(JP8298115-A)      The material has compsn. of formula: LixMn2-yMyO4 (where M=metal of bivalent Ni, Co, Fe or Zn and x=1-2.1, y=0.45-0.60), and has cubic crystalline spinel structure having lattice constant of less than 819 nm.    ADVANTAGE -   The anode active material for Li battery has improved endurance life characteristics.    (DE19615800-C2)      A novel active material, for lithium battery anodes, has the formula LixMn2-yMyO4 (where M = divalent metal (pref. Ni, Co, Fe or Zn), y = 0.45 to 0.60 and x = 1 to 2.1) and has a cubic spinel structure with a lattice constant of 8.190.    Also claimed are (i) methods of making the above active material; (ii) a lithium battery having an anode, using the above active material, and a negative electrode, using a material selected from lithium metal, lithium alloys, carbon and graphite, and (iii) a novel active material for a lithium battery anode, the material having the formula LixMn2-zMzO4 (where M = trivalent metal (pref. Fe, Ni, Al, Co, B or V), z = 0.5 to 1 and x = 1 to 2.1).    ADVANTAGE -   Charge/discharge reactions of the active material are single phase reactions, cell vol. changes and capacity redn. during repeated charge/discharge cycles are reduced and a constant variation of potential can be obtained.    (US5738957-A)      A novel active material, for lithium battery anodes, has the formula LixMn2-yMyO4 (where M = divalent metal (pref. Ni, Co, Fe or Zn), y = 0.45 to 0.60 and x = 1 to 2.1) and has a cubic spinel structure with a lattice constant of 8.190.    Also claimed are (i) methods of making the above active material; (ii) a lithium battery having an anode, using the above active material, and a negative electrode, using a material selected from lithium metal, lithium alloys, carbon and graphite, and (iii) a novel active material for a lithium battery anode, the material having the formula LixMn2-zMzO4 (where M = trivalent metal (pref. Fe, Ni, Al, Co, B or V), z = 0.5 to 1 and x = 1 to 2.1).    ADVANTAGE -   Charge/discharge reactions of the active material are single phase reactions, cell vol. changes and capacity redn. during repeated charge/discharge cycles are reduced and a constant variation of potential can be obtained.    (US5759717-A)      A novel active material, for lithium battery anodes, has the formula LixMn2-yMyO4 (where M = divalent metal (pref. Ni, Co, Fe or Zn), y = 0.45 to 0.60 and x = 1 to 2.1) and has a cubic spinel structure with a lattice constant of 8.190.    Also claimed are (i) methods of making the above active material; (ii) a lithium battery having an anode, using the above active material, and a negative electrode, using a material selected from lithium metal, lithium alloys, carbon and graphite, and (iii) a novel active material for a lithium battery anode, the material having the formula LixMn2-zMzO4 (where M = trivalent metal (pref. Fe, Ni, Al, Co, B or V), z = 0.5 to 1 and x = 1 to 2.1).    ADVANTAGE -   Charge/discharge reactions of the active material are single phase reactions, cell vol. changes and capacity redn. during repeated charge/discharge cycles are reduced and a constant variation of potential can be obtained.    (US5783332-A)      A novel active material, for lithium battery anodes, has the formula LixMn2-yMyO4 (where M = divalent metal (pref. Ni, Co, Fe or Zn), y = 0.45 to 0.60 and x = 1 to 2.1) and has a cubic spinel structure with a lattice constant of 8.190.    Also claimed are (i) methods of making the above active material; (ii) a lithium battery having an anode, using the above active material, and a negative electrode, using a material selected from lithium metal, lithium alloys, carbon and graphite, and (iii) a novel active material for a lithium battery anode, the material having the formula LixMn2-zMzO4 (where M = trivalent metal (pref. Fe, Ni, Al, Co, B or V), z = 0.5 to 1 and x = 1 to 2.1).    ADVANTAGE -   Charge/discharge reactions of the active material are single phase reactions, cell vol. changes and capacity redn. during repeated charge/discharge cycles are reduced and a constant variation of potential can be obtained.    (CN1148738-A)      A novel active material, for lithium battery anodes, has the formula LixMn2-yMyO4 (where M = divalent metal (pref. Ni, Co, Fe or Zn), y = 0.45 to 0.60 and x = 1 to 2.1) and has a cubic spinel structure with a lattice constant of 8.190.    Also claimed are (i) methods of making the above active material; (ii) a lithium battery having an anode, using the above active material, and a negative electrode, using a material selected from lithium metal, lithium alloys, carbon and graphite, and (iii) a novel active material for a lithium battery anode, the material having the formula LixMn2-zMzO4 (where M = trivalent metal (pref. Fe, Ni, Al, Co, B or V), z = 0.5 to 1 and x = 1 to 2.1).    ADVANTAGE -   Charge/discharge reactions of the active material are single phase reactions, cell vol. changes and capacity redn. during repeated charge/discharge cycles are reduced and a constant variation of potential can be obtained.