The substrate (14) has an electrically conductive layer (12) containing silver alloy as principal component. A set of mixed oxide thin films (15-18) containing stannic oxide and indium oxide as a base material, are formed on the electrically conductive layer. The indium concentration or the tin concentration of the mixed oxide thin film is varied in thickness direction.    USE -   For plasma display apparatus, I/O display device, solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves moisture resistance. Improves electrode mounting property.
The method involves connecting outflow side fuel chamber (31) and cyclic water chamber (35) with an exhaust valve (65). Anode (22) and cathode (23) are formed on either surfaces of solid body electrolyte film (21). The oxidizing agent chamber and the fuel chamber are arranged on cathode and anode sides, respectively. Proximity deposition of water chamber is then carried out. Fuel sources are connected to the inflow side of fuel chamber through fuel supply valve (57).    ADVANTAGE -   Maintains fuel battery with appropriate temperature.
The battery has a fuel electrode (3) and an oxidizing electrode consisting of catalyst, which are arranged on either sides of a matrix layer (2). A porous carbon paper (6) is formed over the fuel electrode. Phosphoric acid electrolyte is filled in the matrix layer. A set of conduction paths (9,10) for supplying heating gas or air are formed below the base material of fuel electrode and matrix layer, respectively. The edges (23, 20) of carbon paper or base material are immersed in phosphoric acid zirconium provided in pore at edges of gas conduction path.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves reliability, by eliminating need for gas sealed carbon paper and base material.
A photoresponsive electrode for use in a wet solar cell comprises; a metal film with fixed on it a vapour deposited photoresponsive molecule and a light irradiating portion having a different dielectric constant to the metal (prism or optical fibres). The metal film is capable of being irradiated with light via the light irradiating portion at a substantial resonance incident angle capable of inducing a surface plasmon resonance in the interface between the metal and the light irradiating portion. In a preferred cell the metal film (11) is in contact with a solution of photoresponsive molecules (2) preferably a porphyrin derivative in a cell (3). The light irradiating portion in contact with the metal is a series of prisms (12).    USE -   Wet solar cells.    ADVANTAGE -   By using surface plasmon resonance the photoresponsive molecule fixed to the metal surface can be very efficiently excited. By red light having a long wavelength the intensifying effect of the electric field in the local electric field formed by the surface plasmon resonance is increased. The molecule can be excited even by a red light of a low energy.
An electrolytic reactor consists of an anode compartment and a cathode compartment separated by a zeolite membrane. The anode compartment contains a first compound in fluid form and the cathode compartment contains a second compound in fluid form. An electric current is able to flow through the first and second compounds, causing a chemical change in the first and/or the second compound.    Also claimed is a fuel cell as above in which the first compound is an organic fuel and liquid water, or an organic fuel and water vapour.    USE -   Useful for performing a chemical reaction by electrical means, especially in the form of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The use of a zeolite membrane allows the passage of water molecules without permitting passage of organic molecules. It is thus possible to prevent the harmful escape of harmful vapours to the air. The electrolytic reactor may be a rechargeable fuel cell.
A transducer for converting radiant energy to electrical power comprises: a) an emitter upon which the radiant energy impinges, where the emitter has a work function consistent with the copious emission of electrons at the wavelengths of the radiant energy; b) a collector to which the electrons can travel, and which is spaced apart from the emitter; c) an electrical load; d) contacts by which the collector and the emitter are connected to the load; and e) a housing.    Also claimed is a transducer for converting radiant energy to electrical power comprising: i) a transparent micromachined first substrate, having in a shallow depression on one face uniform depth of photoelectric-emissive material, surrounded by an edge region which is thermally resistive; and joined by the edge region to: ii) the edge region of a similar second micromachined substrate having photoelectric-emissive material in a shallow depression on one face, where the photoelectric-emissive materials of the layers are in electrical contact with a contact means.    USE -   Used to make photovoltaic cells for generation of electricity of solar energy.    ADVANTAGE -   The device can generate electricity from solar energy by the photoelectric effect alone, or by means of a hybrid photoelectric-thermionic generator. A solar concentrator is not required, and the device operates efficiently at ambient temperature. The emitter emits electrons at wavelengths of light of 700 nm or less.
A metal oxide gel product is prepared by: (a) heating a mixture of a wet hydrous metal oxide and a hydrolytic acid or metal salt to form a wet gel; (b) heating under a controlled pressure atmosphere to decompose the acid or salt; and removing any non-dispersible product.    A preferred salt is a metal nitrate.The metal oxide gel product is claimed.    Also claimed is a dispersible nanocrystalline metal oxide gel product. A solid solution of a metal oxide is obtained by heating the above product.    Preferably the wet hydrous metal oxide mixture is heated for 1-24 hours at room temperature to 120C. The wet gel is then heated under controlled pressure in a pressure reactor vessel for 20-75 minutes, preferably at a rate of 175-225C per hour. Non-dispersible product is removed by: (i) dispersing the metal oxide gel by heating the wet gel in an aqueous solvent to form a solution; (ii) removing non-dispersible sediment; and (iii) drying the solution, preferably at 20-125C.    USE -    In manufacture of a (supported) catalyst or a fuel cell; or in coating or impregnating a substrate. (claimed). A typical product is a lanthanide-doped CeO2material (not claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Mixed metal oxides are obtained in a nanocrystalline and dispersible form via a low temperature process.
A method for forming a compound film comprises preparing a source material including Group IB-IIIA alloy-containing particles having at least one Group IB-IIIA alloy phase, Group IB-IIIA alloys constituting &gt;50 molar% of the Group IB elements and &gt;50 molar% of the Group IIIA elements in the source material. The source material is deposited on a base in the form of a precursor film, and the film heated in a suitable atmos. to form a film including a Group IB-IIA-VIA compound. Also claimed are methods for fabricating an electronic device, and a solar cell.    USE -   Methods of making structures incorporating ternary and higher order compound semiconductors for use in electronic devices, e.g. photovoltaic devices.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides Group IB-IIA-VIA (and related) compound films on large area substrates with good compositional uniformity and superior electronic properties.
Solar cell has a flexible substrate (11) with a photoelectric conversion layer (14) deposited on it, which is formed by a laminate layer of non-single crystalline silicon thin films. The substrate has a linear thermal expansion coefficient of 2.0 ppm/C to 10.0 ppm/C, and is made of an alloy of iron and nickel, the nickel content being 30-51 wt.%. Production of the solar cell is also claimed, in which the nickel content of the alloy corresponding to the voltage state is controlled to act on the photoelectric conversion layer.    USE -   As an electrical energy source.    ADVANTAGE -   The planarity of the cell is improved to reduce deformation and warpage during production.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module consists of series connected solar battery cell (3) forming a parallel connection with bypass diode (10). A thermal fuse connected in series with the bypass diode, receives the heat generated.    USE -   For solar battery module used to generate power for domestic use.    ADVANTAGE -   The damage of bypass diode by lightning is prevented since the thermal fuse prevents the overcurrent flow to the diode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar battery module (3) Solar battery cell; (10) Bypass diode.
NOVELTY - A heat carrier absorbs heat from a solar battery which is provided between a heat exchanger plate (5) and a heat exchanger tube (6). The heat absorb by the heat carrier is stored in a storage tank (8). When a panel (1) of solar battery is covered with snow, the heat in the heat carrier is transmitted through the heat exchange plate and heat exchanger tube for de- icing snow. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for de-icing apparatus.    USE -   For generating solar power for de-icing system.    ADVANTAGE -   When the surface of panel is covered by ice, by using the heat carrier de-icing is performed, therefore efficiency of solar power generation is improved and snow covered area is recovered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of solar power generation system. (1) Panel; (5) Heat exchanger plate; (6) Heat exchanger tube; (8) Storage tank.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (101) has hole (108) through which lamination material (109) is filled on reinforcing material (102). The hole does not superimpose on the solar battery element (105). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: solar power generator; solar battery module manufacturing method; solar battery module mounting method    USE -   For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   As the reinforcing material is laminated water penetration, rust attachment is prevented hence reduction of attachment strength and insulating ability of solar battery is prevented thereby reducing cost of power generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery module. (101) Solar battery module; (102) Reinforcing material; (105) Solar battery element; (108) Hole; (109) Lamination material.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (7) placed inbetween upper board (21) and L-shaped underplate (22) of holder board (2) is fixed by screw (3). The stress addition equipment (4) adds stress to solar-battery module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module torsion testing method.    USE -   For investigating mechanical endurance of solar battery module during heat-cycle test, temperature cycle test, terminal strength test etc.    ADVANTAGE -   As the solar battery module is fixed between board and plate using screw, uniform and firm fixing is attained and hence continuous measurement of insulation resistance between output terminal and module frame is offered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory sectional view of the solar-battery module torsion tester. (2) Holder board; (3) Screw; (4) Stress addition equipment; (7) Solar battery module; (21) Upper board; (22) L-shaped underplate.
NOVELTY - The fixing device has a printing stage (4) with vacuum suction openings (5) that performs the vacuum suction of a thin-film fixing jig (1). The thin-film fixing jig and a thin-film silicon (2), received in the opening (1a) of the thin-film fixing jig, are mounted on the printing stage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thin-film fixing jig has an eaves portion (1b) that suppresses inwardly for the protruding thin-film silicon from the upper portion towards the opening.    USE -   Used in manufacturing thin film silicon for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents yield reduction due to prevented wafer cracks and pattern disturbance occurring when performing vacuum suction of thin-film silicon. Reduces restrictions in printing pattern due to eaves portion of thin-film fixing jig. Has simplified structure in which absorbing mechanism is unnecessary. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show the entire sectional view of the fixing device and the top view of the thin-film fixing jig. (1) Thin-film fixing jig; (1a) Opening; (1b) Eaves portion; (2) Thin-film silicon; (4) Printing stage; (5) Vacuum suction openings.
The holder supports a number of semiconductor bars (1), during a coating process, in which a reflection coating is applied to at least part of at least one side surface, of each bar. The holder has a base with an accommodation zone. The accommodation zone receives spacers (10) for holding the adjacent longitudinal side surfaces (16a,16b) of the semiconductor bars at a given relative spacing.    A cover (17) is fitted over the holder reception space and has web sections (18) extending over the top surfaces of the semiconductor bars, and at least partly covering the bars.    USE -   For manufacture of optoelectronic components, e.g. semiconductor laser diodes.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates coating of side surfaces of semiconductor bars. Simplifies manipulation of bars, both during and after coating process.
NOVELTY - An electrically powered device for consuming power from a mains grid has a solar powered generating system for generating mains power. A power controller causes power to be fed into the grid from the device during a period of daylight, when the device is electrically connected to the grid. The device is controlled so it can draw power from the grid during a period of non daylight.    USE - For generating solar power in a mains power grid e.g. for street lighting.    ADVANTAGE - The system accounts for the maximum anticipated load at any given time, making it more reliable. It has a longer life expectancy and is less expensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electrical power distribution system having a power grid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a block circuit diagram showing a typical electrical power distribution system having street lighting.
NOVELTY - The hydraulic machine (30) has a guide vane drive controller (17) that sets a guide vane (7) in a small opened state when a casing (12) piled in the periphery of a runner chamber (8) leaks. The leaking waste water from the casing is drained within a draft tube (2) through a casing drainage pipe (13). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The casing is connected outside of the runner chamber in which a runner (10) is rotated around a main shaft. The draft tube is connected underneath the runner chamber. A compressed air supply pipe (16) is connected to the interior of the runner chamber to supply compressed air in the runner chamber and depress the water surface of the runner chamber even to the draft tube. The casing drainage pipe is connected inside the casing and draft tube to drain the water in the casing. A casing drain valve (13a), which is driven by a valve drive unit (13b), is provided to the casing drainage pipe. The guide vane is arranged interposing between the runner in the runner chamber and casing. The guide vane driving controller is connected to the guide vane. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the operation of the hydraulic machine.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures stable slip running since stagnant water collected at the periphery of the runner during runner slip running can be discharged at the casing side. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of the hydraulic machine. (2) Draft tube; (7) Guide vane; (8) Runner chamber; (10) Runner; (12) Casing; (13) Casing drainage pipe; (13a) Casing drain valve; (13b) Valve drive unit; (16) Compressed air supply pipe; (17) Guide vane drive controller; (30) Hydraulic machine.
NOVELTY - Connectors (4) are installed in inner surfaces of a pair of rails (3) along longitudinal direction of the rails. The connectors are aligned with projection polar zones (2) at end faces of a pair of solar battery modules (1). End portions of the solar battery modules with the polar zones are clamped to module support clamps (32) provided in the rails. The rails are attached to a substrate (31).    USE -   For installing solar batteries or roof top of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need for complicated wiring for connectors due to provision of the connectors along internal longitudinal surface of the rails. Makes replacement of solar batteries easy due to provision of the module support clamps. Reduces cost due to simple structure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective enlarged cross sectional view of the solar battery module attachment structure. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Projection polar zone; (3) Rail; (4) Connector; (31) Substrate; (32) Support clamp.
NOVELTY - Edge portions of solar battery module (2) are supported between pairs of fitting plate (12,13) extending horizontally and outwardly from external wall surface of a square-shaped hollow cable accommodation portion (11). The walls of the cable accommodation portion are supported on rail (1). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cables (3) are installed in the cable accommodation portion. Output cables (21) with connectors extend from the solar battery module and pierce through the wall surfaces of the accommodation portion The connectors of the solar module are connected to the cables housed in the cable accommodation portion. The cable accommodation portion is covered on top by a cover (4). The rail is supported on rooftop.    USE -   For fixing solar battery module on rooftop.    ADVANTAGE -   Makes inspection, repair etc., after installation of the solar battery module easy, due to provision of the cable accommodation portion. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the solar battery module attachment structure. (1) Rail; (2) Solar battery module; (3) Cables; (4) Cover; (11) Cable accommodation portion; (12,13) Fitting plates; (21) Output cable.
NOVELTY - Solar panel (1) is laid flat horizontally and fixed to frame (2) provided on roof top with air gap ventilation space (3) below the panel and above roof surface. The panels are fixed in frame mold (8) and cross slits (4).    USE -   For installing solar panel on roof top in building.    ADVANTAGE -   Affords easy installation as the solar panel is laid horizontally without involving angular fixing etc. Avoids disturbance due to wind load, as the solar panel is laid without inclination. Enables provision of lighter foundation as there is no complication that go with inclined fixing. Easy to overcome pressure imbalance due to wind load of air gap below solar panel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of horizontally laid solar panel. (1) Solar panel; (2) Frame; (3) Air gap ventilation space; (4) Cross slits; (8) Frame mold.
NOVELTY - Multiple panel units (3) are coupled adjacently by a wiring frame (4). Power cables (10) which conduct the electricity generated by the solar battery cell (7) present in the panel units are supported by the wiring frame at the joints between the panel units and are connected to the light receiving surface (7a) of the cells.    USE -   In solar panels for generating electricity for use in buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the conductive wiring is provided on the wiring frame only at the joints between the panel units, the wiring can be incorporated easily using DPG and SSG construction methods. Since the conductive wiring is connected to the light receiving surface of the solar battery cells, operation time is reduced and maintenance is simplified and the power cables are not exposed. Since transparent tempered glass is used as the supporting material for the solar panel, outstanding exterior design is obtained and suitability for installing in walls and windows is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded sectional view of solar panel. (3) Panel unit; (4) Wiring frame; (7) Solar battery cell; (7a) Light receiving surface; (10) Power cable.
NOVELTY - Installation frame of solar panel (5) is fixed to support block (10) over roof tops of buildings on shock absorbing layer (11), with air gap above the roof top. Water-proof layer is provided at locations of the support block over the roof surface and underneath the shock absorbing layer.    USE -   In installation of solar panels, over roof top of buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Results in quick installation, as support blocks are part of roof finish, and solar panels are easily assembled on support blocks. Avoids disturbing roof surface, by way of preparing for foundation, for solar panel, as support block is built on roof top. Results in economy as the installation takes less time, because of provision of support block. More installation can be done in a given time. Increases insulation quality of the building because of provision of air gap between roof top and solar panel. Simple design as solar panel consists of detachable part that could be assembled at size, over support block. Saves cost as one layer of framework to be manufactured is avoided because of support block. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of support block on roof top solar panel. (5) Solar panel; (10) Support block; (11) Shock absorbing layer.
NOVELTY - Solar panel consisting of battery modules (4) which is made of cellular concrete frames (1) and are erected as vertical walls. The panels have recess (3) to fix the battery modules at a slightly lower level than main portion (2) of the frame. Hole is provided in the panel for wiring.    USE -   For mounting solar battery module in building.    ADVANTAGE -   Easy to stack and transport because of light weight and grooves prevent contact of battery surface. Easy to clean, because of vertical surface which attracts less dirt. Increase efficiency of solar batteries because of less dirt adhesion, because of vertical disposition. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of cellular concrete solar panel. (1) Cellular concrete frames; (2) Main portion; (3) Recess; (4) Battery modules.
An epoxy resin composition for an optical semiconductor device, comprising (A) an epoxy resin, (B) a phenolic resin derivative having at least a bond via an alkyl group and the like at para position, and (C) a curing agent.    USE -   The epoxy resin composition is useful for an optical semiconductor device, such as LED, photo transistors, photodiodes, CCD and EPROM for sealing such devices by transfer molding process.    ADVANTAGES -   The epoxy resin composition of the present invention is colourless and transparent and improves the humidity resistance (tested by pressure cooker test and the like). It can provide excellent adhesion between the device and the leadframe etc.
NOVELTY - The flow machine has an underwater rotor wheel (1) with a number of peripheral paddles (3), mounted on a rotor axis perpendicular to the flow current, for rotation by the latter for driving an electrical generator. Each paddle has a fixed inner section (4) and a relatively pivoted outer section (6).    USE - The flow machine is used for electrical energy generation via an underwater flow current.    ADVANTAGE - The flow resistance of the rotor wheel is reduced during the return movement of the rotor paddles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of an underwater electrical power generation plant.    Rotor wheel (1)    Peripheral paddles (3)    Paddle inner sections (4)    Paddle outer sections (6)
NOVELTY - A structure comprising a silicon substrate bonded to a semiconductor die uses a thin layer of thermoplastic adhesive to bond the die to the substrate.    USE - Especially in fabrication of focal plane arrays used in digital imaging systems.    ADVANTAGE - Use of thermoplastic adhesives which reflow at softening temperatures avoids the excessive stresses which can occur when thermoset epoxies are used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a preferred embodiment, the structure is a focal plane array in which a readout integrated circuit is directly bonded to a mercury-cadmium-telluride photodetector array layer via a 1-2 micron thick layer of thermoplastic adhesive. The HgCdTe photodetectors are directly connected to the readout IC by an array of vias through the HgCdTe structure.
NOVELTY - A crystalline Si thin film photoelectric conversion layer (112) is sandwiched between an N-type and P-type layers (111,113), respectively in the photoelectric conversion unit (11). The N-type layer is formed by plasma CVD technique. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrode (10) and photoelectric conversion unit are formed on the glass substrate. A pair of metal layers and transparent conducting oxide layers (101-103) configures the electrode. The oxide layer (103) is mainly made of zinc oxide. The conducting oxide layer (103) is formed by sputtering, vacuum deposition or CVD technique at 100- 450 C. The mean diameter of the crystal grains in the oxide layer is set more than or equals to 100 nm. The specific resistance is set below 1.510-3 ohm-cm and thickness of the oxide layer is set between 50 nm-1 m.    USE -   In crystalline silicon group tandem-die type thin film photoelectric converter used for solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces cost and obtains high performance by forming photoelectric conversion unit at low temperature by plasma-CVD technique. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of photoelectric converter. (10) Electrode; (11) Photoelectric conversion unit; (101-103) Transparent conducting oxide layers; (111,113) N-type and P-type layers; (112) Photoelectric conversion layer.
NOVELTY - The power is taken off the rotor via the cam ring, which communicates with the rotor rim. The rotor is secured to seabed by mooring lines and may be neutrally or positively buoyed. The ring cam with lobes tensioned together projecting in up to four directions to drive a set of pumps.    USE - Generating power used in water or sea water    ADVANTAGE - The output is predictable and allows easy repair and torque transfer from drive shaft to generator. Early damage to the cam lobes in the ring-cam machine and rollers can be detected.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The pitch angle of the rotor blades are controlled by the moment of the blades around a pitch axis, which is generated by a controlled fluid pressure in pressure manifolds common to all blades.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - This drawing shows side view of the mooring of a 50 meter tide rotor.    Mooring lines (Tension leg mooring lines)
NOVELTY - The flow machine has an underwater rotor wheel (1) with a number of peripheral paddles (3), mounted on a rotor axis perpendicular to the flow current for rotation by the latter for driving an electrical generator. Each paddle has a pair of paddle blades positioned side-by-side and pivoted about an axis perpendicular to the rotor axis during the rotor wheel rotation.    USE - The flow machine is used for electrical energy generation via an underwater flow current.    ADVANTAGE - The flow resistance of the rotor wheel is reduced during the return movement of the rotor paddles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic cross-section through a rotor wheel.    Rotor wheel (1)    Peripheral paddles (3)    Rotor axis (5)
NOVELTY - The solar cell device is assembled from a number of solar sub-cells (2) which are connected in series, formed in a semiconductor wafer (1), with slots (14) formed in the latter for defining the individual solar sub-cells, mechanically coupled together by narrow bridging sections (12) at the wafer edge.    USE - The solar cell device provides an electrical operating voltage for incorporation in a satellite, a small consumer item, e.g. a wrist watch or pocket calculator, or a portable calculator or mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell device has a reduced manufacturing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for manufacture of a solar cell device is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic perspective view of a solar cell device.    Semiconductor wafer (1)    Solar sub-cells (2)    Bridging sections (12)    Slots (14)
NOVELTY - An optical transmitting and receiving circuit is formed on the printed circuit board. A section of the ground layer (3) is exposed via ground layer exposure portion (2) which is electrically connected to shield cover.    USE -   For optical LAN.    ADVANTAGE -   Operation of optical transmitting and receiving module is stabilized. EM wave noise can be effectively shielded. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top elevation view of the optical transmitting and receiving module. (2) Ground layer exposure portion; (3) Ground layer.
NOVELTY - An identification mark (102) for identifying position or classification of output terminal (106) is formed on the light receiving surface. The output terminal of anode and/or cathode is recognized using the mark. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: installation procedure of solar battery; solar battery manufacturing method    USE -   For roof mounted solar battery module used in buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   As the electrode terminal is identified easily, battery installation time is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory view of the roof mounted solar battery module. (102) Identification mark; (106) Output terminal.
NOVELTY - A polycrystalline silicon fine particle is deposited on a heat resistant substrate (11). A silicon thin film of thickness 3-30 m is formed on the substrate. The silicon film is heated and recrystallized so as increase mean diameter of silicon crystal.    USE -   For forming polycrystalline silicon thin film used for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Materializes highly efficient and inexpensive solar battery by reduced raw material consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a schematic diagram of silicon thin film deposition apparatus. (11) Heat resistant substrate.
NOVELTY - Solar batteries (12a-12d) are arranged on the upper and lower sides and right and left sides of cylindrical support (11). The direction detector (10) traces sun's path and performs correction of elevation and vectorial angles of corresponding batteries.    USE -   For maintaining installation angle of solar panels.    ADVANTAGE -   Enhances electricity generation efficiency, by enabling automatic and accurate directional control of solar panels. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of installation angle maintenance device. (10) Direction detector; (11) Cylindrical support; (12a-12d) Solar batteries.
NOVELTY - The turbine has an inlet tube directed against the water flow and towards the water surface, a turbine housing containing a nozzle control mechanism and running wheel, a suction tube (5) leading from the housing base to below the water, and an air delivery valve (7) above the center of the turbine rotor. Each nozzle control mechanism's control drive has an opening angle sensor (11).    USE - For regulating the suction water column of a throughflow turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Enables continuous regulation of the suction water height for continual optimization of the turbine power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The opening angle sensors, a generator (G) revolution rate sensor (13) and a generator effective power sensor (14) feed signals to a microcomputer (30), which controls the drive for the air delivery valve via a digital control transducer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a turbine with regulation arrangement.    suction tube (5)    air delivery valve (7)    opening angle sensor (11)    generator revolution rate sensor (13)    generator effective power sensor (14)    microcomputer (30)    generator (G)
NOVELTY - The solar cell arrangement has at least one solar cell (1), a transparent cover mounted on the front of the solar cell and a cooling body (5) mounted on the rear of the solar cell that carriers a coolant flow. The cooling body consists of a lamella with a number of corrugations forming regions or channels through which coolant flows. Each of the channels is bound directly onto the solar cell with the open sides.    USE - For generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Is simple to manufacture, enables a good cooling effect to be achieved and is widely applicable as a result of its dimensions and weight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic, partially sectional, representation of the front of the solar cell arrangement.    Solar cells (1)    Cooling body (5)
NOVELTY - The device includes a body-support with various structures for supporting back, lumbar region, abdomen, head, legs and ankles to make them do reciprocating movement; several slide guides capable of implementing five flexion and extension, leftward and rightward movements; reciprocating movement stroke and frequency regulator; lifting and falling reciprocating device making human body implement up-down reciprocating movement;body-supporting device with vibrator; linear motor and solenoid reciprocating device. Said body-supporting device is positioned at one side of motive power machine, can be lowered to below 10 cm, and its height can be regulated by adding height-increasing device.    USE - For use as an exerciser with the functions of infrared therapy, magnetotherapy, low-frequency therapy, reducing weight, building body, increasing height, beautifying and corrective therapy of spondylopathy.
NOVELTY - A heat collection panel (2) consists of several heat carrier pipes (42) attached to cover plates (41) of several heat collection boards (4). Both ends of the heat carrier pipes which project from the cover plate are connected to the holes (51) provided on header pipes (5) arranged on both sides of the heat collection board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat carrier pipe is inserted in a groove provided in the cover plate of the heat collection board.    USE -   In hybrid solar module which produces heat and electricity by attaching a heat collection panel to the back side of a solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   By connecting both ends of the heat carrier pipe to the holes provided on the header pipe the multiple heat carrier pipes are easily attachable to the header pipes. The heat carrier pipes are arranged in an identical plane on the heat collection boards enabling easy attachment of the panel to the back side of the solar battery module. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded perspective view of a hybrid solar module. (2) Heat collection panel; (4) Heat collection board; (5) Header pipe; (41) Cover plate; (42) Heat carrier plate; (51) Holes.
NOVELTY - A compensation power variable unit changes compensation power of the walking exercise machine (1) with respect to change in velocity of walking surface (2) judged by a velocity detector, in opposition with change in frictional force of the surface. A controller (3) suitably regulates walk operation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for balance control method of walking exercise machine.    USE -   In walking exercise machine.    ADVANTAGE -   Kick power of trainee is balanced, even when the velocity and frictional force of walking surface is changed. Compensation power change is achieved using a compensation power variable unit and hence easy walking is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts an external view of walking exercise machine. (1) Walk exercise machine; (2) Walk surface; (3) Controller.
NOVELTY - The solar generator includes solar cells (5) and a carrier structure (1) which comprises a honeycomb kernel (2) lying between a lower and an upper cover (3a, 3b). Resonators are integrated into and/or coupled to the carrier structure. The resonators are preferably Helmholz resonators which are formed through a foil (4) and cavities (28) in the honeycomb kernel.    USE - solar collector panels in space satellites    ADVANTAGE - Reduces stress and/or danger to components through sound pressure, while keeping weight of arrangement low.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an arrangement according to the invention.    carrier structure (1)    honeycomb kernel (2)    lower and upper cover (3a, 3b)    foil (4)    cavities (28)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric sensor (15) is arranged to receive light (in)directly from the same radiation source as the solar generator (11). The current flowing from the latter to the inverter (14), or a magniture representing the current, is picked-up by a measuring appts. (16). The output signals of The sensor and measuring appts. are coupled to a fault detecting stage (17) which transmits a fault signal, when the sensor output signal (E) exceeds a preset threshold (Eo), and the current (I), measured by the appts. is below a preset threshold (Io).    USE - For fault monitoring with solar installations.    ADVANTAGE - Independent operation from solar generator and inverter, thus detecting disruptions not recognised by the inverter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for detecting a fault in the generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block circuit of the invention solar installation    sensor (15)    solar generator (11)    inverter (14)    measuring appts. (16)    fault detecting stage (17)    sensor output signal (E)    signal threshold (Eo)    measured current (I)    current threshold (Io)
NOVELTY - The training machine comprises a load unit and a pedal to provide an exerciser with predetermined exercise and a display to display an image.    USE - Exercise training machine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The machine further comprises a storage unit to store reference range of the heart rate of the exerciser and a number of images, a heart rate sensor, a sensor signal detecting section and display/audio outputting section to judge whether or not the exercising state of the exerciser is proper, and display/audio outputting section to retrieve the image corresponding to the exercising state from the storage unit and display it.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the machine.    Load unit (13)    Pedal (12)    Load unit (13)    display (17)    storage unit (24)    Heart rate sensor (21A)    Display/audio outputting section (27B,27A)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric current of 70 mA or more is applied to high output light receiving element (4) that generates electrical signal with amplitude is more than 1V. The voltage application element (5) generates clock signal (C) from this electrical signal and applies to control input (1b) of optical gate (1).    USE -   For isolating time-division multiplexed optical signal into low-speed signal in optical fiber communication system.    ADVANTAGE -   The optical gate is directly driven by high output light receiving element. By reducing gate width, the amplitude of optical clock is increased. Hence a single photodiode is enough. Provides high speed of demultiplexing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of demultiplexer. (1) Optical gate; (1b) Control input; (4) High output high receiving element; (5) Voltage application element; (C) Clock signal.
NOVELTY - Solar-battery cells (5) are laminated sequentially and are distributed on the module base (1) via an insulating film (3). Module base is made into reverse convex shape and has recess on both sides. The recessed portion is bonded to the sub-base (2). Circumference surface of solar battery and module base are covered by covering material (6).    USE -   For calculator, wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   Since single-crystal silicon solar battery is used, reduction in weight is obtained. Process is simple because structure is not provided with frame material on peripheral portion and hence solar battery module manufactured at low cost and having high heat release capability is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery module. (1) Module base; (2) Sub- base; (3) Insulating film; (5) Solar-battery cells; (6) Covering material.
NOVELTY - The width of a parallel plate electrode arranged opposite to the base for introducing high frequency electric power, the pressure in the discharge space, base temperature and raw material gas flow rate are set such that predetermined condition is satisfied.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fine crystal i semiconductor layer is formed on the surface of a base placed in a discharge space to which film forming gas and high frequency electric power are introduced and plasma is made to occur. A non-mono crystal primary conductivity type semiconductor layer, amorphous i type semiconductor layer, fine crystal i type semiconductor layer, fine crystal secondary conductivity type semiconductor layer are formed sequentially on a conductive base conveyed in a longitudinal direction.    USE -   For calculator, wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses reduction of conversion efficiency in base edge in large area photovoltaic cell, by forming fine crystal i type semiconductor layer of uniform characteristics. Produces uniform and good photovoltaic cell with sufficient yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of single cell continuous film forming apparatus.
NOVELTY - The X-ray diffraction intensity ratio of radiating light of one surface to another surface of the polycrystalline silicon layer is below 0.1. The metallic element concentration in polycrystalline silicon layer is in 1x10power19-10power22 atom/cm3 range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photoelectric converter manufacture.    USE -   Used for solar batteries, photosensor, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces cost of construction due to inexpensive substrate. Forms optical barrier at low temperature. Promotes crystallization effect due to crystal orientation of silicon layer resulting in increase of element conversion efficiency of solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of photoelectric converter.
NOVELTY - An ultraviolet detection layer consisting of diamond film (2) is formed on a substrate (1). The thickness of the diamond film after gaseous phase synthesis and uniaxial growth is 1-40 m. Electrodes (3,4) are formed on diamond film.    USE -   For electronic devices.    ADVANTAGE -   As the sensor is not influenced by solar light it can response at high speed and ultraviolet sensor of excellent sensitivity and heat resistance can be obtained. Hence the practical use range of ultraviolet sensor with the diamond film is extended. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of diamond film ultraviolet sensor. (1) Substrate; (2) Diamond film; (3,4) Electrode.
NOVELTY - The tailwater from the low temperature drain of very low temperature absorption refrigeration plant is passed to cool solar battery for its warm up and which also increases its power generation efficiency.    USE -   For warming up cooled drain from refrigeration plant of cold storage of agricultural products and also for cooling solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Serves for double purpose, of both warming the drain and cooling the battery which promotes refrigeration efficiency and also increases power generation efficiency of solar battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cooling module arrangement in solar battery package.
NOVELTY - The frame includes assembled cross pieces (6) of required length, in which a solar battery module is fixed by a fitting. Multiple couplings combine small `C' shaped vertical pieces (4) and the cross piece upto required length. A longitudinal coupling (5) couples the cross piece with the vertical piece. A coupling (3) fixes the vertical pieces with a roof (2).    USE -   For roof material solar battery module in buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves construction, reliability and efficiency, by avoiding on-site assembling. Offers leak proof to roof, by choosing both with better size head for fixing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows fixed condition of solar battery module in roof. (2) Roof; (3) Coupling; (4) Vertical pieces; (5) Longitudinal coupling; (6) Cross piece.
NOVELTY - The exercise bicycle has a pedal crank (21) that turns a disc (24), which drives an eddy current brake. A weight detector is provided in the saddle (7), saddle pin (6), frame (1) or other load-baring part, so that the weight of the person sitting on the saddle or standing can be detected. The weight detector may be a strain gauge, coil spring balance, or pressure sensor.    USE - For physical fitness training.    ADVANTAGE - Supports an exercise program for weight loss.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exercise bicycle.    frame (1)    saddle pin (6)    saddle (7)    pedal crank (21)    disc (24)
NOVELTY - An upper cell (12) composed of an n+ and a p+ layer, and a lower cell (14) composed of n- and p+ layers are stacked together. The upper cell has a larger band gap than the lower cell. The lower cell has cathodes (26) and anodes (28) connected to its n+ and p+ layers respectively. The anodes act as the counterpart of the upper electrode (18) of the upper cell. Minority carriers appearing in the lower cell are withdrawn by the electrodes in the cell.    USE - Solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The solar battery has the most suitable thickness in terms of photoelectric efficiency, and reduced carrier recombination loss.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the solar battery.    upper cell (12)    lower cell (14)    upper electrode (18)    cathodes (26)    anodes (28)
NOVELTY - The predetermined distance between two points of a body to be measured, based on the computed difference between the initial distance of a laser beam (6) from one end of the body and the detected final distance between the laser beam and the second point of the body.    USE - Measuring predetermined dimension of radial blades e.g. turbine rotor. Applicable in the manufacture of turbine rotor.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures accurate detection of several points of the measurement body of turbine rotor, thus enabling precise measurement of the dimension of the turbine rotor. Utilizes commercially available components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Laser beam is irradiated from a laser source (5) to a predetermined direction orthogonal to the measurement direction. The initial distance of the laser beam along the measurement direction from the second point of the measurement body is measured. An optical image generated by the partial interference of the laser beam, which is detected on the surface portion of the measurement body. The movement of the measurement body is stopped when a measurement signal correlated with the detected optical image reaches a predetermined threshold value.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an optical measuring device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the optical measuring device explaining the dimensional measurement of a turbine rotor.    Laser source (5)    Laser beam (6)
NOVELTY - The prime mover uses a large canoe shaped floating tank (10) which has an open bottom and contains air. Hydroplanes (22) protrude from the sides at the points of maximum water velocity. A support column (16) is anchored to the sea or river bed (18) and the tank is able to slide up and down the column. The water current (26) causes the tank to move up and down depending on the inclination of the hydroplanes, and the tank oscillates (32) to alternately compress and decompress the air in the tank. Air (30) is expelled from the tank through ducts containing turbines that drive electricity generators    USE - Generation of electrical power    ADVANTAGE - Does not require large and expensive gear boxes    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a method of extracting power from moving water    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Perspective view of power generation apparatus    Air tank (10)    Column (16)    River bed (18)    Hydroplanes (22)    Current (26)    Air flow (30)    Tank movement (32)
NOVELTY - Apparatus includes a processor determining a measurement of the light interaction, reflected or strobed, of the light from the light source (32) with light interaction members. It determines correlation between the measurement and one or more exercise characteristics. A computer is in communication with the processor. A display displays the information derived from the measurement for the user.    USE - For providing an exercise apparatus with tracking facilities.    ADVANTAGE - Determines a movement related exercise measurement and calculates for the user an exercise force from a predetermined resistance of the exercise apparatus and the exercise measurement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a simplified pictorial illustration of the components of the exercise tracking system.    the light source (32)
NOVELTY - Two signals from first and second mercury cadmium telluride detectors operating at different wavelengths are compared    USE - To provide an indication of the relative amounts of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, or relative amounts of carbon dioxide and water vapor, in a gasoline or natural gas flame (claimed), to signal hazardous conditions and for the control of manufacturing processes.    ADVANTAGE - The cost is greatly reduced compared to known systems as cryogenic cooling equipment is unnecessary, and standard semiconductor device fabrication techniques can be used. The device also has greater signal to noise ratio than pyroelectric flame detectors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Filtered radiation below a first wavelength is fed to a first mercury cadmium telluride (HgCdTe) detector film where radiation below a second wavelength is adsorbed so that an electrical characteristic of the first detector which is a function of the radiation between the two wavelengths is determined. Radiation below a third wavelength is filtered out and fed to a second HgCdTe detector film where radiation below a fourth wavelength is adsorbed so that an electrical characteristic of the second detector which is a function of the radiation between the third and fourth wavelengths is determined. The two signals are then compared. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a sensor    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a composite detector for a gasoline fire.
NOVELTY - The current level of the operating parameter of the power generation facility is sensed and a parameter signal is generated. The sensed parameter signal is compared with predetermined reference signal to determine the parameter difference signal. The economic cost factor is applied to the parameter difference signal to generate economic cost estimate value.    USE - For regulating operation of hydroelectric power production facilities e.g. kalpan type turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Allows plant management to address particular facets of operation, independently as the cost influence of various operating parameters are isolated. Provides realistic and continuous estimate of costs associated with operation at less than optimal or desired conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The predetermined reference signal represents the desired operating level for the parameter. The economic cost estimate value represents the economic cost of operation of the facility at the current level of operation of the operating parameter, compare to the desired operating level. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the system for determining economic impact of operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system for determining cost estimate of facility operating parameters.
NOVELTY - The portable memory module (103) with an EEPROM stores exercise program sequence which includes several exercise programs. Further, program identifiers are stored corresponding to each exercise programs for controlling the operation of particular type of exercise device.    USE - For storing exercise programs for microprocessor controlled exercise device e.g. stair climber, stationary bicycle, treadmill, weight machine.    ADVANTAGE - Exerciser can select program from large variety of exercise programs, without increasing the size of on-board memory of exercise apparatus. Exerciser's fitness level increases and hence specific training goals are attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of microprocessor controlled exercise device.    Portable memory module (103)
NOVELTY - The operating point of PIN photodiode (10) is set near zero volt in the non-linear portion of current-voltage characteristic by the input electrical signal. The photodiode performs strong modulation with modulated bias light according to electrical signal at the input of ambient light modulator (5), and frequency mixed signal is obtained.    USE -   For electrical signal frequency mixer.    ADVANTAGE -   Circuit is small and simplified because there is no need of direct flow bias voltage and large scale filter for isolation. Efficiency is improved by changing illumination of bias light. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the frequency mixer with PIN type photodiode. (5) Ambient light modulator; (10) PIN type photodiode.
NOVELTY - Electrical signals output from signal generators (21,22), are synthesized by a synthesizer (23) and are then passed to a photodiode (10). The photodiode has a non-linear current-voltage characteristic.    USE -   For electrical signal.    ADVANTAGE -   Since direct flow bias voltage is not impressed, avoids need for large scale filter for isolating electrical signals. Since the bias voltage is adjusted, signal of desired frequency is obtained, thereby enhancing mixing operation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of frequency mixing device. (10) Photodiode; (21,22) Signal generators; (23) Synthesizer.
NOVELTY - Gaseous phase etching is done after which the photoelectric layer conversion surface is not exposed to atmosphere. A p-type semiconductor layer (106) is then formed on the photoelectric conversion layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thin silicon oxide film (116) is formed by oxidizing the n-type crystal silicon layer surface (104) using plasma. The crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion layer (105) formed on the oxide film (116), is exposed to air.    USE -   For solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the gaseous phase etching of the photoelectric conversion layer surface was performed before the formation of p-type semiconductor layer, an inexpensive silicon group thin film photoelectric converter can be manufactured efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the model perspective diagram explaining the manufacturing method of the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit for the thin film photoelectric conversion apparatus. (104) n-type crystal silicon layer surface; (105) Crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion layer; (106) P-type semiconductor layer; (116) Thin silicon oxide film.
NOVELTY - The short circuit photoelectric current in a component element of pin junction having fine crystal semiconductor in I layer is smaller than that of pin junction having amorphous semiconductor in I layer.    USE -   For limiting current in solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces changes in photoelectric conversion efficiency by prolonged photo-irradiation by using amorphous semiconductor in I layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the layer structure of lamination type photovoltaic cell.
NOVELTY - Rotating plate has four rotators (2) with central point (P) attached to a rotation transmitting shaft (1) which is provided orthogonal to fluid flow direction. Fluid receiving plate (3) which falls when rotator rotates in reverse direction, is attached to rotator with a stand-up and fall-down revolving shaft (4). A weight balancer is provided on the reverse side of the receiving plate.    USE -   For generating electricity from fluid energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables generating electricity cheaply from fluid energy without generating air pollution. The arrangement prevents air pollution and does not pollute the environment because of direct turning effort of the flow of fluid or wind being utilized. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic drawing of the framework-like rotator. (1) Rotation transmitting shaft; (2) Rotator; (3) Fluid receiving plate; (4) Stand-up and fall-down revolving plate; (P) Central point.
NOVELTY - A crack generated in curdled cast (3) is detected by acoustic emission method and the position detected is filled with a coagulate silicon (2) which is dissolved above the cast in a casting mold (1).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for silicon cast manufacturing apparatus. An elastic wave sensor (12) detect the crack in the cast, a calculating device (14) calculates the generating position based on the elastic wave and a heat regulating device (16) maintains the dissolution of the cast. Based on the calculations of the elastic wave, heat is transferred from the upper portion of the silicon cast.    USE -   The polycrystalline silicon cast is used for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Silicon substrates without any cracks are obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of silicon cast manufacturing apparatus. (1) Casting mold; (2) Silicon coagulate; (3) Cast; (12) Elastic wave sensor; (14) Calculating device; (16) Heat regulating device.
NOVELTY - A strip (4) has one end (5) joined to edge (1A) of solar battery (1) and a projection (6) which projects to exterior edge of solar battery. The inner side of strip has a serrated notch (9) which coincides with corner (1B) of battery.    USE -   For attaching solar battery in roof of motor cars.    ADVANTAGE -   The structure enables simple and speedy attachment as projections extends towards exterior edge of solar battery. The structure enables reducing the wind cut-off sound. The structure enables performing attachment of solar battery roof upper surface of car at any time without doing a special process. The structure enables reducing air resistance reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory sectional view of strip shaped attachment structure. (1) Solar battery; (1A) Edge; (1B) Corner; (4) Strip; (5) End; (6) Projection; (9) Serrated notch.
NOVELTY - Each of the filter elements of Red Green Blue constituting the color filter is formed by a stacked structure of the associated two of Yellow, Cyan, or Magenta filter layers each of which is smaller in absorption of visible light than a single layer of one of RGB, and can be made from a resist containing a lower amount of pigment. Even if using a positive photoresist each of the filter elements of RGB can be patterned with the exposure amount set at a practical value because of the reduction ratio of the sensitivity of each color resist due to addition of the pigment becomes small.    USE - Color filters for charge coupled devices and liquid crystal displays.    ADVANTAGE - The color filer gives improved resolution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The color filter comprising a filter element of a first color formed by stacking a filter layer of a second color and a filter layer of a third color to each other. INDEPENDENT CLAIM - Also included is a solid state imaging device comprising; (a) Number of light receiving sensor portions for photoelectric conversion in the surface of a substrate. (b) Claimed color filter provided correspondingly to the light sensors. Also a method of forming the color filter by forming the filter elements in sequence.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows color pigments and a color filter    silicon substrate (1)    sensor portions (2)    oxide film (3)    vertical transfer electrodes (4)    light shield films (5)    interlayer insulating film (6)    yellow filter layer (7)    cyan filter layer (8)    magenta filter layer (9)    red filter element (10)    green filter element (11)    blue filter element (12)
NOVELTY - The machine has a drive, a signal reflection distance measurement system (2) and a drive speed regulation system. The method involves evaluating the reflection signals in a defined anticipation range (4-7) and determining the user's position by successively excluding individual measurement values using plausibility criteria. The determined values are used to control the drive.    USE - For operating a regulated running machine.    ADVANTAGE - Natural motion is simulated with a powered running machine, especially for a runner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a running machine operated using the method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a running machine    running belt (1)    distance measurement system (2)    user zones (4-7)
NOVELTY - Photosensitizer for solar technical applications consists of an organic dye (I) with chemical composition and optical and electronic properties very similar to those of other organic dyes (II). The novelty is that (I) is present as highly pure substance, which can be identified by analysis and also produced by preparative separation from (II) by high power liquid chromatography (HPLC).    USE - The photosensitizer is especially useful in cells.    ADVANTAGE - The use of very pure (I) ensures high and reproducible efficiency of solar cells. The separation process ensures fast, simple, reliable and reproducible protection of highly pure photosensitizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (a) the preparation of (I); and (b) the apparatus used.
NOVELTY - A commutation switch (500) selectively connects the power source to the motor (300) and conducts switch current, when switched to ON state. A current sensing resistor connected to the commutation switch generates a switch current signal, based on which a threshold detector generates a safety shutdown signal to turn OFF the thyristor (200) when the switch current is above threshold level.    USE - For treadmill to provide safety for both user and machine.    ADVANTAGE - Safety shutdown circuit functions independently of impedance of motor installed and senses current flowing through commutation control switch thus reliable safety shutdown circuit is provided. Requires no redesign of existing circuit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Thyristor operates in two modes to connect and disconnect the motor from power supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of safety shutdown circuit.    Thyristor (200)    Motor (300)    Commutation switch (500)
NOVELTY - The wire (7) is coated with an insulated cross linking fluororesin (9). The wire connects main component of the solar cell (1) with contact material (3) and outer coverings (5,6).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell manufacturing method.    USE -   For solar cell manufacturing.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves heat and pressure resistance of wire, as wire is coated with fluororesin, thus preventing degradation of flexible wire.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of manufacturing method of solar cell. (1) Solar cell; (3)Contact material; (5,6) Outer coverings; (7) Wire; (9) Fluororesin.
NOVELTY - Several photovoltaic cells of different characteristic attributes are combined to form photovoltaic cell module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar battery module.    USE -   Used to convert solar energy to direct electric power.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces variation in characteristic attribute of photovoltaic cell module, thereby improving yield. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of the photovoltaic cell module.
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic cell consists of two types of collector electrodes having flat light incidence surfaces with different mean value of resistance per unit length. One electrode has cross unit along the direction of another electrode having small mean value of resistance per unit length. The positional dependence is given by maximum operating voltage.    USE -   In solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the cross unit is along direction of collector electrode having small mean value of resistance, maximum operating voltage can be reduced towards cross unit without reducing conversion efficiency. Enables high operating voltage for solar battery module.
NOVELTY - A layer of single crystal semiconductor which functions as photovoltaic cell is formed on a substrate. Above the layer, a transparent electrode (301) is formed. The layer with electrode can be removed from that substrate and joined to another substrate.    USE -   For manufacturing solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the layer above substrate can be changed, the substrate can be reused a number of times. Improves yield and photoelectric conversion efficiently. Good quality thin solar panel of large area can be produced cheaply as the necessity of using additional substrate is avoided. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of solar battery. (301) Transparent electrode.
NOVELTY - A guide vane (30) with a predetermined cross-section and detachably held by a casing (11), forms a path (Z) surrounding the perimeter of an impeller inside a vortex chamber (13) of the casing. A space is distributed in the peripheral direction of the casing. A main shaft (22) is attached to the impeller, to rotatably support the impeller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a water turbine.    USE -   For water turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not require changing of casing when centrifugal pump is used as water turbine. Increases productivity and economical efficiency of centrifugal pump. Uses effective guide vane. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a centrifugal pump. (11) Casing; (13) Vortex chamber; (22) Main shaft; (30) Guide vane; (Z) Path.
NOVELTY - The energy storage system uses stones (2) positioned below a glass plate for heating via incident solar radiation and an associated photovoltaic-operated air circulation device (7) for storage of heat in an underground heat store and circulation of the stored heat to a thermally active wall system within the interior of the building.    USE - The energy storage system is used for solar-powered heating and air-conditioning of a building.    ADVANTAGE - The heating and air-conditioning has a minimum environmental impact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a solar-powered heating and air-conditioning system.    Stones (2)    Air-circulation device (7)
NOVELTY - The energy recovery device uses electrical generators for replacing the resistance weights for the sports training apparatus, allowing the force provided by the user to be converted into electrical energy, used for charging a storage battery.    USE - The energy recovery device can be used with an exercise bicycle, weights lifting apparatus etc. for providing electrical energy in the home or in a sports center.    ADVANTAGE - The energy recovery device allows use of existing sports training apparatus for environmentally-friendly energy generation.
NOVELTY - A pedaling exercise equipment (10) consists a pair of sprockets (12) with shafts mounted on a frame (11). Pedals are connected to the sprockets through the cranks which consists of L-shaped legs connected to the shaft by bolts and rotate with same angular velocity and acceleration. The cranks are arranged such that the pedals remain in horizontal position.    USE - For pedaling exercise.    ADVANTAGE - Comfortable and easy to operate while in standing position. Facilitates both manual operation by user and automatic operation by motor. Adjustable for different user heights, arm lengths, stance widths and overall leg motion as handle is set adjustable. Collapsible into more compact configuration and have wheel attachments for easy relocation. Allows for overall lower body workout when compared to conventional pedaling exercise devices.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The angle of orientation and the distance between the pivot axis of both the legs are equal which make the pedals to rotate with same angular velocity and acceleration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of the pedaling exercise apparatus.    Pedaling exercise apparatus (10)    Frame (11)    Ranks (12)
NOVELTY - The handheld device comprises a controller which prompts the user to input data about the exercise, i.e. a weight and number of lifts. The data are retrievably stored in a memory. An exercise set consisting of a given number of lifts of a particular weight can be defined, such that the user need only input the number of such sets completed.    USE - For monitoring the progress of a person performing regular weightlifting exercise.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a more consistent method for keeping track of weightlifting exercise than conventional methods based on writing down the parameters of the exercise as they are performed. In addition, the device is less likely to be lost or damaged than paper records.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following: The method of tracking weightlifting exercise.
NOVELTY - A light emitting diode (LED) consisting of a III- V group compound semiconductor and a solar battery element are formed on a same silicon substrate.    USE -   For traffic signals utilizing non-conversional energy source.    ADVANTAGE -   The power developer in the solar battery is directly fed to the LED internally, without requiring external source, which promotes energy conservation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the element structure of photoelectric conversion type light emitting device.
An n-type semiconductor layer and a p-type semiconductor layer are laminated and further, a transparent electrode layer is laminated on the n-type semiconductor layer side, and a metallic electrode layer is laminated on the p-type semiconductor layer side to form a composite laminate. Light input from the transparent electrode layer side is converted into a current by the n-type and p-type semiconductor layers and the metallic electrode layer is functions as an anode and the transparent electrode layer is functioned as a negative electrode. In a so formed solar cell, a composite oxide layer represented by a composition formula of (Ti1- x Fex ) Oy, (where x = 0.02 - 0.35 atom ratio and y = 1.5 - 2.0 atom ratio), and having an amorphous texture is incorporated and laminated in an average layer thickness of 0.1 - 5. micron to provide an electricity storage power.    ADVANTAGE -   Various apparatus are reduced in size and weight.
NOVELTY - Light of identical wavelength is used for transmission and receiving. The optical fiber (62) is provided linearly on a mount (66). A receiving element PD (64) of half permeability type absorbs portion of incident light and performs permeability of the remaining light.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: optical transmitting and receiving module; and optical receiving module manufacturing method    USE -   The module is used for bidirectional communication in telephone, facsimile.    ADVANTAGE -   Wavelength splitter is not necessary because optical fiber PD is of linear structure. Module has fewer parts and is low in cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of optical transmitting and receiving module. (62) Optical fiber; (64) PD; (66) Mount.
NOVELTY - A light source transmits light to a substation. The light is passed through optical fiber which transmits optical power and is received back via another optical fiber accommodated in the same cable. The existence of abnormality of light which returned to the mainbody is detected. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for optical power feeder.    USE -   In optical power feeder, which transmits electric power by converting electric energy to optical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Detects abnormality of optical power to mobile unit without using an electric circuit and the stoppage of laser is done safely. Thus, size reduction of substation is achieved and failure occurrence is suppressed, and power consumption is also reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the optical power feeder.
NOVELTY - A portion of a stay vane (4) which is to be replaced and a corresponding portion of a stay ring (3) are removed by cutting. A gusset plate (31a,31b) is inserted and fixed into a stay vane space formed by the cutting operation. The gusset plate is tightened to the stay ring with a bolt (34). The stay vane and gusset plate are joined by butt welding.    USE -   For stay vane of water turbine used for electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses heat shrinking and residual stress, thus high endurance of stay vane can be maintained. Reduces spot welding operations and number of repair men, thus repair operation is simplified. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory sectional view of a stay vane repairing method. (3) Stay ring; (4) Stay vane; (31a,31b) Gusset plate; (34) Bolt.
NOVELTY - The solar array comprises a number of cells (12) separated by gaps (23). Kapton (RTM) insulation (20) adhesive is present between the conductive substrate and the cells and also between the gaps of cells, including part insulation of greater than 10 mm between series connected cells. Exposed surfaces of the solar cells are covered with glass. A spiral interconnection pattern, with diode protection from reverse current, is used to wire the array.    USE - The solar array is used for spacecraft e.g. satellite in geosynchronous orbit.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cells are less susceptible to damage from discharge and also power output loss is minimized due to protection diodes, prohibiting reverse current through a shorted cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the use of an insulating barrier between cells.    solar cells (12)    insulating barrier (20)    gaps (23)
NOVELTY - A light collecting body has a solar energy collecting surface (11) oriented for receiving solar energy in a nominal direction defining a nominal light source direction. Uses panels (12) spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the nominal light source direction and each has an active surface oriented on the body at an angle less than 90 degrees relative to the source direction.    USE - For providing high efficiency photovoltaic cells by using solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - Solar energy is enhanced and redirected onto solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The light collecting body is transmissive for redirecting light received on the collecting surface onto the panel active surfaces.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar module.    The photovoltaic panels (5)    The solar energy collector (11)    Panels (12)
NOVELTY - A fire-proof supporting plate (1) has a mounting surface (1a) and side wall sections (1b). The solar panel (2) with air voids (2c) is mounted on the plate. Intermediate frame (3) with projecting eaves is provided between plate and solar panel.    USE -   For roof mounted solar panel installed in buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Backside portion of a solar battery is cooled by providing air void. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of integrated solar panel. (1) Fire-proof supporting plate; (1a) Mounting surface; (1b) Side wall section; (2) Solar panel; (3) Intermediate frame.
NOVELTY - The cement tile (1) is obtained by performing carbonation process of cement hardened body.    USE -   For mounting solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Corrosion of glass surface of solar battery is prevented by using the cement tile, thereby durability of solar battery is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the roofing tile with solar battery. (1) Cement tile.
NOVELTY - When electric current is passed into the electrometric analysis bath (1001) containing a board (1002) and electrode, an oxide film is formed on the board and acts as a dielectric material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the electrometric analysis apparatus.    USE -   For manufacturing photoelectric cell of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Film is formed uniformly on the board by electrometric analysis.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The diagram shows the outline of electrometric analysis tank. (1001) Electrometric analysis bath; (1002) Board.
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic power generating system includes several strings connected in parallel. The strings comprise several solar cell modules connected in series. The solar cell array may generate heat with the aid of an external power source. A current switch is individually switchable for each string. A control unit individually controls the current switches. A current is applied to each string in sequence so that heat is generated.    USE - For generating power using photovoltaic cells, and also for generating heat as e.g. a snow melting device.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the solar cell array from being heated non-uniformly. Operates correctly even if one solar cell string is defective. Reduces the size of the inverter needed to drive the heater.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the photovoltaic power generating system.
NOVELTY - Emergency system separator (5) separates the usual usage electric system (10) from the emergency use electric system (4), during the failure of usual usage electric system. The emergency connector (6) connects the output of solar battery (1) to storage battery (21) of UPS (2).    USE -   For supplying power using solar battery when commercial electric power system fails at the time of disaster such as earthquake.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides long time backup for emergency load as the output is changed by both emergency generators solar battery. When UPS is being changed by solar battery the fuel of generator is replenished. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the component of the solar power generator system. (1) Solar battery; (2) UPS; (4) Emergency system; (5) Emergency system separator; (6) Emergency connector; (10) Commercial electric power; (21) Storage battery.
NOVELTY - Underneath the runner case (19), a discharge pipe (20) is connected. The by-pass pipe (28) is bypassed from discharge pipe through a small-size electricity generation water turbine (23) from a conduit (12). A compressor pressurizes air and stores it in air tank.    USE -   In hydroelectric power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   By the use of small sized electricity generation water turbine, the frequency of energy conversion reduces and the loss of energy by conversion of energy is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the hydroelectric power generator. (12) Conduit; (19) Runner case; (20) Discharge pipe; (23) Small-size electricity generation water turbine; (28) By-pass pipe.
NOVELTY - Connection piece on rear side of solar battery module (4) is inserted into opening of support rail (2). The connection piece is clamped within the opening using a constraint unit with connection accepting section.    USE -   For fixing solar battery module on roof of building for solar water heater.    ADVANTAGE -   The fixing structure excels in versatility, workability and reliability. Since excessive stress in solar battery module is prevented and firm fixing of lighting element is enabled. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective diagram of construction of roof panel. (2) Support rail; (4) Solar battery module.
NOVELTY - An underground water storage tank (3) is provided near a water source such as river, lake etc, on the underground of a building (2) using a portion of underground structure. A channel (4) for washing down the water from the water source to the underground tank is provided and an electrical power generation device (5) is installed in the channel.    USE -   For generating power from a drain water at the time of peak loads.    ADVANTAGE -   Neither a dam storage reservoir nor artificial lake is required. Although electrical generation capacity is small initial investment is low. Terrestrial scene is not changed. The pondage is increased by increasing the depth of water storage tank deep and narrow sites are usable for the installation. Portion of the structure of a building and underground storage tank are shared and effective usage of site is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the drain water electrical generation system. (2) Building; (3) Underground water storage tank; (4) Channel; (5) Electrical power generation device.
NOVELTY - A roller (1000) contacting a long rectangular sheet on which oxide film is to be deposited serves as float potential or independent potential.    USE -   For depositing uniform oxide layer on a long rectangular board or a web, hoop, coil, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the roller which contacts the long rectangular board acts as an independent potential, unevenness in the thickness of zinc oxide film is not generated. Hence a uniform oxide film gives a solar battery with uniform characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the composition of making a roller in float potential. (1000) Roller.
NOVELTY - The metallic element which encourages crystallisation of silicon gas is introduced into reaction chamber (101). Then, fine crystal silicon film is formed by plasma crystal vapor deposition (CVD).    USE -   For solar battery and thin film transistor manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   As metallic element enhancing crystallisation of silicon gas is used, the film forming velocity is made quick and quality is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plasma CVD apparatus. (101) Reaction chamber.
NOVELTY - A flexible substrate (S) is conveyed parallel to the flat surface of a heater (H) provided in a film forming chamber (V). A thin film is formed on a film forming area of substrate by sputtering of sputter electrodes (Eh,Ee) installed opposite to the heater. Before conveyance of the substrate parallel to the heater (H), a preheater (Rh) heats the substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin film forming apparatus.    USE -   Used in manufacture of electrode for thin film solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves dependability of the product and manufacturing yield. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional drawing of thin film forming apparatus. (Eh,Ee) Sputter electrodes; (H) Heater; (Rh) Preheater; (S)Substrate; (V) Film forming chamber.
NOVELTY - An apparatus comprises a platform (2) formed from precast concrete sections and having internal voids (4) to provide buoyancy. Guide legs or anchoring columns (8) made from concrete or steel and secured to the concrete footings (10), are situated near each corner of the platform. The guide legs are arranged to be slidable through the bore (6) enabling the platform to move up and down with the tidal level.    USE - Can be used to convert tidal movement into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - There are fewer constraints and environmental considerations upon the positioning of the platform, which does not need to be anchored to the shore and therefore can be placed at any location where there is a suitable tidal range. The platforms can be constructed on a very large scale and are capable of generating very large amounts of electricity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - As the buoyant platform rises with the tide, the driving arm (32) moves the end (26a) of the lever arm (26) upwards such that the other end (26b) pivots downwards about the fulcrum point (28). The movement of the lever arm is translated through the two connecting arms (22,24) to the eccentric rotational driving shaft to rotate. The relative slow rotation of the driving shaft (20) is amplified through a train of gears to drive the electricity generator (16). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of generating electrical energy from the tidal movement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional elevation through part of the apparatus.    Buoyancy platform (2)    Internal voids (4)    Guide legs (8)    Concrete footings (10)    Electricity generator (16)    Drive shaft (20)    Connecting arms (22,24)    Lever arm and ends (26,26a,26b)    Fulcrum point (28)    Driving arm (32)
NOVELTY - The branch conductive layer (4) has carrier collection portion (4a) which collects carriers generated during incident of light. The layer (4) is connected to main conductive layers (5) via connection (4b) of constriction shape having width narrower than carrier collection portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In the main surface of the substrate (2) signal extraction layers (5) are provided. Main conductive layer (3) is connected with layer (5), and branch conductive layer (4) is connected to main conductive layer.    USE -   For optical position detection.    ADVANTAGE -   Carrier generated due to incident light is efficiently collected by carrier collection portion and space between connections of branch conductive layer is enlarged by making connection smaller than carrier collection portion. The resistance divide of output signal is performed accurately, thereby position of incident light is accurately detectable, and signal to noise ratio is raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of semiconductor device. (2) Substrate; (3) Main conductive layer; (4)Branch conductive layer; (4a) Carrier collection portion; (4b) Connection; (5) Signal extraction layer.
NOVELTY - The photoelectric conversion unit (1u) is held over the flat surface of adsorption table (32t). Heat bonding of protective film (12) is performed by rolling the heat roll (22k) made of elastic surface (22g) on one side with the photoelectric conversion unit (1u) flat surface made of rigid body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photoelectric conversion module manufacturing apparatus.    USE -   In photoelectric conversion module manufacture for optoelectric transducers such as solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Even if there is non-uniformity in base material thickness, welding pressure and temperature are stabilized and uniform bonding is performed, thereby improving manufacturing yield and reliability of photoelectric conversion module. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows photoelectric conversion module manufacturing apparatus and partially enlarged diagram of adsorption table along with heat roller. (1u) Photoelectric conversion unit; (12) Protective film; (22g) Elastic surface; (22k) Heat roll; (32t) Adsorption table.
NOVELTY - The impurity concentration on the contact portion of a multiple well layer and two different conductivity type semiconductor layers is reduced and increased, gradually along the thickness direction respectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Semiconductor layers of different conductivity type, and a multiple well layer are sequentially laminated on a semiconductor substrate. A barrier layer with a band gap and a well layer with a band gap smaller than that of barrier layer, are formed on the multiple well layer.    USE -   In the well layer of a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents carrier recombination in the multiplex quantum well layer, thus series resistance of the multiplex well layer is improved and output characteristic of the solar battery is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows impurity doping in the well layer of a solar battery.
NOVELTY - A lower electrode (2), optical electricity generation layer and an upper electrode are arranged sequentially on each cell element area of glass substrate. The electricity generation layer and upper electrode are shaped smaller than lower electrode whose periphery is shaped in the form of protrusions (3) to guide incident light to lower electrode.    USE -   In power generation using solar energy.    ADVANTAGE -   The protrusions at the periphery of upper electrode efficiently guides the incident light to lower electrode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a top view diagram of solar battery element. (2) Lower electrode; (3) Protrusions.
NOVELTY - A transparent thin film (1) is formed on the periphery of an amorphous silicon layer (4), a metal electrode layer (5) and a transparent electrode (3). The electrode provided with the silicon and the electrode layers is formed on the transparent electrode.    USE -   For enhancing photoelectric conversion efficiency of amorphous silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Utilization efficiency of incident light is enhanced which in-turn increases electric power and raises freedom on the design at the time of using a solar battery by forming transparent film appropriately on periphery of transparent electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of amorphous silicon solar battery. (1) Transparent thin film; (3) Transparent electrode; (4) Amorphous silicon layer; (5) Metal electrode layer.
NOVELTY - A pair of electrodes (61,81) of different polarities are formed on the lower portion of an optical electricity generating element (1). The optical generating element is inserted in a guide hole (4) formed on the wiring board (3) so that the electrodes are respectively connected with the wirings (6,8) on the board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of the optical electricity generation module.    USE -   For micro condensing type solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the electrodes are suitably connected with the wirings, reliability of the product is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of optical electricity generation module. (1) Optical electricity generating element; (3) Wiring board; (4) Guide hole; (6,8) Wirings; (61,81) Electrodes.
NOVELTY - Several solar battery cells (3) are arranged on a suit (2) which a person wears. The solar battery cells are serially connected to electricity generation unit (4) of predetermined capacitance, provided in the suit.    USE -   For portable electronic machines.    ADVANTAGE -   Exchange of battery is not required. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front elevation of the portable solar battery. (2) Suit; (3) Battery cells; (4) Electricity generation unit.
NOVELTY - Current multiplication transformers (2,3) are connected to ends of PIN photodiode (1) which receives light signal. The output of transformers are made in phase and are synthesized by synthesizer (6). Hence upper gain is increased and noise characteristics is improved.    USE -   For optical sub-carrier multiplexing transmission system for cable TV.    ADVANTAGE -   Due to synthesizing, signal gets doubled and hence noise component is not increased and carrier to noise ratio is increased. Thus light transmitting distance is also extended suitably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit diagram of opto-electric converter. (1) PIN photodiode; (2,3) Transformers; (6) Synthesizer.
NOVELTY - The cover glass which covers light receiving surface of solar battery module includes glasses (1) of two sheets laminated on both sides of resin (2) at different levels, and is bonded with flexible substrate.    USE -   For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Since cover glass is installed in the structure, the proportion of damage is reduced and penetration of rain water or dust can be prevented. Enables protection from ultraviolet and infrared rays and mechanical strength is made comparatively high. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structural drawing of cover glass for solar battery module. (1) Glass; (2) Resin.
NOVELTY - When the voltage of a storage battery (2) exceeds a predetermined voltage, the stop command signal (14) stops an invertor and a voltage control circuit (11) monitors and stops the electric feed to a load (4). The over discharge protective circuit stops the discharge when a discharge termination level is exceeded.    USE -   In solar power generation system for disaster prevention.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevention of disaster since the storage battery used in solar power generation system can be protected from over voltage and over discharge. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an example of a solar power generation system. (2) Storage battery; (4) Load; (11) Voltage control circuit; (14) Stop command signal.
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic cell (101) sealed with reinforcing material (107) by resin, has output terminals (108) inclined identically. The terminals which are not configured on identical flat surface at non-light receiving surface side, and has box-shaped part filled with filler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: manufacturing method of solar battery module; application method of solar battery module; solar battery electricity generation system    USE -   In solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Operativity of injection of sticking-on of output terminal and filler can be raised. Maintains sufficient waterproofness. Output terminal does not contact roof lining board even when a spacer is not provided during roof construction. Prevents wiring mistake of cable wiring during roof construction. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view and sectional view of light receiving surface side and its back side of solar battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (107) Reinforcing material; (108) Output terminal.
NOVELTY - A lead wire (9) is provided along the lengthwise direction of a copper laminated bus bar of a surface electrode. The solar battery elements are connected to the bus bar by the lead wire.    USE -   In solar battery apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   F.F and output characteristics are improved since a resistance loss is reduced, by connecting solar battery elements to the copper laminate by a lead wire. Thermal expansion due to welding of the lead wire which connects the copper laminated bus bar of a surface elevation by several places is reduced and curvature of cell is made small. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows solar battery apparatus. (9) Lead wire.
NOVELTY - Uneven-shaped structures are formed on the board (27) and also on the surface and rear of the semiconductor thin film provided on the board. The uneven-shaped structures are formed by tracing the uneven shape and growing them on semiconductor thin film, subsequently.    USE -   For manufacture of a photoelectric conversion element, e.g. solar battery or optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Since uneven-shaped structures are formed on the surface and rear of the semiconductor thin film, the necessity for lithography several times is reduced due to which manufacturing cost is reduced. Since the semiconductor film is thin, consumption of raw material is less.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the production of a solar battery. (27) Board.
NOVELTY - A flexible substrate of the photovoltaic cell (101) has deformable area on at least one portion of it. The value of distortion formed in this area is below the crack initiation critical value of photovoltaic cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: manufacturing method of solar battery module; application method of solar battery module; solar power generation system    USE -   In solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Since variation area which photovoltaic cell can deform accordingly becomes clear below crack-initiation critical value, the product development speed of variety of battery modules is improved greatly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top and sectional views of solar battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell.
NOVELTY - A surface electrode (8) is formed by applying and printing electrode material on a phosphorus glass layer (4) generated when N-layers (2) are formed on one main surface side of the P-type silicon substrate. A back side electrode (11) is formed on the other main surface side.    USE -   For solar battery element manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the surface electrode is formed without destroying N layers, current leakage is reduced and curvilinear factor and opening voltage are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacture of the solar battery element. (2) N layer; (4) Phosphorus glass layer; (8) Surface electrode; (11) Back side electrode.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen content in the metallic film (2) near the contact surface with a thin film polycrystal silicon semiconductor layer (3) is increased compared to other parts. The contact surface or boundary surface is the field region of n-(p-) layer and p+(n+) layer or the i-type semiconductor layer.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces defects near boundary surface by increasing hydrogen content. Increases opening voltage of the solar battery. Has good photoelectric conversion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar battery. (2) Metallic film; (3) Polycrystal silicon semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - A first metallic layer (9) is embedded within light receiving element of receiver (21), and on signal processing circuit (22). A shading corrosion resistive metallic layer (14) is formed over the signal processing layer and anti- reflective coating is formed on area (9a) of first metallic layer on light receiving element.    USE -   For optical pick-up, remote control.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents permeation of stray light into signal processing circuit, thereby enhancing reliability of light receiving element. Eliminates need for formation of protective film onto shading metallic layer, thereby reducing cost of circuit. Prevents penetration of light into signal processing circuit through side wall of light receiving element as the side walls are coated with metallic layer. Prevents change in thickness of anti-reflective coating as it is covered by protective layer during formation of metallic layer thereby sensitivity and reliability of light receiving element is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of light receiving element and signal processing circuit. (9) Metallic layer; (9a) Area; (14) Shading metallic layer; (21) Light receiver; (22) Signal processing circuit.
NOVELTY - The conductive paste consists of silver powder, glass powder, an organic carrier and an organic solvent as principal components, to which silver chloride is added.    USE -   The conductive paste is used in manufacture of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Though the dependence of the contact resistance opposing to antireflective coating is small and has a low contact resistance, the conductive paste suitable with heat resistance is provided. The examination of electrode formation corresponding to anti-reflective coating becomes unnecessary.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the section of the solar battery.
NOVELTY - A minute crack (101) on an upper layer (105) in a multilayered body is actualized by a solution which dissolves the substratum (104) by seeping through an existing crack. This results in the formation of a black belt which makes the crack detectable.    USE -   To check for minute cracks on a multilayered body like a solar battery module or a printed circuit board.    ADVANTAGE -   Even very minute crack can be observed using an electron microscope or magnifier, as the crack is made easily detectable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of the multilayered body and the model diagram of the actualized crack. (101) Minute crack; (104) Substratum; (105) Upper layer.
NOVELTY - The characteristic of analog signal from optical sensor (10) is linear or logarithmic depending on illuminance of incident light. This analog signal is converted to digital using an analog to digital converter (11) which is converted to a predetermined signal whose output characteristic is logarithmic using a characteristic converter (R).    USE -   For automatic operation control of motor-vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Signal processing is performed easily. Raises dynamic range. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of digital signal processor for optical sensor. (10) Optical sensor; (11) Analog to digital converter; (12) Characteristic converter.
NOVELTY - The inverting input terminal of amplifier (2) is connected to anode terminal of avalanche photodiode (1) and the non-inverting terminal is connected to output of reference voltage generator (4). The amplifier converts photoelectric current input from photodiode into voltage signal based on the reference voltage from the reference voltage generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A feedback resistor (3) is connected between output and inverting input terminals of amplifier. The AC signal extraction unit is connected to output terminal of amplifier.    USE -   For avalanche photodiode of optical detection circuit.    ADVANTAGE -   Since it operates within the limits of operating voltage of IC, it is suitable for IC-isation. Temperature compensation with high accuracy is performed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of optical detection circuit. (1) Avalanche photodiode; (2) Amplifier; (3) Feedback resistor; (4) Reference voltage generator.
NOVELTY - The water turbine has a generator (2) enclosed in a cylindrical housing (7) and a turbine (1) mounted directly onto the generator shaft (5). The housing (7) is positioned and supported in a flow conduit by a tubular support shaft (8). The cylindrical housing (7) containing the generator, the tubular support shaft (8), and the turbine, are arranged to be removed as a single piece from the flow conduit through an installation hole (9).    USE - Generation of electricity    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies installation and maintenance of the turbine, turbine and generator can be installed as a unit    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Showing turbine mounted in a flow conduit
NOVELTY - Apparatus has evaluation mechanism with video monitor in communication with controller in communication with sensors associated with apparatus moving part. Motion and position sensors are associated with crank engaged with hub (22) rotating so resistance mass (28) moves in an arc in plane perpendicular to hub's axis of rotation. Crank has a primary shaft parallel with the hub's axis of rotation.    USE - For providing a physical conditioning apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a simple, compact, reliable and inexpensive apparatus for complete physical conditioning, including capabilities for both strength training and aerobic exercise.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the fitness planning and evaluating version of the electromechanical physical conditioning apparatus.    the rotating hub (22)    the resistance mass (28)
NOVELTY - The electrodes (1) which provide the treatment are connected to a pulse generator (2), which supplies electrical pulses whose characteristics are monitored by a central processing unit (CPU) (3). The pulse amplitude is monitored with a peak detector (4), whose output is digitized (5) to be read by the CPU, which, based on the amplitude, controls the pulse generator. The electrodes include temperature sensors (6) whose signals are amplified (7) and digitized (8) for connection to the CPU, which monitors for excess temperature.    USE - Performing rehabilitation exercises.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids burning or reddening of the skin.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the device.    Electrodes (1)    Pulse generator (2)    Central processing unit (3)    Pulse peak detector (4)    Analog to digital converters (5,8)    Temperature sensors (6)    Amplifier (7)
NOVELTY - The rotation is enforced by the strips mounted on roller bearing in the wheel ring. The strips approach in turn the horizontal raceway under the wheel with a lower arm and when lifted upwards, blocked with the upper ratchet enforce together with the upper weights the rotation of the wheel until it lowers onto the raceway where they release the lower ratchet and repeat the operation of lifting that causes the rotary motion of the wheel.    USE - For energy turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces costs of energy production limiting it to cost of building equipment and its maintenance, as sources of earth gravity energy and displacement are free and non exhaustible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an example of design 1 in general view.
NOVELTY - The elongated arm pivotally mounted on the base (12), connects the platform (80) which tilts relative to the base. To the stacks of weights (42,44) connected to the base, a harness (60) is connected. The harness attaches the user's torso and resists twisting motion of the torso.    USE - For exercising spinal column and muscles of torso, abdomen, lumbar and thoracic regions.    ADVANTAGE - As the platform is tiltable, the spine of user bends forward, backward or to one side emphasizing one plane of motion over another and enables the user to rotate the lower body relative to upper body or vice versa. Facilitates motion of muscles in abdominal, lumbar and thoracic region. As the abdominal, lumbar and thoracic muscles are moved on a diagonal or in three dimension, the muscular strength and lumbar or thoracic mobility is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The platform (80) receives the weight bearing portion of the user. The arm is pivotally mounted to a frame which is mounted on the base (12). Torso stabilizer connected to the base and handle (20) attaches user's torso and limits the motion of the torso.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exercising device and torso restrictor.    Base (12)    Handle (20)    Weights (42,44)    Harness (60)    Platform (80)
NOVELTY - A pair of washers are sleeved on the driving shaft (3), between the rotor and bearing. A compression spring (5) is provided between the washers in order to bias the driving shaft end to press against the metal ring plate which is secured to large gear (4120), when drive power of motor (2) is switched OFF.    USE - For electric motor assembly used in exercising machine.    ADVANTAGE - Biasing spring makes drive shaft to press against metal ring plate, thus arrests rotation of large gear coupled to metal ring plate, when drive power of motor is switched OFF. Drive motor creates large torque and when power is switched OFF, torque generated by limited rotation of drive shaft is less to overcome pressure of drive shaft against large gear, thus rotation of driving shaft is stopped immediately.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A motor (2) has a drive shaft which is coupled to speed reducing gears (411,412) of a gear box. The teeth of speed reducing gears are engaged with one another and coupled to large gears of output shaft (413).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial sectional view of electric motor assembly.    Motor (2)    Driving shaft (3)    Compression spring (5)    Gears (411,412)    Output shaft (413)    Large gear (4120)
NOVELTY - Scoreboards (40) for indicating player's hit with rod (18) actuated by motor in the base (12) are provided in each playing zones (20). A sensor determines the position of rod relative to base and the number of rotations of the rod is detected by a counter. Based on the server and counter results, the hitting time is displayed.    USE - For jumping game combined exerciser used in indoor/outdoor for children.    ADVANTAGE - Enables providing both physical and cardiovascular exercises to user, by combining both game and exercising in single assembly. By providing visual display, the game condition of individual player is easily grasped and hence simplifies handling.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The operation of motor is regulated by variable speed controller (32) for varying rotational speed of rod attached to rotary plate. When hitting is judged, rod rotation is stopped and alarm is output. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for playing method of jumping game in combined exerciser.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top perspective view of jumping game combined exerciser.    Base (12)    Rod (18)    Playing zones (20)    Speed controller (32)    Scoreboards (40)
NOVELTY - The user's back presses against a horizontally rotatable movable arm whose movement is resisted by a weight stack. Movement of the arm is transmitted to the stack by a transmission which includes a cam, a pulley belt engaged and movable by the cam and connected to the stack.    USE - For exercising and/or testing lumbar muscles.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved transmission for transmitting movement between the arm and the stack. Reduces manufacturing cost without compromising on safety, reliability and accuracy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lock moves in and out of engagement with retainer which is fixed to the arm. The arm movement is prevented when the lock pin is engaged with the retainer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged side elevation of exercising machine.
NOVELTY - The electricity-generation system-structure boats (1) are made to rest still by the reserving boats (2) provided with throttle plates (3) and anchors (4). A water turbine and a generator is provided in each electricity-generation system-structure boat. The generator is driven according to the rotational energy of the water turbine which is rotated by the tidal power, to generate electricity.    USE -   For generating electricity using tidal power generated by ebbing and flow of tide.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reliable electricity generation without polluting environment. Generates large amount of electricity compared with using fossil fuel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of the electricity-generation system-structure boat and the reserving boat provided with throttle plates and anchors. (1) Electricity-generation system-structure boats; (2) Reserving boats; (3) Throttle plates; (4) Anchors.
NOVELTY - The water supply pipe (18) which has an opening-closing valve (19) is branched from the upstream side of the inlet valve (16) of a penstock (16) that supplies water to the runner chamber of a hydraulic machine. Water is supplied to the bearing in the penstock via the water supply pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The bearing apparatus uses the water in hydraulic machines, such as a water turbine and a pump turbine, as lubricant.    USE -   For hydraulic machine e.g. water turbine and pump turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need to provide water feed pump in bearing apparatus and rapid-filtration apparatus. Simplifies shaft-seal water apparatus by ensuring that bearing slide portion is lubricated. Improves antiwear quality of bearing in water. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the bearing apparatus. (16) Inlet valve; (16) Penstock; (18) Water supply pipe; (19) Opening-closing valve.
NOVELTY - The solar panel (7) is supported by a panel support stand (3) in an inclined manner. Support (4) is attached to edges (3a) of the stand via a hinge. Expandable and contractible damper (5) is attached to edges (3b) via a hinge (6).    USE -   For solar panels which has to withstand strong wind pressure on being installed on building roofs.    ADVANTAGE -   The solar panel withstands strong winds without getting dislodged or overturned as the expanding and contracting dampers change the inclination of the panel according to the wind pressure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the installation structure of the solar panel. (3) Support stand; (3a,3b) Edges; (4) Support; (5) Damper; (6) Hinge; (7) Solar panel.
NOVELTY - The float stands (3), such as ships, are installed parallelly in the width direction of a river, and connected and supported by revolving shaft (1). A water turbine (2) fastened to the revolving shaft is installed in the interstice (4) between the float stands. The rotation of the water turbine is transmitted to the generator (8) provided in each float stand.    USE -   For electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces unit price of electricity generation. Number of water turbines used can be varied according to river situation. Electricity generation can be performed regardless of water level in river. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a top view showing the state in which the float stands are moored in the river. (1) Revolving shaft; (2) Water turbine; (3) Float stands; (4) Interstice; (8) Generator.
NOVELTY - Solar-battery module (2) is fixed to a frame (3). An accommodation box (4) containing a controller is attached to the backside of the solar-battery module. The controller has overcharge control-circuit, over-discharge controller, antisuckback diode and secondary battery. Conducting wire (5) is connected to the box (4). The solar-battery unit (1) is placed in a box made of rubber.    USE -   Installed on roof of buildings, warehouse, store room, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Installation of solar-battery unit to outer- cladding panel is made simple. A stable solar power generation is obtained and overheating of solar-battery module is prevented. Maintenance of solar-battery unit is made simple as entire solar- battery unit is small in size. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of solar-battery unit. (1) Solar-battery unit; (2) Solar- battery module; (3) Frame; (4) Accommodation box; (5) Conducting wire.
NOVELTY - When a switching transistor (14) is switched ON, a current mirror circuit (13) is turned OFF. At this time, collector current of output transistor (11c) of current mirror circuit (11) flows to the ground through the transistor (14). When the transistor (14) is switched off, the input transistor (13a) is operated so that a predetermined current flows to the output transistor (13b).    USE -   For optical pick-up of DVD drive, DVD-RAM drive.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses unnecessary power consumption. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the photoelectric converter. (11,13) Current mirror circuits; (11c,13b) Output transistors; (13a) Input transistor; (14) Transistor.
NOVELTY - Non-light receiving surface side of the photovoltaic cell (101) is sealed with gusset plate (107) and covering materials (102,105) are provided for fixing this gusset plate. The non-light receiving surface side of the photovoltaic cell is equipped with shape retention portion (108). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Even when external load or pressure is applied to solar battery after installation, deformation is prevented. Workability is raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the solar battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (102,105) Covering materials; (107) Gusset plate; (108) Retention portion.
NOVELTY - The building roof with a solar battery (104) has a metallic reinforcing material which is connected to the ground.    USE -   For solar power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electric safety of solar power generator which used transformerless invertor connected to the system power circuit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of electrically safe solar power generator. (104) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - The two fine crystal semiconductor layers (103,105b) without impurity are formed by plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD). A n-type and p-type impurities are added to the above two layers respectively by heat processing in reaction chamber. An i-type element is injected into a pure amorphous silicon film (104) by glow discharge plasma generation in a reaction chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An amorphous silicon film (104) is formed on the fine crystal film (103) situated above an electrode (102). Another fine crystal layer (105a) without impurity is formed on the pure amorphous silicon film.    USE -   For manufacturing photoelectric conversion apparatus such as solar battery, image input sensor.    ADVANTAGE -    Simplifies plasma CVD apparatus as all the three film layers are formed in reaction chamber of CVD apparatus. A pin junction can be formed without using n type impurity element as n type and p type impurities are automatically injected by heat processing in a reaction chamber. Reduces production time and improves process capacity as all the three layers are formed from the same S1 H4 and H2gas and in several reaction chambers of plasma CVD apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of production procedure of photoelectric conversion apparatus. (103,105b) Fine crystal semiconductor layers; (104) Pure amorphous silicon film; (105a) Fine crystal layer.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a reverse conductive layer or a p type semiconductor layer (106) after performing gaseous phase etching on the surface of a photoelectric conversion layer (105), in which the etched surface is not exposed to air. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photoelectric conversion layer is formed after depositing an n type semiconductor layer which is not exposed to air. The photoelectric conversion layer covers the n type semiconductor layer.    USE -   For forming e.g. solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures inexpensive and efficient manufacture without reducing capability of silicon thin film photoelectric converter due to improvement of closing light effect within photoelectric conversion layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model perspective diagram for explaining the manufacture of the silicon thin film photoelectric converter. (105) Photoelectric conversion layer; (106) Reverse conductive layer or a p type semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming two fine crystal semiconductor films (103,105a) and an amorphous semiconductor film (104) using identical glow discharge plasma discharge generators provided in identical reaction chambers. A photoelectric conversion layer is formed on one fine crystal semiconductor film (103). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves forming the first fine crystal semiconductor film (103) without adding N or P type determination impurity. The second fine crystal semiconductor film (105a) is formed without adding N or P type determination impurity after forming the amorphous semiconductor film. P type determination impurity is then injected and heated into the fine crystal semiconductor film (105a) from the surface of an electrode (106) provided close to the fine crystal semiconductor film (105a).    USE -   For forming e.g. solar battery, image input sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Forms P and N type fine crystal silicon films and amorphous silicon films continuously with maintained glow discharge plasma and using simplified plasma-chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus. Forms pin junction without needing n type impurity. Improves process capacity in which gas introduction and discharge are unnecessary, and in which p and n type fine crystal silicon films and amorphous silicon films are formed simultaneously. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the photoelectric converter manufacture. (103,105a) Fine crystal semiconductor films; (104) Amorphous semiconductor film; (106) Electrode.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming two fine crystal semiconductor films (103,105a) and an amorphous semiconductor film (104) using identical glow discharge plasma discharge generators provided in identical reaction chambers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves forming a photoelectric conversion layer close to an electrode (102) on the insulated surface of a substrate (101). The first fine crystal semiconductor film (103) is formed without adding N or P type determination impurity. The second fine crystal semiconductor film (105a) is formed without adding N or P type determination impurity after forming the amorphous semiconductor film. P type determination impurity is then injected and heated into the fine crystal semiconductor film (105a) from the surface of another electrode (106) provided close to the fine crystal semiconductor film (105a).    USE -   For forming e.g. solar battery, image input sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Forms P and N type fine crystal silicon films and amorphous silicon films continuously with maintained glow discharge plasma and using simplified plasma-chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the photoelectric converter manufacture. (101) Substrate; (102,106) Electrodes; (103,105a) Fine crystal semiconductor films; (104) Amorphous semiconductor film.
NOVELTY - A removal roller (46) removes the filler adhered to the peeling sheet (41) provided between the upper surface of the laminated body and diaphragm. The peeling sheet is also provided between the undersurface of laminated body and heater board.    USE -   For manufacturing solar battery modules.    ADVANTAGE -   Soiling of laminated body is prevented as dissolved filler coming from the laminated body is removed by a roller. Lamination is performed continuously as the filler adhered to the peeling sheet is removed by a removal roller. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of a lamination apparatus. (41) Peeling sheet; (46) Removal roller.
NOVELTY - A sensor head (1) with a 3DB directional coupler (22), performs strong modulation of light incident and radiation based on signal received by an antenna (2). The two output lights of the coupler are input to a photodetector (4) comprising two photoelectric transducers (5), which are then converted into electrical signal. The converted electrical signals are input to a calculator (6).    USE -   For characteristic measurement of electro-magnetic noise or relay of broadcast wave in EMC field.    ADVANTAGE -   Electric field can be measured by high sensitivity, hence enhances reliability. Deviation of fixed optical bias is permitted. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of photoelectric field sensor and explanatory drawing of sensor head of photoelectric field sensor. (1) Sensor head; (2) Antenna; (4) Photodetector; (5) Photoelectric transducer; (6) Calculator; (22) 3DB directional coupler.
NOVELTY - Reflector (1) which is rotatably supported by stand (5), has reflecting surface opposite to which light receiving unit (8) is arranged. Strength of light receiving signal from each receiving element of light receiving unit is detected, based on which support is rotated.    USE -   In solar light collection apparatus for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases generation of electricity since solar light is reflected in predetermined direction. Simple mechanism is used for adjusting reflection direction of light. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of optical reflecting apparatus. (1) Reflector; (5) Stand; (8) Light receiving unit.
NOVELTY - A solar cell (I) comprises a donor/acceptor composite (II) disposed between a first electrode (III) that is at least partially transparent to light and a second electrode (IV). The composite (II) comprises a light absorbing polymer that absorbs light to become an electron donor and carbon particles that function as an electron acceptor having an average diameter of 5-100 nm.    USE - The solar cell (I) is useful for the generation of electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell (I) is fabricated from convenient and relatively inexpensive material and has improved electrical capacity per unit area.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - (B1) a monofunctional material (i) a method of forming (I) by placing (II) between (III) and (IV) (ii) a method of generating electricity by exposing (I) to light.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing depicts a perspective view of a solar cell.    solar cell (100)    electron donor layer (102)    electron acceptor layer (104)    electron accepting particles (106)    binder (108)    electrode (110)    transparent electrode (112)    inert transparent layer (114)
NOVELTY - A structure for detecting light comprises a first color filter deposited over a light sensor, and a protective polymer silation layer deposited over the filter.    USE - The formation of protective coatings on filters used in color light detectors.    ADVANTAGE - The silane layer prevents bleeding of material between individual, closely spaced filters during the fabrication process, and protects an array of filters from physical damage during detapping operations. A silane layer applied after each filter layer is deposited allows accidental mis-processing or minor processing variations to occur without damage to previously fabricated layers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The structure may further comprises a tape applied to the polymer silation layer for protecting the first color filter during a grind/gold process, and a second color filter, adjacent to the protective silation layer which surrounds the first color filter, for blocking a different colored light than light blocked by the first color filter.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are given for:    (a) a method of fabricating the light detecting structure, which comprises fabricating a first color filter over a first photodiode on a substrate, and placing the substrate in a chamber where it is exposed to a silane compound in vapor form to form a silane coating over the filter-photodiode combination; and    (b) a structure for generating a digital image, which comprises a plurality of photodector/filter combinations provided with a silane protective layer, and support electronics which generate a color digital image by combining data from at least 2 photodetectors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of a device using formed color filters.    Supporting oxide layer (304)    Silicon nitride layer (308)    Color filter (312)    Protective silane layer (320)    Metal lines (324, 328)
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a hydrodynamic power system with a turbine (4) and generator (5), whereby the entire hydrodynamic power system, or at least the turbine and generator, can be built into a standard container (1) for ship, air, road or rail transport. The hydrodynamic power system can be installed in an insertion frame (3) that can be slid into the container.    USE - For generating electrical energy from hydrodynamic force.    ADVANTAGE - The entire system, or at least the turbine and generator, can be built into a standard container for ship, air, road or rail transport.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal sectional view of a suitable arrangement.    container (1)    turbine (4)    generator (5)    insertion frame (3)
NOVELTY - The support portion (3a) of support (3) is passed via through-hole (4a) of roof lining board (4). The roof lining board clamp plate (3b) of support is attached with the roof lining board. The frame is fixed to the support projected from the through-hole (6a) of tile (6) distributed at upper surface of roof lining board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The roof lining board clamp plate of the support is contacted with the roof lining board using the tapping screws (5).    USE -   For installing frame for solar batteries on roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates to install frame for solar batteries reliably, since thickness of the roof lining board is increased by the attachment of roof lining board clamping plate. Improves operativity since number of screws required for attaching roof lining board clamp plate is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the condition of having installed the frame for solar batteries on roof. (3) Support; (3a) Support portion; (4) Roof lining board; (4a,6a) Through-holes; (5) Tapping screws; (6) Tile.
NOVELTY - The latching piece (13D) of cell support frame (1) is hooked on a roof tile frame and projected from ridge side horizontal frame material (1D). Water-proof sheet (4) is interposed between the undersurface part of eaves side horizontal frame material (1C) and ridge side horizontal frame material.    USE -   For installing solar battery unit on roof lining board.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves installation as junction structure is provided to solar battery cell. Prevents reduction of water-proof junction by wear of solar battery cell. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of water-proof connector used for junction structure of solar battery cell maintenance tile. (1) Cell support frame; (1C,1D) Eaves and ridge side horizontal frame materials; (4) Water-proof sheet; (13D) Latching piece.
NOVELTY - The training device (10) provides signals corresponding to different trailing parameters, with a signal processor (2) controlling an output display (6) on which a representation of the body or a specific body region is displayed in correspondence to the training routine and/or load, e.g. using different color codings.    USE - For exercise bikes, rowing devices, weights machines, etc..    ADVANTAGE - The output display allows the user to monitor the training.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the training device.    Signal processor (2)    Output display (6)    Training device (10)
NOVELTY - A pinion (38) is rotated meshing a vertical rack (18), when a buoyant concrete barge (12) is moved up and down due to tide. The rotation of pinion causes the gear and gear mechanism in gear box (32) to rotate, so that spring bank (34) is energized. A computer controls release of stored mechanical energy from spring bank to generator (36) which converts it to electrical energy.    USE - For power transmission in tide powered hydroelectric plant.    ADVANTAGE - The conversion of tidal energy to mechanical and electrical energy is possible because gear mechanism, spring banks, generators and computer are provided. There is no environmental pollution. Moreover the size of the installation is variable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gear meshes with the pinion in the gear box (30). The reversible gear mechanism in gear box, meshes with the gear. The spring bank consisting of the multiple torsion springs, is coupled to the reversible gear mechanism. A large driving spur gear which is connected to the torsion spring, is coupled to adjoining driving spur gear via pair of carrier gears. The spur gear is rotated to increase torsion of spring. A sensor used for measuring the potential energy of spring, is attached to disc brake mounted on disc provided at the end of spring. The disc brake is applied for storing the energy and it is released for utilizing energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front view of hydroelectric power plant.    Concrete barge (12)    Vertical rack (18)    Gear box (30,32)    Spring bank (34)    Generator (36)    Pinion (38)
NOVELTY - A container (12) has an inner surface (15) acting as reservoir for storing beverages and a heating element (18) within it. A base (20) has photovoltaic cells (23) and a circular recess (24) which accommodates the bottom of the container to electrically connect the container to the photovoltaic cells.    USE - For heating beverages stored in a container.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a portable, efficient, reliable, solar power beverage heater of a simple structure which can maintain the heat of an already-heated beverage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The container is cylindrical on the outside and has a circular bottom to fit into the recess in the base. The heating element extends around the perimeter of the side wall of the container and is electrically coupled to a switch present on the outer surface of the container. The base has panels coupled via hinges to adjacent channels and is foldable into a stack of panels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic perspective view of the solar power beverage heater with the panels of the base folded into a stack.    container (12)    perimeter side wall (14)    inner surface (15)    heating element (18)    base (20)    photovoltaic cells (23)    recess (24)
NOVELTY - Solar cells of equal area are separated by gaps. The cells produce a characteristic voltage at a matching current. Electrically conductive interconnects (128) span the gap between each pair of cells to connect them in series to obtain an output voltage at the matching current. A flexible carrier adhered to the cells holds the cells and interconnects in a desired array configuration.    USE - For generating electricity in satellites (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Has a higher specific voltage than conventional solar cell arrays by using smaller cells. Allows the array to be mounted on non-flat surfaces, thereby maintaining its tolerance to shadow and minimizing design oversizing. Uses small, irregularly shaped or non-flat surface on a satellite to maximize power generation without introducing a significant weight penalty.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The array configuration is adapted for mounting directly to the exterior surface of a satellite. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a method for collecting solar energy on a satellite, for a satellite having solar cells covering its exterior surface, and for a method for making a solar power array from a single wafer of photovoltaic transducer material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of a portion of the microarray showing the interconnect.    interconnect (128)
NOVELTY - Narrow channels (3) of roughly 0.1-0.2 micrometer width, are doped onto a silicon substrate (1). The component of the incoming electrical field parallel to the channels will generate a high frequency current in the channel, which removes energy from the field. The absorbed energy is measured as a raise in temperature of the assembly.    USE -   For reconnaissance.    ADVANTAGE -   Contrast in the obtained images, and thereby overall accuracy of the reconnaissance system, is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DETAILS OF DRAWINGS - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a detector. (1) Silicon substrate ; (3) Narrow channels .
NOVELTY - The peak value of the converted amplitude limited voltage signal to which equalization amplification is performed by an APD (1), is detected by a detector (5). The detected peak value and the reference voltage are compared to set a feedback loop to control the bias voltage of APD (1). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - APD (1) performs the photoelectric conversion of light signal to current signal which is again converted to equivalent voltage signal by a pre-amplifier (2). The amplitude of the voltage is limited by an amplitude limiter (3), when the amplified voltage signal exceeds predetermined level. An equalization amplifier (4) performs equalization amplification of the amplitude limited voltage signal.    USE -   To control the bias voltage of APD in optical receiver.    ADVANTAGE -   Since a simple differential amplifier is used as amplitude limiter, need for AGC circuit is eliminated, thereby simplifying circuit scale and reducing power consumption. The dynamic range of light reception is large with an improved effect when the source voltage is small. Since linear amplification is performed despite of the superimposition of the shot noise of APD, an output with large S/N ratio is obtained. Also enables simple control of the bias voltage of APD by the feedback loop. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram indicating the main components of optical receiver. (1) APD; (2) Pre-amplifier; (3) Amplitude limiter; (4) Equalization amplifier; (5) Peak detector.
NOVELTY - Solar battery string (201) which connects several solar battery modules electrically and serially is installed ranging over the installation surface which has a different normal line. Several such strings are connected to form a solar battery array.    USE -   Installed in roof of building for generating electrical power.    ADVANTAGE -   It is possible to design the array freely. Wastage in avoided. Output capacitance of solar battery array is increased greatly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows roof top elevation view of solar battery array. (201) Solar battery string.
NOVELTY - A filler (102) is provided for sealing the conductivity reinforcing material (104) distributed at the non- light receiving surface side of photovoltaic cell (101). An earthing terminal (107) is partially joined with the conductivity reinforcing material.    USE -   In solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reliable ground connection since a flat earthing terminal is used. Bending processing is not required, thereby simplifying earthing structure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram explaining the solar battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (102) Filler; (104) Conductivity reinforcing material; (107) Earthing terminal.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module array has two or more kinds of rectangular solar batteries (103) of different lengths.    USE -   Is installed at roof surface of residential building, office building for electricity generation. Also installed at flat roof frame.    ADVANTAGE -   The filling factor of installation surface can be raised by configuring several rectangular solar battery modules and hence amount of electricity generation area is increased. Limitation of fixing string voltage is eliminated by introducing heterogeneous series, thereby simplifies designing processes involved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the layout when configuring solar battery module. (103) Batteries.
NOVELTY - Photovoltaic cell groups comprise parallelly connected photovoltaic cells (201). A gusset plate is fixed to the non-light receiving side.    USE -   For electric equipment.    ADVANTAGE -   Since amorphous silicon photovoltaic cell is used, low cost photoelectric conversion module can be obtained in a large area. Since an attachment structure is provided, photovoltaic cell module can be installed easily. Solar energy is visually realizable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the photovoltaic cell module. (201) Photovoltaic cell.
NOVELTY - A fine-crystal silicon film (103) without impurity, is formed on the top of electrode (102). An amorphous silicon film (104) and fine-crystal silicon film (105a) without impurity are formed sequentially. Then P-type and N-type impurities are injected into silicon film (105a). Then heating process is carried out and electrode (106) is formed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photoelectric convertor.    USE -   For manufacturing photoelectric convertor used in solar battery, image sensor, photo sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   The film of formation is done without adding impurity gas. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of photoelectric convertor manufacturing process. (102) Electrode; (103,105a) Fine-crystal silicon film; (104) Amorphous silicon film; (106) Electrode.
NOVELTY - CdTe film is formed on the surface of the substrate (1) by distributing CdTe powder layer at predetermined spacing and heating it in the atmosphere containing halogen or haloid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for CdTe film manufacturing apparatus.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Solar battery with improved characteristic is obtained as heat stress exerted on substrate is reduced by the formation of temperature gasifying CdTe film on substrate. Manufacturing cost is reduced as it avoids the extra cost needed to compensate heat stress by CdTe film formation on substrate. Proximity sublimation method reduces the process time as there is no cooling following heat treatment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional chart of CdTe film forming apparatus. (1) Substrate.
NOVELTY - The holes for electrodes (41) in the back cover which is in alignment with the holes for electrodes (21) in the cell sealing material, has a larger diameter than the holes for electrodes in the cell sealing material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The output electrodes (31) of the solar battery cell are inserted through the holes for electrodes in the cell sealing material and back cover such that they do not make any contact with the internal circumference surface of the holes for electrodes in the back cover. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for describing electrode formation method in solar battery module.    USE -   For solar battery cells.    ADVANTAGE -   Even when error occurs in position relation of output electric power of solar battery, required gap is maintained. The cell output electrodes does not make any contact with internal circumference surface of the hole in the back cover, thereby reliably preventing electric short circuit in the back cover. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of solar battery module. (21,41) Electrodes; (31) Output electrodes.
NOVELTY - A backside electrode layer (102), a crystalline silicon group photoelectric conversion layer (105), a transparent conductive cap layer (111) are formed sequentially on a glass substrate. Linear and mutually parallel separating grooves (104,109) are formed in the layers to isolate photoelectric conversion cells. The cells are connected in series through several grooves.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photoelectric conversion layer is formed by plasma CVD at temperature less than 400 C. The volume molar fraction of crystallization of the photoelectric conversion layer is 80% or more and hydrogen content is between 0.5-30 atom%. The thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer is set between 0.5-20 m.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for silicon group thin film photoelectric conversion cell manufacturing method.    USE -   For crystalline silicon group photoelectric conversion apparatus such as optical sensor, solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   High output owing to high voltage characteristic is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view showing the manufacturing steps of photoelectric conversion apparatus. (102) Backside electrode layer; (104,109) Grooves; (105) Photoelectric conversion layer; (111) Transparent conductive cap layer.
NOVELTY - A cadmium-sulfide film is formed on a heat-resistant substrate using organic-metal vapor growth, vacuum deposition or contact sublimation. the substrate with cadmium-sulfide film is then heated for 30 seconds, more or less, at a temperature of 100 to 700 degrees Celsius in an inert gas atmosphere which includes oxygen or air. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:the cadmium-sulfide film manufacturing apparatus;and the solar battery using the cadmium-sulfide film.    USE -   For producing cadmium-sulfide used on solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Produces cadmium-sulfide film with outstanding capability at low cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of the cadmium-sulfide film manufacturing apparatus.
NOVELTY - A porous layer (12) is formed on the semiconductor substrate (11). The porous layer has semiconductor such as silicon and germanium or a gallium and arsenic or a gallium and phosphorus or a gallium and nitrogen on its one side. The impurity concentration of the porous layer is varied in thickness direction.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the impurity concentration of the porous layer is varied in the thickness direction, the distortion of the porous layer caused by passing a large current can be prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional view showing the components of the semiconductor substrate. (11) Semiconductor substrate; (12) Porous layer.
NOVELTY - Transparent substrate (1) is formed with a transparent electrode (2). Metal oxide layer containing layer made of TiO2 , ZnO, Fe2 O3 , Nb2 05 and ZrO2admixture with silicic acidised alkali is coated over transparent electrode. Admixture of graphite and silicic acidised alkali constitutes collector pole (5) on the electrolyte layer (4) on the metal oxide layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for describing electrode group manufacturing method.    USE -   In solar battery in optical detection facility.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers inexpensive solar battery without any public hazards, thereby improves electricity output with stabilized characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of the solar battery. (1) Transparent substrate; (2) Transparent electrode; (4) Electrolyte layer; (5) Collector pole.
NOVELTY - A heat collection panel (3) is laminated on solar panel (2) by applying heat and pressure to resin layers (2C,2D) formed in panel. Concave unit (25a) accommodating heat medium pipes (3B,3C), is formed in pressure application surface of an elastic diaphragm (21) provided near heat collection panel.    USE -   For manufacturing light and heat hybrid panel.    ADVANTAGE -   The heat medium pipe of a collection of heat panel and the solar battery cell are not damaged during pressure application due to provision of concave portion. The process is simple and efficient, and cost is less as the cost of materials is cut down by omitting use of adhesive agent since sticking can be done by pressing and heating. As the diaphragm is elastic, pressure is equally applied to both sides of heat panel, thus producing a favorable quality light and heat hybrid panel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of light and heat hybrid panel manufacture. (2) Solar panel; (2C,2D) Resin layers; (3) Heat collection panel; (3B,3C) Heat medium pipes; (21) Elastic diaphragm; (25a) Concave unit.
NOVELTY - Several divided stay ring pieces (12p) are joined to adjacent pieces by joining their respective bonding planes (12j). A finishing stock projecting outwardly from each divided piece is processed after joining.    USE -   For hydraulic machines such as power generator, pump turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies transportation by enabling division of ring pieces and assembling at site. Improves assembly accuracy by processing each ring piece after joining. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows stay ring after joining divided pieces. (12j) Bonding plane; (12p) Divided stay ring piece.
NOVELTY - A flat section (102) fixes the solar battery module on installation surface. The height of rising section (103) is larger than the thickness of the battery connection cable connected to clamp (101).    USE -   For fixing solar battery module on roof surface.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers reduction in construction cost by reducing number of construction process. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of roof-material solar battery fixing structure. (101) Clamp; (102) Flat section; (103) Rising section.
NOVELTY - A raw substrate is provided having a dimension twice of a final assembly. A designated filter is coated on one side of the raw substrate, the filter includes a successively coated multiple-cavity dielectric optical band- pass filter-film with only half number of designated cavities in it. The coated substrate is divided into two semi-finished substrate pieces each including a required dimensioned substrate body with the filter on it. These two semi- finished substrate pieces are combined together the filter of one piece is directly adhered to that of another piece so that the filtering assembly has the filter sandwiched between the two substrates by a thin optical coupling layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a filtering assembly, and an arrangement for making a filtering assembly.    USE -   For optical band pass filter.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides new structure of multiple cavity filter and corresponding new method for making filter, where manufacturing time and cost can be reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of a multiple cavity optical band pass filter.
NOVELTY - A control system includes several sensors for indicating level of dissolved oxygen in water. The control system controls the flow of oxygen from the gas supply unit to the chamber and regulates the level of dissolved oxygen in the water being discharged from an outlet port of casing.    USE - For regulating level of dissolved oxygen in water passing through turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Control signals are generated to regulate the amount of gas flowing through passage ways and vanes are positioned to promote mixing of gas with water, thereby enhancing dissolved oxygen level of water passing through turbine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A stationary casing encloses turbine components and extends from upstream inlet port to downstream outlet port. The casing includes a head cover (26), a discharge ring (28) and a draft tube (30). A runner (20) is disposed rotatable in the casing, so that water flowing through it impinges on the runner. The runner includes a crown (36) and a band (40) substantially concentric with the crown. Several blades (38) extend between the crown and the band, at spaced intervals. An annular seal is disposed between the runner and the casing, to limit water leakage into a chamber formed between runner and casing. Oxygen is supplied to the chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the elevational view illustrating the turbine including rotatably mounted runner and gas admission passages leading to mixing chamber.    Runner (20)    Head cover (26)    Discharge ring (28)    Draft tube (30)    Crown (36)    Blades (38)    Band (40)
NOVELTY - A vertical adjustment mechanism movably connects front end of treadmill assembly to the base (12). A portion of the base is positioned to contact the treadmill assembly (14) for preventing its rotation about its axis (70), when it is in storage orientation. The base has a cross brace mounted between a pair of feet.    USE - For indoor aerobic exercise sessions for in-place walking, jogging or running.    ADVANTAGE - The treadmill assembly is mounted pivotable on base between folded and unfolded portions and temporary storage is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The treadmill assembly (14) has a forward portion extending forward from the axis to a leading edge.The elongated treadmill assembly has an endless belt mounted for movement and having a user support surface. The leading edge has a stopper mounted on it to contact portion of base. A treadmill motor mounted on forward portion of treadmill assembly drives the endless belt.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side elevation view of fold-up treadmill apparatus.    Base (12)    Treadmill assembly (14)    Pivoting axis (70)
NOVELTY - An algorithm (105) is used to determine the strength of the user (10) from a machine position-parameter (x) and the torque (taud) exerted by the machine. Another algorithm is used (140) to set a desired position-dependent velocity profile (vd), which will optimize the power produced by the user. A resistance controller (120) and actuator (110) adjusts the torque exerted by the machine accordingly.    USE - For exercise machines.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures that the optimum torque is always exerted on the user by the exercise machine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following: An exercise machine operating in accordance with the describe method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a system operating in accordance with the method.    User (10)    Exercise machine (100)    Muscle characteristic identifier (105)    Resistance actuator (110)    Resistance controller (120)    Velocity profile specifier (140)    Desired torque (taud)    Exerted torque (tau)    Position parameter (x)    Desired velocity profile (vd)
NOVELTY - A transparent resin layer (6) is formed when a transparent resin film is stuck on a transparent insulated substrate (4). A rough surface (10) and a minute rough surface (11) are formed on the transparent resin film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transfer rough surface is formed on transfer roller. The minute rough surface is formed on the transfer rough surface of the transfer roller. The transfer rough surface of the transfer roller contacts the rough surface of the transparent resin film. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin film solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers light weight thin film solar battery which can be cheaply manufactured by using simple process at normal temperature. Improves manufacturing yield, accuracy, stabilization of characteristic is attained. Improves characteristic of solar battery. Prevents short circuit of semiconductor layers in battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the thin film solar battery. (4) Transparent insulated substrate; (6) Transparent resin layer; (10) Rough surface; (11) Minute rough surface.
NOVELTY - Electrodes (1,3) are formed on upper and lower surfaces of semiconductor layer, respectively. FETs (5) are formed on the substrate in the form of matrix and are connected to the electrode (3). An ammeter (6) measures the total current passing through the electrode (1). A comparator (8) outputs a signal,if the measured current reaches the threshold value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Scintillator converts X-ray to light. Semiconductor layer (2) converts the light energy into electric charge.    USE -   For image pick up device of non-destructive testing apparatus in industry.    ADVANTAGE -   The control unit gives output when the X-ray generated reaches specified amount therefore minimum X-ray exposure is achieved. High quality image is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of X-ray image pick up device. (1,3) Electrodes; (2) Semiconductor layer; (5) FET; (6) Ammeter; (8) Comparator.
NOVELTY - A solar panel body receives light and is provided rotatably at one end of a flat substrate. The output from the solar panel is controlled by the operating part. The energy stored in the solar panel (5) installed in the portable telephone, is used for charging the secondary battery.    USE -   For portable telephone.    ADVANTAGE -   Since charging of secondary battery is performed by light received by solar panel, power consumption is restricted and battery expiry can be prevented. Since the substrate is provided with substrate detachably mounted in portable telephone, it can be removed during unfavorable weather conditions. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front side brief display diagram of solar panel battery. (5) Solar panel.
NOVELTY - A photodiode (PD) receives signal and converts it to electrical signal which is then smoothened. The smoothened electrical signal is fed to any one of the voltage amplifiers (26,28,30) having different gain. After amplification, the signals are selectively applied to a logarithmic converter (42) through switches (32,34,36). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An offset calculation circuit (44) judges an optimum data (Dm) and adds 2-bit data to specify voltage amplifiers (26,28,30) corresponding to that optimum data (Dm). Thus a m+2 bit data (Dout) is formed for monitoring.    USE -   For optical communication system.    ADVANTAGE -   Monitors strength of optical signal of an extensive range. Increases design degree of freedom. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the optical receiver. (26,28,30) Voltage amplifiers; (32,34,36) Switches; (42) Logarithmic converter; (44) Offset calculation circuit; (PD) Photodiode.
NOVELTY - Projections (101,102) are provided in specific portion of a panel fixing unit (103). The projections contact the conductor provided in the panel. Adjacent solar panels are fixable via the projections. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for earthing structure of solar panel and solar panel earthing method.    USE -   For fixing solar panel.    ADVANTAGE -   The construction quality is maintained reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side and top views of panel fixing structure. (101,102) Projections; (103) Panel fixing unit.
NOVELTY - Several linear mutually parallel grooves (104,109) are formed in such a way that tandem-die photoelectric conversion cells are formed on the backside of transparent electrode (102). The cells are connected electrically in series via grooves (107) formed parallel to grooves (104,109). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The transparent electrode layer (102), amorphous silicon group thin film photoelectric conversion layer (105), crystalline silicon thin film photoelectric conversion layer (106) are laminated sequentially on a transparent substrate (101) by formation of grooves (104,109). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of integrated tandem-die thin film.    USE -   Integrated tandem-die thin silicon film e.g. solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   The conversion apparatus is provided with outstanding characteristics and high output. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view explaining manufacturing method of integrated tandem-die thin film. (101) Transparent substrate; (102) Transparent electrode; (104,107,109) Grooves; (105,106) Photoelectric conversion layers.
NOVELTY - A reverse bias voltage is impressed for a predetermined period by reverse bias voltage application unit to recover the characteristic deterioration of the solar battery array (1) due to its photodegradation.    USE -   For solar power generator used in residence.    ADVANTAGE -   The system efficiency is improved due to application of reverse bias voltage to solar battery, the recovery of characteristic deterioration of solar battery is performed efficiently and maintenance service is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of solar power generation system. (1) Battery array.
NOVELTY - Several thin film solar battery unit cells each including an upper electrode with an amorphous silicon electromotive force layer (14) and a transparent electrical conductive film (15) laminated on a conductive base material (11) are connected serially by a conductive connection material such that one end of base material contacts the upper electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin film solar battery formation method.    USE -   For thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables simplification of junction process. Thin film solar battery is formed easily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the thin film solar battery formation method. (11) Conductive base material; (14) Amorphous silicon electromotive force layer; (15) Transparent electrical conductive film.
NOVELTY - A frame (7) contacts the lamination structure of a transparent substrate (1), a sealing material (2), a solar battery cell (3) and a protection film (4), such that, the crimp of protection film is done to the substrate via the sealing material. The lamination structure is mounted on the mount base.    USE -   For solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to reduce the thickness of the circumference part of sealing material. Prevents permeation of water inside lamination structure. Improves sealing capability. Improves reliability of solar battery module. Excels in resistance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing method of solar battery module. (1) Transparent substrate; (2) Sealing material; (3) Battery cell; (4) Protection film; (7) Frame.
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic cell module has several photovoltaic cells (101) electrically connected through a metal body (104). An insulation member (103) avoids contact between edge part of photovoltaic cells and the metal body.    USE -   For electrical connection.    ADVANTAGE -   Damage of photovoltaic cells is prevented by the insulated member that prevents contact of cell with metal body. Inspite of repeated bending while installing photovoltaic cell, reliability is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the photovoltaic cell module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (103) Insulation member; (104) Metal body.
NOVELTY - Electrodes (1a,1a') are distributed at preset intervals along a channel which intakes and outputs seawater. Power supply circuits (E1,TR1,D1,L1,C1,R1,Rs,RL,Edc) apply DC voltage between the electrodes, for a preset period, to produce electric pulse.    USE -   For impressing direct flow electric pulse in seawater, which is used as cooling water for heat exchanger in thermal power station, thereby preventing adhesion of shells to heat exchanger.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to provide fixed electric shock. Enables to effectively prevent adherence of shells. Enables to stop voltage application, when existence of human being or animal is detected near the electrode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of direct electric pulse generator. (1a,1a') Electrodes; (E1,TR1,D1,L1,C1,R1,Rs,RL,Edc) Power supply circuits.
NOVELTY - The image formation lens (16) is distributed on the optical axis of the laser radiation opening of an optical head (15). A camera (17) picks up the image of the optical element and the illumination unit (18) transmits illumination light for picking up the image. The optical element is positioned by positioning controller in non-driven state.    USE -   For recording apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   There is no need for moving a light receiving element and incorrect adjustment is prevented by positioning control of the optical element, hence it becomes unnecessary to confirm whether the laser light from light emitting element is correctly irradiated by light receiving surface and shortening of adjustment time is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of optical head adjusting device. (15) Optical head; (16) Image formation lens; (17) Camera; (18) Illumination unit.
NOVELTY - A charge generating layer containing crystals of oxytitanium phthalocyanine pigment and a charge transporting layer are laminated on a support. The pigment has Bragg angle of 2 0.2 with copper K and X-ray diffraction at 90, 14.2, 23.9 and 27.1. The photoreceptor also contains a mixture of polyester resin and melamine which is crosslinked by heating.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) an electrophotographic apparatus which contains an electrification unit, image exposure unit, image developer (5) and transfer unit (6); and (ii) a cartridge in which the electrification unit is selected from at least an image developer or a cleaner supported integrally and arranged detachably on the electrophotographic apparatus.    USE -   For solar batteries, sensors, colouring applications, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrophotographic photoreceptor is durable and is not affected by repeated use and environmental fluctuations. The photoreceptor has stable potential characteristics and high sensitivity in the longer wavelength region.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electrophotography apparatus. (1) Electrophotographic photoreceptor; (5) Image development unit; (6) Transfer unit; (9) Cleaning unit; (11) Cartridge.
NOVELTY - A solar energy collection panel (7) is mounted on four or more springs that expand and contract with intensity of the solar energy. The springs are formed by multiple bimetallic elements (8). When positioned correctly the springs respond to ensure that panel tracks the sun.    USE - Solar energy collection    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - solar collection panel (7)    bimetallic spring elements (8)
NOVELTY - The vane edges (12a) of turbine (10) driven by force, due to water flow, are not parallel to each other.    USE -   To clean dust collected by screen in river.    ADVANTAGE -   As the vane edges are not parallel, noise is not produced in vane edges, during its entry in water. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows entire sectional view of vane structure. (10) Turbine; (12a) Vane edges.
NOVELTY - A layer of fine titanium oxide particles (21) with silicon dioxide binder (22) is applied on the surface of a fluororesin film (1).    USE -   For protecting surface of a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electricity generation efficiency over a long period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of a surface protection film for solar battery. (1) Fluororesin film; (21) Titanium oxide particles; (22) Binder.
NOVELTY - A light emitting element (8) inputs infrared (IR) ray data into an optical input unit (6) made of transparent resin. A light receiving element (12) receives the IR ray data output from an optical power unit (10) made of transparent resin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An opaque printing layer (2) on the resin sheet (1) forms an optical input window (3) and an optical output window (4) to the perimeter of the resin sheet. A lamination layer (5) is formed on the exterior surface of the printing layer. The optical input unit is coupled with the input window. Similarly, the optical power unit is coupled with the optical output window.    USE -   To transmit IR rays for remote control of TV.    ADVANTAGE -   The apparatus is designed in such a way so as to performs optical transmission within a short transmission distance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of IR ray data transmission apparatus. (1) Resin sheet; (2) Opaque printing layer; (3,4) Optical input and output windows; (5) Lamination layer; (6) Optical input unit; (8) Light emitting element; (10) Optical power unit; (12) Light receiving element.
NOVELTY - More than a pair of recesses (2a,2b) corresponding to the shapes of objective lens (3) and solid immersion lens (4), are formed at opposite surfaces of a substrate. The lenses are configured on the recesses and fixed to the substrate by a resin film (5). The substrate is etched and the surface of lens is flattened. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solid immersion lens has refractive index higher than the substrate and the objective lens that collimates and condenses the light beam. The solid immersion lenses are configured in the substrate surface which is positioned at proximity to the recording medium. The recesses are in the hemispherical or V-form corresponding to the lens shape.    USE -   For optical pick-up substrates used as optical card, optical tape, for semiconductor manufacture, and in liquid crystal display.    ADVANTAGE -   The lenses of arbitrary refractive index and shapes are aligned on the substrate with high precision due to the formation of recesses of corresponding shapes in the substrate surface. Since resin is used for fixation of lens to the substrate, productivity is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the explanatory diagram of lens embedment method. (2a,2b) Recesses; ; (3) Objective lens; ; (4) Solid immersion lens; ; (5) Resin film.
NOVELTY - A light receiving element (12) is mounted on a lead frame (15). An insulating material (16) is provided to receive light emitted from the light emitting element. A semiconductor chip (13a) is controlled by the received light emission signal. An L-shaped slit (21) is provided on the lead frame, between the light receiving element and the semiconductor chip.    USE -   As an optical semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE -   Since insulating material flow into the semiconductor chip is prevented by the slit, variation of optical transmission efficiency between the light emitting element and light receiving element is prevented. Since an insulating material is provided between the lead frame and the light receiving element, defluxion to the semiconductor chip is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the optical semiconductor device. (12) Light receiving element; (13a) Semiconductor chip; (15) Lead frame; (16) Insulating material; (21) Slit.
NOVELTY - A substrate (1) and a semiconductor material are heated in a cadmium or tellurium atmosphere. The semiconductor material containing cadmium telluride (CdTe) is vaporized to precipitate a CdTe film on the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for CdTe film manufacturing apparatus.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   A good quality and inexpensive CdTe film is provided for solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of a CdTe film formation unit. (1) Substrate.
NOVELTY - The double helix nucleic acid polymer thin film is made conductive by photoirradiation.    USE -   For bio-sensor, bio-transistor.    ADVANTAGE -   Conductivity of the thin film is performed by photoirradiation. Development of bio-sensor and bio-transistor is performed, remarkably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of the polymer thin film. Parts list: (1) Nucleic acid polymer conductive thin film.
NOVELTY - The solar battery tile (10) has casing (11) and a cover (30). A drive unit (14) which consists of circuit components helps to generate electricity to the light emitting diode (13) powered by the solar battery.    USE -   The battery stores power to generate light at night for lighting system for car park.    ADVANTAGE -   Stores power in battery storage to be used at night and maintenance is easy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded isometric view of the solar battery tile structure. (10) Solar battery tile; (11) Casing; (13) Light emitting diode; (14) Drive unit; (30) Cover.
A manufacture of a polysilane pattern formation substrate comprises (1) forming a polysilane film onto a substrate, (2) selectively applying the light to the substrate in the presence of a solvent which does not solve polysilane and solves siloxane to form a pattern, (3) removing only siloxane by using a solvent which solves only the siloxane without solving the polysilane part of the substrate, and (4) completely removing the solvent from the substrate.    USE -   Effectively used in various kinds of printed wiring boards, a flexible switch, a battery electrode, a solar battery, a sensor, an integrated pattern, a housing for a motor etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The substrate having a polysilane pattern superior in accuracy can be formed at low cost and at high speed.
NOVELTY - A cylinder or a piston (9) is fixed under the water. The water blows off from a water turbine (11) through small nozzles from a buoyant container, according to the ebb and flow of the tide.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Can produce electricity continuously. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the side view of the electricity generating apparatus with the piston attached in a buoyancy tank. (9) Piston; (11) Water turbine.
NOVELTY - A wind-force power supply (2) and a battery (3) are mounted on a water gear (1) placed on the sink opening within which water is dammed up.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves operating capability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the actual drawing of the hydroelectric generator. (1) Water gear; (2) Wind-force power supply; (3) Battery.
NOVELTY - The bench (10) supports a bar (11) to which the subject's upper arm (B) is adjustably strapped (13,130) while his/her forearm (AB) is similarly attached (14,140) to a second bar (12), pivoted (15) on the first. A hand-grip (17), pivoted (16) on the second bar is rotatable (f2) by the subject's hand (M) about an axis parallel to the forearm, while the axis of the first-named pivot (15), near the subject's elbow, allows rotation (f1) in the plane of arm and forearm. Both articulations provide variable resisting bi-directional torque, preferably by means, e.g. hydraulic, independent of external energy sources.    USE - Sports training, orthopedic rehabilitation.    ADVANTAGE - Controlled exercising, with several degrees of freedom at joints.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - By duplicating the device described, the bench simultaneously caters for both arms, using a common elbow pivot, torque for which is opt. obtained from a crank-connected hydraulic cylinder. Further extension of the facilities, e.g. to trunk and legs, by elaborating the machine on the same general lines, is also described, together with supervisory and recording facilities based on sensor inputs to a display panel, opt., with analyzing PC.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a sketch of a typical application to one arm.    bench, (10)    limb bars, (11,12)    limb straps, (13,14)    pivots, (15,16)    hand lever, (17)    clamps. (130,140,160)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor device is separable into the semiconductor device and its substrate to allow re-use of the separated elements.    USE - Especially in recovery of still-servicable solar panels and their substrates for re-use following renovation of roofing etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device is preferably a solar cell module and comprises: a substrate; a filler; a photovoltaic element; and a protective layer. The photovoltaic element is separable from the substrate. Preferred methods for the separation include heating, heating and moistening, irradiating with an electron beam, and removing a layer with an acid, alkali or solvent. The device (solar cell module) preferably includes an exfoliating layer, which may be used as a backside or side-surface filler layer, to provide separation by one of the above methods. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: Methods for forming a semiconductor device or a solar cell module such that the semiconductor device or the photovoltaic element may be separated; Semiconductor devices and solar cell modules which are separable by the above methods; Methods for dismantling semiconductor devices and solar cell modules by the above methods.
NOVELTY - The electromagnet system includes a rectangular electrical conductor coil (22) with the longer axis aligned with the water flow. Two tubular electrodes (21,25) enclose the conductor but are insulated electrically and thermally from the rectangular coil by a tubular casing. The annulus between the tubes and conductor can be made a vacuum to enable cryogenic cooling and superconduction in the coil. Field current leads (23) supply current to the magnet system and a magnetic field (B) is created when current flows in the coil.    USE - Converts kinetic energy in tidal and ocean currents into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The energy converter works without moving, mechanical engineering parts which simplifies maintenance, and provides a robust and reliable arrangement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Interaction with the fluid motion causes electrical power to be generated. The power is brought out by the power leads (24). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of generating electrical power using a magneto hydrodynamic apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a dipolar direct current converter.    Magnetic field (B)    Tubular electrodes (21,25)    Coil (22)    Field current leads (23)    Power leads (24)
NOVELTY - The rectangular casing is covered by or made of, individual or arrays of cells, on three sides. This autonomous, noiseless low voltage supply, is regulated to 3-5 volts. Voltage supply is achieved regeneratively. Energy is stored; there is no mains connection.    USE - An autonomous solar power system powering a computer.    ADVANTAGE - The computer becomes not only independent of the mains, it also escapes mains-carried electromagnetic interference. The CPU can be kept cooler. The noise-free environment permits higher data transfer rates. An otherwise relatively functionless surface is put to good use. Data loss due to mains power cuts becomes a thing of the past. The computer is now more environmentally-friendly; its casing is essentially silica-based and it avoids dependence on polluting, conventional power generation.
NOVELTY - A switching device (4) is placed between an object (1) and network equipment (3), controlled by a control unit (7). A switching element (5) in the device is sensitive to radiation, forming an electrically conductive current path when subjected to radiation but adopting an electrically insulating state when the radiation is absent. A control unit controls the switching element by controlling the radiation of the radiation source (8) towards the switching element.    USE - In electrical power plants, networks etc.    ADVANTAGE - Better connection of and reduced load on objects e.g. generators, transformers, motors resulting in less disturbance on the network, cost-effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of connecting/disconnecting objects in a power plant from/to a power network.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the invention.    First pair of columns (120)    Diffusion lines (121-123)    Cells (128-131)    Second pair of columns (135)    Array virtual ground diffusion (136)
A person-mounted transmitter (4---) is initialized by and synchronized with the appropriate receiver (2---) to form a discrete pair. Data are displayed on screen (12,---). Time division multiple access (TDMA) prevents cross-talk with adjacent equipments. Pulse code modulation (PCM) may be used. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing is a schematic of people on exercise machines. Receiver (2), Transmitter (4), Display screen (12). PREFERRED INDUSTRIAL STANDARDS - Fitness monitors are available commercially. WO 97/18639 describes a patient monitoring device for use in hospitals.    USE -   Data, e.g. heart rate, monitoring in an exercise centre.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows use of several pairs of transmitters and receivers without mutual interference.
NOVELTY - An optical filter (4) which uses supersaturation absorber is provided. When the light intensity is more than a threshold value, the supersaturation absorber acts as a transparent body and absorbs the light. When the intensity is less than threshold value, the absorber starts spontaneous emission of light.    USE -   For optical communication.    ADVANTAGE -   High S/N ratio is realized because of use of supersaturation absorber. Optical filter is not wavelength dependent. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of the components of optical receiver. (4) Optical filter.
NOVELTY - The converter has a photo voltaic cell (22) with a photocatalyst accommodated in a case (24). The sides of the case corresponding to the cell is provided with a solar battery (10). The photo voltaic cell generates an electromotive force with the help of photocatalyst. The solar light reflected by the photocatalyst is incident onto the solar battery.    USE -   For photoelectric converter.    ADVANTAGE -   Conversion efficiency is increased without loss of the light of longer wavelength which is incident on the solar battery. By using a reflected type collector for the photo voltaic cell, the degree of condensation of the solar battery can be raised and the probability of light incident to the photo voltaic cell is also increased. By having a reflector behind the photo voltaic cell, the light penetrating the cell is again reflected, thus conversion efficiency is raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of the converter. (10) Solar battery; (22) Photo voltaic cell; (24) Case.
NOVELTY - The hydraulic machine has a draft tube (7) that guides the water flowing out of a runner (4) to a tailrace. An elastic layer (11) is formed in the flowing-water surface interior of the draft tube. The elastic layer has a hollow body made of elastic material, and filled and sealed with gas.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces generation of hydraulic pressure pulsation during partial load operation, noise and oscillation. Suppresses collision energy generated during rotation from runner exit since collision energy is absorbed by the elastic layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional diagram of the hydraulic machine. (4) Runner; (7) Draft tube; (11) Elastic layer.
NOVELTY - Sheath (13) of roof material (1) integrated with solar battery cell (10a), includes an electrode cable (11) and a cable battery and is connected to starter assembly (12) with their respective connectors (11a,12a). The electrode cable outputs electric power generated is solar assembly, whereas the cable battery of starter assembly is connected to ground.    USE -   For roof mounted solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   As cables are enclosed in a single sheath, external wiring is easy. Shock due to accidental shorting of cable to other source is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows side view and sectional view of starter assembly in roof. (1) Roof material; (10a) Solar battery cell; (11) Electrode cable; (11a,12a) Connectors; (12) Starter assembly; (13) Sheath.
NOVELTY - An adjustment unit adjusts the Q-factor of tuning circuit based on the external control signal and the output of infrared ray light receiving unit is demodulated by a demodulator. An evaluation circuit evaluates the demodulated signal which is regulated and output is extracted between the pin photodiode (D1) and coil (L1).    USE -   For infrared ray light reception system.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the variation in pin photodiode is efficiently eliminated, optimum transmission characteristics is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of infrared ray light receiver. (D1) Pin photodiode; (L1) Coil.
NOVELTY - The p-type and n-type semiconductor layers (FL,SL) are obtained from Iny Alx Ga1-x-yN where x0 and y0, which contain an impurity. An ion implantation area is formed on a specific portion of the semiconductor layers. The semiconductor layer is heat treated and is activated to induce high resistance of ion implantation layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A p-type and n-type semiconductor layers (FL,SL) are formed on the single crystal substrate (1). The impurity is chosen from among elements of Mg, Ca and C. The ion implantation area consists of one or more of nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, hydrogen and helium.    USE -   For semiconductor flame sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains UV light receiving element of sufficient quantum efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of semiconductor flame sensor. (1) Single crystal substrate; (FL,SL) p and n type semiconductor layers.
NOVELTY - Several convex lenses are arranged at the central portion of a hemispherical transparent support substrate, with curved surface facing inner side, such that optical path lengths of each convex lens is equal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several optoelectric transducers are arranged individually with specific distance from convex lenses, on the surface of hemispherical transparent support body. The optoelectric transducers of photovoltaic effect, having convex surface which faces inner side, is formed with smaller radius.    USE -   For photoelectric converter used in electricity generation installation, vehicle, ship and also for charger of drive source, power source.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies handling of photoelectric converter. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of photoelectric converter.
NOVELTY - The connection between the silicon layer (3) of battery and the clock drive unit is formed through an electroconductive glue provided on an insulated protective layer (6). When temperature is in the range of 130-170 C, heat hardening of the electroconductive glue is performed.    USE -   For amorphous silicon solar battery used in clock.    ADVANTAGE -   By using electroconductive glue, low resistance connection is ensured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of silicon battery. (3) Amorphous silicon layer; (6) Insulated protective layer.
NOVELTY - The solar battery cell has a light-receiving electrode containing 2 wt.% or less of a phosphorus compound. The whole cell block is covered by transparent resin layers containing phosphorus compound.    The phosphorus content in transparent resin is less than 0.2 wt%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the phosphorus content of the resin is less, discolouring or paling of the resin is eliminated, thereby increasing conversion efficiency. Since soldering is not used, electrode structure is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a sectional view of the electrode structure of the solar battery.
NOVELTY - Semiconductor thin film consists of I group, III group and VI group elements such as In and Ga. The inclusion amount of III group element Ga is 40% or more. The thickness of an optical absorption layer using In and Ga is 1 m or less.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The thickness of an optical absorption layer is 1 m or less, thereby reducing consumption of raw material. Hence cost of solar battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional model diagram of the thin film battery.
NOVELTY - The electrically conductive film (101) which is to be etched, is placed in an electrolyte (104) such that the contact angle of the electrolyte, is 70 or less.    USE -   For manufacturing photovoltaic cell.    ADVANTAGE -   Precise pattern is obtained, as air bubbles generated at the time of electrolytic etching do not influence the substrate. Processing time is reduced and the method is inexpensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing process of solar battery. (101) Electrically conductive film; (104) Electrolyte.
NOVELTY - A substrate (4) is supported by a support base (5) which has a photoelectric converter to perform photoelectric conversion. The support base is formed with spaces inbetween the divided walls for accommodating a grating, which also acts as photoelectric converter.    USE -   For X-ray digital photography apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Bending rigidity is enlarged since support base is provided with several spaces. Prevents damage of substrate. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of photoelectric converter. (4) Substrate; (5) Support base.
NOVELTY - The brake has a supporting body (1), a flywheel (2) with a stator iron core mounted between two plates of the supporting element and a brake iron core (5) of silicon-E-steel plates with coils which applies a magnetic eddy current braking effect to the flywheel. The stator iron core and the brake iron core are connected to cables (32,55). The stator core passes the a.c. current generated by the stator coil to a commutation and harmonic filter circuit (6) and then to a d.c. current generator (7) and an adjustable d.c. current generator (8) to supply the display and measurement devices (9) and the brake core with the required d.c. current.    USE - For sports equipment.    ADVANTAGE - The compact arrangement is suitable for all types of sports equipment and eliminates the need for an external power supply connection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the overall control arrangement.    supporting body(2) flywheel (1)    brake iron core (5)    commutation and harmonic filter circuit (6)    d.c. current generators (7,8)    display and measurement devices (9)
NOVELTY - A thin film solar cell array has its upper electrodes (6) and photovoltaic layers (5) locally removed to allow conductor bridges (10) to contact the back electrodes (4).    USE - Used as a photovoltaic solar module.    ADVANTAGE - The design permits series-connection of the solar cells without coverage of the back and front electrodes of adjacent cells and permits the use of small substrates with the dimensions of the finished cells or the use of large substrates for subsequent cutting to the desired cell size.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photovoltaic device comprises thin film solar cells (1) formed on a single substrate without covering the front and back electrodes of adjacent cells, the gaps between adjacent cells being bridged by conductor bridges (10) which respectively contact the back electrode (4) of one cell and the front electrode (6) of the next cell, the upper electrode (6) and the photovoltaic layer (5) being locally removed in the contact region to the back electrode (4). Preferred Features: The photovoltaic layer consists of copper-indium diselenide or cadmium telluride.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic side view of a series-connection between two solar cells.    Solar cells (1)    Back electrode (4)    Photovoltaic layer (5)    Front electrode (6)    Conductor bridge (10)
NOVELTY - The solar module has a number of solar cells (11-14) connected in series, provided on a common substrate (1) using a thin-film technique, together with respective parallel diodes (21-24), with a projecting edge of each electrode layer (2,4) of a solar cell or diode providing an overlap zone (10,20) with the corresponding electrode layer of the adjacent diode or solar cell.    USE - The device is used as a photovoltaic energy source.    ADVANTAGE - The solar module is protected from damage when one of the solar cells is in shade.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each diode (21-24) is connected in the blocking direction with the adjacent solar cell (11-14) via 2 overlap zones (10,20) provided respectively by the front electrode layer of the diode and the rear electrode layer of the solar cell and the rear electrode layer of the diode and the front electrode layer of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a line diagram of part of a solar module.    Substrate (1)    Overlap zones (10,20)    Solar cells (11-14)    Diodes (21-24)
NOVELTY - A locking unit (2) includes an operation rod (23) that is moved in reverse or forward direction along a guide groove to axially move a moving body (21) along a cylindrical support body (22). The operation rod is provided near the edge section of the moving body whose end point (21a) is fitted into the base round hole (33) of a rim portion (32) when the operation rod is moved forward. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The support body of the locking unit is held in a watertight container which contains a generator (3) integrated to a water turbine. The moving body slides axially on the inner peripheral surface of the support body. The whole locking unit is mounted on the surface of a support floor (4) for an exciter (95).    USE -   Used in a hydroelectric power station.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies operation of locking device for sliding movement of the moving body at short period time. Ensures exact confirmation of the running condition of the bulb-unit electrical power generating device. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded view of the predetermined part of a bulb-unit electrical power generating device. (2) Locking unit; (3) Generator; (4) Support floor; (21) Moving body; (21a) End point; (22) Support body; (23) Operation rod; (32) Rim portion; (33) Base round hole; (95) Exciter.
NOVELTY - A movable-vane airscrew type runner (6) performs the collection of fluid energy flowed out from a Francis-turbine runner (2) with a predetermined swing-speed component during a generation mode. The movable-vane airscrew type runner, which interlocks with a rotary shaft (1), is provided at the lower end of the Francis-turbine runner fixed at the lower end of the shaft.    USE -   Used in a hydroelectric power station.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces noise and oscillation of hydraulic machine since hydraulic-pressure flow ripple of draft tube result from swing flow can be reduced. Attains improvement of running maintenance and magnification of an operating range. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of a hydraulic machine. (1) Rotary shaft; (2) Francis-turbine runner; (6) Movable-vane airscrew type runner.
NOVELTY - The module (3) of the solar battery (1) is attached to the frame material (2) by the fixing tool (4). Fixing tool consists of groove (6) and a clamp face (5) which is screwed onto the edge of the solar battery which provides suspended piece (14).    USE -   For solar battery module mounted in roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Slipping of the battery module is prevented by the groove which keeps it in position. The solar battery module is stuck reliably to the clamp face by the screws. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of the attachment structure. (1) Solar battery; (2) Frame material; (3) Module; (4) fixing tool; (5) Clamp face; (6) Groove.
NOVELTY - The support (2) is fixed on the roof surface by a screw (33) that is made to pass through floor plate (3) of the support. The frame (110) of the solar battery module (100) is supported in a step board (23) in the support. A sink gutter (4) that has upward projecting edge (41) is included in the support.    USE -   For fixing solar battery module on roof surface.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy and reliable supporting of longitudinal frame of solar battery module. Facilitates effective drainage of invaded water. Improves water-proof effect between rails and longitudinal frame. Maintains beautiful appearance of rail by providing cover at one side. Improves water-proofness of flat tile that is arranged adjacent to rails. Prevents blow-off of solar battery module by wind pressure. Prevents rain water penetration from front side. Maintains excellent fire prevention property by attaching ventilation module. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery module attachment rail. (2) Support; (3) Floor plate; (4) Sink gutter; (23) Step board; (33) Screw; (41) Projecting edge; (100) Solar battery module; (110) Frame.
NOVELTY - A solar battery cell is firmly fixed between reinforced pane of glass and a bag film. The bag film is laminated via a sealing material by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with thickness of 0.02-0.2 mm.    USE -   For installing solar battery in roofing tile.    ADVANTAGE -   Generating of toxic gas during combustion is low. Deposition of dust by wind and rain is prevented, as roofing tile does not have high protrusion. Surface of solar battery is clean due to smooth flow of shower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows roofing tile with solar battery.
NOVELTY - Solar panels (10) are mounted on corresponding attachment plate (8) respectively. The attachment piece (32) of each attachment plate is fixed to a bracket (9) of a foundation plate (7) using screws. The attachment plates are arranged such that protrusion (33) of one plate is fixed into recess of another plate, respectively.    USE -   For installing building roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates gap between adjacent solar panels, since attachment plate are arranged such that protrusion of one plate is fixed to recess of another. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional view of the solar panel attachment structure. (7) Foundation plate; (8) Attachment plate; (9) Bracket; (10) Solar panels; (32) Attachment piece; (33) Protrusion.
NOVELTY - Pipe connecting portions (13A,13B) are provided in the lower portion of a convex-shaped casing (10). The pipe connecting portion is opened or closed by a movable door (20) which is operated with an hydraulic cylinder (30). The door is provided with a convex surface.    USE -   For opening or closing embedded draft channel in hydroelectric power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy installation at site, as the size and weight are reduced. Possesses high pressure withstanding ability, as the door has a convex surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front elevational view of draft gate structure. (10) Casing; (13A,13B) Pipe connecting portions; (20) Movable door; (30) Hydraulic cylinder.
A solar cell module manufacturing method comprising: (i) placing a solar cell module main body (2) in a metallic mould (6) composed of an releasable front mould (61) and a rear mould (62) for forming a main body portion cavity (63) with shape equivalent to that of the solar cell module main body and sealing portion cavities (64) for forming sealing members (3) between the front and the rear moulds when the metallic mould is closed; and (ii) injecting a reactive sealing material obtained by mixing polyol and isocyanate in the metallic mould so as to seal peripheral portions of the solar cell module main body by the sealing material, where the polyol is polyether polyol and the isocyanate is methane-diphenyl isocyanate.    ADVANTAGE -   Generation of cracks in a glass plate used in a solar cell module main body during a moulding process is prevented because viscosity of the sealing material is low and the sealing material is cured by heat with low temperature.
NOVELTY - Solar cell comprises an array of photocells (1). Coverglass protective members (3) are formed on the photocells, each protective member having an edge portion (19) and an upper light transmissive charge conducting semiconductor layer (2) on it. Interconnects (13) are electrically coupled between the photocells. Each semiconductor layer is wrapped around the edge portion of the protective members, and is in electrical contact with an interconnect.    USE - For use on the solar panels of satellites, to convert emitted, visible solar light into electrical power.    ADVANTAGE - Voltages exceeding the discharge threshold do not build up, and any excessive coverglass charges are drained to electrical ground, without blocking incident light and reducing power output. The method is simple and efficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the solar cell.    Photocells (1)    Semiconductor layer (2)    Coverglass protective member (3)    Interconnects (13)    Edge portion (19)
NOVELTY - Liquid nitrogen storage units (2,8) of both a manufacturing apparatus (3) and a radiation detector (1) are connected by a replenishment pipe (10). Two separate controllers control the amount of liquid nitrogen stored in storage units of the manufacturing apparatus and radiation detector and maintains the amount of liquid nitrogen at greater than a fixed quantity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Nitrogen gas from air is extracted and cooled by the liquid nitrogen manufacturing apparatus to obtain liquid nitrogen. The radiation detector requires liquid nitrogen for cooling purposes.    USE -   In nuclear power stations.    ADVANTAGE -   The replenishment of liquid nitrogen to the liquid nitrogen storage unit of radiation detector is simple and the performance of the radiation detector by the microphonic noise is not degraded. Simple and effective utilization of the liquid nitrogen manufacturing apparatus within a radiation controlled area is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the components of the radiation detection apparatus. (1) Radiation detector; (2,8) Storage units; (3) Liquid nitrogen manufacturing apparatus; (10) Replenishment pipe.
NOVELTY - A water turbine runner (26) is rotatably arranged in a runner cover (24). A draft tube (28) is provided below the water turbine runner. The internal circumferential surface of the draft tube has enclosed bodies (30) provided with a cavity (30a). An air supply hole (29) is provided on the center of each enclosed body. A communicating vessel (31) penetrates the wall of the draft tube with a cavity.    USE -   Used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Generation of vacuum pillar at center of draft tube can be effectively prevented. Prevents air supply structure from resonating. Reduces number of piping connections. Eliminates need to secure piping space to attach air supply structure to existing hydraulic machine. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of the hydraulic machine. (24) Runner cover; (26) Water turbine runner; (28) Draft tube; (29) Air supply hole; (30) Enclosed body; (30a) Cavity; (31) Communicating vessel.
NOVELTY - The floating river plant for current generation is held by floating bodies over the water surface. The scoops can be moved vertically and horizontally. The vanes rotate reciprocally and both vanes transmit the drive force at the same time to the driving wheel. The plant can be driven by wind power as well.    USE - Generating current.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the plant.
NOVELTY - Solar cells are mounted on a ship, with sea water used as the electrolyte. The produced hydrogen is compressed for storage on board.    USE - For the production of hydrogen from sea water by solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - A cheap way to produce hydrogen, using freely available resources such as sea water and solar energy. Being mounted on a ship the unit can always be in the sunniest, calmest, location.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A ship has solar cells that supply power not only to electrolyze the sea water and produce hydrogen but also to provide power to run compressors and to navigate the ship. Power for this is supplied directly as electrical energy or indirectly by burning some of the hydrogen. The solar cells occupy the major portion of the deck surface and are divided into a number of sets. Each set contains three stacked plates. The bottom plate is firmly attached to the ship and the other two may be fanned out about horizontal axes to provide a maximum area open to the sun. The plates can be retracted in inclement weather. Further solar collectors can be floated off-board. Sea water is filtered and desalinated before being passed to the electrolysis cells. The hydrogen produced there is compressed and stored in spherical pressure vessels that are placed both above and below deck. The ship can be specially built or, more economically, be a salvaged wreck, recommissioned for service.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross section of the hydrogen-producing ship.
NOVELTY - Dummy receivers (25a,25b) are provided at the exterior ends of the series of receivers (21) which are arranged at regular intervals.    USE -   For photodiode array.    ADVANTAGE -   Influence of excess of electric field supplied to the receivers at the end of the diode array can be cutoff, thereby achieving uniform current sensitivity characteristic for all receivers. Simplifies manufacture of photodiode array. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of photodiode array. (21) Receivers; (25a,25b) Dummy receivers.
NOVELTY - Lower laminated structure consisting of common contact layer (3), multiplex quantum well layer (5) and electrode (19) formed over substrate (1) is isolated from upper lamination structure consisting of contact layer (11), multiplex quantum well layer (13), contact layer (14) and electrode (17) using separation layer (7). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The quantum layers in the two laminated structures absorbs lights with different wavelengths. High resistance region (9) and separation grooves are provided on surface sides of contact structure in lower and upper lamination structures respectively. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a manufacturing method of optical sensor.    USE -   For detecting IR rays emitting low temperature and high temperature objects.    ADVANTAGE -   Degree of freedom during design of sensor is enhanced. Photoelectric currents corresponding to different wavelengths can be extracted simultaneously. Response to lights of different wavelengths is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view of the optical sensor. (3,11,14) Contact layers; (5,13) Multiplex quantum layers; (9) High resistance region; (17,19) Electrode.
NOVELTY - The apparatus combines several arbitrarily shaped solar batteries (1) of different modalities.    USE -   For acquiring solar energy of different modalities, simultaneously.    ADVANTAGE -   Saves installation space. Cost and energy required for manufacturing a compound solar energy acquisition apparatus, are reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of compound solar energy acquisition apparatus. (1) Solar batteries.
NOVELTY - The p-n junction (120) formed by semiconductor layer (104) containing chalcopyrite group compound and semiconductor layer (105) containing CdS, ZnSe, ZnO, ZnS is formed on the substrate. The p-i-n junction (121) is formed by a pair of dope layers (107, 109) with 'i' layer (108) between.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - On the substrate (102), a lower electrode (103), p-n junction (120), transparent conductive layer (106), p-i-n junction (121) and transparent conductive layer (110) are formed sequentially. The dope layers (107-109) of different conductivity type contains non-mono crystal silicon group material containing hydrogen. The i layer (108) contains fine crystal silicon group compound.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included that describes photovoltaic cell manufacturing method.    USE -   For photosensor in solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves short wavelength sensitivity thereby detection of wide range light from ultraviolet to near infrared region is facilitated. Improves opening voltage, reduces operating voltage and hence improves photoelectric conversion efficiency. Since collector electrode is thin, shadow loss is reduced. Since the operating current is lowered, reduction of FF by resistance component is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure depicts a sectional view of the photovoltaic cell. (102) Substrate; (103) Lower electrode; (104,105) Semiconductor layers; (106, 110) Transparent conductive layers; (108) i layer; (107,109) Dope layers; (120) p-n junction; (121) p-i-n junction.
NOVELTY - Solar battery (22) is installed on the eaves (20) of the building and the power generated is consumed in the building.    USE -   For effective use of eaves of building for power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Energy conservation is effectively attained by consuming power generated by solar battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front elevation of the shutter for buildings above which eaves are provided. (20) Eaves; (22) Solar battery.
(US2003198476-A1)   NOVELTY - A phase modulator (23) modulates the phase of optical signal output from a laser source (22) with a multichannel video signal. An intensity modulator (24) modulates the intensity of optical signal with microwave signal. A photodiode (25) receives and outputs the phase modulated microwave signal.    USE - Signal converter for transmitting multichannel analog signal and digital video signal to user's home, through optical fiber transmission system (claimed) used in cable television (CATV) network.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to obtain signal converter having improved carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) characteristics. Reduces wavelength dispersion in optical fiber communication system using the signal converter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) optical transmitter;    (2) optical fiber transmission system;    (3) multichannel optical fiber transmission system;    (4) optical signal converter; and    (5) optical receiver.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the signal converter.    laser source (22)    phase modulator (23)    intensity modulator (24)    photodiode (25)    signal converter (103)
NOVELTY - A guard plate (14) whose periphery is larger than that of the filler layer (12) is arranged over the filler layer (12), such that a step (18) is formed between the peripheral portion of filler layer (12) and the guard plate. A sealing resin (16) from dispenser seals the circumference of filler layers (12,13) so that the step is covered integrally.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar battery (11) is sealed inbetween filler layers (12,13) that are made of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) resin.    USE -   For polycrystalline, single crystal solar battery modules manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the sealing resin injection from dispenser is automated, mass production is achieved, and stability and reliability of quality are secured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is an expanded sectional view of end face processing state of solar battery module manufacturing process. (11) Solar battery; (12, 13) Filler layers; (14) Guard plate; (16) Sealing resin; (18) Step.
NOVELTY - One end of solar battery module is wound around a shaft (3) of a rolling-up drum (2). The shaft of the drum enclosed within a housing (1), rotates as the module is expanded. A handle (6) is attached to the free end of solar battery module for easy extraction.    USE -   For supplying power to electrical appliances installed in outdoors.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves handling and portable nature. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows plan view and side view of expanded state of solar battery module. (1) Housing; (2) Rolling-up drum; (3) Shaft; (6) Handle.
NOVELTY - Solar battery modules (101,102) are connected with wire which has many core wires (106,107). Electric energy extractors (105,111) for deriving electric power from solar battery element, are connected to each core wire. The core wire is also connected to ground (108,112) of solar battery modules.    USE -   Used in solar power generation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   A ground cable is not provided separately as core wire itself is connected to ground of solar battery modules and hence operation is made simple. Workability is improved as ground of solar battery modules are connected simultaneously. Checking of grounding resistance of solar battery is made simple by measuring resistance between ground of two poles of solar battery modules. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of solar battery array. (101,102) Solar battery modules; (105,111) Electric energy extractors; (106,107) Core wires; (108,112) Ground.
NOVELTY - The surface pattern (11) of chip (1) is aligned to marker (21) attached to a jig (12) and the chip is temporarily fixed to suitable position on jig using adhesive material. The procedure is repeated for several chips (2,3) and the jig is attached to a substrate (16) by aligning its marker (22) to substrate marker (23) and soldering the chips to substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The jig (12) is removed after bonding the chips (1-3) to substrate (16) by heating the entire assembly. The jig is removed at a predetermined temperature less than the solder melting temperature. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the chip sized optical component manufacturing apparatus.    USE -   For use in optical communication apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   The chips are aligned to the substrate exactly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of manufacturing method of optical module. (1-3) Chips; (11) Chip surface pattern; (12) Jig; (16) Substrate; (21,22) Markers.
NOVELTY - A balancing weight (18) matches a center of mass of a mobile structure with the axis of a bearing pedestal (22). The latter define a system of supported immersed conduit for taking advantage of the stream, with a special shape, that will promote compression at the entry side and a suction effect by depression at exit side, easing the water flow through the conduit (1). The velocity through a turbine impeller (2) is higher than that outside stream before the conduit entrance (10).    USE - In a hydro-reactor, which is designed to be used for production of electric power.    ADVANTAGE - Allows to be used not only in rivers but also in estuaries or inlets, where the stream direction changes due to the tidal effect.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing gives a general overview of the hydro-reactor structure through a longitudinal section symmetrical to plane defined by the conduit axis and the bearing pedestal axis.    conduit (1)    turbine impeller (2)    entrance (10)    balancing weight (18)    bearing pedestal (22)
NOVELTY - An electromagnetic transceiver communicating with a receiver in the exercise apparatus, is located in a housing (43) fitted with buttons (50) for controlling the settings of the apparatus. The housing is mounted from a handle (56), which is grasped by the person using the apparatus, who then controls the buttons with the thumb of the grasping hand.    USE - For remote controlling of exercise apparatus, such as a treadmill.    ADVANTAGE - Allows the user to control the exercise apparatus while keeping the hands free or while simultaneously exercising the arms by lifting weights.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Weight segments (62) can be added to the handle for extra weight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the remote control.    Transceiver housing (43)    Control buttons (50)    Handle (56)    Weight segment (62)
NOVELTY - Several guide vanes are distributed between runner and stay vane. The wings (1) of the guide vane rotating around a shaft (2), moves along a predetermined path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of guide vane.    USE -   In pump turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves position relationship of guide and stay vanes during large flow hence prevents backwash of guide vane. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows external view of guide vane of pump turbine. (1) Wings; (2) Shaft.
NOVELTY - Support rail (15) supports solar panel (10) provided on roof so that ventilator (20) is formed between panel and roof upper portion. A connection hole which is connected to ventilator is provided at side of support rail that is contacted with roof attachment structure.    USE -   For building roof with solar panel.    ADVANTAGE -   Cooling effect of solar panel is not reduced even when intermediate part of inclined roof is provided with roof attachment structure as connection hole is joined with ventilator. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional view of support rail which is not contacted with roof attachment structure. (10) Solar panel; (15) Support rail; (20) Ventilator.
NOVELTY - Surface side of cladding (2) of metallic roof material (1) is provided with solar battery cell (3), while the rear side is equipped with a pipe (4) which passes through heating medium. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Elongate folding panel of the roof material casing, has rising section and trough formed alternately. The rising section which is formed in upward convex shaped surface, attaches solar battery cell and pipe.    USE -   For covering roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers roof material with high utilization efficiency of solar energy. As the solar battery cell is attached by rising section, surface of solar battery is not affected by adherence of dust or refuse or fall of rain, thereby condensing power reduction is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of principal part of roof covered by roof material. (1) Metallic roof material; (2) cladding; (3) Solar battery cell; (4) Pipe.
NOVELTY - The battery unit (A) consists of a base material (1) above which a cementing layer (2), a solar battery module (3), another cementing layer (4) and a transparent outer layer (5) are laminated, sequentially.    USE -   The battery unit is installed in roof surface of building for generating electricity using solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the solar battery unit is compact, conveyance, installation and construction is simple. The outer layer increases weather resistance and waterproof property of the battery unit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates explanatory drawing of solar battery. (1) Base material; (2,4) Cementing layers; (3) Solar battery module; (5) Transparent outer layer.
NOVELTY - The multifunctional sheet (100) consists of a base film (1) containing luminous member (2) with punched through hole (6). A photocatalyst (3) is provided on both sides of a base film.    The material for base film is acrylic type resin, alkyl melamine resin, silicone group resin, vinyl acetate group resin, fluorine group resin, epoxy group resin, urethane group resin, ultraviolet cured resin, natural rubber, isobutylene-isoprene rubber, vinyl chloride group resin, phenol resin, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin, polystyrene resin, styrenic resin, polyamide resin or inorganic glass.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The photocatalyst disassembles the polluted substance, adhered on the surface of the sheet. When the luminous material is switched off, the photocatalyst and solar battery functions to emit the light and the area is illuminated. The solar battery generates electricity, there by energy is conserved and environment is preserved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a sectional drawing of the multifunctional sheet. (1) Base film; (2) Luminous member; (3) Photocatalyst; (4) Liquid; (6) Through- hole; (100) Sheet.
NOVELTY - Image sensor tips receive reflected light from a document and output the read image signal based on the light reception quantity when light is projected on the document from a light source. A phototransistor (PT1) detects the quantity of light received by the image sensor tip.    USE -   For document image reader.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents reduction in reading accuracy even when amount of light emitted from light source varies with ambient temperature. Improves reading speed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of controller mounted on board of document reader. (PT1) Phototransistor.
NOVELTY - Solar cells are provided along with parabolic antenna which receives EM waves. The power generated in solar cells is utilized for electricity.    USE -   For solar water heating system and for providing standby electric power to remote control of TV, personal computer.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables effective utilization of space and power which is generated in solar cells. Enables power saving as power generated in solar cells is utilized for standby power supply of TV. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front view of the antenna.
NOVELTY - The P-N junction of the receiver comprises a P- type board (4) and a N-type epitaxial layer (6) formed on the board. Another P-N junction comprises N-type epitaxial layer and a P-type grounded extension area (7) formed on the epitaxial layer. A grounded conductive layer (23) connects the extension area electrically and shields the noise signal.    USE -   Used in photocouplers.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses noise signal and electrostatic coupling. The meshed electrically conductive layer effects shielding without reducing light incident quantity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of light receiving element. (4) P-type board; (6) N- type epitaxial layer; (7) P-type grounded extension area; (23) Grounded conductive layer.
NOVELTY - A groove is formed on a board (101) by dicing process, done diagonally to the board main surface along the thickness direction. The opening (106) of the board is made and the mechanical power is added to the board, thereby groove base position is formed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Two transparent semiconductor layers (102,103) are formed on the board, on which light is incident. The side end surface of the board is diagonally formed to the perpendicular main surface of the board.    USE -   For manufacturing semiconductor light receiving element e.g. PIN diode.    ADVANTAGE -   High reliable endface refractive semiconductor light receiving unit having raised characteristics is offered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the semiconductor light receiving unit. (101) Board(102,103) Transparent semiconductor layers; (106) Opening of the board.
NOVELTY - Resistance of resistor (RL ) connected to light receiving circuit is greater than resistance (RN) between optical absorption layer and one electrode to the circuit in a substrate (200).    USE -   For optical information processing in optical communication.    ADVANTAGE -    Fabrication is simplified as several photodiodes are formed on identical substrate where photoelectric current from photodiode does not affect another photodiode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of light receiving circuit. (200) Substrate; (RL ,RN) Resistors.
NOVELTY - An absorption layer (13) of copper-indium and gallium-selenium group compound or cadmium tellurium is provided over a glass substrate (11). The layer holds the slow cooling point of the glass above a set temperature and the coefficient of expansion within certain range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The slow cooling point is above 550 C. The coefficient of expansion is 6 x 10-6C - 10 x 10-6C. The glass substrate comprises 40-80 wt.% silica, 5-15 wt.% alumina, 1-15 wt.% each of sodium oxide and potassium oxide, and 1-10 wt.% magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, barium oxide and zinc oxide.    USE -   For compound thin film batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents distortion and improves yield by raising slow cooling point and lowering thermal expansion coefficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a structural drawing of CIGS group solar battery. (11) Glass substrate; (13) Thin film.
NOVELTY - Relay terminal (63) is attached to bypass diode (21) and boss (87) of terminal is passed through hole on the main body (67) of connection box. The boss is subjected to heating and crushing thereby fixing the relay terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Relay terminals (63) are formed integrally with separators inbetween. Output cables (11,13) are welded and mounted on connection box main body using fittings (97,99) and its boss (87) are fixed by same technique.    USE -   For attachment of terminals for bypass diode connection in solar battery modules attached to roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces number of parts involved thereby reducing manufacturing cost. Improves operation efficiency by attachment of relay terminals after heating and crushing of boss. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan view illustrating internal structure of connection box between solar battery modules to which the terminals are attached. (11,13) Output cables; (21) Bypass diode; (63) Relay terminals; (67) Main body of connection box; (87) Boss; (97,99) Main body fittings.
NOVELTY - A thin film (6b) introduces X-rays in a gas flow path. A pressure controller (10) sets exhaust pressure of gas to predetermined value. An detector (6c) detects electron emission due to ionization of gas with X-rays, based on which ionized electrons from X-ray analysis is determined.    USE -   For detecting gas flow through proportional counter tubes.    ADVANTAGE -   Release of ion in atmospheric air is prevented and variation of exhaust pressure is suppressed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional block diagram for explaining the X-ray detector. (6b) Thin film; (6c) Detector; (10) Pressure controller.
NOVELTY - The solar energy panel is designed for ease of integration into a normal tiled roof. The unit has a mounting panel (3) with a central rectangular solar cell collection region (4). The edges of the collector panel have holes for fixing nails (9) and these are covered by an array of tiles (2) that overlap and provide a watertight action. A number of solar panels may be integrated into the roof.    USE - Solar energy collection.    ADVANTAGE - Ease of installation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - General view of installation    Mounting panel (3)    Collection region (4)    Fixing nails (9)    Tiles (2)
Photocatalysts that absorb light in the visible wavelength region (380-780 nm) comprise a homogeneous mixture of at least 60% Ti, Zn, Fe, Mn, Mo and/or W oxide(s) and less than 40% Pt, Rh, Mn, Cr, Ru, Ni, Pd, Fe, Co, Ir, Cu, Mo, Zr, Re, Ag and/or Au ions in oxide or halide form.    Also claimed is a process for producing the above photocatalysts by polymerisation or polycondensation of hydrolysable soluble compounds of the above metals at pH 0 to 10 in a sol-gel process at pH value between 0-7, followed by mild drying and slow calcination.    USE -   The photocatalysts are useful for (a) light-induced degradation of pollutants in air or water, preferably where the catalyst is supported on a carrier such as glass, ceramic, paper, mortar, cement, wood, plastic or a natural material, and where the light is visible light, especially sunlight or artificial light, and (b) generating electric current in a photoelectrochemical solar cell in which the photocatalyst is used as a photoactive layer.
NOVELTY - Photo-electrochemical solar cells with a dye for converting photons into electrons and a means of generating useful electrical current therefrom, in which the dye is N,N'-bis-(2,5-di-tert.-butylphenyl)- or N,N'-bis-(2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic acid di-imide, rosolic acid or carbol fuchsin.    USE - For generating electricity from solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - These dyes are commercially readily available and inexpensive, easily handled and readily soluble in ethanol or dioxan etc. They are able to convert photons into electrons with high efficiency and are stable for 2 years in full sunlight.
NOVELTY - The roof foundation (6) has several support brackets (8) attached to it. The support brackets offer support to many vertical materials (9). The solar battery modules (2) are supported on the surface by the brackets such that gap is not formed at places where vertical material is present. A pair of housing materials (11) provides support to the module unit (10).    USE -   For mounting solar battery on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   As the solar battery module is formed without gap at vertical portion, air passage between gap is avoided thereby electricity generation efficiency is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of solar battery. (2) Solar battery modules; (6) Roof foundation; (8) Support brackets; (9) Vertical materials; (10) Module unit; (11) Housing materials.
NOVELTY - A series of solar cell panels (3) is installed on a roof base. A wedge-shaped spacer is provided on the roof base extending above upper surface of the panel to carry left and right titles (11,11a,12,12a). The lower end surface of sagging (8) is grounded to the panel.    USE -   For installing solar panel on tile roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Provision of spacer on roof base simplifies construction of solar panel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic plan of the solar panel. (3) Solar cell panels; (8) Sagging; (11,11a) Left tiles; (12,12a) Right tiles.
NOVELTY - A frame (11) supports the solar battery module (12) provided on the surface of a solar panel (1). The support unit protruding from the frame of solar panel has a stopping tool attachment hole (3) drilled over its surface. The screw inserted into the stopping tool hole fixes solar battery module to the frame. The support unit is attached to the roof portion of the apparatus.    USE -   For solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   The screw passed into the stopping tool attachment hole, enables fixing of solar modules directly to the roof. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures shows the isometric diagram of the solar panel. (1) Solar panel; (3) Stopping tool attachment hole(11) Frame; (12) Solar battery module.
NOVELTY - The roof panel has a pair of longitudinal frames (18,20) extending to its front edge to support the sides of a solar battery module (14). A snow stop frame (29) is fixed crosswise to the front edge of the longitudinal frames.    USE -   For prefabricated factory, residential building.    ADVANTAGE -   High altitude work is reduced, by arranging the snow stop frame in the prefabricated roof panel. Effective activity of space of roof surface can be achieved by adjusting the longitudinal frames. Snow stop frame at front edge is installed with sufficient support rigidity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of snow stopping roof panel with solar battery. (14) Solar battery module; (18,20) Longitudinal frames; (29) Snow stop frame.
NOVELTY - A solar battery module (2) and an electric heater (4) are fixed to top and bottom surfaces of a metallic roof sheet (1) to constitute an integral structure. The battery module harnesses solar energy to power the electric heater.    USE -   For de-icing of roof board in buildings and civil constructions.    ADVANTAGE -   Since roof material is made in a factory, site work is greatly reduced. Thus architectural installation work is simplified. Aesthetic value of building is protected since special purpose solar battery attachment frame is not used. Proper insulation prevents deterioration of electric heater. Distributed arrangement of supplementary heating elements aids in comprehensive de-icing of all areas. Thus versatile roof board is realized without compromising economic competitiveness. Wasteful heat transfer is avoided by providing insulator in bottom surface of roof board. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial notch perspective diagram of solar powered de-icing apparatus for roof boards. (1) Roof sheet; (2) Solar battery module; (4) Electric heater.
NOVELTY - A shield board (16), positioned under a vane (12), prevents watercourses to the vane from a water turbine (10) arranged in a channel (2). The hydraulic power drive type cleaner (1) has a rake (4) driven by the hydraulic power of the water turbine.    USE -   For hydraulic power drive type cleaner.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures reliable rotation of water turbine, since load of water turbine shaft is resisted. Removes dust adhering on screen. Increases water quantity flowing on top of shield board. Increases flow velocity of watercourses on shield board. Enhances pressure equivalent to vane of water turbine. Increases efficiency of water turbine. Stabilizes direction of watercourses and prevents occurrence of turbulence. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a water turbine apparatus. (1) Hydraulic power drive type cleaner; (2) Channel; (4) Rake; (10) Water turbine; (12) Vane; (16) Shield board.
NOVELTY - Based on a set program, movement load is given to the user. The user's condition such as pulse rate and pedal rotational speed are detected. When the user's condition and rotational speed exceeds a predetermined range, the detected parameters are flashed on a display and a warning is emitted.    USE -   In muscle exercising apparatus such as ergometer.    ADVANTAGE -   The user can know the exact body condition since the pulse rate, etc are detected and displayed. Burden to the body of user by sudden stoppage of movement is reduced by slowing down the movement. Exact physical strength measurement, such as the pulse rate is determined.
NOVELTY - A movement load value setting unit estimates the campaigner's load based on the pulse rate measured by a pulse rate detector and sets up the movement load value in arbitrary levels depending on the estimated result. The movement load unit gives the movement load to the campaigner corresponding to the set movement load value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for multistage movement load pulse rate characteristics estimation method.    USE -   For measuring campaigner's physical strength.    ADVANTAGE -   The appropriate load corresponding to the rate and physical strength of campaigner, is provided.
NOVELTY - The training apparatus computes the permissible load based on the learner's body data input. Load size scaling is then performed based on the information of computed permissible load.    USE -   For motorbike learners.    ADVANTAGE -   A suitable load fluctuation can be obtained as the load size scaling is performed based on the upper limit of load size.
NOVELTY - Before movement, an individual data entry switch (40) inputs individual data which comprises body data. A program input switch (30) selects input of training program before movement. An operation switch (50) arranged in front of console panel operates during movement.    USE -   For ergometer.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers sufficient operativity during movement since the switch which is operated during movement is arranged in front of console panel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the console panel. (30) Program input switch; (40) Individual data entry switch; (50) Operation switch.
NOVELTY - A background video and user related video are synthesized and displayed on an indicator screen (1). An actual operation of the user is made to coordinate the user related video. Depending on the users organism function, the background video is varied.    USE -   For exercising tool.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves interest in exercising, by user simulation display. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is block diagram showing the structure of exercising tool. (1) Indicator screen.
NOVELTY - Electrodeposition or electroless deposition is used to form a high quality indium oxide film for various semiconductor elements    USE - For production of semiconductor elements having a portion to which light is impinged and voltage impressed.    ADVANTAGE - Uniform film thickness and property over a large area is possible at high speed without requiring a large scale apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An indium oxide film is formed on an electroconductive substrate by immersing the substrate and a counter electrode in an aqueous solution containing at least nitrate and indium ions, then flowing electric current between the substrate and counter electrode. ADDITIONALLY CLAIMED are:    (1) a semiconductor element substrate with the indium oxide film formed on it;    (2) a photovoltaic element with electroconductive layers;    (3) an aqueous solution to form the oxide film by electroless deposition; and    (4) an electroless deposition process to form the oxide film on the semiconductor substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures shows a schematic of the film forming apparatus.
NOVELTY - A substrate (1) is made of two different ceramic materials. The thermal expansion mean coefficient of first and second ceramic materials is larger and smaller than that of silicon, respectively. The ceramic composite material has mean coefficient of thermal expansion between 90-110% of silicon.    USE -   For thin film solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Mechanical strength of substrate is excellent by providing ceramic layers of different thermal coefficient. Leakage of current is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of thin film solar battery. (1) Substrate.
NOVELTY - An insulated thin film (15) is formed on the exposed end face of the semiconductor thin film. A metal backside electrode (16) is formed on whole surface of the multilayered structure. A groove (133) is formed on metal backside electrode and insulated thick film, to form primary and secondary cells, respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A groove (131) is formed on a transparent electrode film (12) formed on an insulated substrate (11). A semiconductor thin film (14) is formed on whole surface of substrate. A groove (132) is formed on the semiconductor thin film, to expose the electrode film.    USE -   For integrated solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The electric short circuit of metal backside electrodes of primary and secondary cells are prevented by forming an insulated thick film. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the manufacturing method of integrated solar battery. (11) Insulated substrate; (12) Transparent electrode film; (14) Semiconductor thin films; (15) Insulated thick film; (16) Metal backside electrode; (131-133) Grooves.
NOVELTY - A radiation board (70) is heated by a condensed solar light (11) thermally. A coiled spring (40) connected thermally with the radiation board is deformed thermally due to the increase in temperature of the board so that the position or the angle of a solar light beam condenser is varied with respect to the solar light projection angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar light condenser has a condenser lens or a reflecting plate to condense a solar light. A solar cell (30) converts the condensed solar light into electrical power. The coiled spring (40) is mechanically connected at one end with a solar light condenser. The spring is deformed thermally due to a change in temperature.    USE -   For solar power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies structure of solar light tracking apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates side view of solar battery module. (11) Solar light; (30) Solar cell; (40) Coiled spring; (70) Radiation board.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (6) comprises a silicon crystal layer or an amorphous silicon layer. When the solar battery is heated by a heater (21), arranged backside of battery far infrared ray from the silicon crystal layer or an amorphous silicon layer is radiated.    USE -   For solar power generation roof installed in building for de-icing work.    ADVANTAGE -   The de-icing of entire snow coverage on roof sheathing is removed effectively, by equalizing battery heating. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts partial fracture perspective view of roof sheathing with solar battery. (6) Solar battery; (21) Heater.
NOVELTY - The solar energy battery together with solar energy cells is produced in the form of a roof covering for a building. The units are of a size that mounting and removal of batteries is straightforward and can be tiles or corrugated sheets. Builtinto the units is a voltage converter that allows the battery output to be fed into the mains supply of the house    USE - For recovery of solar energy    ADVANTAGE - Ease of installation.
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a partially immersed bucket wheel and converts the water flow motion into a rotary motion to drive a current generator. There is at least one float, on which the bucket wheel is rotatably mounted with its shaft above the surface of the water. The float body consists of at least two pontoons arranged adjacently along the flow direction and connected to a platform.    USE - for generating electrical current from water force.    ADVANTAGE - can be simply installed and operated without altering the course of the water or its banks or erecting structures.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a lateral view of the arrangement.    Bucket wheel (1)    Shaft (2)    Platform (4)    Pontoons (5)    Current generator (11)
NOVELTY - The arrangement has one or more waterwheels located beside or near one another of an identical type of construction, in every desired large number through arbitrary combinations, which are driven in the same direction by the natural water flow present. The extracted energy is converted into electrical energy by generators.    USE - For selective multiplication of floating electricity water power plants.    ADVANTAGE - Low cost design needing no dams or separate power house, etc..    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The individual waterwheels are mounted on floating boats and are carried by them. The axles of the individual wheels of the same row of axles can be connected in the middle boats for force agglomeration by coupling sleeves and can be exchanged individually in the case of repair.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the power plant.
NOVELTY - The exchangeable lamellae of the solar cell venetian blind are interconnected by flexible wires of electrically conductive material. A contact rail brings together the threaded wires. The lamellae are connected in parallel. The lamellae are constructed as solar cells.    USE - For solar cell laminated panels suitable for venetian blinds.    ADVANTAGE - Compact design for greatest possible energy yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows plan view of two lamellae with wiring and contact rail.
NOVELTY - Lateral support, supported by turbine head cover (156) provides lateral support to generator (126). The head cover is provided at the end (104) of hydroelectric installation (106). The head cover is connected to passage way (110) close to the outlet port (114). The support is rotatably attached to a shaft (140).    USE - For supporting generator in hydroelectric installation.    ADVANTAGE - Size and complexity of deck is reduced as inlet port is arranged close to generator than to outlet port.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The turbine is connected to rotor (132) of generator. The turbine is selected from the group propeller turbine, radial flow turbine, mixed flow turbine, impulse turbine, reversible pump turbine and Kaplan turbine. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of laterally supporting generator used in hydroelectric installation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents front elevation of hydroelectric unit with lateral support unit.    End (104)    Hydroelectric installation (106)    Passage way (110)    Outlet port (114)    Generator (126)    Rotor (132)    Shaft (140)    Turbine head cover (156)
NOVELTY - Lower electrode (102) formed on glass substrate (101), is sequentially laminated with an insulating layer (107), semiconductor layer (104) and n-type semiconductor layer (105). A source-drain electrode (160) is formed on n-type semiconductor layer. A contact hole is formed for connecting source-drain electrode.    USE -   In image reader for digital copier, facsimile.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves signal-to-noise ratio. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model sectional view of optical detector. (102) Lower electrode; (104) Semiconductor layer; (105) n-type semiconductor layer; (107) Insulating layer; (160) Source drain electrode.
NOVELTY - After manufacture of the solar panel (2C), a reinforcement (6F) is moulded onto its rear side portion by injection of fluid raw material. A sealing frame (12) is simultaneously moulded along with the moulding of the reinforcement thus fixing the reinforcement to the panel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A surface transparent guard plate, photoelectric conversion layer having solar battery (1E) and a backside cover material are mutually laminated. This panel is covered by a polymeric material for sealing it. A wire (23b) is embedded in the reinforcement for current conduction.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for roof attached with solar battery module. The solar battery module is attached to the roof surface.    USE -   Makes solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   As the process of moulding and fixing the reinforcement is not made separately, manufacturing becomes quick and simple. A reinforcement embedded with wires is manufactured easily, so the cost of solar battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross sectional drawing of the solar battery. (1E) Solar battery module; (2C) Solar panel; (6F) Reinforcement member; (12) Sealing frame; and (23b) External lead wire.
NOVELTY - Transparent electrode layers (2a,2b) are formed on the glass substrate (1) by a patterning method which does not use laser i.e photo etching or a lift-off process. Photoelectric conversion layers (3a,3b) and back side electrode layers (4a,4b) are formed on the transparent electrode layer by a patterning method which uses laser.    USE -   For use in solar battery manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates generation of crack in glass substrate during heat processing. As the generation of crack is eliminated during actual usage of solar battery, the reliability and mechanical strength are increased. The production yield is improved and cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents model sectional view of solar battery during manufacturing processes. (1) Glass substrate; (2a,2b) Transparent electrode layers; (3a,3b) Photo-electric conversion layers; (4a,4b) Back side electrode layers.
NOVELTY - A carbon film (2) coated on the surface of substrate (1), acts as a backside electrode. The electrode is formed by hardening the carbon film consisting of carbon black and binder or carbon black and dispersoid of graphite.    USE -   In CIS group compound-semiconductor solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves economical efficiency as film forming cost is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents the cross sectional view of compound semiconductor solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2) Carbon film.
NOVELTY - An antimony dispersion polycrystal silicon layer (3) is formed on a substrate (1) via an impurity diffusion prevention layer (2). A polycrystalline silicon semiconductor layer (4) formed on silicon layer, has NP or NIP synizesis.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses impurity diffusion from substrate, since impurity prevention layer is used. Improves photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view explaining manufacturing method of solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2) Impurity diffusion prevention layer; (3) Sb dispersion polycrystal Si layer; (4) Polycrystalline silicon semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - A polycrystalline Si semiconductor layer (4) which has PN or PIN synizesis is grown on the Al dispersion polycrystal silicon layer (3) which is formed on the substrate (1) at 400-900 C. An impurity prevention layer (2) is formed between substrate (1) and Al dispersion polycrystal Si layer (3).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for polycrystalline Si thin film manufacture.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Cost is reduced as the impurity diffusion prevention layer is not needed at low temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of polycrystalline Si thin film manufacturing method for solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2) Impurity prevention layer; (3) Si layer; (4) Si semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - An integrated circuit (1) and a light receiving element (2) containing an amplifier circuit are mounted on a lead frame (3). A shield board (2) is arranged opposing the IC and light receiving element. The lead frame and the shield board are integrally molded by resin (5).    USE -   For electrical appliances such as TV, video tape recorder, audio system, air conditioner.    ADVANTAGE -   The light receiving window is formed on the shield board in a mesh shape, therefore shielding effect can be enhanced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional views of shield structure. (1) Integrated circuit; (2) Shield board; (3) Lead frame; (5) Resin.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has units to introduce and eject raw material gas in a vacuum chamber. The vacuum chamber has a support for substrate, heater and a high frequency discharge electrode (41). The pipe-like electrode (43) is of ladder shaped or network shaped with a gas blow off hole near the substrate side.    USE -   The apparatus is used for amorphous silicon solar battery, fine crystal silicon solar battery, thin film transistor, optical sensor, semiconductor protective coat and a fine crystal thin film.    ADVANTAGE -   A uniform thin film is formed on the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The diagram shows the high frequency discharge electrode. (41) High frequency discharge electrode; (43) Pipe-like electrode.
NOVELTY - A predetermined reverse bias voltage selected by a switch (20) is applied to depletion layer of semiconductor (2) of radiation detector (6) via bias circuit (8). The breadth of depletion layer is raised depending on the applied voltage. By applying suitable voltage, radiation energy sensitivity characteristic can be varied.    USE -   For radiation detector.    ADVANTAGE -   The contamination control and general environmental radiation evaluation is easily realizable. Does not require exchange of physical filter hence the operation is simple. As the size is small, portability is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of radiation detector. (2) Semiconductor depletion layer; (6) Radiation detector; (8) Bias circuit; (20) Switch.
NOVELTY - A shading mask (14) is arranged such that it shades the light in a specific area outside the line (B) which is inclined at an angle of 30 with respect to the vertical line (A) passing through a light receiving element (13).    USE -   For illuminance sensor of lighting fixture.    ADVANTAGE -   Influence of the reflecting rate of various objects placed under the illuminance sensor can be suppressed by effectively shading light in specific areas surrounding sensor. Brightness control of lighting fixture can be performed correctly by exactly positioning shading mask. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of illuminance sensor. (13) Light receiving element; (14) Shading mask; (A) Vertical line; (B) Line.
NOVELTY - The shield member has a coil-shaped part covering the infrared ray light receiving element (1). The shield member also has a plate-shaped member made from metal which covers the upper part of infrared ray light receiving element.    USE -   Used in infrared ray communication and also in domestic electric appliance.    ADVANTAGE -   Since inexpensive steel wire is used, overall cost is reduced. Light receiving area is narrowed therefore the sensitivity is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows theoretical diagram of the infrared ray light receiving element. (1) Infrared ray light receiving element.
NOVELTY - Compressed air at predetermined pressure from an air compressor (15) operated by a solar battery (22) is stored in a tank (14). According to urgency signal during emergency, a cut-off valve (12) provided midway of a piping (10) is closed using the stored compressed air.    USE -   For closing cut-off valve provided in water, oil, city gas supply pipes using solar battery during emergency such as earthquake, fire.    ADVANTAGE -   Various secondary disaster such as outflow of oil, gas, water can be prevented effectively. Solar battery of small capacity can be used to operate compressor for prolonged period to get compressed air suitable for operating even large sized cut-off valve. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows control block diagram of cut-off valve operating system. (10) Piping; (12) Cut-off valve; (14) Tank; (15) Air compressor; (22) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - The system includes shaft-less turbine, one or more fluid submerged driving elements (such as blades) of which drive eccentric elements in an orbiting movement around the center of rotation of the driving elements. Eccentric elements are located e.g. at a distance from the radial inner side of the driving elements, e.g. at the radial outer side of the driving elements.    USE - In water power installations for generating useful energy, such as electrical power, from the flow (e.g. head) of water.    ADVANTAGE - There is no shaft lead-through with the associated seal, and the system has a compact structure. There is more equal loading of the bearing, with a tunnel effect. There are no alignment difficulties since a long driving shaft is not present and it is possible to avoid one or more mechanical transmissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for producing useful energy from the flow of a water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a weir according to the present invention.    Water retaining body (1)    Shaftless turbine (2)    Second water-tight water retaining body (3)    Buffer reservoir (4)    Under water bottom (5)
NOVELTY - The casing (20) is circular and contains a sensor or transmitter that has external connections (3) through a recess in the base. The casing is formed from two half-cells that joined by a clamping ring (4), which fits in a peripheral groove. The top of the casing has a central aperture that provides a viewing window for the opto-electronic sensor.    USE - Optical or opto-electronic sensing.    ADVANTAGE - Provides safe and secure fixing for sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the casing.    external connections (3)    clamping ring (4)    casing (20)
NOVELTY - The collector has photovoltaic cells (8), are mounted on support bars (9) that are fitted with spacers (11) and are coupled into a tensioner system having springs (4). Spacers are also fitted on the sides. A number of the panels are fitted within a casing that has a circulating gaseous cooling system for temperature control.    USE - Solar energy collection system.    ADVANTAGE - Simultaneous production of thermal and electrical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view of a panel support    Springs (4)    Photovoltaic cells (8)    Support bars (9)    Spacers (11)
NOVELTY - The solar cell panels are produced in the form of solar cell strips that are several millimeters wide. The cells (4) are produced as photovoltaic elements that are etched in a layer on the surface of a glass plate (1). The strips can have various geometric shapes, e.g. straight lines or a zig zag pattern. The cells are coupled to collector lines (3).    USE - Solar energy collection.    ADVANTAGE - Allows light to pass through panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a glazing panel in the form and function of a solar module, with integrated striped thin layer solar cells.    glass plate (1)    power collector lines (3)    photocells (4)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor photodiode (100) is mounted on a circuit carrier (190). The carrier comprises a light sensitive semiconductor substrate, an integral light filter (139) extending across the rear surface and several electrodes extending from the front surface. Each electrode is bonded to a circuit element on the carrier with the rear surface facing away from the carrier.    USE - The photodiode with a light sensitive rear face is for military applications, e.g. laser guided missile control.    ADVANTAGE - Provides photodiode with light sensitivity on both sides of the device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-section of a photodiode mounted upon a carrier with the rear face up.
NOVELTY - An airfoil-section ring (1) is installed in the natural flow path of the fluid (4). Reverse lift effect is caused in the fluid passing through the hollow portion (3) of the ring. The original energy of fluid is then strengthened.    USE -   For strengthening power of river water flow, marine tidal current.    ADVANTAGE -   Strengthens original energy of the natural fluid using reverse lift effect. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the airfoil- section ring of the fluid energy reinforcement apparatus. (1) Airfoil-section ring; (3) Hollow portion; (4) Fluid.
NOVELTY - A casing (1) has a whorl shaped water flow pipe. Cyclic speed rings (2) are provided in casing and stay vane blades are arranged between speed ring along its peripheral direction. The volume of casing from opening to end of flow path region reduces gradually and length from leading edge to trailing edge of stay vane also reduces according to casing cross section reduction.    USE -   Water turbine structure.    ADVANTAGE -   Flow of water in guide vane blade lattice exit becomes uniform in phi direction, thus non-uniform inflow of runner, noise and hydraulic power loss of runner are reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of water turbine. (1) Casing; (2) Speed rings.
NOVELTY - The attachment structure consists of rectangles formed by several horizontal rails (7) and the attachment rails (5). Two frames (17,23) are fixed to sides of solar battery module (9). The frames of solar battery module (9) are inserted in the interstice for fixation (15) formed between upper and lower supports of horizontal rod.    USE -   For attaching solar battery panel in roof of residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies construction and improves quality. Reduces labor, by avoiding waterproofing work. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory diagram of attachment structure solar battery panel. (5) Attachment rails; (7) Horizontal rails; (9) Solar battery module; (15) Fixation; (17,23) Frames.
NOVELTY - Slag or slag derivative is made to react with sulphuric acid to precipitate gypsum which is then separated by solid-liquid isolation method. The concentration of separated liquid is increased to 1N or more and amorphous silica is made to precipitate. The amorphous silica separated by solid-liquid isolation method, is subsequently cleaned with pure mineral water to obtain 1000 ppm or less dried amorphous silica containing 0.5 ppm or less of boron and phosphorus as impurities.    USE -   As silicon raw material for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Highly pure silica with less content of boron and phosphorus is efficiently manufactured by simple process. Gypsum obtained as by-product in the process, is used as construction material.
NOVELTY - When power supplied by fuel battery (11) to motor (4) is insufficient, power storage unit (6) is charged by solar battery (17).    USE -   For motor power supply in electric car.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables charging of storage unit effectively according to power supply judgment. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of energy storage controller. (4) Motor; (6) Power storage unit; (11) Fuel battery; (17) solar battery.
NOVELTY - Width of submount in the orthogonal direction is made narrower than that of a semiconductor laser chip (1) in the resistant direction so that both side surface of the submount board is positioned within the side surfaces of the semiconductor laser chip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The submount board and the semiconductor laser chip are fixed by soldering electrode for connection (22) and the control electrode (10), respectively. A reflecting film is formed on the contact electrode via a barrier layer (9). A block for heat dissipation is provided to dissipate heat from the barrier layer when semiconductor laser chip performs laser oscillation.    USE -   In semiconductor laser apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the width of the submount board in the orthogonal direction is made narrower than the width of the semiconductor laser chip in the resonant direction, the contact of solder layer to the barrier of semiconductor laser chip is prevented when soldering of submount board is done and thus reliability of the semiconductor laser apparatus is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of semiconductor laser apparatus. (1) Semiconductor laser chip; (9) Barrier layer; (10) Control electrode; (22) Electrode for connection.
NOVELTY - Light (L) incident on edge of mesa structure formed by p-type semiconductor layers (104,106) is set parallel to a semiconductor layer (104). Periphery of the mesa structure other than the light incident edge is projected externally from n-type semiconductor layer (102). Electrodes (107,108) in the mesa structure periphery, are respectively, in contact with the layers (102,106). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A n-type semiconductor layer (102) is formed on a substrate (101). P-type semiconductor layers (104,106) are formed in a mesa shaped on the semiconductor layer (102). The semiconductor layer (106) shorter than layer (104) has a smaller refractive index and absorbs light of shorter wavelength when compared to that by semiconductor layer (104). The electrode (108) in the semiconductor layer (106) does not overlap the electrode (107) in the layer (102).    USE -   In waveguide type semiconductor light receiving element with mesa shaped pn junction.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces resistance during horizontal flow of current through n-type semiconductor layer thereby a high speed and high output waveguide type semiconductor light receiving element is realizable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is perspective view of the waveguide type semiconductor light receiving element. (101) Substrate; (102) n-type semiconductor layer; (104,106) p-type semiconductor layers; (107,108) Electrodes; (L) Light.
NOVELTY - Several amplifiers are provided for amplifying the photoelectric conversion signal output by photodiodes (201). When scanning operation is completed, a reset switch (202) enables to reset the photodiodes except during the output selection period.    USE -   In image sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   A wide range photoelectric conversion apparatus is offered. A small sized and high density photoelectric conversion apparatus of high integration is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of solid state image pick up. (201) Photodiodes; (202) Reset switch.
NOVELTY - The reflector consists of single crystal silicon substrate (1) on which reflecting surface (4) is etched at 45 . Light receiving element (5) and light emitting element (2) are formed on the substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMs are also included for the following: optical reflector manufacturing method; semiconductor device manufacturing method    USE -   For semiconductor device used in optical information processing system.    ADVANTAGE -   Protects light receiving element during etching operations which cuts one manufacturing step and hence reduces cost. Improves accuracy of the alignment of a reflector and light emitting element since the light emitting element is fixed before fixing the reflector. Avoids step development on reflecting surface during etching and so optical semiconductor device with flat surface and superior reflecting capability is developed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view and top elevational view of optical semiconductor device. (1) Single crystal silicon substrate; (2) Light emitting element; (4) Reflecting surface; (5) Light receiving element.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor layer (15) of p-type contacts the rear of semiconductor layer (14). To the rear of semiconductor layer (12), semiconductor layer (17) of n-type is provided. The band gap energy of layers (15,16) is set larger than that of the layers (12-14).    USE -   For e.g. pin photodiode.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains semiconductor light receiving elements with high speed high output and high efficiency simultaneously,by forming light guide layer in mesa shape. Materializes high output property of semiconductor light receiving element since band gap energy of sixth semiconductor layer is larger than second, third and fourth semiconductor layers. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the layer structure and energy band structure of a waveguide type semiconductor light receiving element. (12-17) Semiconductor layers.
NOVELTY - A carbon board acts as the substrate (1) for the compound semiconductor solar batteries. An electric insulating film (2) consisting of a ceramic thin film is provided over the carbon board.    USE -   For compound semiconductor solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Has large optical absorption coefficient. Has thermal shock resistance, thermal conductivity and surface workability. Heat dissipation property is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2) Electric insulating film.
NOVELTY - Surface layer (103) and backside layer (105) are formed on both sides of the photovoltaic cell, by sealing resin (102) inbetween them. The multilayer body is maintained in the degree of vacuum of 5 or less Torrs and then heat-crimping is also performed at the same degree of vacuum. Then, the multilayer body is cooled and affixed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of solar battery module.    USE -   For photovoltaic cell used in solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves manufacturing yield of module by maintaining the multilayer body at 5 or less Torrs during the processes. Suppresses the sublation from the filler of the fluororesin film using the fluororesin film which performs corona-discharge process especially of the adhesive surface as the surface member to the minimum extent can be provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the sectional view of the solar-battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (103) Surface layer; (105) Backside layer.
NOVELTY - A contact hole is formed on a forwarding electrode. Upper part wiring is connected to forwarding electrode via the contact hole. A charge coupled device (CCD) element provided with pulse application pad is connected to upper part wiring and impresses a reading pulse to the forwarding electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - CCD forwards the electric charge signal generated by photodiode. An insulating film is formed on the forwarding electrode. A shading film is provided on the insulating film. A vent is formed on the photodiode and forwarding electrode. Layer-insulation film is provided on the insulating film. A contact hole is formed such that the aperture's internal circumference surface might not be contacted inwardly. The upper part wiring is formed on the layer- insulation film. Upper part wiring has been arranged through the top of separation between photodiodes.    USE -   For image reading system.    ADVANTAGE -   The distance between the photodiode is reduced. Area of photodiode is increased. Sensitivity and storage amount of electric charge is increased. The space in the upper part wiring is increased which prevents electric leaking. Smear characteristic is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the plan of CCD type solid state image pick-up system.
NOVELTY - Unnecessary portions (5) between full cut lines (3) and half cut lines (4) formed on array substrate, are removed. Then, the opposing sides of full cut lines on substrate are bonded vertically.    USE -   In manufacture of optical detector used in facsimile, digital copier, scanner, 2D image reader.    ADVANTAGE -   Damage of panel by static is reduced, since unnecessary portion of array substrate are removed efficiently, thus handling of substrate is also simplified. When bonding several sensor array substrates on a base, gap between the substrates is minimized by providing the full cut line as an alignment part. Panel yield is improved at low cost, since half cut line is formed as periphery of bonding panel and defects, short circuit generation are prevented. Also suits for manufacture of semiconductor devices with substrates of larger area. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model plan view of optical sensor array substrate. (3) Full cut lines; (4) Half cut lines; (5) Unnecessary portions.
NOVELTY - The procedure involves forming a wiring layer with the upper and lower sides of a step on the board, straddled. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Material having high viscosity and thermosetting is coated on the board (101) embedding diagonally the step region and covering the board fully. After hardened, the material is removed excepting the area ranging over atleast the step region. Another material of high viscosity and thermosetting is coated, embedding the step region diagonally and also covering the board fully. The material is hardened. The materials are then etched, embedding diagonally the step region and leaving the other material on the board. The wiring layer (106) is formed by straddling the upper and lower regions of the step.    USE -   In semiconductor device manufacture e.g. for optical element, IC, photodiode.    ADVANTAGE -   A firm wiring layer is obtained, increasing the reliability. The step can be eliminated completely. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure gives the sectional view of wiring layer forming procedure. (101) Semiconductor board; (106) Wiring layer.
NOVELTY - CdTe film (4) situated near p-n junction is removed by dry etching. ZnS film (3) is then selectively removed by wet etching as mask so that p-n junction is exposed. A protective film (6) consisting of SiN film is formed on exposed surface, selectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - ZnS film (3) and CdTe film (4) are sequentially formed on HgCdTe semiconductor (1) on which p-n junction (2) is formed.    USE -   For preventing development of resist scum during manufacture of HgCdTe photodiode array used for infrared ray sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents resist scum and etching damage by plasma, near p-n junction, thereby reliable infrared ray photodiode array is formed with sufficient reproducibility and large space for utilization of infrared ray sensor of high resolution is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is an explanatory drawing of theoretical structure of surface protection film formation method. (1) HgCdTe semiconductor; (2) p-n junction; (3) ZnS film; (4) CdTe film; (6) Protective film.
NOVELTY - Light from the source is radiated onto the pattern formed on reticle through optical unit (2). Partial section of the optical unit is coated with titanium oxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of semiconductor device.    USE -   For pattern exposure system used in manufacture of semiconductor device e.g. IC, LSI circuit, liquid crystal display, magnetic head, CCD.    ADVANTAGE -   Adhesion of harmful material in lens or prism or mirror surface is prevented, by providing titanium oxide film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the outline of semiconductor device using the exposure system. (2) Optical unit.
NOVELTY - Frequency modulated light beams (j1,j2) are directed via a Faraday element through differently oriented polarizers. Current source adjacent to Faraday element alters beam polarizations, to modify their beam intensities. Modified beams after optoelectric conversion are routed to a signal processor (10) to assess their variation level. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The KHz range reference frequency generators (14,14') modulate the originating light beam intensity as well as doubling the respective frequencies of the returning converted signals through the multipliers (15,15'). After screening through the filters (16,16') the doubled frequency AC components are rectified and their sum or difference is made use of to assess the extent of modification undergone by the originating light beams.    USE -   Current transformer modifying optical beam intensities.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves response characteristic of the current transformer substantially. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagrammatic layout of the signal processor and the associated power supply. (10) Signal processor; (14,14') Reference frequency generators; (15,15') Multipliers; (16,16') Filters; (j1,j2) Frequency modulated light beams.
NOVELTY - The illumination device has a socket base (2) fitted with a candle body (3), provided with a light-emitting diode light source (5) it its top end (4). The socket base incorporates an electrical storage battery which is charged via at least one solar cell (9) mounted on the outside of the socket base, with operation of the light source under control of a light sensor (13).    USE - For grave light.    ADVANTAGE - The illumination device replaces a standard candle or fuel burner flame for increased safety.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a simplified perspective drawing of a grave lamp.    Socket base (2)    Candle body (3)    Top end of candle body (4)    Light-emitting diode light source (5)    Solar cell (9)    Light sensor (13)
NOVELTY - An elongated swing arm (18) is attached to one end of a vane (16) having a concave front face. A direction control mechanism (20) is operatively coupled to the swing arm to rotate the arm about its longitudinal axis.    USE - Used in small stream or irrigation canal.    ADVANTAGE - A simple structure directional control mechanism is utilized for sweeping the vane sweep back and forth.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The front face of the vane is concave along both longitudinal and transverse axis. The vane has a convex rear face opposing the concave face. The primary and secondary angle of attachment of swing arm to vane is in the range between 90-225 degrees and 45-135 degrees respectively. The arm extends away from the vane along the upstream of the vane and downstream of the vane. The vane has a curved peripheral edge and a rectilinear edge. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for in-line fluid power system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents isometric view of oscillating fluid flow motor.    Vane (16)    Swing arm (18)    Direction control mechanism (20)
NOVELTY - A slide carrier (2) and a turbine (6) are operated by the hydraulic force of water being fed through water pipes during change of tank inclination state. The seesaw bed below the tanks is hung by a wire rope and spring. The turbine rotates in constant direction when water flows from two tanks alternately, to generate electricity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A couple of water tanks (3) are alternately tilted to 45 slope over a seesaw bed. Each of the water tanks is connected through piping to a hydraulic turbine (6).    USE -   For generation of electricity used for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides continued operation without any restrictions. Saves energy resource. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure gives a sketch of the seesaw type power generation machine. (2) Slide carrier; (3) Water tank; (6) Turbine.
NOVELTY - A lubricant guide (15) guides the lubricant to the lubricant chamber (8) situated at the outer wall side of a cooling chamber (5). A lubricant path (21) is formed between the guide and the outer wall of the cooling chamber.    USE -   For water turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   Reliably cools lubricant circulated between lubricant and return chambers, thus preventing excessive increase in lubricant temperature that may induce burning of bearing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the principal components of the bearing-lubricating device used for a water turbine. (5) Cooling chamber; (8) Lubricant chamber; (15) Lubricant guide; (21) Lubricant path.
NOVELTY - The cell holding tile (A) has a cell support frame (1) that is made up of non-combustible material for fixing solar battery. The cell support frame has an outside dimension same as that of roofing tiles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for describing installation method of solar battery tile onto roof of building.    USE -   Is installed on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Roof weight is reduced and cost is minimized by using frame having same outer dimension of tile. Installation occupation of solar battery unit over the roof is made easier by the use of cell support frame. Solar battery cell is protected by the use of non-combustible material. The cell supporting frame is made wind resistant and earthquake proof by constructing a reinforcing rib. Avoids influence on external appearance of building thereby improves design worth of building. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the perspective diagram of the cell holding tile. (1) Frame; (A) Cell holding tile.
NOVELTY - A coating liquid containing metal alkoxide or metal salt is applied over a transparent substrate, followed by drying and ultraviolet irradiation of the dried film.    USE -   For electrodes of LCD, touch panel sensor, solar battery, etc..    ADVANTAGE -   Transparent electrically conductive film of low specific resistance and high visualisation light transmittance is formed at low temperature and in a short time.
NOVELTY - Plasma generation electrode (22) and ground electrode (23) carrying substrate are arranged parallelly along with power source (24) in a vacuum chamber (21). Ferromagnetic material bars (33) with magnets (36a,36b) on both sides are provided between the electrodes and are covered on both sides by non-magnetic material plates in an insulating frame.    USE -   For forming thin films used in solar battery, transistor, optical sensor, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides good film quality by plasma chemical vapor deposition without slowing down speed for film formation. Suppresses variation in plasma shielding with time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is an explanatory drawing of the non-magnetic thin film forming apparatus. (21) Vacuum chamber; (22) Plasma generating electrode; (23) Ground electrode; (24) Power source; (33) Ferromagnetic material bars; (36a,36b) Magnets.
NOVELTY - Predetermined exercise procedures, common to other machines, are initiated by local machine controllers. The participating machines have performance sensors, the data from which is fed to a central processor via communications network. The data is compared with first tier data derived from other machines and the respective race details updated until race parameters are fulfilled.    USE - For competition between exercise machine users that are not in the same locality. Can be used on any exercise equipment such as rowing machines, exercise bikes, treadmills, stair apparatus, water rowers etc.    ADVANTAGE - The communications network control enables individuals to compete against others, thereby enhancing the enjoyment of the exercise on the machine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus to control mechanical exercise machines includes sensors to provide performance signals and transducers responsive to control signals for setting the selected operating parameters of the machine. The machine is connected to a local area network, wide area network or the internet, to facilitate competitive interaction with other remote machines.    During operation of the machine first level data is collated and transmitted from the local machine controller to a central remote processor. The first level data is transmitted in a known protocol employing sequenced and acknowledged data packets, and represent the known values for race progress. A second tier protocol employing unacknowledged data packets is used to transmit intermediate parameters of the race procedure about the respective race procedure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A flow chart indicating the operational procedure of the apparatus.
NOVELTY - The heating system has a floor covering composed of tiles. The tiles are heating tiles (1) where warmth is required, solar tiles (2) at locations where they are in the light, and accumulator tiles (3) to store electrical energy until required. The tiles are assembled together, for the floor covering, and are interconnected for the electrical heating requirements.    USE - The system is for heated floor or wall covering tiles, for bedding and seat covers, or as components for footwear or clothing.    ADVANTAGE - All the tiles can be plugged together, to give the heating and energy circuits, to give a heated area using solar energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The tiles are coated with polymers with special function characteristics for the conversion or storage of energy. The heating tiles have an upper and lower heating layer, linked by a temperature switch, if required in the upper heating temperature. The accumulator tile and solar tile are connected, together with an electronic charging and/or safety circuit. The structure can be connected to a mains electricity supply, with the accumulator tiles and solar tiles omitted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show floor tiles and the circuit.    heating tiles (1)    solar tiles (2)    accumulator tiles (3)
NOVELTY - A controllable damper has a piston (50) and cylinder (40) filled with open cell foam absorbent material impregnated with a medium of rheology controllable by the application of a magnetic field produced by an electromagnet coil (80) or a permanent magnet.    USE - In motion control systems.    ADVANTAGE - Uses little active medium with few seals needed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the damper    piston (50)    cylinder (40)    coil (80)
NOVELTY - Solar batteries (1a-1n) convert the optical energy into electrical energy. Several electric power convertors (2a-2n) are connected to the solar battery modules, connected serially. Each convertor extracts maximum power from the corresponding solar battery module.    USE -   For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   As the electric power convertor extracts maximum power from the solar battery module, reduction of efficiency of the entire electric power generation system is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the electric power generation system. (1a-1n) Solar batteries; (2a-2n) Electric power convertors.
NOVELTY - A nail head (1b) is formed on upper end of a rod- shaped implanting member (1a) with thin end portion. A penetrating pore (3) formed in the nail head leads to a side hole (2) formed in the implanting member. A wire (4) is made to pass through wiring path formed from penetrating pore to side hole.    USE -   For constructing solar battery mounted roof panel.    ADVANTAGE -   The labor needed for forming hole on nail head for passage of wiring is made unnecessary. The connection wiring is made easy. The need of wire for connecting front and back of roof material is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of through line nail. (1a) Implanting member; (1b) Nail head; (2) Side hole; (3) Penetrating pore; (4) Wire.
NOVELTY - A hydrogenated amorphous silicon layer (4) is sandwiched between an electron and a hole injection blocking layer (5,3) so that an injection of an electron from a transparent electrode (6) and an injection of hole from a board electrode (2) to the silicon layer are prevented. The impurity concentration of n-type silicon layer is 101 6-101 7/cm3.    USE -   For solid state image pick up.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to obtain highly stable single crystal silicon layer. Controls impurity concentration precisely. Facilitates good reproducibility with image pick up. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates a sectional view of photoelectric conversion apparatus. (2) Board electrode; (3) Hole injection blocking layer; (4) Amorphous silicon layer; (5) Electron injection blocking layer; (6) Transparent electrode.
NOVELTY - The heat release through lower resin layer (24a) from solar cell is larger than that through upper resin layer (22a), by thermolysis. The heat conductivity of upper resin layer is lower than that of lower resin layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Glass substrate (21), upper resin layer (22a) which has thickness more than that of lower resin layer (24a), solar cell (23) and heat collection panel (3) are laminated along the surface side of the panel respectively.    USE -   For solar house to generate electric power from solar energy and for hot water supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat release from rear side of panel and heat collection efficiency in collection panel, is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows vertical sectional view of structure of hybrid panel. (3) Heat collection panel; (21) Glass substrate; (22a,24a) Resin layers; (23) Solar cell.
NOVELTY - A solar battery cell sheet (11c) is laminated by a silicon rubber sheet (11e). The silicon rubber sheet constitutes a room temperature setting type rubber material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The laminated solar battery cell sheet is sandwiched between a glass pane (11a) and a resin sheet (11d).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacturing method of solar battery.    USE -   Solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since adhesive agent is not used and also heat treatment is not performed, simplification of manufacturing process is attained. Also viscidity of glass pane and silicon rubber sheet are enhanced. The battery does not exhibit a yellowish appearance therefore exterior deterioration is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery unit: (11a) Glass pane; (11c) Solar battery cell sheet; (11d) Resin sheet; (11e) Silicon rubber sheet.
NOVELTY - The screen printing process of the conductive paste is repeated several times for formation of a collector pole (5). The pattern of the screen mesh is varied for every screen printing process.    USE -   For manufacture of solar battery element.    ADVANTAGE -   The roughness in the surface of a collector pole resulting from the screen mesh pattern is reduced by repeated screen printing process. Improvement in the photoelectric conversion characteristic is attained by the variation in the screen mesh patterns. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar battery element manufacturing method. (5) Collector pole.
NOVELTY - The structure includes n-type or p-type crystal layer (11) and beta iron silicide layer (12) which are formed on rear side of electrode (13).    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electricity generation efficiency of battery remarkably by controlling absorption edge of wavelengths and particle diameter of iron silicide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of electrode structure for solar battery. (11) Silicon crystal layer; (12) Iron silicide layer; (13) Electrode .
NOVELTY - A pair of metallic foils (6) are fixed on both surfaces of solar battery cells that are continuously supplied using heat rollers (8). The metallic foils mutually connected in the area between adjacent battery cells, are cut by a cutter (10), thereby leaving an insulating layer formed in side portions of battery cells.    USE -   E.g for manufacture of solar battery used as power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   The improvement in connection accuracy is achieved by preventing the curvature of a cell even when using a thin solar battery cell. The damage to the solar battery cell at the time of disconnecting a metallic foil is prevented. Prevents short circuit of connection material between adjacent battery cells. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the structure of the production line for manufacturing solar battery cells. (6) Metallic foil; (8) Heat rollers; (10) Cutter.
NOVELTY - A solar panel array (3) of a solar power generation system is installed on the saddle back roof (4). The roof surface is inclined at 30 south.    USE -   For residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Desired amount of electricity is generated using the efficient solar power generator. Influence of various restrictions components for building a solar power generator for the residence are made few. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan view of arrangement of solar power generator. (4) Saddle back roof.
NOVELTY - The scraps of indium tin oxide (ITO) sintered compact are ground into granules of diameter 0.5 mm or less which are then molded and sintered to obtain ITO sintered compact.    USE -   Used for ITO sputtering target for forming ITO thin film used as display electrode for flat display panel, as window material for solar batteries, etc..    ADVANTAGE -   ITO sintered compact with good mechanical strength is offered simply and economically so crack generation in the compact is prevented.
NOVELTY - A heat insulation member (10) is formed by laminating a winding strip (10a) with a number of resin films via a fiber net. The insulation member is wound helically around and adhered to a movable unit (11). A ground terminal (13) is provided at one end of the insulation member.    USE -   For harness of satellite mounted device e.g. solar battery paddle    ADVANTAGE -   Achieves reduction in curved torque and imparts efficient insulating ability after movable unit attains a highly precise movement. Ensures highly reliable and precise earthing of the heat insulation control material. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of a heat insulation control material. (10) Heat insulation member; (10a) Winding strip; (11) Movable unit; (13) Ground terminal.
NOVELTY - A heat insulation member is formed by shaping a number of free winding parts (11) which are coupled integrally using a bonder (12) into truncated cone shape. A ground terminal (14) is provided at one end of the insulation member. The insulation member laminated with a number of layers of resin film via a fiber net is adhered around a movable unit (15).    USE -   For solar battery paddle mounted on satellite.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces curved torque and imparts efficient insulating ability after attaining a highly precise movable operation. Ensures highly reliable and precise earthing of the heat insulation control material. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the heat insulation control material. (11) Winding parts; (12) Bonder; (14) Ground terminal; (15) Movable unit.
NOVELTY - Temperature detector detects temperature of compressor (103). Based on judgment result indicating whether detected temperature of the compressor exceeds or falls below the threshold value, a fan (105) is activated or stopped.    USE -   For controlling cooling of compressor in water purifier which purifies water from lakes, pond, dam, marshes, river, irrigation canal, ditch, canal, water tank.    ADVANTAGE -   The purification is efficient even when the electricity generated by solar battery is less. The damage generated in the solar battery can be restored quickly without requiring special detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the circuit diagram of the water purifier. (103) Compressor; (105) Fan.
NOVELTY - Multiple air compressor pumps are actuated by a solar battery to feed water to filter. The actuation number of the pumps is controlled based on the output of the battery by a controller.    USE -   For purification of water in lakes, marshes, ponds, dam, storage reservoir, river, water tank, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Number of pump actuation is controlled and vibration at the time of stoppage is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of solar powered water purifier. Parts list: (45a) Capacitor; (51) Controller; (60) Detector; (81a,81b) Air compressor pumps.
NOVELTY - An epitaxial layer (2) formed on a silicon substrate (1) is divided into several areas by high concentration diffusion area (3). A phase compensation area (4) is formed parallel to substrate. An implanting layer (6) of low specific resistance is formed between substrate and epitaxial layer.    USE -   For CD-ROM, DVD, CD-R.    ADVANTAGE -   Since Si substrate is of low specific resistance, parasitic capacitance is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of phase compensation layer of optical amplifier. (1) Substrate; (2) Epitaxial layer; (3) High concentration diffusion area; (4) Phase compensation area; (6) Implanting layer.
NOVELTY - A total reflection mirror (7) which receives solar light, reflects back the short wavelength light. The isolated long wavelength light is then condensed by a condenser lens and heated, and heat absorption of solar light is performed which is then given to a solar battery (9).    USE -   The device is set inside fixed panel case installed on roof of home.    ADVANTAGE -   Redemption of installation can be performed, quickly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial side view of electrical power generating device. (7) Total reflection mirror; (9) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (6) generates DC power in response to the light emitted by a light emitting device (5). The strong electric field (4) from transmission line (3) causes spectrum transition in mercury which causes light emitting device to emit light. The generated electric power is supplied to a load through terminals (7,8).    USE -   For e.g. lighting.    ADVANTAGE -   The continuous electricity generation is made possible. Eliminates influence of weather conditions such as wind, light. Offers easy installation. Generates power from both strong electric field of transmission line and sunlight. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of electrical power generating device. (3) Transmission line; (4) Electric field; (5) Light emitting device; (6) Solar battery; (7,8) Terminals.
NOVELTY - The module has several condensing cells which include condensing cell groups and solar battery cells (4). The optical axis of the condensing cells are varied with respect to normal line of main surface of module.    USE -   Is installed on roof, wall surface of building, ground facing south.    ADVANTAGE -   The electricity generation efficiency and installation area efficiency are enhanced as optical axis of condensing cells are varied with respect to normal line of main surface of module. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional view of solar battery module. (4) Solar battery cell.
NOVELTY - Solar battery element has lower electrode film (2), amorphous silicon layer and upper electrode (4) containing metal conductor layer formed one over the other on base board. Upper electrode of one element is connected to lower electrode of another element using conducting paste (5). Border line of upper electrode at interconnecting point is increased by providing comb shape (7).    USE -   Used as power supply of electronic wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   As border length of the interconnected upper layer is increased by providing a comb shape, junction with low contact resistance is obtained. EMF generated is not lost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the plan view of the border arrangement. (2) Lower electrode film; (4) Upper electrode; (5) Conducting paste; (7) Comb-shape.
NOVELTY - A lower electrode (12a), electricity generation layer (13a) and aluminum upper electrode (15a) are laminated on an either edges of a glass substrate. The upper electrode (15a) on one edge portion contacts lower electrode formed on other edge portion via a conductive resin layer. A resistance reduction layer is formed between upper electrode and conductive resin layers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of solar battery.    USE -   For reducing contact resistance of upper electrode conductive carbon content layer.    ADVANTAGE -   Contact resistance between aluminum upper electrode of conductive carbon content layer is reduced. High illuminance characteristics is obtained, as connection between each layer is held constantly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view for explaining structure of solar battery. (12a) Lower electrode; (13a) Electricity generation layer; (15a) Upper electrode.
NOVELTY - A lower electrode (2a), electricity generation layer (3a) and upper electrode (4b) are sequentially formed on a glass substrate (1). A conductive resin layer (6) is formed in between the lower electrode (2a) and upper electrode (4b). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   Solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies connection between upper and lower electrodes. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of manufacturing method of solar battery. (1) Glass substrate; (2a) Lower electrode; (3a) Electricity generation layer; (4b) Upper electrode; (6) Conductive resin layer.
NOVELTY - Heat processing of silicon oxide film is performed at 150-600 C under 2-200 atmospheric pressure of water vapor or water.    USE -   For electronic device e.g. MOS transistor, solar battery used in various electronic devices.    ADVANTAGE -   The characteristic of silicon oxide film is raised by simple heat treating process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of formation of silicon oxide film.
NOVELTY - The method involves (a) determining an arrangement range in which the solar batteries can be arranged on a surface (b) determining an arranging direction of the modules (c) calculating the number of solar battery modules that can be arranged horizontally in the direction and within the range (d) combining modules of a line of not more than the calculated number to form a module group and (e) arranging the groups to set a center of the group within the determined range and near a line vertically dividing the surface in two parts    USE - The method is used to arrange rectangular solar batteries into an array for positioning on a roof.    ADVANTAGE - Optimally arranges batteries in an array.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the module arrangement method.
NOVELTY - A solar panel roofing board and a general roofing board are electrically connected directly or indirectly via a clip. The roofing boards and a roof installation surface are joined by a conductor. Potentials of the roof configuring parts of a photovoltaic power generation roof using the solar panel roofing board become the same making grounding easier. Grounding is provided by a fire resistant metal sheet roof.    USE - In photovoltaic power generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - Makes grounding easier, easier installation, and is cost-effective.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the invention.    Solar cell element (101)    Metal sheet (102)    Roof installation surface (106)    General roofing board (112)    Solar panel roofing board (2204)
NOVELTY - Detector has a scintillation layer (16) for producing photons when hit by the secondary corpuscles. The scintillation layer and its substrate (14) have a through hole (18) for the primary beam. A detector device (20,22) senses and evaluates the photons. The substrate is very thin around the primary beam hole, which is very narrow.    USE - For scanning electron microscope.    ADVANTAGE - Secondary electrons can be detected almost in their entirety, and without influencing the primary beam.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A corpuscular radiation device is also claimed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows the scintillation detector.    Substrate (14)    Scintillation layer (16)    Primary beam hole (18)    Detector device (20,22)
NOVELTY - The modules (1) are fastened to a module support (2) by screw, rivet, or glue connections (6). The electric connection between the photovoltaic module terminals (3) of a unit is realized by cables (4). For further cable harness are used pre-assembled coupling cables (5), with fitted plug connectors. The performance of individual module units can be improved by interconnection of preselected modules of the same class.    USE - For solar cell installations of different sizes and performances.    ADVANTAGE - Facility for simple assembly on site without time consuming and costly fitting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure presents the view of the rear side of the module unit.    modules (1)    module support (2)    module terminal (3)    module coupling cable (4)    cable harness connecting cable (5)    screw etc. connections (6)
NOVELTY - A system of energy recovery elements comprises elements (photovoltaic cells or heat recovery units) located on supports. The supports also insulate the elements.    USE - The arrangement (e.g. solar cells) is used for energy recovery.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement is simple and effective.
NOVELTY - A thin p-type epitaxial region (36) is positioned beneath logic devices in a logic region (20'') in a p-type substrate. A thick p-type epitaxial region (34) is positioned beneath photosensitive devices in a pixel region (20') in the substrate.    USE - For integration with existing embedded microprocessor and analog designs.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved red absorption while providing improved latch-up and noise reduction. Allows easy integration with existing embedded microprocessor and analog designs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the APS cell.    pixel region (20')    logic region (20'')    thick region (34)    thin region (36)
NOVELTY - U-shaped saddle (226) of top shield (222) covers a transverse support (38) of exercising machine. Left and right planar elements (236,238) of top shield covers upper surface (206,208) of left and right side panels (202,204), and sloped elements (240,242) overlay sloped surfaces (210,212) of the side panels. Skirts (244,246) of top shield encloses upper portion of two side panels.    USE - For mechanical assembly of exercising machine e.g. stair climb simulating type machine.    ADVANTAGE - Improves durability of exercising machine as dynamic interface provided in mechanical assembly, improves wear resistance, reliability and functioning of moving parts. Enables collection and draining of liquids from inner mechanism as shielding mechanism is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The left and right planar elements of top shield extends laterally from saddle. The sloped elements extend from the planar elements. The left and right skirts extend downward from outer edges of the sloped elements. The transverse support extends from front of machine towards rear and the mechanical assembly with dynamic interface is positioned under the transverse support. The top shield is fixed to transverse support by hook and loop fasteners.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top perspective view of shield assembly.    Support (38)    Side panels (202,204)    Upper surface of side panels (206,208)    Sloped surface of side panels (210,212)    Top shield (222)    Saddle (226)    Planar elements (236,238)    Sloped elements (240,242)    Left and right skirts (244,246)
NOVELTY - The stay vanes form the corresponding flow path (12f) by whirling alongside the runner (14) inside the casing. The central horizontal level (12c) of the stay vane flow path is positioned underneath the central horizontal level (11c) of the runner casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Runner flow paths facing towards the central section are formed along the periphery (14f) of a runner casing (15). A whorl type casing (11) is connected with the outer side of the runner casing via stay vanes (12a,12b).    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Effectively reduces cavitations, thus preventing corrosion of runner. Simplifies installation and assembly operations inside whorl type casing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the vertical axis hydraulic machine. (11) Whorl type casing; (12a,12b) Stay vanes; (11c,12c) Central horizontal levels of stay vane and whorl type casing; (12f) Flow path; (14) Runner; (14f) Periphery; (15) Runner casing.
NOVELTY - A fixed solar panel (30) having rectangular shape, is combined with unshaped solar panel (40,50) and installed on roof surfaces (11,12). The unshaped solar panel formed using amorphous silicon battery, has flat surface shape based on the shape of roof surface.    USE -   For roof of residential buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   As the shaped solar panel is fixed where the fixed solar panel is not fixed, sufficient amount of electricity is generated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the solar panel fixed to roof surface. (11,12) Roof surfaces; (30) Fixed solar panel; (40,50) Unshaped solar panel.
NOVELTY - Two drain pipe formations (11,12) are formed along the area of a drain pipe (1) in which a water turbine (3) is provided. A fan (4) is attached to the rotating shaft (31) of the turbine.    USE -   For draining rain and wastewater from building.    ADVANTAGE -   Effectively utilizes energy generated in removing rainwater. Ensures efficient dehumidification of room interior or underfloor area during rainy weather. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram, the cross-sectional view, and the exploded perspective view of the drain pipe. (1) Drain pipe; (3) Water turbine; (4) Fan; (11,12) Drain pipe formation; (31) Rotating shaft.
NOVELTY - Various modules (3) are attached on the roof (2) of a building (1). A water proof sheet (75) is provided on the top of battery module. Connection unit (7) of one solar battery module and another solar battery module are latched to each other.    USE -   For roof of residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Weather resistance of waterproof sheet is sufficient and is highly economized because roof material does not need to be mounted. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the structure of solar battery module. (1) Building; (2) Roof; (3) Modules; (7) Connection unit; (75) Waterproof sheet.
NOVELTY - The winding type solar sheet (10) is stored in winding accommodation unit. The sheet is made of material containing amorphous semiconductor. The sheet is pulled out from the winding storage accommodation unit for power generation.    USE -   In vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not damage the exterior of vehicles on sheet is wound when not in use. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows plan view of vehicle mounted solar power generator. (10) Solar sheet.
NOVELTY - The display controller (10) comprises a processor (30) and a separate EPROM (32) in which images or words to be displayed are stored as screen objects identified by corresponding labels, such as a name or a number. The processor uses these labels when selecting the objects.    USE - For displaying e.g. user running speed, calories burned, distance covered or time elapsed during workout on exercise apparatus such as a treadmill.    ADVANTAGE - As the controller identifies the screen objects by their labels, the display can easily be adapted to another language by simply changing the EPROM so that by using the same label, the processor e.g. selects the French word heure instead of the English word time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the controller.    Display controller (10)    Processor (30)    Screen object EPROM (32)
NOVELTY - Moldless semiconductor device comprises a chip held between outer terminals, at least one terminal having regions of different hardnesses to absorb bending etc.    USE - In photovoltaic devices used in a module for a solar cell module or a construction material. In a preferred use, the device is a bypass diode used in a photovoltaic solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - A moldless device is provided having sufficient strength and flexibility to resist torsional, bending or impact forces and prevent device breakage, even when incorporated into a solar cell module. The partial covering with elastic material also provides high stress absorption, heat resistance and oxidation protection.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A moldless semiconductor device (ie with no mold packaging resin) comprises a chip held between outer terminals, at least one terminal having a region contignous to the chip, or a region contiguous to the chip and a region which is vicinal, which has a different hardness from the outer region. The chip may also be covered in part by an elastic material, preferably a high polymer resin of JIS-A hardness 50 or less.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a moldless semiconductor device of the invention    Semiconductor chip (101)    Outer-connecting terminals (102,103)    Terminal region contiguous to the chip (102b)    Other region of the terminal having a different hardness (102a)
NOVELTY - A photo device comprises a layer of nano-particles and a conductive solid polymer.    USE - Especially in a photovoltaic cell. The layer can also be used in an LED, photo sensor, optical switch or optical network.    ADVANTAGE - The layer is easy to manufacture in a single heat treatment step and combines the stability and electron transporting properties of the nano-particles with the hole-transporting, light absorbing properties of the polymer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferably the particles are TiO2, ZnO, CdSe, ZrO2 or SnO2 and the conductive polymer is polypara-phenylene-vinylene or its derivative. Preferably the film is heat treated under reduced pressure or a vacuum.
NOVELTY - Water (26), abstracted from the river (27) through a sluice (2), enters a channel (1) from which it is admitted alternately, via further sluices (3, 4), respectively to chambers (5, 6) in which metal floats (9, 10) rise and fall, sliding in side guides (22). On reaching a predetermined height, the water in each chamber is discharged through another sluice (7, 8) into a tail-race (25), rejoining the river at a lower level. The operation of the admission and discharge sluices is effected by sequentially controlled drive-motors (19), so that one chamber fills as the other empties, and vice-versa. The upthrust of each rising float is transmitted through a common shaft (15) and gearing (16, 17) to the electrical generator (18). A vertical rod, (11, 12) on each float bears a toothed ratchet rack engaging a pinion (13, 14) on the drive shaft (15). A common pressure bar (23), bearing on the rods ensures unidirectional transmission.    USE -   Low head exploitation of rivers for electrical generation. The system is also applicable to supplementary generation from tail-races of existing conventional stations.    ADVANTAGE -   Less expensive than turbines conventionally required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing is a cut-away perspective sketch of a run-of-river station. (1) Head race, (2) main sluice, (3, 4) intake sluices, (5, 6) float chambers, (7, 8) discharge sluices, (9, 10) floats, (11, 12) reciprocating drive-rods, (15) drive shaft, (18) generator, (19) sluice motors, (22) guides, (25) tail-race.
NOVELTY - The screen (6), inclined to the vertical, is placed across the mouth of the intake (7) through which water is being drawn (B) from e.g. a reservoir (1). Compressed air is supplied (A) from a nearby compressor-house to a set of parallel terminal pipes (3') attached to the screen's downstream face, each pipe having several outlet nozzles (4), submerged at different levels. A control unit (5) connects the air supply when the accumulation of debris, leaves, branches, etc. on the screen is sufficient to raise the pressure differential across the screen, as measured by upstream (5') and downstream (5") sensors, above a preset figure. The air flow dislodges the trash and carries it to the surface for removal.    USE -   Hydroelectric, water supply, etc., installations.    ADVANTAGE -   Screens are kept clear automatically of excess trash accumulations, without the need for shut-downs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing is a sectional elevation of a typical intake, with screen. (3') Terminal pipes, (4) nozzles, (5) control unit, (6) screen, (7) intake.
NOVELTY - A group of light receiving elements (1-1 - 1-4) receive light signals which is then integrated according to specific time integral. The output of pixel signal from each light receiving element is regulated by a switching circuit (5) such that total integral value of the output pixel becomes equal to number of light receiving elements.    USE -   For infrared sensor used in photography system.    ADVANTAGE -   S/N ratio of pixel signal is high since deflective pixels are removed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit block diagram of time delay and integration circuit. (1-1 - 1-4) Light receiving elements; (5) Switching circuit.
NOVELTY - An output circuit (OL) consists of low impedance circuit (R) through which light energy stored in a photodiode (D) is passed as current. A current amplifier (A) amplifies the current in the low impedance circuit. A capacitor (C) connected to controlled potential (VR) stores the output current of amplifier and its terminal voltage is taken as output.    USE -   Is provided with built-in output circuit.    ADVANTAGE -   Extracts photoelectric load efficiently without noise. Offers large output voltage by using small capacitor by eliminating parasitic electrostatic capacitance. Avoids high frequency reset noise, during reset operation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows conceptual circuit diagram of image sensor with built-in output circuit. (A) Current amplifier; (C) Capacitor; (D) Photodiode; (R) Impedance circuit; (OL) Output circuit; (VR) Controlled potential.
NOVELTY - A recess (302) with base (304) is formed on selected portion of a substrate (11) through p-type and n-type layers (13,12). Width of the base of recess is 1-100 m. The depth of the recess from the n-type layer to its base is 30 to 5 m. An insulating film extending from p and n electrodes (23,14). The recess except at bonding surface of electrodes is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An n-type and p-type layers (12,13) are sequentially laminated on the substrate (11). The p electrode (23) is formed on the selected portion of the p-type layer. A recess (301) is formed in the p-type layer. An n electrode (14) is formed on the n-type layer through the recess (301).    USE -   In nitride semiconductor light emitting element such as laser diode, LED and for use in solar battery, photosensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Short circuit between electrodes under high temperature is prevented by providing recess of specific dimensions thereby high light emission strength is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of nitride semiconductor light emitting element. (11) Substrate; (12,13) P-type and N-type layers; (14) N electrode; (23) P electrode; (301,302) Recesses; (304) Base.
NOVELTY - A metallic heat transfer plate (5) having high heat transfer characteristics, such as an aluminum plate, is mounted at the rear side of the solar cell element (3) to prevent temperature rise of the solar cell module (1). Further, temperature compensation spacer (12) formed with high heat conductivity is also mounted to improve the cooling effect.    USE -   For dissipating heat generated solar cell modules.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents temperature rise and thus improves efficiency of module. Prevents need for separate cooling system. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of a solar module. (1) Cell module; (3) Solar cell element; (5) Transfer plate; (12) Temperature compensation spacer.
NOVELTY - A metal tab (2) bonded with solder wax on both sides beforehand, is soldered on the fixed portion of a solar battery cell surface (1). The metal tab is pressed down and stationed onto the surface of solar battery cell, in each portion in which the solder wax of many thin poles (3) are bonded. The thermo-optical ray is radiated from the upper portion of the metal tab. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for polymerization soldering apparatus.    USE -   For soldering metal tab, long, slender and thin copper board to solar battery cell surface.    ADVANTAGE -   A majority of solar-battery cells are connected serially to manufacture panel. The metal tabs are soldered onto the surface of solar battery cell, continuously, automatically and quickly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal part isometric diagram of polymerization soldering method of metal tab to solar battery cell surface. (1) Solar battery cell surface; (2) Metal tab; (3) Thin poles.
NOVELTY - Reinforcement terminal board (3a) is provided in edge of internal wiring (3) and solar battery module is fixed outwardly and opposite to terminal board fixation and electrical connection of wiring and external lead (10) are performed by fixing pressure connection terminal (6) connected to lead, with terminal board using screw and nut.    USE -   For connecting external lead with internal wiring of solar battery module installed on house roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Tension on external lead does not directly act on internal wiring during installation. Performs solar battery module installation easily. Improves operativity as removal of protection film for optoelectric transducer. Weather resistance of battery module is increased as penetration of moisture is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan and sectional views of solar battery module. (3) Internal wiring; (3a) Reinforcement terminal board; (6) Pressure connection terminal; (10) External load.
NOVELTY - Transparent electrically conductive film (2), amorphous silicon film (3) and metal electrode (4) are sequentially formed on substrate (1). The solar battery elements are insulated by a protective film (6) provided between the metal electrodes which connects the solar battery elements serially using an electrically conductive paste (5).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   The battery is used as power supply for electronic wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   The number of solar battery production processes and number of masks are reduced to one third amount by which manufacturing cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery manufacturing process. (1) Substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film; (3) Amorphous silicon film; (4) Metal electrode; (5) Electrically conductive paste; (6) Protective film.
NOVELTY - The float glass transparent board (4) of the solar battery module (1) is formed with an uneven surface (2) with convex projections (3) of desired dimensions by screen printing using ceramics and ink. The photovoltaic cell is formed by a plated layer (5). An insulated protective layer (7) covers the base side of the plate layer with its back covered by a back covering layer (8).    USE -   E.g. solar battery module for power generation substituting silicon battery cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The uneven surface with concave projections reduces the reflecting rate of the light receiving surface which in turn increases the efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows principle part cross-section of the solar battery module. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Uneven surface; (3) Convex projections; (4) Transparent board; (5) Plated layer; (7) Insulated protective layer; (8) Back covering layer.
NOVELTY - The attachment structure has grooves (3) provided in its base. A helix is fit into the grooves, such that the infrared ray receiver (A) is attached to the wall surface.    USE -   For infrared ray receiver.    ADVANTAGE -   The attachment structure part is not externally exposed, therefore overall view is good and space provision is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exterior perspective diagram of infrared ray receiver. (3) Grooves; (A) Infrared ray receiver.
NOVELTY - A metallic shield (8) with a transparent portion (10) is arranged on a lead frame (6) to cover a light receiving element (2) and a pre-amplifier chip (4) so that light signal is passed to the light receiving element. The shield (8) is provided with a metal stem to contact a die pad electrically through a metal (40). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An optical semiconductor chip has a light receiving element (2) to receive light signal from a light emitting element. The optical semiconductor chip coverts the light signal into an electrical signal and output the same to a pre-amplifier chip (4). The pre-amplifier chip (4) processes the received light signal. The optical semiconductor chip and the pre-amplifier chip are arranged on a die pad (12) provided in a lead frame (6).    USE -   For semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE -   Cuts off exterior noise signals. Enables passage of light signal to light receiving element. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure indicates a plan of optical module. (2) Light receiving element; (4) Pre- amplifier chip; (6) Lead frame; (8) Metallic shield; (12) Die pad; (40) Metal.
NOVELTY - Solar battery is provided in the inner side of door (29). A film like heat emitter provided in the inner side of door, consists of transparent material having conductivity. An electrode coil is connected between the solar battery and heat emitter. Power is supplied from solar battery through electrode to the heat emitter.    USE -   For preventing dew formation on door of showcase.    ADVANTAGE -   No power supply wiring is required due to arrangement of solar body. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of dew formation prevention arrangement doors. (29) Door.
NOVELTY - An injecting unit injects the fluid in a fluid accepting unit formed on a rotator. The rotator is rotated by a drive source.    USE -   For water turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   Utilizes high pressure energy remaining in subsequent handling liquid effectively as driving force of pump. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the energy recovery type pump.
NOVELTY - A magnet (6) is attracted to another magnet (4) to fix a guide vane (1) to full closure when abnormality generates in a drive unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A link mechanism (2) is connected to the guide vane. The drive unit controls the opening and closing of the guide vane. Another magnet (5) repels the magnet (4)during the full admission of the guide vane.    USE -   For e.g. Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not need to enlarge the capacity of a drive unit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the guide vane emergency closing apparatus. (1) Guide vane; (2) Link mechanism; (4,5,6) Magnets.
NOVELTY - The number of sheets of the runner vanes (5) inside the hydraulic machines adjoin each other and vary mutually. Guide vanes (3) are provided in the perimeter of a runner (4) to vary the velocity of the hydraulic machine.    USE -   For e.g. hydroelectric power station, water turbines.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses beat oscillation of lower frequency by when hydraulic machine is running. Prevents malfunctioning of equipment and development of noise by beat oscillation of low frequency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of a hydraulic machine installation and the cross-sectional view illustrating the relationship between the runner and the guide vane. (3) Guide vane; (4) Runner; (5) Runner vane.
NOVELTY - A half vane (3) provided in the periphery slippage of an impeller (1) between each impeller vane (2) is shorter than each impeller vane.    USE -   For pumped hydro power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves strength of impeller and increases the number of sheets of vane in an impeller by providing half vane between vanes. Prevents resonance phenomenon of impeller when pump turbine is running. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the bottom view of the impeller of the pump turbine. (1) Impeller; (2) Impeller vane; (3) Half vane.
NOVELTY - A self-rotating wing (2) makes a fluid move in only one direction. A rotator is placed moving in a fixed direction in the fluid.    USE -   For e.g. turbine, engine, windmill, pump, propulsion machine, circulator.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows an efficient conversion of energy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the self-rotating wing of a wind mill used for water turbine. (2) Self-rotating wing.
NOVELTY - The rail-like member (11) and the solar battery modules (12) are combined to the shape of a solar panel (1). The rail-like member lifts on the solar battery module of the solar panel, when the clamp (23) of the jig (2) is hooked.    USE -   For installation of solar battery system on roof surface of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures efficient installation of solar battery to roof surface. Eliminates construction number of process on roof. Achieves improvement in work efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the lifting jig. (1) Solar panel; (2) Lifting jig; (11) Rail-like member; (12) Solar battery module; (23) Clamp.
NOVELTY - An upper joiner (4) and lower joiner (3) are provided respectively to upper and lower surfaces of discarded board (2) arranged along entire length to rear side of cover (1). The discarded board has retainer (213) for holding the lower joiner. Connection cables (121,124) of solar energy converter, is accommodated in wiring space (5) formed between upper and lower joiners. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The connecting sections (42,32) of upper joiner and lower joiners respectively are formed to the inner side of the wiring space.    USE -   For processing cover equipped with solar energy converter such as solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The distortion of cover and solar battery due to collision with trees and weight of operator, is prevented when back-up material is interposed in space between rear side of cover and foundation. The connection cable is protected from influence of load or rain water since it is provided in wiring space formed between the joiners. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view edge processing unit. (1) Cover; (2) Discarded board; (3) Lower joiner; (4) Upper joiner; (5) Wiring space; (121,124) Connection cables.
NOVELTY - Several elongate support members (14) are arranged parallelly and adjacent to each other on the roof surface (11) of a building. The solar battery (19) is arranged on the support member via a virtual roof.    USE -   For attaching solar battery on the roofs of building for electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Solar battery is easily, efficiently and quickly installed on the roof surface by installing just the virtual roof to the roof surface. As air circulation is performed between the virtual roof elongate support member and roof surface of the building, the increase of temperature of the solar battery is suppressed and eliminates reduction of electricity generation voltage. Burden to roof surface due to excessive load is suppressed by installation of virtual roof. Due to virtual roof the circulation of rain water is secured and damage and leak of roof are prevented reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents exploded perspective view showing solar battery installed in middle of roof. (11) Roof surface; (14) Support members; (19) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - A clamp (22) provided for a ridge package (20) covers a pair of ramps on top side and offers a hole for a cable (19) on the bottom side. The clamp has a top hole and a gap is enclosed against ridge packages for passing the cable.    USE -   For guiding cable from solar battery module to indoor invertor.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers waterproof and easy installation by providing cable passing through holes on both sides. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar power generation system. (19) Cable; (20) Ridge package; (22) Clamp.
NOVELTY - Water (Wo), stored in the water storage unit (15) of a tank (13), is ejected to a low water-level unit (32) using a siphon after a water turbine (1) is rotated by water supplied to the tank through a drain water pipe (4). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A pneumatic pressure adjustment unit (X) adjusts the water level difference (Ho) of the water surface (h2) of the low water-level unit and the water surface (ho) of water in the water storage unit. The water turbine is positioned inside the tank and the water surface of the stored water is set below the water turbine. The low water-level unit with predetermined water level difference (H1) is connected to a discharge pipe (5) which is embedded on an earth surface and falls from the tank to the low water-level unit.    USE -   For supplying water from dam to electric power generating device.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables generator to generate electric power by rotation of water turbine due to kinetic energy of supplied water. Utilizes all effective heads to generate sufficient electric power. Secures watercourse with predetermined available head by installation of simple cut-off weir. Reduces destruction of environment due to installation of electric power generating device. Maintains water surface of stored water by terrestrial natural protection. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire system diagram of the hydroelectric apparatus. (1) Water turbine; (4) Drain water pipe; (5) Discharge pipe; (13) Tank; (15) Water storage unit; (32) Low water-level unit; (H1) Water level difference of low water-level unit; (Ho) Water level difference of water surfaces; (Wo) Water; (X) Pneumatic pressure adjustment unit; (h2) Water surface of low water-level unit; (ho) Water surface of stored water.
NOVELTY - The panel consists of a ceramic base plate (2) on which are located solar cells (3) embedded in an adhesive. After coating in plastic (4) the whole is baked together with the interconnections between cells and supply terminals (6)    USE - As cladding panels.    ADVANTAGE - The panels require no separate frame so when installed they present a smooth seamless aesthetically pleasing surface which can be suitably colored. Suitable for conventional mounting practice. Design eliminates interconnection faults. As cladding panels they do not need to match the roof slope reducing build up of dirt and snow.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of a panel to the present invention.    base plate (2)    solar cell (3)    plastic coat (4)    supply terminals (6)
NOVELTY - Multiple bases (1,2) are provided with first base comprising a light source generating a light beam, and haze creating unit which converts light beam to a visible solid light bar (10). The light bar sweeps across area adjoining base and exercising person interacts with light bars for agility exercise.    USE - For exercising and enhancing human agility and reaction time skills involving mental and physical ability to act quickly and more rapidly in reactions to events and objects that invade space surrounding sports person.    ADVANTAGE - Improves agility of exercising person, thus providing balanced mental and physical strengths.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The base further comprises a light bar sweep control unit, an audio device, a logic circuit and a light receiving mechanism. The second base comprises a light bar sweep obstruction detector and a transmission mechanism. When the obstruction detector detects obstruction of light bars by exercising person, a signal is transmitted by transmission mechanism and is received by receiving mechanism. Thereby, the logic circuit controls light bar sweep control unit, such that the movement of light bar is stopped and a warning signal is output through audio device. The light bar source further comprises a conical mirror assembly and flat mirror assembly. The logic circuit and light receiving mechanism are remotely controlled by exercising person.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the method for performing agility exercise.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of the exercise apparatus with first base.    Multiple bases (1,2)    Visible solid light bar (10)
A shaping mould is used for producing a sealing member-carried flat plate-shaped member having the sealing member on the peripheral edge of the flat plate-like member. The shaping mould is formed of a surface mould having an inner surface shape generally agreed with the outer shape of the flat plate-like member at its surface side and a back mould having an inner surface shape generally agreed with the outer shape of the flat plate-like member at its back side. At least one of the surface mould or the back mould is provided with a composition accumulating portion for integrally moulding a projected portion with the sealing member.    Also claimed is that the prodn. comprises: (a) positioning the flat plate-like member in the shaping mould so that a cavity may be formed around the peripheral edge of the flat plate-like member only; (b) housing the flat plate-like member in the shaping mould; (c) filling a high-molecular compsn. in the cavity and solidifying the high-molecular compsn.; (d) removing the moulded product from the shaping mould; (e) removing the projected portion.    USE -   The method produces the shaping mould for the sealing member-carried flat plate-like member, including a solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   The method produces the sealing member-carried flat plate-like member having no bubbles. The high-molecular compsn. is provided in a fine recessed portion to evolve an anchor effect. The result less separates the sealing member from the flat plate-like member, and evolves no bubbles on the sealing member. The resulting sealing member has enhanced strength and enhanced adhesion between the sealing member and the flat plate-like member.
NOVELTY - Current detector (31) senses current in electric motor which drives endless belt. Signal converter transforms detected amount to pulse signal. Based on the pulse signal, number of walking or running steps of user on belt is computed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The number of steps is computed based on the pulse width and moving speed of belt. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for safety device of tread mill.    USE -   In tread mill for medical check-up.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the calculation unit enables the display of number of steps detected, it is easy for the user to guide one's own physique with reference to the display. By stopping the display process under emergency condition, user's safety is secured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the step number detector. (31) Current detector.
NOVELTY - Mean temperature of electrolyte is calculated by calculation unit based on detected temperatures in rheostat main body and circulatory system. A drive control controls movable electrode (9) based on electrolyte temperature, resistance value and distance between electrodes set up beforehand by predata unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Temperature sensor (15) measures temperature in rheostat main body. A sensor (16) measures temperature in circulatory system that circulates electrolyte between main body and temperature adjustment group.    USE -   For power station of hydroelectric plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Fault is detected if operation frequency exceeds predefined value. Warning of abnormal elevation of electrolysis temperature is given reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of electrolyte temperature control apparatus. (9) Movable electrode; (15,16) Temperature sensors.
NOVELTY - The processor calculates a subsequent performance of exercises using individuals current and previous performance. The processor then communicates the performance of exercise to digital training assistant (DTA) for displaying the guidance for individuals and exercises to be performed by each individual. DTA is connected to computer through an RS-232C interface.    USE - For providing fitness program to each individual depending upon their physique.    ADVANTAGE - DTA units allow the client to easily record the actual work performed. Allows the trainer to assess the effectiveness of a workout program by virtue of the system's recording and reporting capabilities combined with the ability to simultaneously look at different clients and their corresponding demographics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the block diagram of the components in system for providing fitness program.
NOVELTY - A pixel cell reads out photoelectric load generated in photoelectric element through gate of a depletion MOS transistor (3) for source follower. The ratio of gate width and channel length of depletion MOS transistor (6) for constant current source is smaller than that of transistor for source follower, when a selector selects the source follower transistor.    USE -   For video camera, copier, facsimile.    ADVANTAGE -   The bias circuit for current sources is eliminated. High resolution image output is enabled by suppressing even the small crosstalk between each pixel. Voltage drop between transistors is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the pixel block diagram of photoelectric converter. (3) Depletion MOS transistor for source follower; (6)Depletion MOS transistor for constant current source.
NOVELTY - An amplifier amplifies electrical signal from a photodetector (54). The photodetector includes avalanche photodiode which changes either the gain of signal from amplifier or the reproduction factor of signal from photodetector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A laser scanner unit (24) does deflection scanning of the beam onto document. The scattered light from the document is received by the photodetector which performs photoelectric conversion.    USE -   For laser copier.    ADVANTAGE -   Image information on document could be read with high definitive signal quality since many light receiving elements are not provided near the document. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view showing schematic structure of laser copier with optical scanner. (24) Laser scanner unit; (54) Photodetector.
NOVELTY - A nitride semiconductor layer is laminated in the form of steps over an inclined substrate (1). The nitride semiconductor layer comprises barrier layer of quantum well structure and its empirical formula is InXAlYGa1-X-YN, 0X, 0Y, X+Y1.    USE -   For LED, superluminescent diode (SLD), LD, solar battery, photosensor, transistor.    ADVANTAGE -   Enhances the output, efficiency and durability of semiconductor device. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of nitride based semiconductor element. (1) Substrate.
NOVELTY - After vaporizing the organic metal compound, a sulfide semiconductor film (7) is formed by heating the substrate above the decomposition temperature of organic metal compound. A membraneous formation is developed by isolating the substrate from organic metal compound before complete vaporization. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A spacer (3) holds a coating film (2) containing an organic metal compound above a substrate (5) layered with a transparent conductive film (4). A metal sulfur bond microstructure acts as a source in the conductive film.    USE -   Used for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Good quality film is formed easily at faster rate by not employing complicated and expensive apparatus. Facilitates usage of glass substrate since process temperature is low. Enables to manufacture low cost high efficiency solar battery since semiconductor film is formed in normal atmosphere. Environmental concerns are well addressed by reducing cadmium consumption. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows various stages of semiconductor film formation. (2) Coating film; (3) Spacer; (4) Transparent conductive film; (5) Substrate; (7) Sulfide semiconductor film.
NOVELTY - P-layer (13) is formed by plasma chemical vapor deposition process, using raw material gas such as hydrocarbon gas like silane, methane or ethylene, hydrogen and diborane. High-frequency power supply of greater than or equal to 30 MHz, is supplied. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An n-layer (16) and i-layer (15) are laminated sequentially on the P-layer. A radical heater is arranged between a substrate and electrode pattern inside a reaction receptacle. A substrate heater is arranged facing the electrode pattern, inside reaction receptacle.    USE -   Used for amorphous silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The absorption loss of incident light, is reduced because the p-layer is laminated by `n' and `i' layers. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of solar battery. (13) P-layer; (15) I-layer; (16) N- layer.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor material layer with cadmium and tellurium is formed on a support plate (6) which is placed opposing a substrate (10). The plate and the substrate are heated, such that the semiconductor material vaporizes to form tin dioxide film (1), CdS film (2) and a CdTe film (3) sequentially on the substrate.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces cost and offers high efficiency solar battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts cross- sectional chart showing the condition of each level of manufacture of the solar battery. (1) Tin dioxide film; (2) CdS film; (3) CdTe film; (6) Support plate; (10) Substrate.
NOVELTY - On one surface side of a transparent electrically conductive film (2) laminated over a substrate (1), a diffused reflection layer (5) of unevenness shape is layered by hydro- honing technique.    USE -   For diffused reflection layer, for solar battery used in electronic equipments.    ADVANTAGE -    The rate of light which performs irregular reflection along the bonding plane, is confined in the lamination part since the solar battery substrate is roughened, thus utilization efficiency of light increases. By hydro-honing technique, the processed surface is cleaned and thus cleaning process is simplified. Since micro lapping powder can be applied to the processed surface, the surface roughness of the diffused reflection surface can be controlled finely. Improves capability of solar battery without using SnO2film. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film; (5) Diffused reflection layer.
NOVELTY - Through-holes (111e, 112e) link upper electrodes (111a, 112a), which are resin-moulded with the electronic element (111c), with lower electrodes (111b, 112b). The through holes are filled with one of the materials chosen from electroconductive glue, anisotropic electrically conducting adhesive or sheet, solder silver paste (111f, 112f).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for surface mounting type chip component manufacturing method.    USE -   For surface mounting on PCB.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents sealing resin flowing into through- holes. Provides reliable connection with flat solder electrode on outer surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing is a perspective view of the surface mounting type chip component on substrate. (111a, 112a) Upper electrodes; (111b, 112b) Lower electrodes; (111c) Electronic element; (111e, 112e) Through- holes; (111f, 112f) Electroconductive glue.
NOVELTY - Ring for welding (18) is attached to an inner cylinder (15) and a slit (121a) is formed on the peripheral surface of a flange (121), which is arranged parallel to the welding ring. The portion of flange (121c) above the slit is made to bend and is welded with the ring.    USE -   For mounting infrared ray detector.    ADVANTAGE -   By forming slit flange is made to bend easily during welding, thus inner cylinder is attached accurately and correctly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows inner cylinder welding method. (15) Inner cylinder; (18) Ring for welding; (121c) Flange portion; (121g) Slit.
NOVELTY - An optical transmitting module (1) comprises a light emitter, which switches between ON/OFF condition based on a pattern depending on a transmission signal fed as input to the module. When a switching IC (5) switches the light emitter to drive continuously by supplying high level signal, the light emission level of the light emitter is measured.    USE -   For center monitoring system which monitors and performs batch management of various installations in factory.    ADVANTAGE -   Degradation is detected accurately by measuring light emission level simply and reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the light transmitter. (1) Optical transmitting module; (5) Switching IC.
NOVELTY - Degree of champing angle of a fixed guide vane (4) of a cylindrical gate (5) is set so that maximum turbine output is obtained. The depth of the cylindrical gate during full opened state is set larger than depth of cylindrical gate, when maximum turbine output is obtained.    USE -   For reactance water turbine like Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   The output insufficiency due to manufacture error is compensated since the depth of the cylindrical gate is set larger than depth of cylindrical gate corresponding to maximum turbine output. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of water turbine. (4) Guide vane; (5) Cylindrical gate.
NOVELTY - A lead wire (3) for extracting the output of a solar battery element is arranged in contact with a foundation material (8). The casing for the lead wire is made of polyethylene resin, polyamide resin, vinylidene-fluoride resin, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, silicone resin or fluororesin    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for solar battery installation method is also provided.    USE -   For installation of solar battery on wall, roof of building. For power generating device, air circulation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   The length of lead wire is extended easily, thus generation of crack is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a sectional view of outer enclosure. (3) Lead wire; (8) Foundation material.
NOVELTY - A vertical rail with ventilation hole (11) supports a solar battery module (3) installed on a roof surface. An air passage layer (10) is provided between the roof surface and the solar battery module. Radiation fins (12) are arranged on the inner surface of the solar battery module for heat dissipation.    USE -   For installing solar battery module on roof surface of building and residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves air permeability enabling the solar battery module to cool uniformly. Reduces voltage resistance even when solar battery module is connected, serially. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows expanded sectional view of installation structure of solar battery module. (3) Solar battery module; (10) Air passage layer; (11) Ventilation hole; (12) Radiation fin.
The component manufacturing method uses a radiation emission    of detection semiconductor chip (1) secured to a socket of a    plastics base (4) and connected to at least two electrode    connections (2,3) provided by thin-film conductor paths deposited on the surface of the base.    The conductor paths are applied via a galvanic deposition process and structured via a laser etching process, before deposition of a thin layer of an auxiliary material for increasing the thickness of selected areas with the remaining areas removed.    USE -   For surface-mounted optoelectronic component manufacture, e.g. either emitting or receiving visible or IR radiation.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduced manufacturing costs and overall height of    obtained component.
NOVELTY - A first electrode layer, a semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode layer are formed in this order on a substrate, and a light diffusion layer which has a surface texture including fine unevenness suitable for causing the light diffusion and formed by using a resin including particles, is provided between the substrate and the first electrode layer.    USE - Used in solar cells, especially thin film semiconductor photoelectric converters.    ADVANTAGE - A thin film semiconductor photoelectric converter is provided easily and inexpensively which has a high efficiency of conversion due to light confinement effect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photoelectric converter comprises (i) a first electrode layer, a semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode layer formed in this order on a substrate; and (ii) a light diffusion layer for causing light diffusion, provided between the substrate and the first electrode layer. The light diffusion layer has a surface texture including fine unevenness suitable for causing the light diffusion and formed by using a resin including particles suitable for causing the surface texture. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the converter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a photoelectric converter.    Transparent Substrate (1)    Light Diffusion Layer (2)    Transparent Electrode layer (3)    Light Diffusion Effect Increasing Layer (4)    Semiconductor Photoelectric Conversion Layer (5)    Metal Atom Diffusion Prevention Layer (6)    Metal Electrode Layer (7)
NOVELTY - Several unit cells are serially connected on a translucent insulating substrate. The transparent conductive film electrode (6) of each unit cell and the back electrode (8) of an adjacent unit cell are connected via a contact line (4). The contact line is formed by patterning by scribing the photoelectric conversion layer (5) using a laser beam. The wavelength of the laser beam exceeds 0.6 microns so that the side edges of the contact line is heated to be crystallized and made conductive.    USE - The solar battery is used to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces manufacturing time by using long wavelength laser.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a patterning line.    contact line (4)    photoelectric conversion layer (5)    transparent conductive film electrode (6)    back electrode (8)
NOVELTY - A main power supply (6) supplies power to first order side power supply unit (1) which charges a battery (7). During service interruption, a switch (15) switches a secondary side output unit (2), by which the battery supplies voltage to information units (21,23) and a solar battery supplies voltage to fluorescent lamps (16-18), in an external unit (3).    USE -   For lighting fixtures, air conditioner, crime prevention apparatus, FA personal computer.    ADVANTAGE -   The power consumption is suppressed. Energy is saved by utilizing charge from solar battery for precision instruments and thereby precision instruments are operated efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of uninterruptable power supply apparatus. (1) First order side supply unit; (2) Secondary side power supply unit; (3) External unit; (6) Main power supply; (7) Battery; (15) Switch; (16- 18) Fluorescent lamps; (21,23) Information units.
NOVELTY - An image sensor and LCD device are formed with similar active matrix type circuits with same pixel format. Both are operated with same scanning method, identical operation timing and with identical signals having same frequency and amplitude.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids need for complicated signal processing circuit and thus offers simple construction. Reduces power consumption. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the block diagram of image sensor and display device.
NOVELTY - A photodiode (5) is connected parallel to the tunnel diodes (1,2). The anode of photodiode is grounded. An optical data and clock signal are input to the photodiodes (4,5), respectively. The output signal is extracted from the common node on the tunnel diodes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Tunnel diodes (1,2) are serially connected to DC power supply (7) through a resistor (3). The anode of the photodiode (4) is connected in common to the tunnel diodes and the cathode is connected to the resistor.    USE -   For semiconductor integrated circuit.    ADVANTAGE -   The identification operation is simultaneously performed with signal conversion without increase in the circuit scale and hence high speed operation is realizable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the circuit diagram of the optical data identification circuit. (1,2) Tunnel diodes; (3) Resistor; (4,5) Photodiode; (7) DC power supply.
NOVELTY - Holders (8,5) for transmission and reception, have packages leads (9a-9d, 11a-11d) which connects light- emitting and receiving elements inside respective packages to external connection leads. Holders are mounted on substrate (13) having through hole through which pack leads are passed.    USE -   For optical module used in optical communication system e.g. optical LAN and data link.    ADVANTAGE -   Protects the glass resin used in holders from cracking since the stress during bending of package leads is absorbed by substrate. Electrical connection distance of various components with the holders is reduced by providing component mounting pad in the substrate. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows plan and side view of module as well as side and bottom views of reception holder. (5,8) Holders; (9a-9d, 11a-11d) Package leads; (13) Substrate.
NOVELTY - A cam follower (37) projected from undersurface of a board (3) is made to contact a concave-shaped cam surface (7a) in a cam body (7). When the cam body is moved horizontally, the cam follower is moved vertically so that the outer edge of a curved end surface in the cam follower is in continuous contact with the concave shaped cam surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar battery is mounted on a board (3) so that the battery is arranged opposite to a condensing lens. A motor drives a cam follower (37) along a cam surface so that the board attached to the cam follower is moved vertically.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces drive load of motor. Suppresses inclination of cam surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates a sectional view of a solar battery apparatus. (3) Board; (7) Cam body; (7a) Cam surface; (37) Cam follower.
NOVELTY - A solar battery module (56) containing solar battery cells is interposed between a base (54) and a frame (58) which is fixed to the base through a screw (136). The screw has two connection portions which connect with the base and the frame, respectively when the screw is rotated to wearing position, thereby the module is supported between the base and the frame.    USE -   For installing solar battery module on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies structure and operation of installation apparatus. Enables to rotate fixing tool easily and maintain it reliably to wearing position. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the simple perspective diagram of portion of solar battery module installation apparatus. (54) Base; (56) Solar battery module; (58) Frame; (136) Screw.
NOVELTY - Solar battery elements (310) are transferred from Si substrate to plastic film board (210). Then,each elements are separated by cutting. Cut elements are mounted on support board (320), according to desired pattern. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for thin film module.    USE -   For solar battery utilized in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces number of manufacturing process and hence cost. Obtains quality solar battery module by simplifying cutting. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of manufacture of thin film module. (210) Plastic film board; (310) Solar battery elements; (320) Support board.
NOVELTY - The diffused reflection surface of solar battery substrate (1) is obtained by sand blasting and then acid etching. A transparent electrically conductive ITO film (2) is formed over the substrate surface. An amorphous silicon a-Si film (3) and a metal electrode film (4) are laminated over the ITO film.    USE -   For manufacture of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Because of rough junction surface, a solar cell of superior quality is obtained. By varying the etching conditions and the diffused reflective surface characteristics, solar battery of desired capacity can be manufactured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the sectional view of sand blasting process, etching process and lamination process involved in solar battery manufacture. (1) Solar battery substrate; (2) ITO film; (3) a-Si film; (4) Metal electrode film.
NOVELTY - Maximum power of the circuit is calculated by a calculator (41) based on load current and voltage that are detected by detectors (20,30). Based on the calculation result, a central controller (40) varies the ON duty ratio of the semiconductor switches in the switching regulator (12) of each solar battery unit (10) individually. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMs are included for the following: a solar battery module control method; a recording medium that stores program for solar battery module control    USE -   Solar battery used for storage battery and electric power convertor.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides efficient power control with minimum number of parts. Reduces cost as single controller is used for entire system. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the solar power generation control system. (10) Solar battery unit; (12) Switching regulator; (20,30) Detectors; (40) Controller; (41) Calculator.
NOVELTY - A polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel (9) is inserted between a cover glass and a solar battery (1). The liquid crystal panel has a pattern area with color different from that of solar battery and transparent ground area. The light passing through the ground area is received by solar battery for generating electricity.    USE -   For e.g. wrist watch, electronic computer.    ADVANTAGE -   The reading property of liquid crystal panel is improved since color of pattern portion is different from solar battery. Electricity generation efficiency is increased even when liquid crystal panel and solar battery are piled. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of wrist watch. (1) Solar battery; (9) Liquid crystal panel.
NOVELTY - A top flange (12) has latches (13) for supporting the upper portion of the solar battery module frame. The lower portion of the frame is screwed to side brackets (17). A clamping plate at rear has holes (24,26) for attaching to a wall or balcony. A hole (16) in top flange is used to keep the framework suspended from a mounting structure, such as wall, before firmly attaching it.    USE -   For supporting solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy installation of solar battery module on exterior wall, balcony and easy detachment. Safety while detaching the module is secured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar battery module mounting framework. (12) Top flange; (13) Latches; (16) Hole; (17) Side brackets; (24,26) Holes.
NOVELTY - The liquor (31), buoyancy piston (5), chain gear (73), interlocking chain (15), chain base (61), clutch (33), anti-rolling piston (77), pushing van (68), pushing van adjustment machine (88), main shaft (6), air bubbles injection tip (69) and air injection mouth (83) are provided inside a cylinder (3). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A rotation regulating motor, main gear, drain valve (23), pushing van adjustment machine (88), supplying adjustment mouth (34), intake pipe (56), air feed pipe (94), air vent (27) and air pump (89) are provided outside the cylinder.    USE -   For purification of sea water.    ADVANTAGE -   As the system does not use fuel, environmental pollution is prevented and resources are conserved and thereby cost is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the expanded sectional view of the hydraulic power rotation system. (3) Cylinder; (5) Buoyancy piston; (6) Main shaft; (15) Interlocking chain; (23) Drain valve; (27) Air vent; (31) Liquor; (33) Clutch; (34) Supplying adjustment mouth; (56) Intake pipe; (61) Chain base; (68) Pushing van; (69) Air bubbles injection tip; (73) Chain gear; (77) Anti-rolling piston; (83) Air injection mouth; (88) Pushing van adjustment machine; (89) Air pump; (94) Air feed pipe.
NOVELTY - Air vent (65) and supply adjustment opening (34) are provided in upper part of a cylinder (3). In both exterior sides of the cylinder van adjustment machine (88), main gear (25) and motor gear (53) are provided. In lower center portion of the cylinder, a drain valve (23) is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Air bubbles injection tips (69), anti-rolling piston (77), pushing van, interlocking chain (15), chain gear (73), buoyancy piston (5), clutch (33) and main shaft (6) are provided in lower portion of cylinder (3). A rotary pump (19), intake pipe (56) and air regulating valve (10) are provided at lower portion of cylinder (3). An air pump (89), another air regulating valve (10), air feed pipe (94) and antisuck unit (14) are also provided in lower portion of cylinder.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   No fuel is needed. Prevents global warming environmental pollution. Enables conservation of resources reliably. Improves efficiency of hydraulic power rotation system. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of cylinder for hydraulic power rotation system. (3) Cylinder; (5) Buoyancy piston; (6) Main shaft; (10) Air regulating valve; (14) Antisuck unit; (15) Interlocking chain; (19) Rotary pump; (23) Drain valve; (25) Main gear; (33) Clutch; (34) Supply adjustment opening; (53) Motor gear; (56) Intake pipe; (65) Vent; (69) Air bubble injection tip; (73) Chain gear; (77) Anti- rolling piston; (88) Cylinder van adjustment machine; (89) Air pump; (94) Air feed pipe.
NOVELTY - The vertical shaft turbine (1) is provided with an inlet valve (2) connected to a scroll case (3), to let the water flow. The inlet valve makes a small opening and pauses for a preset time (t) before opening further, in order to let the air lock (b1) accumulated in the scroll case. The opening of the inlet valve is continued only after elapse of preset time.    USE -   For releasing air lock in Francis and Kaplan vertical shaft water turbines.    ADVANTAGE -   Gradual release of air prevents water rushing in with great force towards upper side of pond or dam surface. Maintains uniform force on hydraulic pressure hammer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows principal parts of vertical shaft water turbine. (1) Vertical shaft turbine; (2) Inlet valve; (3) Scroll case; (b1) Air lock.
NOVELTY - Revolving shaft (2) of an impeller (1) is suspended between main floating object (8) and supplement floating object (11). The revolving shaft crosses orthogonally between main floating object and supplement floating object with respect to the direction of a water course due to which electricity is generated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The revolving shaft of a generator (9) mounted at one side of a main floating object (8) floating at one side of a river bank via a revolving shaft (2) of an impeller (1). The revolving shaft of generator removably supports bearing which is mounted to one end of a supplement floating object (11) that floats in another side of river bank.    USE -   For hydraulic, nuclear power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Vast installation such as a dam is not required and hence electricity generation in low cost is offered easily. Electricity is generated stably since there is no influence by variation of water level. Discharged water course energy can be utilized effectively. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows plan view of hydraulic power generation installation. (1) Impeller; (2) Revolving shaft; (8,11) Floating objects; (9) Generator.
NOVELTY - A casing (6) is provided with an arm top cover (4) and a discharge ring (5). A runner (1) with a vane (1a) and a crown (2), rotates inside the casing. The interior shape (4a) of the arm top cover and the outer shape (2a) of the runner crown are symmetrical with an interstice gap (g) being constant for perfect matching.    USE -   In hydraulic machine.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reduction in frictional force in the interstice, thereby increasing smooth and efficient operation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of the casing and runner. (1) Runner; (1a) Runner vane; (2) Crown; (2a) Outer crown; (4a) Interior shape of arm top cover; (5) Discharge ring; (6) Casing; (g) Interstice gap.
NOVELTY - A solar battery module (1) is fixed on upper portion of the frame (2) and a clamp (4) is projected at the side of the frame by a spring (7). The clamp is inserted in an opening (51) of the attachment frame to attach the solar battery module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The clamp is formed in the side of the frame. The opening equivalent to the clamp is formed in the attachment frame. One end of the clamp is supported by the revolving shaft (6). The solar battery module has the frame on which the solar battery (3) is installed.    USE -   For solar power generation system and in residential building.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies installation and maintenance service of solar battery module. Reduces roof portion construction time period by fixing solar battery module quickly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view showing solar battery module attachment structure. (1) Solar battery module; (2)Frame; (3) Solar battery; (4) Clamp; (6) Revolving shaft; (7) Spring; (51) Opening.
NOVELTY - The structure (1) has several solar panels (20) which are arranged on the roof of a building. One transparent panel (30) with permeability of contour shape is provided along with the solar panels. A top light is provided under the transparent panel.    USE -   In building roof.    ADVANTAGE -   The variation of the light is enriched, since stained glass is used. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows perspective diagram of solar panel installation structure. (20) Solar panels; (30) Transparent panel.
NOVELTY - A reinforcement material (23) is inserted into a frame (2) that is directly fixed to a roof material. A holder (3) is formed on the frame, that has a groove (31) on one side. A side edge (40a) of a frameless solar battery module (40) is held in the groove. The frame reinforcement material and holder are formed integrally using an elastic member. A fit recess (32) is formed in upper surface of the holder, into which zipper (33) is fitted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar battery module includes solar battery cell row which consists of flatly arranged solar battery cells between front and rear unit. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for frameless solar battery module application method.    USE -   For attaching frameless solar battery module on roof material.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery module is reliably and easily fixed to roof with less number of screws. The number of processes are reduced by forming frame, holder and reinforcement material integrally. Drop off of battery module is reduced by fitting zipper to fit recess in holder. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front elevation of attachment tool for frameless solar battery module. (2) Frame; (3) Holder; (23) Reinforcement member; (31) Groove; (32) Fit recess; (33) Zipper(40) Battery module; (40a) Side edge.
NOVELTY - A rod shaped member is provided on the roof of a building, on which several solar battery module are installed. A scaffold attachment unit is provided on the rod shaped member.    USE -   For solar battery module array.    ADVANTAGE -   Due to provision of scaffold attachment unit on rod shaped member, exchange of solar battery module array is ensured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the attachment frame structure.
NOVELTY - The bent portion of surface board (11), formed on resin layer (15) is supported by retainers (161,162) on rear-side supporting plate (16). The resin layer has thickness identical with that of surface board. The surface board is integrally equipped with solar battery.    USE -   For outer cladding structure.    ADVANTAGE -   Sublation from an edge is prevented and synthesize by the adhesive agent in a surface board is maintained stable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of connection structure of covering. (11) Surface board; (15) Resin layer; (16) Back side supporting plate; (161,162) Retainers.
NOVELTY - The adhesion sheet (21) contains an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer combined with diethyl-hexanoxycarbonyl t-butyl peroxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar battery module which is obtained by covering a solar battery cell (11) using the adhesion sheet.    USE -   For solar batteries in residential roof etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Productive efficiency of the solar battery is increased and the production cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The diagram shows the structure of a solar battery module. (3,4) Protective layers; (10) Multilayered body; (11) Solar battery cell; (21) Adhesion sheet.
NOVELTY - The web is drawn from molten material in a furnace and one or both of its surfaces exposed to a solid body of dopant material heated to diffusion temperature. Exposure may be within or externally to the furnace. The two faces may be exposed to separate dopants of differing conductivity type.    USE - Fabrication of silicon crystal web for photovoltaic conversion of solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - Simple process eliminating need for a separate gas diffusion process.
An electric generator has a casing used as a stator and blade wheel installed on casing to contra-rotate. Its triangular satellite gear set is engaged with the toothed ring of the casing. The gear of the drive shaft is installed to the buoy concave ring and inner concave platform of the suspended surging power station.    Two adjacent power station buoys are communicated via. air tube to inflate the dome inner cavity so as to alternatively lift and drop in the surging of 15 m depth. The water flows coming in and going out drive the contra-rotation of the casing and blade wheel to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE -   It can also be installed in stepped overfall power station to generate electric energy.
NOVELTY - A receiver (14) is mounted on the focus region of an offset parabolic reflector (12) with a flat reflecting surface from its center axis to a circular line at its periphery. The portion between circular line and rim of reflector is parabolic. The focus region is formed on the ring surrounding the central axis. The periphery of receiver is coincident with focus region.    USE - For boiler.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents fatigue failure of bonds between solar cells and substrate by matching coefficient of thermal expansion between solar cell and substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several solar cells (16) are arranged on the peripheral surface of receiver and prefilter elements (11) for each solar cell is positioned in front of the solar cells. The prefilter elements serves as secondary concentration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of solar concentration configuration.    Reflector (12)    Receiver (14)    Solar cells (16)
NOVELTY - A current detector (31) detects the current drawn by the electric motor which is proportional to the speed of the belt of the tread mill. When the drawn current is greater than predetermined value, the abnormality of tread mill is detected.    USE -   For tread mill.    ADVANTAGE -   Warning and error display is provided for the fault of fixed board and the coating condition of lubricating oil. The rupture and serious accident development of the apparatus is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the current wave type diagram showing the analog waveform of motor current detecting signal. (31) Current detector.
NOVELTY - A comparator (4) controls automatic gain control circuit (2) such that the bias voltage of an avalanche photodiode does not exceed predetermined value from which maximum reproduction factor of the diode is obtained. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The peak voltage output of an equalization amplifier is compared by the comparator (4) of the control circuit (3) with reference voltage value to control the automatic gain control circuit.    USE -   For controlling bias voltage of optical receiver in optical communication system..    ADVANTAGE -   Bias voltage of avalanche photodiode does not exceed the predetermined value thereby automatic gain control circuit is operated normally without influencing characteristics of diode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the theoretic structure of bias control system. (2) Automatic gain control circuit; (3) Control circuit; (4) Comparator.
NOVELTY - The liquid containing ammonium halide salt liquid medium and resin is applied on a tin-oxide film supported by a glass substrate in desired pattern. The substrate is heated to temperature more than sublimation point of the ammonium halide salt. The applied liquid reacts with the tin-oxide film and removes TiO film selectively to form a predetermined pattern.    USE -   For LCD element, non-crystal semiconductor solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Shortens patterning time, by reaction between applied liquid and tin-oxide film. Reduces patterning cost by reducing number of processes. Enables protecting glass substrate by choosing proper temperature for heating.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows procedure involved in patterning.
NOVELTY - An optical element (4) and a thermistor (5) are mounted on a base (3) of an optical module package (1) fixed to peltier element (6) via a support (7). Based on temperature of the optical element, the thermistor controls the peltier element (2) arranged under base. Based on temperature of the optical module package, a thermistor (8) controls the peltier element.    USE -   For optical module package such as DIP.    ADVANTAGE -   As the thermistors are not influenced by atmospheric air, temperature control of base and optical package is more precise. The influence of temperature caused by a radiant heat within an optical module package is avoided by using thermistors with identical temperature detecting capacity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the temperature controller. (1) Optical module package; (2,6) Peltier elements; (3) Base; (4) Optical element; (5,8) Thermistors; (7) Support.
NOVELTY - Solar battery (1) and LD MOSFETs (2,3) are arranged on GND terminal frame (4), through insulated paste (5). Anodes (1a,1b) of the battery and the MOSFETs are electrically connected via bonding wire (6). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cathode (1c) and source electrodes (2b,3b) of MOSFETs are electrically connected to frame through bonding wire. Drain electrodes (2c,3c) of the MOSFETs are electrically connected to output terminal frames (7a,7b).    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents capacitance gain between output terminals during relay OFF state. Prevents need for individually performing bonding of LD MOSFET. Prevents crushing of insulated paste during chip mounting. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic plan view of optical coupling semiconductor relay. (1) Solar battery; (1c) Cathode; (2,3) LD MOSFETs; (2b,3b) Source electrodes; (2c,3c) Drain electrodes; (4) GND terminal frame; (5) Insulated paste; (6) Bonding wire; (7a,7b) Output terminal frames.
NOVELTY - The light receptor (2) has two light reception parts (2a,2b) to isolate light signals of two or more wavelengths. The two light reception parts are formed on a single chip. A calculator (9) calculates intensity of electrical signal corresponding to the two wavelengths of light signals received by light receptor parts.    USE -   For optical communication.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs isolation of each frequency band with high precision. When several wavelength bands are isolated, the light receptor is miniaturized. Since the light receiving parts are formed on a single chip, a small and inexpensive light receptor module is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the wavelength isolator type light receptor. (2) Light receptor; (2a,2b) Light reception parts; (9) Calculator.
NOVELTY - The thin film solar battery is attached to air cell (13). Insulating sealing material is filled in the circumference portion of back lining and the transparent board in air tight condition. The lead wire of the battery is sealed by the sealing material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The transparent substrate (2) is attached to side wall so that the falt board of the back lining (11) is separated from side wall (11b). The air cell is provided in a space between back lining and transparent board.    USE -   For solar battery module mounted on building roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Eases installation of battery module by using sealing material. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of the thin film solar battery module. (2) Substrate; (11) Back lining; (11b) Side wall; (13) Air cell.
NOVELTY - Solar battery (1) includes a transparent board installed on the roof. Wipers (2a,2b) are provided on the surface of the transparent board to remove the cleaning liquid that cleans board surface.    USE -   In residences.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery can receive solar light efficiently, since wiper removes the adhered dust. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of solar battery with wiper. (1) Solar battery; (2a,2b) Wipers.
NOVELTY - The solar battery (7) is mounted on the surface board (3). A honey-comb structured panel (6) is supported between the surface board and the back side board (2). A terminal box (13) with a lid (14) is housed in a recess (12) provided in the panel.    USE -   For solar module battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables installation of terminal box in the panel easily without hindering visibility of back surface. The back side projection is avoided, since back surface merges within the recess, thereby raises external appearance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery module. (2) Back side board; (3) Surface board; (6) Honey-comb structured panel; (7) Solar battery; (12) Recess; (13) Terminal box; (14) Lid.
NOVELTY - The solar battery structure has a growth condition observation measurement module (2) between a semiconductor substrate (3) and a solar battery module (1). The growth condition observation measurement module consists of mixed crystal composition and several laminated semiconductor layers which consists of elements selected from third and fifth group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Solar battery with high photoelectric conversion efficiency is obtained. Suppresses lattice mismatching of mixed crystal semiconductor layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of solar battery. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Measurement module; (3) Semiconductor substrate.
NOVELTY - A p-type area (118) different from an n-type area, is formed on the peripheral surface of a resonance tunnel structure. The junction of p-type and n-type areas, is made into light signal input area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A Schottky electrode (119) area is provided on the peripheral surface of the resonance tunnel structure. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for current modulation procedure.    USE -   For high-speed light reception circuit for optical communication.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs high speed operation due to resonance tunnel diode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the semiconductor device. (118) P-type area.
NOVELTY - The sealing material consists of an ethylene- vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA resin) crosslinked with an organic peroxide. The bridging is performed at 140C in 30 min or less duration.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The sealing material has high volume resistivity due to the presence of EVA resin. Electricity leakage in solar battery is efficiently prevented since insulation of solar battery module is raised. A compact and low cost solar battery is availed.
NOVELTY - The sealing material consists of 30 wt% or less of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA resin).    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The sealing material has high volume resistivity due to the presence of EVA resin. Electricity leakage in solar battery is efficiently prevented since insulation of solar battery module is raised. A compact and low cost solar battery is availed.
NOVELTY - Metal particles (2) are embedded on a substrate (1). The top portion of the substrate is deposited with amorphous silicon material (3). The amorphous silicon material is than heated in vacuum and crystallized.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves conversion efficiency of battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the polycrystalline silicon thin film formation. (1) Substrate; (2) Metal particles; (3) Amorphous silicon material.
NOVELTY - A detector (250) detects the electric power value of sine wave generator (230). The control circuit (240) reduces switching frequency when the detection result is within predetermined region.    USE -   Used in solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces switching loss due to lowering of switching frequency. The conduction loss of a reactor is reduced by improving conversion efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts diagram of inverter. (230) Sinewave generator; (240) Control circuit; (250) Detector.
NOVELTY - An optical fiber (62) transmits light signal to photodiode (64) installed in the axle line of the transmitting medium. Electrodes are provided at front and rear surfaces (66,67) of the photodiode. A thin light receiving layer (65) provided at the front surface absorbs portion of incident light. Fixture lens (74) is provided at rear surface for transmitting the received light.    USE -   For telephone, facsimile, television.    ADVANTAGE -   Size and cost reduction is achieved by avoiding usage of expensive optical coupler, ferrules, packages and lens. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the block diagram of the optical transceiver and module. (62) Optical fiber; (64) Photodiode; (65) Light receiving layer; (66,67) Front and rear surfaces of photodiode; (74) Fixture lens.
NOVELTY - The foil cover has a number of foil photovoltaic modules, which are coupled together for providing one or more closed surfaces, together forming a cover for the refuse dump which is self-supporting.    USE - For covering refuse dump.    ADVANTAGE - The cover provides low-cost current generation from an unused land area and protects the refuse from water penetration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of a current-generating foil cover for a refuse dump.
NOVELTY - The power plant has an air conduit on the drop line of a mountain or hill slope and incorporates a transparent roofing of the natural subsoil, as well as a current generating turbine. The mountain slope surface may be used as part of the conduit, typically the mountain slope in the conduit region consists of massive rock. At least in the lower conduit region there is transparent roofing. The air inlet is then located at the slope deepest point.    USE - For power generation in subtropical band.    ADVANTAGE - Provides high pressure wind flow by utilizing solar heat and increased safety with reduced cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partly perspective frontal view of the power plant.    roofing (11)    mountain slope (12)    air inlet (13)    air outlet (15)
(CN1202540-A)      NOVELTY - The melted raw materials in the furnace is drawn out through a path in exit port to form a dendrite web (40) with two main surfaces (41). A solid doping material (33) in the path is heated to diffusion temperature and any one of main surfaces of dendrite web is exposed to dopant to form a diffusion layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for diffusion layer forming apparatus.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since doping material is diffused appropriately on the dendrite web, gaseous diffusion is eliminated and diffusion layer formation is simplified. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the doping impurity diffusion layer formation method on dendrite web photoelectric cell. (33) Doping material; (40) Dendrite web; (41) Main surfaces.
NOVELTY - A movable transfer carriage which mounts a screw jack is supported on rails (32) fixed to a support (26). Movable arms (54) extending from support arms (50) of carriage, rotatably supports a water wheel (56). The water wheel along the flowing waterway is lowered or raised, by actuating the movable arms along vertical direction with screw jack.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Adjusts water wheel position in response to changing water conditions thus enhances production efficiency of electrical power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The water wheel has a shaft whose ends are coupled to the movable arms. Vanes (60) extending outwardly from the shaft are equally spaced and fixed on the shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of hydroelectric system.    Support (26)    Rails (32)    Support arms (50)    Movable arms (54)    Water wheel (56)
NOVELTY - The opposite edges of a solar panel (14) and a roof (15) is sealed by a sealing unit. The sealing unit includes the waste water cut panel (27) which is installed by sealing one edge to the roof and another to the roof panel. A draining cover panel (28) is installed by sealing one edge to a solar panel and another to the upper portion of a waste water cut panel.    USE -   For solar panel installed roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies sealing between solar panel and roof thereby number of man days required to establish the seal is less. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the perspective view of building equipped with the water proof structure and roof panel with a solar battery. (14) Solar panel; (15) Roof; (27) Waste water cut panel; (28) Draining cover panel.
NOVELTY - A thin waterproof sheet (10) is united with the flexible solar battery unit to form the waterproof sheet. TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - The sheet is made of vinyl chloride and ethylene propylene diene monomer.INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - The cell of the solar battery unit consists of amorphous silicon.    USE -   For roof mounted solar battery in building.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the waterproof sheet is in the top face of the solar battery and is not affected by ultraviolet light, high endurance of the waterproof sheet is secured. Since the cell of the solar battery consists of amorphous silicon, electricity is generated even from scattered light thereby the amount of accumulation electricity generation is large. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the waterproof solar battery unit sheet's structure. (10) Waterproof sheet.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module section (31) formed by melting and fusing of the solar battery module (33) and front glass (32) is integrated with the heat insulator (34). The insulator is formed by joining the backside glass (35) and incombustible material (36) using a cementing layer (37) of thickness 10-200 m.    USE -   For housing solar battery module in building.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids need for modification or reconstruction of existing roof and hence mounting work is simplified. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the structure of non-flammable building material with solar battery module. (31) Solar battery module section; (32) Front glass; (33) Solar battery module; (34) Heat insulator; (35) Back side glass; (36) Incombustible material; (37) Cementing layer.
NOVELTY - A CPU (8) selects the image frame that must be regenerated from the outputs of several installed video cameras (2) based on calculated position difference of an exercising trainer, and regenerates the selected image frame for every ranking. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The video cameras are installed in a predetermined space in which a moving body moves at a predetermined rate. A memory (4) specifies and stores the image frame of the real image, photographed by each video camera, in ranks. A pulse encoder (5) measures the operating speed of the exercising trainer for every ranking of the stored image frames. The CPU computes the difference between the position of the trainer and the real image for every ranking of the image frame based on the difference of the rate during real image photography and the measured operating speed. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:an adjustable speed regeneration method of a real image;and a recording medium for storing an adjustable speed regeneration program of a real image.    USE -   For real image of an exercising trainer.    ADVANTAGE -   Trainer can perform exercises without inconvenience due to automatic and reliable regeneration of real image based on operating speed of trainer during photography. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the adjustable speed regeneration system of a real image. (2) Video cameras; (4) Memory; (5) Pulse encoder; (8) CPU.
NOVELTY - Deposited plastic film having a thin metal or metal oxide layer formed on surface of coating layer.    USE - In transparent conductive sheet used in liquid crystal display devices, solar batteries, electromagnetic shielding panels, touch panels, electroluminescent (EL) panels, color filters, etc..    ADVANTAGE - The film has excellent adhesion between base film and deposit layer and excellent gas-barrier properties after boiling treatment or printing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A deposited film comprises a plastic film, a coating film and a deposit layer, the coating layer being formed on at least one surface of the plastic film and comprising a cured resin composition obtained by curing a resin comprising 6-80 wt.% oxazoline group-containing water-soluble polymer. The deposit layer comprises a metal and/or metal oxide and is formed on a surface of the coating layer.
NOVELTY - The collector includes, between two protective plates (4, 5), a chamber (6), whose inner width exceeds the solar cell (2) thickness. In the chamber on the lower protective plate (5) is located a frame (3) with windows (8), bounded by strips (7). The window strips are pushed apart by associated solar cells and are spaced from the top protective plate (4). The frame is supported on the lower protective plate by elastic buffers.    USE - For photovoltaic current generation.    ADVANTAGE - No need for the solar cell lamination, using plastics foils.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial cross-section of the inventive solar collector    solar cells (2)    support frame (3)    top protective plate (4)    lower protective plate (5)    window strips (7)    windows (8)
NOVELTY - An apparatus for counting punches of a ball (12) of a punch ball unit (10) comprises a sensor (22), a counter (20) and a display (28).    USE - For measurement of the number of punches to a punch ball, to give the person a measure of their progress when fitness training.    ADVANTAGE - The number of punches to a ball of a punch ball unit can be accurately detected, counted and displayed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An apparatus for counting punches of a ball (12) of a punch ball unit (10), in which the ball is suspended by a swivel (16) from a rebound board (14) for movement within an arc of travel when the ball is punched, comprises a sensor (22) for detecting the presence of at least a part of the ball at a predetermined position within the arc of travel, a counter (20), responsive to the sensor, for producing a cumulative count corresponding to punches of the ball, and a display (28) for displaying the count.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a front view of the punch ball counter fitted to a punch ball unit.    Punch ball unit (10)    Ball (12)    Rebound board (14)    Swivel (16)    Punch ball counter (20)    Sensor (22)    Display (28)
The cathode and anode of a vacuum diode are constructed from a conductive material, coated with layers of a diamond-like carbon material and held apart by spacers and a rinse-able material which is later removed. When the cathode is heated to a temperature greater than that of the anode, heat is carried to the anode by electrons which are emitted and returned in the form of an electron flow. This generates current which maybe drawn from the anode.    USE -   Converting heat to electricity to power lighting systems etc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS - Cheap and simple fabrication, uses carbonaceous low work function electrodes, allows increased spacing between anode and cathode of generator.    the manufacture of a vacuum thermionic converter.    Cathode 4, Spacers 5, Diamond-like carbon material 6,    Rinse-able material 7, Anode 8.
NOVELTY - Turning disks (1,2) having rotary top with adjustable resistance friction elements mounted over a stationary lower disk via a bearing is mounted over pivotable pieces (4a, 4b) of a base supported at arbitrary angles by supports (7a, 7b). Banisters protects user from falling while exercising.    USE - For use in house, hospital, health club, office, school gym and outdoors by athletes, patients and for developing sense of balance during skiing. Can also be used for physical therapy, fuel conditioning, training, rehabilitation of injured leg and joints for aerobic exercises.    ADVANTAGE - Causes lower body to move relative to upper body similar to natural motion experienced with eccentrical rotation of rotary disk at inclined position.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stationary disks allow distance adjustment between the disks. The movable top attached eccentrically is covered by soft and spot massage surfaces. An electronic module with gauges displays force applied. The adjustable friction element is covered by an anti-slip safety material. A brake mechanism is provided to control rotation of the top provided with foot-shaped treads. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of exercising leg muscles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows isometric view of leg exerciser in concave position as used by patient.    Turning disks (1,2)    Pivotable pieces (4a,4b)    Supports (7a,7b)
NOVELTY - Multiple blades (206) extend between a crown (202) and a band (204) at spaced intervals. A gas passage (220) extends from an aperture (222) in the crown to an aperture (232) in the band. An interconnecting passage (230) extends from the aperture (232) to a discharge aperture (239) in the band.    USE - For Francis turbine used in hydroelectric facilities.    ADVANTAGE - Improves oxygen level by integrating gas passage between crown and blade.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The crown (202) and the band (204) are arranged concentrically. Each blade (206) has a water directing surface defined by a pressure side, a facing suction side (214), a leading edge (216) and a trailing edge (218). The gas passage includes a shallow groove (233) on the pressure side and suction side in one blade.    A cover plate (228) having multiple discharge apertures is secured over the shallow groove. One discharge aperture is formed on the bottom of the band and in an outer side wall, for permitting gas into a gap between the band and a surrounding discharge ring. A gas passage in an adjacent blade extends from the discharge aperture of the band to the crown and multiple discharge apertures extend to the trailing edge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows elevation view, partially sectioned alternative embodiment of runner with discharge aperture at band bottom.    Crown (202)    Band (204)    Blade (206)    Suction side (214)    Leading edge (216)    Trailing edge (218)    Gas passage (220)    Aperture on crown (222)    Interconnecting passage (230)    Aperture on band (232)    Cover plate (228)    Shallow groove (233)    Discharge aperture (239)
NOVELTY - The operation of a charging apparatus (2) is controlled so that electric power supplied from a solar battery module (1) to an inverter (3) is always maintained beyond a specific value by a discharge control apparatus (4). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar battery module is connected to an inverter which is inturn connected with the charging apparatus via a discharge control apparatus. An external energizer is connected to the charging apparatus via the charging control apparatus.    USE -   For domestic, commercial purposes.    ADVANTAGE -   The operation failure of charging apparatus is eliminated. Levelling of load of commercial power system is performed effectively. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the block diagram of solar power generation system for commercial electric power system. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Charging apparatus; (3) Inverter; (4) Discharge control apparatus.
NOVELTY - A charging circuit (1) converts solar energy of solar battery (3) into electrical energy and outputs it. A switch outputs the electrical energy without any conversion. Based on the intensity of the illumination, information corresponding to received intensity of illumination of solar battery, a controller (2) controls charging circuit and switch.    USE -   For charging of storage elements such as secondary battery capacitor.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers charging circuit which uses solar energy more effectively. Covers wide range of illumination from low to high intensity region. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electric circuit diagram of charger. (1) Charging circuit; (2) Controller; (3) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - Capacitors (2) of small charging capacity are connected to a switch (5) which controls charging of the capacitors, based on terminal voltage of the capacitors detected by a detector (4). Charging is controlled till the terminal voltage is greater than a reference value.    USE -   For power supply using solar battery for traffic signal.    ADVANTAGE -   Fixed voltage is supplied to load even when daylight is dim, since capacitors are used. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts a block diagram of solar battery. (2) Capacitor; (4) Detector; (5) Switch.
NOVELTY - An anode layer (15) is diffused as impurity in an N-type semiconductor substrate (14). An anode electrode is formed on the anode layer. A transistor (11c) is formed anode layer, whose base and emitter are short circuited too hastily by the anode electrode.    USE -   For optical coupler, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electrostatic breakdown voltage characteristic and defect of light receiving element by electrostatic destruction is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top and sectional views of light receiving element. (11c) Transistor; (14) N-type semiconductor substrate; (15) Anode layer.
NOVELTY - Front and rear side of a transparent light guide plate (10) is curved. A mirror (16) and a solar battery (12) are provided in rear side and end face of light guide plate respectively.    USE -   For solar light collector.    ADVANTAGE -   Total light reflection is spread and condensed to light guide plate end face. A solar tracking device becomes unnecessary. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of solar light collector. (10) Light guide plate; (12) Solar battery; (16) Mirror.
NOVELTY - A thermoplastic resin film cover (10) is formed with a solar battery module (20) is laminated on a flexible film surface (1).    USE -   For roof of the building.    ADVANTAGE -   Endurance of solar battery module is enhanced by attaching thermoplastic resin film cover with flexible film surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the solar battery attachment structure. (1) Flexible film surface; (10) Film cover; (20) Solar battery module.
NOVELTY - Incident EM wave is converted to an electric charge by conversion unit arranged on detection surface. The electric charge is stored by a capacitor part of electric charge is temporarily stored by another capacitor. The two capacitors are switched periodically by a switch. The electric charge signal is read from the capacitor by a read out unit corresponding to each pixel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of multidirectional fluoroscopic image-pick- up apparatus.    USE -   In multidirectional fluoroscopic photography apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   The influence of scattered radiation is prevented and improves signal noise ratio. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of solid state X-ray detector.
NOVELTY - Hydraulic power energy is converted into machine power with water turbine (1), and is transferred to wheel axis apparatus (4). A rotator (14) on rotation turns and starts a wind mill (15). Using the kinetic energy produced by the wind mill on rotation by wind, electric energy is generated by a generator (6).    USE -   For generating electricity in hydraulic power using wind mill.    ADVANTAGE -   Electricity generation is very high when compared to other source of electricity generations. The structure is small and less complicated. Electricity is generated at a much lower cost and when mounted on a ship it makes an electricity generating ship system. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the front elevation of an electrical generating device. (1) Water turbine; (4) Wheel axis apparatus; (6) Generator; (14) Rotator; (15) Wind mill.
NOVELTY - Jacks are individually operated to lift a runner arm top cover (51) corresponding to guide bolts (56) until tapped holes are loaded beside the runner arm top cover, so that the runner arm top cover can be detached from the junction of a guide vane shaft (57) and a guide vane bush (58). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A mounting bolt, which couples a runner arm top cover (51) and a speed ring (52), is removed. Guide bolts (56) are individually mounted in tapped holes beside the speed ring.    USE -   For e.g. vertical-shaft water turbine, pump turbine during inspection of e.g. hydroelectric power generating installation.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables lifting and removing runner arm top cover without removing generator, thus improving operability of disassembling work. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of a turbine disassembling method. (51) Runner arm top cover; (52) Speed ring; (56) Guide bolts; (57) Guide vane shaft; (58) Guide vane bush.
NOVELTY - An eaves unit (3) and a ridge unit (4) are used as front and ridge parts. The eaves unit and the ridge unit are attached at the end of a panel (2). A solar battery module (1) is built into the panel.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates construction even in narrow ground in which crane cannot be accommodated. Adjusts length dimension easily with the combination of each unit. Offers large freedom of design and construction. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of unit type roof panel. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Panel; (3) Eaves unit; (4) Ridge unit.
NOVELTY - Joint parts (4) are provided at end face of each panel unit (2,3). The joint part is equipped with electrical terminals connected to wiring which interconnect solar battery modules (1).    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs joining and electrical connection simultaneously between each panel unit. Constructs roof very easily as electrical wirings are included in the panel unit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of unit type roof panel. (1) Solar battery modules; (2,3) Panel units; (4) Joint part.
NOVELTY - The outputs of maximum-power tracking electric- power converters (20-1 - 20-n) are connected in series. The output of a solar-battery array (100) is supplied to a load through the power converters. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar-battery array (100) has solar-battery modules (101-1 - 101-n) provided with solar-battery cells (11). The battery modules are connected to respective maximum-power tracking electric-power converters. Each converter has a control-circuit (60) which controls the ON period of a switching electric-power converting-circuit (30) of self, such that input electric power of the converting circuit is maximum. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for electric-power supply distribution method.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains maximum electric energy of entire electric-power conversion system by performing simple addition of maximum energy generated by each battery module. Lowers cost of system. Reduces assembly scale of system. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of solar-battery electricity generation system. (11) Solar-battery cells; (20-1 - 20-n) Electric power converters; (30) Switching electric power converting circuit; (60) Control circuit; (100) Solar-battery array; (101-1 - 101-n) Solar- battery modules.
NOVELTY - One end of load and anode of photodiode (1) are connected to ground. One end of load resonance tunnel diode and cathode of photodiode are connected to clock supply terminal (4). Output is extracted from the common node between resonance tunnel diodes (2,3), driver and load diodes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photodiode (1) inputs optical signal to a load resonance tunnel diode (3) connected in the load circuit between clock supply terminal (4) and ground (6).    USE -   For semiconductor integrated circuits.    ADVANTAGE -   Signal conversion and identification can be performed simultaneously. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of optoelectric transducer. (1) Photodiode; (2,3) Resonance tunnel diodes; (4) Clock supply terminal; (6) Ground.
NOVELTY - The I-V converting circuit carries out impedance conversion and the output is fed as input to a voltage amplifier through input resistor (8) formed by N-polysilicon and a gain is obtained.    USE -   For optical disk drive.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces temperature dependency and reduces influence of manufacture variation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram for I-V conversion amplifier.
NOVELTY - A polycrystalline silicon layer (1004) includes channel formation, drain and source areas (1005-1007), contacting a gate electrode (1002) via a gate insulating film (1003). The whole arrangement is formed on a substrate (1001). Light (1011) is directly incident on a non-crystalline silicon layer (1008) which is formed over the polycrystalline silicon layer.    USE -   Used for digital still camera, video camera, facsimile and copier.    ADVANTAGE -   Photo carrier generated by the non-crystalline silicon layer is extracted as an electrical signal, due to efficient junction strength between the non-crystalline silicon layer and the polycrystalline silicon layer. Polycrystalline silicon layer has a higher mobility characteristics and improved diffusion coefficient. Offers improved drift velocity as soon as photo carrier reached channel. Since depletion layer formed on the drain area, also extends over the non-crystalline silicon layer, generated photo carriers can be quickly collected by the channel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - This shows the structure of the optical sensor. (1001) Substrate; (1002) Gate electrode; (1003) Gate insulating film; (1004) Polycrystalline silicon layer; (1005) Channel formation area; (1006) Drain area; (1007) Source area; (1008) Non-crystalline silicon layer.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (2) has a terminal box (3) from which electric power extracting output cords (4a,4b) are extended. A thermal fuse (5) is connected to one of the output cord, which fuses at high temperature and disconnects the output cord from the terminal box.    USE -   For solar power generation system in residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Electric shock by touching output cord is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows plan view of solar battery module. (2) Solar battery; (3) Terminal box; (4a,4b) Electric power extracting output cord; (5) Thermal fuse.
NOVELTY - Several solar batteries (4) are arranged on a supporting plate (3) provided below a cover (13) containing condenser lens (6) corresponding to each solar battery. The support plate is moved in horizontal direction by a motor and in vertical direction by a coiled spring (15). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vertical and the respective horizontal movement of the supporting plate is performed and the supporting plate is brought near the focal position of condenser lens corresponding to each solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Due to the provision of cam follower, supporting plate is moved smoothly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical cross sectional view of condensing solar battery apparatus in which coil spring is installed. (3) Supporting plate; (4) Solar batteries; (6) Condenser lens; (13) Cover; (15) Coiled spring.
NOVELTY - A wear resistant protective film (1) formed on a support body (7) includes one of the compounds BN, SIB, SIC, SIN, BC, AIN, or B, diamond or carbon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The wear resistance BN protective film (1), an electrode (2), a photoelectric conversion layer (3), on another electrode (4) are a support body (7) are formed sequentially on a glass substrate. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of photoelectric transducer.    USE -   For image sensor, scanner, solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces manufacturing cost by fusing simple glass substrate. Excels in durability by film. Preventing abrasion of light receiving surface, by protection film. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of photo electric conversion apparatus (1) Protective film; (2) Electrode; (3) Photoelectric conversion layer; (4) Electrode; (7) Support body.
NOVELTY - An N-type diffusion layer (1C) is formed by diffusing the n-type impurity in the P silicon layer (1a) from the lower electrode (6) by heating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogen ion implementation is carried out for depth of 5-10 micrometer to the roughened surface of the P-type single crystal silicon board (1). A lower electrode (6) is formed on the substrate (4) through the insulating layer (5). The surface of the silicon board is bonded on the surface of the lower electrode layer. The voids are formed by heat treating the silicon board. The silicon board is disconnected along the voids after heat treatment. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for thin film solar battery.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables formation of solar battery with rough n-type diffusion layer. Improves photoelectric conversion efficiency by using projected light effectively. Reduces cost by preventing waste of semiconductor crystal. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view showing manufacturing method of solar battery. (1) P- type single crystal silicon board; (4) Substrate; (6) Lower electrode; (1C) N-type diffusion layer.
NOVELTY - A resistor is serially connected between a solar battery (11) and a diode (15), to form a closed loop. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solar battery operating method.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Measures cheaply the maximum output of the solar battery and offers an operating method which makes the solar battery operate to the maximum appearance power point. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of output measuring apparatus. (11) Solar battery; (15) Diode.
NOVELTY - Metal electrodes (2a,2b) are provided on both sides of an insulated substrate (1). Above the metal electrode layer (2a) is a laminated layer of amorphous silicon electricity generating layer (3) above which is a transparent electrode layer (4). On the transparent electrode layer is a thin oxide film of SiO or SiO2 (5) of refractive index lower than the transparent electrode layer.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - The transparent electrode layer is made up of indium oxide with tin (ITO) or zinc (IZO) and indium oxide, stannic oxide and zinc oxide.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The thickness of transparent electrode layer decides the utilization efficiency of incident light. Hence efficiency not reduced much and the colour is varied by varying the thickness of the transparent electrode layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - This diagram shows various layers of an amorphous silicon solar battery. (1) Insulated substrate; (2a,2b) Metal electrodes; (3) Amorphous silicon electricity generating layer; (4) Transparent electrode layer; (5) SiO or SiO2.
NOVELTY - A comparator compares the position of the light receiving spots on a CCD camera (16) before and after movement of the camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A CCD camera (16) receives the laser light emitted from a laser radar (12). A movement mechanism moves the camera in the direction of an optical axis which functions as the target. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for radar optical-axis adjusting method.    USE -   In vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Gap of optical axis of laser radar is measured and adjusted easily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the structure of radar optical axis measurement apparatus. (12) Laser radar; (16) CCD camera.
NOVELTY - Dark line position of light receiving surface is calculated by a calculator (8) from the difference between two integral photoelectric values of photoelectric current caused by light beam. The angle of total reflection attenuation is determined from the dark line position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The light receiving surface extends in the direction of the breadth of the beam component of light beam extended by an optical detector. The beam performs total reflection from the boundary of the light receiving surface. A pair of electrodes (21,22) are provided at ends of the light receiving surface where the light beam is incident between the electrodes.    USE -   For surface plasmon sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers optical detector of high speed and high sensitivity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of optical detector. (8) Calculator; (21,22) Electrodes.
NOVELTY - The system includes vertical rails (40) secured to the roof (2) having a stepped shoulder section (44) on two opposite sides for support of framed solar panels (12), and a trough section (47) for drainage of rainwater. Adjacent pairs of framed solar panels are secured to a vertical rail with a clamp having a top cover (50) bolted to an anchor plate (53). Horizontal rails (60) have hooks (62) for further support of framed panels.    USE - For mounting of solar panel arrays on roofs.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents rainwater leakage. Provides ventilation for cooling panels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows constructional detail of vertical rail and framed solar panels.    framed solar panels, (12)    solar panel frame, (20)    vertical rail, (40)    stepped shoulders, (44)    trough section, (47)    top cover, (50)    anchor plate, (53)    bolt. (54)
NOVELTY - The solar roof tile (1) has a dished recess (4) in its visible surface for reception of a solar cell plate and at least one opening (8) at the base of the recess, for securing the solar cell plate via elastic deformation of a spring elastic fixing plug at the rear of solar cell plate. The fixing plug may have an enlarged end for locating against the peripheral edge at the rear the opening.    USE - For generating electrical energy from incident solar radiation.    ADVANTAGE - The solar roof tile is easily fitted with a solar cell module without altering its shape or size.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the visible front face of the solar roof tile.    Solar roof tile (1)    Dished recess (4)    Opening at base of recess (8)
NOVELTY - The roof tile has photovoltaic cells secured to tiles by plug-in or clamping connections. The circuit is completed by coupling lines also embedded in the clear material, using plug connections. The main coupling is carried out by ridge strips coupled to each roof tiles row. The plug sockets are slidably located in the front and rear ridge strips to compensate for different roof battens.    USE - For Photovoltaic, ecological current generation.    ADVANTAGE - Rapid and simple, low-cost assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an example of front view of the solar roof tile.
NOVELTY - The facade includes, between the window or thermally insulating faces of the facade, horizontally fitted diffusely reflecting surfaces as cladding of the thermally insulating material such that in summer they shade the insulation, and during the heating period they conduct the sun rays into the rooms or concentrate them onto the insulation. The rear ventilation between the cladding and insulation is used for hot air collection.    USE - For automatic air conditioning using solar facade.    ADVANTAGE - Summer noon shading, heat insulation, and concentration of sun radiation during heating period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DRAWING DESCRIPTION - Vertical section of simple design without rear ventilation.
NOVELTY - Designed as foil module and has control element integrated with it, the latter having controllable shunt transistor and control unit.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Gets by without wiring between the solar generator and the control element, demands minimal installation space and faulty connections between the generator and control element are eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar module has a solar generator (10) constructed from a solar cell (12) for supplying an accumulator (24) and a control element (14) wired in between generator and accumulator to protect the latter from overcharging. The solar module is designed as a foil module and the control element is integrated in it. The control element has a controllable semiconducting element (shunt transistor 20) wired in as a shunt parallel to the solar generator as well as a control unit (22) to control the shunt-semiconducting element. The control unit is designed for continuous determination of the accumulator voltage and makes the semiconducting element conducting when the determined voltage exceeds a first specified reference value, but blocks when a second specified reference value is not exceeded.
NOVELTY - A reflective mirror (2) that is arranged in the innerside of a stainless steel frame (1), is formed with holes (5). A lamp (3) is provided in the innerside of a solar battery (4) which is arranged inside the holes with a protective silicon oxide film on outer side.    USE -   For motor vehicle, watercraft.    ADVANTAGE -   There is no release of nitrous oxide from the engine, so no pollution to atmospheric air. Failure of prime mover is decreased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows 3D view of the solar panel. (1) Stainless steel frame; (2) Reflective mirror; (3) Lamp; (4) Solar battery; (5) Holes.
NOVELTY - The corrosion resistant material contains 18 wt% or more of Cr, 0.5 wt% or more of Mo, 0.01 wt% or less of S, 0.04 wt% or less of C and 4 wt% or less of Ni.    USE -   For hydroelectric plants using highly corrosive sea water, acidic river water.    ADVANTAGE -   A highly anti-corrosive alloy is obtained. Life span and conductivity of hydroelectric plant is increased.
NOVELTY - A controlling circuit (5) supplies a corresponding gate voltage to the charging and discharging thyristors at desired intervals and controls the actuation of each thyristor. The circuit also controls the charging voltage applied to the capacitor and the charging and discharging interval of the capacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transformer (TR1) boosts the voltage output by an AC power source (E1). A full-wave rectification of the boosted output voltage is then performed by a full-wave rectifier circuit (D1) which is connected to the secondary side of the transformer. A charging thyristor (SCR1) arranged at the latter portion of the rectifier circuit either turns the resulting gate voltage ON or OFF. The electric power output by the charging thyristor is temporarily stored into a capacitor (C1). A discharging thyristor (SCR2) either allows or prevents the discharge of the stored electric power. Electrodes connected to the output side of the discharging thyristor are submerged under water, near the hydraulic power intake or exhaust ports of the power plant.    USE -   For preventing approach of fishes near intake portion of hydroelectric power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Voltage impressed between underwater electrodes as well as charging voltage supplied to capacitor can be adjusted arbitrarily. Discharge time can be adjusted by altering resistance value of dummy resistor installed in parallel to discharging thyristor. Application of voltage can be stopped when presence of humans or other animals near underwater electrodes using electric shock protective circuit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the DC pulse generator installed near the intake portion of a hydroelectric power plant. (5) Controlling circuit; (C1) Capacitor; (D1) Full-wave rectifier circuit; (E1) AC power source; (SCR1) Charging thyristor; (SCR2) Discharging thyristor; (TR1) Transformer.
NOVELTY - A solar battery apparatus is incorporated in the space (7) formed by a spacer (8), between the glass plates. A terminal box (4) is attached in the circumferential part of the glass (1) using a sealing agent. The output of the solar battery apparatus is guided to the terminal box through a lead wire (21).    USE -   For use in windows, doors.    ADVANTAGE -   Tensile strength and insulation of the lead wire is enhanced. The connection between solar battery apparatus and power cable is reliable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the front elevation showing the attachment of terminal box and multiple glass. (1) Glass; (4) Terminal box; (7) Space; (8) Spacer; (21) Lead wire.
NOVELTY - The solar system includes solar pumps for transporting heat carrying liquid for thermal solar units. The pumps (4) are driven by solar-electric power to achieve power control and automatic on-off switching of the solar pumps in accordance with the amount of radiation available.    USE - For water heating and solar-assisted heating systems.    ADVANTAGE - Environmentally friendly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the solar heating system.    solar pump (4)
NOVELTY - The unit provides a self contained private, unobtrusive, wireless alert unit which adheres to a localized body location (46a and 46b) and signals the user (48) periodically to exercise or flex an adjacent muscle group. Can be worn completely beneath person's outer clothing and remain invisible to the public. Alerts user at different times to exercise different local muscle groups.    USE - For providing a unit of physical fitness training with independent devices affixed to selected body parts for privately and discretely signaling to user at predetermined intervals to flex or contract the muscles at the selected body part to improve or maintain muscle tone and strength.    ADVANTAGE - Enables user to maintain consistent flexing schedule even when preoccupied with events and occurrences that make up each day.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a user with two alert units fixed adjacent to two different body surfaces.    two localized body locations (46a and 46b)    user of alert unit (48)
NOVELTY - A stabilizing unit (9) consisting of a bracket (11) is connected to an indicator. The removable stabilizing unit is attached to the exercise machine. A flexible shaft (5) connects the indicator to a resistance adjustment unit.    USE - For setting arm resistance levels of ski exercise machines.    ADVANTAGE - Accurate setting of arm is achieved and repeated reliably through clear digital representation of the position of the resistance adjustment unit. The digital resistance indicator is operated easily and is easily attached to exercise machine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The resistance adjustment unit consisting of a rotatable hand wheel (7) is connected to the frictional resistance device (3) for varying the level of resistance force. A digital indicator (4) is coupled to the resistance adjustment unit for displaying the numerical value. The numerical value indicates the load applied to the frictional resistance device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents elevation view of the digital resistance indicator.    Frictional resistance device (3)    Digital indicator (4)    Flexible shaft (5)    Rotatable hand wheel (7)    Stabilizing unit (9)    Bracket (11)
NOVELTY - A pair of lifting units (90,92) for alternately lifting and lowering a pair of water tanks (110,112), are installed at a high elevation. The lifting units are coupled through gears (94,96) to respective generators (98,102) and motors or engines (100,104). A control unit does the selective control of water filling and change over control of generator and motors of each lifting units.    USE - For generating electricity in area where water source available in plenty at high elevation such as mountainous terrain.    ADVANTAGE - Enables energy generation using difference in elevation levels of constituent components of system. Provides means for explaining alternative energy source. Enables simultaneous transfer of water from high level to lower level.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - When one of the tanks filled with water is lowered the generator of that lifting unit is driven by the lowered weight and the other tank is lifted using the motor of the other lifting unit. The drive source of lifting units while lifting empty tank is derived from part of the energy produced by the respective generators or solar power or wind power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic drawing of electricity generation using elevation difference of constituent components of system.    Lifting units (90,92)    Gear units (94,96)    Generators (98,102)    Motors or engines (100,104)    Water tank (106)    Piping (108)    Water tanks (110,112)
NOVELTY - A frame (23) surrounds the perimeter of an electricity generation module (20). A feeder wire (35) is linked to the frame which is used as an antenna.    USE -   Is installed in roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Receives good electromagnetic wave. Utilizes solar battery as receiving antenna. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar power generation panel. (20) Electricity generation module; (23) Frame; (35) Feeder wire.
NOVELTY - A positioning control unit (81) adjusts the relative position of capacitor in electricity generation units (1A,1B) and a solar battery so that maximum output current is generated by the electricity generation modules. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The relative displacement of the capacitor is carried out by a drive motor. The output current of electricity generation modules is detected by a respective current detection resistors (51,52).    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids usage of position correction detection lens since relative position of capacitor is adjusted by position control unit for maximum current output. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of capacitor usage type solar battery apparatus. (1A,1B) Electricity generation units; (81) Positioning control unit; (51,52) Current detection resistors.
NOVELTY - A wavelength selection reflection transmission film (8) which allows shorter wavelength than predetermined value is arranged on interior of parabolic shaped light collector (10). A thermoelectric element (2) with a heat exchanger (3B) for cooling is arranged opposite to the solar battery.    USE -   For solar power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves utilization efficiency of solar battery since thermoelectric element is cooled by heat exchanger. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows systematic diagram of power plant to collector. (2) Thermoelectric element; (3B) Heat exchanger; (8) Wavelength selection reflection transmission film; (10) Light collector.
NOVELTY - The solar panel has a pair of glass plates (2a,2b). A solar battery cell (4) is attached to the internal surface of the glass plate (2b), using an adhesive tape (3). The periphery of the glass plates (2a,2b) is sealed by a sealing material (7) and inert gas such as nitrogen, argon or acrylic resin is filled into the hollow portion between the two glass plates as a filler (5).    USE - Installed in outer wall of residential building, arcade.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates usage of large sized laminator, since the large sized solar panel is made using filler and hence manufacturing cost is reduced. Is attached with barrier walls of a building thereby enabling effective utilization of space. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional view of a double sided glass sandwich type solar panel. (2a,2b) Glass plate; (3) Adhesive tape; (4) Solar battery; (5) Filler; (7) Sealing material.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (10) includes a solar battery layer (10b) formed on a substrate (10a). The solar battery layer is surrounded by a set of sealing layers (12) with heat resistance property. The sealing layer is formed between the substrate and the base materials (11).    USE -   Installed in roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   A good fire-proof, fire retardancy and damp- proof property of solar battery module are offered and also enhances good refractoriness. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-section of solar battery module. (10) Solar battery; (10a) Substrate; (10b) Solar battery layer; (11) Base materials; (12) Sealing layers.
NOVELTY - The device (A) has a transparent outer layer (B) with a semicircular hollow portion extending from one end to the other end. Solar-battery modules (C) are sequentially arranged inside the hollow portion. Male and female coupling type connectors are provided on both end faces.    USE -   Is installed in buildings for heating water air using solar energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Collection of heat and electricity generation is performed easily. Conveyance, installation, construction and maintenance is performed easily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a explanatory drawing representing solar heat utilization device. (A) Device; (B) Transparent outer layer; (C) Solar-battery modules.
NOVELTY - The temperature and the release voltage of a solar battery (10) are measured. The release voltage of the solar battery is computed in predetermined standard condition. Thus, the quality of the solar battery is judged based on the measurement result.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Judges quality easily and offers judgment even in established solar battery. Large scale measuring apparatus is unnecessary. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of solar battery. (10) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - The pixels of the video signal are divided into small blocks. For every block, maximum value of the video signal is detected. The detected values are compared with set threshold values and based on the comparison result, defective pixels is detected.    USE -   For solid state image pick-up apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Defective pixel is detected quickly by reducing detecting time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the functional blocks of the image pick-up apparatus.
NOVELTY - Anodes (1a,1b) and cathodes (1c,1d) of the solar battery are electrically connected to gate electrodes (2a,3a) and source electrodes (2b,3b) of LDMOSFET, respectively through bonding wire (6). Drain electrodes (2c,3c) of LDMOSFET are electrically connected to output terminal frames (7a,7b). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A light emitting element emits light with respect to the input side signal, which is received by a light receiving element which generates corresponding photo electromotive force. An output switching element performs ON or OFF operation of LDMOSFET with respect to the generated electromotive force. An SOI structure of LDMOSFET is used as the output switching element. A solar battery (1) containing light receiving element is arranged on GND terminal frame (4) which is accommodated in a resin package (8). LDMOSFETs (2,3) are arranged on floating frames (5a,5b) of the resin package.    USE -   For switching operation of MOSFET.    ADVANTAGE -   The increase in capacity between output terminals during relay-off is not caused. Prevents generation of parasitic capacitance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic plan view of photo MOS relay structure. (1) Solar battery; (1a,1b) Anodes; (1c,1d) Cathodes; (2,3) LDMOSFETs; (2a,3a) Gate electrodes; (2b,3b) Source electrodes; (2c,3c) Drain electrodes; (4) GND terminal frame; (5a,5b) Floating frames; (6) Bonding wire; (7a,7b) Output terminal frames; (8) Resin package.
NOVELTY - Gate electrodes (2a,3a) and source electrodes (2b,3b) of LDMOSFETs (2,3) are electrically connected with the wirings (5,6) using a bump (10), respectively. Drain electrodes (2c,3c) of LDMOSFET (2,3) are electrically connected to wiring (7,8) using bump, respectively. Anode (1a) and cathode of solar battery are electrically connected to wirings (5,6) using bonding wire (9). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar battery generates photo- electromotive force with respect to light signal from the light emitting element. The LDMOSFET performs ON/OFF operation in response to the photo-electromotive force of solar battery.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids increase in capacitance between output terminals during relay-off. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram depicts schematic plan view showing mounting condition of photo-MOS relay using LD MOSFET. (1a) Anode; (2,3) LDMOSFETs; (2a,3a) Gate electrode; (2b,3b) Source electrode; (2c,3c) Drain electrode; (5-8) Wirings; (9) Bonding wire.
NOVELTY - Anodes (1a,1b) and cathodes (1c,1d) of solar battery are connected with gate electrodes (2a,3a) and source electrodes (2b,3b) of LDMOSFET, through bonding wire (5), respectively. The drain electrodes (2c,3c) of the LDMOSFET, are connected with an output terminal frame (6a,6b). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A light receiving element generates photo electromotive force with respect to the received light signal from the light emitting element which emits light signal corresponding to the input side signal. An output switching element performs ON or OFF operation of LDMOSFET, according to the generated electromotive force of light receiving element. An SOI structure of LDMOSFET, is used as the output switching element. A floating frame (4) accommodated in a resin package (7), consists of an LMOSFET (2,3) containing solar battery and SOI structure and a light receiving element.    USE -   For switching operation of MOSFET.    ADVANTAGE -   The increase in capacity between output terminals during relay-off is not caused. Parasitic capacitance does not occur due to support substrate. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic plan view of mounting condition of photo MOS relay. (1a,1b) Anodes; (1c,1d) Cathodes; (2,3) LDMOSFETs; (2a,3a) Gate electrodes; (2b,3b) Source electrodes; (2c,3c) Drain electrodes; (4) Floating frame; (5) Bonding wire; (6a,6b) Output terminal frames; (7) Resin package.
NOVELTY - The Fresnel lenses for condensing (6) are arranged on a flat surface. A solar battery (5) is set on the focus of every Fresnel lens. The Fresnel lens is in a square or hexagonal form.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases condensing efficiency by arranging Fresnel lenses on flat surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial plan view of the condensing type solar battery apparatus. (5) Solar battery; (6) Fresnel lenses for condensing.
NOVELTY - The angle regulatory mechanism (2) has a shaft inserted into a shaft hole of the electric equipment main body (1). A spring included between solar battery (3) and electrical equipment applies spring force between them, thereby generating frictional force. Using the frictional force, the battery is set in required arbitrary position.    USE -   For regulating installation position of solar battery in electrical equipment.    ADVANTAGE -   Positions battery at effective angle to utilize optimal solar energy and improves efficiency of solar battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows regulatory mechanism of solar energy based electrical equipment. (1) Electrical equipment main body; (2) Angle regulatory mechanism; (3) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - A transparent electrically conductive electrode (2) is formed on a glass substrate (1). The electrode is partitioned mutually by a laser scribe and heat treated at temperature above 300 C in the presence of nitrogen atmosphere of 1000 ppm or less of oxygen density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor layer (3) and another electrode (4) are formed on the divided electrode to form multiple photoelectric cells which are connected in series electrically.    USE -   For consumer application equipment e.g. calculator.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves glass strength by performing micro- range depth partition using laser scribe hence sheet-resistance of electrode is improved. Photoelectric conversion efficiency and in-plane strength are improved by increasing width of integration of cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross sectional view of the solar battery. (1) Glass substrate; (2,4) Electrodes; (3) Semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - A connection hole (7) is formed in a sequentially layered photo electric conversion layer (3) and an electrode layer (4). The layer (4) is formed above a transparent insulated substrate (1) through an electrode layer (2).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New electrode layer (5) is formed in the connection hole and on the electrode layer (4). A laser beam (72) is irradiated on the electrode layer (5) to promote connection with the electrode layer (2).    USE -   For solar batteries used in consumer application, e.g. for calculator power supply unit.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents raise in series resistance in the connection of electrode layers. Crystallizes boundary of hole, by irradiating with laser beam.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross- sectional view of thin film solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2,4,5) Electrode layers; (3) Photoelectric conversion layer; (7) Opening.
NOVELTY - The sheet-like solar battery (7) is bonded to the base material (6). Then, the whole unit is fixed on the building surface (2). During storage or transport, the whole base material along with battery is wound inwards so as to form a roll.    USE -   For attaching solar-battery on buildings e.g. roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Is flexible so it can be rolled, thereby makes conveyance and storage easy. Protects solar-battery from external damage during transportation. Several strips can be coupled widthwise, thereby provides battery module of desired sizes. Since a roll is formed, raising the battery roll to the desired altitude in a building is easy. Since solar battery is covered by base sheet, unnecessary electricity generation is prevented. Since base sheet acts as a protective cover, as exclusive cover structure is not required. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial perspective view of solar-battery attached to flexible sheet on building. (2) Building surface; (6) Base material(7) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - A fluorine group organic material (22a-22c) is coated on selected portions on a base (21). A vacuum thin film is deposited on the exposed surface of the base material. The thin film deposited on the coated film is removed using low molecular fluorine group organic solvent. The patterning of the deposited film (23) on the base is done.    USE -   For thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need for chemical etching laser patterning thereby reducing capital investment and manufacturing cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of thin film solar battery cell pattern. (21) Base; (22a- 22c) Organic material; (23) Film.
NOVELTY - A silicate glass substrate (21) is accommodated inside an airtight container provided with reducing agent. A vacuum UV ray of wavelength of less than 130 nm from a light source (2) is condensed and irradiated on the substrate surface.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Promotes silicon film generation due to reducing agent and irradiation by condensed vacuum UV ray. Si film is generated efficiently using simple process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows vacuum UV ray irradiation apparatus used in silicon film manufacture. (1) Reaction container; (2) Vacuum UV light source; (21) Silicate glass substrate.
NOVELTY - A Inx X1-x -MgX compound or Gax X1-x-MgX compound semiconductor thin film, where X is chosen from S, Se and Te, is formed between a semiconductor layer and a chalcopyrite structured transparent electrode layer of the solar battery, by sequentially depositing In or Ga, Mg and X.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of semiconductor thin film.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Maintains optical collection efficiency. Increases industrial merit.
NOVELTY - The front and rear surfaces of a base material (1), is provided with flexible solar battery (10) and photocatalyst layer (5). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for roll type screen apparatus to wind and store battery sheet.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Generates electricity efficiently as solar battery is provided on both sides of base material. Enables electromotive effect and decomposition effect of contaminant by using battery and photocatalyst. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a front elevation of solar battery sheet. (1) Base material; (5) Photocatalyst layer; (10) Flexible solar battery.
NOVELTY - A substrate is first treated with hydrogen, and then with raw material gas diluted to desired concentration for forming a polycrystalline Si thin film. The raw material gas comprises either of the compounds such as silicon hydride, silicon halide or a mixture of silicon, hydrogen and halogen element.    USE -   For solar battery and TFT.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves polycrystalline Si thin film forming efficiency by adding hydrogen to oxide layer of substrate for performing reduction process. Degradation in electrical property is reduced by making thin film free from impurity elements.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram in which the crystalline and amorphous silicon structures are depicted.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical plastic case (10) with a cover (30), has a circuit board (3) which controls a battery (2). LEDs (17) are radially arranged above a substrate (15) and convex lenses (11) are arranged along its internal circumference. A solar battery (32) charges the battery (2) and the LEDs are illuminated, based on operation control from circuit board.    USE -   For work site, motor vehicle e.g. patrol vehicle and also for road sign, alarm lamp.    ADVANTAGE -   Since convex lens is used, long distance application is achieved. Power supply is unnecessary as solar battery is used for charging. Assembly fixation is made strong using bolts. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents cross sectional side view of the emergency flash lamp. (2) Storage battery; (3) Circuit board; (10) Case; (11) Convex lens; (15) Substrate; (17) Light emitting diodes; (30) Cover; (32) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - The photodiode (fig 11) senses only the second wavelength in optical communication systems containing two signals of different wavelengths. The diode has a filter layer with a band gap wavelength satisfying a given inequality for annihilating the first wavelength. For vanishing signal tails a peripheral pn junction is formed around the central pn junction, and n electrode is mounted on both the peripheral p and n regions.    USE - For providing a photodiode as a light receiving device and a photodiode module combining a photodiode and a light emitting device for bilateral or unilateral optical communication of information between a base station and several subscribers by transmitting two light signals.    ADVANTAGE - Photodiode module has fewer parts than existing photodiode modules and costs less to produce, is small in size and is suitable for long distance communication.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a photodiode chip.
NOVELTY - The infra red receiver module used in a computer mouse has a frame (10) of transparent material and into this is set a photo cell (11) with connecting pins projecting (12) from the base. Recesses are formed (13) in the body for light reception . The sides of the grooves are coated with a light blocking material (16) and this prevents interference of light between adjacent units.    USE - For computer mouse.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced cost. Eliminates signal interference.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Frame (10)    Photo cell (11)    Connecting pins (12)    Recesses (13)    Light blocking material (16)
NOVELTY - The system has a collimator (1), moving outside a hemispherical chamber (6) parallel to the symmetry axis (7). A sensor chip (9) is fitted on the axis near the center of curvature (0) with a convex lens (10) on its top face. A glass tube (14) with lightly etched inner walls is fitted over the sensor and its other opening is sealed by a parabolic mirror (15). The tube extends over most of the length of the axis in the chamber.    USE - For systems using infrared radiation for measuring or identifying of objects.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified manufacture ensures optimum reception of radiation emanating from short range field.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the system disposed around the symmetry axis.    Collimator. (1)    semi-spherical chamber (6)    symmetry axis (7)    Sensor (9)    PCB (13)    cylindrical glass tube (14)    parabolic mirror (15)
NOVELTY - The exercise support instrument counts the amount of repetitive exercises performed by the user and displays the results of the assessment of the exercises done with images (characters) of virtual creatures representing different assessment grades.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The instrument enables the user to enjoy physical exercises and perform a proper long-term management of exercises.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The instrument manages the days of practice from starting an exercise and makes the character evolve or grow as the days go on. It increases or reduces a life gauge representing the state of fitness according to whether a daily target is reached or not and changes the shape of the character to a healthy, fat or sick form according to the gauge. A mood meter controls the mood of the character according to the rate of target achievement on the previous day and changes the expression and action of the character.
NOVELTY - Dumbbell (10) has a cylindrical handle (12) with rubber or sponge ribs on its surface connected to base (20) of motor housing (14). At other end of handle, a battery with a removable cap or cord (30) for external power supply is fixed. A motor in the housing is attached to a fan on the handle side, and the shaft of the motor is connected to a rotatable disc with flange on its surface on the cover side.    USE - The motorized dumbbell creates additional tension to provide additional training for a desired muscle group.    ADVANTAGE - Provides extra resistance to the user by the rotation of disc. Simple and convenient to use as the motor is built-in. Cools the motor and the user during use, by the fan and flange. Provides firm grip on the handle because of rubber ribs. Reduces cost of manufacture because of simple construction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A skirt (22) and cover (18) are fixed over the base of motor housing. The base and skirt are provided with radial and circumferential slots (24,26). The motor is attached with rotatable disc in weight portion for providing gyroscopic forces during exercising.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front perspective view of the dumbbell with an electric cord.    Dumbbell (10)    Cylindrical handle (12)    Motor housing (14)    Cover (18)    Base (20)    Skirt (22)    Circumferential slots (24,26)    Cord (30)
NOVELTY - The compressed air is carried to an air engine (34) through an exhaust pipe (32). The air engine expands compressed air converting the potential energy into a rotary mechanical energy driving a generator (36) producing electricity.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies structure for economical and easy usage by circulating water to compress air constantly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A tank (12) is filled with water to a predetermined level. Both ends of a circulating pipe (16) is connected to the tank positioning below the water level. A water pump (18) driven by a motor (20) circulates the tank water through the pipe. An air pump (28) driven by a motor (30) supplies air to the tank, through an air pipe connected to the pipe (24), by mixing with the circulating water. The supplied air is stored inside the tank above the water level and is compressed by the continuous air supply and water circulation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram illustrating electricity generator.    Water tank (12)    Circulating pipe (16)    Water pump (18)    Motors (20,30)    Air supply pipe (24)    Air pump (28)    Exhaust pipe (32)    Air engine (34)    Generator (36)
NOVELTY - A protection liner (72), made of a material having higher antiwear properties than main body of a runner vane (71), is attached to the periphery of main body at the location where earth and sand abrasion is caused.    USE -   For propeller water turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   Repair work of propeller water turbine is made simple. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows sectional view of runner vane of turbine. (71) Main body of runner vane; (72) Protection liner.
NOVELTY - Connecting terminals (13A,13B) are provided corresponding to a wiring duct and solar battery modules (10). The battery modules are connected through the terminals.    USE -   For solar battery modules installed in roof of buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates complicated external wirings and thus reduces construction time. Permeation of water is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the connection terminal structure for solar battery module. (10) Solar battery module; (13A,13B) Connection terminals.
NOVELTY - A secondary battery (5A) in electric vehicle (5) is connected between a solar power generator (10) and a power distribution board (3). Electric power generated by solar battery (11) is stored in secondary battery and is then transmitted to electric equipment.    USE -   For electrical equipments.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases demand factor of secondary battery as generated electric power is consumed by electric vehicle. Facilitates conversion to fuel for motor vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of the principal part of solar power generating module. (3) Power distribution board; (5) Electric vehicle; (5A) Secondary battery; (10) Solar power generator; (11) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - The internal wiring (3) of a solar battery module (M) is maintained between flexible protection films (4). The internal wiring is connected to an electrode formed on a flexible substrate. A conductive terminal (6) is connected to a core line of an external lead. The conductive terminal is electrically connected with the internal wiring through an eyelet rivet (7). The eyelet rivet is fixed on the solar battery module, comprising an opto electric transducer on the substrate.    USE -   For flexible solar battery module installed in roof of residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Maintains reliable electric connection between internal wire and external lead by using washer in rivet. Simplifies solar battery module installation work. Eases solar battery module conveyance and external lead connection process. Improves rigidity of external lead connection using reinforcement cover. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram of solar battery module. (3) Internal wire; (4) Protection film; (6) Conductive terminal; (7) Eyelet rivet.
NOVELTY - The terminal box (1) has a hole (9), through which an external output line (2) passes and a hole (8) which receives internal lead wire (3). The external output line and the internal lead are connected via a relay terminal (4), which in turn is connected to relay terminal support body (5).    USE -   For solar-battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces number of parts, thereby simplifies structure and reduces cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of terminal box. (1) Terminal box; (2) Output line; (3) Internal lead wire; (4) Relay terminal; (5) Support body; (8,9) Holes.
NOVELTY - The module has a solar panel (2) comprising a polycrystal semiconductor element (10) provided on a substrate (9). A frame (3) is fixed to the outer edge of the solar panel. An air-permeable type sealant (5) seals the rear side of a releasing part of the frame. A space (6) is formed on the rear side by positioning the sealant, suitably.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents corrosion of solar battery module. Humidity inside solar battery module is adjusted. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery module viewed from the rear side. (2) Solar panel; (3) Frame; (5) Sealing member; (6) Space; (9) Substrate; (10) Semiconductor element.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (1) includes an insulated substrate (2), a transparent board (3) and a cell string (4). The cell string is formed by connecting several solar battery cells (41) through wiring. Bonding sheets (5,6) are polymerized on both sides of the cell string. Lead wires (7) enclosed in grooves (62) are pulled out and are connected with the cell string. The cell string is then bonded and sealed between the insulated substrate and the transparent board tightly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for manufacturing method of bonding sheet is also provided.    USE -   In solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies wiring of solar battery cell and lead wire. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram represents an exploded view of a solar battery module. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Insulated substrate; (3) Transparent board; (4) Cell string; (5,6) Bonding sheets; (7) Lead wires; (41) Solar battery cells; (62) Grooves.
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive film (3) is formed over a silicon substrate (1). A semiconductor device chip (2) is mounted on the substrate. A solar battery (5) which supplies power to the chip, is mounted on the reverse side of substrate.    USE -   For electronic device package.    ADVANTAGE -   Preserves electric power feeder ability, since thermal coefficient of silicon substrates is set according to semiconductor chip. Attains size and weight reduction by the formation of low capacitance of power supply battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents the schematic perspective view of chip mounting structure of semiconductor device package. (1) Silicon substrate; (2) Semiconductor device chip; (3) Electrically conductive film; (5) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - A coloring layer (21), consisting of badge (2) of advertisement pattern or text is laminated on the light receiving surface of the solar battery module (1), so that the sunlight is transmitted to the solar module through the coloring layer.    USE -   For installation of buildings, roofs, for the advertisement of the companies and their products, traffic signs, doorplates.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers simultaneous achievement of advertisement and charging of solar battery module. Improves advertisement effect of sign board. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional view of sign board. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Badge; (21) Coloring layer.
NOVELTY - A plate-shaped display unit (11) and a light emission unit (40) are mutually and oppositely arranged. A solar battery (30) is arranged over the light emission unit which illuminates a transparent touch panel (20). The transparent touch panel performs parallel establishment of touch operating unit and display area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for display device manufacturing method.    USE -   For electronic wrist watch, electronic notebook, personal computer (PC).    ADVANTAGE -   The transparent touch panel is illuminated by light emission unit even in darkness. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents a vertical section side view of electronic wrist watch. (11) Plate-shaped display unit; (20) Transparent touch panel; (30) Solar battery; (40) Light emission unit.
NOVELTY - An optoelectronic sensor comprises at least one semiconductor, light beam emitting sender and/or receiver, as well as analyzing circuitry integrated on a conductor plate. The semiconductor is located on a plate (6) along with a plate (8) with bore holes (9,10) in it. At least part of the semiconductor surface is located over the lower edge, and the light beams are reflected on the bore hole walls.    USE - The arrangement is used as an optoelectronic sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The sensor is simple to assemble.
NOVELTY - A gas spring (50) is attached at one end to an upright support and at the other end to a track bed (10). The gas spring provides an upward force to assist the user in rotating the track bed between an operating position and a storage position where the rear end of the treadmill is positioned towards the support.    USE - Is used as exercising machine.    ADVANTAGE - Offers improved design of treadmill that allows track bed to be folded to upright position when not in use. Reduces effective weight of track bed that allows person to easily lift track bed to folded position with minimal effort.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A latch (60) attached to a rod, which extends from the track bed and is attached to the gas spring. An incline motor attached to middle portion of a frame retracts or extends a motor tube thereby rotating an incline bracket to lower or raise the set of wheels connected to the ends of bracket. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of operating a foldable treadmill.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of treadmill.    Gas spring (50)    Track bed (10)    Latch (60)
NOVELTY - Multiple vertical rails (4) are mutually arranged in parallel in the down direction on the building roof. Parallel horizontal rails (5) are arranged perpendicular to the vertical rails. The vertical and horizontal rails are fastened to the roof through a bolt. Several fittings (7) are arranged on the vertical rail and are fastened by fixing a bolt in the through-hole formed in the rail. A C-shaped groove holds a nut which is screwed to the bolt in a longitudinal direction of the vertical rail.    USE -   For installing solar battery modules on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases workability of frame and simplifies adjustment of arrangement portion and inclination of vertical rail. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view showing the frame of the solar battery module. (4) Vertical rails; (5) Horizontal rails; (7) Fittings.
NOVELTY - A solar battery having a peripheral frame (3) is installed on a building roof. The length of the frame is 1.5-2.5 and ratio of length and breadth of frame is 2:1. The color difference of solar battery section and peripheral frame, measured using a color difference meter is 8 or less. The frame is attached to selected sides of periphery of solar battery section. The solar battery section has a silicon barrier layer.    USE -   Installed in building roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides peripheral frame to cover solar battery module, and thus maintaining beautiful view of roof. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows colonial type solar battery module. (3) Peripheral frame.
NOVELTY - A PV-module (17) for solar power generation is mounted on a PV rail (4). The frames which carry the module is attached to the PV rail via a screw (19). A press unit (16) is applied with the upper portions of legs (7,8) and lower portion of sealing unit (18).    USE -   For solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables simultaneous wearing of sealing unit. Improves operativity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents the sectional view of module attachment structure. (1) PV module; (4) PV rail; (7,8) Legs; (16) Common press unit; (18) Sealing unit; (19) Screw.
NOVELTY - A pair of cross pieces which have different cross sectional shape are arranged in the right and left edges along the longitudinal direction of a solar panel (6). The cross pieces are arranged in a predefined manner such that a junction is formed between them.    USE -   For solar panel in roof of residential buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Enhances water-proof property of the roof. Offers higher endurance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the perspective view of construction of roof with solar panels. (6) Solar panel.
NOVELTY - The method involves reacting a metal alkoxide with a solution containing polymer compound which contains a carboxy group.    USE -   Used as photovoltaic material, photoconductive material and photocatalytic material, in solar battery, electronic devices.    ADVANTAGE -   The manufacture of the metal oxide fine particle aggregate can be easily processed for the element which can perform energy transformation efficiently. A simple and efficient manufacture is offered.
NOVELTY - The multilayered body consists of an electrically conducting film which is formed on the surface of a transparent base material. The carbon content of the film is represented as N0 atoms/cm3 and its carbon content after heat treatment for 6 hours at 120degC in atmospheric air is N1 atoms/cm3. The ratio of N1/N0 after heat treatment is 1.0. The transparent base material is composed of indium, tin and oxygen.    USE -   Used as transparent electrode in EL element, LCD device, transparent touch panel, optoelectric transducer such as solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Superconduction with very little surface variation is offered. It improves lifespan of the EL element containing the transparent electrode. Reliable electric devices such as touch panel, LCD objects, EC display device is offered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a graph representing the variation of carbon content of transparent conducting film.
NOVELTY - The optical force sensor (1) has a light emitting device (3), a light receiving device (4) and a body (2) forming a flexible passage between the light emitting and receiving devices. The passage wall contains material which allows light to reach the receiver from the emitter and when the tube is bent or deformed in response to application of force to the walls of the passage, the amount of light reaching the receiver from the light emitter is altered.    USE - For use as a rugby training aid worn e.g. in the shoulder pads of a player, particularly in scrummaging, where incorrect techniques can cause serious injury, for example, when a scrum collapses.    ADVANTAGE - The sensor system is inexpensive, lightweight and compact as compared to prior art systems using e.g. electronic pressure switches, magnetostrictive transducers, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In an INDEPENDENT CLAIM, a track of light conductive track of material is deposited to form a passage allowing light to reach the receiver from the emitter in amounts dependent on the degree of bending or deformation of the passage. In another INDEPENDENT CLAIM, at least a portion of the tube surface changes its electrical properties on bending or deformation of the tube, allowing the force exerted on the tube to be measured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Sensor (1)    Flexible passage (tube) (2)    Light emitter (3)    Light receiver (4)    Filling material (6)
A radiation detector responsive to impinging radiation comprises an intrinsic semiconductor layer coupled to a reference potential and capable of ionization from the impinging radiation to form freed charge carriers. A first doped region is formed within the intrinsic semiconductor layer and doped to a first conductivity type. A second doped region is formed within the first doped region and doped to a second conductivity type opposite the first conductivity type, wherein the junction between the second doped region and the first doped region defines a junction. A resistive layer is formed on top of the second doped region, and a conductive layer is formed on top of the resistive layer and coupled to a bias potential. Also claimed is a radiation detector array including a plurality of voxels, and an imaging system.    USE -   Improved radiation detector with self-limiting amplification properties, useful in nuclear medicine, science or industry for detecting radiation such as x-rays, gamma rays, electron beams, or neutron beams.    ADVANTAGE -   The solid state detector can be used to produce robust, simple and relatively inexpensive instruments with self-limiting amplification properties.
NOVELTY - A controller (12) regulates the output voltage of a converter (11) based on the electric power output from an inverter (13). The DC side of the inverter and the converter are connected to a battery (5). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each solar power generator (7) has an inverter (6) for converting the electric power of a solar battery (1) to AC electric power. The converter transforms the AC electric power of an AC distribution line (8) to DC electric power. The inverter (13) converts the DC electric power of the battery (5) to AC electric power. The AC sides of the two inverters are connected to the AC distribution line.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables distributed installation of solar battery corresponding to distributed load by connecting AC distribution line to inverters. Protects battery by fine load limitation. Simplifies control by reducing distance between circuit breaker and controller. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a solar power generating system. (1) solar battery; (5) battery; (6,13) inverter; (7) solar power generator; (8) AC distribution line; (11) converter; (12) controller.
NOVELTY - An amorphous silicon type thin film (40) is laminated on the surface of a semiconductor crystal (10). The film is laid parallel to the carrier induction layer (14) on the semiconductor crystal, which serve as current path for both source and drain respectively. An electrically conductive electrode (41) and a gate electrode (43) are formed on the amorphous silicon type thin film.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the overlapping of source, drain and gate is done through an insulating layer on the amorphous silicon film, the FET is capable of withstanding high breakdown voltage. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structural diagram of FET. (10) Semiconductor crystal; (40) Amorphous silicon type thin film.
NOVELTY - An electrode (12) extends outside the light receiving surface of a solar battery cell (10). A cooling pipe (28) containing coater is provided on the extended portion (15), to bring down the temperature of solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the entire solar battery is cooled uniformly, recombination loss is also minimized and the electricity generation efficiency of the cell is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery module. (10) Solar battery cell; (12) Electrode; (15) Extended portion; (28) Cooling pipe.
NOVELTY - The conductive implanting layer (2) for isolating the collector area of a PNP transistor is formed on the upper surface of the Si substrate. A P+ type implanting layer (3) functioning as the collector area is formed corresponding to the implanting layer (2) on Si substrate. An N-type epitaxial layer (4) is laminated on a Si substrate. Another P+ type implanting layer (6) functioning as collector area of PNP transistor, corresponding to implanting layer (2) is provided on upper surface of N-type epitaxial layer. Another epitaxial layer (7) is then laminated on epitaxial layer (4). The impurity concentration of both implanting layers varies by 10% or less. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM has been included for IC manufacturing method.    USE -   For photosensors used in opto-electric transducers.    ADVANTAGE -   The parasitic capacitance of implanting layer functioning as collected area is reduced, thereby offering bipolar transistor with high speed operation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of bipolar IC. (1) Si substrate; (2) N+ type implanting layer; (3,6) P+ type implanting layer; (4,7) N-type epitaxial layer.
NOVELTY - A fitting (3) is positioned opposite to an opening provided in the upper central portion of a frame (2). The inner side of the frame has protrusions (11) provided parallel to receiving surfaces (5) of the frame, and forms a guiding portion (10) between them, into which flanges (14) of the fitting are inserted. An incorrect insertion prevention structure (16) blocks the insertion of flanges other than in the guiding portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The other side of the fitting (13) is fastened to a restraining portion (24) via a screw. The base of a pair of panel structure is positioned on either rear sides of the C-shaped receiving surface of the frame and its upper surface fixed to the restraining portion.    USE -   For fixing solar panel used for power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves workability by avoiding incorrect insertion of the fittings. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates end view showing the fixing device of panel structure. (1) Panel structure; (2) Frame; (3) Fitting; (10) Guiding portion; (11) Protrusion; (13) Fitting; (14) Flange; (16) Incorrect insertion prevention structure; (24) Restraining portion.
NOVELTY - A rubber package (4) is attached to a tile (1) made of thick roof material. A solar battery (2) with a plug (5) is fixed with the rubber package. A tempered glass (3) cover the solar battery.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Blow-off of solar battery module by typhoon or strong wind is prevented by eliminating gap between tile and solar battery. Solar power is generated even in the eaves. Segmental interchange and repair of module is easily done. Solar power is generated at low cost and also improves outlook of buildings. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows perspective view of solar battery module embedded tile. (1) Tile; (2) Solar battery; (3) Tempered glass; (4) Rubber package; (5) Plug.
NOVELTY - A storage battery (45) is charged with electric power generated by a solar battery (20) and a wind power (10). the battery drives a pump (50) for predetermined time set by a timer (47). The pump discharges water from a tank (60) through hose (52) to the potted plants (1-3).    USE -   For watering potted plants.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids air pollution and environmental disruption. Enables installation in arbitrary places since it is resistive to wind and rain. Has high endurances. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of water supply apparatus. (1-3) Potted plants; (10) Wind power machine; (20) Solar battery; (45) Storage battery; (47) Timer; (50) Pump; (60) Tank; (52) Hose.
NOVELTY - Uses a switched reluctance motor (26) typically driving a moveable surface on which a user can exercise. A controller, responsive to sudden load changes on the moveable surface, controls the torque developed by the motor to maintain a desired motor speed.E.g. an exercise treadmill with support rail (12) has a smooth running platform (14) supporting a flexible belt (20) driven on rollers (16,18) by a switched reluctance motor (26) with switching circuit (30). The pinching effect as each foot meets the belt surface causes a slight speed reduction used in the control system (32).    USE -   Enables exercise e.g. walking, running, rowing, cycling in a confined space.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides an improved exercise apparatus without the use of a flywheel and which stops abruptly in emergency e.g. stumbling on a treadmill. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The schematic drawing shows a treadmill type exercise machine. (12) Support rail; (14) Platform; (16,18) Rollers; (20) Belt ; (26) Switched reluctance motor; (30) Switching circuit; (32) Control system.
NOVELTY - The networks consist of multiblock individual computers, central computers, board computers, satellite units, aerials, open and touch-protected, underfloor and overhead current and communication leads (3-11) with inner control point mark carriers (3-10).    Position and direction code track guides are deposited on track surface and identically on top of touch-protected current etc. leads as metallised, thin-film varnish and adhesive foils with integrated inductive lead strips. Self-supply energy sources include roof solar, segment solar, solar and wind-power installations and battery driven E-stops.    USE -   For car, etc. production transport and distribution lines.    ADVANTAGE -   Self-stopping system with minimum number of extra multi-block standard parts and integrated slide shelf units nad robot cells. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side section of touch-protected underfloor current and communication leads with entry-exit swivel units (3-11) Current, etc. leads; (3-10) Point mark carriers.
NOVELTY - The influences of positions of gates (36) on atleast one operating parameter of interest are determined. The levels of operating parameters are monitored during pumping mode of operation of the pump turbine. The desired gate position is selected to optimise atleast one parameter of interest based on the determined influences and monitored levels. The gates are positioned in desired gate position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for pump turbine power generator performance improving system.    USE -   For pump turbine power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows optimal wicket gate positions for pumping mode operation to be determined for actual operating equipment and during normal operation of facility. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows elevational view of pump turbine unit for optimizing its performance. (36) Gates.
The fluid flow reducing unit (14) comprises a necked down portion (24) between a turbine portion (12) leading to a compressor portion (16) in a turbine and compressor system (10). A peripheral channel increases in volume from the turbine portion to the necked-down portion. A fluid flow reducing unit comprises a mechanical gear reduction unit contained within the turbine portion and operatively connected to an impeller (48) of the compressor portion. The impeller has a diameter less than the diameter of the turbine portion.    The influent fluid having a predetermined flow and pressure can be reduced in flow and increased in pressure in the effluent fluid without the addition of energy to the turbine and compressor system by a mechanical advantage. The unit, when used in a motor and pump system, includes a motor element and a pump element each having a number of rotor blades, with the motor element and pump element chambers being interconnected by a fluid conduit. Fluid volume in the pump element varies inversely with fluid volume in the motor element by a mechanical advantage, resulting in reduced fluid flow and increased fluid pressure.    USE -   Fluid flow reducing system for use in rockets, gas    turbines, pump and motor systems, fire engine pumper water    lines, blood pressure systems, steam engines, hydroelectric dam or electric power generator driven by steam turbine, boats, ships, jet craft or automobiles etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Mechanical advantage is obtained by employing fluid flow reducer element to reduce fluid flow and increase effluent pressure.
NOVELTY - An n-type semiconductor layer (11) of the light emitting element (1) is adjoined to a p-type semiconductor layer (12) of the light receiving element (2) through grounded electrode pattern (3).    USE -   For optical communications.    ADVANTAGE -   Electric cross talk between light transmitting and receiving element is reduced thereby improving reception sensitively. Uneven light reflected in the light emitting element from light receiving element prevented thereby stabilizing oscillation condition. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram for explaining transceiving photo chip breaker IC. (1) Light emitting element; (2) Light receiving element; (3) Electrode pattern; (11) n-type semiconductor layer; (12) p-type semiconductor layer.
The optical sensor comprises an amplifying layer of photo-induction current or photo-induction charge, a charge generating layer, and a charge transporting layer, which are multilayered on an electrode layer in order. The optical sensor also comprises recording medium placed on the optical axis on the electrode layer as a counter part, in which information can be recorded by electric field or charge through impressing voltage in the condition that information ray is exposed between the two electrode layers, or through information ray is exposed in the condition that voltage is impressed. The amplifying layer of photo-induction current or photo-induction charge contains charge accepting substance which decreases its charge acceptability by exposure to ray; and charge transporting substance.    USE -   The optical sensor is used as the sensor which can record optical information in its information recording medium in form of visual information or electrostatic information.    ADVANTAGE -   The optical sensor, having improved higher sensitivity in information recording to the information recording medium, can be obtd.
NOVELTY - A conductive substrate (10) is coated with ester solution containing organic metal salts of I and III group elements such that Cu-In acetate solution film (40) is formed on the substrate. The substrate with film is then heat treated in an oxidising atmosphere to form Cu-In-O film (41). The substrate with oxide layer is further heat treated in reducing atmosphere containing VI group elements like sulphur to form Cu-In-S2 film (42). A CdS film and a transparent electrode film (44) are formed on Cu-In-S2 film, by sputtering. Au electrode terminal (50) is then formed on the transparent electrode film.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Solar battery with high transformation is manufactured at low cost. The pressure of oxygen in the film for burring the lattice defect of thin layer is achieved thereby attaining optimisation of carrier density.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of the structure of solar battery manufacture. (10) Conductive substrate ; (40) Cu-In acetate solution film ; (41) Cu- In-O film ; (42) Cu-In-S2 film ; (44) Transparent electrode film ; (50) Au electrode terminal.
NOVELTY - An adhesive agent (8) made of spin ON glass consisting of silicon oxide as main component is coated on a support substrate (6) by spin coat method at room temperature. The substrate is bonded to a base material (1) containing thin film semiconductor as main component, via the adhesive agent. Then, a portion of the base material, adhesive agent and the support substrate are peeled off from the base material by heating, followed by hardening.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Since thin film is easily peeled from base material with large particle diameter covering large area, an inexpensive solar battery with high efficiency is offered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the thin film solar battery. (1) Base material; (6) Support substrate; (8) Adhesive agent.
The prodn. comprises: (a) forming the reverse pattern of a desired pattern on a substrate; (b) depositing a desired material; (c) removing the resin reverse pattern by a resin dissolved soln.; (d) removing the deposited material on the resin reverse pattern; and (e) forming the desired pattern of the deposited material. Where, the resin forming the reverse pattern is formed in the order of a photosensitive base film, an interlayer, a photosensitive top film on the substrate. The photosensitive top film has dissolution with respect to an alkaline soln. lower than that of the photosensitive base film. The interlayer consists of a water-soluble resin.    Also claimed is that the equipment for producing the semiconductor device has at least three resin coating portions, and a mechanism for carrying a semiconductor wafer among the resin coating portions.    USE -   The method and the equipment are used in producing an integrated circuit, or a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The use of the interlayer mixes no base film with the top film. The result beautifully produces the interface of both the films to yield a lift off pattern for thick film.
NOVELTY - Several longitudinal members (2) are provided with transverse members (4) at their intermediate portion. The transverse member maintains longitudinal member at predefined space. A connector (10) couples longitudinal and transverse members rotatably. The connector has a coupler (11) mounted on the transverse member and a slanting member retainer (20) with the slanting member attachment portion (22) is mounted on the longitudinal member (2). The load by the tension of slanting member connected to the attachment portion (22) is transmitted through the longitudinal member a connector (10) to the transverse member.    USE -   For mounting solar battery module for spacecraft such as satellite.    ADVANTAGE -   The coupler is of simple and lightweight structure. Improves rigidity of entire structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the sectional view indicating the connector structure. (2) Longitudinal member; (4) Transverse member; (10) Connector; (11) Coupler; (20) Slanting member retainer; (22) Slanting member attachment portion.
NOVELTY - An upper flexible mounting section (1) covered by tile (11) of roof has a protection pipe (5) with lead wires (7) extended which penetrate the roof (10) and extend downward for indoor connection. A lower flexible mounting section (2) which projects between the tile covering the section (1) and a lower tile, has a terminal box (4) which is coupled to wirings (12) of solar panel. The indoor connection wiring and the terminal box are connected using separate wiring.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not require special waterproofing since indoor wiring which penetrates the roof is provided under the roof tile. Eliminates delay to roof construction since connector is fixed on the roof during roofing work itself. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fixed condition of connector on roof. (1,2) Upper and lower flexible mounting sections; (4) Terminal box; (5) Protection pipe; (7) Lead wires; (10) Lead wires; (11) Tile.
NOVELTY - A frame (3) arranged in the inclination direction and perpendicular direction on the roof material (6) attaches a solar battery on the roof. A leg (102) is fixed to a support which is individually arranged and supports the roof material. Several frame holders (1) arranged rotatably along longitudinal direction, hold the frame and is parallel to the inclined roof material.    USE -   For attaching solar battery onto roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies work thereby enhancing reliability and reduces labours involved. The solar battery is accurately attached on roof thereby ensures safety. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the explanatory drawing of the solar battery attachment apparatus. (1) Frame holders; (3) Frame; (6) Roof material; (102) Leg.
NOVELTY - The method involves joining a reed (55) of roof to the backside of a roof (51) by penetrating a number of support bolts (67B) through respective through-holes (55a,57a). The lower end of the bolts passes through a rafter material (59). A pair of roof supporting nuts (71A,71B) are screwed to the bolts through installation members (69A,69B). A reinforcement member (77) fixed to the bottom of the rafter material is bolted to the lower end of the bolt. A solar panel holder (81) that holds a solar panel (91) is fixed to the upper end of the holder bolts.    USE -   For support of solar panel installed over roofs of houses.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reliable installation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of support structure. (51) Roof; (55) Reed for roof; (55a,57a) Through-holes; (59) Rafter material; (67B) Support bolts; (69A,69B) Installation members; (71A,71B) Roof supporting nuts; (77) Reinforcement member; (81) Solar panel holder; (91) Solar panel.
NOVELTY - The structure has a frame (1) made of C section prismatic tube. A release fixture (3) is arranged in the top centre of the frame, with receiving surface (4) on both sides. Continuous rough flanges (7) are extended in the frame lower end in parallel direction to panel fixation direction perpendicular to vertical surfaces (5) of the frame.    USE -   For fixing solar panels for power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Fixture of panel is simplified and the strength of the frame is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the panel assembling structure. (1) Frame; (3) Release fixture; (4) Receiving surface; (5) Vertical surface; (7) Flanges.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (12) is provided on the surface of a cushioning layer (11a) of a base material (11). The circumferential portion of the cushioning layer is made of elastic adhesive agent, fire resistant adhesive agent and caulking material.    USE -   For resolving environmental problems such as green house effect, acid rain problem, carbon dioxide gas of fossil fuel.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids penetration of rain water at rear side of solar battery, thus preventing damage of solar battery. There is no failure generation of solar battery thus capability reduction is avoided. Prevents friction due to change in dimension of cushioning layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view showing the roofing tile. (11) Base material; (11a) Cushioning layer; (12) Solar battery.
A solar battery module comprises a solar battery cell with a surface material laminated to cover a surface of the cell. A photocatalyst layer is formed on the surface material.    USE -   Solar battery module capable of preventing/minimizing contamination of the surface material.    ADVANTAGE -   The surface of the module is self-cleaning and therefore avoids loss of irradiation energy of solar light to the solar battery, thus maintaining electric power generation for a long time.
NOVELTY - The display device comprises polarized light separation film operating to transmit linearly polarized light polarized in one direction and to reflect another linearly polarized light. A solar battery having a dark color allows a dark-colored background to be displayed by light travelling along an optical path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an electronic watch using the display device.    USE -   For electronic watch.    ADVANTAGE -   Permits information such as numbers to be clearly distinguished from background when solar battery is placed within display plane of watch. Produces display on watch using light emitted from light emitting device in dark place where external light does not enter when solar battery is placed within display plane of watch. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the display device.
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a flat, rectangular base plate (1) with elastic carrier elements (2,3) with U-profiles (4,5) for holding the panel frame (12) or frameless panel (11). One element protrudes more above the plate level than the other with its upper edge elastically deflectable away from the other element to enable the frame/panel to be inserted. The panel is rigidly enclosed when the element returns.    USE -   For installing solar panels.    ADVANTAGE -   The arrangement is light and compact and enables simple, secure solar panel mounting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show the base plate, carrier elements, U-profiles, panel and frame. (1) base plate; (2,3) carrier elements; (4,5) U-profiles; (11) panel; (12) frame.
The screw construction is based on the cone and a single-turn screw blade. The screw consists of a hollow cone and two to five blades. The cone is a hollow body, which can be flooded and closed. For this, two closable openings are provided in the base of the cone.    USE -   For introducing into rivers and winds on earth in all countries and continents.    ADVANTAGE -   Free of emissions.
NOVELTY - The photo voltaic solar module (1) has wire electrodes (2) spaced at intervals from each other and are located on a conducting mirrored surface (4) with contacts (26). The spacing and diameter of the electrodes is such that light traps are formed for the incident rays of the sun A flexible foil (15) is used to enclose the electrodes and is installed by applying a vacuum.    USE -   For low cost solar panel.    ADVANTAGE -   Is simple to produce.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - (1) solar module; (2) electrodes; (4) mirrored surface; (26); (15) flexible foil.
A photovoltaic device comprises a supporting substrate bearing on its surface a heterolamellar film having one or more charge-donating layers and one or more charge-accepting layers, each layer comprising: (a) a complex of formula (I): Y1, Y2 = phosphorus or arsenic; Z = a divalent group which reversibly forms stable reduced and oxidized forms; X = an anion; Mey = Me1nWm; Me1 = a di-, tri- or tetravalent Group III, IVA or IVB metal of atomic number at least 21 or a lanthanide; W = an anion; n = 1, 2 or 3; m = an integer, 0-4; p = an integer. 0-3; k = an integer, 1-250; q = the charge on X; and * = the multiplication operator; and (b) one or more charge-generator layers between the charge-donating and charge-accepting layers, such that the film is bound to the substrate through a linking means.    USE -   For the conversion and storage of solar energy, for producing photocurrents and as catalysts for reduction reactions, e.g. production of hydrogen peroxide from oxygen and hydrogen gases, hydrogen gas production from water and ketone reduction to form alcohols.    ADVANTAGE -   The compositions can produce a sustained photoinduced charge separation state suitable for use in solar energy conversion and storage and they can trap colloidal particles of a zero-valent metal in their matrix to form highly effective catalysts and oxygen sensors.
The sea turbine has several water wheels (16) which are connected to an elongated carrier (15) which is anchored in a water stream and extending vertically into the water stream. The carrier is symmetrical about a vertical central plane, preferably with a symmetrical wing shaped for use in a bidirectional sea stream.    The water wheels are arranged over and under the carrier, but may also be arranged between two parallel carriers. The carrier has ballast compartments (32,33) to control the buoyancy. The carrier has a central engine compartment (31) with the ballast compartments mounted on either side. The floor (35) of the engine compartment carries a rotational converter (36).    USE -   Turbines using sea streams to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE -   Can be easily constructed for towing to site with minimal towering parts.
Caissons (6) containing pump-turbines (20) therein and offshore dams (5) are provided in the offing of a land (2), the submergence of which is to be prevented when the surface of the sea rises due to a global warming gas, in such a manner that the caissons and dams extend in parallel with the coastline of the land, partition dams (7) being provided so as to connect the offshore dams and the coastline together to thereby make ponds (8). The water level of each pond is kept to be lower than a preset level (11), which is several meters lower than an average level of the surface of the ocean (1), by an operation of the pump-turbines to enable not only the submergence of the coastal land to be avoided, but also the area of the land to expand offshore instead.    A high-efficiency pumped storage power generation is conducted in which the development of tidal energy and seawater pumped storage power generation are combined with each other by carrying out tidal wave pumped storage power generation, in which the head of a water turbine is larger than the lift of the pump, and which comprises lowering the water level of the pond to a level further lower than the preset level by an operation of the pump at low tide in the night time, and introducing the seawater in the ocean into the ponds by an operation of the water turbine at high tide in the daytime to increase the water level of each pond up to the set level.    ADVANTAGE -   Economical efficiency is given to the system equipment.
The sensor (25) includes a heavily doped p-type semiconductor substrate (23) which has a surface with a more lightly doped epitaxial layer (26).    A number of n-type pixels (34) are formed within the epitaxial layer. A p-type region (19) between the pixels extends significantly beneath the pixels and towards the substrate.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves the carrier collection efficiency. Decreases the carrier cross-talk.
The belt (10) includes a case (14) that has a control switch (S1), a switch actuator (22), a battery (16) and a vibrator (20). The motor (18) is connected to the battery, when the control switch is operated. A LED (28) is attached to the front face of the case. The LED is observable by other person when the belt is worn around the waist of the user.    An enabling switch is closed to energise the vibrator and the LED. A strap (12) is attached between the case and the actuator. The strap is adjusted to fit snugly around the waist of the user. The actuator is moved by expansion of user's waist to change the state of control switch.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers both visual and tactile alarm when user's waist expands beyond specific width. Enables maintenance of stomach muscles of user in tightened state.
The tread mill (20) includes a forward roller (24) and a rear roller (20). An endless belt (28) wound around the rollers has an upper portion that extends between the rollers. A control panel (36) is supported by a forward post (34).    The post has a lower end (38) and an upper end (40) between which an arc-shaped bend exists. The bend has a concave portion (44) extending from the lower end to the upper end.    ADVANTAGE -   Positions control panel such that possibility of user's foot striking forward portion of base is reduced.
NOVELTY - A delay circuit is provided for generating variable period to the signals, transmitted to areas, such that delay time applied to signal in each area depends on the inductance value of an electrically conductive coil (11) and a barrier or a junction capacitance (Ci) of an optical semiconductor device (12) that are provided in that area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electric synchronising signal (13) is input into the delay circuit so that the synchronising signal is propagated through each area sequentially with a time constant (tau). A light signal corresponding to each channel in a multiplex system is also transmitted to each area so that the transmitted multiplex signal is input along with an optical synchronising signal into the optical semiconductor device.    USE -   For super high speed multiplex optical communication system.    ADVANTAGE -   Allocates multiplex light signal using simple circuit components. Prevents attenuation of output signal. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates the circuit diagram of light signal receiver. (11) Electrically conductive coil. (12) Optical semiconductor device. (13) Electric synchronising signal.
NOVELTY - A rubber plug (207) is introduced on the positive and negative terminals (203,204) of a solar battery module (200) after which it is laminated using a specific material. During usage, the rubber plug is removed to expose the terminals of solar battery module for external connection.    USE -   For connected terminals to circuit which performs booster of output voltage of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents contamination of terminals of solar battery module with lamination member by providing rubber plug. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery module. (200) Solar battery; (203) Positive terminals; (204) Negative terminals; (207) Rubber plug.
NOVELTY - Several solar battery cells (C11-C1N-CM1-CMN) are connected serially and form solar battery modules. The modules are connected parallelly with a load (2). Several constant current limiters (LMT1-LMTN) are connected to each battery module, whose operation is controlled by a controller (CNT).    USE -   For satellite.    ADVANTAGE -   Controls fluctuation of solar battery characteristics, without requiring large scale constant electric power control. Features miniaturized size and light weight of satellite by using simple constant current limiters for electric power control. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows block diagram of solar battery. (C11-C1N-CM1-CMN) Solar battery cells; (LMT1-LMTN) Constant current limiters; (CNT) Controller.
NOVELTY - A pair of guide plates (11a,11b) extend along the fluid flow direction. A crank apparatus is provided coupled with a lever (13). The lever has a fulcrum (13a) supported by a roller (12) which moves along the inner side of the guide plates. A pressure vane (14) rotates an output shaft (16) in response to the fluid pressure. After completion of operation the pressure vane is restored to its initial position.    USE -   In hydraulic power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves hydraulic power utilization efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the components of water turbine. (11a,11b) Water turbine; (12) Roller; (13) Lever; (14) Pressure vane; (16) Output shaft.
NOVELTY - A corrosion resistant coating layer (9) is formed on upper and lower surfaces of a guide vane (5), made of austenitic stainless steel, on which the gap is formed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The coating layer is preferably formed opposite a facing plate (8).    USE -   For hydroelectric power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Prolongs the service life of the guide vane by the coating layer. Improves the contact reliability of water turbine by using coating layer on upper and lower surfaces of the guide vane. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical cross section side view of the water turbine. (5) guide vane; (8) facing plate; (9) coating layer.
NOVELTY - Excitation and non excitation operation type electromagnetic clutches (14,15) between an electric motor (10) and a speed reducer (6) are coupled to an electric motor rotor shaft (10A) in a rest frame (13). The non-excitation operation type electromagnetic clutch converts the rotary motion of the shaft to reciprocating motion, transmitted to the speed reducer input shaft (6A) and the electric motor rotor shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The champing angle of a variable pitch vane (3) is varied according to the difference of the rotational speed of a rotation main shaft and an electric motor rotor (10B). The demagnetization of the non excitation type electromagnetic clutch connects the input shaft to an internal gear (6D).    USE -   For charging champing angle of vane to rotation main shaft of variable pitch propeller.    ADVANTAGE -   The champing angle degree of the variable pitch vane during emergency is maintained mechanically. The gap, between the champing angle degree and the error in the rotational speed of main shaft and rotor shaft, is also prevented mechanically. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structural drawing of the variable pitch propeller drive unit. (3) variable pitch vane; (6) speed reducer; (6A) speed reducer input shaft; (6D) internal gear; (10) electric motor; (10A) electric motor rotor shaft; (10B) electric motor rotor; (13) rest frame; (14,15) excitation and non excitation operation type electromagnetic clutches.
NOVELTY - An N-type semiconductor layer (3) is sandwiched between two P-type semiconductor layers (5) to form PN junction. Positive and negative electrodes (5p,3n) are extracted from the P-type and N-type semiconductor layers respectively. When the PN junction is placed in-between the pole pieces (9N,9S) of a magnet, current is delivered through the electrodes. TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - The P type semiconductor layer are made of elements chosen from manganese, lithium, silicon, tellurium, antimony, iron or cobalt.    USE -   Is also used in combination with solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides simple, low cost and environment- friendly power generator. Natural energy such as solar and wind energy is not used. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional explanatory drawing of the electrical power generator. (3) N-type semiconductor; (5) P-type semiconductor; (5p,3n) Electrodes; (9N,9S) Magnetic pole pieces.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (1) is connected in parallel to a storage unit (2) through a diode. The storage unit provides an output sensed by voltage detector (5) which is connected in parallel to storage unit. A comparator (9) compares the sensed signal with a reference signal from reference voltage generation unit (7) depending on which switch (3) of solar battery is controlled. A delay unit (8) is arranged between the voltage detector and the comparator.    USE -   To control the charging of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Charging of electric power generated by solar battery, performed suitably for storage unit. Longer life for the apparatus is obtained by usage of delay unit. Maintenance of storage battery becomes easier as it is removable. Heat dissipation is very small as opening closing unit does not perform a heat generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows an example of solar battery charging control apparatus. (1) Solar battery; (2) Storage unit; (3) Switch; (5) Voltage detector; (7) Reference voltage generation unit; (8) Delay unit,; (9) Comparator.
NOVELTY - Several circuits (11a,11b,12a) are formed on each opposing surface of insulating substrates (11,12). Several N-type thermoelements (13) and P-type thermoelements (14) are electrically connected by the circuits serially in the order of N,P,N and P. N-type thermoelements, P-type thermoelements and an insulator (17) are joined forming several element rows (18). The element rows are arranged mutually parallel with predetermined space inbetween them. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is given for thermoelectric element manufacture.    USE -   As energy source of electronic wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   Connection mistake of elements can be eliminated. More number of elements can be arranged effectively in small volume since space between N-type and P-type thermoelements is narrowed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of solar cell array. (11,12) Insulation substrates; (11a,11b,12a) Circuits; (13) N-type thermoelements; (14) P-type thermoelements; (17) Insulator; (18) Element rows.
NOVELTY - The tip of a rigid blade (304) is inserted into photovoltaic cell which consists of an insulating layer (302) that is interposed between a semiconductor substrate (301) and an upper electrode (303). Then shearing force is applied onto the tip of blade which has an acute angle inclination and thereby divides the photovoltaic cell.    USE -   For dividing photovoltaic cell used in amorphous silicon solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces generation of short circuit between electrodes during division of photovoltaic cell. Reduces burr on sheared surface of cell. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows dividing process of photovoltaic cell using blade. (301) Semiconductor substrate; (302) Insulating layer; (303) Upper electrode; (304) Rigid blade.
NOVELTY - The module consists of solar tiles (1) connected to main wiring (2) through an aluminium tape (3) with conductive glue, and of 50m thickness. The whole assembly is interposed within two protection films (4a) and gap between the two films is filled with bonding resin (4b). The main wiring is a multilayered body comprising thin metal plate and coloured resin film.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Thermal stress exerted on Al tape is dissipated thereby stress on solar battery module is reduced and increases battery durability. Prevents reflection of light by main wiring as orientation of coloured resin film is towards light incidence side. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows plan and sectional view of solar battery module. (1) Solar tile; (2) Main wiring; (3) Al tape; (4a) Protective film; (4b) Bonding resin.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen ions are implanted to a depth of 5-10micrometers in P-type single crystal silicon board (4) formed on an electrode layer (3) which acts as a adhesive agent. P-type single crystal silicon layer (4a) is isolated from a board (4b) using a void (5a) and bonded on the electrode layer (3) by heat treating. By diffusing P-type impurity ions on silicon layer, P+ type diffusion layer is formed on which N+ type single crystal silicon layer, P and N-type amorphous layers are formed sequentially.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Secures superior conversion efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the tandem type solar battery. (3) Electrode layer; (4) P-type single crystal silicon board; (4a) P-type single crystal silicon layer; (4b) Board; (5a) Void.
NOVELTY - A third substrate (4) is fixed to the second substrate through an adhesive agent (6) placed at the central portion of the third substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A light-receiving sensor (1) is fixed to a first substrate (2) via adhesive agents (7) separated at fixed widths (d1). The first substrate has a thermal expansion coefficient that approximates that of the sensor. A second substrate (5) is fixed to the substrate through another set of adhesive agents (3) placed at predetermined intervals between the first and second substrates.    USE -   For e.g. optical character reader, copier    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents ruptures on light-receiving sensor since variations in shape among sensor and first and second substrates are almost equal. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the substrate for a light-receiving sensor. (1) light-receiving sensor; (2) first substrate; (3) adhesive agents; (4) third substrate; (5) second substrate; (6) adhesive agent; (7) adhesive agents.
NOVELTY - The optical semiconductor pellet (34) is equipped with the jacket (26) holding the optical fibre (25) at the substrate (22). The optical fibre is coupled with photodiode (28) which is bonded to the optical fibre and the substrate. The jacket is fixed to the tab (19) and a protection cover (27) fits to the periphery of the jacket. The resin sealing body (32) seals a portion of photodiode, optical fibre, substrate, jacket and protection cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for optical fibre module manufacturing method.    USE -   E.g. for optical fibre module.    ADVANTAGE -   The resin sealing body prevents the jacket of an optical fibre from melting due to heat thus raises capability of device. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flat sectional, front sectional and side sectional views of the optical fibre module. (19) Tab. (22) Substrate. (25) Optical fibre. (26) Jacket. (27) Protection cover. (28) Photodiode. (32) Resin sealing body. (34) Optical semiconductor pellet.
NOVELTY - A solar battery is used as a bias power supply to evaluate the noise. A sensor detects the amount of light from a light source. The solar battery converts the light incident from a light source to electrical energy.    USE -   For semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE -   Insulates noise from AC line with solar battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of the basic component.
NOVELTY - The test object (5) is subjected to a luminous reaction when a trigger liquid is supplied from an injection tube (2) connected to a supply unit (3). The injection tube is placed between the test object and photosensitive surface (1a). The light accompanied by the luminous reaction is guided immediately to the main body of the photomultiplier tube (1). A filter (4) arranged behind the photosensitive surface, transmits light of only specific wavelength to the photosensitive surface of the photomultiplier tube.    USE -   For immunological analysis of test substance and reagent.    ADVANTAGE -   A weak light is detected by high sensitivity using the photomultiplier tube. The detection of light is not affected by the condition of the test object. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the component of optical detector. (1) Main body of photomultiplier tube; (1a) Photosensitivity layer; (2) Trigger liquid injection unit; (3) Supply unit; (4) Filter; (5) Test object.
The method involves using a number of sensors (31-3n) for measuring different parameters (x1-xn). The sensor data is transmitted to a data logging memory (5) that has capacity for a specific time period. Values are compared against plant model data and outputs to signal alarm conditions are displayed (6).    A monitoring value is determined for specific time periods using the model. The monitoring values are used for determining the wear of the components or for detection of operation faults.    USE -   Especially for hydromechanical components operated at variable operation point, e.g. for water powered turbines.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows early detection of faults.
The solar roof has several solar collectors (10), each with an aperture at its four corners (19) and a journal protruding into the aperture at least one corner.    The corners of at least two collectors adjacent in the roof form a chamber, which can be closed so that the collectors form a part of a building roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Solar panels can be easily combined to form a roof.
The machine is mounted on a flat base plate (2). The front support pillar (3) is clamped to a handgrip (4) which carries controls and indictors (7, 14). The position of the handgrip can be adjusted (P2, P3) by hand.    The seat (8) is mounted in a support plinth (10) which also carries the pedals (9) and crank system. The seat has built-in arm rests (15, 16). The height of the seat can be adjusted (P4) by a low voltage electric motor (11). The motor is supplied from a mains connector (13) via a power supply unit (12).    USE/ADVANTAGE -   For home use by people with limited mobility
In the adhesion structure of a box member (101) adhered to a plane (106) by an adhesion member (105), a corner between a bottom (106) and a side (103) of the box member (101) forms a curved part (104) in a curved shape such that the adhesion member (105) gathers between the plane (106) and the curved part (304). In the structure of the box member when the box member (101) is adhered to a plane by the adhesion member (105), the bottom (102) of the box member (101) is formed in a flange shaped protrusion from the outer surface of the side (103) and the end part of the bottom forms a curved part (104) in a curved shape such that the adhesion member (105) gathers between the plane (106) and the curved part (104). An angle theta of an outer surface composed of the side and the bottom is 90- 135 deg.    ADVANTAGE -   Adhesion of a terminal box to an adhesive is improved and durability of a solar module is improved.
NOVELTY - The converter has a rotation main shaft (2) of water turbine having support on both ends. Multiple supports (3) are installed radially. A revolving shaft (4) is suspended in parallel with the rotation main shaft for the radial supports. Vanes (5) are supported by the revolving shaft, asymmetrically on rotating centres (d). Fluid which flows in the direction (Y) on the vanes rotates the main shaft.    USE -   For converting-fluid energy from sea or river to mechanical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Converts fluid-energy to mechanical energy or electrical energy, efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective view of the fluid energy converter. (2) Rotation main shaft; (3) Support; (4) Revolving shaft; (5) Vane; (d) Rotation centre; (Y) Direction of fluid flow.
NOVELTY - The solar roof sheathing (A) has a non-solar junction (2) formed along the width direction of a valley type circular back shroud (1) on one side end. The circular shroud is made into a U-shaped structure by shaping a plate material. A second non-solar junction (3) is fitted to the solar junction on the other side end. The upper surface of the circular back shroud is loaded with solar panels (4).    USE -   For constructing roof in building.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces adhesion of dust and stain on solar panel and hindrance to solar light. Prevents reduction in the amount of electricity generated. Receives extensive solar light. Reduces construction time of roof. Prevents damage to solar panel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective diagram of the principal part front location of the roof with solar sheathing. (A) Solar roof sheathing; (1) Valley type circular back shroud; (2,3) Non-solar junctions; (4) Solar panel.
NOVELTY - A connector (3) for solar battery connection, connects lead wire pulled out from solar panel with electrically conductive line. The solar panel is provided in the side of a crosspiece (1).    USE -   In solar panel.    ADVANTAGE -   Connection work is simplified. Disconnection or failure is prevented. Prevents cracks on solar panel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram is a perspective view of the roof structure for wiring solar panel. (1) Crosspiece; (3) Connector.
NOVELTY - An solar power generator array (3) is installed at the ridge of saddleback (4). They are installed such that a gap (12) of more that predetermined size is maintained between end (10) of array and front side (11) of saddleback.    USE -   For residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents toxic gas discharge when solar power generators are heated or during outbreak of fire, from penetrating indoors, thus securing safety of person indoors. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts plan view of roof structure of residence, on which generators are installed. (3) Solar power generator array; (4) Saddleback; (10) End of solar power generator array; (11) Front side of saddleback roof; (12) Gap.
NOVELTY - The length (L) of the horizontal to the inclined direction of a roof to be mounted with solar power generator array (3) depends on the length of the solar power generator array length (A) and the inclination of the roof.    USE -   For mounting solar power generation module.    ADVANTAGE -   The efficiency of designing roof structure of various inclinations is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial front elevation of the roof structure. (3) Solar power generator array; (L) Length of the horizontal to inclined surface of roof; (A) Solar power generation array length.
NOVELTY - The roof surface is formed by a roof panel (21) laminated with several sheets of raw material joined along ridge pole. A rail material (29) is attached in joint portion (25) of the roof panel. A solar power generation module (1) is mounted along the width direction of the rail material. The shifting amount of rail material on both sides of the joint portion is set half of the width of roof panel.    USE -   For solar power generation in residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises operativity since joints of solar power generation module is provided with dry-type cut off material. The rain water from the surface of power generation module is discharged easily along the surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures shows the exploded view of the roof attachment structure. (1) Solar power generation module; (21) Roof panel; (25) Joint portion; (29) Rail material.
NOVELTY - The roof foundation (9) has several parallel mutually spaced sink cross pieces (10) formed along the width direction of a tile (5). An inner cross piece (1) is fixed in between and parallel to two adjacent sink cross pieces to form a straddled tile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Electrical wiring (13) is formed in between sink cross piece (10) and inner cross piece (1). Battery connection cord (3) is formed from the electrical wiring and is connected to a solar battery connector (4). A recess (1b) is provided on top surface of cross piece for enabling the battery connection cord to pass through it. Lead wires pulled out from the tile is connected to connector.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers roof structure using solar battery tile instead of scaffold. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows principal part perspective diagram of roof structure using solar battery tile based on this invention. (1) Cross piece; (1b) Recess; (3) Cord for battery connection; (4) Connector; (9) Roof foundation; (10) Sink cross piece; (13) Electrical wiring.
NOVELTY - A specific rule is followed in the computer that regulates operation of the battery formation unit. The distribution condition of specific substance that is to be ejected is calculated. The calculated distribution condition is displayed on a display unit. When specific error is designated by a cursor (110) the distribution condition is again calculated for specific area and displayed before cutting the formed continuous sheet of solar battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also available for solar battery manufacturing apparatus.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The defective portion is inspected correctly and discarded quickly. The material wastage is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the data displayed on the display unit during cutting. (110) Cursor.
NOVELTY - A Peltier element (2) is fixed to main body (1). A fan (3) is attached for radiating heat, at the back side of the Peltier element. A solar battery supplies electric power to the Peltier element and the fan.    USE -   For decorative potplant.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need of pure water works. Facilitates to set timer based on necessity. Prevents evaporation of water. Facilitates to supply small amount of water efficiently without requiring installation of water supply. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation and the back elevation of the automatic water supply apparatus. (1) Main body; (2) Peltier element; (3) Fan.
The method involves preparing a honeycomb cell structure (20) by joining two surface panels (24,26) to opposite opening sides of a honeycomb core (21). One panel has perforations (29) communicating with cavities (23) in the cells (22) of the core.    The core has at least a pair of perforations (28) in the walls of each of the cells or is made of a porous material. A solar battery unit (10) is mounted on the surface panel via a sheet of bonding material (31) and they are joined by applying heat and pressure while the air remaining in the gap between them is caused to flow into the cavities in the cells.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates air bubbles between the solar battery unit and the surface panel of the honeycomb structure, thereby increasing uniformity of the produced solar battery module. Allows thorough radiation of heat from the solar battery unit even when it is at a high temperature because the interface between the joining member and the solar battery unit communicates with the ambient air via the cavities. Allows sunlight to be converted into electrical energy with fully satisfactory efficiency. Alleviates the usual decline of electrical output due to rises in temperature.
A process for separation of the components of a composite glass pane, having one or more inorganic glass panes bonded to a plastic layer, involves heat treating the pane in a gas atmosphere by heating at 50C/min to 300C and holding at this temperature until the plastic layer is decomposed and/or evaporated. Also claimed is apparatus for carrying out the above process.    USE -   The process is used for thermal treatment of composite glass panes having (i) one or more panes of soda-lime silicate glass or borosilicate glass; (ii) one or more plastic layers of aliphatic or aromatic polyurethanes, polyvinylbutyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, acrylic acid derivatives (e.g. n-butyl acrylate), epoxides and/or silicones; (iii) electrical components such as aerial elements, heater elements, alarms and/or solar energy conversion elements; (iv) solar cells, especially of silicon, copper-indium diselenide, gallium arsenide or cadmium telluride; or (v) one or more further glass panes bonded to the plastic layer, especially spacer-containing insulating glass panes or composite safety glass panes (claimed). The process is particularly useful for recycling of photovoltaic solar modules.    ADVANTAGE -   The process produces reduced heating of sensitive components (e.g. solar cells), thus allowing their non-destructive recovery.
Machine has a monitor determining the level of exercise performed and outputting a signal, and a video game which has a character. The game responds to the monitor performance level signal to control the video game character performance. The monitor is a pulse, distance, rate or time monitor or accelerometer.    USE -   Machine improves fitness equipment and exercise by making the equipment less boring to use.    ADVANTAGE -   Machine makes existing or new exercise equipment more stimulating to use.
The element (10) has a partially insulated GaAs substrate (12). A lower contact layer (14) and an upper contact layer (16) are formed on the substrate. An optical absorption layer (18) is interposed between the lower and upper contact layers. The band gap of the upper contact layer is lesser than that of the lower contact layer.    Multiple GaAs barrier layers (22) of thickness 20mm each with an In0.5Ga0.5As layer (24) doped with silicon, comprise the optical absorption layer. The diameter of the silicon doped InGaAs layer ranges from 5-30nm at the bottom and 3-10nm at the top. Multiple quantum dots (26) with surface density 108-1012cm-2 are formed in each In0.5Ga0.5As layer. Ohmic electrodes (20) are formed on the exposed upper surface of absorption layer.    ADVANTAGE -   Produces image pick-up element of high sensitivity. Reduces dark current.
The module has solar battery elements (1) mounted on a flexible substrate. A main wiring (2) is formed on either sides of each solar battery element. A wiring (3) connects each solar battery element and the main wiring.    A pair of protection films (4) is formed in which the pinched element and main wiring are sealed. A connection member (5) which has a connection electrode (52) on an insulated sheet (51) is sealed inside the protection film. So that the connection electrode gets connected to the main wiring.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves versatility. Improves weather resistance reliability. Improves fraction defects and working houses.
The apparatus (30) which consists of a current detector (41), a voltage detector (42) and an optical detection unit (33) is connected to a solar battery (1) through a connection box (2). The current detector measures the flow of charging current in a capacitor (11). The voltage detector measures the voltage across the terminals of the capacitor and the optical detection unit measures the light energy received by the solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Judges abnormalities of solar battery output, exactly.
The composition includes Ag powder and a metal chosen from among V, Mo and W, with an organic catalyst. The chosen metal is included at a rate of 0.2-16 wt parts for every 100 wt parts of Ag powder.    ADVANTAGE -   Promotes degree of sintering of Ag electrode. Avoids post processing like acid treatment.
The tile (1) includes a base material (11) that has a groove (11a). A thin film solar battery (12) is supported in the groove. The surface of the battery and circumference portion of the groove are maintained at same level.    A projection (11e) is formed at both edges of the groove in parallel to the flow direction. The projection is maintained at a height of 1-5mm from the surface of the solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents dust adhesion to battery. Reduces breakage of battery by load from top. Enables efficient power generation by maintaining surface of battery in clean state. Simplifies design of roof of housing. Enables usage of projection as scaffold during construction and inspection of roof.
The structure includes a photoconductor comprising a metal film formed on semi-insulated substrate, with coaxial connectors, for inputs and output between them. The end face of the photoconductor's coplanar line (111,112) is arranged opposite to the end face of strip line of microstrip with a gap (71-73) formed between them. The multiple bonding wires (350b-380b,310- 330,350-370) connects the ground conductors of the metal vessel and photoconductor, the end faces of the coplanar line of photoconductor and strip line of microstrip and both sides of the coplanar line ground conductors, respectively.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves transmission characteristic obtained to high pass.
The method involves forming a nickel electrode (4) on an amorphous silicon layer (3) formed on a transparent electrode (2) formed on a transparent substrate (1). The Ni electrode is selectively etched so that a strip pattern of predetermined pitch is formed by wet etching.    An interactive diffusion layer between the Ni electrode and the amorphous silicon layer is removed by oxygen gas plasma. The amorphous silicon layer is etched by reacting ion etching by using the plasma of fluorine gas and oxygen gas, and Ni electrode as a mask.    ADVANTAGE -   Produces an array with minute pitch.
The arrangement includes a porous metal plate (3) and a metal cooling box (2) fixed air tight at the backside of a solar panel (1). Coolant (6) is sealed inside the metal cooling box. Several fins (5) are provided in the exterior surface of the cooling box in isolation from the solar panel.    USE -   In air conditioning system.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables uniform cooling of entire solar panel. Increases heat exchange efficiency of coolant thereby improves output stability.
The structure has a laminate of P-type, i-type and N-type semiconductor (3-5) respectively. The Ptype semiconductor layer which is formed by plasma CVD process has two layers with different crystallinity.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves release voltage.
A film consists of a powdered thermoplastic silicone resin having a softening temp. in the range of 30-200 C, or a thermoplastic silicone resin having a softening temp. in the range of 30-200 C. The film is deposited on one surface or both the surfaces of an unset thermosetting silicone rubber sheet having thickness in the range of 0.1-10 mm.    USE -   The protective sheet is used as a sealer for a solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   The protective sheet has superior transparency, adhesion, weather resistance, and fire retardancy. Long-term, stable power generation is observed even if the solar battery module is used in the severe environment. Superior mouldability is also observed. The result reduces fraction defective in assembling the solar battery, and enhances efficiency.
A protective material uses thermosetting silicone rubber. The prodn. comprises: (a) forming the thermosetting silicone rubber to a 0.1-10 mm-thick sheet; (b) preparing a film consisting of a thermoplastic powdered polyolefin-based resin having a softening temp. in the range of 30-200 C or a thermoplastic polyolefin-based resin having a softening temp. in the range of 30-200 C; (c) previously depositing the film on one surface or both the surfaces of the unset sheet; (d) sticking the resulting layered prod. to one surface or both the surfaces of a solar battery element; (e) setting and moulding the layered prod. with deaeration applied to the layered prod. by pressurisation or pressure reduction at 100-200 C to the layered prod.    ADVANTAGE -   The protective sheet has superior transparency, adhesion, weather resistance, and fire retardancy. Long-term, stable power generation is observed even if the solar battery module is used in the severe environment. Superior mouldability is also observed. The result reduces fraction defective in assembling the solar battery, and enhances efficiency.
The apparatus consists of a laser light transmission unit (1) which is used to read and write information to an optical disk. A light receiver (6) is installed out of the effective optical path area of the laser light output from a laser light source (2). A screw (70) of a positioning controller (7) rotates to adjust an optical axis (15) of the light receiver along an orthogonal direction.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies positioning control.
The connection is done by connecting several solar battery cells (2a,2b) having approximately same current characteristics serially.    USE -   For displaying character, graphic, picture by mounting on building wall.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents generation of hot spots and hence reduces chances of catching fire. Ensures reliable display.
The apparatus has a schedule database (6), which holds a series of events under several predetermined conditions. A scenario production unit (2) produces the generation timing of an event occurrence, which is stored in a stage buffer (4). A scenario controller (3) produces a modification scenario based on the scenario stored in the stage buffer.    An event is performed by a multi-scheduler (5) based on the produced scenario and the event is stored into the schedule database. The produced scenario is forwarded remotely to a main controller using a scenario forwarding unit (8). The scenario is modified based on the participant's situation using a supplement controller (7) provided adjacent to the participant.    ADVANTAGE -   Controls schedule contents dynamically based on participant's situation.
The detector consists of a semiconductor radiation detecting element (2) bonded on a substrate (1b) by an insulating adhesive agent (3a). The lower and upper electrodes (21,22) of the detecting element is bonded to an aluminium wire (4a,4), respectively. A wiring pattern is formed by binding the other end of aluminium wires from the lower and upper electrodes to the substrates (11b,12), respectively.    ADVANTAGE -   Resists strongly to oscillation, temperature change and humidity. Simplifies structure with fewer components. Offers reliable and firm bonding of detecting elements. Provides stabilized electric connection.
The detector (100) includes output detectors (13(1)-13(x)) which output a first signal when the output voltage of a solar battery is below predetermined value. When the light receiving strength of external light becomes below a predetermined value, a day-night discriminator (20) outputs a second signal. When the signals are sensed, warning output circuits (12,30) output an alarm signal.    ADVANTAGE -   Detects abnormality correctly and sends out result as alarm signal.
The circuit includes several photodiodes (11-1n) which are arranged in shape of the array whose output is fed to inverting terminal of respective op-amps (21-2n). P type transistors (51- 5n) are provided, whose base are connected to output of op-amps, respectively.    Constant current sources (61-6n) are connected to base or source of the respective transistors. A common monitor output line (9) is connected to output of side of each current source through switches (71-7n).    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains maximum flexible property. Performs focussing of optimal dynamic range.
The exerciser comprises a magnet controlled wheel mechanism supported on a main frame. The mechanism includes a magnetically conductive flywheel and a drive wheel, which are coaxially mounted for synchronous rotation with each other. A unidirectional bearing arrangement restricts the flywheel to one direction of rotation. A spiral spring has an active end fixed to the drive wheel. A magnet is located adjacent to the periphery of the flywheel for imparting shear resistance to the flywheel.    A pull cord is wound around the drive wheel, with a pulling handle fixed to its outer end. When a user sits on a sliding seat of the exerciser and pulls the handle, to extend the cord, then the drive and flywheels rotate synchronously in one direction. Under the shear resistance imparted by the magnet, the spiral spring is caused to be tightly wound. When the user releases the cord, then the drive wheel only is caused to rotate in an opposite direction under the action of the spiral spring, to retract the cord and allow this to be rewound on the drive wheel.    ADVANTAGE -   Easy adjustment of resistance. Elimination of noise.
The solar battery module is provided with a glass substrate. An optical semiconductor element is formed on the surface of the substrate which is opposite to the light incident surface of the substrate. The glass substrate is made of a figured glass plate having a ruggedness formed on its light incident surface to produce a glare preventing effect. The optical semiconductor element is constituted by successively laminating a transparent electrode layer, an optical semiconductor layer and a rear-surface electrode layer on the glass substrate.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery module has excellent appearance, is free from glare and can be manufactured at low cost.
The system has a revolving shaft (7) fitted with an impeller (5). The impeller is provided at an opening (4) of a fluid pipe (1).    The fluid pipe has a flow path becoming smaller in cross-section at the opening than at the ends. The impeller is driven by the fluid passing through the pipe.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents environmental pollution by using fluid pressure energy. Stabilizes power generation.
The impeller has several runner vanes (5) with a running crown (3). A band (4) is provided at the edge of the runner vane along peripheral direction. A suspension portion (20) with tapering edge inclined to specific angle is attached to the band.    ADVANTAGE -   Stabilizes fluid flow during partial load operation. Enlarges operation range without fall in efficiency.
The structure includes panel members (15,16) which provides solar battery module (14) on a roof (13) of building. A water- proof foundation material (18) is laid in lower portion of solar battery module provided on panel members.    ADVANTAGE -   Favours construction workability by laying water- proof material beforehand. Prevents deformation.
The structure includes a fitting (44) which has an U-shaped configuration with a pair of legs (46) extended downward from a board (45) provided with a central hole (47). Protrusions (48) are provided at the end portion of each leg.    The legs are inserted into respective grooves (43) formed on frames (34) of adjacent solar-battery modules (13). The coating of the respective frames are removed by the protrusion and the frames of adjacent solar battery modules are connected electrically.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs efficient earthing of solar battery modules. Reduces cost of connection fitting.
The structure includes a solar battery module (13) fixed to a frame through a fitting (88) which touches an ornamental cover (70) which covers the gap between the edge portion and a verge- throating (71). The upper surfaces of the solar battery module and the verge-throating are maintained to be almost flat.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves verge part exterior. Achieves favourable operability. Avoids need of additional fittings for ornamental covers.
The roof has separate regions for tile and solar battery module installation. The tile and battery module are arranged on a similar plane, along the direction of inclination of roof. The battery modules are increased in number to increase the electricity generation capacity.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves external appearance of roof. Increases electricity generation capacity by increasing number of solar battery modules.
The structure has an attachment piece (78) on a frame (20) which is fastened to a roof foundation (17) and in layers on verge throating (71) by fixing tools such as screw or bolt. The head of screw (79) is covered by a waterproof steel plate (21) attached ranging over between frames and verge throat.    USE -   For installing solar battery module on roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents rain water from entering gap between frame and roof covering material. Increases ability of waterproof.
The structure includes a frame (20) which is fixed on a sarking (17) of a purline (15) using a screw (24). The exposed part of the screw is covered by a waterproof plate (21), whose edge is inserted in a groove (28) provided in lower part of frame.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides high waterproof structure. Provides simple attachment work.
The structure includes a frame (20) which is fixed on a sarking (17) of a purline (15) using a screw (24). The exposed part of the screw is covered by a water-proof steel plate (21), by fixing its edge part on the frame. Leakage of rain water in the gap of edge part is prevented by an occlusion unit.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides high water-proof structure. Simplifies attachment work.
The structure includes frames (1) which has the main body (3) and a leg (4). The main body holds a solar battery module (2) and is placed on the leg. The frames are connected together by connectors (32,33) provided on either sides of the main body.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents ageing of conducting wire by protecting it from rain water and atmosphere.
The frame which is used for a module including several solar batteries, has a clamp (4). The clamp fixes a conducting wire (3) which is used to interconnect solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids disconnection of conducting wire. Simplifies connection work.
The structure has a tile (11) and a decorative cover which are inclined in a roof inclination direction along the gap formed between an adjacent tile and a solar battery module (13), so that a continuity exists between the two.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves external appearance. Ensures adequate attachment strength. Prevents refuse penetration to gap between tile and solar battery module.
The tile includes a base (11) on which solar batteries (12) are arranged. A substrate is arranged at the bottom face of the solar battery. A nail (3) inserted through the upper end of the battery, substrate and the base extends to a roof foundation material (4) provided below the base.    An L-shaped support protrusion (22) is formed at the upper face end portion of the base. The lower edge of the solar battery is fitted into the L-shaped support protrusion.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables mounting solar battery to base simply and easily. Reduces cost and manufacturing time of tile.
The roofing tile (1) consists of a solar battery module (12) arranged such that it faces the ridge part. The portion beside the waterborne side, overlaps with the upper edge portion. A roofing tile base material (11) is sequentially coupled to a roof base material (3) through a nail (2), near the circumference of the waterborne side.    The lower edge of the roofing tile with solar battery beside waterborne side, overlaps with the upper edge of the solar battery of the module arranged in the lower roofing tile. The length of overlapping region is about 3mm.    ADVANTAGE -   Features simplified structure. Has improved durability and reliability. Avoids use of adhesive agents.
The method involves installing a solar battery module (1) on the surface of a tile base material (10). A slurry (11) consisting of inorganic substance compound, which includes fly ash containing alkali metal hydroxide and alkali metal silicate and water as its main component, is then poured to one side of the tile base material without contacting the light receiver surface. Finally, the compound is hardened.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids need for attaching frame on roof, thereby reducing time and cost.
The system includes a pair of foils (2) which are arranged in the upstream side of the fluid flow so as to accelerate the fluid flowing through it. The foils have a camber which is varied using a threaded actuator (2b). A pair of vertical axis turbines (12) which have several vanes are arranged away from foils, at the down stream side.    The vanes of the turbines are driven by the flow of fluid. An electric motor (13) adjusts the position of the two turbines so as to expose a part of each turbine to the fluid. A pair of generators (7) are connected to the turbine, for applying electrical energy, where rotational energy is stored in a fly wheel (10).    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates variation of camber of foils which optimises fluid flow which supplies adequate torque to turbine which inturn prevents damage of turbine components. Facilitates generation of power even when speed of turbine slows down. Improves efficiency of turbine by shielding upwind or counter rotating side of turbine from fluid passing and driving the turbine. Enhances utilisation of energy contained in moving fluid steel by moving turbine relative to end of coil.
The generator includes a controller (84) which outputs a signal and a voltage current command detected from the output side of an AC excitation synchronous machine (M) and a rotating speed detector (7). A current counter balancing circuit performs the current balance control between each inverter by the output of the two-phase to three-phase converting circuits (52a1 ,52a2) which control each inverter.     Balance control is performed independently to the D and Q axis for every parallel circuit from the current counterbalancing circuit. The inverter control circuits (53a1 ,53a2) regulate the output current of each inverter and the converter (6b) produces the DC voltage of the inverter.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves control of inverter and transformation efficiency of AC excitation machine.
The equipment (2) includes an abnormality monitoring unit (4) that monitors the activity of each water turbine generator (1), and outputs the corresponding signals whenever abnormalities are detected. The monitoring unit transmits that output signal to an automatic controller (7) via a LAN (10).    The automatic controller then classifies the signal received from the monitoring unit. If the received signal is classified to be under an emergency condition, the controller stops the operation of the generator. If not, the controller maintains the operation of the generator but only within limited output capacity.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures continuous operations without having to stop corresponding generator at every abnormal condition. Improves operating reliability without requiring use of additional controllers, thereby reducing installation costs. Load demand of hydroelectric power station can be easily met even during abnormal operating conditions.
The device comprises of a frame (2) which forms a structure for accommodating a solar battery module (4). The solar battery module is provided with a water proof sheet laminated on either sides of the module.    A drive unit drives a rolling up roll (5) to roll the solar battery module over a rolling up shaft (7). The edge of the solar battery module is suppressed by a guide bar (23). The electric power generated by the solar battery module is extracted by a terminal (8).    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces weight by minimizing number of components. Stabilizes output irrespective of installation environment.
The method involves oxidising surface of a light receiving surface electrode (3) of a solar battery (16) using ozone. Then, an oxide film is formed on the surface of electrode    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids reduction of transformation efficiency of solar battery. Offers availability of high energy source. Avoids toxic substance content in solder.
The method involves forming a thin film using a plasma chemical vapour deposition technique. A high frequency electric power of VHF belt is applied to perform a pulse discharge, thus forming a crystalline thin film on a substrate.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves transformation efficiency and long wavelength sensitivity of thin film. Provides high quality thin film with excellent electric conductivity.
The mechanism includes a spring (6) attached to folded refraction unit (5) of a bellow shaped membrane structure object (8). The object is expandable in space, by unfolding the refraction unit.    ADVANTAGE -   Attains expansion of membrane object in space without damaging membrane object. Raises reliability, stability, rigidity of membrane structure.
The arrangement divides a bay (A) into two or three waterways. One is used for a tideway (1) from bay shore sides A1 to A3, the other (2) from A2 to A3 has a series of basins (4-9) built in sequence. The basins are enclosed with barrages (11) extending along the tideway side and extending squarely to the tideway. A caisson (12) is mounted with a pump turbine to the barrage extending along the tideway. Basins (4,8,9) are used for ebb tide power generation, basins (5,6,7) for floor tide power generation.    In the ebb tide arrangement, the basin (4) water level is elevated to maximum level (22) at nighttime by pumping. At daytime, power is generated to produce turbine power and the water level lowers. In flood tide, the water level of the basin (5) is lowered by pumping to minimum (23) at nighttime. At daytime power is generated to produce turbine power and the water level rises. Power is generated every day at daytime for 11 to 12 hours at maximum power output using the time difference of 6.2 hours between ebb and flood tide.    ADVANTAGE -   Is free of sluices, attains maximum tidal energy, enables keeping of natural tidal range so can construct small sized power plants so maximum energy of site extracted, enables long term construction plan as each basin forms independent power plant, efficiency of pumped storage power generation output portion is more than 100 per cent.
The system includes solar panels (3-7) on a space satellite (1) supported on an out rigger that is fixed to the satellite. The panels are mounted on frames that are linked together (9- 14) and each link point has a pulley wheel (22-27) around which a continuous pulley cable passes.    The panels are arranged in a concertina fashion so that they can be folded into a flat stack when not in use. The pulley cables are covered in a plastic material that improves the thermal stability.    USE -   For space satellite solar panels.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces sensitivity to temperature effects.
The running instrument includes a base for holding the instrument on a fixture surface, and a frame with an endless band which is positioned between opposite, parallel frame elements. The frame is mounted revolving at the base to enable a movement between a first position, in which the band is essentially horizontal for an operation through an user, and a second position, in which the band is essentially vertical for a storage of the running instrument. An electro-mechanical lift arrangement is provided, which connects the frame and the base, to move the frame between the first and second position. The instrument includes preferably an activation arrangement for electronically activating the lift arrangement to position the frame between the first and the second position. A locking rod with a corresponding release arrangement is preferably provided for securing the frame in the second position.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not require manual folding of instrument through user.
The generator uses solar modules arranged between the two rails of a railway track. The modules may be arranged in the space between the sleepers. They may be inclined towards the main beam of the sun.    The modules may be installed in frames between neighbouring sleepers., with concrete or steel gratings. They may be rotatable towards the direction of the sun, and may include lenses or prisms.    USE -   The generator is used for electric railway.    ADVANTAGE -   The generator provides energy for a long time, with high reliability.
The water power plant consists of three or more towers (5), which are connected with each other by a shaft. Blades(2) are fitted on the shaft(1), which represent the Pelton wheel. The Pelton wheel consists of the shaft which is located on ball bearings in the towers.    A generator (6) is connected by gearwheels with the shaft, at the middle tower. A rope winding machine (3) is connected securely with the tower on the left hand side of the tower. A rope (4) is connected with the shaft across pulleys at the tower and is connected with the generator (6), and acts to move the Pelton wheels upward and downward, eg. with high water or with ships passing by. So that the blades of the Pelton wheel remain always in water.    ADVANTAGE -   Water power plant always delivers sufficient electric current, little susceptibility to temps. Causes no great noise and with Pelton wheel constantly turning, there is little likelihood of freezing up.
The module (50) has two solar battery element groups (30A,30B) arranged parallelly in a mosaic shape. A photoelectric converter is arranged, opposing the light receiving surface of the solar battery elements. The colour of light receiving surface of solar battery elements in one group, is different from that of elements in other group.    Specific 2D patterns are formed on the light receiving surface of the solar battery elements, based on its colour. The output of photoelectric converter is obtained, by establishing electrical connection with it. Due to the colour difference of light receiving surfaces of solar battery elements in each group, the view of specific patterns is enabled, visually.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves designing property of solar battery elements, remarkably.
The solar battery module (1A) consists of a support (12) having wave-shaped surface. On the support, several solar battery cells (81-84) of rectangular and equal size are embedded.    The light receiving surfaces which is perpendicular to the sun rays are connected in series. Many such series circuit (11A-11F) are connected in parallel.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases electric power conversion efficiency. Preserves design of panel. Reduces internal resistance of battery. Enhances beauty of the wall where it is mounted. Enhances easy attachment to roof.
The device has a glass enclosure (12) accommodating solar battery element (10). Water is made to flow over and inside the glass enclosure.    A controller (26) increases the flow of water if the temperature of enclosure is high. The light receiving surface of the solar battery is also thus cleaned to remove dust.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves operation of solar battery as dust and leaf which interrupt sunlight are removed from battery surface.
The structure has a pair of vertical walls (5), which are arranged at 90deg. A notch (14) is provided at the junction of the vertical walls. A pair of installation sections (6,7) are extended along the longitudinal direction of the vertical walls. A frame material (13) with a fit groove (4) is formed along the longitudinal direction of the vertical wall.    The frame material enables hold maintenance of outer edge of solar panel. The edges of the vertical walls correspond with the four angular edges of the solar panel. The vertical wall bends along longitudinal direction, centering around the upper part of the notch.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces number of manufacturing processes, thereby simplifying assembly. Prevents rupture of solar panel.
The device consists of a substrate (12) made of amorphous silicon. A hydrogen isotope of predetermined concentration is injected into the substrate.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents deterioration of device.
The roof includes several roof panels (1-6), each which has respective elongated solar battery films (11). Solar battery cells are arranged in the extension direction of the panel. The solar battery cells are connected in series.    ADVANTAGE -   Enhances safety.
The apparatus has a supply source (4r) for supplying a bonding film (4) which has heat bonding property. A supply source (11r) supplies a water resistant film (11). The bonding film and the water resistant film are pressed together by a press roller pair (10). A heating source is provided in the press roller pair. The transfer speed of the bonding film drawn from the supply source is adjusted by a delivery roller (1) so as to synchronise it with the speed of press roller pair.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers stable and good quality lamination.
The charger includes a solar battery (4) which supplies energy to an input charging unit (1) via input terminals (11,12). Then, the energy charged by the input charging unit (1) is fed to an output charging unit (3) through a storage element (2). Finally, energy stored in output charging unit (3) is supplied to a storage element (5) via output terminals (31,32).    USE -   In communication apparatus, information terminal, electronic device.    ADVANTAGE -   Shortens charging time, even when less power is generated by solar battery per unit time.
The circuit has a negative feedback circuit which amplifies an electrical signal. The electrical signal is obtained by converting an optical signal by using a photodiode (6). The negative feedback circuit consists of a field effect transistor (2) whose source is connected to an output terminal (8) through a resistor (9).    The drain of the field effect transistor is connected to one end of a feedback resistor RD2 (11) and inductor LF (15). The other end of the feedback resistor (11) is connected to an AC ground terminal (10) and the other end of the feedback inductor (15) is connected to one end of a feedback resistor (13) whose other end is connected to an input terminal (12).    ADVANTAGE -   Increases bandwidth. Produces high sensitivity.
The structure includes a silicon substrate (1) on which an optical semiconductor device (2) is mounted on the periphery of optical semiconductor device formation area (2). A V-shaped groove (12) is formed on the silicon substrate, to hold optical fibre.    USE -   E.g photo-diode.    ADVANTAGE -   Has reduced size and involves less number of processes for assembly.
The method involves forming a transparent conductive layer (3) on an insulated substrate (1). The conductive layer (3) is subjected to etching by irradiating laser light and forming pattern over the exposed surface. A photoelectric conversion layer (2) is laminated over the electrode layer and is subjected to etching by irradiating laser light which divides and patterns the photoelectric layer. The edge of the scribed line of the electrode layer is considered as a laser light focussing point. The scribed line (S1) of electrode layer and scribed line (S2) of photoelectric conversion layer (S2) are made to superimpose.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves quality of solar battery. Manufactures solar battery with sufficient yield. Improves accuracy of focal alignment. Improves reliability of battery.
The sensor has a light emitting elements that is arranged in detection area between the image formation area of a hologram lenses (31). An original image (34) is installed on rear side of the hologram lens. A mirror (33) is installed behind the lens and a back light (35) is provided behind the original image.    The light reflected from the object is transmitted among the hologram lens to the mirror. Another light receiving element (42) arranged below one end of the rear face of the hologram lens that receives the light reflected from the mirror.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to output switch signal, reliably.
The paste comprises polymer hardenable electroconductive material along with anion exchanger and silane coupling agent.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves adhesion with base material containing chlorine ion. Avoids degradation of electrode peeling or fill factor.
The substrate has several optical-component mounting chips (2) which are distributed in an array form. Each chip is provided with a guide groove (3) for fixing an optical component.    A scribe line (4) is straddled during the cutting and separation of the chips. Each guide groove is linked to a cutting groove (5) in which the scribe line is formed.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents generation of chip defect during cutting of substrate, thus optical component or optical semiconductor device can be reliably mounted to chip, thus improving reliability of device.
The mounting unit for a solar energy module is in the form of a bracket [2] that has a flat panel surface [2] onto which the module locates. The support surface is bounded by upstands [21,22] that position and retain the module. A right angle section [3] is formed that has a shaped bottom end [3b] . This is inserted in a slot in a base plate and the wing sections deformed for retention    USE -   For solar panels    ADVANTAGE -   Simplified assembly.
In the rotatable wheel has several radiate skeletons, with some auxiliary axles being mounted on each skeleton and provided at the lateral of a limb of the skeleton to the direction opposite to that of external forces. A movable blade or a force accepting assembly accompanied with two movable blades, is connected to an auxiliary axle. They contact one extension portion of radiate skeleton when subjected to a force to be folded inwardly, and contact another extension portion when subjected to a force to be folded outwardly.    The pushing forces from all directions, except the force exerted on the movable blades, are applied along the auxiliary axle, and can be turned into forces to drive the rotating axle. This can be used to develop wind power, kinetic energy of liquid flow such as tide, or rapid water flow etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The wheel can be used in a wide variety of situations, with it being able to develop fluid kinetic energy by accepting action forces from multiple directions.
This new method makes an ultra-high density memory module, from high-density memory packages. In each package, a plane internal lead frame (30) is mounted on an integrated circuit die (26). The frame overlies and thermally-contacts the die. A plane, internal thermal conductor, overlies the die in thermal contact. Die, internal lead frame and thermal conductor are encapsulated, forming a protective casing (32). The conductors extend as leads, through one end of the casing. An end of the thermal conductor, extends through the other casing end. A thin, warp-resistant metal layer (36) is mounted on the casing surface. A planar, external thermal conductor is mounted on the other surface. Such packages, vertically-orientated, form the module.    USE -   To make an ultra-high density memory module for e.g. a computer.    ADVANTAGE -   The module aims at high density, good heat removal, and avoidance of thermal distortion. The lead frame assists heat removal and can augment package stiffness. The internal conductor is also able to enhance stiffness, whilst removing heat. The internal warp-resistant layer is typically Invar (RTM), an iron nickel alloy with very low thermal expansion. Each memory package has structurally-balanced, warpage- and heat control layers. The thermal conductors are brought out for heat sinking. Cooling may employ a heat pipe or even liquefied gases. Various configurations, some to cope with extreme heat-sinking requirements, are described, together with factors influencing design, especially against thermal distortion.
The hydroelectric project incorporates the construction of two dams (1,2) at a very high altitude. The electricity is generated from the first dam through piping (4), a turbine (6) and a generator (5) installed.    The tail race water is continued downward through the piping and another turbine and generator are installed in the downstream so that the hydel project is continued at the downstream as much as possible till the ground level is reached. The water of the second dam is connected to the first dam through horizontal piping. The water of second dam is used only when there is short fall of water in first dam.    ADVANTAGE -   Produces current at low cost.
The apparatus has a bearing stand (21) in which a housing (22) is rotatably supported. A horizontally movable weight (23) is supported in the housing.    For emergency closing of guide vane, the weight is moved along one direction to effect closing by the rotation of the housing and for opening, the weight is moved in the opposing direction.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables adjusting range of movable weight based on characteristics of vane using stoppers. Attains miniaturisation and energy conservation by using rotatable housing.
The roof unit (11) includes a roof (17) with a solar panel (19). The roof is equipped with auxiliary units such as an inverter (21) and a secondary battery.    USE -   For residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies installation.
The image sensor assembly which mounts in an optical system includes photolithographically generated elements with a solid state image sensing device mounted directly on a circuit board substrate (10). The substrate has externally accessible reference features that are aligned with respect to at least one of the photolithographically generated elements.    The externally accessible reference features include at least two straight edges that are orthogonal to one another and used in aligning the circuit board to the photolithographically generated elements. The photolithographically generated elements are image sensing sites, bonding pads or dedicated registration marks.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases precision of aligning solid state image sensors on circuit board substrate.
The pipeline pump is driven by an underwater electric DC motor (2) which is fitted with a propeller (3) and a paddle wheel (4), the operating energy for the pump drive provided via a solar cell array.    The electric DC motor is fitted in a pipeline section which is made of a corrosion-resistant material, with variation of the feed rate by varying the propeller angle and optimisation of the operating point by varying the motor voltage, for varying motor revolutions.    USE -   For pumping relatively large quantity of liquid medium between different liquid levels, e.g. for irrigation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Operation of pump is independent of mains electricity supply.
Solar power supply apparatus consists of a battery module in which the energy generated by solar cells is formed integrally with the solar cells and the energy accumulated in the battery module is supplied to a load connected to the battery module.    The residual amount of energy accumulated in the battery module is displayed on an energy residual amount indicator.
The solar battery module (1) includes a solar panel (2) that has a solar battery element on a substrate. A frame (3) covers the outer edge of the solar panel. The solar panel is supported at its backside by several ribs (6).    ADVANTAGE -   Maintains dynamic strength. Provides solar panel of better output characteristics. Reduces number of parts involved thereby offers light weight solar battery module low cost.
The method involves forming an aluminium electrode layer (13) over an insulated substrate (12) at temperature of 300-400degC. A silver electrode layer (14a) is formed over the aluminium electrode layer at a temperature of 350degC.    Another silver electrode layer (14b) is formed on the substrate at temperature of 200degC. A semiconductor layer (15) and a transparent electrode layer (16) are formed over the silver electrode layer at a temperature of 250 degC.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves bonding strength. Attains high reflecting rate and low resistance by performing film formation at low temperature. Attains high efficiency with increased reliability.
The apparatus has a photoelectric convertor (111) on which an n-type semiconductor layer (104), a thin crystalline photoelectric conversion layer (105) and a reverse conductivity type semiconductor layer (106) are sequentially laminated on a substrate (101) using plasma CVD technique. The n-type layer directly in contact with the photoelectric conversion layer includes 0.01% atom or more of conductivity type impurities.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains high quality and performance photoelectric conversion layer.
The apparatus has a pair of photoelectric conversion units (112,113) comprising several layers laminated sequentially on a substrate (101). The conversion unit includes first conductivity type layers (103,106), photoelectric conversion layers (104,107) and reverse conductivity type semiconductor layers (105,108) laminated sequentially using plasma CVD technique. The photoelectric conversion layer of silicon thin film contains a crystalline substance.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves stability, reliability and yield of apparatus. Attains high performance with improvement in optical confinement effect and hence expands utilisation range.
The method involves forming a p-type amorphous silicon calcium carbide layer (14). The proportion of number of silicon atoms to that of carbon atoms in the gaseous raw material is set to 0.1-0.3.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents deterioration of foundation layer.
The method involves smoothening corner surface (R) facing a die (D) through which punch (P1) is penetrated via a flexible insulation substrate (1a).    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces connection resistance in connection hole. Obtains favourable solar battery characteristics.
The optoelectric transducer has a first electrically conductive film (1) and a non-crystal semiconductor device (2) between which a second transparent electrically conductive film (10) is sandwiched. Both the conductive films are formed on the light incidence side.    The first electrically conductive film is made of zinc oxide doped with gallium. The second electrically conductive film is made of zinc oxide doped with aluminium.    USE -   For photo sensor, display element.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces contact resistance of conductive film and semiconductor device. Improves efficiency of energy conversion.
The method involves judging the number of pulse and movement pitch of the subject, e.g. person, by predetermined limits. A movement strength which corresponds to the judge point is corrected based on the subject's high degree difference.    USE -   Also for game training which requires physical movement strength and physical travel speed.    ADVANTAGE -   Shows strength for required training to enhance body endurance without asking variety or movement place. Ensures correct calculation result either number of pulse or travel pitch is considered. Can set up desired value finely by using external apparatus which analyses measurement result.
Thr system includes solar element panels (2,3) fixed to the roof tiles (5) of a building using a system of spacers (14) and brackets (20). The solar elements are set into a frame (9) and integral projections (11) locate in holes in the U shaped spacers for accurate positioning.    The brackets (20) pass between the panels and have a claw (27) that presses a clamp (31) against the panels. The underside of the brackets (23) fit between the tiles.    ADVANTAGE -   Is secure and easy to use.
A solar generator for a vehicle, in the form of a sliding roof, comprises a pane of glass (1) and a solar cell field made of numerous crystalline and electrically connected solar cells under the glass. The cells are located in an elastic plastic material between the glass and a cover film (4), and the glass, plastic and cover film form a laminate. The solar cell field is only slightly smaller than the free outer surface of the glass. The roof lid has a polyurethane based frame (6) which covers the outer edges of the solar field from below.    Use - The arrangement is used as a vehicle solar generator in a sliding roof.    Advantage - The arrangement is light in weight and produces a relatively high energy output.
The power plant has a controlled flow of water (2) which can be directed into an air chamber (9) of a diving bell (8) to rejoin the body of water at the sump of the diving bell and leave the air chamber intact. Water from below the surface of the body of water will flow down a provided ducting (15) with enough kinetic energy to drive a water turbine (10) to power an electric generator (11).    Water passing through a water jet (14) at force can create a suction in a pipe (16) to bring air to the air chamber from a pump house (17). The pump house can be a station to receive and service all requirement of the power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides low maintenance and is pollution free.
The exercise machine has a system of pulleys and weights that apply forces to a user through key points, e.g. hinges (34). These key points should be correctly aligned for each user to avoid injury. The key points are connected to a motorised system (114) that allows their position to be altered, e.g. closer or further apart. Each key point has a light source (116) that directs light (124) to a relevant point on the users body.    The user has a control button (118) that activates the motor and moves the key points until their light beam correctly illuminates the user's body. Alternately, reflectors (140) can be used to automate the process.    ADVANTAGE -   By adjusting the elements maximum benefit and minimum risk is obtained.
The apparatus includes a storage medium (30) such as video tape, CD-ROM, laser disk having a substrate (32). Audio-visual program data stored in the storage medium comprises a first routine of physical movements which is recorded by a video camera (12a) from a specified perspective and a second routine of physical movements which is captured from the specified perspective.    The two routines have mirror image physical movements such that when the program data is read by an user, the two routines are displayed in a split-screen format. The audio-visual program data includes audio instructions synchronising with the two routines. The first routine illustrates a frontal view of an instructor and the second routine illustrates rear view of the instructor.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides training in multimedia format using split screen display in which instructor is shown performing exercise routine in more than one perspective. Provides live teaching environment by showing front and back of instructor. Provides audio track in synchronization with video track. Enables exercise at home to observe arm placements, close-ups of muscle groups, footwork and instructor's face.
The device has a maximum value selection unit (4) to select and output the signal with the maximum value based on the colour input red (R) signal (1), green signal (2) and blue signal (3). An isolation unit separates the incident light to the three colour signals. A minimum value selection unit (5) selects and outputs the signal with the minimum value based on the colour of the three signals. A black level setting circuit (8) sets up a black level.    A comparator (7) compares the minimum value signal and the black level. Judging units (9-11) compare each of the colour signals with a maximum value signal output by the maximum value selection unit. The judging units output either R signal (12), G signal (13) or B signal (14). A switch (6) inputs the maximum value signal into the judging units only when the minimum value signal is less than the set black level.    ADVANTAGE -   Corrects colour gap at low cost.
The photodetector includes a gate bias type MOS transistor having an electric charge accumulation pole which accumulates electric charge based on light received with a pn-junction photodiode (71). The gate bias type MOS transistor includes a bias voltage storage pole and a source voltage input pole connected to a voltage source.    An optical signal is output from an output terminal of the MOS transistor based on the potential of the electric charge accumulation pole which is charged using a charging switch. The reference voltage is added to the bias voltage storage pole in response to a charging control signal, using a signal reading switch. The light signal is output from the output terminal through the terminal connected to the output terminal, in response to a reading control signal.    USE -   In facsimile, camera.    ADVANTAGE -   Exhibits large operation range, and sensitivity. Compensates DC offset accompanied by temperature variation. Improves image signal reading rate.
The solar battery module (1) includes a heat sink (2) which is attached at the backside.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves efficiency of electricity generation by preventing temperature rise. Simplifies manufacturing processes involved since need for changing structure of solar battery module is eliminated.
The semiconductor contains an electrically conductive material which adsorbs the spectroscopy sensitising dye or pigment.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides inexpensive solar battery with superior conversion efficiency.
NOVELTY - The photocatalyst consists of an electrode catalyst which is formed on the surface of a solar battery, instead of a transparent electrode. Due to a simultaneous effect of light and electricity on the electrode catalyst surface, a chemical reaction is performed.    USE -   Used for decomposing harmful material in water purification. Used for decomposing surface active agent, organic substance, pigments in waste liquid obtained from washing and printing. Used for decomposing NOx in atmospheric air and deodorisation.    ADVANTAGE -   Chemical reactions such as decomposition of harmful materials are performed on the surface of the electrode catalyst by optical catalytic activity due to electromotive force of solar battery. Decomposition of surface active agent is performed without requiring energy other than light.
The device includes an electric charge forwarding unit (14) which forwards electric charge to an electric charge detector (11). The sensor detects and converts the electric charge into an electric signal.    The forwarding pulses (phiH1,phiH2,phiH3) of three phase are generated from a timing generator (15) to drive the electric charge forwarding unit. The forwarding operation is also performed in the reset period of the electric charge detector part by a reset pulse (phiR).    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses generation of coupling noise thereby reduces power consumption. Reduces drive voltage of electric charge forwarding unit since forwarding operation is also performed in reset period of electric charge detector.
The method involves forming a desiccant (10) inside or die (B) on the lower side of a lead frame (5) whose ends are opened wide inside a resin compact (1). The resin compact is formed by moulding using dies (A,B) that are arranged above and below lead frame.    ADVANTAGE -   Achieves stability of quality of device. Improves productive efficiency. Simplifies deforming. Suppresses generation of resin burr. Prevents dewing formation by moisture which infiltrated inside package.
The apparatus consists of a control unit (23). The control unit has a calculation unit which calculates distance of movement and moving speed of a driven member (25) from the rotating speed or the setting velocity. The calculation result is displayed by a display unit (8). The point information and the information between points are stored in a map memory.    A point selection unit is provided which selects a point information. The distance between several selected points are calculated and displayed by a distance display unit. The relationship of the distance between the points and the distance of movement of the driven member are calculated and displayed by a current position indication unit.    USE -   For providing movement of bicycle, jogging and walking.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides simple operation. Displays target of movement and achievement degree visually and reliably.
The method involves providing a mesa element area (12) on a semiconductor substrate (11). A resin layer (13) is laminated over the element area. A specific portion of the resin layer is etched forming a clearance (14). Then a portion of photoresist film (15) which is layered over the element area, is removed and another photoresist film (17) which covers the photoresist film (15) and the element area is formed.    After etching the photoresist film (17), an electrode area (19) is formed on the element area. Then, an electrically conductive layer (20) formed over the photoresist films (15,17) is etched. Finally, an electrode (21) of the electrically conductive layer is formed on the element area.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves reliability. Increases adhesive strength. Avoids element degradation.
The module comprises several solar battery cells (1) which are separated by predetermined distance. A transparent front cover (3) is arranged over the light receiving side of the solar battery cells. A back cover (4) which has reflecting property, is arranged at the back side of the solar battery cells. The back cover reflects the incident light (5) falling on it through the gap existing between solar battery cells, towards the front cover.    The reflected light which reaches the solar battery cell are converted into electrical energy. The variation of the electrical output depends on the gap between solar battery cells. The gap is provided in such a way that the relation Ln(Sm(mm))=A*(Qm(%))+B is satisfied, where Ln is the Napierian-logarithm function, Sm is the cell gap, Qm is the electric output variation rate and A, B are constants.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves power generation efficiency. Utilises reflected light reliably. Optimises cell gap of solar battery cell.
The system has a solar battery module (1) connected to a connection box (2). A switching unit (6) switches the connection from a electricity generator (3) to a de-icing unit (4) when snow coverage is detected (5). The de-icing unit supplies power to the solar panel which generates heat and melts the ice.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates reduction in amount of power generation due to snow coverage. Saves labour involved in de-icing.
One or more solar battery cells are formed by depositing an opto-electric conversion layer, and electrodes on a substrate. At least connections between the solar battery cell(s) and wiring for externally delivering power are sandwiched by a weather-resistant resin film consisting of an ethylene tetrafluoride-ethylene copolymer through a sheet-like adhesive for sealing. Oxygen, and nitrogen are contained on the surface of the resin film.    USE -   The solar battery module is stuck and fixed to a translucent substrate made of glass, glass windowpane, flat-, or curved-wall, or sheet-like leisure goods.    ADVANTAGE -   The ethylene tetrafluoride-ethylene copolymer contg. the oxygen, and the nitrogen evolves an -OH gp., -COOH gp., NH3 gp. on its surface. The gps. enhance adhesive strength stability with respect to the sheet-like adhesive, including an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a good hydrophilic property. The hydrophilic property enhances cleaning by rain water. The solar battery module is easily stuck to the flat-, or curved wall or support and has superior durability.
The conductive film which is coated on a base, has an applied liquid composition obtained by mixing a conductive fine particle sol liquid with a conductive sol gel film. The liquid composition is a conductive paint obtained by dispersing conductive fine particles in a conductive binder. The applied liquid is baked at 400 C in a reducing environment, before coating onto the base.    ADVANTAGE -   Has improved carrier mobility with low resistance factor. Enables high transmittance of light and low absorption loss. Features improved conductivity and visualisation transparency.
The dial face (20) has a metallic thin film formed on the surface of a substrate for film formation (22) on which a solar battery (18) is mounted. The metallic thin film transmits a part of the incident light to the solar-battery side.    The metallic thin film includes two comparatively thin nickel film layers (24,28) and a comparatively thick silver film layer (26). The nickel film layers prevents the discolouring of the silver film layer. Preferably, an unevenness process is applied to the substrate surface beside the windshield.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves ease of design by eliminating restrictions of colour surface by solar battery.
The photothermal hybrid panel is formed by connecting a heat collection panel (3C) to the back side of a solar cell panel (2) in a heat transferrable manner. The heat connection panel (3C) is formed in a hollow box shape by a top plate portion (31) used as a heat exchanger plate for transferring solar heat to a heat exchanger fluid, a bottom plate portion (32) used as a base plate, side plate portions (33), partition ribs (34) arranged on the inside surface of the bottom plate portion (32) so as to form a passage (Fa) for the heat exchanger fluid in the panel and an inlet opening (35a) and an outlet opening (35b) for the heat exchanger fluid on the side plate portion (33).    USE -   The photothermal hybrid panel is suitable for converting sunlight to electric power.    ADVANTAGE -   The solar heat is transferred to the heat exchanger fluid uniformly through the whole back side of the solar cell panel.
The apparatus has a vacuum housing (1001) in which a conductive strip-shaped member (1000) is arranged. High frequency power is applied through anode (1004) and cathode (1002) arranged inside the vacuum housing, to generate plasma. A predefined thin film is formed over the strip-shaped member using plasma. Several partitions (1003) are formed over the cathode such that total electrode area of cathode and anode contacting surface of plasma is larger than that of contact surface of strip-shaped member. The density of partition electrode varies continuously corresponding to the application direction of plasma gas.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises throughput by enhancing manufacture of thin film with sufficient external appearance. Prevents generation of defect.
The covers can be fitted with a mutual distance and one cover has a reflection face on at least one side. The cover is movable with respect to the wall aperture and can be adjusted in one or more positions in random angular settings with respect to the ideal surface of the wall aperture.    The cover consists of flat panels slidably retained in a frame in front of the wall aperture and in an aperture side part. One cover end may be retained in the frame, while its other end is slidably retained in panels on both cover sides.    USE -   For solar energy generation via windows and facade.    ADVANTAGE -   Optimum solar energy guide both in winter and summer.
The power plant (20) consists of a framework (22) installed in sea bed (27) from which pillars (28) spaced apart are extended out. A horizontal shaft (30) is rotatably mounted on the upper ends of the pillars, to which ratchet type turbines (32) are connected and rotated in one direction, by the sea waves (34). A winding coupler (36) is connected to one end of the shaft (30) with one end connected to a horizontal shaft (38). The coupler is mounted on upper ends of the pillars, such that it transmits a constant rotation input from the shaft (30) to the shaft (38). An augment gear assembly (40) is connected to one end of the shaft (38), to whose one end a shaft (42) is connected, such that assembly increases the rotational speed from the shaft (38) to the shaft (42).    A shaft (44) is connected to the shaft (42), to which a dynamically balanced flywheel (46) provided with counter weights (48) is connected, to produce an evenly smooth rotation of the shaft (44). An automatic governing speed coupler (52) is connected to a shaft (50) which inturn is connected to one end of the shaft (44). An electric generator (54) has a driven shaft (56) which is engaged with the shaft (50), when the speed coupler reaches predetermined value, so that generator produces electrical energy for practical consumption. The turbine contains a reversing clutch (58) which includes spaced teeth (60) pivotaly mounted above the shaft (30) via a caller (62).    ADVANTAGE -   Improves energy generation property at low cost. Provides low cost power to consumers. Reduces pollution and hence improves energy conservation.
The system employs several water turbines (M) arranged in the center section of a floating device (1). The water turbines are rotated by the pressure generated by water flow and the rotational energy is transferred to the generator (5) for power generation.    USE -   For driving bumps utilizing water resource such as discharge water, waste water.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables generation of power even from low load, low pressure water resources.
The apparatus includes an ultrasonic sensor attached to it. The ultrasonic wave generated during etching is detected by the sensor and spectrum formed is analysed. By the variation of spectrum, a laser pulse energy and graphically obtained moving speed are controlled. Thereby, a laser beam irradiation amount is controlled depending on variety of object and film thickness for etching.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables control of laser beam irradiation amount depending on object and film thickness.
The connection system has a number of solar modules, containing separate solar cells, connected together to provide a solar module group with an increased current output, by connecting a limited number of cells or cell rows in series for operation under normal conditions, the remaining cells used for compensation of abnormal conditions, e.g. increased operating temperature, power losses, or electronic losses. The configuration of the solar cells may be switched between an abnormal operating conditions configuration and a normal operating conditions configuration with a lesser number of solar cells via a mechanical/electronic switching system.    USE -   For solar module voltage supply for domestic electrical circuit.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures maximum battery charging current.
The hydroelectric plant has several towers (5) which are connected to each other by a shaft (1). Blades (2) are positioned on the shaft to form Pelton wheels. The wheel is disposed in a tower via ball bearings.    A generator (6) on the central tower is connected to the shaft via toothed gears. A cable winch (3) is connected to a tower on the left side and a cable (4) extends over pulleys on the tower to the shaft. The hydroelectric plant is for installation at a waterfall.    ADVANTAGE -   Constant supply of sufficient electricity, requires fewer repairs, low-noise, does not freeze at low temperatures. More environmentally friendly.
The hydroelectric power plant has turbines that are built into the air chamber (H) which is similar to a diving bell chamber. The flumes (C) bring water from storage to the chamber where it is then directed to the turbines and then discharged to a spillway then to the sump of the chamber where it enters the ocean (a).    The turbines drive the electric generator (G) and a computerised pump house (K) functions to control operation of the power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Makes use of waste water from conventional hydroelectric power plants.
NOVELTY - The particle size of bismuth telluride and bismuth selenium containing either P-type or N-type impurity are adjusted to the range of 10-20 microns. The size adjusted bismuth selenium and bismuth telluride powders are then mixed and sintered by hot pressing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thermoelectric semiconductor material.    USE -   In refrigerator, power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   The sintered compact being obtained from bismuth and bismuth selenium of uniform particle size, a doping control is easy and performance index is high.
NOVELTY - In-between copper electrode and thermoelectric semiconductor layers, junction made of single metal or alloy of metals of VIII group metals usually iron and platinum is formed by integration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the electrode for thermoelectric semiconductor manufacturing method.    USE -   For thermoelectric generating element or Peltier element.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers stable efficient electrode structure by using copper of large electric conductivity.
NOVELTY - A flat thermo-electric module (20) is formed using p-type and n-type thermo-elements. Thermo-electric modules are arranged in each spaces (42) of a lattice frame (40) that is interposed between the heat exchange blocks (30). The thermo- electric modules are electrically interconnected.    USE -   In thermo-electric power generating device, which uses natural heat sources such as geothermal or heat energy emitted from incinerator plant, factories, power stations, etc for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids deviation or sliding of thermo-electric module because of the presence of lattice frame. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective diagram of thermo-electric power generating device. (20) Thermo-electric module; (30) Heat exchange blocks; (40) Lattice frame; (42) Spaces.
NOVELTY - High temperature and low temperature side circuits (50,60) are branched from upstream sides of electric power generator (20) and are connected to the flow path of heat exchange blocks (40,42), respectively. Branch pipes (52,62) connect the temperature circuits again to the power generator. Valve gears (70) in the branch pipes adjust flow of heat carrier in them. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat carrier is heated by source (58) and circulates through high temperature side circuit (50). The heat carrier is cooled by source (68) in the low temperature side circuit (60).    USE -   In thermoelectric conversion system used for generating electricity from waste heat of factory, incinerator, plant, power station, and geothermal energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Exact temperature control is enables by adjusting valve gear corresponding to heat exchange block temperature. Efficient electricity generation is enabled by maintaining temperature of heat exchange block at desired value. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline layout of the thermoelectric conversion system. (20) Power generator; (40,42) Heat exchange blocks; (50,60) Temperature circuits; (52,62) Branch pipes; (58) Heat source; (68) Cooling source; (70) Valve gear.
NOVELTY - Thermoelectric modules are pinched between heat exchangers (20). Heat exchanger main body (30) has heat inflow hole (24), heat outflow hole (26) and intermediate flow holes (34) having partition (36). The holes appear in opposite faces (32,33). Covers (40) with holes (50,52) matching respectively with holes (24,26) are fitted to the end faces (32,33).    USE -   In thermoelectric power generator using waste heat from incinerator plant, power station.    ADVANTAGE -   As heat is allowed to flow across heat exchanger body several times, heat is transferred efficiently to the thermoelectric modules. Electricity generation is increased because of efficient heat transfer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of heat exchange block. (20) Heat exchanger; (24) Heat inflow hole; (26) Heat outflow hole; (30) Heat exchanger main body; (32,33) End faces; (34) Intermediate flow hole; (36) Partitions; (40) Cover; (50,52) Holes.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module consists of series connected solar battery cell (3) forming a parallel connection with bypass diode (10). A thermal fuse connected in series with the bypass diode, receives the heat generated.    USE -   For solar battery module used to generate power for domestic use.    ADVANTAGE -   The damage of bypass diode by lightning is prevented since the thermal fuse prevents the overcurrent flow to the diode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar battery module (3) Solar battery cell; (10) Bypass diode.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (101) has hole (108) through which lamination material (109) is filled on reinforcing material (102). The hole does not superimpose on the solar battery element (105). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: solar power generator; solar battery module manufacturing method; solar battery module mounting method    USE -   For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   As the reinforcing material is laminated water penetration, rust attachment is prevented hence reduction of attachment strength and insulating ability of solar battery is prevented thereby reducing cost of power generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery module. (101) Solar battery module; (102) Reinforcing material; (105) Solar battery element; (108) Hole; (109) Lamination material.
NOVELTY - A cadmium sulfide film (3) and a cadmium telluride film (4) are formed on a transparent electrically conductive film (2) of predetermined pattern formed on a transparent substrate (1). The resist of predetermined pattern is formed on the telluride film which is etched and removed selectively. The resist is then peeled using alcohol and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery.    USE -   For sub-modules of CdS-CdTe type solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The resist can be peeled reliably without causing damage to telluride film and background film by using alcohol as resist peeling liquid. Materializes favorable patterning of telluride film using low cost apparatus and material. Inexpensive solar battery with stable and efficient characteristics is produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a cross-sectional process diagram of solar battery. (1) Transparent substrate; (2) Electrically conductive film; (3) Cadmium sulfide film; (4) Cadmium telluride film.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (7) placed inbetween upper board (21) and L-shaped underplate (22) of holder board (2) is fixed by screw (3). The stress addition equipment (4) adds stress to solar-battery module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module torsion testing method.    USE -   For investigating mechanical endurance of solar battery module during heat-cycle test, temperature cycle test, terminal strength test etc.    ADVANTAGE -   As the solar battery module is fixed between board and plate using screw, uniform and firm fixing is attained and hence continuous measurement of insulation resistance between output terminal and module frame is offered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory sectional view of the solar-battery module torsion tester. (2) Holder board; (3) Screw; (4) Stress addition equipment; (7) Solar battery module; (21) Upper board; (22) L-shaped underplate.
NOVELTY - The fixing device has a printing stage (4) with vacuum suction openings (5) that performs the vacuum suction of a thin-film fixing jig (1). The thin-film fixing jig and a thin-film silicon (2), received in the opening (1a) of the thin-film fixing jig, are mounted on the printing stage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thin-film fixing jig has an eaves portion (1b) that suppresses inwardly for the protruding thin-film silicon from the upper portion towards the opening.    USE -   Used in manufacturing thin film silicon for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents yield reduction due to prevented wafer cracks and pattern disturbance occurring when performing vacuum suction of thin-film silicon. Reduces restrictions in printing pattern due to eaves portion of thin-film fixing jig. Has simplified structure in which absorbing mechanism is unnecessary. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show the entire sectional view of the fixing device and the top view of the thin-film fixing jig. (1) Thin-film fixing jig; (1a) Opening; (1b) Eaves portion; (2) Thin-film silicon; (4) Printing stage; (5) Vacuum suction openings.
NOVELTY - The system has one or more electrical generators (42) driven by the motion of a belt (26) in a sloping conveyor (20). The generated electrical power is delivered to an external power output for use immediately or stored in a battery system for future use. The generators are mounted inside drive rollers (28), with the rollers being in frictional rolling engagement with the surface of the belt.    USE - The system may be used in a mine to moved large amounts of particulate material.    ADVANTAGE - The system is more energy efficient as it uses energy normally dissipated whilst braking of the conveyor belt.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a portion of a conveyor system.    sloping conveyor (20)    belt (26)    drive rollers (28)    electrical generators (42)
NOVELTY - The conversion system is kept stable by the use of a    number underwater support posts. The air producing device is    connected to the posts and an air storage device by a set of    hoses. It is also connected to a power generator by pipelines,    fitted with check valves and gauges. The generator consists of    a paddle and shaft assembly which is actuated by the movement    of sea waves, which is turn generates the power.    USE -   Generates electrical power from the motion of sea waves.    ADVANTAGE -   Able to generate power from a virtually non-    consumable source of potential energy, thus protecting the    environment.
NOVELTY - Connectors (4) are installed in inner surfaces of a pair of rails (3) along longitudinal direction of the rails. The connectors are aligned with projection polar zones (2) at end faces of a pair of solar battery modules (1). End portions of the solar battery modules with the polar zones are clamped to module support clamps (32) provided in the rails. The rails are attached to a substrate (31).    USE -   For installing solar batteries or roof top of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need for complicated wiring for connectors due to provision of the connectors along internal longitudinal surface of the rails. Makes replacement of solar batteries easy due to provision of the module support clamps. Reduces cost due to simple structure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective enlarged cross sectional view of the solar battery module attachment structure. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Projection polar zone; (3) Rail; (4) Connector; (31) Substrate; (32) Support clamp.
NOVELTY - Edge portions of solar battery module (2) are supported between pairs of fitting plate (12,13) extending horizontally and outwardly from external wall surface of a square-shaped hollow cable accommodation portion (11). The walls of the cable accommodation portion are supported on rail (1). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cables (3) are installed in the cable accommodation portion. Output cables (21) with connectors extend from the solar battery module and pierce through the wall surfaces of the accommodation portion The connectors of the solar module are connected to the cables housed in the cable accommodation portion. The cable accommodation portion is covered on top by a cover (4). The rail is supported on rooftop.    USE -   For fixing solar battery module on rooftop.    ADVANTAGE -   Makes inspection, repair etc., after installation of the solar battery module easy, due to provision of the cable accommodation portion. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the solar battery module attachment structure. (1) Rail; (2) Solar battery module; (3) Cables; (4) Cover; (11) Cable accommodation portion; (12,13) Fitting plates; (21) Output cable.
NOVELTY - Solar panel (1) is laid flat horizontally and fixed to frame (2) provided on roof top with air gap ventilation space (3) below the panel and above roof surface. The panels are fixed in frame mold (8) and cross slits (4).    USE -   For installing solar panel on roof top in building.    ADVANTAGE -   Affords easy installation as the solar panel is laid horizontally without involving angular fixing etc. Avoids disturbance due to wind load, as the solar panel is laid without inclination. Enables provision of lighter foundation as there is no complication that go with inclined fixing. Easy to overcome pressure imbalance due to wind load of air gap below solar panel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of horizontally laid solar panel. (1) Solar panel; (2) Frame; (3) Air gap ventilation space; (4) Cross slits; (8) Frame mold.
NOVELTY - Multiple panel units (3) are coupled adjacently by a wiring frame (4). Power cables (10) which conduct the electricity generated by the solar battery cell (7) present in the panel units are supported by the wiring frame at the joints between the panel units and are connected to the light receiving surface (7a) of the cells.    USE -   In solar panels for generating electricity for use in buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the conductive wiring is provided on the wiring frame only at the joints between the panel units, the wiring can be incorporated easily using DPG and SSG construction methods. Since the conductive wiring is connected to the light receiving surface of the solar battery cells, operation time is reduced and maintenance is simplified and the power cables are not exposed. Since transparent tempered glass is used as the supporting material for the solar panel, outstanding exterior design is obtained and suitability for installing in walls and windows is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded sectional view of solar panel. (3) Panel unit; (4) Wiring frame; (7) Solar battery cell; (7a) Light receiving surface; (10) Power cable.
NOVELTY - Installation frame of solar panel (5) is fixed to support block (10) over roof tops of buildings on shock absorbing layer (11), with air gap above the roof top. Water-proof layer is provided at locations of the support block over the roof surface and underneath the shock absorbing layer.    USE -   In installation of solar panels, over roof top of buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Results in quick installation, as support blocks are part of roof finish, and solar panels are easily assembled on support blocks. Avoids disturbing roof surface, by way of preparing for foundation, for solar panel, as support block is built on roof top. Results in economy as the installation takes less time, because of provision of support block. More installation can be done in a given time. Increases insulation quality of the building because of provision of air gap between roof top and solar panel. Simple design as solar panel consists of detachable part that could be assembled at size, over support block. Saves cost as one layer of framework to be manufactured is avoided because of support block. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of support block on roof top solar panel. (5) Solar panel; (10) Support block; (11) Shock absorbing layer.
NOVELTY - Solar panel consisting of battery modules (4) which is made of cellular concrete frames (1) and are erected as vertical walls. The panels have recess (3) to fix the battery modules at a slightly lower level than main portion (2) of the frame. Hole is provided in the panel for wiring.    USE -   For mounting solar battery module in building.    ADVANTAGE -   Easy to stack and transport because of light weight and grooves prevent contact of battery surface. Easy to clean, because of vertical surface which attracts less dirt. Increase efficiency of solar batteries because of less dirt adhesion, because of vertical disposition. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of cellular concrete solar panel. (1) Cellular concrete frames; (2) Main portion; (3) Recess; (4) Battery modules.
NOVELTY - A radiation thermometer (9) measures the temperature of refuse supplied to a hopper (4). The measured temperature and its heating value (Hu) obtained from a linearizing system (10), is sent to a control system (11). The supply rate of refuse from a feeding device (6) to the incinerator is controlled by a combustion controller based on the heating value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The radiation thermometer installed to upper portion of the hopper, performs measurement before a crane (5) feeds the refuse to the hopper. The measured temperature is compared with a table in the linearizing system. The combustion controller calculates correction value of refuse supply from the heating value.    USE -   In incineration system for power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Stabilizes power generation as heating is stabilized by regulating supply rate of refuse. Suppresses release of harmful gas by effective usage of energy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the incineration system. (4) Hopper; (5) Crane; (6) Feeding device; (9) Radiation thermometer; (10) Linearizing system; (11) Control system.
NOVELTY - The device converts the energy of the waves into a rotational movement, having a dynamo device with a rotor and a stator to convert rotational energy into electrical energy. The device to convert energy of the waves into rotational energy contains a horizontally reciprocating floating body which floats on the water surface and works together with a taper plug device designed with a helical screw thread whose one end drives the dynamo device.    USE - For converting mechanical energy present in water waves into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The mechanical energy of surface waves of a liquid of high viscosity, especially water, can be turned into electrical energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The floating body device contains at least one land hole which is dimensioned so that the plug is guided in it and with a movement of the floating body device is set into rotation in the vertical direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the energy conversion device.
NOVELTY - The burner is surrounded by a radiator (1), opposite which are fitted one or more photocells (2). The combustion air (3) passes through the space (4) between the radiator and photocells prior to its feed to the burner for the fuel (5) combustion. Combustion air flows first over the surface of the photocells away from the radiation. The burner and photocells are typically in the form of concentric cylinders. Alternatively they may be of planar shape.    USE - For conversion of radiation energy of the glow body into electricity by photocells.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced energy losses with consequent electric energy yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a detailed side cutaway view of the invention.    Radiator (1)    Photocells (2)    Combustion air (3)    Airflow space (4)    Fuel (5)
NOVELTY - The power generating block house or more thermoelectric elements and has a thermoelectric generation unit (180) which contains a first heat transfer plate (120) constituting a heat absorbing plate and a second heat transfer plate (170) constituting a heat radiating plate. A heat conductor (244) made of a heat conducting material is abutted against the plate.    USE - For use e.g. a watch.    ADVANTAGE - Is small and thin, and whose thermoelectric generation unit capable of highly efficient electric power generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A booster circuit block (240) includes a booster circuit for boosting an electromotive force generated from the unit and a power supply operation control circuit for controlling the storage of the electromotive force generated by the unit and the operations of the booster circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram to illustrate the power generating block.    first heat transfer plate (120)    second beat transfer plate (170)    thermoelectric generation unit (180)    booster circuit block (240)    heat conductor (244)
A thermoelectric conversion material consists of a substance with a composition of formula, (Nap B1-p )(Coz A1-z)xOy. x = greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 2; y = greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 4; p = greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1; z = greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1; (except when p and z = 1, respectively); B and/or A = at least one element selected from Ag, Li, lanthanoid, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, V, and Cr.    Also claimed is a thermoelectric conversion device using the thermoelectric conversion material.    ADVANTAGE -   The thermoelectric conversion material has superior properties as the thermoelectric conversion material over the wide temperature range of from ordinary temperature to 650C or above. The thermoelectric conversion material is available at lower costs and has no toxicity or less toxicity.
NOVELTY - The medium (5) is provided between light receiving surface (4) and diffraction surface (7) situated in the space across light receiving surface. A section of the surface has light receiving apparatus (6) which contacts the medium. The refractive index of the medium is larger than the refractive index of exterior of light receiving surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for condensing type solar power generation module.    USE -   For condensing type solar power generation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   A condensing scale factor is enhanced and light optical utilization efficiency is obtained by the provision of medium between light receiving surface and diffraction surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains condensing type solar power generation apparatus. (4) Light receiving surface; (5) Medium; (6) Light receiving apparatus; (7) Diffraction surface.
NOVELTY - A crystalline Si thin film photoelectric conversion layer (112) is sandwiched between an N-type and P-type layers (111,113), respectively in the photoelectric conversion unit (11). The N-type layer is formed by plasma CVD technique. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrode (10) and photoelectric conversion unit are formed on the glass substrate. A pair of metal layers and transparent conducting oxide layers (101-103) configures the electrode. The oxide layer (103) is mainly made of zinc oxide. The conducting oxide layer (103) is formed by sputtering, vacuum deposition or CVD technique at 100- 450 C. The mean diameter of the crystal grains in the oxide layer is set more than or equals to 100 nm. The specific resistance is set below 1.510-3 ohm-cm and thickness of the oxide layer is set between 50 nm-1 m.    USE -   In crystalline silicon group tandem-die type thin film photoelectric converter used for solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces cost and obtains high performance by forming photoelectric conversion unit at low temperature by plasma-CVD technique. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of photoelectric converter. (10) Electrode; (11) Photoelectric conversion unit; (101-103) Transparent conducting oxide layers; (111,113) N-type and P-type layers; (112) Photoelectric conversion layer.
NOVELTY - The wave power machine is housed in a transportable casing, which contains an electricity generator with a clock-type mechanism of gears and springs. The machine can be carried by boat and then floated in the sea and tied to the boat or quay when the boat is moored.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - None given.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram representing the wave power machine.
NOVELTY - A chimney-like heat-insulated and double-walled device with round cross-section for generating electrical energy by using waste heat or solar energy in the form of warm water, warm air, waste gases from firing plants or by simultaneous use of wind force has in the round inner cross- section of the device, several turbine wheels (20) lying above one another which are set into rotation by warm upwards flow. In the outer edge of the turbine wheel (21) which joins the individual turbine blades together, field magnets are embedded at certain distances. With rotation these generate direct current in copper wire windings that are mounted directly outside the inner cross-section in a cold air shaft (23).    USE - None given    ADVANTAGE - Eco-friendly and effective conversion of industrial heat into electrical energy.
No information given.
NOVELTY - The solar cell device is assembled from a number of solar sub-cells (2) which are connected in series, formed in a semiconductor wafer (1), with slots (14) formed in the latter for defining the individual solar sub-cells, mechanically coupled together by narrow bridging sections (12) at the wafer edge.    USE - The solar cell device provides an electrical operating voltage for incorporation in a satellite, a small consumer item, e.g. a wrist watch or pocket calculator, or a portable calculator or mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell device has a reduced manufacturing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for manufacture of a solar cell device is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic perspective view of a solar cell device.    Semiconductor wafer (1)    Solar sub-cells (2)    Bridging sections (12)    Slots (14)
NOVELTY - The device is made using long wire sections which are subsequently segmented.    USE - Manufacture of thermoelectric converter generating sufficient supply for low consumption devices, such as transistor radio receiver.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies process of mfr. of thermocouples when connected together in series.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thermoelectric converter is formed from a series of transverse alternating wire sections (12,14) made of two different electroconducting materials. These are connected at their ends by longitudinal wire sections (16,18). This is achieved by laying two longitudinal wires on to the ends of the transverse sections (12,14), and soldering the longitudinal wires on to the ends of the sections. The longitudinal wires are then cut into sections (16,18), thus leaving a number of thermocouple joints connected together in series. The assembly may be formed on a band of insulating material forming the substrate for the assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the multiple thermocouple joints assembled on common substrate.
NOVELTY - The three thermo-resistance values Ri, Ro and Rm satisfy the relation Ri+Ro less than Rm less than 2(Ri+Ro), where `Rm' is the resistance value at maximum output of the module, `Ri' is the resistance value between a high temperature heat carrier and high temperature end face of the module, and `Ro' is the resistance value between a low temperature end face of the module and cooling medium. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high temperature heat carrying medium flows through an inner pipe (14) which is surrounded by an outer pipe (13) in an isolated manner. The module is placed between the inner and outer pipes and is adhered to the pipes via the cooling medium.    USE -   For exhaust heat electrical power generating device which uses gas exhausted from incinerator, internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases temperature gradient of both end faces of module, thus increasing electricity generation output. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of the thermoelectric conversion module. (13) Outer pipe; (14) Inner pipe.
NOVELTY - The lens condenses the solar light on the solar battery cell (10) which performs photoelectric conversion of the solar light. The optical conductor (11) of the shape of cone trapezoid of large diameter forms as light receiving end face (11a) near the focus of the lens and is fixed to the surface of the solar cell. The output extraction is formed in the shape of comb.    USE -   For electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Degradation in connection reliability is reduced by simplifying electric connection structure of solar battery cell by preventing unnecessary thermo-diffusion and hence increases photoelectric conversion efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional view of the condensing type solar generation apparatus. (10) Solar battery cell; (11) Optical conductor; (11a) Light receiving end face.
NOVELTY - An identification mark (102) for identifying position or classification of output terminal (106) is formed on the light receiving surface. The output terminal of anode and/or cathode is recognized using the mark. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: installation procedure of solar battery; solar battery manufacturing method    USE -   For roof mounted solar battery module used in buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   As the electrode terminal is identified easily, battery installation time is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory view of the roof mounted solar battery module. (102) Identification mark; (106) Output terminal.
NOVELTY - Solar battery module (101) has a photovoltaic cell (102) bonded to the backside gusset plate (106). The two edges of backside gusset plate are bent at 180 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module installation method.    USE -   For solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Even when a frame is not used the strength of the module does not reduce. Construction installation can be performed simply and easily. Offers solar battery module excellent in long-term reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery module. (101) Solar battery module; (102) Photovoltaic cell; (106) Backside gusset plate.
NOVELTY - I group element, III group element and VI group elements are respectively supplied from a Cu target (31), a Cu/Ga target (32), an In target (33) and vapor deposition source (34). The vapor deposition source supplies elements chosen out of Se and S.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing apparatus of compound semiconductor thin film.    USE -   Used for forming I-III-VI group compound semiconductor thin film used for thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Composition control is easy and reproducibility is good. The film with VI group elements is not damaged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-section of compound semiconductor thin film manufacturing apparatus. (31) Cu target; (32) Cu/Ga target; (33) In target; (34) Vapor deposition source.
NOVELTY - A polycrystalline silicon fine particle is deposited on a heat resistant substrate (11). A silicon thin film of thickness 3-30 m is formed on the substrate. The silicon film is heated and recrystallized so as increase mean diameter of silicon crystal.    USE -   For forming polycrystalline silicon thin film used for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Materializes highly efficient and inexpensive solar battery by reduced raw material consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a schematic diagram of silicon thin film deposition apparatus. (11) Heat resistant substrate.
NOVELTY - Solar batteries (12a-12d) are arranged on the upper and lower sides and right and left sides of cylindrical support (11). The direction detector (10) traces sun's path and performs correction of elevation and vectorial angles of corresponding batteries.    USE -   For maintaining installation angle of solar panels.    ADVANTAGE -   Enhances electricity generation efficiency, by enabling automatic and accurate directional control of solar panels. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of installation angle maintenance device. (10) Direction detector; (11) Cylindrical support; (12a-12d) Solar batteries.
NOVELTY - A wheel (12) is adapted to be submerged in a liquid so that a pressure differential is established across the height of the wheel. A number of generating units (24) each comprise a variable volume container having a movable wall portion for containing a compressible liquid (Q). The rotation of the wheel causes the pressure exerted on each unit to vary, which creates movement of the wall that can be converted to electrical energy.    USE - For the generation of electricity using a wheel submerged in a liquid.    ADVANTAGE - The dynamo or alternator is rotated in the same direction irrespective of the direction of movement of the piston. The number of generating units and gear wheels can be varied as required to achieve the desired output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the apparatus used in the invention.    Wheel (12)    Generating units (24)    Compressible liquid (Q)
NOVELTY - The solar cell arrangement has at least one solar cell (1), a transparent cover mounted on the front of the solar cell and a cooling body (5) mounted on the rear of the solar cell that carriers a coolant flow. The cooling body consists of a lamella with a number of corrugations forming regions or channels through which coolant flows. Each of the channels is bound directly onto the solar cell with the open sides.    USE - For generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Is simple to manufacture, enables a good cooling effect to be achieved and is widely applicable as a result of its dimensions and weight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic, partially sectional, representation of the front of the solar cell arrangement.    Solar cells (1)    Cooling body (5)
NOVELTY - The generator system (10) uses a cylinder (12) with an internal bore extending between the opposed ends. Fluid inlets and outlets are fitted to both the top and bottom of the cylinder, and are controlled by two valves. A piston is fitted internally to the cylinder, and connects to a shaft. The piston is connected to a shaft which in turn is connected to an electrical generator (108). The generator translates the movement of the piston onto electrical energy.    USE - Emergency power generation system using a domestic water supply.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides an emergency source of electrical power that does not rely on a finite fuel source, such as petrol or gas, but on water pressure. This means that the generator could produce power in an emergency situation indefinitely.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic top plan view of the power generator.    Emergency power generation system (10)    Cylinder with internal bore (12)    Electrical generator (108)
NOVELTY - The system includes a pressure sensing structure e.g. a pressure transducer (10) or a combination of movable magnet and coil positioned below water level. The structure is at a location (20) to register changes in the height of the water (18,19). Electricity is produced corresponding to changes in the force of gravity associated with the changes of water height. One arrangement uses piezoelectric pressure transducers to convert the change in stress to output voltage. A transfer medium is connected to storage batteries (14) or an electrical load on shore.    USE - Provides an improved method of converting wave energy into electrical power.    ADVANTAGE - Energy is produced on the sea bed, possibly buried in the sand, where it is protected from radical currents and attack by sea life, offering a relatively maintenance free energy source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross section of ocean beach with wave energy transfer system.    Transducer (10)    Storage batteries (14)    Different heights of water (18,19)    Sea bed location (20)
NOVELTY - The position marker or buoy (1) which floats in water, comprises an elongated tubular body (3) with flotation unit (4) at the upper end. The floatation unit has a conical portion directed downwards. The lower part (5) of the tubular body is open and the upper part (7) narrows to an upper opening (8). The space (10) has an opening (11) to allow rain or ripples of water to escape. A light (12a) and/or diode lamps (12b) illuminate a water jet which is directed upwards from the upper opening. The light produced may be colored. Movement of the buoy on wave causes the jet and the light is lit only when a powerful water jet is produced and the diode lamps are lit only when smaller jets are produced. Solar cells or a turbo-generator energized by the jet may be used to power the lights.    USE - May mark shipping lanes, draw attention to advertising, gain wave energy, oxygenate water or provide a decorative fountain.    ADVANTAGE - Proves a self illuminating buoy with illumination switched on by jet of water providing visibility day and night.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal section of the position marker or buoy.    Buoy (1)    Body (3)    Flotation unit (4)    Lower part (5)    Upper part (7)    Upper opening (8)    Space (10)    Opening (11)    Light (12a)    Diode lamps (12b)
NOVELTY - A substrate (16) is bonded to the entire surface of a mirrored glass (12) having small radius of curvature, highly reflective and non-wavy specular surface. The substrate is bonded to the mirrored glass using glass adhesive (18) made of silicone resin. The substrate is bonded to a support structure (20) which maintains the radius of curvature of mirrored glass, using adhesive (22).    USE - In solar photovoltaic concentrator system.    ADVANTAGE - Has low mass per unit area and higher optical qualities. Achieves protection of reflective surfaces from space environment. The reflective surface is resistive to impact by foreign bodies such as meteorite or other structural impact. The reflector facet can be used in the form of facet tiles so that if one tile is broken, effect on optical performance of entire facet is minimized. Low distortion over range of temperature is achieved due to matching composite materials and their fiber orientation with glass to minimize thermal stress.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The substrate has a smooth surface for bonding to the mirrored glass so that no pattern print is formed on the surface of the mirrored glass. The substrate has a thermal expansion coefficient similar to mirrored glass so that changes in temperature does not cause the substrate to alter the curvature of mirrored glass. The thickness of mirrored glass is in the range of 0.002-0.010 inches and that substrate is 0.031- 0.015 inches. The substrate is formed from fiber glass material having silicone based resin.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic cross-section of reflector facet.    Mirrored glass (12)    Substrate (16)    Glass adhesive (18)    Support structure (20)    Adhesive (22)
NOVELTY - A load estimation unit estimates the load of a combustion furnace, based on balanced temperature value and oxygen density. The ratio of air consumed by waste during combustion in combustion space, is estimated based on the balanced temperature value and oxygen density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The combustion furnace has a combustion space where air is supplied in two steps, and changes the mixed proportion of air and fuel generated by burning waste. A temperature sensor (47) measures the temperature of each combustion space. A balanced temperature measuring unit estimates subsequent balanced temperature based on the time passage obtained from the log of temperature. The oxygen density of combustion chamber exit is measured by a measuring unit. Based on temperature and density, air is supplied and warmed to generate fuel. An isolator separates metal debris from the fluid.    USE -   For municipal waste combustion equipment.    ADVANTAGE -   Irrespective of variation of waste composition, load of combustion furnace is estimated reliably. Recovery of metal is achieved due to separation of metal from the fuel generated by waste combustion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of municipal waste combustion equipment. (47) Temperature sensor.
NOVELTY - Desalination of a scum is performed with water obtained from tank (7) to remove chlorine partially. Scum is received from a separator (6) which separates the decomposed waste into gas and scum. The waste is decomposed into raw material waste in reaction container (4).    USE -   For waste treatment of plant for treating municipal waste etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need for installing any separate anticorrosion device, since the washing tank removes and hence raises processing efficiency. Enables freedom of choice of material, since corrosive chlorine is removed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the waste treatment installation. (4) Reaction container; (6) Separator; (7) Tank.
NOVELTY - The heat energy at an exhaust manifold (2) and a catalyst (3) is converted into electricity by thermoelements (4,5) and a capacitor (6) is charged. The temperature of an engine room is detected by a sensor (9) continuously. As the temperature crosses a set value the electricity charged in the capacitor is reversed and the exhaust manifold is cooled by thermoelement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature of the catalyst inlet port is monitored by a sensor. As the temperature is found to be less than the set value, the electricity charged in the capacitor is reversed by the thermoelement which converts into heat energy thereby heating the catalyst.    USE -   To cool an exhaust tube of internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE -   Saves electrical energy as the heat of exhaust is converted by charging the capacitor for reversing to cool the rear of the exhaust manifold or heat the catalyst when required. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the engine room schematic diagram equipped with the exhaust tube cooling system. (2) Exhaust manifold; (3) Catalyst; (4,5) Thermoelements; (6) Capacitor; (9) Temperature sensor.
NOVELTY - A heat collection panel (2) consists of several heat carrier pipes (42) attached to cover plates (41) of several heat collection boards (4). Both ends of the heat carrier pipes which project from the cover plate are connected to the holes (51) provided on header pipes (5) arranged on both sides of the heat collection board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat carrier pipe is inserted in a groove provided in the cover plate of the heat collection board.    USE -   In hybrid solar module which produces heat and electricity by attaching a heat collection panel to the back side of a solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   By connecting both ends of the heat carrier pipe to the holes provided on the header pipe the multiple heat carrier pipes are easily attachable to the header pipes. The heat carrier pipes are arranged in an identical plane on the heat collection boards enabling easy attachment of the panel to the back side of the solar battery module. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded perspective view of a hybrid solar module. (2) Heat collection panel; (4) Heat collection board; (5) Header pipe; (41) Cover plate; (42) Heat carrier plate; (51) Holes.
NOVELTY - The solar generator includes solar cells (5) and a carrier structure (1) which comprises a honeycomb kernel (2) lying between a lower and an upper cover (3a, 3b). Resonators are integrated into and/or coupled to the carrier structure. The resonators are preferably Helmholz resonators which are formed through a foil (4) and cavities (28) in the honeycomb kernel.    USE - solar collector panels in space satellites    ADVANTAGE - Reduces stress and/or danger to components through sound pressure, while keeping weight of arrangement low.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an arrangement according to the invention.    carrier structure (1)    honeycomb kernel (2)    lower and upper cover (3a, 3b)    foil (4)    cavities (28)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric sensor (15) is arranged to receive light (in)directly from the same radiation source as the solar generator (11). The current flowing from the latter to the inverter (14), or a magniture representing the current, is picked-up by a measuring appts. (16). The output signals of The sensor and measuring appts. are coupled to a fault detecting stage (17) which transmits a fault signal, when the sensor output signal (E) exceeds a preset threshold (Eo), and the current (I), measured by the appts. is below a preset threshold (Io).    USE - For fault monitoring with solar installations.    ADVANTAGE - Independent operation from solar generator and inverter, thus detecting disruptions not recognised by the inverter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for detecting a fault in the generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block circuit of the invention solar installation    sensor (15)    solar generator (11)    inverter (14)    measuring appts. (16)    fault detecting stage (17)    sensor output signal (E)    signal threshold (Eo)    measured current (I)    current threshold (Io)
NOVELTY - The protection system (1) deflects the direct radiation part, passing through it, by total reflection. The translucent system is swivellable about an axis (3) and so orientated with respect to the radiation impingement (S) and to the translucent facade section (window) (F) that the radiation impinges orthogonally onto the top side (D) of the system. The shaded region, caused by the system covers the translucent facade section. The rear side (R) of the system has a surface structure, through which the radiation emerges orthogonally from the system to be concentrated onto spaced solar collector region.    USE - For utilizing the protection system simultaneously for building shading and solar radiation concentration for solar energy conversion.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced ambient light level together with loss-free solar radiation concentration onto collector region.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows alternative cross-sectional presentations and schematic optical structures.    protection system (1)    axis (3)    radiation impingement (S)    window (F)    system top side (O)    system rear side (R)
No information given.
NOVELTY - Solar-battery cells (5) are laminated sequentially and are distributed on the module base (1) via an insulating film (3). Module base is made into reverse convex shape and has recess on both sides. The recessed portion is bonded to the sub-base (2). Circumference surface of solar battery and module base are covered by covering material (6).    USE -   For calculator, wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   Since single-crystal silicon solar battery is used, reduction in weight is obtained. Process is simple because structure is not provided with frame material on peripheral portion and hence solar battery module manufactured at low cost and having high heat release capability is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery module. (1) Module base; (2) Sub- base; (3) Insulating film; (5) Solar-battery cells; (6) Covering material.
NOVELTY - The solar battery cells are arranged in series and connected electrically. The terminal box is provided to the back side of the module for taking out output cable for electrical connection. The by-pass diode is connected between the output leads of the battery within the box. A part of the metal lid of the terminal box is made to contact heat release surface of the by-pass diode.    USE -   For solar battery modules.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature rise of the terminal box and by-pass diode is suppressed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional view of the terminal box fixed to the back side of the solar battery module.
NOVELTY - The width of a parallel plate electrode arranged opposite to the base for introducing high frequency electric power, the pressure in the discharge space, base temperature and raw material gas flow rate are set such that predetermined condition is satisfied.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fine crystal i semiconductor layer is formed on the surface of a base placed in a discharge space to which film forming gas and high frequency electric power are introduced and plasma is made to occur. A non-mono crystal primary conductivity type semiconductor layer, amorphous i type semiconductor layer, fine crystal i type semiconductor layer, fine crystal secondary conductivity type semiconductor layer are formed sequentially on a conductive base conveyed in a longitudinal direction.    USE -   For calculator, wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses reduction of conversion efficiency in base edge in large area photovoltaic cell, by forming fine crystal i type semiconductor layer of uniform characteristics. Produces uniform and good photovoltaic cell with sufficient yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of single cell continuous film forming apparatus.
NOVELTY - The X-ray diffraction intensity ratio of radiating light of one surface to another surface of the polycrystalline silicon layer is below 0.1. The metallic element concentration in polycrystalline silicon layer is in 1x10power19-10power22 atom/cm3 range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photoelectric converter manufacture.    USE -   Used for solar batteries, photosensor, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces cost of construction due to inexpensive substrate. Forms optical barrier at low temperature. Promotes crystallization effect due to crystal orientation of silicon layer resulting in increase of element conversion efficiency of solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of photoelectric converter.
NOVELTY - A non-permeability cover coated with non- reflective black at inner and outer surfaces, covers a raise start sensor. Longitudinal slits are formed on the cover. A non- conductor cover (20) coated with non-reflective black at inner surface, is provided on base of the raise start sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A tracking apparatus is provided with a lens at front opening. A main sensor provided outwardly directs the tracking apparatus along solar light direction. The raise start sensor detects solar position and starts raising the apparatus. A rear sensor (25) behind the apparatus detects brightness of sky.    USE -   For automatic tracking of solar light.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides apparatus that is operated correctly and is used safely. Improves endurance and accuracy by using main sensor and by setting light receiving angle of sensor element. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of raise start sensor in automatic solar light tracking apparatus. (20) Cover; (25)Rear sensor.
NOVELTY - The apparatus (10) uses vertical ducts each with an air chamber on it where an impulse turbine and an electric power generator are installed. The apparatus uses L-shaped ducts and floats with the latter each having a vertical square pillar and a vertical rear half cylinder attached, fixed onto the horizontal duct. The front mooring (60) comprises of a forked chain (61), weight (63), chains (64,66) and anchor (67).    USE - For providing a mooring type high performance wave power generating apparatus generating economical electric power for use in an island or on shore from wave power.    ADVANTAGE - Requires low mooring force to keep the apparatus on an offshore, while converting wave power efficiently to electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure of a general perspective view of the wave generator.    Apparatus (10)    Front mooring (60)    Forked chain (61)    Weight (63)    Chains (64,66)    Anchor (67)
NOVELTY - The barrier opening device has a digital counter, and preferably at least four keys (3,4,5,6) and a digital display (2). The device comprises preferably its own electric power supply consisting of a battery, a rechargeable battery, and/or a solar cell. The device includes preferably an arrangement for the reception of signals and data from an electronic receiver and from an electronic computer, and an arrangement for the transmission of stored data to the receiver and the computer.    USE - For barrier in public parking garage.    ADVANTAGE - Provides modernized arrangement which enables simplified use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of the opener.    digital display (2)    keys (3, 4, 5, 6)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has thermal insulation enclosing the fuel cell and thermoelectric elements (4) integrated into the thermal insulation between its double walls (2,3). One contact for a thermoelectric element contacts one wall and the other contact contacts the other wall. Cooling fins (5) can be attached to the outside of the thermal insulation    USE - High temp. fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables excessive heat to be used for an additional current supply in a partic. advantageous manner using thermoelectric elements.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a fuel cell    fuel cell stack (1)    walls (2,3)    thermoelectric elements (4)    cooling fins (5).
NOVELTY - Energy source is in the form of a thermoelectric converter having a semiconductor module (2) arranged between two heat conducting plates. The outer plate complete with heat exchanger is maintained at ambient room temperature, while the inner plate is at the liquid gas temperature. The thermoelectric energy is supplied to a temporary energy store, which supplies the level indicator.    USE - Gas level indicator for portable gas tanks.    ADVANTAGE - Current level indicators use an external battery power source. In order to maintain safe operation of, for example breathing apparatus, external batteries must be changed regularly which is costly and time consuming. By using a thermoelectric converter the need for an external power source is obviated as it obtained from the gas to ambient temperature difference.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cold face of the converter is transgressed by the gas supply tube (3) and a boost converter (9) is arranged between the thermoelectric converter and the temporary energy store (capacitor).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a schematic view of a thermoelectrical energy source for a liquid level indicator    gas supply tube (3)    semiconductor module (2)    boost converter (9)    temporary power store (7)    level indicator (8)
NOVELTY - A receiver (14) has a center support stem and a top in the shape of an anvil, which is inclined with respect to the support. Photovoltaic cells are provided in the support and the top. A power conditioner connected to the receiver receives power from it and conditions the power for subsequent use.    USE - For a solar power plant.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the need for expensive derricks for suspending hot spot cylindrical receivers above expensive high quality mirrors since the power conditioner is connected to the receiver. Captures solar rays efficiently since the receiver can be moved about in and out of the hemispheric solar reflector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The receiver receives reflected solar energy and produces power. The receiver is movably connected to a hemispheric solar reflector (12). The photovoltaic cells provided in the support and the top of the receiver are 20 to 1 concentrator cells. Water captured by the solar reflector is collected by a water collector. A guidance system (18) controllably moves the receiver around the reflector. The power conditioner connected to the receiver is a solid state or rotary inverter to convert DC power from the photovoltaic cells to synchronous AC power. The power conditioner stores power in the form of reversible fuel cells, hydrogen generation, compressed air storage or inertial flywheel storage. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of constructing a hemispheric moving focus power plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the hemispheric moving focus power plant.    Solar reflector (12)    Receiver (14)    Guidance system (18)
NOVELTY - A 1 mm thick glass or fused silica cover glass (26) is secured by optically transparent adhesive (28) to a photovoltaic transducer sensitive to visible and near infrared radiation. It has a planar face with antireflection coating receiving incident radiation and has a peripheral beveled edge forming a mirror surface and making the cover frustoconical.    USE - Photovoltaic cells for use in satellites.    ADVANTAGE - Cover provides combined function of light concentration and radiation protection. Concentration ratio of 4.5 and wide tracking angle permit heavier payloads.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred features: The mirror surface is coated with at least 70 nm of reflective aluminum (42) covered with a protective silicon oxide coating.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of a solar cell concentrating cover glass combination.    housing (24)    photovoltaic cell (25)    concentrating cover glass (26)    transparent optical adhesive (28)    upper/lower surfaces (30,32)    peripheral mirror surface (38)    solar cell active area (40)    reflective metal film (42)
NOVELTY - The tailwater from the low temperature drain of very low temperature absorption refrigeration plant is passed to cool solar battery for its warm up and which also increases its power generation efficiency.    USE -   For warming up cooled drain from refrigeration plant of cold storage of agricultural products and also for cooling solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Serves for double purpose, of both warming the drain and cooling the battery which promotes refrigeration efficiency and also increases power generation efficiency of solar battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cooling module arrangement in solar battery package.
NOVELTY - Hot water from hot sprint and cold water from river are passed through mutually opposing hot water and cold water flow path (22,26) respectively, using difference in gradient. One end of a thermoelectric element (24) is thermally connected to hot water path, while the other end is thermally connected to cold water path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric power generation method.    USE -   For electricity generation using waste heat from machines such as engine, electric water heater, hot and cold water mixing device etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electricity generation efficiency since fresh hot and cold water are used. The difference of elevation is used therefore pump is not needed. The flow direction of hot and cold water is different therefore the entire flow path have same temperature gradient which improves generation efficiency. Fins are provided to the sides of thermoelectric element therefore fluid flow is smooth and heat condition to thermoelectric element is also high, thus generation efficiency is improved prevents temperature reduction of hot water and temperature rise of cold water by providing heat insulation unit and hence power generation is performed efficiently. Prevents inhibition of heat conduction to thermoelectric element by air bubble. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross section of the temperature gradient electrical power generating device. (22,26) Hot and cold water flow path; (24) Thermoelectric element.
NOVELTY - The frame includes assembled cross pieces (6) of required length, in which a solar battery module is fixed by a fitting. Multiple couplings combine small `C' shaped vertical pieces (4) and the cross piece upto required length. A longitudinal coupling (5) couples the cross piece with the vertical piece. A coupling (3) fixes the vertical pieces with a roof (2).    USE -   For roof material solar battery module in buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves construction, reliability and efficiency, by avoiding on-site assembling. Offers leak proof to roof, by choosing both with better size head for fixing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows fixed condition of solar battery module in roof. (2) Roof; (3) Coupling; (4) Vertical pieces; (5) Longitudinal coupling; (6) Cross piece.
NOVELTY - Spreading area of waves is controlled by side channels. Spreading of waves is regulated so that wave pass through side channels (6) of main channel (4) and reaches target area (2).    USE -   For tidal power plant and for marine cultivation.    ADVANTAGE -   Spreading of various waves can be regulated depending on the frequency of wave and hence efficient power generation is offered. By controlled waves, cultivation area is formed stably and hence stabilizes quality of marine products. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of tidal spreading regulator. (2) Target area; (4) Main channel; (6) Side channels.
The system comprises a reverse osmosis membrane pipe which is installed in a deep vertical hole dug up from sea level. The sea water under the natural sea water pressure passes into the reverse osmosis membrane and is converted into fresh water. The fresh water so formed is collected in the underground reservoir and pumped to the top pond when the top pond is not full. When the top pond is full, using the top pond as a head, the fresh water is made to fall and the hydroelectricity is generated.    USE -   The system is used for generating electricity and supplying fresh water converting sea water and salt lake.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs electricity generation and fresh water supply with one system. Conserves energy by using natural pressure of sea water for reverse osmosis. Reduces cost of construction for hydraulic power generation, by forming vertical hole.
A reflection-preventing film (RPF) contains multi-reflection-preventing layers on a transparent base material. At least one of the reflection-preventing layers is prepared by exposing the coated film of composition to UV-rays. The composition contains (A) metal alkoxide or its hydrolysate, (B) a UV-ray-reactive metal alkoxide compound of formula M(R1)m(R2)n(OR3)p (I), (C) other UV ray-reactive compound than (B) and (D) organic solvent. M = metal; O = oxygen atom; R1 = UV ray-reactive gp., i.e., vinyl, isopropenyl, allyl, acryloyl or methacryloyl; R2 = 1-4C aliphatic hydrocarbon; R3 = 1-4C aliphatic hydrocarbon or H; m+n+p = q; q = atomic value of the metal; m, p = (q-1) or less and 1 or more; n = (q-1) or less and 1 or more; m, n, p = positive integer.    USE -   The RPF is useful for a solar battery, a solar water-warming equipment, a liquid crystal image-display equipment, CRT, PDP and window of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The RPF has high strength, high hardness, good adhesiveness to a base material, high uniformity, good transparency and good durability. The film can be formed at low temps. in a short time without affecting a human body or objects with heat or electron beam. The refractive index can be freely controlled.
NOVELTY - A solar cell has several solar panels (2) joined together. A reflector plate (6) which is expandable and retractable is provided around the periphery of the panel.    USE -   In solar battery paddle for use in satellite.    ADVANTAGE -   The amount of light receiving is enlarged without increasing the area of solar cell, thereby achieving electrical energy efficiency and size reduction. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows expanded view of paddle, plan of folded position of reflector plate and the sectional view of optical path. (2) Solar panels; (6) Reflector plate.
NOVELTY - The thermoelectric converting substance consists mainly of a substance expressed by a chemical formula of CoSbxQy, where x=2.7-3.4, y=0-0.4 and x+y is greater than 3, and containing oxygen in an amount z of 2(x+y-3)at mostz, wherein Q is an element of Group 4A selected from Sn and Ge. Pref. the amount of oxygen is not higher than 0.1 molecules/1 molecule of Co.    USE - A thermoelectric converting substance useful as a p-type semiconductor material in a thermoelectric converting module.    ADVANTAGE - The substance has a high performance over a wide temp. range, has a high electric conductivity and can readily be stably sintered with a small variation in chemical composition at low cost.
NOVELTY - The solar power station has a number of parabolic reflectors (1) which are connected together to form an amplification system which can be axially rotated and vertically pivoted, either individually or collectively, into optimal solar energy/signal reception positions. A solar power supply system connected to the parabolic reflectors can optionally have an auxiliary receiver (11) for SETI, or search for extraterrestrial intelligence.    USE - For solar power acquisition and storage.    ADVANTAGE - Enables cost-effective and environmentally friendly power generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a glass fiber reception and cable system for acquiring light waves for energy recovery and storage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a solar power station with a SETI device    Parabolic reflectors (1)    Auxiliary receiver (11)
NOVELTY - An upper cell (12) composed of an n+ and a p+ layer, and a lower cell (14) composed of n- and p+ layers are stacked together. The upper cell has a larger band gap than the lower cell. The lower cell has cathodes (26) and anodes (28) connected to its n+ and p+ layers respectively. The anodes act as the counterpart of the upper electrode (18) of the upper cell. Minority carriers appearing in the lower cell are withdrawn by the electrodes in the cell.    USE - Solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The solar battery has the most suitable thickness in terms of photoelectric efficiency, and reduced carrier recombination loss.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the solar battery.    upper cell (12)    lower cell (14)    upper electrode (18)    cathodes (26)    anodes (28)
NOVELTY - Device (13) comprises: (a) interference filter for passing a lower wavelength portion of thermal energy; (b) substrate (20) having a graded layer (25) and a buffer layer (26)on one surface supporting a p-n junction, including a contact (21) on the substrate electrodes to produce an electric potential in response to the transmitted thermal energy; and (c) plasma filter in the graded layers or substrate for reflecting incident thermal energy which is not converted to an electric potential.    USE - Thermovoltaic energy conversion devices.    ADVANTAGE - Parasitic absorption of unusable energy is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a device including a plasma substrate semiconductor filter for reflecting incident radiation which is outside the usable energy spectrum.    filter device (13)    substrate (20)    metal contact electrode (21)    p-type layer (22)    n-type layer (23)    metal contact electrode (24)    graded layer (25)    buffer layer (26)
NOVELTY - Multiple blades (65) projects out from rigid blade support frame mounted onto floating hub (64) coupled to floating shaft (54) by end caps (63). The frame comprises U- shaped metal bracket whose legs are fixed to bars screwed to blades. Each bracket is mounted on flanges of adaptors (74) fixed to hub.    USE - For hydroelectric power generator installed near oceans for generation of power from waves.    ADVANTAGE - Provides non-polluting power supply system which is environment friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hub is rotated only in one direction by clutch. Each blade is flat and comprises outer flange portions projecting perpendicularly from edges of blade. In power generating system, multiple turbine rotors are connected axially to floating shafts.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of floating turbine rotor.    Floating shaft (54)    End caps (63)    Floating hub (64)    Blades (65)    Adaptors (74)
NOVELTY - The vertical cylinder (17) extending from a liquid reservoir is provided with upper and lower valves (27,30). Each of the two valves remain open when the other is closed so that when lower valve which is below the liquid level of reservoir is open, a vacuum is created within cylinder thus preventing the escape of liquid from cylinder.    USE - To rotate electric generators and other devices.    ADVANTAGE - The motor is simple in construction, highly efficient. The motor does not require continuous source of fluid, external power source and does not create waster by-products.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the entire structure of motor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic front view of motor.    Vertical cylinder (17)    Upper and lower valves (27,30)
NOVELTY - The chain drive comprising driver and driven wheels (11,20) is positioned underneath the floating platform (1). The flywheel (24) and the generator (21) are connected to either ends of the driven shaft (23). Downward depression of the support pillar (3) imparts a rotary swing to the driver wheel by means of the claw and crank pins (6,10) arrangement, thereby generating electricity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The chain drive is characterized by the constraint of the tension spring (16) and the stopper pin and stopper plate (12,13) combination that restore the driver wheel to its original angular configuration subsequent to the pulse and limit the rotary swing during the pulse duration. Typically these short duration pulses are caused by the vehicular traffic passing over the platform.    USE -   If serves as an auxiliary power source available in situ along highways handling vehicular traffic.    ADVANTAGE -   It is pollution free, non invasive , consumes no non renewable resources and provides electrical power in a cost efficient manner. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of the platform and the drive modules underneath involved in electrical power generation. (1) Platform; (3) Support pillar; (6,10) Pins; (11,20) Driven wheels; (12,13) Stopper plates; (16) Spring; (24) Flywheel.
NOVELTY - Gaseous phase etching is done after which the photoelectric layer conversion surface is not exposed to atmosphere. A p-type semiconductor layer (106) is then formed on the photoelectric conversion layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thin silicon oxide film (116) is formed by oxidizing the n-type crystal silicon layer surface (104) using plasma. The crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion layer (105) formed on the oxide film (116), is exposed to air.    USE -   For solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the gaseous phase etching of the photoelectric conversion layer surface was performed before the formation of p-type semiconductor layer, an inexpensive silicon group thin film photoelectric converter can be manufactured efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the model perspective diagram explaining the manufacturing method of the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit for the thin film photoelectric conversion apparatus. (104) n-type crystal silicon layer surface; (105) Crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion layer; (106) P-type semiconductor layer; (116) Thin silicon oxide film.
NOVELTY - The short circuit photoelectric current in a component element of pin junction having fine crystal semiconductor in I layer is smaller than that of pin junction having amorphous semiconductor in I layer.    USE -   For limiting current in solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces changes in photoelectric conversion efficiency by prolonged photo-irradiation by using amorphous semiconductor in I layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the layer structure of lamination type photovoltaic cell.
NOVELTY - A crack generated in curdled cast (3) is detected by acoustic emission method and the position detected is filled with a coagulate silicon (2) which is dissolved above the cast in a casting mold (1).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for silicon cast manufacturing apparatus. An elastic wave sensor (12) detect the crack in the cast, a calculating device (14) calculates the generating position based on the elastic wave and a heat regulating device (16) maintains the dissolution of the cast. Based on the calculations of the elastic wave, heat is transferred from the upper portion of the silicon cast.    USE -   The polycrystalline silicon cast is used for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Silicon substrates without any cracks are obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of silicon cast manufacturing apparatus. (1) Casting mold; (2) Silicon coagulate; (3) Cast; (12) Elastic wave sensor; (14) Calculating device; (16) Heat regulating device.
NOVELTY - The mold (1) for casting polycrystalline silicon (4) for ingot (9) manufacture has a taper angle of 0.5 or more and a bottom mold plate (3) enlargement taper angle of 10 or less on the side wall (2). This enables reducing the coagulation purification time of silicon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The side wall of the mold can be detached from the bottom mold plate which has an elevator (5) attached to it. The side wall of the mold is fixed to the interior of a casting chamber and the bottom mold plate is made elevatable such that it moves in and out of the casting chamber. The chamber is maintained under reduced pressure of vacuum. A container (10) equipped with an electron gun (11) is provided in the chamber to melt polycrystalline silicon. Molten silicon is cast into the mold where electron beam (15) heats silicon to form a coagulate for ingot manufacture. A through-hole is provided below the upper end of the side wall and has a stopper to close the through-hole. Remaining molten silicon (14) after completion of casting of the ingot is pulled out from the mold through the through-hole and is collected in a container.    USE -   For ingot of solar batteries cast using high purity polycrystalline silicon.    ADVANTAGE -   Provision of taper angle in the side wall of the mold and provision for pulling out extra molten silicon metal remaining after completion of casting reduces the time taken for coagulation purification of polycrystalline silicon. Therefore, high purity silicon used for a solar battery is manufactured cheaply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross- section of the silicon casting mold during coagulation of silicon and during removal of ingot from the mold. (1) Mold; (2) Side wall; (3) Bottom mold plate; (4) Casting polycrystalline silicon; (5) Elevator; (9) Ingot; (10) Container; (11) Electron gun; (14) Remaining molten silicon; (15) Electron beam.
NOVELTY - A strip (4) has one end (5) joined to edge (1A) of solar battery (1) and a projection (6) which projects to exterior edge of solar battery. The inner side of strip has a serrated notch (9) which coincides with corner (1B) of battery.    USE -   For attaching solar battery in roof of motor cars.    ADVANTAGE -   The structure enables simple and speedy attachment as projections extends towards exterior edge of solar battery. The structure enables reducing the wind cut-off sound. The structure enables performing attachment of solar battery roof upper surface of car at any time without doing a special process. The structure enables reducing air resistance reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory sectional view of strip shaped attachment structure. (1) Solar battery; (1A) Edge; (1B) Corner; (4) Strip; (5) End; (6) Projection; (9) Serrated notch.
NOVELTY - The backing ceramic block (1) is provided with a linear slot, a center marker (4). The center marker is constituted from the surface opposing to the back side of a welding groove along the width of the backing block. When the backing block is sunk under water, it is covered in the coating layer which forms an air film.    USE -   Used for welding in locations such as cargo handling plant, a marine stockpile base, a bridge tidal wave power plant, ceramic manufacturing used for underwater repair and maintenance work, petroleum production facility, storage plant, ocean airport, submerged tunnel and sea pasture.    ADVANTAGE -   Forms a concavo-convex center mark without ink for welding with formation of water repellent coating layer on the surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an isometric view showing the shape of a backing block with center marker. (1) Backing ceramic block; (4) Center marker.
NOVELTY - The outer frusto-conical jacket guides the solar radiation to orthogonally impinge into aligned modules. At right angle to the inner, third part, a straight cone, reflects the horizontal radiation vertically to the solar bell where the radiation appears in optimum angle. The middle part, a parabola-shaped, cross-sectionally arched mirror concentrates the vertically impinging radiation onto the round solar cell. The straight inner cone serves also as holder for air cooling tubes at is peak.    USE - For reflective concentration of solar radiation onto round solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Improved design concerning low cost, irradiation ratios, and air cooling.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an overall view of the invention.
NOVELTY - A solar panel collector system is comprised of a series of modular components which can be installed as required to meet the conditions at the location in question. The panels are self-supporting with a solar surface of preferably foam glass. The glass has hatched lines and the surface pores are sealed, providing a surface which provides an efficient solar energy absorber.    USE - Modular solar power collector in kit form.    ADVANTAGE - The solar array may be adapted to make optimum use of the available space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The panel foam glass is supplied as a web of material which is cut to the desired length and width, and which is bonded to the supporting frame by an adhesive. The panel acts as both a solar heat collector, and a collector of photovoltaic electrical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of the basic solar panel.    Solar energy absorber (8)    Panels (12)    Photovoltaic energy collector (16)
The present invention discloses a method for directly converting heat energy into electric energy and its differential temp. thermoelectric converter designed by said method.    It is characterized by that several identical thermocouple units are series-connected, and combined into a plate-type thermocouple unit group plate, then an internal circuit of power supply is formed by using the above-mentioned thermocouple unit group plate, and the high-temp. connector of every thermocouple unit is positioned in high-temp. region, and low-temp. connector is positioned in low-temp. region, and the total electrodynamic potential of thermocouple group is equal to the sum of all thermocouple unit electrodynamic potentials.    ADVANTAGE -   It can highly-effectively convert the heat energy into electric energy.
NOVELTY - The wind direction response mechanism of blades which does not need a wind direction follow-up by a windmill main body and is high in responsiveness is structured so that it converts a directional change of a wind direction supporting tail unit into the directional change of the blades. The mechanism is incorporated in a blade supporting arm to protect it and simplify the windmill and disposed to each blade for compactness, and windmill functions are expanded so that they can meet the requirements for increased revolution speed of the windmill.    USE - for using wind force energy.    ADVANTAGE - Effectively utilizes wind force energy by rotating its blades as a convenient and highly efficient windmill.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In addition, deviated optimum settings of blade directions provide those technologies which increase the performance and scope of application of the windmill such as a speed control method to reduce torque and a blade direction resetting method.
NOVELTY - The system comprises a turbine (34) and generator (35) combined as a turbogenerator and a cryogenic fuel stored in a tank (33). A power electronics system (32) regulates the output of the turbo-alternator to give a fixed voltage and frequency. A heat exchanger (37,38) is arranged to cool the generator and/or the electronics system by absorbing waste heat from the turbo-alternator and using this to change the phase of the stored fuel e.g. liquid natural gas (LNG) to provide a gaseous fuel for use in the turbine. In an alternative arrangement the electrical generation may comprise a fuel cell. The efficiency of the electronics system is increased by operating at the cryogenic temperatures present during the phase change of the fuel.    USE - Provides an improved or at least alternative electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Utilizes cooling or refrigeration power in cryogenic liquid fuel e.g. liquid natural gas (LNG) to increase efficiency of system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a gas turbine and alternator based electricity generating system in which a cryogenic liquid fuel is used to cool the power electronics system associated with the turbo-alternator system.    Electronics system (32)    Tank (33)    Turbine (34)    Generator (35)    Heat exchanger (37,38)
NOVELTY - A return channel (34) leads a condensed alkali metal from a condenser towards the hot end of the cell so that the condensed alkali metal will be evaporate into a high-pressure zone. The return channel includes a graded capillary structure (48). The pore size in the low-temperature region of the capillary structure is larger than the pore size in high-temperature region of the capillary structure.    USE - AMTEC cell.    ADVANTAGE - Sustains flow of alkali metal over wide range of alkali metal vapor pressures while minimizing pressure drop working fluid traveling along capillary structure. Ensures quick, reliable and cost effective formation of capillary structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A return channel (34) is connected to a condenser and an evaporator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of a return channel with a graded capillary structure.    Return channel (34)    Graded capillary structure (48)
NOVELTY - A multilayered body consisting of an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) lamination portion (2), solar battery cell arrangement portion (3), back film feed zone (4), module lamination portion (5), sealing resin paint cloth portion (6) and resin curved portion (7), is subjected to aging. Then, the multilayered body is sealed after full cross-linking and hardening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module manufacturing apparatus.    USE - USE For manufacturing solar battery module used in residences and various consumer applications.    ADVANTAGE - ADVANTAGE The sequence of steps involved in solar battery module manufacture, ensures reliable mass production. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows production process diagram of solar battery module. (2) Lamination portion; (3) Module arrangement portion; (4) Feed zone; (5) Lamination portion; (7) Curved portion.
NOVELTY - Several photovoltaic cells of different characteristic attributes are combined to form photovoltaic cell module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar battery module.    USE -   Used to convert solar energy to direct electric power.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces variation in characteristic attribute of photovoltaic cell module, thereby improving yield. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of the photovoltaic cell module.
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic cell consists of two types of collector electrodes having flat light incidence surfaces with different mean value of resistance per unit length. One electrode has cross unit along the direction of another electrode having small mean value of resistance per unit length. The positional dependence is given by maximum operating voltage.    USE -   In solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the cross unit is along direction of collector electrode having small mean value of resistance, maximum operating voltage can be reduced towards cross unit without reducing conversion efficiency. Enables high operating voltage for solar battery module.
NOVELTY - A layer of single crystal semiconductor which functions as photovoltaic cell is formed on a substrate. Above the layer, a transparent electrode (301) is formed. The layer with electrode can be removed from that substrate and joined to another substrate.    USE -   For manufacturing solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the layer above substrate can be changed, the substrate can be reused a number of times. Improves yield and photoelectric conversion efficiently. Good quality thin solar panel of large area can be produced cheaply as the necessity of using additional substrate is avoided. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of solar battery. (301) Transparent electrode.
NOVELTY - The unit has two hermetically sealable pressure containers (1,2) interconnected by pipelines (18,19), using facilities (7,9) for a heat supply to one container and for cooling the other container. A high pressure pipeline (19) leads to the pressure side of a working machine (11), arranged inside the second container, which opens on the outflow side, against the inner chamber of the pressure of the second container and which is coupled with a current generator (12) also in the container.    USE - Converts low temperature heat in to electric power. Temperature drop power plant e.g. hot surface water of tropical sea and colder deep water.    ADVANTAGE - Heat is made available with relatively low temperature, and is convertible with adequate high efficiency in a closed working circuit process in to electric power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Also, at the second container, an operating medium exchange element is arranged, which communicates with the inner chamber of the first container over the first pipeline. In addition, control and current lines (15,16,17) are led out pressure tight from the second container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of two pressure containers.    Pressure containers (1,2)    Facilities (7,9)    Working machine (11)    Current generator (12)    Control and current lines (15,16,17)    Connecting pipelines (18,19)
NOVELTY - Sol-gel process for depositing a metal oxide layer on a substrate comprises irradiating the sol layer on the substrate with ultraviolet (UV) radiation before gel formation by heat treatment.    USE - The process can be used to deposit layers of tin oxide (SnO2), fluorine-, arsenic- or antimony-doped SnO2 or tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) on glass, organic polymer, ceramic, glass-ceramic or silicon substrates, optionally followed by layers of dielectric materials, especially titanium or zirconium oxides or silicon oxides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides or nitrides, in the manufacture of electrodes or conductor elements, antistatic coatings, electromagnetic shielding, heated windscreens, emissive displays (e.g. plasma displays or tactile screens) or photovoltaic cells.    ADVANTAGE - UV irradiation destabilizes complexes formed between metal oxide precursors and chelating agents used to form the sol, resulting in controlled prepolymerization and facilitating the formation of discontinuous/embossed metal oxide layers using masking techniques.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for depositing a continuous or discontinuous metal oxide layer on a substrate, especially a transparent substrate, comprises:    (1) preparing a sol from at least one metal oxide precursor, at least one chelating agent/stabilizer and optionally at least one solvent and/or dopant precursor,    (2) depositing a layer of the sol on at least part of one side of the substrate,    (3) irradiating at least part of the sol layer with UV radiation, and    (4) heat treating at least the part of the sol layer that has been UV-irradiated.
NOVELTY - The generator (10) includes a thermoelectric module (12), which has a hot face (14) having a heat transfer plate (19) in contact with a heat source (18) and a cold face (16) in contact with heat sink (20). Some of the connections within the thermoelectric module can be thermal joints. The module generates an electrical charge in response to a thermal gradient.    USE - For heating, cooling, temperature stabilisation, power generation and temperature sensing for e.g. a waste or byproduct heat source found in vehicles, industrial plants.    ADVANTAGE - The thermoelectric module provides higher efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a thermoelectric module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic representation of a thermoelectric generator.    Thermoelectric generator (10)    Thermoelectric module (12)    Heat source (18)    Transfer plate (19)    Heat sink (20)
NOVELTY - A case (202) includes an anode (206) and a cathode (220) which is a wire grid having wires in two transverse directions. Two charge focussing rings (228,230) placed between the cathode and the anode, direct electrons emitted by the cathode towards anode. The cathode and the anode are separated by 4 microns to 5 cm.    USE - For converting heat energy to electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The space between the cathode and the anode facilitates less heat to be conveyed to the anode. The coolant source requires low coolant demand arrangement. Provides removal of energy from electrons just before striking the anode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross section of the thermionic electric converter.    Case (202)    Anode (206)    Cathode (220)    Charge focussing rings (228,230)
NOVELTY - A thermo-emissive plaque (P) is connected to the earth's surface (S) through a conductor (W). The thermo-emissive material is heated to emit electrons into the surrounding air, thus drawing replacement electrons from the earth's surface through the conductor to the thermo-emissive material.    USE - For generating current and power using earth's electric field.    ADVANTAGE - Increases the total voltage available for producing electricity when the thermat is placed high above the earth's surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the current generating apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the current generating system.    Thermo-emissive plague (P)    Earth's surface (S)    Conductor (W)
NOVELTY - Thermophotovoltaic cell assembly for electric power generation has an IR emitter and low bandgap photovoltaic cells located above a hydrocarbon fuel combustion chamber.    USE - The apparatus can be used to generate heat, light and electric power safely, efficiently and quietly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The generator comprises a converter assembly, a cooling fan for providing an updraft from beneath the assembly, a hydrocarbon fuel supply with flow control, and a housing. The fuel supply includes an injector cup, a burner and a combustion fan for generating an updraft into a combustion chamber. An IR emitter around the combustion chamber provides radiation to a photovoltaic cell receiver. Cooling fins are provided on the receiver and the combustion gases are vented through a chimney. The IR emitter preferably includes a cobalt oxide-doped magnesium oxide layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a thermophotovoltaic generator.    Combustion chamber (5)    IR emitter (7)    Photovoltaic cell receiver (9)    Filters (22)    Photovoltaic cells (23)    Fuel injector cup (11)    Fuel source (15)    Radial cooling fins (27)    Housing (29)    Chimney (31)    Light emitting mantle (45)
NOVELTY - A light emitting diode (LED) consisting of a III- V group compound semiconductor and a solar battery element are formed on a same silicon substrate.    USE -   For traffic signals utilizing non-conversional energy source.    ADVANTAGE -   The power developer in the solar battery is directly fed to the LED internally, without requiring external source, which promotes energy conservation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the element structure of photoelectric conversion type light emitting device.
An n-type semiconductor layer and a p-type semiconductor layer are laminated and further, a transparent electrode layer is laminated on the n-type semiconductor layer side, and a metallic electrode layer is laminated on the p-type semiconductor layer side to form a composite laminate. Light input from the transparent electrode layer side is converted into a current by the n-type and p-type semiconductor layers and the metallic electrode layer is functions as an anode and the transparent electrode layer is functioned as a negative electrode. In a so formed solar cell, a composite oxide layer represented by a composition formula of (Ti1- x Fex ) Oy, (where x = 0.02 - 0.35 atom ratio and y = 1.5 - 2.0 atom ratio), and having an amorphous texture is incorporated and laminated in an average layer thickness of 0.1 - 5. micron to provide an electricity storage power.    ADVANTAGE -   Various apparatus are reduced in size and weight.
NOVELTY - Based on amount of heat applied to boiler, amount of water supply to the boiler is controlled.    USE -   For controlling steam pressure, water level and amount of vapor generated in boilers of refuse incinerator.    ADVANTAGE -   Electric power is stabilized even when steam from boiler is utilized for electricity generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of refuse incinerator with waste heat boiler.
NOVELTY - The solar array comprises a number of cells (12) separated by gaps (23). Kapton (RTM) insulation (20) adhesive is present between the conductive substrate and the cells and also between the gaps of cells, including part insulation of greater than 10 mm between series connected cells. Exposed surfaces of the solar cells are covered with glass. A spiral interconnection pattern, with diode protection from reverse current, is used to wire the array.    USE - The solar array is used for spacecraft e.g. satellite in geosynchronous orbit.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cells are less susceptible to damage from discharge and also power output loss is minimized due to protection diodes, prohibiting reverse current through a shorted cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the use of an insulating barrier between cells.    solar cells (12)    insulating barrier (20)    gaps (23)
NOVELTY - The solar cells (3) are produced in modules that are individually mounted in frames (2) that can be located on a flexible surface (1). The modules are electrically interconnected by conductors (12). Electrical power take off is provided by a pair of conductors (14,15).    USE - Solar energy collection.    ADVANTAGE - Flexibility in layout of solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Perspective view of panel.    mounting surface (1)    mounting frames (2)    solar cell modules (3)    conductors (12,14,15)
NOVELTY - The generation device provides electrical energy using the force provided by stationary or moving traffic, people, or animals on a flexible rubber mat installed in a road surface or path using dynamometers positioned beneath the mat, or using a hydraulic principle with hydraulic circuits beneath the mat, compressed by the applied force.    USE - The generation device is used for generating electrical energy from the forces acting on the surface of a road or path.    ADVANTAGE - The generation device provides direct current generation from the force applied to a road or path surface.
NOVELTY - The device has a heat storage device with at least one flow pipe for a heat transport medium (2.1) onto which the solar radiation is focussed via a hollow mirror (1) and a photovoltaic device using a strip of solar cells (4) applied to part of the inside surface of the mirror receiving the solar radiation. One flow pipe section (2') lies in contact with the part of the mirror provided with the solar cell strip. A second pipe section (2'') extends parallel to the mirror axis at a given distance from its front face.    USE - The device is used for converting solar energy into heat and electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The device is compact to allow easy transportation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of a solar energy conversion device.    Hollow mirror (1)    First flow pipe section (2')    Second flow pipe section (2'')    Heat transfer medium (2.1)    Solar cells (4)
NOVELTY - A light collecting body has a solar energy collecting surface (11) oriented for receiving solar energy in a nominal direction defining a nominal light source direction. Uses panels (12) spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the nominal light source direction and each has an active surface oriented on the body at an angle less than 90 degrees relative to the source direction.    USE - For providing high efficiency photovoltaic cells by using solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - Solar energy is enhanced and redirected onto solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The light collecting body is transmissive for redirecting light received on the collecting surface onto the panel active surfaces.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar module.    The photovoltaic panels (5)    The solar energy collector (11)    Panels (12)
NOVELTY - Thermoelectric elements (111) are surrounded by a frame (119), which has a heat-absorbing plate (112) fixed on one side and a heat-radiating plate (118) fixed on the other side. A heat-conducting shock absorber (121) is filled or placed between the thermoelectric elements (111) and the heat-absorbing plate (112) or the heat-radiating plate (118), so that the thermoelectric elements (111) are integrated into a unit structure. Electrodes (114a) at the extreme ends of the thermoelectric elements (111) connected in series are connected to heat-absorbing plate (112) and heat-radiating plate (118) to form a device for producing electromotive force.    USE - As thermoelectric unit.    ADVANTAGE - Has a structure of good thermal conduction efficiency, which prevents thermoelectric elements from damage due to external forces and facilitates the connection of its output with timepiece movements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENTS CLAIM is provided for a timepiece using it.
NOVELTY - An evaporator (38) which corresponds to the high-pressure zone (26) of a chamber (14), is coupled to a condenser (32) via a return channel (34). A temperature gradient is spanned and varied on the evaporator surface to regulate the evaporation front position of an alkali metal within a predetermined range from the evaporator end to a position displaced from the other evaporator end towards the return channel.    USE - Applicable to control alkali metal evaporation front position in a cell evaporator.    ADVANTAGE - Enables displacing the evaporation front of the alkali metal to the location of optimum temperature within the evaporator. Improves power conversion process of AMTEC cell over the broad range of thermal and electrical operating conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The condenser which corresponds to the low-pressure zone (24) of the chamber, performs the condensation of the alkali metal vapor transfer from a solid electrolyte structure (28) to the low-pressure zone. The return channel is coupled to the condenser, to direct the condensed alkali metal from the condenser to the hot end of the AMTEC cell (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the partial cross-section of an AMTEC cell.    AMTEC cell (10)    Chamber (14)    Low-pressure zone (24)    High-pressure zone (26)    Solid electrolyte structure (28)    Condenser (32)    Return channel (34)    Evaporator (38)
NOVELTY - The power generated from the hydraulic pressure produced undersea is converted to electrical energy by the pistons provided inside gas chamber (D).    USE -   For power generation from deep sea pressure.    ADVANTAGE -   Since electricity is generated from hydraulic pressure exerted by sea water which is a resource available in plenty, limitations of thermal and nuclear power stations are eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the generator. (D) Gas chamber.
NOVELTY - If the accelerator opening exceeds a predetermined value, the engine control unit (16) outputs control signal. Based on the signal, controller (15) controls flow regulating valve (13) to make accelerator opening below the predetermined level.    USE -   In motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the accelerator opening is brought below the maximum limit before any temperature rise, damage to device is prevented and electricity generation is stabilized. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the exhaust heat electrical power generator. (13) Flow regulating valve; (15) Controller; (16) Engine control unit.
NOVELTY - A fire-proof supporting plate (1) has a mounting surface (1a) and side wall sections (1b). The solar panel (2) with air voids (2c) is mounted on the plate. Intermediate frame (3) with projecting eaves is provided between plate and solar panel.    USE -   For roof mounted solar panel installed in buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Backside portion of a solar battery is cooled by providing air void. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of integrated solar panel. (1) Fire-proof supporting plate; (1a) Mounting surface; (1b) Side wall section; (2) Solar panel; (3) Intermediate frame.
NOVELTY - The cement tile (1) is obtained by performing carbonation process of cement hardened body.    USE -   For mounting solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Corrosion of glass surface of solar battery is prevented by using the cement tile, thereby durability of solar battery is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the roofing tile with solar battery. (1) Cement tile.
NOVELTY - When electric current is passed into the electrometric analysis bath (1001) containing a board (1002) and electrode, an oxide film is formed on the board and acts as a dielectric material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the electrometric analysis apparatus.    USE -   For manufacturing photoelectric cell of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Film is formed uniformly on the board by electrometric analysis.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The diagram shows the outline of electrometric analysis tank. (1001) Electrometric analysis bath; (1002) Board.
NOVELTY - A conductive layer (2A) which acts as base containing amorphous alloy, is formed on reverse side of an optical absorption layer (3) containing I-III-VI group compound semiconductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photovoltaic apparatus manufacturing method.    USE -   In photovoltaic apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves photoelectric conversion efficiency and thermal stability since spreading length of optical carrier is long when crystal effect in absorption layer is decreased. Reduces crystallization of amorphous alloy, since orientation of I-IV group compound semiconductor is high. The safety is increased since toxic substance is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of conductive layer arrangement of photovoltaic apparatus. (2A) Conductive layer; (3) Optical absorption layer.
NOVELTY - The corrugated solar collector panel defines an enclosed space with a building surface (10). A flat surface is defined by each of at least some of the panel corrugations (17). Each flat surface faces in the general direction of the sun during at least a portion of the daylight hours. At least part of the panel has several uniformly distributed apertures and includes at least a portion of the flat surfaces of the corrugations. Several flat photovoltaic cells (20) are mounted to the corrugations at the flat surfaces where the latter contain the apertures. The photovoltaic cells are supported parallel with and next to but spaced apart from the flat surfaces, leaving air passages (23) between the cells and the panel so air can enter and leave the enclosed space by flowing through the air passages and along the undersides of the photovoltaic cells.    USE - For converting solar energy into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - Removes excess heat build-up from the photovoltaic cells, increasing solar cell lifetime.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also given for a building using the solar collector panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar heat absorbing panel mounted on a roof.    Building surface (10)    Panel corrugations (17)    Photovoltaic cells (20)    Air passages (23)
NOVELTY - A vehicle sun-roof solar panel has an adhesive joint between a plastic-framed transparent cover pane (1) and an interior panel edge sheet (3).    USE - As a vehicle sun-roof solar panel.    ADVANTAGE - The adhesive bonded joint avoids contact between the interior edge sheet and the solar cell assembly and facilitates manufacture of the panel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar panel of an openable vehicle roof has a plastic-framed transparent cover pane (1), an interior panel edge sheet (3) and a solar cell assembly (9) extending on the pane interior side to near the pane edges, the novelty being that the interior edge sheet is fixed by adhesive to the combination of the cover pane (1) and the plastic frame (2). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of producing the above solar panel. Preferred Features: The plastic frame (2) may have cavities for holding electronic components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the edge region of a solar roof panel according to the invention.    Cover pane (1)    Plastic frame (2)    Interior edge sheet (3)    Solar cell assembly (9)
NOVELTY - The system has a frame adapted to rotate within which an arcuate chamber (60) is formed that has a ball (58) disposed within it which is freely movable within the chamber but shiftable in an arcuate path along the chamber in response to rotation of the frame. A piezoelectric stack (62) or biomorph partially extends into the chamber at each end so that they contact the mass as it moves from one end to the other and generate electricity.    USE - For mounting either inside automotive tires or outside on their rims for maintaining optimum tire pressure and generating electricity for use by on-board instruments.    ADVANTAGE - Light weight, simple construction which is easily installed, not requiring any mechanical modification of the axle or its supporting elements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The chamber has a radius of curvature and is positioned in the frame so that the rotation of the frame at any rotational speeds results in a locally rotating gravity vector acting on the mass and causing a resonant oscillation of the mass within the chamber. The system may also have a pump or piston positioned at each end of the chamber which are connected to the tire.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A sectional view of one embodiment of the electricity generating system.    Ball (58)    Arcuate chamber (60)    Piezoelectric stack (62)
NOVELTY - A condenser lens (5) is arranged opposing the solar battery (4). A controller (2) controls motor drive circuits (22,23), which performs relative displacement of the lens. A position detector detects the installation position of the power generator (1), based on the focal position of the condenser lens.    USE -   For automatic detection of installation position of power generator of condensing type solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the motor operation is controlled, the position measurement operation of electricity generator is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire component block diagram of condensing type solar battery. (1) Power generator; (2) Controller; (4) Solar battery; (5) Condenser lens; (22,23) Motor drive circuits.
NOVELTY - Placement of tube ends, barrier plates (22) and barrier rings (25) are done to allow water from each tube to a penetration layer (19) selectively. Amount of water forced into each layer is controlled by a control valve (33). Steam produced by the heat of rocks is collected by individual pipes at the other end and used for generation of electricity by generator (32). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Water pipes (26) are passed through a casing (21) into the injection well (7) made into the hot rocks. The installation consists of a water pumping system pumping water individually through each penetration layer with facility to control the amount of water through each pipe and a steam recovery system with pipes facing the individual ends of the penetration layer. The amount of steam in each pipe can be controlled by the control of inlet water in the corresponding inlet pipes.    USE -   For generation of electric power from high temperature rocks.    ADVANTAGE -   By controlling water forced through penetration layer, the generation of steam and inturn generation of power is controlled. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of high temperature rock power generation apparatus. (7) Injection well; (19) Penetration layer; (21) Casing; (22) Barrier plates; (25) Barrier rings; (26) Water pipes; (32) Generator; (33) Control valve.
NOVELTY - An U-shaped float (16) is attached to wave pump (10). Two pipes are connected to the legs of U-shaped float. A non-return valve is attached to the lower end of variation pipe. Depending on the vertical motion of the float, the non-return valve is opened and closed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An hydroelectric generator (5) is interposed between upper tank (2) and lower tank (3). The water from the U-shaped floats is passed to the upper tank (2) through pipe (9).    USE -   For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   As overflow pipe is provided to upper tank, the water from the upper pipe is exhausted when large amount of water is pumped to upper tank. A clean pumping system which pumps water from lower tank to upper tank using the energy of wave is secured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electricity generation system by wave pump. (2) Upper tank; (3) Lower tank; (5) Hydroelectric generator; (9) Pipe; (10) Wave pump; (16) U-shaped float.
NOVELTY - Connection piece on rear side of solar battery module (4) is inserted into opening of support rail (2). The connection piece is clamped within the opening using a constraint unit with connection accepting section.    USE -   For fixing solar battery module on roof of building for solar water heater.    ADVANTAGE -   The fixing structure excels in versatility, workability and reliability. Since excessive stress in solar battery module is prevented and firm fixing of lighting element is enabled. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective diagram of construction of roof panel. (2) Support rail; (4) Solar battery module.
NOVELTY - A roller (1000) contacting a long rectangular sheet on which oxide film is to be deposited serves as float potential or independent potential.    USE -   For depositing uniform oxide layer on a long rectangular board or a web, hoop, coil, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the roller which contacts the long rectangular board acts as an independent potential, unevenness in the thickness of zinc oxide film is not generated. Hence a uniform oxide film gives a solar battery with uniform characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the composition of making a roller in float potential. (1000) Roller.
NOVELTY - The metallic element which encourages crystallisation of silicon gas is introduced into reaction chamber (101). Then, fine crystal silicon film is formed by plasma crystal vapor deposition (CVD).    USE -   For solar battery and thin film transistor manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   As metallic element enhancing crystallisation of silicon gas is used, the film forming velocity is made quick and quality is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plasma CVD apparatus. (101) Reaction chamber.
NOVELTY - A flexible substrate (S) is conveyed parallel to the flat surface of a heater (H) provided in a film forming chamber (V). A thin film is formed on a film forming area of substrate by sputtering of sputter electrodes (Eh,Ee) installed opposite to the heater. Before conveyance of the substrate parallel to the heater (H), a preheater (Rh) heats the substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin film forming apparatus.    USE -   Used in manufacture of electrode for thin film solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves dependability of the product and manufacturing yield. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional drawing of thin film forming apparatus. (Eh,Ee) Sputter electrodes; (H) Heater; (Rh) Preheater; (S)Substrate; (V) Film forming chamber.
NOVELTY - An apparatus comprises a platform (2) formed from precast concrete sections and having internal voids (4) to provide buoyancy. Guide legs or anchoring columns (8) made from concrete or steel and secured to the concrete footings (10), are situated near each corner of the platform. The guide legs are arranged to be slidable through the bore (6) enabling the platform to move up and down with the tidal level.    USE - Can be used to convert tidal movement into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - There are fewer constraints and environmental considerations upon the positioning of the platform, which does not need to be anchored to the shore and therefore can be placed at any location where there is a suitable tidal range. The platforms can be constructed on a very large scale and are capable of generating very large amounts of electricity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - As the buoyant platform rises with the tide, the driving arm (32) moves the end (26a) of the lever arm (26) upwards such that the other end (26b) pivots downwards about the fulcrum point (28). The movement of the lever arm is translated through the two connecting arms (22,24) to the eccentric rotational driving shaft to rotate. The relative slow rotation of the driving shaft (20) is amplified through a train of gears to drive the electricity generator (16). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of generating electrical energy from the tidal movement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional elevation through part of the apparatus.    Buoyancy platform (2)    Internal voids (4)    Guide legs (8)    Concrete footings (10)    Electricity generator (16)    Drive shaft (20)    Connecting arms (22,24)    Lever arm and ends (26,26a,26b)    Fulcrum point (28)    Driving arm (32)
NOVELTY - The device includes a thermoelectric generator (101), a solar generator (103), a switching device (104) for delivering at least one at electric power generated by the thermoelectric generator and electric power generated by the solar generator. An electrical storage device (105) is charged by output from the switching device. An electronic device (106) body circuit that is powered by the electrical storage device.    USE - In electronic wristwatches, portable communications devices, and domestic electrical appliances and, more particularly, to electronic devices fitted with power generators.    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses decreases in the electric power stored in an electric storage device of an electronic device having a thermoelectric generator    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a block diagram of an electronic wristwatch fitted with power generators in accordance with the present invention.    thermoelectric generator (101)    solar generator (103)    switching device (104)    electrical storage device (105)    electronic device (106)
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic module has a number of concentrators (17-1,17-2,17-3,..) each having an incidence plane (1) and a reflection plane (2) and photodetectors (5) in contact with respective concentrators. Each concentrator has a different effect on incident light angled to the right of the surface normal and incident light angled to the left of the surface normal.    USE - The photovoltaic module is used as a roof tile for generating electricity from incident solar radiation.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic module is designed for converting sunlight into electrical energy throughout the year.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for an installation method for a photovoltaic module is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic cross-section through a photovoltaic module.    Concentrator incidence plane (1)    Concentrator reflection plane (2)    Photodetectors (5)    Concentrators (17-1,17-2,17-3,..)
NOVELTY - The apparatus includes an insect trap with an inlet for entering of insects. A gas source is capable of providing gas having a temperature above ambient temperature. An attractant exhaust system coupled is to the CO2 gas source. The attractant exhaust system cools heated CO2 gas and releases an insect attractant that consists of the cooled CO2 gas near the trap inlet at a temperature above ambient temperature and below approximately 115oF.    USE - The invention relates to methods and apparatus for attracting and trapping or otherwise disabling insects, and, in particular, to a counter flow device that introduces CO2, gas and then cools the CO2 gas for use as an insect attractant in an outflow from the trap.    ADVANTAGE - Allows the apparatus to be easily transported to a selected position out of doors while it may generate all the electrical power it needs to operate continuously and virtually unattended for an entire month on a single, standard 20-pound tank of liquid propane fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A HV insulated conductor connects the piezo generator to a ceramic-insulated electrode (94) mounted through the combustion chamber cover plate (70). Pressing push-button (88) provides a single spark intended to ignite the propane-air fuel mixture within combustion chamber. A thermoelectric generator includes an array of four bismuth-telluride thermoelectric modules (102) that are connected in series parallel. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for: a method of trapping insects.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates details of a suction trap, an electric power generating system and CO2 generating system.    suction fan (38)    burner (56)    exhaust fan (64)    combustion chamber cover plate (70)    push-button (88)    ceramic-insulated electrode (94)    bismuth-telluride thermoelectric modules (102)    heat sink (104)
NOVELTY - A transparent oxide electrode (12) is formed on the insulation substrate (10). A p-type semiconductor layer (18) and intrinsic semiconductor layer (22) with uneven surfaces are laminated sequentially over the electrode and covered by n-type semiconductor layer (24) with metal electrode (26).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for formation of rough intrinsic semiconductor layer structure.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Optical loss is reduced due to less scattering of uneven intrinsic semiconductor layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view showing the structure and manufacturing method of solar battery. (10) Insulation substrate; (12) Transparent oxide electrode; (18) p-type semiconductor layer; (22) Intrinsic semiconductor layer; (24) n-type semiconductor layer; (26) Metal electrode.
NOVELTY - The anode (1) is formed on semiconductor surface, over which a coating film (4) comprising of glass material, is applied. A coating film (5) having specific dopant is spread over the coating film (4) and cathode (8) formed on the substrate.    USE -   For manufacture of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   As the optical absorption layer of solar battery is large, conversion efficiency of battery is high.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts production procedure of solar battery. (1,8) Anode and cathode; (5,4) Coating films.
NOVELTY - The photoelectric conversion unit (1u) is held over the flat surface of adsorption table (32t). Heat bonding of protective film (12) is performed by rolling the heat roll (22k) made of elastic surface (22g) on one side with the photoelectric conversion unit (1u) flat surface made of rigid body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photoelectric conversion module manufacturing apparatus.    USE -   In photoelectric conversion module manufacture for optoelectric transducers such as solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Even if there is non-uniformity in base material thickness, welding pressure and temperature are stabilized and uniform bonding is performed, thereby improving manufacturing yield and reliability of photoelectric conversion module. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows photoelectric conversion module manufacturing apparatus and partially enlarged diagram of adsorption table along with heat roller. (1u) Photoelectric conversion unit; (12) Protective film; (22g) Elastic surface; (22k) Heat roll; (32t) Adsorption table.
NOVELTY - The impurity concentration on the contact portion of a multiple well layer and two different conductivity type semiconductor layers is reduced and increased, gradually along the thickness direction respectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Semiconductor layers of different conductivity type, and a multiple well layer are sequentially laminated on a semiconductor substrate. A barrier layer with a band gap and a well layer with a band gap smaller than that of barrier layer, are formed on the multiple well layer.    USE -   In the well layer of a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents carrier recombination in the multiplex quantum well layer, thus series resistance of the multiplex well layer is improved and output characteristic of the solar battery is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows impurity doping in the well layer of a solar battery.
NOVELTY - A lower electrode (2), optical electricity generation layer and an upper electrode are arranged sequentially on each cell element area of glass substrate. The electricity generation layer and upper electrode are shaped smaller than lower electrode whose periphery is shaped in the form of protrusions (3) to guide incident light to lower electrode.    USE -   In power generation using solar energy.    ADVANTAGE -   The protrusions at the periphery of upper electrode efficiently guides the incident light to lower electrode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a top view diagram of solar battery element. (2) Lower electrode; (3) Protrusions.
NOVELTY - A transparent thin film (1) is formed on the periphery of an amorphous silicon layer (4), a metal electrode layer (5) and a transparent electrode (3). The electrode provided with the silicon and the electrode layers is formed on the transparent electrode.    USE -   For enhancing photoelectric conversion efficiency of amorphous silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Utilization efficiency of incident light is enhanced which in-turn increases electric power and raises freedom on the design at the time of using a solar battery by forming transparent film appropriately on periphery of transparent electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of amorphous silicon solar battery. (1) Transparent thin film; (3) Transparent electrode; (4) Amorphous silicon layer; (5) Metal electrode layer.
NOVELTY - Several solar battery cells (3) are arranged on a suit (2) which a person wears. The solar battery cells are serially connected to electricity generation unit (4) of predetermined capacitance, provided in the suit.    USE -   For portable electronic machines.    ADVANTAGE -   Exchange of battery is not required. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front elevation of the portable solar battery. (2) Suit; (3) Battery cells; (4) Electricity generation unit.
NOVELTY - The heat released from the space craft is converted into electric power by a thermoelectric element (10) connected with an electric power controller arranged near the heat releasing surface (1a).    USE -   In solar battery of spacecraft.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the thermoelectric element is arranged near the heat releasing surface of spacecraft, size reduction of the solar battery and thereby the spacecraft, is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure represents the principal part expanded sectional view showing the electric power generation system of spacecraft. (1a) Heat releasing surface; (10) Thermoelectric element.
NOVELTY - An electrode provided on the semiconductor surface comprises a layer (112) containing a metallic oxide of excellent permeability and a layer (122) containing metallic element and excluding oxygen. A pad electrode (101) for wire bonding is formed on the second layer.    USE -   In optical semiconductor device, e.g. solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The optical semiconductor device has pad electrode which is excellent in optical utilization efficiency and hence enabling reliable protection against external forces such as heat shocks, etc..    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a sectional view of the optical semiconductor device. (101) Pad electrode; (112, 122) Layers.
NOVELTY - The cover glass which covers light receiving surface of solar battery module includes glasses (1) of two sheets laminated on both sides of resin (2) at different levels, and is bonded with flexible substrate.    USE -   For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Since cover glass is installed in the structure, the proportion of damage is reduced and penetration of rain water or dust can be prevented. Enables protection from ultraviolet and infrared rays and mechanical strength is made comparatively high. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structural drawing of cover glass for solar battery module. (1) Glass; (2) Resin.
NOVELTY - When the voltage of a storage battery (2) exceeds a predetermined voltage, the stop command signal (14) stops an invertor and a voltage control circuit (11) monitors and stops the electric feed to a load (4). The over discharge protective circuit stops the discharge when a discharge termination level is exceeded.    USE -   In solar power generation system for disaster prevention.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevention of disaster since the storage battery used in solar power generation system can be protected from over voltage and over discharge. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an example of a solar power generation system. (2) Storage battery; (4) Load; (11) Voltage control circuit; (14) Stop command signal.
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic cell (101) sealed with reinforcing material (107) by resin, has output terminals (108) inclined identically. The terminals which are not configured on identical flat surface at non-light receiving surface side, and has box-shaped part filled with filler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: manufacturing method of solar battery module; application method of solar battery module; solar battery electricity generation system    USE -   In solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Operativity of injection of sticking-on of output terminal and filler can be raised. Maintains sufficient waterproofness. Output terminal does not contact roof lining board even when a spacer is not provided during roof construction. Prevents wiring mistake of cable wiring during roof construction. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view and sectional view of light receiving surface side and its back side of solar battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (107) Reinforcing material; (108) Output terminal.
NOVELTY - A lead wire (9) is provided along the lengthwise direction of a copper laminated bus bar of a surface electrode. The solar battery elements are connected to the bus bar by the lead wire.    USE -   In solar battery apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   F.F and output characteristics are improved since a resistance loss is reduced, by connecting solar battery elements to the copper laminate by a lead wire. Thermal expansion due to welding of the lead wire which connects the copper laminated bus bar of a surface elevation by several places is reduced and curvature of cell is made small. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows solar battery apparatus. (9) Lead wire.
NOVELTY - Semiconductor material has a band gap larger than nitrogen mixed crystal compound semiconductor material which has desired band gap and 0.1% or more of nitrogen.    USE -   Lamination-type solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   High lamination type solar battery of conversion efficiency is obtained, since material used has band gap larger than that of nitrogen mixed crystal compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a structural view of lamination-type solar battery.
NOVELTY - Uneven-shaped structures are formed on the board (27) and also on the surface and rear of the semiconductor thin film provided on the board. The uneven-shaped structures are formed by tracing the uneven shape and growing them on semiconductor thin film, subsequently.    USE -   For manufacture of a photoelectric conversion element, e.g. solar battery or optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Since uneven-shaped structures are formed on the surface and rear of the semiconductor thin film, the necessity for lithography several times is reduced due to which manufacturing cost is reduced. Since the semiconductor film is thin, consumption of raw material is less.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the production of a solar battery. (27) Board.
NOVELTY - A flexible substrate of the photovoltaic cell (101) has deformable area on at least one portion of it. The value of distortion formed in this area is below the crack initiation critical value of photovoltaic cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: manufacturing method of solar battery module; application method of solar battery module; solar power generation system    USE -   In solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Since variation area which photovoltaic cell can deform accordingly becomes clear below crack-initiation critical value, the product development speed of variety of battery modules is improved greatly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top and sectional views of solar battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell.
NOVELTY - A surface electrode (8) is formed by applying and printing electrode material on a phosphorus glass layer (4) generated when N-layers (2) are formed on one main surface side of the P-type silicon substrate. A back side electrode (11) is formed on the other main surface side.    USE -   For solar battery element manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the surface electrode is formed without destroying N layers, current leakage is reduced and curvilinear factor and opening voltage are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacture of the solar battery element. (2) N layer; (4) Phosphorus glass layer; (8) Surface electrode; (11) Back side electrode.
NOVELTY - Circumference electrodes (F1,F2) are formed at position such that they do not oppose backside electrodes and capacitors are formed at respective surface of elongated flexible substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar battery elements are electrically connected in series via backside electrodes (E3,E4) on the surface of the substrate opposing the photoelectric conversion layer formation side. The circumference electrode and capacitor (Ca) are disconnected from the solar battery unit by disconnecting portion (1k).    USE -   In thin film solar battery formed on elongated flexible substrates.    ADVANTAGE -   Stable constant voltage in photoelectric conversion characterization is obtained. Reduced number of manufacturing processes are involved thereby reducing manufacturing cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows YY sectional view of optoelectric transducer based on thin film solar battery formation. (F1,F2) Circumference electrodes; (E3,E4) Backside electrodes; (Ca) Capacitor; (1k) Disconnecting portion.
NOVELTY - A Si barrier layer (101) is deposited on pores of support substrate (106). An insulating film (104) covers low resistance electrode pattern (108), with a p or n type dopant formed on barrier layer after heating wafer surface. Insulating film is removed selectively, and a reverse-type conductor layer (102) grown and bonded on the substrate using an adhesive (105).    USE -   For manufacturing peeling type thin film crystal solar battery, used as drive source for various apparatus, as main electric power supply for system connection.    ADVANTAGE -   The wafer reinforcing material can be recycled and used efficiently without wastage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery. (101) Si barrier layer; (106) Support substrate; (105) Electroconductive glue; (104) Insulating film.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen content in the metallic film (2) near the contact surface with a thin film polycrystal silicon semiconductor layer (3) is increased compared to other parts. The contact surface or boundary surface is the field region of n-(p-) layer and p+(n+) layer or the i-type semiconductor layer.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces defects near boundary surface by increasing hydrogen content. Increases opening voltage of the solar battery. Has good photoelectric conversion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar battery. (2) Metallic film; (3) Polycrystal silicon semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - The conductive paste consists of silver powder, glass powder, an organic carrier and an organic solvent as principal components, to which silver chloride is added.    USE -   The conductive paste is used in manufacture of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Though the dependence of the contact resistance opposing to antireflective coating is small and has a low contact resistance, the conductive paste suitable with heat resistance is provided. The examination of electrode formation corresponding to anti-reflective coating becomes unnecessary.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the section of the solar battery.
NOVELTY - The turbine housing (3) is conical in shape and the rotor (2) has a conical profile with the point facing downwards . The shaft (1) is vertical with the generator suspended above the turbine and driven through gears (7). Steam enters the bottom of the turbine directly from the bore holes    USE - Where saturated or high temperature steam is available from bore holes    ADVANTAGE - No heat exchanger required and steam purity not important    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section through a turbine to the present invention.    shaft (1)    rotor (2)    turbine housing (3)    gears (7)
NOVELTY - Power source for an electronic device includes a hot surface and a cold surface separated by a thermoelectric thick film with an intervening multilayer conductive stack for drawing current from the thermoelectric material.    USE - As a power supply for small devices including consumer electronics. A specific device is a wristwatch where the wearer's wrist constitutes the hot side.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A power-generating device for running an electrical component comprises: a substrate of diamond or other high thermal conductivity, high resistivity material in contact with a hot surface; a thermoelectric thick film in thermal contact with the substrate; and a multilayer stack, between the substrate and the thermoelectric material comprised of thermally and electrically conductive layers for supplying heat from the substrate to the thermoelectric material and drawing current from the thermoelectric material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the power supply device.    Diamond substrate (12')    Thermoelectric material of e.g., bismuth telluride (14)    Multilayer metallization stacks including a copper layer (11)
NOVELTY - A heat shield is coupled to the cell within a chamber in a low pressure zone to reduce radiative heat transfer between the hot and the cold ends of the cell. The heat shield is formed with folds to block the radiative heat transfer and create flow paths to allow passage of the alkali metal.    USE - The alkali metal thermal to electric conversion (AMTEC) cell is used to produce high current/low voltage power at high efficiency.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances the cell performance by lowering the radiative heat transfer between the heat input zone of the cell and the heat rejection zone of the cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cell (10) comprises:    (a) a chamber (14) with end caps (18,22) coupled to either end;    (b) a condenser (32) positioned within the chamber close to the first end cap, where the artery communicates with a low pressure zone to condense alkali metal vapor migrating through it from a solid electrolyte structure;    (c) an evaporator (38) in the chamber close to the second end cap to evaporate the condensed alkali metal into a high pressure zone;    (d) an artery (35) interconnecting the condenser, and the evaporator to direct condensed alkali metal from the condenser to the evaporator; and    (e) a heat shield (42) coupled to the cell within the volume in the low pressure zone to reduce radiative heat transfer between the hot and the cold ends of the cell, where the heat shield is formed with folds to block the radiative heat transfer and create flow paths to allow passage of the alkali metal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view in partial cross-section of an AMTEC cell with a heat shield in the low pressure zone.    Cell (10)    Chamber (14)    End caps (18,22)    Condenser (32)    Artery (35)    Evaporator (38)    Heat shield (42)
NOVELTY - The solar panel (7) is supported by a panel support stand (3) in an inclined manner. Support (4) is attached to edges (3a) of the stand via a hinge. Expandable and contractible damper (5) is attached to edges (3b) via a hinge (6).    USE -   For solar panels which has to withstand strong wind pressure on being installed on building roofs.    ADVANTAGE -   The solar panel withstands strong winds without getting dislodged or overturned as the expanding and contracting dampers change the inclination of the panel according to the wind pressure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the installation structure of the solar panel. (3) Support stand; (3a,3b) Edges; (4) Support; (5) Damper; (6) Hinge; (7) Solar panel.
NOVELTY - A light receiving section guides outside light to the light receiving surface of a photovoltaic cell. Preferably, the light receiving section is made of a transparent material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:a first-stage degradation; a solar battery module handling method.    USE -   For non-monocrystal solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   First-stage degradation of packing material can be evaluated without using large apparatus and large exposure field, thus manufacturing facility's cost can be reduced. Ensures accurate evaluation of quality of packed module, thus improving reliability of solar power generating apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of a solar battery module in a packed state.
NOVELTY - Non-light receiving surface side of the photovoltaic cell (101) is sealed with gusset plate (107) and covering materials (102,105) are provided for fixing this gusset plate. The non-light receiving surface side of the photovoltaic cell is equipped with shape retention portion (108). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Even when external load or pressure is applied to solar battery after installation, deformation is prevented. Workability is raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the solar battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (102,105) Covering materials; (107) Gusset plate; (108) Retention portion.
NOVELTY - The building roof with a solar battery (104) has a metallic reinforcing material which is connected to the ground.    USE -   For solar power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electric safety of solar power generator which used transformerless invertor connected to the system power circuit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of electrically safe solar power generator. (104) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - The two fine crystal semiconductor layers (103,105b) without impurity are formed by plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD). A n-type and p-type impurities are added to the above two layers respectively by heat processing in reaction chamber. An i-type element is injected into a pure amorphous silicon film (104) by glow discharge plasma generation in a reaction chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An amorphous silicon film (104) is formed on the fine crystal film (103) situated above an electrode (102). Another fine crystal layer (105a) without impurity is formed on the pure amorphous silicon film.    USE -   For manufacturing photoelectric conversion apparatus such as solar battery, image input sensor.    ADVANTAGE -    Simplifies plasma CVD apparatus as all the three film layers are formed in reaction chamber of CVD apparatus. A pin junction can be formed without using n type impurity element as n type and p type impurities are automatically injected by heat processing in a reaction chamber. Reduces production time and improves process capacity as all the three layers are formed from the same S1 H4 and H2gas and in several reaction chambers of plasma CVD apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of production procedure of photoelectric conversion apparatus. (103,105b) Fine crystal semiconductor layers; (104) Pure amorphous silicon film; (105a) Fine crystal layer.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a reverse conductive layer or a p type semiconductor layer (106) after performing gaseous phase etching on the surface of a photoelectric conversion layer (105), in which the etched surface is not exposed to air. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photoelectric conversion layer is formed after depositing an n type semiconductor layer which is not exposed to air. The photoelectric conversion layer covers the n type semiconductor layer.    USE -   For forming e.g. solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures inexpensive and efficient manufacture without reducing capability of silicon thin film photoelectric converter due to improvement of closing light effect within photoelectric conversion layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model perspective diagram for explaining the manufacture of the silicon thin film photoelectric converter. (105) Photoelectric conversion layer; (106) Reverse conductive layer or a p type semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming two fine crystal semiconductor films (103,105a) and an amorphous semiconductor film (104) using identical glow discharge plasma discharge generators provided in identical reaction chambers. A photoelectric conversion layer is formed on one fine crystal semiconductor film (103). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves forming the first fine crystal semiconductor film (103) without adding N or P type determination impurity. The second fine crystal semiconductor film (105a) is formed without adding N or P type determination impurity after forming the amorphous semiconductor film. P type determination impurity is then injected and heated into the fine crystal semiconductor film (105a) from the surface of an electrode (106) provided close to the fine crystal semiconductor film (105a).    USE -   For forming e.g. solar battery, image input sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Forms P and N type fine crystal silicon films and amorphous silicon films continuously with maintained glow discharge plasma and using simplified plasma-chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus. Forms pin junction without needing n type impurity. Improves process capacity in which gas introduction and discharge are unnecessary, and in which p and n type fine crystal silicon films and amorphous silicon films are formed simultaneously. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the photoelectric converter manufacture. (103,105a) Fine crystal semiconductor films; (104) Amorphous semiconductor film; (106) Electrode.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming two fine crystal semiconductor films (103,105a) and an amorphous semiconductor film (104) using identical glow discharge plasma discharge generators provided in identical reaction chambers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves forming a photoelectric conversion layer close to an electrode (102) on the insulated surface of a substrate (101). The first fine crystal semiconductor film (103) is formed without adding N or P type determination impurity. The second fine crystal semiconductor film (105a) is formed without adding N or P type determination impurity after forming the amorphous semiconductor film. P type determination impurity is then injected and heated into the fine crystal semiconductor film (105a) from the surface of another electrode (106) provided close to the fine crystal semiconductor film (105a).    USE -   For forming e.g. solar battery, image input sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Forms P and N type fine crystal silicon films and amorphous silicon films continuously with maintained glow discharge plasma and using simplified plasma-chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the photoelectric converter manufacture. (101) Substrate; (102,106) Electrodes; (103,105a) Fine crystal semiconductor films; (104) Amorphous semiconductor film.
NOVELTY - A removal roller (46) removes the filler adhered to the peeling sheet (41) provided between the upper surface of the laminated body and diaphragm. The peeling sheet is also provided between the undersurface of laminated body and heater board.    USE -   For manufacturing solar battery modules.    ADVANTAGE -   Soiling of laminated body is prevented as dissolved filler coming from the laminated body is removed by a roller. Lamination is performed continuously as the filler adhered to the peeling sheet is removed by a removal roller. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of a lamination apparatus. (41) Peeling sheet; (46) Removal roller.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor layer is formed of a compound with basic structure AxB1-xCD2, where A = Cu or Ag, B = S or Se or Te, C = Al or Ga or In, D = Li or Na or K, and x is such that 0x1. Another semiconductor layer with different conduction type and smaller band gap is laminated on a glass substrate (1).    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides favourable synizesis in terms of characteristic from stand point of environmental problem by excluding toxic cadmium from solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing is sectional view of the solar battery element using the junction layer. (1) Glass substrate.
NOVELTY - An alternative energy technology process comprises, in the short term, replacing shut-down nuclear or fuel-fired power station steam generators with gas turbines or gas direct steam generators and, in the long term, supplying process steam on-site from high temperature geothermal plants.    USE - For environment-friendly alternative energy production.    ADVANTAGE - The process allows reutilization of the steam generators of shut-down or off-stream nuclear power stations or coal-fired power stations for steam supply for safe and non-polluting energy production by a relatively quick and inexpensive retrofitting operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An alternative energy technology process for reutilization of steam power units after shut-down of nuclear reactors or firing units of fuel power stations comprises replacement of unacceptable fuel sources such as nuclear energy or coal by high efficiency environment-friendly gas heated steam generators, until these are replaced by a process steam supply from the middle third of the continental crust. Consequently, in the short term, gas turbines or gas direct steam generators replace the shut-down steam generators for steam supply to the power or heat unit and, in the long term, process steam is supplied on-site by high temperature geothermal plants.
NOVELTY - In each conductor (3) is formed at least one rated break point (10) and at least one conductor is positioned on a first flat side of the solar cell (2) and soldered to it. After cooling of the solder connection, the conductor is severed at the rated break point, which has been stamped or cut. The rated break point is adjacent to an edge of the flat side. Prior to positioning of the conductor on the solar cell the conductor and/or the cell are coated with a solder paste and/or a flux agent.    USE - For contacting large number of small solar cells with each other.    ADVANTAGE - Simple and automated process for forming a string of small solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of contacting mechanism diagram in three work steps.    conductor (3)    rated break point (10)    solar cell (2)
NOVELTY - Four planar mirrors (2) are directly allocated to a quadratic photovoltaic cell (1) for concentrating direct solar radiation onto the element. Several such cells are combined to form the module, which can follow the motion of the sun. Typically the mirrors are set at an angle of 60 degrees but a differently dimensioned structure is possible. The individual cells may be used to provide a flat structure. The cells may be cooled by metal members, or by a liquid cooling system, forming a combined photovoltaic-thermo module.    USE - For simple concentration of solar radiation onto a module.    ADVANTAGE - Low cost and compact design with easy exchange of damaged cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an example of the solar cell module.    mirror (2)    solar cell (1)
NOVELTY - The three solar collector main elements i.e. the base body (2), plastics seal (3), and housing (1) give an appearance of a roof tile. At its top edge the housing has two or three threaded half-shells and two abutment edges, while its top side has a bearing.    USE - For roof fitted solar collectors with combined thermal and photovoltaic function.    ADVANTAGE - Integration of both collector types, roof tile shape, and low-cost manufacture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The housing lower edge has two arrester pins, and the underside bottom section locates a support leg and a raised middle bead. The top edge of the base body has two or three threaded shells and at its underside a depression for housing retention and two recesses for the arrester pins.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a first collector example in all views.    housing (1)    base body (2)    plastics seal (3)
NOVELTY - The holes (2) are formed in lower portion of a concrete pipe (1) that is used as breakwater block. A turbine (8) that is connected to a rotor shaft of a generator is fixed inside the flow tube. The waterproof case (9) that supports the generator is attached in upper portion of the tube by a support pipe (13). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lid (4) is fixed to the upper end of the pipe by the bolts and nuts (5). The packing (6) is arranged between the pipe and lid to maintain airtight sealing in the pipe. The flow tube is arranged in center of the lid. The turbine is rotated in fixed direction by flow of water wave through the holes in flow tube. A cable (14) is arranged in the support pipe to extract power generated by the generator.    USE -   For actuating generator by wave in ocean bed, inspection ship used in navigation aid.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables mass production of wave actuated power generator at low cost by reducing number of elements. Reduces unit cost of power generated by generator. Simplifies easy maintenance of generator by arranging its case in upper portion of flow tube. Maintains breakwater block function by absorbing energy of wave. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view and front elevation of power generator. (1) Concrete pipe; (2) Holes; (5) Nuts; (6) Packing; (8) Turbine; (9) Waterproof case; (13) Support pipe; (14) Cable.
NOVELTY - Sludge (2) and inflammable refuse (1) are sprayed into a pressure application combustion furnace (12). Water component evaporated from the furnace, is utilized for electricity generation by driving expansion turbine (14a) provided in the turbogenerator (14). Temperature in the furnace is maintained steadily.    USE -   In pressure application fluidized boiler used in power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE -   In addition to drive expansion turbine, cycle power generation to construct steam cycle is also attained. High output in electricity generation is obtained using low quality fuels such as inflammable refuse, sludge, efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows entire block diagram of sludge electricity generation installation. (1) Inflammable refuse; (2) Sludge; (12) Pressure application combustion furnace; (14) Turbogenerator; (14a) Driving expansion turbine.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module has a gusset plate at the non-light receiving side of the photovoltaic cell (2). The gusset plate end side is projected to the light receiving side and by bending and molding, the suspension and raised portion are formed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module manufacturing method.    USE -   For electricity generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises industrial value. Damaging of photovoltaic cell and local distortion generation is prevented by the distribution of photovoltaic cell out of the range of local deformation part. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective diagram of the solar battery module. (2) Photovoltaic cell.
NOVELTY - The support portion (3a) of support (3) is passed via through-hole (4a) of roof lining board (4). The roof lining board clamp plate (3b) of support is attached with the roof lining board. The frame is fixed to the support projected from the through-hole (6a) of tile (6) distributed at upper surface of roof lining board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The roof lining board clamp plate of the support is contacted with the roof lining board using the tapping screws (5).    USE -   For installing frame for solar batteries on roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates to install frame for solar batteries reliably, since thickness of the roof lining board is increased by the attachment of roof lining board clamping plate. Improves operativity since number of screws required for attaching roof lining board clamp plate is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the condition of having installed the frame for solar batteries on roof. (3) Support; (3a) Support portion; (4) Roof lining board; (4a,6a) Through-holes; (5) Tapping screws; (6) Tile.
NOVELTY - The latching piece (13D) of cell support frame (1) is hooked on a roof tile frame and projected from ridge side horizontal frame material (1D). Water-proof sheet (4) is interposed between the undersurface part of eaves side horizontal frame material (1C) and ridge side horizontal frame material.    USE -   For installing solar battery unit on roof lining board.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves installation as junction structure is provided to solar battery cell. Prevents reduction of water-proof junction by wear of solar battery cell. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of water-proof connector used for junction structure of solar battery cell maintenance tile. (1) Cell support frame; (1C,1D) Eaves and ridge side horizontal frame materials; (4) Water-proof sheet; (13D) Latching piece.
NOVELTY - A float (1) is arranged and moved by the waves. The motion of the float is transmitted through one way reduction gear (5).    USE -   For tidal power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Promotes non-conventional source energy utilization and prevents environmental hazards, pollution problem, global warming etc. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of reduction gear assembly. (1) Float; (5) Reduction gear.
NOVELTY - The motor drive system provides a mechanical hoist by which the panels may be raised to their display position.    USE - Support of display panel which is to be changed frequently.    ADVANTAGE - Enables ceiling mounted display panel to be lowered for replacement of panel and raised back to display height.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The display panel includes an envelope (1) containing two friction rollers (2) controlled by a shaft (3) driven by a motor reducing gear (4). The motor is supplied by batteries (5), which may be rechargeable, and controlled by an electronic control circuit (6). The rollers contain a reserve of wire or webbing (7), with adjustable end-of-course stops (8). The assembly is suspended at the required height from hooks (9). The envelope has two magnets (10) attached to its outer surface, by which a removable advertising support (11) may be fastened to it.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the support mechanism and display panel attached.
NOVELTY - The equipment has an electrical controller, which is operated using control elements to control the mains-supplied electrical loads of the equipment, and a switching clock, which is supplied by at least one solar cell (21) or an accumulator. The clock controls the equipment in conjunction with the controller, which can be supplied by the solar cell or accumulator.    USE - E.g. for a cooker.    ADVANTAGE - Improved to enable the equipment to respond visibly to adjustments made by the user even with no mains supply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The accumulator may be charged from a mains transformer as well as by the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the front of a cooker.    solar cell (21)
NOVELTY - The solar energy collector panels (43) are mounted on radial arms that project from a support ring (12-15) assembly mounted on a mast (1-8). The assembly has a rotary drive motor that allows the system to rotate and so maintain tracking of the sun. Alternatively plants or other items may be supported and moved to follow the sun.    USE - Sun tracking system    ADVANTAGE - Allows maximum energy collection to be obtained    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Side view of system    Solar panels (43)    Supporting ring (12-15)    Mast system (1-8)
The power machine uses a special structure to collect energy and uses high-intensity magnet whose unused surface has been shielded to limit speed, both of which are combined to generate physical motion.    ADVANTAGE -   Has new style, simple structure, no pollution, smooth rotation, long service time, low noise, and saves energy.
NOVELTY - The module has an egg crate structure providing spaces for p-type and n-type thermoelectric elements in contact with metallised coatings.    USE - Used as a self powered central heating unit operating entirely on combustion fuel, independently from the electrical grid.    ADVANTAGE - The unit has sufficient temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of its thermoelectric module to generate sufficient electric current to be self powering. The injection moulded egg crate structure reduces the cost of manufacture. The plastic used is able to withstand the temperature of the hot side.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Furnace (40) has a hot side heat exchanger (58) heated by combusting fuel, a cold side heat sink (46) cooled by circulating fluid, and a thermoelectric module (52) between them. The module has an egg crate structure providing spaces for p-type and n-type thermoelectric elements which are effectively connected in series by selective contact with metallised coatings on its opposed hot and cold surfaces to provide an electric current for a motor driving the pump (48) circulating the fluid.    Preferred Features: The electric controls (56) controlling combustion of the fuel are also powered by electricity from the thermoelectric module. The module and heat exchangers are kept in close contact by Bellville spring stacks. The egg crate is electrically insulating, injection moulded plastic or ceramic material. The metallised coatings comprise layers of molybdenum and aluminium, or a layer of nickel aluminium alloy. The thermoelectric elements are extruded. The circulating fluid is water    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the heating unit.    furnace (40)    natural gas burner (44)    heat exchanger (46)    water pump (48)    blower (50)    thermoelectric modules (52)    gas solenoid control valves (56)    hot side heat exchanger (58)
NOVELTY - A pinion (38) is rotated meshing a vertical rack (18), when a buoyant concrete barge (12) is moved up and down due to tide. The rotation of pinion causes the gear and gear mechanism in gear box (32) to rotate, so that spring bank (34) is energized. A computer controls release of stored mechanical energy from spring bank to generator (36) which converts it to electrical energy.    USE - For power transmission in tide powered hydroelectric plant.    ADVANTAGE - The conversion of tidal energy to mechanical and electrical energy is possible because gear mechanism, spring banks, generators and computer are provided. There is no environmental pollution. Moreover the size of the installation is variable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gear meshes with the pinion in the gear box (30). The reversible gear mechanism in gear box, meshes with the gear. The spring bank consisting of the multiple torsion springs, is coupled to the reversible gear mechanism. A large driving spur gear which is connected to the torsion spring, is coupled to adjoining driving spur gear via pair of carrier gears. The spur gear is rotated to increase torsion of spring. A sensor used for measuring the potential energy of spring, is attached to disc brake mounted on disc provided at the end of spring. The disc brake is applied for storing the energy and it is released for utilizing energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front view of hydroelectric power plant.    Concrete barge (12)    Vertical rack (18)    Gear box (30,32)    Spring bank (34)    Generator (36)    Pinion (38)
NOVELTY - A container (12) has an inner surface (15) acting as reservoir for storing beverages and a heating element (18) within it. A base (20) has photovoltaic cells (23) and a circular recess (24) which accommodates the bottom of the container to electrically connect the container to the photovoltaic cells.    USE - For heating beverages stored in a container.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a portable, efficient, reliable, solar power beverage heater of a simple structure which can maintain the heat of an already-heated beverage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The container is cylindrical on the outside and has a circular bottom to fit into the recess in the base. The heating element extends around the perimeter of the side wall of the container and is electrically coupled to a switch present on the outer surface of the container. The base has panels coupled via hinges to adjacent channels and is foldable into a stack of panels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic perspective view of the solar power beverage heater with the panels of the base folded into a stack.    container (12)    perimeter side wall (14)    inner surface (15)    heating element (18)    base (20)    photovoltaic cells (23)    recess (24)
NOVELTY - Solar cells of equal area are separated by gaps. The cells produce a characteristic voltage at a matching current. Electrically conductive interconnects (128) span the gap between each pair of cells to connect them in series to obtain an output voltage at the matching current. A flexible carrier adhered to the cells holds the cells and interconnects in a desired array configuration.    USE - For generating electricity in satellites (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Has a higher specific voltage than conventional solar cell arrays by using smaller cells. Allows the array to be mounted on non-flat surfaces, thereby maintaining its tolerance to shadow and minimizing design oversizing. Uses small, irregularly shaped or non-flat surface on a satellite to maximize power generation without introducing a significant weight penalty.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The array configuration is adapted for mounting directly to the exterior surface of a satellite. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a method for collecting solar energy on a satellite, for a satellite having solar cells covering its exterior surface, and for a method for making a solar power array from a single wafer of photovoltaic transducer material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of a portion of the microarray showing the interconnect.    interconnect (128)
NOVELTY - Skutterudite type crystal structure like thermoelectric elements has PN junction formed between P-type and N-type semiconductors (1,3) made of intermetallic compound. The P and N type semiconductors are formed with metals or alloys of Ag, Al and silver solder. The leads (6,7) for connection is made of any metal or alloy of Al, Ni, Cu, Ag and Pt.    USE -   For flame sensor of portable electrical power generating device.    ADVANTAGE -   Electric generation capability is raised by providing semiconductors of intermetallic compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the three dimensional drawing of the thermoelectric element. (1) P- type semiconductor; (3) N-type semiconductor; (6,7) Leads.
NOVELTY - The lighting fixture (17) has LED (16). The lighting fixture is connected to solar panel (SP) comprising solar battery (19) and charging-discharging control circuit (18).    USE -   For fluorescent lamp using solar energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Emits light for long time with less power consumption. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of lighting fixture. (16) LED; (17) Lighting fixture; (18) Charging-discharging control circuit; (19) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - Solar battery string (201) which connects several solar battery modules electrically and serially is installed ranging over the installation surface which has a different normal line. Several such strings are connected to form a solar battery array.    USE -   Installed in roof of building for generating electrical power.    ADVANTAGE -   It is possible to design the array freely. Wastage in avoided. Output capacitance of solar battery array is increased greatly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows roof top elevation view of solar battery array. (201) Solar battery string.
NOVELTY - A filler (102) is provided for sealing the conductivity reinforcing material (104) distributed at the non- light receiving surface side of photovoltaic cell (101). An earthing terminal (107) is partially joined with the conductivity reinforcing material.    USE -   In solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reliable ground connection since a flat earthing terminal is used. Bending processing is not required, thereby simplifying earthing structure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram explaining the solar battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (102) Filler; (104) Conductivity reinforcing material; (107) Earthing terminal.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module array has two or more kinds of rectangular solar batteries (103) of different lengths.    USE -   Is installed at roof surface of residential building, office building for electricity generation. Also installed at flat roof frame.    ADVANTAGE -   The filling factor of installation surface can be raised by configuring several rectangular solar battery modules and hence amount of electricity generation area is increased. Limitation of fixing string voltage is eliminated by introducing heterogeneous series, thereby simplifies designing processes involved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the layout when configuring solar battery module. (103) Batteries.
NOVELTY - Photovoltaic cell groups comprise parallelly connected photovoltaic cells (201). A gusset plate is fixed to the non-light receiving side.    USE -   For electric equipment.    ADVANTAGE -   Since amorphous silicon photovoltaic cell is used, low cost photoelectric conversion module can be obtained in a large area. Since an attachment structure is provided, photovoltaic cell module can be installed easily. Solar energy is visually realizable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the photovoltaic cell module. (201) Photovoltaic cell.
NOVELTY - A fine-crystal silicon film (103) without impurity, is formed on the top of electrode (102). An amorphous silicon film (104) and fine-crystal silicon film (105a) without impurity are formed sequentially. Then P-type and N-type impurities are injected into silicon film (105a). Then heating process is carried out and electrode (106) is formed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photoelectric convertor.    USE -   For manufacturing photoelectric convertor used in solar battery, image sensor, photo sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   The film of formation is done without adding impurity gas. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of photoelectric convertor manufacturing process. (102) Electrode; (103,105a) Fine-crystal silicon film; (104) Amorphous silicon film; (106) Electrode.
NOVELTY - CdTe film is formed on the surface of the substrate (1) by distributing CdTe powder layer at predetermined spacing and heating it in the atmosphere containing halogen or haloid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for CdTe film manufacturing apparatus.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Solar battery with improved characteristic is obtained as heat stress exerted on substrate is reduced by the formation of temperature gasifying CdTe film on substrate. Manufacturing cost is reduced as it avoids the extra cost needed to compensate heat stress by CdTe film formation on substrate. Proximity sublimation method reduces the process time as there is no cooling following heat treatment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional chart of CdTe film forming apparatus. (1) Substrate.
NOVELTY - The holes for electrodes (41) in the back cover which is in alignment with the holes for electrodes (21) in the cell sealing material, has a larger diameter than the holes for electrodes in the cell sealing material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The output electrodes (31) of the solar battery cell are inserted through the holes for electrodes in the cell sealing material and back cover such that they do not make any contact with the internal circumference surface of the holes for electrodes in the back cover. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for describing electrode formation method in solar battery module.    USE -   For solar battery cells.    ADVANTAGE -   Even when error occurs in position relation of output electric power of solar battery, required gap is maintained. The cell output electrodes does not make any contact with internal circumference surface of the hole in the back cover, thereby reliably preventing electric short circuit in the back cover. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of solar battery module. (21,41) Electrodes; (31) Output electrodes.
NOVELTY - A backside electrode layer (102), a crystalline silicon group photoelectric conversion layer (105), a transparent conductive cap layer (111) are formed sequentially on a glass substrate. Linear and mutually parallel separating grooves (104,109) are formed in the layers to isolate photoelectric conversion cells. The cells are connected in series through several grooves.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photoelectric conversion layer is formed by plasma CVD at temperature less than 400 C. The volume molar fraction of crystallization of the photoelectric conversion layer is 80% or more and hydrogen content is between 0.5-30 atom%. The thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer is set between 0.5-20 m.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for silicon group thin film photoelectric conversion cell manufacturing method.    USE -   For crystalline silicon group photoelectric conversion apparatus such as optical sensor, solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   High output owing to high voltage characteristic is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view showing the manufacturing steps of photoelectric conversion apparatus. (102) Backside electrode layer; (104,109) Grooves; (105) Photoelectric conversion layer; (111) Transparent conductive cap layer.
NOVELTY - A cadmium-sulfide film is formed on a heat-resistant substrate using organic-metal vapor growth, vacuum deposition or contact sublimation. the substrate with cadmium-sulfide film is then heated for 30 seconds, more or less, at a temperature of 100 to 700 degrees Celsius in an inert gas atmosphere which includes oxygen or air. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:the cadmium-sulfide film manufacturing apparatus;and the solar battery using the cadmium-sulfide film.    USE -   For producing cadmium-sulfide used on solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Produces cadmium-sulfide film with outstanding capability at low cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of the cadmium-sulfide film manufacturing apparatus.
NOVELTY - A porous layer (12) is formed on the semiconductor substrate (11). The porous layer has semiconductor such as silicon and germanium or a gallium and arsenic or a gallium and phosphorus or a gallium and nitrogen on its one side. The impurity concentration of the porous layer is varied in thickness direction.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the impurity concentration of the porous layer is varied in the thickness direction, the distortion of the porous layer caused by passing a large current can be prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional view showing the components of the semiconductor substrate. (11) Semiconductor substrate; (12) Porous layer.
NOVELTY - Transparent substrate (1) is formed with a transparent electrode (2). Metal oxide layer containing layer made of TiO2 , ZnO, Fe2 O3 , Nb2 05 and ZrO2admixture with silicic acidised alkali is coated over transparent electrode. Admixture of graphite and silicic acidised alkali constitutes collector pole (5) on the electrolyte layer (4) on the metal oxide layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for describing electrode group manufacturing method.    USE -   In solar battery in optical detection facility.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers inexpensive solar battery without any public hazards, thereby improves electricity output with stabilized characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of the solar battery. (1) Transparent substrate; (2) Transparent electrode; (4) Electrolyte layer; (5) Collector pole.
NOVELTY - The sputtering electrode is made up of permanent magnet or electromagnetic. The ratio of integral value (Q1) of flux from magnetic pole of cathode centre section and integral value (Q2) of flux from magnetic pole of cathode periphery is 1.2 or more during film formation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The conductive film is formed on the base material by magnetron sputtering process.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for transparent electrically conductive film.    USE -   For formation of transparent conductive film by complex oxide of tin, zinc, indium in manufacture of transparent electrode used in solar battery, touch panel, sensor, LCD panel.    ADVANTAGE -   Stabilizes formation of conductive film with low specific resistance in low temperature substrate and oxidation atmosphere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model figure of magnetron cathode.
NOVELTY - A back-up power supply and an electrical double layer condenser, which serves as a solar battery (3) or a wind power machine, supply electric power to a light-emitting diode LED (5) formed on a board.    USE -   Used to caution e.g. pedestrian, vehicle driver about e.g. linearity, road condition and road danger.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy installation to crossing and dangerous location of road without a signal apparatus. Cautions pedestrian or driver about road condition by flashing during night or day. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram which performs the automatic control of the amount of light emission of the LED. (3) Solar battery; (5) LED.
NOVELTY - A flat section (102) fixes the solar battery module on installation surface. The height of rising section (103) is larger than the thickness of the battery connection cable connected to clamp (101).    USE -   For fixing solar battery module on roof surface.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers reduction in construction cost by reducing number of construction process. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of roof-material solar battery fixing structure. (101) Clamp; (102) Flat section; (103) Rising section.
NOVELTY - The wind power generator consists of a wind wheel that has two blades (7) in an S-shaped configuration that rotate on a vertical shaft about the axis of symmetry. The shaft drives an electrical generator (27) and charges batteries (28) through a transforming device (29). The plant is compact but the size of the wind vanes will vary with the power output required.    USE - Power generation for remote area    ADVANTAGE - Can be quickly assembled or dismantled    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - General view of wind generator
NOVELTY - A programmable controller (6) receives information of the wind speed and uses it to control the linear speed of the side surfaces of conical rotors (3) turned by electric motors (5). During increase of the wind speed, the braking moment and power of an asynchronous generator (12) is also increased to a determined speed of the wind-driven wheel (2). To increase construction strength and improve the aerodynamics of the aero-generation unit, the ends of the rotors are damped, to reduce the aerodynamic forces formed in the wheel    USE - Conversion of wind energy into electrical, thermal or mechanical energy in various industries    ADVANTAGE - Controlling optimum power value of wind generator by improved utilization of wind current power    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a rotary wind generating unit    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing depicts an overall view of construction of rotary aero-generating unit    Programmable controller (6)    Electric motors (5)    Conical rotors (3)    Wind-driven wheel (2)
NOVELTY - Solar radiation (12) is coupled to a solar-receptive medium (10) by a single component (120) made up of two sub-elements whose refractive indices both increase from one surface to the other and which are joined at the high refractive index surfaces (H).    USE - As an optical coupler used as a solar concentrator.    ADVANTAGE - Only a single element is used, coupling is efficient and the concentration ratio high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An optical coupler for coupling solar radiation (12) to a receptive medium (10) comprises a single component (120) with two axially graded refractive index sub-elements both increasing in refractive index from one surface to the other and joined together at the high index surfaces (H).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a combination of a solar cell and the solar concentrator above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A view of a lens concentrator is shown.    Solar cell (10)    Solar radiation (12)    Lens component (120)
NOVELTY - An air duct (24) in which a fan (26) can be located provides a passageway of air extracted from an air collecting space (13). The air collecting space is enclosed in a heat absorbing panel (16) which is mounted on a building roof (10). The heat absorbing panel includes the trapezoidal corrugations (17) each having a flat outer wall (18) and two sloping side walls (19).    USE - For solar heat absorbing panel mounted on building roof.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids overheating of photovoltaic cell. Eliminates excessive build-up of heat from photovoltaic cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of a solar roof heat absorbing panel mounted on a roof.    Building roof (10)    Air collecting space (13)    Heat absorbing panel (16)    Trapezoidal corrugation (17)    Flat outer wall (18)    Sloping side walls (19)    Air duct (24)    Fan (26)
NOVELTY - Several compressors (2) are connected to a power generating unit (4) through pipelines (3). The compressed air generated by compressors, is transmitted to generating unit to drive the turbines for power generation. The system works in accordance to a predetermined contingency, so that a particular compressor is shut down from transmitting its electric load.    USE - For supplying electricity from power source such as steam plant, coal or nuclear plant to cities, factories.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the existing electric transmission bottle necks and reduces fuel transmission cost and a favorable environmental regulation is acquired. Utilization of compressed air enables turbine to operate at a lower and relatively more constant heat rate, resulting in less pollution so that installation in non-attainment areas is possible.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Amount of power generated is utilized to drive the compressor and remaining power is transmitted for utilization. The preserved electric load is utilized to generate power during a power demand. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electricity supplying method to load area.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the energy conservation system.    Compressors (2)    Pipelines (3)    Power generating unit (4)
NOVELTY - A transparent resin layer (6) is formed when a transparent resin film is stuck on a transparent insulated substrate (4). A rough surface (10) and a minute rough surface (11) are formed on the transparent resin film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transfer rough surface is formed on transfer roller. The minute rough surface is formed on the transfer rough surface of the transfer roller. The transfer rough surface of the transfer roller contacts the rough surface of the transparent resin film. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin film solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers light weight thin film solar battery which can be cheaply manufactured by using simple process at normal temperature. Improves manufacturing yield, accuracy, stabilization of characteristic is attained. Improves characteristic of solar battery. Prevents short circuit of semiconductor layers in battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the thin film solar battery. (4) Transparent insulated substrate; (6) Transparent resin layer; (10) Rough surface; (11) Minute rough surface.
NOVELTY - The transparent electrode substrate is produced by forming a crystalline film (2) on the transparent base material (1). A transparent conductive film (3) is then formed overlapping the crystalline film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for substrate production.    USE -   Used for photovoltaic cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The transparent electrode substrate having a thin conductive film is efficient even at low temperature. The transparent base material, especially glass, is capable of expanding. The photoelectric conversion of the photovoltaic cell is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the transparent electrode substrate. (1) Transparent base material; (2) Crystalline film; (3) Conductive film.
NOVELTY - The material has ternary group compounds of skutterudite crystal structure and containing CoA1 .5 Te1 .5 , where A is either Ge or Sn. The ternary group compound can be replaced with a model compound Co(1-x) Mx A1 .5 Te1 .5, where M is more than one of Fe, Ru, Os, Ni, Pd, Pt and x = 0.001-0.1.     DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The ternary compound can also be replaced with model compound CoA(1 .5-y) Qy Te1 .5, where Q is more than one of B, Al, Ga, In, P, As, Sb, Bi, Te and y = 0.001-0.1.    USE -   For thermoelectric power generation or thermoelectric cooling.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases electric conductivity sharply by proper selection of conducted type compounds and optimization of carrier density.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows temperature characteristics of electric conductivity of Fe and Pd.
NOVELTY - Projections (101,102) are provided in specific portion of a panel fixing unit (103). The projections contact the conductor provided in the panel. Adjacent solar panels are fixable via the projections. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for earthing structure of solar panel and solar panel earthing method.    USE -   For fixing solar panel.    ADVANTAGE -   The construction quality is maintained reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side and top views of panel fixing structure. (101,102) Projections; (103) Panel fixing unit.
NOVELTY - P-type hydrogenated amorphous Si layer (12), intermediate layer (13) and n-type layer (14) are formed on transparent electrically conductive film (11) by plasma CVD constituting a cross bar-like structure. Heat treatment of cross bar-like structure is performed for two hours or more at 400-800 C without melting Si layer. Electrode (18) is finally formed on n-type layer.    USE -   For manufacturing polycrystalline silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves carrier mobility and prevents primary stage deterioration, thereby raising photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view explaining manufacturing method of solar battery. (11) Conductive film; (12) P-type hydrogenated amorphous Si layer; (13) Intermediate layer; (14) N-type layer; (18) Electrode.
NOVELTY - Several linear mutually parallel grooves (104,109) are formed in such a way that tandem-die photoelectric conversion cells are formed on the backside of transparent electrode (102). The cells are connected electrically in series via grooves (107) formed parallel to grooves (104,109). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The transparent electrode layer (102), amorphous silicon group thin film photoelectric conversion layer (105), crystalline silicon thin film photoelectric conversion layer (106) are laminated sequentially on a transparent substrate (101) by formation of grooves (104,109). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of integrated tandem-die thin film.    USE -   Integrated tandem-die thin silicon film e.g. solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   The conversion apparatus is provided with outstanding characteristics and high output. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view explaining manufacturing method of integrated tandem-die thin film. (101) Transparent substrate; (102) Transparent electrode; (104,107,109) Grooves; (105,106) Photoelectric conversion layers.
NOVELTY - A reverse bias voltage is impressed for a predetermined period by reverse bias voltage application unit to recover the characteristic deterioration of the solar battery array (1) due to its photodegradation.    USE -   For solar power generator used in residence.    ADVANTAGE -   The system efficiency is improved due to application of reverse bias voltage to solar battery, the recovery of characteristic deterioration of solar battery is performed efficiently and maintenance service is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of solar power generation system. (1) Battery array.
NOVELTY - Several thin film solar battery unit cells each including an upper electrode with an amorphous silicon electromotive force layer (14) and a transparent electrical conductive film (15) laminated on a conductive base material (11) are connected serially by a conductive connection material such that one end of base material contacts the upper electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin film solar battery formation method.    USE -   For thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables simplification of junction process. Thin film solar battery is formed easily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the thin film solar battery formation method. (11) Conductive base material; (14) Amorphous silicon electromotive force layer; (15) Transparent electrical conductive film.
NOVELTY - A frame (7) contacts the lamination structure of a transparent substrate (1), a sealing material (2), a solar battery cell (3) and a protection film (4), such that, the crimp of protection film is done to the substrate via the sealing material. The lamination structure is mounted on the mount base.    USE -   For solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to reduce the thickness of the circumference part of sealing material. Prevents permeation of water inside lamination structure. Improves sealing capability. Improves reliability of solar battery module. Excels in resistance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing method of solar battery module. (1) Transparent substrate; (2) Sealing material; (3) Battery cell; (4) Protection film; (7) Frame.
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic cell module has several photovoltaic cells (101) electrically connected through a metal body (104). An insulation member (103) avoids contact between edge part of photovoltaic cells and the metal body.    USE -   For electrical connection.    ADVANTAGE -   Damage of photovoltaic cells is prevented by the insulated member that prevents contact of cell with metal body. Inspite of repeated bending while installing photovoltaic cell, reliability is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the photovoltaic cell module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (103) Insulation member; (104) Metal body.
NOVELTY - Electrodes (1a,1a') are distributed at preset intervals along a channel which intakes and outputs seawater. Power supply circuits (E1,TR1,D1,L1,C1,R1,Rs,RL,Edc) apply DC voltage between the electrodes, for a preset period, to produce electric pulse.    USE -   For impressing direct flow electric pulse in seawater, which is used as cooling water for heat exchanger in thermal power station, thereby preventing adhesion of shells to heat exchanger.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to provide fixed electric shock. Enables to effectively prevent adherence of shells. Enables to stop voltage application, when existence of human being or animal is detected near the electrode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of direct electric pulse generator. (1a,1a') Electrodes; (E1,TR1,D1,L1,C1,R1,Rs,RL,Edc) Power supply circuits.
NOVELTY - A charge generating layer containing crystals of oxytitanium phthalocyanine pigment and a charge transporting layer are laminated on a support. The pigment has Bragg angle of 2 0.2 with copper K and X-ray diffraction at 90, 14.2, 23.9 and 27.1. The photoreceptor also contains a mixture of polyester resin and melamine which is crosslinked by heating.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) an electrophotographic apparatus which contains an electrification unit, image exposure unit, image developer (5) and transfer unit (6); and (ii) a cartridge in which the electrification unit is selected from at least an image developer or a cleaner supported integrally and arranged detachably on the electrophotographic apparatus.    USE -   For solar batteries, sensors, colouring applications, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrophotographic photoreceptor is durable and is not affected by repeated use and environmental fluctuations. The photoreceptor has stable potential characteristics and high sensitivity in the longer wavelength region.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electrophotography apparatus. (1) Electrophotographic photoreceptor; (5) Image development unit; (6) Transfer unit; (9) Cleaning unit; (11) Cartridge.
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic module generates an electrical output that is transmitted to a linear voltage regulator (21) that supplies a constant voltage DC output of 5 to 6 volts. This voltage is delivered to a sample and hold circuit (26) associated with a timer (27), to a window comparator (28), and to an LCD screen (22). The low power output from a sun sensor (24) is delivered to the sample and hold circuit where a resistor (30) and an operational amplifier (31) convert current output to a voltage signal. The timer can be adjusted to determine the frequency and duration of the voltage signal from the sample and hold circuit.    USE - Power supply for portable electronic equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Disconnects load if voltage output falls below a predetermined minimum value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Circuit diagram of LCD that monitors output of module    Voltage regulator (21)    LCD screen (22)    Sun sensor (24)    Sample and hold circuit (26)    Timer (27)    Window comparator (28)    Resistor (30)    Operational amplifier (31)
NOVELTY - A solar energy collection panel (7) is mounted on four or more springs that expand and contract with intensity of the solar energy. The springs are formed by multiple bimetallic elements (8). When positioned correctly the springs respond to ensure that panel tracks the sun.    USE - Solar energy collection    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - solar collection panel (7)    bimetallic spring elements (8)
NOVELTY - System for regional waste disposal, with recovery of valuable complex materials and energy, involves coupling of waste water disposal, thermal electricity and heat production, photovoltaic synthesis of hydrogen, and chemical synthesis, such that end products and byproducts from one stage are used for synthesis in at least one other stage.    USE - The system is used to generate heat, electricity and a variety of organic chemicals (methanol, (poly)carbonates, glycol, polyurethanes) from methane or biogas.    ADVANTAGE - The gas turbine/steam generator power plant in the system uses a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen, not air, so polluting nitrogen oxides can not be formed. Since carbon dioxide is used for chemical synthesis, the expensive and complex equipment required for its removal is not needed, and any sulfur compounds in the combustion gas can be removed as sulfur dioxide or elemental sulfur. Carbon dioxide-based polymers produced by the system are potential replacements for olefin-derived polymers.
NOVELTY - A power cell for generating heat based on hydrogen catalysis and for transferring the generated heat to a working fluid. It has a delivery assembly which includes a semi-permeable membrane assembly connected to hydrogen gas source and heat transfer assembly. The membrane assembly contains a semi-permeable membrane which permits hydrogen but inhibits vaporous catalyst to flow through it.    USE - Power cells for gas turbine engines, boilers, heaters and other mechanisms for energy conversion and utilization, specifically power cells enabling the catalysis of hydrogen atoms to lower energy states and the conversion of heat released therefrom to other forms of energy.    ADVANTAGE - The power of hydrogen catalysis is harnessed in a usable form. The hydrogen energy source minimizes global climatic impact, is widely available and is comparatively cost effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The power cell comprises a heat transfer assembly comprising an enclosed, vacuum-tight reaction chamber containing a means for dissociating molecular hydrogen gas into atomic hydrogen. A delivery assembly is connected in fluid communication with the reaction chamber for delivering hydrogen gas and vaporous catalyst for hydrogen catalysis to the heat transfer assembly. The delivery assembly comprises a catalyst vessel for generating vaporous catalyst, a source of hydrogen gas, and a semi-permeable membrane assembly, which permits the passage of hydrogen but inhibits the passage of vaporous catalyst, connected in fluid communication with the hydrogen gas source and the heat transfer assembly. The temperature of the catalyst vessel and the temperature surrounding the semi-permeable membrane can both be regulated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a hydrogen catalysis power cell.
NOVELTY - When valves (11,36) opens, liquid from source enters into interior space of vessel (10) thereby moving it downwards. Gas is introduced into the interior space while the liquid is pumped out and vessel moves upwards.    USE - For recharging batteries of battery powered vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The plant can be constructed as a decentralized power station will produce zero pollution. Large amounts of electrical power is produced in a short term. The potential energy can be stored for long periods of time. In the electrically powered vehicles, the recharging of batteries can be done dynamically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A buoyant force is created by displaced liquid when both the valves are closed. A hydraulic actuator extends when the vessel moves downwards and forces to retract when it moves upward. A movable lever having an end being pivotally attached to pivot point and the other being vertically movable with respect to pivot point. An applied force vessel attached to the other end of lever, has a hollow container with a through-hole on its upper and lower lid. The lids also contain valves. The vessel also includes a pump mounted in the lower base near the through-hole. The gas enters into the chamber through a pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagrammatic view of vessel of electrically powered plant.    Vessel (10)    Valves (11,36)
NOVELTY - Air enters the piping (B) installed in the mountains through air intake mechanism (A) and the entering air is heated by heater (C) installed in the piping. The heated air rotates the turbine at a high velocity leading to the generation of electricity by generator (F).    USE -   Wind power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   The air current of atmospheric pressure is effectively utilized, in order to generate the electricity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of wind power generator. (A) Air intake mechanism; (B) Piping; (C) Heater; (F) Generator.
NOVELTY - The heat storage pipe (1) is formed by bundling and fusing two or more high density polyethylene materials. A space is formed for fluid flow, even when heat storage materials melt due to heat transfer.    USE -   In thermal storage tank for solar, electric power systems used in various industries etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Due to usage of polyethylene material energy is efficiently used hence usage of special apparatus within a heat retaining tank is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the polyethylene heat storage pipe. (1) Heat storage pipe.
NOVELTY - A layer of fine titanium oxide particles (21) with silicon dioxide binder (22) is applied on the surface of a fluororesin film (1).    USE -   For protecting surface of a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electricity generation efficiency over a long period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of a surface protection film for solar battery. (1) Fluororesin film; (21) Titanium oxide particles; (22) Binder.
NOVELTY - A heat-voltage transducer (2) is provided in a thermopile. A voltage variation transducer (11) provides variable voltage output which is converted into current signal by a current variation transducer (12).    USE -   Used as power supply for pager, portable telephone.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrical energy is generated in a dark place also. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of energy sensing element. (2) Heat-voltage transducer; (11) Voltage variation transducer; (12) Current variation transducer.
NOVELTY - The rotation of a rotating plate (1) is transferred to a generator through an internal gear and internal intermediate gear. The internal intermediate gear multiplies the speed of the plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Boxes are arranged in the periphery of the rotating plate at fixed intervals. Special balls (3) are arranged within the boxes.    USE -   For electricity generation using specific gravity rotating plate.    ADVANTAGE -   Pollution free method of electricity generation is offered, and can correspond to any type of load demand. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of specific gravity rotating plate. (1) Rotating plate; (3) Specific balls.
NOVELTY - An angular region of a shaping member contacted to configuration portion of a photovoltaic cell (2) is of curved shape.    USE -   In roll molding machine.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents damage to photovoltaic cell during molding. Produces solar battery module with high electric reliability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of roll molding machine. (2) Photovoltaic cell.
NOVELTY - The monitoring part is given a theoretical value of output to be monitored for every solar panel. The generated output of the panel is compared by the comparator with the theoretical value for every fixed time. Failure of panel is detected, when the generated value is smaller than the theoretical value.    USE -   In solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   since every panel is detected, the detection of failure becomes easy and effective. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram showing detail of the principal part of monitoring apparatus.
NOVELTY - The solar battery tile (10) has casing (11) and a cover (30). A drive unit (14) which consists of circuit components helps to generate electricity to the light emitting diode (13) powered by the solar battery.    USE -   The battery stores power to generate light at night for lighting system for car park.    ADVANTAGE -   Stores power in battery storage to be used at night and maintenance is easy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded isometric view of the solar battery tile structure. (10) Solar battery tile; (11) Casing; (13) Light emitting diode; (14) Drive unit; (30) Cover.
A manufacture of a polysilane pattern formation substrate comprises (1) forming a polysilane film onto a substrate, (2) selectively applying the light to the substrate in the presence of a solvent which does not solve polysilane and solves siloxane to form a pattern, (3) removing only siloxane by using a solvent which solves only the siloxane without solving the polysilane part of the substrate, and (4) completely removing the solvent from the substrate.    USE -   Effectively used in various kinds of printed wiring boards, a flexible switch, a battery electrode, a solar battery, a sensor, an integrated pattern, a housing for a motor etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The substrate having a polysilane pattern superior in accuracy can be formed at low cost and at high speed.
NOVELTY - The system has an electric generator (G) powered by wind driven rotor blades positioned behind a grill at the front of the vehicle. Generated electricity is directed to a controller (C) which is also connected to the vehicle batteries (B), via a voltage regulator, and the drive motor(s) and which regulates the flow of current to the batteries and/or the motor as required.    USE - For use with electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The generator system minimizes or eliminates the drain on the vehicle batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic diagram of the wind powered generator system for an electric vehicle and a front view of the grill and rotor blades.    Batteries (B)    Controller (C)    Generator (G)
NOVELTY - The heat exchanger consists of a module (2), of thermally insulating plastic, secured by the fixings (3) to the lamp fitting (previously the lamp ceiling fixings). At opposite ends of the module connection stubs (9,10) are provided for the heat exchanger tubes (4-8) through which a heat conducting fluid flows. The heat exchangers can be connected in series or to solar panels    USE - To use the waste heat for water heating    ADVANTAGE - Environmentally friendly alternative source of heat. Can be fitted retrospectively to existing lamps.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of an appliance to the present invention.    heat exchanger module (2)    fixings (3)    heat exchanger tubes (4-8)    connection stubs (9,10)
NOVELTY - A parabolic secondary concentrator for collecting solar radiation comprises a nickel (Ni) or Ni alloy substrate coated both with silver (Ag) and with a protective topcoat.    USE - Suitable for terrestrial and space uses, the reflector can be particularly used as a compound parabola in a secondary concentrator for use in thermal propulsion and power generator systems aboard satellites, shuttles and space stations.    ADVANTAGE - The reflector composition is stable at elevated temperatures and under high vacuum, preventing migration of components into each other and degradation of the reflector's reflectivity. The substrate has high thermal conductivity and is compatible with the reflective layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The specular reflectivity is at least 0.85 at room temperature to 500 degrees Celsius. The reflector comprises; a) a Ni or Ni alloy substrate having a polished reflector surface, b) A 300-3000 Angstrom layer of Ag thereon, affording the required reflectivity, and c) an oxidation resistant inorganic coating substantially transparent to solar rays.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings represent a cross-sectional view of the composite reflector and the specular reflectivity of silver on two separate substrates achieved at different operating temperatures.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (1) which is fixed to the support frame, is fixed with roof (2) of a building by a fitting. The fitting binds the roof and rising portion of support frame tightly with a bolt.    USE -   For fixing solar battery module to fold version roof surface of building.    ADVANTAGE -   As the solar battery module is fixed to the roof without making a hole, wind load applied to solar battery is not affected on building structure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the attachment structure of solar battery module. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Roof.
NOVELTY - The surface of the base material (1) is coated with a sol to form a particle film (2). A metal fluoride or complex fluoride solution is coated on the particle film to precipitate metallic oxide film (4) on the particles (3).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the film formation.    USE -   For photocatalyst, electrode of solar battery and carrier of metal catalyst.    ADVANTAGE -   The surface area of the film is improved. Internal electrical resistances is reduced, when the film is used in solar battery as electrode. The film with high photocatalytic effect is inexpensively produced. Damage to particle film and metallic oxide film is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a sectional drawing of film. (1) Base material; ; (2) Particle film; ; (3) Particles; ; (4) Metallic oxide film.
NOVELTY - The electromagnet system includes a rectangular electrical conductor coil (22) with the longer axis aligned with the water flow. Two tubular electrodes (21,25) enclose the conductor but are insulated electrically and thermally from the rectangular coil by a tubular casing. The annulus between the tubes and conductor can be made a vacuum to enable cryogenic cooling and superconduction in the coil. Field current leads (23) supply current to the magnet system and a magnetic field (B) is created when current flows in the coil.    USE - Converts kinetic energy in tidal and ocean currents into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The energy converter works without moving, mechanical engineering parts which simplifies maintenance, and provides a robust and reliable arrangement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Interaction with the fluid motion causes electrical power to be generated. The power is brought out by the power leads (24). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of generating electrical power using a magneto hydrodynamic apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a dipolar direct current converter.    Magnetic field (B)    Tubular electrodes (21,25)    Coil (22)    Field current leads (23)    Power leads (24)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a container (16) filled with a fluid, and a tank (2) with an inlet port (8) on a top side for receiving pressurized fluid from a naturally occurring source (42, 62) when the tank is at the top of the container and a drainage port (12) on a bottom side for draining the pressurized fluid when the tank is at the bottom of the container, so that the tank is caused to ascend, by buoyancy, to the top of the container. A belt (6), attached to the tank, is mounted for vertical movement such that the belt moves up and down as the tank ascends and descends in the container.    USE - Driving output shaft for generation of mechanical and electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - Does not require energy to fill and empty the containers    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A shaft (24) is connected to the belt so as to rotate in response to the up and down movement of the belt. An energy takeoff system comprising a pump (22), a reservoir (24R), a turbine (26), and a generator (38) is driven by the shaft, for producing output energy. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for generating energy using naturally occurring source of pressurized fluid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the energy production device.    Tank (2)    Belt (6)    Inlet port (8)    Drainage port (12)    Pump (22)    Shaft (24)    Reservoir (24R)    Turbine (26)    Generator (38)    Water source (42,62)
NOVELTY - The main mechanism is designed as a group of buildings. Currents of hot or cold air (8) are compressed against rotor drive blades (3) on a cylinder shaft (15). A drive mechanism (1) rotates to create current.    USE - In electrical energy plants used for domestic supply and consumption.    ADVANTAGE - Provides cheap electricity at 0.05 DM per Kw.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the main mechanism of an electrical current power plant system.    Drive mechanism (1)    Rotor drive blades (3)    Currents of hot or cold air (8)    Cylinder shaft (15)
NOVELTY - The rectangular casing is covered by or made of, individual or arrays of cells, on three sides. This autonomous, noiseless low voltage supply, is regulated to 3-5 volts. Voltage supply is achieved regeneratively. Energy is stored; there is no mains connection.    USE - An autonomous solar power system powering a computer.    ADVANTAGE - The computer becomes not only independent of the mains, it also escapes mains-carried electromagnetic interference. The CPU can be kept cooler. The noise-free environment permits higher data transfer rates. An otherwise relatively functionless surface is put to good use. Data loss due to mains power cuts becomes a thing of the past. The computer is now more environmentally-friendly; its casing is essentially silica-based and it avoids dependence on polluting, conventional power generation.
NOVELTY - Solar array comprises array (31) with sections (33,35,37,39), output bus (51), switches (43,45,47,49), switch controller (54) with a maximum power evaluator (59) and amplifier (57) outputting a signal specifying a signal proportional to the difference between the target voltage and the voltage on output bus (51). Controller (54) has two feedback loops and a rechargeable battery.    USE - System is for a space satellite which requires the maximum available power from an array subject to variations in temperature and illumination and deterioration during its lifetime.    ADVANTAGE - System enables maximum power to be made available by closing additional switches and enables maximum power point tracking without using a storage battery. It does not require complex control circuitry, reduces unnecessary heating of the satellite and only requires a low value capacitor at the output to maintain the voltage constant and noise-free during current or ripple changes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - There is an INDEPENDENT CLAIM for a method of regulating a solar array system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the system.
NOVELTY - A flight object (3) with sufficient positive static charge receives a Lorentz force from a buoyancy source, to make a metal ball move following an earth rotation based on the terrestrial magnetism.    USE -   For e.g. stone stage of Asuka, pyramid of Egypt.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables construction of floating airship and preparation of pyramid. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the actual circuit diagram used in the preparation procedure of a predetermined architectural ruins. (3) Flight object.
NOVELTY - A basic unit provides the gravity attenuation phenomenon of a ferromagnetic object caused by the collision of the flux of like poles.    USE -   Used for e.g. weightless hydroelectric power station, traffic transport airplane device, space-related equipment. Also applicable in the field of e.g. metallurgy, pharmaceutical, medicine.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides large development in technical and industrial field. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of a gravity controller.
NOVELTY - The device generates electricity using energy of variation which causes temperature gradient, during expansion and contraction of objects.    USE -   In factories such as temperature gradient thermal power station, iron manufacturing place.    ADVANTAGE -    Enables labor saving, earth environment preservation by saving resources, energy conservation and maintenance. Offers global warming countermeasure since discharge of CO2is decreased. Electricity generation voltage falling is avoided, by using charger and storage battery of high efficiency.
NOVELTY - Sheath (13) of roof material (1) integrated with solar battery cell (10a), includes an electrode cable (11) and a cable battery and is connected to starter assembly (12) with their respective connectors (11a,12a). The electrode cable outputs electric power generated is solar assembly, whereas the cable battery of starter assembly is connected to ground.    USE -   For roof mounted solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   As cables are enclosed in a single sheath, external wiring is easy. Shock due to accidental shorting of cable to other source is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows side view and sectional view of starter assembly in roof. (1) Roof material; (10a) Solar battery cell; (11) Electrode cable; (11a,12a) Connectors; (12) Starter assembly; (13) Sheath.
NOVELTY - Several convex lenses are arranged at the central portion of a hemispherical transparent support substrate, with curved surface facing inner side, such that optical path lengths of each convex lens is equal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several optoelectric transducers are arranged individually with specific distance from convex lenses, on the surface of hemispherical transparent support body. The optoelectric transducers of photovoltaic effect, having convex surface which faces inner side, is formed with smaller radius.    USE -   For photoelectric converter used in electricity generation installation, vehicle, ship and also for charger of drive source, power source.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies handling of photoelectric converter. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of photoelectric converter.
NOVELTY - Initially, a rectangular groove is formed on the board. Then, a diced layer (31) is formed laminating board such that its lower part is made of phosphorus type material and upper part is made of arsenic type material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for laminated solar battery.    USE -   For manufacture of laminated solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents reduction of conversion efficiency by increase of leak current using the method of changing OFF angle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows solar battery structure. (31) Diced layer.
NOVELTY - The solar battery cell has a light-receiving electrode containing 2 wt.% or less of a phosphorus compound. The whole cell block is covered by transparent resin layers containing phosphorus compound.    The phosphorus content in transparent resin is less than 0.2 wt%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the phosphorus content of the resin is less, discolouring or paling of the resin is eliminated, thereby increasing conversion efficiency. Since soldering is not used, electrode structure is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a sectional view of the electrode structure of the solar battery.
NOVELTY - Semiconductor thin film consists of I group, III group and VI group elements such as In and Ga. The inclusion amount of III group element Ga is 40% or more. The thickness of an optical absorption layer using In and Ga is 1 m or less.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The thickness of an optical absorption layer is 1 m or less, thereby reducing consumption of raw material. Hence cost of solar battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional model diagram of the thin film battery.
NOVELTY - An electric insulating film formed on a portion of a semiconductor wafer (42) is removed. The remaining electric insulating film on rear side of a semiconductor wafer is then bonded to a foundation. During cutting of semiconductor wafer, the film is soaked in flowing water. As a result, the electric insulating film in areas other than in the tip areas is removed.    USE -   For solar battery manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   When a semiconductor wafer is cut, rupture of cutting installation of dicing blade is avoided, thus improving yield of solar battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of manufacturing processes involved during manufacture of solar battery. (42) Semiconductor wafer.
NOVELTY - The element has one or more horizontal, vertical or inclined lamellae (1), which are movably fixed, and which can be pivoted at least slightly about their longitudinal axes or fixed about these axes. The upper or lower sides of the lamellae carry at least one arrangement for generating an electrical voltage or current from incident light, or the lamellae consist of one or more such arrangements.    USE - Combines room shading with electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Converts excess light into electrical energy and enables particularly effective shading    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front schematic view of a shading element    lamella (1)    insulating glass spacing holder frame (6)    conductor track (8)
NOVELTY - A thin film solar cell array has its upper electrodes (6) and photovoltaic layers (5) locally removed to allow conductor bridges (10) to contact the back electrodes (4).    USE - Used as a photovoltaic solar module.    ADVANTAGE - The design permits series-connection of the solar cells without coverage of the back and front electrodes of adjacent cells and permits the use of small substrates with the dimensions of the finished cells or the use of large substrates for subsequent cutting to the desired cell size.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photovoltaic device comprises thin film solar cells (1) formed on a single substrate without covering the front and back electrodes of adjacent cells, the gaps between adjacent cells being bridged by conductor bridges (10) which respectively contact the back electrode (4) of one cell and the front electrode (6) of the next cell, the upper electrode (6) and the photovoltaic layer (5) being locally removed in the contact region to the back electrode (4). Preferred Features: The photovoltaic layer consists of copper-indium diselenide or cadmium telluride.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic side view of a series-connection between two solar cells.    Solar cells (1)    Back electrode (4)    Photovoltaic layer (5)    Front electrode (6)    Conductor bridge (10)
NOVELTY - The solar module has a number of solar cells (11-14) connected in series, provided on a common substrate (1) using a thin-film technique, together with respective parallel diodes (21-24), with a projecting edge of each electrode layer (2,4) of a solar cell or diode providing an overlap zone (10,20) with the corresponding electrode layer of the adjacent diode or solar cell.    USE - The device is used as a photovoltaic energy source.    ADVANTAGE - The solar module is protected from damage when one of the solar cells is in shade.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each diode (21-24) is connected in the blocking direction with the adjacent solar cell (11-14) via 2 overlap zones (10,20) provided respectively by the front electrode layer of the diode and the rear electrode layer of the solar cell and the rear electrode layer of the diode and the front electrode layer of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a line diagram of part of a solar module.    Substrate (1)    Overlap zones (10,20)    Solar cells (11-14)    Diodes (21-24)
NOVELTY - Nonelectrical energy is transformed into electrical energy by generation of electric charges (q) with high electric potential (Uin). Before accumulation, the charges are converted, resulting in an increase in their number to (Q) and a decrease in their electric potential to (Uout).    USE - In particular, for supplying power to microelectronic systems. The invention provides the possibility of the effective utilization and accumulation of electrical energy from piezoelectric and triboelectric converters of mechanical energy, charged particle radioactive sources, and other electrical charge generators.    ADVANTAGE - Effectiveness of electric power sources based on conversion of nonelectrical energy into electrical energy is substantially improved in comparison with known methods and apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is given for the apparatus used for implementation of the process. The apparatus includes a charge generator (1), a charge converter (2) and charge accumulator (3).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the proposed apparatus.    Charge generator (1)    Charge converter (2)    Charge accumulator (3)
NOVELTY - The system has a generator unit (14) which can be connected to the rear portion of a vehicle undercarriage (18) that has a pivotally connected arm (30) with a wheel assembly (20) at its end which can be lowered so that is contacts the road. A belt (40) connects pulleys (38) on the wheel and generator so that rotation of the wheel due to contact with the road causes rotation of the generator to produce electricity for use by onboard electrical systems.    USE - For use with motor vehicles, particularly during long distance travel.    ADVANTAGE - Lightweight and portable. Simple and easy to manufacture and use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A perspective view of a vehicle fitted with the electricity generating system and a bottom perspective view of the system.    Generator unit (14)    Vehicle undercarriage (18)    Wheel assembly (20)    Pivotally connected arm (30)    Pulley (38)    Belt (40)
NOVELTY - In response to movement of electric powered vehicle, air is conveyed inside an air duct (102) so as to rotate a fan (104) coupled to it. Alternators (112,114) coupled to shroud plates (108,110) of fan, produces current in response to rotation of fan which is used to charge batteries of vehicle.    USE - In electric vehicle e.g. car.    ADVANTAGE - Shortens recharge frequency of batteries and eliminates requirement for internal combustion engine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows battery charger for electric car.    Air duct (102)    Fan (104)    Shroud plates (108,110)    Alternators (112,114)
(PT102227-A)   NOVELTY - The wave energy conversion system uses kinetic energy and potential energy of waves in the position based on difference of heights of the free surfaces of two tanks (1,3) set in a mole (7). A mole is located on the seaside (4), while the other is located in the sheltered area (3). A hydraulic turbine (8) is installed to pass water from one tank to another via a tubing system (2) with draining pressure.    USE - For use in converting into electric power from wave energy.    ADVANTAGE - The system is modeling making it possible to install several units in parallel alongside the mole.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the wave energy system.    Two tanks (1,3)    Seaside (2)    Shelter area (3)    Seaside (4)    Mole (7)    Hydraulic turbine (8)
NOVELTY - Frames (100) are installed at fixed depth under the sea water level. The movement of ship (500) is converted to rotary motion by the frames. The rotary motion is used to drive a pump. The output of pump is transferred to a main pipe and a turbine is operated. The turbine is coupled to a generator for power generation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for wave activated electric power generator.    USE -   In harbor for power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents environmental pollution while generating power. Offers safety. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the line view of the wave activated generation system. (100) Frame; (500) Ship.
NOVELTY - The electrical wiring (7) from the solar battery module (1) is passed between the roof surface and the battery module. A specific portion of the wiring is extracted outwardly from the surface of the wall which divides the interior and exterior of building. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery module installation method.    USE -   In residential buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Need for earthing the wire is avoided. Avoids need for drilling in roof, to pass the wires. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery module. (1) Solar battery module; (7) Electrical wiring.
NOVELTY - The undersurface of solar battery (2) is provided with output terminal box which is inserted to terminal box insertion recess (12) formed in battery insertion recess (11) of roofing tile. The output cables pulled out from both terminals of battery are converged into a single core (4) which passes out from recess (12) through guidance groove (15).    USE -   For solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   As cables from both terminals are converged into a single core, drawing the cable exterior becomes easy. Waterproof of output terminal is secured reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is exploded perspective diagram of solar battery attachment to roofing tile. (2) Solar battery; (4) Single core; (11) Battery insertion recess; (12) Terminal box insertion recess; (15) Guidance groove.
NOVELTY - The solar battery (2) is held to the recess (12) of roofing tile (1). The attachment of solar battery to roofing tile is secured by contacting T-shaped fittings (3) to concave surface of roofing tile circumference. The wing structures of T- shaped fitting maintain the position of solar battery in roofing tile.    USE -   For fixing solar battery on roofing tile.    ADVANTAGE -   Quick and strong attachment of solar battery is performed by a simple operation at low cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is exploded perspective diagram of roofing tile solar battery assembly. (1) Roofing tile; (2) Solar battery; (3) T-shaped fittings; (12) Recess.
NOVELTY - A solar battery cell is firmly fixed between reinforced pane of glass and a bag film. The bag film is laminated via a sealing material by ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with thickness of 0.02-0.2 mm.    USE -   For installing solar battery in roofing tile.    ADVANTAGE -   Generating of toxic gas during combustion is low. Deposition of dust by wind and rain is prevented, as roofing tile does not have high protrusion. Surface of solar battery is clean due to smooth flow of shower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows roofing tile with solar battery.
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises a non-variable buoyancy suitable for floating on the surface (5) of a body of liquid (4). Movement of the buoyancy caused by the wave motion (10,11) also generates a force exerted on an energy conversion unit. The forces exerted are utilized to give power for a variety of devices including electricity generation, water hydrolysis or desalination plants.    USE - For providing a point absorber wave energy converter .    ADVANTAGE - Provides an improved device for extracting energy from sea waves or a swell in a body of liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the device under a flat surface of liquid, a crest with head of liquid above increased, and under a trough so head of liquid above is reduced.    the surface of the body of liquid (5)    the body of liquid (4)    the wave motion (10 and 11)
NOVELTY - A hydraulic circuit (10) is used to rectify the incoming power into a unidirectional form for delivery as a continuous flow of pressurized water for doing work. Two pontoons move relative to one another to activate a pump.    USE - For providing a wave powered prime mover of the type adapted to extract energy primarily from ocean swell. For use in a generator, turbine, reverse osmosis plant or similar.    ADVANTAGE - Alleviates the disadvantages associated with existing wave powered prime movers and provides an improved power takeoff and damping mechanism for it. Provides an improved power takeoff and damping mechanism for transforming incoming power, oscillating at a low frequency, into a high frequency oscillating form.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side elevation of the wave powered prime mover.    Hydraulic circuit (10)
NOVELTY - Solar cell comprises an array of photocells (1). Coverglass protective members (3) are formed on the photocells, each protective member having an edge portion (19) and an upper light transmissive charge conducting semiconductor layer (2) on it. Interconnects (13) are electrically coupled between the photocells. Each semiconductor layer is wrapped around the edge portion of the protective members, and is in electrical contact with an interconnect.    USE - For use on the solar panels of satellites, to convert emitted, visible solar light into electrical power.    ADVANTAGE - Voltages exceeding the discharge threshold do not build up, and any excessive coverglass charges are drained to electrical ground, without blocking incident light and reducing power output. The method is simple and efficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the solar cell.    Photocells (1)    Semiconductor layer (2)    Coverglass protective member (3)    Interconnects (13)    Edge portion (19)
NOVELTY - The electrolyzer carries out the electrolysis of water with the electric power obtained by the photoelectric conversion of solar energy. Using the buoyancy of hydrogen gas bubble (4a) generated by the electrolyzer the sea water is guided upwards in a guide pipe (6). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The guide pipe has electrodes (3a,3b) which generate chlorine and hydrogen. The gas-liquid separator (7) provided in the upper part of the guide pipe separates gas-liquid mixed water into hydrogen gas bubble and sea water.    USE -   For pumping water.    ADVANTAGE -   Electric power by fossil fuel, or from external power supply is not needed since it is obtained by photoelectric conversion of solar energy. Installation of mechanical pump is unnecessary. Pumping of deep waters is performed, cooling and cold storage is performed using water of low temperature depths. Chlorine generated by the electrode is not mixed with sea water. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of air lift pump. (3a,3b) Electrodes; ; (4a) Hydrogen gas bubble; ; (6) Guide pipe; ; (7) Gas-liquid separator.
NOVELTY - Solar battery (12) is laminated on its lower side with a heat collection panel (13) comprising a steel plate which is attached with heat carrier piping.    USE -   Is attached to roof panel of buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies manufacture of solar battery. Has high heat recovery efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows three dimensional reverse side view of the heat collection panel attached solar battery. (12) Solar battery; (13) Heat collection panel.
NOVELTY - Several photosensors (3) arranged around the axis of rotation (1) of the satellite receive solar light, using which a solar cell generates electrical power. An internal wheel (4) mounted in parallel with axis of rotation of the satellite is rotated by the generated power and based on the reaction torque due to wheel rotation, a self spin is produced on satellite which starts spinning.    USE -   Is used to produce self spin for small sized satellites, apart from special spin producing mechanism of rockets or parent satellites.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids expensive special spin generating mechanism of rockets etc. Offers simple and inexpensive method for generating spin on satellites. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the satellite with internal wheel. (1) Rotation axis of satellite; (3) Optical sensors; (4) Internal wheel.
NOVELTY - The assembly (20) has several panels (21-26) connected by hinges so that they can be unfolded from a zigzag shape to a flat state. Each panel is curved in a direction parallel to the panel edges to which the hinges are attached.    USE - The solar panel assembly is used in satellites.    ADVANTAGE - Increases the stiffness of the solar panel assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the ultimate extended position of the assembly during operation in space.
NOVELTY - The system comprises: (1) a high altitude platform containing a lifting gas; (2) a cyclical system for decreasing and increasing the buoyancy of the lifting gas in response to cyclically diurnal heating and nocturnal cooling by processing a recyclable energy containing storage material and (3) a solar energy system for obtaining solar energy to operate the cyclical system.    USE - Used for solar energy collection systems.    ADVANTAGE - The system does not require terrestrial fuel nor does it require for it consume its own lifting gas. Carrying aloft an energy source that does not naturally exist in the stratosphere limits the duration of flight because the system must land to refuel. The system does not vent lifting gas nor drop non re-acquirable ballast to maintain a constant altitude.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a cyclical thermal management system; and    (B) a heliocyclic system responsive to diurnal heating and cooling cycles for a high altitude platform.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 3 is a graph with curves illustrating a diurnal cycle effect upon the altitude of a prior art airship and a novel airship having the novel thermal management system.    Novel High Altitude Platform (40)    Prior Art Airship (62)    Prior Art Airship Curve (64)    Novel Platform Curve (66)    Elevators (90)    Stabiliser (108)    Payload Pod (174)
NOVELTY - During plasma treatment, raw material gas is heated at a temperature of gas `Tm' and a substrate inside a chamber `Ts' satisfies the relationship Tm5.33 Ts+1250, where Ts350 and Tm450 . A silicon thin film is formed on the substrate whose temperature is maintained by a cooling pipe (7) in the anode.     DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gas introduction pipe (2) is formed in a chamber (10) through which raw material gas is introduced. A gas heating distributor (9) of a cathode (4) enclosed in the chamber, heats the gas at 110-4 - 1 Torr to 450-800 C. An anode (6) and cathode (4) are arranged inside a chamber (10). A substrate is placed between the anode and cathode. A heater (11) in the anode heats the substrate to 200- 300 C. A power supply (3) supplies RF electric power to cathode to promote plasma treatment with raw material gases maintained at 450-800 C and 110-4- 1 Torr.    USE -   For formation of polycrystalline silicon thin film by plasma CVD technique used for thin film transistor and solar battery used in peripheral drive circuit of liquid crystal device.    ADVANTAGE -    Obtains good quality and low defect polycrystalline Si film by plasma treatment with gas at 450 C and pressure 110-4- 1 Torr on substrate at 200-350 C.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of plasma processing apparatus. (2) Gas introduction pipe; (3) Power supply; (4) Cathode; (5) Substrate; (6) Anode; (7) Cooling pipe; (9) Gas heating distributor; (10) Chamber; (11) Heater.
NOVELTY - A direct contact type tubular cooler (9) which has multiple water nozzles (10) is provided on the non-condensed gas exit piping side of the gas cooling chamber. Cooling water is supplied to the tubular cooler through a water supply pipe (11) which is branched out from the middle of the cooling water inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A partition plate (6) is arranged on a cooling water inlet pipe (3) side of a condenser (1) to form a gas cooling chamber (7). The upper side of the gas cooling chamber is provided with a non-condensed gas exit piping (8) that is connected to a gas ejector.    USE -   For heat recovery from steam of geothermal power station.    ADVANTAGE -   Easy increase of capacity of cooling chamber is facilitated by arranging direct contact type cooler inside the cooling chamber. Design flexibility as per the requirement is ensured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the cooling chamber structure of a condenser. (1) Condenser; (3) Cooling water inlet pipe; (6) Partition plate; (7) Gas cooling chamber; (8) Non condensed steam exit pipe; (9) Direct contact type cooler; (10) Nozzles; (11) Cooling water supply pipe.
NOVELTY - The waste is heat decomposed at 300-500 C by a heat decomposer (14). The gas and solid wastes are separated and a mixture of alkali is added to hydrochloride, to remove chloride. The solid is separated to metal and non-metal. The removed chloride and hydrocarbon from the waste gas is burnt at air factors of 1-1.3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing apparatus of the flammable waste.    USE -   For processing flammable waste.    ADVANTAGE -   The removal of chloride and hydrocarbon, prevents generation of dioxin. The separation of metal and non- metal performs easy removal of metal like iron, aluminum. Hence the recycle of the effective resources are performed easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of waste processing apparatus. (14) Heat decomposer.
NOVELTY - A vertical rotary furnace (1) is inclined with respect to horizontal plane. Heat conduction wall (5) is provided at the upper portion of the furnace. A propagation path (6) is formed between the heat conduction wall and the internal surface of furnace. A combustion gas is let in from lower portion of the furnace where part of the combustion gas are shunted and pass through the propagation path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Part of the exhaust gas are let out and reminder of the exhaust gas are recirculated to the furnace. The organic substance meet the combustion gas midway through the furnace.    USE -   For combustion of organic waste containing solids.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need for performing deodorant operation since complete decomposition of the organic refuse is performed. Has high thermal efficiency since length of the furnace is kept short. Prevents drifting of combustion gas due to shunting of the combustion gas. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a 3D cross- sectional view of a rotary furnace. (1) Rotary furnace; (5) Heat conduction wall; (6) Propagation path.
NOVELTY - The method involves: (a) preparing a sheet material for protective covering with an adhesion surface large enough to attach several solar battery bodies; (b) applying adhesive to at least one adhesion surface for protective covering of the solar battery bodies; (c) bonding the solar battery bodies to the sheet material; and (d) cutting the resulting solar battery bodies into a desired number of bodies covered with the sheet material.    USE - The solar battery is for use on e.g. a satellite.    ADVANTAGE - The method controls the leakage of adhesive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show front views illustrating the steps of bonding a sheet material for protective covering to solar battery bodies and of separating the sheet material.
NOVELTY - After the final washing stage the silicon grains are placed, in a perforated container, in a heated vacuum tight vessel of VA-2 or VA-4 steel, which is electro-polished or coated with a clean room compatible temperature resistant material, e.g. silicon, Teflon or PFA. A cycle of evacuation and flooding the vessel with extremely pure air with a relative humidity of less than 20% or a pure inert gas is repeated several times.    USE - For drying pulverized silicon prior to smelting in the production of high grade polycrystalline semiconductor materials, e.g. for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Extracts all residual moisture from the material, microstructure at temperatures below 100 degrees C.
NOVELTY - A catalytic device (22) in bottom of a well (12), separates hydrogen and ethylene oxide generated during ethanol dehydrogenation. Respective chambers of catalytic device are permeable to hydrogen and ethylene oxide, respectively, and are transferred to top of the well via respective conduits (25,27) by utilizing high pressure in well.    USE - For electricity generating system.    ADVANTAGE - Tubes or conduits have cross-sectional configuration that is effective for collecting intended products. Collects and segregates products accordingly to preclude unwanted reactions between products and other materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Ethanol is supplied from top of the well of sufficient depth. The products from endothermic reactions are used to create exothermic reactions for generating electricity. An open ended tube passes through and extends beyond the catalytic device for transporting remaining endothermic product and residual endothermic reactant to one of conduits to earth surface. Separate storage devices (18,16) are coupled to conduits (25,27) for storing corresponding products of endothermic reactions. A combination turbine coupled to conduits creates exothermic reaction for generating electricity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of geothermal heat generation system.    Well (12)    Storage devices (18,16)    Catalytic device (22)    Conduits (25,27)
NOVELTY - A rotator (3) connected to a generator is embedded under road surface (5). The thickness of road surface and rotator outer surface is made identical. When the outer surface of rotator and that of running vehicle wheel (6) are contacted, the rotator is reversed by the turning effort of vehicle wheel resulting in generation of power.    USE -   For power generation using turning effort of vehicle wheel.    ADVANTAGE -   Requires no resources as power is generated by utilizing turning effort of vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows explanatory diagram of the electric power generation apparatus. (3) Rotator; (5) Road surface; (6) Vehicle wheel.
NOVELTY - An absorption layer (13) of copper-indium and gallium-selenium group compound or cadmium tellurium is provided over a glass substrate (11). The layer holds the slow cooling point of the glass above a set temperature and the coefficient of expansion within certain range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The slow cooling point is above 550 C. The coefficient of expansion is 6 x 10-6C - 10 x 10-6C. The glass substrate comprises 40-80 wt.% silica, 5-15 wt.% alumina, 1-15 wt.% each of sodium oxide and potassium oxide, and 1-10 wt.% magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, barium oxide and zinc oxide.    USE -   For compound thin film batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents distortion and improves yield by raising slow cooling point and lowering thermal expansion coefficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a structural drawing of CIGS group solar battery. (11) Glass substrate; (13) Thin film.
NOVELTY - Paste containing heat resistant inactive particle and binder is coated over transparent substrate (1) having transparent electrically conductive film (2) and is baked. Cadmium sulphide and cadmium telluride films (4,5) are formed sequentially above substrate. The particle layer, cadmium sulphide and upper layer of cadmium telluride film are then patterned.    USE -   For manufacturing of cadmium sulphide-cadmium telluride solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates increase in resistance of transparent electrically conductive film of battery. Offers battery with sufficient reproducibility and conversion efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of manufacturing process of solar battery. (1) Transparent substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film; (4) Cadmium sulphide film; (5) Cadmium telluride film.
NOVELTY - A pair of silicon layers (3, 4) and a reflex preventive layer (6) are formed sequentially on electrode layer (2). The electromotive force generated in the silicon layers by optical irradiation is extracted from the electrode layer and reflex preventive layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrode layer (2) contains multiple silicon grains (2a) and metallic elements forming eutectic system on a substrate (1). A buffer layer is interposed between the electrode layer and substrate.    USE -   E.g., solar battery and photo-sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases element conversion efficiency by seed effect of silicon grain in metal layer, crystallization promotion effect, surface reflecting rate reduction effect using RIE method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows schematic sectional view of conversion apparatus. (1) Substrate; (2) Electrode layer; (2a) Silicon grains; (3,4) Silicon layers; (6) Reflex preventive layer.
NOVELTY - The motor has two gears (12,24) mounted on shafts (16,28) in a frame that each have the inner end of a coil spring (36,56) attached to them. The gears are mechanically connected and the springs are wound in opposite directions so that potential energy is transferred back and forth in an oscillating fashion between the springs.    USE - For providing rotational mechanical power, which may be used to generate electricity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The motor has a frame on which two gears are mounted via separate shafts, with each shaft having a coil spring attached to it. The peripheral teeth (14,26) of the two gears are mechanically connected so that rotation of one gear causes the rotation of the other. The springs are oppositely wound around the two shafts so that as one spring unwinds, potential energy is transferred to the second spring so that it winds up.    The transfer of potential energy then reverses, with the second spring unwinding and transferring potential energy back to the first spring, with this pattern repeating until the potential energy is depleted. Chains (76,78) are attached to the peripheral teeth of the gears so that they are linearly displaced as the gears oscillate, and a linking chain (96,98) connects the inner ends of the springs to sprockets (88,92) that engage the chain so that linear displacement of the chain causes rotational displacement of the gears.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A plan view of one embodiment of the spring motor    Gears (12,24)    Shafts (16,28)    Coil springs (36,56)    Chains (76,78)    Sprockets (88,92)    Linking chains (96,98)    Generator (100)
NOVELTY - A substrate is processed via actuating mechanisms. The substrate upper end protrudes above ground, and the bottom end, is fastened with piles. The electricity generation mechanism involves storing an appropriate amount of water (oil) in a tank. The upper end of one side of the tank is installed with an electricity generator, the shaft end of which has a fan.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The tank is separately connected to the pistons in each hydraulic cylinder through a transmission pipe, converging to a main pipe through a discharge pipe. The open end of the main pipe corresponds to the fan side of the electricity generator.
NOVELTY - A strip-shaped substrate (10) is conveyed longitudinally through a film forming chamber (204, 206) connected using several gas gates (411, 511). The film is deposited continuously on the strip. Before the formation of the film, an ultraviolet light (3) is irradiated on the substrate in oxygen atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the continuous film-forming apparatus. The film forming chamber is provided with a device to irradiate ultraviolet light on the substrate in an oxygen atmosphere. The film forming chamber is provided with a mechanism for the conveyance of strip-shaped substrate continuously, and with some gas gates.    The ultraviolet radiation is obtained from excimer lamp, low pressure mercury vapor lamp or excimer laser. The wavelength of light employed is chosen from 184.9 nm, 245.4 nm and 253.7 nm.    USE -   For photovoltaic cell.    ADVANTAGE -   By the irradiation of ultraviolet light the contamination on the strip-shaped substrate can be removed uniformly. The adhesion to membranous substrate is raised.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the apparatus used for the continuous film forming method. (3) Ultraviolet irradiation lamp; (10) Strip-shaped substrate; (204, 206) Film forming chamber; (411,511) Gas gates.
NOVELTY - The panel has a collecting surface (2) which incorporates an array of lenses (13).    USE - For providing solar heating e.g. for heating water or a roof space. For mounting on e.g. a roof.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the efficiency of solar energy absorption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lenses may be concavo-convex, plano-convex or bi-convex in shape.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a detailed section through the panel.    collecting surface (2)    top wall (9)    bottom wall (10)    lower surface of top wall (12)    lenses (13)
NOVELTY - The converter consists of a frame carrying paddle units which are capable of moving successively in series when driven by progressing waves. The motion of the paddle units is turned into electric energy. Each paddle unit comprises a paddle plate (28) at the end of a pivoting rod (20) secured to a crankshaft (22) on the frame.    USE - For producing electric energy from sea waves.    ADVANTAGE - Attains and produces more energy since both wave length and wave width are utilized. Produces energy regardless of wave height.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the energy converter.    rod (20)    crankshaft (22)    paddle plate (28)
NOVELTY - A radiation board (70) is heated by a condensed solar light (11) thermally. A coiled spring (40) connected thermally with the radiation board is deformed thermally due to the increase in temperature of the board so that the position or the angle of a solar light beam condenser is varied with respect to the solar light projection angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar light condenser has a condenser lens or a reflecting plate to condense a solar light. A solar cell (30) converts the condensed solar light into electrical power. The coiled spring (40) is mechanically connected at one end with a solar light condenser. The spring is deformed thermally due to a change in temperature.    USE -   For solar power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies structure of solar light tracking apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates side view of solar battery module. (11) Solar light; (30) Solar cell; (40) Coiled spring; (70) Radiation board.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (6) comprises a silicon crystal layer or an amorphous silicon layer. When the solar battery is heated by a heater (21), arranged backside of battery far infrared ray from the silicon crystal layer or an amorphous silicon layer is radiated.    USE -   For solar power generation roof installed in building for de-icing work.    ADVANTAGE -   The de-icing of entire snow coverage on roof sheathing is removed effectively, by equalizing battery heating. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts partial fracture perspective view of roof sheathing with solar battery. (6) Solar battery; (21) Heater.
NOVELTY - The low mechanical resistance joint allows individual cells to be snapped off without damaging them.    USE - Manufacture of electro-optical or photovoltaic cell batches.    ADVANTAGE - Only a single batch is needed to obtain cells with 3 substrates which can be easily individually divided cost effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded view of the cell structure.    external substrates (4,8)    intermediate substrate (6)    sealing frames (14,16)    low mechanical resistance grooves (32)
NOVELTY - The arrangement has one or more waterwheels located beside or near one another of an identical type of construction, in every desired large number through arbitrary combinations, which are driven in the same direction by the natural water flow present. The extracted energy is converted into electrical energy by generators.    USE - For selective multiplication of floating electricity water power plants.    ADVANTAGE - Low cost design needing no dams or separate power house, etc..    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The individual waterwheels are mounted on floating boats and are carried by them. The axles of the individual wheels of the same row of axles can be connected in the middle boats for force agglomeration by coupling sleeves and can be exchanged individually in the case of repair.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the power plant.
NOVELTY - The power generator uses a spherical weight attached via a self releasing hook to a steel cable. The weight falls under gravity down a pair of guiding vertical transport shafts and in so doing unwinds a first steel cable whilst winding a second steel cable on a two part drum which is coupled to a flywheel generator. A plunger pushes the weight at the bottom of the shaft into a water filled return shaft and the weight floats to the surface. The cycle repeats and electricity is continually generated by the flywheel generator.    USE - Gravity powered electricity generation    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Side and end views showing arrangement at foot of transport tube
NOVELTY - Exhaust gas (G) from an exhaust tube flows in an inner cylinder (19). The inner cylinder has heat retention surface (19a) in which heat retention fins (21) are formed. Heat-retention fin has plate-shaped objects with mutually different height, which are arranged parallelly along the gas flow direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A heat-dissipation surface (13a) is formed as an outer cylinder (11) opposing to the heat-retention surface. A high temperature end face (33a) adhered to the heat- retention surface has a thermoelectric conversion module (33).    USE -   For generating electrical power using heat of exhaust gas ejected from engine of motor vehicle, reactor of factory.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides enlarged output of electricity as collection efficiency of exhaust heat is high. As gaseous- diffusion efficiency is raised, thermoelectric conversion efficiency is also raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of power generator. (11,19) Outer and inner cylinders; (13a) Heat-dissipation surface; (19a) Heat retention surface; (21) Fins; (33) Conversion module; (33a) End face.
NOVELTY - After manufacture of the solar panel (2C), a reinforcement (6F) is moulded onto its rear side portion by injection of fluid raw material. A sealing frame (12) is simultaneously moulded along with the moulding of the reinforcement thus fixing the reinforcement to the panel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A surface transparent guard plate, photoelectric conversion layer having solar battery (1E) and a backside cover material are mutually laminated. This panel is covered by a polymeric material for sealing it. A wire (23b) is embedded in the reinforcement for current conduction.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for roof attached with solar battery module. The solar battery module is attached to the roof surface.    USE -   Makes solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   As the process of moulding and fixing the reinforcement is not made separately, manufacturing becomes quick and simple. A reinforcement embedded with wires is manufactured easily, so the cost of solar battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross sectional drawing of the solar battery. (1E) Solar battery module; (2C) Solar panel; (6F) Reinforcement member; (12) Sealing frame; and (23b) External lead wire.
NOVELTY - Heat output during generation of electricity from water is used to ferment organic waste and produce methane which is used to generate electricity.    USE -   Used for processing organic waste obtained from food industry and fishing industry for power generation.    ADVANTAGE -    The by-products CO2 and H2O can be utilized for recycling during waste fermentation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic block diagram of apparatus used for electricity generation from waste.
NOVELTY - Allows retracting pneumatic battery elements to be used to provide aircraft propulsion drive.    USE - Propulsion source for air transport vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The propulsion technique does not use scarce combustible materials and thus does not pollute the atmosphere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the propulsion conversion system    outer circumference (1)    paddles (2)    inner section (6)    inner roller mechanisms (7)    compression batteries (170 outer wheels(29)    electrical motor generators (20)    turbine drive (21)
NOVELTY - The collector has photovoltaic cells (8), are mounted on support bars (9) that are fitted with spacers (11) and are coupled into a tensioner system having springs (4). Spacers are also fitted on the sides. A number of the panels are fitted within a casing that has a circulating gaseous cooling system for temperature control.    USE - Solar energy collection system.    ADVANTAGE - Simultaneous production of thermal and electrical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view of a panel support    Springs (4)    Photovoltaic cells (8)    Support bars (9)    Spacers (11)
NOVELTY - The solar cell panels are produced in the form of solar cell strips that are several millimeters wide. The cells (4) are produced as photovoltaic elements that are etched in a layer on the surface of a glass plate (1). The strips can have various geometric shapes, e.g. straight lines or a zig zag pattern. The cells are coupled to collector lines (3).    USE - Solar energy collection.    ADVANTAGE - Allows light to pass through panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a glazing panel in the form and function of a solar module, with integrated striped thin layer solar cells.    glass plate (1)    power collector lines (3)    photocells (4)
NOVELTY - Solar cell roof tile has transparent glass front support layer, a transparent encapsulant ionomer layer, interconnected solar cells (110), and a flexible back skin layer (108b), composed of two olefinic ionomers, which is wrapped around the cells to contact the front support layer and form a frame (107). Stand-offs (121) on the frame create a space between the tile and an adjacent overlapping tile. A hole is provided in the frame and an electrical lead and a connector are embedded in the back skin layer.    USE - A solar cell roof tile which can be made and fitted more economically.    ADVANTAGE - The tile has a strong and weatherable backing which also provides a polymer frame providing an edge seal and eliminating any need for an aluminium frame or additional sealing materials. There is also no need for a scrim layer to remove air during lamination.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of manufacturing the tile by laminating an assembly of the front support layer, encapsulant layer, solar cells, and back skin layer using heat and pressure and embedding a connector and an electrical lead in the back of the back skin layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a solar cell roof tile.    Frame and back skin layer (107,108b)    Interconnected solar cells (110)    Stand-offs (121)
NOVELTY - Several impellers (2) installed uniformly are rotated by compressed air flowing through a pipe (1). The high speed rotation of the generator is obtained through the intermediate pulleys and the generator pulley. Large electric power is generated.    USE -   For electricity generation using compressed air and also hydraulic power, electric power.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides inexpensive installation cost and simple construction by using compressed air. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of electricity generation system. (1) Pipe; (2) Impellers.
NOVELTY - The device (A) is partitioned into inflow and outflow chambers (1,5). A circulation hole (4) in partition boards accommodate the turbine (8). Generators (10) installed in outflow chambers are covered with lid (7), such that its shaft (9) juxtaposes the turbine. The window (C) of emission chambers have stopper plates (6) facing outwards. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The inflow chambers (1) have back stopper plates (2) provided in the slitting (B).    USE -   For generating electricity using flow of water by wave generated on coasts, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers a stable electric power generation using a simple device at cheap cost, since expensive energies are not used. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of the device. (1,5) Inflow and outflow chambers; (4) Circulation hole; (6) Stopper plates; (7) Lid; (8) Turbine; (10) Generator; (A) Device; (B) Slitting; (C) Window.
NOVELTY - Slag or slag derivative is made to react with sulphuric acid to precipitate gypsum which is then separated by solid-liquid isolation method. The concentration of separated liquid is increased to 1N or more and amorphous silica is made to precipitate. The amorphous silica separated by solid-liquid isolation method, is subsequently cleaned with pure mineral water to obtain 1000 ppm or less dried amorphous silica containing 0.5 ppm or less of boron and phosphorus as impurities.    USE -   As silicon raw material for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Highly pure silica with less content of boron and phosphorus is efficiently manufactured by simple process. Gypsum obtained as by-product in the process, is used as construction material.
NOVELTY - A photoresist film is formed on the substrate coated with dried film of fused tin and dopant compounds. An alkaline developer is used to etch both the resist and dried layer. The simultaneously unetched resist portion is peeled and dried while the etched dried layer is baked to form a pattern.    USE -   For transparent display electrodes in touch panels, plasma display panels, liquid crystal display panels and solar batteries, etc..    ADVANTAGE -   The process is simplified by simultaneous etching. Pattern film of transparent conductive oxide is obtained.
NOVELTY - The watch has a chargeable storage member, an upper body (220) of heat conductive material and a back (226) of heat conductive material. A thermoelectric generation unit (180) includes a first heat conductive plate (120) incorporating one or more thermoelectric transducers (140) and constitutes a heat absorption plate, and a second heat conductive plate (170) acting as a heat dissipating plate. A flat heat conductor (244) contacts the second heat conductive plate. The upper body (220) has a protrusion protruding toward the back and allowing the conduction of heat between the upper body and heat conductor. A heat conductive spacer (320) contacts the first heat conductive plate and the inner surface of the back. The back is thermally insulated from the upper body by a lower body (224).    USE - A watch.    ADVANTAGE - Heat dissipating path is shortened and generation efficiency is high.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the watch.    thermoelectric generation unit (180)    upper body (220)    back (226)    heat conductor (244)    heat conductive spacer (320)
NOVELTY - Working generative liquid (4) passing through a vortex turbine (42A) in a passage way is heated by heating sources. Helical buoyancy power generated from the liquid is transduced for rotating a gas-vapor pressure turbine (78C-78G). A cold temperature source condenses the gas vapor to liquid which is once again recycled.    USE - For converting the buoyancy power into usable energy in thermal differentials energy generators.    ADVANTAGE - The system does not depend or work on any particular temperature and size as the floturbines are able to work from very low to high temperatures. The system is also flexible in use as the system is able to work at any high or low speed. As the generative fluid is condensed and recycled, the efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The floturbine (35) releases the hot generative liquid which is stored in a chamber (82). By using the pressurized generative fluid, gas-vapor conventional turbines are rotated. An internal plenum is defined by a closed loop tube, which is supported by upper and lower rotors. The tube by its arcuate transition lengths define a vertical rising length terminated at the top and bottom. This tube defines a passage way for continuous cyclic flow of liquid through the rotors. Each tube segment defined in the inner side of close tube has vents for spilling generative fluid. The vents has gates which is operated under closed or open mode for closing off the internal plenum. The gate enhances in capturing of the buoyant gas. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a system including a floturbine of closable tube segment for converting the buoyancy power into usable energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagrammatic view of the generator with the passage way.    Generative liquid (4)    Floturbine (35)    Vortex turbine (42A)    Gas-vapor conventional turbines (78C-78G)    Chamber (82)
NOVELTY - When the temperature of the water leaving the solar panel is greater than the temperature of the water entering it, solar energy is transferred to the house via a second pipe network and a heat exchanger (9) in a third pipe network. If the reverse is the case the first and second pipe networks are connected to the evaporator side of a heat pump. When no heat needs to be supplied to the house the heat pump is deactivated and the first and second pipe networks are linked together to enable solar energy to be stored in the soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A first pipe network (1) linked to a loop (2) for extracting heat from rocks is used to receive solar energy collected by a second pipe network (2) linked to a solar panel (4). The second pipe network can be coupled to the evaporator side (6a) of a heat pump (6), the condenser side (6b) of which is linked by a third pipe network (3) to the heat-processing unit in the house.    USE -   A central heating system can be operated by this method.    ADVANTAGE -   More efficient use of solar energy is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the heating system. (1) First pipe network; (1a) Circulation pump; (1b) Reverse valve; (2) Pipe loop extending ca. 300 m underground; (3) Second pipe network; (3a) Circulation pump; (3b) Three-way valve; (3c, 3d) Temperature sensors; (4) Solar panel; (4a) Temperature sensor; (5) Third pipe network; (5a) Electric boiler; (5b) Three-way valve; (5c) Circulation pump; (5d) Temperature sensor; (5e) Radiators; (5e1) Air cooler; (6) Heat pump; (6a) Evaporator side of heat pump; (6b) Condenser side of heat pump; (6c) Compressor; (7, 8) Liquid heat carrying medium (water) flow direction; (9) Heat exchanger; (10) Hot water tank; (10a) Temperature sensor; (11) Thermostat; (12) Hot water flow direction; (13-15) Three-way valves; (16) Fourth pipe network.
NOVELTY - A buoy (6) anchored at a sufficient depth to prevent it from rotating is provided with a rotation axle (9a), about which the wave power machine can rotate and rise up and down with the aid of its ballast tanks. The top part of the rotation axle has a relatively large diameter and the axle is also provided with a protective tube (9b). An electric cable (10) extends from the wave power machine into a plug (17) the top part of the tube, from where it splits into three smaller flexible electric cables (18) that pass through the tube and axle to a junction box (19) beneath the buoy. A single electric cable (10) then leads from the junction box to the shore.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The electric cable from the wave power machine is prevented from becoming twisted and possibly breaking as a result, without affecting the ability of the wave power machine to rise and fall with the waves. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a vertical section through a wave power machine and the anchoring device. (1) Wave power machine; (2) Sloping surface of wave power machine; (3) Basin; (4) Ballast tanks; (5) Horizontal parts associated with the sloping surface; (6) Buoy; (6a) Ballast valves; (7) Cables; (7a) Anchor; (8) Sea water; (9a) Rotation axle; (9b) Protective tube for rotation axle; (10) Electric cable; (11) Bars; (12) Slide bearing; (13) Flange; (14) Bolts; (15, 16) NO DESCRIPTION GIVEN; (17) Plug; (18) Electric cables; (19) Junction box; (20) Revolution counter; (21) NO DESCRIPTION GIVEN.
NOVELTY - A coating liquid containing metal alkoxide or metal salt is applied over a transparent substrate, followed by drying and ultraviolet irradiation of the dried film.    USE -   For electrodes of LCD, touch panel sensor, solar battery, etc..    ADVANTAGE -   Transparent electrically conductive film of low specific resistance and high visualisation light transmittance is formed at low temperature and in a short time.
NOVELTY - A number of wave calming floats (1) move freely with wave motion, but are anchored to a central buoyancy float (7). Suspended generators (3), beneath the floats and contained in buoyancy jackets (10) are operated by a particular float via a toothed rod (2) and gear box (5), thereby giving continuous rotary motion to the generator. The whole machine is anchored to the sea bed by a central anchor (8), which also provides a distribution point for the power via cables.    USE - Attacks the problem of coastal erosion offshore by dissipating wave energy.    ADVANTAGE - Dissipates the wave energy to provide electricity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The generators are spaced from the central float by tie rods (4) fixed centrally by swivel joints which are latched to prevent the generators under-running the central pivot, and also by anchor hawsers (6) which restrict generator movement to a maximum arc of 90 degrees. The ratios between the tie rods, the length and angle of toothed rods, the length and circular path of the generator due to the hawser, enables maximizes movement of the toothed rod and hence, generator, whilst at the same time prevents the bottom end of the toothed rod from hitting the sea bed when either the machine is at low water, or at the bottom of wave motion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of the machine with two floats:    Wave calming floats (1)    Toothed rod (2)    Suspended generators (3)    Tie rods (4)    Gear box (5)    Anchor hawsers (6)    Central buoyancy float (7)    Central anchor (8)    Buoyancy jackets (10)
NOVELTY - The solar collector (1) has an absorber pipe (4) through which a heat transfer medium is passed, enclosed by an elongate concentrator (2a) for focussing the incident solar radiation (3) onto the absorber pipe via a series of light deflection prisms (6). The concentrator tracks the movement of the sun, for maintaining its symmetry plane (9) parallel to he incident solar radiation, with a mirrored reflection surface (13) at the rear of the absorber pipe.    USE - For solar-thermic energy plant.    ADVANTAGE - The solar collector ensures maximum solar efficiency and uniform heating of absorber pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section through a solar collector.    Solar collector (1)    Elongate concentrator (2a)    Incident solar radiation (3)    Absorber pipe (4)    Light deflection prisms (6)    Symmetry plane (9)    Mirrored reflection surface (13)
NOVELTY - The collector has fixed reflectors (parabolic or plane mirrors) on a cylindrical surface parallel to its axis, and a moving solar radiation absorber. The reflectors illuminate the same cylindrical surface generatrix and the absorber moves to coincide with the generatrix. The cylindrical surface diameter is shorter than its height. The cylinder axis is orientated East-West and the absorber (a steam or vapor generator) has photocells.    USE - The collector is for solar radiation.
NOVELTY - An electrolysis fuel cell which is a solid polymer electrolyte cell receives oxygen from compressor and hydrogen from a hydrogen storage unit. The cell disintegrates water from external source into hydrogen and oxygen by electric charge from energy source. The hydrogen generated is stored and combined with air in cell, to produce electric power and oxygen is purged as exhaust.    USE - For generating electric power using stored hydrogen created from water and electricity for use by automobiles, boats, hydrogen fuel cell car, trains, air planes and in homes, stores, schools, hotels, factories.    ADVANTAGE - As small, light weight, high power to weight ratio electrolysis fuel cell is used for source of moving power, highly efficient electric charge and discharge is obtained for covering driving distance of about 1000 Km. Hydrogen storage tank is not replaced often, as it is made of alloy having high hydrogen adsorption coefficient at low temperature and storage of hydrogen lasts for longer period. Does not generate environmentally polluting exhaust.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for generating power using hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram of process performed to generate hydrogen in power generator.
NOVELTY - A superlattice on a substrate (16) comprises many thin quantum barrier layers (112) of e.g. lead europium telluride selenide alternating with thin quantum well layers (114) of bismuth antimonide.    USE - As thermoelectric elements and devices (claimed) for heating, cooling, power generation and temperature sensing.    ADVANTAGE - The thermoelectric figure of merit is enhanced and the energy band structure of the superlattice can be optimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A superlattice on a substrate comprises many thin quantum barrier layers of L1-yMyDzJ1-z alternating with many thin quantum well layers of BixR1-x, where    L is Eu, Sr, Ba or Ca, M is Pb, Sn or Ge, D and J are Te, Se or S but are not the same and R is a group V element; x, y and z lie between zero and one. The barrier layers are insulating so that all current flows in the well layers and there is a buffer layer (118) between the substrate and superlattice.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a n-type thermoelectric element having a superlattice structure as above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A cross-section of the superlattice structure is shown.    Substrate (16)    Barrier layer (112)    Quantum well layer (114)    Buffer layer (118)
NOVELTY - A gate controller (5) generates a first pulse during first half cycle of the reference AC voltage signal and second pulse during second half cycle of reference AC voltage signal. The gate controller controls conversion of DC power to AC power which is opposite in phase with respect to reference AC voltage signal.    USE - For converting DC power from solar photovoltaic array to AC power which is supplied to home appliances.    ADVANTAGE - Offers flexibility of using solar inverter circuit with any number of solar cell panels through implementation of transformer and an additional optional output for DC battery charging.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - One side of a transformer (6) receives reference AC voltage signal and its second side is connected to the gate controller. An H-bridge circuit (2a) which receives DC power, has switching devices which are chosen from one among IGBT, GTO, SCR, bipolar junction transistor, TRIAC, MOS-controlled thyristor. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the method of converting DC power to AC power based on reference AC voltage signal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of solar inverter circuit.    H-bridge circuit (2a)    Gate controller (5)    Transformer (6)
NOVELTY - The structure includes n-type or p-type crystal layer (11) and beta iron silicide layer (12) which are formed on rear side of electrode (13).    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electricity generation efficiency of battery remarkably by controlling absorption edge of wavelengths and particle diameter of iron silicide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of electrode structure for solar battery. (11) Silicon crystal layer; (12) Iron silicide layer; (13) Electrode .
NOVELTY - The scraps of indium tin oxide (ITO) sintered compact are ground into granules of diameter 0.5 mm or less which are then molded and sintered to obtain ITO sintered compact.    USE -   Used for ITO sputtering target for forming ITO thin film used as display electrode for flat display panel, as window material for solar batteries, etc..    ADVANTAGE -   ITO sintered compact with good mechanical strength is offered simply and economically so crack generation in the compact is prevented.
NOVELTY - The thermoelectric material contains a metal matrix in which a material other than the composition of metal matrix is distributed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of thermoelectric material.    USE -   For electricity generator.    ADVANTAGE -   The efficiency of the thermoelectric material is high. The oxidation resistance and electricity generating efficiency are increased. High industrial utility is offered.
NOVELTY - A total reflection mirror (7) which receives solar light, reflects back the short wavelength light. The isolated long wavelength light is then condensed by a condenser lens and heated, and heat absorption of solar light is performed which is then given to a solar battery (9).    USE -   The device is set inside fixed panel case installed on roof of home.    ADVANTAGE -   Redemption of installation can be performed, quickly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial side view of electrical power generating device. (7) Total reflection mirror; (9) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (6) generates DC power in response to the light emitted by a light emitting device (5). The strong electric field (4) from transmission line (3) causes spectrum transition in mercury which causes light emitting device to emit light. The generated electric power is supplied to a load through terminals (7,8).    USE -   For e.g. lighting.    ADVANTAGE -   The continuous electricity generation is made possible. Eliminates influence of weather conditions such as wind, light. Offers easy installation. Generates power from both strong electric field of transmission line and sunlight. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of electrical power generating device. (3) Transmission line; (4) Electric field; (5) Light emitting device; (6) Solar battery; (7,8) Terminals.
NOVELTY - Solar battery element has lower electrode film (2), amorphous silicon layer and upper electrode (4) containing metal conductor layer formed one over the other on base board. Upper electrode of one element is connected to lower electrode of another element using conducting paste (5). Border line of upper electrode at interconnecting point is increased by providing comb shape (7).    USE -   Used as power supply of electronic wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   As border length of the interconnected upper layer is increased by providing a comb shape, junction with low contact resistance is obtained. EMF generated is not lost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the plan view of the border arrangement. (2) Lower electrode film; (4) Upper electrode; (5) Conducting paste; (7) Comb-shape.
NOVELTY - The flow regulation component adjusts the rate of flow of high temperature heat carrier through the passage (40a) of connecting tube (40). The control component (90) controls the flow regulation component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thermoelectric apparatus (10) has a thermoelectric cell (20) in an accommodation case (30). The thermocell is activated by external heat to produce an electromotive force. The connecting tube (40) guides the high temperature heat carrier into the accommodation case.    USE -   For electromotive force generation based on external heat.    ADVANTAGE -   The entire thermoelectric cell is heated uniformly, hence electricity is generated in a short time. The high temperature heat carrier in the cell is easily controlled. The electricity is released to the exterior of the accommodation case by release opening. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the block diagram of thermoelectric apparatus. (10)Thermoelectric apparatus; (20) Thermoelectric cell; (30) Accommodation case; (40) Connecting tube; (40a) passage; (90) Control component.
NOVELTY - 0.05 to 0.5 moles of an additive agent is applied on the combustion ashes on a boiler at high temperature region e.g. 800 degrees celsius, especially when the ashes contain 51 moles of vanadium oxide or has calcium carbonate, ferrite, or sodium carbonate.    USE -   For ashes adhered on e.g. superheater pipe, reheater pipe of boiler which uses super heavy oil emulsion as fuel.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces amount of adhered ashes; the remaining ashes can be easily removed by a soot blower. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a boiler.
NOVELTY - The method involves (a) determining an arrangement range in which the solar batteries can be arranged on a surface (b) determining an arranging direction of the modules (c) calculating the number of solar battery modules that can be arranged horizontally in the direction and within the range (d) combining modules of a line of not more than the calculated number to form a module group and (e) arranging the groups to set a center of the group within the determined range and near a line vertically dividing the surface in two parts    USE - The method is used to arrange rectangular solar batteries into an array for positioning on a roof.    ADVANTAGE - Optimally arranges batteries in an array.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the module arrangement method.
NOVELTY - A solar element made out metal that can be profiled in a conventional way in the longitudinal direction and can be joined together by suitable design of the longitudinal edges, has the transparent covering of a solar collector and/or a photovoltaic-solar module fastened in positive-locking fashion on the topside of the sheet metal panel. From this a torsion-proof plate arises whose channels running in the longitudinal direction can be used as conductors for liquid or gaseous media to transport solar heat.    ADVANTAGE - Lightweight, yet sufficiently stable to prevent damage to the solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The underside of the sheet metal panel is closed with a flat or profiled cover and thereby, further channels arise.
NOVELTY - The modules (1) are fastened to a module support (2) by screw, rivet, or glue connections (6). The electric connection between the photovoltaic module terminals (3) of a unit is realized by cables (4). For further cable harness are used pre-assembled coupling cables (5), with fitted plug connectors. The performance of individual module units can be improved by interconnection of preselected modules of the same class.    USE - For solar cell installations of different sizes and performances.    ADVANTAGE - Facility for simple assembly on site without time consuming and costly fitting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure presents the view of the rear side of the module unit.    modules (1)    module support (2)    module terminal (3)    module coupling cable (4)    cable harness connecting cable (5)    screw etc. connections (6)
A universal solar apparatus is composed of light gathering lens consisting of wind-resistant plate and turnable lens, energy collector and non-electric sun follower, and serves to quick provide hot water, boiling water and steam, generate electricity, heat, bake food, drive solar water pump and engine and desalinate sea water. Its advantages are low cost, high temperature, quick heating, long temperature-maintaining period, no scale deposit and resisting against strong wind.
NOVELTY - The watch has a chargeable storage member (420), an upper body (220) of heat conductive material and a back (226) of heat conductive material. A thermoelectric generation unit (180) includes a first heat conductive plate (120) incorporating one or more thermoelectric transducers (140) and constitutes a heat absorption plate, and a second heat conductive plate (170) acting as a heat dissipating plate transferring heat to the upper body. A heat conductive spacer (320) contacts the first heat conductive plate and the inner surface of the back. The back is thermally insulated from the upper body by a lower body (224) constituting a heat insulating member.    USE - A watch.    ADVANTAGE - Generation efficiency is high.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the watch.    thermoelectric generation unit (180)    upper body (220)    back (226)    heat conductive spacer (320)
NOVELTY - A solar panel (26) which is coupled to rear face (16) of the telephone, converts ambient light into electric power. A rechargeable battery (28) situated within the interior space of telephone, supplies power to solar panel. Power connection circuit connected between solar panel (26) and a battery (28) permits flow of power from panel to battery and vice versa.    USE - For powering portable cellular phones.    ADVANTAGE - Remains operable even if one of battery fails in device. By placing solar panel on rear portion of telephone, panel is in an ideal position for exposure to ambient light.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A front face of portable cellular phone is provided with number of operating components such as display, keys, microphone, speaker.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of cellular phone with solar panel attachment.    Rear face of telephone (16)    Solar panel (26)    Battery (28)
NOVELTY - Several discs (3,4) are rotatably attached onto a horizontal center shaft (2). Arms (5-20) are rotatably attached onto the discs. The arms are supported at specific position by bearing bars and back face (42) so that it is not made to hang downward. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - If one of the arm which corresponds to horizontal position of the center of the shaft is dropped down the lower arm is supported by the back face. As the arm is dropped down it is vertically hung downward without falling due to which an unbalance is caused by which the entire system is rotated.    USE -   The gravity rotary machine is used for generating power and also used as giant wheel in amusement park.    ADVANTAGE -   Large torque can be obtained by rotation of machine. Balance of the shaft as well as disc can be maintained. Does not require external energy for rotation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows front elevation of gravity rotary machine. (2) Center shaft; (3,4) Discs; (5-20) Arms; (42) Back face.
NOVELTY - The winding type solar sheet (10) is stored in winding accommodation unit. The sheet is made of material containing amorphous semiconductor. The sheet is pulled out from the winding storage accommodation unit for power generation.    USE -   In vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not damage the exterior of vehicles on sheet is wound when not in use. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows plan view of vehicle mounted solar power generator. (10) Solar sheet.
NOVELTY - A high voltage generator is coupled to a turbine (102) via a shaft (101). The generator has solid insulation and each winding is directly connected via coupling elements to a transmission or distribution network having a voltage of 2-50kV, preferably higher than 10kV.    USE - Power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The distribution transformer can be omitted, and the 20kV accepted limit can be exceeded. The generator is not sensitive to salt, humidity or temperature variations.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a view of a partially stripped winding cable, and a simplified view of the wind power generator arrangement.    Shaft (101)    Turbine (102)
NOVELTY - The system (1) has a light deflecting pane (2) with a surface structured to form cylinder lens (3). Solar cells (6) are glued to a second pane (4) facing the light source. In summer when the suns rays are predominately from the direction A they are focussed on the cells so that the room is shaded and the cells provide electric power. In winter (direction B) the rays are focussed on the gaps (7) between the cells and warm the room.    USE - For energy conservation, particularly for low energy houses.    ADVANTAGE - Optimum use of solar radiation    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section through double glazing to the present invention.    double glazing system (1)    light deflecting pane (2)    cylinder lens (3)    second pane (4)    solar cells (6)    gaps between solar cells (7)    direction of suns rays in summer (A)    direction of suns rays in winter (B)
NOVELTY - Laminations (4) are fitted to the container (2) surface inside, on which the solar cells (1) are located for better heat convection to the coolant. The laminations are perforated for improved coolant circulation. The container rear side (6) tapers downwards to prevent direct solar irradiation. At the bottom or top part of the container is an inlet/outlet hole for coolant filling and draining.    USE - For maintaining high photovoltaic activity of solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Efficiency increase of solar modules.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure presents cross-section of solar module    solar cells (1)    metal container (2)    laminations (4)    container rear side. (6)
NOVELTY - The screen (6), inclined to the vertical, is placed across the mouth of the intake (7) through which water is being drawn (B) from e.g. a reservoir (1). Compressed air is supplied (A) from a nearby compressor-house to a set of parallel terminal pipes (3') attached to the screen's downstream face, each pipe having several outlet nozzles (4), submerged at different levels. A control unit (5) connects the air supply when the accumulation of debris, leaves, branches, etc. on the screen is sufficient to raise the pressure differential across the screen, as measured by upstream (5') and downstream (5") sensors, above a preset figure. The air flow dislodges the trash and carries it to the surface for removal.    USE -   Hydroelectric, water supply, etc., installations.    ADVANTAGE -   Screens are kept clear automatically of excess trash accumulations, without the need for shut-downs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing is a sectional elevation of a typical intake, with screen. (3') Terminal pipes, (4) nozzles, (5) control unit, (6) screen, (7) intake.
NOVELTY - A combuster, combusts waste material to generate high temperature exhaust gas which is introduced to a heat exchanger and heated further. The heated gas is then used as a heat source for heating steam to a superheated state used to drive a steam turbine coupled to a generator. The surface temperature of the heat exchanger heat transfer tubes is maintained at 700 degrees or higher.    USE -   For generating electric power at high efficiency from a high temperature and high-pressure steam produced using heat of gas generated from waste combustion.    ADVANTAGE -   The troubles of a heat exchanger caused by corrosion due to high-temperature molten salt are avoided. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow-diagram showing the system for generating electric power.
NOVELTY - Photovoltaic cells are arranged in strings (52) each of which generates a DC voltage. An inverter converts the DC voltage to three phase AC current output. A summer sums up the three phase output from each string to form a three phase AC high voltage output. The inverter generates square wave current with dwell time at zero cross over point of AC voltage outputs of 60. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for converting DC power to AC power embedded in photovoltaic array.    USE -   For photovoltaic array for photovoltaic power station, photovoltaic solar water heater.    ADVANTAGE -   Single point failure condition is eliminated by providing inverters at end of each string of PV cell. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of PV array of photovoltaic power station. (52) Strings.
NOVELTY - A voltage control circuit (58) generates input wave train signal and the complement wave train signal in response to the voltage at the output end (52) of the transformer and regulates the duty cycles of the signals to maintain a pre- selected bus voltage at the output end of the transformer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Multiple source bus regulators (12- 1 - 12-N) produce regulated pre-selected bus voltage after receiving unregulated electrical power from a solar panel array (14) on a battery (16). The regulator comprises multiple tap buck transformer (36), field effect transistors (40,46,50) and the voltage control circuit (58). A FET (40) periodically connects the solar panel array to an input end (34) of the transformer in response to the input wave train signal. A FET (46) connects the battery periodically to a tap (42) of the transformer in response to the input wave train signal. A FET (50) periodically connects a center tap (48) of the transformer to ground in response to a signal which is the complement of the input wave train signal.    USE -   For satellite.    ADVANTAGE -   Utilizes multiple source bus regulators and multiple electrical power sources. Utilizes multiple source bus regulators capable of producing positive or negative regulated bus voltages. Utilizes power distributors for isolating multiple source bus regulators from short-circuits or other malfunctions within loads. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a fully regulated multiple source bus sub-system and the circuit diagram of a multiple source bus regulator. (12-1 - 12-N) Multiple source bus regulators; (14) Solar panel array; (16) Battery; (34) Input end; (36) Multiple tap buck transformer; (40,46,50) FET; (42) Tap; (48) Center tap; (52) Output end; (58) Voltage control circuit.
NOVELTY - Before launching space craft, the reflector panels (14) made of aluminum or silver wrapped around the booms (18) and allows the solar panel (12) to generate power. After launch, the booms are extended at angle respective to solar panel with pulley (22) and wires (24) actuated, by torsion springs.    USE - For solar concentrator used in space craft.    ADVANTAGE - As reflector panels retracted and stowed, the size of solar concentrator is reduced. The solar concentrator is light in weight as reflector panels are made of thin plastic material coated with aluminum or silver.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Plastic sheets are covered over the reflector panels. Suspension wires are provided around the outer perimeter of the reflector panel (14) and attached to booms to maintain even tension in all directions to retain reflector panel in a flat configuration. After launch, the pulley and wires keeps the booms parallelly to maintain tension on suspension wire as the reflector panels are deployed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial isometric view of solar concentrator.    Solar panel (12)    Reflector panels (14)    Booms (18)    Pulleys (22)    Wires (24)
(KR98019314-A)   NOVELTY - When the car runs, air-resistance pressure passing through a louver-type cylinder (12), rotates the blades (2) attached to axes (1). Coils (14) with magnets interact with magnets attached to blades, to increase rotary force. A generator (5) converts rotary force to electric power. The cylinder has radius of gyration between 0.2l-0.5l where l' is the length between axe to blade.    USE - For generating electric power using air-resistance power to self-recharge battery in electric car.    ADVANTAGE - Interaction of coil and magnet attached to blade doubles the rotary force. The blades are arranged like cross, on the axes without smacking one another, for facilitating rotation of axes and generation of strong magnetic force. Magnetic flux leakage is reduced by using diamagnetic substance such as engineering plastics for axes, bearing etc. Enables increase in axes rotation and energy generation by cylinder, as a part of the electrical energy produced by power generator by converting rotary force, is again given to coil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the cross-sectional view of electric car frame.    axes (1)    Blades (2)    Generator (5)    Cylinder (12)    Coils (14)
NOVELTY - A surface besides light incidence side of a photovoltaic cell (101) is sealed by covering material that includes transparent organic polymer resin (103). A gusset plate (107) is provided in a light receiving surface side of photovoltaic cell. A recess (109) formed in gusset plate is fitted to projection formed in output terminal on photovoltaic cell.    USE -   For power generation using solar energy.    ADVANTAGE -   The external appearance of battery module is improved by reducing roughness on battery surface. Reduces amount of resin needed for fire resistance. The reliability and operating life of solar battery module is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic section of solar battery module. (101) Photovoltaic cell; (103) Transparent organic polymer resin; (107) Gusset plate; (109) Recess.
NOVELTY - A cassette (20) provided with a socket (23), supports a flexible solar battery (10). The socket and a plug (33) are provided in an installation (30). The cassette can be inserted or removed from the installation.    USE -   For installing flexible solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the cassette can be inserted or removed easily from the installation, construction of flexible solar battery is simplified. Enables mounting flexible solar battery at any location, easily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan, sectional views of flexible solar battery installation. (10) Flexible solar battery; (20) Cassette; (23) Socket; (30) Installation; (33) Plug.
NOVELTY - Transparent electrically conductive film (2), amorphous silicon film (3) and metal electrode (4) are sequentially formed on substrate (1). The solar battery elements are insulated by a protective film (6) provided between the metal electrodes which connects the solar battery elements serially using an electrically conductive paste (5).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   The battery is used as power supply for electronic wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   The number of solar battery production processes and number of masks are reduced to one third amount by which manufacturing cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery manufacturing process. (1) Substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film; (3) Amorphous silicon film; (4) Metal electrode; (5) Electrically conductive paste; (6) Protective film.
NOVELTY - Main and auxiliary chimneys (20,23) with equal capacity ejects the exhaust of combusted natural gas used for running a gas turbine generator (14). A steam super heater (13) reheats the super heated steam from a waste heat boiler (3). A damper gear (25) with a detachable cut off board (36) is connected at the steam superheater inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The waste heat boiler generators superheated steam using combustion exhaust from a refuse incinerator. The steam super heater super heats the super heated steam from a vapor turbo generator to generate electricity. The gas turbine generator generates electricity using the combustion of the natural gas.    USE -   To utilize heat in exhaust of natural gas combustion.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides for carrying maintenance work of steam superheater installed midway through main exhaust path by providing damper and cut off board without interrupting running of gas turbine generator. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of apparatus structure around gas turbine generator in refuse incineration facility. (3) Waste heat boiler; (13) Steam super heater; (14) Gas turbine generator; (20) Main chimney; (23) Supplement chimney; (25) Damper gear; (36) Cut off board.
NOVELTY - A thermometer (27) detects the temperature of water supplied through a supply path (26), based on which a controller (30) opens a flow control valve (29) for supplying cold water into the supply path, thereby balancing the temperature of the supplied waste to a preset value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Vapor ejected from a vapor turbo generator (16) is condensed and reheated by a heater (21) and supplied to a waste heat boiler (3) via a supply path (26). The waste heat boiler uses the ejection gas from a refuse incinerator and generates a super heater steam. The turbo generator generates electricity using the super heated steam. A gas turbine generates uses combustion heat of natural gas and generates electricity. The heater is connected in the exhaust gas path of natural gas combustion. A pump supplies cold water from a tank into the supply path through the control valve.    USE -   To maintain supply water to waste heat boiler at set temperature in incineration facility.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves control adjusting supply water temperature to boiler quickly by controlling quickly of cold water supply valve based on temperature of reheated water through supply pipes. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of structure around waste heat boiler on refuse incineration facility. (3) Waste heat boiler; (16) Vapor turbo generator; (21) Water heater; (26) Supply path; (27) Thermometer; (29) Flow control valve; (30) Controller.
NOVELTY - Solar battery module (3) is attached to the upper surface of the roof structure (2). Another solar battery module (4) is connected to the side edge of the solar battery module (3) in rotatable manner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is provided for describing the attaching method of solar battery module onto roof structure of residence, factory.    USE -   For attaching solar battery module onto roof of residence, factory.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces number of processes at construction site since attachment of solar battery module is simple, without using conducting wire. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar battery module connected to the side edge of another solar battery module and individual roof structures. (2) Roof structure; (3) Solar battery module; (4) Rotatable solar battery module.
NOVELTY - An upper joiner (4) and lower joiner (3) are provided respectively to upper and lower surfaces of discarded board (2) arranged along entire length to rear side of cover (1). The discarded board has retainer (213) for holding the lower joiner. Connection cables (121,124) of solar energy converter, is accommodated in wiring space (5) formed between upper and lower joiners. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The connecting sections (42,32) of upper joiner and lower joiners respectively are formed to the inner side of the wiring space.    USE -   For processing cover equipped with solar energy converter such as solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The distortion of cover and solar battery due to collision with trees and weight of operator, is prevented when back-up material is interposed in space between rear side of cover and foundation. The connection cable is protected from influence of load or rain water since it is provided in wiring space formed between the joiners. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view edge processing unit. (1) Cover; (2) Discarded board; (3) Lower joiner; (4) Upper joiner; (5) Wiring space; (121,124) Connection cables.
NOVELTY - A cut-off elastic piece (17) contacts the lower end of a covering (1) integrally on a resin layer (15) formed below the connector (13) in the edge of a surface board (11). The coverings has laminated resin layer (15) and a back side supporting plate (16) which has a solar energy converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for outer cladding structure of roof covering.    USE -   For covering roof.    ADVANTAGE -   As the cut-off elastic piece is integrally formed on resin layer in the edge of the surface board, the permeation water quantity for the connection is raised and the sublation of the resin layer and the back side supporting plate is prevented and thus a simple structure is offered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of connection structure of roof covering with solar energy converter. (1) Covering; (11) Surface board; (13) Connector; (15) Resin layer; (16) Supporting plate; (17) Cut-off elastic piece.
Manufacture of a heat-storing agent comprises polymerising (II) a monomer component in the presence of (I) a heat-storing substance with a solubility parameter(SP value) of at least 9.    USE -   The heat-storing agents and the heat storage materials are useful for building air-conditioning, food and chemical plants, transportation systems and solar power and geothermal collectors.    ADVANTAGE -   The heat-storing agents use a relatively economical heat-storing substance, cause no deformation and seepage of the heat-storing substance by phase change, removing fire dangers, and can keep the latent heat and phase change temp. of the heat-storing substance.
NOVELTY - Liquid phase operating medium (5) is provided at the lower part of the container. Solid electrolyte (31) is provided within region (21). Fine bristles (4) connect operating medium and electricity generating component (3).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device includes container (2) partitioned into high and low pressure regions (21,22). High pressure region is arranged surrounded by low pressure region.    USE -   For electric power generation using thermoelectric conversion.    ADVANTAGE -   Container structure is simplified since container wall is separated from high pressure region and airtight state is achieved. Due to usage of fine bristles with simple structure, reliability is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows cross-sectional schematic diagram of thermoelectric conversion generating system.
NOVELTY - The panel consists of a ceramic base plate (2) on which are located solar cells (3) embedded in an adhesive. After coating in plastic (4) the whole is baked together with the interconnections between cells and supply terminals (6)    USE - As cladding panels.    ADVANTAGE - The panels require no separate frame so when installed they present a smooth seamless aesthetically pleasing surface which can be suitably colored. Suitable for conventional mounting practice. Design eliminates interconnection faults. As cladding panels they do not need to match the roof slope reducing build up of dirt and snow.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of a panel to the present invention.    base plate (2)    solar cell (3)    plastic coat (4)    supply terminals (6)
NOVELTY - The advertising medium is in the form of sticker or badge (13) whose surface is largely occupied by a silicon cell solar generator (14) with an electronic flip-flop circuit (12) on the reverse side. The circuit has a storage capacitor and at least one luminescent diode (15) on the front side of the knob which emits short light pulses with a duration of pref. 1 to 100 ms with a frequency of pref. 0.1 to 10 Hz when exposed to light.    USE - for advertising, e.g. of products, logos or political parties.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced attractiveness is achieved to give improved impact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the sticker or badge.    sticker or badge (13)    solar generator (14)    flip-flop circuit (12)    diode (15)
NOVELTY - The parabolic channel concentrator for a solar-thermal power station has a channel-shaped bent reflector plate (3) for focussing the incident solar radiation (S) and a carrier construction (4) for the reflector plate made out of several segments (2) arranged one behind another in the channel's longitudinal direction. Each segment is assembled from several frames (5) consisting of wood.    USE - For solar-thermal power station.    ADVANTAGE - Simple construction and inexpensive to install.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The frames of one segment are located in the transverse direction one behind another and the abutting transverse bars (7) of the frames have a parabolic shape supporting the reflector plate. A guide rail mounted on the transverse bars of the frame of two neighboring segments is provided for two neighboring reflector plates.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the channel concentrator.    Segments (2)    Channel shaped bent reflector plate (3)    Carrier construction (4)    Frames (5)    Transverse bars (7)    Solar radiation (S)
Having an attachment device (2) to fix each module to a building's surface like a roof, each one of several solar collector modules operates an active collector device (3)with a heat collector (30) and has a support panel with a top section forming the attachment device (2) and a bottom section as the heat collector. Each collector device has connectors for plugging into the connectors of an active collector device.    USE -   For heating a heat carrying medium using solar radiation to flow through a collector device. For attaching to buildings of all types.    ADVANTAGE -   The solar collector modules can be arranged in rows overlapping and staggered. Adjacent solar collector modules of overlapping rows from tight connector lines with collector devices. In this way, solar collector modules can be arranged on a roof or house frontage instead of tiles, so that they overlap like shingle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fitting of the present invention.    Active collector device (3), Attachment device (2), Heat collector (30).
The generator is positioned on a pier adjacent to water with waves. An empty plastics floater (1), filled with ballast and half immerged, is moved upwards and downwards by the action of the waves. The floater moves a vertical beam (2) which is attached to a bi-parallel metal lever (3) which transfers the energy to a saw (5) at the other end. The saw has two vertical chains (6) which rotate gears (7) to rotate a shaft (8) connected between them. The gears operate alternately with the non-operation gear moving freely.    USE -   For generating energy from wave motion.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides simple and inexpensive device which does not require preparation of the sea bed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS - The drawing shows a perspective of the invention. Floater (1), Metal beam (2), Bi-parallel lever (3), saw (5), Chains (6), Gears (7), Shaft (8).
NOVELTY - On one surface side of a transparent electrically conductive film (2) laminated over a substrate (1), a diffused reflection layer (5) of unevenness shape is layered by hydro- honing technique.    USE -   For diffused reflection layer, for solar battery used in electronic equipments.    ADVANTAGE -    The rate of light which performs irregular reflection along the bonding plane, is confined in the lamination part since the solar battery substrate is roughened, thus utilization efficiency of light increases. By hydro-honing technique, the processed surface is cleaned and thus cleaning process is simplified. Since micro lapping powder can be applied to the processed surface, the surface roughness of the diffused reflection surface can be controlled finely. Improves capability of solar battery without using SnO2film. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film; (5) Diffused reflection layer.
NOVELTY - An inverter inverts the direct current from a solar battery (3) into attenuating current for lighting, and for electric equipments. A charge controller connected between the solar battery and inverter prevents over current, overdischarge, and reverse flow of current from the solar battery, and controls the charging of batteries and also equal discharge of current to invertor.    USE -   For refuge in which people seek shelter during disasters.    ADVANTAGE -   The system is not influenced by atmospheric temperature variation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire sectional view of power supply system. (3) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - A wind turbine is place horizontally in a vertical tube. Hot air rising turns the blades and the electricity produced powers an electric fire for heating a house. Waste heat rising up the tube from the fire helps to increase the rotation of the blades.    USE - Generating electricity for household appliances, particularly an electric fire.    ADVANTAGE - The waste heat generated by the fire is used, thus making the wind turbine more environmentally friendly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of the system of the heater and wind turbine.
NOVELTY - Several unit cells are serially connected on a translucent insulating substrate. The transparent conductive film electrode (6) of each unit cell and the back electrode (8) of an adjacent unit cell are connected via a contact line (4). The contact line is formed by patterning by scribing the photoelectric conversion layer (5) using a laser beam. The wavelength of the laser beam exceeds 0.6 microns so that the side edges of the contact line is heated to be crystallized and made conductive.    USE - The solar battery is used to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces manufacturing time by using long wavelength laser.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a patterning line.    contact line (4)    photoelectric conversion layer (5)    transparent conductive film electrode (6)    back electrode (8)
NOVELTY - The machine generating kinetic energy from offshore waves consists of a float (1) with a locator cable, a hydraulic pump (3) and an anchoring deadweight (4), a sea water storage tank (6) with link pipes (5,7), and a hydraulic turbine (8). An electrical generator (9) coupled to the turbine (8), a twin-pulley system (17), and a spindle (18) anchored on land, adapt to the tidal sea surface level changes.    USE - In machines capable of kinetic energy storage, for subsequent conversion to electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The simplified system gives continuous power generation.
NOVELTY - A float (1) is moored in a shallow sea area, using a short link chain (4), whose one end is attached to a suspended weight (2) and the other end connected to a tetrapod (3). The float comprises a generator and a sprocket wheel (5) due to up and down motion of the float caused by the waves, thus generating power.    USE - For generating electric power using shallow water wave energy.    ADVANTAGE - The installation is compact enough to enable mass production and hence high economic efficiency is achieved. Since the float is brought below the sea surface level during marine anomalies, damage to the installation is prevented. Any type of generator, such as an induction generator or a synchronous generator, can be used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sprocket wheel and the generator are connected via a reversible unit comprising an input shaft and an output shaft which are arranged such that the generator rotates in a single direction irrespective of whether the wave is rising or falling. At the time of marine anomaly such as a tsunami, the generator is made to function as an electric motor, for rotating the sprocket wheel such that the float is brought below the sea surface level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents the schematic diagram showing the position of float of power generating installation, at the time of marine anomaly.    Float (1)    Suspended weight (2)    Tetrapod (3)    Short link chain (4)    Sprocket wheel (5)
NOVELTY - A heating fluid and a cooling fluid are circulated inside and outside a tubular base material (11). A thermoelectric conversion material is sprayed on the peripheral surface of the base material. Electric power is generated by a thermoelectric element (13), from the temperature gradient of bonding plane with base material.    USE -   Used in refrigerators, refining in iron manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables large scale electricity generation from waste heat energy of refuse incinerator. Contributes to reduction of CO2 discharge in global environment. Saves resources and conserves energy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a thermoelectric converter. (11) Tubular base material; (13) Thermoelectric element.
NOVELTY - A cam follower (37) projected from undersurface of a board (3) is made to contact a concave-shaped cam surface (7a) in a cam body (7). When the cam body is moved horizontally, the cam follower is moved vertically so that the outer edge of a curved end surface in the cam follower is in continuous contact with the concave shaped cam surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar battery is mounted on a board (3) so that the battery is arranged opposite to a condensing lens. A motor drives a cam follower (37) along a cam surface so that the board attached to the cam follower is moved vertically.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces drive load of motor. Suppresses inclination of cam surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates a sectional view of a solar battery apparatus. (3) Board; (7) Cam body; (7a) Cam surface; (37) Cam follower.
NOVELTY - Solar battery elements (310) are transferred from Si substrate to plastic film board (210). Then,each elements are separated by cutting. Cut elements are mounted on support board (320), according to desired pattern. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for thin film module.    USE -   For solar battery utilized in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces number of manufacturing process and hence cost. Obtains quality solar battery module by simplifying cutting. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of manufacture of thin film module. (210) Plastic film board; (310) Solar battery elements; (320) Support board.
NOVELTY - The diffused reflection surface of solar battery substrate (1) is obtained by sand blasting and then acid etching. A transparent electrically conductive ITO film (2) is formed over the substrate surface. An amorphous silicon a-Si film (3) and a metal electrode film (4) are laminated over the ITO film.    USE -   For manufacture of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Because of rough junction surface, a solar cell of superior quality is obtained. By varying the etching conditions and the diffused reflective surface characteristics, solar battery of desired capacity can be manufactured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the sectional view of sand blasting process, etching process and lamination process involved in solar battery manufacture. (1) Solar battery substrate; (2) ITO film; (3) a-Si film; (4) Metal electrode film.
NOVELTY - Oxy sulfuration tin veil is a cubical crystal has a lattice constant of 11.6 . The composition of oxy sulfuration tin veil satisfies a predefined chemical formula, Sn2OxSy, where x and y are numbers having values of x=0.5-1.5, y=0.5-1.5, and x+y=1-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of oxy sulfuration tin veil.    USE -   For optical absorption layer of solar battery such as arsenic-gallium, cadmium telluride, selenium-copper indium batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Minimizes toxic element content in oxy sulfuration tin veil, thereby offering superior veil. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of crystal structure of oxy sulfuration tin crystal.
NOVELTY - A valve (5) adjusts the rate of flow of high temperature gas supplied towards a thermoelectric cell (6) which carries out electricity generation. The valve is controlled by a controller (7). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gas producer (3) generates hot gas as a result of catalytic reaction between methanol (1) and liquid agent (2). A fuel battery (4) and the thermoelectric cell (6) perform electricity generation using the gas generated by gas producer.    USE -   For space shuttle.    ADVANTAGE -   Cost and weight reduction are attained as size is reduced. Valve is used to adjust flow of hot gas to thermoelectric cell thus preventing rupture to cell. Thermoelectric cell and fuel battery are made to operate simultaneously thus system by which source of energy is unified is realizable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of power supply system. (1) Methanol; (2) Liquid agent; (3) Gas producer; (4) Fuel battery; (5) Valve; (6) Thermoelectric cell; (7) Controller.
NOVELTY - A polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel (9) is inserted between a cover glass and a solar battery (1). The liquid crystal panel has a pattern area with color different from that of solar battery and transparent ground area. The light passing through the ground area is received by solar battery for generating electricity.    USE -   For e.g. wrist watch, electronic computer.    ADVANTAGE -   The reading property of liquid crystal panel is improved since color of pattern portion is different from solar battery. Electricity generation efficiency is increased even when liquid crystal panel and solar battery are piled. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of wrist watch. (1) Solar battery; (9) Liquid crystal panel.
NOVELTY - The cooling water accumulation is carried out on back side of a top plate (5a) of a fuselage (5). An exhaust gas duct (17) of the turbine is connected to the top plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A vapor inlet port (3) is provided in the upper surface of a condenser that introduces exhaust vapor from a turbine. A hot well (4) is arranged in the bottom of the fuselage. A condensing zone (7) provided in the fuselage has cooling water supply pipe (9). A spray nozzle (10) is provided in the cooling water supply pipe. A cooling water accumulating pipe (11) that has sprinkler nozzle (11a) is provided in the upper portion of a gas cooling portion (8) in the fuselage.    USE -   For turbine of geothermal power station.    ADVANTAGE -   The cooling effect of non-condensing gas is improved. The strength of fuselage is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top elevation view and cross sectional view of direct contact type condenser. (1) Turbine; (3) Vapor inlet port; (4) Hot well; (5) Fuselage; (5a) Top plate; (7) Condensing zone; (8) Gas cooling portion; (9) Supply pipe; (10) Spray nozzle; (11) Cooling water accumulating pipe; (11a) Sprinkler nozzle; (17) Exhaust gas duct.
NOVELTY - A top flange (12) has latches (13) for supporting the upper portion of the solar battery module frame. The lower portion of the frame is screwed to side brackets (17). A clamping plate at rear has holes (24,26) for attaching to a wall or balcony. A hole (16) in top flange is used to keep the framework suspended from a mounting structure, such as wall, before firmly attaching it.    USE -   For supporting solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy installation of solar battery module on exterior wall, balcony and easy detachment. Safety while detaching the module is secured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar battery module mounting framework. (12) Top flange; (13) Latches; (16) Hole; (17) Side brackets; (24,26) Holes.
NOVELTY - A double sheeted rotary wing (11) fixed to a rotary sheet (10) is provided in a vertical structure of Savonius type wind mill. Curved fixed wings (13) are installed facing outwards to rotary used for introduction of exterior wind to rotary wing from outside.    USE -   For Savonius type wind mill.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers small and light weight generator due to smaller size of rotary wing. Generates high torque or high r.p.m since amount of wind applied is more. Provides low cost generator since wind power machine generates large electric power stably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram of wind power apparatus with wind mill. (10) Rotary sheet; (11) Rotary wing; (13) Fixed wings.
NOVELTY - An expansion turbine (14) to which high pressure gas guided is coupled axially with a high speed generator (13) which generates required speed for expansion turbine. A casing (4) of expansion turbine and housings (3,5) of high speed generator are connected and integrated in one housing which is sealed.    USE -   For town gas supply line.    ADVANTAGE -   The leakage of high pressure gas externally is prevented by integrating casing of expansion turbine with high speed generator. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of generator integrated turbine. (3,5) Housings; (4) Casing; (13) High Speed generator; (14) Expansion turbine.
NOVELTY - The adhesion sheet (21) contains an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer combined with diethyl-hexanoxycarbonyl t-butyl peroxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar battery module which is obtained by covering a solar battery cell (11) using the adhesion sheet.    USE -   For solar batteries in residential roof etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Productive efficiency of the solar battery is increased and the production cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The diagram shows the structure of a solar battery module. (3,4) Protective layers; (10) Multilayered body; (11) Solar battery cell; (21) Adhesion sheet.
An indium oxide type transparent electroconductive film forming paste (P1) contains an indium salt of fatty acid (A) of formula (I) In(OCOR)3 (R = a 1-8C opt. branched alkyl gp.), a tin salt of fatty acid (B) of formula of Sn(OCOR')2(R' = a 1-8C opt. branched alkyl gp.) corresp. to a mol concn. of 0.01-0.3 times the mol concn. of (A), ethanolamine (C) corresp. to a mol concn. of 1-12 times the total mol concn. of (A) and (B), and a cellulose deriv. (D).    Also claimed is a glass plate (P2) that is coated with (P1) and has transparent electroconductive film on the surface obtd. by: (1) coating (P1) on a glass substrate and drying; and (2) baking at a temp. higher than or equal to 300C.    USE -   (P1) is suitable for forming transparent electroconductive films on surfaces of glass and ceramic substrates, partic. mfg.(P2). (P2) is suitable as a transparent electrode for various displays like liquid crystal displays, fluorescent display tubes and plasma displays, solar batteries, and touch panels, antistatic films, and antifreezing heaters and heat radiation reflection films for automobile and aeroplane windows.    ADVANTAGE -   Coating films formed from (P1) transmit visible light and show excellent electroconductivity. Additionally, (P1) has excellent storage stability and emits neither strong acid nor corrosive gas in film formation.
NOVELTY - An oval mirror (1) is directed down and positioned at a given elevation. Several heliostats (5) are arranged on the ground around the oval mirror. Each heliostat has a concave mirror (13) to reflect and converge the sunlight (L) onto the oval mirror. The sunlight reflected on the concave mirror is focused to a first focal point (f1) of the oval mirror and a second focal point (f2) of the oval mirror after reflection.    USE - The sunlight collection system is used for exploiting the radiation of sunlight as energy.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies construction by eliminating need to build tall tower with heat exchanger at its top.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an overall side view of the sunlight collecting system.
NOVELTY - The apparatus includes plate elements fastened on the building outer surface converting radiation energy into electrical energy. Reflection surfaces (3) are assigned to the plate elements and are fastened to the building outer surface below the plate elements and located at an angle to them.    USE - For energy extraction.    ADVANTAGE - Provides better efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reflection surfaces are made out of polished high quality steel, with a material number 43.01. The reflection surfaces are fastened by hinges (30) to the building surface. The hinges are directly below the lower edge of the assigned plate element. The reflection surfaces are provided with drives (31) for continuously variable adjustment of the angle between them and the assigned plate elements.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view of a building facade with mounted energy extraction apparatus.    reflection surfaces (3)    plate elements (27)
NOVELTY - The method involves using AC power controllers in the connecting leads between the mains and the wind generator. Before and during the mains superposition in the phase of generator starting, the slip-dependent total reactance of the generator is determined.    USE - For wind power plants with k-factor no greater than unity.    ADVANTAGE - Provides impact-free synchronization onto mains, especially mains with minimal short-circuit capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reactance is used as a measure for the firing advance angle for the control of the converters in the way that with increasing size of the total reactance, the advance angle is also increased. To evaluate the size of the slip-dependent total reactance of the generator, the converters are subjected to a constant minimal advance angle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram for the method.    mains (2)    asynchronous machine (3)    AC controller (4)    total reactance (5)
NOVELTY - Power plant comprises channels defined externally by hollow columns (24a-24j) supplied with water internally from below through openings (26). A piston in each column rises with water influx and falls on water egress, the piston movement being converted into rotational movement for a generator. The columns are mounted on a submersible, moorable buoyancy body (10), the first lateral port (26) being below the underside of a piston.    USE - Power plant uses rotational movement to operate an electric generator to produce an electric current, or to operate a pump station for converting sea water to fresh water (inverse osmosis).    ADVANTAGE - Power plant has a combined adjusting and safety device to restrict upward movement of float pistons when extreme waves occur.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the generator anchored to the sea bed.    hollow columns (24a-24j)    lower inlet lateral ports (26)    upper outlet ports (28)    sea bed (20)    anchor lines (18)    excess water (36)
NOVELTY - An EL detector (27) for illuminating a display unit and an attitude detector for detecting the attitude of electronic device are provided. An EL driver (26) drives the EL element based on detected attribute of electronic device and detection result of illumination detector which detects brightness of environment of solar cell (1).    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Wasteful power consumption is suppressed to prolong the solar cells service life. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electronic circuit of electronic wristwatch with solar cell. (1) Solar cell; (26) EL driver; (27) EL detector.
NOVELTY - A receiver (14) is mounted on the focus region of an offset parabolic reflector (12) with a flat reflecting surface from its center axis to a circular line at its periphery. The portion between circular line and rim of reflector is parabolic. The focus region is formed on the ring surrounding the central axis. The periphery of receiver is coincident with focus region.    USE - For boiler.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents fatigue failure of bonds between solar cells and substrate by matching coefficient of thermal expansion between solar cell and substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several solar cells (16) are arranged on the peripheral surface of receiver and prefilter elements (11) for each solar cell is positioned in front of the solar cells. The prefilter elements serves as secondary concentration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of solar concentration configuration.    Reflector (12)    Receiver (14)    Solar cells (16)
NOVELTY - Electromotive force generated by a solar battery (32) is stored in the battery (31) of drive unit (3) and forms the supply for light source (2). Light emitter of light source provided in the cut-off of railway crossing gate blinks a line shaped light.    USE -   For identification of railway crossing gates for motor vehicles and two-wheelers such as bicycle, motorbike even during bad weather, night etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Since emitted light is line shaped, warning sign is different from traffic sign, helps two wheelers to identify the gates even during bad weather, rainy days, fog, night etc and hence safety of two wheelers is improved greatly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents the sectional view of lighting system for railway crossing gate. (2) Light source; (3) Drive unit; (31) Battery; (32) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - A conductive high thermoelectric generating element (22) generates an electromotive force based on temperature gradient of a low heat source (24). A hyperthermia source (23) is supported on a heat plate (28) with integrated fins (27) which absorbs flame heat.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The heat plate attached with integrated fins is used for absorbing variation in amount of heat supply, thereby resulting in stable electric power supply. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline view of thermal electrical power generating device. (22) Thermoelectric generating element; (23) Hyperthermia source; (24) Heat source; (27) Integrated fins; (28) Heat plate.
NOVELTY - The thermo-electric generating element (12), the low heat source (14) and high heat source (13) are electrically insulated through insulator (15). A through-hole (19) penetrates through insulator (15) and element (12). By using a bolt through the hole (19), sources (12,14) are fastened to the thermo- electricity generating element.    USE -   For heat electricity generation devices like hot liquid supply device, bath boiler.    ADVANTAGE -   The low-high heat sources are fastened to thermo-electric element stably by bolting through the through- hole resulting in improved structure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the perspective view of the thermal electricity generating device. (12,14) Sources; (13) High heat source; (14) Low heat source; (15) Insulator; (19) Through-hole.
NOVELTY - A spacer (4) is interposed between a pair of glass plates (2,3). Output terminals (10) connected to the solar battery extended upto an extension location (11) adhered by the intermediate gap side on the spacer and the glass plate while arranging a primary sealing to the spacer before adhesion of the glass plates to the spacer.    USE -   Used in solar battery module of street light and building.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat and sound insulation effects of the solar battery module are maintained. With constant sealing state of solar battery module, the output terminal is connectable to other implements like external battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows front elevation of solar battery module. (2,3) Glass plate; (4) Spacer; (10) Output terminal; (11) Extension location.
NOVELTY - The system has an extended scoop (23) with swivel entry which faces automatically into the oncoming fluid flow. A valve is fitted in the bypass duct (28) which joins the top of the extended scoop, and a valve is fitted in the air admission duct, interposed between the entry turbine valve and the entrance to the turbine (26). The platform has hydraulic legs extending to the sea bottom foundations, which raise the system with the scoop duct, out of the sea during storms.    USE - For generation of relatively large levels of power using sea and river wave energy.    ADVANTAGE - Remains in position, and suffers less damage during stormy weather at sea. High efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - When a wave enters the scoop (23) it compresses air in the ducting leading to the turbine, the air flowing to the turbine through a valve (24) and exhausting via a valve (27). When the wave recedes, suction is created in the ducting. Valves (29,30) open whilst valves (24,27) close, thus allowing air to enter via the valve (30), and flow through the turbine and bypass duct (28).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system layout.    scoop (23)    turbine (26)    bypass duct (28)
NOVELTY - The foil cover has a number of foil photovoltaic modules, which are coupled together for providing one or more closed surfaces, together forming a cover for the refuse dump which is self-supporting.    USE - For covering refuse dump.    ADVANTAGE - The cover provides low-cost current generation from an unused land area and protects the refuse from water penetration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of a current-generating foil cover for a refuse dump.
NOVELTY - The process involves producing an osmotic pressure against a membrane, thus separating the very salty water from water with a low salt concentration. The osmotic pressure is used for the generation of power in an assembly which has a pump (1) delivering the salt water, coupled by a shaft (4) to a motor from which it is separated by a membrane tank (2) with a low (5) and high (6) pressure sections separated by a semi-permeable membrane.    USE - Process and assembly to generate electrical energy from renewable resource, esp. from sea water and fresh water.    ADVANTAGE - The process is particularly suited to use in association with coastal desalination plant, esp. those with a worthwhile tidal range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high pressure section (6) is linked to the pump (1) and motor (3). The low-pressure (5) section has a fresh water inlet (11). The low (5) and high (6) pressure zones are separated by a bundle of tubes (7) whose walls form the semi-permeable membrane. The fresh water flows into the pipe inner passages. A generator (12) is fitted to the shaft (4). Given a motor stroke volume 180 liters, and a stroke volume ratio pump/motor of 0.9, the arrangement would produce an energy efficiency of 0.5. The arrangement would generated 1500 kJ from one cubic meter of fresh water, by moving 9 cubic meters of salt water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a generator with a fresh water inlet (11), pump (1), membrane tank (2) with low (5) and high (6) pressure zones, motor (3) and generator (12).
The method utilizes time synchronization to tracking hour angle and corrected sine function to tracking declination angle. The sun tracking includes a clock mechanism for tracking hour angle, a second mechanism, a corrected sine mechanism for tracking declination angle, a support and a motor for automatic tracking.    The solar energy source station includes the tracking system, receiving system and interface for energy output.    USE -   It may be used in power generation, heat supply, refrigeration and lighting as well as various receiving elements, high magnification converge devices, etc.
NOVELTY - Provides a container formed in two parts. The first part (4) is connected to the frame, and the second part is displaceable in the vertical direction relative to the first. An energy converter (9) is used for energy conversion from the displacement of the second part. A device varies the volume of the space in the container intended for containing the gas.    USE - For converting energy from wave movement in water.    ADVANTAGE - Adjustment can be optimized for varying wavelengths and uses apparatus has a simple construction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A frame is coupled to the bottom and the container with gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cut away perspective view of the apparatus.    energy converter (9)
NOVELTY - Increases agitation by configuring and sizing stator lobes to reduce stator rotor interface (20) below 50% of its maximum possible value. Increases defibering effectiveness and recirculation flow rate stator lobes are configured and sized so the stator area at the interface exceeds 50% of its maximum possible value Lobe area changes are made so reliably acquire and reduce stock.    USE - For reducing and defibering machinery using improved pulper rotor stator that defibers a wide range of difficult materials that can increase selectively the agitation flow or defibering and recirculation flow of a stock.    ADVANTAGE - Uses interface that reduces in size large stock such as large sheets of shoe board and woven or natural cotton into flakes that can be further defibered without clogging.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Can pulverise municipal solid waste so that it can be fed to a reactor to make high energy liquid fuel to fire power plants. It can reduce the municipal solid waste to fuel pellets for power generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows A vertical section view and partial side elevation of a pulper showing the flow of stock in a tank and through a rotor stator pair.    rotor stator interface (20)
NOVELTY - Draining member (31) is formed between roofing tile (29) on water borne side of module water flow path and the solar battery module (13) on waterproof sarking (18a). Electric power line (22) of module electric for indoor power supply is passed through hole (30) formed on sarking, hole being directly below drain member.    USE -   For roof with solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces manufacturing cost as interstice is not formed newly for passage of power line. Prevents penetration of water through hole even if there is leakage of drain member since hole is positioned directly under the drain member. Special waterproof construction need not be done so that arrangement of drain member becomes easy. Smooth guidance of power supply wire through hole is enabled. Wiring process is done simultaneously with panel mounting process and hence construction efficiency is improved. By loading roof panel with solar module before attaching panel onto roof need for working on sloping roof for loading module is avoided and safety is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows cross-sectional side view of roof structure. (13) Solar battery module; (18a) Waterproof sarking; (22) Electric power line; (29) Roofing tile; (30) Hole; (31) Draining member.
NOVELTY - The solar panels (8) are placed parallelly and are maintained at the edge of the panel holding member. The fastening member fixes the roof panel with a solar battery to the panel holding member. The background panel is loaded with a cover panel on the panel holding member which is penetrated by fastening member. A screw is used for sealing the background panel with the fastening member.    USE -   For solar battery panel installed in roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   The water proofness between an upper holding member and a lower holding member is performed satisfactorily and the entry of water through the left and right sides of the center of the roof is prevented more effectively. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective view of the building equipped with water proof structure with a solar battery on the roof panel. (8) Solar panels.
NOVELTY - A cover (30) is used to cover the connection line (21A) connecting each solar cell (21) of a pair of solar panels (20) or more. The cover is connected to a support (40) supporting edges of each panel positioned opposing each other.    USE -   For mounting solar panels on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the cover covers the connection line connecting each solar battery of the solar panels, the collected connection line is not visible from the exterior of the solar panel, thereby providing a good exterior to the solar panel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the 3D diagram of the attachment structure. (20) Solar panel; (21) Solar battery; (21A) Connection line; (30) Cover; (40) Support member.
NOVELTY - Deposited plastic film having a thin metal or metal oxide layer formed on surface of coating layer.    USE - In transparent conductive sheet used in liquid crystal display devices, solar batteries, electromagnetic shielding panels, touch panels, electroluminescent (EL) panels, color filters, etc..    ADVANTAGE - The film has excellent adhesion between base film and deposit layer and excellent gas-barrier properties after boiling treatment or printing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A deposited film comprises a plastic film, a coating film and a deposit layer, the coating layer being formed on at least one surface of the plastic film and comprising a cured resin composition obtained by curing a resin comprising 6-80 wt.% oxazoline group-containing water-soluble polymer. The deposit layer comprises a metal and/or metal oxide and is formed on a surface of the coating layer.
NOVELTY - A thermoplastic resin film cover (10) is formed with a solar battery module (20) is laminated on a flexible film surface (1).    USE -   For roof of the building.    ADVANTAGE -   Endurance of solar battery module is enhanced by attaching thermoplastic resin film cover with flexible film surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the solar battery attachment structure. (1) Flexible film surface; (10) Film cover; (20) Solar battery module.
NOVELTY - A casing (10) is provided with side apertures. A runner (4) is rotatably mounted inside the casing. Warm water or vapor is fed into the casing via two jetting holes (17,18) formed in the casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a water power machine operating method.    USE -   For driving a generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables extermination of marine organisms inside the casing, due to provision of jetting holes for warm water or vapor, thus operation fault caused by marine organisms is avoided. Improves reliability of machine operation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of a water power machine. (4) Runner; (10) Casing; (17,18) Jetting holes.
NOVELTY - An open-closable valve gear (65) is provided in each branch pipe (42) of a heat transport pipe (40). A flow controller (64) is electrically connected to valve gears, a temperature detector (62) and a circulating pump (46). Opening and closing of valve gear depends on output of flow controller which inturn depends on output of temperature detector.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Degradation of thermoelectric element is reduced as temperature rise of heat carrier is reduced. Increases power generation efficiency irrespective of variation in temperature of heat source. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents model diagram of thermoelectric conversion system. (40) Heat transport pipe; (42) Branch pipe; (46) Circulating pump; (62) Temperature detector; (64) Flow controller; (65) Valve gear.
NOVELTY - A heat transport pipe (40) has an incoming radiation unit (42) and an heat dissipation unit (44). Exit (42b) and inlet port (44a) of incoming radiation unit and heat dissipation unit are arranged at a level greater than their corresponding inlet port (42a) and exit (44b), respectively. The position of inlet port (44a) is still above exit (42b). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The low temperature side contact (32) of a thermoelectric module (30) is cooled by cooling water from a cooling unit (50). The cooling system supplies cool water through a conduit (51). The cooling unit of the conduit has an exit (52b) which is arranged above its inlet port (52a). A cooling tower (54) whose inlet port (54a) is arranged above its exit (54b) cools the cooling water. The position of the inlet port (54a) of cooling tower is above exit (52b) of cooling unit.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Net electrical energy generated is increased as workload on circulating pump is reduced due to free convection of heat carrier. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents thermoelectric power generator for refuse incinerator. (30) Thermoelectric module; (32) Low temperature side contact unit; (40) Heat transport pipe; (42) Incoming radiation unit; (44) Heat dissipation unit; (44a,42a,52a,54a) Inlet ports; (44b,42b,54b,52b) Exits; (50) Cooling unit; (54) Cooling tower.
NOVELTY - A heat pipe (40) heats the high temperature contact portion (31) of a thermocouple (30) by a heat dissipation unit (42). A cooling unit (50) cools the low temperature contact portion (32) of the thermocouple. The temperature controller (60) controls the amount of heat supplied to a high temperature contact portion.    USE -   For thermo-electric power generating device.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not exceed maximum permissible temperature, thus overheating of thermoelement is prevented. Performance degradation is avoided by improving electricity generation efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of the thermo-electric power generating device. (30) Thermocouple; (31) High temperature contact portion; (32) Low temperature contact portion; (40) Heat pipe; (42) Heat dissipation unit; (50) Cooling unit; (60) Temperature controller.
NOVELTY - Connecting terminal electrically connected to recess (12ac), connects lead electrode (13c) of thermoelectric conversion module (13). Lead electrode pieces project outward from low temperature end side of the conversion module. The recess which is formed on one surface of radiator (12) opposing module, expands and contracts along direction on which modules are arranged.    USE -   For converting thermal energy of exhaust gas let out from engine of motor vehicle and incinerator of factory to electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy electrical connection between thermoelectric conversion modules, by arranging connecting terminal member between modules and recess electrically. Electricity generated is raised as the thermal contact of thermoelectric conversion module and radiation member is performed satisfactorily by providing buffer member. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents sectional view of thermoelectric power generator. (12ac) Recess; (13) Thermoelectric conversion module; (13c) Lead electrode.
NOVELTY - Several solar batteries (4) are arranged on a supporting plate (3) provided below a cover (13) containing condenser lens (6) corresponding to each solar battery. The support plate is moved in horizontal direction by a motor and in vertical direction by a coiled spring (15). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vertical and the respective horizontal movement of the supporting plate is performed and the supporting plate is brought near the focal position of condenser lens corresponding to each solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Due to the provision of cam follower, supporting plate is moved smoothly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical cross sectional view of condensing solar battery apparatus in which coil spring is installed. (3) Supporting plate; (4) Solar batteries; (6) Condenser lens; (13) Cover; (15) Coiled spring.
NOVELTY - A wiring material (21) is wired on the back side of the panel (1) so that the current, which should be supplied to the load and is generated in the solar cells (4), can flow in the direction and reverse direction of the current that flows in the solar cells.    USE -   For e.g. satellite.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses the magnetic moment, generated by the solar panel, by inexpensive and lightweight structure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view of the principal-part structure of the solar panel of the solar power supply. (1) Panel; (4) Solar cells; (21) Wiring material.
NOVELTY - The module (3) consists of a solar panel (10), which has a solar-battery cell (3a), and an upper and lower case (16,17) in which a male-die connector (13a) and a female-die connector (13b) are provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The male-die connector, for electrical connection to an adjacent-solar battery module, and the female-die connector, for electrical connection to another adjacent solar-battery module, are connected electrically by a wiring cord (12). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a roof on which a solar-battery module is installed.    USE -   For e.g. residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies the connection of arbitrary solar-battery modules during construction and maintenance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged exploded perspective view of the solar-battery panel. (3) Solar-battery module; (3a) Solar-battery cell; (10) Solar panel; (12) Wiring cord; (13a) Male-die connector; (13b) Female-die connector; (16,17) Upper and lower case.
NOVELTY - A solar cell output control circuit (16) short-circuits electrically at least one solar cell component (17), which has generated an electric power equivalent to a control signal, and reduces the electric power generated by a solar cell circuit (11). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar cell circuit consists of solar cell components which convert solar light energy to electrical energy and generates a predetermined electric power. A shunt circuit (15) consumes the electric power. When there is a dump power, larger than the electric power, consumed by the load (12), an electric-power control circuit (13) outputs the control signal with which the dump power corresponds in part. The electric-power control circuit allows the shunt circuit consume the remainder of the dump power.    USE -   For e.g. satellite.    ADVANTAGE -   A simple shunt circuit can be comprised with small heat design since all the dump powers of the solar cell in various situations of a satellite can be consumed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the electric structure of the solar cell power supply. (11) Solar cell circuit; (12) Load; (13) Electric-power control circuit; (15) Shunt circuit; (16) Solar cell output control circuit; (17) Solar cell component.
NOVELTY - A resistor is serially connected between a solar battery (11) and a diode (15), to form a closed loop. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solar battery operating method.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Measures cheaply the maximum output of the solar battery and offers an operating method which makes the solar battery operate to the maximum appearance power point. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of output measuring apparatus. (11) Solar battery; (15) Diode.
NOVELTY - An insulated thermo-compression bonding layer containing insulating resin bead (5) such as acrylic resin bead, urethane resin bead of particle size 1-15 m and specific gravity 0.2-0.3 g/cm, is formed on the surface of coating layer having anisotropic electrically conductive property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrically conductive-pattern layer (2) with a predetermined pattern is formed on a flexible insulated substrate film (1). An anisotropic coating layer is formed such that it covers the pattern layer. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of anisotropically conductive heat sealing connector.    USE -   For LCD panel, ECD, solar cell.    ADVANTAGE -   As thermocompression bonding layer of fine thickness is formed between minute gaps of conductive pattern, the pattern bonding is raised.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of heat sealing conductor. (1) Insulated substrate film; (2) Conductive pattern layer; (5) Resin bead.
NOVELTY - A set of trays (2) fabricated with perforated panels are installed rotatably inside a cooler chamber (1) at predetermined positions. The trays are attached with shafts (3) for rotation. The shafts are extended out of the chamber and fitted with handles (4) for manual rotation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves flowing of cooling water between trays and pooled over the trays for cooling gas supplied to power plant. The cooling water is allowed to pass through the perforations of the panel.    USE -   For cooling turbine of geothermal power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduction of cooling efficiency is prevented by removing clogging of tray reliably. Output reduction of power plant is prevented by avoiding formation of water curtain generated by tray overflow. The device is compact in size by reducing interference space around perimeter of tray. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of gas cooling device. (1) Cooler chamber; (2) Tray; (3) Shaft; (4) Handle.
NOVELTY - A heat-dissipation promoting unit (38) responds to information from a temperature sensor (28) and promotes the thermolysis of a heat-of-liquid medium sent to the hybrid module (7). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature sensor detects either or both the temperature of a thermal-storage medium accommodated in a thermal storage tank (21) and the temperature of the heat-of-liquid medium. The hybrid module has a solar-power-generating module (5) and a solar-heat-collecting module (3). The heat-of-liquid medium is circulated between the solar-heat-collection module and thermal storage tank. A thermal-storage-tank piping (22) transmits the heat collected by the solar-heat-collecting module to the thermal-storage medium in the thermal storage tank.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Temperature reduction in the thermal storage tank is prevented when the amount of sunlight is small since the heat-dissipation promoting unit promotes the thermolysis of the heat-of-liquid medium sent to the hybrid module. Too much temperature rise can be prevented when the amount of sunlight is high, thus reduction of electricity-generation efficiency of the solar-power-generating module and electricity-generating cell itself can be prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the hybrid type solar energy utilization apparatus. (3) Solar-heat-collecting module; (5) Solar-power-generating module; (7) Hybrid module; (21) Thermal storage tank; (22) Thermal-storage-tank piping; (28) Temperature sensor; (38) Heat-dissipation promoting unit.
no abstract DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic diagram for the current surge reducing process is shown.
NOVELTY - The mirror arrangement includes a rotating arrangement of at least two mirrors (1, 2), whereby the first mirror (1) is arranged revolving with respect to the next mirror (2), around the axis (4) of a ray of light reflected by the first mirror. A control unit connected with a sensor unit (6), controls at least two positioning motors (7, 8) for turning the arrangement and the first mirror.    USE - Especially for collecting sunlight in solar plant.    ADVANTAGE - Provides simple and cost-effective arrangement which collects light in predetermined area without significant energy loss.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mirror arrangement includes a rotating arrangement of at least two mirrors (1, 2) or similar, whereby the first mirror (1), as seen in direction (A) of the incidenting light, is arranged revolving with respect to the second and/or the next mirror (2) around the axis (4) of a ray of light reflected by the first mirror. An optic sensor unit (6) is oriented in direction of the light source, following the first mirror. A control unit is connected with the sensor unit (6), and controls at least two positioning motors (7, 8) for turning the mirror arrangement and the first mirror, whereby the arrangement of mirrors is arranged revolving around an axis (5) of the ray of light reflected by the second mirror in direction (B) of a determined target area.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a mirror arrangement according to the invention.    first mirror (1)    next mirror (2)    axis of a ray of light reflected by first mirror (4)    axis of a ray of light reflected by second mirror (5)    positioning motors (7, 8)    sensor unit (6)
NOVELTY - A procedure and device for extracting wave energy has the vertical wave movement transmitting its kinetic energy by means of a floating body found in the water surface via a force transmission device located below the water surface to a generator rigidly attached to the bottom of the sea. Vertical wave movement transmits its kinetic energy by means of floating body via force transmission device to sea bed generator    USE - Procedure and device for extracting wave energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The force transmission is effected by a mechanical eccentric drive, whereby the energy of the vertical wave surface movement is transmitted as rotational energy to the generator. The force transmission for the conversion of the vertical wave energy into rotational energy of the generator takes place by hydraulic linkage via a turbine plant.
The waste treatment plant has a heating chamber (10) for thermic treatment of the waste (A), preceded by a waste drying device (6), one or both of which having a drum which is rotated about its longitudinal axis.    The smoulder gases from the heating chamber can be fed through a cleaning device (28,33), with a heating vessel (28) and an electrofilter (33) coupled together via a steam generator (32).    USE -   For generating electrical energy from waste combustion.    ADVANTAGE -   Pre-drying of waste increases energy obtained in pyrolysis process.
NOVELTY - Thermally integrated burner and emitter and recuperatory (100) for thermophotovoltaic electric generator achieves improved energy efficiency using either liquid or gaseous fuels. Uses ceramic and metallic alloy heat exchanger, together with a high temperature emitter to achieve increased energy density in compact and lightweight assembly.    USE - For providing thermally integrated burner and emitter and recuperatory for thermophotovoltaic electric PTV electric generator suitable for use with both liquid and gaseous fuels.    ADVANTAGE - Is simple in design, rugged in construction and economical to manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows a schematic sectional view of the integrated burner, emitter and recuperatory.    Thermally integrated burner and emitter and recuperatory (100)
Prepn. of metallic phthalocyanine crystal is claimed, which comprises subjecting metallic phthalocyanine having no axial ligand to microgranulation by heating in a vessel in which the pressure is controlled to a given pressure with inert gas, then immersing the microgranule in benzene to cause crystal form transition to give metastable fibrous metallic phthalocyanine crystal. The metallic phthalocyanine crystal prepd. by the above-claimed method is also claimed.    Film-formation can be performed by a remarkably simple and convenient means such as spreading, thus contributing to the cost-down in prepn. of e.g. solar cell, electrophotosensitive material or gas-sensor.
NOVELTY - A solar battery apparatus is incorporated in the space (7) formed by a spacer (8), between the glass plates. A terminal box (4) is attached in the circumferential part of the glass (1) using a sealing agent. The output of the solar battery apparatus is guided to the terminal box through a lead wire (21).    USE -   For use in windows, doors.    ADVANTAGE -   Tensile strength and insulation of the lead wire is enhanced. The connection between solar battery apparatus and power cable is reliable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the front elevation showing the attachment of terminal box and multiple glass. (1) Glass; (4) Terminal box; (7) Space; (8) Spacer; (21) Lead wire.
NOVELTY - The apparatus which is towed on the water surface or underwater has head portion (1), a trunk (2) and a tail portion (3). The head portion has a slanting flat surface (9). The center portion of the flat surface has a clamp (12) for the tow line.    USE -   For ocean water measurement of surface and underwater conditions.    ADVANTAGE -   Size is reduced as power is generated by its own vibrations when being towed. The stable floating characteristics optimize communication with satellites for passing on the collected information. While being towed underwater, the apparatus vibrates rhythmically enabling stable power generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the towed ocean water ganging apparatus. (1) Head portion; (2) Trunk; (3) Tail portion; (9) Slanting flat surface; (12) Clamp.
NOVELTY - Effluent water obtained from a cleaning tower (2) and a sulphur dioxide absorption tower (1) are mixed such that the ratio of cleaner tower effluent to absorption tower effluent after fly ash remover is 1:0.5-1:10. Alkali is then added followed by coagulation at a pH of 6-9. Solid-liquid separation is then performed to recover gypsum of high purity.    USE -   For processing waste water obtained from exhaust gas desulphurization apparatus in thermal power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   The process is simple and control is easy. Amount of usage of chemicals and sludge generation is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS - The figure shows systematic drawing of waste water processing method. (1) Absorption tower; (2) Cleaning tower.
Thermoelectric module, with a cold and a hot surface, has a moulded single piece gapless crate, in the form of an eggcrate, forming thermoelectric element spaces which are filled with n- and p-type elements. Metallised coating on the hot and cold surfaced connect the p-type elements to the n-type elements, connecting them electrically in series.    USE -   Generating electricity or cooling.    ADVANTAGE -   The gapless crate eliminates shorts between adjacent cells.
NOVELTY - A pair of lifting units (90,92) for alternately lifting and lowering a pair of water tanks (110,112), are installed at a high elevation. The lifting units are coupled through gears (94,96) to respective generators (98,102) and motors or engines (100,104). A control unit does the selective control of water filling and change over control of generator and motors of each lifting units.    USE - For generating electricity in area where water source available in plenty at high elevation such as mountainous terrain.    ADVANTAGE - Enables energy generation using difference in elevation levels of constituent components of system. Provides means for explaining alternative energy source. Enables simultaneous transfer of water from high level to lower level.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - When one of the tanks filled with water is lowered the generator of that lifting unit is driven by the lowered weight and the other tank is lifted using the motor of the other lifting unit. The drive source of lifting units while lifting empty tank is derived from part of the energy produced by the respective generators or solar power or wind power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic drawing of electricity generation using elevation difference of constituent components of system.    Lifting units (90,92)    Gear units (94,96)    Generators (98,102)    Motors or engines (100,104)    Water tank (106)    Piping (108)    Water tanks (110,112)
NOVELTY - A venetian blind shaped absorbator is fixed onto a copper pipe running through the middle of it, whilst the vacuum chamber containing the absorbator is located between the back side of the cell and the glass panel on the front side.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The absorbator (3A) is fixed inside the middle of a vacuum chamber of a metal box (2A). Cell thickness, width and length can be adapted according to need, effectiveness or location. The venetian blind-like absorbator has a blade fixed onto the copper pipe (1A) running through the middle of it. The vacuum chamber is located between the back side of the cell and the glass panel (4A) on the front side.    ADVANTAGE -   The cell has a cheap and simple construction, and is effective enough to supply heat during cold periods of the year. The cell is also easily installed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the cell. (1A) Copper pipe for transporting heat-carrying medium; (2A) Metal or glass fibre box with vacuum chamber and transparent glass pane in its front side; (3A) Absorbator; (4A) Glass panel.
NOVELTY - A frame (23) surrounds the perimeter of an electricity generation module (20). A feeder wire (35) is linked to the frame which is used as an antenna.    USE -   Is installed in roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Receives good electromagnetic wave. Utilizes solar battery as receiving antenna. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar power generation panel. (20) Electricity generation module; (23) Frame; (35) Feeder wire.
NOVELTY - The solar panel has a pair of glass plates (2a,2b). A solar battery cell (4) is attached to the internal surface of the glass plate (2b), using an adhesive tape (3). The periphery of the glass plates (2a,2b) is sealed by a sealing material (7) and inert gas such as nitrogen, argon or acrylic resin is filled into the hollow portion between the two glass plates as a filler (5).    USE - Installed in outer wall of residential building, arcade.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates usage of large sized laminator, since the large sized solar panel is made using filler and hence manufacturing cost is reduced. Is attached with barrier walls of a building thereby enabling effective utilization of space. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional view of a double sided glass sandwich type solar panel. (2a,2b) Glass plate; (3) Adhesive tape; (4) Solar battery; (5) Filler; (7) Sealing material.
NOVELTY - A control valve (10) adjusts the amount of water guided from a condenser (2) to a cooling tower (6). When the control valve (10), deviates another control valve (14) controls the water level to a predetermined level. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A detector (8) detects the water level of the condenser. The detected result is input to a water level recording unit (9) as a water level detection signal. Based on water level detection signal, the recording unit outputs an opening command signal either to control valve (10) or to the control valve (14), individually.    USE -   For condenser used in geothermal power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Controls water level to predetermined level, thus shutdown of plant is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of water-level controller. (2) Condenser; (6) Cooling tower; (8) Water-level detector; (9) Water-level recording unit; (10,14) Control valves.
NOVELTY - A transparent electrically conductive electrode (2) is formed on a glass substrate (1). The electrode is partitioned mutually by a laser scribe and heat treated at temperature above 300 C in the presence of nitrogen atmosphere of 1000 ppm or less of oxygen density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor layer (3) and another electrode (4) are formed on the divided electrode to form multiple photoelectric cells which are connected in series electrically.    USE -   For consumer application equipment e.g. calculator.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves glass strength by performing micro- range depth partition using laser scribe hence sheet-resistance of electrode is improved. Photoelectric conversion efficiency and in-plane strength are improved by increasing width of integration of cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross sectional view of the solar battery. (1) Glass substrate; (2,4) Electrodes; (3) Semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - A connection hole (7) is formed in a sequentially layered photo electric conversion layer (3) and an electrode layer (4). The layer (4) is formed above a transparent insulated substrate (1) through an electrode layer (2).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New electrode layer (5) is formed in the connection hole and on the electrode layer (4). A laser beam (72) is irradiated on the electrode layer (5) to promote connection with the electrode layer (2).    USE -   For solar batteries used in consumer application, e.g. for calculator power supply unit.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents raise in series resistance in the connection of electrode layers. Crystallizes boundary of hole, by irradiating with laser beam.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross- sectional view of thin film solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2,4,5) Electrode layers; (3) Photoelectric conversion layer; (7) Opening.
NOVELTY - A silicate glass substrate (21) is accommodated inside an airtight container provided with reducing agent. A vacuum UV ray of wavelength of less than 130 nm from a light source (2) is condensed and irradiated on the substrate surface.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Promotes silicon film generation due to reducing agent and irradiation by condensed vacuum UV ray. Si film is generated efficiently using simple process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows vacuum UV ray irradiation apparatus used in silicon film manufacture. (1) Reaction container; (2) Vacuum UV light source; (21) Silicate glass substrate.
NOVELTY - A Inx X1-x -MgX compound or Gax X1-x-MgX compound semiconductor thin film, where X is chosen from S, Se and Te, is formed between a semiconductor layer and a chalcopyrite structured transparent electrode layer of the solar battery, by sequentially depositing In or Ga, Mg and X.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of semiconductor thin film.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Maintains optical collection efficiency. Increases industrial merit.
NOVELTY - A substrate is first treated with hydrogen, and then with raw material gas diluted to desired concentration for forming a polycrystalline Si thin film. The raw material gas comprises either of the compounds such as silicon hydride, silicon halide or a mixture of silicon, hydrogen and halogen element.    USE -   For solar battery and TFT.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves polycrystalline Si thin film forming efficiency by adding hydrogen to oxide layer of substrate for performing reduction process. Degradation in electrical property is reduced by making thin film free from impurity elements.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram in which the crystalline and amorphous silicon structures are depicted.
NOVELTY - The fuel and oxygen are supplied to a fuel battery (51), thereby performing a chemical reaction. Gas ejected from the fuel battery is supplied to a combustor (52). Fluid containing oxygen, carbon and hydrogen atoms is also supplied to the combustor. The mixture supplied to the combustor is burnt. The fluid ejected from the combustor is then supplied to a CO2 separator (53) where carbon dioxide is separated from the fluid.    USE -   For thermal power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   The carbon dioxide is recovered efficiently without installing special separation apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the block diagram of electricity generator. (51) Fuel battery; (52) Combustor; (53) Carbon dioxide separator.
NOVELTY - An underlying or substrate material is disposed on the back of a solar cell module outputting electricity through electric connecting members, where a non-contact space is provided between the connecting members and the substrate.    USE - Solar cell for generating power from sunlight.    ADVANTAGE - Good water-tightness and weatherability, ensuring long term reliability. The connecting members are prevented from cracking. Installation operation of the cells is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) an enclosure of solar cells; and    (2) a process for installing an enclosure with solar cells by connecting to a collecting box inside a house through holes in the underlying or substrate material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows an example of an installed enclosure.    Solar cell modules (100)    Substrate (103)    Spacer (104)    Connecting member (110)
NOVELTY - In a solar cell a pattern of electrodes (10, 17) is connected to silicon elements (18), and a transparent protective layer (16) are provided on a carrier strip (1).    USE - As solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell unit has high flexibility and is easy to produce.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar cell unit (19) has a carrier strip (1) and connecting solar cells based on amorphous silicon electrically coupled to each other. A pattern of electrodes (10, 17) is connected to silicon elements (18), and a transparent protective layer (16) are provided on a carrier strip (1).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is the production of the solar cell unit comprising:    (1) applying a pattern of first electrodes (10) on the carrier strip at distances from each other;    (2) applying coverings (11, 12) with free spaces for the first electrodes (10);    (3) depositing amorphous silicon layers on the surfaces of the first electrodes (10) forming silicon elements;    (4) applying a pattern of second electrodes (17) on a transparent protection foil (16); and    (5) applying the foil to the silicon elements (18) forming contacts between silicon elements (18) and second electrodes (17).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the solar cell unit.    Carrier strip (1)    First electrodes (10)    Coverings (11, 12)    Transparent protective foil (16)    Second electrodes (17)    Silicon elements (18)
NOVELTY - The valve assembly contains butterfly valve (12) and an adjacent poppet type stop valve (16) arranged in the steam conduit (14). The butterfly valve consists of valve plate (24) bisected by pivot shaft (26) and allows steam through pipe in open condition.    USE - For steam inlet control in steam turbine in thermal power plant.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents flow disturbances caused by butterfly valve from passing through to the stop valve, thereby ensuring uniform steam flow and preventing damage to turbine diaphragm, stationary and rotating blades. Filters out foreign particles from steam generator and from the piping, thereby preventing blowing of stop valve or causing damage to turbine. Facilitates positioning of valve assembly close to turbine, and so obviates need for long pipe lines, thereby reducing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stop valve incorporates a cylindrical strainer (28) oriented so that steam entering stop valve passes through strainer before going through the valve outlet (22) into turbine inlet conduit. The butterfly valve and longitudinal center axis of strainer are perpendicular to each other.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a plan view of the valve assembly.    Butterfly valve (12)    Steam pipe (14)    Stop valve (16)    Butterfly valve plate (24)    Butterfly valve pivot shat (26)    Cylindrical strainer (28)
NOVELTY - The pipe ends (1A,2A) of pipes (1,2) are smaller in diameter than the outer diameter pipe end surfaces (1a,2a) of the pipes. The pipe ends are covered by sleeves (4,5) and the rear terminals (4b,5b) of the sleeves are welded to the periphery of the pipes. The inner terminals (4a,5a) of the sleeves are welded with each other.    USE -   For carrying combustion gas of thermal power station.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents weld cracking. Useful for connecting especially of 2.8C-27Cr-Fe high chrome cast iron on the spot and separation process of hard coal ash. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the pipe joint. (1,2) Pipes; (1A,2A) Pipe ends; (1a,2a) Pipe end surfaces; (4,5) Sleeves; (4a,5a) Inner terminals; (4b,5b) Rear terminals.
NOVELTY - Air is compressed in a compressor by the rotational energy of the tire of a moving vehicle. A valve (18) is opened or closed to release constant pressure air from the compressor to the blade rotated by a rotation amplifier (8). Air generator (11) is operated and electricity is generated continuously.    USE -   For vehicles using the turning effort of vehicular tire.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables stable and continuous power generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of installation state of power generator. (8) Rotation amplifier; (11) Air generator; (18) Valve.
NOVELTY - A waste heat boiler recovers heat energy from the combustion gas of a refuse incinerator and generates vapor. A heat exchanger tube temperature suppressing unit suppresses the temperature of superheater of boiler, below high corrosion threshold temperature, by adjusting vapor flow passing through the waste heat boiler.    USE -   For multiunit type refuse incineration power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the temperature is controlled reliably, durability of thermal efficiency are improved. Raises reliability by reducing starting time. Minimizes energy loss by turbine during starting. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows functional block diagram of refuse incineration power generating plant.
NOVELTY - The temperature of gas discharged from a waste heat boiler is maintained below a low temperature corrosion threshold by adjusting vapor pressure depending on allowance degree.    USE -   For heat exchanger tube in refuse incineration power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE -   As outlet gas temperature is controlled stably and reliably, low temperature corrosion is prevented and high heat recovery rate is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the functional block diagram of low temperature corrosion prevention controller of refuse incineration power generating plant.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (2) is arranged in the air space formed between glass plates by providing spacer inbetween them. A parallel track is formed in the air space to that of a dummy solar battery (3) is connected to the solar battery (2). An extraction electrode of the solar battery (2) is connected to an extraction electrode (20) of the dummy solar battery (3). The output of the solar battery is guided through the parallel track formed in the air space.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves dependability of solar battery. Improves appearance of solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan view of connection state of solar battery and dummy solar battery. (2) Solar battery; (3) Dummy solar battery; (20) Extraction electrode of dummy solar battery.
NOVELTY - Connecting terminals (13A,13B) are provided corresponding to a wiring duct and solar battery modules (10). The battery modules are connected through the terminals.    USE -   For solar battery modules installed in roof of buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates complicated external wirings and thus reduces construction time. Permeation of water is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the connection terminal structure for solar battery module. (10) Solar battery module; (13A,13B) Connection terminals.
NOVELTY - The sealing film consists of photoresistant and heat-resistant adhesive layer having ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as principal component along with metal hydroxide as a flame retardant. The adhesive layer is coated on a base material film having poor transparency.    The rate of vinyl content in ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer is 10-50 wt.%.    Preferred adhesive agent - To 100 wt. parts of copolymer, 0.1-10 wt. parts of organic peroxide and photosensitiser, 0.01-5 wt parts of silane coupling agent, 0.1-50 wt. parts of acryloxy group, methacryloxy group and allyl group compound and 1-200 wt. parts of hydrocarbon resin are included as adhesive agents.    The average roughness height on the surface of the adhesive layer is 50 m or less.    The base material has a light transmission of 50% or more and a refractive index of 1.8 or less.    USE -   For protecting electronic devices such as liquid crystal element, electroluminescent (EL) element, solar battery element, touch panel, integrated circuit driver, various electrodes such as indium tin oxide (ITO), copper electrode, tin electrode, solder electrode, etc..    ADVANTAGE -   Workability and operativity during electronic device sealing is good. The sealing film has improved fire retardancy.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (1) includes an insulated substrate (2), a transparent board (3) and a cell string (4). The cell string is formed by connecting several solar battery cells (41) through wiring. Bonding sheets (5,6) are polymerized on both sides of the cell string. Lead wires (7) enclosed in grooves (62) are pulled out and are connected with the cell string. The cell string is then bonded and sealed between the insulated substrate and the transparent board tightly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for manufacturing method of bonding sheet is also provided.    USE -   In solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies wiring of solar battery cell and lead wire. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram represents an exploded view of a solar battery module. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Insulated substrate; (3) Transparent board; (4) Cell string; (5,6) Bonding sheets; (7) Lead wires; (41) Solar battery cells; (62) Grooves.
NOVELTY - The solar collector (1) has an absorber tube (4) through which a thermal carrier medium (5) flows. A concentrator (2) concentrates solar radiation (3) onto the absorber tube. The concentrator is a circumferentially closed tube with deflection prisms (6) on the side facing the sun for focussing the solar radiation onto the absorber tube.    USE -   For solar-thermal power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Less susceptible to wind disturbance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a section through a solar collector. (1) Solar collector; (2) Concentrator; (3) Solar radiation; (4) Absorber tube; (5) Thermal carrier medium.
NOVELTY - After passing through a vaporizer (24) to vaporise the working fluid the heat depleted geothermal fluid is divided by a valve (40) into two portions, one passing into a preheater (32) to preheat working fluid and then to a settling pond (50), the other to a reinjection well (20).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vaporized fluid is expanded in a turbogenerator (26) and condensed in a condenser (28) before being preheated. The geothermal fluid from the preheater is reinjected into a separate well (22) via the settling pond (50). INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for (a) a module for a geothermal plant comprising the vaporizer, valve, preheater, a turbogenerator valve (54) reinjectors and a temperature sensor (52) which controls valves (40) (54); (b) a geothermal power plant comprising a number of modules.    USE -   In the generation of power from geothermal fluid.    ADVANTAGE -   By also controlling the amount of heat depleted geothermal fluid passing to the preheater incipient precipitation in the preheater and its associated piping can be prevented in the face of variations in flow rate of the geothermal fluid and its temperature and pressure. Consequently maintenance associated with the power plant is simplified, costs are reduced and greater on-line reliability is achieved. Since only a portion of the geothermal fluid passes to the preheater the size of the settling pond and the amount of environmentally unacceptable vapours and gases are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic flow diagram of the geothermal power plant (29) vaporizer; (26) turbogenerator; (28) condenser; (30) pump; (32) preheater; (40) valve; (52) temperature sensor; (54) valve; (20) hot reinjection well; (50) settling pond; (22) cold reinjection well.
The array (1) includes a pair of parallel extension arms (11) which have pivots (25,30,35) so that they can be folded before deployment of the array. A number of parallel pairs of wire stays (10) are attached to and extend from the bottom end of each extension arm. Pivots (15) on the ends of the wire stays are for folding the stays before deployment of the array. A number of tension wires (5) are connected between the stays, for forming a concentrator. A reflective concentrator film (4) for reflecting solar rays is stretched over the tension wires along the length of the extension arms. A number of control lines (8) are connected between the top of the extension arms and the wire stays to control the position of the reflective film.    A solar cell (9) attached between the top ends of the extension arms receives the rays reflected from the film. A heat pipe (3) for cooling the solar cell is attached to the cell and has radiating surfaces parallel to the length of the extension arms and above the top end of the extension arms. Light reflected from the film does not strike the heat pipe. A feed roller (7) is attached at one end of the wire stays adjacent the extension arms. The feed roller contains a length of reflective concentrator film for replacing film which has been degraded from atomic oxygen or other space contaminations. A take-up roller (6) at the other end of the wire stays takes up spent film. A motor (12) is attached to the take-up roller to rotate it, to keep tension on the film and to replace the spent film.    ADVANTAGE -   Overcomes previous problems with surfaces degrading from contamination. Maintains the correct optical shape of the concentrator and therefore its optical properties. Maintains the reflective properties of the concentrator over long periods of time.
NOVELTY - The hollow portion (1) of an expandable metal container (16) is filled with cement (2). The container is inserted to predetermined depth inside a hole (17) filled with water (12). An aperture in the container closed by a cover (4) is opened and water enters the container. The cement in the container swells and solidifies and the container expands to close the hole.    USE -   For high temperature rock power generation in geothermal power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reliable blocking of bore as cement solidifies and is not crushed as well if the container outer surface deteriorates. Installation cost is reduced as water supply through aperture is controlled by using simple component. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the expandable plug with aperture of container in closed condition. (1) Hollow portion; (2) Cement; (12) Water; (15) Cover; (16) Expandable metal container; (17) Hole.
NOVELTY - The arrangement has at least one glass body (5) of an essentially hopper shape standing on its point (7), which opens into one end of a single strand, preferably a glass fibre cable (8) connected to at least one solar cell module (11) or a container of a liquid thermal transfer medium.    USE -   For generating energy from solar radiation.    ADVANTAGE -   Achieves 100 per cent utilisation of the incident radiation to generate electrical or thermal energy cost-effectively and at minimal equipment cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic with glass bodies, cables and a solar cell module. (5) glass bodies; (8) cables; (11) solar cell module.
NOVELTY - A reflector (20) is linear along an axis and is curved along a line (24), which is broken by corrugations (26), shown jagged or abrupt but which can also be optimized for smooth curvature. The reflector can be used as a solar energy concentrator or as a reflector. During use as a concentrator, a light source (28) would instead be a receiver of energy, to be transmitted elsewhere as heat or light or both DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a non-imaging optical system    USE -   Passive solar collector or non- imaging distributor of radiation, using concentration of sunlight at a desired region over wide range of angles of incidence and reflection of light over relatively large solid angle.    ADVANTAGE -   Higher concentration of sunlight using stationary collector designed to operate only for part of a year.
A valve controller has one or more solar cells for charging a large capacitor or capacitors, providing energy storage for continuous powering of a very low current single-chip computer-controlled controller, supplying power to latching solenoids of pilot operated valves (22,30,32). Programming the micro-controller is accomplished by magnetically actuating 'yes' and 'no' reed switches responding to prompts on a display. Independent claims are included for a solar operated control and solar operated valve.    USE -   Automatic control of sprinkler valves and other irrigation systems using valves with time-of-day controller.    ADVANTAGE -   Simple self-prompting programming of valve without using sealed mechanical valves.
NOVELTY - An electricity generation unit (3) sandwiched between a temperature source container (1) and high temperature heat source container (2). A heating furnace is contained in the high temperature source container. A thermo electric element (5) with exchanger plates (7) is inserted in the electricity generation unit.    USE -   For electric light, radio, TV, radio cassette recorder.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat energy for boiling water is efficiently used and generates neither noise nor oscillation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the thermoelectric exchange electrical power generating device. (1) Temperature source container; (2) High temperature heat source container; (3) Electricity generation unit; (4) Heating furnace; (5) Thermoelectric element; (7) Exchanger plates.
NOVELTY - A controller (12) regulates the output voltage of a converter (11) based on the electric power output from an inverter (13). The DC side of the inverter and the converter are connected to a battery (5). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each solar power generator (7) has an inverter (6) for converting the electric power of a solar battery (1) to AC electric power. The converter transforms the AC electric power of an AC distribution line (8) to DC electric power. The inverter (13) converts the DC electric power of the battery (5) to AC electric power. The AC sides of the two inverters are connected to the AC distribution line.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables distributed installation of solar battery corresponding to distributed load by connecting AC distribution line to inverters. Protects battery by fine load limitation. Simplifies control by reducing distance between circuit breaker and controller. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a solar power generating system. (1) solar battery; (5) battery; (6,13) inverter; (7) solar power generator; (8) AC distribution line; (11) converter; (12) controller.
NOVELTY - An electrode (12) extends outside the light receiving surface of a solar battery cell (10). A cooling pipe (28) containing coater is provided on the extended portion (15), to bring down the temperature of solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the entire solar battery is cooled uniformly, recombination loss is also minimized and the electricity generation efficiency of the cell is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery module. (10) Solar battery cell; (12) Electrode; (15) Extended portion; (28) Cooling pipe.
NOVELTY - A tetrapod (3) is installed under the sea. A coil chain (4) is attached to one end of the tetrapod and a weight is attached to the other end. A sprocket (5) connected to the chain, rotates when a float (1) raises and descends by the vertical motion of the waves. The sprocket is also coupled to the generator which rotates in fixed direction irrespective of the rotation direction of the sprocket, for generating electricity.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents destruction of installation. Enables efficient electricity generation. Avoids need for additional power source since generator is made to function as electric motor at time of requirement. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the electricity generation system. (1) Float; (3) Tetrapod; (4) Coil chain; (5) Sprocket.
NOVELTY - The refrigerator has no requirement for external power supplies or other external supplies of ice, cool blocks, etc.    USE -   Cooled storage and transportation of food or drink    ADVANTAGE -   Requires no external supplies. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded view of the refrigerator. (1) Cover and solar panel; (2) upper container half; (3) lower container half; (4) aluminium collar; (5) main housing; (6) fan; (7) motor; (9) fan; (11) cooling element; (12) cooling element; (14) cooling fins; (15) front grill.
NOVELTY - The method involves passing comminuted waste material though a pyrolysis reaction chamber and cooling the gaseous pyrolysis reaction product. The pyrolysis and cooling chambers are adjoining and waste material is advanced through the pyrolysis chamber by advancement comprising rotary drive shaft sealingly journalled through the walk of the cooling chamber remote from the pyrolysis chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for the recovery of energy values from biodegradable waste material.    USE -   For fuel from waste material.    ADVANTAGE -   Operates at temperatures sufficiently high to enable biologically active waste to be safely disposed of, and which is more efficient and more environmentally acceptable. Permits greater flexibility of plant operation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side elevation in diagrammatic form of a pyrolysis conversion apparatus.
NOVELTY - A conductive substrate (10) is coated with ester solution containing organic metal salts of I and III group elements such that Cu-In acetate solution film (40) is formed on the substrate. The substrate with film is then heat treated in an oxidising atmosphere to form Cu-In-O film (41). The substrate with oxide layer is further heat treated in reducing atmosphere containing VI group elements like sulphur to form Cu-In-S2 film (42). A CdS film and a transparent electrode film (44) are formed on Cu-In-S2 film, by sputtering. Au electrode terminal (50) is then formed on the transparent electrode film.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Solar battery with high transformation is manufactured at low cost. The pressure of oxygen in the film for burring the lattice defect of thin layer is achieved thereby attaining optimisation of carrier density.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of the structure of solar battery manufacture. (10) Conductive substrate ; (40) Cu-In acetate solution film ; (41) Cu- In-O film ; (42) Cu-In-S2 film ; (44) Transparent electrode film ; (50) Au electrode terminal.
A solar battery module comprises a solar battery cell with a surface material laminated to cover a surface of the cell. A photocatalyst layer is formed on the surface material.    USE -   Solar battery module capable of preventing/minimizing contamination of the surface material.    ADVANTAGE -   The surface of the module is self-cleaning and therefore avoids loss of irradiation energy of solar light to the solar battery, thus maintaining electric power generation for a long time.
A methyl methacrylic resin composition (I) comprises (A) 30-60 wt.% unsaturated monomer mixture comprising (a) an unsaturated monomer having at least two double bonds which can effect radical polymerisation; (B) 40-70 wt.% resin particles made of a polymer of a methyl methacrylic unsaturated monomer comprising (i) 20-100 parts weight (pts. wt.) partially crosslinked resin particles and (ii) 0-80 pts. wt. uncrosslinked resin particles, where the total of (i) and (ii) is 100 pts. wt.; and (C) 0.1-5 wt.%, based on the weight of (A)+(B), of radical polymerisation initiator.    Also claimed are (1) a moulded article or lamp cover obtained by polymerising and curing (I); and (2) production of a moulded article, comprising mixing and aging (I), and polymerising and curing the material.    USE -   In moulded automobile parts, lighting apparatus, construction materials including windows and wall boards, coating materials for bath tubs and washstands, kitchenware, appliance parts and covers, front panels for liquid crystal displays and monitors, lenses, compact discs, and protecting covers for solar batteries and signboards. The moulded material is especially useful for lamp covers (claimed) e.g. tail lamps, head lamps, fog lamps, halogen lamps and sodium lamps.    ADVANTAGE -   The composition is stable, easy to handle and mould, and has good dimensional stability. It provides moulded articles with good crack-free appearance having high transparency and good weather resistance as well as high surface hardness and scratch resistance.
NOVELTY - The booster has at least one prism (2) located above the solar module (1) plane, outside of the solar module surface, diverting the solar radiation (3) into the direction of the solar module. The prism irradiation face is twice to four times that of the module face. Pref. two prisms are arranged in opposite configuration.    USE -   For photovoltaic energy supply, especially for small networks.    ADVANTAGE -   Increase energy yield with low-cost booster. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the booster. (1) Solar module; (2) Prism; (3) Impinging radiation.
The method involves converting temperature fluctuations which occur between a buffer heat store and the atmosphere into electrical energy with the aid of a thermo-generator. The buffer is enclosed in an insulator. The voltage generator by the thermo-generator is then transformed using a switched electronic circuitry. The generator uses the buffer store to maintain difference in temperature with surrounding medium, e.g. air, a liquid or thermal radiation.    USE -   For supplying power to indoor data transmission systems or similar installations with low power consumption.    ADVANTAGE -   The efficiency of the thermal generator is determined by the size of the buffer store, its thermal capacity and the temperature difference. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a view of an appliance to this invention.
The installation comprises windmills (1) which are mounted on a frame (5-7) which has floats (15). The installation is capable of turning about a vertical axis in order to turn the windmills towards the wind. The windmills are supported in bearings in gondolas (2) and are mounted in two horizontal rows one above the other.    The gondolas are secured to girders with two platforms (25) on the floats supporting the girders together with a central anchored float (16) which has a bearing (17). A motor driven propeller (20) rotates the floating island about the vertical axis of the bearing. A slevane arm (9) and a crane jib (10) are mounted on a crane (80) for carrying out maintenance.    USE -   Floating island of windmills.    ADVANTAGE -   Simple and stable structure which allows the windmills to be directed at the wind.
The sea turbine has several water wheels (16) which are connected to an elongated carrier (15) which is anchored in a water stream and extending vertically into the water stream. The carrier is symmetrical about a vertical central plane, preferably with a symmetrical wing shaped for use in a bidirectional sea stream.    The water wheels are arranged over and under the carrier, but may also be arranged between two parallel carriers. The carrier has ballast compartments (32,33) to control the buoyancy. The carrier has a central engine compartment (31) with the ballast compartments mounted on either side. The floor (35) of the engine compartment carries a rotational converter (36).    USE -   Turbines using sea streams to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE -   Can be easily constructed for towing to site with minimal towering parts.
The helium balloon transport system comprises two separate helium balloon clusters (31) with underslung framing (2,3,4,21) for use with two separate balloons (5), and preferably six balloons of comparable size, the entire system being interconnected (19) with moorings (16) to the ground (20) and having a gross lift of roughly 10,000 pounds. Power is provided by photo-voltaic cells (5) augmented by rechargeable batteries (23). Travel is normally realized by throwing out grapples (26) and by winching (24) toward these fixed points (20). Free flight is reserved for emergency situations. The underslung framing (4) is rotatable to give a level configuration which when close to the ground in a jungle or forest allows for the avoidance of the damaging effects of high winds. The configuration is capable of use for travel upwind.    USE -   May be used to transport commercial loads, or as a residence by more than a dozen persons over inhospitable regions to include swamps, jungles and dense forests for extended periods of time, for disaster relief or to establish a military presence.    ADVANTAGE -   Has squat or minimum height while maximising lift. Grapples or sea anchors provide contact with the ground.
Shafts (10, 11) filled with gas and liquid respectively are arranged side by side and connected to each other at the top and bottom. Weights (17) are moved to follow an endless path (15) going up through the liquid-filled shaft and down through the gas-filled shaft. An endless belt or chain (12) or a drive screw acting as a transport device for the weights, extends between the top and bottom of the two shafts. Coupling elements (18) join the weights together.    Coupling devices in the transport device engage with the coupling elements and temporarily connect the weights to the transport device as they move up through the liquid and down through the gas, to transfer upthrust and gravitational forces to the transport device. An inlet (51) and outlet (52) are provided in the top and bottom of the liquid-filled shaft. A sluice system (25) in the bottom of the generator is used to allow the weights to enter the liquid-filled shaft from the gas-filled shaft. The weights have a lower density than the liquid and a greater density than the gas. An energy generating process using the above arrangement is also claimed.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Electricity can be generated without there being any adverse affect on the environment.
NOVELTY - A thermocouple element (1) is connected serially with a battery (2), a DC-AC converter (3) and a home power supply, and assists the electric power supply of the power supply.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces power loss by conserving electric power efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents block diagram of auxiliary power supply equipment. (1) Thermocouple element; (2) Battery; (3) DC-AC converter.
NOVELTY - A clip (50) comprises two insertion portions (51,52) at its cone shaped end and two clamps (53,54). The clamps are fitted to a slit (31a) formed on rail (31). The width of clip at base of cone is larger than width of the slit, and the two ends of the clip has polymerised parts (55,56) with two holes (57,58) which gets overlapped in normal state. After the clip is inserted into the slits, the two polymerised ends of clip gets separated, thereby separating the two holes away from the slit.    USE -   For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies attachment/removal of clip. Enables arrangement of solar battery modules in series, thereby avoiding necessity of wiring. Eliminates gap between solar battery modules, thereby eliminating need for cover. Enables correct alignment of clips of solar module and rails, thereby eases assemblage.
NOVELTY - Several circuits (11a,11b,12a) are formed on each opposing surface of insulating substrates (11,12). Several N-type thermoelements (13) and P-type thermoelements (14) are electrically connected by the circuits serially in the order of N,P,N and P. N-type thermoelements, P-type thermoelements and an insulator (17) are joined forming several element rows (18). The element rows are arranged mutually parallel with predetermined space inbetween them. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is given for thermoelectric element manufacture.    USE -   As energy source of electronic wrist watch.    ADVANTAGE -   Connection mistake of elements can be eliminated. More number of elements can be arranged effectively in small volume since space between N-type and P-type thermoelements is narrowed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of solar cell array. (11,12) Insulation substrates; (11a,11b,12a) Circuits; (13) N-type thermoelements; (14) P-type thermoelements; (17) Insulator; (18) Element rows.
NOVELTY - A nozzle (12) is inserted axially into a diffuser (15) in the ejector (11). A jacket (17) for cooling is provided surrounding the diffuser part.    USE -   For extraction of steam from condenser in geothermal power plant, chemical processing plant.    ADVANTAGE -   The concentration or adhesion of impurity containing corrosive substance to internal surface of diffuser is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of ejector. (11) Ejector; (12) Steam nozzle; (15) Diffuser; (16) Jacket.
NOVELTY - A sea water dam (10) is provided with hydroelectric power generating facilities which utilize the water level difference of open sea and sea water dam. A floating body, which floats in the sea water dam, supports buildings (2) or artificial grounds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A circular dike (1) is set on a sea bed ground. The dike projects beyond the sea surface. Sea water is stored inside a sea water dam (10). A floating body floats on the sea water stored inside the sea water dam. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an electricity generating method used in an offshore structure.    USE -   Used as marine city.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures efficient electricity generation since water level difference of open sea and sea water dam is utilized. Ensures effective utilization of sea water energy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of an offshore structure. (2) buildings; (10) sea water dam.
The method involves preparing a honeycomb cell structure (20) by joining two surface panels (24,26) to opposite opening sides of a honeycomb core (21). One panel has perforations (29) communicating with cavities (23) in the cells (22) of the core.    The core has at least a pair of perforations (28) in the walls of each of the cells or is made of a porous material. A solar battery unit (10) is mounted on the surface panel via a sheet of bonding material (31) and they are joined by applying heat and pressure while the air remaining in the gap between them is caused to flow into the cavities in the cells.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates air bubbles between the solar battery unit and the surface panel of the honeycomb structure, thereby increasing uniformity of the produced solar battery module. Allows thorough radiation of heat from the solar battery unit even when it is at a high temperature because the interface between the joining member and the solar battery unit communicates with the ambient air via the cavities. Allows sunlight to be converted into electrical energy with fully satisfactory efficiency. Alleviates the usual decline of electrical output due to rises in temperature.
Surface structuring is performed on thermoplastic products during various forming processes (e.g. pressure injection moulding). Temperature gradients are adjusted depending on particular thermoplastic characteristics. The temperature gradient between the surface to be structured and the opposite lower- or inner surface is adjusted during forming. Surfaces which are not to be structured are cooled below the setting point of the plastics. Those surfaces to be structured remain in the plasticised state. As the pretreated forming tool is removed, the surface of the product becomes fibrillated. Also claimed is the thermoplastic product made as described. It may be formed and textured for use e.g. in filtration.    USE -   To make a textured surface during a plastics forming process, used in e.g. filtration.    ADVANTAGE -   Structuring can be accomplished at the same time as forming, and may be localised. It is internal or external. Temperature gradient, absolute temperature, the plastics selected and the forming tool pretreatment can control the result (others cited in text), (roughening, impressing, coating etc.) with the increase achievable by the new method. The surface area increase achievable compared with prior art is 2000% as oppose to 250%. Structuring is reliably reproducible and homogeneous. Adhesion over the gas-filled micro-engineered holes of the mould is slight, but adequate for fibrillation. Molecular orientation in the fibrils enhances their tensile strength. A variety of fibrillated forms is made possible by controlling the laser microengineering.
The apparatus (30) which consists of a current detector (41), a voltage detector (42) and an optical detection unit (33) is connected to a solar battery (1) through a connection box (2). The current detector measures the flow of charging current in a capacitor (11). The voltage detector measures the voltage across the terminals of the capacitor and the optical detection unit measures the light energy received by the solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Judges abnormalities of solar battery output, exactly.
The composition includes Ag powder and a metal chosen from among V, Mo and W, with an organic catalyst. The chosen metal is included at a rate of 0.2-16 wt parts for every 100 wt parts of Ag powder.    ADVANTAGE -   Promotes degree of sintering of Ag electrode. Avoids post processing like acid treatment.
The apparatus has solar heat collecting devices (1) which collect solar heat. A heat exchanger (2) is built in the lower portion of a thermal storage tank (3) and performs a heat exchange with the solar heat collecting devices using the collected solar heat.    A midnight electric-power utilisation heater (4) is provided in the middle of the height direction of the thermal storage tank. A daytime electric-power utilisation heater (5) is provided in the upper portion of the thermal storage tank.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces initial cost since thermal storage tank with small capacity can be used. Reduces restrictions in installation space since thermal storage tank can be installed to small space. Thermal storage tank can be installed inside e.g. entrance wing wall, outer wall, meter box, behind ceiling, and hut reverse side, thus preventing damage to beautiful view of building. Ensures safety when taking hot water from thermal storage tank since water does not pass in solar heat collecting devices. Heat exchanger and solar heat collecting devices can be made to circulate heat through heat carrier with no corrodible metal component in order to prevent corrosion.
NOVELTY - Electric power generated by the solar battery module (1) is collected by a collection cable (3) connected to a branch joint box (4) and the collection cable and the branch joint box are provided in a sink bridge piece (5). The sink is fixed to the upper surface of sarking (2) which has L-shaped cross-section with a leg piece. The branch box is hooked in notch (7) provided in the leg piece. A projector (6) of a branch joint box is hooked on to the notch of the bridge piece.    USE -   For solar power generation and storage.    ADVANTAGE -   Features simple construction and maintenance. Eliminates disconnection due to rain water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the roof panel wiring with solar power generation system. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Sarking; (3) Collection cable; (4) Branch joint box; (5) Sink cross piece; (6) Projector; (7) Notch.
The generator (2) has a cylindrical shaped container (6) made of resin. Two magnets (8,9) are provided on the inner sides of the container walls. A wire (7) is arranged between the magnets. The inner portion of container top and bottom is fixed vertically by two metal plates (10,11).    An air cushion (12) is provided in contact with wire. A gel-like substance is placed between the metal plate and the wire. When pressure is applied to the upper portion of generator, the wire moves in the magnet field and thus an emf is produced in the wire.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables transferring of exerted pressure to wire efficiently. Produces electricity efficiently and cheaply. Simplifies installation.
The structure has a laminate of P-type, i-type and N-type semiconductor (3-5) respectively. The Ptype semiconductor layer which is formed by plasma CVD process has two layers with different crystallinity.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves release voltage.
A film consists of a powdered thermoplastic silicone resin having a softening temp. in the range of 30-200 C, or a thermoplastic silicone resin having a softening temp. in the range of 30-200 C. The film is deposited on one surface or both the surfaces of an unset thermosetting silicone rubber sheet having thickness in the range of 0.1-10 mm.    USE -   The protective sheet is used as a sealer for a solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   The protective sheet has superior transparency, adhesion, weather resistance, and fire retardancy. Long-term, stable power generation is observed even if the solar battery module is used in the severe environment. Superior mouldability is also observed. The result reduces fraction defective in assembling the solar battery, and enhances efficiency.
The connection is done by connecting several solar battery cells (2a,2b) having approximately same current characteristics serially.    USE -   For displaying character, graphic, picture by mounting on building wall.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents generation of hot spots and hence reduces chances of catching fire. Ensures reliable display.
The detector (100) includes output detectors (13(1)-13(x)) which output a first signal when the output voltage of a solar battery is below predetermined value. When the light receiving strength of external light becomes below a predetermined value, a day-night discriminator (20) outputs a second signal. When the signals are sensed, warning output circuits (12,30) output an alarm signal.    ADVANTAGE -   Detects abnormality correctly and sends out result as alarm signal.
The method involves performing a target track setting process which sets up the target track of a controlled variable vector. The estimate (ym) of the controlled variable vector in a predetermined time (k) is calculated by substituting the controlled variable vector to a numerical model (M'). The numerical model shows the relationship of a control input vector (u) and the controlled variable vector.    An error calculation process computes the error (~Dy) of the estimate to the observed value (y) of the controlled variable vector. A control input decision process decides the control input vector in the predetermined time by a predictor control technique, using the set-up target track, computed error and the numerical model.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables efficiently and stably obtaining superheated steam since bad influence to controlled variable by interference of control input is reduced. Obtains efficient and stable energy recovery since three controlled variable can correctly express condition of superheated steam.
The assembly comprises a mirror having upper and lower surfaces and is curved in two planes. A portion of a first support member, contacts a part of the lower surface of the mirror. A second support member, is orientated in a direction perpendicular to the first support member to support the first support member.    The first support members are curved in the first plane so that the entire length of each first support member contacts the mirror. The second support members are adapted to contact and support each first support member. The first support includes two support members. The second support includes two support members. The first support members have a I-shaped cross-section.    ADVANTAGE -   Lighter and cheaper to manufacture.
The collector has a concentrating reflector (110) that has thermally insulated heat chambers along the concentration line. The heat transfer rate from each chamber is individually controlled. The radiation from sun is concentrated along the concentration line by the concentrating reflector. The major axis of the concentrating reflector is set parallel to the concentration line. Directing reflectors (116) are located at the end of the concentrating reflector, perpendicular to the major axis of the reflector. The directing reflectors are extended from the concentrating reflector beyond the concentration line.    The radiation to and from the concentrating reflector is directed by the directing reflector. When the sun is located at direction perpendicular to the concentration line, the concentration is evenly distributed along the concentration line. When the sun is located at an angle to the concentration line, the concentration is varied along the concentration line. The reflectors are covered by a transparent cover. The concentrated radiation is converted to electric energy and thermal energy by the converters.    USE -   Is arranged inside transparent wall of building. For heating and cooling of building air space and water heating. For lighting system, heat drying, desalination, distillation, chemical batch process.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves energy conservation efficiency. Reduces cost of power generation by utilizing preformed metal frame for supporting energy collector. Reduces maintenance of energy collector. Facilitates efficient usage in various geographical locations. Reduces thermal loss efficiently. Simplifies tracking and positioning of reflectors.
The solar car has a number of fans (4) attached to the roof (2) and front (3) portions. A support (9) is provided in the roof portion. A board (12) made of hard, lightweight material and of elliptical shape installed in the shape of a roof covers the front and rear window glasses (10,11), respectively. Several solar batteries (8) are bonded to the surface of the bonnet (6) and trunk (7).    Several lead wires from the fan and the solar batteries are connected to a storage battery (5) installed inside the main body. The battery supplies power to a motor (14) through an electronic controller (15) for driving the front wheel axle (13) with the controller.    ADVANTAGE -   Uses freely available natural energy effectively and efficiently without polluting environment. Cools inner side of car during summer as board acts as roof cover. Reduces mass of car by lift produced by wind force. Reduces cost due to simple structure.
The solar energy collector system has a panel that has photo electric solar cells on the surface (1) and internally has waterways through which water circulates to heat water in a tank.    The electrical energy from the solar energy cells is fed to a circuit (14) that has inputs from temperature sensors. When the solar cell temperature rises above a set level water is valve (9,10) switched through a bypass that has fan cooling (8) powered by the solar energy.    USE -   For solar energy collection.    ADVANTAGE -   Protects solar cells from over heating.
A housing shaped like roof tiles has interlocking and overlapping features as well as a transparent covering. Thermal conducting material picks up and transmits heat. The housing forms a row of tiles at double tile width. Shaped like a box (7) fixed to its area (6), it also sits over its tile area (6) free from overlapping lips (2', 3'). In the box along its narrow sides are fitted flow and return power line units (9) for interconnections (10) between them. The ends of these flow and return power line units pass through the long sides (11, 11') of the box in a cross wise direction. Their tips (9') are fitted with ring seals (12).    ADVANTAGE -   Uses simple method of construction and low-cost materials being easy to handle and fit.
The meter detects measurement values using sensors (13,15) and transmits them. The current for the sensors and electronics system is automatically generated by converting flow energy into electrical energy, e.g. using a turbine (1) and generator (2). The electronics system includes a pulse counter (8), a signal processor (9) and a memory (10) for storing measurement values, etc.    An electromechanical, magnetic, acoustic or optical sensor may be connected to the turbine. A mechanical meter may be connected to the moving parts, e.g. to the turbine shaft.    ADVANTAGE -   Meter operates autonomously, i.e. without battery power, and facilitates remote readout.
The respirator receives breathing gas, e.g. oxygen from a pressure vessel (1) at the mask (8). The pressure reduction results by a regulated braked prime mover, in the form of a compressed air motor or a turbine, which drives a generator or itself acts as a generator, so that the pressure energy produced can be converted into electrical power.    The electrical power obtained can be used for regulating the breathing gas supply and can be stored in capacitors or batteries. The prime mover can be braked by the generator, which is controlled by electrical regulation with an application of load.    ADVANTAGE -   Necessary energy conversions are carried out in more efficient manner using benefit of electronic regulation to reduce any servicing required.
Apparatus for generating electricity from body heat comprises a thermopile formed of series-connected thermocouples, each having a hot junction (3) receiving body heat, a cold junction (4) exposed to the atmosphere, and a thin insulating film between the hot junction and the body part. The thermocouples are preferably formed of sheets of copper/constantan, silicon/germanium, nickel/chromium or semiconductor materials. Method for generating power using the apparatus is claimed.    USE -   As a power supply for a low-voltage device or micro-electronic device, such as pacemaker, hearing aids etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The device may include several thousand junctions per square cm and may provide a conversion efficiency of 2-10%.
The system includes a pair of foils (2) which are arranged in the upstream side of the fluid flow so as to accelerate the fluid flowing through it. The foils have a camber which is varied using a threaded actuator (2b). A pair of vertical axis turbines (12) which have several vanes are arranged away from foils, at the down stream side.    The vanes of the turbines are driven by the flow of fluid. An electric motor (13) adjusts the position of the two turbines so as to expose a part of each turbine to the fluid. A pair of generators (7) are connected to the turbine, for applying electrical energy, where rotational energy is stored in a fly wheel (10).    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates variation of camber of foils which optimises fluid flow which supplies adequate torque to turbine which inturn prevents damage of turbine components. Facilitates generation of power even when speed of turbine slows down. Improves efficiency of turbine by shielding upwind or counter rotating side of turbine from fluid passing and driving the turbine. Enhances utilisation of energy contained in moving fluid steel by moving turbine relative to end of coil.
The device comprises of a frame (2) which forms a structure for accommodating a solar battery module (4). The solar battery module is provided with a water proof sheet laminated on either sides of the module.    A drive unit drives a rolling up roll (5) to roll the solar battery module over a rolling up shaft (7). The edge of the solar battery module is suppressed by a guide bar (23). The electric power generated by the solar battery module is extracted by a terminal (8).    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces weight by minimizing number of components. Stabilizes output irrespective of installation environment.
The method involves oxidising surface of a light receiving surface electrode (3) of a solar battery (16) using ozone. Then, an oxide film is formed on the surface of electrode    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids reduction of transformation efficiency of solar battery. Offers availability of high energy source. Avoids toxic substance content in solder.
The system has a dryer (2) which is filled with garbage (A) and sealed. Inlet and outlet lines carrying a drying medium (M) are arranged to pass through the dryer in a closed circuit.    Midway through the closed circuit, is provided a heat pump system (3) to heat the drying medium such as gas or liquid to a temperature below 100degC. A compressor (31), an evaporator (32) and an expansion valve (34) and a condenser (33) for circulating a heating medium in another closed circuit to heat the drying medium to required low temperature.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents melting of plastics in garbage. Prevents fire accidents. Offers system occupying very less installation space.
The combustion boiler has a dust collecting vessel (3) provided between boiler (1) and air preheaters (4). The combustion air is heated and collected smoke dust is circulated in the boiler where the carbon content of unburnt dust is burnt and NOx is reduced.    ADVANTAGE -   Removes smoke dust. Prevents occlusion. Improves combustion efficiency. Reduces NOx in discharge.
The unit includes a condenser (1) for condensing mercury vapour. An evaporator (2) is provided below the condenser to evaporate liquid mercury. The condenser and evaporator are connected by vacuum pipings (3,4) to form a closed loop. A rotary wing (7) is provided in the downstream side of the vacuum piping.    A generator (19) is coupled to the shaft of rotary wing. The rotary wing is rotated due to fall of condensed mercury. A non- return valve (20) is provided in the vacuum pipes to control the mercury flow direction.    ADVANTAGE -   Generates electricity by using geothermal energy or wasteful heat energy, effectively thereby electric power is generated at relatively low cost.
The mechanism includes a spring (6) attached to folded refraction unit (5) of a bellow shaped membrane structure object (8). The object is expandable in space, by unfolding the refraction unit.    ADVANTAGE -   Attains expansion of membrane object in space without damaging membrane object. Raises reliability, stability, rigidity of membrane structure.
(FI102565-B1)      NOVELTY - An absorption aggregate (5,8,9,10) is heated by the district heating network. The aggregate is designed in view of power below the peak consumption.. When consumption exceeds design power, the temperature of water discharged to the boiler part (5) of the aggregate is raised by an external heat source . Part of this water is conducted to the heat source, where it is heated above the desired discharge temperature and then conducted back and mixed with the unheated water.    USE -   Producing cooling power for one or more buildings    ADVANTAGE -   Cuts power peaks in both heating and cooling when there is no space for tanks, compact, cost-effective DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the invention. (5,8,9,10) Absorption aggregate; (23) Heat exchanger; (26) External heat source e.g. boiler .
The generator uses solar modules arranged between the two rails of a railway track. The modules may be arranged in the space between the sleepers. They may be inclined towards the main beam of the sun.    The modules may be installed in frames between neighbouring sleepers., with concrete or steel gratings. They may be rotatable towards the direction of the sun, and may include lenses or prisms.    USE -   The generator is used for electric railway.    ADVANTAGE -   The generator provides energy for a long time, with high reliability.
The conversion of redundant oil and natural gas drilling platforms, so that all useful modern developments such as nuclear and wind power can be incorporated. Whilst providing a clean, environmentally friendly, up to data infrastructure. Research, sampling and monitoring also proving can be instituted. With the possibility that much of the plant already existing can be incorporated, also after modification. Cost analysis is used to determine feasibility of any projects.    Development can be carried out to ascertain the valuable products in the sea or ocean water and the required processing. In addition the underwater formations can be monitored with a view to mining for products required in the modern economy. Any rebuilding and relocation can be carried out with regard to the human and environmental requirements.    ADVANTAGE -   Great benefits are possible with regard to technological, sociological, economic and environmental factors.
The system to track the sun is composed of reflectors in rows, vacuum tubes, mountings and supports, control system and heat-using system.    The two-dimension actuating linkage is provided for rotation to follow the sun's motion.    USE -   For power generation.
A curve (7) tracing the chosen desired reflector shape is extended further forwards and backwards and is preferably a hypothetical shape which can be suitably defined by a mathematical formula. The wall of the reflector extends between front and rear reflector edges (8,9) and the reflector member is positioned so that the maximum amount of annual solar irradiation is absorbed by an absorber (3). The front reflector portion (4) is on the front of a parabola with its focus in the upper edge (5) or the absorber and its symmetry axis is aligned with a chosen upper acceptance angle for the solar radiation.    The arc (6) extends between the lower edge of the absorber and a point (10) and has the same radius as the height of the absorber, while its centre coincides with a focal point (5) of the parabola. The reflector member is displaced forward or backward in relation to a reflector profile to provide the maximum amount of solar irradiation on the absorber.    USE -   Optimisation of solar panel of single-axis-concentrating type with a trough-shaped asymmetrical reflector    ADVANTAGE -   Optimisation of shape of reflector
The gas decompression turbine (1) has a partition wall (5) provided with gas decompression jets (4) fitted within the gas supply line, with an asynchronous motor and/or generator (3) positioned on the high pressure side of the partition wall. At least one light-weight paddle wheel (7) is fitted to a shaft (6) on the low pressure side of the partition wall, for rotation by the gas outflow from the gas decompression jets. A control device (9) responds to the revs of the paddle wheel shaft exceding a given value, for operation of a safety valve (10) for closing the gas supply line upstream of the partition wall.    USE -   For incorporation in natural gas suply line for driving asynchronous motor and/or generator, e.g. for generating electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Localised ectraction of electrical energy from gas suply line with low installation costs.
The device includes an electrically activated display unit (22), voltage regulators (21) and a sun sensor which are arranged on a planar body. An array of photovoltaic cells are arranged on the planar body for generating power which is fed to the load.    The display unit displays the information that indicates the power generating effectiveness of photovoltaic module for its instantaneous orientation with respect to the sun position, based on the detection signal of the sun sensor.    USE -   For automobile.    ADVANTAGE -   Displays information that indicates power generating effectiveness of photovoltaic module, so that module position is adjusted with respect to sun position and maximum power is generated and fed to load.
The converter has a thermoelectric component (3) which converts a heat energy from a heat source (1) into an electrical energy, and outputs the converted electrical energy. A heat carrier circulation space(2), in which a heat carrier circulates, is formed between the heat source and the high temperature side (3a) of the thermoelectric component.    A temperature control mechanism (4) adjusts the flow of the heat carrier to control the temperature of the high temperature side of the thermoelectric component.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduction of conversion efficiency and damage of thermoelectric component are prevented even when temperature of heat source varies. Adjusts flow of heat carrier without using drive unit by providing flow regulation valve.
The module (50) has two solar battery element groups (30A,30B) arranged parallelly in a mosaic shape. A photoelectric converter is arranged, opposing the light receiving surface of the solar battery elements. The colour of light receiving surface of solar battery elements in one group, is different from that of elements in other group.    Specific 2D patterns are formed on the light receiving surface of the solar battery elements, based on its colour. The output of photoelectric converter is obtained, by establishing electrical connection with it. Due to the colour difference of light receiving surfaces of solar battery elements in each group, the view of specific patterns is enabled, visually.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves designing property of solar battery elements, remarkably.
The solar battery module (1A) consists of a support (12) having wave-shaped surface. On the support, several solar battery cells (81-84) of rectangular and equal size are embedded.    The light receiving surfaces which is perpendicular to the sun rays are connected in series. Many such series circuit (11A-11F) are connected in parallel.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases electric power conversion efficiency. Preserves design of panel. Reduces internal resistance of battery. Enhances beauty of the wall where it is mounted. Enhances easy attachment to roof.
The method involves forming several columnar structures extending from the first main surface towards the second main surface of a semiconductor crystal base material (1). A porous layer (4) is formed by anodization on the semiconductor crystal base material.    A part of the semiconductor base material containing the columnar structure is peeled (40) from the semiconductor crystal base material. An oxide film (12) is formed on a support substrate 0penetrating the columnar structure.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves photoelectric conversion efficiency to several 100micrometre.
The roof includes several roof panels (1-6), each which has respective elongated solar battery films (11). Solar battery cells are arranged in the extension direction of the panel. The solar battery cells are connected in series.    ADVANTAGE -   Enhances safety.
The apparatus has a supply source (4r) for supplying a bonding film (4) which has heat bonding property. A supply source (11r) supplies a water resistant film (11). The bonding film and the water resistant film are pressed together by a press roller pair (10). A heating source is provided in the press roller pair. The transfer speed of the bonding film drawn from the supply source is adjusted by a delivery roller (1) so as to synchronise it with the speed of press roller pair.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers stable and good quality lamination.
The thermoelectric element (1) has a substrate (2) with several projections (3). A p-type electrothermal thin film (4) and an n-type electrothermal thin film (5) are formed on the surface of projections. A junction portion is provided in the upper part of the projection in the substrate.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises operating velocity of electronic circuit. Reduces heat loss. Reduces heat conductivity.
The module includes a solar battery (3) on which a hemispherical shape condenser lens (2) is mounted. The lens has a rectangular base. The cross-sectional area (A1,A2,...An) of the lens reduces from the base to top portion.    The four corners formed at the base region of condenser lens is rounded-off to form arcs (C1,C2,...Cn). The lens condenses the incident light and transmits it to solar battery that generates electrical energy from light energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises condensing scale factor by rounding-off corners of condenser lens. Eases manufacturing of condenser lens by removing pointed corners, thereby reducing manufacturing cost.
The battery module includes a support (1) with a frame (41) on which a solar battery (2) is mounted. Several fasteners (31-34) provided on the periphery of the support through which other solar battery module are connected. A connection unit is inserted or removed from the fastener for connecting other solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables putting together modules to obtain required power supply without having to bend or force active part of battery.
The system converts an input voltage (11,12) into a second direct voltage and is applied to at least one electronic circuit (2). A thermoelectric device (3) converts the thermal energy generated during the operation of at least a first electronic device in the energy conversion system (4) and the circuit into a third direct voltage.    The third direct voltage is applied to the electronic circuit. The thermoelectric device comprises hot and cold surfaces separated by doped thermoelectric elements, electrically connected in series and thermally in parallel.    ADVANTAGE -   Increased global energy efficiency, reduced size and weight, reduced thermal stresses and energy consumption.
The satellite has at least one face (5) acting as a thermal radiator for on-board instruments and positioned in the solar radiation trajectory. It also has a solar generating panel (7) which constantly faces towards the sun and projects from the radiator face (5), and a screen (14) which is joined to the solar panel and interrupts the solar radiation moving towards the face (5).    The solar panel is mounted in the centre of the radiator face, and the screen (14) is connected to it by an arm (15) joined to the panel's supporting leg (10). The radiator face can be on the north- or south-facing surface of the satellite platform, and it has a coating with a high infrared emission level.    ADVANTAGE -   Improved heat radiation without having to mount solar panels eccentrically, which increases control difficulties.
The method involves varying the quantity of spray in a desuperheater (37-39) installed between an evaporator (24-26) and a superheater (30-32) of a waste heat recovery boiler (500-700). The boiler reclaims heat energy from a refuse incinerator. A number of boilers are connected in parallel to a common accumulator (10) which supplies steam to a prime mover (6) of a generator (13).    When the temperature of steam generated by a boiler is within a permissible limit, a target quantity is sprayed in the desuper heater. When the temperature of steam generated by any boiler exceeds the higher limit, the quantity of spray in the respective desuperheater is increased and vice-versa.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves thermal efficiency of plant by minimising sprays in desuperheater. Controls steam temperature stably by minimising allowance in temperature gradient of steam in multiple boiler unit.
The panel consists of two glass sheets (2a,2b) one on the outer side (2a) and the other on the inner side (2b). A solar battery module (8) is provided on the inner side glass sheet.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents peeling of solar battery module. Increases amount of electricity generated.
The anti-static film having a sheet resistance of 50-500/ every pore and a specific resistance of 2.510-4cm consists of a high polymer film (1), an organic layer A (2), a non- crystalline transparent anti-static layer (3), an organic layer B (4) and a thermoplastic resin layer. The thickness of non-crystal transparent anti-static layer is 200-1500 Angstrom.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides flexible antistatic film with superior transparency, gas barrier property, heat resisting property and adhesion property.
Solar power supply apparatus consists of a battery module in which the energy generated by solar cells is formed integrally with the solar cells and the energy accumulated in the battery module is supplied to a load connected to the battery module.    The residual amount of energy accumulated in the battery module is displayed on an energy residual amount indicator.
The solar battery module (1) includes a solar panel (2) that has a solar battery element on a substrate. A frame (3) covers the outer edge of the solar panel. The solar panel is supported at its backside by several ribs (6).    ADVANTAGE -   Maintains dynamic strength. Provides solar panel of better output characteristics. Reduces number of parts involved thereby offers light weight solar battery module low cost.
The method involves forming an aluminium electrode layer (13) over an insulated substrate (12) at temperature of 300-400degC. A silver electrode layer (14a) is formed over the aluminium electrode layer at a temperature of 350degC.    Another silver electrode layer (14b) is formed on the substrate at temperature of 200degC. A semiconductor layer (15) and a transparent electrode layer (16) are formed over the silver electrode layer at a temperature of 250 degC.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves bonding strength. Attains high reflecting rate and low resistance by performing film formation at low temperature. Attains high efficiency with increased reliability.
The apparatus has a photoelectric convertor (111) on which an n-type semiconductor layer (104), a thin crystalline photoelectric conversion layer (105) and a reverse conductivity type semiconductor layer (106) are sequentially laminated on a substrate (101) using plasma CVD technique. The n-type layer directly in contact with the photoelectric conversion layer includes 0.01% atom or more of conductivity type impurities.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains high quality and performance photoelectric conversion layer.
The apparatus has a pair of photoelectric conversion units (112,113) comprising several layers laminated sequentially on a substrate (101). The conversion unit includes first conductivity type layers (103,106), photoelectric conversion layers (104,107) and reverse conductivity type semiconductor layers (105,108) laminated sequentially using plasma CVD technique. The photoelectric conversion layer of silicon thin film contains a crystalline substance.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves stability, reliability and yield of apparatus. Attains high performance with improvement in optical confinement effect and hence expands utilisation range.
The method involves forming a p-type amorphous silicon calcium carbide layer (14). The proportion of number of silicon atoms to that of carbon atoms in the gaseous raw material is set to 0.1-0.3.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents deterioration of foundation layer.
The method involves smoothening corner surface (R) facing a die (D) through which punch (P1) is penetrated via a flexible insulation substrate (1a).    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces connection resistance in connection hole. Obtains favourable solar battery characteristics.
The radiator includes a first set of spaced lamella (28) which are formed of a first thermoelectric material. A second set of spaced lamella (50) are formed of a second thermoelectric material. The two sets are interleaved and electrically bonded where they meet.    A first electrical buss (40) connects the first set to the positive pole of the engine electrical system. A second electrical buss connects the second set to the negative pole of the engine electrical system. The passage of hot engine coolant over the junctions of the different lamella provides a current to the electrical system and extracts heat from the coolant.    USE -   For land vehicles and especially for military vehicles which require substantial quantities of electrical power to operate a wide variety of electrical devices necessary to steer, manoeuvre and fire weapons.    ADVANTAGE -   Converts some of the heat generated by the automobile's engine into useful direct current.
The apparatus consists of a thermoelectric conversion module (13) which has several thermoelement groups (13a). The module is provided in an exhaust gas conduit (11) which guides combustion gases and a cooling water jacket (12). A regulator regulates the amount of heat from combustion gas which is transferred to the module. Power generation detectors are connected to each thermoelement group individually. The detectors judge the amount of power generated in each thermoelement group.    A water temperature detector senses the temperature of the water circulating in the cooling water jacket. Based on the output of the power generation and the temperature detectors, the high temperature side of each thermoelement group is identified. A control unit operates the regulators at a fixed temperature, based on the heat resistant temperature of a thermoelement and the output respective power generation detector.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves reliability by preventing thermoelectric conversion module from exceeding heat resistant temperature. Improves efficiency.
The battery has an insulating film equipped with a photocatalyst which surrounds an opto-electric transducer.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents traffic accident by evoking caution according to road sign. Prevents reproduction of mold or bacteria.
The solar battery module (1) includes a heat sink (2) which is attached at the backside.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves efficiency of electricity generation by preventing temperature rise. Simplifies manufacturing processes involved since need for changing structure of solar battery module is eliminated.
The wrist watch has a spiral spring (1) made of shape memory alloy. One end of the spiral spring is fixed by the inner wall of a case (2) and the other end is fixed by a centre rotation core (3).    Power is generated based on the shape variation of the spring depending on temperature variation. A battery is charged based on the generated power.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates unnecessary exchange of battery. Simplifies power generation, by utilising heat energy generated from wearing person.
The turbine consists of a rotary shaft (14). A limiter (20) which consists of several vanes (18), is attached to the shaft.    Spindles (16) protrudes in the limiter towards the rotary shaft. The vanes perform alternate vertical rotation, so that the rotary shaft is rotated in a fixed direction by the up and down movement of fluid by the vane.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables high efficiency conversion. Provides simple structure.
The generator consists of wave power movement transmitter (14,27,28) connected to a piezoelectric element (11). The piezoelectric element is fixed between fixed roller (33a) and moving roller (33b).    The two rollers are arranged opposite to each other. The rollers are moved by wave power.    ADVANTAGE -   Acquires electric power efficiently and cheaply.
The module comprises several solar battery cells (1) which are separated by predetermined distance. A transparent front cover (3) is arranged over the light receiving side of the solar battery cells. A back cover (4) which has reflecting property, is arranged at the back side of the solar battery cells. The back cover reflects the incident light (5) falling on it through the gap existing between solar battery cells, towards the front cover.    The reflected light which reaches the solar battery cell are converted into electrical energy. The variation of the electrical output depends on the gap between solar battery cells. The gap is provided in such a way that the relation Ln(Sm(mm))=A*(Qm(%))+B is satisfied, where Ln is the Napierian-logarithm function, Sm is the cell gap, Qm is the electric output variation rate and A, B are constants.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves power generation efficiency. Utilises reflected light reliably. Optimises cell gap of solar battery cell.
The system has a solar battery module (1) connected to a connection box (2). A switching unit (6) switches the connection from a electricity generator (3) to a de-icing unit (4) when snow coverage is detected (5). The de-icing unit supplies power to the solar panel which generates heat and melts the ice.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates reduction in amount of power generation due to snow coverage. Saves labour involved in de-icing.
One or more solar battery cells are formed by depositing an opto-electric conversion layer, and electrodes on a substrate. At least connections between the solar battery cell(s) and wiring for externally delivering power are sandwiched by a weather-resistant resin film consisting of an ethylene tetrafluoride-ethylene copolymer through a sheet-like adhesive for sealing. Oxygen, and nitrogen are contained on the surface of the resin film.    USE -   The solar battery module is stuck and fixed to a translucent substrate made of glass, glass windowpane, flat-, or curved-wall, or sheet-like leisure goods.    ADVANTAGE -   The ethylene tetrafluoride-ethylene copolymer contg. the oxygen, and the nitrogen evolves an -OH gp., -COOH gp., NH3 gp. on its surface. The gps. enhance adhesive strength stability with respect to the sheet-like adhesive, including an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a good hydrophilic property. The hydrophilic property enhances cleaning by rain water. The solar battery module is easily stuck to the flat-, or curved wall or support and has superior durability.
The dial face (20) has a metallic thin film formed on the surface of a substrate for film formation (22) on which a solar battery (18) is mounted. The metallic thin film transmits a part of the incident light to the solar-battery side.    The metallic thin film includes two comparatively thin nickel film layers (24,28) and a comparatively thick silver film layer (26). The nickel film layers prevents the discolouring of the silver film layer. Preferably, an unevenness process is applied to the substrate surface beside the windshield.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves ease of design by eliminating restrictions of colour surface by solar battery.
The photothermal hybrid panel is formed by connecting a heat collection panel (3C) to the back side of a solar cell panel (2) in a heat transferrable manner. The heat connection panel (3C) is formed in a hollow box shape by a top plate portion (31) used as a heat exchanger plate for transferring solar heat to a heat exchanger fluid, a bottom plate portion (32) used as a base plate, side plate portions (33), partition ribs (34) arranged on the inside surface of the bottom plate portion (32) so as to form a passage (Fa) for the heat exchanger fluid in the panel and an inlet opening (35a) and an outlet opening (35b) for the heat exchanger fluid on the side plate portion (33).    USE -   The photothermal hybrid panel is suitable for converting sunlight to electric power.    ADVANTAGE -   The solar heat is transferred to the heat exchanger fluid uniformly through the whole back side of the solar cell panel.
The system makes use of an incinerator (11) whose operation time band is divided into several operation time sections, depending on power requirements. The amount of incineration in operation time section which has larger power requirement is set up. Based on set amount of incineration per unit time, the target incineration amount is attained in predetermined time period, without deviating from tolerance incineration value per unit time.    USE -   In power generation installation.    ADVANTAGE -   Generates electricity using excess heat of incinerator.
The apparatus has a vacuum housing (1001) in which a conductive strip-shaped member (1000) is arranged. High frequency power is applied through anode (1004) and cathode (1002) arranged inside the vacuum housing, to generate plasma. A predefined thin film is formed over the strip-shaped member using plasma. Several partitions (1003) are formed over the cathode such that total electrode area of cathode and anode contacting surface of plasma is larger than that of contact surface of strip-shaped member. The density of partition electrode varies continuously corresponding to the application direction of plasma gas.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises throughput by enhancing manufacture of thin film with sufficient external appearance. Prevents generation of defect.
The apparatus includes a steam turbine (5) to which vapour from production well is supplied via a main steam pipe (1), a main stop valve (3) and a vapour governor (4). A power generating plant rotates a generator (6) which is directly connected to the turbine to generate electricity. The adhesion of scale in main stop valve is prevented by generation of electricity.    The pressure of gas which is higher than the pressure of vapour is forcedly fed between a valve rod (18) and guide pieces. The gas is compressed into a main stop valve main body from the valve rod and the guide pieces.    USE -   For thermal power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents scale adherence on main stop valve. Reduces thermal stress of main stop valve.
The equipment includes a beam irradiation unit (2) which irradiates a substrate with a laser beam. The substrate is supported on a stage (3). The periphery of the substrate is supported by a support stand (4) at a predetermined height. The central portion of the substrate is supported at the same height. Several cross pieces (5), several intake and exhaust ports (6,7) are provided in the support stand and the cross pieces. An atmospheric pressure detecting sensor (11) detects the pressure in the intake and exhaust ports. Based on the detection result, an intake/exhaust pump (10) varies pressure in the ports using corresponding valves (8,9). A controller regulates vacuum suction exerted by the pump so that the substrate is positioned at the required height on the stage.    ADVANTAGE -   Maintains substrate at required height without curvature. Improves reliability of beam processing.