(US5406018-A)      Alkylating or isomerising a 4C hydrocarbon to a different molecular structure comprises forming a Lewis-acid hydrocarbon complex catalyst comprising the prod. of a) a Lewis acid R(m-2-z)MX2+z (I), where M = gp. 3a, 5a or 5b metal; X = halide; R = 1-12C hydrocarbyl; m = greatest oxidation state of M; and z = 0, 1 or m-2; b) hydrogen halide; and c) an org. cpd. selected from (i) first paraffins having 12C or less, or (ii) 12C or less olefins, or (iii) 6C or less ethers, the prod. of reaction dissolved in a second paraffin hydrocarbon to form a soln; maintaining the soln. contg. the above at a temp. such that the catalyst does not ppte. long enough for alkylation or isomerisation to occur, adding the hydrocarbon to be alkylated or isomerised; and sepg. the final prod. from the catalyst.    USE/ADVANTAGE -   The catalyst produces alkylated prods. blendable into gasolines. The catalyst is active for isomerisation of alkanes and olefins and isoalkanes under homogeneous fluid conditions.    (JP7504443-W)      A process for alkylating or isomerising an at least 4C hydrocarbon involves (i) forming a Lewis acid-hydrocarbon complex catalyst comprising the reaction prod. of (a) a Lewis acid of formula R(m-2-z)MX(2+z), (b) a hydrogen halide and (c) an organic cpd. comprising (1) a first paraffin with not above 12C, or (2) an olefin with not above 12C, or (3) an ether with not above 6C; (ii) dissolving this prod. in a second liq. paraffin; (iii) keeping the soln. at a temp. such that the catalyst does not ppte., for a time sufficient for alkylation or isomerisation to occur on addn. of the hydrocarbon to be alkylated or isomerised; and (iv) sepg.the hydrocarbon prod. from the complex catalyst.    In the formula, M = metal of Gp. 3a, 5a or 5b; X = halogen; R = 1-12C hydrocarbon gp.; m = highest oxidn. state of M; z = 0-2.    USE/ADVANTAGE -   The alkylate can be blended into motor gasolines, and the isoalkanes and internal olefins resulting from isomerisation can be alkylated, also to prods. for addn. to gasoline. Alkylation is rapid, with high selectivity and conversion at least 24 deg.C.. Prodn. of polymers and of toxic waste is a min.. Use of HF is avoided.    (EP631567-B1)      A process for alkylating or isomerising an at least 4C hydrocarbon involves (i) forming a Lewis acid-hydrocarbon complex catalyst comprising the reaction prod. of (a) a Lewis acid of formula R(m-2-z)MX(2+z), (b) a hydrogen halide and (c) an organic cpd. comprising (1) a first paraffin with not above 12C, or (2) an olefin with not above 12C, or (3) an ether with not above 6C; (ii) dissolving this prod. in a second liq. paraffin; (iii) keeping the soln. at a temp. such that the catalyst does not ppte., for a time sufficient for alkylation or isomerisation to occur on addn. of the hydrocarbon to be alkylated or isomerised; and (iv) sepg.the hydrocarbon prod. from the complex catalyst.    In the formula, M = metal of Gp. 3a, 5a or 5b; X = halogen; R = 1-12C hydrocarbon gp.; m = highest oxidn. state of M; z = 0-2.    USE/ADVANTAGE -   The alkylate can be blended into motor gasolines, and the isoalkanes and internal olefins resulting from isomerisation can be alkylated, also to prods. for addn. to gasoline. Alkylation is rapid, with high selectivity and conversion at at least 24 deg.C.. Prodn. of polymers and of toxic waste is a min.. Use of HF is avoided.    (RU2138471-C1)      A process for alkylating or isomerising an at least 4C hydrocarbon involves (i) forming a Lewis acid-hydrocarbon complex catalyst comprising the reaction prod. of (a) a Lewis acid of formula R(m-2-z)MX(2+z), (b) a hydrogen halide and (c) an organic cpd. comprising (1) a first paraffin with not above 12C, or (2) an olefin with not above 12C, or (3) an ether with not above 6C; (ii) dissolving this prod. in a second liq. paraffin; (iii) keeping the soln. at a temp. such that the catalyst does not ppte., for a time sufficient for alkylation or isomerisation to occur on addn. of the hydrocarbon to be alkylated or isomerised; and (iv) sepg.the hydrocarbon prod. from the complex catalyst.    In the formula, M = metal of Gp. 3a, 5a or 5b; X = halogen; R = 1-12C hydrocarbon gp.; m = highest oxidn. state of M; z = 0-2.    USE/ADVANTAGE -   The alkylate can be blended into motor gasolines, and the isoalkanes and internal olefins resulting from isomerisation can be alkylated, also to prods. for addn. to gasoline. Alkylation is rapid, with high selectivity and conversion at at least 24 deg.C.. Prodn. of polymers and of toxic waste is a min.. Use of HF is avoided.