(ZA9409140-A)      The stabilising electrolyte solution used in a redox cell comprises redox ions, electrolyte and a stabilising agent. The amount of stabiliser may be less than to fully complex the electrolyte solution redox ions. The redox ions may be vanadium ions, in the stabilising electrolyte solution up to and including supersaturated concentration. The stabilised electrolyte may be an aqueous solution.    Alternatives and concentrations are detailed. The electrochemical cell (20) positive compartment (24) may contain a catholyte (25) electrically contacting the positive electrode (26). A negative compartment (21) contains anolyte (22), electrically contacting negative electrode (23). The two electrodes are series connected to a battery (204) of 2.3 volts above the cell resistive loss. An ionically conducting membrane (27) separates the compartments, allowing ionic communication.    USE/ADVANTAGE -   Fuel cells and batteries for electricity production, with stabilised electrolyte in all vanadium cells.    (JP9507950-W)      The stabilising electrolyte solution used in a redox cell comprises redox ions, electrolyte and a stabilising agent. The amount of stabiliser may be less than to fully complex the electrolyte solution redox ions. The redox ions may be vanadium ions, in the stabilising electrolyte solution up to and including supersaturated concentration. The stabilised electrolyte may be an aqueous solution.    Alternatives and concentrations are detailed. The electrochemical cell (20) positive compartment (24) may contain a catholyte (25) electrically contacting the positive electrode (26). A negative compartment (21) contains anolyte (22), electrically contacting negative electrode (23). The two electrodes are series connected to a battery (204) of 2.3 volts above the cell resistive loss. An ionically conducting membrane (27) separates the compartments, allowing ionic communication.    USE/ADVANTAGE -   Fuel cells and batteries for electricity production, with stabilised electrolyte in all vanadium cells.    (US6143443-A)      The stabilising electrolyte solution used in a redox cell comprises redox ions, electrolyte and a stabilising agent. The amount of stabiliser may be less than to fully complex the electrolyte solution redox ions. The redox ions may be vanadium ions, in the stabilising electrolyte solution up to and including supersaturated concentration. The stabilised electrolyte may be an aqueous solution.    Alternatives and concentrations are detailed. The electrochemical cell (20) positive compartment (24) may contain a catholyte (25) electrically contacting the positive electrode (26). A negative compartment (21) contains anolyte (22), electrically contacting negative electrode (23). The two electrodes are series connected to a battery (204) of 2.3 volts above the cell resistive loss. An ionically conducting membrane (27) separates the compartments, allowing ionic communication.    USE/ADVANTAGE -   Fuel cells and batteries for electricity production, with stabilised electrolyte in all vanadium cells.