The reflector consists of a reflecting mesh which can reflect infra-red, visible, and ultra-violet light. The reflector is permeable to particles and can transmit light of a particular wavelength or in a particular range whilst reflecting light of a different wavelength or range. Reflecting material is deposited onto a mesh or sheet. The reflector is made by a weaving process, a photoresist process, or by vacuum deposition.    Preferably the reflecting surface contains or consists of Al, Ag,Au, Cu, Pd, Rh or Ir.    USE -   The reflector can also be used in solar ponds, thermoelectric generators and thermionic devices.    ADVANTAGE -   The reflector helps to prevent heat loss.
The connection system has a number of solar modules, containing separate solar cells, connected together to provide a solar module group with an increased current output, by connecting a limited number of cells or cell rows in series for operation under normal conditions, the remaining cells used for compensation of abnormal conditions, e.g. increased operating temperature, power losses, or electronic losses. The configuration of the solar cells may be switched between an abnormal operating conditions configuration and a normal operating conditions configuration with a lesser number of solar cells via a mechanical/electronic switching system.    USE -   For solar module voltage supply for domestic electrical circuit.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures maximum battery charging current.
NOVELTY - Battery retainer (51) molded to the front part of resin made rear wing (42), holds the rear and left and right sides of battery (48). Movement of battery (48) is regulated by battery guide (52) which is maintained at the battery retainer (51). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Terminal (64) of battery (48) is enclosed by cover (53) which is detachably provided to the battery guide (52). A frame structure (12) supports front part of rear wing (42).    USE -   For holding battery in motor cycle.    ADVANTAGE -   Moldability of rear wing is improved as rear wing shape is simplified. Number of parts is reduced as necessity of providing terminal cover is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows enlargement longitudinal cross-sectional diagram of battery holder. (12) Frame structure; (42) Rear wing; (48) Battery; (51) Battery retainer; (52) Battery guide; (53) Battery cover; (64) Terminal.
NOVELTY - Noise detector circuit (3) detects noise generated in power supply (4) of apparatus, mounted in vehicle, when plug (2) inserted in cigar lighter socket (1) receives power when engine is started. Control section (5) cuts off power to apparatus when signal from noise detector circuit is not available. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The noise detector circuit (3) comprises a capacitor connected between the cathode of diode and the earthing side. One end of capacitor is connected to plug side and the other end to diode.    USE -   For automatic cut-off of power to vehicle mounted apparatus e.g. TV, TV integrated VCR.    ADVANTAGE -   Since power to apparatus mounted in vehicle is cut-off when engine is stopped, power from battery is not consumed unnecessarily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of power supply interrupting device. (1) Cigar lighter socket; (2) Plug; (3) Noise detector circuit; (4) Power supply; (5) Control section.
NOVELTY - Insulating layer is formed on lower surface of polysilicon layer (6), above which a diffused layer is formed. A capacitor (C) arbitrarily formed in N-MOS and P-MOS transistor rows (3,4) is connected to the power supply ground terminals. When the current flowing in the power supply line becomes small, charging and discharging of capacitor occurs.    USE -   For reducing radiation noise in gate array or cell base LSI.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses electromagnetic radiation noise from power supply line reliably, since the voltage variation in power supply line becomes small. Since capacitor of large capacitance is formed in narrow area, cell size is not changed and electromagnetic radiation noise counter measure is performed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the layout diagram of gate array LSI. (3,4) N-MOS AND P-MOS transistor rows; (6) Polysilicon layer; (C) Capacitor.
NOVELTY - The openings (fo) of oxygen gas passages (f) are formed in opposite edges of each cell (C). The openings (so) of fuel gas passages (S) are formed in other two opposite edges of each cell. The cells are arranged adjacent to each other along thickness direction and electrically connected. The oxygen or fuel gas passages are vertically arranged adjacent to each other to cell arrangement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each cell has an electrolyte layer (1), an oxygen pole (2) and the fuel pole (3) in order. The oxygen gas passages are formed on oxygen pole side and fuel gas passages are formed on fuel pole side. The terminals are arranged at both ends of stacked cells.    USE -   For arranging fuel gas passage and oxygen passage in cell of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces size of battery by simplifying structure of fuel and oxygen passage. Reduces cost by reducing size of battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional view of fuel battery. (1) Electrolyte layer; (2) Oxygen pole; (3) Fuel pole; (f) Fuel gas passage; (fo,so) Opening; (S) Oxygen passage; (C) Cell.
NOVELTY - Feed pipe (40) supplies water to solid polymeric fuel battery (18) from main tank (20). The waste water remaining in fuel battery after generation of electrical energy, is passed to main tank through drain pipe (44) and coupling pipe (42). The water collected in main tank is then collected by sub tanks (16) through supplement pipe (52).    USE -   For fuel battery used for generating electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   As water in fuel battery is collected in main tank after generation of electrical energy, water is not allowed to freeze, thereby damage of battery due to freezing of water is prevented. As the collected water is recycled, economical operation of the fuel battery is performed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of water circulatory system of fuel battery. (16) Sub tanks; (18) Fuel battery; (20) Main tank; (40) Feed pipe; (44) Drain pipe; (52) Supplement pipe.
NOVELTY - The solenoid valves (122,50) are opened when outer atmospheric temperature is judged to be lesser than freezing point, after terminating operation of the fuel battery (110). A circulating pump (46) is operated to drain water piled up in the drainage pipe (44) to the tank (20). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The water is discharged out of the tank through the solenoid valve (50). Water in the circulating system of the fuel battery is discharged out through the tank.    USE -   For water freezing prevention in solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents damage of fuel battery by ejecting water according to weather condition after completing usage. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of water circulatory system. (18) Fuel battery module; (20) Tank; (40) Feed pipe; (44) Drainage pipe; (46) Circulating pump; (50,122) Solenoid valves.
NOVELTY - The hot gas and steam are mixed in a partial oxidation modifier (21) and supplied as anode gas to an anode of the fuel battery (20). The anode waste gas is supplied to heat insulation modifier (22) through the modification line (3). The modified anode waste gas is supplied to the vapor line (2) by ejector (28). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The compressed air is supplied to the cathode through the air line (4). The anode waste gas and cathode waste gas are burnt in the catalyzed combustion vessel (23) and the exhaust gas is supplied to the air line by the ejector (29). The anode waste gas and cathode waste gas are burnt with a combustor (24) and exhaust gas is supplied to a turbine compressor (25). The turbine is rotated by the combustion gas to drive the compressor. The compressed air is formed by the compressor and supplied to the air line.    USE -   For processing waste gas in molten carbonate fuel battery based power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces cost of power generator by avoiding use of expensive modifier and high temperature blower. Simplifies system composition by using cheap low temperature blower. Improves efficiency of power generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery based power generator. (2) Vapor line; (3) Modification line; (4) Air line; (20) Fuel battery; (21) Partial oxidation modifier; (22) Heat insulation modifier; (23) Combustion vessel; (24) Combustor; (25) Turbine compressor; (28,29) Ejectors.
NOVELTY - The porous layers absorb the mixed alkali carbonate containing electrolyte. The layers contacting the electrode adds coarse grain as reinforcing material. The layer of center section of electrolyte board adds fiber as reinforcing material. Electrolyte board (13) containing three or more laminated porous layers is arranged between the anode (11) and cathode (12).    USE -   For another carbonate type battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves contact property of electrode and electrolyte board. Reduces crack occurrence of electrolyte board and suppresses occurrence of gas crossover, thus provides battery having long life with stable property. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows enlarged perspective view of portion of battery. (11) Anode; (12) Cathode; (13) Electrolyte board.
NOVELTY - A metallic material is coated over the air introduction pipe of a solid electrolyte fuel battery cell (52). The material gets melted in abnormal heat caused by gas leakage and opening (60) of the air introduction pipe is blocked by molten material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The combustion chamber and a reaction chamber are formed in a container by a baffle plate. The fuel cells (52) are fixed in the insertion holes formed on the baffle plate so that the opening is arranged at the combustion chamber side. The air introduction pipes are arranged near the base of fuel cells to supply air. The hot gas supplied between the cells and air is made to react. The surplus hot gas is made to blow-off from the remainder holes and burnt with air in the combustion chamber.    USE -   For blocking air supply to fuel battery cell during gas leakage in solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables automatic blocking of air supply to cell in which gas leakage is detected. Stops power generation in cell in which gas leakage is detected. Prevents deterioration of power generation property by leakage of oxidation gas. Improves durability by extending operation time of fuel battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of fuel cell with air introduction pipe. (52) Solid electrolyte fuel battery cell; (60) Opening.
A solid macromolecular electrolyte-type fuel cell consists of: (a) a solid macromolecular electrolytic membrane having ion exchange capability; and (b) a positive electrode and a negative electrode placed by coming into contact with both the sides of the solid macromolecular electrolytic membrane, respectively. The surface of the solid macromolecular electrolytic membrane has water repellency owing to a crosslinking structure afforded by styrene and divinyl benzene.    ADVANTAGE -   The solid macromolecular electrolytic membrane has high moisture content and water repellency on its surface. The result yields the solid macromolecular electrolyte-type fuel cell having sufficient power generation though the fuel cell has low internal resistance without causing adverse effects on an electrode reaction.
A methanol electrode is connected to one surface of an ion exchange membrane which is a solid macromolecular electrolyte. An air electrode is connected to the other surface of the ion exchange membrane. The ion exchange membrane consists of a polymer formed by introducing an anionic exchange gp. into a polymer having a repeating unit of -X-Ar-Y-, where: X and Y = -O- or -S-; Ar = a gp. with formula (1), formula (2) or formula (3).    W = a single bond, -O-, -S-, or -CR6R7 (R6 and R7 = hydrogen atoms, or 1-6C alkyl gps.); R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 = 1-8C alkyl gps.; a = 0-3; b+c = 0-7; d+e = 0-5.    ADVANTAGE -   Methanol in the ion exchange membrane has reduced crossleak amt. The result provides the methanol fuel cell with enhanced output voltage. The ion exchange membrane has superior mechanical strength and heat resistance.
NOVELTY - The silicone resin metal composite consists of silicone resin layer formed on one side of thin metal plate (by injection molding) through thermoplastic resin film which has excellent heat resisting property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of silicone resin metal composite. The thermoplastic resin film is provided in the cavity of a metallic mold and silicone resin is injected into the metallic mold cavity. A silicone resin layer is formed on one side of the thermoplastic resin film which is attached to one side of a thin metal plate.    USE -   As cushioning material such as electric and electronic components, as packaging material, and especially as separator for fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Silicone resin metal composite can be manufactured efficiently and accurately.
NOVELTY - A working volume ratio of the positive active material and the negative active material obtained by the positive active material weight divided by the negative active material weight is 40%-90% of the theoretical working volume ratio.    USE - A lithium secondary battery for use for the drive motor of an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The battery has high safety as well as high energy density by controlling the working volume of an electrode active material, and the dispersion of the distribution of the working volume.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery comprises an internal electrode body contained in a battery case and includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator made of porous polymer. The positive and negative electrodes are wound or laminated so that they are not brought into direct contact with each other via the separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram is a perspective view showing the structure of a wound-type internal electrode body.    Internal electrode body (1)    Positive electrode (2)    Negative electrode (3)    Separator (4)    Lead line (5)
NOVELTY - The modular zinc-air cell (12) has a housing with two major outer surfaces (16) and two inner walls (18) defining a chamber (20) containing a zinc electrode (22), and two outer chambers (24) for receiving reaction air. Two air electrodes (30) are positioned one each side of the zinc electrode and are installed in a window like opening (32) provided in each inner wall (18). An electrolyte (34) is held in the first inner chamber (20) and contacts the zinc electrode (22) and the air electrodes (30)    USE - For electrically driven battery powered vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Reduces operating differentials between cells, reduces premature deterioration of cells due to overheating    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Exploded view of the cell    Cell (12)    Outer surfaces (16)    Inner walls (18)    Inner chamber (20)    Zinc electrode (22)    Outer chambers (24)    Air electrodes (30)    Window (32)    Electrolyte (34)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen-rich crude gas produced is fed to a membrane filter to remove the content of carbon dioxide, a large part of the carbon monoxide and other impurities and divided into a filter waste gas stream and pre-purified hydrogen gas stream. The pre-purified hydrogen gas stream is then subjected to catalytic oxidation of the remaining carbon monoxide and fed to the fuel cell.    USE - For the production of electrical energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Electrical energy is produced by: (a) producing a hydrogen-rich and amounts of raw gas containing carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide by catalytically converting liquid and/or gaseous fuels; (b) removing impurities from the raw gas to form a hydrogen gas stream suitable for a fuel cell; and (c) introducing the hydrogen gas stream into the anode chambers of a fuel cell. The hydrogen-rich crude gas produced is fed to a membrane filter to remove the content of carbon dioxide, a large part of the carbon monoxide and other impurities and divided into a filter waste gas stream and pre-purified hydrogen gas stream. The pre-purified hydrogen gas stream is then subjected to catalytic oxidation of the remaining carbon monoxide and fed to the fuel cell. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also claimed for an apparatus for carrying out the production of electrical energy comprising a device (1) for catalytically converting fuels into hydrogen-rich crude gas, a purifier for removing impurities from the crude gas, and a fuel cell (4) for producing electrical energy from the purified hydrogen-rich gas. The purifier is a membrane filter (2) with a catalytic oxidation device (3) connected to the anode chamber of the fuel cell (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the apparatus for carrying out electrical energy production.    catalytic conversion device (1)    membrane filter (2)    catalytic oxidation device (3)    fuel cell (4)
The fuel cell system is a water and air system. A controller is arranged between the output of the starter battery or fuel cell stack and the input of the motor. When a defined fuel cell stack output operating voltage is reached the starting voltage delivered by the starter battery is interrupted and the system changes over to the output operating voltage of the fuel cell stack.    The controller is a DC/DC controller and the electric motor is a DC motor. The motor operating voltage corresp. to the voltage of the starter battery and the controller regulates the output voltage of the fuel cell stack to the motor operating voltage.    USE -   For motor vehicles, e.g. short distance vehicles (factory, building site) and busses.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplified w.r.t. operation of compressor and reduces construction costs and required space.
NOVELTY - An anodic corrosion inhibiting agent is added to standard battery electrolyte solution which enhanced the solution and reduce corrosion and production of hydrogen gas. The new electrolyte solution comprises of anodic corrosion inhibitors, surfactants, sulfuric acid, and water.    USE - Lead-acid storage batteries having an enhanced electrolyte solution is used as a source of power to start internal combustion engines, electricity or generators.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced lead-acid storage batteries have a greater stability, thus, allowing the battery to remain idle for long periods of time without losing charge which improves the battery life. Production of hydrogen gas is reduced which will reduce the acid attack on the battery poles thus, reducing the chances of explosion under severe thermal conditions and corrosion at the battery poles is reduced. It is economical to manufacture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lead-acid storage battery with enhanced electrolyte consist of sulfuric acid, water, and a corrosion inhibiting solution. The inhibiting solution comprises of at least one of:    (A) triazine, thiourea, diethyl-thiourea, di-butyl thiourea, propargyl alcohol, 1-hexyn 3-ol, hexamethylene tetramine, keto amine, triphenyl sulfonium chloride, alkyl pyridine, hydrolyzed protein, organic iodine complexes, water soluble iodides, quart. ammonium salts, alkali or alkaline metal salts, hydrolyzable metal salts, or their mixtures;    (B) diphenyl sulfonate derivatives, polyvinylpyrrolidone or fatty acid ethoxylates.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of preparing a corrosion inhibited battery with reduced gassing effects.
NOVELTY - A motor system has an engine and an engine starter. The electrical system, powered by a battery, incorporates engine start and operate circuits. The battery (B) is recharged when the engine is operating. The battery also powers various electronic accessories (A), each of which can be isolated from the battery individually to reduce drain using a voltage responsive mechanism. The voltage applied from the battery is monitored to ensure that it still retains sufficient charge to start the engine.    USE - To isolate circuits in motor vehicle circuits to reduce current drain in vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces current drain on vehicle's battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The voltage responsive mechanism has a mechanism for monitoring the voltage applied by the battery to that accessory so as to detect when the voltage falls below a threshold value, and an isolation relay switch which is actuated in response to the detection of the low voltage. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a switch mechanism, and a method for reducing the current drain on a motor system battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic block diagram of the system.    Accessories (A)    Battery (B)    Wiring harness (H)
NOVELTY - A lithium battery has a positive electrode active material comprising a lithiated or super-lithiated manganese oxide produced by manganese oxide reduction in a solution of a heavy alkoxide of lithium.    USE - As a secondary lithium battery e.g. for mobile telephones, video cameras, computers and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The battery operates at up to an upper terminal voltage of 3.5 V and has a greater cycling lifetime (700-1000 cycles) and energy density (130 Wh/kg) than the secondary lithium batteries described in US 5506068.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lithium battery, operating at up to an upper terminal voltage of 3.5 V, has a positive electrode active material comprising, prior to any charge/discharge operation, a lithiated or super-lithiated manganese oxide of spinel structure produced by:    (a) preparation of a lithium alkoxide solution by dissolving metallic lithium in a corresponding alcohol derived from linear or branched at least3C alkanes;    (b) dispersion of a manganese oxide powder in the solution;    (c) controlled reduction of the oxide by the lithium alkoxide to obtain a lithiated or super-lithiated manganese oxide of defined Li:metal stoichiometry; and    (d) evaporation of residual alcohol, rinsing and drying of the resulting powder.    Preferred Features: The negative electrode is a composite electrode based on carbon or tin, a SnO2 electrode or a lithium or lithium alloy electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows x-ray diffraction diagrams for the initial compound and the product of the example.
NOVELTY - The activity of a carbon monoxide-selective oxidation catalyst is increased and the temperature range of catalyst activity is expanded by changing the catalyst mixture from platinum downstream, through intermediate mixtures to ruthenium at upstream end.    USE - For use in fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - Provides effective reduction of carbon monoxide concentration while maintaining the temperature of the hydrogen-rich fuel gas at the operating temperature of the fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon monoxide concentration-reducing apparatus, receiving a hydrogen-rich gas containing carbon monoxide, uses selective oxidation for the carbon monoxide and discharges a hydrogen-rich gas with reduced concentration of carbon monoxide, includes a carbon monoxide-selective oxidation catalyst that facilitates the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich gas. The catalyst includes a first catalyst metal with an active temperature range and a second catalyst metal of second active temperature range, the catalyst having an active temperature range intermediate of the two. The mixture ratio is set on the basis of a preset temperature of the catalyst.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for reducing carbon monoxide concentration in hydrogen-rich gas using the above apparatus and in which the catalyst mixture is determined on the basis of an operating temperature of the carbon monoxide concentration reducing portion.
The control system determines the stored power which can be tapped from the energy reservoir (1) and the power to be given out by the power source (2) from at least one charge limit, at least one discharge limit and a state of charge of the energy reservoir, a power source power limit and desired operating point, an instantaneous system output power and an optimisation criterion.    The one or more charging limits and discharge limits, the power limit and the desired operating point can be entered as parameters via a control system interface (5).    ADVANTAGE -   Can be universally used with number of hybrid systems.
NOVELTY - The cycle or scooter (1) is normally stored in the boot (11) of the car. The cycle's battery (2) is charged from the alternator supply via the distribution box (10) operating switch (7) fixed (6) and flexible (4) wires and a connector (5). The cycle is powered by an electric motor (3).    USE - Provides additional transport facility after parking car.    ADVANTAGE - Battery is kept topped up, therefore cycle has greater operating range    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the system.    Electrically driven cycle or scooter (1)    rechargeable battery (2)    electric motor (3)    connection wires (4)    connector (5)    fixed wire (6)    switch (7)    indicator lamp (8)    current supply wire (9)    distribution box (10)    boot (11)
NOVELTY - Ceria, lanthanum and calcium oxide in a catalyzed wash coating stabilizes the alumina component against recrystallization and inhibits carbon deposits on the wash coated surfaces.    USE - The fuel gas reformer assembly is used in fuel cell power plants to convert a fuel, i.e. natural gas into hydrogen, carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - Lanthanum oxide in the catalyzed wash coating stabilizes the alumina against recrystallization at high operating temperatures while the inclusion of ceria, lanthanum and calcium oxide provides longer operational life to the assembly by hindering carbon deposition in the flow passages.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrocarbon fuel gas steam reformer assembly comprises fuel gas passages for receiving a mixture of fuel gas and steam and burner gas passages for receiving burner gas steam. Both passages are disposed in a heat exchange relationship such that heat from burner passages is transferred to fuel gas passages. Both passages are also provided with lanthanum oxide and/or cerium oxide, and/or calcium oxide-stabilized alumina which stabilizes alumina against recrystallization at elevated temperatures and inhibits carbon deposition on walls of both passages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a portion of fuel gas steam reformer assembly.    Fuel steam reformer assembly (2)    Fuel gas passages (12)    Burner passages (14)    Catalyzed wash coat (28)
NOVELTY - An ionomer comprises of methylene or methine units and a pendant groups of ionic radicals and is formed by addition of solvents.    USE - The ionically conductive composition is useful in batteries, fuel cells, electrolytic cells, ion exchange membranes, sensors, electrochemical capacitors and modified electrodes.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides an ionically conductive composition of an ionomer. The films may be cast from solutions or dispersions of the precursor polymer by casting onto a substrate and coagulating. The ionomer formed has a conductivity of 10-7to10-6 S/cm when dry at room temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The pendant groups comprising ionic radicals of formula (I) -Rn-Rf-CF2CF2-SO2-X-(SO2Rf)a-M+    M+ = univalent metal cation;    Rf = perfluoroalkylene radicals (with O or Cl) or perfluoroaryl radicals;    R = hydrocarbyl;    n = 0 or 1;    a = 0-2;    X = O, N, or C    When X = 0, a = 0; X = N, a = 1; X = C, a = 2. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for forming an ionomer by contacting methylene or methine units with a pendant groups comprising ionic radicals of formula XSO2-CF2CF2-RfRn with a solution of an alkali metal base.    X = F or Cl
NOVELTY - The battery includes a battery container with a battery case and a battery cover. The battery case has a closed bottom wall and an opposite open end. The battery cover closes the open end. The battery container defines an enclosed volume and an un-enclosed volume. The battery container encloses the enclosed volume, and the un-enclosed volume is located on the opposite side of the battery container relative to the enclosed volume. Several battery cells are located within the enclosed volume.    USE - For use in e.g. vehicles (car, truck, boat, aircraft etc.) for starting-lighting-ignition (SLI) functions. Also for vehicle power.    ADVANTAGE - Allows rapid, reliable and efficient battery connections.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A connector (208,228) is electrically connected to the battery cells and also has a first end attached to the battery container. A second terminal end opposite the first end is located in the un-enclosed volume next to but spaced from the battery container. The second terminal end extends away from the first end toward the battery case bottom wall. The connector slidingly engages with the battery receptacle contact. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also given for a method of installing a battery within a battery receptacle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top plan view, partial cutaway view of the battery.    Connector (208,228)
NOVELTY - A piston (54) is movably mounted in a pressure vessel casing (52) and has a primary face (56) and an opposing series of secondary faces (60, 62), each having their own chamber (64, 66) in the casing. The chambers of the secondary faces include respective lines selectively connectable to a common system pressure line (72) and selectively placed in fluid communication with a reservoir (74).    USE - For storing energy and delivering the energy at multiple pressures. For use in hybrid power systems.    ADVANTAGE - The accumulator system allows for charging to and energy delivery from the accumulator at a wide variety of pressure levels, while occupying minimal space and requiring minimal material and installation costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The secondary face chambers have three states in which they are closed, in fluid communication with the reservoir or solely in fluid communication with the common system pressure line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic sectional elevation view of one embodiment of the accumulator.    Pressure vessel casing (52)    Piston (54)    Primary face of piston (56)    Secondary faces of piston (60, 62)    Chamber of secondary faces (64, 66)    Common system pressure line (72)    Reservoir (74)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical capacitor comprises an anode and cathode formed of a substrate with a porous coating of a non-stoichiometric metal oxide.    USE - With electric vehicles, power supply units etc.    ADVANTAGE - The electrodes have high capacitance and are lightweight, low cost and easy to make.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anode and cathode comprise a substrate with a porous coating of a non-stoichiometric metal oxide of surface area above 30 m2/g, porosity 10-80 %, mean grain size 2-100 nm and mean pore size 0.5-20 nm.    A preferred metal oxide is nickel oxide. The electrodes are preferably formed by a sol-gel process.
NOVELTY - A conductor is coupled to housing with inputs and is adapted to couple with transported device outlet coupled to battery. Another conductor is coupled to second input in housing and couples to transporting vehicle outlet connected to electrical system. Switch connected between circuits disconnects second conductor from circuit. A display indicates level of recharging of battery.    USE - For charging storage battery of boat, golf cart, wheel chair, farm equipment, welder, compressor, during towing.    ADVANTAGE - Charged condition is accurately determined as measurement is made by load resistor in the circuit. Utilization of electrical system of transporting vehicle reduces cost of battery charging system. Incorporation of indicator ensures connected state of the electrical system of the transported device while in transit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A connector attaches the coupling units (20,21) of the transporting vehicle and transported device for connecting their electrical system and battery (11), respectively. The electrical system comprises a voltage generator (10). The battery is charged and is operably connected to towed device. A voltage measuring circuit that measures charging level of the battery and the charging voltage of the system includes electrical load resistance provided with adjustable tap with one terminal connected to charging circuit and other terminal to grounded terminal of towing vehicle through a switch. A meter mechanism that indicates level of charging has its terminals connected to terminals of resistance tap through diode, where the tap provides indication proportional to voltage of the charging system. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for storage battery charging method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagrammatic view illustrating charging system connecting electrical system of towing vehicle with battery.    Voltage generator (10)    Battery (11)    Coupling units (20,21)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte system for a rechargeable electrochemical cell comprises a polymeric support structure for supporting an electrolyte active species dispersed in it, the electrolyte active species comprises an electrolyte salt dispersed in a solvent, where the solvent comprises poly(vinylidene fluoride) having a number average molecular wt of not greater than 50,000 atomic mass units.    USE - The electrolyte is used in a rechargeable cell for use in for cellular communication, satellite, portable computers and electric vehicle applications.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte system combines the properties of high ionic conductivity and excellent low temperature performance, all while using a nonvolatile solvent or plasticizer. The electrolyte should not compromise performance at higher temp, should be relatively cost effective and should be easy to produce.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electrochemical cell comprising:    (a) an anode;    (b) a cathode; and    (c) an electrolyte as described above.
NOVELTY - An electrolyte additive for lead acid batteries having antimony comprises natural oil, naphthenic oil, an ethylene-propylene copolymer; a zinc-free rust and oxidation inhibitor and an antifoaming ingredient.    USE - The additive is used in lead acid batteries with automobile, recreation vehicles and aircraft applications.    ADVANTAGE - Gassing, misting and water consumption is reduced which provides battery longevity through the use of a natural oil. The additive improves battery performance, reliability and performance in hot and cold weather. It reduces the needed maintenance of replacement water. The amount of corrosive substance in the battery is reduced, should spillage occur. Harmful vapors are not produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a method of preparing an electrolyte for lead acid batteries having antimony, comprising the steps of:    (i) inserting a sulfuric acid based electrolyte into a battery housing in a sufficient amount to cover the top of cell plates;    (ii) preparing an electrolyte by admixing the components as described above;    (iii) inserting an amount between 3 and 39 ounces of the electrolyte additive into the housing over the electrolyte, the amount dependent upon the type of battery; and    (b) inserting a topping amount of the electrolyte over the electrolyte additive to a level 1/8 inch beneath the bottom of the vent tube well of the housing.
NOVELTY - The partition material of polyelectrolyte or gel electrolyte wraps the negative electrode material or positive electrode material cylindrically.    USE -   Suitable for electronic machines, electric vehicle and power supply for electric power storage etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Internal resistance is low and is easy to use.
NOVELTY - Anode electric conduction material (5) contains graphite powder obtained from natural graphite and carbon-short fiber by chemical treatment. The amount of sulfur in anode active material is adjusted to 10-50 wt%.    USE -   In sodium sulfur battery for electric power storage, electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The charging and discharging resistance at the time of using expanded graphite powder is lowered and simplifies the manufacturing processes involved, thereby reduces cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of sodium-sulfur battery. (5) Anode electric conduction material.
NOVELTY - Connection terminals (5,6) are provided at the upper portion of plate in each cell (2). The cover (9) is formed enclosing the upper surface of the cells. A busbar (7) for connecting the terminals of the cells is integrally provided to the cover.    USE -   For battery used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   As the busbar for connecting the terminal for connection of each cell is integrally provided to cover, each busbar does not need to be assembled as separate component. Reduces number of parts, size and weight hence offers sufficient mounting property. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of battery. (2) Cell; (5,6) Connection terminals; (7) Busbar; (9) Cover.
NOVELTY - The power supply (1) includes the interconnection of a transducer for flash write-in (10), a transducer for ADC (20), a transducer for CPU (30), a transducer for CPU standby (40) and a chopper type 5V transducer (50). A battery (Ba) supplies 12 volts to each transducer for voltage conversion. The output voltages of different values and accuracy of the transducer are combined.    USE -   For automobile engine control system.    ADVANTAGE -   Attains size reduction of whole power supply due to size reduction of each transducer. Ensures simple output of accurate voltages. Enables supply of predetermined power to ECU with high efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic circuit diagram of a power supply. (1) Power supply; (10) Transducer for flash write-in; (20) Transducer for ADC; (30) Transducer for CPU; (40) Transducer for CPU standby; (50) Chopper type 5V transducer; (Ba) Battery.
NOVELTY - The panel (12), open at both airflow ends to cooling fluid flow therethrough, interposed between membrane electrode assembly (MEA) layers, comprises an open metal spring layer (34) of undulate configuration sandwiched between a pair of rigid planar graphite layers (32,36). The rigid layers carries on its outer surface, flow channels configured to provide a reactant gas flow field, a fuel gas flow field and oxidant gas flow field respectively.    USE - Suitable for use in mobile applications such as powering vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The multifunction panels serve as both the heat dissipating elements of the stack and springs to compensate for thermal and hydro expansion and age contraction of the fuel cells in the stack; Provides structural support for the adjacent porous electrodes layers and serves as current collectors to interconnect all fuel cells in the stack; Forms a distributed spring system that forces the 'floating' fuel cells and their reactant gas delivery plates into fixed positions, effectively eliminating the undesired motion of the fuel cells and their associated plates along the stack dimension; Thus making feasible the use of external manifolds for a high power PEM-type fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a PEM-type fuel cell stack    (2) a fuel cell stack assembly and    (3) the use of hydrogen as a fuel gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a schematic isometric view of the PEM-type fuel cell and a schematic front elevation view showing in greater detail the configuration of the multifunction stratum respectively.    Multifunction strata or panels (12)    Open metal spring layer (34)    Rigid planar graphite layers (32,36)
NOVELTY - Unit cells have electrodes consisting of a solid polymer electrolyte film between a pair of catalytic reaction layers. Gas tight electrically insulating layers are provided on the flanks or the insides of the laminated unit cells, giving a seal between electrode and electroconductive separator.    USE - Portable power sources for electric vehicles, household cogeneration systems, etc. operating at room temperature.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode can be made the same size as the separator, and no sealant is used between them, so the fuel cell can be made more compact and is less expensive and easier to manufacture on a mass production scale. Mechanical strength is increased, the structure simplified and gas sealing property improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel gas mixture containing hydrogen and an oxidant gas containing oxygen are fed to opposite sides of the electrodes.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of producing the fuel cell, by laminating unit cells via separators and mechanically fixing them together, forming a gas-tight seal and joining with gas manifolds.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross section of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    Separators (4)    Gas flow path (5)
NOVELTY - Provides aid for design using fuel-cells. Facilitates research on and study of fuel-cells.    USE - For teaching purposes on fuel-cell properties.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains characteristic with minimum number of components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The set-up uses a fuel-cell with its source of fuel, a range of resistors as load, and an ammeter and/or voltmeter to determine experimentally the power and the line characteristic of the cell. The voltage and current ranges to be measured require different values depending on the cell. Several (3 to 15) resistors are provided depending on the expected characteristic. A rotary switch is mounted on the board. The ammeter may be 0.5-5 A, the voltmeter 2-20V and the resistors 0.5-600 ohm.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram.    resistor (1)    fuel-cell (2)    current measuring apparatus (3)    connections for voltage measuring apparatus (4)
NOVELTY - The three thermo-resistance values Ri, Ro and Rm satisfy the relation Ri+Ro less than Rm less than 2(Ri+Ro), where `Rm' is the resistance value at maximum output of the module, `Ri' is the resistance value between a high temperature heat carrier and high temperature end face of the module, and `Ro' is the resistance value between a low temperature end face of the module and cooling medium. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high temperature heat carrying medium flows through an inner pipe (14) which is surrounded by an outer pipe (13) in an isolated manner. The module is placed between the inner and outer pipes and is adhered to the pipes via the cooling medium.    USE -   For exhaust heat electrical power generating device which uses gas exhausted from incinerator, internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases temperature gradient of both end faces of module, thus increasing electricity generation output. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of the thermoelectric conversion module. (13) Outer pipe; (14) Inner pipe.
NOVELTY - The exposed junction of metallic foil (1a) at the rear side of electrodes (1,2) and inner surface of outer cladding (4) are coated with mixture of homogeneous polymer electrolyte solvent included in polymer electrolyte layer or mixture of electrolyte solvent.    USE -   Used for polymer electrolyte battery used in portable equipment, electric vehicle and road leveling, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures favorable storage of battery by suppressing generation of blister and wrinkles, etc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows principal sectional view of polymer electrolyte battery. (1,2) Electrodes; (1a) Metallic foil; (4) Outer cladding.
NOVELTY - Full sealing of the unit cell or the unit cell lamination body is performed with the outer cladding object only after reducing the pressure inside the battery and removing the gas inside the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Unit cells consisting of polymer electrolyte layer (3) distributed in between positive and negative electrodes (1,2) and an outer cladding object (4) are laminated to form an unit cell lamination body.    USE -   For portable equipment, electric vehicle, and load levelling of electric power.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents swelling of battery during charge storage and provides battery which excels in load characteristic and charging and discharging cycle characteristic.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of the polymer electrolyte battery. (1, 2) Positive and negative electrodes; (3) Polymer electrolyte layer; (4) Cladding object.
NOVELTY - The lithium ion secondary battery consists of a Na group complex oxide anode (2), carbon cathode (3) and an anion permeable and cation impermeable separator (4) between anode and cathode. The anode side of separator in the casing (1) consists of Na group strong electrolyte (5a) and the cathode side of the separator in the casing consists of Li group strong electrolyte (5b).    USE -   Used for electric power storage device, electric vehicles, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The secondary battery of low cost is obtained without degrading environmental hygiene.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of lithium ion secondary battery. (1) Casing; (2) Anode; (3) Cathode; (4) Separator; (5a) Anode electrolyte; (5b) Cathode electrolyte.
NOVELTY - Certain kinds of transition metal sulfides are combined to form an alkali sulfur-sulfide molten metal which is used as an electrolyte.    USE -   Used as power source for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery can operate even at lower temperature.
A positive electrode consisting of a liq.-permeable porous carbon electrode is separated from a negative electrode by means of a diaphragm. A positive soln. and a negative soln. are flowed to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively for an oxidation-reduction reaction, charging and discharging a redox flow battery. The diaphragm has an ion exchange gp. layer formed by alternatively laying up at least one cationic exchange gp. layer and at least one anionic exchange gp. layer. The cationic exchange gp. layer is arranged on the positive electrode soln. side of the ion exchange gp. layer.    USE -   The redox flow battery is used in large powder-storage batteries, or electric cars.    ADVANTAGE -   The redox flow battery has high current efficiency and high power efficiency, and less soln. migration after 8-cycle charging and discharging, and superior charging and discharging cycle characteristics for a long period of time.
NOVELTY - Gas permeability of the separator (10) with manifold (11A) on one surface and lower manifold (11C) on another surface is tested, based on rate of flow two varieties of gases through the manifold (11C).    USE -   For testing gas permeability of separator of lamination type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Leakage of gas through any small through hole, can be detected with sufficient sensitivity. Damage of the separator during gas permeability testing, is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the inspection apparatus for evaluating the gas permeability of the separator. (10) Separator; (11A,11C) Manifold.
NOVELTY - The separator for low temperature fuel batteries consists of one or two kinds of compound particles (14) chosen out of SiC, B4C and TiO2 adhered on stainless steel base material (13).    USE -   Used for low temperature fuel batteries used for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Particles adhered on the base material increase the conductivity of the base material. The separator has strong anti-corrosion property in acidic atmosphere. The fuel battery has high electricity generating property and heat loss generated while laminating many cells is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows separator. (13) Stainless steel base material; (14) Compound particles.
An active material for the negative electrode of a secondary battery consists of a composite material of: (a) at least one metal selected from Ag, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Ti, Ce, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, and Bi, or alloy, or the particles of their mixt.; and (b) a carbon material. The particle has a mean particle dia. of 10 microns or less. Also claimed is that the active material is produced by burning an organic metallic cpd. contg. at least one metallic element selected from Ag, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Ti, Ce, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, and Bi.    USE -   The method produces the active material for the negative electrode for the sec. battery, including a sec. battery made of lithium, a non-aqueous sec. battery used in small, lightweight electrical devices and electric cars.    ADVANTAGE -   The negative electrode exerts high capacity compared with conventional coke-based electrode materials.
An active material for the negative electrode of a secondary battery contains carbon, sulphur, and at least one element selected from Ag, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Ti, Si, Ce, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, and Bi. Also claimed is that the active material is produced by burning an organic metallic cpd. contg. at least carbon, sulphur, and at least one element selected from Ag, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Ti, Si, Ce, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, and Bi.    USE -   The method produces the active material for the negative electrode for the sec. battery, including a sec. battery made of lithium, a nonaqueous sec. battery used in small, lightweight electrical devices and electric cars.    ADVANTAGE -   The negative electrode exerts high capacity compared with conventional coke-based electrode materials.
NOVELTY - Power supply side terminal (22) of power supply interruption relay (20) is fixed to anode side of storage battery (1) through electric pole (2). The battery is covered by a protection cover (10). A cradle (24) is provided on the undersurface of load side terminal (23) for fixing relay cable (41). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Power supply interruption relay (20) is attached with protection cover (10) by locators (12a,12b) and slides (21a,21b).    USE -   For mounting power supply interruption relay to storage battery in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Damage of attachment unit is prevented as cradle is provided on the undersurface of load side terminal. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows disassembling isometric view of mounting structure of power supply interruption relay. (1) Storage battery; (2) Electric pole; (10) Protection cover; (12a,12b) Locators; (20) Power supply interruption relay; (21a,21b) Slides; (22) Power supply side terminal; (24) Cradle; (41) Relay cable.
NOVELTY - The support body of a polymer electrolyte layer (3) includes a polyolefin sheet of thickness 25-40 m, having microporosity of 60-80%. The mean pore size of sheet is more than 0.5 m.    USE -   In polymer electrolyte battery used for portable equipment, electric vehicle, load leveling, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents generation of short circuit and provides excellent load characteristics. Has high energy density. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the polymer electrolyte battery. (3) Polymer electrolyte layer.
NOVELTY - A gasket (14) that seals battery cover (13) has a portion (14a) that contacts a fitting (9) that fixes the electrode element (7). Another portion (14b) of the gasket contacts the top of collector (10) and fixes it. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrode element fixing method.    USE -   For batteries used in electrically driven bicycles.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents disconnection of collector leads, as vibrations of electrode elements are suppressed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the battery. (7) Electrode element; (9) Fitting; (10) Collector; (13) Battery cover; (14) Gasket; (14a,14b) Gasket portions.
NOVELTY - A rib (4) is formed along the inner wall of a partition (2) in the case. Using an end mill (7), edge of the rib is cut so that the height of the rib facing a plate, from the inner wall is maintained at specific dimension.    USE -   For manufacture of lead storage battery used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   As same mold is used for different sized battery case, thereby reducing manufacturing time. Enables forming narrow cell chamber according to requirement by moving rotating end mill, axially. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains state at middle of cutting rib with end mill. (2) Partition; (4) Rib; (7) End mill.
NOVELTY - The arrangement includes a unit (5) for determining the output of the energy balance of the solar generator (2), relative to the engine generator (1). A second unit (10) is controlled by the determination unit (5), for reducing the generator output corresponding to the solar current supply, so long as the output or power used in the vehicle electric circuit, is greater than that delivered from the solar generator. A third unit (11) also controlled by the determination unit is provided for separating the generator from the engine (13), if the output or power used in the electric circuit of the vehicle, is equal to or smaller than the power delivered from the solar generator.    USE - Motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Contribution of current supply by the solar generator is optimally used and fuel consumption due to loading of the engine driven generator is minimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the engine and vehicle electric circuit.    Engine driven generator (1)    Solar generator (2)    Determination unit (5)    Generator output reduction unit (10)    Unit for isolating engine driven generator from electric circuit (11)    Engine (13)
NOVELTY - The lithium battery includes a battery case, and an internal electrode body that includes positive (2) and negative (3) electrodes with a separator (4) made of porous polymer. The two electrodes are wound or laminated so that the electrodes are not brought into contact with each other via the separator. The positive electrode uses aluminum foil as the base material, and the negative electrode uses copper foil. Current collecting tabs (5) are connected to the electrodes (2,3) and also to the battery terminals (11)    USE - Motor drive for electric vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Maintains good charge/discharge characteristics when subjected to a high output cycle operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Diagram showing construction of battery    Positive electrode (2)    Negative electrode (3)    Separator (4)    Current tabs (5)    Battery terminals (11)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (1) has a degasifying device (4) for the fuel which is passed to the cell. The cell has an ultrasound source (5) as a part of the degasifying device. The procedure for operating a fuel cell has the following steps: (a) gas found in the liquid fuel is dissolved away, (b) the liquid gas with the dissolved gas is passed to a container, (c) the passage of the liquid fuel with dissolved gas to the container takes place below the level of the liquid found in the container, (d) the fuel passed into the container is passed on from it to the fuel cell.    USE -   None given    ADVANTAGE -   Efficient fuel cell operation.
NOVELTY - A battery casing with an improved electrolyte flow path includes a cover chamber for each cell opening in the top of the battery casing, formed of a rectangular wall surrounding a cylindrical wall having a small gap.    USE - Especially with a lead acid battery.    ADVANTAGE - An improved electrolyte flow path is provided when the battery is tilted onto any of its sides.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flow path comprises a cover chamber for each cell opening in the top of the casing, comprising: a rectangular wall around the opening and a cylindrical wall concentric with the cell opening formed within the rectangular wall. The cylindrical wall is interrupted by a small circumferential gap and a wall extends between the cylindrical and rectangular wall tangential to the cylindrical wall and adjacent to the gap.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the battery cover of the invention with a vent manifold cover removed    Battery cover (14)    Vent manifold cover (20)    Cell openings (22)    Rectangular walls (28, 30, 32)    Cylindrical walls (24)    Circumferential gap (26)
NOVELTY - The heat energy at an exhaust manifold (2) and a catalyst (3) is converted into electricity by thermoelements (4,5) and a capacitor (6) is charged. The temperature of an engine room is detected by a sensor (9) continuously. As the temperature crosses a set value the electricity charged in the capacitor is reversed and the exhaust manifold is cooled by thermoelement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature of the catalyst inlet port is monitored by a sensor. As the temperature is found to be less than the set value, the electricity charged in the capacitor is reversed by the thermoelement which converts into heat energy thereby heating the catalyst.    USE -   To cool an exhaust tube of internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE -   Saves electrical energy as the heat of exhaust is converted by charging the capacitor for reversing to cool the rear of the exhaust manifold or heat the catalyst when required. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the engine room schematic diagram equipped with the exhaust tube cooling system. (2) Exhaust manifold; (3) Catalyst; (4,5) Thermoelements; (6) Capacitor; (9) Temperature sensor.
NOVELTY - The low voltage load (7) is supplied by the main battery (1) during the voltage supply period to the catalytic converter heater (9). When abnormality is detected in main battery, the low voltage load is supplied by the supplement battery (2) by ON-OFF switch (5).    USE -   For low voltage load of catalytic converter heater in vehicular internal combustion engine exhaust.    ADVANTAGE -   By providing the supplement battery a low voltage load can be operated during the voltage application period of energizing heater, even when the main battery is abnormal. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the power supply control apparatus of IC engine. (1,2) Batteries; (5) ON-OFF switch; (7) Low voltage load; (9) Heater.
NOVELTY - The original heating gas with high H2concentration is modified by modification catalyst (5) of the modifier (1). The high CO containing reformed gas undergoes transformation reaction at high temperature to low CO containing gas by the CO transformation catalyst (14) of the CO transformer (11) filled in the reformed gas outlet pipe (13).    The CO transformation catalyst is preferably an iron-group catalyst.    USE -   The gas improver of a fuel battery electrical power generating device is used for modifying gas containing hydrocarbon.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces the CO concentration. A compact and low cost gas improver is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a block diagram of the composition of the gas improver of the fuel battery electrical power generating device. (1) Modifier; (5) Modification catalyst; (11) CO transformer; (13) Gas outlet pipe; (14) CO transformation catalyst.
NOVELTY - A series circuit of a vehicle mounted switch (11) and a warning lamp (10) is connected to the battery. The node of the switch and the lamp is connected in series with the booster power supply and base terminal of a switching transistor (16) through respective anti-suckback diodes (13,14) and current limitation resistors (12,15). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A stabilized power supply (+V0) stabilizes the output voltage of a vehicle-mounted battery supplied through an ignition switch. A booster power supply performs booster output of the output voltage of the battery. A microcomputer (8) judges collision, based on acceleration signal from a sensor and outputs a trigger signal. A switch circuit supplies ignition current from the booster power supply to a squib, when switching ON based on the trigger signal from the microcomputer. The emitter terminal of switching transistor (16) is connected to the output of a stabilized power supply (+V0). The base terminal of the transistor is connected to the output of the stabilized power supply through a primary bias resistor (17). The collector terminal of the transistor is grounded through a secondary bias resistor (18) and is connected to microcomputer (8).    USE -   For vehicle mounted electronic device to control passenger protective apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces power capacity of current limitation resistor, hence reduces size and cost of current. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit explanatory block drawing of switch interface circuit. (8) Micro computer; (10) Warning lamp; (11) Vehicle-mounted switch; (12,15) Current limitation resistors; (13,14) Anti-suckback diodes; (16) Switching transistor; (17,18) Bias resistors.
NOVELTY - A sealant (50) between an electrolyte plate (44) and oxidizing agent plate (28) and between plate (44) and fuel plate (24), is made of ceramic fiber which does not soften under operating temperature of battery. Sealant (52) between gas propagation plate (46) and oxidizing agent plate and between gas propagation plate and fuel plate, comprises material that soften at operating temperature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid electrolyte board (12) has a cathode (16) and an anode (14) at its either sides. A fuel chamber (22) is formed by the fuel plate (24) for fuel gas propagation. The oxidizing plate forms an oxidizing agent chamber (26) which propagates oxidizing agent gas. A pair of gas passage ways (32,34) are formed by the plates (20,24,28).    USE -   For solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the sealant provided between the electrolyte plate and the oxidizing agent plate comprises material which does not soften under operating temperature, crack generation in the electrolyte plate can be eliminated effectively. Leakage of gas to the gas propagation plate is prevented by the softening sealant. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solid electrolyte fuel battery. (12) Solid electrolyte board; (14) Anode; (16) Cathode; (20) Cell plate; (22) Fuel chamber; (24) Fuel plate; (26) Oxidizing agent chamber; (28) Oxidizing agent plate; (32,34)Gas passage ways; (44) Electrolyte plate; (46) Gas propagation plate; (50,52) Sealants.
The circuit arrangement includes a first circuit of several integrators (INl, IN2) connected in series, and a second series circuit of the same amount of further integrators (IN3, IN4). Each integrator of a series circuit receives as input signal a sum of its output signal led back over a first feedback branch, the output signal of the corresponding integrator of the other series circuit, led back over a second feedback branch, and a third signal.    The third signal for the first integrator of a series circuit corresponds to the output signal of the last integrator of the respectively other series circuit, and for the remaining integrators to the output signal of the preceding integrator of the same series circuit. Phase-shifted output signals are thereby produced at the outputs of the individual integrators of the first and second series circuit.    USE -   Especially for smart-power IC in DMOS implementation.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides improved circuit arrangement which reduces power consumption.
A reference voltage circuit based on a bipolar transistor circuit (T1,T2a,T2b) for supplying a reference voltage (Uref) derived from a summed voltage of first and second voltages, also includes adjustment or compensation devices (Z1-Z3,M1-M10) for adjusting the reference voltage (Uref).    The adjustment/compensation devices (Z1-Z3,M1-M10) are arranged and designed so that they adjust the collector current (IC1,IC2a) of at least one bipolar transistor (T1,T2a) in the bipolar transistor circuit during activation of the pn-junctions of the transistors (T1,T2a) by forward voltages.    USE -   Integrated circuits.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables supplied reference voltage to be adjusted or set within given limits.
NOVELTY - The secondary battery comprises a terminal having a disk (20a,21a) and a stud (20b,21b) projecting axially from the disk. The disk has an off-center hole (25). The stud has an externally threaded surface and an internally threaded central hole. A cap (1) is fastened between the disk and a nut (7) which is threaded over the externally threaded surface. A bolt (19) is threaded into the internally threaded central hole in order to place a conductor between a head of the bolt and an end of the stud. A stopper pin (41) has an end portion fixed to the cap and an opposite end portion fitted in the off-center hole in the disk. An insulating collar (22) is fitted over the opposite end portion of the stopper pin for electrically insulating the cap from the disk. The battery also includes a spirally coiled electrode assembly (35) having positive and negative electrodes (13,14), each including a web-like collector. A number of leads (11) extends from opposite sides of the web-like collectors in directions perpendicular to a direction in which the electrodes are wound.    USE - As a power supply for an electric vehicle or the like.    ADVANTAGE - Battery has small internal resistance and leads prevented from being broken. The battery also has means which quickly guide a gas generated in the battery to a gas release valve inlet.
NOVELTY - A device to protect an electrical energy store, especially a battery of a car, against temperature influences has a protective hood over the energy store. The material of the hood contains foam stuff. The protective hood (2) has cut- outs over the connecting poles of the energy store. The cut- outs are designed so that the hood is secured against lifting by electric cables at the poles. On a side well of the hood, a recess (20) is provided for accommodating a data carrier, preferably designed as a shield, especially for the type coding of the battery store.    USE - None given    ADVANTAGE - Longer battery life, protetction against the cold and against heat from teh engine.
NOVELTY - A restraint unit has a central controller (ZS) connected to several data processors (DV1,DV2) via a bus line (BL) for triggering one or more restraint devices (RH1, ... RHk). This allows a restraint to function if the current supply fails, since the central controller switches to a vehicle's battery voltage (UBA) and all data processors adjust their circuits to the level of the new voltage supply.    USE - In vehicles as equipment for airbags, kneebags, etc. for drivers and passengers. For improving the protection of passengers in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - If any defect occurs in the real current supply in the main control unit, then the vehicle's battery cuts in as a new voltage supply. This change in voltage supply is then signaled to all data processing units by the central control unit. These measures ensure that all restraints in a vehicle can still be kept safe even during a failure in the current supply expressly intended for the restraint unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a logic diagram of a restraint unit.    Central controller (ZS)    Data processors (DV1,DV2)    Bus line (BL)    Restraint devices (RH1, ... RHk)    Vehicle's battery voltage (UBA)
NOVELTY - A circuit arrangement for electrical energy supply of a network (105) which has a fuel cell (1) plus an accumulator arrangement (8) has, during the start process, electrical energy delivered from the accumulator arrangement. The electrical energy is fed during the start process from the accumulator arrangement via at least one DC/DC converter into the network. During the operation of the fuel cell (operation at normal rating), the DC/DC converter is connected so that the accumulator arrangement is supplied with electrical energy from the network. The DC/DC converter automatically discriminates the operation at normal rating from start operation and changes over accordingly.    USE - For supplying electrical energy to a network.    ADVANTAGE - simplified starting process of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Separator for fuel cells includes a non-carbon resin whose volume resistance in the direction of thickness is up to 15 Ohm cm, and bending strength is 3-20kgf/mm2.    USE - Used as a separator for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The separator has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength and dimensional precision of grooves and it can be produced by molding.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) the manufacture of the separator by combining a synthetic resin formed body and an electroconductive material; and    (B) a fuel cell using the separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 is an outline cross-section drawing showing one example of a separator for a fuel cell.    Resin Molding (1)    Electroconductive Insert Pin (2)    Electroconductive Metal Foil (3)
NOVELTY - The evolution of battery voltage is monitored to determine if the battery is at or approaching an equilibrium condition. The evolution of battery voltage is extrapolated to form an estimate of the equilibrium voltage. The charge stored in each storage region (T1-T3) is estimated based on specific coefficients and equilibrium voltage.    USE - For lead acid battery used in air-conditioners, radios, mobile telephones in automobiles. In battery driven vehicles such as electric cars, milk floats, wheelchairs, boats.    ADVANTAGE - The method employs hysteresis correction and charge acceptance correction, thus enabling estimation of charge state of battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The charge transfer between adjacent charge storage regions in a battery is nonlinear function of the difference in the charge stored or potential between the regions. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the battery charging state estimating apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure show the schematic view of lead acid battery.    Storage regions (T1-T3)
NOVELTY - Battery capacity during transfer from high current charging mode to low current charging mode is computed beforehand. During changeover to low current charging, charging capacity at that time is replaced by computed value and sum of computed capacity and power integration value after switching is taken as battery capacity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Power integration value is computed from the voltage current curve of the battery.    USE -   For secondary battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Corrections in computed charging capacity is done during early stages of charging and hence charging completion time is known quickly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram of the battery charger.
NOVELTY - Temperature sensors (11,12) are provided at the drain separator and battery (8) inlet side to measure the additive gas temperature. When the additive gas temperature exceeds a predetermined limit, the on-off valve (10) provided in the gas supply line interrupts the reform gas flow. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The additive gas from fuel modifier (1) is passed through a heat exchanger (5) and drain separator to remove drain water and surplus water vapor from the additive gas.    USE -   For fuel battery used in electrical power generating system.    ADVANTAGE -   Removes drain water and water vapor from additive gas, thus damage of battery by submergence and danger of output characteristics reduction are avoided and battery protection is enhanced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of additive gas supply control valve. (1) Fuel modifier; (5) Heat exchanger; (10) On-off valve; (8) Battery; (11,12) Temperature sensors.
A solid macromolecular electrolyte type fuel cell has a solid macromolecular electrolytic film having ion exchange capability, and a positive electrode and a negative electrode placed on both the sides of the film by coming into contact with the film. The surface of the solid macromolecular electrolytic film has water repellency.    ADVANTAGE -   The solid macromolecular electrolyte type fuel cell has high moisture content. The use of the water repellent macromolecular electrolytic film caused no adverse effect on an electrode reaction and exerts sufficient power generation capability though the fuel cell has low internal resistance.
NOVELTY - The cathode of nickel hydrogen battery contains fluoride processed material of nickel which is chosen from one kind of AB2 type, AB type, BCC type, AB5 type nickel containing hydrogen absorbing alloy.    USE -   In nickel hydrogen battery for electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle and compact apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   The fluoride processed material by addition of durability of battery is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure depicts perspective diagram of nickel hydrogen battery.
NOVELTY - The method involves initially etching the collector surface (2) in a reduced pressure atmosphere by plasma etching etc. A conductive film layer (3) containing at least one kind of carbon, platinum etc is then formed on the etched surface. Finally the electrode layer (4) is formed on the conductive film layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: electrode formation device; electrode structure    USE -   In electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The provision of conductive film layer between the etched collector surface and electrode layer improves the conductivity between collector and electrode, and the battery using this electrode attains high energy densification.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is schematic sectional diagram of electrode. (2) Collector surface; (3) Conductive film layer; (4) Electrode layer.
NOVELTY - The low melting alloy (4) performs welding of protrusions (2) to the strap (3), such that fibrous structure (1) of protrusions extends along its length direction. The composition of alloy differs for protrusions and strap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for lead storage battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For lead storage battery for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces corrosion resistance of welding portion by avoiding inter granular corrosion. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the group welding region in battery. (1) Fibrous structure; (2) Protrusions; (3) Strap; (4) Low melting alloy.
NOVELTY - The unit has a fuel cell (1), an energy store (2), e.g. a battery, an electric drive motor (3), electrical auxiliaries (4) and two supply circuits (5a,5b). By controlling switches (S6,S11,S12) at full load the battery can supply the auxiliaries, making the full output of the cell available for the motor or it can be supplied by cell and battery in parallel. During braking the battery can be charged with the cell driving the motor.    USE - Alternative source of power for cars.    ADVANTAGE - Improved mileage. Using two supply circuits the motor can be driven by the power source with the greater output. The battery can be recharged even under low braking conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block schematic diagram of the propulsion unit.    fuel cell (1)    battery (2)    motor (3)    electrical auxiliaries (4)    supply circuits (5a,5b)    switches (S6,S11,S12)
NOVELTY - The system includes an electrically operated valve system and redundant parallel valve interconnecting a canister (14) containing fire suppressant foam and a U-shaped spray manifold (50) around the perimeter of the engine having a number of discharge orifices. A heat/flame sensor (22) such as a thermally triggered switch and a smoke sensor (24) are used to trigger the valve system.    USE - For extinguishing fires under the bonnet of a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Simple and efficient engine fire suppression system that provides an adequate area of coverage surrounding an engine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A backup 12V battery (40), maintained at full charge the vehicle's alternator is used to power the system in the event the main vehicle battery is removed. An audible or visual alarm is initiated for several seconds prior to discharging the canister contents and during the discharge of the contents to alert vehicle passengers that the canister contents will be or are being discharged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic illustrating operation of the engine fire suppression system.    electronic detection assembly (20)    heat/flame sensor (22)    smoke detector (24)    backup battery (40)    manifold (50)    spray heads (54)
NOVELTY - Each of the electric heater (40) is in thermal communication with one of the vehicle batteries (30). One group (30A) of electric heaters receives electric power at series voltage of the connected vehicle batteries while the other group (30B) receives power from output of voltage down converter connected across the battery.    USE - For motor vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids excess of high-voltage connections and excessive drain on low-voltage portion of electric vehicle's electrical system. Provides uniform heating without need for air- circulation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a placement of electric heater and batteries into battery carrier and heater element.    Vehicle batteries (30)    Groups (30A,30B)    Heater (40)
NOVELTY - Electrolyte consists of a polymer having a sulfate group represented by a general formula (R1 -X)n where `R1' includes 1-20 hetero atoms such as N, O, P, S, F, Cl, Br, I, etc, and `X' is an organic residue containing N, O, S, and `n' is an integer more than or equal to 2. The polymer belongs to methylene, ethylene or propylene group.    USE -   For secondary battery or fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Exhibits high ionic conductivity, high proton conductivity and maintains stable conductivity over large temperature range and prolonged usage due to composition of electrolyte.
An electrical system in which an electrical unit (1) is fed    via a converter (2) from a fuel cell (3). The converter (2)    includes a back-up capacitor (4), potential terminals (5,6) and switching terminals (7-9). The fuel cell (3) is connected via the potential terminals (5,6), and the electrical unit (1) via the switching terminals (7-9), to the converter (2) which includes switching valves (10-15) built from IGBT or GTO-thyristors connected in parallel with free-wheeling diodes (16-21).    A battery (25) is switchable to one of the potential terminals (5,6) and to one of the switching terminals (8,9), via an winding inductance (22,3;22,4) and a switch (26), e.g. a thyristor type relay, so that to start the fuel cell (3) via a compressor, the converter (2) can be operated as a high-side switch fed from the battery (25). The electrical unit is specifically designed as an electric motor with at least one motor winding (22-4), the electric motor more specifically being a three-phase-asynchronous motor.    USE -   For an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Fuel cell can be started with least possible additional units being required, e.g. starter motor.
NOVELTY - The bypass module (22) comprises a sensor (34,40) for detecting an operating condition of a battery cell (24) such as voltage or temperature, and a controller (46) connected across the battery cell (24) of a lithium ion battery (26) and having conductive and non- conductive modes. The controller (46) changes the conductive mode when an operating condition of the battery cell exceeds a predetermined value, and shunts current around the faulty cell. The sensor (34,40) may be a thermistor for measuring cell temperature or a voltage comparator (40) for measuring cell voltage.    USE - For use with lithium ion batteries in space and automotive applications.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved battery cell management.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic diagram of the electrical circuit for a bypass module.    Bypass module (22)    Lithium ion cells (24)    Lithium ion battery (26)    Sensor (34,40)    Controller (46)
NOVELTY - The starting sequence of a motor vehicle is carried out in four phases at the Engine ignition switch (I, IIa, IIb and phase III). Following the starting of the engine, a separate power supply is connected to the servo steering motor. This separate power supply is independent of the generator and in the event of an emergency it can supply sufficient power for maintaining the steering operation.    USE - Motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents failure of steering aid e.g. servo motor. The safety standard of vehicle is essentially increased and contribution is made for preventing accidents.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - No drawings supplied
NOVELTY - The cell comprises a sealed prismatic housing with one convex arc side surface and containing an electrode stack of intercalated active materials which deforms to follow the convex arc to maintain contact pressure between the electrode sheets. The electrodes are separated by a porous sheet, the first electrode being coated with a lithiated metal oxide and the second coated with an active material containing carbon.    USE - E.g. for car batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Cell enables the required pressure to be maintained between adjacent electrode sheets and prevents excessive outward bowing of the housing broad sides.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the prismatic cell.    shoulder (22)    arc (26)    bosses (28)    arc (20)
NOVELTY - A shell (12) and snap fit lid (18) surround a car battery and have an inlet and outlet duct. The inlet duct includes a low current low noise fan (28) which operates when high temperature is sensed.    USE - For cooling under bonnet car batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Cooling air is provided whenever required no just when vehicle is in motion thus prolonging battery life.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Rear elevation of battery shell.    Shell (12)    lid (18)    cooling fan. (28)
NOVELTY - Fluid flow channel is provided in fluid flow plate (400) divided into multiple coplanar fluid flow sub-plates (420). Each fluid flow sub-plate is electrically isolated from other fluid flow sub-plates. The fluid flow channel enables flow of fluid in between the sub-plates.    USE - For stacked fluid flow plates.    ADVANTAGE - Operates at relatively low temperature, thereby requiring less warm up time. Enables usage of non-conductive and conductive adhesives within fuel cell assembly as substitutes for gaskets, thereby reducing clamping force applied between end plates of fuel cell assembly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fluid flow plate is made from non-conductive material embedded with multiple conductive members. The fluid flow channel is provided partially within non- conductive material and partially within conductive material. The plate assembly comprises PEM fuel cell within fluid manifold intersected by fluid flow channel. The manifold comprises an air inlet, an outlet, a coolant inlet, coolant outlet, hydrogen inlet and outlet. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a membrane electrode assembly for PEM fuel cell stack;    (b) a PEM fuel cell stack    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded top view of fuel cell assembly.    Fluid flow plate (400)    Sub-plate (420)
NOVELTY - The composite electrode contains solid polymer electrolyte and catalyst particle (3). The pore (4) provided in the inner surface of the electrode carries electronically conducting substance.    USE -   For water electrolyzer having electrical supply object and fuel battery having collector with gas diffusion layer contacted to the electrode surface (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The composite electrode has low resistance and large electronic conductivity. The electrolytic voltage in the water electrolyzer is reduced and energy efficiency is improved. The operating voltage of fuel battery is reduced and output electricity is improved. The safety of water electrolyzer and fuel battery is ensured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the sectional drawing of solid polymer electrolyte-catalyst composite electrode. (3) Catalyst particle; ; (4) Pore.
NOVELTY - The porous composite electrode has an electronic conductive layer formed on an electrode surface. The composite electrode contains solid polymer electrolyte and a catalytic particle.    USE -   For water electrolyzer having electric supplier which is contacted with electronic conductive layer on the electrode (claimed), fuel batteries having collector with gas diffusion layer which is contacted with electronic layer of the electrode (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The composite electrode has low resistance and large electronic conductivity. The electrolytic voltage in the water electrolyzer is reduced and energy efficiency is improved. The operating voltage of fuel battery is reduced and output electricity is improved. The safety of water electrolyzer and fuel battery is ensured. Diffusion of gas within the fuel battery is made smooth.
Cpds. of formula Ba2(In1-xMx)2O5 (M = one or more than one trivalent cation except In and x = 0.05-0.95) are new. M is pref. one or more than one trivalent cation selected from the groups IIIa and IIIb elements or M is one or more than one trivalent cation selected from Gd, Ga, and Y. More pref. M is one or more than one trivalent cation whose ionic radius in coordination six is 0.40-1.20 angstroms.    USE -   The oxide ionic conductor can be used as electrolytic material for solid electrolyte type fuel cells, oxygen sensors, and oxygen pumps.    ADVANTAGE -   The oxide ionic conductor has good conductivity in a wide range of temps.
NOVELTY - A battery (22) and a generator (45) are connected to a lighting system. A switch (48) switches between battery and generator, for supply of power to lighting system.    USE -   For lighting system in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Safety of vehicle run during night time is raised and hence versatility is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of lighting system. (22) Battery; (45) Generator; (48) Switch.
NOVELTY - A strip (4) has one end (5) joined to edge (1A) of solar battery (1) and a projection (6) which projects to exterior edge of solar battery. The inner side of strip has a serrated notch (9) which coincides with corner (1B) of battery.    USE -   For attaching solar battery in roof of motor cars.    ADVANTAGE -   The structure enables simple and speedy attachment as projections extends towards exterior edge of solar battery. The structure enables reducing the wind cut-off sound. The structure enables performing attachment of solar battery roof upper surface of car at any time without doing a special process. The structure enables reducing air resistance reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory sectional view of strip shaped attachment structure. (1) Solar battery; (1A) Edge; (1B) Corner; (4) Strip; (5) End; (6) Projection; (9) Serrated notch.
NOVELTY - A separator for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell has a surface roughness of 0.1-10 micron, when measured with a probe having a tip diameter of 5 micron, at the surface which contacts the cell electrode.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The separator provides a low contact resistance at the interface with the cell electrode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a process for producing the separator, comprising immersing a molding of the separator in an acid solution.
NOVELTY - The plate (1) is cut out to form segments (3). The segments determine each cell and are connected to the pole connections. The segments carry take-offs for the temperature and voltage of the cell. One segment at least has connectors (5) provided for input and output of a data bus. Switches allow monitoring of accumulator, state of charge.    USE - For electric traction battery.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces battery failures.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cover for a battery of five cells.    plate (1)    cut-out (2)    segment (3)    pole connection contact (4)    connectors for power or data bus (5)    breakthroughs (6,7)
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a press-operated circuit, a battery (7) and a light bulb (13). The head (17) of the key is inserted into an aperture in a housing and locked. When the circuit is closed the key shaft (18) and the door lock's key opening are illuminated. A housing combined with the key contains a battery and a switching arrangement with which the battery voltage can be applied to the bulb.    USE - For different types of key.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a door to be unlocked with one hand in the dark.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings illustrate various aspects of the arrangement    battery (7)    light bulb (13)    key head (17)    key shaft (18)
NOVELTY - In a solid electrolyte fuel cell comprising an oxidant reservoir and a fuel reservoir, a non-planar electrolyte structure is interposed between the oxidant and fuel reservoirs.    USE - A high temperature fuel cell having an inorganic electrolyte membrane and using liquid fuel (diesel and gasoline), for automobile power plants and intermittent operation power plants.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell is capable of withstanding up to 4000 thermal cycles of from room temperature to operating temperatures of up to 1000degreesC, in times ranging from less than 5 mins. to 1 hr.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrolyte structure includes an oxygen-ion-conductive electrolyte comprising a thin, flexible, pre-sintered, polycrystalline ceramic sheet having a selected largest linear sheet dimension falling within a sheet base plane. The electrolyte sheet includes at least one elevated stress relief section having a sheet elevation above the sheet base plane such that the ratio of the sheet elevation to the largest sheet dimension is in the range 1:600 to 1:3.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a center feed, radial flow fuel design showing a unit cell of a stack.    Fuel cell design (25)    Non planar electrode/electrolyte/electrode foil (30)    Perforated metal manifold tubes (35, 36)    Perforated ceramic tube (38)    Baffle ring (40)
NOVELTY - Direct cracking of hydrocarbons with nickel containing catalyst at elevated temperature is used to produce high purity hydrogen.    USE - For use in production of hydrogen, preferably for use in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Allows the production of pure hydrogen by direct cracking of hydrocarbon while avoiding formation of carbon oxides.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of hydrogen by contacting stream of hydrocarbon gas with nickel containing catalyst at 400-900 degreesC to convert gas to hydrogen. The process is carried out until the catalyst is deactivated through deposition of carbon.
NOVELTY - An electrical power generating device has ceramic composite cells each with a cathode and anode. The cells are connected in series and are surrounded by shock absorbing and insulating materials. An exhaust fan, fuel supply e.g. methane gas and controller e.g. programmable computer with user interface are required. A container will have passageways for air ingress and egress and electrical power output terminals. When stacked, the cells (12) are electrically connected via contact layers (112) on an embossed bipolar foil. Incoming air flows in the plenum next to the cathode (16). The anode (18) is in a gas tight plenum where energy is generated.    USE - Economical and readily portable production of heat or electricity from low power to megawatts e.g. for electrically powered vehicles, generation of power from methane gas produced in landfills, military aircraft, life support systems and in unmanned aerial vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a rugged stationary, vehicular or portable, efficient, economical, relatively lightweight device capable of delivering power of megawatt output with reduced pollutant emission.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of ceramic composite cell showing electronic exchange flow during operation.    Cells (12)    Cathode (16)    Anode (18)    Contact layers (112)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte additive for lead-acid batteries comprises a mixture of the sulfates of aluminum, cobalt, copper, magnesium, cadmium, sodium and potassium and deionized water.    USE - As an additive to lead-acid batteries (claimed)    ADVANTAGE - Power efficiency and battery life are increased, hazardous emissions, corrosion and maintenance reduced and cells are equalized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A voltage/current plot for a treated battery is shown.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical metallic, e.g. aluminum, casing (4) with wall thickness of 0.2mm, in which a cathode lead (7) is weld to the base, has an opening (5) fitted between a ring-shaped iron reinforcement (2) and a plastic gasket (3) for sealing a battery.    USE - As power source for electric vehicle. As energy source of e.g. mobile phone, video camera and notebook computer.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces battery weight and increases energy density by reducing the weight and wall thickness of the battery container. Ensure sufficient air tightness to prolong the service life of the battery by closing the casing aperture by insulating gasket and metallic reinforcement. Increases strength of external periphery of the closed portion of the battery casing using metallic reinforcement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the typical cross-section of the battery.    Iron reinforcement (2)    Gasket (3)    Casing (4)    Opening (5)    Cathode lead (7)
NOVELTY - The electrode plates (16) are laminated through the separator (17) to form the electrode object (19). The surface of the anode active material layer (14) and cathode active material layer (15) of adjacent electrode plates are arranged opposite to each other.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each electrode plate has a tubular clad plate (13) formed by the anode base material (11) and the cathode base material (12). The anode active material layer is formed on the anode base material and the cathode active material layer is formed on cathode base material.    USE -   For lithium storage battery used in electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Equalizes charging/discharging area and collector area by enabling current flow in vertical direction to surface of anode and cathode active material layers. Reduces internal resistance of battery by reducing length of current flow path in external terminals. Enables effective utilization of space in vehicle by reducing size of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the lithium secondary battery. (11) Anode base material; (12) Cathode base material; (13) Tubular clad plate; (14) Anode active material layer; (15) Cathode active material layer; (16) Electrode plates; (17) Separator; (19) Electrode object.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte contains alkoxy denaturation dialkyl polysiloxane and polyalkylene oxide.    USE -   For lithium secondary batteries used in portable electronic equipment and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Ion conductivity of the electrolyte is improved and the mechanical property of battery is made favorable. Cost of battery is reduced and the characteristic of the battery is improved by holding electrolyte between positive and negative electrode.
NOVELTY - A container consists of an electricity generation component (1), a non-aqueous electrolyte (4) and an insulated liquid (7). A lid which opens due to internal pressure, is provided on the upper portion of the container.    USE -   Used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases safety of the battery due to opening of lid by pressure mechanism. Effective in preventing vaporization of non-aqueous electrolyte and used in road levelling during emergency power source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery. (1) Electricity generation component; (4) Non-aqueous electrolyte; (7) Insulated liquid.
NOVELTY - The battery has an anode and cathode with separator (5) in between. The anode, cathode or separator contains aromatic organic phosphorus compound.    USE -   In non-aqueous electrolyte battery used as power supply for electronic machines, electric power storage and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases high temperature characteristic, lifespan even under high temperature and ensures safety using simple technique.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure depicts the sectional drawing of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery. (5) Separator.
NOVELTY - Anode and cathode covers (20,24) are respectively mounted on anode (11) and cathode (12) of the respective cells (10). The anode and cathode covers are electrically connected by a bus bar (30), so as to connect the two cells electrically.    For electrical cell connection.    Heavy current is drawn with low loss as two cells are connected side to side. Reduces cost of apparatus as the cells are connected by bus bar rather than welding. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the state of electric connection apparatus of cell. (10) Cell; (20) Positive electrode car; (11) Positive electrode; (24) Negative electrode car; (12) Negative electrode; (30) Bus bar.
NOVELTY - The battery container surface (1A) that is resistance welded to a lead sheet (2), is dull machined with surface roughness ranging from 0.5-2.0 m.    USE -   For container of battery packs for use in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves contact resistance, thereby resulting in high welding strength, even for small values of welding current. Prevents generation of dust during welding.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the lead sheet pressed against the battery container surface. (1A) Dull machined surface; (2) Lead sheet.
NOVELTY - The converter (10) comprises a switch (16), a control circuit (18) and an energy storage reactive RLC circuit arrangement (20) is provided between the switch and a load (14). The control comprises a comparator (26), a voltage controlled oscillator VCO (28) and a demultiplexer (30) for communicating with the VCO.    USE - Electrical power converter for managing the electrical power supplied to a load, for e.g. heaters, cookers, lighting, televisions, etc. Particularly but not exclusively for use with a non-mains electrical supply, such as caravan, mobile home etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a number of loads to be powered by a supply which has a lower power capacity than the combined power rating of the loads. Reduces the amount of power required to operate an appliance, resulting in a longer battery life in the case of a battery supply. A load may be connected to more than one switch in order to increase the time period during which power is supplied to the load. The reactive components may be provided in a different known circuit arrangement, such as an RC or RL circuits.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The power to the converter is managed under the control of the comparator which compares the voltages from the loads (14a-14e) with a reference such as the supply voltage Vs. The output from the comparator determines the frequency of the VCO so as to pulses via outputs (36a-36e) of the demultiplexer to the switched transistors (16a-16e) in sequence to supply the loads.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic representation of the electrical circuit in communication with five loads.    Converter (10)    Load (14)    Switch (16)    Switched transistors (16a-16e)    Control circuit (18)    Energy storage reactive arrangement (20)    Comparator (26)    Voltage controlled oscillator VCO (28)    Demultiplexer (30)    Outputs (36a-36e)    Voltage supply (Vs)
NOVELTY - The battery terminal clamp has a body (10) formed as two parallel arms. The inner part of the clamp is shaped to fit over a circular battery post, and the outer part has two straight arms (20) separated by a gap, with transverse holes (21) to allow passage of a clamping bolt. The cable is connected to the clamp by clamping it to a rod (30) projecting from the base of the clamp.    USE - Motor vehicle battery connector    ADVANTAGE - Compact connector that is of simple construction and allows easy fitting and removal of cable from battery terminal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of the clamp    Clamp body (10)    Clamp arms (20)    Transverse holes for clamping bolt (21)    Rod to connect to electric cable (30)
NOVELTY - A prim. constant voltage circuit (20) is connected to a second power supply line (+B) which is supplied from a battery (BT) only when a relay (RLY) is closed. The constant voltage circuit supplies a third power supply line (DL) at a constant prim. voltage. An auxiliary constant voltage circuit (30) is connected to the battery to supply power to the third power supply line at a constant auxiliary voltage lower than the prim. voltage. A halt control circuit (40) enables operation of the auxiliary voltage circuit if power is supplied to the second power line and disables the auxiliary circuit if power is interrupted for more than a predetermined time.    USE - Allows for one supply line to supply power continuously and a second line to supply power only when a switch is closed.    ADVANTAGE - Supplies power to various pieces of apparatus and circuits in a highly stable and accurate manner using a relatively small ECU.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit.    Second power supply line (B)    Battery (BT)    Third power supply line (DL)    Relay (RLY)    Constant voltage circuit (20)    Auxiliary constant voltage circuit (30)    Halt control circuit (40)
NOVELTY - The model has two parallel end plates with a membrane-electrode unit between them covered on both sides with perforated current collectors. The end plates have feed openings for fuel or oxidant and a load for demonstrating the use of the fuel cell is connected to the current collectors. At least one of the end plates is designed as an application model side wall constructed in accordance with the particular application of the fuel cell and with current loads - possibly with functional elements driven by them - mounted on it.    USE - For demonstrating the use of fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The model can be implemented to demonstrate fuel cell technology cost-effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a model for demonstrating the use of fuel cell technology in motor vehicles    Side wall (1)    Functional elements (11)    Mounting bolts (3)
NOVELTY - Educt and product streams are fed spirally or radially to and from a central reaction region of a micro-reactor. Thermal losses from the reaction region to the surroundings are minimized by feeding the educt and product streams in a spiral or radial manner in one or more planes to and from the reaction region which is located at the center of the micro-reactor.    USE - The micro-reactor is useful for in-situ small scale production of substances which are not practicable for mass production and/or transport, e.g. in fuel cell and/or automobile technology.    ADVANTAGE - The micro-reactor is very compact and provides heat transfer from the product stream(s) to the educt stream(s) for achieving much higher reaction temperatures so that it can be used for gas phase reactions at high temperature (especially above 500 degrees C).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Chemical reactions are carried out in a micro-reactor by feeding one or more educt streams to a reaction region and feeding one or more product streams from the reaction region in countercurrent and in thermal contact with the educt stream(s).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a micro-reactor for carrying out the above process, the micro-reactor (20) having feed channels (22) and return channels (23) arranged in a spiral or radial manner in one or more planes about a reaction region (21) at the center (30) of the micro-reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic plan view of a micro-reactor.    Micro-reactor (20)    Reaction region (21)    Educt feed channels (22)    Product return channels (23)    Micro-reactor annular space (29a)    Micro-reactor center (30)    Micro-reactor sectors (31a, b)
NOVELTY - The electrode plate and separator combination has positive and negative electrode plates (1,2) arranged in alternation, with at least 2 different gas porous separator plates (3,4) inserted between them. Each positive electrode plate (1) may be inserted in fiber material separator plate pocket and each negative electrode plate (2) may be inserted in a corrugated spacer separator plate pocket.    USE - The battery electrode plate and separator combination is used for a storage battery subjected to vibration e.g. a vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE - The battery electrode plate and separator plate combination prevents short-circuits caused by physical damage resulting from vibration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic perspective view of a battery electrode plate and separator plate combination.    Positive electrode plates (1)    Negative electrode plates (2)    Fiber material separator plates (4) Corrugated spacer separator plates (3)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a current conductor with better electrical conduction than at least one fuel cell electrode, provided by a current conductor wire or grid (5) positioned between the electrolyte (2) and the electrode and attached to one or the other of the latter via a glass solder (4) or an adhesive which is resistant to high temperatures.    USE - The fuel cell is used for a high-temperature fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell is suitable for operating temperatures up to 1000 degrees C.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell.    Electrolyte (2)    Glass solder (4)    Conductor wire grid (5)
NOVELTY - The arrangement has auxiliary batteries (15) or accumulators associated with individual or grouped loads (17-21) which can be connected via a charging circuit and a changeover circuit to a main battery, esp. the vehicle battery (11) or generator. In normal operation the load or groups of loads is/are connected to the auxiliary battery. If the auxiliary battery fails or discharges a changeover (14) is made so that the loads or a group of loads is or are supplied from the main battery.    USE - For supplying electrical power for electronic loads in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures timely availability of a charged replacement accumulator or battery in the event of failure or discharge of a vehicle battery for a safety-relevant load.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the arrangement    motor vehicle battery (11)    changeover unit (14)    auxiliary battery (15)    lock electronics (17-21)    .
NOVELTY - A battery (10) is connected to a load (11) via a cable (13). A voltage detector (27) detects fluctuation in the input voltage to the load and a comparator (28) compares the detected value with reference value. An auxiliary capacitor (26) is connected in parallel with compensating capacitor (12) via a switching circuit (25) which is controlled by comparator output.    USE - For batteries used in automobiles such as cars to suppress voltage drop.    ADVANTAGE - As compensation capacitor is provided, it sufficiently suppresses the voltage drop when the variation in voltage falls within the settings. As the switching circuit is provided, the auxiliary capacitor is connected in parallel with compensating capacitor when the voltage variation exceeds the already set value. The excessive voltage drop is controlled effectively by auxiliary and compensating capacitors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents electric circuit diagram of the power compensator.    Battery (10)    Load (11)    Capacitor (12)    Cable (13)    Switching circuit (25)    Auxiliary capacitor (26)    Voltage detector (27)    Comparator (28)
NOVELTY - The battery has multiple battery cells arranged in separate casing. Each battery cell has positive and negative terminals with a post extending from the casing. A connector connects positive terminal of a cell with negative terminal of adjacent cell and connects the terminals to battery cable.    USE - In automobiles, golf carts and uninterrupted power supply.    ADVANTAGE - Since each battery is placed in separate casing and has terminals connected to one another and to battery cables, single replacement battery cell is placed in any position within the battery and is convenient to use.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cable connector has a side mount cable adapter (36) having a threaded sleeve (36A) for covering the post. A connector (36B) attached to the sleeves, has an aperture (36C) for engaging the headed part of battery cable. The connector comprises a conductive bar, nuts for engaging posts to bar, and insulated connector cap for covering bar and posts. The cells are connected in series by the connector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of side mount cable adapter.    Side mount cable adapter (36)    Threaded sleeve (36A)    Connector (36B)    Aperture (36C)
NOVELTY - Partial oxidation reformer provides compactness, rapid startup capability and good dynamic response.    USE - For use in fuel cell powered vehicles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The propulsion system for vehicle comprises a fuel cell containing: (a) positive and negative electrodes separated by an electrolyte, (b) a mechanism for forming methanol droplets of less than 50 microns diameters with or without water, (c) a unit for partially oxidizing methanol droplets in mixtures containing air and in the presence of oxide catalyst in overall exothermic reaction continuously to produce hydrogen-containing gas at 500 degrees C or below, (d) a device for delivering the hydrogen-containing gas to the negative electrode of the fuel cell and (e) a device for delivering air to the positive electrode of the fuel cell to produce DC power for operating an electric motor in a vehicle.
NOVELTY - The rectifier bridge (102) that has a diode is connected to the AC prongs (106,108). The power supply to the rectifier bridge is carried out through the DC power line (140) and the DC connector (136). The reference line (134) is connected to the AC prongs through the rectifier bridge. The AC prongs and DC connector are formed on common face.    USE - For supply of power to laptop computer, cellular telephone used in vehicle, through vehicular cigarette lighter socket. For supply of power from both AC and DC source.    ADVANTAGE - Improves safety by forming AC prongs and DC connector on same side of power supply. Removes DC prongs from power supply to prevent accident when power supply is connected to adaptor. Simplifies fixation of adaptor in socket.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The diode is reverse biased when the power supply is connected to the DC power source. The AC prongs are connected to the AC source and the primary winding (110) of a transformer (112) is used. The secondary winding (114) of the transformers is used when the DC connector is connected to the DC source. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) adaptor used in dual range power supply;    (b) dual range power supply system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of power supply circuit.    Rectifier bridge (102)    AC prongs (106,108)    Primary winding (110)    Transformer (112)    Secondary winding (114)    Reference line (134)    DC connector (136)    DC power line (140)
NOVELTY - Magnets (2) are provided on either sides of electromagnet (1) such that they are either attracted towards or repelled away from electromagnet. The force of attraction or repulsion is converted to rotary motion by crankshaft (13), crank (5) and connecting rod (4). A coil (10) is wound on the electromagnet.    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables power generation during reciprocating motion of magnets. Since reciprocating motion is not accompanied by chemical reaction, environment pollution is prevented. Simplifies structure since need for maintaining air resistance is avoided. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of components of magnetically actuated engine. (1) Electromagnet; (2) Magnets; (4) Connection rod; (5) Crank; (10) Coil; (13) Crankshaft.
NOVELTY - A battery ECU (6) detects abnormality in battery. A detector decides when battery abnormality is not detectable by the ECU. A ventilating fan (16) and control valve (18) are operated by the battery ECU when either battery abnormality or other abnormality are detected, to eject the exhaust gas.    USE -   For battery mounted in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Exhaust gas generated by the abnormality in battery operation is ejected out quickly without getting accommodated inside the vehicle, as the ventilating fan is operated efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents vehicular battery apparatus. (6) ECU; (16) Ventilating fan; (18) Control valve.
NOVELTY - Separators (14,16) supports an anode (20) and a cathode (22) on both sides of an electrolyte film (18). The separator has lap grooves (42,52) surrounding the electrodes. Elastic tubular unit (54,56) arranged on the grooves are adhered to electrolyte film.    USE -   Used in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Contact resistance is reduced effectively and desired cell property is obtained as tubular unit deforms on adhering with electrolyte film so fuel battery cell adhesion is raised preventing gas leakage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional dissolution state diagram of fuel battery. (14,16) Separators; (18) Electrolyte film; (20) Anode; (22) Cathode; (42,52) Lap grooves; (54,56) Elastic tubular unit.
NOVELTY - An oxidizing agent gas passageway (31) and a fuel gas passageway are formed on the top and bottom surfaces of the separator board (30). The divided gas passageways (31a- 31c,32a-32c) are serially connected by the common flow paths (46- 49) which are provided in insulated boards (44,45) such that gas flows in divided passageways in forward direction.    USE -   For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the water droplet produced in the gas passageway is ejected out by strength and gas flow rate of gravity, electricity generation efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of separator board. (30) Separator board; (31) Gas passageway; (31a-31c,32a-32c) Divided gas passageways; (44,45) Insulated boards; (46-49) Flow paths.
NOVELTY - The apparatus forms an electrochemical deposition film on the internal circumference surface of a base material (23). The base material is rotated at an axis with a rotator (54). The base material is moved axially with a moving unit.    USE -   Used in solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   A film with uniform thickness is produced as electrochemical deposition is done on the whole internal circumference of deposition base material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded sectional view of base material rotator and moving unit. (23) Base material; (54) Rotator.
NOVELTY - A box has four sides (5) with ventilation openings (9). The total area of the openings measured in a vertical plane parallel to the side is at least 1320 mm2 per kilowatt hour of the total capacity of the battery within the container. Each opening has a maximum width of 12 mm. The lid (4) has several apertures (18) and at least one drainage channel (20) with edges directed up beneath the apertures. The vertical distance between each edge and the lid is a maximum of 12 mm. The total open area, measured vertically between the edges and the lid is at least 850 mm2 per kilowatt hour of the total capacity of the battery.    USE - For e.g. the power source of a vehicle such as a fork-lift truck used in a hazardous environment such as a mine.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the size of the battery container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a partial side view of the container with a hinged lid and a cross-section of the lid.    Lid (4)    Sides of box (5)    Ventilation openings (9)    Apertures in lid (18)    Drainage channels (20)
NOVELTY - The reactor has parallel tubes of hexagonal cross-section, closely assembled to leave no gaps, within a containing cylinder. The production hydrogen from steam and methanol is an endothermic reaction requiring temperatures of 150-650 degrees C. The heat is supplied by combustion tubes (4) internally coated with catalytic material (5) embedded in catalytic granules (6) into which the reagents are fed. The hexagonal walls (3) are membranes with a porous carrier material coated with layers (10) which permit the selective passage of hydrogen.    USE - For the production of hydrogen for fuel cells by the reaction of methanol and steam.    ADVANTAGE - The efficient reactor is of compact design such that it can be incorporated into a vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show a plan view and a section through a schematic representation.    Element tube (3)    Combustion tube (4)    Catalytic coating (5)    Main reactor catalyst (6)    Outer cylinder (9)    Membrane layer (10)    Heater fuel and reagents (13,16)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a voltage converter (75) between two electrically conducting end plates (56,86) and electrically connected to each in a first region (61,91), which is locally isolated from a second region of the end plates (60,90) with a direct electrical connection to an electrolyte/electrode unit (70,71) and contact with chemical reactants. The two regions of the end plates are separated by seals (50).    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Very compact fuel cells can produce increased output voltages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional schematic representation of an example fuel cell.    seals (50)    end plates (56,86)    second region (60,90)    first region (61,91)    electrolyte/electrode unit (70, 71)    voltage converter (75)    .
NOVELTY - The use of a gas diffusion electrode comprising a non-woven network of fibers, one or more catalysts components and at least one polymeric substance, is characterized in that the catalyst is embedded within the fiber network.    USE - A gas diffusion electrode for use in a direct methanol fuel cell, particularly useful for vehicles powering applications.    ADVANTAGE - Across the current density range there is a higher performance due to improved mass transport properties at operationally viable air stoichiometries. The size, weight and cost of the fuel stack may be reduced.
NOVELTY - The storage battery has multiple cells which each have a gas vent path and primary condensation chamber (17) and a secondary trap chamber (18) through which gas must flow to reach a vent outlet (28). Gas venting from a cell must pass through the primary chamber (17) to reach the trap chamber (18). Each trap chamber (18) is associated with a condensation chamber (17) and electrolyte in the trap can only drain back into its respective cell.    USE - Storage battery for road vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates risk of dry cells due to evaporation of electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Plan view of battery cover.    Condensation chamber (17)    Secondary trap (18)    Drain path (19)    Vent assembly (28)
NOVELTY - A combined electrolytic and fuel cell, comprising an oxygen electrode, a hydrogen electrode and a solid electrolyte membrane, has a multi-component oxygen electrode catalyst which contains oxygen reduction and hydrogen oxidation components.    USE - As a combined polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell (at a terminal voltage of less than 1.01 V) and water electrolysis cell (at a terminal voltage of more than 1.48 V) for electric vehicles (to provide energy storage during braking and energy supply during acceleration), for use as an emergency current supply, for compensating voltage fluctuations in mains supplies, for energy storage in space travel and as a teaching aid.    ADVANTAGE - The combined cell operates at low overvoltages, can be constructed from inexpensive carbon materials, can be switched between the two functions (electrolysis/fuel cell operation) within a few milliseconds and performs cycles with equalized charge/discharge balance without water circulation.
NOVELTY - Synthesis gas is obtained by electrolysis using hollow micro-fibers as solid electrolytes, the internal and external surfaces of which support the anodes and cathodes.    USE - To produce hydrogen for use in fuel cells    ADVANTAGE - The volume required to carry out the reaction is extremely small and can be carried out on board a motor vehicle that may be driven by the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fibers are made using zirconium oxide stabilized by yttrium. The external diameter is from 50 to 280 mum. The feed gas is a mixture of CO2 and H2O which following high temperature electrolysis is converted to CO and H2, the O2 separating through the fiber wall as a permeate. The hydrogen is subsequently separated using a gas separation membrane also made of hollow micro-fibers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal section of a hollow micro-fiber suitable for implementing the invention.    anode (2)    cathode (3)
NOVELTY - The electrical conductor termination (1) is made of a different material to the electrical conductor (7) and has a conductor insulation crimp with 2 clamp plates (4) and a conductor wire crimp with 2 further clamp plates (3) and a terminal tag (5), for directly contacting the electrical conductor. The conductor wire crimp clamp plates have slits (8) or ridges, allowing compensation of thermal expansion resulting from large temperature variations.    USE - The termination is directly crimped to the end of an electrical conductor used in automobile electrical connections, e.g. a battery cable.    ADVANTAGE - The termination is suitable for use in a wide range of ambient temperatures.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective representation of a crimped termination attached to an electrical conductor.    Conductor termination (1)    Conductor wire crimp clamp plates (3)    Insulation crimp clamp plates (4)    Terminal tag (5)    Electrical conductor (7)    Slits (8)
NOVELTY - Preparation of sulfohalogenated polymers (polymer-(SO2Hal)x) comprises reacting a solution of a metallized polymer (polymer-(Me)x) with sulfuryl halide (SO2Hal2) at -20 to -100degreesC    USE - In membrane fuel cells, membrane electrolysis, pervaporation, gas separation, perstraction and electrodialysis, particularly for electrodialytic water splitting (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process gives a high yield at high speed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (i) the preparation of sulfohalogenated polymers (polymer-(SO2Hal)x(Electrophile)y) by reacting the metallized polymer with further electrophiles as well as SO2Hal2;    (ii) the preparation of laminated membranes by applying a solution of the above polymer to a polymer membrane, removing solvent and hydrolyzing;    (iii) a sulfohalogenated polymer made as above; and    (iv) a membrane made as above.
Lead acid accumulator with high specific energy for electric car, includes as a slab lattice of its positive electrode comprising Pb-Sb alloy. The active substance for positive electrode is prepared from powdered Pb, PTFE, hetero-graphite and K2SO4. The slab lattice of its negative electrode comprises rare-earth series Pb-Ca alloy. The active substance for negative electrode is prepared from powdered Pb, BaSO4, sodium lignosulphonate and or naphthalene acid. It has high specific energy of weight ( 50 WH/kg), long service life (&gt; 1000 times) and good recharge acceptance power and high multiplication discharge power.
Fully enclosed lead acid accumulator, not requiring maintenance and used in motorcycle, has the slab lattice alloy of its anode containing Pb, Ca, Sn, Al and Cu. The active substance of its anode comprises powdered Pb, H2SO4 solution, PTFE, hetero-graphite, Na2SO4 and acrylic fibre. The slab lattice alloy of its cathode contains Pb, Ca, Sn and Al. The active substance of its cathode comprises powdered Pb, H2SO4 solution, BaSO4, sodium lignosulphonate, or naphthalene acid, and Owen W. Its advantages are no early capacity drop, not softening and dropping of active substance, and good high multiplication discharge and low temperature start performance.
NOVELTY - Vehicle electrical system includes engine starting battery (14) requiring relatively small power draw to maintain a full state of charge, from a reserve battery (20), preferably absorptive glass mat (AGM) type with high reserve capacity to provide a relatively low rate of discharge over an extended period of time. The reserve battery powers essential electrical loads (15). A controller (18) is coupled to both batteries and to a relay (16) to couple the batteries in parallel to overcome the self discharge characteristic of the starter battery. The controller may also disconnect non-essential loads (30) e.g. entertainment and convenience systems and internal lighting.    USE - Maintains engine starter battery charge at a desired level by connection as necessary to a second battery normally used to supply accessory electrical loads, disconnecting non-essential loads during periods of inactivity.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures as far as possible that the engine starting battery is fully charged after a lengthy period of vehicle inactivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram incorporating a dual battery electrical system of a motor vehicle.    Engine starting battery (14)    Essential electrical loads (15)    Relay (16)    Controller (18)    Reserve battery (20)    Non-essential loads (30)
NOVELTY - The anode and cathode chambers are divided by a diaphragm. Depolarization reaction takes place at anode which is platinum and alloy of ruthenium. The hydrogen is generated at cathode with methanol electrolyte. The anolyte and catholyte are respectively sent to the liquid equalizing tank and the liquid is adjusted by a mechanism. The adjusted liquid is sent to anode chamber.     DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anode chamber has liquid supply structure, liquid and gas or gas elimination mechanism. Gas liquid separation mechanism is provided at the point of catholyte gas elimination mechanism in cathode chamber. Anolyte adds conductive supplementary electrolyte to methanol. CO2and hydrogen ions are formed from methanol.    USE -   For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Hydrogen is obtained with low electric power, since the electrolytic voltage in electrolysis is low. Required amount of hydrogen is obtained by the electrolytic bath of simple structure. Use of expensive ion exchange membrane is avoided, since diaphragm is used.
NOVELTY - Pure water is subjected to electrolysis in a cell (33) comprising a cathode chamber and anode chamber, with a solid polymer electrolytic film interposed between the chambers. Electric power obtained using natural sources is supplied to the cell and the electrolysis of water results in formation of hydrogen gas in the cathode chamber and oxygen gas in the anode chamber.    USE -   The obtained hydrogen is mixed with natural gas and used as gaseous fuel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The method utilises natural power source and the hydrogen and oxygen can be stably manufactured. Since the amount of carbon dioxide generated is reduced, the environment is not affected. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic drawing of the electrolytic cell utilizing electric power source obtained by wind. (31) Wind mill; ; (33) Electrolytic cell.
NOVELTY - The support box (25) which supports the battery case detachably is provided so as to follow one side of the body frame to almost same site of height from the lower portion of leg space (S). The motor side connector separated in connection with insertion or removal of the battery case, by the contact terminal for discharge, is provided in the frame side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The body frame is formed into a structure where the leg space is left opened to the side in a V- shaped upper portion, by fixing the seat tube extended upwards at the rear of the down table extended in the body frame to fall back from a head tube. The support box regulates the movement of the front and back direction of the battery case and a connector for discharge is provided in the battery case.    USE -   For the attachment of battery case in an elastically driven bicycle.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides good workability of mounting a heavy battery case. Raising to a high position at the time of insertion or removal of battery case is not required. The leg space is not greatly narrowed in the battery case and it is easy to get in and off without obstruction from battery case. Since the motor side terminal is separated from battery case, insertion and removal of battery case is simplified. The contact terminals do not detach from the battery case since the movement is regulated by the support, inspite of the vibration. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional enlarged view of the support portion of support box for battery case. (25) Support box; (S) Leg space.
NOVELTY - The roof box comprises on main body (11) and an upper cover (12) on the upper surface of which a pair of solar panels (2) is provided. Charging control equipment such as a battery and a controller are contained in the main body which is also provided with an outlet for the power supply, the outlet having a drip proof cap fo safe operation even during the rain.    USE -   For motor vehicle to generate electricity even when there is no external power supply. For providing power during outdoor leisure activities such as camping, or when washing or cleaning the car.    ADVANTAGE -   Generates electric power during outdoor travels by the solar energy for movement and also for washing the car during day time. Enables sufficient power generation as a pair of panels receives direct sun rays. Prevents leakage of electricity as the outlet for power supply is covered with chip proof cap. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of the roof box. (2) Solar panel; (11) Main housing; (12) Upper cover.
NOVELTY - The surface of a solid electrolyte (3), a fuel pole layer (13) is formed on whose surface another fuel pole layer (14) is formed. Both the pole layers are composed of metal particle selected from nickel, cobalt and iron. The mean particle diameter of both the fuel pole layers are set to satisfy predetermined relationship.    USE -   In solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves bond strength, electrical conductivity of solid electrolyte by controlling the mean diameter of particle uniformly. Improves electric gas permeability and electricity generation characteristic, since grain growth of metal particle is controlled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of solid electrolyte fuel battery. (3) Solid electrolyte; (13,14) Fuel pole layers.
NOVELTY - A reserve battery (10) is installed in a housing (7) which is an integral part of the lock (1) and held in position by a spring (15) and a cap (11). Electrical connections are made through a conductor (16) and the spring (15) and also through a conducting washer (20) and a metallic section (11a) of the cap (11). The cap (11) is screwed into an inner door panel (2b) through plastic fittings (8,9)    USE - To provide emergency electricity supply to electrically operated car door locks    ADVANTAGE - The battery may be easily replaced without dismantling the lock and the battery compartment is watertight    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the housing and connections for the emergency battery    Lock (1)    Inner door panel (2b)    Housing (7)    Plastic reception fittings for cap (8,9)    Reserve battery (10)    Cap and metallic section (11,11a)    Spring (15)    Conductor (16)    Conducting washer (20)
NOVELTY - The illumination unit includes an accumulator packet (15) of the type used for hand operated machine tools. The accumulator packet is accommodated in a container (14), which can be mounted on the bicycle frame. Electric connections (16,17) are connected in counter connections (20,21) at an electronic regulating unit (30), for adapting the output power of the accumulator packet to suit the rated data for the front and rear lights.    USE - Bicycle lighting system with rechargeable accumulator fixed at bicycle frame.    ADVANTAGE - Provides heavy duty accumulator used for current supply which is robust and is capable of supplying much heavier currents than those used for bicycle lighting. Improves road safety. This additional task would facilitate a more economic use of the heavy duty accumulator e.g. only used intermittently in garage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the lighting unit.    Container (14)    Accumulator packet (15)    Electric connections (16,17)    Counter connections (20,21)    Electronic regulating unit (30)
NOVELTY - A redox flow battery is composed of a number of cells in electrical series defined by a stacked and repetitive arrangement of a conductive inter-cell separator having a generally bipolar function, a positive electrode, an ion exchange membrane, a negative electrode and another conductive inter-cell separator.    USE - Renewable electrochemical energy storage by redox flow battery systems, particularly vanadium redox secondary batteries.    ADVANTAGE - By-pass currents are substantially eliminated, resulting in increased faradic efficiency. The energy storing capacity can be 50% in excess of that possible according to prior art for the same amount of vanadium employed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery is operated by flowing a positive half-cell electrolyte containing reducible and oxidizable ions of a first redox couple through the compartment containing the positive electrodes and a negative half-cell electrolyte containing reducible and oxidizable ions of a second redox couple through the compartments containing the negative electrodes in cascade in a counter or equi-current mode. The difference of cell voltage between the first and last of the stack depends on the level and direction of electric current passed through the battery during the transit time of a given volume of electrolyte through it.
NOVELTY - The valve (25) efficiently ejects gas from the battery at a relatively low pressure differential while preventing the ejection of liquid from the battery along with the gas. The battery operates at conditions where there is normally no pressure differential or where pressure in the battery is lower than the outside air pressure. Valve is free flowing only in direction from battery to outside.    USE - For regulating pressure within battery, in particular sealed batteries used in vehicles and as communications standby power systems.    ADVANTAGE - Provides for valve and its seal to be a single unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of the valve.    the valve (25)
NOVELTY - A directly cast strip of lead or lead alloy, of suitable thickness for use in industrial cells and batteries, is manufactured in a continuous process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lead acid cell comprises a container, within which are one or more positive plates and a negative plate, a separator between the plates, and an electrolyte. The plates consist of a crack-free grid supporting structure of thickness at least 0.06 ins and including a layer of active material pasted to it, which is a directly cast/expanded metal grid having machine and transverse directions.    USE -   The cells and batteries are suitable for stationary and motive power applications.    ADVANTAGE -   The method obviates the need for cold rolling, and enables grids of various sizes and satisfactory microstructure to be produced in a continuous process.
NOVELTY - The terminal (14) of an electric circuit (12), which is positioned to contact the electrolyte within the monitored cell of a multicelled battery, has a probe (24) with an electrically-conductive sensor (26) that is linked to the circuit. A resistor (42) is connected in parallel to an LED indicator (34) which is responsive to the current flowing in the circuit itself.    USE - For multicelled battery used in e.g. electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Effectively provides positive indication when electrolyte is at minimum acceptable level. Maintenance-free since device does not have moving components. Use of separate power source is unnecessary. Prevents false indications resulting from accidental contact between probe and other battery components within monitored cell. Sensitivity of indicator to low-level currents is effectively reduced by resistor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electric circuit (12) has another terminal (20) that is electrically connected to the other cell of the battery to impress a corresponding potential across the circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the electrolyte level monitoring device.    Electric circuit (12)    Terminal (14)    Probe (24)    Electrically-conductive sensor (26)    LED indicator (34)    Resistor (42)
NOVELTY - The system has a frame adapted to rotate within which an arcuate chamber (60) is formed that has a ball (58) disposed within it which is freely movable within the chamber but shiftable in an arcuate path along the chamber in response to rotation of the frame. A piezoelectric stack (62) or biomorph partially extends into the chamber at each end so that they contact the mass as it moves from one end to the other and generate electricity.    USE - For mounting either inside automotive tires or outside on their rims for maintaining optimum tire pressure and generating electricity for use by on-board instruments.    ADVANTAGE - Light weight, simple construction which is easily installed, not requiring any mechanical modification of the axle or its supporting elements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The chamber has a radius of curvature and is positioned in the frame so that the rotation of the frame at any rotational speeds results in a locally rotating gravity vector acting on the mass and causing a resonant oscillation of the mass within the chamber. The system may also have a pump or piston positioned at each end of the chamber which are connected to the tire.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A sectional view of one embodiment of the electricity generating system.    Ball (58)    Arcuate chamber (60)    Piezoelectric stack (62)
NOVELTY - Motor generator (2) is directly coupled to revolving shaft (21) of a flywheel (1) which is supported by gimbals (11,12). Center of gravity of the flywheel and the motor generator is such that the revolving shaft rotates in vertical direction. The gimbals are supported by a pair of bearings (22,23) where gimbals rotate perpendicular to the direction of vehicle movement.    USE -   For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables automatic regulation of rotating angle and hence prevents occurrence of over shoot in vehicles when load occurs. Ensures that the load generated by pitching or rolling added to bearing with layer mass, is made small. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a vehicle mounted flywheel battery. (1) Flywheel; (2) Motor generator; (11,12) Gimbals; (21) Revolving shaft; (22,23) Bearings.
NOVELTY - The battery has an electrode assembly (2) consisting of a strip-shaped anode (5) spirally wound on a separator (7) wound on a strip-shaped cathode (6). The electrode assembly is fixed in a battery case (1). The relation of cross-sectional area S2 of the battery case to cross-sectional area S1 of the electrode assembly is: 0.5 &lt; S1/S2 &lt; 0.95.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cathode is made of a material which can occlude and release lithium ions and the anode is made of a lithium-containing oxide material.    USE -   Used as power supply source for electric vehicles and portable devices.    ADVANTAGE -   The charging and discharging cycle characteristic of the battery is improved because the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the battery case and the electrode assembly is set to a predetermined value. This enables to maintain the electrode assembly under correct tension in the battery case such that the distance between the electrodes is maintained effectively ensuring good electrolyte wetting between the electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a cross-section of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. (1) Battery case; (2) Electrode assembly; (5) Anode; (6) Cathode; (7) Separator.
NOVELTY - Joining method involves interposing of brazing material (8) like aluminium alloy between negative electrode flange portion (21) and ceramic unit (7). The brazing material is heated to a temperature higher than the solidus line temperature. The material is then cooled to a temperature lower than the solidus line temperature and is finally pressed between the flange and ceramic unit.    USE -   In battery systems, electric power storage assembly, electric vehicles, peak-shifter of electric power systems, etc..    ADVANTAGE -   Highly reliable welded ceramics and sodium secondary batteries can be obtained by the joining method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the structure of high temperature sodium secondary battery. (7) Ceramic unit; (8) Brazing material; (21) Flange portion.
NOVELTY - The flat object (2) consisting of the phosphoric acid is supported by the fuel pole catalyst layer (3) and the air pole catalyst layer. Any one or both of the catalyst layers (3) is projected towards the periphery from the outer edge of flat object.    USE -   In phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Damage of the electricity generation area caused by gas leaked from the seal section distributed around the cell is prevented hence battery is operated with stability for long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the phosphoric acid fuel battery. (2) Flat object; (3) Fuel pole catalyst layer.
NOVELTY - A sensor (70) detects the output of fuel battery (3). Based on the output of fuel battery, a controller (16) computes the amount of heating gas used by fuel battery. Based on the amount of heating gas used, the pressure of fuel is computed. The pressure of fuel gas detected by pressure sensor and computed by controller are compared, based on which gas leakage is judged. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Gas pressure sensor (51) detects the pressure of fuel gas in fuel gas cylinder (1).    USE -   For detecting the leakage of heating gas.    ADVANTAGE -   As leakage of heating gas is detected by comparing the output of pressure sensor and controller, there is no need for combustible gas sensor. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of fuel battery system. (1) Fuel gas cylinder; (3) Fuel battery; (16) Controller; (51) Gas pressure sensor; (70) Sensor.
NOVELTY - Reservoir board (9c) has a dense porous portion (31) having small mean pore diameter subjected to high temperature and an usual porous portion (32) having large mean pore diameter subjected to low temperature. Phosphoric acid is held in the pores of the porous portions (31,32) formed from a porous carbon material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reservoir boards are arranged on both the sides of an unit cell having a flat matrix pinched by a fuel electrode and oxidizing agent electrode. Fuel electrode is equipped with a fuel electrode catalyst layer and the oxidizing agent electrode is equipped with an oxidizing agent electrode catalyst layer.    USE -   For phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables stable operation for long time by preventing shortage of phosphoric acid of matrix in high temperature portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the basic composition of the reservoir board and the characteristic view showing the diameter distribution of the pores in the reservoir board. (9c) Reservoir board; (31,32) Porous portion.
NOVELTY - The charging and discharging current of battery (14) is integrated and remaining capacity of the battery is calculated. Based on the opening terminal voltage of battery, remaining capacity of the battery is estimated. Based on the difference between the calculated value and estimated value, remaining capacity of battery is adjusted by an updating unit.    USE -   For motor.    ADVANTAGE -   Since estimation is based on opening terminal voltage, offset error of current detector is not included and hence exact result is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the remaining capacity calculation unit of battery. (14) Battery.
NOVELTY - A transponder (10) is powered by a battery and whenever transmitted demand from management center side comes, a diagnostic result is transmitted. Under normal operation, engine ECU (30) is powered by battery under ON state and not during OFF state. When the engine stops, the charging of battery also stops and hence power supply in ECU reduces.    USE -   In vehicle like car.    ADVANTAGE -   During the stoppage of vehicle, the engine gets stopped and hence the battery charging is also stopped and hence power consumption is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of vehicle mounted diagnostic apparatus. (10) Transponder; (30) ECU.
NOVELTY - A running condition controller (9) controls the revolution number of an engine (1) according to the temperature detected by a temperature detector. An electricity generator generates electricity according to the running condition of the engine.    USE -   For securing favorable exhaust capability of the vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the catalyst apparatus purifies exhaust gas, a favorable condition is maintained in the exhaust. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the controller. (1) IC engine; (9) Engine running condition controller.
NOVELTY - A molded heat pipe (10) which is bonded by lamination sheets of fuel battery to form alternate cooling medium flow path. The molded heat pipe is larger than the lamination surface area of the fuel battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel battery (30) has a solid polymer electrolyte film sheet (1) and two or more lamination sheet having a separator (6) for oxidizing agent gas and a heating gas separator (5). The oxidizing agent gas separator has an oxidizing agent gas passageway (7). On one side of the oxidizing agent gas passage way a fuel electrode film (2) and an oxidizing agent electrode film (3) are formed.    USE -   In laminated fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Maintenance controller for cooling is not needed and therefore size and cost reduction of fuel battery is attained. Efficiency of electric generation is increased by shortening the startup time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structural composition of a fuel battery. (1) Solid polymer electrolyte film sheet; (2) Fuel electrode film; (3) Oxidizing agent electrode film; (5) Separator; (6) Separator; (7) Oxidizing agent gas passageway; (10) Molded heat pipe; (30) Fuel battery.
NOVELTY - The module has two or more cylindrical electrochemical generators (4) placed adjacent to each other about axial and transverse axes of symmetry. An electronic module (7) is fitted in the space (5,5') between a group of four generators. The electronic module measures the individual voltage of each of the electrochemical generators.    USE - Lithium-ion battery module for electric vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Battery module with charge monitoring electronic unit fitted internally to provide accurate monitoring without increasing overall bulk of the module, and avoiding connecting wires can be damaged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of the module    Electrochemical generator cylinders (4)    Electronic module (7)    Space between adjacent cells in cluster (5,5')
NOVELTY - Battery is manufactured with housing (11) with lower rim and a pair of terminals (20,21) projecting from one face. The mounting base (30) has a floor (32) with side rails (31) and upright (33) at one end. Spring loaded contacts (34) are provided in the upright to engage the pair of battery terminals. The side rails have clips (50) which engage the lower rim when the battery is placed in the base, to hold the battery to the floor. A hinged catch (55) in the base engages the rear of the rim to hold the terminals against the contacts.    USE - An engine starting battery can be snapped into the base without the use of tools, enabling connection to the vehicle ignition system while the battery is held securely.    ADVANTAGE - Provides an improved method of mounting and electrically connecting a vehicle engine starting battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a perspective view of the battery and base.    Housing (11)    Terminals (20,21)    Mounting base (30)    Rails (31)    Floor (32)    Upright (33)    Contacts (34)    Clips (50)    Hinged catch (55)
NOVELTY - The container integral molding (14) has a base, side walls (26), cell partitions (22) and end walls (30) having a base portion (32) and diagonal ribs (34) in a honeycomb grid with diamond shaped flat sections (38) along the base portion. The ribs are parallel, spaced about 1 inch apart, angled approximately +/- 45 degrees to the horizontal, and shaped with a rounded upper crest. The rib sides form rounded diamond corners and rounded edges where they meet the base portion.    USE - Provides a container for recombinant sealed lead acid batteries used in starting, lighting and ignition of automobiles, trucks and other vehicles, i.e. SLI batteries, and in stationary and motive power source applications, i.e. industrial batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a container design with enhanced resistance to end wall deformation due to internal pressure and internal and external temperatures developed during use, i.e. up to 3-6 psi and 200 degrees F. The rib structure increases end wall effective thickness and strength without uniformly increasing end wall thickness, thereby allowing container injection molding whilst minimizing difficulties related to differences in shrinkage rates. Rounded edges at locations where the ribs meet the base portion and rounded diamond corners provide good material flow characteristics, an easily removed molded part and minimal water retention during processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a battery including the plastic container.    Container integral molding (14)    Cell partitions (22)    Side walls (26)    End walls (30)    Base portion (32)    Diagonal ribs (34)    Diamond shaped flat sections. (38)
NOVELTY - Auxiliary battery activity unit (10) changes into specific condition in which power can be supplied from an auxiliary battery (11) to an invertor (8).    USE -   For engine of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The generator of large electricity generation capacity is not used more than required, as external load is supplied by using an invertor. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the functional block diagram of the generator structure. (8) Invertor; (10) Auxiliary battery activity unit; (11) Auxiliary battery.
NOVELTY - An engine (1) generates a driving force with an electric motor (2). The total remaining amount data adding the charging remaining amount of battery and remaining amount of gasoline, are displayed independently.    USE -   In hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The charging remaining amount of battery and remaining amount of gasoline are displayed, thereby residual runnable distance synthesizing a charging remaining amount and liquid fuel can be understood easily and odd feeling is not given to operator. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the block diagram showing the mechanical component of hybrid electric vehicle. (1) Engine; (2) Electric motor.
NOVELTY - The separator (9A) consists of a carbon board. The periphery edges of the carbon board, a water repellent process portion (10) is formed. This water repellent process portion is formed by impregnation of polytetrafluoroethylene and later baking the carbon board.    USE -   Used in phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The periphery edges of separator are prevented from getting wet with the phosphoric acid. Corrosion is prevented and the fuel battery is run with stability for a long period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows expanded sectional view of phosphoric acid type fuel battery. (9A) Separator, (10) Water repellent process portion.
NOVELTY - Electric power conversion controller regulates the switching rate of a pair of converters (3,4) to 50% or more. The phase difference between the output voltages of converters generating high frequency square wave voltage from a DC input voltage is 90. The square wave voltage is rectified into DC voltage and the DC voltage is then converted into an alternating voltage by an invertor (10).    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to output DC voltage without any ripple and without using smoothing reactor. Achieves size and weight reduction by reducing number of circuit components. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of components of power supply. (3,4) Converters; (10) Invertor.
NOVELTY - The reaction container is divided into the combustion chamber and the reaction chamber by the baffle plate. The ceramic tube is arranged in between the solid electrolyte fuel battery cells (52) in the reaction chamber so that the opening (83) of the tube is arranged in baffle plate side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel battery cells are inserted in the holes formed in the baffle plate. Hot gas is supplied between the cells and made to react with supplied air. The surplus hot gas is supplied to the combustion chamber and made to react with air.    USE -   For regulating hot gas flow in solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves fuel utilization factor by spreading hot gas equally near each cell. Improves power generation property of fuel battery by increasing fuel utilization factor. Increases hot gas flow velocity by reducing flow length by ceramic tube. Eliminates hot gas oxidized by power generation quickly. Enables quick starting of electronic device by maintaining desired insulation between cells. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of fuel cell stack. (52) Fuel battery cell; (83) Opening.
NOVELTY - The desulfurizer is filled with adsorption desulfurization catalyst (30a), hydrogenation desulfurization catalyst (30b) and high temperature adsorption desulfurization catalyst, sequentially. The desulfurizer is arranged at upstream side of the electricity generation installation.    USE -   For desulfurization application in phosphoric acid battery electricity generation installation.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers efficient high concentration hydrogen sulfide, sulfur compound removal from original fuel using compact desulfurizer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure depicts block diagram of phosphoric acid type fuel battery electricity generation installation. (30a) Adsorption desulfurization catalyst#(30b) Hydrogenation desulfurization catalyst.
NOVELTY - Cerium group oxide powder containing 0.5-50 wt% of cerium is added to the raw material containing specific group of elements selected from Mn, Co, La, Y, Sm, Gd, Pr, Ca, Cr, Ni, Mg, Zr, Ce, Fe, Al, Sc, Nd, Yb, Pb, Sr, Eu, Dy, Ba, Be such that specific equation is satisfied. The mixture is then baked.    USE -   For air pole of solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   As cerium oxide and manganese group particles of specific diameter are included, durability of air pole is raised.
NOVELTY - The structure includes a battery accommodation space (27) inside which a battery cell (23) consisting terminals (23a) on both ends is inserted. After accommodating the battery cell inside the battery accommodation space, the ends of the battery accommodation space are covered with a terminal cover (65) so as to airtight the battery accommodation space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the battery cooling method.    USE -   In electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the battery accommodation space is airtight, penetration of outer air or entry of water inside the battery accommodation space is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembled isometric view of the battery fixing structure. (23) Battery cell; (23a) Terminals; (27) Battery accommodation space; (65) Terminal cover.
A charge transport material comprises a compound of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV) or one of their polymers. R1 = alkyl or aryl with at least one R1 bearing -(O)nC(R11)=C(R12)R13; R11, R12, R13, R21, R22, R23, R31, R32, R33 = H or alkyl; n = 0 or 1; R2 = alkyl or aryl with at least one R2 bearing -OC(O)C(R21)=C(R22)R23; R3 = alkyl or aryl with at least one R3 bearing group of formula (i); R4 = alkyl or aryl with at least one R4 bearing -CC-CC-R41; R41 = H, alkyl or aryl.    Also claimed are photoconductive materials comprising the charge transport layers containing (I)-(IV) and their polymers, compounds of formula (I) and (II) and thin films of (I) and (II) and of polymers of (I) and (II).    USE -   The photoconductive materials are useful for recording and display materials and the charge transport materials for electroluminescent devices, secondary batteries and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE -   (I)-(IV) and their polymer have high charge transfer ability and often have the liquid crystal phase and bear a polymerisable group capable of preparing thin films in which mol. arrangement in the liquid crystal phase is fixed.
NOVELTY - The solution comprises bismuth antimonate of a general formula HSb1-x Bix O3-x nH2O, where x is 0-0.5 and n is 0-10. The solution contains bismuth liquefied in cubic antimonic acid.    USE -   As solid electrolyte in hydrogen gas sensor and hydrogen fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -    The solution has a high proton conductivity of about 10-3 Scm-1which is determined by the quantity of bismuth in the solution. The solution can be synthesized easily and economically.
NOVELTY - The vehicle has two accumulators (A1,A2) in series and a charge compensation circuit (LAE) for balancing the charge states of the accumulators with an arrangement (R,K) for detecting the charge compensation current flowing between the output (Aus) of the charge compensation device and the junction (V) of the accumulators and activating an optical signaling device (LED) depending on the magnitude of the current.    USE - For motor vehicles with two accumulators.    ADVANTAGE - Enables simple, cost-effective testing of the functionality of a charge compensation device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the circuit.    accumulators (A1,A2)    charge compensating arrangement) (LAE)    detector (R,K)    optical signaling device (LED)    .
NOVELTY - Two voltage ranges (U1,U2) are provided, between which the parallel-wired voltage converters lie. Only one of the voltage converters is designed as an active one and the other (n-1) converters corresponding to the necessary load demand work either in full-load or idle operation. The first converter or a further converter takes over the voltage control in part-load operation.    USE - Especially in multi-voltage supply network in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Increases the power of DC converters by controlled parallel operation of several individual converters.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The load distribution with a specified number of parallel converters takes place so that the converters work in full-load operation and deliver their maximum current at the output side. The other converter takes over a voltage control and covers the active and variable load range. The converter is in idle operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a modular parallel circuit of a number of converters.    voltage ranges (U1,U2)
NOVELTY - A procedure for the operation of a fuel cell has at least one operating medium heated up before introduction into the fuel cell with the help of solar energy. A liquid operating medium is heated up with the help of solar energy. A liquid oxidation medium is heated up with the help of solar energy and is pumped into the cathode chamber of the fuel cell.    USE - For use in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - A more efficient operation of the fuel cell than with the state-of-the-art.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a fuel cell and for use of the fuel cell in a car. The fuel cell has devices to heat up an operating medium before introduction into the fuel cell with the help of solar energy. Heating coils are provided as the devices which heat up an operating medium with solar energy before introduction into the fuel cell. For application to a car, the devices which heat up an operating medium with solar energy before introduction into the fuel cell are built into the car roof or engine hood.
NOVELTY - A battery (12) preferably is of a thin metal foil type and is set into a battery holding tray (32) secured to the starter motor by straps (16). The battery, the starter motor (14) and a starter solenoid (18) can be mounted on the starter motor, mounted in turn to an engine (23) through bores (25) in the starter motor bracket (22) using bolts (24). Padding material dampens engine and related vibration and a shield (56) protects the battery from road debris and from excessive heat    USE - Starting internal combustion engines    ADVANTAGE - Providing compact starter battery and starter motor assembly easily mounted in the engine compartment    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a perspective view of a battery coupled with a starter motor according to the present invention    Battery (12)    Battery holding tray (32)    Straps (16)    Starter motor (14)    Starter solenoid (18)    Engine (23)    Battery shield (56)
NOVELTY - A reformer reactor which liberates hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels including alcohol, with carbon dioxide, water, and carbon monoxide as by-products. The hydrogen produced by the reactor can be electrochemically combined with oxygen in a fuel cell to produce electric power.    USE - For use in producing hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbon fuels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reformer reactor for producing hydrogen gas from hydrocarbons comprises:    (a) a first zone;    (b) a second zone adjacent the first zone; and    (c) a flow path for directing flow of a reaction stream in diverging directions from the first zone into the second zone, the flow of the reaction stream continuing in the same general diverging directions through the second zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a view of a cylindrical reformer reactor in vertical cross section.    Reformer reactor (10)    First zone (18)    Second zone (20)    Third zone (22)    Fourth zone (24)    Partial oxidation vessel (34)    Partitions (28,30, and 32)
NOVELTY - A pretreatment process for catalyst materials, especially methanol reforming catalysts, comprises: (a) a forming step involving exposure to a hydrogen-containing gas mixture followed by; (b) a deactivation step involving exposure to an oxygen-containing gas mixture.    USE - For the pretreatment of catalysts with a tendency to shrink in the reactor, especially catalysts used in methanol reforming reactions, e.g. to obtain hydrogen in fuel cell-operated motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Pretreatment is repeated until there is no further shrinkage, so that no significant loss of catalyst volume/mass occurs during prolonged operation in the reactor. There is therefore no loss of reactor performance, no need to top up the catalyst level, no overheating due to reduced heat requirements in endothermic reactions and no flaking in catalyst layers.
NOVELTY - The vehicle has two high speed generators (3,4), the first driven by a gas turbine (1). Combustion gas from this drives an organic Rankine cycle turbine (2) and power from generator (3) passes to the intermediate DC circuit (7) (supplying the driving the motor) via a rectifier (5). The second generator (4) is driven by the turbine to feed energy to the intermediate DC circuit in a generator mode and is fed by the intermediate circuit) in a motor mode, and has a high moment of inertia. On acceleration the second generator or batteries supply the extra energy, and on braking energy is fed back from the driving motor to the intermediate DC circuit for storage by the second generator.    USE -   Hybrid gas turbine vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Vehicle requires fewer batteries for energy storage. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the hybrid vehicle arrangement.
NOVELTY - The operation of an auxiliary lamp is controlled based on the operation of a side marker lamp. The side marker lamp connecting terminal (8) of a five-volt power supply circuit (10) is considered as the input supply of the delay circuits (3,6), a latch circuit (1), an auxiliary lamp drive circuit (5), and a level converting circuit (7). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The auxiliary lamp output terminal (11) of the auxiliary lamp drive circuit is connected to the auxiliary lamp. A signal from the side marker lamp of a motor vehicle is branched to the side marker lamp connecting terminal and a ground terminal (9). The delay circuit (3) delays the increase in a source voltage input into the latch enable input (2) of the latch circuit. An inversion type buffer (4) is connected between the output of the latch circuit and the auxiliary lamp drive circuit. The output of the inversion type buffer is also connected to the input of the delay circuit (6) whose output is connected to the level converting circuit. The output of the level converting circuit is fed back to the input of the latch circuit.    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not need additional operation switch for auxiliary lamps, thus there is no need to form hole on the instrument panel beside the driver seat for the operation switch. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the auxiliary lamp starter. (1) Latch circuit; (2) Latch enable input; (3,6) Delay circuits; (4) Inversion type buffer; (5) Auxiliary lamp drive circuit; (7) Level converting circuit; (8) Side marker lamp connecting terminal; (9) Ground terminal; (10) Five-volt power supply circuit; (11) Auxiliary lamp output terminal.
NOVELTY - Between the surface (1a) of battery (1) and lead material (2), an organic insulation skin layer (6) such as silicon oil skin layer is provided and are welded by parallel type resistance welding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of welded construction object.    USE -   For batteries used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Has high welding strength that provides large industrial application. Since organic insulation layer is present, rupture is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partially notched sectional drawing of welded construction object. (1) Battery; (1a) Surface of battery; (2) Lead material; (6) Organic insulation skin layer.
NOVELTY - A thermistor (13) of the temperature detector (3) operates with the voltage of a stabilized low-output power supply (11). Based on the resistance value of the thermistor, the temperature detector monitors the temperature of a high-power battery (2b). A voltage detector (5) monitors the terminal voltage of the battery. The temperature detector and voltage detector are provided in one unit.    USE -   For detecting temperature and terminal voltage of battery for motor of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces size by providing temperature detector and voltage detector in one unit. Reduces generation of noise by insulating high-power group and low-power group. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the temperature and voltage detection unit. (2b) High-power battery; (3) Temperature detector; (5) Voltage detector; (11) Stabilized low-output power supply; (13) Thermistor.
NOVELTY - Heat exchange pipe (3) contacts a battery module (1) and a heat sink (5) so that heat generated in battery module is transferred to the heat sink through the heat exchange pipe. Cooling water path (7) penetrates thermal storage materials (6) such as paraffin inside the heat sink. Electrically driven pump (9) and radiator (10) are connected to cooling water path via a cooling water pipe (8). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Thermal storage material absorbs the heat transferred to the heat sink. Cooling water is passed through the cooling water path for absorbing the latent heat of the thermal storage material. Radiator releases the heat transferred to the cooling water to the outer air. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the battery temperature controlling method.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to control battery temperature efficiently. Achieves equalisation of skin temperature of battery module by increasing contact area of battery module and heat exchange pipe. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows composition of battery cooling system. (1) Battery module; (3) Heat exchange pipe; (5) Heat sink; (6) Thermal storage materials; (7) Cooling water path; (8) Cooling water pipe; (9) Pump; (10) Radiator.
NOVELTY - Expanding lubricative graphite sheet (5) is inserted in between a bolting board (1) and a battery laminate body (4). Bolting board consisting of metallic material is bound tightly with the battery laminate body via the graphite sheet by using a spring (7) and a bolting stud (8). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery laminate body has multiple flat cells (2) equipped with the electrode layer and two support electrodes laminated on a cooling plate (3).    USE -   For laminated fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to tightly hold battery laminate body by compact and cheap bolting member. Prevents damage of battery even when heat is generated by repeated power generation and thereby enables to operate battery safely. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fragmentary sectional view of the bolting composition of the laminated fuel battery. (1) Bolting board; (2) Flat cells; (3) Cooling plate; (4) Laminate body; (5) Graphite sheet; (7) Spring; (8) Bolting stud.
NOVELTY - Drain valve (6) is connected to an emission port (21) arranged in lowest portion of the fuel battery through an exhaust outlet (211) and a flow path (5). A float (61) which opens and closes exhaust port (62) is arranged in lower portion of drain valve. The float undersurface is arranged underneath the position of exhaust outlet and drain valve is arranged near the wheel of vehicle.    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to drain condensed water from fuel battery easily and efficiently from lower part of vehicle. Enables to mount fuel battery easily on vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional side view of fuel battery and drain valve. (5) Flow path; (6) Drain valve; (21) Emission port; (61) Float; (62) Exhaust port; (211) Exhaust outlet.
NOVELTY - The cathode has cathode active material mixed with fluoride of thiolignin which substitutes fluorine in the aromatic nucleus or in the side chain part of thiolignin.    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves stability and durability of battery at high temperature for long time by using shrink-proof cathode active material.
NOVELTY - Circumferential side wall of battery cover covering upper portion of external frame accommodated with battery, is joined to a flange in inclined manner. The moulding between side wall and lateral surface of flange is carried out in inclined way, using a sealant inbetween and a clip.    USE -   For accommodating batteries in electrical vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Interference with flange of battery frame top circumference and floor frame is avoided, thus improvement in battery mounting workability is attained. As resin sealant is provided between floor frame and external frame, fastener is not needed during mounting to car body, thus mounting is performed easily. Water resistance property of frame structure is improved as the joint is coated with resin sealant. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of battery frame structure. External frame; Flange; Battery cover; Circumferential side wall; Clip; Sealant.
NOVELTY - The lamination structure seal unit is different from that of the electrolyte unit. A spacer (22) with thickness equal to that of the sealing unit frame is made to contact an electrolyte board.An electrolyte board is interposed between an anode and a cathode provided in the electrolyte unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A sealing unit by multilayer frame to seal a fuel gas supplied to an electrolyte unit and an oxidizing agent gas. The fuel gas and the oxidizing agent gas are separated by a partition plate (3). The electrolyte unit and the seal unit are formed by an identical material.A gas passage way formation member is provided with the electrolyte unit.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enhances life of battery. Reduces size of battery to reduce cost of battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures shows vertical side view of fuel battery. (3) Partition plate; (22) Spacer.
NOVELTY - The polycrystalline material which is oxide ion conductor has triclinic crystal structure. The nuclear composition is Bi46(V8-8xAs8xO89 (0x1). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the polycrystalline material.    USE -   Used for fuel battery, oxygen-pump sensor and electrolytic sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the polycrystalline material has many oxides, it has outstanding oxide ionic conduction.
NOVELTY - The problem of liquid electrolyte flammability in lithium secondary batteries is overcome by using a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte having such a ratio of its ion nonconductive/lithium ion conductive solvents that the electrolyte has no flash point in the JIS-K2265 test.    USE - In electric cars or power storage systems utilizing lithium secondary batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hazards such as explosion, ignition and smoke emission due to heating, overcharging and short circuits are avoided as battery is nonflammable even at high temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lithium secondary battery (1) comprises positive and negative electrodes, a separator and a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte having an electrical conductivity of at least 0.05 mS/cm and no JIS-K2265 test flash point. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM (2) is also included for a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte for lithium secondary batteries comprising an ion nonconductive solvent and a lithium ion conductive solvent and having an electrical conductivity of at least 0.1 mS/cm and no JIS- K2265 test flash point.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the vertical cross-section of a cylindrical lithium secondary battery.    negative electrode active substance (9)    positive electrode active substance (10)    separator (11)
NOVELTY - A lithium secondary battery comprises positive and negative electrodes and an electrolyte. One or both electrodes has an active material comprising an amorphous phase containing one or more of cobalt, nickel, manganese and iron and gives 2theta x-ray diffraction peaks with a half-width of at least 0.48degrees.    USE - As a lithium secondary battery (claimed) for electric vehicles and portable equipment such as computers, phones, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Increases in electrode impedance caused by expansion and contraction of active material upon repeated charge/discharge are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM also included for a method of manufacturing the battery above in which the amorphous phase is prepared by imparting physical energy to a crystalline material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A change from crystalline to amorphous phase is shown.
NOVELTY - The current tapping arrangement has a waste heat oven (3) and a current generating gas turbine (4) which can be used to generate electric current from the exhaust gases of a motor car engine.    USE - For motor cars.    ADVANTAGE - Enables electric current to be generated from the exhaust gases of a motor car engine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of the arrangement.    Exhaust gas system (1);    Cooled exhaust gas pipe (2);    Waste heat oven (3);    Current generating turbine (4);    Inlet for air to be heated (5).
NOVELTY - The method involves indirectly measuring the temp. of at least one battery (13,18) in a motor vehicle on-board network by determining the temp. of defined components. The temp. of the battery is computed using a model in which at least the engine temp. and the ambient temp. are taken into account. The model is set up using fuzzy logic, whereby the engine and ambient temp. values are defined as fuzzy variables, evaluated and included in a suitable combination matrix from which the battery temp. is derived.    USE - For determining the temp. of a motor vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE - More accurate determination of the battery temp. is achieved than with conventional methods.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a controller for determining the temp. of a motor vehicle battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a typical two-battery vehicle on-board network, for which the method can be used.    on-board network battery (13)    starter battery (18)    on-board network controller (16)    generator (11)    engine controller (21a)    .
NOVELTY - A connector element, comprising a metal core with an electrically conductive nonmetallic surface layer, is new.    USE - In a high temperature fuel cell (claimed), especially as a bipolar plate in a fuel cell for mobile applications, e.g. in an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The connector element consists of inexpensive materials, is lightweight and flexible, has a permanently high electrical conductivity and is simple to produce.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The layer consists of carbon and/or electrically conductive ceramic, especially a boride, nitride or carbide ceramic.
NOVELTY - A separator for a lead-acid battery comprises a non-woven mat of thermally bonded melt blown thermoplastic polymer fibers, at least 10 % of which have a diameter of less than one micron. The mat pore size is less than three microns.    USE - As a battery separator, especially for lead-acid batteries (claimed) of SLI and industrial types    ADVANTAGE - The separators have a low resistance, less than 50 mohm-cm2 and a puncture resistance of more than 8N.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of forming the separator above comprising melting the thermoplastic polymer resin at 200-320 degrees C, extruding through die openings at 0.1-2 g/hole/minute, attenuating the filaments formed with a hot air stream at 170-400 degrees C and a flow rate of 300-800 scfm to form fibers having an average diameter of 0.5-3 microns. These are then deposited as a non-woven mat on a moving conveyor at a die-to-collector distance of 20-130 cm and the mat is optionally compressed.
NOVELTY - Electricity is generated in a fuel battery (10) by electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. During electricity generation, vapor is supplied to turbine (6). Generated electricity runs a motor (3) that drives a shaft (8) of turbine.    USE -   For air borne, propeller, turbine, turbo shaft engine, machine actuation, industrial turbine engine.    ADVANTAGE -   Combustion stroke is eliminated as fuel battery generates electricity hence generation of carbondioxide is reduced and nitrogen oxide formation is prevented. Fuel battery is installed in combustor hence weight is reduced and size is also reduced. Electricity generation efficiency is raised as energy of vapor is also used. Turbine is actuatable by motor hence rating is set which sets low fuel consumption. Electric motor is used as engine starter and propeller is easily reversible by changing electric circuit. Efficiency of electricity generation is raised by supplying compressed air to fuel battery. Structure is made simple as separate reaction chamber for fossil fuel is abolished. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional diagram of fuel battery type turbine engine. (3) Electric motor; (6) High pressure turbine; (8) High pressure shaft; (10) Fuel battery.
NOVELTY - An energy supply system may receive input from such as wind and solar energy collectors, with the energy being stored in some form of accumulator or battery. An optimum condition is obtained by operating the system with an energy management system that uses the rate of change of condition of the storage units. When the rate of change value exceeds a critical value switch over to another unit is made and the initial one switched to charge mode    USE - Solar and wind powered equipment. For traffic or transport means e.g. electric vehicles, boats and aircraft, for autonomous illumination device or traffic warning or routing devices, for mobile or stationary measuring or monitoring devices used e.g. for oceanographic research.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids battery overload
NOVELTY - Active material for the positive electrode of an alkaline storage battery comprises nickel oxide or hydroxide powder with a coating layer of nickel hydroxide containing aluminum in the form of a solid solution and-or a co-precipitate.    USE - For positive electrodes in alkaline storage batteries. For mobile communication devices, for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Presence of the aluminum in the coating layer in solid solution or co-precipitate form provides high packing density, high charging efficiency at high temperatures and/or excellent charge and discharge characteristics, as well as improving the battery discharge voltage and high rate discharge performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Active material for the positive electrode of an alkaline storage battery comprises a powder of metal oxide or hydroxide with nickel as the main metal component, and a coating layer of alpha-like nickel hydroxide containing aluminum as a solid solution or a co-precipitate formed on the powder surface. The aluminum content is preferably 10-40 atom% on total of aluminum and nickel in the coating layer. The particles preferably include an additional coating layer of cobalt oxide.
NOVELTY - The device (10) includes an eccentric rotor (20) rotatably mounted to a base (12) via a shaft (18), the rotor having an aperture (22) in it which is substantially larger than the shaft, so that the rotor is able to rotate at speed away from the shaft, as well as move longitudinally perpendicular to the axis of rotation. An electric drive motor (32) drives the rotor through a stretchable, flexible belt (42). As centrifugal force rotates the rotor toward a longitudinal standing position away from the shaft and motor, and as the belt is stretched, the increased belt tension pulls the motor towards the rotor, producing a resulting linear motion of the base in a desired direction.    USE - For converting the application of centrifugal force to a controlled imbalanced rotation into linear motion for powering a vehicle driven e.g. by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor. Can be used for a sled, a boat or a vehicle for moving through air or space or underwater.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a versatile propulsion system that can be used in a wide variety of applications and can replace more complex mechanisms which achieve propulsion through less efficient interfaces with the external environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The aperture in the rotor has a cross-sectional area at least three times as large as the cross-sectional area of a constraint member attached to a frame of the device. Speed of the battery powered (40) electric motor is controlled by a rheostat or potentiometer (38), and a drive pulley (36) delivers motor power to the drive belt.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the centrifugal force propulsion device.    centrifugal force propulsion device (10)    base (12)    shaft (18)    rotor (20)    aperture (22)    roller member (24)    stop member (26)    support member (30)    motor (32)    rheostat (38)    battery (40)
NOVELTY - A cooling fan (3) is provided at the side of a secondary battery (2). The cooling wind is blasted towards downstream side by the fan for cooling the battery.    USE -   For cooling battery in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The noise of the cooling fan is not heard by the passenger since the secondary battery functions as a sound insulation wall. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model diagram of the mounting state of the battery cooling system on the vehicle. (2) Secondary battery; (3) Cooling fan.
A non-aqueous electrolytic solution type secondary battery consists of: (a) a positive electrode using a material electrochemically absorbing and releasing lithium; (b) a negative electrode using a material electrochemically absorbing and releasing lithium; and (c) a non-aqueous electrolytic solution formed by dissolving lithium salt serving as an electrolyte with a non-aqueous solvent. The non-aqueous solvent consists of a mixture consisting of at least two substances selected from a cyclic ester, and a chain ester. At least one substance contains fluorine in a molecule. The other ester contains at least one element selected from chlorine and bromine.    USE -   The non-aqueous electrolytic solution type secondary battery is used in a hybrid car, or a solar system.    ADVANTAGE -   chlorination or bromination is provided to the electrolytic solution The result exerts fire retardancy and self-extinguishment to depress the development of a gas due to electrolysis. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution type secondary battery has high safety and stable operation.
NOVELTY - The floodlight (1) mounted on the industrial vehicle is illuminated by power supply through a switch (18). The switch is connected to a battery (13) and an invertor (10). When the industrial vehicle is not moving, power is supplied from commercial power supply through the invertor.    USE -   For floodlight mounted on industrial machine such as high altitude cranes.    ADVANTAGE -   High illuminance is performed by floodlight which is sufficient for night time work. The electric transmission cord which transmits electricity to floodlight does not get heated. As the invertor is small and light weight it is accommodated in free spacer of vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of the electric circuit of floodlight mounted industrial crane. (1) Floodlight; (10) Invertor; (13) Battery; (18) Switch.
NOVELTY - The reaction gas containing hydrogen gas, carbon monoxide (CO) gas and water vapor is supplied to the flow path and a heat carrier oil is supplied to the tube with a fin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gas flow path (1) of a reactor is filled with tubes with fins (2). A layer of catalyst (3) covers the fins.    USE -   For solid polymeric type fuel batteries, motor vehicles, etc to remove carbon monoxide as carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE -   The circulation system of the heat carrier oil is not influenced by the battery load fluctuation. The temperature of the reactor is made uniform and the concentration of the carbon monoxide gas supplied to the anode is reduced. Only a less amount of catalyst is required and the efficiency of the catalyst is also increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of the CO removal device. (1) Gas flow path; (2) Tube with fin; (3) Catalyst.
NOVELTY - A charge pump (24), acting as an nth order voltage multiplier, increases the voltage available and continuously charge a capacitor (C2) to a level above the B+ supply voltage, enabling the stored energy of the capacitor to be boosted. The charged capacitor is selectively coupled to a voltage regulator (10) to maintain a constant regulator input voltage when the regulator input voltage falls to a predetermined level as a result of supply interruptions,    USE - A voltage supply circuit of the type which uses a capacitor to hold a charge for use in maintaining the supply during temporary supply interruptions. For electronic servo braking systems in vehicles, vehicle antilocking braking systems, vehicle engine management systems, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The physical size of the capacitor used in the ECU is smaller for a given performance, more easy to house securely and therefore more robust. The system is more capable of dealing with supply interruptions when an electrolytic capacitor of the same type is used. The rated working voltage and operating voltage of the capacitor can be equal, thus utilizing the maximum storage capability of the capacitor and does not experience Zener diode clamp voltage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Voltage regulator (10)    Charge pump (24)    Battery supply voltage (B+)    Capacitor (C2)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack has a number of fuel cells (14) held between separators (16,18). The stack of cells are held between a pair of end plates (58,60). Against one of the end plates is a liquid chamber (62). This is filled with a silicone oil (64). At the wall at the other end, a spring force (66) is applied to press the fuel cells towards the oil filled chamber.    USE - Fuel cell retaining structure.    ADVANTAGE - Provides the correct pressure on the fuel cells with a simple and inexpensive structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The spring is a pair of disk springs retained by a plate (88) with overall pressure set by the adjustment of the retaining nuts (90).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Fuel cell stack.    Fuel cell (14)    Cell separator (16,18)    Outer retaining walls (58,60)    Oil filled pressure chamber (62)    Disk springs (66)    Retaining nuts (90)
NOVELTY - The bipolar plate consists of stainless steel with locally limited regions of its surface coated with a rare metal. The stainless steel is enriched with the rare metal in the locally limited regions. The element is made by forming a connecting element from stainless steel by embossing or mechanical processing, applying rare metal to points on the element and subjecting the stainless steel with applied rare metal to heat treatment in which the rare metal partially diffuses into the stainless steel.    USE - For use as a connecting element for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The element is cost-effective and only requires a little rare metal in comparison to conventional elements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of producing a bipolar plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - No drawings.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell hydrogen supply system comprises an electrochemical cell which generates hydrogen and current for the entire system.    USE - For fuel cells used in mobile applications.    ADVANTAGE - The system allows use of smaller fuel cells, generates hydrogen on demand and produces very pure hydrogen, thus eliminating the combustion and explosion risks of hydrogen tanks and the space requirement, high cost and fuel cell poison formation disadvantages of methanol reformers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The cell reactions products are precipitated by a reducing agent in an external or internal regeneration system or are re-utilized in another way. Top-up arrangements are provided for the material, used for hydrogen recovery by reduction, and for solvent used to dilute the electrolyte.
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises an array of cells, where the cathode of one cell shares its conductive element with the anode of an adjacent cell, thus establishing electrical connection between the cells.    USE - For the production of hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, or the generation of electricity using a fuel gas or liquid mixture and an oxidizer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell is lightweight, has improved power density, and has a modular construction, so that it can be configured to meet the power requirements of specific applications. Fewer moving parts reduce maintenance and avoid breakdowns.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for:    (a) a low pressure gas electrode comprising an electroconductive substrate with openings encompassing 10-90% of its total area, and an electrocatalyst layer bound to the substrate via an electroconductive porous material consisting of conductive and binding components;    (b) a dual electrode structure composed of two of the above electrodes sharing the same substrate;    (c) a fuel cell stack consisting of multiple dual electrode structures; and    (d) the manufacture of a gas diffusion electrode by sonicating a mixture of carbon powder and polymer electrolyte suspension to form a dispersion, then coating this paste on a foil grid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing a cross-section of a cell stack.    metal frames (30)    openings (32,34)    terminal cell frame (36)    curved bipolar cell frame (38)
NOVELTY - The mower includes a removable battery tray (100) which fits over the frame of the mower during operation, and can be removed by a hoist (115) in order for the mower to continue to operate with another charged set of batteries (91-98). The tray also has a central power plug that is used for charging.    USE - The mower is esp. for use on a golf course for cutting the grass on the greens.    ADVANTAGE - The mower has an increased range. The entire battery set can be quickly and efficiently replaced with a charged battery set in another tray. The single, detachable plug enables all the batteries to be recharged at once.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the removable battery tray.    set of batteries (91-98)    removable battery tray (100)    hoist (115)
NOVELTY - The electrolytic film formed on the surface of a fuel pole (13), is removed by purging water components on the surface of the fuel pole.    USE -   For fuel battery pole.    ADVANTAGE -   Effective surface area of the fuel pole can be increased. Recovery of fuel battery is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of fuel battery. (13) Fuel pole.
NOVELTY - Armoured can (2) having a multilayered structure, gas cut off property and rigidity is used as the container for non-aqueous electrolyte batteries.    USE -   For non-aqueous electrolyte batteries such as lithium ion secondary batteries used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Water components and traces of gas occurring in the battery are absorbable. Generation of distortion accompanied by contraction is prevented. Reduction of rechargeability in the case of charging and discharging is also prevented. The armoured can reduces the weight of the battery and recycling can be done.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the non-aqueous electrolyte battery contained in the armoured can. (2) Armoured can.
NOVELTY - The supplied hydrocarbon gas is heated to preset temperature using heaters (25A, 25B). Converter (22) and desulfurizer (21) of rectangular shape include catalysts (26, 27) to control carbon monoxide and desulfurization, respectively. A heat exchanger (23) placed on top of converter and desulfurizer heats the hydrocarbon gas by using heat of the carbon monoxide reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cooler (24) is included in the converter. The clearance of the plate-shaped exchanger for allowing flow of gas is 5 times greater than the diameter of the converter catalyst particle. A heat insulating casing (28) protects the whole system. The gas from the converter is branched and flows through the circulation circuit which includes an orifice for adjusting the rate of gas flow.    USE -   For supply of processed fuel to battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Because of the heat exchanger and heater, the gas can be heated efficiently within a compact spacer. The system performs the desulfurization and carbon monoxide conversion stably. The casing protects and insulates the whole system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a cross-sectional view of fuel processing system. (21) Desulfurizer; (22) Converter; (23) Heat exchanger; (24) Cooler; (25A, 25B) Heaters; (26, 27) Catalysts; (28) Heat insulating casing.
NOVELTY - A small-sized generator (2) is mounted to generate an electric power to rotate a propulsion motor (1) that runs a electric vehicle.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Can be driven regardless of running range. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the electric vehicle. (1) Propulsion motor; (2) Small-sized generator.
NOVELTY - An electric motor (5) having winding wire coated with an insulator, actuates a fan (3) which blasts air into a secondary battery (2). The battery, fan and the motor are accommodated in a case (6) having an inlet (7) and outlet (8) for air. A partition (9) isolates the battery and fan, and the electric motor.    USE -   For electric vehicle e.g. hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Air blown by fan reduces the heat generated in the secondary battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of battery apparatus. (2) Secondary battery; (3) Fan; (5) Electric motor; (6) Case; (7) Inlet; (8) Outlet; (9) Partition.
NOVELTY - The battery has a anode (2) and a cathode (1) of composition Lix MO2 (M is Co, Ni, Mn, Cr, Fe, V and Al; and x = 0.4-1.1) with non-aqueous electrolyte. The electrode parameters such as the battery volume and the electrode reaction area are set as 0.016 cm3 and 0.032 cm2or less, respectively.    USE -   Used for hybrid motor vehicle and for power supply for starting engine.    ADVANTAGE -   Since internal resistance is low, the energy efficiency of discharging and charging is very high, with high output. The joule heat accompanied by discharging and charging is small making the heat release process easier. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the non-electrolyte secondary battery. (1) Cathode; (2) Anode.
NOVELTY - Multiple sodium sulfur batteries (1) are arranged longitudinally in a heat insulation container (2). The container has top and bottom walls (23,22) which have larger heat transfer rate than the side walls (21). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the operating method of the battery module.    USE -   For power storage, electric vehicle etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature distribution between the batteries is made uniform and capacitive reduction due to temperature imbalance and internal current are reduced. The life of the battery is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows composition of battery module. (1) Sodium sulfur batteries; (2) Container; (21) Side walls; (22) Bottom wall; (23) Top wall.
NOVELTY - The charging of a heat insulation container (2) which accommodates several sodium secondary batteries (1), or heat transfer rate during standby is adjusted based on the next discharge schedule. The adjustment is performed such that the temperature of the battery prior to the secondary discharge initiation is almost in agreement with that prior to primary discharge initiation.    USE -   For controlling the operation of a high temperature sodium secondary battery which uses sulphur, selenium, tellurium or metal halide as negative halide, used for electric power storage in an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   When the operating method is used for a sodium secondary battery used in an electric power storage apparatus for peak shift or reserve force power supplies, energy required for temperature retaining of module is reduced and efficiency is improved. Imbalance of discharge current can be restrained and lifespan reduction, capacity and efficiency reduction of battery can be prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sodium secondary battery module. (1) Sodium secondary batteries; (2) Heat insulation container.
NOVELTY - The beta alumina sintered compact used as a solid electrolyte enveloping tube (1) has an outer diameter of 1.3-2.5 mm, thickness of 55-90 mm and length 550-1100 mm.    USE -   Is used as power systems like emergency power sources, uninterruptible power source, frequency and voltage stabilizers for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers high efficiency and large scale dependability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the sodium sulfur battery. (1) Solid electrolyte enveloping tube.
NOVELTY - A separator (4) is mounted at bottom of cell to obtain a cell unit into which electrolyte is impregnated several such cell units are laminated to obtain stack.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The cell unit without wet, crack, etc., is obtained, hence perfect forming stack. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of cell unit. (4) Separator.
NOVELTY - The carbon board (31) is composed of 2 or more kinds of carbon fibers of different heat expansion rates and different lengths.    USE -   Used for electrodes and electrolyte storage plate of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improved reaction gaseous diffusion property, electrolyte storage property and mechanical strength characteristic so improving life period of fuel battery. Improves thermal conductivity so suppressing temperature rise difference between unit batteries to improve electricity generation efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the diagram explaining lamination of carbon substrate on separator. (31) Carbon board.
NOVELTY -Mesh sheet having rolling rate of about 86.7% or more is used to expand a lead-calcium-tin alloy sheet of 2- 3mm thickness.    USE -   For expanding anode board for cathode absorption type airtight lead storage battery for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves mechanical strength, thus improving elongation of anode board. Intergranular corrosion of the lattice object is reduced, thus improving life span. Avoids breakage of the mesh, enabling easier handling.
NOVELTY - The mean particle diameter of a powder used as the raw material of an anode board is 1-10 m. The powder contains 10-30 wt.% lead monoxide and an electrically conductive agent which is either lead powder or carbon powder.    USE -   For lead storage batteries used in uninterrupted power supplies or motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers lead storage battery of excellent durability.
NOVELTY - About 0.01-0.07 wt% of lignin compound is added in mixed powder of lead and plumbic acid compound.    USE -   For lead storage battery used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   By adding predetermined amount of lignin compound, charging and discharging characteristics are improved and hence increases life period of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure depicts graphical representation explaining relationship of additional amount of lignin compound and discharge cycle life characteristics.
NOVELTY - A hole is integrally formed on the electricity extraction portion (1c) which is protruded from the edge portion of the separator (3) of whorl electrode object (4). The penetration portion (6a) of the U-shaped metal piece (6) is inserted into the hole and the metal piece is connected with the electricity extraction portion.    USE -   For cylindrical battery such as nickel-cadmium battery, nickel-hydrogen battery and lithium cell used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Even when the size of the battery is increased, the internal resistance of the battery can be reduced greatly. The productivity and the dependability of the battery is improved greatly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents perspective view of production process of battery. (1c) Extraction portion; (3) Separator; (4) Whorl electrode object; (6) U-shaped metal piece; (6a) Penetration portion.
NOVELTY - Several through holes are provided around the circumference of a metallic thin plate (2) placed in a mold cavity. Silicone resin (6) is injected into the cavity from one side via through-hole (3), to obtain the silicone metal composite. The thickness of silicone layer is 0.05-1.0 mm with hardness ranging in-between 40-70.    USE -   Used as separator of fuel battery (claimed) also used as electronic component, packing material and spacer.    ADVANTAGE -   The excellent and efficient manufacturing method produces size-reduced product with high productivity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional outline of metal composite. (2) Metallic thin plate; ; (3) Through-hole; ; (6) Silicone resin.
NOVELTY - The lattice object of negative electrode of the battery is made larger than that of the positive electrode.    USE -   For lead storage battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery has high durability, good discharge cycle and stable output characteristics.
NOVELTY - The plate of lead storage battery filled with collector consists of gratings with active material. Negative electrode grating division area is small compared with positive electrode grating division area.    USE -   For lead storage battery for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers lead storage battery excelling in high discharge life cycle, since negative electrode grating division area is small compared with positive electrode grating division area.
NOVELTY - An arch-like rubber tube (22) containing the braided wire, extended between connecting terminals (10) of batteries (B) arranged in parallel, is formed by metallic molding. A covering material (20) is attached around the terminal. The so formed structure is fitted to battery posts (P).    USE -   For parallel connection establishment of batteries in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As the flexible splicer is beforehand molded in the form of arch corresponding to connecting terminal, the changing of cover and terminal is no more required. The reliable cover offers water proofness. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional diagram of terminal connection structure. (10) Connecting terminals; (20) Covering material; (22) Arch-like rubber tube; (B) Batteries; (P) Battery posts.
NOVELTY - A solid electrolyte fuel battery (16) is additionally installed to the power system, to repower the thermal plant. The high temperature waste gas of battery is supplied to boiler (1), through gas feed water heater (15).    USE -   For thermal power plants.    ADVANTAGE -   High plant efficiency is attained and achieves reduction of installation space with small sized battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory view of auxiliary power supply apparatus. (1) Boiler; (15) Gas feed water heater; (16) Solid electrolyte fuel battery.
NOVELTY - A voltage sensor (70) detects the voltage across the battery. A relay (76) is turned off by a relay control unit (86), when the voltage across the batteries reaches a specific discharge stopping threshold value. The discharge stoppage threshold value is set up based on charge across battery which is sufficient to start the engine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A charging request unit generates a charging request for the battery when the charge across the battery reaches a specific charging request threshold value.    USE -   For secondary batteries used in hybrid motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents over discharging of battery which inturn prevents starting of the motor, as discharge stoppage threshold value is set based on the charge of batteries that is sufficient to start the engine. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents block diagram of charging controller used in secondary batteries. (70) voltage sensor; (76) Relay; (86) Relay control unit.
NOVELTY - The battery (11) supplies power to a load (2) through sensor (13). The microcomputer (23) which on receiving the power, outputs a mode switching signal to a switching unit (15) which inturn decides whether a judging unit (14) is in usual operation mode or in power saving mode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - If the judging unit is in usual operation mode, the remnant charge of the battery calculated based on the output of the sensor, is displayed otherwise, display is not performed.    USE -   For electric bicycle, electric vehicle, electrically driven drill, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Power saving is achieved as operation is switched according to remnant charge. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the remnant charge detector. (2) Load; (11) Battery; (13) Sensor; (14) Judging unit; (15) Switching unit; (23) Microcomputer.
NOVELTY - Active material (3) existing near the center (2) of an electrode lattice (2) is replaced with filler (4). The filler has density lower than active material.    USE -   For airtight lead storage battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces weight by 7-10% by using filler material of lower density. Offers high discharge characteristics. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model drawing of anode plate. (2) Electrode lattice; (3) Active material; (4) Filler.
NOVELTY - An end of a welding electrode (8) has two-step cone trapezium structure. The bottom corner () of the longitudinal cross-section of the cone trapezium (7') is 5-20 . The diameter (D) at the end of the cone trapezium (7) is 60- 80% of diameter (D') of a through-hole (5) of a partition (4).    USE -   For piercing welding of electric poles of lead storage battery in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The defect of the welding portion during welding of an electric-pole through partition is suppressed by simple technique. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the electrode for piecing welding and the partition. (4) Partition; (5) Through-hole; (7,7') Cone trapezium; (D) Diameter of end of cone trapezium; (D') Diameter of through hole.
NOVELTY - Several batteries (2) are connected serially and arranged in rows in a battery box (1). The anode of the battery (21) is connected to a main contact (7) of the electrical connection box (4) while the cathode of the battery (226) is connected to the other contact (8) in the connection box.    USE -   In electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies cable wiring and connection operation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the battery case explaining its connection with the electrical connection box. (1) Battery box; (2) Batteries; (4) Electrical connection box; (7) Main contact(8) Contact.
NOVELTY - Net-like resin molded sheets (22,24) covers the openings (12,14) in the case (10). The sheets and the inner surface of the case are covered by a conductive film.    USE -   For battery case used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The leakage of EM wave from the case to outside is prevented as inner surface and net-like sheet are covered by conductive film. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the battery case with electromagnetic shielding structure. (10) Case; (12,14) Openings; (22,24) Net-like resin molded sheets.
NOVELTY - The case has a tubular body (1) provided with a cover (2). The cover has a notch (2b) at its edge, that fits to the inner surface of an aperture edge (1a) in the tubular body. The connection of the cover and tubular body, both of which consist of aluminum alloy, is laser welded. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of assembling the case for airtight battery.    USE -   For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures flawless welding as the notch in the cover fits into the mainbody aperture edge. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the magnified sectional view of the connection of the case body and cover. (1) Tubular body; (1a) Aperture edge; (2) Cover; (2b) Notch.
NOVELTY - The unit is heated from a cold start. In a first phase, at pressure below normal working level, POX (partial oxidation of hydrocarbon) operation of the reformer (1) is initiated.    USE - To start up a reformer producing hydrogen from methanol, to feed fuel cells of an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The plant reaches its running temperature as rapidly as possible, and at little cost. Hydrogen is produced early and introduced in the fuel cells for fast getaway.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Resultant gas is passed via the hydrogen separation stage (4) in the catalytic burner (11a, 11b, 11c) for catalytic combustion there, with oxidant gas. In the second phase the reformer is changed over to reforming duty. The pressure is raised to normal working pressure.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the corresponding reformer plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The schematic flow diagram of the reformer unit is presented.    Reformer (1)    Evaporator (2)    Hydrogen separation stage (4)    Intermediate feed line (5, 21)    Membrane (6)    Catalytic burner (11a, 11b, 11c)    Fuel feed line (12, 13)
NOVELTY - A high temperature fuel cell (2) has two elements (4, 6) joined together by joint layer (10) including a metal solder layer (14).    USE - As a high temperature fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Compared with a conventional glass-solder joint, the solder joint has a higher tensile strength (100-200 N/mm2 or more), exhibits good absorption of mechanical stresses, is almost completely resistant to the fuel cell reagents, is insensitive to differential pressures of up to 200 mbar and is resistant to ejection from the joint region, thus allowing long term fuel cell operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a high temperature fuel stack of conductor plates with intervening electrolyte, each pair of adjacent conductor plates forming a fuel cell as described above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the joint region of a high temperature fuel cell.    fuel cell (2)    metallic conductor plates (4, 6)    joint (8)    joint layer (10)    solder layer (14)    ceramic or glass-ceramic layer (16)
NOVELTY - The apparatus uses fuel cells with proton-conducting electrolytes and integrated hydrogen gas production the fuel cells each have an opening which form the hydrogen distribution channel over which the hydrogen gas distribution is provided into individual fuel cells. A tension rod for holding the fuel cells together in the fuel cell stack is also arranged in the openings.    USE - For converting energy using fuel cells (1) with proton-conducting electrolytes and with integrated hydrogen gas production.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified apparatus for the production of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus for converting energy using fuel cells (1) with proton-conducting electrolytes and with integrated hydrogen gas production comprises a reaction chamber (2), in which hydrogen gas is produced through the reaction of water (8) with one or more hydrides (6). The gas is then transferred into a hydrogen distribution channel (14) of a fuel cell stack (15). The fuel cells (1) each have an opening (18) which forms the hydrogen distribution channel (14) and over which the hydrogen gas distribution is provided into individual fuel cells. A tension rod (19) for holding the fuel cells together in the fuel cell stack (15) is also arranged in the openings (18).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a the process for producing hydrogen gas in the apparatus converting energy using fuel cells (1) with proton-conducting electrolytes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the apparatus for converting energy.    fuel cells (1)    reaction chamber (2)    ventilator (3)    fuel cell stack (15)    tension rod (19)
NOVELTY - An automobile engine system comprising an engine driven by supplying a water electrolytic gas, water and an exhaust gas after combustion into a combustion chamber, a generator motor started by power supply from a storage battery, and a water electrolytic gas generating device adapted to make use of an electric power from the generator motor at start-up.    USE - None given.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An automobile engine system which comprises an engine (1) driven by supplying a water electrolytic gas, water and an exhaust gas after combustion into a combustion chamber (2), a generator motor (11) started by power supply from a storage battery (10), and a water electrolytic gas generating device (5) adapted to make use of an electric power from the generator motor at start-up and to perform water electrolysis making use of an electric power from the generator motor and a generator (42) driven by the engine after the running of the engine. Accordingly, as compared with conventional engines, in which air is taken into a combustion chamber, it is possible to reduce generation of oxides of nitrogen and to generate a water electrolytic gas being a fuel, with a small amount of electric power and high efficiency, so that an automobile engine system can be obtained which does not use any fossil fuel and which is centered around water free of environmental pollution and low in running cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an automobile engine system.    Engine (1)    Combustion chamber (2)    A water electrolytic gas generating device (5)    A storage battery (10)    A generator motor (11)    A generator (42)
NOVELTY - The system has at least one rod (14) with a light (16) at each end and a mounting clip (15) with which the rod can be removable secured to the front or rear of the bicycle. Left (42) and right (44) push button switches are removably mounted on the left and right handle bars, respectively, that are connected to the lights via a control unit (50) that has a bridge rectifier connected in parallel with a wheel driven generator and a battery.    USE - For retrofitting onto a bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - Easy and economical to manufacture and market. Durable and reliable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A perspective view of the turning indicator light system mounted on a bicycle.    Rod (14)    Mounting clip (15)    Light (16)    Switches (42,44)    Control unit (50)
NOVELTY - Schmitt triggers (86,80) measure inductor voltage and output voltage respectively and are connected to AND gates (50,58) correspondingly. Inductor cycling switch is enabled or disabled by AND gate, when measured output voltage and inductor voltage are less than or greater than voltage threshold which defines predefined hysteresis levels of Schmitt trigger respectively.    USE - In automotive electronics applications for controlling items like lamps, automatic door locks and windows.    ADVANTAGE - Since inductor of small capacity is used, inductor cycling switch operates at high speed, thereby prevents dropping of current to zero. Since small amount of hysteresis is introduced in this system by using Schmitt trigger, unwanted noise and other electrical emissions are decreased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An inductor (12) connected to direct current source (14) is also connected to D type flip-flop (32) to control the current flow from inductor to output load capacitor (16).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of voltage boost circuit.    Inductor (12)    Direct current source (14)    Output load capacitor (16)    D-type flip-flop (32)    AND gates (50,58)    Schmitt triggers (80,86)
NOVELTY - Two positive and negative battery terminals (26,28) are formed on the battery (20). The shape of the terminals are in the form of positive and negative sign, respectively, when viewed along axis extending from battery.    USE - For combined batteries and jumper cable used in electrical system in car.    ADVANTAGE - Since the shape of positive and negative battery terminals are made in the form of positive and negative sign and since the ends of the positive and negative conductors of cable are adapted to engage only the positive and negative battery terminals, the short circuiting and sparking in the vicinity of the batteries, due to improper connection are eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The positive and negative battery terminals (26,28) are electrically connected to their corresponding terminals. The jumper cable (50) includes positive and negative conductors (52,54) each having opposing cable terminals (56,58), respectively for engaging the battery terminals. The cable terminals are adapted to fit respective battery terminals having + and - shapes in complementary fashion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts partial perspective view of the battery and jumper cable.    Battery (20)    Positive and negative battery terminals (26,28)    Jumper cable (50)    Positive and negative conductors (52,54)    Cable terminals (56,58)
NOVELTY - The turbocharger (10) operates the rotary electric machine depending on the running condition of the engine. Damping effect of revolving shaft (13) of turbocharger is achieved by a damping coil (20). The damping coil is energized, when revolution number of revolving shaft exceeds upper limit.    USE -   For damping high speed revolving shaft in turbocharger.    ADVANTAGE -   The reliability of the turbocharger with a rotary electric machine can be improved since the damage of the permanent magnet is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the turbocharger. (10) Turbocharger; (13) Revolving shaft; (20) Damping coil.
NOVELTY - A rotation feather (16) provided in a reaction vessel (13) stirs the mixture (19) containing water, edible oil, methanol and potassium hydroxide. A platinum electrode (14) and magnesium electrode (15) differing in ionization, are configured in the reaction vessel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A motor (17) connected with rotation feather actuates it based on the electromotive force generated by platinum electrode, Mg electrode and the mixture contained in reaction vessel. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the esterified fuel manufacturing method.    USE -   For manufacture of esterified fuel.    ADVANTAGE -   The apparatus heats and stirs the mixture based on the electromotive force generated by it, thereby saving energy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional side view of transesterification apparatus. (13) Reaction vessel; (14) Platinum electrode; (15) Magnesium electrode; (16) Rotation feather; (17) Motor; (19) Mixture.
NOVELTY - Cool air from a fan (40) flows through cooling ventilation paths (47L,47R,54,57). Electric component accommodation chambers (44,53) accommodate electric components (45,46,55). Cooling fins (451,461) which extend from electric components project into the cooling ventilation paths.    USE -   For cooling electric components connected to battery in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the electric component is cooled reliably, the durability of electric component of vehicle is not affected. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view drawing of battery box. (40) Fan; (44,53) Electric component accommodation chambers; (45,46,55) Electric components; (47L,47R,54,57) Cooling ventilation paths; (451,461) Cooling fins.
NOVELTY - Ventilation paths (39,47L,47R) formed inside a battery box (9) supply cool air from fan (40) respectively to battery (10) and electrical components (45,46) arranged inside the box. The cross-sections of the component ventilation paths (47L,47R) are made smaller than that of the ventilation path (39) that cools battery.    USE -   For cooling battery and console panel components in electric car.    ADVANTAGE -   Both battery and electrical components are cooled effectively, by maintaining low and high air flow rates. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows longitudinal sectional view of battery box. (9) Battery box; (10) Battery; (45,46) Electrical components(39,47L,47R) Ventilation paths.
NOVELTY - When vehicle is detected to be stationary for more than a predetermined time, the automatic charging system (17) is actuated by a controller (12) to charge the secondary battery (6) automatically. Simultaneously, during charging, the radiator fan (11) is operated continuously causing air flow which blows away gas leaked out from the fuel battery system (1) during charging operation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel battery supplies the power to charge the secondary battery . When the accelerator operation is detected, the charging release system deactivates the automatic charging process. The secondary battery supplies power to the vehicle during the initial starting operation of the motor.    USE -   For hybrid electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Since gas leaked out from the fuel battery system during charging operation of the secondary battery, when the vehicle is at rest, is removed efficiently, the hybrid vehicle is safe during charging. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows automatic charging system of hybrid vehicle. (1) Fuel battery system; (6) Secondary battery; (11) Radiator fan; (12) Controller; (17) Charging system.
NOVELTY - A case (23) in chassis (25) accommodates batteries in its inner space. An outer air inlet (31a) formed at front edge of the case, supplies outer air to cool the batteries. An outer air outlet (31b) at rear edge of the case, exhausts the outer air, and is connected with the inlet through outer air transduction duct (14) formed in the middle of the case. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for battery cooling method of electric vehicle.    USE -   For cooling battery of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Temperature of some batteries in the case are simultaneously set to be equal, by suppressing temperature variation between the batteries through cooling with outlet air. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of electric car equipped with battery cooling structure. (23) Case; (31a) Outer air inlet; (31b) Outer air outlet; (41) Outer air transduction duct; (25) Chassis.
NOVELTY - An engine (12) is operated according to the combustion of feed. And electric motor (14) is operated by electrical energy supplied by a charger. Several charging limiters simultaneously limit the operation of an external energizer connected to the charger.    USE -   For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the charging of the charger is simultaneously limited, the reduction in durability of the charger is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of the components of the hybrid drive unit. (12) Engine; (14) Electric motor.
NOVELTY - Electrodes (2,3) are inserted in the upper portion and lower portion of flame produced by combustion of gas in lighter (1). Electrical energy is obtained from the potential difference produced between the two electrodes.    USE -   For producing electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Cheap gas such as town gas is used as fuel for the battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of lighter with electrodes inserted in upper and lower portions of flame. (1) Lighter; (2,3) Electrodes.
NOVELTY - A judging unit judges incorrect detections of module voltage and total voltage based on the detected individual module voltage and total voltage. When incorrect detections are judged, a correction unit corrects the voltage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A module voltage detector detects module voltage of each battery module connected to the set battery. A total voltage detector detects the total voltage of the set battery. Based on each detected module voltage, a module voltage processor outputs the state of each module. Based on the detected total voltage, a total voltage processor outputs the state of whole battery.    USE -   For managing batteries in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents vehicles being depressed by poor cell voltage. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of battery management apparatus.
NOVELTY - Gas containing higher concentration of hydrogen gas is passed through hydrogen absorbing alloy (HSA) filling receptacle and the hydrogen is purified and separated by occlusion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel battery system. The purified hydrogen gas obtained after occlusion is provided as the fuel for fuel batteries.    USE -   For fuel batteries such as phosphoric acid type fuel battery (PAFC), solid polymeric type fuel battery (PEFC) (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Hydrogen gas of high purity is manufactured. The battery using the hydrogen gas has high efficiency. As hydrogen can be manufactured and stored inside the fuel battery use of separate installation unit is avoided.
NOVELTY - Electric power supplied by the fuel battery is passed via DC-DC converter (23) to the supplement machines (4, 7). A part of the DC-DC converter output is used for charging the battery (25). The control apparatus (13) limits the electric power supply from the fuel battery and connects the battery for starting output with the supplement machines during machine operation.    USE -   For supplement machine of fuel battery for engineering construction works and domestic emergency power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   When supplementary machines are started, the battery for starting output is connected with the supplementary machines and the power supply from the fuel battery is limited by the controller, and thereby abnormal voltage reduction of fuel battery is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the fuel battery power supply. (4, 7) Supplement machines; (13) Control apparatus; (23) DC-DC converter; (25) Battery for starting.
NOVELTY - The active material is spinel type structured lithium manganese complex oxide represented by Li1+x Mn2-x O4 (where 0 &lt; x &lt; 1.33). 0.01-10% (mole ratio) of at least one element other than lithium, manganese and oxygen is added to total amount of manganese.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - At least one element was chosen form bismuth, phosphorus, magnesium, arsenic, zirconium, sodium, beryllium, yttrium, silicon, aluminium, carbon, fluorine, lead, germanium, antimony and tin.    USE -   For anode material of lithium secondary battery used for portable equipments or electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Secondary batteries with high volume and safety is offered. The durability of battery is improved.
NOVELTY - The positive electrode of alkaline battery has nickel hydroxide as an active material. The surface of the electrode plate has high cobalt concentration gradient along the thickness direction.    USE -   As large sized storage battery for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Has improved charging and discharging characteristics. Has high discharge current and low battery internal pressure.
NOVELTY - The system has an electric generator (G) powered by wind driven rotor blades positioned behind a grill at the front of the vehicle. Generated electricity is directed to a controller (C) which is also connected to the vehicle batteries (B), via a voltage regulator, and the drive motor(s) and which regulates the flow of current to the batteries and/or the motor as required.    USE - For use with electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The generator system minimizes or eliminates the drain on the vehicle batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic diagram of the wind powered generator system for an electric vehicle and a front view of the grill and rotor blades.    Batteries (B)    Controller (C)    Generator (G)
NOVELTY - The circuit uses two batteries with control to ensure adequate energy for preheating.    USE - Supply of electric heater for heating the catalytic converter prior to starting the motor.    ADVANTAGE - Enables preheating of catalytic converter, without risk of preventing vehicle starting after battery discharge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The circuit provides a supply for an electrical network (10) within an automatic vehicle, the circuit including an electrical heating element (18). The supply includes a first battery (B1) and a second battery (B2), and first (RE1) and second (RE2) relays. An electronic control circuit (24) provides electrical control signals to the relays as a function of the temperature of the element to be heated, the position of the ignition key, and the voltage at the output of the supply network (10). The circuits also include a fuse (26).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the power supply circuit.
NOVELTY - A sealed one-piece battery has side cooling compartments with fluid circulation grooves extending at an obtuse angle to the battery partition plane.    USE - As a fluid-cooled sealed one-piece storage battery, e.g. a lead, nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, nickel-zinc or lithium-carbon storage battery, especially for an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The cooling system is more efficient and compact than prior art systems, the design providing increased mechanical strength of the walls to permit use of a wall thickness of not more than 2.5 mm to promote cooling efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A sealed one-piece battery, operating at least bar relative pressure, has a plastic housing with a cover and a partitioned container and is equipped with a cooling system comprising two plastic side pieces cooperating with the external surface of the two opposite container walls perpendicular to the partition, each side piece defining, with the associated wall, a compartment having chicane-forming grooves for fluid circulation and fluid inlet and outlet openings. The novelty is that the direction of each groove forms an angle of 60-90 degrees with respect to the partition plane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective view of a battery according to the invention.    Battery (1)    Container (2)    Cover (3)    Partitions (5)    Battery housing side wall (6)    Side pieces (7)    Grooves (8)    Inlet and outlet openings (9)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell comprises a chamber suitable for holding an electrolyte in it, and rotates the electrolyte about an axis of the chamber. At least one inlet, spaced from the axis of rotation of the chamber, is provided for introducing oxidant and/or fuel into the chamber, and electrodes are provided for contacting the electrolyte and the oxidant, and the electrolyte and the fuel, respectively.    USE - For improving efficiency and performance of fuel cells by subjecting them to forced rotation.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced internal circulation of fluid is achieved without the use of pumps and provides for improved efficiency and increased output power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an embodiment of the basic component as applied to rotating metal oxygen fuel cells. A vertical cross section through such a rotating cell is indicated in section X-X and a horizontal section near the mid-plane in section Y-Y.
NOVELTY - The electrodes are coated with an active material which comprises particles with a high aspect ratio (platelets) rather than spherical particles. The high aspect ratio in combination with relatively shallow discharge cycles provides high power to energy capacity ratio and a relatively high cycle life.    USE - Batteries for transportation vehicles, consumer electronic devices or appliances, or backup systems.    ADVANTAGE - The batteries have high power and high energy capacity and a high power to energy capacity ratio and a relatively high cycle life.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Rechargeable battery having a deep discharge cycle life of at least 250 comprises at least two electrodes and an electrolyte operatively coupled to deliver X watt/kg of power sustainable over at least 10 sec, and a total energy capacity of at least Y watt.hr / kg, where X is at least 600, (preferably 1000) and Y is at least 5, (preferably 9).    The battery forms part of a claimed transportation vehicle, consumer electronic device or appliance, or backup system having a power/energy ratio (P/E) at least 10.    At least one of the electrodes comprises an active material fabricated from a number of subparts having an average aspect ratio on a mass basis at least 1 : A : B, where A is at least 3 (preferably at least 30) and B is at most A.    The battery preferably has particles of a metal oxide or metal sulfide, and comprises lithium. The active electrode material can be tin, tungsten, aluminum or silicon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a section of a battery.    Electrode (105)    Substrate (110)    Coating (115)    Electrolyte (130)    Plate -shaped particles (144)
NOVELTY - The method involves sensing the pressure in the emergency brake supply line and tapping the anti-lock brake system (ABS) electrical circuit to provide electrical power to an auxiliary circuit when the pressure is below a predetermined minimum at which the trailers emergency air brakes could be released. Full power is restored to the ABS electrical circuit whenever the emergency brake supply pressure is above the predetermined minimum.    USE - For use with a tractor-trailer combination where the trailer is electrically connected to receive electrical power from a designated electrical circuit in the tractor and also pneumatically connected to receive emergency brake pressure through an emergency brake supply line connected to the emergency air brakes of the trailer.    ADVANTAGE - The method ensures that a dedicated electrical circuit is provided at all times to the ABS control circuit of the trailer when the trailer is in motion, while allowing energy to be tapped from the ABS input circuit when it is not necessary by monitoring the condition of the emergency brake air supply system. Low cost, efficient and fail safe    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - An electrical diagram of the electrical circuit of the trailer and the auxiliary circuit.    ABS input circuit (21)    Relay (26)    ABS control circuit (42)    Auxiliary circuit (50)    Normally closed pneumatic switch (52)    Emergency brake supply line (64)
NOVELTY - A tapering ground portion (6) of the battery terminal (4) is bendable so that a tapering point (6A) contacts outer surface (3) of a car chassis during installation.    USE -   For installation of flat solar battery on roof of car.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids need for special process while attaching solar battery and thereby, enables speedy and easy attachment. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a terminal fitted to flat solar battery at edge portion. (3) Outer surface of car body; (4) Terminal; (6) Tapering ground portion; (6A) Tapering point.
NOVELTY - The method is carried out so that with a running vehicle engine, the maximum continuous heating operation time (I max) of the heater, is determined by the production of a time account. The latter is formed by adding time intervals (dt), in which the vehicle battery voltage (U Bat) lies above a vehicle battery lowest voltage (U Oben), and by subtracting time intervals (dt), in which the vehicle voltage lies under this vehicle battery lowest charge voltage.    USE - Motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Determines maximum operating time of continuous heater. Prevents under voltage condition of a vehicle battery in conjunction with operation of a continuous heater, based on low number of parameters which can be measured without any problem.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram for elucidating the system.
NOVELTY - Battery clamp has split ring clamp (2) working with the post with two outwardly directed flanges on the split ring, and an urging mechanism works with the flanges to selectively urge them towards or away from each other. The urging mechanism is an axially extendible and retractable long assembly (20) securable at one end to one flange, with a formation receiving the second flange on the split ring.    USE -   For providing a battery clamp used in conjunction with the terminal posts of a conventional lead acid battery for automotive applications.    ADVANTAGE -   Is easily securable and detachable from battery terminal post DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the battery clamp shown explodedly. (2) the split ring clamp; (20) the axially extendible and retractable long assembly.
NOVELTY - The power supply consists of the normal vehicle battery (54) and a solar panel (13) which is an integral part of the vehicle roof and supplies energy to the air conditioning fan motor (4). The motor can also be powered by the battery, and no converting devices are required between the solar panel and the motor. Solar panels with higher voltage output can also be used to achieve a significant decrease of energy dissipated by the system.    USE - Battery or solar panel supply for vehicle air conditioning fan motor    ADVANTAGE - Does not require expensive components    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Circuit diagram of power supply    motor (4)    control signal (10)    electronic control unit (12)    solar panel (13)    microprocessor reset circuit (14)    vehicle battery (54)
NOVELTY - A conductive metal plate is provided with projections (14b) on its one side (14a). The lateral surface of each electrode (12,13) contacts the electrolyte (11) forming a propagation line for supply of electrolyte. The projections on metal plate is formed by half blanking press stamping.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: manufacturing apparatus of collector plate; manufacturing method of collector plate    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The workability of the collector plate is excellent by using metallic base. The material cost of processing cost can be reduced by using cheap material reduces single cell size of battery by using thin collector plates.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure illustrates the sectional view of the collector plate. (11) Electrolyte; (12,13) Electrode; (14a) One side of conductive metal plate; (14b) Projection.
NOVELTY - Fluid drive unit (20) of piston cylinder type is connected to a fluid motor via a propagation path. The output shaft of fluid motor is connected to generator.    USE -   Used for producing electrical power using reciprocating motion between wheels of motor vehicle and motor stand in traffic system.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains electric power from clean source of energy without using either fossil fuel or nuclear power. Simplifies installation since the power generator is small in size. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of motor vehicle with power generating device. (20) Fluid drive unit.
NOVELTY - A base metal complex oxide comprising platinum group and rare earth metals is dispersed on the surface of a ceramic integrated carrier through activated alumina.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (i) production of catalyst using salt of octanoic acid; and (ii) the removal of carbon monoxide (CO) in hydrogen by contacting the catalyst with a gaseous mixture containing oxygen, carbon monoxide and mainly hydrogen. CO is selectively oxidised to carbon dioxide.    USE -   For oxidizing the carbon monoxide present in hydrogen supplied to a fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The catalyst selectively oxidises carbon monoxide and reduces its concentration in hydrogen. Deterioration of the catalyst with time is reduced. The catalyst has good stability and increased catalytic activity.
NOVELTY - When DC voltage is output by an output unit (109), a load (41) is connected in series with capacitors (4), and the capacitors absorb energy from the DC voltage output unit via the load. In case if DC voltage is not output, the load is connected in parallel with the capacitors by a transistor (150), so that the capacitors output voltage contrary to DC voltage.    USE - Used as drive of engine starter for motor vehicle and also for spot welding of glow plug used in diesel engine. Also for use in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Offers efficient output of DC voltage, even with reduced circuit structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the power supply circuit. (4) Capacitors; (41) Load; (109) Output unit; (150) Transistor.
NOVELTY - A battery (2) installed in a car housing supplies total voltage to a run type motor (3) and a cargo work type motor (4). An intermediate voltage level is extracted from the battery at an intermediate tap (10) to operate an attached electrical equipment in car. A switch (11) at intermediate voltage output side changes intermediate voltage levels supplied to electrical equipments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The intermediate voltage level is obtained by dividing total voltage of battery with an integer value.    USE -   For battery type cargo work vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents irregular usage of battery. Prevents deterioration of battery durability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a battery circuit. (2) Battery; (3) Run type motor; (4) Cargo work type motor; (10) Intermediate tap; (11) Switch.
NOVELTY - The setting concentration judging unit (17) outputs an alarm signal when concentration of hydrogen discharged from battery is beyond predetermined value and causes dispersion equipment (23) to spread the gas. The setting concentration judging unit (18) outputs alarm signal when hydrogen concentration goes beyond predetermined value larger than the previous one.    USE -   In electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Alarm signal is not generated in case of temporary excessive hydrogen gas evolution at the time of sudden acceleration. Excessive accumulation of hydrogen gas is prevented as it is diffused. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is the composition block diagram of battery management apparatus. (17,18) Setting concentration judging units; (23) Dispersion equipment.
NOVELTY - The judgment unit (21) judges the abnormality of the battery (11) based on detected hydrogen gas density. The abnormality data of the battery is stored in a memory (20a). The abnormality data of the battery is displayed in a display unit (28). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The density of hydrogen gas from the battery during charging and discharging in detected by the sensor. The deterioration degree of the battery is judged based on frequency for which hydrogen gas density is detected.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy confirmation of abnormality of battery. Facilitates separate counting of frequency of hydrogen gas density highest during charging and discharging. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of battery management apparatus. (11) Battery; (20a) Memory; (21) Judgment unit; (28) Display unit.
NOVELTY - Two or more sheets of carbon felt are laminated on both surface sides of a laminate (1). Strips of insulating or conductive resin are formed on the centre section of laminate board along the entire length direction and carbon felt bipolar board is obtained.    USE -   Carbon felt bipolar board structure for redox flow battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Carbon felt bipolar board is arranged between positive and negative electrode plate to reduce internal resistance of redox flow battery, thus battery efficiency of redox flow is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional and top view of bipolar board. (1) Laminate body.
NOVELTY - A protective coat (12) made of mixture containing nickel oxide and conducting material, is given to the hydrogen pole.    USE -   For solid electrolytic fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents gas leak even when the solid electrolyte breaks. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a rough explanatory drawing of solid electrolytic fuel battery. (12) Protective coat.
NOVELTY - A screw rod (13) arranged inside a slurry feed pipe (11) is rotated causing a solid electrolyte slurry (15) to be discharged into a base material pipe (10). A flexible scraper (12) attached to the front end of the screw rod applies the discharged slurry on the inner wall of the base pipe. A solid electrolyte layer (16) of predetermined thickness is thereby formed in the base pipe.    USE -   In solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures that solid electrolyte layer of uniform thickness is formed in the base material pipe. Enables solid electrolyte layer to be formed at desired position of the base pipe. Enables thickness of electrolyte layer to be adjusted. Enables feeding of electrolyte slurry of high viscosity into the base pipe. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solid electrolyte coating device. (10) Base material pipe; (12) Flexible scraper; (13) Screw rod; (15) Solid electrolyte slurry; (16) Solid electrolyte layer.
NOVELTY - The metal containing 1-80 wt% of stainless steel or aluminum or titanium is used as separator base material. A metallic film containing conductive ceramics is laminated on the surface of base material. The resistance factor of the conductive ceramics is 3x10-4 ohm cm.    USE -   For solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As the separator is laminated with film containing conductive ceramics, the shape of the separator is stabilized even after mechanical shock and compressive stress. Thereby the electrically conductive property is stabilized for a long period of time.
NOVELTY - One end of positive and negative electrode lead wires (3,4) of polar group (1) are connected to positive and negative electrodes (11,12) respectively. Other ends of lead wires are connected to positive and negative electrode collector boards (5,6) respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Two or more such cells are held in a battery jar (7) and closed with lids (8,9) for an airtight accommodation.    USE -   In lithium and lithium ion storage battery used in electric vehicle and for use as power supply for deferment.    ADVANTAGE -   The structurization is such that heat is not retained in polar group resulting in increased heat release effect. Safety is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional chart of unit battery. (1) Polar group; (3,4) Lead wires; (5,6) Positive and negative electrode collector boards; (7) Battery jar; (8,9) Lids; (11,12) Positive and negative electrodes.
NOVELTY - Program memory has several memory banks for storing control program. High frequency access program whose frequency of use is large and the low frequency access program whose frequency of use is 10% less than high frequency access program, are stored by two different memory banks (7223,7224) of program memory.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Power consumption of the controller is reduced. Reduction in process velocity is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit block diagram of the battery controller. (7223,7224) Memory banks.
NOVELTY - The system has a generator (3) mounted within the tread portion (2) of a pedal that is driven by a gear box (7) which is in turn driven by a pulleys (4,5) connected to the pedal spindle, so that the rotation of the rotor of the generator is a multiple of the speed of relative rotation between the spindle and tread portion. The output of the generator powers a light emitting diode (LED) array (9) mounted on the tread of the pedal.    USE - For use with pedaled vehicles e.g. bicycles.    ADVANTAGE - The system is relatively simple and inexpensive and provides power to the LED's so that the vehicle is visible at night to other vehicle drivers without the need for batteries and without making pedaling noticeably harder. Can be easily retrofitted or included in standard designs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system may also include a capacitor (8) which is charged up during pedaling and which can be used to power the LED's while the pedal is temporarily stationary e.g. when at traffic lights.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A longitudinal section through a bicycle pedal with the electricity generating and lighting system incorporated in it.    Tread (2)    Generator (3)    Pulleys (4,5)    Gear box (7)    Capacitor (8)    Light emitting diode array (9)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell contains gaskets, at the circumferential part of the unit cell, alternately stacked with each other, with separator between, and comprising elastomer layer and adhesive layer.    USE - As polymer electrolyte fuel cell, using furl in form of pure hydrogen or reform hydrogen obtained from methanol or fossil fuel as reducing agent, and using air or oxygen as oxidizing agent.    ADVANTAGE - Since the gasket is adhered to separator, mispositioning of gasket during the assembling of the cell stack is prevented. Olefinic rubbers, used in elastomer layer of the gasket, are less expensive than fluoro-rubbers and silicone rubbers, and have excellent weather resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell consists of unit cells, each comprising solid polymer ion exchange membrane, with positive and negative electrodes formed on its both sides, and gaskets, each arranged at the circumferential part of unit cell and alternately stacked with each other via separator placed between.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of fuel cell.    Separator (2)    Electrolyte plate (11)    Positive electrode and negative electrode (12)    Gas path (provided inside the stack in case of internal manifold type) (13)    Gasket (21)    Adhesive layer (22)    Elastomer layer (23)
NOVELTY - The device for the timed supply for an accessory (13) consists of a controller (11), which is designed to allow the supply during the periods for which the supply is authorized. The device is adapted to reinitialize the timing system, whenever the presence of an individual is detected within the vehicle and the supply contact is cut.    USE - Electrical supply vehicle accessories, such as radio, when main power is not switched on.    ADVANTAGE - It allows accessories, such as radio to be used without the need for the vehicle key to turn power on.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic of the device.    Controller (11)    Accessory (13)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell unit has a hollow micro-fiber matrix electrolyte, in which the micro-fibers (2) are filament or staple fiber bundles with bonded ends.    USE - The fuel cell unit or stack is used for d.c. generation from cross-flow streams of fuel (especially a hydrogen-containing fuel) and an oxidant (claimed). The fuel injection nozzle is used in the fuel cell unit or stack (claimed) or in Otto or diesel engines, in Carnot cycle processes or the like.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell unit has a large reactive surface area at minimum space (e.g. 11000 cm2 per cm3 fuel cell volume), is simple to produce and has high flexibility of use    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell unit includes a hollow micro-fiber matrix electrolyte, in which the micro-fibers (2) have a wall thickness of 0.01-50 mu and an identical outside diameter of 0.05-280 mu and are in the form of filament bundles, filament yarn bundles, staple fiber bundles or staple fiber yarn bundles with shape-stable bonded ends.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) a fuel cell stack including several of the above fuel cell units; and    (ii) a fuel injection nozzle, especially for the above fuel cell unit or stack, in which the nozzle openings are formed by hollow micro-fiber bores which have 0.1-100 mu diameter and which are used as lost cores in the casting or injection molding of parts of the nozzle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of a fuel cell stack according to the invention.    Hollow micro-fibers (2)
NOVELTY - A coupling circuit has a switch unit for switching the supply on and off. The current supply has at least two separate part-networks (UBN1,UBN2) on the input side which are connected with output-side loads via electrically operated switches (T1, T2, T3, T4) so that each part-network is involved in the supply of the output-side load according to its power capability. A comparator (V) releases the current flow at the output of the circuit according to the output voltage (UAUS) in the respective direction.    USE - For vehicle brakes and steering.    ADVANTAGE - Guarantees a bi-directional energy flow between the on-board network and load whilst having a safety function against overcurrent or short-circuit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The switches are MOSFETs and have diodes which form anti-parallel chains.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block circuit diagram of the coupling circuit.    part networks (UBN1,UBN2)    switches (T1,T2,T3,T4)    comparator (V)    output voltage (UAUS)
NOVELTY - A slurry is laid down and hardened to form a porous sheet (1). During hardening a magnetic or electrostatic force field (5) is applied perpendicular to the sheet so that capillaries (2) take the shortest path between the surfaces (1a, 1b).    USE - Porous sheets for the manufacture of electrodes for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Short capillary paths improve fuel cell performance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic section through material made with a force field.    porous sheet (1)    outer surfaces (1a, 1b)    capillaries (2)    force field (5)
NOVELTY - Central unit is divided into structurally separate junction modules (2) each connected to its own cable branch (4) and capable of independent current control. Each junction module (2) includes the power supply elements of a cable branch and the central unit is provided with the elements for the reception and transmission of communication. High level communication is established between the junction modules (2). The intelligence required for the load specific operating control is decentralised to connecting sockets (3) present in the cable branches (4).    USE - In motor vehicle current supply systems.    ADVANTAGE - Load is reduced and the communication bus operational reliability is increased.
NOVELTY - Power transistors are supported on one surface of a support plate (132) made of a thermally conductive material. The other surface of the support plate has cooling fins (134) extending outwardly and in contact with cooling fluid. An electrical insulation layer (136) is between the transistors and the support plate.    USE - For converting, storing and transferring power between electric machines in a hybrid powertrain system of an automotive vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Achieves efficient heat transfer for the power transistors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Contact pads (146) supported by the support plate and electrically connected to the transistors are formed of a resilient strip of material with a bend in it to allow external connections at varying distances from the support plate. The insulation layer is made of a thermally conductive material and has copper layers on both sides. The support plate is made of aluminum-filled silicon carbide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures shows top and side views of the transistor assembly.    power transistor assembly (120)    support plate (132)    cooling fins (134)    electrical insulation layer (136)    contact pads (146)
NOVELTY - The system has a generator unit (14) which can be connected to the rear portion of a vehicle undercarriage (18) that has a pivotally connected arm (30) with a wheel assembly (20) at its end which can be lowered so that is contacts the road. A belt (40) connects pulleys (38) on the wheel and generator so that rotation of the wheel due to contact with the road causes rotation of the generator to produce electricity for use by onboard electrical systems.    USE - For use with motor vehicles, particularly during long distance travel.    ADVANTAGE - Lightweight and portable. Simple and easy to manufacture and use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A perspective view of a vehicle fitted with the electricity generating system and a bottom perspective view of the system.    Generator unit (14)    Vehicle undercarriage (18)    Wheel assembly (20)    Pivotally connected arm (30)    Pulley (38)    Belt (40)
NOVELTY - A boot (38) secured to a housing (12) carrying a cathode (16) has a number of holes (60). An anode (40) with number of integral posts (50) extends through the holes. The integral posts are deformed into rivet heads to secure the boot to anode. A spring (46) is placed between anode and housing to bias the anode towards the cathode.    USE - For fuel cell for electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the moving arrangement of anode a constant and steady generation of electrical power during life of fuel cell is facilitated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A backing plate (42) with holes (70) is placed over the integral posts of anode and secured below the rivet heads. A collector strap (44) having holes is placed over the backing plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded 3D view of the anode assembly.    Cathode (16)    Boot (38)    Anode (40)    Backing plate (42)    Collector strap (44)    Integral posts (50)    Holes (60)
NOVELTY - A continuous strip battery cell comprises two metallic conductors with anode and cathode material (322,304) respectively, the cathode being inactive at regularly spaced fold locations, which is assembled and sealed. The strip is folded to give a compact cell, the anode being passivated by an overcoat at the inactive regions (306').    USE - As lithium-ion-polymer batteries for small batteries, e.g., portable telephones and for electric vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Fatigue at fold locations during charge/discharge expansion/contraction is avoided, a tighter radius is possible and no intracellular welding is needed    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A fan-folded battery is shown.    Active anode material (304)    Passivation (306)    Active cathode material (322)
NOVELTY - A plastic capture mold (30) has apertures (34) that enable the mold to be inserted on terminal posts (36). The mold has a base (32) and walls (38) of height equal to that of the terminal posts. A lead alloy connector (32) positioned in the mold is fused to the respective terminal posts.    USE - For vehicles ranging from class1-class3 trucks, various automated guided vehicles, mining vehicles and rail road locomotives. For telecommunication, utilities, for emergency lighting in commercial buildings as standby power supply for cable television system and in uninterruptable power supplies for computer backup.    ADVANTAGE - Minimizes leakages resulting from posts to connector operation. Avoids need for separately providing an insulating plastic shroud. The mold function satisfactorily retain the molten connector materials in place even though the temperature of the connector is hundreds of degrees above the melting point of the plastic material. The mold serves as a retention area for making the required connector while minimizing rundowns.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Multiple lead acid cells or batteries adjacent to each other have a container, a cover and a positive and negative terminal posts. The capture mold has a hinged cover that is moved to an open position to expose the terminal posts in the capture mold. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of assembling a lead acid battery system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial isometric view of the capture mold positioned over the terminal post of adjacent cells.    Capture mold (30)    Connector (32)    Apertures (34)    Terminal post (36)    Walls (38)
NOVELTY - A coating of titanium oxide which is a n-type semiconductor is applied to the outer surface of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger (5). An irradiation device which applies light from a light source (L) or from the sun is provided facing towards the coated surface of the latent heat recovery heat exchanger.    USE -   To recover latent heat from the exhaust gas of a hot liquid supply device such as a boiler, an absorption machine, a gas engine and a fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The dissolving loss or deterioration of titanium oxide coating is prevented since the oxidation of water by the hole generated in the semiconductor on applying light is an anodic reaction. The thickness of titanium oxide coating can be made markedly thin comparatively. The generation of defects like gaps, holes and cracks in the metallic materials of the heat exchanger can be prevented. The generation of corrosion can be prevented permanently over a long period of time since the influence of acid drain water is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a diagram showing the composition of a latent heat recovery heat exchanger coated with titanium oxide and provided with an upper unit downward/upward light source. (5) Latent heat recovery heat exchanger; (L) Light source.
NOVELTY - The methanol aqueous solution in the liquid phase is modified in the presence of a solid catalyst.    USE -   For rocket, fuel battery, as raw material gas for coal product, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The amount of carbon monoxide (byproduct) contained in the hydrogen gas is reduced. Therefore, the purification of hydrogen gas is made easy.
NOVELTY - A bracket (13) with holes (17) placed on top of each battery unit receive one of the two parallelly arranged electrode pins. The bracket is clamped to the rod (10) by a clamp (18). A pair of elastic bus bars (16) connect the electrode parallelly in mutually different polarity state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Four battery units (8) are mounted on the frame having fixed rods (10), such that the lower electrode pins (12) of the battery units are maintained in opposite phase.    USE -   In electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies battery mounting operation, as four battery units are connected, simultaneously. Magnetic field interference is avoided as electrode pins are maintained in mutually different polarity state. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of the battery fixing structure. (8) Battery units; (10) Fixed rods; (12) Electrode pins; (13) Bracket; (16) Elastic bus bars; (17) Holes; (18) Clamp.
NOVELTY - An ionically conductive ceramic electrolyte element (10,10') comprises tubes with a closed end and an open end, extending from a first surface of a tube support part. The second surface is at least partially open to the atmosphere, as are the open ends of the tubes.    USE - As an oxygen generator or fuel cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Increased active surface area per unit volume and weight of ceramic material. The electrical connections to the electrodes are simplified, and the modular configuration allows a simple building block approach to meet differing requirements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an electrochemical device (70) comprising the ceramic element and a second ceramic element adjacent to the first, which together form a pressure tight chamber via a seal (20); and    (2) a method of generating oxygen using the electrochemical device containing the electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top perspective view of two molded elements formed into an electrochemical module assembly.    Electrochemical module (70);    Elements (10, 10');    Flange members joined to form seal (20, 20').
NOVELTY - A multi-bladed unenclosed propeller (14) connected to an unenclosed high output generator (18) by an extension (16) and armature (26) shaft, are mounted on the roof of the electric vehicle for transforming wind energy into electrical energy for charging the vehicle's battery (24) as the vehicle moves forward. A voltage regulator (20) and two diode rectifier (22) pass DC electric power to the battery while preventing overcharging.    USE - For recharging battery of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances range of electric vehicle by cycling and thus adding wind generated energy into battery pack while vehicle is being driven.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic side view of a three bladed propeller mounted on an electric vehicle.    propeller (14)    extension shaft (16)    high output generator (18)    regulator (20)    rectifier (22)    battery pack (24)    armature shaft (26)
NOVELTY - A voltage divider is connected to the anode of each cell of battery. A switching network (120) controlled by a switching controller (150), switches a pair of voltage divider outputs to respective complementary outputs. A differential amplifier (A7) produces an output which represents the differential voltage between the complementary outputs.    USE - For rechargeable multiple batteries e.g. nickel- cadmium battery.    ADVANTAGE - A simple, low cost voltage cell monitoring circuit is offered. Since the voltage dividers are closely matched, each measurement point is scaled almost equally. Only a single differential amplifier is used. Based on the ratio of each voltage divider, differential voltage measurement can be performed in presence of any common mode voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The voltage dividers are connected to a common reference potential. The divider ratio of the voltage dividers are closely matched such that the voltage divided outputs represent their respective anode voltages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram of battery cell voltage monitor.    Switching network (120)    Switching controller (150)    Differential amplifier (A7)
NOVELTY - Heat dissipated from battery and convertor exhaust gases is recovered by cooling water which gets heated and collected along with modifier exhaust gas in steam separator (4). Water from separator is used as cooling water for battery and convertor. The hot water from the steam separator is used for heating water in steam generator (8).     DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In modifier (1), hydrocarbon gas reacts with steam to generate H2 and CO. CO is burnt in convertor (2) to obtain CO2 . Resulting gas is the fuel for battery (3) in which H2 reacts with O2to generate electricity and heat.    USE -   For fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Uses exhaust heat for steam generation, thereby improving efficiency of steam generation, and hence overall efficiency of the battery is improved. Rate of flow of cooling water is altered, depending on the service condition of the battery, thereby further improving heat recovery. Temperature of cooling water to the convertor is controlled by providing a heat exchanger, thereby ensuring stable operation of the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a diagram of exhaust heat recovery system. (1) Modifier; (2) Convertor; (3) Battery; (4) Steam separator; (8) Steam generator.
NOVELTY - The cells (11) are isolated by a separator (12) which has a center shunt block (19) formed protrudingly on its front and back surfaces. Collector protrusions (18) arranged in rows, form a gas passageway around the shunt block. The air flowing from manifold (25) is shunted to form bilateral gas flow covering surface of cell electrode (14). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery (10) has several laminated cells (11) which have a diffusion electrode (16,17). The shunt block is surrounded by cell electrode (14).    USE -   In fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises gas diffusion property as supplied gas spreads around shunt block uniformly, thus improves electrochemical reaction of cell. The shape of shunt block and outer edge of electrode is made same, thus gas flow after shunting, is further balanced. Does not need fastening unit in cell outer edge thus simplifies fastening and achieves battery size reduction. Reduces contact resistance of diffusion electrodes by improving and equalizing lamination of cells. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view demonstrating laminated cells of fuel battery. (10) Battery; (11) Cells; (12) Separator; (14) Cell electrode; (16,17) Diffusion electrode; (18) Collector protrusion; (19) Center shunt block; (25) Manifold.
NOVELTY - Several flow paths (24P,25P) are provided in separators (24,25) for passage of oxidation gas. The separators are made from flame retardant material like brominated epoxy resin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of separator for fuel battery.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids undesired oxidation reaction as separators are made from flame retardant material to withstand thermolysis. Avoids increase in fuel battery temperature and hence prevents combustion reaction. Avoids burning of gas diffusion electrode by rise in temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows the cross section of the single cell. (24,25) Separators; (24P,25P) Flow paths.
NOVELTY - Electric power from a fuel battery is given to the supplement machines of fuel battery through a DC-DC convertor (23). The DC-DC convertor has input current limitation function to control the electric power supplied from fuel battery to the supplement machines.    USE -   For supplement machines of fuel battery used for power supply in public works construction, domestic power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Abnormal voltage reduction of fuel battery is prevented, because the output power to supplement machine is reduced during easily stages of voltage drop of fuel batter. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing explaining the power supply for supplement machines of the fuel battery. (23) DC-DC convertors.
NOVELTY - In the space between battery casing (10) and the lower ends of electrodes (2-5), a safety valve (40) is provided. Further between the sets of electrodes, a hollow core (30) is provided connecting the bottom space to the top space, in which a pressure relief valve (20) is provided in its top space side.    USE -   In e.g. nickel hydrogen battery, lithium ion battery used as power supply for motor vehicle, electric vehicle, portable telephone.    ADVANTAGE -   Has high energy density. Even when short circuit occurs, internal pressure generated by excessive heat is dissipated fast and makes the safety valve operate reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure represents cross sectional view of cylindrical non-electrolyte secondary battery. (2-5) Electrodes; (10) Battery casing; (20) Pressure relief valve; (30) Hollow core; (40) Safety valve.
NOVELTY - One or more kinds of ceramic nitride, ceramic oxide and rare earth oxide are added as sintering auxiliary agent to raw material and heat treated to form silicon nitride ceramic material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of silicon nitride ceramic material.    USE -   Used for fabrication of components of gas turbine, fuel battery, reactor, spring and motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat treatment after sintering eliminates surface cracks so improving strength of ceramic material. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of silicon nitride ceramic material.
NOVELTY - The electrically-operated sunblind has an elongate housing (34) containing a horizontal roller (32) onto which a sunblind material (31) is wound and a pair of pivoted lever arms (4) secured to a rail (33) extending along the leading edge of the sunblind material. The roller is rotated by an electric motor (21) with movement of the lever arms away from the housing for one direction of rotation and towards the housing for the opposite direction of rotation, the energy for the motor provided by a solar cell collector plate (221).    USE - The sunblind is used for screening the rear window of the automobile for shielding the passengers from direct sun.    ADVANTAGE - The use of solar energy for providing electrical operating energy for the sunblind prevents drainage of the vehicle battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of an electrically-operated sunblind.    Pivoted lever arms (4)    Electric motor (21)    Sunblind material (31)    Horizontal roller (32)    Rail (33)    Elongate housing (34)    Solar cell collector plate (221)
NOVELTY - The solar roof, in a car roof which can be opened, has a transparent cover plate (1) surrounded at least partially by a plastics frame (2). A gap (S) is left between the inner edge (7) of the inner cover plate (3) and the solar cell structure (9), so that the inner edge (7) is out of contact with the solar cell structure (9). The inner edge (7) follows the contour of the solar cell structure (9) at the overlapping zone.    USE - The system is for the solar panel in a vehicle roof which can be opened.    ADVANTAGE - The solar panel structure gives a trouble-free prodn, and it has a long life, without affecting the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partial cross section through the solar cover.    transparent cover plate (1)    frame (2)    inner cover plate (3)    inner edge (7)    solar cell structure (9)    gap (S)
NOVELTY - The demonstration model is in the form of a miniature boat containing a fuel cell, supplied with the liquid in which the boat floats for converting it to release hydrogen used for electrical energy generation, the electrical energy used for powering the boat drive propelling it through the liquid.    USE - The demonstration model is used for teaching purposes.    ADVANTAGE - The demonstration model provides an interesting way of illustrating the fuel cell principle.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell operating process involves distilling the water vapor product from a fuel cell battery and electrolyzing the resulting distilled water to recover hydrogen and oxygen gas which are then temporarily stored in gas balloons for re-supplying the fuel cell battery.    USE - For current supply in houses or industrial plants.    ADVANTAGE - The process provides almost loss-free recovery of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to form a self-sufficient current supply for entire houses or industrial plants.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the principle of the hydrogen recovery and supply for a fuel cell operation.    Oxygen tank (1)    Hydrogen tank (2)    Gas balloons (11, 12)    Fuel cell battery (15)    Electrolysis bath (29)    Distillation unit (32)
NOVELTY - The grid (10) is stamped from a lead alloy and includes top, side and bottom framing units (12,14,16,18) and grid wires which define open areas (20) to hold the electrochemical paste. The collection lug (22) is integral with the top framing unit which has an enlarged conductive section (24) below the lug. The shaping of the grid wires ensures that the vertical elements (26a...26o) become closer together viewed from bottom to top and further apart when moving away from the vertical element (26i). The width of the vertical elements mentioned increases from the bottom to the top to optimize current carrying capacity to weight ratio.    USE - Forms part of a plate in a lead acid battery.    ADVANTAGE - Optimizes electrical performance, reduces grid weight and provides characteristics, e.g. corrosion capability, not possible in a cast type grid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of stamped lead-alloy battery grid e.g. for use as part of a positive plate.    Grid (10)    Framing units (12,14,16,18)    Open areas (20)    Collection lug (22)    Enlarged conductive section (24)    Vertical elements (26a...26o)
NOVELTY - An autothermal reactor for making high-purity hydrogen from an organic feedstock, oxygen and water comprises a catalyst bed (13) for forming the hydrogen and a hydrogen diffusion membrane (9) for selectively separating the hydrogen from other components of the gas stream.    USE - In producing high-purity hydrogen from organic feedstock for small scale operations such as automotive fuel cells and gas chromatography (claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The reactor is very portable, does away with the need for hydrogen cylinders, is self-igniting and self-sustaining and gives hydrogen of high purity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a fuel cell system comprising the reactor above; and    (b) a gas chromatography system comprising the reactor above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A drawing of the reactor is shown.    Hydrogen diffusion membrane (9)    Catalyst bed (13)
NOVELTY - When the relative angle between the flywheel support (12) and the housing (16) is very small, the damping coefficient is small and when the relative angle is large, the damping coefficient is enlarged    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Axial load generated among the relative angle between flywheel support body and housing and bearing part is decreased to increase durability of bearing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric diagram of flywheel support apparatus. (12) Flywheel support; (16) Housing.
NOVELTY - When the energy consumption of storage battery (23) for auxiliary devices exceeds a predetermined rate, a controller (27) connects the generator (3) to the engine (1) by operating a clutch (13). The generator is disconnected when the energy consumption falls below the predetermined rate.    USE -   In hybrid electric vehicles mounted with motor as auxiliary drive.    ADVANTAGE -   Optimizes engine fuel consumption as generator is operated only when required. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hybrid vehicle drive and its control system. (1) Engine; (3) Generator; (13) Clutch; (23) Battery; (27) Controller.
NOVELTY - A windmill (2) is coupled to a generator (1) which is provided in an electric vehicle (A). A separator isolates windmill from the generator whenever required. The windmill converts the wind pressure generated during rotation to corresponding electric power, and sends the power to storage type battery.    USE -   For electric vehicle e.g. electric train, hybrid car and motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Saves power and minimizes pollution, by making use of wind power. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the side view of the electricity generating windmill. (1) Generator; (2) Windmill; (A) Electric vehicle.
NOVELTY - A judgment unit (4) judges the abnormal module battery (M) that is to be exchanged, based on cell (C) that is judged to be abnormal by another judgment unit (3). The calculator (6) computes mean voltage value of normal module battery based on cell no load voltage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The no load voltage (Vcn) of the cells (C) of the module battery (M) in group battery (B) is detected by a calculator (2). The judgment unit (3) judges deviation in normal operating state of each cell based on calculated no load voltage. Another judgment unit (5) judges the group battery that is to be exchanged, when number of abnormal module batteries exceeds reference value.    USE -   For group battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates automatic detection of abnormal module battery. Simplifies exchange of abnormal module battery and reduces corresponding exchange time. Enables easy battery tuning during module battery exchange by calculating mean voltage value of normal module battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of diagnostic apparatus. (1) Battery state diagnostic apparatus; (2,6) Calculators; (3-5) Judgment units; (B) Group battery; (C) Cell; (M) Module battery.
NOVELTY - A lid (22) is provided covering the side walls (211) and ceiling of the heat insulation container (2). The lead section of the electric terminal (3) which is drawn outside the container is positioned above the lower end of the side wall (221) of the lid.    USE -   For high temperature sodium battery, e.g. sodium sulphur battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As the temperature distribution in the container is made uniform, safety of battery module is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the vertical side view of high temperature sodium secondary battery module. (2) Heat insulation container; (3) Electric terminal; (22) Lid; (211, 221) Side walls.
NOVELTY - Each single element (S10-S30) includes an electrolyte (11, 21, 31) in between the anodes (13, 23, 33) and cathodes (12, 22, 32), respectively. The length of the electrolyte is increased along electrolysis gas flow direction so that single element at downstream has longest electrolyte.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The single element (S10-S30) are connected serially by interconnectors (14, 24, 34). The electrolyte gas (G) is supplied from the single element (S10) side and ejected out through the single element (S30) side. The electrolysis is carried out by the electrolyte gas.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents damage of electrolyte at downstream side by reducing current density added to it. Increases reaction area of single element at downstream side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of electrolysis cell. (11, 21, 31) Electrolytes; (12, 22, 32) Cathodes; (13, 23, 33) Anodes; (14, 24, 34) Interconnectors; (S10-S30) Single elements; (G) Electrolyte gas.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has fan (8) for passing water vapor from exhaust gas of fuel battery (1) into jet pipes (10) from where the condensed water flows into waste water tank (15) and from there to waste water drain (18) through an overflow pipe (16).    USE -   For removing water from exhaust gases in fuel battery, storage battery, fuel supply source.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents dew and mold in room where fuel batteries are stored. Facilitates continuous electricity generation without reverse flow of water in exhaust gases, by providing an alarm to warn about water level in waste water tank. Prevents reverse flow and stoppage of battery operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is an explanatory drawing of the exhaust gas processor. (1) Fuel battery; (8) Fan; (10) Jet pipe; (15) Waste water tank; (16) Overflow pipe; (18) Waste water drain.
NOVELTY - Overload treatment is performed to the ceramic product during which load applied is more than actual, and sintering is done after which heat treatment is carried out.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for ceramic material.    USE -   For manufacturing various structures and various components such as the gas turbine, fuel battery, reactor, spring etc., of a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat treatment in the air removes low strength things easily. A surface defect is recovered by heat treatment. Dependability of strength of a ceramic product can be improved.
NOVELTY - A heat dissipating sheet (4) with granular surface is wound between electrode sheets (2,3). The top edge (4b) of sheet protrudes from electrode layers and is connected to battery case (6) or to electrode terminals.    USE -   For large solid electrolyte secondary battery used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The layers of the granular sheet enclosed inside the electrodes, absorbs heat of the battery during internal short circuiting and the top positions convey this heat to the battery case or electrode terminal. Suppresses heat inside the battery substantially, thus reducing changes of dangerous situations like battery bursting. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of the battery. (2,3) Electrode sheets; (4) Heat dissipating sheet; (4b) Top edge of sheet; (6) Battery case.
NOVELTY - The deterioration battery detection sensor produces an abnormal alarm signal when the voltage of the battery goes below a fixed value.    USE -   Battery is used as high voltage power supply for electric vehicle, carrier vehicle, object for AGV etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Deterioration cell is detected reliably. Thus poor run and battery damage is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the deterioration characteristic sensor of battery.
NOVELTY - The group of batteries which consists of several mono block battery (1) is divided into two sub-blocks (2) each consisting of a pair of batteries. When the voltage difference between block of batteries is beyond the fixed value, an abnormal alarm is output by the sensor.    USE -   For detecting deterioration of battery used in electric vehicle, carrier vehicle and AGV.    ADVANTAGE -   The deterioration of battery is cheaply and simply detected, by the simple operation and thereby battery damage due to liquid breakage is eliminated. As amount of exhaust gas is reduced, the atmospheric air is not polluted due to usage of batteries in the vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit diagram of battery abnormality sensor. (1) Mono block battery; (2) Sub blocks.
NOVELTY - The fuel battery consists of proton conductive electrolyte (1) which is supported with an anode (2) and a cathode (3) having gas diffusion property on either sides. Dimethyl ether and water vapor is directly supplied to the anode.    USE -   As power source for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The problem of storage and loading of fuel in direct model fuel battery is eliminated. Electricity is directly generated from hydrocarbon fuel, therefore, electricity generation efficiency of battery is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the direct model dimethyl ether fuel battery. (1) Proton conductive electrolyte; (2) Anode; (3) Cathode.
NOVELTY - A weak base type anion exchange group formed, at least on one surface of the film. The methanol made pole is joined to one surface of the anion exchange film.    USE -   For solid polymer electrolyte type methanol fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The amount of cross leak of methanol can be reduced and output voltage of fuel battery is raised.
NOVELTY - Cable (1) has flat flexible metal plate conductor with holes (3a,4a) near both ends, for connecting to battery and electrical equipment, respectively. The metal plate is covered with insulated layer (5). Between two clamps (5a,5b) provided near the electrical equipment connecting end, a water-proof plating (5c) is provided.    USE -   For connecting battery to electrical equipment in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The cable has high water-proof property. Has few components and hence reduces time to be spent in connecting various equipments with battery. Connections are superior and dependable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of the cable. (1) Cable; (3a,4a) Holes; (5) Insulated layer; (5a,5b) Clamps; (5c) Water-proof plating.
NOVELTY - The cap (3) has a main exhaust hole (2) at the top, above a filter (8). The cap is fitted onto the battery by threads (4) over which a packing (7) and flange (5) are provided. In the internal surface of the packing, a supplementary exhaust hole (9) with a safety valve (10) which opens the hole through the entire width of the packing is provided.    USE -   For lead storage battery used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   When the filter in the lid clogs and main exhaust hole cannot release the internal pressure, the supplementary valve operates and releases pressure, thereby preventing bursting of the battery or its cap. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the battery cap with the safety valve, during normal times and during releasing excessive internal pressure. (2)Main exhaust hole; (3) Cap; (4) Threads; (5) Flange; (7) Packing; (8) Filter; (9) Supplementary exhaust hole; (10) Safety valve.
NOVELTY - The capacitor includes two electrodes with belt-like electricity collecting material having an electrode layer, and separators between the electrodes. A winding core has the electrodes and separators wound on it. Two electricity collecting plates are in contact with the electrodes. Both ends of the winding core are in direct or indirect contact with the collecting plates.    USE - For driving power source for driving vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced variation in electrical resistance due to avoiding variation in pressure at core. High capacitance density due to use of smaller contacts. Easy to manufacture due to structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a cross section of double layer capacitor    Positive electrode (31)    Negative electrode (32)    Separators (33)    Core (40)    Wound element (50)    Collecting plates (62,72)
NOVELTY - The membrane has a layer on one side which promotes catalytic combustion.    USE - To separate hydrogen from methanol reforming. To heat up a methanol reformer from cold.    ADVANTAGE - Catalytic combustion is used to heat the separator as rapidly as possible, for early hydrogen generation. The hydrogen is used in fuel cells of an electric vehicle, rapid warm-up being essential to fast getaway. Direct, flameless heating of the hydrogen separation membrane takes place very rapidly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (a) a methanol reformer (1) separating hydrogen (14) from product gases of the methanol-reforming reaction, where the separator is a membrane of the type described;    (b) operation of such a reforming plant, where during the cold start phase, before operational temperature is reached, the catalytic combustion process is carried out on the catalyst layer (13) side of the hydrogen separation membrane (9), and the gases to be burned, flow against this layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The block diagram shows the reformer in cold start mode; a further diagram in the disclosure portrays the heated-up mode of operation.    methanol reformer (1)    hydrogen separation membrane (9)    catalyst layer (13)    hydrogen (14)
NOVELTY - The redundant voltage supply has a generator (10) supplying two separate circuits, each containing a voltage storage device, e.g. a battery (15a,b), connected to the generator and to the supplied load (16) via respective switches (14a,b,17a,b) which are closed in the normal condition and opened to allow a defective circuit to be separated from the generator and the load.    USE - The voltage supply is used for an electrical load onboard a motor vehicle, e.g. electrically-operated brakes.    ADVANTAGE - The voltage supply can be maintained without damage to the supplied load.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a redundant voltage supply circuit.    Generator (10)    Switches (14a,b,17a,b)    Batteries (15a,15b)    Load (16)
NOVELTY - Fuel cells of the solid polyelectrolyte type in which the solid polyelectrolyte membrane has a controlled water content which is higher next to the negative electrode than to the positive electrode, in relation to the thickness of the membrane.    USE - As small, lightweight sources of energy, e.g. for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - A low-cost, high-power fuel cell in which the catalytic action of the membrane and hence the power output of the cell is increased by controlling the water content of the membrane. The effect of this is to promote back-diffusion of water from the positive electrode so as to compensate for the loss of water from the negative electrode and prevent excessive wetting of the positive electrode.
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack has gas feed lines, one or both of which contains a wetting and/or cooling liquid distributor connected to a sonic wave generator.    USE - In electric traction (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The liquid distributor provides uniform dosed moistening and/or cooling with high liquid (preferably water, optionally with additives such as wetting agents) usage efficiency, produces minimal increase in the fuel cell stack weight and size and is inexpensive to fit in the stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of wetting and/or cooling a fuel cell stack is provided, in which liquid droplets are produced by sonic waves immediately in front of the gas inlet of each cell of the stack for entrainment by the process gas stream onto active faces of the stack.    Preferred Features: The sonic generator is a piezoactuator which creates a standing wave in the liquid distributor and/or a liquid column, the half wavelength of the standing wave corresponding to the distance between two cells in the stack. The liquid distributor is a wick, wire, tube or liquid-filled hose. The fuel cell stack may also be air cooled, e.g. using elements as described in WO 9701827.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a liquid distributor in operation.    Liquid distributor (1)    Water supply direction (1a)    Piezoactuator (3)    Sonic wave (3b)
NOVELTY - A low temperature metal/sulfur battery has an anode comprising elemental sulfur, mixed or fused with iron (II) sulfide powder, which is reduced directly to sulfide ions.    USE - For all applications in which electrochemical cells, accumulators and fuels cells are used, including electrical traction applications.    ADVANTAGE - The battery can be used at room temperature, can employ aqueous solutions as electrolyte, has an open voltage corresponding to high temperature metal/sulfur batteries, has a capacity and energy density greater than those of conventional zinc/manganese dioxide cells and employs low cost materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A low temperature metal/sulfur battery has a separator for separating a novel positive pole (cathode) side from a conventional negative pole (anode) side comprising an anode of e.g. zinc, aluminum, sodium, lithium or their alloys and an anolyte of caustic potash, caustic soda, sodium chloride or ammonium chloride solution or, when sodium or lithium is used, an organic solvent or solid electrolyte. The cathode side comprises elemental sulfur which contains iron (II) sulfide powder in suspension or fused with the sulfur and which is reduced at an iron (II) sulfide or iron electrode at -30 to +60 degrees C in an aqueous caustic soda or potash solution mixed with sodium chloride to allow current flow from the anode to the cathode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a first prototype of a low temperature zinc/sulphur battery.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (30) is fed by apparatus including a fuel delivery device (40) incorporating a motor controller, pump (42) with reciprocating piston (48). A reformer system (20) connected to the pump outlet includes a vaporizer (22) which converts the fluid into a gas and so generates a back pressure with respect to the pump. The back pressure has a random component and varies with fluid flow rate.    USE - Positive displacement pump delivers fuel and/or water to fuel cell using direct oxidation of hydrogen-containing fuel for production of electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Provides an inexpensive, improved apparatus for delivery of fuel to a fuel cell against randomly variable back pressure .    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a fuel delivery system and reformer system.    Reformer system (20)    Vaporizer (22)    Fuel cell (30)    Fuel delivery device (40)    Pump (42)    Reciprocating piston (48)
NOVELTY - The tie rod (60) passes through a collar (65) fitted within a central opening of a load disk (84). Alternatively the collar and load disk may be fabricated as a single unit. The tie rod also passes through a stack of partially compressed disk springs (66) fitted between the load disk and a compression end plate (12). The components and threaded nut (64) press the end plate (12) towards the manifold end plate (14). Preferably, multiple disk springs are arranged in series to increase the range of deflection.    USE - Applies internal compressive force to fuel cell assemblies as the internal fluid pressure or fuel cell thickness varies.    ADVANTAGE - Provides for a fuel stack incorporating a compression assembly having a lower spring rate in the stack compression direction and a higher, or substantially infinite, spring rate in the stack expansion direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partial side sectional view of one of four compression assemblies.    Compression end plate (12)    End plate (12)    Manifold end plate (14)    Tie rod (60)    Threaded nut (64)    Collar (65)    Disk springs (66)    Load disk (84)
NOVELTY - The supply input terminal of the timer (130) is connected to the power supply terminal (112) of the battery, by a normally opened switch (116), during operation of the timer. The diodes (140,142) prevent current flow towards the enable input (134) of the timer, when the electromagnetic relay (118) is closed.    USE - For battery powered device used in motor vehicle, tractor.    ADVANTAGE - As current flow in the circuit, during non- usage and connected to power supply is prevented, battery capacity is raised.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The terminal (114) of an electromagnetic relay is connected to power supply terminal (112) of the battery (110). The other terminal (115) of the relay is connected to the lighting circuit (138). The relay is activated by a timer (130) that receives drive current from the battery. The current flow towards the lighting circuit is prevented by the diodes, when the relay is opened.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of time delay relay.    Battery (110)    Power supply terminal (112)    Terminals (114,115)    Switch (116)    Electromagnetic relay (118)    Timer (130)    Enable input (134)    Lighting circuit (138)    Diodes (140,142)
NOVELTY - A directional control valve (5) is connected to a flow priority port (PT1) to supply fluid to a hydraulic motor (4) for driving the generator. The surplus flow is discharged via a port (PT2) to an actuator (10B). The priority port (PT2) and pump (1A) together supplies fluid to actuators during generator drive and separately to the actuators during non-drive operation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A by-pass circuit has a directional control valve connecting the discharge pipe of the pump (1A) to the port (PT2).    USE -   For drive of generators used in construction machinery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents energy loss, as fluid passage through direction control valve during non-drive of generator is prevented. Operates both actuators at same velocity during generator drive, as surplus flow of fluid from one pump is mixed with discharge of other pump. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows hydraulic circuit during generator drive. (1A) Pump; (4) Hydraulic motor; (5) Directional control valve; (10B) Actuator; (PT1) Flow priority port; (PT2) Surplus priority port.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell consists of an inlet (2) and outlet (7) for modified gas and a metal filter (4). The metal filter diffuses the modified gas into a catalyst layer (5).    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Size is reduced and efficiency is enhanced. The action of catalyst is performed effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure illustrates the cross- sectional diagram of fuel battery. (1) Case; ; (2) Inlet; ; (3) Inlet space part; ; (4) Metal filter; ; (5) Catalyst layer; ; (6) Outlet space part; ; (7) Outlet.
NOVELTY - A motor (2) is connected to output shaft of an IC engine (1) through a transmission (5). The transmission varies the rotary speed of output shaft and transmits it to the motor for generating electricity which is then stored in a battery (8). The stored energy is supplied to the vehicle, as auxiliary power.    USE -   For supplying auxiliary power to hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Generates electricity from the regenerated power of output shaft of engine, efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a system block diagram of principal part of hybrid vehicle. (1) IC engine; (2) Motor; (5) Transmission; (8) Battery.
NOVELTY - A display meter (46), which displays remnant capacity of battery unit (40), is arranged in a handle (45) of a battery case (44) so that the display can be viewed by the person occupying a seat (11) of the wheelchair. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A battery housing chamber (41) is provided in the lower portion of the seat in the front, which is open, so that the battery unit can be installed and removed from the housing in front of the seat. The handle of the case is positioned projecting in front of the seat.    USE -   For electric wheelchair.    ADVANTAGE -   Protects battery unit during outdoor use from mud, stone or protrusion in the road surface. Enables wheelchair user to confirm remnant capacity of battery unit easily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan view of the wheelchair. (11) Seat; (40) Battery unit; (41) Battery housing chamber; (44) Battery case; (45) Handle; (46) Display meter.
NOVELTY - On the lower part of a battery housing (1) an air inlet valve (7) is provided and on the upper part an air inlet valve (9) is provided. A fan (10) installed near the outlet valve, circulates air around the batteries within the housing and ejects through the outlet valve.    USE -   To cool batteries of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies structure for direct blowing off air onto battery through inlet valve and protecting from water by providing valves at inlet and outlet with fan circulating air. Reduces cost by eliminating large sized resin duct and sealing junctions. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of battery cooling structure. (1) Housing; (7) Inlet valve; (9) Outlet valve; (10) Fan.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte contains a non-aqueous solvent containing 5-90 wt% of an aliphatic monocarboxylic ester and 10- 95 wt% of bipolar aprotic solvents, for dissolving hexafluoro antimonic acid quaternary onium salt.    USE -   For electrochemical capacitor for use in memory backup of electronic device and for use in power supply of electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrolyte has high electrical conductance and high electrochemical stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts sectional view of electro-chemical capacitor.
NOVELTY - The correction factor is calculated based on terminal voltage of the secondary battery when the charging or discharge current flow, from the battery is stopped for specific period. The calculated residual charge of the battery is corrected, based on calculated correction factor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The charging and discharging power of the secondary battery is calculated, based on measured charging and discharge current in the secondary battery. The residual charge of the battery is calculated, based on calculated charging and discharging power and preset total capacity of the battery. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for residual charge detector.    USE -   For secondary battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables detection of residual charge of battery in connection with advance of discharge or charge. Prevents inaccurate residual charge detection by error accommodation. Facilitates clear display of mean value of residual charge of battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of residual charge detector.
NOVELTY - The modifier (10) supplies anode gas (4) containing heating gas (2) and hydrogen, to battery (12). The inlet of modifier is equipped with anode gas recycling line (22) for carrying out recycle of anode waste gas from the anode side of battery.    USE -   For recycling anode waste gas in combined cycle power generation apparatus equipped with fuel battery and a gas turbine.    ADVANTAGE -   Retains operating temperature of plate modifier. Obtains high modified efficiency to the high voltage of about 7-8 atas. Regulates quantity of water vapor supply. Prevents carbon deposits in the high voltage bottom and offers stable modification reaction. Retains low carbon dioxide partial pressure by the cathode side. Improves maintenance efficiency of the entire plant. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of entire plan of combined power cycle generation installation. (2) Heating gas; (4) Anode gas; (10) Modifier; (12) Battery; (22) Recycle line.
NOVELTY - The solid polymer electrolyte includes anion exchange membrane which comprises an anion exchanger supported on a porous film made of polyolefin or polyfluoro olefin.    USE -   For methanol fuel battery used for domestic and industrial purpose.    ADVANTAGE -   The porous film with anion exchanger has heat resistant and alkali resistant property, enabling gaseous phase supply of methanol and reduces leakage of methanol. The electrolyte used in methanol fuel battery has a high output voltage with stability.
NOVELTY - Thick and thin electrode layers (114,135,115,134) are provided at either sides of collector layers (111,131), to constitute positive and negative electrodes (11,13). Separators (12,14) are interposed between thick and thin electrode layers, respectively. Several through-holes (116,136) are formed on collector layer, to perform conduction between electrode layers.    USE -   For battery used in power source of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As usage of capacitor at external side is eliminated, cost can be reduced. Offers high volume and load resistance property as thick and thin electrode layers are arranged at either sides of collector layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the polar zone cross-sectional view of battery. (11,13) Negative electrodes; (12,14) Separators; (111,131) Collector layers; (114,135) Thick electrode layers; (115,134) Thin electrode layers; (116,136) Through-holes.
NOVELTY - The terminal joint (3) and cable connector (6) are enclosed in a battery casing. A detent piece (9) of the joint terminal, contacts the side of battery (1).    USE -   In vehicle mounted battery terminal.    ADVANTAGE -   Since rotation of terminal is prevented by the detent piece, collision of terminal with other components is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of battery terminal. (1) Battery; (3) Terminal joint; (6) Cable connector; (9) Detent piece.
NOVELTY - Both anode and cathode, have a section (2) coated with collector material and a non-coated section (1) at one end. The collector lead (1a) of the non-coated section is bent at right angles, to which a terminal is connected.    USE -   For electric vehicle, electrically driven cart, video camera, personal computer, backup apparatuses used during service interruption and security apparatuses.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates lead wires for collectors, thereby subsequent bending of lead wires is eliminated. Prevents increase in lead resistance and concentration by directly connecting to terminal, thereby preventing deterioration due to heating. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows electrode structure. (1) Non-coated section; (1a) Collector lead part; (2) Coated section.
NOVELTY - A hybrid electric vehicle drive system includes at least one nickel metal hydride battery module having peak power density, P W/kg related to energy density, E Wh/kg such that P is greater than 1420 - 16E.    USE - Used for hybrid electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides higher power density generally greater than 1500 W/L combined with higher energy density, generally 130-250 Wh/L.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hybrid electric vehicle drive system comprises a combustion engine, an electric motor and at least one nickel metal hydride battery module having peak power density, P W/kg related to energy density, E Wh/kg such that P is greater than 1420 - 16E.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a hybrid electric vehicle having an integrated propulsion system comprising combustion engine, an electric motor, at least one nickel metal hydride battery configured for maximum peak power density and high energy density comprising a plurality of nickel metal hydride batteries, and means for governing power of engine and motor configured for optimum operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing graphically compares peak power output versus energy density for prior art nickel hydride batteries with batteries according to the invention.
NOVELTY - A separator plate (10) that extends beyond edges of substack separates fuel cell units in each of the substacks (11-14). The separator plate together with adjacent plate forms an internal oxidant gas feed path (24) that extends from the edges to center (25) of the plate. Electrolytes of fuel cell units and the plates have perforations that are surrounded by a manifold wet seal structure.    USE - In fuel cell stack system.    ADVANTAGE - Provides wet electrolyte manifold wet seals and peripheral wet seals to prevent reactant gas leakage inside or to the outside of the cell. Uniform cell temperature is provided by careful arrangement of fuel cells serviced by the separator plate, thereby achieving uniform flow path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of oxidant cooled separator plate.    Separator plate (10)    Substacks (11-14)    Internal oxidant gas feed path (24)    Center (25)
NOVELTY - An exchangeable plastic plug (14) with contacts (144) projecting from rear of plug body (141), is slidably pushfitted on a slidable seat (17). Contacts (144) abut the bent sections (181) of the contact (18), when the plug (14) projects from a lower case (11). A cylindrical cigarette lighter plug (15) is provided on an upper case (12).    USE - For adapting to sockets of different specifications and voltage in different countries by traveling persons. Is provided with cigarette lighter plug for converting ear's high voltage DC into low voltage dc for use by small electrical appliance such as charge mobile phones, electrical shavers, walkman, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates charging from electric power in motor vehicles with lighter plug. To prevent children from plugging into socket, when plug is not in use, the protecting cover is provided at rear end of electrical plug.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lower case (11) and the upper case (12) accommodate an electronic circuit board (13). A pair of electrical contacts (18) and an inner case (16) are fitted with a slidable seat (17). An output cable (131) is attached to the board (13).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded view of charger with exchangeable plug.    Lower case (11)    Upper case (12)    Board (13)    Plug (14)    Cigarette lighting plug (15)    Inner case (16)    Slide seat (17)    Electrical contacts(131) Output cable (18)    Contacts (144)    Plug body (141)
preparation of a perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether deriv. of formula CF2=CF(OCF2CFY)nOCF2CF2SO3Na comprises reacting a perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether iodide of formula CF2=CF(OCF2CFY)nOCF2CF2I (with Y=F or trifluoromethyl and n=1-3) with sodium bisulphite in a polar solvent in the presence of zinc or zinc-copper alloy.    USE -   Copolymerisation of the perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether derivs. with fluorinated olefins forms products for use in hydrophilic diaphragms, separation membranes and ion-exchange membranes.    ADVANTAGE -   The preparation can give perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether derivs. bearing a functional gp. in high yield economically by suppressing cyclisation reaction causing a fall in yield. The perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether derivs. can be polymerised in an aq. medium in the presence of a peroxide initiator.
NOVELTY - A battery supplies electric power to electric motor provided in a frame of a battery case (38), during which a lamp (57) arranged in the battery case is lighted.    USE -   For electric bicycle, car.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables irradiation of front side of vehicle using lamp. Unnecessitates need for wiring for supplying electric power to lamp. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of installation removal operation of battery unit. (38) Battery case; (57) Lamp.
NOVELTY - Control levers (511,512) are supported inside battery storage cases (291,292). During OFF position of the control levers, detachment of a battery (30) from the cases is prevented by lock mechanisms (581,582) and contacts (56,57) connected to a controller supplies power from the battery to the controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - When the control levers are in ON position, contact of wire contacts (56,57) with battery side contacts is prevented and power supply to the controller is interrupted.    USE -   For electrically assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE -   Number of parts is reduced and connection is sustained using lock mechanism without need for main switch. Contact failure of wire and battery contacts is prevented as contacts are moved for contacting, equally. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of position of control lever. (30) Battery; (56,57) Wire contact; (291,292) Battery storage case; (511,512) Control lever; (581,582) Lock mechanism.
NOVELTY - The power source unit (1) has a first power source (11) connected between two input terminals (a, b) of a current control circuit (13). A second power source (12) and an inverter (21) are connected across the output terminals (c, d) of the control circuit (13). The first power source may be a DC generator while the second power source may be a condenser. Energy transfer is performed between the main power source (11), the parallel connecting circuit of the second power source (12), and the power inverter (21).    USE - Control power supply for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced energy loss during power transfer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of power source unit.    Power source unit (1)    Main power source (11)    Second power source (12)    Current control circuit (13)    Power inverter (21)
NOVELTY - The vehicle has a frame (10) supporting front (16) and rear (18) axles that are driven by an electric motor (50) and a compressed natural gas (CNG) internal combustion engine (48) respectively. The frame sequentially supports an electric motor over the front axle, a set of batteries (56) near the center of the vehicle, a fuel tank (58) in front of the rear axle and the IC engine just to the rear of the rear axle.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The vehicle can use the IC engine under steady state conditions thus reducing the levels of emissions relative to conventional gasoline powered IC engines and during periods of acceleration or increased torque requirement the electric motor can then also be activated. The design locates the various components efficiently and economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vehicle has a frame with a pair of spaced apart rails (14) defining the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, to which a front and rear axle are attached that each support a pair of wheels. A CNG internal combustion engine is mounted slightly behind the rear axle and powers the rear wheels while an electric motor is mounted adjacent to the front axle and drives the front wheels.    A set of batteries are supported between the rails in the center of the vehicle that supply power to the electric motor and a fuel tank is disposed between the rails slightly in front of the rear axle between the batteries and the IC engine, to which it supplies fuel. Solar cells (60) may be placed on the roof of the vehicle for charging the batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Side and plan views of the hybrid vehicle.    Frame (10)    Rails (14)    Front axle (16)    Rear axle (18)    Compressed natural gas internal combustion engine (48)    Electric motor (50)    Batteries (56)    Fuel tank (58)    Solar cells (60)
NOVELTY - The assembly has a liquid cooled engine (16) for driving a generator (18) that it mounted on supports (24) in-between which the engine radiator (26) is positioned so that it is beneath the engine. The engine and generator are positioned within a walled enclosure (14) that has an intake (42) and an outlet (38) openings, that latter of which is adjacent the radiator, with a fan (20) moving air through the enclosure.    USE - For supplying power to run appliances and entertainment devices on a recreational vehicle, and for lights and other equipment on emergency service vehicles etc.    ADVANTAGE - The relocation of the radiator reduces the length of the generator assembly by five to twelve inches without adding to either the height of the width of the assembly, thereby reducing the volume required to install the assembly within a vehicle. The use of an enclosure for the assembly allows the air flow through the enclosure to be predetermined, with the resulting airflow not only cooling the engine and generator but also furnishing the combustion air for the engine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A sectional schematic view of the engine generator assembly.    Walled enclosure (14)    Engine (16)    Generator (18)    Fan (20)    Supports (24)    Radiator (26)    Air outlet (38)    Air intake (42)
NOVELTY - The circuit has a rotary transformer (10) with a primary and a secondary magnetic structure that are associated with the column side and the wheel side of the steering column, receptively. A circuit (20) generates a high power signal that is suitable for firing an airbag squib (50) and which is transferred from the column to the wheel side of the steering column through the rotary transformer as a wireless signal.    USE - For sending a firing signal to the squib of an airbag. The system can also be used for the communication of biasing power and driver control signals both to and from the steering wheel and the steering column.    ADVANTAGE - The use of a rotary transformer enables the system to be relatively simple and economical to manufacture and assemble as the requirements of mutli-ribbon cable and slip ring conductors are avoided. Provides high reliability and performance as there is no degradation of contacts etc. over time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A block diagram of the steering wheel control system.    Rotary transformer (10)    Squib firing signal control circuit (20)    Air bag squib (50)
NOVELTY - A flow of reaction air (26) is directed into an inlet (38) and an outlet (42) is provided in the outer side surface (40) and opposite side of outer surface of housing respectively. Number of projections (46) dissipate heat to cooling air flowing between two cells along the outer faces of surfaces arranged to cool the reaction air in each of outer chambers.    USE - For dissipating large quantities of heat from mechanically rechargeable zinc air battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since plastic is used for outer surface of housing, low weight of plastic attains acceptable vehicle performance. Extracts sufficient amount of heat from each cell which results in economic operation in road vehicle propulsion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each cell has a housing with two outer surfaces (16,16') and two spaced apart inner walls (18). The walls form a chamber (20) for containing a zinc electrode (22) and two outer chambers for receiving the reaction air. A pair of air electrodes (30), each electrode is installed in a window-like opening (32) provided in each of the walls. An electrolyte is held in the chamber (20) and contacts the zinc electrodes and air electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of the cell.    Outer surfaces (16,16')    Inner walls (18)    Chamber (20)    Zinc electrode (22)    Reaction air (26)    Air electrodes (30)    Window-like opening (32)    Inlet (38)    Outlet (42)    Outer side surface (40)    Outlet (42)    Projections (46)
NOVELTY - An infrared and far infrared ray radiator (5) is mounted on a secondary battery (1). The radiator consists of several kinds of metal powder and mineral powder which are coupled by binder.    USE -   For motor vehicles, portable telephones etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The charging, discharging characteristics and discharge capacity of secondary battery is improved efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the secondary battery. (1) Secondary battery; (5) Infrared and far infrared ray radiator.
NOVELTY - A mixing unit (38) mixes the heated fuel gas with anode gas that contains hydrogen. The mixed gas is supplied to the anode of a fuel battery (20). The mixture of cathode waste gas and air is supplied to the heater (36) and the cathode through the circulation line (3). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel battery generates power from cathode gas containing oxygen and anode gas containing hydrogen. A heater (36) heats the fuel gas, by anode and cathode waste gas ejected from the fuel battery.    USE -   For fuel battery based power generator.    ADVANTAGE -    Enables arbitrary setting of temperature and pressure of plant based on efficiency. Prevents heat loss during release of heat from battery as amount of air consumed is less and thereby prevents power loss of CO2recycled blower. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows entire block diagram of fuel battery based power generator. (3) Circulation line; (20) Fuel battery; (36) Heater; (38) Mixing unit.
NOVELTY - Two or more cells (43) having anode (48), cathode (49) and non-aqueous electrolyte are connected in series and/or parallel. A spacer (44) made of insulating plastic or rubber, is positioned at the side of each cell.    USE -   In lithium secondary battery pack used in video camera, portable telephone, note book PC, electric wheel chair.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers compact secondary battery pack which excels in heat dissipation property. Reduction of battery capacity is prevented. The chances of ignition and fixing are also low. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the battery pack. (43) Cells; (44) Spacer; (48) Anode; (49) Cathode.
NOVELTY - The polymer electrolyte consists of an ionic polymer complex obtained by the reaction of a solid electrolyte (having two or more cationic end groups) and a polyhalide compound.    USE -   For fuel batteries, lithium batteries etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrochemical reaction in the battery, can be quickly promoted using the electrolyte. The mobility of the cation is remarkably improved and ionic conductivity is enhanced. The cation transport number is also increased.
NOVELTY - Solar concentrator (13) installed on the roof is connected to a battery (14) arranged in the rear side. A reel (21) installed on a methane generator (5) is wound with a flexible pipe. The reel is connected to the battery and is also wrapped with wiring extended from the battery. A parabolic antenna (7) is installed on the roof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Sordes tank (6) of a methane generator (5) extends to lower section of an open-closable driving seat (4) that also serves as toilet seat. The seat is provided with an opening for excretion.    USE -   The eco-trailer used as mobile dwelling.    ADVANTAGE -   The structure of the generator for methane from excretion used in cooking is simple. Electrical energy is acquired by solar concentrator and communication signals are acquired by parabolic antenna. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of eco-trailer. (4) Seat; (5) Methane generator; (6) Sordes tank; (7) Parabolic antenna; (13) Solar concentrator; (14) Battery; (21) Reel.
NOVELTY - Molten metal is continuously supplied to an engraving lump slot for cast formation in a cylindrical casting mold drum (1). A buffer mechanism is provided in the casting mold surrounding surface (1a).    USE -   Used for lead storage batteries used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Damage is not caused to drum surround surface in spite of thermal expansion. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the drum used for casting the lattice object. (1) Drum; (1a) Casting mold surrounding surface.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical wound lithium battery has a profiled conductor (5), fixed on a bare electrode support border, and a flat conductive disk (9) fixed on the wound support edge and electrically connected to a terminal (10).    USE - As a lithium battery e.g. of the type LixC6, LixCoO2, LixNiO2 or LixMnO2, especially for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The design facilitates industrial production of a reliable connection between the electrode support and the terminal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a cylindrical wound lithium battery, in which each electrode (1) comprising a conductive support coated with active material paste, a profiled conductor (5) of thickness at least equal to that of the support is fixed on a paste-free longitudinal border of the support and a flat conductive disk (9) is fixed on the wound support edge for electrical connection to a terminal (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an electrode winding according to the invention.    Electrode (1)    Profiled conductor (5)    Central core (7)    Winding (8)    Collector disk (9)    Terminal (10)    Threaded insulator (11)
NOVELTY - The current collector (7) is formed from a rectangular flat plate (7a) with an I-shaped cutout hole (7b) passing the plate center, ending proximate the outer peripheral edge parts (7d). A rib-formed projection (7e) of the I-shaped cutout crosses the electrode plate coiling start terminal part of the electrode plate assembly and so can secure welding spots over a wide region in the diameter direction of the electrode plate assembly.    USE - For spirally wound cylindrical storage batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The storage battery permits charge and discharge at high rate through the current collector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top view of the current collector which is welded to the upper part of the electrode plate assembly.    Current collector (7)    Rectangular flat plate (7a)    I-shaped cutout hole (7b)    Rectangular cutout parts (7c)    Outer edge parts (7d)    Rib-formed projection (7e)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell is a unit construction system with a number of end plates (1,2) and current collectors (3,4), each with differently shaped openings (12,12a) for reaction medium delivery and removal, electrodes with catalyzer material applied qualitatively and quantitatively differently and resistance elements (15) which can be connected to the current collectors, which can be assembled to form fuel cells with different characteristics    USE - For training purposes    ADVANTAGE - Enables the user to arrange the cell's different operating efficiency by its partic. construction    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell is supplied with a fuel and with oxygen as a reaction medium and contains electrodes between two perforated or porous current collectors. The electrodes contain an electrolyte membrane and carry catalyzer material. End plates with openings for delivery and removal of the reaction medium are connected to both sides of the current collectors via sealing elements.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a fuel cell with a resistance element which can be coupled to its current tapping connection    end plates (1,2)    current collectors (3,4)    resistance element (15)    openings (12,12a)
NOVELTY - Membranes contain a sulfonated aromatic polyetheretherketone (sPEEK) of formula (I) having an ion exchange equivalent of 1.35-1.95 mmol -SO3H/g polymer. The membrane, at an operating voltage of 0.4-1.1 V, has a long-term stability of at least 1000 h. x + y = 1.    USE - As membranes in fuel cells and electrolysis cells.    ADVANTAGE - Membranes made from sPEEK polymers having chemical and physical properties within the claimed limits give problem-free service times of at least 1000 hours, especially at least 3000 hours and particularly at least 4000 hours in fuel cells and electrolysis cells, without using a perfluorinated material as required previously.
The network includes a first power supply (U1) which can be fed by a motor vehicle battery (B) for supplying loads requiring low voltage. A second power supply (U2) is used to supply loads requiring higher voltage. A third power supply (U3) is provided for the starting operation or generator operation of a starter generator (SG) which is coupled to a combustion engine (VB).    A switching or coupling unit (V1-V3) couples either the first power supply to the second power supply or the third power supply via a DC-DC converter (HSST) for a starting operation or for coupling the third power supply in a generator operation to the second power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not require complex hardware and software. Requires only one DC-DC converter. Reduces battery drain.
NOVELTY - Exhaust gas (G) from an exhaust tube flows in an inner cylinder (19). The inner cylinder has heat retention surface (19a) in which heat retention fins (21) are formed. Heat-retention fin has plate-shaped objects with mutually different height, which are arranged parallelly along the gas flow direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A heat-dissipation surface (13a) is formed as an outer cylinder (11) opposing to the heat-retention surface. A high temperature end face (33a) adhered to the heat- retention surface has a thermoelectric conversion module (33).    USE -   For generating electrical power using heat of exhaust gas ejected from engine of motor vehicle, reactor of factory.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides enlarged output of electricity as collection efficiency of exhaust heat is high. As gaseous- diffusion efficiency is raised, thermoelectric conversion efficiency is also raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of power generator. (11,19) Outer and inner cylinders; (13a) Heat-dissipation surface; (19a) Heat retention surface; (21) Fins; (33) Conversion module; (33a) End face.
NOVELTY - Charge storage circuit (3) has current controller to regulate drive current supplied to electric motor (4) from generator (2). Generator is connected to output shaft of engine (1). Drive control of engine and motor as well as control of connection mechanism between shafts of engine and drive wheel (6) is done based on running area of vehicle.    USE -   For series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises life of secondary battery by utilizing electric power stored in capacitor for driving electric motor. Enables to obtain maximum driving force by utilizing outputs of both secondary battery and charge storage apparatus. Design of engine can be done below the maximum driving force of vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the component of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle. (1) Engine; (2) Generator; (3) Charged storage circuit; (4) Electric motor; (6) Wheel.
NOVELTY - When the output of solar battery that charges the capacitor bank (2) and the temperature near the cooling unit raises, drive circuit of fan motor (5) is switched ON by a thermo switch attached near cooling unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A charging limitation circuit (3) connected with electrical double layer capacitor bank (2) is charged by a solar battery (1) attached in vehicle. A fan motor (5) is driven by the charging current of the capacitor bank, which is controlled by a current limiter (4).    USE -   Cooling engine of car.    ADVANTAGE -   Cooling of car engine can be performed continuously even when the motor vehicle is in shade, since the generated output of solar battery is stored in capacitor bank. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit block diagram of vehicular cooling system. (1) Solar battery; (2) Capacitor bank; (3) Charging limitation circuit; (4) Current limiter; (5) Fan motor.
NOVELTY - A separator film (13) is arranged between inner side cylinder walls (15) of abbreviation cross-sectional ring- like battery case (14) and outer side cylinder walls (16). An internal electrode (30) is spirally wound such that positive electrode board (11) and negative electrode plate (12) do not contact mutually through the separator film.    USE -   For electric vehicles e.g. hybrid car.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature change within battery is maintained uniform, hence partial vaporization of electrolyte is suppressed and elevation of battery internal pressure is restrained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of structure of lithium secondary battery. (11) Positive electrode board; (12) Negative electrode plate; (13) Separator film; (14) Battery case; (15) Inner side cylinder walls; (16) Outer side cylinder walls; (30) Internal electrode.
NOVELTY - The internal electrode (20) is constituted by winding so that anode (11) and cathode (12) does not contact directly and a separator film (13) is placed between them. Lithium battery contain non-aqueous electrolyte in metal battery case (14). Internal electrode is covered by electrolytic proof elastic material.    USE -   For electronic machines e.g. personal computer and communication equipments. Also for actuating motor in electric vehicles and as power supply for electric power preservation.    ADVANTAGE -   Peeling of electrode active material is avoided thereby reducing internal resistance of internal electrode to suppress cycle deterioration. The failure and the accident due to the disconnection of battery inside is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of internal electrode of the lithium secondary battery. (11) Anode; (12) Cathode; (13) Separator film; (14) Battery case; (20) Internal electrode.
NOVELTY - Heat output during generation of electricity from water is used to ferment organic waste and produce methane which is used to generate electricity.    USE -   Used for processing organic waste obtained from food industry and fishing industry for power generation.    ADVANTAGE -    The by-products CO2 and H2O can be utilized for recycling during waste fermentation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic block diagram of apparatus used for electricity generation from waste.
NOVELTY - A junction ring (12) provided with nickel coating projects from a flange (10F). Metallic layer comprising Mo-Mn is formed on an alumina ring (11) where the junction ring contacts. At the junction of the rings, soldering (30) is performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric insulator pipe coupling.    USE -   In gas piping in high temperature atmosphere in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   By using insulated flange, compressive stress is always applied to alumina ring under 1100C. Favourable seal property is maintained even under 700-800C during running of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of insulated coupling. (10F) Flange; (11) Alumina ring; (12) Junction ring; (30) Soldering.
NOVELTY - A terminal (P) extends from the electromotive force generator (D) in a battery case (C) and is coated with protective film (F) of insulated sheet with a notch positioned externally to the case. Thermobonding of inner surface of battery case with a protective film is carried out.    USE -   In battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since insulation sheet is coated on terminal, rigidity increases and hence stability is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded perspective view of battery. (C) Battery case; (D) Electromotive force generator; (F) Protective film; (P) Terminal.
NOVELTY - A bind wiring (50) is connected between adjacent batteries (4) on front and rear directions. A bus bar (51) is connected between adjacent batteries on right and left sides. Another bus bar (52) is connected between adjacent batteries on right and left side, ranging over a group. A bind wiring (53) connects adjacent batteries vertically.    USE -   For battery unit used in hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The extrusion and curvature of wiring are restrained. The whole battery can be wired serially by shortest length and hence compact battery pack is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of battery unit. (4) Batteries; (50,53) Bind wiring; (51,52) Bus bar.
NOVELTY - Two pegs (21) provided to a rotator (5) for effecting the rotation passes, from two effecting aperture (10) of two recesses (9), through each of two holders (3). The two holders slide in the opposite direction and connect and disconnect many positive and negative posts of many batteries (1), depending on the rotation direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The batteries are accommodated in a casing (2). The recesses are provided centrally in a cover (4) which covers the casing. By attaching the pegs, the holders are coupled with the cover. Two interconnecting connection pieces (15) are provided, each end of which are connected pivotably and individually to the two holders. An attachment slot (14) is provided in each holder for attaching the free ends of the peg. The positive and negative posts are provided protruding from the top of the batteries. Many electrically conducting connectors (13) are provided to the holders which engage and disengage the positive and negative posts of adjoining batteries when the holders are made to slide by the rotators.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves safety of connecting and disconnecting the posts of batteries as the holders are operated only after the assembly of the cover with casing. Facilitates safe handling of batteries with casing by disconnecting the electric connection between the batteries. Performs equal amount of sliding of the pair of holders by forming the structure symmetrically. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded isometric view of the connection structure of the batteries. (1) Battery; (2) Casing; (3) Holder; (4) Cover; (5) Rotator; (9) Recess; (10) Aperture; (13) Connector; (14) Slot; (15) Interconnecting connection piece; (21) Pegs.
NOVELTY - Two battery boxes (5) are arranged between two side frames (1) of the bus. Many battery box fixing attachments (6,10) are provided for each box. Two spaces (13,14) are formed between the adjoining attachments (10) for passing through the attachment (6). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several batteries (3) are accommodated in each of the battery boxes. The attachments (6) protrude from the battery towards the side frames and are fixed on the top of the attachments (10) protruding from the side frames towards the battery boxes.    USE -   For electrically driven car, bus and truck with low cabin floor or loading chamber.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates easy removal of battery boxes for exchanging batteries. Improves the workability by providing spaces for passing through the first attachment. Enables to remove the battery boxes within a narrow space by facilitating removal of battery boxes from underneath the vehicle. Facilitates forming low floor in cabin or loading chamber of bus, truck thereby enables disabled person to get in along with wheel chair using a slop removal and loading of luggage, by accommodating battery under the floor. Improves rigidity of car frames by the function of the battery boxes as strengthening frames. Prevents movement of batteries by providing battery straps thereby improves safety and dependability of the vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a typical plan view of the battery mounting structure for electrically driven vehicle. (1) Side frames; (3) Batteries; (5) Battery box; (6) First attachment; (10) Second attachment; (13,14) Spaces.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte in unit cell has good sensitivity even at temperature lower than the intermediate cell group. The intermediate cell group electrolyte has less sensitivity even at temperature higher than the end plate cell group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A battery is supported by upper, lower end plates (21, 22) and has unit cell (7), end plate cell and intermediate cell group. The unit cell contains anode (2), cathode (3), separator (4) and electrolyte board (1).    USE -   Laminated fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Battery has uniform property and good durability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The figure shows the perspective diagram of fuel battery. (1) Electrolyte board, (2) anode, (3) cathode, (4) separator (7) unit cell, (21, 22) upper and lower end plates.
NOVELTY - Intercalation compound is lithium metallic oxide compound (LiNi1-x Coy Ma M'b O2 ) where M is chosen from titanium, zirconium or its mixture, M' is chosen from magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium or its mixture, x is 0-0.5, y is 0- 0.5, a is 0-0.15, b (intercalation compound) is 0-0.15 and x = y+a+b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The intercalation compound is lithium metallic oxide compound (LiNi1-x Coy Ma M'b O2) where M is titanium, M' is magnesium, a is equal to b or b is greater than a and 0.1y0.3a. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: production of intercalation compound and; cathode material of lithium cell using intercalation compound    USE -   As cathode material for lithium ion battery and lithium cell used for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The loss of irreversible capacity during cycle of intercalation compound is reduced. Therefore ratio capacity is high. The intercalation compound has excellent cycle characteristics and thermal stability during charging.
NOVELTY - A lithium-rich carbon product of formula (I) is new.    USE - Especially as a negative electrode in a lithium ion battery useful for powering portable electronic equipment and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The product is richer in lithium than known graphite insertion compounds used for the above application so that an increased electrochemical capacity is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A new lithium-rich carbon product has the formula LiNaxCyOz (I)    x = 0.4 to 0.6;    y = 2.5 to 3.5; and    z = 0.2 to 1.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) Preparation of the above product (I) by lithium ion insertion into a graphite-sodium-oxygen compound; and    (2) A lithium battery in which the negative electrode consists of the above product (I).
NOVELTY - A high temperature fuel cell (2) has two plate-like components (4, 6) joined together by a glass-solder layer (22) which partially fills channel recesses (14, 16) in the component joint faces (12, 20).    USE - As a high temperature fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The channel recesses provide reservoirs of glass-solder to replace any glass-solder expelled from the joint by differential pressure so that the fuel cell has a life at least ten times longer than conventional fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a stack of the above high temperature fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a section of a high temperature fuel cell.    High temperature fuel cell (2)    Plate-like components (4, 6)    Joint region (8)    Joint (10)    Joint surfaces (12, 20)    Channel recesses (14, 16)    Glass-solder layer (22)    Spacer (24)
The wind-duct wind-driven power generation equipment has electric power-driven vehicle as carrier. The generation equipment uses the wind force produced by running vehicle, and utilizes the wind duct and breastplate mounted in the wind duct to fully use wind force to drive several wind power generators to generate power simultaneously.    USE -   for Use in electric traffic implements.    ADVANTAGE -   Can be mounted on the various vehicles. Does not change the function of original carrier, and adds the power generation function, and can supplement the carries with electric energy, can reduce energy consumption and pollution.
NOVELTY - The separator comprises a stainless steel substrate S having carbon particles, such as graphite powder GP and an aggregate CA of a carbon black, dispersed and press-bonded to the surface of the substrate in an island form.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Contact resistance is low because carbon powder having high conductivity is dispersed in the surface of the stainless steel substrate S having high oxidation resistance, and the occurrence of Joule heat which would otherwise result in a heat loss can be suppressed, even when a large number of cells are stacked.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon particles are preferably bonded to the surface of the substrate S through a diffusion layer DL. The carbon particles may be dispersed in a plating layer, or a film component may be thermally decomposed after the carbon particles are dispersed in the film.
NOVELTY - AC motors (30,32,34) are powered by an n-pole electric generator (14) which has even number of poles. The motors (30,32,34) are respectively coupled to isolators (36,38,40) respectively. The isolators are controlled to connect phase winding of corresponding motor directly to that of generator.    USE - For propelling aircraft, ground based vehicles, auxiliary power unit, industrial electric generator.    ADVANTAGE - Cost is reduced as frequency or voltage converters are not required for transmitting power at multiple speeds. Weight and noise is reduced as gear box is not required. Reliability is increased as oil based lubrication system is not required. Degree of freedom of location of auxiliary system is increased as it need not be placed close to gas turbine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Speed of the motor directly connected to the generator is approximately equal to the product of generator speed and pole ratio of the motor. The pole ratio of each motor is equal to number of poles of generator divided by that of the motor. The phase winding of the motors are switched in different combination to produce different pole configuration and their corresponding isolation is controlled to connect different combination of switchable phase winding of motor so that of generator. Switching poles of motor changes speed of motor. The motors have different number of poles and their speech are different. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of operating a set of motors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents block diagram of gear boxless auxiliary system.    N-pole electric generator (14)    AC motors (30,32,34)    Isolators (36,38,40)
NOVELTY - The amplified and filtered signal is input to one of the input terminal of a comparator and latch circuit (90). When other input terminal is coupled to an adjustable voltage reference. When the amplified signal frequency exceeds a predetermined threshold, a control signal is output from comparator and latch circuit to activate FET (16) and drive the load circuit (20).    USE - For vehicle accessory (i.e) overhead console, radar detector.    ADVANTAGE - Filters ignition noise reliably and provides hysteresis latch circuit which outputs control signal to apply power to load selectively, thus need of ignition conductor becomes unnecessary.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Battery conductor (12) is coupled to AC input of an amplifier (30) having a pair value 50 and it amplifies HF noise. The output of amplifier is given to an active high pass filter (50). The filtered output signal is given to the amplifier (70) and the filtered signal is amplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows electrical circuit diagram of ignition sensor circuit.    Battery conductor (12)    FET (16)    Load circuit (20)    Amplifiers (30,70)    High pass filter (50)    Latch circuit (90)
NOVELTY - A driven side magnetic unit (105) having a planar permanent magnet (105a) is fixed to a following shaft. A motor side magnetic unit (106) having planar permanent magnet (106a), is fixed to a revolving shaft (51), opposite to driven side magnetic unit with predefined gap inbetween, thereby contacting specific portion (53a) of an electric motor (5). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An extension member (101) contacting a predetermined portion (52) of an electric motor (5), extends from the side of electric motor towards the side of following shaft (15). A holder (103) which holds a bearing (104) supporting the following shaft rotatably, is arranged on the peripheral portion (101a) of the extension member.    USE -   In motor for air blower of vehicle mounted battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppression of variation in magnetic gap between the two magnetic units, is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of magnetic coupling structure. (5) Electric motor; (51) Revolving shaft; (52,53a) Portions of electric motor; (101) Extension member; (101a) Peripheral portion; (103) Holder; (104) Bearing; (105) Driven side magnetic unit; (105a) Permanent magnet; (106) Motor side magnetic unit.
NOVELTY - Casing (6) has inlet (7) through which suction of air is performed. Multiple centrifugal multiblade fan (3) blasts the air towards the lower part of secondary battery (2). Exhaust air comes out through exhaust port (8) formed on the upper side of the battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Electric motor (5) performs the rotation of the fan shaft. The motor, centrifugal multiblade fan and battery are placed in a case.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Rationalization of motor arrangement position is attained thus reducing manufacturing cost of battery apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of battery apparatus. (2) Secondary battery; (3) Centrifugal multiblade fan; (5) Electric motor; (6) Casing; (7) Inlet; (8) Exhaust port.
NOVELTY - An U-shaped driving hook (15a), fixed to the drive shaft (16), transmits a turning effort through an elastic unit (15c) to an U-shaped driven hook (15b) mounted to a fan shaft (4). The drive shaft is driven by the drive unit. An impeller is mounted to the fan shaft.    USE -   For hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables absorption of misalignment between fan and drive shaft as elastic unit is deformable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows isometric view of coupling. (4) Fan shaft; (15a) Driving hook; (15b) Driven hook; (15c) Elastic unit; (16) Drive shaft.
A polymer electrolyte comprises a sulphonated polymer obtd. by sulphonating a precursor polymer with a reduced viscosity in DMF at concn. of 1wt/v% at 25 C of 0.6-1.5 dl/g contg. repeating units of formula (1).    ADVANTAGE -   The polymer electrolyte are economical and soluble in organic solvents and have thermoplasticity and thus mouldability and processability, high water resistance and high output performance.
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon gas is supplied to a modifier (12) and hydrogen (9) is generated. The generated hydrogen is passed through a hydrogen separation membrane (16a) which is placed between a modifier and a permeation chamber (16). The hydrogen is ejected along with the sweep gas (15) supplied in the permeation chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifier is filled with catalyst (3) and a high thermal conductive thin plate (14a) separates the modifier from heat chamber (14). The pressure increase in the modifier is maintained by the permeation chamber. The rate of flow of sweep gas is set to a predetermined value so that, the partial pressure of hydrogen in modifier is higher than permeation chamber. The hydrogen separation membrane used is a palladium alloy film with thickness maintained at 400 C temperature. A recycle line is provided to return the gas into the modifier.    USE -   For electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   The hydrogen ejected through separation membrane has high quality improvement rate at comparatively low temperature. The low partial pressure of hydrogen in modified chamber is eliminated by producing reverse transparency and the transmittance of hydrogen is increased. The recycle line provided, increases the modified indoor hydrogen partial pressure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block view of pressure application reformer. (3) Catalyst; (9) Hydrogen; (12) Modifier; (14) Heat chamber; (15) Sweep gas; (16) Permeation chamber; (16a) Hydrogen separation membrane.
NOVELTY - The battery (110) is positioned such that the bulbs (135) of head light are arranged in its right and left side.    USE -   In two wheeler.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers raise in maintenance property of bulb since battery is not obstructive in maintenance of bulb. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan view of battery arrangement structure. (110) Battery; (135) Bulb.
NOVELTY - The battery (5) is fixed to a battery installation space (6) by a fixing member (8). One end of the fixing member is fitted to the installation area of a frame (3) by a nut (9) and a plate (12). A hook (13) provided at the other end of the fixing member is fitted to the installation area of the side wall (2) by a clamp bracket (14). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery installation space is provided between the frame and the side wall which extends along the car body.    USE -   For vehicle e.g. car.    ADVANTAGE -   Achieves effective usage of car body by fixing battery in battery installation space between frame and side wall. Stabilizes movement of battery during collision of vehicle. Simplifies fixing battery using fixing member. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the battery attachment structure. (2) Side wall; (3) Frame; (5) Battery; (6) Installation space; (8) Fixing member; (9) Nut; (12) Plate; (13) Hook; (14) Clamp bracket.
NOVELTY - The battery box (20) is actuated to a power supply by the motor provided in a car. The frame of a battery box has a vertical partition where some batteries (4) are horizontally arranged in the partition space.    USE -   For cars equipped with motors.    ADVANTAGE -   The height, weight increase, structure of framework are restrained to a minimum extent. High strength of the framework is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the cross- sectional view of battery box. (4) Battery; (20) Battery box.
NOVELTY - A complex oxide of a base metal such as copper containing platinum group metal and rare earth metal is dispersed in activated alumina and coated on the surface of a ceramic integrated carrier, to form the catalyst which selectively oxidizes carbon-monoxide (CO) in hydrogen gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) Manufacture of oxidation catalyst which involves hydrothermal reaction of a carbonate with the intermediate formation of bicarbonate compound. (ii) method of removing CO from mixed gas containing hydrogen as the principal component and also oxygen and CO. CO is selectively converted to carbon dioxide (CO2), which is separated from the gaseous mixture.    USE -   For fuel battery used as electric power generator, car battery system etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The reduction of the complex metal oxide in a catalyst to its metals is prevented. The amount of oxygen necessary for CO oxidation is supplied and the concentration of CO is monitored thereby selective oxidation of CO is performed. Time-dependent deterioration of the catalyst is reduced.
NOVELTY - The motor (4) is driven with power from a solar battery (17) by the power supply apparatus (6). When the power demand exceeds the output of solar battery, the power from a fuel battery is added to the power supply apparatus. When the power supply demand increases the sum of outputs, then the power from a storage battery (15) is also added.    USE -   For electric vehicle e.g. electric car.    ADVANTAGE -   The consumption of hydrogen in fuel battery is reduced as the total power consumption from it is based on traffic situation. The load capacity of the vehicle can be increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the side view of an electric car. (4) Motor; (6) Power supply apparatus; (15) Storage battery; (17) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - When power supplied by fuel battery (11) to motor (4) is insufficient, power storage unit (6) is charged by solar battery (17).    USE -   For motor power supply in electric car.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables charging of storage unit effectively according to power supply judgment. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of energy storage controller. (4) Motor; (6) Power storage unit; (11) Fuel battery; (17) solar battery.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (17) supplies the power to motor drive unit (6), initially. In the later stage, power is fed by fuel battery and secondary battery (15). A controller adjusts the ratio of power supply from fuel battery and secondary battery.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The usage efficiency of solar battery for power supply is increased. The consumption of hydrogen in fuel battery is less, so it enables the usage of high load electric vehicles. The optimum ratio of power supply from fuel battery and secondary battery can be carried out due to installation of control element. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of power supply of electric vehicle. (6) Motor drive unit; (15) Secondary battery; (17) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - An electrode plate (11) formed, is articulated when external threads (18a,18b) of nut (17) in a rotation member (16) are screwed in different directions. A wire (C) is connected with the electrode plate using a connection (13). The connection and the electrode plate are made up of conductive material.    USE -   For battery of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Surface contact is enabled even if periphery of electrode plate projects from upper surface of battery, thus reliable electrode connection terminal is obtained. Does not influence of wire during connection of electrode plate, thus improves workability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of electrode connection terminal. (11) Electrode plate; (13) Connection; (16) Rotation member; (17) Nut; (18a,18b) Threads; (C) Wire.
NOVELTY - When connecting a worm tooth of connection part (12) in the grooves (15), electrode plate articulated and crimped with a wire (C) using a connector (13). The connection and electrode plate are made of conductive material.    USE -   In battery of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrode plate is made into a ring shaped, so that the electrode plate can perform a surface contact and current capacity is secured. Does not require rotation tool, thus connection operation is simplified. The polarity of wire is not influenced by the electrode plate thus operativity is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of electrode connection terminal. (12) Connection part; (13) Connector; (15) Grooves; (C) Wire.
NOVELTY - The length of overlapping ends of a ring shaped flexible electrode plate (11) in a battery terminal (10) is adjusted by an adjustment unit (12). A connector (13) connects a wire (C) and the electrode plate. The interior and the connection surfaces of the electrode plate are made of conductive material.    USE -   In vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Secures current capacity since the electrode plate can be made to close according to desired length and perform surface contact. Connection operation can be done easily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of battery terminal. (10) Battery terminal; (11) Electrode plate; (12) Adjustment unit; (13) Connector; (C) Wire.
NOVELTY - A whorl electrode (1) is formed by laminating two or more positive electrode boards (2) and negative electrode plates (3), through a separator. The positive electrode board and the negative electrode plates are obtained by corresponding active material formation on both sides of respective collectors.    USE -   For cylindrical secondary battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Productivity is improved and rolling up of positive and negative electrode plates is accelerated. The frequency of winding positive and negative electrode plates is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows the isometric view of the disassembled structure of cylindrical secondary battery. (1) Whorl electrode; (2) Positive electrode boards; (3) Negative electrode plates.
NOVELTY - Several unit cells (1) are enclosed in gas insulated pipeline and connected in series to form a fuel battery. A cooling plate is interposed between the poles. The power is generated based on hydrogen, air present in fuel, air pole respectively.    For fuel battery.    The fuel battery of uniform temperature and current distribution is obtained by connecting unit cells parallelly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of unit cell in fuel battery. (1) Unit cells.
NOVELTY - Fuel battery (5) has a hydrogen absorbing alloy tank (3) formed from hydrogen absorbing alloy (2). The polarity of DC electric power supplied from a battery (6) to a thermoelectric module (4) formed from a thermoelectric semiconductor material, is changed by a polarity changing switch (7).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel battery operating method.    USE -   In fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves operation efficiency by reducing power consumption. Enables to occlude hydrogen easily in hydrogen absorbing alloy tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the composition of fuel battery. (2) Absorbing alloy; (3) Alloy tank; (4) Thermoelectric module; (5) Fuel battery; (6) Battery; (7) Changing switch.
NOVELTY - The modifier (10) consists of a high pressure high temperature reactor (10b). The reactor performs partial combustion of a raw material gas (2) containing water vapor to obtain a modified gas (4) containing hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel battery installation. The installation consists of a plate modifier (12) containing two chambers (Re,H). A combustor (14) which supplies combustion gas to the heat chamber (H) is connected to the flat modifier. The modified gas is supplied to the plate modifier where the residual raw material gas is also modified.    USE -   For fuel battery installation.    ADVANTAGE -   Operating temperature of the plate modifier is maintained. Modifying efficiency of the raw material gas is enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure illustrates the entire block diagram of a fuel battery installation equipped with modifier. (2) Raw material gas; (4) Modified gas; (10) Modifier; (10b) Reactor; (12) Plate modifier; (14) Combustor.
NOVELTY - The exhaust gas from air pole side is supplied to a nitrogen PSA device (38) to obtain oxygen and nitrogen. The residual gas from fuel pole side is given to oxygen PSA device (40) to obtain carbon dioxide and unreacted fuel. The remaining fuel obtained from oxygen PSA unit is burnt and argon gas product is obtained. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Modified gas generator from hydrocarbon raw material and oxygen are supplied to a battery (32) and electric power is generated.    USE -   Carbon dioxide collection in fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Release of carbon dioxide in atmosphere air is reduced and useful by-products such as nitrogen gas and argon gas are produced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows process flow of battery electricity generation system. (32) Battery; (38,40) PSA device.
NOVELTY - The battery case has fuel gas cylinder (1) and battery main unit (3) which generates electricity in response to the supply of heating gas and oxidizing agent. Gas is fed to the main unit by pipeline and amount of supply of gas is controlled by automatic decompression valve (47).    USE -   For power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Electricity generation from fuel battery is a stable process even if the heating gas and oxidizing agent does not humidify.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the inner parts of solid polymer fuel battery. (1) Fuel gas cylinder; (3) Battery main unit; (47) Decompression valve.
NOVELTY - A common spillway (26) is arranged at downstream of a module (24) and waste water and gas that flows out of fuel chamber and oxidizing chamber drains through it and extends to hole (30). A drain hole (34) is formed in downstream end of module as extension of the hole (30) such that module is always in the upstream side of the drain holes even during inclined state of module.    USE -   For solid polymeric fuel battery to drain waste water and gas.    ADVANTAGE -   Since draining and wastage is complete, reduction in electricity generation accompanied by accumulation of waste fluid in common spillway is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows cross sectional view of drainage structure in inclined state of module. (24) Module; (26) Spillway; (30) Hole; (34) Drain hole.
NOVELTY - Water components in oxidizing agent and exhausted fuel gas in jet pipe are ejected out of the case (12) after dewing formation in the jet pipe (33).    USE -   Used as power supply for public work construction and for emergency situations in residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Stabilizes electricity generation by ejecting water component and exhausted fuel gas out of the case thereby ensuring high safety. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of fuel battery. (12) Case; (33) Jet pipe.
NOVELTY - A fuel pole (12), an electrolyte (13), an air pole (15) and an interconnector (14) are sequentially formed on a base material (11) and are finally baked.    USE -   For manufacturing cylindrical or flat type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Manufacturing time of the battery is reduced, since the entire arrangement is baked only after sequential film forming.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional diagram of the solid electrolyte fuel battery. (11) Base material; (12) Fuel pole; (13) Electrolyte; (14) Interconnector; (15) Air pole.
NOVELTY - A gas diffusion anode has a catalyst of platinum and rhenium. The ratio of rhenium to other metal in the catalyst in 1-80 atm%.    USE -   For power supply in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   As rhenium and platinum are used as catalyst, poisoning by carbon monoxide in solid polymeric fuel battery and methyl oxide in methanol fuel battery are prevented.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen absorbing alloy electrode consists of a nickel film between a conductive film and hydrogen absorbing alloy surface.    USE -   The alloy electrode acts as a negative electrode of large battery of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrode has good discharge capacity. The alloy does not melt in alkali solution and in alkaline battery. It provides low battery internal pressure. Uniformity in current distribution is obtained.
NOVELTY - An oxidation-reduction reaction by electrochemical process on the lead foil surface (1) or an electrolyte lead plating process is performed on lead foil followed by subsequent application of active material (3).    USE -   As manufacturing method of superior plate for lead storage batteries used in electric and hybrid electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Life span of the battery is improved with high discharge properly. Plating process on lead foil becomes a simple process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a sectional view of plate used lead storage batteries. (1) Lead foil; (3) Active material.
NOVELTY - The anode (5) with active material (9) is coated with a resin film (8). The resin film is coated from one end to the other in a horizontal direction on both sides of lead foil (8a), forming one part. The other part is prolonged vertically and does not have the resin coating (8b).    USE -   For a thin plate of lead or lead alloy used as an anode of a lead storage battery of an electric or hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Life span of the battery is improved and internal short circuit is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the front elevation of the electrode plate. (5) Anode; (8) Resin film; (8a) Lead foil; (8b) Resin coating; (9) Active material.
NOVELTY - A composite particle which has 5-80% of the coated surface is used reversibly in the anode (2). Cathode (4) includes inorganic solid electrolyte which has occlusion and active material containing conductive lithium ion.    USE -   In electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The secondary battery has excellent high rate characteristics which affords high energy density to the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure illustrates the sectional drawing of the secondary battery. (2) Anode; (4) Cathode.
NOVELTY - The anode (1) and a cathode (2) are wound in shape of whorl through a separator (3). The lead attachment portions (1c,2c) of anode and cathode are protruded from edge of the separator. The lead attachment portions are welded to the leads by radiation of laser through holes in a metal plates (5,7).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anode has the active material layer (1b) on both sides of the strip like anode collector (1a). Similarly, the cathode has the active material layer (2b) on the both sides of the strip like cathode collector (2a). The diameter of the laser spot is larger than pole size of the metal plate.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces internal resistance of battery so that its output density is increased. Prevents short circuit of electrodes. Improves productivity by avoiding need for reinforcement of lead attachment portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows lamination of anode and cathode via separator. (1) Anode (1a) Anode collector; (1b) Anode active material layer; (1c,2c) Lead attachment portion; (2) Cathode; (2a) Cathode collector; (2b) Cathode active material layer; (3) Separator; (5,7) Punching metal plates; (6,2) Lead.
NOVELTY - Slots (4b) with center taper holes (4c) are formed at the ends of a connection burr (4). Connection poles (3) with a metal plating are arranged in the taper holes. The connection pole is screwed with the electrode terminal using a pair of bolts (5,7)    USE -   For storage battery terminals in electric vehicle, underwater vehicle, rocket controller.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces danger of short circuit produced by emission of splicer. Eliminates separation or fall out of splicer due to vibration and shock. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the decomposed perspective view of the splicer. (3) Connection poles; (4) Connection burr; (4b) Slots; (4c) Taper holes; (5,7) Bolts.
NOVELTY - Each item of specialized electrical equipment (6,7,8) is connected to a power source comprising at least a battery (3,4) and an alternator (2). The management device comprises a programmable central microprocessor unit (12) connected to power controllers (9,10,11) for the electrical equipment, a battery voltage controller and operator interface (17,18).    USE - Ensuring the fail-safe operation of emergency vehicle auxiliary electrical equipment, especially when such vehicles are stationary and not generating enough power.    ADVANTAGE - Automatic cut off of power to non-vital equipment is provided to protect the essential equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Means for cutting voltage supply to certain electrical equipment when the voltage level falls below a certain level is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Diagram of management system.    electrical equipment (6,7,8)    power controllers (9,10,11)    central control unit (12)    alternator (2)    battery (3,4)    operator interface. (17,18)
NOVELTY - Apparatus for steam reforming hydrocarbons has catalytic burners to quickly achieve normal operating conditions in a vehicle fuel cell system on cold starting.    USE - For steam reforming hydrocarbons, e.g. methanol, for forming hydrogen for a vehicle fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Normal operating conditions in a vehicle fuel cell system on cold starting can be quickly achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus for carrying out the steam reforming comprises:    (a) a vaporizer (2);    (b) a pre-reformer unit connected to the vaporizer and having pre-reformer stages (3, 4);    (c) a main reformer (5) connected to the pre-reformer unit;    (d) a CO removal unit connected to the main reformer and having a CO-shift stage (6) and/or a CO oxidation stage and at least a catalytic burner unit (15, 16); and    (e) a first catalytic burner (15) is in heat contact with a vaporizer (2) and a second catalytic burner unit (16) with the main reformer (5) via a heat-conducting separating medium (18, 19).    The exit to the CO removal unit (6, 7) is directly connected to the entrance to one of the catalytic burners (15, 16). At least one of the pre-reformer stages is in heat contact with the CO-shift stage (6) or the CO oxidation stage (7) via a heat-conducting separating medium (20, 21).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of steam reforming a hydrocarbon using the above apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of an apparatus for steam reforming a hydrocarbon.    vaporizer (2)    pre-reformer stages (3, 4)    main reformer (5)    CO-shift stage (6)    CO oxidation stage (7)    switching valve (11)    fuel cell system (12)
NOVELTY - Steam reformer comprises a plate stacking or tubular bundle type reactor unit containing a vaporizer (1), prereformer (2, 3), main reformer (4), CO remover (5, 6) and catalytic burner (7, 8). The prereformer is in direct heat contact with one of the vaporizer and the main reformer with the catalytic burner and the other with the CO remover via a heat-conducting separating agent.    USE - For the steam reforming of methanol to recover hydrogen for fuel cells of a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement is compact and can be easily inserted into vehicles operating using fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic longitudinal section through the reactor unit of the reformer.    vaporizer (1)    pre-reformer (2, 3)    main reformer (4)    CO remover (5, 6)    catalytic burner (7, 8)
NOVELTY - The combustor is fueled by the fuel and the anode effluent and comprises a housing having an input end adapted to receive the fuel and the anode effluent, an exhaust end emitting hot combustor gas to the reformer, and a catalyst bed intermediate the input and exhaust ends for burning the fuel/anode effluent to generate the combustor exhaust gas.    USE - An improved catalytic combustor for a fuel cell system, the system comprising essentially a stack of H2-O2 fuel cells discharging a H2-containing anode effluent and an O2-containing cathode effluent, a reformer for converting hydrogen-containing fuel selected from alcohols and hydrocarbons to hydrogen for fueling the cells, and a combustor for heating the reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The combustor may be fueled with unreformed liquid fuel, hydrogen-containing anode exhaust gas, or both at different times in its operating cycle depending on the electrical demand placed on the system.
NOVELTY - The closure stop system uses a stop body (1), incorporating a closure stop (2) and an associated valve element (3), inserted in the battery cell opening (26,27), for providing a normally closed connection path between the interior of the battery cell and the external atmosphere.    USE - The battery cell closure stop system is used for a lead/acid battery for an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The battery cell closure stop system allows venting of the pressurized gas resulting from battery overloading.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a battery cover employing the battery cell closure stop system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section through a battery cover incorporating the battery cell closure stop system.    Stop body (1)    Closure stop (2)    Valve element (3)    Battery cell opening (26,27)
NOVELTY - The microcontroller (M1) is supplied from the vehicle battery (B) through a voltage step-up circuit (E1) connected between the output of the battery and the input to the microcontroller. A controller (C1) measures the battery voltage (VB) and activates the step-up circuit when the battery voltage is low. The step-up voltage conversion is provided by a switch-mode circuit.    USE - Supply of microcontroller from motor vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE - Allows microcontroller to continue operation over a wider range of battery voltages, particularly when battery voltage is low.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit block diagram.    Microcontroller (M1)    Battery (B)    Voltage step-up circuit (E1)    Controller (C1)    Battery voltage (VB)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack (210) produces electric power from a fuel and an oxidant. A propulsion motor (220) receives power from the fuel cell and is connected via a belt to drive an air supply system including a compressor (230) to direct a reactant fluid stream into the fuel cell via an oxidant supply subsystem (236).    USE - Fuel cell powered vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved operation and control of the fuel cell temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric illustration of a fuel cell engine.    Fuel cell stack (210)    Propulsion motor (220)    Compressor (230)    Oxidant supply subsystem (236)
NOVELTY - The positive (52) and negative current busbar (54) are coupled to respective electrode clamps (70,70') which are insulatively mounted on a metal cover lid (65). Each electrode clamp contains an engagement plate, integral with the clamp shaft, which is linked to an insulating component (80) in the metal lid of the housing (60) for preventing electrode twist. The insulating component is linked to the engagement plate of each electrode clamp to prevent their twist with respect to their axial direction.    USE - For double-layer car capacitor of large dimensions with nut and screw electrodes, used for vehicle driving power current source.    ADVANTAGE - Prevention of electrode clamps twisting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure presents a cross-sectional view of a relevant section of the capacitor.    positive bulbar (52)    negative bulbar (54)    positive electrode (70)    negative electrode (70)    metal housing (60)    metal lid insulating component (65)
NOVELTY - A temperature stable, electrically conductive connection between ceramic and metallic components, produced by an interposed sintered, electrically conductive paste, is new.    USE - Especially as a connection between a ceramic electrode (especially a cathode) and a metallic bipolar plate in a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The interposed paste eliminates contacting problems caused by irregularities in the ceramic component surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the above connection by coating the ceramic component with a paste which exhibits increased conductivity on sintering and which has a thickness sufficient to cover irregularities in the ceramic surface, co-firing the ceramic component and the paste, grinding the paste surface to a smooth finish and applying or pressing the metallic component onto the smooth surface. Preferred Paste: The paste comprises 6-50 vol. glass or glass-ceramic, especially a perovskite, and 95-50 vol. electrically conductive material, especially silver, nickel, their oxides and/or their alloys.
NOVELTY - The gas manifold is provided on the side surface of a cell laminated body (10) including a plate-like beat insulating part (21) disposed on the outer side surface of the cell laminated body, and a scat part (20) having heat resistance and phosphoric acid resistance and attached to cover the inner and side surfaces of the heal insulating part, the seat part and the heat insulating part being integrally formed.    USE - For a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram to illustrate the gas manifold.    cell laminated body (10)    scat part (20)    beat insulating part (21)
NOVELTY - Two spaced apart electrode assemblies (16,18) are disposed between and spaced from two spaced separators (12,14) that define the stack. Each assembly has a proton exchange membrane (30) sandwiched between anode (26) and cathode (28). One of the anode and cathode of both assemblies face each other, and the space between is used as an oxidizer and the spaces between electrode assemblies and separators are used as fuel space.    USE - Fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The stack is more compact due to the sharing of components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is provided for a method of forming the fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show cross sections of two embodiments of the invention.    Separators (12,14)    Electrode assemblies (16,18))    Anode (26)    Cathode (28)    Proton exchange membrane (30)
NOVELTY - A hybrid electric vehicle uses an integrated starter/alternator and flywheel replacing the functions of a conventional starter motor and alternator and electrically operated power steering pump. The conventional power steering pump and alternator are removed from the front end to form an entirely new configuration of the engine front end accessory drive    USE -   Designing front end accessory drive for hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduced friction and inertia, reduced weight of engine, simpler and cheaper engine mounting configuration and shape and reduced cost of front end accessory drive. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the front end accessory drive for an engine in a hybrid electric vehicle.
NOVELTY - An auxiliary battery (40) supplies the operating voltage of a power supply failure treatment unit (48), when a main battery (32) breaks down. The power supply failure treatment unit applies the operating voltage to a buffer (1) when the main battery breaks down. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The main battery supplies an operating voltage to a DC voltage generating circuit (30) when an ignition switch (39) is switched ON. The DC voltage generating circuit generates a DC voltage which is applied to the buffer, depending on the voltage demand signal from a controller (31). The controller generates a voltage demand signal which is needed to generate an operating voltage which can obtain the desired damping force characteristic of the buffer.    USE -   For supplying operating power to a buffer which is utilized for e.g. motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents the vehicle from undergoing a dangerous condition since the driver can take the necessary safety precautions. Prevents the sudden decrease of the damping force. Improves safety since a certain degree of damping force is maintained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the electrically-conductive viscous fluid utilization buffer power supply. (1) Buffer; (30) DC voltage generating circuit; (31) Controller; (32) Main battery; (39) Ignition switch; (40) Auxiliary battery; (48) Power supply failure treatment unit.
NOVELTY - When an energy recovery unit increases the amount of electricity produced by an electrical power generating device, a throttle drive unit opens and closes a throttle valve. A deceleration controller regulates the slowing down of the vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cutting unit cuts down fuel supply to an engine which generates driving torque, when the vehicle slows down. An electricity generation controller regulates the amount of electricity produced by the electrical power generating device. The energy recovery unit increases the amount of generated electricity when fuel supply is cut off.    USE -   For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents generation of excessive decelerating force due to increase in amount of generated electricity. Prevents abrasions on brake friction pad thereby improving durability of brake. Prevents engine failure even if engine load is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the block diagram of the deceleration control apparatus.
A polyolefin porous film is formed by a polyolefin composition including (A) more than 1 wt. % of polyolefin of ultra high molecular wt of more than 1 multiplied by ten to part of wt. average molecular wt., and (B) more than 20 wt. % of polyolefin wax of 700 - 20,000 wt. average molecular wt. and has 1 - 50 micron of thickness, 10 - 90 % of porosity, 1 - 10,000 sec./100 cc of Gurley air permeability, more than 100 kg/cm2 of rupture strength, and less than 135C of ion permeability loss temperature.    USE -   Effectively used in a separator of an electronic component, various filters, the water vapour permeable water-proof clothing, a reverse osmosis filtering membrane, an ultramicro filtering membrane, a microfiltration membrane or the like.    ADVANTAGE -   The ion permeability and the mechanical strength at a normal temperature can be improved.
NOVELTY - A fuel supply pump (P1 ) and water vapor supply pump (P2) uses the heat generated by partial oxidation reaction as heat source and forms hydrogen rich modified gas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus consists of a partial oxidation part with an oxidation reaction layer which oxidises the fuel partially and a modified part with a modification catalyst layer (100). The catalyst layer performs the water vapor modification reaction of fuel with respect to supply of water vapor and forms hydrogen rich modified gas. The fuel is heated and is supplied to the oxidation part through the fuel supply pump and forms water vapor which is then supplied to modified part through the water vapor supply pump. The fuel supply pump and water vapor supply pump uses the heat generated by partial oxidation reaction as heat source. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of hydrogen, which involves reacting fuel and oxygen by partial oxidation reaction. Then, water vapor modification reaction of fuel is carried out below 500 C using the combustion heat generated by partial oxidation reaction to form hydrogen rich modified gas. Finally, the carbon monoxide in modified gas reacts with the remaining oxygen of modified gas and is oxidised selectively.    USE -   Hydrogen manufacturing apparatus for e.g. fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -    Heating of fuel and formation of water vapor are effectively performed in the apparatus using the heat generated by partial oxidation reaction. Therefore, the usage of heat exchanger or boiler is eliminated, and a compact apparatus is offered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the sectional drawing of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (100) Modification catalyst layer; (P1 ) Fuel supply pump; (P2) Water supply pump.
NOVELTY - The connector is opened wide and a battery case (15) is leaned in front so that the elliptical shaft (31) is projected out of the notch hole (32a), when the battery case is removed from the bicycle. The battery case is leaned diagonally during removal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The elliptical shaft (31) is formed at lower portion of the battery case. The stop shaft (22) is fixed horizontally in upper portion of the frame that rises on the saddle. The battery case is connectable to the stop shaft by the connector. When the battery case is mounted in the bicycle, the elliptical shaft is mounted in a notch hole (32a) of the support member (32) from the slanting upper portion. The battery case is rotated towards the frame (2a) and the elliptical shaft is locked in the notch hole. The battery (18) is supported in the battery case.    USE -   For bicycle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents obstruction of battery case during pedaling. Reduces load of front wheel. Reduces size of saddle by avoiding need for rotating mechanism in saddle. Enables automatic connection of battery case and saddle. Offers safe and easy removal installation of battery case. Prevents theft of battery case by providing lock key in battery case. Reduces cost by simplifying its structure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of battery case. (2a) Frame; (18) Battery; (15) Battery case; (22) Stop shaft; (31) Elliptical shaft; (32) Support member; (32a) Notch hole.
NOVELTY - A circuit breaker (CB) cuts off the electric power to supply path (13) to electrically equipped goods, from battery (10) during vehicle collision. Another circuit breaker (CB') stop electric power supply to electrically equipped goods which passes through another supply path (24) from a generator (11) during collision.    USE -   In motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Cuts off electric power supply to electrically equipped goods during collision, reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the safety device. (10) Battery; (11) Generator; (13,24) Supply paths; (CB,CB') Circuit breakers.
NOVELTY - A controller (26) regulates the pressure applied by drain hoses into the slide portion of the power supply line switching unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Contact portions (14,15) are individually connected to a battery (11) and a set of loads (12a-12x), respectively. Drain hoses (12a,12b) individually impress either the atmospheric or oil pressure generated by the piston (19) of an engine (18) into the slide portion (17) of a power supply line switching unit (13).    USE -   For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents power supply line switching unit from overheating by effectively controlling pressure applied to slide portion of switching unit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of the vehicular power supply unit. (11) Battery; (12a,12b) Drain hoses; (12a-12x) Loads; (13) Power supply line switching unit; (14,15) Contact portions; (17) Slide portion; (18) Engine; (19) Piston; (26) Controller.
NOVELTY - An electrical component (3) is connected to electrical voltage by a wire (5,6). Designed as a diode, varistor or thyristor, a protective component (4) can be surface mounted on a printed circuit board (18) and coupled between the electrical component and the voltage by a connector (16) to the wire fitted with a contact breaker (13). It is fixed by terminals (11,12,17) and changes its geometrical form during operation as it heats up.    USE - In electrical appliances to protect voltage, e.g. output voltages in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - This device can be quickly surface mounted on a circuit board in any electrical appliance without any additional cost in the manufacture of that appliance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram of the present invention.    Electrical component (3)    Wire (5,6)    Protective component (4)    Printed circuit board (18)    Connector (16)    Contact breaker (13)    Terminals (11,12,17)
NOVELTY - A catalyst for generating H2 from a gaseous mixture of (CH3)2O and steam or carbon dioxide contains Cu, Fe, Co, Pd, Ir, Pt, Rh or Ni as the active component.    USE - The catalyst is used for preparing fuel cells, for power generating and for producing reduced iron from iron ore.    ADVANTAGE - The method for producing a synthetic gas or hydrogen exhibits a high production yield at low temperatures.
NOVELTY - An electrolysis fuel cell which is a solid polymer electrolyte cell receives oxygen from compressor and hydrogen from a hydrogen storage unit. The cell disintegrates water from external source into hydrogen and oxygen by electric charge from energy source. The hydrogen generated is stored and combined with air in cell, to produce electric power and oxygen is purged as exhaust.    USE - For generating electric power using stored hydrogen created from water and electricity for use by automobiles, boats, hydrogen fuel cell car, trains, air planes and in homes, stores, schools, hotels, factories.    ADVANTAGE - As small, light weight, high power to weight ratio electrolysis fuel cell is used for source of moving power, highly efficient electric charge and discharge is obtained for covering driving distance of about 1000 Km. Hydrogen storage tank is not replaced often, as it is made of alloy having high hydrogen adsorption coefficient at low temperature and storage of hydrogen lasts for longer period. Does not generate environmentally polluting exhaust.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for generating power using hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram of process performed to generate hydrogen in power generator.
The assist vehicle safety alarm system has a switching type power adjustment supply, the power of which can be a different power supply such as a generator, and a storage battery or a dry cell, etc.. The switching type power adjustment supply is a switching regulation loop which can maintain a constant voltage at a power input to prevent an insufficient voltage causing the lamp not lighting or an over voltage causing a damage on the lamp. A remote controller control unit comprises a transmitter and a receiver.    The transmitter is controlled by an operator and the receiver is fitted on the lamp, in which the transmitter controls the operations of different states of the lamp to simplify the wiring. The operation signals are received by the receiver. A control unit reads and identifies the signals received by the receiver and outputting the control signals supplied by the switching type power supply to control different functions of the lamp. A lamp generates different functions such as a standby alarm, direction light and brake light, etc. according to a signal outputted by the control unit.
NOVELTY - A porous resin containing granular insulating resin is layered on the surfaces of anode and cathode.    USE -   For lithium secondary battery for portable information communication terminal e.g. portable telephone, portable video, personal computer, household electric appliance, utilised as electric power storage and used as power supply for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises safety by raising certainty of shutdown mechanism by melting porous resin layer during temperature rise.
NOVELTY - An anodised active material and a ceramic electrolytic pipe (2) containing sodium is arranged in an anodised container (1) such that an anodised chamber is formed. Upper end of the pipe is fixed to an airtight insulating ring (3) which is joined to a cathode lid (4). Between lower board of chamber and a beta-alumina tube, a hollow pad (9) is inserted.    USE -   For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Elongation of the anodised container due to repetitive heating and cooling during shutdown is suppressed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sodium- sulfur battery. (1) Anodised container; (2) Ceramic electrolytic pipe; (3) Airtight insulating ring; (4) Cathode lid; (9) Hollow pad.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen from fuels electrolytically reacts with oxygen in air, converting chemical energy to electrical energy. Waste gases are burnt and condensed to remove water. An additional condenser (5) is provided between the condenser and chimney (6). Water supplied to battery cooling module (13) via reservoir tank (15) is used for condensing water vapor in waste gas.    USE -   Fuel generating power from plant waste gas such as methanol.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents mixing of letting out gases with water vapor, hence avoids generation of white smoke. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram of the condenser. (5) Condenser; (6) Chimney; (13) Battery cooling module; (15) Reservoir tank.
NOVELTY - The battery generates electricity from hydrogen gas and air where direct current is converted into an alternating current by a power converter. The fuel such as town gas and liquefied petroleum gas (10) are supplied selectively at a pressure ratio of 1.6 or 2.5.    USE -   For electrical power generating device.    ADVANTAGE -   The installation cost of device is lowered since the device is simple structured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the electrical power generating device. (10) Liquid petroleum gas.
NOVELTY - A long bolt hole (52) is formed in the prevention piece (51), which is fastened with a bolt (30) projected from a horizontal piece of an arm (21). The bolt hole is aligned with the bolt in response to the tracing of the arm. A nut is provided which performs diameter reduction deformation of the electrode joint portion and tightened with the projected portion of the bolt.    USE -   For mounting electrode of battery mounted in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Excels in attachment workability, since slidable contact of arm slidable contacts lower portion of nut. Prevents transformation of vertical arm, by forming flange. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded isometric view of battery terminal. (21) Arm; (30) Bolt; (51) Prevention piece; (52) Long bolt hole.
NOVELTY - A lot of openings (10) in suspending clamps (6) face in the same direction to connect a pair of positive and negative battery posts (2) of adjacent batteries. The insulated connector is moved in the direction to slide the clamps over and clamp the battery posts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The suspending clamps (6) are C- shaped and are provided in an electrically conductive connection piece (4) molded inside an insulated connector (3). The clamps are positioned with the openings facing the battery posts. When the insulated connector is pushed the openings of clamps slide over the battery by expanding and after sliding over, regains the original size and shape, clamping the battery posts and motoring the electric connection between the positive post of one battery with the negative post of the other battery.    USE -   For electrically connecting batteries of electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables connecting the batteries easily by the sliding operation of the insulated connector. Maintains the connection of the batteries during the transit of the vehicles by providing elastic member to the connection piece to absorb the shocking thereby improves the contact dependability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partially sectioned perspective view of the connection structure. (2) Battery posts; (3) Insulated connector; (4) Connection piece; (6) Clamp; (10) Opening.
NOVELTY - Batteries (1) are arranged at installation surface. An upper case (4) and a connector (6) are provided at the upper part of batteries the connector contacting the upper case elastically is connected to anode or cathode of the batteries.    USE -   For connecting battery to electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Secures predetermined contact pressure and stabilizes contact state as connector and battery electrode are contacted with elastic power. Obtains freedom to absorb position gap of some batteries. Eliminates the necessity to provide an exclusive member as cover as upper case itself serves as cover. Excels in operativity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram showing the battery electrodes and connector before attaching. (1) Battery; (4) Upper case; (6) Connector.
NOVELTY - One end of connector (3) is fixed to the contact (4) of a battery (1) on which a battery box (2) having slot (5) is also mounted. Springs are provided on upper and lower ends of a holder (6) which is inserted in the battery box. A protrusion (7) of holder is fixed in the slot so that the holder is pressed against connector by the springs.    USE -   For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves contact dependability between battery boxes by providing springs in holder for connecting battery box and connectors effectively. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of holder and battery box assembly. (1) Battery; (2) Battery box; (3) Connector; (4) Contact; (5) Slot; (6) Holder; (7) Protrusion.
NOVELTY - A battery (24) is positioned at the V-shaped trough between down tube (5) and seat tube (7). The male terminal (31) is inserted in lower portion of battery side receptacle (29). A set of clamps (25a,25c) are provided between the down tube and front side of the battery and between seat tube and rear side of battery.    USE -   For attaching battery to electrically assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE -   The down tube and the seat tube are utilised for holding a battery, bracket etc. The number of parts is reduced, as separate components for mounting the battery are not required. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cover of the electrically assisted bicycle and the outline of an outer bottom. (5) Down tube; (7) Seat tube; (24) Battery; (25a,25c) Clamps; (29) Receptacle; (31) Male terminal.
NOVELTY - The self latching circuit (6) is judged to be in a state of failure and when both the switches are detected to be in OFF state and if power supply is performed inspite of release of the self holding operation and an alarm lamp (12) outputs an alarm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The control system has a self latching circuit (6) which supplies continuous electric power to a microcomputer (1) even when an ignition switch and a brake switch are turned-off. A self holding release unit (8) cancels the self holding state of power supply by the latching circuit.    USE -   For driver to realize OFF state of ignition switch.    ADVANTAGE -   Failure of self latching circuit is detected, based on detection accuracy of OFF state of ignition switch. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of vehicular electronic control system. (6) Self latching circuit; (12) Alarm lamp.
NOVELTY - A box shaped battery cover (8) which envelopes the whole top portion of batteries (6) is fixed on a rear floor (4). A reinforcement (9) is fixed, continuing along the two side walls and an top portion of the front to rear intermediate portion of the cover, to the car body, on which a rear attachment terminal of a rear seat (5) is attached.    USE -   For mounting batteries in electrical vehicle and in hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Strengthens the battery cover and secures support rigidity of the rear seat with the reinforcement thereby supports the load of rear passengers. Prevents bending or shape transformation of battery cover. Enables to form battery cover of light weight material. Increases battery accommodation space. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the rear portion of the electrical vehicle. (4) Rear floor; (5) Rear seat; (6) Batteries; (8) Cover; (9) Reinforcement.
NOVELTY - The energy sensor measures the residual energy of the batteries constituting the array and a power cell controller (10) comes into operation to effect boosting of input voltage to power cell from battery, when the battery provides voltage higher than reference value are providing power compensation via a compensator, if the voltage is below reference value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The converter consists of an array of power cell (1-4) receiving input DC voltage from a battery array (5-8). A residual energy sensor is provided in the link circuit between the power cell and the battery along with capacitor (9) and semiconductor switches (11-14).    USE -   Used for battery operated electrical vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Maintains uniform supply of voltage to power cell. Eliminates inconsistent charge drain from battery thereby ensuring an efficient voltage transmission and increasing durable operation of batteries. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of the electric power converter. (1-4) Power cells; (5-8) Battery array; (9) Capacitor; (10) Power cell controller; (11-14) Semiconductor switches.
NOVELTY - A controller supplied power produced by a drive motor (4) to an energy conversion motor (5) during deceleration of vehicle via an invertor circuit (16). The power supplied to the energy conversion motor is converted into rotational energy of fly wheel (6) which is again converted into power and supplied to drive motor through the invertor circuit during starting.    USE -   In electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Braking can be applied reliably even during emergency. The vehicle can be stopped within short time. The reuse efficiency of absorption energy during starting can be made maximum. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows block diagram of drive controller. (4) Drive motor; (5) Energy conversion motor; (6) Fly wheel; (16) Invertor circuit.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte consists of acetal compound which reacts with water to block the generation of halide acid formed by reaction between water and supporting electrolyte.    USE -   For batteries e.g. lithium secondary battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Deterioration of battery by the halide acid is prevented.
NOVELTY - A laminate body (1) held between two end plates (2) is pressed between one end plate and a movable press plate (4) fixed by bearing bars (5) set in through holes (21) of the other with springs (7). The end plates are moved towards the laminate body by tightening nuts (31) on tie rods (30) while maintaining a predetermined compression state of the springs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The laminate body is formed with a stack of many tubular members (10) bound from both ends. The tie rods are inserted in through holes (20) formed in both the end plates and tightened with nuts from the outer sides. The bearing bars are rod-shaped members whose tips face the press plate from the through holes of the end plate. The springs are maintained in a predetermined compression state by clamps (6) and further compressed from the specified compression state when the laminate body reaches a predetermined tightened state to narrow down the space between the press plate and the one end plate.    USE -   For binding cell laminate body formed with tubular members in a fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   A measuring device is unnecessary when bolting a laminate body since the compression state maintained with springs serves as a parameter showing the pressure power of the laminate body. The bolting and maintenance of a laminate body is easy since various press devices adapted to the lamination length of laminate body need not be provided. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a side view showing the binding structure of a laminate body. (1) Laminate body; (2) End plate; (4) Press plate; (5) Bearing bar; (6) Clamps; (7) Springs; (10) Tubular members; (20) Through hole; (30) Tie rod; (31) Tightening nuts.
NOVELTY - A water sprinkler unit is provided in the reactor to cool the catalyst which catalyses the fuel mixture reaction. A water outlet for carrying away the sprinkled water to the exterior of the reactor is also provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel gas mixture in the reactor is made to react using a catalyst to generate a hot gas product. The hot gas is made to react electrochemically for converting heat energy to electrical energy.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (I) Catalyst oxidation apparatus: The catalyst is activated or regenerated by oxidizing it using air or oxygen. Water at predetermined temperature is sprinkled on the catalyst to cool it. Nitrogen is used as an inert gas to control the oxidation reaction of the catalyst. (II) Catalyst oxidation method.    USE -   For fuel battery power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE -   As the oxidation of catalyst is carried out effectively, safe operation is ensured. The process duration is reduced. The construction cost is also be reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery power generating plant.
NOVELTY - The time dependent voltage variation of the battery is calculated by a trial run. From the time dependent voltage variation value, the reduction in voltage is computed. When the voltage reduction value exceeds predetermined value, the exhaustion state of battery is judged.    USE -   For electricity generators.    ADVANTAGE -   The exhaustion state of battery is calculated accurately based on voltage variation patterns of normal run, load variation run and voltage stoppage run. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows maximum run estimation method of fuel battery.
NOVELTY - Unit cell (1) is formed by arranging an oxidizing chamber (18) and a fuel chamber (16) on the cathode (14) and anode (12) side of a cell (10), respectively. Several unit cells are arranged between laminated boards (22,23). A heating unit (28) is provided between the oxidizing chamber in the outermost position and the laminated board to increase the temperature of oxidizing chamber.    USE -   For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature of oxidizing gas is increased. The temperature distribution of each cell is made uniform. Heating time is reduced. Electricity generation efficiency is high. Durability is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates schematic view of solid polymer fuel battery module. (1) Unit cell; (10) Cell; (12) Anode; (14) Cathode; (18) Oxidizing chamber; (22,23) Laminated boards; (28) Heating unit.
NOVELTY - The water recovered from waste gas ejected by the fuel battery is condensed and stored in a water tank (10). A blower (12) supplies air to air pole (1c) of the fuel battery. A portion of air is injected to the water tank to remove carbon dioxide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel pole (1b) and an air pole (1c) are provided in fuel battery main casing (1). A modifier (3) reforms the fuel to generate modified gas for the fuel pole. A blower (12) supplies air to the air pole. The water present in waste gas ejected from fuel battery main casing is recovered by a condenser (8) and stored in a water tank (10). The water is circulated to the battery main casing through a purifier (11). The carbon dioxide present in condensed water is removed by supplying air via an injection hole (16) formed in the water tank.    USE -   Used for electric power generation using fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -    Aids in efficient deaeration of CO2present in water recovered by condenser so undue strain on water purifier is reduced giving improved durability of ion exchange resin in water purifier. Running cost of power plant is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of fuel battery electrical power generating system. (1) Fuel battery main casing; (1b) Fuel pole; (1c) Air pole; (8) Condenser; (10) Water tank; (11) Purifier; (12) Blower; (16) Injection hole.
NOVELTY - A seal back-up plate (35) has a projection (35a) formed between edge spring (31) and internal circumference margin (7b) of anode edge board, that reinforces contact power of anode edge board and electrolyte matrix. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An edge spring (31) is installed between internal circumference margin (7b) of anode edge board (7) and an interconnector (6). The spring that pushes against the margin (7b) to circumference (2a) of an electrolyte matrix (2) due to its elastic power, and is made to contact the anode edge board and electrolyte matrix.    USE -   For electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves gas seal property of wet seal part and manifold seal part, and maintains battery property efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a part of anode edge spring in lamination type fuel battery. (2) Electrolyte matrix; (2a) Circumference; (6) Interconnector; (7) Anode edge board; (7b) Internal circumference margin; (31) Edge spring; (35) Seal back-up plate; (35a) Projection.
NOVELTY - The anode collector board (9) and cathode collector board (10) are separated by a separator and connected via an interconnector (6). All the above are welded together by the laser welding using laser processing apparatus (32).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for laminated fuel battery manufacturing method.    USE -   In laminated fuel battery for electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids need for using electrical insulator in the electrical contact surface. The internal resistance is suppressed to a minimum. Improves characteristics of fuel battery and hence improves life span. Facilitates to manufacture high quality lamination type fuel battery at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the connection structure of cathode and anode collector boards. (6) Interconnector; (9) Anode collector board; (10) Cathode collector board; (32) Laser processing apparatus.
NOVELTY - An explosion protection filter (3) is supported by a seating (10) on its undersurface in a cylindrical stopper (2). The stopper is pushed upwards on increase in internal pressure of the battery. This is pushed against the top board (4) and forms a gap between the inner walls of the cylindrical stopper, separating from the seating.    USE -   The lead storage batteries are used for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   In case of clogging in the filter, the pressure can be released out from the gap between the inner walls of the cylindrical stopper and explosion protection filters, preventing damage of the battery. Safety of the batteries in motor-vehicles is guaranteed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explosion protection exhaust gas stopper for lead storage batteries. (2) Cylindrical stopper; (3) Explosion protection filter; (4) Top board; (10) Seating.
NOVELTY - A method of making a fuel cell by fixing a polymer electrolyte film to a frame comprises causing the film to have a molar fraction of water of not more than four and bonding the film to the frame with an adhesive.    USE - In forming polymer electrolyte fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The adhesive strength of the polymer electrolyte is enhanced thus increasing the reliability of gas sealing, even under conditions of large humidity change.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (a) a method as above in which the adhesive has an elastic modulus of not more than 10 MPa or a durometer, a hardness of not more than 90 after cure; and (b) fuel cells comprising frame, polymer electrolyte film and adhesive as above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A flow chart of the method is shown.
NOVELTY - An auxiliary source supplies energy to a traction motor when a vehicle is not braking. Batteries provide the difference between the traction power demand and the supply from the source up to the maximum capability of the batteries when they are between a given and full charge. At a second given charge state only the auxiliary source supplies power. Both batteries and auxiliary source provide energy when the batteries are between the discharge and the first charge state.    USE - Method of operating hybrid electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Improved energy efficiency, simple and effective operating characteristics    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the invention.    Electric vehicle (10)    Power controller (14)    Auxiliary electrical source (16)    Electrical generator (22)    Traction motor (40)
NOVELTY - The battery comprises an internal electrode body contained in a battery case and including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator made of porous polymer, and an organic electrolyte. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are wound or laminated through the separator. A power at a depth discharge of 80% is not smaller than 60% of a power at a depth of discharge of 0%.    USE - Lithium secondary battery suitable for driving a motor of an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Lowering of the battery's power is small even in the case where a depth of discharge becomes deep. The battery has a low internal resistance and has excellent charging and discharging properties.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view showing the terminal structure of a lithium secondary battery fabricated in an embodiment.
NOVELTY - Energy and oxygen are produced by subjecting distilled water to dissociation into hydrogen and oxygen and then recombination with the help of nature.    USE - For energy and oxygen production.    ADVANTAGE - The system produces oxygen for industrial use and hydrogen which is used, together with oxygen in air, in a fuel cell for energy production.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the energy and oxygen production system.    Water tank (1)    Oxygen electrode (2)    Hydrogen electrode (3)    Oxygen collection container (4)    Hydrogen collection balloon (5)    Weight which is released to generate current (6)    Fuel cell supplying current for water dissociation (7)    Lead for connecting the fuel cell to the oxygen and hydrogen electrodes (8)
NOVELTY - The battery terminal connector is produced of metal strip (103,104) that are formed in parallel and have ends shaped to fit around the battery terminal posts (101). The ends of the connector are forced into contact with the posts and are held there by C shaped spring clips (111).    USE - For vehicle starter or traction batteries and emergency supply batteries in data processing and telecommunication systems.    ADVANTAGE - Secure and reliable contact    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Plan view of connector    Connector (103,104)    Terminal posts (101)    Contact clips (111)
NOVELTY - Several round cells (1) have cell walls making close heat conductive contact with a moderating device made up from two or more hollow bodies through which a tempering substance passes. These bodies have semi-circular dents (7) whose radii correspond to that of the cells and which are fitted so that they fix the cells to each other in their allocated space.    USE - For hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - This device is cheap to manufacture and compact. It also provides a series of round cells which are compactly fixed in position and effectively tempered or moderated to do without a battery tray.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view from the top of the present invention.    Round cells (1)    Semi-circular dents. (7)
NOVELTY - Cover for polar element (7) on lid (1) has polepieces (2,3) and parallelepiped longitudinal relief (4) on surface (10). It has flat surface (71) extending from the lid relief to one of the poles with bracket-shaped ribs (72,73) and cylindrical swellings (74,75) for housing in cylindrical overhangs (5,6). The overhangs have longitudinal cuts (51,61) for inserting flat surfaces (72,73).    USE - Cover is for the polar elements on a starter battery.    ADVANTAGE - Cover avoids breakage on opening and closing and difficulties in stacking caused by differences in lid heights.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows in a perspective view the cover of the invention ready for being applied on a battery lid.
NOVELTY - The reformer is so constructed so that the inside of the vessel is subdivided into an inlet volume and an outlet volume. The cross-section for passage through the porous catalytic layer is 20 to 250% greater on the outlet volume side than on the inlet volume side.    USE - This is for use as a reformer for use with a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The whole of the catalytic layer is effective. At the same time, the volume throughput is increased and the pressure drop reduced, compared with known apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vessel is essentially a hollow cylinder. The catalytic layer is also shaped as a hollow cylinder with a smaller diameter. A plate closes the bottom end of the cylinder of catalyst. Vapor from a methanol solution, water vapor and air comes through the inlet, and the reformed gas, rich in H2, passes through the outlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A cross section view of a reformer of the invention.    Catalyst layer (7)    Plate (8)    Vessel (30)    Inlet (31)    Outlet (32)    Inlet volume (71)    Outlet volume (72)
NOVELTY - Monitors on-board network for functioning of critical systems.    USE - NONE GIVEN    ADVANTAGE - Provides more reliability esp. for functioning of critical systems e.g. ABS braking.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The switch arrangement includes a comparator and microprocessor. It monitors the voltage and detects if it exceeds a certain level but particularly if it falls below a second level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the functional blocks of the circuit.    switch (1)    reference voltages(3) switching part (2,4)    connection (5,6)    comparator (7)    microprocessor (8,12)    watchdog (9)    link (10)    oscillator (11)    output (13)    charging pump (14)    valve driver outputs (15)    error drive step (16)
The invention relates to a porous acid-resistant alloy and fibre composite plate electrode. The adoption of the porous acid-resistant alloy and fibre composite substrate can reduce the weight of plate electrode grid, and the large specific surface of the porous composite substrate can increase the binding force of active substance and composite substrate, and raise the current-collecting conductivity of plate electrode.    The positive plate and negative plate made of the composite substrate can quickly react with electrolyte, and the reaction is stable and reliable, and can be used for large-scale production of new-type lead-acid power cell with large specific energy and specific power, long service life and high-speed charging property.    USE -   The lead-acid power cell can be used as power supply for urban traffic vehicles.
The porous acid-resistant alloy and fibre composite plate electrode substrate is made up by using nodular or flake acid-resistant alloy (NiCrMo alloy, Pb alloy and Ti alloy) powder and fibre (carbon fibre, glass fibre and metal fibre).    USE -   The lead-acid power cell made of the invented plate electrode substrate can be used as power supply of power-driven motorcycle and power-driven bicycle, etc..    ADVANTAGE -   The invented substrate features large porosity and low density, and can reduce the weight of lead-acid cell plate electrode grid substrate by about 2/3, and its large specific surface area can increase the contact area of active substrate and plate electrode substrate and binding force, can improve the current-collecting conductivity of positive plate and negative plate, and can raise its service life and charging property.
NOVELTY - A catalytic partial oxidation process for preparing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a 6C or higher organic feedstock and an oxygen-containing gas uses an oxygen-to-carbon ratio of 0.3-0.8 and a gas hourly space velocity of 100,000-10,000,000 normal liters/kg/hour.    USE - As a source of hydrogen in an electrical energy generating system, which may provide the motive power source of a means of transport (all claimed), particularly an automotive vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The process produces hydrogen and carbon monoxide in very high yields from organic feedstocks which are liquid at standard temperature and pressure while avoiding accumulating carbon deposits on the catalysts.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalytic partial oxidation process for preparing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from an organic feedstock, comprising contacting the feedstock and an oxygen-containing gas in an oxygen-to-carbon ratio of 0.3-0.8 with a catalyst at a gas hourly space velocity of 100,000-10,000,000 normal liters/kg/hour, uses a feedstock containing hydrocarbons and/or oxygenates, which is liquid at standard temperature and pressure and has an average carbon number of at least 6.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for generating electrical energy comprising preparing a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide by the above process and converting (part of) the hydrogen into electrical energy and water using a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Heat sensitive battery (30), computer, or communications device in engine compartment is covered by, or has an evacuated cavity containing, a corestock of porous or open-celled rigid material matrix evacuated to not more than 1 torr and sealed, or is covered by a panel (48) having a deformable receptacle, evacuated to no more than 1 torr, inside which the same corestock is sealed. The corestock or panel provides an R value of 15 per inch or more. The corestock cell size is less than 70 microns.    USE - To insulate lead acid battery, computer, or communications device, or other heat sensitive component in automobile engine compartment from heat to prevent deterioration and premature failure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The receptacle or cavity surface conforms to the shape of the corestock and indentations extending across it. If a panel is used, its surfaces are non-wrinkled and it may contain rigid plates with indentations next to a major surface of the corestock.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a battery surrounded by evacuated panels containing foam corestock.    battery electrodes (32,34)    faces of battery (36,38,40,42,44,46)    evacuated panels. (48)
NOVELTY - The housing (1) has several spokes at the center. Stator (8) is formed at bottom of housing covering the core (3) and winding (4) which are supported by the bearing mechanism (7) and the shaft (6). Several notches (10) are provided between the spokes of the bottom peripheral wall of housing for draining permeated water droplet.    USE -   For motor that drives underfloor ventilating fan and axial flow fan used for cooling printer, copier and battery of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Peripheral wall results in enhanced water resistant capacity by quickly draining out the water droplet through the holes provided between the spokes DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the front elevation, the semi cross-sectional of axial-flow-fan motor. (1) Housing; (3) Core; (4) Winding(6) Shaft; (7) Bearing mechanism; (8) Notches.
NOVELTY - Deviation of voltage value of power supply lines (102A-102C) is detected by the voltage detector (103). Detected voltage value and voltage values of power supply are compared, based on which deviation in the power supply line is judged.    USE -   For detecting short circuit of power supply line in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Detects deviation of power supply line correctly using simple circuit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the basic structure of vehicular power supply apparatus with power supply line abnormality detector. (102A-102C) Power supply lines; (103) Voltage detector.
NOVELTY - Suspension support for spare tire (32) formed by cross member (5e) extended in width direction of the floor panel (5a) in the car compartment. A jet pipe (30) ejects cool air to the motor controller (28) in the lower portion of the compartment and an exhaust port (30a) of the jet pipe is pinched to the lower wall in the space (A) with an aperture towards the cross member.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Problem in capacitive gain of cooling fan is prevented by labyrinth structure which does not make exhaust back pressure large. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of the controller cooling structure. (5a) Floor panel; (5e) Cross member; (28) Motor controller; (30) Jet pipe; (30a) Exhaust port; (32) Spare tire; (A) Lower wall in the space.
NOVELTY - A gap between an inner and outer panels (8,7) forms an air introduction path (9) and an air ejection path (9'). A charger (27) controls the rotation of cooling fans (19-22), based on the battery temperature detected by a battery temperature detector (33) at time of the battery charging. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A car body side panel comprises the inner panel and outer panel. The air from exterior is allowed through air conveyance path and the air is ejected at time of a battery charging through air ejection path and the battery is allowed to cool using cooling fans.    USE -   For cooling battery in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the car body side panel comprises inner and outer panels, the structure complication is avoided and the cooling efficiency improvement of the battery is offered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of battery cooling structure of electrically driven vehicles. (7,8) Outer and inner panels; (9) Air introduction path; (9') Ejection path; (19-22) Cooling fans; (27) Charger; (33) Battery temperature detector.
NOVELTY - The battery case containing several batteries has a pair of air inlets (16,18) with fans (21,24) for cooling. A pair of thermosensors are arranged near the air inlets respectively. A control unit (40) positioned between the openings controls the introduction of air through the fan based on the detected value of respective thermosensors.    USE -   For electric vehicle    ADVANTAGE -   The difference of capacitance and temperature gradient between each battery unit are reduced. Durability of battery unit is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates perspective view of battery case. (16,18) Air inlets; (21,24) Fans; (40) Control unit.
NOVELTY - The raw water drained from a fuel battery plant (2) is subjected to desalination process in an electric deionization unit (11). The treated water is again circulated to the fuel battery plant. The waste water from the deionization unit is passed to a treatment tank (4) for reprocessing through a drain reprocessing portion (15).    USE -   For regeneration of waste water ejected from fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Processing cost is reduced by reducing the amount of water used for refilling the plant. Water balance is maintained in the battery plant. Power consumption is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates block diagram of water treatment plant. (2) Fuel battery plant; (4) Treatment tank; (11) Deionization unit; (15) Drain reprocessing portion.
NOVELTY - A plate fin heat exchanger is formed by welding part (A) and a plate (10) and a fin (11), placed between a carbon monoxide conversion device and a modifier.    USE -   For lowering the modified gas temperature supplied to the fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   The plate fin heat exchanger obtained by welding, restricts generation of carbon precipitate and also other problems related with carbon precipitate are avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of heat exchanger with plate and fin welded. (10) Plate; (11) Fin.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen rich reforming gas containing carbon monoxide is passed into a carbon monoxide removal device (6) where carbon monoxide is removed by methanation. The gas is then passed into another removal device where the residual carbon monoxide is removed by adding oxidizing agent.    USE -   For electricity generation using fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Carbon monoxide in modified gas is removed without loss of hydrogen.
NOVELTY - A gas supply pipe, fuel processing device (1), main body of battery (2), control unit (3), exhaust port (6a), inlet port (6b) and inflammable gas detector (8) are accommodated inside a package. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The inflammable gas detector is formed near exhaust port and ventilating fan (7). An automatic release door (9) with a drive mechanism performs opening-closing operation of package. The actuation of drive mechanism is controlled based on the detection signal obtained from inflammable gas detector.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The operation rate of fuel battery electricity generator is controlled, thereby securing safety. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the package of fuel battery electricity generator. (1) Fuel processing device; (2) Main body of fuel battery; (3) Control unit; (6a) Exhaust port; (6b) Inlet port; (7) Ventilating fan; (8) Inflammable gas detector; (9) Automatic release door.
NOVELTY - The safety valve (22) has a valve hole (23a) cladded with a metal plate (23) and a thin metal plate (24). The valve is fitted in a recess formed with release hole in the metallic battery case.    USE -   In electric vehicle, electrically driven cart, video camera, personal computer, back-up apparatus, security apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Since explosion is prevented, the quality of the battery and productivity are increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of the secondary battery. (22) Safety value; (23) Metal plate; (23a) Valve plate; (24) Thin metal plate.
NOVELTY - Fine crystal grains precipitate in a hydrogen storing metal alloy fine particles which are hydrogenated in a pressurised hydrogen atmosphere. Particles are dehydrogenated at a temperature below hydrogen dissociation temperature to form a metal hydride. Again dehydrogenation is carried out by storing metal alloy powder in a heated atmosphere at specified temperature.    USE -   For manufacturing of fuel battery, heat pump, thermal storage system, motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Attains a long life of hydrogen storing metal alloy by suppressing pulverisation of fine particles. Avoids reduction of hydrogen absorption or release capacity since no amorphous phase is formed. Ensures formation of hydride in metal element and attains long life. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow chart of the flumen process.
NOVELTY - The voltage of each unit of a battery (50) is detected by a voltage sensor, and the temperature of the battery is determined by a temperature sensor. These detected values are supplied to an electronic control unit (68) and a judging section reads out the threshold value of the voltage stored in memory and compares it with the detected value of each of the battery units. If any unit is below the threshold value, a relay is turned off to separate the battery from the inverters (52,54)    USE -   Determines state of battery in electric or hybrid vehicles    ADVANTAGE -   Enables battery capacity to be used to the utmost DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Showing arrangement of entire system
NOVELTY - Silicone resin-metal composite consists of a thin metal plate (11) with an uneven surface having a silicone resin layer (2) injection molded on at least one side of it. The silicone resin layer is 0.05 - 1.0 mm thick and has a hardness of 20 - 70 JIS K6301 spring type hardness test A.    USE - Composite is claimed as a separator of a fuel cell, specifically of the solid polymer type. It may also be used as a cushioning material, a packing material, or as a spacer or O ring for electrical or electronic parts.    ADVANTAGE - It can be produced precisely and effectively in three dimensions with the two materials joined uniformly because the silicon resin layer is injection molded.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view of the composite being used as packing material.    silicone resin layer (2)    thin metal plate (11)    injection molded ribs (21)    irregularities. (A)
NOVELTY - A reformer is situated in the flow path of a reactant fluid, comprising a catalyst unit capable of generating hydrogen from a reactant fluid containing an organic compound or carbon monoxide, and an electrically heatable heater unit.    USE - For production of high purity hydrogen for fuel cells used in industry or in automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - There is no environmental pollution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) a catalytic reactor disposed in the flow path of a reactant fluid;    (2) an electrically heatable catalyst unit;    (3) a method of operating the reformer; and    (4) a method of operating the catalytic reactor.
NOVELTY - The method involves using a circuit which influences the switching edges of a pulse-width modulated signal: a signal (8,9,12) representing the current in the battery leads to the inductive load, e.g. of electromagnetic valve, is detected and fed back to the input of the circuit    USE - For use with pulse-width modulation control circuits in motor vehicle brake system.    ADVANTAGE - Voltage break-ins and associated noise radiation are minimized    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a circuit for carrying out the method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - the drawing shows a circuit diagram    signal detection stage (8,9,12)
NOVELTY - Ceramic material is sprayed onto a shaped surface (10) provided with a separating layer (11) which has a shape boundary for the workpiece to be made. After the spraying, the workpiece is separated from the shaped surface by the effect of the separating layer. A shaped surface projecting over the shaped boundary is used with a recess representing the shaped boundary.    USE - A procedure for making ceramic workpieces, especially for insulating frames for high-temperature fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Workpieces in the 0.1 mmm range and less can be made, even down to 50 microns.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recesses representing shaped boundaries are used to make outside contours of the workpiece and/or to make recesses of the workpiece. The separating layer is made from a salt solution which is applied to the preheated shaped surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a device for manufacturing a two part insulating frame for high temperature fuel cells.    shaped surface (10)    separating layer (12)
NOVELTY - A controlled amount of water is introduced into the gas stream prior to the catalyzed reaction to a temperature for the preferential, selective removal of carbon monoxide especially from reformate gas mixtures.    USE - For use in fuel cell systems for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Improved and simplified clean-up system is compact, simple to assemble and capable of dealing with varying flow rates of hydrogen-rich gas and varying amounts of carbon monoxide. Provides preferential selective removal of carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Purification of gas stream containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide involves a catalyzed reaction for the selective removal of carbon monoxide. A controlled amount of liquid water is introduced into the stream prior to the reaction to lower the stream temperature to a predetermined value at which preferential removal of carbon monoxide takes place in the reaction.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (a) a multi-bed catalyst system for the purification of the gas stream; and    (b) a fuel cell system for vehicular applications comprising an on-board hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen clean-up unit operating as above and a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The turboalternator has a compressor (36) connected to a turbine (38) via an alternator (40), with all three components being connected by a common shaft (41) that is supported on hydraulic bearings (96). The alternator has a solid alternator rotor (76) that extends radially from the shaft which has a number of slots adjacent to its outer diameter, each of which contains an electrically conductive, magnetically susceptible bar (91).    USE - For use in a hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The alternator is integrated with the compressor and the turbine and therefore removes the need for a gear reduction and the need for gears to connect the turbines to the alternators.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a hybrid motor vehicle.
NOVELTY - The sensor uses infrared spectroscopy to detect CO that is adsorbed on a thin Pt film that coats an infrared transparent substrate. CO is detected by the absorption (at about 1990 cm-1) caused by exciting the fundamental vibration of CO adsorbed on the Pt. A valve is caused to close if an excess concentration of CO is detected.    USE - For detecting excess CO in the feed-gas flowing into a fuel cell stack in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Detects CO concentration in the range 5 to 50 ppm by volume in a fluid that contains about 20% CO2, as much as 7% water, and the balance H2. Protects the fuel stack from being poisoned by the CO.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the sensor.
NOVELTY - The compound has the composition of: LiMy-x[A]xOz or My-z[A]xOz (0&lt;xy). M is a transition metal, [A]=~SwiBi and i=1, Bi is the substitute for transition metal M, wi is the molar fraction of Bi and it is 2 or more. ~SwiEi is the oxidation state of transition metal and is 0.5, Ei is the oxidation state of Bi which is a cation. The ratio of O/Li in the doped intercalation compound is less than that of the compound without doping. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of intercalation compound. The mixture of A and M is heated to 500-1,000C to obtain a solution. Heating is performed in partial pressure of oxygen at 700-900C and 20 KPa. From the solution, hydroxides are separated and the mixture of Li, Ni, Ti, Mg which settles down is mixed to a specific mole ratio to obtain LiN1-xTiaMgbO2.    USE -   The positive pole in lithium ion battery (claimed), lithium cell used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Stability is good. Doping process is performed easily and economically. Charging and discharging characteristics of the battery are improved.
NOVELTY - Vanadium trioxide and vanadium pentaoxide in the ratio 2.9:1.1-3.2:0.8 obtained from triammonium vanadate is supplied to an electrolyte precipitation tank along with sulfuric acid and water. Vanadium oxide is dissolved and vanadium electrolyte consisting of 45-55 mol% of trivalent vanadium and 55-45 mol% of tetravalent vanadium is formed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is added to an aqueous solution of ammonium meta-vanadate containing an impurity and a pH of 1.5-2 is maintained. Triammonium vanadate is precipitated at 80-100C after 0.5-3 hours and vanadium ion in the solution is polymerized. The slurry is then concentrated, centrifuged, dried and triammonium vanadate is recovered. Vanadium pentaoxide (V2O5) is formed by heating and removing ammonia from triammonium vanadate in an oxidizing atmosphere at 400-690C in direct vent system rotary kiln reactor (15). Vanadium trioxide (V2O3) is also formed by reducing triammonium vanadate in the presence of hydrogen at 450-750 C. The mixture containing V2O3, V2O5 (in the ratio 2.9:1.1- 3.2:0.8), H2SO4 and water are added to an electrolyte preparation tank (21). Vanadium oxide is dissolved and vanadium electrolyte which consists of 45-55 mol.% of trivalent vanadium and 55-45 mol.% of tetravalent vanadium is formed.    USE -   Used for redox battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Highly pure vanadium electrolyte is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows outline of manufacturing method of vanadium electrolyte. (15) Direct vent system rotary kiln reactor; (21) Electrolyte preparation tank.
NOVELTY - Mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon dioxide is manufactured by reforming methanol in the presence of a catalyst. When the catalyst undergoes a predetermined degree of deterioration, a catalyst regenerating operation is performed by supplying air and the reforming process is continued using the reactivated catalyst.    USE -   For manufacturing hydrogen gas used for hydrogenation of organic compounds and in hydrogen fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The reforming method maintains the catalyst in highly active state and enables efficient reformation of methanol over a long time period.
NOVELTY - The reactor has a container containing a catalyst, in which, a gas is made to react. Fixed quantity of an inert gas is supplied to the reactor at the time of commencement and termination of reaction. A nozzle (9) is present in the supply router of the inert gas.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The amount of inert gas used is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the block diagram of the gas reactor. (7) Cut off valve; (8) Pressure controlling valve; (9) Nozzle.
NOVELTY - In a diaphragm cell of a metal/air battery, an anode paste is passed as a strip through a cavity between the diaphragm and an anode collector such that it fills the cavity cross-section.    USE - Especially as a zinc-air, aluminum-air or iron-air battery, useful in the automobile industry.    ADVANTAGE - The design provides homogeneous circulation of the anode paste as a thin strip and allows the battery size to be reduced compared with the battery described in US 4172924.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A metal/air battery (1) has one or more diaphragm cells (2), each containing a porous cathode collector (6a) and an anode paste (4) which consists of metal powder combined with an electrolyte and which can move while being in contact with the diaphragm (5) and with the anode collector (3) and while being progressively transformed into an oxidized metal paste.    (a) the anode collector (3), the diaphragm (5) and the cathode collector (6a) are the same shape and are mutually parallel; and (b) the diaphragm (5) and the anode collector (3) are spaced apart to form a cavity, through which the anode paste (4) is passed as a strip such that, during passage, the paste conforms to the cavity cross-section at all points without gaps.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a metal-air battery according to the invention.    Battery (1)    Cell (2)    Anode collector (3)    Anode paste (4)    Diaphragm (5)    Air cathode (6)    cathode collector (6a)
NOVELTY - Water-soluble metal colloid solution comprises a platinum compound(s) and optionally a compound(s) of rhodium, ruthenium, iridium or palladium, and is stabilized using a proton-conducting protective colloid.    USE - As catalyst, particularly for fuel cells and electrolysis cells (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The metal colloid solution is water-soluble and stable, without the tendency to recrystallize on contacting the membrane in membrane-electrode units.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the preparation of the above water-soluble metal colloid solution by reacting a Pt compound and optionally a compound(s) of Rh, Ru, Ir or Pd with a reducing agent and using a cation exchange polymer as stabilizer.
NOVELTY - The vehicle has an electrical system with a battery pack which can be selectively charged from either an off-board AC charger or wheel generators that are operated by a switch associated with the brake pedal so that the wheel generators only operate while the vehicle is braking.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Simple and inexpensive to manufacture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vehicle has a drive train system that propels the vehicle, an electrical system powering the drive train and a steering system that steers the vehicle, with the transmission having a number of gear ratios and a drive shaft operatively connected to the transmission and to which a differential is connected which is in turn connected to a drive axle. An axle housing rotatively houses the drive axle, to which the rear wheels are attached.    The electrical system has an electric motor, that is operatively connected to the transmission, powered from a battery pack which can be charged from either an off-board AC charger, to which the battery pack can be selectively plugged into, or from wheel generators with which the battery pack is selectively connected by a switch associated with the brake pedal, so that the onboard battery charger is only activated when the brakes are applied to prevent electromagnetic braking forces being created during non-braking procedures. The rear wheel generators have stator portions mounted in the axle housing and rotor portions mounted for rotation with the drive axle, while the front wheel generators have stator portions mounted to the spindles and rotor portions mounted for rotation with the front wheels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A block diagram showing the major components of the electric vehicle.
NOVELTY - Capacitor banks (38,28) consisting of parallel connected capacitors (C1-C8) and (C9-C16) respectively are connected to the output terminals of the DC-to-DC converter (26) across the output terminals of unregulated power supply. The capacitor banks bypasses the transients in the output power of converter and provides filtered power external devices.    USE - In portable electronic devices such as code scanners, RF terminals, printers, 2-way radios, data links, computers, calculators mounted in forklifts or handtruck.    ADVANTAGE - Several capacitor banks consisting of several parallel connected capacitors bypasses the transients in the power obtained and provides filtered power for portable electric equipment. As the usage of NiCad batteries are eliminated, the down time per battery factor accumulated during charging and recharging is eliminated. The risk of the forklift operator dropping the expensive bar-code terminal during battery charge is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The unregulated power supply in storage batteries are provided for the forklift (10). Input- output connector (J1) receives power from battery through terminals (1,2). The received power is smoothened by diode (D2) and capacitor (C3). The DC-to-DC converter receives the smoothened power and sends it to the capacitor bank (28). The capacitor bank bypasses the transients in power. The voltage regulator (34) accurately adjusts the output voltage of converter through the trim resistor (R3). The voltage regulator having dropping diode (D5), a pair of Zener diodes (D7,D8) and resistor (R5) is connected across the capacitor bank (28).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents schematic diagram of regulated power supply.    Terminals (1,2)    Converter (26)    Voltage regulator (34)    Capacitor banks (38,28)
NOVELTY - Capacitor electrodes (8) connected to capacitor element through extension leads (7) project outwards via through holes on lid (12) of the cylindrical case accommodating the capacitor element. Tubular projections (11) is made around the electrode and the gap between the electrode and tubular projection is closed with insulating bush (18).    USE -   For high value capacitor used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As electrode of different sizes to suit high current passing through capacitor, are fixed without leakage, the structure is used for capacitor of different capacities DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the partial perspective view of the capacitor with electrode arrangement. (1) Capacitor; (2) Outer case; (3) Capacitor element; (5) Outer case opening; (7) Extension leads; (8) Capacitor electrode; (11) Tubular projections; (12) Lid; (18) Insulating bush.
NOVELTY - Positive and negative active material layers are formed on either respective sides of anode and cathode collectors. Extraction terminals (6,8) of respective anode (1) and cathode (2) are welded to terminals (7,9) through a lead wire. Parallel electricity extraction portions are formed protruding from the edge of a separator, between anode and cathode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces internal resistance of large sized battery. Enhances discharge capacity of battery. Increase in weight of battery is restrained by disconnecting exposed portion that is not used for forming extraction terminal.    The figure shows the sectional view of the battery. (1) Anode; (2) Cathode; (6,8) Extraction terminals; (7,9) Terminals.
NOVELTY - A paper (3) having pulp fiber as main component is pasted on the surface of a plate. The lower portion of the electrode group consisting of a separator (4) is equipped with an anode board (1) and cathode plate (2). The separator has liquid retaining capability.    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The high resistance and electrolyte insufficiency in the upper portion of electrode group is eliminated. Superior airtight lead storage battery with high discharge property and recoverability after overdischarge is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of airtight lead storage battery. (1) Anode board; (2) Cathode plate; (3) Paper; (4) Separator.
NOVELTY - The battery jar is made up of a receptacle of polypropylene and has a plastic film which includes a silica film of thickness 80 m or less. The receptacle has the thickness 100 m, density 0.9-1.3 g/cm3 , curved elasticity 1 x 104 -2 x 104 kg/cm2 , Izod impact strength 4.0 kg/cm2and heat deflection temperature 95 C or more.    USE -   For non-aqueous lithium ion secondary battery for electric vehicles for road levelling. Also for hand-held video camera, portable personal computer.    ADVANTAGE -   The industrial usage and battery characteristics are improved by using receptacle of polypropylene with specific physical properties and plastic film with silicon oxide film.
NOVELTY - The container (12) which accommodates an alloy (14) which stores hydrogen gas, has inlet and exhaust ports (20,22), respectively for supplying and ejecting hydrogen gas. The gas is supplied from a supply unit (24) installed externally and is circulated inside the container and promotes the heat exchange between the gas and heat exchanger pipes (16) fixed to container.    USE -   Used as source of energy in fuel battery, heat pump, hydrogen motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases heat exchange efficiency. Offers uniform cooling of entire alloy. Utilizes alloy efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the container. (12) Container; (14) Alloy; (16) Heat exchanger pipes; (20,22) Inlet and exhaust ports; (24) Supply unit.
NOVELTY - A catalyst dispersion liquid is supplied between an ion exchange membrane (4) and a perforated panel (2a,2b) which are in contact with each other. A layer of catalyst particles, is formed on the ion exchange membrane, by eliminating the solvent of the catalyst dispersion liquid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus used, which has stationary plates (1a,1b) (placed opposite to each other, and attached to the perforated panel), sealing material (3a,3b) (present between the perforated panel and ion exchange membrane), catalyst dispersion liquid supply (6a,6b), piping (7a,7b) (to supply the liquid), piping (11) (for removing solvent present in catalyst dispersion), heater (16a,16b) and pressure applicator (19).    USE -   For electrodes used in fuel batteries, electrolytic apparatus for brine, hydrochloric acid, water, ozone water etc, electrochemical apparatus and so on.    ADVANTAGE -   The junction strength between ion exchange membrane and electrode, is high. A stable and durable contact material is manufactured. Leakage caused by development of wrinkles, is eliminated. The manufacturing time and cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the manufacturing apparatus. (1a,1b) Stationary plates; (2a,2b) Perforated panel; (3a,3b) Sealing material; (4) Ion exchange membrane; (6a,6b) Catalyst dispersion liquid supply; (7a,7b,11) Pipings; (16a,16b) Heater; (19) Pressure applicator.
NOVELTY - Raw material gas (2) from the anode of a fuel cell is passed through plate modifiers (12,12a,12b) connected serially. The processed gas is then passed into a hydrogen isolator fitted with a hydrogen separation membrane (16a) made of 1 mm thick barium alloy film maintained at 300C temperature and differential pressure of 1 kg and is reused by the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Plate modifiers (12a,12b) connected serially have a heating chamber (H), a modifier chamber packed with catalyst (3). Process gas from the anode end of a battery is made to pass through plate modifiers which then faces the hydrogen gas isolator (16) fitted with barium alloy film of 1 mm thick and at temperature of 300C and pressure of 1 kg. A regenerated hydrogen is utilized by the anode for power generation, which is passed through a by-pass line.    USE -   For hydrogen regeneration in a fuel cell in power generation installation.    ADVANTAGE -   The operating temperature of the plate modifier is not increased. A high modification efficiency is achieved in the range of 7-8 atas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the hydrogen regenerator integral with a fuel cell battery. (2) Raw material gas; (3) Modified catalyst; (4) Modified gas; (12,12a,12b) Plate modifiers; (16) Hydrogen gas isolator; (16a) Hydrogen separation membrane; (H) Heating chamber.
NOVELTY - Based on the sidewise movement of vehicle, the flywheel, and the amount of load exerted by the bearing from the flywheel, an actuator (100) regulates the support condition of the flywheel support (64) such that the relative angles of flywheel is in accord with the fixing member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A support (64) supports the flywheel rotatably along the periphery of its spin axle line, through a bearing. A support mechanism is provided between the flywheel support and the fixing member (60) suspended in the vehicle. The flywheel is supported such that its spin axle line can be set along any arbitrary direction with respect to the fixing member. A generator arranged between the flywheel and flywheel support, converts the kinetic energy stored by the flywheel to corresponding electrical energy and outputs it depending on necessity.    USE -   For flywheel in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Increase of relative angle of flywheel with vehicle body is suppressed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is perspective diagram of support structure of energy storage flywheel. (60) Fixing member; (64) Flywheel support; (100) Actuator.
NOVELTY - The truck includes at least one battery block (3) located in the region of a driving part (1), and capable of being removed from the driving part in the direction of either the forward or reverse main driving directions of the industrial truck. The battery block can be moved through a free space located between the two pillars (6) of the lifting framework.    USE - Removable battery block for forklift truck.    ADVANTAGE - Battery block can be simply installed or replaced in industrial vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the industrial truck.    driving part (1)    battery block (3)    pillars (6)    load receiving device (7)    forward direction (10)
NOVELTY - The circuit has a capacitor connectable in parallel to accumulator cells by switching system    USE - Equalisation of voltage on individual accumulator cells.    ADVANTAGE - Circuit allows equalisation of voltages on several accumulator elements connected in series (B1 - B4), when not completely discharged, whilst preventing dissipation of electrical energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The accumulator includes a capacitor (C1) able to be connected in a parallel to at least two of the accumulator cells. A switching and connection system (S11-S41 and S12-S42) is able to establish selectively a first or second mode of connection. In the first mode, the capacitor may be charged or discharged by accumulators. In the second mode, the capacitor is similarly connected to a different group of accumulators. Switching between modes is executed rapidly and repetitively, so that the voltages of the elements become equalised.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the switching and connection circuits.
NOVELTY - The main duct (3), under the vehicle between the wheels, is opt. supplemented by others with intakes, e.g., on the bonnet or at the front corners. The air flow is directed through a turbine (6) driving a generator which recharges the batteries (4) supplying energy to the traction motor (1). Opt., two motors (1,2) are provided; opt., also, one is replaced by an IC engine.    USE - Automobiles, buses, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced petrol consumption and pollution    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a rough sketch of the proposed system.    traction motors (1,2)    air duct (3)    batteries (4)    turbine. (6)
NOVELTY - The frame (4) comprises front (2) and rear (3) sections, hinged together (100) in front of the saddle pillar (13) support (11), which contains an electronic controller and a main switch. The rear wheel (15) support forks extend from the rear frame (3) which contains the battery housing, and, below, the motor, geared to the chain drive sprocket, also driven by the pedal cranks (19,21,22). Driving (23) and wheel sprockets are connected by the chain (26), tensioned by an idler (25).    USE - Relieving rider's physical effort.    ADVANTAGE - All electrical parts fully protected against mud, dust, etc., and the battery against theft.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - With the hinge (100) unclamped, the front frame (2), carrying the front wheel (6,7), steering column (5) and handlebars (8), folds about a vertical axis against the rear, revealing stowage in the front frame for an anti-theft lockable cable loop. A corresponding, much deeper, cavity in the rear frame, with a lockable hinged cover, accepts the traction battery in a slide-in case. Fully inserted, the case end contacts complete the power circuit with fixed terminals in the frame. The case also carries a socket for an external charger lead, and a battery-state indicator, visible through a top window.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a slide elevation of the complete machine.    front frame, (2)    rear frame, (3)    front wheel assembly, (5,6,7,8)    saddle pillar assembly, (11,12,13,14)    rear wheel, (15)    motor, (16)    pedal crank, (19,21)    drive sprocket, (23)    chain. (26)
NOVELTY - The panel charges accessory batteries, and indirectly charges traction power batteries.    USE - Solar power driven motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Economizes on fuel consumption by collection of solar energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar generator for a motor vehicle comprises a polycrystalline photoelectric panel connected to a charge / discharge control to maintain the charge in one or more 12 volt batteries. The batteries may be used for various low power vehicle accessories such as lights, windscreen wipers, indicators and hazard lights. The generator may also supply an electric motor, which in turn drives an alternator which is intended to charge batteries. The energy from these batteries is intended to provide traction power for the vehicle, with the aid of a gear box. The vehicle may be a hybrid power vehicle, with a combination of solar electric power and gas fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures shows the hybrid motor vehicle.
NOVELTY - The combined oxidizer/burner unit included in the plant operates both as an oxidizer of CO and as a catalytic burner. The amount of O2 in the gas introduced into the unit is greater than that required only for CO oxidation.    USE - To provide H2 for vehicle fuel cells from liquid methanol fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The plant is very compact, relatively inexpensive to construct and operates with high efficiency. The CO content at the reformed gas outlet is less than 50 ppm.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reformer and combined oxidizer/burner unit are integrated into a stacked disc type reactor unit with a heat transfer structure. Also integrated with the reformer is a vaporizer which is in contact with the catalytic burner through a heat transfer structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of a stacked disc type reactor unit    vaporizer (1)    reformer (2)    combined oxidizer/burner unit (3)    catalytic burner (4)    air inlet (9)    reformed gas outlet (10)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell apparatus (10) has a portable housing (12) with front and rear portions (12a,12b) divided by a partition (11). The door (19) and flap (26) are hinged. Side and front vents (27) are provided. Gas cylinders (1) are placed in the front and the power supply (30) is in the rear portion. The power supply includes a fuel cell (3) and a DC/AC inverter (29). A hand grip (14) has arms (15,16) with fulcrums (17,18) and wheels (13). A control panel (20) is provided on the front face.    USE - Provides a convenient and portable emergency power supply for civil engineering work and domestic emergency.    ADVANTAGE - Is compact, safe, with easy management and operation of the fuel gas cylinders, allowing use indoors or outdoors and offering protection in event of earthquake.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective cut-away view of the apparatus.    Gas cylinders (1)    Cell (3)    Fuel cell apparatus (10)    Partition (11)    Housing (12)    Front and rear portions (12a,12b)    Wheels (13)    Grip (14)    Arms (15,16)    Fulcrums (17,18)    Door (19)    Control panel (20)    Flap (26)    Vents (27)    Inverter (29)    Power supply (30)
NOVELTY - A housed unit, for evaporating and superheating a liquid reactant stream, consists of a conventional heat exchanger (14), a fine spray injector (18) and a superheated gas outlet (22).    USE - Especially as a gas generating system for mobile applications, e.g. for evaporation and superheating of fuel for automobile fuel cells, but also as a gas heater.    ADVANTAGE - The unit is extremely compact (since a separate superheater is not required), has all its components located within a single housing, is not subject to blockages or liquid accumulation and provides a rapid single stage gas generating system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A housed unit, for evaporating and superheating a liquid reactant stream, consists of a conventional heat exchanger (14), a fine spray injector (18) and a superheated gas outlet (22).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side cross-sectional view of one form of the evaporation and superheating unit.    Evaporation/superheating unit (10)    Housing (12)    Heat exchanger (14)    Heat exchanger plates (16)    Injector lance (18)    Lance apertures (20)    Lance tip aperture (21)    Superheated gas outlet (22)    Gas inlet (24)
NOVELTY - The wound type internal electrode body has at least one of the positive and negative electrodes with two or more divisions for the suppression of cyclic degradation.    USE - Lithium secondary batteries for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Cyclic degradation of the battery is suppressed and durability and reliability improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lithium secondary battery comprises; (a) Case, (b) internal electrode body including positive and negative electrodes wound or laminated with a porous polymer separator, and with at least one of the positive and negative electrodes with two or more divisions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a battery of the invention including; (1) Internal electrode body enclosed in Al case, (2) positive electrode, (3) negative electrode, (4) separator, (5) terminal leads.
NOVELTY - The temperature rise on the battery surface is accurately measured and used to calculate specific heat of the battery, and the relationship between battery capacity and weight determined. Reduction of energy density could then be prevented by optimizing the battery shape.    USE - Lithium secondary batteries for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Superior safety and high weight energy density (energy stored / weight).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lithium secondary battery comprises; (a) Case made from pure aluminum or aluminum alloyed with one or more of manganese, silicon, copper (b) internal electrode body including positive and negative electrodes wound or laminated with a porous polymer separator. A relationship of C / (w x c) at most 0.03 is established where C = current capacity (Ah), w = weight (kg), and c = specific heat (W / kg.degreesC) and 0.004 at most t / d at most 0.04 where t and d are outer diameter (mm) and wall thickness (mm) in a cylindrical battery. The current capacity of the battery is at least 50 Wh and the positive active material is LiMn2O4.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a battery of the invention including    Internal electrode enclosed in Al case (1)    Positive electrode (2)    Negative electrode (3)    Separator (4)    Terminal (5)
NOVELTY - Systems are provided in the battery e.g. the first and second plate elements. The first element (4) of which the width of the cell and with a predetermined length, is arranged near and parallel to the vertical edges (2c) of the plate shaped electrodes (2) on a housing side. The second plate element (6) with a predetermined length and width, is arranged lying approximately horizontal with an endface (6a) in the vicinity of the top edge (4a) of the first plate type element (4).    USE - Moving vehicles e.g. cars, boats or aircraft.    ADVANTAGE - Pumping action on electrolyte is achieved at relatively small cost to provide increased power output without increasing battery dimensions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The circulation of the electrolyte is effected by the inbuilt components. With the movement of the battery the components cause a pump action creating a flow. Units are also provided which effect a circulation by thermal convection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 4 shows liquid electrolyte battery.    First plate element (4)    Second plate element. (6)
NOVELTY - A strongly electrostatically negative charged belt (1) is led through the electrolyte (3) of the anode (2). The belt due to its charge attracts the positive hydrogen ions. Leaving the electrolyte the belt is moistened with electrolyte and hydrogen ions. The ion mixture is separated from the belt and is supplied to the cathode (7). With a continuous supply of the mixture, DC current can be tapped at the separate electrodes (2,7).    USE - Stationary and mobile power supply on the basis of controllability of current output, esp. as current source for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Electrodes were separated by a diaphragm to avoid a chemical short circuit, but with increase of ohmic resistance of cell resulting the output of the cell was lowered. The use of a moving body electrostatically charged, eliminates the problem.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 shows the fuel cell.    Belt (1)    Electrolyte (3)    Anode (2)    Cathode. (7)
Production of hydrogen, especially pure hydrogen comprises: (a) gasifying biomaterial (B) in a vaporiser (1) in the presence of water vapour to form a raw gas containing hydrogen; (b) adjusting the temperature in the vaporiser (1) in the reaction zone so that the vapour pressure of selected components of the biomaterial (B), e.g. minerals is low so that the components together with ash (A) produced during gasification are removed from the process; and (c) removing the hydrogen from the crude gas by means of a hot gas filter (2). An apparatus for carrying out the process is also claimed.    USE -   For producing hydrogen from clarified sludge, city waste and grass cuttings.    ADVANTAGE -   Highly pure hydrogen is produced.
NOVELTY - A method of forming a conductive seal between the fluid flow field plates of a stack of electrochemical fuel cells comprises compressing flexible graphite sheet, impregnated with adhesive thermosetting resin on each side, between adjacent cells to form graphite to graphite contact between sheet and field plates with pockets of resin between then thermosetting the resin.    USE - Used for bonding electrical fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The sealability of flexible graphite sheet is enhanced whilst retaining high electrical conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method of forming a conductive seal between the fluid flow field plates of a stack of electrochemical fuel cells, each comprising a membrane electrode assembly between the field plate comprises compressing flexible graphite sheet, impregnated with adhesive thermosetting resin on each side, between adjacent cells to form graphite to graphite contact between sheet and field plates with pockets of resin between then thermosetting the resin.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for a fluid cell component comprising: i) a fluid flow field plate comprising a single resin impregnated flexible graphite sheet having needle-shaped ceramic fiber particles embedded therein which are non-reactive with graphite, stable to 2000 degreesF and extend from at least one outer planar surface of the sheet to provide channels for containing resin, where one sheet surface is flat and the other forms a continuous flow channel to exhaust or receive fluid fuel or oxidant. ii) a thin flat flexible graphite sheet arranged contiguous and coextensive with the flat surface and bonded thereto by thermoset resin pockets.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an electrically conductive seal according to the invention.    Flexible graphite sheet (3010)    Flow field plates of adjacent cells (1000,1100)    Compressive force (3050)    Thermosetting resin pockets (3080)    Graphite to graphite contacts. (3060)
NOVELTY - A hybrid electrical power system includes a turbo-machine (12) and a solid oxide fuel cell (14) made of a stack of individual cells, each including anode material defining passageways for a fuel, cathode material defining passageways for an oxidant and solid electrolyte separating the anode and cathode materials. Heated compressed air from the turbomachine and hydrogen are supplied to inlets (16,18) and voltage of the cell is determined by the number of cells, while the amperage rating is determined by the surface area of the anodes and cathodes. The turbo-machine utilizes exhaust air and unburned fuel from the cell    USE - Generation of electrical power using solid oxide fuel cell and turbo-machine    ADVANTAGE - Providing boost power to ground vehicle, ship, portable generator, electric vehicle and other portable systems    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a method of operating fuel cell and turbo-machine    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a block diagram of hybrid electrical power system according to present invention.    Turbo-machine (12)    Solid oxide fuel cell (14)    Inlets (16,18)    Hybrid electrical power system (10)
NOVELTY - The pressure gauges (1) have self-generating voltage units (21) with a spring plate (211) which is mounted to the gauge cap (14) at one end and has a weighting block (212) at the other. A piezoelectric unit (210) is secured to the spring plate. The plate deforms to subject the piezoelectric unit to a mechanical stress, during motion, to enable the piezoelectric unit to generate a voltage output.    USE - The self power generating units are used to power the tire pressure gauges which are connected to in-car tire pressure indicators on the vehicle instrument panel to indicator to the driver when the tire pressure is too low.    ADVANTAGE - The self-powered pressure gauges ensure that a low tire pressure is not identified because the gauges have run out of power. The gauges work correctly without inconvenience to the driver of having to check the power levels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The units are disposed within the casings of the gauges and are connected to electrically operate the signal generating device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the pressure gauge.    Pressure gauge (1)    Gauge cap (14)    Self-generating voltage units (21)    Piezoelectric unit (210)    Spring plate (211)    Weighting block (212)
NOVELTY - A magnet is mounted onto a mandrel whose outer diameter is turned to achieve predetermined gap between stator and rotor in assembled state. Subsequently, the inner diameter of rim section of the rotor is turned to receive the magnet. Then adhesive is applied to outer and inner diametral surfaces of magnet and rim section, during bonding and is cured.    USE - For energy storage apparatus for hybrid motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures desired bonding strength between magnet and rotor rim section, thereby reduces axial stress.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows process flow chart of magnet mounting method.
NOVELTY - A delta calculation unit (109) calculates the differential angle, `delta' between an induced voltage and a terminal voltage. Based on the calculated differential angle delta and standard differential angle delta. The temperature of a permanent magnet of the synchronous machine is estimated by a temperature estimation unit (111). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature of the permanent magnet is estimated based on difference between the differential angle at a particular temperature and the angle at a reference temperature. The synchronous machine is controlled by the estimated temperature.    USE -   In hybrid drive system for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents reduction of output due to temperature rise by preventing demagnetization of magnet. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of the generator controller in hybrid drive system. (109) Delta calculation unit; (111) Temperature estimation unit.
NOVELTY - Output voltage of vehicle mounted battery (6) is given to DC-AC converter circuit (7) through DC power line (24), which converts DC voltage to single phase AC voltage and given to power supply adapted through AC power line (25).    USE -   For electrical equipment in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Flexibility can be improved and standard potential of single-phase AC voltage becomes equal to potential of battery voltage by converting DC battery voltage to single phase AC voltage through converter circuit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of vehicle mounted DC-AC converter. (6) Vehicle mounted battery; (7) DC-AC converter circuit; (24) DC power line; (25) AC power line.
NOVELTY - An air-core coil (L1) is connected between the monitoring point (P) of the power-supply line (W) and the intermediate terminal (T1c) of the primary winding (T1) of the transformer (T).    USE -   For DC-DC converter of AC power supply, for electric equipment and OA apparatus, mounted in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures reliable absorption of high voltage occurring on the power-supply line by the Zener diode, thus protecting the semiconductor switching components. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an electric-circuit diagram showing a part of DC-DC converter. (L1) Air-core coil; (P) Monitoring point; (T) Transformer; (T1) Primary winding; (T1c) Intermediate terminal; (W) Power-supply line.
NOVELTY - A backup power source (50) with an auxiliary battery (51) is connected in parallel with a main battery (11) to supply power for starters (20,30) of protection devices controlled by controller (70). During vehicle collision, when the battery voltage detected by detector (60) is below preset level, controller stops power to that device and energizes other device.    USE -   For passenger protection devices such as airbag, seat belt pre-tensions of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures reliable operation of protective devices during collision of vehicles. Offers optimum supply of electric power to protective devices. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the block diagram of drive circuit. (11) Main battery; (20,30) Starters; (50) Backup power source; (51) Auxiliary battery; (60) Detector; (70) Controller.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor switch (22) receives a PWM signal and stops power supplied to the defrost device based on predetermined conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor switch (22) switches a power supply to a defrost device. A drive (26) indicates the switching ON of the switching element as a PWM signal. An operating switch (25) provides an operating indication to the drive unit. The drive outputs a clock of first predetermined period from starting of the switching ON of the operating switch. A second clock is output after the progression of the first period. During first clock, the duty ratio of the PWM signal is fixed and during the second clock period the duty ratio of the PWM signal is gradually reduced. A PWM signal control signal is input to the switching element for stoppage after a specific time.    USE -   For defroster and rear defogger of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Conserves energy in drive circuit, since electric power is reduced in second half of control process. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the drive circuit. (22) Semiconductor switch0; (25) Operating switch; (26) Drive.
NOVELTY - A vehicle shake detector (26a) detects shake of vehicle. The fly position controller (27) controls the position of fly wheel by driving servo motor based on the vehicle shake detection result. A generator motor controller (18) controls supply storage of energy between generator motor (14) and fly wheels based on accelerator and brake signals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Transmission (13) is driven by generator motor (14) which is charged by battery. A fly wheel (20) is supported by double gimbal bearing which is connected to the servo motor. A generator motor (28) is connected with the drive shaft of flywheel.    USE -   For motor vehicle, construction machinery, fork lift truck.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves increase in efficiency of energy storage thereby run stability of vehicle is achieved. Development of gyroscopic moment of flywheel is suppressed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of vehicular drive control device. (13) Transmission; (14,28) Generator motors; (18) Generator motor controller; (20) Flywheel; (26a) Vehicle shake detector; (27) Fly position controller.
NOVELTY - A split bush (20) is placed within the bore of an electrode retainer (11) to shrink on tightening the retainer with a fastener according to the size of a battery post (P) placed inside and is clamped.    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables coupling of battery posts of different sizes without adding cost as split bush shrinks according to post size. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows isometric view of battery terminal. (11) Electrode separator; (20) Split bush; (P) Battery post.
NOVELTY - A metal strip is bent to form a cuff adjacent to the curved part between opposing pieces (11) coupled by a bolt at the end. A partition moves selectively within the cuff according to the size of a battery post to clamp against the curved part by the lightening of the oppositing faces with the bolt.    USE -   For motor vehicle mounted battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables connection with post of different sizes thus eliminating use of separate terminal for each battery as partition moves within cuff selectively. Simplifies clamping as partition moves automatically with lightening of bolt. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of battery terminal. (11) Opposing pieces of metal plate; (20) Partition.
NOVELTY - Vanadium compound containing pentavalent vanadium is reduced and product is evaluated by differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTA) in the presence of air circulation. Analysis results shows vanadium compound having valency less than 5 with DTA peaks at temperature below 600 C is obtained for a redox reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reduction product is dissolved in aqueous sulphuric acid or it is mixed with pentavalent vanadium compound and dissolved with aqueous sulphuric acid solution. This forms a vanadium electrolyte mixture consisting of trivalent and tetravalent vanadium compound. Vanadium electrolyte is manufactured by using vanadium as a positive and negative electrode active material.    USE -   For redox batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables manufacture of high trivalent and tetravalent vanadium content electrolyte.
NOVELTY - A modified gas formation device is contained in a housing (100) which is provided with air vent (101), through which an air mixture is collected. The collected air is partially oxidized, using a heated gas and the partially oxidized air, forming a modified gas (which essentially consists of hydrogen), by steam reformation. The gas is supplied to fuel pole, for generation of electricity.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The piping systems are simplified since the modified gas formation device and the oxidation reactor are present in the housing. The temperatures of the modified gas formation device and the oxidation reactor are easily elevated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of the fuel battery system. (100) Housing; (101) Air vent; (120) Carbonmonoxide conversion unit.
NOVELTY - A container (21) storing fuel battery (20) generates electricity using cathode gas containing oxygen and anode gas containing hydrogen. Anode waste gas ejected from anode and cathode waste gas ejected from the cathode are burnt. A carbon dioxide recycle line (7) supplies combustion gas from a modifier (22) to a cathode (C).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gas emission line (16) connected to the CO2 recycle line (7) exhausts residual gas via cooler (50), cut-off valve (52) and flow control valve (54). A purge gas line (15) is connected between a container (21) via a gas blower (38) and junction points of cut-off valve and a cooler (50) via a steam separator (37). The cooler is connected to CO2 recycle line.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   As residual gas in plant during emergency shut down was cooled, and cut-off valve and flow control valve are made into low temperature, usage of hot waste gas discharge valve is avoided. As procurement expense of these valves is reduced, plant cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel battery electricity generator device. (7) Carbon dioxide recycle line; (15) Purge gas line; (20) Fuel battery; (21) Container; (22) Modifier; (37) Steam separator; (38) Gas blower; (50) Cooler; (52) Cut-off valve; (54) Flow control valve; (C) Cathode.
NOVELTY - Fuel battery (20) is accommodated in a container (21). Carbon dioxide recycling line (7) receives air from air line (8) and connected to modifier (22) that supplies combustion gas to the cathode. Vapor line (9) secures heating for anode. Purge gas line (14) branches from air line (8) and supplies purified gas to container (21).    USE -   For power generation using fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers compact apparatus thereby reducing plant cost in turn simplifying operation. Improves plant efficiency by effective usage of remainder air of turbine compressor. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows entire block diagram of electric power generating device. (7) Recycling line; (8) Air line; (9) Vapor line; (14) Purge gas line; (20) Fuel battery; (21) Container; (22) Modifier.
A reinforced ion exchange membrane consists of a perfluorocarbon polymer reinforced with reinforcing cloth formed of a fluorocarbon polymer fibre. The reinforcing cloth consists of the tape yarn of the fluorocarbon polymer and is a woven fabric having 10-100-denier warp and 10-100-denier weft, a warp and weft density of 3-50 pieces/inch, and a cross point thickness of the warp and weft of 40 microns or less.    USE -   The reinforced ion exchange membrane is used in a diaphragm for a high polymer solid electrolytic fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE -   Reducing the cross point thickness of the reinforcing cloth evolves no through pin holes in the reinforcing cloth even if a thin cation exchange resin film is integrated with the reinforcing cloth. The ion exchange membrane has low electrical resistance and high mechanical strength.
NOVELTY - The air flow rate to an air line (7) is measured using a flowmeter (44) and adjusted by controlling the flow control valves (38,39) in the turbine bypass line (13) of the multistage turbo compressors (26,28). The opening of each flow control valve is fixed when one among the tachometers (40,41) indicates the set speed of the corresponding turbo compressors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel battery (20) generates electricity from a cathode gas containing oxygen and anode gas containing hydrogen. The anode waste gas and the cathode waste gas ejected from the anode and the cathode of the fuel battery are burnt in a modifier (22). The heating gas containing water vapor with the modification heat of the modifier is supplied to the anode and used as anode gas. The combustion gas from the modifier is supplied to the cathode through a carbon dioxide recycle line (3). Air is compressed and supplied to the air line by the compressors (26b,28b) when the turbines (26a,28a) of the turbo compressors are actuated by the cathode waste gas. Water supplied to a waste heat recovery boiler (30) is heated by the waste gas of the turbo compressors and the steam generated is mixed with the heating gas.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   High pressure air can be supplied to the plant and the plant efficiency can be improved with multistage serial connection of turbo compressors actuated by cathode waste gas. A stabilized operation out of a surging area can be performed by controlling the turbo compressors based on the air mass flow and the turbine revolving speed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire block diagram of a fuel battery power generation system. (3) Carbon dioxide recycle line; (7) Air line; (20) Fuel battery; (22) Modifier; (26) First turbo compressor; (28) Second turbo compressor; (26a,28a) Turbines; (26b,28b) Compressors; (30) Waste heat recovery boiler; (38,39) Flow control valves; (40,41) Tachometer; (44) Flow meter.
NOVELTY - A carbon dioxide recycle line (3) circulates the combustion gas of a modifier (22) with a blower (32) and sends along with supply of air to the cathode (C) of a fuel battery (20). An exhaust gas utilization line (6) supplies the cathode waste gas from the cathode (C) to a turbine drive unit (26) formed in the blower of the carbon dioxide recycle line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel battery generates electric power from a cathode gas containing oxygen and an anode gas containing hydrogen. The cathode waste gas and the anode waste gas ejected from the cathode and the anode (A) of the fuel battery are burnt in a modifier (22). The heating gas containing water vapor with the modifying heat of the modifier is supplied to the anode and used as an anode gas.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The energy recovery efficiency improves since the direct drive of a carbon dioxide recycle blower is performed by an expander turbine actuated by the cathode waste gas. The generator for blower, a reducer, a control panel becomes unnecessary. A cost reduction becomes possible. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the entire block diagram of a fuel battery electrical power generation device. (3) Carbon dioxide recycle line; (6) Exhaust gas utilization line; (20) Fuel battery; (22) Modifier; (26) Turbine drive unit; (32) Blower.
NOVELTY - A cover (47) provided within rib (53) is inserted between the batteries (1) to bisect a battery accommodation space. A ventilation hole is provided in a battery holder (3) to provide a communication between battery receipt space between the adjoining batteries. Air is supplied in the bisected space through an air scoop to cool a battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The batteries are serially accommodated inside a battery frame (7) so that sides of the battery terminals (17) oppose each other. An opening (37) formed in the upper portion of the battery frame corresponding to a battery terminal, is closed by a cover (47). An air scoop is provided to receive cooled air from an air conditioning unit. The air, after cooling a battery receipt space is ejected through an air drain hole.    USE -   For cars.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs air conditioning of a battery receipt space to enable a battery to function effectively. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates a perspective view of a battery fixing structure. (1) Batteries; (3)Battery holder; (7) Battery frame; (17) Battery terminal; (37) Opening; (47) Cover; (53) Rib.
NOVELTY - The insertion arrangement of batteries (17) is performed from the openings (23) formed at the ends in a mutually parallel pair of hollow battery receptacle frames (19) whose side wall surfaces are mutually connected. The openings are closed by closing plates (29) which perform the press fixation of the contained batteries from the ends. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM explains the fixing method.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The suspension of the batteries can be performed easily since the batteries contained inside the battery receptacle frames are pressed and fixed by the closing plates which close the end openings of the battery receptacle frames. The productivity of battery fixing work can be raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the disassembly isometric view of a battery fixing structure. (17) Battery; (19) Battery receptacle frame; (23) Opening; (29) Closing plate.
NOVELTY - A specified number of mutually parallel cylindrical batteries (1) are assembled in mutual proximity with their axial center section of peripheral surface exposed between two resin cases (2) which cover the conductors (3) connected to their adjoining anode terminals (12) and cathode terminals on both sides. Both resin cases are fastened by several connection rods (4).    USE -   For car batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   All batteries can be assembled with superior attachment property and safety by simple structure with resin cases and connection rods. Cooling property is secured simply by exposing the axial center sections of the batteries. The relative displacement between the batteries can be regulated by adopting plates with positioning holes at both ends for passing through the cylindrical batteries. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a partial plan showing the assembly structure of a battery group assembly with partially cut view of the resin cases. (1) Cylindrical battery; (2) Resin case; (3) Conductors; (4) Connection rod; (12) Anode terminal.
NOVELTY - Generators (3) are connected to wind mills (2) arranged at specific intervals in a wind tunnel (1). The aperture diameter of the wind tunnel is made to gradually decrease towards the leeward side, according to which the size of wind mills vary. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The revolving shaft (4) of all the wind mills are coaxially connected. A pressing board is reciprocated by a drive unit corresponding to wind speed information of an anemometer (5). A cut off board (6) is arranged in front of wind tunnel, which closes when strong wind is detected by reciprocating motion of pressing board.    USE -   Used as electrical power generating device in vehicle, apartments.    ADVANTAGE -   The rupture of wind mill by strong wind is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial side view of wind mill system. (1) Wind tunnel; (2) Wind mills; (3) Generators; (4) Revolving shaft; (5) Anemometer; (6) Cut off board.
NOVELTY - A generator (2) is used as a power source in addition to an internal combustion engine (1).    USE -   For e.g hydraulic excavator used for civil work including tunnel digging.    ADVANTAGE -   Exhaust gas and noise are reduced, by using small sized generator as a motive power. Supplies electric power in the night thereby workability is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a profile diagram of hydraulic excavator having generator. (1) Internal combustion engine; (2) Generator.
NOVELTY - The composition includes 0.010% or less of carbon and nitrogen with nickel forming the remaining fraction.    USE -   For EV batteries of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The material for electric pole excels in cooling mouldability and reduces the manufacturing cost of the battery.
NOVELTY - The plug device includes plug connectors which respectively have a sideways extending case to provide additional receptacles in a case section. The receptacles accommodate a socket contact or a plug pin contact for a third main contact, or alternately an additional fluid or gas coupling.    USE - For connecting a rechargeable battery with electrolyte circulation to a power and fluid supply. E.g. for connecting the battery to a factory floor transporter electric vehicle or a charger.    ADVANTAGE - The plug device is light and compact and allows addition connections.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a plug connector in the form of a socket or plug.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a socket.
NOVELTY - The emergency current supply contains an auxiliary energy source (8) and a logic circuit (29) which can couple the emergency etc. call system (1) to the auxiliary energy source for direct voltage supply, or using a switch, when voltage threshold value of the car battery is below a given voltage level, the starter motor is not actuated and the transmitter is ready for operation.    USE - For emergency current supply on interruption of car battery current supply.    ADVANTAGE - Facility for incorporating into a car during mfr., or subsequently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The auxiliary energy source consists of one or more primary batteries, or of rechargeable accumulators, or several separate accumulator sets, pref. a mobile telephone is used as transmitter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates one inventive design.    logic circuit (29)    transmitter (1)    auxiliary energy source. (8)
NOVELTY - A series-connection of a timing member (8), an OFF release stage (9), and an OFF stage (10) is provided at the control electrode (2) of the FET (1). Preferably, the FET switching output voltage is monitored by the OFF stage which, in case of a fault or short circuit is so activated that the FET energizing is instantaneously blocked and thus the output voltage switched-off. Simultaneously with the FET blocking the charging of the timing member is started. At the charge end the OFF release and the OFF stages are blocked, which stops the blocking of the FET energizing.    USE - For car onboard voltage installations, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Not only instant switch-off of output switching stage in case of a defect, but also automatic reconnection after defect removal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DRAWING DESCRIPTION - Circuit design.    FET (1)    Its control electrode (2)    Timer (8)    Off release stage (9)    Off stage. (10)
NOVELTY - A cover (26) having several protuberances (44,46) is fixed to the tray. The protuberances of the cover engages with the straps with sufficient strength so that when the cover is removed from the pack, the interbattery connectors are disengaged simultaneously from battery terminals without disengaging from the cover.    USE - For electric vehicles, stationary power sources.    ADVANTAGE - Provides cover which disconnects and connects interbattery connectors to battery terminals simultaneously, thus replacement and repair of defective batteries is performed easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several batteries (4) are arranged in a tray (6). An interbattery connector (18) having a rigid strap (20) with couplers (22,24) is connected to the terminals (8,10) of the batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows isometric view of battery cover pack and underside of battery cover.    Batteries (4)    Tray (6)    Terminals (8,10)    Interbattery connector (18)    Rigid strap (20)    Couplers (22,24)    Cover (26)    Protuberances (44,46)
NOVELTY - A hydrophilic graphite fuel cell electrode which does not require humidification is made using a low-density graphite which is thinned and roughened to a porous surface on which catalyst is deposited. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method of making a hydrophilic graphite fuel cell electrode which does not require humidification at 140-160F comprises providing a graphite main body which is free of polytetrafluoroethylene and half the density of pure graphite. This is roughened and thinned to 75 microns, where the main body has a smooth surface and one enclosing micropores and mesopores (31), and a catalyst (18) deposited to make an anode (6) from one body and a cathode (8) from another: a gas-permeable current collector (7) is then connected to the anode. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electrode as above for use with an ionomer membrane.    USE -   As electrodes in fuel cell assemblies having ionomer membranes    ADVANTAGE -   Electrodes are hydrophilic, allowing humidification to be continually resupplied and avoiding prior water management problems; electrical conductivity is good and catalyst loading low. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A cross-section of the electrode layers is shown. (6) Anode; (7) Current collector; (8) Cathode; (18) Catalyst; (31) Pores.
NOVELTY - Top and bottom plates (12,14) are biased away from each other by a hinge (24) for retaining the conductors inserted inside holes provided in the plates. Wire connector (26) has a cavity to receive an electrical wire and side walls to grasp the electrical wire.    USE - For automobile batteries, electrical circuit and electrical components.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to firmly retain conductors inserted in holes in plates and electrical wire inserted inside wire connector. Enables easier and quicker usage by utilizing single component assembly. Simplifies electrical connection by eliminating complex assembling procedure. Simplifies connector fabrication and reduces manufacturing cost by eliminating complex machining and shaping processes. Enables to utilize same connector for electrical connection of conductors of different sizes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The longitudinal axes of the top and bottom plates are parallel when the plates are moved towards each other and are nonparallel when moved away from each other. The size and shape of the holes provided in the top and bottom plates are same and are slightly larger than the electrical conductor inserted inside the holes. The holes in the top and bottom plates are aligned with each other when the plates are moved towards each other and are not aligned when moved away from each other. The hinge joins rear portions (18,22) of the top and bottom plates together so that front portions (16,20) of the top and bottom plates are moved relative to each other.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan view of an electrical connector.    Bottom plates (12,14)    Front portions (16,20)    Rear portions (18,22)    Hinge (24)    Wire connector (26)
NOVELTY - Vaporised oxygen and methanol are supplied to a layered catalyst (11,12) in a reactor (4). The activity of oxygen increases from supply side catalyst layer (11) towards the ejection side catalyst layer (12).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen gas plant. The gas plant has a liquid oxygen supply source (1), liquid methanol supply source (2) and a heater (3) to vaporise liquid oxygen and methanol. The catalytic reaction of the vaporised oxygen and methanol is carried out in a reactor to form hydrogen gas.    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   A heat retention unit for the catalyst is unnecessary. The apparatus is simple and compact. The burning of hydrogen gas due to excessive heat is prevented and its invert ratio is increased considerably.
NOVELTY - Main power supply line (12) supplies current to the vehicle from a storage battery (14). When abnormal judgment unit (20) detects that the detected current flow through main supply line is abnormal, a cut-off unit (16) cuts off the supply line. Then, current is supplied from an auxiliary storage battery (22).    USE -   For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Faults such as short circuit of power supply line is reliably prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic circuit diagram of vehicular power supply. (12) Main power supply line; (14) Storage battery; (16) Cut-off unit; (20) Abnormal judgment unit; (22) Auxiliary storage battery.
NOVELTY - An operating unit sets a switching unit (15) which supplies power to electrical device of vehicles to OFF state, when the connectors (38,4C) start to contact and sets to a connection state, when predetermined amount of coupling of connectors is performed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A vehicle side connector (38) is provided inside a compartment of a vehicle. An insertion and removal side connector is provided in the device of vehicle. The switching unit (15) is provided between power supply and the electrical device.    USE -   For electrical device of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs favorable electric power supply to electrical device. Prevents arc development during connector connection. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of electric power supply apparatus in vehicle. (15) Switching unit; (38,4C) Connectors.
NOVELTY - A switching control circuit generates drive signals (CS1,CS2) of duty ratio of predetermined suspension, for controlling switching elements (SWa,SWb). The switching control circuit for inverter (12) generates drive signals (IS1-IS4) of variable duty ratio, based on which switching elements (SW1-SW4) of DC-AC converter are switched, depending on DC voltage value `Va'. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A DC-DC converter outputs a DC voltage, which is rectified by a H-bridge circuit. The rectified DC voltage is converted to AC voltage by a DC-AC converter. The two converters are operated by respective switching elements.    USE -   For motor vehicle mounted AC power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides inexpensive AC power supply and its size is minimized by reducing circuit components. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit diagram of AC power supply. (11) Converter; (12) Inverter; (CS1,CS2) Drive signals; (IS1-IS4) Drive signals; (SWa,SWb) Switching elements; (SW1-SW4) Switching elements.
NOVELTY - A lighter unit (21) of a cigar lighter (20) equipped in a vehicle is operated, when a battery (B) which outputs DC source voltage (Vb) is switched ON. As a result power supply switch-on detect switch (25) is switched ON. A generation unit (26) generates a stop signal in response to ON state of switch, for stoppage of DC-DC converter (12).    USE -   For operating various electrical equipments such as cigar lighter, OA apparatus mounted in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   AC power supply with simple circuit is used, thus load of battery is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows electric circuit diagram of AC power supply. (20) Cigar lighter; (21) Lighter unit; (25) Power supply switch-on detect switch; (26) Generation unit; (B) Battery.
NOVELTY - Satellite (10) includes transmitter which transmits electricity generated by the solar panel (11) to the terrestrial station (20) as microwaves. The terrestrial station carries out electricity generation using the microwaves and transmits it as microwaves. The electric vehicle (30) generates electricity from the microwaves and uses it for its operation.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents pollution since petroleum is not used. Since solar panel is provided on satellite, it is possible to provide solar panel of large area. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the electric power supply system. (10) Satellite; (11) Solar panel; (20) Terrestrial station; (30) Electric vehicle.
NOVELTY - Electric allocation box (J/B) has several branch cables for splitting input power line into several output lines. Comparator (15) compares voltages of branch cables based on which short-circuit in any of output power supply lines (BL2,BL3) connected to branch cables, is determined.    USE -   In vehicles for detecting short-circuit in power supply line.    ADVANTAGE -   Circuit is simplified since abnormality is detected based on voltage levels of branch cable lines. Exchange of an abnormal power supply line and repair is easy since the abnormal cable is displayed in display unit. By providing switch in each of branch cable, abnormal cable can be easily isolated from the circuit, thus prevents further damage to the circuit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the connection diagram of the vehicular power supply apparatus. (15) Comparator; (J/B) Electric allocation box.
NOVELTY - Several electrical double layer condenser cells (2) are accommodated in a capacitor box (3), with heat carrier (X) in-between.    USE -   For actuation of electric vehicle, hybrid motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents deterioration of the power supply unit due to heat generated by capacitor cells. Removes the restrictions regarding installation while mounted on the vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the power supply. (2) Electrical double layer condenser cells; (3) Capacitor box; (X) Heat carrier.
NOVELTY - A metallic strip made attachment unit (11) has a curved section (12) corresponding to the shape of peripheral surface of battery post (P). A pressing unit (19) accommodated opposite to the curved section performs pressure fixation of the battery box against the curved section through nut (17) and bolt (18).    USE -   For connecting wire to battery post of motor vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Troublesomeness during usage of battery terminal is eliminated depending on modality. Electrical connection is made reliably, since pressing member always contacted to the position of battery post. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the plan view of battery terminal. (11) Attachment unit; (12) Curved section; (17) Nut; (18) Bolt; (19) Pressing unit.
NOVELTY - A battery post (P) is gripped by opposite holding units (11,12). One end of both the holding units are connected by a screw bundle unit (13) that perform screw fastening, to make the holding units approach mutually to grip the battery post. Other end of the holding units is connected by switching clamp (14) through which the holding units are changed to multiple positions.    USE -   For connecting wire to battery post of motor vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Space between the holding units is varied with the switching clamp through which the holding units are changed to different positions and thus battery posts of different sizes can be held by battery terminal. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing gives isometric view of battery terminal. (11,12) Holding units; (13) Screw bundle unit; (14) Switching clamp; (P) Battery post .
NOVELTY - Inlet and outlet nozzles (26a,26b,28a,28b) formed in semicircular cooling jackets (12a,12b) to circulate cooling water. The direction of water flow mutually differs in flow paths (30a,30b) formed in the cooling jackets.    USE -   For battery module in car and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Restrains dispersion in heat transfer efficiency for various battery cells. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows isometric view of cooling arrangement. (12a,12b) Cooling jackets; (26a,26b) Inlet nozzles; (28a,28b) Outlet nozzles; (30a,30b) Flow paths.
NOVELTY - The fixed sealing boards support an anode collector terminal (13) linked to the lead terminal of the anode (11) and the cathode collector terminal (14) linked to the lead terminal of a cathode (12) of a core (9) which is wound by an electrode group (10).    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The internal short circuit and the voltage defect are prevented when the non-aqueous secondary battery is used. The battery excels in vibration-proof property and drop proof property, hence it is a superior battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the non-aqueous secondary battery. (9) Cylindrical core; (10) Electrode group; (11) Anode; (12) Cathode; (13) Anode collector terminal; (14) Cathode collector terminal.
NOVELTY - A door (33) is installed on a package (32) that covers a multilayered body (26). A fuel inlet manifold (30) and an oxidizing agent manifold are formed adjacent to the door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel pole and an oxidizing agent pole are arranged opposite to each other. A single cell is laminated between the pair of poles. The fuel manifold which supplies or ejects heating gas is formed to the fuel pole.    USE -   Used for generation of electricity by electrochemical reaction.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy refilling of electrolyte by removing a part of package. Prevents leakage of electricity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view electrochemical fuel battery. (26) Multilayered body; (30) Fuel inlet manifold; (32) Package.
NOVELTY - An oxidizing gas from manifold (2) is supplied to multilayered fuel battery (1) through a pipe (15) connected to a cooling water feed pipe (10). The other end of pipe (15) is connected to an outlet pipe (11). Heat exchange between the cooling water and the oxidizing gas is performed by a heat exchanger.    USE -   For power generating device using fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature distribution in the fuel battery section is uniform because the oxidizing gas is supplied only after heating. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of power generating device. (1) Fuel battery; (2) Manifold; (10) Cooling water feed pipe; (11) Outlet pipe; (15) Pipe.
NOVELTY - Fuel gas with high H2concentration, is made to flow through modified gas filter (3) for removing the impurities. An electric heater (22) is arranged in the receipt part of filter element (21) of the modified filter to increase the temperature of filter element. Modified gas obtained is supplied to a burner through a by-pass circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The filter element consists of several microns of metal mesh. Temperature of the filter element is increased and maintained to predetermined temperature and operation is started. Modified gas is supplied to fuel pole of a battery for electricity generation by an electrochemical reaction.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Condensation of moisture in the modified gas filter and occlusion of flow path are avoided. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of modified gas filter. (3) Modified gas filter; (21) Filter element; (22) Electric heater.
NOVELTY - Detector detects charge level of battery (50) at the area of charge level where it appears in the external characteristics and at a second area where it does not appear in the external characteristics. Charge level is estimated from charge and discharge currents using data from an ammeter (72), a voltmeter (70) and temperature sensors (74) that are connected to the battery ECU (68) which calculates the charge level.    USE - Battery for an electric vehicle    ADVANTAGE - Improves accuracy of measurement of battery charge level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows a rough arrangement of the invention.    Vehicle battery (50)    Battery ECU (68)    Voltmeter (70)    Ammeter (72)    Temperature sensors (74)
NOVELTY - A high temperature fuel cell production involves forming a pure chromium (III) oxide layer on a chromium-containing component using a gaseous reactant mixture of extremely low equilibrium oxygen partial pressure.    USE - Especially for coating a metallic chromium-containing connector plate of a high temperature fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The Cr2O3 forms a stable, highly adherent, thick layer which prevents evaporation of chromium-containing compounds from the component surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A high temperature fuel cell production process involves forming a chromium oxide layer onto a chromium-containing component by supplying a mixture of two gaseous reactants, one of which contains oxygen such that the mixture has a low equilibrium oxygen partial pressure (pO2) of below 10-6 bar, in a ratio and at a temperature (T) such that only Cr2O3 is formed. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (i) production of a high temperature fuel cell, in which a chromium oxide layer is applied onto a chromium-containing component surface by exposure to a mixture of two gaseous reactants under conditions such that, at the process temperature (T), the mixture is reducing towards CrO2 and CrO3 and is oxidizing towards metallic chromium at the component surface; and (ii) a high temperature fuel cell with a layer produced as described above. Preferred Features: The reactants are H2 and H2). The process temperature (T) is 500-1200 (especially 950) degrees .    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of the variations of the standard Gibbs enthalpy values for different chromium oxides and the corresponding equilibrium oxygen partial pressures.    Standard Gibbs enthalpy (deltaG0)    ) Equilibrium oxygen partial pressure (p(O2)    Process temperature (T)
NOVELTY - The bicycle has a driving section driving the wheel and a battery supplying electric power to this section. A battery case (10) is loaded with the battery and mounted onto the bicycle main frame and has a transversal cross section with a recess (10c) to cover part of an outer surface of the main frame. A part of the battery is inserted into an inner space on each side of this recess.    USE - For utilizing driving power of motor for assisting human driving power.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved facility for riding on and off the bicycle by disposing the batteries separately to surround the main frame to provide less protuberance on each side. Allows side of battery case facing away from main frame, to be shaped like an arc or to have smaller width. Allows front or upper side of battery case to have a smaller width. Has a battery configuration with good space utilization efficiency by evading the chain case if the battery case is to be disposed near the standing pipe. Has battery case without exposing connector section to outside, thereby eliminating need for a cap for covering the connector section, reducing the number of components in the bicycle and providing a good appearance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a battery case for fitting to a bicycle frame.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a transversal cross-section of the battery case and a standing pipe of the electrically driven bicycle.    battery case (10)    recess (10c)
NOVELTY - The method involves converting the kinetic energy of braking into electrical energy in a generator and using the electrical energy to drive a cold or heat generating process. Cold storage involves a cod storage device with a phase change    USE - For using kinetic energy during motor vehicle braking for generating cold and heat.    ADVANTAGE - Performs limited temperature storage to ensure uniform temperature level in the cooled region.
NOVELTY - The vehicle security system uses a battery control circuit (52) connected to a MOSFET (52.1) with its source and drain coupled to 2 terminals (16 and 18) with a current limiting resistor coupled across them allowing a limited current to flow if the MOSFET is switched off. So the battery still gives 12 volts output with limited current for auxiliary circuits, but not enough to activate the starter motor.    USE -   For providing, using a battery for a vehicle security system, enhanced security when installed in a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides a vehicle security system in which the switching mechanism forms part of a conventional vehicle alarm system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows (52) battery control circuit; (52.1) the MOSFET; (16 and 18) two connecting terminals.
NOVELTY - Conventional lead alloy grids are replaced with impregnated polymeric fibre providing similar kinetics and thermodynamic properties at lower weight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bipolar lead acid battery comprises a number of cells each comprising positive and negative electrodes separated by a separator. the outer faces of the electrodes are in electrical contact with conductive inter-cell partitions and current collectors are attached to the ends of the positive and negative conductive partitions    USE -   Lead acid batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The batteries are substantially lighter and have lower production cost, and energy density can be improved.
NOVELTY - A metal film formed on the surface of a porous substrate is subjected to oxidation and reduction processes to form a porous layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for oxygen pumping unit.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since thickness of solid electrolyte film is reduced, conductivity of oxide ion is improved and hence output of fuel battery is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the smoothing process of porous substrate.
NOVELTY - Ozone is produced at the anode (3) of an electrolytic decomposition process ozone formation apparatus (1). Gas containing oxygen and the ozone formed, is guided to a gas liquid contactor (11) and ozone is transferred to the water side. Oxygen (21) is introduced as a raw material gas to a discharge method ozone formation apparatus (14) and the ozone formed is refluxed to the gas liquid contactor.    USE -   For sterilization of water, food stuffs.    ADVANTAGE -   Hydrogen gas is effectively handled which reduces the danger of handling.
NOVELTY - Novel catalytic apparatus has a thin layer (10, 10') formed of catalytic material through which the reaction mixture is passed under a pressure drop.    USE - To produce hydrogen, reduce carbon monoxide, oxidize carbon monoxide and burn a combustible feed.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus has a simple and compact structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of the catalyst by pressing a thin layer of catalyst material (10, 10') forming a molded body.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the apparatus.    thin layer (10, 10') channels (12, 14, 14')
NOVELTY - The fuel cell comprises separate anode and cathode cells (32,33) each containing respective electrodes (24). Fuel is supplied to the anode tank and an oxidant is supplied to the cathode tank. Each electrode is a monolithic electrode, a composite electrode or an internally coupled electrode with a catalyst surface.    USE - Fuel cells generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Increases fuel cell efficiency and power density to allow larger fuel cells to be produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In an INDEPENDENT CLAIM ions are drawn from the anode and cathode tanks into a reaction tank (29) where they react with the electrolyte to neutralize it for returning to the two tanks via streams (30,31).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell with parallel flow of electrolyte.    Electrode (24)    Reaction vessel (29)    Stream to anode tank (30)    Stream to cathode tank (32) Anode tank (31)    Cathode tank (33)
NOVELTY - When the power derived from the public electric utility is below a predetermined threshold level set by user. The utility remains the sole supply of power to customer's load. When the derived power from utility reaches threshold level set by the user. The switch (20) opens and power from auxiliary hydrocarbon powered fuel cell (10) is supplied to customer's load.    USE - In industries, retail establishments for supplying additional power to load to reduce peak power charges.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids payment of costly peak demand charges by supplying additional power from auxiliary power cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrocarbon powered fuel cell provided in the power management system, transforms the hydrocarbon fuel to electric power. A threshold level setting circuit (18) in the power management system, allows the customer to set the maximum power level to reduce peak demand charges. A comparator (16) determines whether the amount of power received by the customer from a public electric utility reaches the maximum power level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of power distribution circuit.    Fuel cell (10)    Comparator (16)    Threshold level setting circuit (18)    Switch (20)
NOVELTY - The assembly has a membrane layer comprising an electrolyte, and an electrode layer comprising nanoscopic catalyst particles. About 0-99% of the catalyst particles contact the membrane layer.    USE - For electrochemical devices e.g. proton exchange membrane fuel cells, electrolyzers, sensors, chlor-alkali separation membranes.    ADVANTAGE - The embedded electrode material is protected and used efficiently. Catalytic activity is enhanced with superior current capacity. A self humidifying cathode is obtained, thereby reducing need to humidify a cathode oxidant supply.
NOVELTY - Terminals (112,114) connected across a power cell are isolated and connected to electrical distribution blocks (150,140) respectively. Each distribution block (150,140) respectively has several connection points (166,168) and (162,164). A main fuse (130) is electrically connected between a terminal (112) and a distribution block (150).    USE - For powering audio system in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The fuse is properly configured as it is integrally disposed in the battery. Reduces system susceptibility to electrical noise and installation time as number of connection points are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The rating of the main fuse is between 60-300 amperes. Each connection point comprises threaded bore and a set screw. Each companion set screw of the direct wire type connection point has a threaded shaft and a body portion. A conductive cable is inserted into the bore and fixed using the set screw. The two distribution blocks are detachable and can be interchanged with two other distribution blocks of different configuration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents the exploded perspective diagram of battery.    Terminals (112,114)    Electrical distribution blocks (150,140)    Connection points (162,164,166,168)
NOVELTY - A sulphur concentration detector (1) is provided in the supply path of biogas, to a fuel battery (5). Hydrogen gas is fed to a desulphuriser (2) for further reduction of sulphur concentration. An adsorber (3) is provided adjacent to desulphuriser for removal of sulphur salts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system has desulphuriser, adsorber, modifier (6), transformer (7) in sequence. The completely desulphurised gas enters the battery. A hydrogen cylinder (18) is included to supply hydrogen gas to desulphuriser. The gas flow paths are controlled by a set of regulating valves (15,17,19).    USE -   For fuel battery using biogas plants.    ADVANTAGE -   Even a minor sulphur constituent is detected and gas supply is stopped immediately resulting in highly reliable power generation and efficiency. Enables long term dependability as operation is reliable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the block diagram of fermentation gas utilizing battery power generation. (1) Sulphur concentration detector; (2) Desulphuriser; (3) Adsorber; (5) Fuel battery; (6) Modifier; (7) Transformer; (15,17,19) Regulating valves; (18) Hydrogen cylinder.
NOVELTY - Reaction part (2) constituted by catalyst dispersed material, polyelectrolyte resin, and a dispersion medium of the base material is provided in contact with a polymer electrolyte film (1). The resulting polymer electrolyte film gas diffusion electrode (4) is processed by immersion and boiling in acidic solution such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.    USE -   For manufacturing polymer electrolyte film reaction part contact piece for fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves proton conductivity of polyelectrolyte by replacing cation with proton thereby offering higher cell voltage current density characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts model diagram of a cross section of the polymer electrolyte film gas diffusion electrode. (1) Polymer electrolyte film; (2) Reaction part; (4) Gas diffusion electrode.
NOVELTY - The porous electrode base (2) is bonded to catalyst layers (4) at both sides of a polymer electrolyte film (3) using covering sheets (1). Molten metal layers are provided in the covering sheets.    USE -   Used for solid polymer electrolyte type battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies assembling and exfoliating as porous electrode bases are easily bonded to catalyst layers at both sides of polymer electrolyte film. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembled isometric view of the electrode contact piece. (1) Covering sheet; (2) Porous electrode base; (3) Polymer electrolyte film; (4) Catalyst layer.
NOVELTY - Molten lead or its alloy is poured in gap between the internal surface of a bushing (4) and peripheral surface of an electric pole (5). Then, welding of bushing and electric pole is carried out with heat of molten lead alloy.    USE -   For lead storage battery used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents impregnation of electrolyte in gap between bushing and electric pole. Suppresses advance of corrosion. Secures good welding state. Improves dependability of lead storage battery terminal. Eliminates gap between bushing and electric pole by pouring molten lead alloy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of terminal before welding. (4) Bushing; (5) Electric pole.
NOVELTY - An electric pole (7) inserted into the hollow portion of a terminal bushing (9) and the bushing are joined by welding. The welding portion (13) of the electric pole and the bushing exposed at the top of the cover, is arranged in a channel cover (23) of an exhaust gas chamber (16). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hollow terminal bushing (9) with a stud bolt (12a) is formed in a resin cover (8) that covers a battery jar (1). The stud bolt projects from the top of the cover. An exhaust gas chamber (16) is formed in the cover.    USE -   For power supply of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Even when sealing agent is not applied at top surface of welding portion of terminal bushing and electric pole, leakage of electrolyte from battery jar is prevented. Facilitates to set height of electrode group accommodated in battery jar thereby narrows dead space battery jar thereby improves battery capacity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial broken side view of hermetic lead storage battery. (1) Battery jar; (7) Electric pole; (8) Cover; (9) Terminal bushing; (12a) Stud bolt; (13) Welding portion; (16) Exhaust gas chamber; (23) Channel cover.
NOVELTY - A battery case (4) accommodates several batteries (2). A silicon group elastic body (1) is arranged in locations where the case contacts the battery so as to provide buffer function.    USE -   For vehicles such as fork lift truck.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables absorption of vibration and impact at high temperature condition thus preventing degradation in performance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the battery pack. (1) Silicon group elastic body; (2) Batteries; (4) Battery case.
NOVELTY - An original fuel which consists of formaldehyde and water vapor is subjected to a modified reaction followed by a steam reforming reaction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. A supply means supplies the original fuel from which a modifier forms hydrogen. A steam reforming reaction in the presence of a catalyst is subsequently performed.    USE -   None given.
NOVELTY - Connecting terminal electrically connected to recess (12ac), connects lead electrode (13c) of thermoelectric conversion module (13). Lead electrode pieces project outward from low temperature end side of the conversion module. The recess which is formed on one surface of radiator (12) opposing module, expands and contracts along direction on which modules are arranged.    USE -   For converting thermal energy of exhaust gas let out from engine of motor vehicle and incinerator of factory to electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy electrical connection between thermoelectric conversion modules, by arranging connecting terminal member between modules and recess electrically. Electricity generated is raised as the thermal contact of thermoelectric conversion module and radiation member is performed satisfactorily by providing buffer member. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents sectional view of thermoelectric power generator. (12ac) Recess; (13) Thermoelectric conversion module; (13c) Lead electrode.
NOVELTY - Battery (90) is cooled by supplying ventilation flue and atmospheric air. Sensors (104,106) detect vicinity temperature of the battery and the temperature beside a compartment. A controller (108) regulates outdoor fan (102) and ventilation flue flow, based on detected temperature values. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery cooling apparatus.    USE -   For battery used in vehicular air conditioner of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs effective cooling of battery by simple control, irrespective of temperature thus minimises power consumption. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic explanatory drawing of battery cooling system. (90) Battery; (102) Outdoor fan; (104,106) Sensors; (108) Controller.
NOVELTY - A coolant air-tight case (10) undergoes evaporation on absorbing the heat generated by a battery (13). The evaporated coolant flows to a radiator (22) through an adsorption unit (21) and returns to air-tight case after cooling. The hydrogen gas discharged from the battery passes along with the evaporated coolant and is absorbed selectively by an adsorbent (21a) filled in the adsorption unit.    USE -   For electric vehicle eg. car, hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat generated by battery during charging and discharging is released out efficiently and hydrogen gas is removed from the cooling system efficiently using adsorbents, thus battery life is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a battery cooling system. (10) Air-tight case; (13) Battery; (21) Adsorption unit; (21a) Adsorbent; (22) Radiator.
NOVELTY - The inner terminals are connected to the respective external terminals (16,17) passed through a sealing (11). The external terminals are short circuited by the thermo switch when internal temperature of the battery case exceeds specific value. A protection valve is opened when internal pressure of the battery case exceeds set valve, DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The power generation component consists of an anode (1) and a cathode (2) through the separator are arranged in a battery case (10). The electrolyte is filled in the battery case. The opening of the battery case is safety unit has a thermoswitch (22) and a varistor element (29). The anode and cathode are connected to the respective inner terminals (6,7). The varistor voltage of the varistor element is set greater than the charging voltage of battery.    USE -   For electric vehicle, electrically driven cart, video camera, PC, security apparatus, backup apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables detachment of abnormal battery from battery group. Improves safe discharge characteristic of battery. Prevents corrosion of contact of switch and varistor element by electrolyte. Prevents contact failure caused by invasion of refuse, gas. Prevents firing in electrolyte by arc generated by contacts. Prevents overcharge of battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing secondary battery. (1) Anode; (2) Cathode; (6,7) Inner terminals; (10) Battery case; (11) Sealing; (16,17) External terminals; (22) Thermoswitch; (29) Varistor element.
NOVELTY - The fuel battery contains an oxidizing agent side pole (4) and a hot gas side pole (2). Gas with oxidisable matter which inhibits the fuel battery reaction is passed to hot gas pole. The oxidizable matter is oxidized at oxidizing agent side pole by supplying an oxygen content gas. A system for fluctuating the amount of oxygen content gas is provided in the battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (i) the operating method of the fuel battery. The fuel battery is operated at low temperature. During the addition of oxygen containing gas, the amount of gas is fluctuated periodically; (ii) for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus and its operation : The hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, manufacturing hydrogen enriched gas by electrolysis, has an electrolyte and a low concentration hydrogen gas side pole. An oxidizable element content gas, contacted at the low concentration hydrogen gas pole is oxidized by the supply of an oxygen content gas. Hydrogen rich gas is ejected at low temperature. The oxygen supply to the gas pole is fluctuated periodically by a system provided.    USE -   As portable power supply, emergency power source, for vehicles etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Oxygen containing gas is supplied periodically to the hot gas side pole or to the hydrogen gas pole. Hence sufficient amount of gas is supplied for the absorption of carbon monoxide from fuel gas. The carbon monoxide gas is oxidized and thereby catalyst poisoning is reduced. After oxidizing the carbon monoxide on the catalyst, the gas (oxygen containing gas) supply is stopped. Hydrogen consumption is limited to minimum extent, by keeping variation of cell voltage low. A fuel battery and / or an hydrogen manufacturing apparatus of increased efficiency are obtained. By keeping the time fluctuation width below 10% of the cell voltage or cell electricity, the consumption amount of gas with oxygen is minimized.
NOVELTY - The gas diffusion electrode fuel battery (11) which generates electrical energy from electrode main bodies (14,15) is arranged on both sides of alkali electrolytic liquid tank (12). The electrode main body is constituted using Fe group sintered alloy. The electrode generates the energy by circulating the active substance which is supplied continuously from an external source.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrode with sufficient rigidity and superior electricity generation efficiency is obtained. The elevation of temperature is suppressed. The contact area with an active substance is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows fuel battery with gas diffusion electrode. (11) Fuel battery; (12) Alkali electrolyte liquid tank; (14,15) Electrode main bodies.
NOVELTY - The lead storage battery has free electrolyte and an electrode group (2) that consists of a separator, a cathode and an anode. A water-repellent substance is coated on part or whole surface of the cathode plate.    USE -   For lead storage battery, calcium battery in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Arrangement of water-repellent surface to the cathode plate surface performs gas absorption reaction efficiently. The battery with free electrolyte of non-direct vent system has improved liquid decrease characteristic by restraining or inhibiting charging and discharging reaction.
NOVELTY - The flat circuit harness (1) arranged on a battery unit (2) has insulation sheet on its surface to cover flat conductor circuit connected to terminal of each battery (3) of the battery unit.    USE -   For battery unit used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The terminal section of the harness is easily assembled to a battery making improvement in workability. Installation space of the harness is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of the flat circuit harness with a battery unit. (1) Flat circuit harness; (2) Battery unit; (3) Battery.
NOVELTY - A pair of side pieces (5a) on either sides of a side wall (2a) of a battery casing (2) are formed such that they oppose mutually. A pair of stopper pieces (5b) project below from the side pieces, forming an insertion slot (6) to receive a narrow section (4d), freely. A recess (7) is formed to house an insertion section by suitable sizes of side and stopper pieces. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A connecting edge (4b) and the narrow section are formed along with a strip (4a) in a handle (4). A guide block (4f) projects from one end of an insertion section whose width is larger than that of the narrow section. A stopper (4g) latches with the lower side of a clamp mechanism (5).    USE -   In cars, industrial machine.    ADVANTAGE -   The handle is easily removed, improving ease of operation and handling time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of the handle and clamp mechanism. (2) Battery casing; (2a) Side wall; (4) Handle; (4a) Strip; (4b) Connecting edge; (4d) Narrow section; (4f) Guide block; (4g) Stopper; (5a) Side pieces; (5b) Stopper pieces; (6) Insertion slot; (7) Recess.
A battery jar is formed of a resin composition consisting of a 100 pts.wt.-propylene ethylene block copolymer, and a 0.01-3.0 pts.wt.-nucleating agent. The propylene ethylene block copolymer has a boiled heptane insoluble portion having an isotactic pentad percentage of 0.970 or more, 70-90 wt.% per the entire polymer.    USE -   The battery jar is used in an alkaline secondary battery used in an electric car.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery jar has superior properties, including alkali resistance, rigidity, and impact resistance. The inner surface of the battery jar has less deterioration with respect to long-term contact with an alkaline solution, and temperature cycle in service, and has sufficient strength to internal pressure and external impact.
NOVELTY - A hollow body (8) is provided with an oxygen and methanol feed zone (3,2) on one end, and a hydrogen gas outlet (4) on the other end. A reaction zone (6a) with the catalyst is provided inside the hollow body. A vaporization region (6b) is provided on the upper stream side of the reaction zone and vaporizes methanol due to the heat of the catalytic reaction.    USE -   For obtaining hydrogen gas used in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The heat of vaporization cools the reaction zone and prevents excessive temperature rise. The invert ratio of methanol to hydrogen gas is sharply raised, by uniform temperature distribution of the catalyst. Catalyst metal of limited quantity can be prepared in a large space with effective catalytic reaction.
NOVELTY - A battery voltage detection terminal (17) is incorporated in a molded resin board (11) in which battery connecting bus bars (16) are integrally molded. The terminal has a superposed contact portion and an electric wire connecting portion at opposing ends, and a fuse (21) is mounted at the middle.    USE - The plate is for connecting cylindrical batteries in an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The plate has less component parts, has good reliability of connection and is unlikely to produce errors in battery-to-battery connection and wiring.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is provided for a method of producing the connecting plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the connecting plate.    Molded resin board (11)    Bus bars (16)    Voltage detection terminal (17)    Fuse (21)
NOVELTY - A bus bar (16) connecting the batteries and a battery voltage detection unit (17) are integrally fixed to a molded resin board (11). The board has a window (14) through which a device mounting portion of the plate (10) is exposed to the exterior. A fuse (21) attaches to this portion through the window.    USE - The plate is for a number of cylindrical vehicle batteries in an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - There is a reduced number of exposed portions, which increases safety, and also stress propagating to a connecting portion such as soldering is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the connecting plate.    Connecting plate (10)    Molded resin board (11)    Window (14)    Bus bar (16)    Voltage detection unit (17)    Fuse (21)
NOVELTY - A voltage detection terminal (17) detects battery voltage and includes a resin leakage prevention piece formed at a side of a contact portion. The piece is opposed to a bus bar (16) which connects the detection terminal and batteries (1) , and also serves as a positioning piece with respect to the bus bar. The detection terminal is integrally fixed to a molded resin board.    USE - Electric vehicle batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The terminal and bus bar are not connected using any fastening or welding method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a perspective view of the connecting plate.    Batteries (1)    Bus bar (16)    Voltage detection terminal (17)
NOVELTY - The reforming device has a reformation unit (7) employing a reaction system comprising a partial oxidation reaction and a steam reformation reaction, supplied with vaporized fuel via a fuel vaporizer (4), coupled to a spray jet (6) and supplied with air via a fan unit (9). The reforming device is applicable to a fuel cell energy generation device.    USE -   For reformation of exhausted fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE -   The heat input rapidly follows the load variation.    DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - drawing shows a block diagram of a fuel cell reformation device. Fuel vaporizer    Spray jet    Reformation unit    Fan unit
NOVELTY - the system generates electrical current in a fuel cell arrangement (1) connected to a methanol replacement system (28). The residual gases from the fuel cell evaporate the reaction partners of the methanol replacement in a flameless catalytic combustion and deliver the reaction heat via a heat pipe (18) thermal transfer    USE - For generating current from oxygen or air    ADVANTAGE - new components are used which can be economically mass-produced    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - the drawing shows the fuel cell arrangement, heat pipe arrangement and methanol replacement system    fuel cell arrangement (1)    heat pipe arrangement (18)    methanol replacement system (28)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell device has at least two spiral wound fuel cells (1) connected together via a coupling element (2) inserted between them, contained within an outer cylindrical sleeve under pressure. Each fuel cell has two electrodes and an intermediate membrane and electrolyte layer, with a bipolar plate coupling element between the fuel cells and thin metal end plates (3) from which the current is obtained.    USE -   For cylindrical fuel cell battery for portable electrical device.    ADVANTAGE -   The fuel cell device has a compact size and relatively low weight.    DETAILS OF DRAWING - The figure shows a section through two spiral wound fuel cells.    Fuel cell (1)    Coupling element (2)    End plates (3)
NOVELTY - The membrane comprises a porous polymer substrate interpenetrated with an ion conducting material and is thermally stable up to 100 degrees C.    USE - The membrane is used in a fuel cell, e.g. a direct methanol fuel cell or a hydrogen / air fuel cell used to supply power to an electronic device, or in water electrolysis, chloralkali electrolysis, dialysis or electrodialysis, pervaporation, gas separation, recovering acids and bases from waste water or as an electrode separator in a battery.    ADVANTAGE - The membrane decreases the methanol crossover rate in a fuel cell and has a methanol permeation rate of less than 0.01 cc/sec in a direct methanol fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The system has an on-board compressor that is connected to terminals adjacent each wheel by flexible tubes (102,104,118,122,124,138), with each terminal able to connect to both an air powered rotating tool which is used to operate a scissor jack and to torque and detorque wheel nuts, and to a tubular element which can be used to convey pressurized air to a tire (112,132).    USE - For raising a vehicle and to change and inflate a tire.    ADVANTAGE - Simple to manufacture, install, maintain and utilize. Can perform the tasks of raising the vehicle, inflating the tire etc. in a few minutes    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system has an air driven rotating tool which is used to operate a scissor jack, with an onboard air compressor being connected to an air reservoir which is connected by flexible tubes to air terminals positioned next to each wheel. The rotating tool can be attached to any of the terminals and used both to raise the vehicle using the scissor jack and to torque and detorque wheel nuts, with a tubular element being connectable to any of the terminals which can be used to convey pressurized air to a tire on the wheel proximate the terminal.    The compressor is either powered mechanically by a pulley directly linking it with the vehicle engine or by an electric motor which is either an integrated part of the vehicles electrical system or portable and detachable from the vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A bottom view of the repair system showing the air distribution system.    Flexible distribution hoses (102,104,118,122,124,138)    Tires (112,132)
NOVELTY - The power system has a Stirling engine (12) driven by a pollution free heat source (32) which drives a generator (14) that powers an electric motor (26) which drives the vehicle. A control unit (20) selectively controls electrical flow between the generator and the motor, the generator and a battery supply (24) and the batteries and the motor, with the battery providing additional power to the engine as required.    USE - For use in hybrid electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - During periods of low activity excess electricity can recharge the batteries, which then provide additional power when required, e.g. when climbing a hill, leading to the vehicle having a large range with a relatively small battery size, allowing greater acceleration, easier braking with a shorter braking distance and a greater payload capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The power system has a Stirling engine with a displacer piston and a power piston that are coupled by a drive system that has a floating yoke element which is coupled to the displacer piston, with the yoke configured to dwell at both the top dead center and bottom dead center in a stroke of the displacer piston. A non-polluting heat source, preferably using the catalytic conversion of molecular hydrogen, communicates with the engine to power the engine, with an electrical generator mechanically coupled to the engine powering an electric motor that drives the vehicle.    A battery power supply is electrically coupled to the motor with a control assembly is coupled to the generator, the battery supply and the motor which the generator to the motor to drive the motor, the battery supply to the motor for providing additional power to drive the motor and the generator to the battery supply for recharging the batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic diagram of the power system of the hybrid vehicle.    Stirling engine (12)    Electric motor for driving vehicle (26)    Non-polluting heat source (32)
NOVELTY - An inverter (14) converts the current output by the auxiliary battery into an AC current that is used to actuate the AC drive unit mounted on the light motor truck. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A generator (12) having a large electricity-generating capacity is actuated by the engine of a light motor truck to charge a main battery (11) as well as an auxiliary battery (21).    USE -   For AC drive unit mounted on light motor truck used in transporting frozen cargoes.    ADVANTAGE -   Economical to use. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the AC drive unit mounted on light motor truck. (11) Main battery; (12) Generator; (14) Inverter; (21) Auxiliary battery.
NOVELTY - Detonation elements (12) are divided into an anticipated firing group and a back firing group. Two firing commands are emitted respectively to the switching elements (Qi) connected with the anticipated and the back firing groups. The firing command to the back-up group is emitted after an elapse of time from the issue of the firing command to the anticipated group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An impact sensor (13) is connected with an electric supply path extended from a battery power supply (4) to detect an impact and to close a contact. The detonation element (12) is respectively connected with parallel electric supply paths connected to the downstream side of the impact sensor. The detonation element is energized to carry out a detonation firing of a firing current. The switching transistor (Qi) is connected serially with every detonation element. The switching element closes a contact based on an external firing command. Two back-up capacitors (C1,C2) are respectively connected to the battery power supply (4) through a transistor (Qb).    USE -   For igniting detonation element for airbag apparatus in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents ignition failure of detonation element accompanied by a load dump surge. Prevents overcurrent flow to detonation element. Reduces capacity of back-up power supply thereby reduces cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts block diagram of a detonation element ignition equipment. (4) Battery power supply; (12) Detonation element; (13) Impact sensor; (Qi,Qb) Switching transistors; (C1,C2) Back-up capacitors.
NOVELTY - An indicator outputs a modification signal for modifying the electric supply controlled by a control circuit (12) when a detection temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold value. A setting unit (30) sets a different threshold value when the quantity of electric power supply exceeds a predetermined value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The amount of electric power supplied by an output circuit (14) for operating a load drive unit (18) provided in a vehicle is controlled by the control circuit.    USE -   For protection against overheating during electric power supply for operating load drive unit in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The destruction of an element due to abnormal overheating and overcurrent by short circuit can be prevented using a simple composition for changing the threshold value of temperature. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates a block diagram showing schematic composition of a vehicular circuit protection system. (12) Control circuit; (14) Output circuit; (18) Load drive unit; (30) Setting unit.
NOVELTY - A Peltier element (7) operates with electric power generated by a solar battery (6) depending on the temperature detection signal from temperature detector, when the vehicle engine stops.    USE -   For performing airconditioning of vehicle chamber by solar battery when engine stops.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature is controlled and is automatically adjusted due to usage of temperature detector. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the airconditioning system for motor vehicle. (6) Solar battery; (7) Peltier element.
NOVELTY - A heating unit is operated by power generated by a solar battery (6) during idle stage of vehicle.    USE -   For passenger car.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides automatic temperature adjustment and maintains temperature in the interior of vehicle such that it does not become very less. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows vehicle mounted heater. (6) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - The inverter has a mounting bracket (32) which allows it to be mounted in any desired orientation and the control panel (16) can also be mounted in the control port (14) as desired. The control panel has a main switch and metering to indicate voltage, current, and power. The AC power port (30) can hold different modules depending on country of use. A remote interface module (17) and extension cable allows the control panel to be installed in a location remote from the inverter.    USE - Provides AC power for mobile homes, vehicles, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Control panel can be mounted in different orientations    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - Isometric view of inverter and control panel.    Control port (14)    Control panel (16)    Remote interface module (17)    AC power port (30)    Mounting bracket (32)
NOVELTY - The charging device comprises a mobile unit or portable device (MU), and a charging unit (CU) that inductively transmits power by means of an alternating magnetic field from primary windings (W1,W2) to secondary windings (W3,W4) in the mobile unit. The alternating field is generated by an oscillator connected to switches (Q1,Q2) in each push-pull branch that contains resonance circuits connected to the primary windings so that each generate alternating fields in different spatial regions.    USE - For charging battery in portable equipment e.g. cordless phone. Also for use in a vehicle to charge telephones.    ADVANTAGE - Compact design with minimal energy losses and emits minimal interference    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for a mobile unit is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Circuit diagram of charging unit and portable equipment
NOVELTY - Controls and maintains charging, discharging and maintenance of rental batteries and keeps history of this. Includes batteries for rental and unmanned automatic apparatus where the batteries are located. Uses central control apparatus (3) to effect centralized control of the unmanned rental apparatus (1) over a communications line (2).    USE - For providing a battery rental system for maintaining a charging and discharging history of a battery for rental effectively and efficiently.    ADVANTAGE - Provides automatic unmanned automatic battery rental apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a simple schematic view of the battery rental system.    unmanned rental apparatus (1)    communications line (2)    central control apparatus (3)
NOVELTY - Electric vehicle has a driving motor (15) for driving the vehicle with electric power via a controller (11) and a battery unit (10) supplying power to driving motor. Uses a battery charger to charge the motor having monitored secondary batteries sending controller data signal to control unit to driving the motor.    USE - For providing an electric vehicle with monitored secondary batteries ensuring high reliability and economical properties    ADVANTAGE - Provides an electric vehicle enabling the installed battery to be replaced with many kinds of batteries, having high reliability and economical properties.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a configuration of the electric vehicle.    battery unit (10)    controller (11)    driving motor (15)
NOVELTY - The drive system (1) for a hybrid drive, esp. for a vehicle, with an electric machine (5), operable as a generator, at least indirectly coupled mechanically with an IC engine (6). The electric machine is designed as a permanent magnet excitable machine. An rpm/torque converting unit is provided between the IC engine and the electric machine, which effects a speed alteration of the driven rpm of the IC engine compared to the driving rpm of the generator. The rpm torque converter unit is a mechanical gear box (8).    USE - For commercial vehicles and buses.    ADVANTAGE - The hybrid drive works efficiently and produces economic advantages and the electric machine is designed small and compact operable as generator and has good efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 shows a block line layout.    Drive system (1)    IC engine (6)    Gearbox (8)    electric machine. (5)
NOVELTY - The voltage signal and current signal from a storage battery (2) connected to a load (1) are processed in A/D converters (5,6). Further a complex spectrum is produced by processing the voltage and current signals in frequency converters (FFT) (7,8). The impedance and current `I' during battery operation are calculated from the complex spectrum of voltage `V'. The radius `rj' which characterises the impedance is evaluated. The residual capacity is estimated by comparing the radius `rj' with a standard radius `ri'.    USE -   For use in electromobile, hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables accurate calculation of residual capacity when battery subjected to discharging and charging cycles in transit, under varying parameters such as reaction resistance and temperature. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic arrangement of battery connected to load. (2) Storage battery; (5,6) A/D converters; (7,8) Frequency converters.
An organic electrolyte which consists of gamma-butyrolactone as principal component, ethylene carbonate as additional constituent, is dissolved in lithium salt.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents sharp reduction in irreversible capacitance. Increases electric conductivity. Maintains good service condition of electric vehicle battery.
NOVELTY - A pump (P) is used to circulate an electrolyte between a positive pole tank (2) and a battery cell (1). Another pump (P) is used to circulate the electrolyte between a negative electrode tank (3) and the battery cell. The pumps are operated intermittently to perform the circulation of electrolyte between the cell and the tank. The charging and discharging of battery is stopped when the pumps are not operated.    USE -   For emergency purpose e.g. service interruption. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of redox flow battery. (1) Battery cell; (2) Positive pole tank; (3) Negative electrode tank.
NOVELTY - The electric load estimation device (110) estimates the load using electric load schedule model. Oxygen and reforming fuel are made to react in fuel battery main body (130) and electricity is generated in an electricity generator. The formation amount of reforming fuel of modifier (120) is adjusted using load estimation.    USE -   For fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures superior tracking of load fluctuation using electric load schedule model. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of fuel battery system. (110) Electric power load estimation device; (120) Modifier; (130) Fuel battery main body.
NOVELTY - A matrix (1) comprises a fuel pole (2), an air pole (3), porous charcoal base plate (4A,5) laminated through a separator (7) along with a cooling plate (6). Several such materials are laminated to form one or more cells. A multilayer body is formed by laminating a heating gas supply and ejection manifold (10,11) and an air supply and ejection manifold (12,13) by the side of single cells. The edge (4a) of base plate (4A) distributed towards fuel pole side, projects inside the ejection manifold.    USE -   For phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Condenses phosphoric acid, effectively. Stabilizes battery cycle for long period. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows three dimensional view of basic structure of phosphoric acid type fuel battery. (1) Matrix; (2) Fuel pole; (3) Air pole; (4A,5) Base plate; (4a) Edge; (6) Cooling plate; (7) Separator; (10) Gas supply manifold; (11) Gas ejection manifold; (12) Air supply manifold; (13) Air ejection manifold.
NOVELTY - Carbon cathode surface reformed by plasma surface treatment permits occlusion of the release of lithium ion. The anode containing lithium ion performs charging and discharging of polymer electrolyte.    USE -   For electric vehicles, camcorder, portable telephone, portable computer, audio apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers high discharge capacity and initial coulomb efficiency. Offers lithium secondary battery with improved cycle characteristics.
NOVELTY - The lithium secondary battery is identified by specifying the outer cladding, such as colour, protrusion pattern, bar code of the battery.    USE -   For electric vehicle, night electric power storage apparatus for domestic use, portable electric consumer devices.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents incorrect usage as the positive and negative poles are differentiatable, visually. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an identification pattern for identifying the solvent and electrolyte in the electrolyte material of a lithium secondary battery.
NOVELTY - A specific gravity sensor (3) is attached in a battery (2). A control apparatus (1) detects the abnormalities in the specific gravity of a battery liquid by signals from the sensor, and raises the idle rotation number of the engine to increase the charging current. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the battery abnormality detector of car.    USE -   For detecting abnormalities in batteries equipped in cars.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents discharge of battery and signals to the driver, thus reducing capacity of the battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents entire block diagram of battery abnormality detector. (1) Control apparatus; (2) Battery; (3) Sensor.
NOVELTY - The battery has a separator and a negative electrode strap (6). When a glass mat is used as an isolation object (5), the distance between the upper surface of the separator and the under surface of the electrode is 6 mm or more. When glass mat is not used as an isolation object, the distance between the upper surface of the separator and the lower surface of the electrode is 4 mm or more.    USE -   For motor and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents corrosive effect. Enhances safety of battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows cross sectional view of battery. (5) Isolation object; (6) Negative electrode strap.
NOVELTY - The battery has a gas chamber (21) to which gas containing active material is supplied. A number of separators (1) are laminated together in the gas chamber formed with a passage-like manifold (3) through which the gas passes. End plates with gas supply holes are formed at either sides of the laminated separators. The gas supply holes meet the passage-like manifold of the separators. A main passage (31) is formed along the laminated direction of the separators. A rib (34) formed in a circulation space (33) connects a chamber inlet (32) to the main passage along the direction in which the separators are laminated.    USE -   None given    ADVANTAGE -   Enables equal dispersion of gas. Prevents non- uniform electrical generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents plan view of separator. (3) Passage-like manifold; (21) Gas chamber; (31) Main passage; (32) Chamber inlet (33) Circulation space; (34) Rib.
NOVELTY - A pair of heat exchangers (13) are connected in series between modifier (2) and CO transformer (4). The steam produced using fuel battery waste heat is superheated in heat exchanger (3) using enthalpy of reforming gas. The fuel battery exhaust gas is heated by the reforming gas in the heat exchanger (13). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen rich reforming gas is produced by steam reforming a hydrocarbon based fuel in a modifier (2). Reaction between water vapor and reforming gas is carried out in a CO transformer (4) to release hydrogen and CO2. The heating gas rich in hydrogen is supplied from the CO transformer to fuel battery (1) through a pipeline. The waste heat in fuel battery is recovered by a steam separator (7) to produce saturated steam. The heat exchanger (3) installed in other pipeline connecting the modifier and CO transformer heats the steam produced by separator using high temperature reforming gas. The heat exchanger (13) interposed between the heat exchanger (3) and modifier employs reforming gas and fuel battery exhaust gas as high and low temperature fluids.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids malfunctioning or poisoning when vapor generation is inadequate as during low load and start-up. Ensures maintaining optimal value of CO transformer inlet temperature when heat exchange via one of the heat exchanger is low. Improves overall efficiency by optimum use of energy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts schematic arrangement of fuel battery based power generation system. (1) Fuel battery; (2) Modifier; (3,13) Heat exchangers; (4) CO transformer; (7) Steam separator.
NOVELTY - The fuel and oxygen are supplied to a fuel battery (51), thereby performing a chemical reaction. Gas ejected from the fuel battery is supplied to a combustor (52). Fluid containing oxygen, carbon and hydrogen atoms is also supplied to the combustor. The mixture supplied to the combustor is burnt. The fluid ejected from the combustor is then supplied to a CO2 separator (53) where carbon dioxide is separated from the fluid.    USE -   For thermal power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   The carbon dioxide is recovered efficiently without installing special separation apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the block diagram of electricity generator. (51) Fuel battery; (52) Combustor; (53) Carbon dioxide separator.
A desulfuriser (2) removes the sulfur content of an original hydrocarbon fuel. A modifier (6) reforms the desulfurized fuel to a reforming gas using abundant hydrogen. A CO transformer (7) reduces the carbon monoxide content of the reforming gas. A heat exchanger (1) reduces the temperature of the gas to a specified value. A recycle line (11) feeds a portion of the outlet gas to the front stage of the heat exchanger.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses generation of carbon precipitate. Recycles about 5% of battery outlet gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel battery. (1) Heat exchanger; (2) Desulfurizer; (6) Modifier; (7) CO transformer; (11) Recycle line.
NOVELTY - An air pole (1) and a fuel pole (3) are formed on either side of a cylindrical shaped solid electrolyte (2). An inter connector (4) is electrically connected to the air pole or fuel pole. A metal film (11) of 0.3-15 micrometer thickness is formed on the surface of inter connector.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The internal resistance of battery is reduced by reducing the contactness between fuel pole and inter connector. The electricity generation capability of battery is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the sectional drawing of the cylindrical solid electrolyte type fuel battery. (1) Air pole; (2) Solid electrolyte; (3) Fuel pole; (4) Inter connector; (11) Metal film.
NOVELTY - A catalyst dispersed material, a polyelectrolyte resin and dispersion medium are applied onto a base material. The hydrated polymer electrolyte film is contacted with the reaction part by heat crimping at &lt;100C.    USE -   Used in solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents reduction or peeling off of adhered reaction part. Offers polymer electrolyte film-gas diffusion electrode with improved electricity voltage characteristic.
NOVELTY - Heating gas (5) and oxidizing agent gas (6) are supplied to an internal reforming system fuel battery. The ratio of sum total of rates of flow of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the heating gas (5) supplied to a fuel battery (4) and the total rate of flow of carbon in the heating gas is set to be 15% or less.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents deterioration of battery characteristics caused by sulfur poisoning and carbon precipitate heat formation reaction is performed at low temperature. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the electrical power generator using fuel battery. (4) Fuel battery; (5) Heating gas; (6) Oxidizing agent gas.
NOVELTY - Unit cell (C) has a solid electrolyte layer (1) equipped with a fuel pole (3) and an oxygen pole which are identical. The fuel pole and the oxygen pole are arranged at top and bottom surfaces of the solid electrolyte layer respectively in the inner direction of pair of projections (1F,1S) respectively. The projection units are designed with reference to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the fuel pole and the oxygen pole.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Endurance of unit cell of fuel battery is improved as mechanical strength of solid electrolyte layer is strengthened. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts disassembled isometric view of principal part of fuel battery. (1) Solid electrolyte layer; (1F,1S) Projections; (3) Fuel pole; (C) Unit cell.
NOVELTY - A lead-calcium-tin system alloy rolled sheet is formed in a grating like positive pole. A thin layer of a lead- antimony group alloy with antimony content of 1.5-7 wt% is provided in the alloy rolled sheet. The distance from the portion near the plate surface of the thin layer to the active material surface is 0.05 mm or more.    USE -   For use in motor vehicle and other industrial application.    ADVANTAGE -   The self discharge characteristic is not impaired. Offers a good cycle life.
NOVELTY - The carbon material used for cathode (3) includes two types of graphite crystals with magnitude of about 200 A or more and 150 A or less along (112) plane in c axial direction. The carbon material includes 30-70 wt% of graphite crystals with magnitude of about 150 A or less. The organic solvent of non- aqueous electrolyte includes both ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC). The non-aqueous electrolyte includes 20-80 volume% of EC and PC whose volume ratio is in the range of 2:1-1:5.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves charging and discharging characteristics.
NOVELTY - Several electrode tabs (2) protruding from an electrode group (7) having several plates laminated with separators, are inserted into multiple rows of slits (3) cut from an aperture towards one end parallelly on a collector comb (1). An electric pole (4) is attached by electrically connecting the lower ends of protruding lines (8) with the collector comb.    USE -   For electrical vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents voltage drop, deformation of electrode tab by using collector comb with multiple parallel slits. Improves coupling strength by increasing contact area. Simplifies insertion of collector comb by providing taper at aperture. Reduces resistance by contacting both sides of electrode tab. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows enlarged perspective view of battery collector structure. (1) Collector comb; (2) Electric tabs; (3) Slits; (4) Electric pole; (7) Electrode group; (8) Protruding lines.
The switch arrangement includes a switching logic (7), a control input (1), and a FET power transistor (2) at an output, which over is controlled over the control input through an external control signal. A charge pump (4) is connected at the gate of the FET power transistor, for providing a voltage increase for a high-side operation of the smart power switch.    The charge pump is held active when the smart power switch is switched on, and is inactive, when the smart power switch is switched off. The control input is directly connected at the gate of the FET power transistor, without detour over the charge pump.    USE -   Especially in SIPMOS power semiconductor arrangement, for stepper motor, pulsed DC or AC motor, switched PSU, e.g. in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides increased switching speed at reduced power consumption.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has modularly constructed gas supply, comprising gas tight sleeve (20,21) and two structured inserts (22,23). The inserts contact surfaces of electrodes (6,7) facing away from an electrolyte (2).    USE - Especially for test series to optimize fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Allows easy match to different requirements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell has a pair of flat electrodes which are located opposite one another with the electrolyte between them. Each electrode has one main surface facing the electrolyte and one main surface facing away. A gas supply (10) surrounds the electrolyte-electrode pair arrangement in gas tight fashion and has flow channels (16) for supplying different gases to the surfaces of the electrodes facing away from the electrolyte. The gas supply is constructed in modular fashion, comprising the gas tight sleeve and the two structured inserts that are in contact mechanically with the surfaces of the electrodes facing away from the electrolyte.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell arrangement with several consecutively arranged fuel cells. Two consecutive sleeves are formed as a double sleeve.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an illustration of a sectional view of the fuel cell.    electrolyte (2)    electrodes (6,7)    gas supply (10)    gas inlet and outlet (17,18)    sleeve (20,21)    inlets (22,23)
NOVELTY - The voltage distribution system has a central supply line (5) laid in the body, and connectors (6-9) are provided for connecting a load user circuit with the supply line (5), across at least one connecting line (13-15). With the use of a clamping device the connectors are connected at the freely selectable point of the supply line (5). Each connector (6-9), has a self resetting electric fuse element (23) for the connected load circuit. The connector (6-9) is provided with a cutting-clamp device.    USE - For electric auxiliary circuits in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Connected can be fitted at any point of the potential supply line and is provided with individual automatic resetting fuse for particular load circuit. Provides high flexibility with integrated of different load user circuits in vehicle electric circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - motor vehicle (1)    vehicle battery (2)
NOVELTY - A plug (3) of a power supply (2) is inserted into the socket provided in the vehicle.    USE -   For energizing clock, radio in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Resetting of clock due to removal of battery is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit diagram of usage of backup power supply. (2) Power supply; (3) Plug.
NOVELTY - An overvoltage detector (100) detects whether a source voltage exceeds predetermined voltage based on which conduction status of output transistor (T5) is controlled. a retardation unit (300) outputs a detecting signal, to an output unit (200) when the over current detector outputs signal continuously for a predetermined time.    USE -   For protecting output transistor used for supply control of loads like vehicular lamp, from surge voltage.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents malfunctioning of output transistor when overvoltage is generated by noise. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit block diagram of overvoltage protective device. (100) Overvoltage detector; (200) Output unit; (300) Retardation unit; (T5) Output transistor.
NOVELTY - A speed detector (10) connected to a motor generators (2,6) of a wheel (4) and outputs a speed signal (12). Kinetic energy applied to the wheel is calculated from the speed signal. Another detector (11) detects angular frequency of a flywheel (8). The stored energy is calculated from the angular frequency detecting signal (16). The calculated kinetic energy and stored energy signals are fed to a controller (14), based on which the controller adjusts the energy of flywheel.    USE -   For electric vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The block diagram of the controller is explained in the figure. (4) Wheel; (8) Flywheel; (10) Speed detector; (11) Angular velocity detector; (12) Speed signal; (14) Controller; (16) Angular frequency detecting signal.
NOVELTY - A terminal main body (13) has annular ring like electrode joint (15) which has slit (15a) and is installed on battery post (11), externally. Taper screws (15b) are formed on the periphery and internal circumference of the electrode joint. A screw (14) serving as an auxiliary terminal has a protruding bolt (20) on its upper end. When the screw is fixed to the terminal main body simultaneously it is also fixed to electrode joint thus fixing terminal main body to battery post. A nut (33) is connected with wire jointing terminal via the bolt.    USE -   For battery used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces fastening time thus improving workability. Power supply line and battery is connectable using bolt thus improving power supply circuit linked to battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of battery terminal. (11) Battery post; (13) Terminal main body; (14) Screw; (15) Electrode joint; (15a) Slit; (15b) Taper screw; (20) Bolt; (33) Nut.
NOVELTY - A radiation fin (10) is provided in the external surface of the battery receptacle (7). A nozzle (11) for spraying coolant is provided on the radiation fin.    USE -   For storage battery e.g. lithium battery used in electric vehicles, deferment type power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   The abnormal generation of heat and temperature rise inside the battery is restrained efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the perspective view of the battery receptacle and lid. (7) Battery receptacle; (10) Radiation fin; (11) Nozzle.
NOVELTY - A combustor (5) and a reformer (3) for fuel battery (4), are provided in the same receptacle (12). The waste gas released from cathode is passed into the combustor and then to the modifier    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The differential voltage in receptacle and battery, is suppressed to a small value within a permissible value during plant emergency trip. Therefore, the electricity is generated economically. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the block diagram of fuel battery electricity generator. (3) Reformer; (4) Fuel battery; (5) Combustor; (12) Receptacle.
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte film (1) is laminated on either sides with air permeable catalyst layer (2) and conductive electrode layer (3). The electrolyte film assembly is accommodated in a gas manifold (6) formed in a conductive collector separator (5). Comb shaped flow path for gas supply (12) and flow path for gas ejection (13) are formed in the collector separator in mutually isolated state.    USE -   Used in portable power supply , for electric vehicles, domestic power supply system.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables high efficient operation at low pressure gas supply and small capacity. Avoids drying of electrolyte film. Improves endurance by suppressing carbon monoxide poisoning. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows plan and sectional view of comb shaped gas flow path. (1) Polymer electrolyte film; (2) Catalyst layer; (3) Electrode layer; (5) Collector separator; (12) Comb shaped flow path for gas supply; (13) Comb shaped gas supply for gas ejection.
NOVELTY - The poly electrolyte consists of a double layered negative electrode catalysed layer. A platinum layer is formed on inner side of polymer electrolyte film. Another layer (4) containing platinum and ruthenium, is formed on outer side of polymer electrolyte film.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The usage of futility catalyst which does not participate in the reaction is reduced. The utilisation of catalyst is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the cross section of negative electrode catalyst layer and solid poly electrolyte layer. (4) layer.
NOVELTY - A catalyst dispersed polyelectrolyte resin is heated to a temperature lower than the decomposition temperature of the polyelectrolyte resin. The viscosity of catalyst dispersed material is adjusted and it is molded to form the reaction film, attached to polymer electrolyte film (1) to form an unification which is then attached to a gas diffusion material (3).    USE -   For solid poly-electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers excellent supply of reacting gas. Has high amount of catalyst per unit volume and high catalytic activity. Offers high proton conductivity. Super electricity generating capability is offered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of gas diffusion electrode. (1) Polymer electrolyte film; (3) Gas diffusion material.
NOVELTY - The flow rate of water supply change cross valve is monitored and actual water supply time is measured. The amount of water converted to steam is calculated. Then anticipation water supply time is calculated. The actual and anticipated water supply time are compared and if the comparison value exceeds a predetermined value, an alarm signal is emitted, thus abnormality generation is recognised.    USE -   For cooling water system of fuel battery electric power generating system.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates to detect abnormality earlier and rectify it to prevent power generation operation stoppage of battery, thereby facilitates continuous power generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts schematic block diagram of cooling water system of fuel battery electric power generation device.
NOVELTY - Lead terminal (Ba) of an electrode (A) which is coated with active material, projects from the electrode surface. The part of the lead terminal which contacts the electrode is made curvilinear. The radius of curvature (r) of the curvilinear part of the lead terminal is 1-10 mm.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves output characteristics. Internal short circuit is eliminated. Offers reliable and highly efficient battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows electrode structure of non-aqueous electrolyte battery. (A) Electrode; (Ba) Lead terminal; (r) Curvature.
NOVELTY - A conical battery post (11) and a threaded stud (14) are installed externally on a battery (10). Holes formed in terminals (20,21) are assembled with projecting section of the stud and secured by a nut (22). The terminals are connected to wires leading to starter motor and AC dynamo.    USE -   In motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Power supply wire can be connected to battery post without disturbing battery terminal. Direct connection with battery post is enabled from two or more points. Aids in capacity addition of power supply circuit linked to battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows enlarged perspective view of battery terminal mounting arrangement. (10) Battery; (11) Battery post; (14) Threaded stud; (20,21) Terminals; (22) Nut.
NOVELTY - A pair of mutually connected anode terminal connections (10,14) are provided in one side of a battery jar lid (2a). Similarly, a pair of mutually connected cathode terminal connections (12,17) are provided in another side of the battery jar lid. The anode and cathode terminal connections in use are fitted with terminals (19,20). The other terminal connections are engaged by caps (21,22) in state of free exchange.    USE -   For use in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Has model that suits both left and right side mounting. Aids in reducing inventories in service station and spare parts store. Eases exchange work. Identical voltage is tapped for right and left mounting. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows partially broken perspective view of battery. (2a) Battery jar lid; (10,14) Anode terminal connections; (12,17) Cathode terminal connections; (19,20) Terminals; (21,22) Caps.
NOVELTY - The battery has a radiation fin (2) integrally molded with battery jar lid (1) made of metal insulated by synthetic resin.    USE -   For storage battery used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat dissipation apparatus such as fan becomes unnecessary and occupancy space of storage battery can be minimised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the perspective diagram of storage battery. (1) Battery jar lid; (2) Radiation fin.
NOVELTY - A battery jar (1) includes a recess of the exact size to fit the barrier plate. A continuous rib at the recess contacts the barrier plate with the end plates (7) and prevents crowding of plates.    USE -   For motor vehicles, portable devices, electric vehicles, motor sport vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers reliable connection between cells by using continuous rib. Improves industrial value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents the principal part of battery jar. (1) Battery jar; (7) End plates.
NOVELTY - High temperature water (78) from engine jacket is passed through a solution heating unit (70) by a high temperature water circulation unit (72) to transfer heat between water and the solution. The solution is circulated in an absorption apparatus (81). An auxiliary solution heating unit (99) is provided to transfer heat between engine exhaust gas and the solution circulated in the absorption apparatus. The exhaust gas is guided into the auxiliary solution heating unit by an exhaust and guide unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel supply to a burner (25) provided in a high temperature regenerator is controlled by a fuel controller (26). The amount of water passed through the solution heating unit is regulated by a high-temperature water circulation controller (77). The amount of exhaust gas passed through the auxiliary solution heating unit is adjusted by an exhaust gas flow-controller (100). The auxiliary solution heating unit is arranged to carry out heat exchange between solution passed through the high temperature regenerator and the high temperature water.    USE -   For performing power generation and air conditioning simultaneously. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates the components of power generation and air conditioning system. (25) Burner; (26) Fuel controller; (70) Solution heating unit; (72) Water cycle unit; (77) High temperature water cycle controller; (78) High temperature water; (99) Auxiliary solution heating unit; (100) Gas flow controller.
NOVELTY - the system contain a PEM fuel cell (BZ), a compressor (K) for compressing the process air fed into the fuel cell, an expander (E) coupled to the compressor for driving the compressor and a catalytic burner (KatBr) heat source. The cathode output gas of the fuel cell is fed to the catalytic burner as its air supply and the expander is operated with the output gas from the burner.    USE -   of operating a Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell system    ADVANTAGE -   a higher degree of efficiency is achieved DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - the drawing shows the PEM fuel cell, compressor, expander and catalytic burner(KatBr) (BZ) fuel cell; (K) compressor; (E)expander; (KatBr) catalytic burner.
NOVELTY - The solar power system has a solar generator (10) connected to the vehicle battery without an intermediate charge regulator. A load circuit (fan motor 20) is connected parallel to the solar generator. A control unit is provided which includes an energy management element (16), a fan regulator (18) and a converter (50). The control unit determines the condition of the vehicle battery, and is so designed, that it so controls the power take up of the fan motor (20), that only with the charging of the vehicle battery, excess power is consumed by the fan motor. generator connected with vehicle battery.    USE -   For charging vehicle battery and in certain cases supplying load circuit.    ADVANTAGE -   Working life of battery is not shortened by continually charging and discharging. Priority use is charging, but with excess charge load circuit e.g. fan circuit can be supplied with current. No charge regulator is connected between the solar generator and battery. Ensures that sufficient level of charge in battery is available for starting the vehicle engine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the solar power system circuit for the vehicle. (10) solar generator; (16, 18) control unit.
The battery is made up of series-connected modules. The method is performed by a programmed processor, and includes while the vehicle is in operation, sensing the voltages of each module under conditions approximating a selected load condition. A representation of the sensed module voltages is temporarily stored. Some of the voltages are sorted into an ordered ranking.    A high module is selected from the ranking which has a stored sensed voltage near the maximum of the ranking. A low module is selected from the ranking which has a stored sensed voltage near the minimum of the ranking. The high module is partially discharged, and the energy made available by the partial discharging is coupled to charge the low module.    ADVANTAGE -   Maximises battery capacity to accept regeneration charge current from dynamic braking.
A process for preparing a pitch foam with microcellular structure and uniform pore size comprises: (a) pressing pitch, (b) placing the pressed article in a pressure vessel, (c) introducing an inert gas under a pressure of 200-500 psi, (d) heating the pressed article to 10-40C. above the melting temperature of the pitch, (e) introducing additional inert gas, under pressure, to obtain a final pressure of 1,000-1,500 psi, (f) holding for 10-40 minutes, (g) venting the vessel to atmospheric pressure to provide a porous foam, (h) stabilising the foam at an elevated temperature in an oxygen-containing environment, and (i) cooling to ambient temperature at a cooling rate of about 0.1-5C per minute.    USE -   Pitch foams are used as coatings, soil aerators, humidity regulators and insulators in the building industry. Carbon and graphite foams are used in structural and non-structural applications including core material to replace aluminium in honeycomb panels, composite mandrels or tooling, sound insulation around engine casings, support structures for satellite antennae and core materials for safety fuel cells, liquid fuel tanks and heat exchangers.
NOVELTY - A raw material vapour feed pipe (38) is arranged inside a hanger tube (23) accommodated in a reaction chamber (21). The feed pipe is provided with several holes with their sizes and distribution adjusted to ensure uniform vapour concentration through out the hanger tube.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hanger tube is accommodated in a reaction chamber (21) heated by a heater (22). Oxidation gas supply tubes (24) is provided for supply of oxidation gas to the reaction chamber. The electrolyte raw material powder is vapourized in a vaporising chamber (37). The raw material powder mixed with a liquid diluent is stored in a mixed liquid pool, for supplying to the vaporising chamber.    USE -   For depositing solid electrolytic layer on inner surface of air pole hanger tube of fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures uniform deposition of raw material made easy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of the electrochemical deposition apparatus. (21) Reaction chamber ; (23) Air pole hanger tube ; (24) Supply tubes ; (37) Vaporisation chamber ; (38) Vapour feed pipe.
Hydrogen (7), oxygen (6) or deuterium with small amount of tritium are supplied to hydrogen-oxygen fuel battery (9). Light water (12) with very few rate of heavy water content is synthesized.    USE -   For analysis of low concentration tritium.    ADVANTAGE -   A safe method for synthesis of light water is offered.
NOVELTY - A catalyst receptacle has an inner and outer cylinder (3,5) in a coaxial position with a catalyst layer (1) inbetween. A heater is provided in the inner portion to heat the catalyst layer. Fuel like hydrocarbon is guided into the receptacle, so that a reforming gas with high hydrogen concentration is obtained by steam refining. Several heat transfer fins (2A) are provided on the inner cylinder in an axial direction to the wall surface. The ratio of the length and height of the fins is 6 or less.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Thermal stressing of the fins is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the catalyst receptacle of the modifier. (1) Catalyst layer, (2A) Heat transfer fin, (3,5) Inner and outer cylinder.
NOVELTY - A main battery (38) is connected to a power generator driven by an engine. Power is supplied to the load and starter of vehicle. Power supply circuits (1,2) are connected to a relay (21). A diode (41) is connected to the battery relay (39) and the diode (42) is connected to voltage reduction reset load. A first normally opened contact is connected between cathodes of diodes (41,42). A second normally open contact is connected between battery relay (34) and starter safety relay (15). The power circuit connection relay (21) is energized during starting of vehicle, based on command from the controller.    USE -   For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Stops engine automatically depending on traffic signal thereby improving durability of subbattery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows power supply module for vehicle. (1,2) Power supply circuit; (15) Starter safety relay; (21) Power connection circuit relay; (34,39) Battery relay; (41,42) Diode.
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a controller (46) which controls an electromagnetically operated variable orifice (36) to control the pressure in a chamber (34) that determines the position of a timing piston (28) coupled to the cam ring (24) of the fuel pump (10,20,22,24), with the controller powered by electricity generated by a generator (38,40) within the housing of the fuel pump.    USE - For controlling a fuel pump in an internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE - The control arrangement does not require an external power supply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The arrangement includes having an electrical generator located within the housing of the fuel pump which is driven by a rotary distribution element (10) in the fuel pump. The electrical power supply from the generator is used to drive a controller which controls the operation of an electromagnetically operated variable orifice, which in turn controls the pressure in a chamber to determine the position of a timing piston coupled to the cam ring of the fuel pump.    A sensor (48) generates a signal which is indicative of the angular position of the plungers (20) relative to the cam ring (24), and the controller uses the signal to control the operation of the variable orifice, and hence the angular position of the cam ring.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A diagrammatic illustration of the fuel pump control arrangement    Fuel pump (10,20,22,24)    Timing piston (28)    Electromagnetically operated variable orifice (36)    Generator (38,40)    Controller (46)    Sensor (48)
NOVELTY - The electrode mesh (1) comprises a rectangular mesh frame, on it arranged auxiliary rails (5), as well as a band of mesh bridges (4) which form a scaffold for the recording of the active mass. The auxiliary rails extend to both sides of the electrode mesh solely in one direction.    USE - Especially for car battery.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces weight of arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - electrode mesh (1)    mesh bridges (4)    auxiliary rails (5)
The circuit system includes an overload-over voltage protection circuit, an EMB filter circuit, a resonant circuit, a voltage stabilising circuit, an AC-DC rectifier circuit, a vehicle DC input charge protection circuit, an AC filter circuit, a detection circuit and an automatic current interruption system. The supply voltage is in the range between 110 and 240 V AC. The AC current is processed by the EMB filter. The voltage stabilising circuit is formed by a transistor. In or output signals are established on the basis of the wave curve of the resonant circuit. Reverse voltage protection is provided. The detection circuit establishes whether or not the battery is completely charged and the charge is controlled accordingly, with LEDs indicating the charge condition.    USE -   For different voltages. It is able to match vehicle electric supply systems also city supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Very compact and easy to carry. Charger can adjust automatically to match different voltages. It can be used with nickel hydrogen and lithium ion batteries, so that there is no necessity to discharge. Practical, manifold working operations and is easy and reliable to operate. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view which is used in conjunction with battery. (1) Housing, (2) Charger swivel plug, (4) Battery.
The diagnostic probe has a probe body (1), at which is provided a lens (2) with at least one float ball (3), a thread (4) and a screw-in head (5). A seal, preferably an O ring seal is provided at the screw-in head. At least one claw shaped recess (10,11) is provided at the screw-in head (5).    The battery cover has a number of threaded bores (28), in which a stopper plug can be screwed or the thread (4) of a diagnostic probe. The probe can be fitted at a particular cell for determining its condition, as required.    ADVANTAGE -   Flexibly inserted diagnostic probe for multi-cell battery with suitable cover, so that diagnostic probe can be moved in different positions.
The Power-Heat coupling system has fuel cells with a heat exchanger (15) and a heat source formed by a fuel cell (3). The fuel stack (3) has a preconnected reformer (2) for splitting earth gas, which is suppliable with gas. The fuel cell stack is provided with an air inlet (5). The heat exchanger (15) is acted on with the waste heat of an auxiliary burner (8). The reformer (2), the fuel cell stack (3) and the auxiliary burner also the heat exchanger are arranged in a combustion chamber (30), which is provided with an exhaust gas flue. So that an auxiliary burner (8) is arranged between the fuel cell stack (3) and the heat exchanger, which lies in the exhaust gas flow of the fuel cell stack.    USE -   System converts combustion gas using integrated circuit rather than separate components connected by multiple pipes.    ADVANTAGE -   Simple construction reduces heat losses caused by pipe runs. So that with conversion of combustion with air resulting heat also in fuel cells and also in auxiliary burner from heat exchanger can be used. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of Power-Heat coupling system. (3) Fuel stack, (15) Heat exchanger.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a layer which acts an electric heating device for rapid heating of the fuel cell, for bringing it to its operating temperature. The heating layer may be provided by an internal blocking layer, e.g. an intermediate layer in the multi-layer electrolyte, which blocks all materials except the protons. POLYMERS - The fuel cell electrolyte may employ a polymer membrane, e.g. of Nafion .    USE -   For fuel cell with operating temperature above 130 degrees C.    ADVANTAGE -   The fuel cell is rapidly brought to its operating temperature for efficient power generation.
NOVELTY - The output of the fuel cell (4) is electronically switched to one of the batteries at a time.    USE -   For supplying electric motors    ADVANTAGE -   protects fuel cell against effects of current peaks. Use of batteries as buffers removes need for heavy and expensive smoothing chokes DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a simplified circuit diagram of the supply. (1) rechargeable battery units; (2) load circuit; (3) circuit load; (4) fuel cell; (7) protective diode; (8) electronic double pole switch.
Carbon monoxide is removed from a hydrogen-rich gas by passing the gas through a scavenger material selected from: mixed oxides of manganese and copper optionally combined with mixed oxides of silver, nickel, iron, chromium and tin; SnO2-CuO mixed oxide gels; and mixtures of these. The carbon monoxide is selectively oxidised.    Also claimed is a fuel cell system.    USE -   In a fuel cell system (claimed) in which the carbon monoxide-free hydrogen-rich stream is supplied as fuel to the anode compartment.    ADVANTAGE -   Carbon monoxide concentration in the stream can be reduced to below 5 ppm so that fuel cell performance is not degraded.
NOVELTY - Composite is a single unitary resin impregnated flexible graphite sheet having opposite planar outer surfaces with an embedded dispersion of needle-shaped ceramic fiber particles. These are non-reactive with flexible graphite and stable up to 2000 deg.F. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The ceramic fiber particles extend into the graphite sheet from the outer surfaces to provide channels for resin. One of the outer surfaces has a continuous fluid flow channel to receive or exhaust a fluid fuel or oxidant. TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Composite has intercalated natural graphite flakes mixed and blended with 1.5-30 per cent by wt. needle-shaped ceramic fiber particles 0.15-1.5mm long and 0.04-0.004mm wide of e.g. macerated quartz glass, zirconia, boron nitride, calcium metasilicate, aluminium oxide etc.    USE -   Composite is made up of flexible graphite and needle-shaped ceramic particles for making gaskets and flow field plates for use in fuel cells. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - (1200) fluid flow channel; (601,603) electrode-membrane interfaces; (600) platinum catalyst; (1100) flow field plates; (1400) grooves .
A separator for fuel cells comprises a moulded article of an electrically conductive carbon powder and a high molecular compound. The conductive carbon has an aspect ratio of 4-60, particularly 10-30.    Preferably the high molecular compound is 1 or a mixture of 2 or more selected from thermosetting resins, thermoplastic resins and rubbers. The moulded article is made from 100 pts.wt. an electrically conductive carbon powder and 10-60 pts.wt. the polymer. Such separator forms an oxidant gas or fuel gas supply duct on 1 or both of its surfaces.    USE -   The separators are used in fuel cells e.g. as power generating devices in offices and workshops.    ADVANTAGE -   The separators have high electrical conductivity, gas-barrier properties with little gas leakage, strength, efficiency in electricity generation and improved safety and are simply produced. They are free of problems inherent in the prior-art products such as giving off noise during power generation.
NOVELTY - Cell comprises a housing containing an anode with 50-85 wt per cent active material and a cathode comprising MnO2, bismuth and an electrolyte, plus a separator to prevent the bismuth moving from the cathode to the anode. TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - The anode active material is Zn and the cathode is 50-80 wt. per cent MnO2 and 5-15 wt. per cent bismuth oxide based on the wt. per cent of the MnO2. The bismuth is in the form Bi(OH)-4, Bi2O3, B metal, Bi+, Bi2+ or Bi3+ and the electrolyte is 2-9 molar KOH. The cathode has 2-5 wt. per cent binder and the separator comprises a polymeric coating on a substrate of e.g. cellophane, nylon or polypropylene.    USE -   Battery cell is a rechargeable alkaline MnO2-Zn cell with improved cycle life for electric vehicles, satellites and solar energy system backups.    ADVANTAGE -   Cell has improved cycle life and can be cycled to a cut off discharge voltage less than 0.8V, with a discharge curve centred at 1.0-1.1V. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - (2) e; (4) e; (8) interface; (10); (14,16); (20A, 20B) s.
NOVELTY - An AC generator (2) is coupled to an engine (1), whose AC output voltage is adjusted arbitrarily by a voltage regulator (4). A converter (6) converts the AC output voltage of voltage regulator to a DC voltage. An invertor (7) provided with a frequency regulator (8) adjusts the DC voltage of the converter to 50 or 60 Hz.    USE -   For factory, building, hospital.    ADVANTAGE -   Compact and economical power supply circuit is offered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit block diagram of power supply. (1) Engine; (2) AC generator; (4) Voltage regulator; (6) Converter; (7) Invertor; (8) Frequency regulator.
NOVELTY - Anode is formed by laminating positive electroactive material (3) onto a collector object (1). Cathode is formed by laminating negative electroactive material (4) onto a collector object (2). A solid electrolyte layer is laminated between the electroactive material layers. Anode terminal (1a) is cut at the periphery to expose the collector (1) and the cathode terminal (2a) is cut similarly. The periphery of electroactive layer and solid electrolyte layer is resin sealed.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates to accommodate battery in electrical equipment since anode and cathode terminals are exposed to respective collector object. Reduces dead space. Reduces any deterioration in battery properties. Improves life span of battery since battery property is not degraded even if pin hole is present in battery jar. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows single solid electrolyte cell. (1,2) Collector object; (1a) Anode terminal; (2a) Cathode terminal; (3) Positive electroactive material; (4) Negative electroactive material.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery stack (9) is arranged between pair of support plates. A pressure spring and a pressure bellows (13) are provided between the support plate and fuel battery on one side. A pressure detector installed at one edge of the pressure spring detects the press power of bellows. The internal pressure of bellows are controlled by control valves (22,23) based on the detected press power.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The pressure power of whole fuel battery system is maintained with high precision. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the block diagram of fuel battery pressure control apparatus. (9) Fuel battery stack; (13) Pressure bellows; (22,23) Control valves.
NOVELTY - Several fuel batteries are coupled serially and parallelly using fuel pipings (3) and pneumatic pipings (2). Air and hot gas are supplied to the pack. The pipings are further connected electrically in parallel and in series.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Compact device is offered with improved battery life characteristics. Reduction of cell characteristics, wiring loss etc are prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure (1) is the schematic block diagram of fuel battery pack. (2) Pneumatic piping; (3) Fuel piping.
NOVELTY - The battery contains a number of cells (C') assembled into stacks (CM) by the cell holders (F) such that each stack is juxtaposed but mutually separated by a predefined gap. Each cell C' has an oxygen pole (2) and fuel pole (3), which are supplied with respective gases, via oxygen gas passages (s) and fuel gas passages (f). Electric power is supplied to both ends of the cells via a terminal (L).    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves productivity of fuel battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure represents components of fuel battery. (2) Oxygen pole; (3) Fuel pole; (s) Oxygen gas passage; (f) Fuel gas passage; (C') Cell; (CM) Stack; (F) Cell holder; (L) Terminal.
NOVELTY - A storage unit stores remaining hydrogen supplied neither to fuel battery nor to modifier burner for combustion, and supplies it to external side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel modifier (11) reforms the original fuel and forms hydrogen gas which is supplied to fuel pole (15) of the fuel battery. Any unreacted hydrogen and waste gases from the fuel pole is supplied by pipeline (114) to the burner inlet of the modifier. The heat generated by the reactions in the fuel battery is circulated to the heat exchanger (20) for high temperature heat recovery to convert water to steam in the steam separator (23). The pipeline (113) conveys the steam to the modifier for mixing with the original fuel for hydrogen generation.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates effective usage of fuel through storage unit. Enhances life span of modifier by preventing thermo cycle and keeping modifier temperature constant. Generate additional heat when heat demand is greater than thermal output of fuel battery by producing hydrogen from steam. Facilitates changing of thermal output without changing electrical output. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic composition of fuel battery. (11) Fuel modifier; (15) Fuel pole; (20) Heat exchanger; (23) Steam separator; (113,114) Pipelines.
NOVELTY - Several fuel battery stacks (1-a,1-c) are electrically connected in series or parallel corresponding to the series or parallel connection of fuel and pneumatic pipes (3,2) of the fuel battery stacks. The cross-sectional area of the gas passage way of the upper fuel battery stack is made larger than that of the gas passage way of the lower fuel battery stack.    USE -   For power supply distribution.    ADVANTAGE -   Couples fuel battery stacks without causing excessive pressure loss and increase in current capacity. Achieves size reduction without reducing electricity generation efficiency. Achieves cost reduction by eliminating need for using high pressure resistant fuel pipe. Suppresses wiring loss and increase in inverter capacitance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the schematic block diagram of the fuel battery module. (1-a,1-c) Fuel battery stacks; (2) Pneumatic pipe; (3) Fuel pipe.
A macromolecular electrolyte is a crosslinking polymer obtd. by crosslinking a crosslinking polymer having a structure of formula -(X-N(Y))n- (I) and contains a 10-100 wt.%-crosslinking polymer having 10 wt.% or more of a water-insoluble portion at room temp. X = a divalent gp. of -CO-CFZ-SO2-, or -SO2-CFZ-CO; Z = a fluorine atom, or CF3; Y = an atom selected from a hydrogen atom and divalent of more of a metal atom; 50-98% of Y = a hydrogen atom; 2-50% of Y = divalent or more of a metal; n = 2 or more.    USE -   The new macromolecular electrolyte is used in a proton conduction type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The macromolecular electrolyte has high proton conductivity. The resulting fuel cell has low decrease in voltage caused by over-voltage, and has superior performance to that afforded by conventional materials, and has synthesis easier than that of the conventional materials.
NOVELTY - A separator (30) has a baffle plate (3) arranged to outer side of an electrolyte board (9) of an unit cell (20). The baffle plates are attached with frames (1,2) which have a pair of buffer devices (51,52) expandable towards the baffle plates.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Cracking of electrolyte board is prevented and gas seal is performed, satisfactorily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram gives sectional view of unit cell comprising separator. (1,2) Frames; (3) Baffle plate; (9) Electrolyte board; (20) Unit cell; (30) Separator; (51,52) Buffer devices.
NOVELTY - A water storage tank (2) accumulates water (4,4a,5) discharged from a fuel battery (1) of diaphragm system. An isolator (7) separates hydrogen (5a) and oxygen (6a) from the accumulated water which are then supplied back to the fuel battery.    USE -   For electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat generated in fuel battery system is utilised for hot water supply installation. Toxic substances are not emitted. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates block diagram of fuel battery. (1) Fuel battery; (2) Water storage tank; (4,4a,5) Water; (5a) Hydrogen; (6a) Oxygen; (7) Isolator.
NOVELTY - The battery has a positive electrode with a catalyst to carry out selective electrochemical reduction of oxygen. The negative electrode has a catalyst for electrochemical oxidation of methanol.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduction of output due to crossover of methanol to positive electrode is eliminated. Offers stabilized output for long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph representing the time dependent characteristic view of fuel battery.
NOVELTY - The battery has a anode with a catalyst to selectively carry out electrochemical reduction of oxygen. The cathode has a catalyst to carry out electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Safety is maintained even when pin hole is formed in ion exchange membrane. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows time dependent characteristic view of the type fuel battery.
NOVELTY - A switch case (21) has an anode terminal (6) and a cathode terminal (7) which are short circuited. When the internal battery temperature exceeds 80 C and internal pressure exceeds 3Nm. A safety valve is provided outside the case which releases the internal battery pressure in the range of 10-20Nm.    USE -   For electric vehicle, electrically driven cart, portable electric devices e.g. video camera, PC, backup apparatus, security apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   The abnormal temperature rise in the battery is restrained and safety is improved. Overcharge, reverse charge, internal short circuit pressure build-up, inflammation and firing are prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the sectional drawing of the battery. (6) Anode terminal; (7) Cathode terminal; (21) Switch case.
NOVELTY - A magnetic friction power stepless transmission enables driving of a vehicle using the rotation power of an electric motor that is operated by an inverter through the charged voltage of a battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A magnetic friction power stepless transmission performs the allocation relay of the rotation power of the heat engine of a vehicle. The vehicle is driven by one side of the rotation power of the magnetic friction power stepless transmission. Predetermined electric power is supplied by a battery, that is charged when a generator is driven, to an electric motor. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an engine drive method.    USE -   For e.g. propulsion machine of ship, heat engine of motor vehicle or industrial vehicle e.g. cultivator.    ADVANTAGE -   Attains weight reduction of magnetic friction power stepless transmission of drive unit. Reduces loss factor of drive unit since friction heat loss is reduced by rolling contact using strong suction force of magnet, DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of a magnetic friction power stepless transmission.
NOVELTY - Catalyst support fine particles are added to a highly distributed aqueous solution of a surface active agent and a dispersion is formed with stirring or ultrasonic irradiation. A metal compound catalyst and reducer are then added with continued stirring or ultrasonic irradiation. The reduced metal compound catalyst is deposited on the catalyst support particles. A polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion is added and the reaction layer is constituted.    USE -   As oxygen cathode for brine electrolysis, electrode for Glauber's salt electrolysis, fuel battery etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The catalyst is obtained by a continuous process in the liquid state. Carrier plate removal from the liquid is unnecessary. Oxidation and combustion hazards of the catalyst and carrier particles are prevented. Reduction of catalyst activity by catalyst stabilisation is prevented. Inexpensive gas diffusion electrodes of high catalytic activity can be produced.
NOVELTY - A battery terminal (10) is provided with a circular supporting member (11) fitting onto an electrode (P) of a battery and formed of thin electrically conductive material having two planar foot members (14,15) with strengthening members (22). One foot member (14) has a crimping barrel (17) for the end of an electric wire (16). A bolt (18) in bolt holes (20) of the foot members is used to clamp the members together and cut-away grooves (12) allow reduction of diameter of the supporting member without change of shape.    USE -   Connection of electric wires to electrodes of vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Bending of foot members is possible without their cracking. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram view of battery terminal according to first embodiment of present invention. (P) Battery electrode (10) Battery terminal; (11) Circular supporting member; (12) Cut-away grooves; (14,15) Planar foot members; (16) Electric wire; (17) Crimping barrel; (18) Bolt; (20) Bolt hole; (22) Strengthening members.
The composite glass solder (8) contains 70-95 wt.% of a glass component (10) and 5-30 wt.% of a metal oxide-containing further component, preferably magnesium oxide (MgO) in the form of grains of up to 10 m, preferably less than 5 m size and is used to join metallic and/or ceramic structural elements (2, 4). The glass component (10) contains (wt.%): 35-60 silica (SiO2); 8-15 alumina (Al2O3); 15-30 barium oxide (BaO); 10-20 boron oxide (B2O3); and up to 15 MgO.    Also claimed is a high temperature fuel cell in which the above glass solder is used.    USE -   Used for joining two metal or ceramic elements together or for joining a metal element to a ceramic element (claimed), especially in a high temperature fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The glass solder produces thin joints of 200 m, especially about 50 m thickness and contains only about half the usual quantity of further component, this further component having a much smaller size than in prior art, i.e. less than 10 m compared with about 100 m, so that the glass solder has a sufficiently low viscosity for compensation of length and volume changes of the joined elements during high temperature operation. Additionally, the glass solder exhibits sufficient crystal formation to ensure a satisfactory linear thermal expansion coefficient, has high temperature resistance, gas impermeability and corrosion resistance and is electrically insulating even at high temperature.
Production of an insulating ceramic component (8) for a high temperature fuel cell is carried out by (a) casting a dispersion of the ceramic material and a water soluble binder to form a preferably 500-800 thick water-containing layer (20); (b) converting the layer (20), preferably at 80-140C for 2-10 hrs., to form a rubber-like layer (26); (c) burning out the binder from the layer (26), preferably at 200-600C for 1-4 hrs.; (d) consolidating the layer (26), preferably at 1400-1600C for 60 hrs.; and (e) subjecting the consolidated layer (30) to machining to the component dimensions and dense sintering, preferably at 1500-1800C for 60 hrs. Also claimed is a high temperature fuel cell with an insulating component made by the above process.    USE -   Especially for producing an insulating magnesium aluminate spinel frame for positioning between the adjacent interconnector plates of a high temperature fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE -   The process is simpler and less expensive than prior art processes involving direct deposition on an interconnector plate or machining of a pressed and sintered plate.
The battery has a prismatic container (1) with connecting terminals protruding through its lid. It is sub-divided internally into cylindrical cells housing positive and negative electrodes segregated by intermediate separators wound in a spiral. The battery has vertical through conduits (15-16) for air circulation and threaded rods (17) anchoring the battery to a mounting tray or soleplate. The cells cylindrical walls comprise a planar upper segment common to adjacent cells with an access opening for electrical connection between different polarity leads of adjacent cells.    The battery has three connector terminals for each polarity connected by a metal bar in the lid and each cell has a central core of perforated tubular configuration whose diameter defines the positive and negative electrode capacity. The battery has folding handles in the lid.    ADVANTAGE -   Battery avoids high temperatures in its storage compartment and terminal position problems.
Membrane electrode assembly (100) has an ion exchange membrane (130) between a pair of porous electrode layers (140), a quantity of electrocatalyst disposed at the interface between the ion exchange membrane and the electrode layers to define an electrochemically active area, and a resilient fluid impermeable seal (110) integral with the electrode assembly formed by sealant material impregnated into the sealing regions of the porous electrode layers.    Also claimed: (1) are the making of the electrode assemblies by moulding curable sealant material on the edge portions of the assembly in a mould; and (2) the method in which curable sealant is injected into sealing regions of a membrane assembly which are subsequently cut through.    USE -   Used in electrochemical fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows the membrane electrode assembly to be produced in roll form and subsequently cut and sealed, or sealed and cut, into individual assemblies with integral resilient seals, reducing the number of separate components.
Polybenzimidazole (PBI) pastes or gels are prepared by mixing and dissolving a polymeric PBI powder in an acid solution.    Also claimed are: (i) a PBI paste or gel having a phosphoic acid solution content of 70-99 wt. % and about 0.01-30 wt. % PBI; (ii) the PBI paste or gel; (iii) a fuel cell, optionally comprising a fabric coated with the paste or gel; (iv) a polymeric fabric or film coated with the paste or gel; and (v) a method for preparing an electrode for use in fuel cells comprising coating the electrode with the paste or gel.    USE -   The PBI paste/gel useful as electrolyte in fuel cells, especially chlorine-resistant cells, or in the preparation of adhesives.    ADVANTAGE -   Has improved electrochemical properties compared to prior art electrolytes.
The production of an imbibed polybenzimidazole (PBI) fabric comprises: (i) providing a fabric comprising PBI fillers with voids between the fibres; and (ii) soaking the fabric in an acid solution comprising an acid and a solvent, for a time sufficient for the fabric to imbibe the acid solution, thereby swelling the fibres and closing the voids between the fibres.    Also claimed is a PBI fabric comprising an acid content of 40-95 wt.% Also claimed is a fuel cell comprising a PBI fabric comprising an acid content of 40-95 wt.%.    USE -   Used as fuel cell or battery electrodes.    ADVANTAGE -   The invention retains acid and thus electrolytic capacity for a longer time.
A fuel cell power plant (I) comprises:    (a) a fuel cell including anode and cathode sections;    (b) an electrochemical auto-thermal reformer including a reforming region, a mixed ion conductor membrane or metal or alloy membrane and an anode supply region separated from the reformer region by the membrane; and    (c) an anode gas loop for circulating a mixture including hydrogen and a carrier gas between the anode section and the anode supply region.    Also claimed is a plant as (I) and further including:    (a) means for exhausting and burning excess hydrogen from the reformer region;    (b) means for feeding hydrogen fuel to the reformer region; and    (c) means for controlling the fuel feed responsive to the burning means.    USE -   Used within a power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   The invention provides pure hydrogen from a hydrocarbon fuel to a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The funnel wind turbine (1) is vertically mounted in the roof of a building wherein the actual roof can be constituted by the lower surface of the funnel of the turbine. The roof structure of the building is replaced by the vertical dividers (4) of the funnel which act as roof trusses, and the roof panels are angled to create a conical shape with flat surfaces.    USE -   Provides auxiliary power for buildings and vehicles, also useful as air pump DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows plan view of building roof. (1) wind turbine; (4) vertical dividers.
NOVELTY - The conductive lower body (88) with arcuate contact surface (97) is pressed towards upper body by a coiled spring (98), when post is disposed inbetween them. The threaded hole and a cable insertion hole are formed in intersecting state in the lower body. A screw (112) is fixed in the threaded hole and connected to end portion of the battery cable (108). The upper and lower body are enclosed by an insulated housing. The frame (80) of the housing are connected by inserting the protrusions (118,126,120,124) in respective sockets (132,133,134,135). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery terminal post connecting method.    USE -   For vehicle, engine, electrical equipment, starter, electric door lock, cigar lighter, stereo equipment, power window.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables quick attachment or detachment of battery terminal post connector. Protects both battery terminal post and connector by providing them inside housing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show plan and exploded view of battery post connector, respectively. (82) Upper body; (88) Lower body; (97) Arcuate contact surface; (98) Coil spring; (80) Frame; (104) Threaded hole; (112) Screw; (118,120,124,126) Protrusions; (132,133,134,135) Sockets.
Production of H2 containing concentrations of CO and CO2 below a given level involves reacting steam with alcohol and/or hydrocarbon vapour at 200-600C and at least two atmospheres pressure. The reaction is performed near a H2-permeable and H2-selective membrane so that the H2 and the CO and CO2 above the given concentration level permeate the membrane. The permeate is contacted with a methanation catalyst at 200-600C so that the CO and CO2 are converted to CH4. A stream of H2 containing a reduced level of CO and CO2 is withdrawn from the catalyst bed.    Also claimed is a steam reformer comprising a tubular H2-permeable and H2-selective membrane (54); a first bed (62) containing a reforming catalyst and surrounding (part of) the membrane; an inlet (30) for H2O, alcohol and hydrocarbon vapours; an outlet (38) for releasing reforming byproduct gases; an element for heating the first bed to 200-600C; a second bed (56) on the permeate side of the membrane containing a methanation catalyst; and an outlet (14) for withdrawing H2.    USE -   The purified hydrogen@ is used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE -   No separate hydrogen purification apparatus is required.
NOVELTY - The device includes a voltage detector, a temperature detector (6), controller (5) and a timer. An output limitation controller limits the output of the battery (1) based on the voltage and temperature detected.    USE -   For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The device prevents over discharge of a battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a circuit diagram showing the power supply circuit for electric vehicle. (1) Battery; (5) Controller; (6) Temperature sensor.
NOVELTY - A snubber circuit (7), an IGBT (2), a phase capacitor (6) and a controller (9) are installed on one side of a partition clamping plate (11) to which clean air is supplied. The snubber circuit protects the IGBT which is controlled by the controller. The wiring between the IGBT and the phase capacitor, and between IGBT and the snubber circuit are made shorter by connecting them with plate-shaped conductors (12,13), respectively. The wiring between the IGBT and the controller is also made shorter.    USE -   For car.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrostatic capacitance of the capacitor and inductance are reduced thereby preventing incorrect ignition and hence improves reliability. The cooling efficiency is improved by clean cooling wind. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the front elevation of vehicular semiconductor electric power transformer. (2) IGBT; (6) Phase capacitor; (7) Snubber circuit; (9) Controller; (11) Partition; (12,13) Plate-shaped conductors.
NOVELTY - The anode (1) and the cathode (3) are formed by fixing the respective conductive electrode materials (5,7) on tape like base material (4). The tape like electrolysis layer (6) is pinched inbetween the anode and the cathode. The anode and cathode are made to contact the electrolysis layer in crimped state, by the crimp rollers (8). The electromotive reaction is carried out between anode and cathode and the electrolysis layer.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The remaining charge of battery is confirmed easily. Enables stabilised operation for long time. The capability reduction of battery is prevented. Facilitates repetitive usage of base material. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of battery. (1) Anode; (3) Cathode; (4) Base material; (5) Anode material; (6) Electrolysis layer; (7) Cathode material; (8) Crimp rollers.
NOVELTY - Methane fermentation of the organic cordierite that includes organic waste water, organic sludge is performed in a digester (1) using anaerobic microorganism. A gas separation membrane (2) is permeable to high concentration methane gas generated by the digester. Another gas separation membrane (3) is permeable to carbon dioxide and retains methane. Methane from the separation membrane (3) is circulated to the membrane (2) and used by fuel battery. Carbon dioxide from both the gas separation membranes is transferred to high concentration carbon dioxide holder (19).    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Fuel capacity supplied to fuel batteries can be increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the systematic diagram showing recovery of methane gas. (1) Digestor; (2,3) Gas separation membranes; (19) High concentration carbon dioxide gas holder.
NOVELTY - A cell (C) consists of a cathode (2) and an anode (3), which are laminated to both sides of an electrolyte board (1) through separators (4). Collector boards (6A,6B) are interposed between the cell and the separators for holding the electrodes. The aperture forming rate in the collector boards is 30-40 wt.% or 65-80 wt.%. The diameter of pores in the cathode is 4.5 m.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electrical property by bringing the amount of carbonate impregnations of cathode near the set value. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline sketch of the fuel battery. (1) Electrolyte board; (2) Cathode; (3) Anode; (4) Separator; (6A,6B) Collector boards; (C) Cell.
NOVELTY - Several oxygen content gas passage ways and fuel gas passage ways are formed on multiple oxygen poles and fuel pole sides of multiple cells, respectively. The oxygen content gas passage ways and the fuel gas passage ways comprise an individual equal flow path (E) and a reaction adjusting flow path (U), respectively. The reaction adjusting flow path consists of a small and large capability flow path sections (Ud,Uh). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery has multiple cells (C) of rectangular board shape comprising an oxygen pole (2) and a fuel pole (3) on both sides of an electrolyte layer (1), individually. A pair of edge section aperture (so) are formed in the edge sections of each oxygen content gas passage way individually. Similarly, a pair of edge section aperture (fo) are formed in the edge sections of each fuel gas passage way.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The endurance of the cells is raised by reducing the temperature difference. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the equal flow path and reaction adjusting flow path of the fuel battery. (1) Electrolyte layer; (2) Oxygen pole; (3) Fuel pole; (C) Cells; (E) Equal flow path; (fo) Edge section aperture in fuel gas passage way; (so) Edge section aperture in oxygen content gas passage way; (U) Reaction adjusting flow path; (Ud) Right section side smallness capability flow path section; (Uh) Large capability flow path section.
NOVELTY - The electrode contains polyphosphazene which replaces polytetrafluoroethylene as the water repellent    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Polyphosphazene is used as such and eliminates the need for removal of the surface active agent. The production of electrode is simplified, and an effective electrode is produced. The polyphosphazine acts as a fire retardant and enhances safety.
NOVELTY - The electrode consists of a mixture of two different hydrogen occlusion metal alloy powders whose battery characteristics differ from each other.    USE -   For battery in electric vehicle.
NOVELTY - Charging control transistors (12a,12b) selectively interrupt the charging of secondary batteries (3a,3b) by interrupting the power supplied to the secondary batteries. The secondary batteries are discharged after power supply interruption. A MPU (1) detects and compares the discharge characteristic of the secondary batteries with the previously stored discharge characteristic in a memory (2) for estimating the durability of the batteries.    USE -   For nickel cadmium battery used as back up power supply for information processor such as personal computer.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents destruction of contents of memory by exchanging backup battery at correct time thereby estimates durability of battery correctly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the block diagram of durability estimation apparatus of the secondary battery. (1) MPU; (2) Memory; (3a,3b) Secondary batteries; (12a,12b) Charging control transistors.
NOVELTY - The lower and upper cases have cell installation boards (5) and cell restraint members (6) formed alternately. The cell installation boards and the cell restraint members are out of case in the assemble form of the lower and upper case. Cylindrical cells (1) are installed in cell installation boards (5) and are supported by cell restraint boards (6), after coupling with lower and upper cases. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A battery case (3) comprises a storage case (4) which is split into a lower case (4a) and an upper case (4b). Fins (12) for radiation are formed on outer surface of the lower and upper case. The side of the storage case are covered by covers (7) which are coupled to floor structure (23) of the vehicle.    USE -   In electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces size of battery. Improves cooling property of battery. Provides rigid holding structure. Reduces weight leading to weight reduction of car body. Enables easy insertion and removal of battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows perspective diagram of case drum. (1) Cylindrical cells; (3) Battery case; (4) Storage case; (4a) Lower case; (4b) Upper case; (5) Cell installation boards; (6) Cell restraint members; (7) Cover; (12) Fins; (23) Floor structure.
NOVELTY - A reserve seedling loading stand (10) is provided at the front side of a chassis frame (3). A battery mounting unit (72) with a cover (80) is arranged underneath the reserve seedling-loading stand and is attached to support frame along the front side of the chassis frame.    USE -   For rice-planting machine.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents exposure of battery to direct sun rays as the battery is positioned below the loading stand. Insertion or removal of battery is simplified, by providing single touch cover. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the battery cover arrangement during fertiliser extraction. (3) Chassis frame; (10) Reserve seedling loading stand; (72) Battery mounting unit; (80) Cover.
NOVELTY - The system includes a modifier (126) with a reforming catalyst layer (113) in the form of a porous plate. The reforming catalyst is heated by a combustion chamber (112) and a gas feed zone supplies anode and cathode waste gas from fuel battery to the combustion chamber for heat exchange with combustion gas. The combustion chamber and the gas feed zone are also in the form of porous plates and are laminated with the reforming catalyst layer at the top to form lamination of three layers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery comprises an anode and a cathode where electrochemical reaction with hydrogen and oxygen takes place. A modifier is present to reform the raw material gas by burning in the presence of water and generates reformed raw material gas containing hydrogen. The CO present in the reformed gas coming out of the modifier is reduced in a reactor present in the system.    USE -   For electricity generation in buildings, schools, hospitals etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The fuel battery system is miniaturised and made compact by the lamination of porous plate structure. Heat loss is reduced and electricity generation efficiency is improved. Recovery of exhaust heat of reformed gas is performed and cooling of reformed gas or reactor is carried out efficiently.
An overcurrent detection circuit is applied to a car lamp control circuit for supplying power from a battery (B) to a lamp (L) and a lamp switch (13) operates from the outside, to supply an on/off signal to a control portion (18), while a driving circuit (14) applies gate voltage to a field effect transistor (11) to turn it on in response to a control signal.    A reference voltage generating circuit (17) generates a reducing reference level for comparison to the load current.    ADVANTAGE -   Detection of load overcurrent using simple circuit configuration.
The permanent current circuit has a current mirror circuit (2) which contains an input transistor (4) and an output one (5) plus a current supply path which extends from a power source (9) to the output transistor across a specified reference section (11). There is a buffer unit (7) which is provided in the current supply path for compensation or absorbtion of a potential difference between the reference section and an output terminal (12) of the output transistor. There is a clamping device (8) to fix a potential of the output terminal of the output transistor. The buffer unit is a first bipolar transistor (7) which has collector and emitter terminals for the compensation or absorption.    USE -   In vehicle IC engine throttle valve or ABS.    ADVANTAGE -   Maintains the current which flows with a constant value from the power source independently of changes in the source voltage so that an exact verification of the reference voltage is ensured.
NOVELTY - the vehicle has an electric drive system (36) which recovers braking energy, a fuel cell system providing electrical power to the drive system and a mechanism for direct use of recovered braking energy in at least one energy consuming component of the fuel cell system. A compressor (4) compresses oxygen contg. gas for the cells. The braking energy utilisation mechanism contains a flywheel in the compressor and/or a pressure reservoir (44) in the compressor outlet for additional oxygen contg. gas compressed using recovered braking energy    USE -   hybrid drive vehicles    ADVANTAGE -   the vehicle achieves a relatively high energy efficiency DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram including the electrical drive system, compressor and pressure reservoir (36) electrical drive system; (4) compressor; (44) pressure reservoir.
A protection circuit for a circuit arrangement (3') connected to a supply voltage source (1,2) and including a transistor whose base is coupled to a terminal of the circuit arrangement as well as with a terminal (1) of the supply voltage source, and whose emitter is connected to the other terminal of the circuit arrangement, and whose collector is wired to the other terminal of the supply voltage source.    The transistor (4,4') conductivity is of the type such that the transistor with correct polarity of the supply voltage source is reverse biased and with the polarity reversed is forward biased. In the event of correct polarity, a blocking diode (12) is connected on the line side of the transistor (4) base and an auxiliary current is moreover fed into the base. The circuit arrangement is specially formed by at least one high-side-switch.    USE -   For automobile engineering and industrial control engineering.    ADVANTAGE -   Low cost protection against polarity reversal and excess voltages.
The voltage supply circuit uses an auxiliary energy source (24), independent of the onboard electrical supply network, for supplying at least one electrical load (34) incorporated in the vehicle door (20). The electrical connection between the auxiliary energy source and the load is provided via an outer side edge of the door.    The outer side edge of each vehicle door (20) has a magnetic coil (36) cooperating with an aligned magnetic coil (32) in the door frame, to provide an inductive energy coupling between the auxiliary energy source (24) and the load (34).    ADVANTAGE -   The voltage supply circuit eliminates supply cables between vehicle body and door, for improved safety in accident.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the overall view of a vehicle incorporating the voltage supply circuit. (20) Vehicle door; (24) Auxiliary energy source; (32,36) Magnetic coils; (34) Electrical load.
The separator (46) contains a composite of thin porous- carbon material and 316L stainless steel foil (48) of 0.005inches thick. Narrow porous graphite strips (50) are adhered to both anode side (52) and cathode side (54) of the metal foil (48) over which an electrically conductive adhesive layer of thickness 0.001 is formed.    Narrow channels are left between the graphite strips to form serpentine gas distribution channels (56,58). The width of the channels (56,58) is set different on the anode and cathode sides to accommodate different volumetric flow requirements of the air or oxygen on the cathode side and hydrogen or fuel gas on the anode side.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces stack height and weight significantly by using thin components in place of machined graphite bipolar plates.
NOVELTY - A slide switch (72) toggles on and off the battery voltage supplied from either first input terminal (61) or second input terminal (66) by a car battery (55) to the main source voltage feed zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The voltage of the car battery is directly supplied to the first terminal, while in the second input terminal the voltage is supplied via an auxiliary switch (56). A DC-DC converter (62) supplies the backup voltage based on the voltage in the first input terminal stored to the semiconductor memory of a microcomputer (63).    USE -   For electronic device of navigation apparatus mounted in e.g. car.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces car battery load. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a circuit diagram of the connection between the battery voltage feed zone and the electronic device in a car. (55) car battery; (56) auxiliary switch; (61) first input terminal; (61) first input terminal; (62) DC-DC converter; (63) microcomputer; (66) second input terminal; (72) slide switch.
NOVELTY - Two rotary shafts (10,11), which face the same direction, are provided in a main body (5). The shafts are symmetrically arranged with respect to the centerline (14) of the main body. The centerline extends between the front end and rear end of the main body. Two flywheels (12,13) are individually mounted on the shafts. The flywheels are rotated in opposite directions. The main body is formed by right and left housings in which the flywheels are individually arranged.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables negating gyroscopic moment which is generated when flywheel inclines with main body of vehicle, thus preventing generation of riding discomfort for passenger. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic plan view of an electric vehicle. (5) main body; (10,11) rotary shafts; (12,13) flywheels; (14) centerline.
NOVELTY - The temperature of each battery (2) in the battery assembly as sensed by a detector is corrected by a correction unit. A judging unit ascertains whether the dispersion range of the battery temperature after correction process is within predetermined limits. A control unit defines the minimum total voltage of the battery assembly depending on the judgement result. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for discharge control method of battery assembly.    USE -   For battery assembly for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables actuation of battery in optimum environment and permits effective usage of charge in battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram explains the discharge control method of the battery assembly for electric vehicles. (2) Batteries of a group.
NOVELTY - The lithium cell has anode and cathode sheets (1,2) provided on either sides of a separator (3). The anode and cathode sheets along with the separator are bent in zig zag manner. A portion of the laminated sheets is made to contact inner side of a receptacle.    USE -   For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents temperature rise of battery by efficient dissipation of heat generated inside the battery to external environment. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the sectional drawing of laminated cathode and anode sheets. (1) Positive plate; (2) Negative plate.
NOVELTY - A lamination block comprises several cells (31- 38) which are laminated via a division plate (9). A cooling plate (10) is arranged on upper and lower surfaces of the lamination block. The cross section of fuel gas passageway of adjacent cells is made to be nearly identical. The cross-section of the fuel gas passageway formed in the cell which is far part from the cooling plate is made to be larger than that of the passageway in other cells.    USE -   The multilayered battery is used to generate electric power by the electrochemical reaction of gaseous oxidising agent.    ADVANTAGE -   The multilayered fuel battery runs with stability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows the principal parts of the multilayered fuel battery. (9) Division plate; (10) Cooling plate; (31-38) Cells.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte layer (1) is enclosed on either sides by a pair of electrodes (4A). The electrode comprises an electrode catalyst layer (2A) formed on porous carbon substrate (3). The electrode catalyst layer comprises mixture of non- fibrillation type fluororesin and catalyst grains which are not deformed even when shearing force is applied.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains superior electricity generation characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows fragmentary sectional view of single cell. (1) Electrolyte layer; (2A) Electrode catalyst layer; (3) Substrate; (4A) Electrode.
NOVELTY - An electronic controller judges whether circulating water temperature in driving start of engine is within predetermined temperature range. When the temperature is within the limits, an electric-heating catalyst (EHC) relay is turned ON, through which discharge current is supplied from a condensor battery to EHC. When the temperature is more than the range, the EHC relay is turned OFF.    USE -   For engine.    ADVANTAGE -   By controlling power supply to electric heating catalyst depending on engine temperature, energy is conserved. Safety is secured by preventing exhaustion of power supply. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of electric heating catalyst controller.
The main body of the fuel battery (101) has a cathode (102) and an anode (103). A modifier (126) supplies reforming gas containing hydrogen. A reforming catalyst layer (113) is arranged in the modifier. A combustion chamber (112) which has a combustion catalyst layer (116) for burning an anode waste gas is provided. An air feed zone (115) supplies air to the combustion chamber. Also included are trace air addition device (117b) and modifier (126)    The trace air addition device (117b) is arranged to supply air to the anode waste gas through a gas pipe connecting the modifier. The air feed zone supplies cathode waste gas through several holes formed on the walls of combustion chamber.    ADVANTAGE -   Electricity generating efficiency of the system and durability of reforming catalyst layer are improved. Waste gas of anode and cathode are utilised effectively.
NOVELTY - The accommodation portion (11) for a fusible link (2) provided in the box main body (10) has aperture on its upper portion (11a) and both sides of lower portions (11b,11c). Upper and lower cover (21,22) cover the upper and both sides of the lower portions of the accommodations portion, respectively. A cover body (20) suspends the lower cover underneath the upper cover.    USE -   For protecting power supply wiring during generation of excessive current by battery in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs exchange work of fusible link, efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded perspective view of fusible-link box. (2) Fusible link; (10) Box main body; (11) Accommodation portion; (11a) Upper portion; (11b,11c) Lower portions; (20) Cover body; (21,22) Upper and lower cover.
NOVELTY - A rectifier diode (D1) and an exciting coil (RC1) allow a relay contact (RS1) which is normally closed to be opened when the terminal (T1) is connected to the negative electrode terminal of a battery (B) and the terminal (T2) is connected to the positive electrode terminal of the battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The rectifier diode and the exciting coil are connected in series between a power supply line (L1) connected to the terminal (T1) and a ground line (L2) connected to the terminal (T2). The relay contact is provided along the power supply line. A light emitting diode (D2) connected in series with a resistor is connected in parallel with the exciting coil.    USE -   For protecting load in motor vehicle when battery is connected reversely.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents supply of power from battery to load when battery is connected reversely. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the protective device. (B) battery; (D1) rectifier diode; (D2) light emitting diode; (L1) power supply line; (L2) ground line; (RC1) exciting coil; (RS1) relay contact; (T1) terminal; (T2) terminal.
NOVELTY - The acoustic video apparatus (50) has four terminals (A-D). The terminal (D) is connected to an AC adaptor side provided with a battery. When ignition switch is turned off, the power supply to the video apparatus remains uninterrupted via the terminal (D). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Terminal (A) is connected to regular power supply (52). Terminal (B) is grounded. Terminal (C) is connected such that the ON-OFF state of ignition switch is input to a microcomputer (51). When ignition switch is ON, the acoustic video apparatus receiver power supply from regular source. When it is turned off, the micro computer receives an input signal and turns on the AC adaptor such that power supply is not interrupted.    USE -   For vehicle mounted electronic equipment e.g. acoustic video apparatus, portable TV, LCD.    ADVANTAGE -   Damage of vehicle mounted electronic apparatus is prevented, since abrupt stop of power supply is avoided when ignition switch is turned off. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of power supply system for which mounted acoustic video apparatus. (50) Acoustic video apparatus; (51) Microcomputer; (52) Power supply; (A-D) Four terminals of the video apparatus.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery (1) generates DC electric power which is fed to a DC-DC converter (2), for performing voltage adjustment. A drive unit (3) is actuated using the variable voltage DC electric power supplied from the DC-DC converter.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The structure and composition of the electric power supply system offers transformation efficiency greatly. Utilises fuel battery for DC power generation instead of AC supply thus eliminating efficiency reduction. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram visualizes the structure of an electric power supply system. (1) Fuel battery; (2) DC-DC converter; (3) Drive unit.
NOVELTY - An insulated coating layer (15e) is wrapped around a electrically conductive connecting plate (15), except at the battery connecting end (15a) and the box connecting end (15b). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery connecting end is detachably coupled with the coupling section (14b) of a battery terminal (14). The battery terminal has a fixing section (14a) that is fixed to a battery (11). The box connecting end is detachably coupled with the power-supply input section (13) of an electric connection box (12). The box connecting end is used as a fulcrum, when pivoting the battery connecting end between a coupling position and an uncoupling position.    USE -   For battery and electric connection box arranged engine room of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies connecting of battery and electric connection box. Simplifies replacement of battery, without removing connecting plate from electric connection box. Ensures safety of person during handling of connecting plate, due to insulated coating layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of the connecting structure and the isometric view of the connecting plate. (11) battery; (12) electric connection box; (13) power-supply input section; (14) battery terminal; (14a) fixing section; (14b) coupling section; (15) connecting plate; (15a) battery connecting end; (15b) box connecting end; (15e) insulated coating layer.
NOVELTY - An output power characteristics information holder (2') holds the information regarding the power characteristics based on the battery temperature. An output power calculation unit (3') calculates the output power based on the externally supplied input parameters and the characteristic information retained in the information holder. A display unit (1) displays the amount of remnant charge and the possible output power in a two dimensional manner.    USE -   For battery of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables driver to recognise the further distance that can be covered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The selected figure shows the functional block diagram of the display device. (1) Two- dimensional display; (2') Memory.
NOVELTY - Circulation supply of positive and negative electrolytes are carried out to a battery cell (2) through circulation paths (40,41). A set of storage tanks (3a,3b,4a,4b) which are respectively coupled mutually by a piping, stores positive and negative electrolytes.    USE -   In e.g. redox flow battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves utilisation efficiency of electrolyte in tank, thereby improving energy density. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents fundamental composition of redox flow battery. (2) Battery cell; (3a,3b,4a,4b) Storage tanks; (40,41) Circulation paths.
A power plant utilizes a fuel battery. The organic substance of sludge is anaerobically processed in a processing tank (2) using microorganisms. A heater heats the inner side of the tank. The amount of exhaust gas generated in the tank is controlled by a regulator. The figure shows the block diagram of power plant utilizing fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The method raises synthetic energy efficiency since heat produced by electricity generation is utilised. The method improves sludge treatment efficiently depending on throughput of sludge.
NOVELTY - A steam turbine (6) is made to actuate using steam generated from a boiler (4) to generate electricity. A reformer (8) having a hydrogen separation membrane uses waste heat of the boiler to perform reforming of hydrocarbon. High purity hydrogen (11) manufactured is supplied to a fuel battery (12) to generate electricity.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Electricity generation efficiency per unit hydrocarbon fuel is enhanced (42% efficiency is obtained using natural gas as fuel). The wasted heat energy is utilised effectively.
NOVELTY - A water supply group (140) supplies water for reaction in a reforming gas generating modifier (126) through water flow passage (141). The water flow passage is branched into a coil side passage (141a) which pass through a series of heat exchanger coils and a bypass flow path (141b) which bypasses the heat exchanger.DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A combined reaction of hydrogen and oxygen with anode (103) and cathode (102) in the cell (101) of the fuel battery system generates electricity. A hydrogen containing raw material is made to react in the presence of water in a reforming gas generating modifier (126). The CO gas in the reforming gas is reduced in an oxidation reactor (128). The water supply to the modifier is done by the water supply group (140). The gas supply is done by flow passage (180) connecting the various reactors to the cell (101).    USE -   For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables precise temperature control of each reactor. Improves efficiency of the system.DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The schematic diagram shows piping structure of fuel battery system. (101) Cell; (102,103) Anode and electrodes; (126) Modifier; (140) Water supply group; (141) Water flow passage; (141a) Coil side passage; (141b) Bypass side passage; (180) Gas piping.
NOVELTY - The battery cooling water is circulated through a pump (3) to absorb the heat generated by fuel battery main body (1). The heat exchanger (4) is provided in the downstream of a circulating pump (9). The remainder heat generated by the fuel battery is collected indirectly by a heat carrier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for exhaust heat collection method in fuel battery electricity generation system.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The water treatment cost is reduced. Prevents cavitation. The waste heat is recovered efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the block diagram of fuel battery electricity generation system. (1) Fuel battery main body; (3) Battery cooling water circulating pump; (4) Heat exchanger; (9) Circulating pump.
NOVELTY - A cooler (10) cools the secondary cooling water circuit with a fan (10a). The cooling capacity of the cooler is made variable by the rotation speed of a fan (10a). A schedule management controller (18) makes a rotation member command signal generator (17) to generate low speed signal during night and high speed signal during day. An invertor (16) which drives the fan varies the fan speed based on the rotation speed command signal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel battery main body (2) generates electricity by electrochemical reaction with heating air and gas supplied to the air pole and gas pole respectively. A primary cooling water circuit comprising a circulating pump (7), heat exchanger (5) and steam separator (4), is installed for absorbing heat generated in the battery. The primary cooling water is cooled by a secondary cooling water circuit comprising a pump (9), a heat exchanger (6) and a cooler (10).    USE -   For cooling fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reduction of noise and vibration. Enables size reduction of plant. Enables maintaining environmental harmony of site. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic block diagram of primary and secondary cooling water circuit. (2) Battery main body; (4) Steam separator; (5,6) Heat exchanger; (7,9) Circulating pumps; (10) Cooler.
NOVELTY - A solid state polymer film (1) is provided, on whose both sides a proton conductivity polymer layer (8) and catalyst layer (7) are laminated sequentially. The EW of the proton conductivity polymer layer is different from that of the solid state polymer film.    USE -   Used for solid state polymer type fuel battery for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Water ejection capability of the catalyst layer is improved. Membraneous drying is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cell structure of the solid state polymer type fuel battery, which is applied to the film and electrode contact piece. (1) Solid state polymer film; (7) Catalyst layer; (8) Proton conductivity polymer layer.
NOVELTY - A storage case (4) which has several battery elements (4a) is covered by an arm top cover (12). Terminals (4b+,4b-,4c+,4c-) of the adjoining battery elements are electrically connected through an insulated connector (13). The connector projects outwardly when inserted into terminal through holes (15) provided in the arm top cover.    USE -   For electric vehicles like car.    ADVANTAGE -   A safe structure is provided as the terminals of the battery elements are connected using an insulated connector. Space required for accommodation is less as number of components are reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram represents disassembling isometric view of storage battery accommodating apparatus. (4) Storage case; (4a) Battery elements; (4b+,4b-,4c+,4c-) Terminals of battery elements; (12) Arm top cover; (13) Insulated connector; (15) Terminal through hole.
NOVELTY - Electrical signal of power-supply from a vehicle is received and condition of battery at each time is judged and stored based on contents of a memory. The judgment results are accumulated by controller (14) that are obtained within a desired period. A printer (15) prints the output of the controller.    USE -   The apparatus installed in petrol stand, mechanic sheds to judge the quality of power by utilising electrical signals from battery and charger of vehicles like car.    ADVANTAGE -   The condition of battery is judged automatically. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of quality judging apparatus. (14) Controller; (15) Printer.
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a pair of DC detection cores (1a,1b) wound by separate exciting coils (2a,2b). A sensing coil (3) winds the DC cores together and a feedback coil (5) is wound ranging over the DC cores and an AC detection core (4). A test wire (10) for flow of DC and AC current is included in the arrangement.    USE -   For measuring charging and discharging quantity of battery in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers effective current sensing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures shows the isometric view of current sensor. (1a,1b) DC detection cores; (2a,2b) Exciting coils; (3) Sensing coil; (4) AC detection core; (5) Feedback coil; (10) Test wire.
NOVELTY - The reaction tube comprises an outer pipe (15) closed at one end (47) and an inner tube (17) provided inside the outer pipe. A mutually connecting part (10) is formed between the inner and outer pipes near one end so that a hollow tube (49) with a closed end is connectable to the connecting part.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a deteriorated catalyst exchange process. Catalyst (19) is filled into the gap between the outer and inner pipes. During exchange of catalyst the hollow tube is opened at a cutting part (55) and deteriorated catalyst is taken out. Subsequently new catalyst is filled in the space between the pipes in the reaction tube.    USE -   Used for fuel reforming in fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The apparatus enables easy exchange of deteriorated catalyst without requiring large scale work.
A lithium secondary battery comprises an internal electrode body contained in a battery case and including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator made of porous polymer, and an organic electrolyte. The positive and negative electrodes are wound through the separator so that they are not brought into contact with each other, and a pressure release mechanism is disposed at each of both portions of the case in the winding direction of the positive and negative electrodes.    USE -   Improved lithium secondary battery including an internal pressure release mechanism, useful for an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery has excellent charging/discharging characteristics and a low internal resistance. Manufacturing costs are low and fabrication simple. The pressure release mechanism provides superior operational safety.
The plug connection consists of at least two casing parts (G1,G2), which respectively have power connections (K1,K2,K1',K2') for the removal or the supply of electric power. The power connections form an electrical connection when plugged together. Integrated data transmission channels are provided in the two casing parts with interface sections assigned to each other, so that a data channel connection is made in addition to the power connection.    A battery control unit is provided at the plug connection. The battery control unit is connected to the electric voltage source, for detection or storage, and to deliver the data to be transmitted. A battery control unit is fitted on one of the casing parts, for the detection or storage of vehicle or battery data.    USE -   For transmitting data of the battery assigned to an electrical voltage source or specific to the vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Plug connection between battery and data processing unit is compact and simple.
The fuel cell stack has a number of fuel cells (2) connected in series, with a common gas inlet (4) and gas outlet (5). Each individual fuel cell or fuel cell group (3) is provided with a fuel gas inlet (6) having a closure cap (7), which is operated in response to a setting signal. Each fuel cell or fuel cell group may also have a respective gas outlet (8) with an associated closure cap (9), operated by a supplied setting signal, the setting signals for the gas inlet and gas outlet closure caps supplied in response to the required power output.    USE -   For electric vehicle propulsion drive.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows high efficiency at low load and high power output when required, by switching from series to parallel operation.
The inventive system provides battery-charging in an electrically-powered vehicle (10). Air is captured (15, 17, 18) at the vehicle front and ducted to one or more wind-turbines (20, 23). These exhaust (25, 26) into low-pressure vortex regions at the sides and/or rear (29) of the vehicle, taking advantage of the Bernoulli effect to optimise turbine rotational energy. The turbines drive a flywheel generator to provide power for charging the vehicle batteries.    The flywheel stores mechanical energy when the vehicle is moving forward, releasing it when the vehicle reduces speed/stops, and may be enclosed within a catastrophe-containment housing. The wind-ducting system is also applicable to internal combustion engine vehicles, improving fuel economy by reducing aerodynamic resistance during vehicle motion.    USE/ADVANTAGE -   Efficient wind-generated charging for electric vehicle batteries. Reduces environmental pollution by improving practicability of electrically-powered vehicle, increasing possible travel-range, and conserving fossil fuel reserves, also improving fuel economy of fossil-fuel vehicles by reducing aerodynamic resistance during vehicle motion.
The structure consists of a battery container (30) enclosing several battery cells. A container opening (102) is provided in the container, in communication with each cell. A vent manifold (250) having vent manifold openings (300,328,348) is provided in the container. The manifold openings (328,348) are in fluid communication with the main opening (300) which has a larger opening area than the other sub-openings.    The opening (300) is inturn in fluid communication with the container opening. Another battery container enclosing several battery cells are provided. The container also is provided with a container opening in communication with enclosed cells. The container opening of this container is connected with vent opening (328) of the container (30). A flame arrester is provided near the container opening (102).    USE -   For ignition and lighting functions in cars, truck, boat, aircraft.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents accumulation of battery gases. Avoids need for using separate conduction for connecting each battery cell area with venting area.
The device has a plastic cover part with integral battery cables, with a simplified mechanical attachment of the battery cables to the battery terminals. The battery is installed and fastened to the vehicle body structure, and the battery cover and integral hinges are attached to the body structure via snap fit or other mechanical fasteners.    The arrangement may use battery cables integral to the cover, with attachment bolts recessed in the cover, in which self locating bolts are fastened to the battery terminals from the top side of the cover, after the cover is closed. Alternatively snap fit battery cables and terminals may be used. The battery structural support arrangements may be adapted for assembly off-line, enabling installation as a module, which is either bonded or bolted into the vehicle structure.    USE -   For vehicle under floor battery mounting.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplified installation and connection of battery terminals and cover, reducing vehicle assembly time and cost.
NOVELTY - The monitoring system has a number of sensors (110) connected to a microprocessor (102) in a secure housing on the trailer which activates a number of alarms (112) should abnormal signals be received without a correct authorization code having first been entered.    USE - For monitoring the trailer of a tractor/trailer unit, primarily but not exclusively when the trailer is parked and the tractor is disconnected, to prevent theft of either the cargo or the entire trailer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The monitoring system has a secure housing located on the trailer unit which can only be accessed with by a key, keyboard or other suitable system by an authorized person and which contains a function control key panel (100), a microprocessor, microelectronics and a battery (124) which is rechargeable from the tractor to which the trailer is hitched. The microelectronics are connected to a number of sensors including sensors associated with the front-end land legs (106), the enclosed cargo space and surrounding access points and the wheels of the trailer.    Should the microprocessor receive an abnormal signal from a sensor, due to attempted access to the cargo area, attempts to raise the front-end legs etc. without first having received a correct access code from the control key panel then it activates visual and audible alarms. The system also includes a vehicle tracking system which is activated in the event of abnormal signals and a radio system for communicating with a remote control center to report the trailer violations and from where at least some functions of the alarm system can be initiated or performed remotely.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic diagram of the trailer monitoring system.    106 Trailer front-end land legs    124 Monitoring system internal rechargeable battery    126 Tractor power supply
An electrically and thermally conductive composite material comprises a homogeneous physical mixture of greater than micron size non-conductive sinterable grains or granules and sub-micron or micron size conductive particles in the form of a monolayer joined to each grain or granule surface. Preferably, the non-conductive sinterable material is a glass or an organic polymer, preferably a polymer or copolymer of a 1-4C alkene or of a vinyl compound. Also claimed are: (i) a sintered conductive composite material obtained by sintering the above conductive composite material; (ii) a sintered part of the above conductive composite material; (iii) a bipolar plate of the above conductive composite material in sintered form; and (iv) a fuel cell containing the above bipolar plate. Further claimed is a process for preparing a sintered part of the above conductive composite material by moulding and sintering a homogeneous mixture of the grains or granules and the conductive particles.    USE -   Used especially for production of a bipolar plate for a fuel cell, particularly a PEM fuel cell for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The conductive composite material has high electrical and thermal conductivity at minimal content of expensive conductive particles and allows simple and inexpensive production of parts especially of complicated shape.
The voltage regulator includes an input capacitor (C1) connected between the input (1) and a vehicle electrical system reference potential (GND). A resistance (R) is connected between the input and the supply voltage (Vbat). The switching path of a switch (T) is connected in parallel with the resistance.    A control circuit (S) controls the switch to be conducting if the input voltage (Vin) is smaller than or equal to a predefined demand value. The switch is controlled it to be non-conducting if the input voltage is larger.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides loss power capacity for input voltage range 6 to 24 volts.
Production of an insulating ceramic component (4) for a high temperature fuel cell is carried out by powder spraying a ceramic material onto a mask-like support (12), having the approximate shape of the component, and detaching the resulting component (4) from the support, after hardening. Preferably, the component (4) is plasma sprayed as an up to 3 mm thick layer on a metallic support (12) and, after detachment, may be machined to final dimensions. Also claimed is a high temperature fuel cell provided with an insulating component produced by the above process.    ADVANTAGE -   The process is less expensive than and involves fewer steps than pressing and sintering processes, the product (e.g. of magnesium aluminate spinel) having the desired dimensions and properties (such as low porosity) so that it may be used in a fuel cell directly after detachment.
The present invention provides a storage battery boosted bicycle with a reverse-threaded free wheel structure. It is characterized by that the mechanical energy produced by a DC motor driven by power from the storage battery and the man-power mechanical energy produced by the foot pedals simultaneously act on the bicycle through the gears, chain wheel and reverse-threaded flywheel to allow the bicycle to acceleratively run under the action of two power sources so as to implement the goal of power boosting by means of a storage battery.    ADVANTAGE -   System is simple in structure, can be matched with various types of bicycle, and possesses extensive application range.
An active microchannel heat exchanger to heat a working fluid comprises: (i) an exothermic reaction chamber having a first shell which defines exothermic reactant flow and exhaust flow paths and which has at least one inlet and an exhaust outlet; (ii) an exhaust chamber which has a second shell and a containment wall defining an exhaust flow path connected to the exhaust outlet, the second shell has an outlet and the chamber has microchannels through which an exhaust flows; and (iii) a heat exchanger chamber which thermally contacts the exhaust chamber and has a third shell through which a working fluid flows via an inlet and an outlet, and such that heat from the reaction chamber is convected by the exhaust through the exhaust chamber and by conduction through the containment wall to heat the working fluid. Also claimed is a liquid vaporiser comprising a heat exchanger as above where: (i) a porous material is placed in the exothermic reaction chamber; (ii) the exhaust chamber does not have microchannels; and (iii) heat convected through the exhaust chamber and conducted through the containment wall vaporises the liquid in the heat exchanger chamber. Also claimed is a chemical processor comprising a heat exchanger as above wherein the working fluid flow path contains microchannels.    USE -   The heat exchanger is useful as a liquid fuel vaporiser and/or steam generator for fuel cell power systems, and as a heat source for sustaining endothermic chemical reactions and initiating exothermic reactions.    ADVANTAGE -   The heat exchanger is small, lightweight and efficient.
The integrated plasmatron-turbine system (60) comprises a plasmatron (62) configured to receive hydrocarbon fuel and reform the hydrocarbon fuel into a hydrogen-rich gas. A turbine (64) is connected to the plasmatron and configured to receive the hydrogen-rich gas from the plasmatron, the turbine is further configured to convert energy in the hydrogen-rich gas, prior to combustion to produce mechanical power. A generator (66) is connected to the turbine and configured to produce electricity from the mechanical power produced by the turbine.    The hydrocarbon fuel comprises gasoline, or may comprise diesel fuel, natural gas or methanol.    USE -   For the production and utilisation of hydrogen-rich gas in internal combustion engines of vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and in stationary turbines.    ADVANTAGE -   Uses water shift reactor to further reduce carbon monoxide emissions. Plasmatron generated heat energy is used to produce mechanical power and is capable of maximising the efficiency of the conversion of chemical energy into electricity.
The device drives a fuel battery (20) with the electromotive force obtained from the chemical reaction of the reaction gas supplied to an electrode. A detector detects the time at which the output current of the fuel battery starts increasing rapidly. A current limiting unit limits the output current of the fuel battery and maintains it to be less than the amount of the reaction gas supplied. The amount of reaction gas supplied to the fuel battery is controlled by a gas amount supply control unit based on the output current of fuel battery and limitation set by current limiting unit.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents occurrence of voltage drop and partial heat generation. Enables tracking of reaction gas quantity supplied to fuel battery with sufficient response.
The battery has an anode (1), a cathode (2), an electrolytic board (3), anode and cathode gas passage ways. The anode and cathode gas passage ways are separated by an anode cathode flow path formation board (11).    ADVANTAGE -   Requires less number of parts which in turn reduces cost and weight.
The battery consists of a power generation component present in a cell case (10). The power generator has an electrode group and a non-aqueous electrolyte. A separator (3) separates the positive and negative electrodes (1,2). The positive pole and negative electrode of an electrode group are connected to a positive pole terminal and negative pole terminal embedded in a sealant by a lead wire. The battery case has an opening provided with a dense sealing. An airtight space is formed in the sealing member where a bimetallic switch is present. The bimetallic switch turns ON and OFF the positive pole terminal and the negative pole terminal. An explosion prevention valve present in the case, has a releaser which opens when gas pressure in the cell case exceeds a set value.    USE -   For electrically driven cart, video camera, DC, backup apparatus, security apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves safety of cell.
The generator has a main body (Pg) which has an IC engine (Eg) that serves as the drive source. The generator is controlled through a control panel (Cp). The engine is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank (Ft). The main body is enclosed by a sound insulating box (Db) that is formed by several sound insulating panels (1-6). Acoustic materials are arranged at the inner surfaces of the sound insulating panels.    External guide openings (1a,2a) are formed through the sound insulating box. An external suction fan (Fa) is fixed to the sound insulating box. At the installation position of the generator, the sound insulating box is suspended from the chassis bottom of a camper through damper materials that include spring and rubber. The control panel and the fuel tank are separated from generator and are installed at suitable locations at the camper.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents overheating of generator, even if used for long time to simultaneously power electric appliances e.g. microwave oven, toaster, dryer, air conditioner. Minimises noise generated by generator. Solves problem regarding exhaust gas of generator. Improves balance of camper.
NOVELTY - Reforming gas containing carbon monoxide is passed through a pipe (55) with catalyst (56) for selective oxidation. A heater is provided in the pipe which heats the catalyst by mixing the reforming gas with air and burning it. Carbon monoxide is oxidised to carbon dioxide and is removed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the carbon monoxide removal method.    USE -   Used in solid polymer fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Carbon monoxide is selectively and effectively oxidised.
The generator uses neodymium discs (6) for absorption of EM radiation from space for electricity generation. The neodymium disc is inserted into an aluminium cylinder (4), using a bolt (1). Energy is extracted from space by adjusting the resonance between neodymium disc and crystal (11), placed inside aluminium cylinder (8) and between crystal (11) and ceramic crystal (10).    USE -   In battery of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Unnecessitates refuelling in vehicles.
The method involves supplying electric power from a battery (11) to loads (40A-40X) mounted on a vehicle. Power supplied to a predetermined load among the loads, is stopped when an engine is stopped.    Power supply is restored to the predetermined load, when the an engine operation detector (44) detects a starting operation of the engine. Preferably, the engine and the battery voltage are under a predetermined threshold value, when the engine is stopped.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures easy power supply restoration, since power supply is restored simultaneous to starting operation of engine. Prevents fire on vehicle due to electric leakage and collision. Ensures necessary usage of loads e.g. hazard lamp, horn, headlight, during emergency cases. Prevents discharge of battery when load switch is not turned off during long term parking, since power supply is cut off during stoppage of engine.
The protector connects a DC power supply (1) to load (2). The power supply is switched by an output transistor (3) connected between the DC power supply and load. When power is to be supplied to load, the output transistor is switched ON by driving a microcomputer (5) to high state, thereby turning ON a drive transistor (4).    At the time of short-circuit, a diode (11) connected between output transistor and load is made to conduct and base potential (V) is reduced to turn-off drive transistor, which in turn switches the output transistor to OFF condition. The DC power supply to load is then cut-off.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs safe and reliable protection to prevent destruction of circuit elements, during short circuit of load. Eliminates need for fuse, by including diode.
The controller includes a PTC element (31) which is placed in a fixed position between supply lines (30,25) through which drive current is supplied from a battery (2) to various equipments in a vehicle. A switching unit (26,27) and a timer (34a) change drive current into supply or non-supply condition.    When door-lock switch (15) is locked, a switch (26a) is connected and current is supplied for 300ms and when switch is unlocked, switch (27a) is connected to the control circuit for supply of the same amount of current by the control circuit. A control unit outputs a control signal indicating time for drive current supply condition to the switching unit, after satisfying predetermined conditions.    USE -   For power supply control of power window, wiper, door lock, lamps, radio, CD player and TV in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Stops flow of excessive current. Protects power supply line.
The connector has a housing (11) in which a pair of levers (50,60) are provided. An operation receiver (53) provided on rear terminal of the lever (50), is raised when pressing an operation unit (61) provided on rear terminal of the lever (60). Thus, a lock convex portion (54) provided in the end of the lever (50), is made to change in the connection release direction of the lock.    ADVANTAGE -   Cancels lock easily, by pressing operation. Protects lock lever by housing.
The battery has a positive pole made of lead calcium tin alloy grating sheet. The alloy sheet is expansion rolled to generate grating of predetermined mesh size, using a drum.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables maintenance free operation. Excels in discharge voltage characteristic. Prolongs life of battery. Promotes corrosion resistance at high rate discharge. Exhibits high industrial value.
The battery has an anode made of composite grating sheet produced by integrally rolling a lead-calcium-tin system alloy plate and lead-antimony-selenium group alloy plate. About 1.5-7 wt% of selenium and 0.005-0.03 wt% of antimony are present in the alloy plate. The grating pattern of the positive pole is produced by expansion process or blanking process.    ADVANTAGE -   Excels in maintenance, stability and durability. Expresses high industrial worth. Enables superior cycle performance. Avoids drastic impairment of self discharge characteristic.
The plate is joined with a collector tab (2) by a resin coating and the interior of a base is impregnated with the resin.    USE -   For nickel-cadmium battery, nickel-hydrogen battery, nickel-zinc battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves mechanical strength at junction area. Offers earthquake proof or shock proof to batteries. Has high industrial value.
The structure consists of an exhaust module (5) attached to a cover (2). The exhaust module is provided between adjacent cell chambers (3b,3c) which are separated by a partition (2a). The chambers are connected through an opening (4) formed in the partition. The exhaust module connected only to the chamber (3e) through an opening.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases compactness of battery unit. Prevents leakage of electrolyte.
The reactor (1) includes a reactor bed (2) for constraining a gaseous medium to be processed to flow through the reactor bed and a power supply (8) unit adapted to generate an apply a potential across the reactor bed which is sufficient to excite an electric discharge in the gaseous medium. The reactor bed and power supply are coaxially connected and enclosed in a earthed metal chamber (15) which both isolates the high voltage power supply and acts as a Faraday cage preventing the emission of electromagnetic radiation from the power supply or plasma. The reactor bed consists of a cylindrical body of gas permeable dielectric material contained between two electrodes (5,6), the outer one (6) being grounded and the inner one (5) being connected to the power supply. The power supply includes a generator driven by the engine via a constant speed drive system with a step-up transformer for generating a voltage of the order of tens of kilovolts at a frequency from 50Hz to 15kHz.    USE -   Reactor for vehicle exhaust system for purifying exhaust gases.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reduction of engine exhaust emissions with increased safety.
A dry clutch (26) is housed in a transmission box (60) which receives a drive from the engine crankshaft (16) and in turn drives (15) a gearbox. The gearbox shaft (15) carries a toothed crown wheel (11) which engages with a toothed pinion (12) to drive an accessory such as a generator or pump.    A disengaging bearing (10) is able to slide on the gearbox shaft (15) towards a clutch (26) when oil is pumped into a cavity (22) formed between it and the toothed crown wheel (11). The action of the disengaging bearing (10) on the pressure plate (14) causes springs to disengage the clutch (26). The clutch re-engages when oil is pumped out of the cavity (22) and the bearing (10) moves away from the pressure plate (14). The dryness of the clutch is preserved by a screen (50).    ADVANTAGE -   A safe and convenient drive may be given to an accessory such as a pump or generator while making use of the existing clutch.
A combined recharge apparatus for electric car is composed of a driving motor, an accumulator, a quick recharging device, a wind-driven electric generator set, an internal combustion electric generator set and solar cells. Said internal combustion electric generator set is connected via frequency converter and quick recharging device to primary accumulator. Said wind-driven electric generator set is connected via frequency converter and the quick recharging device to the primary accumulator. The quick recharging device has connector to rectifier of an AC source. The secondary accumulator using solar cells is connected with the lighting system. During the running of car, the primary and secondary accumulators are continuously recharged.
The battery (10) includes a handle (20) attached to the cover (14) of the battery through a pin-and-button structure which is attached to the battery by insertion into an insertion aperture. The insertion apertures are complementary sized to accept handle arm buttons and the pockets are sized to allow movement of the buttons from the insertion position to the assembly position.    The button and assembly position apertures are complementary sized so that the buttons cannot be pulled out through the assembly aperture when the handle is in the assembly position. The handle is then moved into an assembly position where the handle can be rotated from a rest position adjacent the side of the cover to an upright, service position for carrying the battery.    USE -   For recreational vehicle and marine applications.    ADVANTAGE -   Handle is integrated into battery cover, achieving appearance which blends into cover to give hidden look when handle is in rest position while not altering outer dimensions of battery.
The solar car has a number of fans (4) attached to the roof (2) and front (3) portions. A support (9) is provided in the roof portion. A board (12) made of hard, lightweight material and of elliptical shape installed in the shape of a roof covers the front and rear window glasses (10,11), respectively. Several solar batteries (8) are bonded to the surface of the bonnet (6) and trunk (7).    Several lead wires from the fan and the solar batteries are connected to a storage battery (5) installed inside the main body. The battery supplies power to a motor (14) through an electronic controller (15) for driving the front wheel axle (13) with the controller.    ADVANTAGE -   Uses freely available natural energy effectively and efficiently without polluting environment. Cools inner side of car during summer as board acts as roof cover. Reduces mass of car by lift produced by wind force. Reduces cost due to simple structure.
The fuel modifier consists of several catalyst chambers (19) which produce a hydrogen-containing gaseous mixture by the reaction of methanol, air and water. A manifold (20) is provided to supply methanol, air and water to each catalyst chamber directly.    USE -   The fuel modifier is connected to a fuel battery which produces hydrogen gas (fuel gas).    ADVANTAGE -   Methanol, air and water are supplied uniformly to the catalyst chambers. Operation of each chamber is easily controlled and hydrogen gas formation is stabilised. The heat energy recovered from the hydrogen-containing gaseous mixture produced during heat exchange is utilised efficiently for methanol vaporisation. Size reduction of fuel modifier is achieved. Fuel battery connected to this fuel modifier generates electricity with improved stability.
The structure has a ventilating hole (4b) formed on a division wall (3b) which divides a battery room (3) and a radiator room (6). Batteries (2) are installed to the battery room formed next to the radiator room to which a radiator (5) is installed.    The ventilating hole is formed so that forced ventilation of the internal of the battery room might be performed by the operation a fan (5a) which cools the radiator.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures efficient ventilation of battery room without increasing cost since fan for exclusive use becomes unnecessary. Prevents penetration of e.g. water, dust within battery room.
The structure is mounted to the front side of an industrial machine (1) near a radiator (3) so that a battery (5) can be inserted or removed from the base (2) of the industrial machine. A battery base (6) is supported by the base of the industrial machine so that the battery can be directed and moved from an installation side to an extraction side.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies removal of battery from back side of radiator, enabling efficient cleaning of radiator. Ensures efficient changing and maintenance of battery since battery can be efficiently removed from back side of radiator.
The method involves bridging individual damaged cells in a fuel cell stack with single cells which are connected electrically in series through current conductors accessible from the outside, and are connected to common supply- and outlet conductors over respective supply- and outlet channels arranged in parallel with the current conductors.    The current conductors of the affected single cell are electrically short-circuited, and the corresponding supply- and outlet channels are closed.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables operation of fuel cell stack even with damaged cells.
The method involves passing a current (IOL) into a load circuit by means of a current source (7) and evaluating a load status derived from its load driver output (1) with the smart- switch switched off. The current source is switched off i.e. deactivated during an inactive circuit environment, in which the smart-switch is functionally included.    The smart-switch incorporates a logic module (2) and has a power transistor (T1) coupled to a supply voltage (Vbb).The switch drives an external load (RL) via the output with the current source being switched on and off over the module.    USE -   For applications requiring controlled power supply of external loads.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides open-load diagnosis information of smart-switch drawing low current.
An electric double-layer capacitor comprises a resinous current collecting layer which is improved by adding a resin having a low softening point, tetrafluoroethylene polymer (PTFE), latex resin, etc., to the resin.    USE -   Used for regenerating electric power in electrical equipment or electric car, or for storing electric power.    ADVANTAGE -   The manufacture allows the size and capacity of the capacitor to be increased further and the cost of the capacitor to be reduced further.
The method involves applying a transient electrical test parameter to the terminals of a battery to be tested. A characteristic of the battery's reaction is utilised to the test parameter as a basis for the determination. The method has the step of utilising the battery's reaction to the transient test parameter to provide a measure of the condition of the battery by analysis of the waveform shape or profile of an electrical value representative of the battery's reaction to the test parameter.    The step of analysis of the waveform profile of the electrical value of the battery's reaction to the test parameter is effected without employing a neural network but by an algorithm which identifies a corresponding one of two or more battery condition classifications, and the corresponding one classification exhibiting a correlation with time-defined voltage aspects of the waveform profile of the electrical value.    ADVANTAGE -   Recognises particular characteristics of complex data fed in and effects efficient classification on basis of relatively limited data.
A membrane made of sulphonated perfluorinated polymer having pores partially filled with zirconyl phosphate.    USE -   The membrane is useful for hydrogen and methanol fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE -   The deposition of zirconyl phosphate in the pores of the membrane minimises the diffusion of methanol and water from the anode to the cathode compartment of fuel cells thus improving the performance of the fuel cell.
The method involves deriving co-efficient value based on battery operation control condition. The battery supplies electric power according to the chemical reaction. Hot gas and air are supplied to the battery for computing the gate utilization factor. The residual amount of electrolyte present in the battery is calculated based on the temperature of water used for cooling the battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents deterioration of cell caused by electrolyte insufficiency. Stabilizes operation.
The battery has an electrolyte layer (1) provided between a fuel pole layer (2a) and an air pole layer (2b). A porous material (3a,3b) is arranged on each pole. Heating gas and oxidizing gas are supplied from respective sides (4a,4b). The edges of the porous material is filled up with heat-resistant, acid-proof fine particles along the direction of gas passage. The mean particle diameter of the acid-proof particles is 15-30% of the pore size of the porous material.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers high filling factor. Provides reliable wet sealing property for prolonged time.
The electrode consists of a fabric textile made of carbon fibre (5).    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces weight and cost of fuel battery.
The equipment consists of a cooling system driven by AC power for performing a thermal storage to a thermal storage agent. A storage battery (16) provided in the equipment is charged by AC power during a charging and thermal storage operation mode prior to the conveyance of goods. Electric power is supplied from the storage battery to a microcomputer based control device (21) and a fan for cold air circulation inside the goods storage chamber of the equipment during a cold storage operation mode and the goods are cooled at the time of conveyance after the charging and thermal storage operation mode.    The energization to the control device is continued during an electric supply continuation operation mode by the storage battery after the cold storage operation mode. The electric supply continuation operation mode is finished when the goods storage chamber attains a predetermined temperature rise after the cold storage operation mode based on the detection signal from a chamber interior temperature sensor (23).    USE -   In conveyance of cold storage commodities through motor vehicles like trucks.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates excessive discharge of electric power from storage battery by stopping power fed to control device after attaining predetermined temperature rise of storage chamber. Prevents life of storage battery from being shortened. Prevents charging of storage battery from taking long time.
The system consists of a fuel battery (100) which has main body (101) formed with an anode (103) and a cathode (102). A first substance containing oxygen and a second substance containing hydrogen are supplied to the anode and cathode of the battery main body. The electrode process of the first and second substances is performed with the anode and the cathode.    A steam line (401) is provided for extracting the exhaust gas containing steam ejected from the cathode of the battery main body. A chamber interior heat exchanger (402) is provided inside the room which is to be air conditioned. An indoor air conditioning is performed by the chamber interior heat exchanger using the exhaust gas supplied through the steam line.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs heating and humidification by combining fuel battery with air conditioner and using exhaust gas heat from cathode of fuel battery. Achieves high operating efficiency. Reduces impurity of steam in exhaust gas of cathode.
The cover structure has a cover (3) which covers the upper part of the carrier main body (2) of a battery carrier (1). Several batteries (Bt) are arranged horizontally at a predetermined space in the carrier main body. The cover is made hollow so that a ventilation flue (4) is formed inside.    Air is sent to the ventilation flue by a fan (5) provided in one side of the cover. Air is blown off from the ventilation flue toward each battery through the air outlets (37a-37d) provided in the inner lid part (35) of the cover.    ADVANTAGE -   Several batteries can be cooled uniformly using simple structure. Allows smooth flow of air by providing guide wall which guides air from ventilation flue to air outlet, thus improving cooling efficiency.
The device has a collision detector (66) that senses the collision of a vehicle. A power supply circuit breaker (CB) breaks a fusible link (20) to cut-off the connection between a battery (BT) and the vehicle mounted electrical goods, during a collision detection.    The fusible link and the power supply circuit breaker are provided between the electrical equipment goods and the battery. A reset switch (58) returns the electrical power supply to the electrical equipment goods from the battery using another path, by external operation. Preferably, the reset switch is provided in parallel to the power supply circuit breaker.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents generation of fire during vehicle collision. Enables securing execution of quick security treatment. Performs security treatment using cut-off electrical equipment goods by will of operator after collision.
The fuel cell device (2) has at least one high temperature fuel cell stack (4), at least partially enclosed by an outer wall (10) at a given relative spacing, to provide an exhaust gas space (20) between them.    The exhaust gas is discharged from the fuel cell device via the exhaust gas space, which incorporates a heat exchanger (24), for heating an operating medium for the fuel cell device.    ADVANTAGE -   Compact device with recovery of waste heat for heating fuel cell operating medium.    .
A high temperature fuel cell (4, 5) has chromium-containing interconnector plates (6) which bear, on the cathode-facing side, a coating (28) comprising a surface layer (30) of nickel and an overlying layer (32) of aluminium. Preferably, the surface layer (30) is a 10-100 thick layer containing 90 wt.% Ni and the overlying layer (32) is a 10-20 thick layer containing 90 wt.% Al. The coating is preferably provided on the side walls (24) and bases (26) of parallel channels in the plate surface (16). Also claimed is a high temperature fuel cell stack (2) with several of the above fuel cells (4, 5).    ADVANTAGE -   The coating prevents evaporation of chromium compounds from the interconnector plates so that functioning and power of the fuel cell are improved.
Determination of material conversion during surface electrochemical reactions is carried out in a local region between a counter-electrode surface and an electrode surface having a contact element segment, which corresponds to the surface region, and a contact element which contacts the remaining surface and which is electrically insulated from the contact element segment. The novelty is that (a) both the contact element (34) and the contact element segment (34s) are connected to a reaction current source or sink (90); and (b) the magnetic field, generated about a current conductor (44) between the contact element segment (34s) and the current source or sink (90), is determined as a measurement of the material conversion in the local region (40). Also claimed is an electrochemical unit in which the above process is carried out.    USE -   For determining material conversion in e.g. electrolytic reactions or reactions in fuel cells or batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The process allows material conversion determination in a simple manner using a single current source or sink for both the contact element and the contact element segment.
Electrolysis plant composed of a number of membrane cells (2) made up of membranes (4) coated with electrically conducting material which are in contact with plates (5). These plates contain flow paths for the electrolyte (water) and generated gas. The coating is also connected to a computer that calculates the decay time after power across a membrane has been switched off.    USE -   Electrolytic production of hydrogen from water, particularly for use in nuclear reactors.    ADVANTAGE -   High production rates under especially safe conditions. A compact assembly.
The battery protection trough is designed so that the battery (5) is in the installed position is arranged at the edge region of a trough (8), in which it can be pushed in the event of a vehicle crash. The battery (5) is surrounded by a housing (6), which with a vehicle crash is displaced (arrow direction a').    The trough is provided in the base/floor (4) of the luggage compartment or in the body work from part of a car. The trough is made of plastic and is introduced as an insert part in the luggage compartment floor.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures that with crash battery is not destroyed.
Production of a joint between two or more initial products, namely ceramic or powdered metal green products or pre-sintered products comprises adhering with a film with adhesive on both sides.    USE -   For housings, condensers, heat exchangers, fuel cells and actuators.    ADVANTAGE -   Can be used at room temperature with minimal pressure.
A housing for a low temperature fuel cell stack has a cross-section matched to the geometry of the stack and a changing wall thickness with several stiffening ribs running in the direction of the housing's main axis. There is a housing lid (11) and a housing base(13) on both ends. The stack can be tensioned between lid and base. The housing is manufactured by extrusion, drawing, pressing, tixocasting or spray moulding. On the ends of the ribs, devices are present for detachable fastening of the lid or base. The housing is made of light metal or plastic. It is installed on board a car.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers protection against external mechanical effects and acts anchor for pressing fuel stack together.
A hybrid fuel cell (10) comprises; (a) Proton permeable dense phase (17) having an anode (12) and a cathode (11) on opposite sides. (b) Acid electrolyte (15) between the anode and the dense phase, and base electrolyte (16) between the cathode and the dense phase. Typically the dense phase is palladium hydride, the acid electrolyte is concentrated phosphoric acid in a silicon carbide matrix, and the base electrolyte is concentrated potassium hydroxide in a potassium hexatitanate matrix. The anode and cathode are coated in electrocatalyst layers (13,14).    USE -   Fuel cells and electrochemical reactors.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrolyte system combines the best features of alkaline fuel cells and phosphoric acid fuel cells.
Flexible graphite sheet, having decreased electrical resistivity through the thickness and improved sealability perpendicular to the thickness, is made by: (i) forming a mixture of a coarser natural graphite flake sized at at least 80 wt.% 20x50 mesh and 25-75 wt.% of finer natural graphite having at least 80 wt.% at 50x80 mesh; (ii) treating the blend with an intercalating solution; (iii) heating the blend to exfoliate the flake into a mixture of larger and smaller, expanded vermicular particles; and (iv) passing the blend through pressure rolls to form a sheet of predetermined thickness such that the resistivity through the thickness decreases with increasing amounts of the finer component.    ADVANTAGE -   The anisotropy with respect to electrical resistivity is reduced by the addition of the finer component, whilst a coarser component is necessary to maintain adequate strength.
The device has a DC motor (1). The revolving shaft of the DC motor is rotated unidirectionally by an external force and a DC is generated. The generated DC is passed to a pair of terminals (1a,2a) through a conductor (3).    An electrical double layer capacitor (2) connected between the terminals stores the generated DC. The revolving shaft is rotated by the stored DC in the direction of applied external force.    USE -   Used as electric flywheel in electric bicycle, electric vehicle, hybrid motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies structure by avoiding usage of invertor circuit and control circuit. Provides high reliability.
The system consists of an electrical double layer capacitor (14) which is connected to a battery (12) through a charger (13). The capacitor is connected to an electric motor (11). When electricity is generated during deceleration of vehicle by braking, the capacitor is charged thereby charging the battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases energy accumulation efficiency. Utilizes battery of optimum capacity.
The frame (60) has two pairs of manifolds (61) and slits (62) in all its four sides.    ADVANTAGE -   Alleviates heterogeneity of cell reaction by separately performing exhaust and supply of electrolyte. Prevents partial over charge and over discharge. Reduces leakage current.
The battery includes a cell to which electrolyte is supplied from tanks (3,4) through circulation paths (51a,51b). Bypass lines (12a,12b,13a,13b) are provided in the circulation path (50a,50b) and are connected to cleaning liquid storage tank (14a,14b). Drive units (18a,18b) change the circulation direction of cleaning liquid to cell and reverses the circulation direction of electrolyte.    ADVANTAGE -   Removes foreign material, such as garbage, clogging at electrode. Avoids degradation of voltage efficiency.
The system (20) sucks in air through a cooling duct (60) from a cabin (14) of a car (10), air-conditioned by an air conditioner (16). The air is sucked by a cooling fan (62) for cooling a battery (12) installed in a battery chamber (18). The battery is maintained within a predetermined temperature range. In the circulation mode, the cooling air is returned to the cabin via a circulation duct (66) by a switching damper (70). In an ejection mode, the cooled air is discharged outside from the battery chamber via a jet pipe (68). In a partial exhaust mode, a part of the cooled air is discharged and the remaining air is returned to the cabin. A battery ECU (74) selects the circulation mode, the ejection mode or the partial exhaust mode depending upon the temperature of the battery detected by a battery temperature detector (76). If the detected temperature is more than a predetermined value, the air is discharged outside in the ejection mode by the battery ECU.    ADVANTAGE -   Performs battery cooling efficiently without increasing load on air-conditioner and pressure failure in vehicle cabin.
The unit includes a motor drive circuit (13) connected to a secondary battery (12). An induction motor is driven by a motor drive circuit.    A charger (11) charges the battery. The motor winding, the secondary battery, a drive element provided in the motor drive circuit are connected serially between the ends of the charger.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids need for large switching unit. Unnecessitates separate AC reactor. Suppresses heat generation. Reduces charging current passing through flywheel and diode.
The system includes a drive unit (1) which operates a fuel production unit (3) for generating hydrogen fuel. A power generating device (2) is operated based on the hydrogen fuel. The electrolysis of water is performed in the fuel production unit for generating hydrogen and oxygen.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates utilisation of fuel by performing electrolysis of water.
The system has a fuel battery (31) which is provided with an inverter (32) and provided for steam generated power generating plant. A main power supply (34) is provided for steam generated power generating plant. The fuel battery back-up the power supply system during of stoppage of power supply with the mains power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves reliability of power supply system during tripping of mains power supply due to lightning.
The system has a main power supply (20) and a supplement power supply (30) which respectively supply electric power with constant voltage from the battery (10) of vehicles to ECUs (ECU1,ECU4) mounted in the vehicles. A failure judging apparatus (60) determines the failure of the main power supply. The supply from the supplement power supply is cut off and the supply of the constant voltage by the main power supply is maintained during a failure.    A supply switching unit, which consists of semiconductor components (40,50), AND gate (66) and inverter (67), is switched during a failure to cut off the supply from the main power supply and permit the supply from the supplement power supply. A network communication system, which includes communication units (90,T1,T4) and communication wire (91), performs the communication control of the ECUs. A main CPU (80) commands, during the failure, to stop the supply from the supplement power supply to one of the ECUs via the network communication system depending on the condition of the vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Utilises communication function of network of ECUs effectively.
The apparatus has an inverter (6) to drive a motor (1) using electric power from a battery (3). An output limiting unit limits the output of the motor, when the detected battery voltage (VPDU) is less than a reference voltage (VREF). A discharge current detector (S1) detects discharge current (IPDU) across the battery. The output limitation unit reduces the reference voltage depending on increase in detected battery discharge current (IPDU).    ADVANTAGE -   Delays output limitation of motor. Avoids damage of battery due to excess discharge.
The system has an inverter (6) which converts DC electric power of a main battery (3) into an AC electric power to drive a motor (1). A main contactor (13) and a precharge contactor (14) are provided between the main battery and the inverter. A capacitor (17) which is provided inside the inverter is charged by closing the precharge contactor.    The charging continues till a precharging current (IP/C) which is detected by a current detector (S1) lies below a reference level (IREF) stopped by closing the main contactor which is done by a control unit (10) when the precharging current exceeds the reference level before the predetermined time.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not damage main contactor.
The battery includes a battery case (17) in which cells (16) are arranged. Vents (18) are formed on lower wall of the case for air circulation so that the cells are cooled. A sensor attachment hole (22) is provided in the upper wall (17a) of the case. A temperature sensor (21) is detachedly inserted in the sensor attachment hole such that its temperature detection tip (23a) contacts the cell.    USE -   For cars.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates replacing temperature sensor when failed so that repairing cost is lessened. Detects cell temperature reliably by maintaining reliable contact with sensor tip. Protects temperature sensor from vibration impact of vehicle.
The apparatus has an oxidising agent supply unit which supplies oxidising agent to a gas containing CO in a reactor. The reactor has several coupling chambers provided with oxidising agent supply pipes separately. CO present in the gas is removed by circulating the gas with the oxidising agent.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces quantity of oxidising agent supplied. Prevents damage of electrode contact piece. Prevents reduction in electricity generation capability. Reduces size of reactor.
The method involves supplying air and hot gas to an air pole of the battery, at varying levels. The cell voltage and direct current are measured in each case. The mean oxygen concentration near the inlet and outlet of the air pole are measured. The cell voltage in pure oxygen concentration is estimated. The oxygen gain is computed from the difference between the estimated cell voltage and the rated cell voltage corresponding to specific air mass flow. The gaseous diffusion performance of the air pole is obtained from the calculated oxygen gain.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids damage to fuel battery. Enables exactly diagnosing characteristics, thereby improving reliability.
The assembly includes a flow path formation member (4) that is provided between the cells, facing the oxygen content gas passageway and fuel gas passageway. The flow path formation member has an integrated projection (R) which partitions the oxygen content gas passageway and the fuel gas passageway. Multiple electrically conductive portions (Dr) are provided on either sides of the flow path formation member. A set of electrically conductive portions (7) are arranged on a board which is placed on the flow path formation member facing the oxygen content gas passageway. The electrically conductive portions facing the fuel side connects the electrically conductive portion on the other side of the fuel path formation member, with the fuel pole.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies assembling.
The cell has a substrate containing phosphoric acid arranged between a fuel pole catalyst layer (2) and an air pole catalyst layer (3). A fuel pole and air pole base materials (4,5) are formed on fuel pole and air pole catalyst layers, respectively. A heating gas passage (7) and an air passage (8) are provided in the fuel pole and air pole base material, respectively. Slits (10) are provided at either sides of the fuel pole base material. Heat resistant and acid-proof fine particles are filled in the slit.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids leakage of reaction gas.
The cell has fuel pole provided at circumference of a solid electrolyte layer (1). An oxygen pole side projection (1S) and fuel pole side projection (1F) are provided along thickness direction of a solid electrolyte layer. The projections are provided in a condition which forms a flow path vent for passage of oxygen and full gas, respectively.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies assembly of full battery.
The structure includes a reaction gas passageway which is formed near a reservoir (1) which maintains the electrolyte. The gas passageway is divided into several areas, such that the gas flows through all areas sequentially. The cross-section of the area of the downstream side gas passageway is lesser than that of the area of the upstream side gas passageway.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces pressure loss. Enables storing sufficient quantity of electrolyte.
The fuel electrode includes a palladium or palladium alloy foil or conductive carbon mesh, on which electroplating of platinum group catalyst is carried out. The palladium or palladium alloy foil is hot pressed by thermal decomposition of a glazing liquid.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids deterioration of output when carbon monoxide containing hydrogen is used.
The electrode (7) consists of a lead alloy sheet (1) with many through holes (2) laminated with an oxidation resistant sheet (3). Active material (6) is filled in the through holes. An acid proof oxidation resistant sheet (4) is formed by hydrophilisation of the oxidation resistant sheet.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides lead storage battery of high energy density.
The battery has a resin coated terminal in which the resin is moulded along the periphery of arc electric pole (8). A cylinder shaped or ring elastic member is interposed between the resin (10) and the electric pole.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need for welding and complicated assembly process, thereby reduces battery cost.
The terminal has a sleeve (12) which is covered by a cover (2). A through hole (14) is formed in the lower surface of the sleeve. An upper portion of an electric pole (8) is inserted into the through hole. A packing (13) is attached to the lower surface of the electric pole. The lower surface of the sleeve fuses and contacts the upper portion of the packing material.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents welding. Improves air resistance. Is reliable.
The terminal consists of an electrode holder (39) provided with a base (33) and a pressure board (41). A bolt (49) passes through the base and the pressure board, to engage a nut (55). A bolt side lever (51) is fixed orthogonal to the bolt. A bolt side coupling rod (51) is rotatably coupled to the free end of the bolt side lever. A nut side lever (57) is fixed orthogonal to the nut. A nut side coupling rod (59) is rotatably coupled to the nut side lever. A connecting shaft (61) couples the free ends of the nut side and the bolt side coupling rods, rotatably.    ADVANTAGE -   Stabilizes press power of connecting shaft, for bolting.
The battery includes a cathode (2) which is obtained by coating negative electrode active material on a collector object (13). An anode is obtained by coating a positive active material layer (10) onto a collector object. A separator (9) is arranged between the anode and the cathode. This arrangement is dipped in an non-aqueous electrolyte. The separator is attached with a porous polyimide film (11) containing pores having diameter of 5 micrometer or less.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents short circuit and suppresses generation of internal heat thereby improves reliability of battery.
A battery container is provided with an insulating layer of synthetic resin coating on its inner side. A recess is provided in the lateral portion of the battery container.    USE -   For electric vehicles, deferment power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Diffuses heat radiation equally.
The switch includes a main switching unit (1) having switching contacts (x1,x2) through which a high voltage battery is connected to a load (5). A pair of MOSFET (Q2,Q3) are connected in series with one of the switching contacts.    The MOSFETs and the switching contacts of the switch module are operated based on a control signal which is input into input terminals (I1,I2). The MOSFETs are switched ON after the switch ON of the switching contacts for connecting the load with the battery. The MOSFETs are turned OFF before switching OFF of the switching contacts for disconnecting the load.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents arc discharge between main switch contacts during OFF operation. Prevents variation in switch OFF time. Prevents malfunctioning of switch. Performs reliable switching control of MOSFETs. Performs cut off at high speed.
The lead acid accumulator has a container (2) with at least one hole (4) defining a vent duct for the discharge to atmosphere of gases developed in the accumulator. A porous filtering element (90) is disposed in the duct to allow gases but prevent the electrolyte passing through. The filtering element is constituted by a porous substrate (92) covered by a polytetra-fluoroethylene membrane (94).    Also claimed is a plug or closure element (5) for a topping-up hole of the accumulator, the plug having a central cylindrical portion (50) and an adjacent enlarged end portion (52) defining an annular bearing seat for the filtering element.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows vented gases to escape from the battery whilst filtering electrolyte which may be attached in aerosol form. The membrane covering provides flame proofing, preventing propagation of flames into the accumulator from the exterior. Excessive pressure in the accumulator is discharged locally due to release by the pressure element.
Rolled electrodes and separators are enclosed in a battery container comprising a cylindrical inner portion (2) and a cylindrical outer portion (4) with ring-shaped end plates (5). During manufacture, electrolyte solution is injected via a hole in an end plate and the hole is sealed subsequently.    In one example, 100 cells are connected in series to provide about 300V for an electric motor in an electric powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Internal pressure and electrolyte leakage are avoided and heat developed in the cells is readily dissipated as insulating covers are not required.
The holder, especially for a series of accumulator batteries used to power an electric vehicle, consists of horizontal supports (14), each carrying one battery (16), situated on either side of a hollow central column (12) which contains a battery charger.    Each of the horizontal supports has a flat base, two side panels extending parallel to the central column, and a raised edge (26) on the remaining side. Each of the side panels (24) has a horizontal section extending from the central column and a sloping section reducing in height towards the outer edge. Each support has a perforated base, and the column has apertures for supply cables.    ADVANTAGE -   More convenient and quicker battery maintenance.
Production of an ion-exchange membrane comprising a polymer film comprises activating the film, grafting dissolved styrene and chloromethyl styrene on the film and functionalising the grafted groups by sulphonation using a sulphonation agent and then hydrolysing using a basic solution to give sulphonate groups on the styrene and alcohol groups on the chloromethyl styrene. The above obtained membrane, a separator and a fuel cell for alcohol-based fuel incorporating it are also claimed and the production of the separator by metallising the above membrane on both sides.    USE -   Used as a separator in a fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Good mechanical properties, particularly electron transport and electrochemical activity and low transmission of ethanol.
A fuel cell has, at the anode (3) side remote from the electrolyte (2), a barrier layer (4) which is impermeable to fuel but permeable to atomic or molecular hydrogen so that the catalytic anode (3) effects oxidation of the hydrogen passing through the barrier layer (4), while the catalyst, contacting the side of the barrier layer (4) remote from the anode (3), effects fuel reformation to produce hydrogen.    USE -   As a fuel cell for methanol passage (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The barrier layer (especially of hydride-forming metal such as Pd or Pd-Si alloy) provides fuel reforming directly at the anode. The design separates the fuel (e.g. methanol) from the electrolyte, thus avoiding the fuel loss and inhibited cathode reaction problems of direct methanol fuel cells and allowing the electrolyte to be made of 'Nafion' (RTM), phosphoric acid or even alkaline material.
The cooling system for a motor vehicle battery has a housing (3) accepting the battery (2) and at the same time forming intermediate spaces (a). By which on one side conducts a connecting line to the outside air. Whilst on the other side, the air existing in the intermediate spaces is sucked across a suction line. The suction line (5) communicates with a suction system of the IC engine (10).    The suction line (5) leads in the suction region (6') of a suction noise damper (air filter housing (6)).    ADVANTAGE -   Air suction for cooling is obtained without additional set such as air pump or similar.
The electrochemical double-layer capacitor has a porous double layer electrode containing an electrolyte, and a porous hydrogen electrode, with an ion conductive membrane between them. An electronic conductive contact layer is on the sides of the double layer and hydrogen electrodes, on the sides away from the ion conductive membrane. The double layer electrode is of carbon containing an electrolyte of poly(perfluoroalkyl)sulphone acid. The hydrogen electrode is of platinum or a platinum alloy. The contact layers are carbon paper.    USE -   The double layer capacitor is used in combination with polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells for electro traction.    ADVANTAGE -   The double layer capacitor has a high capacity in relation to volume and weight.
A modular electric storage battery (10) contains a housing (11) with battery cells (14) and a top member bonded, heat sealed or connected by any other means to the housing,. preferably made of a thermoplastic material such as polypropylene. The cells are preferably thin metal lead-acid batteries and have positive and negative terminals at opposing ends, which are connected in series through straps (20). The cells are further connected to positive and negative terminals (22,24), to form a 12 volt 1.2 amp/hour capacity battery.    The terminals are of the quick connect type and aligning features area provided, to ensure proper interconnection of the battery terminals. The modular battery can be configured as a flashlight or other device or can provide a jump starting capability, while the base unit can be adapted to receive several sizes of modular battery.    USE -   Supply of electric power for variety of applications    ADVANTAGE -   Easy removal and replacement of discharged batteries
The accessories (12,13,14) are driven by a belt from a pulley at the end of the crankshaft (11). The pulley has a variable speed transmission ratio so that accessories can be driven at differing speeds to the crankshaft speed. The pulley driving the power steering pump (13) can be engaged and released.    The transmission ratio of the crankshaft pulley and engagement of the power steering pump pulley are controlled by a microprocessor unit (7), which makes drive proportional to engine speed up to a set threshold, then reduces the transmission ratio. The microprocessor monitors steering wheel position to activate the power steering pump. Engine and driving conditions are also taken into account by the microprocessor.    USE -   Drive for alternator, power steering pump and air conditioning compressor.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows different accessories to be driven at the speed best suited to their most effective operation, improving performance and efficiency of accessories, and decoupling them when not needed, reducing load on engine.
A drive system for a vehicle comprises a gas turbine unit(3) with an output shaft(4). A steam power unit comprising a steam turbine(5) with a steam turbine input shaft and output shaft(6,7) is coupled to the output shaft of the turbine unit via the steam turbine input shaft(6).    An exhaust pipe(16) on the gas turbine unit is coupled to a steam generator(13) forming part of the steam power unit. The steam turbine output shaft is coupled directly to the output shaft of the gas turbine unit.    ADVANTAGE -   Improved overall efficiency making use of all heat losses to generate electricity.
A two-part catalyst comprises a dehydrogenation portion and an oxide-ion conducting portion. A method of forming a hydrogen rich gas from a source of hydrocarbon fuel involves contacting the fuel with the above catalyst at 400 C min. for a time sufficient to generate the gas while maintaining the carbon monoxide content to less than 5 vol.%.    Preferably the dehydrogenation portion includes a Group VIII metal, especially palladium and/or platinum, or a group VIII metal other than nickel. The oxide-ion conducting portion is a ceramic oxide doped with a rare earth especially gandolinium and/or samarium and an alkali or alkaline earth metal, and can include a ceramic oxide of zirconium, cerium, bismuth, bismuth.vanadium and/or lanthanum/gallium and a dopant selected from rare earths, alkaline earth and alkali metals. The catalyst is effective at temperatures 500-900 C, and the fuel is gasoline, natural gas rich in alkanes, a gas containing branched alkanes, or alkanes.    USE -   For use in forming hydrogen rich gas from source of hydrocarbon fuel especially for use in fuel cells e.g. for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides effective conversion to hydrogen rich gas while minimising formation of carbon dioxide.
The bicycle includes a pair of tubes (12,15) in a frame in which a steering port and a seat port are fixed respectively. The tubes are connected with upper and lower tubes (20,21) to define the trapezoidal structure. A cartridge having a cylindrical insulating case is disposed within the lower tube. The inseries circuit of the battery cells accommodated in the case and connected to an output terminal.    Outlets (01-06) are mounted on the upper tube and connected to the output terminal. Plugs (29,32,42) of the accessories like head light (27), tail light (30) and external light (39,42) of the helmet are inserted in the outlets. A cartridge supporting portion (21S) of the lower tube is removable from fixed sections (21A,21B) for battery cell exchange.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates supply of required electric power to different accessories. Reduces interference of battery cells with other portions of bicycle. Facilitates replacement of battery cells.
Between two batteries (2,3), tightly adjacent to them, is a common heat storage medium container (8). In side surfaces adjacent to the batteries is an electrically driven battery heater (6,7). When the motor is in operation, the heater not only heats the batteries but also the heat storage medium (9) enclosed in the container.    When the motor ceases to operate, heat energy is transmitted to the batteries. The heat storage container is formed by an extruded tubular profile with end connections at its respective ends. It incorporates a closable filling aperture for the heat storage medium. The electrical battery heater is formed by an electrically conductive plastic component which is driven by the batteries or by another current source, e.g. a solar cell or a wind generator, only whilst the motor is in operation.    USE -   To increase battery capacity of cold starting.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases ability of vehicle to be started from cold, having regard for fact that battery capacity drops by approximately 1 per cent per degree celsius.
The drive circuit has two power supplies (4,5) connected to an injection coil (1). A transistor switch (2) operated by an injection control circuit (3) is connected in series with the injection coil. A capacitor (C1) is charged, whenever voltage is detected in a magneto coil (W1). The capacitor voltage is used to drive the injection coil.    Based on detection of drive voltage, the switch allows a holding current to flow from power supply (5). The injection coil is energised, when the drive current from the capacitor exceeds the hold current. The hold current is made to exist corresponding to magneto voltage in the capacitor.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to generate drive voltage without using DC-DC converter. Enables high speed injector drive voltage.
The alloy contains predetermined amounts of Ti, Cr and Mn. The alloy cast from molten metal mixture has microstructure consisting of a BCC single phase or BCC+C14 Laves phase multiphase of MgZn2 type crystal structure. The BCC phase makes 50% or more of the total weight. The lattice constant of BCC phase is set to 0.2950-0.3100nm.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not require using expensive alloy elements. Excels in hydrogen absorption and release ability. Aids in profitable manufacture by saving raw material consumed. Finds wide range of application.
The cooling system provides a passage way (37) which connects an atmosphere through an inlet (35). An outlet (36) is provided for the air passage way which surrounds it perimeter of a battery pack (3). An opening and closing valve (33) which opens and closes the inner opening is provided. The opening and closing valve operation depending upon the temperature of the battery. An exhaust port (44) is provided near to opening and closing valve. A suction type fan is fitted with air passage way which sucks a cool air through the inlet opening or sucks a warm air when the battery is cool.    USE -   Power assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates control of battery temperature.Provides warm wind from cooling system of motor to warm battery or provides cool wind from atmosphere for cooling of battery.
The apparatus (10) consists of a warm water circuit (16) for circulating water to a heat exchanger (86) using a pump (84). The heat exchanger supplies heat to the air being supplied into a compartment (14) of an electric vehicle (12). A reserve tank (90) provides supplement water to the warm water circuit and a radiator (106) when water in them lowers.    The reserve tank has a water pouring opening (S4) at its top and is fitted with a pipe (108) to supply water to the radiator. The radiator forms the heat exchanger in a cooling circuit (22) supplying cool water to a battery (20) using a pump (104). The battery supplies electrical energy for running a motor (18) provided in the cooling circuit.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces number of parts and thus manufacturing cost. Improves operation effectively.
The element has a part (1) which provides the electrical connection between the fuel cells (5), a part (2) for supply and/or discharge of the operating medium, a part (3) for gas-tight separation of the anode and cathode spaces and a sealing ring (4).    The first part is U-shaped and acts as a container for the remaining parts fitted between the adjacent fuel cells, with the sealing ring positioned on its outside for providing a seal between the fuel cell electrolyte and the first part.    ADVANTAGE -   Low-cost coupling element providing secure connection between adjacent fuel cells.
Aqueous, water containing and non-aqueous solutions (I) of acid group functionalised polymers are prepared by heating by microwave radiation.    Also claimed are (i) a process for the production of a solid polymer by concentration and drying of the solution (I); and (ii) the resulting solid polymer.    Preferably the acid groups are sulphonic-, phosphoric-, carboxylic and/or boric acid groups. The solvent is water, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulphoxide and/or an alcohol.    USE -   The solutions (I) are useful for the production of gas diffusion electrodes, fuel cells and polymer electrolyte stabilised platinum nano-particles.    ADVANTAGE -   Heating of the mixture by microwave radiation does not cause decomposition of the polymer.
The power pack is for supplying power to a load or consumer arranged directly or via a convertor in an unstabilised direct current branch of the power pack. The power pack has a buffer capacitor (C) which can be charged from the dc branch. The buffer capacitor (C) powers the dc branch if the mains fails or is interrupted for more than a predetermined minimum time. The capacitor (C) lies at the voltage (U1) of the dc branch via a high Ohmic charging resistance (R).    A diode (D) is connected in parallel with the resistor (R). This powers the load from the buffer capacitor (C) when the input voltage falls below a minimum level (Um). A voltage limiter (Dz) is connected in parallel with the buffer capacitor (C). This limits the voltage at the capacitor essentially to the minimum voltage of the dc branch to be expected in normal operation.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides simple and inexpensive, reliable and efficient power pack with back up supply in case of failure.
Solar power supply apparatus consists of a battery module in which the energy generated by solar cells is formed integrally with the solar cells and the energy accumulated in the battery module is supplied to a load connected to the battery module.    The residual amount of energy accumulated in the battery module is displayed on an energy residual amount indicator.
A sec. cell comprising two electrode means, and an electrolyte, one or more of the electrode means comprises a redox polymer material (I), (I) changes oxidation state to transfer charge and is from: (poly)pyridyl complexes of iron, ruthenium, osmium, chromium, tungsten, or nickel; tetra (4-aminophenyl) porphyrin and poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidylether; iron tetra (4-aminophenyl) porphyrin and poly(ethyleneglycol) diglycidyl ether; and epoxy copolymer of iron tetra (4-aminophenyl) porphorin; tetra (4-aminophenyl) porphyrin; metal complexes of cyclam, metal complexes of crown ethers and metallocenes.    USE -   Advanced batteries and, in particular, to batteries having a long cycle lifetime, for use in consumer electronic devices and vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrodes can be discharged and recharged many times without degradation, and exhibit extremely long cycle life.
Iron material (I) and water are reacted in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide catalyst (II) to form hydrogen in situ.    USE -   On board generation of H2 for the fuel cell of an electric powered vehicle (claimed) where low temperature steam or heated water is passed over an iron bed in a reactor.    ADVANTAGE -   Rapid conversion rates. Spent metal oxide can be regenerated with a reducing gas e.g. reformed natural gas.
The detector includes a detection unit (17) to judge the voltage of a battery (16). A remote controller (10) transmits an operation signal to a receiver mounted to the vehicle using the battery.    An LED (19a) and a buzzer (19b) output warning signal, when the remnant capacity of the battery becomes below a predetermined value. A controller (15) transmits, warning signal, when the frequency (N) of detected of cell voltage (V) deviates from a predetermined level.    USE -   For operating engine, release of door lock, theft warning, auto-light cancellation in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves battery expiry warning accuracy.
The electrolyte contains a supporting agent that produces a halide acid on reaction with water. A complexing compound is added to the supporting agent to form an inactive complex.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents deterioration of battery.
The battery module has several sodium sulphur batteries arranged in a metallic vessel (3). Several such metallic vessels are installed in a heat insulation container (1).    USE -   For electric power storage apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables easy handling and battery exchange. Prevents active material leakage and damage to adjacent cells. Prevents battery rupture and setting.
The thin film contains 6-2 mol.% of yttrium oxide and 2- 20 mol.% of a mixture of more than one compound chosen from Al2 O3 , Bi2 O3 , Cr2 O3 and Fe2 O3 included in ZrO2.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves mechanical strength of electrolyte thin film.
NOVELTY - The method involves preparing a precursor solution containing bivalent tin ion and hydrolysing in a non- oxidising atmosphere to form precipitate. The precipitate generated in the precursor solution is then dried in a non- oxidising atmosphere.    USE -   For non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery used in portable electronic equipment and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Charging and discharging capacity of the battery using this electrode is high. Energy density of the battery is increased by using this cathode active material.
The assembly includes positive and negative electrode boards (51,52). Major portions (51b,52b) of the electrode boards are coated with active material. Anode and cathode terminals are connected to the portions (51c,52c) of the electrode boards which are not coated with active material.    USE -   For electrically driven bicycle.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases contact area of electrode board and electrode terminal. Reduces contact resistance. Improves reliability of battery cell.
The cell includes a polar group inside a container. The polar group is comprised by positive pole (1), negative electrode and a separator in between. Active materials (2,7) are distributed on one side of the positive pole and negative electrode respectively.    USE -   For use as deferment type power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses internal heat generation. Provides safety for lithium cell.
The apparatus includes an internal resistance measurement unit (10) which is connected in parallel to a load (5). The internal resistance measurement unit measures internal resistance of a battery (3).    A remaining capacity calculation unit (21) is connected in series with the battery and the internal resistance measurement unit via a relay (11). The remaining capacity calculation unit displays the first stage capacity of the battery based on the measured internal resistance, in a display unit (23).    USE -   For electrical vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Calculates accurate initial capacity of battery. Facilitates calculating of capacity of battery, easily.
The system includes a fuel battery (1) that supplies power to a fluctuating load (4) in case of a steady load state. An absorption unit (5) absorbs the excess energy applied to fluctuating load, when energy required for fluctuating load is less than steady load state.    When energy required for fluctuating load is larger than energy required during steady load state, the energy absorbed by the absorption unit is supplied. A controller adjusts energy level between the fuel battery and the absorption unit.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables tracking of load fluctuation, reliably.
The circuit (5) has a DC power line for signal transmission connected to a power supply plug (4) inserted into an opening with an LED (13) and a photodiode (14). A mirror (4b) is in the power supply plug. A relay (11) is used for selecting either the direct connection between electric supply path and current carrier or between the electric supply path and current carrier through a low-pass filter (10), mirror, LED and photodiode.    USE -   For vehicle-mounted electronic device.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents interference due to communication data mixing by providing low-pass filter. Uses power supply plug which is connectable by inserting to plug, and does not have vertical or horizontal directionality, by making reflective mirror circular in shape.
The coupler consists of a starter relay (35) and several main and sub fuses (36,37,42,43). The relay and fuses are provided at the front side whereas a hinge (38) and a back lid (39) are provided at the back side so that they are opened and closed.    The starter relay is arranged on the upper part of one of the terminals of the battery and the fuses are arranged above the other terminal. Waterproof units are provided between the terminals of the starter relay.    ADVANTAGE -   Makes size compact. Simplifies exchange of fuse.
The system (200) includes an endoscope with a flexible soft component and an insertion component whose remote curving angle is controlled by a hand operating unit. An objective lens is provided at the end of the endoscope to perform the vision observation of an observed object.    An endoscope processor (4) performs assistance that includes the illumination of the endoscope. Electric power from a battery (6) and a DC dynamo (7d) are supplied to the endoscope processor.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures convenient utilisation since it can be conveyed even in place AC power source is not available. Prevents loss of water container since it is detachably built in endoscope processor. Discharging or supplying of water to water container by pump is also conveniently performed even in place without AC power source.
The pack (1) has a recessed area (2) in the centre of one surface for insertion of a battery charger (7) to charge the batteries. Battery contacts (3) are provided in the recessed area for connection to the charger.    The side walls of the recessed area have locking projections (4) to mate with the charger and a restraint is provided to hold the chargers power cord. The restraint is a groove extending from the recessed area to one of the side walls of the pack.    ADVANTAGE -   The pack can be recharged without a large scale charger or a special purpose connecting cord. The recess can also be used as a handle.
The system comprises an electric lock for the door of a motor car and its associated control and power supply. The opening of the lock is ensured electrically by an actuator which is powered by the battery (101) of the vehicle. In the event of the failure of this battery, the lock can be opened by a further battery (104) which charges a capacitor (105) which is able to operate the lock by its discharge.    The actuator is a piezo-electric motor (102) whose supply from the battery (104) is a sawtooth current with a frequency and cyclical pattern such that in each current pulse the variation of the voltage on the capacitor is limited. This ensures that the capacitor maintains a voltage which is suitable for the correct operation of the piezo-electric motor (102).    ADVANTAGE -   System ensures that electrically operated lock can still be opened, even after complete failure of vehicle's main battery.
The arrangement uses a turbine mounted on a shaft, placed on a high part of the vehicle. Forward movement of the vehicle drives air through the turbine fins and which rotates the shaft. Shaft rotation can be used to drive an electrical generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Do not cause pollution or form waste products.
The current supply is not directly buffered by a battery and is controlled by the voltage regulator (2) of a generator or a DC/DC converter. High power electrical loads (V1-V2) are switched on and off by a central controller (1).    An information link (4) between the central controller and the voltage regulator informs the central controller about the immediately preceding switching on or off of each high power load.    ADVANTAGE -   Minimizes required capacitance of buffer capacitor or eliminates need for one.
The fuel cell has distributor plates (10,11) placed either side of the electrodes and electrolyte. The plates contact the electrodes to distribute the reaction, evacuate the reaction products and to collect the current. They are formed from electrically conducting plates and enable the reactions, circulating between an input and output, to come into contact with the electrodes.    Each plate distributor is made up of a pile of porous sheets (13) which are enveloped in series by the reactive gas. Each distributor is preferably made as a bipolar plate which includes two piles of porous sheets situated on either side of a material which is gas impermeable and electrically conducting.    ADVANTAGE -   Gives good reactive gas flow across plates.
Positive plates for sealed lead acid batteries are made by direct casting using the lead alloy containing 0.03 - 0.05 % calcium, 0.65 - 1.25 % tin, and 0.018 - 0.03 % silver, or gravity casting using the lead alloy containing 0.035 - 0.055 % Ca, 0.95 - 1.45 % Sn, 0.018 - 0.03 % Ag, or continuous strip casting using the lead alloy containing 0.03 - 0.05 % Ca, 0.95 - 1.25 % Sn, 0.017 - 0.03 Ag. The diamond mesh (78) grid (70) includes lug (72) top bar (74) and bottom bar (76). No side bars are necessary.    USE -   Sealed lead acid batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Grids can be fabricated by direct casting of strip when no frame bars being required to minimise creep, or by gravity casting.
The arrangement has a measurement device for the pole voltage (U1) and a device for computing the internal impedance (Ri) of the battery. A further device determines the state of charge of the battery from the measured parameters.    A microprocessor-controlled computer unit (C), which is connected in parallel with the pole voltage, controls the charging and discharging of a capacitor (C) and measures and the voltage (UC) across the capacitor. The computer unit records the times when a first and second threshold voltage is reached, in modes without and with a resistance (R3) connected to the computer. The internal impedance is derived from the difference between the times at which the two thresholds are reached.    USE -   For monitoring the state of charge of a battery, especially a lithium battery for motor vehicle key transmitters or remote controllers.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reliable indication of available cell capacity. Temperature dependence of the measurement result is substantially eliminated.
Linear electrochemical functional element has an ion or electron conductive strip which is accessible at both ends and which is preferably enclosed by a solid insulating sheath. Preferably, the strip consists of an ion exchange membrane, a hydrogen diffusion electrode or a half-cell formed of an ion exchange membrane and a hydrogen diffusion electrode. Also claimed is a process for fabricating a half-cell for a charge state indicator device with the above functional element, the process comprising: (a) deep drawing, pressure die casting or mould casting a cup of metal (especially copper or lead) which is resistant to sulphuric acid at the potential of a lead/lead sulphate electrode; (b) introducing a negative material paste of tribasic or tetrabasic lead sulphate and sulphuric acid; (c) converting the paste into lead sponge by electrochemical reduction in sulphuric acid while the cup is connected as negative pole in a conversion cell; and (d) introducing the linear functional element as a galvanic key in the cup and deforming the cup to enclose the element. Further claimed is a method of using a charge state indicator, having the above functional element, for controlling an accumulator.    USE -   Especially as a hydrogen reference electrode for measuring the pH and/or concentration of a solution, e.g. in a starter battery or fuel cell, or as an indicator for the state of charge of lead accumulator cells.    ADVANTAGE -   The functional element is shape stable, pH stable, flexible and thin so that it can be precisely fitted even in a confined cell space, e.g. in the plate assembly of a starter battery.
A methanol reforming reactor includes a reaction chamber into which the catalyst is charged. Before operations begin, the catalyst is aged, its volume either being reduced before being charged into the reaction chamber or further catalyst being introduced to compensate for shrinkage after the catalyst has been aged inside the chamber. The ageing process is continued until the shrinkage rate falls below a predetermined value.    Also claimed is a process for pre-treating the catalyst by heating it for between 1 and 50 hours in an atmosphere of CH3OH and H2O at between 240 and 350C at a charge rate of between 0.5 m3H2/h and 50 m3H2/h per litre of catalyst until its shrinkage rate falls below a predetermined value.    USE -   In methanol reforming to produce hydrogen for a vehicle fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The catalyst does not undergo a loss in its specific activity that would otherwise occur during shrinkage during the first few hours of use.
A method of operating a methanol reforming plant involves periodically reactivating the reforming catalyst. During this phase, the reactor containing the catalyst is operated at reduced load and/or at a higher temperature or is flushed with an inert gas.    USE -   Operational method for methanol reforming to produce hydrogen for a vehicle fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The plant can be operated at relatively lower cost over longer operational periods without significantly lowering conversion yields.
A methanol reforming catalyst is pre-aged before use by heating for several hours in a dry oxidising or inert atmosphere at a temperature of at least 300C until its volume shrinkage comes to a standstill.    Preferably the atmosphere during pre-ageing contains &lt; 1 vol.%, the balance being either air or argon.    USE -   To prepare a methanol reforming catalyst    ADVANTAGE -   By pre-shrinking the catalyst it does not undergo a loss in its specific activity that would otherwise occur during shrinkage during the first few hours of use.
The unit has current cells arranged in a housing (1) whose shape essentially matches the cells. The housing is in the form of a quiver with one side wall having a concave section which serves as a contact section for the current supply unit with the bicycle.    The cross-section of the housing is similar in shape to a clover leaf with side walls of alternately concave and convex sections in which the current cells fill spaces in the concave sections.    USE -   Especially for bicycles.    ADVANTAGE -   Stable, secure mounting and wide applicability.
A method for making a composite ion exchange membrane comprising: fabricating a layered precursor comprising a microporous support of highly fluorinated nonionic polymer adhered to a layer of highly fluorinated sulphonyl halide polymer; hydrolysing said precursor to convert said highly fluorinated sulphonyl halide polymer to a highly fluorinated sulphonate polymer; impregnating said support with a highly fluorinated sulphonate polymer or precursor in a polar liquid medium, after hydrolysing; removing the polar liquid medium; and heating to coalesce the polymer in the support.    USE -   For electrolytic and fuel cells, and for electrochemical separations by facilitated transport, diffusion dialysis, electrodialysis, pervaporation, and vapour permeation.    ADVANTAGE -   Process is suitable for commercial scale manufacture.
The radiator includes a first set of spaced lamella (28) which are formed of a first thermoelectric material. A second set of spaced lamella (50) are formed of a second thermoelectric material. The two sets are interleaved and electrically bonded where they meet.    A first electrical buss (40) connects the first set to the positive pole of the engine electrical system. A second electrical buss connects the second set to the negative pole of the engine electrical system. The passage of hot engine coolant over the junctions of the different lamella provides a current to the electrical system and extracts heat from the coolant.    USE -   For land vehicles and especially for military vehicles which require substantial quantities of electrical power to operate a wide variety of electrical devices necessary to steer, manoeuvre and fire weapons.    ADVANTAGE -   Converts some of the heat generated by the automobile's engine into useful direct current.
The apparatus consists of a thermoelectric conversion module (13) which has several thermoelement groups (13a). The module is provided in an exhaust gas conduit (11) which guides combustion gases and a cooling water jacket (12). A regulator regulates the amount of heat from combustion gas which is transferred to the module. Power generation detectors are connected to each thermoelement group individually. The detectors judge the amount of power generated in each thermoelement group.    A water temperature detector senses the temperature of the water circulating in the cooling water jacket. Based on the output of the power generation and the temperature detectors, the high temperature side of each thermoelement group is identified. A control unit operates the regulators at a fixed temperature, based on the heat resistant temperature of a thermoelement and the output respective power generation detector.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves reliability by preventing thermoelectric conversion module from exceeding heat resistant temperature. Improves efficiency.
The power supply has a constant-voltage power-supply circuit that receives electric power from a vehicle-mounted power supply, and generates a constant DC voltage that is supplied to a vehicle-mounted computer. A power-supply cut-off detector monitors the cut-off of the power supplied to the power-supply circuit from the vehicle-mounted power supply. When power cut-off is detected, the electric charge stored by the constant-voltage supply path from the power-supply circuit to the computer is discharged.    A voltage reduction characteristic controller makes the voltage supplied to the computer reduce by the predetermined amount. When the power cut-off is detected, a constant-voltage supply prohibiting circuit stops the operation of the power-supply circuit until the time the computer operation is stopped following the reduction of the voltage supplied to the computer.    USE -   For supplying constant voltage to vehicle-mounted computer of e.g. navigation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Computer peripheral devices can be used normally.
The apparatus (13) includes a mode selecting switch (SW) which selectively switches the input voltage level from the battery of a vehicle. When the source voltage (Vcc1) from the battery is 12 volts, the mode selection switch turns ON. The supplied 12 volts from the battery is reduced into 5 volts by the regulator (17) of a second voltage converter (22), after which the converted 5 volts is supplied to a CPU.    The mode selection switch turns OFF when the source voltage from the battery is 24 volts, after which the supplied 24 volts is reduced by the regulator (16) of a first voltage converter (21). The converted voltage from the first voltage converter is reduced further by the second voltage converter up to 5 volts to be output to the CPU.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies conversion of source voltage into desired constant voltage to be supplied to CPU, even when supplied source voltage is 12 volts or 24 volts.
The booster (10) boosts reference voltage. A first drive circuit (162) applies the boost voltage as an drive signal to the input terminal of a N type power MOSFET (20), such that the power MOSFET is turned ON during driving of a load.    When stopping the driving of the load, the electric charged stored in the input terminal of the MOSFET is drawn. A gate electric charge drawing circuit (164) is provided in a drive circuit (16) to perform the deactivation of the MOSFET.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces leakage current. Ensures reliable switching ON and OFF of power MOSFET, thus preventing generation of malfunction in switching control of intelligent power module. Prevents accidental cut-off of power supply to e.g. radio and computed installed in motor vehicle.
The method involves computing temperature correction coefficient based on the temperature of a battery. First stage battery characteristic is corrected by the deterioration correction factor which is computed based on the temperature correction coefficient.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to estimate discharge capacity precisely.
The battery has a pair of holes (3) on either sides with gap equal to thickness of an acid-proof fibre knitted band (4) that passes through the hole and forms a handle. The end portion (5) of the band that passes through the hole is turned up and stitched.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies insertion and removal of handle. Enables easy exchange of battery. Offers different shapes and length of handle as required. Does not require complicated, intrinsic metal casting mould. Offers simple handle structure.
The controller includes a remnant battery charge detector (199) which detects the remnant charge of a secondary battery (194) when charge is stored in a battery is insufficient to heat the catalyst, the exhaust of the IC engine is also utilised for heating. An IC engine operation control unit with a built-in CPU controls the operation of the IC engine based on the result of the remnant battery charge detector.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents exhaustion of battery by controlling amount of energy from battery to heating unit.
NOVELTY - A reaction container (8) is provided with the reforming catalyst layer (10) which deforms original fuel to reforming gas. A fuel inlet (17) and reformed gas outlet (20) is provided for the container. A furnace (1) supplies combustion gas through several trip tubes present in the reforming catalyst layer. The trip tubes are in the shape of an inverted U to form an inlet (12) and outlet (13). A fuel shield (22) is provided along the periphery of the reaction container.    USE -   For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves reforming efficiency and reduces escape of methane. Heating time is also shortened.
The power supply includes a set of back up capacitor (71- 74) that supply an ignition current to respective detonators (101-104). A set of diodes (18-21) for antisuckback are connected such that cathode of diodes are connected to respective backup capacitors and anode terminals are connected to a booster circuit (4).    The booster circuit boosts the battery voltage and supplies the boosted voltage to the backup capacitor through the diode. A current limiter (30) limits the charging current to backup capacitor from the battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents loss of power by reducing circuit resistance to zero. Prohibits flow of rush current from battery during ON condition of ignition switch.
The apparatus has a rotator (2) which is arranged inside a housing (1) perpendicular to a fly wheel (7). A magnetic supporting unit (35) performs non contact support of the rotator axially and holds it within predetermined rotating position.    When the rotator is displaced from the predetermined position, a dynamic pressure shaft accommodation unit (15) exerts power on the rotator along direction opposite to the direction of the displacement of the rotator.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces power consumed by electromagnet of magnetic bearing. Occupies less space thereby reduces size of apparatus. Enables high speed rotation of rotator. Increases electric power storage efficiency.
The detector has a current measurement unit (21) which measures the discharge current value of the battery. A voltage measurement unit (22) measures the voltage of the battery. A judgment unit (24) judges the remaining capacity of the battery based on the measured values of the voltage and the current.    When the measured current value is within a predetermined low current range, a voltage extraction unit (23) extracts the voltage value. The remaining capacity at the time of the low current is judged based on the corresponding low voltage value.    USE -   For electric vehicle, power assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases accuracy of measurement without enlarging or complicating circuit.
The feeder includes a main power supply distribution apparatus (1) and several auxiliary power supply distribution apparatuses (3-5) connected through a main and reserve electric supply line (99,109) and an information transmission signal line (200). A controller (30) of signal transmission unit (31) controls the transmission of information via information transmission signal line to auxiliary apparatus. The electric supply lines supply electric power to auxiliary apparatus from the power supply.    Two or more cut-off units are provided in main power supply apparatus to connect or cut-off the electric supply line and power supply when a failure is detected in electric supply system by a failure detector. The electric power is supplied to a load from the electric supply line selected by a selection unit. Two or more rectification elements are provided to supply power to signal transmission unit and electric signal line selection unit. The auxiliary apparatus receives the failure information forwarded from the failure detector and thereby selects the electric supply line in which failure is not detected for supply of electric power from power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Enhances reliability of drive of electronic circuit. Offers reliable power feeder. Eliminates failure generation.
The apparatus has a pair of wires (6A,6B) that are connected between a common power supply line (L1) and a pair of loads (3A,3B). A battery (100) is connected to the common power supply line. A pair of transistors (5A,5B) are connected to the wires respectively to regulate power supply to the loads. The current flow in the wires is converted to corresponding voltage by the respective resistors (R4A,R4B). The potential difference at the ends of the resistors are amplified by the respective operational amplifiers (OPA,OPB) and the current detection signals are generated. One end of a common input resistor (R0) is connected to the common power supply line.    The other end of the common input resistor is connected to first input terminal of both operational amplifiers. A first input resistor (R5A) is connected inbetween the node between the first transistor and resistor and the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier. A second input resistor (R5B) is connected inbetween the node between the second switch and resistor and the second input terminal of the second operational amplifier. The power supply to the loads is regulated based on the current flow to the wires.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves current detection accuracy. Prevents damage of wire reliably. Improves integration degree of circuit board by increasing degree of freedom of layout of wiring pattern.
The power supply has a current detector (70) which detects the value of current that is flowing through each wire. A data memory (304) stores the overcurrent threshold value, depending on the type of load. The overcurrent threshold value corresponding to the load and the detected current value in each wire is compared by a comparison judging unit (302-1).    If the detected current value is greater than the overcurrent threshold value switches (50A-50C) are turned OFF. A control unit (302-2) controls the switches as well as a display (400) to display the overcurrent state.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces entire weight of vehicle. Prevents occurrence of any damage to wire even when thin wire is used. Prevents load from getting damaged.
The apparatus (23) has a protector package (1) consisting of several circuit protection. Wire harness connectors (27) and electronic component (29) are mounted in a PCB (25) using lead terminals provided in each circuit protector.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces size by providing protector package. Reduces running cost by avoiding usage of spares by facilitating manual resetting operation. Simplifies assembly by avoiding use of relay terminal.
The battery has a jar (9) in which battery element is inserted. The battery element has a separator (5) that is arranged between a cathode active material (3) of a cathode collector (1) and anode active material (4) of anode collector (2). A dielectric layer (6) is arranged at one side of the cathode collector. A cathode lead (7) is welded to the jar. A can lid (10) is fixed to the jar through a gasket (11) after filling electrolyte in jar. An anode lead (8) is welded to the can lid.    USE -   For portable telephone, PC.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers excellent short time heavy current discharge and pulse-like repeat discharge. Maintains power supply state for long time.
The device consists of three sensors (30a-30c) and a valve (24). The sensor (30a) installed at an air inlet (18) for a battery case (16) and measures the outside air temperature (70). The sensor (30b) at an air inlet (20) measures the temperature (T1) of the vehicle. The sensor (30c) which is attached to a battery assembly (14) detects the temperature of the battery (T3). An electronic controller (28) controls the opening-closing of the valve based on the temperature and time variation tendency of the battery. Based on the temperature difference estimated by the three sensors, air is allowed for cooling or warming up of the battery through the valve.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces ventilation burden of air-conditioner in vehicle. Extends and secures durability.
The regulator has battery temperature adjusting device which uses air introduced in the cabin of electric vehicle via a vehicle air-conditioner (20) to cool a battery assembly (12) mounted in the electric vehicle. Discharge of gas from the battery is distinguished. A battery ECU (26) outputs a signal of the waveform other than that of a predetermined waveform on distinguishing discharge generation. An air-conditioner ECU (28) increases the amount of air introduction from outside forcedly.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents air pollution in cabin. Improves battery cooling effect.
The method involves using a charger (200) to supply current for charging a cell (102) of a battery pack (100) through terminals (T1,T2). A heater (106) heats the battery cell, during charging. The current for heating the battery cell is received through a terminal (T3).    ADVANTAGE -   Improves charge efficiency and discharge capacitance of battery at short period of time.
The battery has an anode made of Pb-Sn group alloy and a cathode containing Pb-Sb alloy. Pb-Sn group alloy is used as the connection material for adjacent cells.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses corrosion of shelf and on grating edge of cathode. Prevents elongation of anode arising due to corrosion at high temperature.
The generator has a heating gas formation part (R) which generates a heating gas. The heating gas is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen. A fuel battery electricity generation part (1) to which a part of the heating gas is supplied is reacted for electricity generation. The electricity generation part has a stream isolation part (2) which separates steam from the circulating cooling water. A part of the hydrocarbon raw material supplied is burnt in a heating gas generation part for generating heating gas. The hydrocarbon raw material reacts with the steam separated by the stream isolation part and generates the heating gas.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases thermal efficiency as well as overall efficiency.
The method involves performing steam reforming of preheated original hydrocarbon gas in a fuel modifier. Steam is supplied abundantly to the heat exchanger of a fuel battery after introducing reformed fuel gas into it. The remainder steam is supplied to the inner walls of the heat exchanger.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies washing of heat exchangers, continuously. Prevents reduction of heat exchanger performance.
The method involves using carbon powder as sealant for reaction gas and electrolyte leaking from a battery. Waste carbon powder is introduced from a nozzle (2) to the peripheral side of carbon material (11) provided with grooves for fixing carbon paper. The carbon material is mounted on a suction chuck (4) for supporting carbon powder filling.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces working time for filling sealant. Increases sealing property.
The grating contains lead-antimony of 1.5-7 wt%, and selenium of 0.005-0.03 wt% in lead-calcium-tin alloy board. The antimony-lead-selenium alloy is added to one or both sides of the alloy board, entirely or partly covered with active material. The thin sheets are then piled rolled and shaped by machining.    ADVANTAGE -   Forms lead-antimony alloy on lead-calcium-tin base easily and with stability. Sufficient self-discharge characteristic. Superior cycle performance and high industrial value.
The structure includes a metallic foil (1) on which an active material layer (2) is laminated on either sides. An electrically insulating porous layer (3) is formed enclosing the active material. The porous layer is formed by sprinkling electrical insulation powder on the active material layer, and then drying.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need for usage of costly separator.
The battery has an electrolyte (1) installed in a housing (2) provided in a battery container (3). A safety valve (4) is fixed to a bottom support (3a) of the battery container. The bottom support has a through-hole (4a) at the centre section, for releasing the internal pressure to the outer side. A support (2a) of the housing is mounted on the peripheral side of the bottom board. The electrolyte is positioned on a mounting base (2b) formed at inner part of the support of the housing.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides safety against malfunctioning.
The apparatus has a storage case (41) to store a battery and a handle accommodation portion (47) to accommodate a handle (50). The handle is held by a holding portion (51) in which a connector (60) is provided. The handle has an opening (61) through which a terminal is connected to the electrode of the battery through a lead wire. The opening is closed at the time of accommodating the handle in the handle accommodation portion. In the release state of the handle, the connector is connected with an external connector detachedly.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents wearing of stopper material. Prevents electric shock due to automatic closure of connection opening.
The circuit includes a charging circuit connected in parallel with a battery, for charging a back-up capacitor. A discharge circuit performs the discharge of the stored electric charge of the back-up capacitor. The amount of electrostatic capacitance of the back-up capacitor is computed based on the time constant of the capacitor charging-discharging waveform which is generated following the operation of the discharging circuit. The failure of the back-up capacitor is determined by a processing circuit based on the computed amount of the electrostatic capacitance of the back-up capacitor.    When the charging voltage of the back-up capacitor is regulated and the processing circuit judges the fault generation of the back-up capacitor, a predetermined fault in the supply of booster voltage to the charging circuit is determined. The discharge voltage of the back-up capacitor is regulated through the booster voltage supply from the battery if the discharging circuit is determined in an open state.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables simultaneous diagnosis of charging and discharging circuits of back-up capacitor.
The power supply has a cuboid enclosure (2) with a slot (13) at one end to allow insertion of different physical power connectors (4). A number of connectors can be provided, each with connection pins laid out to accommodate local pin configurations, and a cigar lighter plug can be slid into place to provide DC connection in a motor vehicle.    The underside of the slot accepting the different connectors has terminals corresponding to the underside of the different AC connectors and to the underside of the DC connector. These connect to an electronic circuit inside the housing that provides voltage conversion.    ADVANTAGE -   Simple, compact and lightweight adaptation to different power supply connectors in different countries, and to DC sources e.g. cigar lighter in motor vehicle.
The electrical system comprises multiple electronic modules [14,16,18] which use the ignition switch [12] as a logical signal input. A switching power supply is coupled to the vehicle system battery with it's output coupled to the modules. When the ignition switch is on the contact [34] of relay [36] is closed, and the battery and alternator [11] are connected to the modules.    When the ignition switch is off, the power demands of the modules are reduced to typical key-off functions, such as car clock running, are maintained. When the relay contact is open the switching power supply regulates the circuit [32] at the seven-volt output of the switching power supply, supplying sufficient five volts for key-off.    USE/ADVANTAGE -   Car key-off modules, for example car alarm and remote control, can be run with reduced key-off current draw on the system.
The battery (1) includes a casing on underside of which flat positive and negative terminal posts (2) are provided. Support shoes (3) are also provided on underside of casing. Two cable wirings are connected to positive and negative terminal posts through respective positive and negative contact plates.    USE -   For automotive, marine equipment, motorized wheel chair.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies cleaning of terminal of battery similar to wiping of contact plates with sand paper or any wire brush. Is simple to connect. Reduces potential explosions caused from igniting hydrogen gases. Simplifies designing with lower height. Reduces assembly time.
The apparatus has support shafts (4) and two flywheels (50) of equal moment of inertia which are arranged on the periphery of the support shaft. A roller bearing (6) fixed between flywheel and support shaft makes the flywheel rotate freely. Motor generator (4a,53) which reclaims energy, by rotating the flywheels in reverse direction with same velocity.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents reduction of movement capability based on gyro effect. Reclaims energy at time of damping.
NOVELTY - The bioelectrode consists of monomolecular films of lipid and protein coated over an electrode substrate.    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Both phospholipids and the protein are aligned in systematic orientation, maintaining the functional characteristics of protein. The electro chemical reactions are easily controlled.
The assembly (10) has a housing (12) of electrically insulating material with a base plate (22). A starter motor cable is mounted on the base plate. The assembly also has a fuse strip (14) secured on the base plate and including a busbar, a contact portion adjacent the starter motor cable terminal (18) and contact portions making electrical connections with a number of cable harness terminals. Fusible links connect the contact portions with the busbar.    A battery terminal clamp (16) has a mounting portion (26) positioned inside the housing which electrically connects with the busbar of the fuse strip. A clamp portion outside the housing electrically connects to a terminal post of the battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrical cables are not required to run between the battery terminal clamps and the fuse links.
The system, which can be arranged horizontally or vertically, has air flow channels which feed the air flow over the front of the motor vehicle to wind turbines mounted within the motor vehicle. Large systems can be arranged horizontally. A wind turbine (3) consists of a shaft with two discs attached to it and several wind troughs (5) between the discs.    The number and size of the troughs depends on the disc diameter. The wind troughs can be adjusted and fixed in positions offset at 20 to 40 degrees with respect to the disc axes. The discs can be made in one piece up to a certain size, above which they are segmented.    USE -   Especially suitable for mounting in electrically powered vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The system is protected against damage by wind forces greater than or equal to 20 m/sec and the system is highly efficient and widely applicable.
The voltage conversion device, especially for cars, has at least two parallel voltage converters with a common input through which the voltage is fed that is to be converted and a common output where the converted voltage can be picked off. The voltage converters are part converters which are controlled synchronously and sequentially by a synchronising device.    A number of part converters are provided which each comprise a controller and a power part which are directly connected and wired so that the part converters are in parallel. One part converter has a controller with separate power part. Others have a control unit that can be influenced by the controller with further power parts.    ADVANTAGE -   Low supply current loading with minimal EM radiation and voltage oscillation.
NOVELTY - A conductive member forms two lands on one face of the plate with a flow channel passing between them to carry a fluid for a fuel cell assembly. The member provides a path to the second face of the plate for current generated by the cell. A brace for part of the channel is provided by nonconductive material.    USE - Fluid flow plates formed of conductive and nonconductive materials for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Decreased usage of expensive conductive material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (a) a plate having on one face nonconductive material providing two flow channels separated by a land. A conductive member provides an electrical path between the two faces of the plate; and (b) the fabrication of a geometric feature having simple and complicated aspects on the surface of a fluid flow plate of conductive and nonconductive material by forming the simple aspect in conductive material then forming the periphery of the face of nonconductive material including the complicated aspect.
NOVELTY - An azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition comprises 1-99 wt.% of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (I) and 1-99 wt.% of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (II). The composition has a maximum difference between Dew Point and Bubble Point of 0.8 degreesC.    USE - The composition is used as a refrigerant, heat transfer medium, gaseous dielectric, foam expansion agent, aerosol propellant or power cycle working fluid.    ADVANTAGE - The composition is nonflammable and less environmentally damaging than commercial refrigerants such as dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) A refrigeration process comprising condensing the composition and then evaporating it in the vicinity of a body to be cooled.    (2) A process for preparing an aerosol formulation comprising combining active ingredients in an aerosol with an effective amount of the composition as propellant.
NOVELTY - The original fuel from which sulfur is removed, in a desulfurization reactor (2), is supplied to a fuel modifier (1) to generate hydrogen rich gas from it. A supply unit supplies or stops the hydrogen rich gas to desulfurisation reactor depending on conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The desulfurization reactor detachably attaches desulfurization catalyst by which reduction process is performed. The supply unit supplies hydrogen rich gas stored in hydrogen storage unit to two or more desulfurization reactors or stops the supply.    USE -   For generating hydrogen rich gas from alcoholic fuels such as gas of hydrocarbon methanol used in fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the apparatus has supply unit to supply and stop hydrogen gas to desulfurization reactor, reduction of desulfurization catalyst by hydrogen gas is performed. It is a process which repeats operation and stoppage of fuel modifier which is suitable for small fuel battery electricity generation system. The exfoliation of desulfurization catalyst is performed simply so the need to be managed if interchange of desulfurization catalyst in predetermined amount using desulfurization catalyst is eliminated so reactor size is reduced. The sulfur content in original fuel is removed during operation of fuel modifier by desulfurization catalyst which is exchangeable. Deterioration of modification catalyst in fuel modifier during starting, by sulfur content is prevented.
NOVELTY - A heat insulation layer (8) is provided at least at a portion of inner surface of inner tube (2) of the modifier to suppress heat recovery. The heat insulation layer comprises a cylindrical sleeve (7) and an elastic heat insulation material (6).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sleeve is shaped as trumpet in the end portion. A modification catalyst layer (5) is provided between inner and outer tubes. A gas guide (3) is provided at upper end of the inner tube. The end portion of inner tube is communicated to outer tube to provide a cyclic flow path for raw gas.    USE -   The modifier is used in fused carbonate type fuel battery plant (claimed). A preheater is provided in the plant to heat the raw gas before entering the modifier and a combustion chamber is provided for carrying out modification of gas.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat withstanding property of reaction tubes is improved by the provision of heat insulation layer. More than 600 C of modified gas can be attained without affecting the reaction tubes. Avoids installation of heater in the gas supply line. Raw gas is directed smoothly to the inner tube by the provision of gas guide and by the trumpet shaped end portion of heat insulation sleeve.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal part sectional diagram of modifier. (2) Inner tube; (3) Gas guide; (5) Modification catalyst layer; (6) Elastic heat insulation material; (7) Cylindrical sleeve; (8) Heat insulation layer.
NOVELTY - The anode waste gas from the fuel battery is partially re-circulated by an anode gas recycle line (14). A heat insulated reformer (18) with a modification catalyst is installed by the recycle line.    USE -   For electricity generator installation like hydropower, thermal power, nuclear power plants.    ADVANTAGE -   Modification reaction of hot anode waste gas is promoted as modification catalyst is used. The reform efficiency and electricity generation efficiency is increased by increasing amount of hydrogen supplied to fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of high voltage fuel battery. (14) Anode gas recycle line; (18) Heat insulated reformer.
NOVELTY - In an assembly (1) for treating moist sludge (e.g. from the treatment of waste water), wet compost, wet contaminated soil, sludge or sand (from waterways basins or lagoons) comprises a mixer (2) for mixing the sludge, a rotating disc sieve (3) and a fine sieve (4) from which the sludge is discharged in a graded condition (16).    USE - The graded sludge can be mixed with suitable additives such as coal dust rendering it suitable for incineration and having a known calorific value. The sludge may also by mixed with e.g. sawdust to adjust the percentage dry matter to a desired value.    ADVANTAGE - The rotary mixer minimizes the formation of lumps and clumps in the final mixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic layout of the process and assembly.    Mixer (2)    Rotating disc sieve (3)    Fine sieve (4)
NOVELTY - A process for waste reduction of household and other landfill waste material at a landfill waste management site comprising grinding of the waste material and accelerated composting in a holding cell preventing contamination of ground soil, is new.    USE - The process is useful for reducing the volume of waste material in landfill waste management sites.    ADVANTAGE - The process prevents contamination of the ground soil, allows for natural breakdown of the organic components of the waste material which allows for the recycling of some or all of the waste material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises:    (a) grinding of waste materials to reduce the volume;    (b) placing the waste material in a holding cell, including an impermeable floor, arranged to accept the waste material after grinding;    (c) composting of the waste material in the holding cell to reduce the organic material to humus; and    (d) accelerating composting by the addition of water.
NOVELTY - Process for degrading water-borne pollutants comprises use of a biocarrier complex is new.    USE - The process can be used to treat ground water contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for degrading water-borne pollutants using a biocarrier complex comprises providing a biocomplex comprising:    (1) an external housing;    (2) an inert matrix material with a high ratio of surface area to volume contained entirely within the housing;    (3) bridge proteins that are polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies or lectins bound to the matrix; and    (4) cells of a pollutant-degrading bacterial strain attached to binding sites of the bridge proteins; and multiplying the bacteria within the housing and placing the biocarrier complex below ground so that it contacts ground water containing a pollutant and degrades the pollutant by the metabolic activity of the bacteria.
NOVELTY - A cotton gin(13) discharges trash in an aiflow(27) to a cyclone separator(85) to collect said trash. A rotatable support pillar(53) supports one end of an auger conveyor(31) with the other end supported on a movable trolley(61). Said trolley can move in a circular arc about the central axis(56) of support pillar(53). The trash from the cyclone(85) is wetted(75) and carried along said conveyor to fall through spaced open ports onto a water draining support surface(29). The conveyor can move in an arc to deposit the trash into a large compost pile(15).    USE - To form a large compost pile of cotton gin trash.    ADVANTAGE - The trash is deposited onto a large compost pile in a wetted state to reduce or eliminate dust problems and spontaneous combustion hazards.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: - Alternative means of moving said conveyor in an arc around support pillar(53) are disclosed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic of the system.    Cotton gin (13)    Compost pile (15)    Falling trash (17)    Cotton gin discharge duct (27)    Pile support surface (29)    Auger conveyor (31)    Central support pillar (53)    Central axis (56)    Movable trolley support (61)    Trash wetting members (63)    Cyclone separator (85)
NOVELTY - Composition and method for removing oil impurities from soil, is new.    USE - For the removal of oil from ground.    ADVANTAGE - The composition and method are very versatile, have a reduced cost and the composition is simply prepared.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A high-efficiency, environmentally safe, and inexpensive composition and soil purification method allowing more efficient purification of different soil types with differing degrees of pollution owing to incomplete biodegradation of residues from the purification process. The composition contains oil-oxidizing microorganisms, a fertilizer, and an adsorbent. Composition contains (in % by weight): oil-oxidizing microorganisms (1.0 - 2.0), combined fertilizer (9.0 - 16.0), adsorbent material (the balance). If the composition additionally contains Clostridium omeleanskii or Bacillus mesentericus, the contents are as follows: oil-oxidizing bacteria (1.0 - 2.0), combined fertilizer (9.0 - 16.0), Clostridium omeleanskii and/or Bacillus mesentericus (0.2 - 0.4) adsorbent material (the balance). The soil-purification method comprises treating polluted soil using the soil-purification composition, in the course of which, supplementary amounts of combined fertilizer are periodically added to the polluted soil.
A rubber composite composition (X) comprises (A) 100 pts. wt. of a rubber, (B) 0.2-20 pts. wt. of at least one kind of microcapsule, which contains partition walls comprising a polyacrylonitrile-methacrylonitrile copolymer and/or a polyacrylonitrile-methacrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate terpolymer and containing isobutane and/or isopentane in them and has an expansion-initiating temperature of 120-140C and a maximum expansion temp. of 180-220C, (C) 0.1-100 pts. wt. of a titanium coupling agent, (D) sulfur and (E) a vulcanization accelerator.    ADVANTAGE -   (X) is lightweight and has a high repeated extension endurance.
NOVELTY - The bottom portion of a channel shaped fermenter (20) is provided with a scavenging tube (23) below the composite material (17), for supply of air. A gas collecting unit whose outlet side connected to the scavenging tube, collects the odor from the fermenter.    USE -   In open type decomposing plant used for livestock dung.    ADVANTAGE -   A separate deodorization tank is unnecessary as fermenter is provided with the gas collecting unit for collecting the odor and hence the structure of the deodorizing apparatus becomes simple and compact thereby reducing the construction cost. Acquisition of land is easy because of the compact structure and the deodorizing efficiency becomes high. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of the fermenter. (17) Composite material; ; (20) Channel shaped fermenter; ; (23) Scavenging tube.
NOVELTY - The animal wastes from storage tanks (A) are carried to the centrifugal separator (B) which isolates the solid and liquid wastes. The liquid waste is then purified in a purifier (3) and the solid waste is then slurried with small amount of water. The slurry is pressure stirred and then fermented in a composting processor (C). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The wastes are stored collectively in a common tank (7).    USE -   For composting animal wastes.    ADVANTAGE -   The fermentation time is reduced and the storage tank is reduced in size, since the solid and liquid wastes are separately processed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of waste processing plant. (3) Purifier; ; (7) Common tank; ; (A) Storage tank; ; (B) Centrifugal separator; ; (C) Composting processor.
NOVELTY - The waste material is processed in a series of drying chambers (11a-11c). A blower (24) is connected to exhaust tubes (22a-22c) leading to respective chambers. Regulating valves (21a-21c) are provided in the exhaust tubes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste control method.    USE -   For processing municipal solid waste in waste treatment plant for solid fuel manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces scatter of dust in exhaust ports and enclosed spaces.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows general arrangement of reactor/drier. (11a-11c) Drying chambers; (21a-21c) Regulating valves; (22a-22c) Exhaust tubes; (24) Blower.
NOVELTY - The membrane is formed by depositing glass on a porous ceramic substrate, expressed as SiO2 -B2 O3 -RxO, where R denotes an element belonging to Group 1A, 2A, or 3A. Nitrogen atom at 0.0001-20 mol.% is present in SiO2.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for describing porous nitriding glass membrane manufacturing method.    USE -   For separation and recovery of helium, hydrogen, argon, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane in high temperature.    ADVANTAGE -   Infusion of nitrogen atom develops excellent transmittance and permselectivity. Aids in selective separation of extra fine gas molecules at high temperature depending on molecular size and reactivity.
NOVELTY - 1-50 % of porous silica glass film consisting of SiO2 -B2 O3-RxO where R is selected from 1A, 2A, 3A group element, is formed on the surface of porous ceramic base material. The thickness of the glass film is 1-200 m. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of silica-glass type gas separation membrane.    USE -    For collecting gas molecules such as He, H2 , Ar, N2 , O2 , CO2 , Co and CH4.    ADVANTAGE -   Crack generation on porous silica glass film is avoided and has controlled mean pore diameter for effectively separating gas molecules depending on molecular size.
NOVELTY - The zinc fire sludge is used as a basic material for fertilisers in conjunction with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, calcium, ammonium hydroxide and hydrogen carbonate or dolomite.    USE -   The zinc fire sludge is useful as a fertiliser.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows the recycling of waste.
{UNOVELTYU}    The equipment operates at high temperature. It is based on long columns and high pressure of carrier gas. It does not use either traditional high temperature programmes, or connected columns, or reverse rinsing.    {U    ADVANTAGE -   U}    A highly reliable and accurate, short cycle, simple, cheap to install process.
NOVELTY - Purification of sewage and soil comprising mixing contaminated slurry with (w/w%) 10-90 of growth reducing inorganic agent, 1-50 of a lignocellulose based organic additive, 0.05-0.85 of a sugar type additive (e.g. molasses) and microorganism NCAIM(P)B001206 and NCAIM(P)B001207, is new.    USE -   The method is useful for the purification of sewage and soil.    ADVANTAGE -   The method aromatic halogen chemicals are removed.
NOVELTY - The activity of a carbon monoxide-selective oxidation catalyst is increased and the temperature range of catalyst activity is expanded by changing the catalyst mixture from platinum downstream, through intermediate mixtures to ruthenium at upstream end.    USE - For use in fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - Provides effective reduction of carbon monoxide concentration while maintaining the temperature of the hydrogen-rich fuel gas at the operating temperature of the fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon monoxide concentration-reducing apparatus, receiving a hydrogen-rich gas containing carbon monoxide, uses selective oxidation for the carbon monoxide and discharges a hydrogen-rich gas with reduced concentration of carbon monoxide, includes a carbon monoxide-selective oxidation catalyst that facilitates the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich gas. The catalyst includes a first catalyst metal with an active temperature range and a second catalyst metal of second active temperature range, the catalyst having an active temperature range intermediate of the two. The mixture ratio is set on the basis of a preset temperature of the catalyst.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for reducing carbon monoxide concentration in hydrogen-rich gas using the above apparatus and in which the catalyst mixture is determined on the basis of an operating temperature of the carbon monoxide concentration reducing portion.
NOVELTY - A procedure for making a PEM fuel cell has the electrolyte membrane subjected to a plasma treatment and electrodes are attached onto the membrane on both sides. The plasma is generated from silicon- or carbon-containing gases. Catalytically active metal ions are fed into the plasma so that these are precipitated onto the membrane. Palladium and silver are provided in the form of metal ions. The item is used for internal reforming of fuel.    USE - NONE GIVEN    ADVANTAGE - Avoids the usually incomplete coverage of electrolyte membrane using the sputter process.
NOVELTY - The purifying agent has zeolite molecule sieve as main component. During purification, natural gas is introduced from the upper part of purification tank for normal pressure adsorption and purification, and the purifying agent is regenerated through electric heating, and the air introduced from the lower part for regeneration of purifying agent.    USE -   Purifying natural gas.    ADVANTAGE -   The purifying agent has high efficiency and long life; the simple purifying process can eliminate inorganic sulfur, organic sulfur, CO2, water and petroleum; and the equipment has long service life.
NOVELTY - Ceria, lanthanum and calcium oxide in a catalyzed wash coating stabilizes the alumina component against recrystallization and inhibits carbon deposits on the wash coated surfaces.    USE - The fuel gas reformer assembly is used in fuel cell power plants to convert a fuel, i.e. natural gas into hydrogen, carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - Lanthanum oxide in the catalyzed wash coating stabilizes the alumina against recrystallization at high operating temperatures while the inclusion of ceria, lanthanum and calcium oxide provides longer operational life to the assembly by hindering carbon deposition in the flow passages.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrocarbon fuel gas steam reformer assembly comprises fuel gas passages for receiving a mixture of fuel gas and steam and burner gas passages for receiving burner gas steam. Both passages are disposed in a heat exchange relationship such that heat from burner passages is transferred to fuel gas passages. Both passages are also provided with lanthanum oxide and/or cerium oxide, and/or calcium oxide-stabilized alumina which stabilizes alumina against recrystallization at elevated temperatures and inhibits carbon deposition on walls of both passages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a portion of fuel gas steam reformer assembly.    Fuel steam reformer assembly (2)    Fuel gas passages (12)    Burner passages (14)    Catalyzed wash coat (28)
NOVELTY - Apparatus (10) for use in the treatment of waste and/or organic materials, comprises a box shaped main body (12) an internal treatment chamber. (10) is mounted on legs (17) leaving a space underneath for treating harvesting treated sludge. The base has multiple support elements (32), after treatment, the sludge can be shaken to fall between (32) into the harvesting space underneath.    USE - As an apparatus for treating organic waste material by a vermiculture process using worm species.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus allows use of the vermiculture process on a large scale.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for: A harvesting device for use the apparatus (10) detailed above with movable elements that can extend between adjacent support bars (32).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic of the apparatus,    Apparatus (10)    Main body (12)    Mesh side walls (15)    Frame (16)    Support legs (17)    Treatment chambers (25)    Open top inlets (26)    Base support elements (32)
NOVELTY - Production of p53-dependent growth inhibitory factors (GIFs) by inducing human cells to express and secrete the GIFs into a nutrient medium, is new.    USE - The p53-dependent GIFs are useful for reducing unwanted or abnormal cell proliferation, especially in the treatment of tumors.    ADVANTAGE - The p53-dependent GIFs can potentiate the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of p53-dependent GIFs comprises:    (a) culturing human cells capable of expressing p53 tumor suppressor protein (TSP) in a nutrient medium;    (b) inducing expression and secretion of p53-dependent GIFs by the cultured human cells into the nutrient medium, to form a conditioned medium; and    (c) recovering the p53-dependent GIFs from the conditioned medium, to give a preparation of the p53-dependent GIFs.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (A) a composition for reducing unwanted or abnormal cell proliferation, comprising a preparation of p53-dependent GIFs prepared as described in (a)-(c), above;    (B) a method for reducing unwanted or abnormal cell proliferation, comprising administering a composition as in (A); and    (C) a method for preventing or delaying cell senescence, comprising administering a composition comprising an agent which attenuates the secretion of, or neutralizes the growth suppressive effects of, at least 1 p53-dependent GIF.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen separated and recovered from a waste gas is ejected out of fuel battery (3) and is stored in a hydrogen absorbing alloy tank (6). From the alloy tank, stored hydrogen supplied to fuel battery is judged by a detector (5). Based on the detected load fluctuation of battery, an adjusting unit (7) regulates the quantity of hydrogen supplied to battery.    USE -   For hydrogen gas supply to fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents supply of hydrogen gas of more than necessary amount to fuel battery as adjusting unit regulates the amount of hydrogen supplied, based on the detected load fluctuation. Stored hydrogen gas is used without wastage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of fuel battery system. (3) Fuel battery; (5) Detector; (6) Hydrogen absorbing alloy tank; (7) Adjusting unit.
NOVELTY - A processed object fed from hopper (3) into the cylinder (1) of heat processing reactor (0) is ejected from an exhaust outlet (4) after being stirred and heated by a heat tube (2) and a heating coil (8). The gas output from processed object is collected and ejected via a duct (7) which surrounds, in an air-tight manner, the exhaust outlet of the cylinder and has opening-closing valve (7') at the opening edge.    USE -   For heat processing of general waste, e.g. city refuse and industrial waste, e.g. incineration ashes, fly ashes, completed processing media, e.g. process powders such as bag filtrate, sludge, processed objects containing organic material, etc..    ADVANTAGE -   The emission of a processed object is performed smoothly and reliably by making the emission side edge of heat processing reactor open in a duct which has an opening-closing valve. The regulator stay of processed object is prevented and transfer is reliably performed. The waste containing toxic substances such as chlorine and sulphide are decompressed and the harmful components are precipitated. The gas and residue are made harmless by making a process agent react with the cracked gas. The precipitates are prevented from reacting again with a processed object due to exterior thermal reaction since the processed residue are smoothly ejected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual diagram of the heat treatment apparatus. (0) Heat processing reactor; (1) Cylinder; (2) Heat tube; (3) Hopper; (4) Exhaust outlet; (7) Duct; (7') Opening-closing valve; (8) Heating coil.
NOVELTY - The plant fiber machine crushes the vegetable waste material and mixes it with chemical fertilizer. This is then allowed to decompose by the microorganisms in the vegetable waste material to prepare the organic waste.    USE -   The fibrous manure obtained is used as plant fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE -   The release of carbon dioxide by the chemical fertilizer component in the manure when applied to plant is not carried in air. The machine mixes vegetable waste material and chemical fertilizer uniformly enabling promotion of decomposition. The rise in the temperature while mixing, increases the amount of microorganisms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the components in plant fiber machine.
NOVELTY - An alkaline substance is added to mixed waste slurry which is subjected to hydrothermal decomposition reaction and dehydration to obtain fuel cake (27) and filtrate (29). The flush dehydration and dechlorination are performed. Subsequently, electrolytic oxidation is performed to the filtrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solid waste containing vinyl chloride is converted to a slurry in preprocessor (10) and is supplied to mixed tank (48). The organic sludge obtained is pressed, heated followed by rapid pressure reduction to form expanded sludge slurry. By performing hydrothermal decomposition reaction to mixed waste slurry, original fuel cake (27) and filtrate (29) are obtained. Then they are flush dehydrated and dechlorinated.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the waste processing apparatus.    USE -   For processing municipal solid waste, city sewage, sludge ejected from industrial waste water process of pulp, fiber, food, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The sludge is converted into fuel cake with self-combustibility. Dechlorinated fuel cake is manufactured from the waste containing chlorine containing resin of vinyl chloride and others. The solid carbonization of the solid waste is performed, hence enabling effective usage as an alternate fuel or a source of gasification. Hydrogen gas is obtained as a by- product that can be utilized as a chemical raw material for various chemical process. The chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand substance in waste water are reduced by oxidation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram for the waste processing method. (10) Preprocessor; (27) Fuel cake; (29) Filtrate; (48) Mixed tank.
NOVELTY - An alkaline substance is added to waste slurry obtained from solid waste and a hydrothermal reaction is carried out using a reactor (14) to get original cake (27) and filtrate (29). Dechlorination is carried out in the fuel cake and the filtrate is electrolytically oxidized. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a chlorine-containing resin waste processing apparatus.    USE -   For processing solid waste such as municipal waste and industrial waste having chlorine-containing resin such as vinyl chloride.    ADVANTAGE -   Decomposition reaction is promoted remarkably and thereby carbonization of solid waste is carried out effectively. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the treatment of solid wastes containing chlorine. (14) Reactor; (27) Original cake; (29) Filtrate.
NOVELTY - The waste is made as slurry by a processing unit (10) and subjected to hydrothermal reaction via reactor (14). The original fuel and the filtrate are separated by a flash dehydrated cake of slurry and dechlorination. The filtrate is subjected to electrolysis for recovery and circulated as alkaline water solution.    USE -   For processing fuel recovery in waste containing a large amount of chlorine content resin such as vinyl chlorine, e.g. municipal waste and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE -   As the recirculation solution is alkaline, external NaOH application is eliminated and energy used for evaporation condensation is less. The cost involved is reduced. The decomposition is promoted with carbonization of solid waste, which increases the heating value of combustion for effective usage as fuel. The useful chlorine is recovered to be utilized for HCl.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of waste processing installation. (14) Reactor.
NOVELTY - The organic refuse containing synthetic resin waste, is dehydrated at predefined temperature under reduced pressure and subsequently deoiling is carried out. The processed waste is then ground and applied to a sieve by which synthetic resin material and organic refuse material are separated.    USE -   Useful for separating fuel-forming synthetic resin waste.    ADVANTAGE -   The synthetic resin material is easily separated from organic refuse and is used as fuel. The remaining organic waste material is used as fodder and fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A magnetic sensor (24) is provided for detecting the opening of an exhaust outlet cover (23) so that, rotation of a stir unit (20) is stopped. The exhaust outlet (11A) is positioned at the front surface (11) of a processing apparatus (10) such that it is lower than the central axis (20A) of the stir unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cover fulcrum is positioned at the bottom end of the exhaust outlet and is supported rockably for opening and closing of exhaust outlet. The sensor is configured between the exhaust outlet and the oscillation end of the cover. The stir unit rotates from bottom end of exhaust outlet to the top edge of the processing apparatus. A detachable elimination receptacle (25) is provided at a position such that, it opposes the exhaust outlet.    USE -   For fermentation decomposition of garbage from domestic kitchens.    ADVANTAGE -   As stirring operation is stopped by detection of the cover opening; the processed material does not spew through the exhaust outlet. As an elimination receptacle is provided, huge amount of processed material can be eliminated reliably within a short time. Operation of the stir unit can be restarted automatically as an elimination receptacle is provided. Ejection of processed material is safely performed and there is no need for inserting the hand into the exhaust outlet for removal. As the fulcrum of the cover is positioned at the bottom end of the outlet, the processed material does not spill and stick onto the periphery of the bottom portion of the apparatus, and hence ejection is easy and there is no waste of time and effort in cleaning. Smooth ejection of processed material becomes possible by a simple arrangement of sensor than by mounting a clamping mechanism. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional side view of organic refuse processing apparatus.
NOVELTY - The gas sensor is a laminate with a methane sensor layer coated with carbon monoxide sensor layer. The sensor functions as a catalyst. The methane sensor has circular semiconductor particles synthesized by gaseous-phase method. The carbon-monoxide sensor has semiconductor metal composite particles synthesized by gaseous-phase method.    USE -   For detection of gas leaks such as methane and carbon monoxide in combustion equipment.    ADVANTAGE -   Detection of methane or carbon monoxide is enabled easily with sufficient selectivity.
NOVELTY - Fuel composition comprises instantaneously combustible fossil fuel and non-fossil fuel selected from urban solid waste, elastomeric and or non-elastomeric polymer materials avoids formation of agglomerates and minimizes energy expenditure.    USE - For use in combustion boilers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel composition with instantaneous combustion comprises: (a) 40-95 wt.% instantaneously combustible fossil fuel and (b) 5-60 wt.% non-fossil fuel selected from urban solid waste, elastomeric and or non-elastomeric polymer materials. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for (a) a combustion method using the above composition in the burner of an instantaneous combustion boiler and (b) an apparatus for the instantaneous combustion of the fuel composition which comprises a boiler with burner(s), fuel feeding system and combustion zone.
NOVELTY - The device comprises an exhaust gas turbine (8) and a displacement compressor (10) such as a mechanical drive supercharger linked to the exhaust gas turbine through a decelerator (9). A combustion gas line (7) on the outlet side of a catalytic combustor (6) is connected to the intake of the compressor. Cathode and anode exhaust gas lines (12,13) are connected to the combustor.    USE - Fuel cells producing electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - Uses exhaust gas energy as motive power for the air supply to improve efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of the invention.    Catalytic combustor (6)    Combustion gas line (7)    Exhaust gas turbine (8)    Decelerator (9)    Displacement compressor (10)    Cathode exhaust gas line (12)    Anode exhaust gas line (13)
NOVELTY - Unit cells have electrodes consisting of a solid polymer electrolyte film between a pair of catalytic reaction layers. Gas tight electrically insulating layers are provided on the flanks or the insides of the laminated unit cells, giving a seal between electrode and electroconductive separator.    USE - Portable power sources for electric vehicles, household cogeneration systems, etc. operating at room temperature.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode can be made the same size as the separator, and no sealant is used between them, so the fuel cell can be made more compact and is less expensive and easier to manufacture on a mass production scale. Mechanical strength is increased, the structure simplified and gas sealing property improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel gas mixture containing hydrogen and an oxidant gas containing oxygen are fed to opposite sides of the electrodes.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of producing the fuel cell, by laminating unit cells via separators and mechanically fixing them together, forming a gas-tight seal and joining with gas manifolds.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross section of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    Separators (4)    Gas flow path (5)
NOVELTY - Refuse recycling process combines biological and mechanical processes in conjunction with fermentation, composting, and cryogenic recycling.    USE - To dispose of and recycle refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The process recovers materials and energy which are lost under prior art refuse disposal systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process consists of coarse presorting, with separation of large non biodegradable items subsequently sorted according to type of material. Separated biodegradable substances are then shredded together with residual non biodegradable substances, and the substances are classified. Non biodegradable substances are cryo-recycled, with frangible compounds broken down. Biodegradable substances are separated by wet suspension and are then fermented to generate methane, followed by intensive and long-term composting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic arrangement of the refuse treatment system.
A quick fermentation process for preparing active microbe fertilizer from the dung of fowls and animals includes such technological steps as reducing the water content in the dung from 80% to 50-60%, adding BNS- bacteria and BNS-2 accompanist (or EM bacterial liquid and BNS-2 accompanist), stirring at ambient temperature not higher than 65 degreesC, anaerobic stacking for 5-8 days, drying in sun for 1-2 days, aerobic stacking for 1-2 days, drying in air for 3-5 days, crushing, sieving and packing. Its advantages are short fermentation period, less investment on equipment, low cost and high fertility.
NOVELTY - The sheet (2) having heat-resistant and phosphoric acid proof property, is laminated in inner surface of manifold.    USE -   For manifold used in phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Anti-corrosion sheet provided onto manifold, resists corrosion due to stay of gas or water vapor and sheet of uniform thickness can be obtained at cheaper cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and perspective diagram of assembled state of box-type shape sheet. (2) Insulation sheet.
Processing of weeds comprises removing weeds from fields which are shredded and processed at a high temperature to avoid the germination of harmful seed mixed with the weeds. Processed weeds are fermented to obtain a compost. Also claimed is: (i) the cultivation of plant using the compost acquired; (ii) the apparatus for processing of weeds having a shredder, heater and fermenter. The weeds are shredded in a shredder and processed at a high temperature to inactivate the harmful seeds mixed with the weeds. Fermentation of heat processed weeds is done in a fermenter.    USE -   The method is used for the processing of weeds obtained from public ground, road, park, river bed and vacant lots.    ADVANTAGE -   Environmental pollution due to incineration of weeds is avoided and a compost used as a fertilizer is obtained. Germination of harmful seed present in the weeds are avoided.
NOVELTY - A fluid containing size-controlled particles for use as the standard in calibration of particle size and filter performance is prepared by using the target fluid as the matrix fluid under conditions approximating to actual conditions, but avoiding dispersion by direct spraying of particles into a reactive matrix fluid.    USE - The fluid obtained as a result of the preparation method is used as the standard for calibrating particle size (scale adjustment or correction) of light-scattering particle measurement instruments and for testing the particle collection performance of filters.    ADVANTAGE - The accuracy of light-scattering particle measurement instruments is improved and better agreement can be obtained between testing performance data and actual use data when employed in the performance testing of particle-removing filter efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing a fluid containing size-controlled particles comprises:    (a) pre-dispersion of starting particles (I) (inert to matrix fluid (II)) by mixing and dispersion into high-purity carrier gas (inert with respect to particles);    (b) fractionation by passing (I)-loaded carrier gas through a dry-process fractionator;    (c) electrostatic collection of the resulting size-controlled particles on a porous member (PM, comprising material inert to (II)) by passing loaded gas through this PM; and    (d) a main dispersion process comprising release of size-controlled particles from PM, mixing and dispersion of these particles into (II) by passing a flow of (II) through PM and simultaneously applying ultrasonic vibrations to PM.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the setup illustrating the first half of the method.    Carrier gas source (12)    Starting particle source (16)    Fractionator (22)    Collector (26)    Porous member (27)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a modular construction. Distribution modules (2) include connections for cells and gas vessels. They include grouped (5), electrical (6), and gas (7) connections for fuel cell modules (3). Further grouped connections (7a) accommodate gas vessels (4). Main electrical consumer terminals (10,11) are provided. Appropriate interconnecting lines for electricity and gas (13,14,15) are built into the distribution modules. Also included are mechanical couplings for the fuel cells and gas vessels.    USE - A modular construction system for fuel cell electrical generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The system can be constructed rapidly and easily, to match a variety of requirements. The novice can rapidly extend the system, building in further modules, to meet increased power demand. Fast-acting gas connectors and plug-in electrical systems facilitate change and maintenance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic plan block diagram illustrates the concept.    distribution modules (2)    grouped connections (5, 5a)    electrical connections (6)    gas connections (7,7a)    main electrical consumer connections (10, 11)    electrical consumer (12)    interconnecting lines for electricity and gas (13, 14; 15)
NOVELTY - In a process to determine the concentration of a chemical substance in a medium by use of a sensor (3), information is first recorded showing the relationship between an increase in concentration of the chemical and the consequential change in the signal (M) from the sensor (3).    USE - To determine the concentration of a chemical substance in a medium with a sensor, e.g. following accidental or deliberate opening of a valve in a chemical process, the rupture of a gas pipe, or the fuel-air ratio in a petrol engine.    ADVANTAGE - The time taken to detect the change from e.g. several minutes to a few seconds can be reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - During subsequent sensor (3) operation, a change in the signal measured, arising from a rapid change in the concentration in comparison with the sensor response rate, the initial signal time-response (M) following the change is analyzed. The probable change in concentration is derived by comparison with the information from the initial record. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a suitable sensor assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic arrangement of the sensor (3) in the detection system.    sensor (3)
NOVELTY - An arrangement for energy conversion comprises at least two fuel cell stacks (1-10) and at least one reformer unit (2-11). The reformer unit serves for at least partial reforming of an outlet fuel for the preparation of a fuel or fuel mixture. Each fuel cell stack serves for generating electrical energy by an exothermic conversion of the fuel gas or fuel gas mixture with the oxidation gas. With the exothermic conversion, heat generated is used to heat up the reformer unit. The fuel cell stacks and the reformer unit are located together inside a thermally insulated container (3-8). A heat coupling between the fuel cell stacks on one hand and the reformer unit on the other hand is given across their surfaces.    USE - NONE GIVEN    ADVANTAGE - Inexpensive and efficient heat coupling between the fuel cell stacks and the reformer unit.
The refuse fermentation treatment method includes the following steps: sorting the refuse, taking out recoverable refuse, placing other refuse into a fermentation chamber, feeding air into the fermentation chamber from its bottom to provide oxygen gas to ferment the refuse, and using a heap-turning machine to turn the refuse heap upside down every day or every second day, and moving the fermented refuse heap forwards at a distance, and converting the fermented refuse into organic fertilizer, and pumping the waste gas produced by fermentation into the incinerator to burn it.
NOVELTY - The composition includes a dense phase fluid and a dense phase fluid modifier having specific functional groups (I) and (II).    USE - For removing photoresist materials used in the manufacture of semiconductor wafers, chips and integrated circuits and other electronic components such as circuit boards, optical waveguides and flat panel display.    ADVANTAGE - The composition behaves both as liquid and gas by maintaining it in supercritical state which enables complete dissolution of fluid modifier effectively. The composition is more suitable for use in wafer metallization than organic solvents, acidic/alkaline solutions and plasma which create hazardous environmental problems, corrosion of metallization and oxidation of wafer surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composition contains dense phase fluid and a dense phase fluid modifier having specific functional groups of formula (I) and (II).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the removal of photoresist material from substrates. A substrate is contacted with the supercritical composition containing dense phase fluid and dense phase fluid modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the removal process of photoresist material.    Fluid reservoir; (10)    Fluid modifier reservoir; (12)    Pump; (24)    Ballast tanks; (36,38,40)    Process vessel; (54)    Separator vessel; (66a-66c)    Fluid condenser (70)
NOVELTY - Uses catalyst comprising rhodium dispersed on refractory oxide support having cerium and zirconium cations to generate hydrogen by self-sustaining partial oxidation for use in fuel cells.    USE - For use in hydrogen generation in fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - Provides self-sustaining partial oxidation and steam reforming to produce hydrogen with high selectivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system including the hydrogen production unit.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen is catalytically generated by oxidation of dimethyl ether (DME) organic fuel, optionally in the presence of steam.    USE - The process is used for hydrogen generation in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The combination of steam-reforming and partial oxidation is more efficient than either process separately. DME is preferred to methanol as the fuel because it is less toxic, less hygroscopic and has a higher energy density. It is easily liquefied and may become more readily available than methanol if it is adopted as an alternative to diesel fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A self-starting, self-sustaining process comprises contacting a mixture of DME, an oxygen-containing gas and optionally steam with a precious metal catalyst which is selective for the oxidative reforming of organic fuel.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system including a hydrogen production unit operating the above process.
NOVELTY - Barrier foam for the protection of the skin from water, allergens poor other skin irritants, is new.    USE - The composition is used as barrier for protecting skin from water, allergens, poisons, toxins and other skin irritants, which helps to prevent eczema, latex allergies, contact irritation, chemical absorption, dermatitis, chemical burns, soap irritations, dry skin conditions, dishpan hands, diaper rash and windburn. The composition can be used by e.g. health care workers, flight attendants, beauticians, mechanics, and restaurant employees.    ADVANTAGE - The composition provides a barrier for at least 4 hours. The composition allows the skin to breathe and perspire normally, and is still effective after washing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Barrier foam for the protection of the skin from water, allergens poor other skin irritants, comprises:    (a) 70.00-90.00 wt. % water;    (b) 7.00-9.00 wt. % butane;    (c) 2.00-4.00 wt. % glyceryl monostearate;    (d) 1.50-3.50 wt. % dimethicone polyol;    (e) 1.00-3.00 wt. % propane;    (f) 0.50-2.50 wt. % lanolin;    (g) 0.50-2.50 wt. % stearic acid; and    (h) 0.05-1.05 wt. % methylchloroisothiazolinone or methylisothiazolinone.
NOVELTY - The wastewater-recyclable polymerisation process for producing polyaniline resin does not require a cooling system and alleviates pollution problems by recycling the acidic aqueous solution.    USE - A process for producing a polyaniline powder is provided which can be used to prepare conductive paints and particles.    ADVANTAGE - The acidic aqueous solution which is usually discarded as wastewater in a conventional process is recycled, the unreacted acid solution and monomers contained in the aqueous solution are reused, thereby removing the toxic materials from the wastewater and alleviating pollution problems. The process is carried out at room temperature without the need for a cooling water system, and so costs are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises:    (a) feeding into a reactor a first amount of an aniline monomer, a first amount of an oxidizing agent to undergo polymerisation so as to produce polyaniline resin particles;    (b) filtering the polyaniline resin particles from an acidic aqueous solution formed during the polymerisation;    (c) neutralizing and drying the polyaniline resin particles to form a powder;    (d) recycling the acidic aqueous solution by returning the acidic aqueous solution into the reactor to mix with a second amount of an aniline monomer, and a second amount of an oxidizing agent; and    (e) permitting the aniline monomer to undergo polymerisation at room temperature in the presence of the recycled acidic aqueous solution without cooling the reactor.
NOVELTY - Crushed waste plastic (17) is supplied with burnt ash (8a), to the ash melting furnace (13). The waste plastic are liquefied and supplied to combustion unit (13a) as an auxiliary fuel.    USE - USE For melting burnt ash generated during incineration of city refuse in rotary firegrate furnace.    ADVANTAGE - ADVANTAGE The gasification of all waste plastic before arriving to combustion unit is prevented and therefore fuel cost for melting is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram which shows the ash melting furnace. (8a) Burnt ash; (13) Ash melting furnace; (13a) Combustion unit; (17) Crushed waste plastic.
NOVELTY - The waste (3) containing plastics, aluminum and magnesium obtained from main waste (1) are crushed. Iron (2) is then converted to iron oxide (4) and mixed with waste (3). This is then solidified using plastics as the solidifying agent.    USE -   As a solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE -   The ashes obtained after combustion of solid fuel serves as the harmless molten iron that can be recycled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing process of solid fuel. (1) Main waste; (2) Iron; (3) Waste; (4) Iron oxide.
NOVELTY - The composting apparatus consists of air permeable process bag (4) for composting the processed material (6). The process bag is accommodated inside the accommodation unit (2) provided with an exhaust gas tower (3) and configured on base member (1). The base member has an aeration unit to aerate the processed material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the composting method. The process material is mixed with ferment microbe in the process bag and fermented by aerating it upwards. The aeration is carried out by maintaining a passage substantially.    USE -   For composting processed materials such as organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE -   The warming of the processed material activates the microbes and fastens composting especially during winter in cold districts, and in outdoors leading to efficient composting. The reduction of biological oxygen demand and absence of putrefaction prevents the generation of waste water with bad smell and fly ash, thus preventing environmental pollution. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional chart of composting apparatus. (1) Base member; ; (2) Accommodation unit; ; (3) Exhaust gas tower; ; (4) Process bag; ; (6) Processed material.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has decomposition tank (2) to carry out decomposition of organic waste and water tank (4) to store water. The odor generated from decomposition tank is deodorized by dissolving it in water tank and removing impurities. Pipeline (8) and water pump (9) are provided to cool the water in water tank.    USE -   For decomposition of organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE -   The vaporization of water in water tank is suppressed and unnecessary replenishment of water is eliminated. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire block diagram of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (2) Decomposition tank; ; (4) Water tank; ; (8) Pipeline; ; (8a) Heat exchange part; ; (9) Water pump; ; (10) Ozone introduction pipe; ; (11) Ozonizer.
NOVELTY - A control unit for rotating a ventilating fan (30) in the reverse direction, is synchronized with operation of stirrer (18). The external air is sucked into a processing chamber (1) via a filter (36) which is arranged at an exhaust port by reverse rotation of fan. The normal rotation of fan is performed intermittently so that air inside processing chamber is ejected via the filter.    USE -   The apparatus is used in organic substance processing machine.    ADVANTAGE -   The adhering of materials on filter surface is prevented because the suction and ejection of air for processing chamber is carried out through same filter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exterior perspective diagram of organic processing machine with control plate. (1) Processing chamber; (18) Stirrer; (36) Filter.    EXAMPLE - No relevant example given.
NOVELTY - The organic waste is pulverized and received in an equalizing tank (4). Then pulverized organic waste is passed via a filter (7) in a decomposition tank (6). The microorganism is dissolved in water supplied to the tank. The undissolved microorganism adhered to a filter bed is decomposed and dissolved in water by using ultrasonic wave produced from an ultrasonic generator (10).    USE -   For processing organic waste using microorganisms at home and for business use.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases biodegeneration efficiency. Improves mineralization process. Provides biological treatment apparatus with improved waste water purification capability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of organic-waste processing apparatus. (4) Equalizing tank; (6) Decomposition tank; (7) Filter; (10) Ultrasonic generator.
NOVELTY - Organic carbon contents (8) are composted by utilizing the heat energy produced during decomposition of nitrogen content in human excreta (9) in the presence of aerobic micro-organism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The excretion tank (1) is filled with substance having organic carbon content in predetermined amounts and is provided with spiral vanes (2) for stirring. Aerobic micro-organism is added to excreta tank, for fermenting urine and feces. The heat produced is utilized for composting the organic carbon contents.    USE -   The processed human waste is used as manure.    ADVANTAGE -   The contamination of river, ocean etc is prevented as sewage water emerging is treated efficiently. The fermentation capacity is enhanced as the saw dust, fecal matter and urine or mixed homogeneously in a crossing portion. The unpleasant odor, insanitary condition in the lavatories can be prevented. Heating the air in closed space of treatment is enabled. The fermentation capacity is improved by the uniform mixing of saw dusk, faeces and urine during treatment. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of toilet for human waste treatments. (1) Excretion tank; ; (2) Spiral vanes; ; (4) Heater; ; (8) Organic carbon content; ; (9) Urine and faces; ; (K) Cross point.
NOVELTY - An air introduction board (41) is distributed to the upper portion of a heater body. The air introduction board has an air supply port (46) provided to the upper portion of the chamber, to form an air inlet (44). The supply port is opened and closed to control and allow supply of air to the lower portion of the combustion chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - End of a heater body (11) is connected to exhaust chimney (14) leading to exhaust exit (13). A combustion chamber (21) with an upper vent, is formed within the heater body. Stay combustion of smoke generated from the solid fuel (F) of waste plastic subjected to pulverization, compression, solidification.    USE -   For use in industrial plant, business establishment.    ADVANTAGE -   Generation of incineration ashes is decreased effectively. Life prolongation of ultimate disposal of solid fuel is achieved. Recycle industry of the waste plastics in the generating business establishment, is promoted. Comprehensive design control and service management are also enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of combustion equipment. (1) Combustion equipment; (11) Heater body; (13) Exhaust exit; (14) Exhaust chimney; (21) Combustion chamber; (41) Air introduction board; (44) Air inlet; (46) Air supply port.
NOVELTY - A method for the purification of metal(s) containing water is new and is characterized by: (a) being fully continuous; (b) water flowing through a moving bed reactor, inoculated with viable microorganisms; (c) a part of the microorganism biomass, laden with metals, is evacuated from the reactor; and (d) the microorganism biomass loss is equal to the microorganism biomass growth.    USE - The method and the plant are useful for the purification (i.e. removal and/or recovery) of metal(s) from waste water (aqueous media).    ADVANTAGE - The method is a continuous method and does not require reactivation of the reactor with microorganisms during the purification process. Also the plant does not require the parallel use of several reactor vessels. A few or no waste is generated and does not require the conception of large amounts of chemicals for the purification. The plant and the method is simple, easy to use and is not expensive. The contaminant is transformed into a harmless, economically important or more easily removable    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a plant for the continuous purification of metal(s) containing water comprising a moving bed reactor inoculated with live microorganisms, means for the evacuation of a part of the microorganisms laden with metal(s), means for feeding of the microorganisms, a separator for the recovery of the microorganisms laden with metals and separated from the treated water and means for the recycling of the treated water.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for treating biological waste comprises rotating elements separated by a gap. The biological waste passes through the gap.    USE - The arrangement is used to treat biological waste.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus has a high throughput.
NOVELTY - Biological filtration material is housed in a separate carrier set into the cover of the vessel and detachably fixed to it    USE - To collect and contain biological waste    ADVANTAGE - The filter material can be easily released from the cover and exchanged without touching it.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an overall perspective view of the vessel    Cover (11)    Collecting vessel (12)    Filter carrier (13)
NOVELTY - A concentration measuring device has a polymeric element (12) having volumetric proportions which are sensitive to the presence of the measured gas / vapor, and an optical measuring system. A beam (36) from a light source (24) is focussed on to a movable, light reflecting foil element (20) which extends between the polymeric element (12) and a carrier (16) so that the reflected beam (36') can be detected by a beam-position sensing device (28). The polymeric element may contain a Peltier element to maintain predetermined temperatures and allow measurement of specific gases / vapors in gaseous mixtures. A preferred polymeric element is a sheet of a polysiloxane material, of thickness between 1 micron and 3 mm.    USE - Measurement of concentrations of one or more, e.g. harmful, gases or vapors in air, or other atmospheres; also for pollutant species in liquids.    ADVANTAGE - Compact, robust, simple operating principle, essentially maintenance -free device which is cost effective to produce from standard components. The device can be used for continuous on-line monitoring, and has good signal : noise ratio.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Polymeric elements are selected for their swelling characteristics in conjunction with the chemical species required to be measured, e.g. polyvinylmercaptopropylsiloxane is suitable for detection of chlorinated hydrocarbons, ethane, butane, benzene, and toluene. It is preferred that the polymer is cross-linked, particularly if it is to be used at higher pressures. For the optical system the preferred light source is a laser diode , with a segmented photo-diode as a detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a schematic elevation of a pollutant detecting polymeric element and an optical measurement system.    polymeric element (12)    carrier (16)    gas inlet (18)    reflecting element (20)    light source (24)    reflected beam detector. (32)
NOVELTY - This fuel cell stack has just one centrally designed channel (2) over the anode outlets (4) in the fuel cells (1) which can reform fuel or cause its oxidation. Reformed or oxidized fuel passes out through the anode outlets. Fuel flow can be reversed to go out from the central channel.    USE - For reforming or oxidizing fuel such as gas.    ADVANTAGE - This fuel cell stack has an integrated reformer in which heat flow is optimized and few problems of consistency are encountered, because only one channel needs to be sealed. The number of joints to be sealed are minimized. Improved heat exchange between reactions occurring inside the fuel cell stack is ensured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the operational flow of the present invention.    Centrally designed channel (2)    Anode outlets (4)    Fuel cells (1)
NOVELTY - In a biological process for treating waste water, an acclimatization and amplification system is used to produce large amounts of high capacity and high specificity microorganisms for biodegradation of organic and/or inorganic waste products. A single inoculum is used to produce huge amounts of bacteria which in turn allow multiple injections of selectively adapted microorganisms. (N.B. The specification does not include any claims).    USE - Used to treat waste water, especially sewage.    ADVANTAGE - The system enables high production of biologically adapted microorganisms which effectively degrade organic waste materials in effluent and enables the microorganisms to better cope with the heavy imbalance of sewage load to microbial population. The PAAC can partially purify the water from pathogenic microorganisms before they reach the municipal sewage plant and/or the environment. The treatment can also reduce the numbers of e.g. opportunistic bacteria which are more likely to produce foul odors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a biological process for treating waste water, an acclimatization and amplification pretreatment is used to produce large amounts of adapted microorganisms. The pretreatment uses waste water as cultivation medium. The waste water is pumped using peristaltic pumps into a pre-acclimatization and amplification chamber (PAAC) and the resulting medium containing acclimatized microorganisms is released into the effluent. Additional pumps are provided to supply nutrients and air/oxygen to promote a better acclimatization environment for the organisms. The PAAC is also linked to a pH and temperature sensor. To maximize the amplification of the acclimatized population, the PAAC comprises polymer devices (preferably plastic rollers) to increase the growing surface area for the microorganisms. (N.B. The specification as supplied does not include claims; the abstract has been based on the general scope of the disclosure).
NOVELTY - A film composition for accelerated compost fermentation comprises a polyether chain polymer and has respective water vapor, oxygen and carbon dioxide permeabilities of 300 g/meter squared.24hr, 1000 centimeter cubed/meter squared.24 hr and 10,000 centimeter cubed/meter squared.24 hr.    USE - As a film in accelerating compost fermentation (claimed)    ADVANTAGE - Compost formation is accelerated and the pollution of underground water is prevented.
NOVELTY - By controlling temperatures in the isomerization zone and performing most of the benzene saturation upstream, the process can accommodate rapid swings in benzene concentration while allowing for the use of a sulfated zirconia isomerization catalyst.    USE - For use in isomerization of benzene-containing paraffin streams to produce gasoline blending components.    ADVANTAGE - Can accommodate varying levels of benzene in the feedstream while achieving high isomerization efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogenation of benzene and isomerization of 4-6C paraffins involves:    (a) passing at least part of the feedstream and a hydrogen-containing stream to benzene saturation zone for contact with saturation catalyst to produce intermediate stream comprising cyclohexane and 4-6C n-paraffins;    (b) passing the intermediate stream to isomerization zone for contact with isomerization catalyst to increase isoparaffin content and produce isomerization zone output stream;    (c) passing a quench stream comprising at least part of the feedstream or output stream directly into isomerization zone when the benzene content exceeds 5 wt.%; and    (d) recovering isomerization effluent stream comprising at least part of the output stream.
NOVELTY - Conversion of low protein, cellulose containing waste into a fodder supplement under aerobic conditions is new.    USE - The method is useful for converting a waste substance, which is a low protein, cellulose containing waste an organic or inorganic substance selected from ammonium sulphate, urea, sodium chloride and animal manures into a protinacious nutritional product (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In the claimed aerobic conversion the waste is inoculated with a microorganism capable of converting cellulose into carbohydrates and with another microorganism capable of converting carbohydrate into protein, another microorganism is present to convert carbohydrate into a preservative organic acid to prevent the accumulation of carbohydrates and the consequent inhibition of the conversion of cellulose into carbohydrates.
NOVELTY - In the removal of carbon dioxide from a gas stream using methyldiethanolamine as absorbent, an aminoalkylethanolamine is used as activator to accelerate the absorption of carbon dioxide.    USE - The process is particularly used for the removal of carbon dioxide (and other acid gases) from natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The activator increases the amount of CO2 which can be absorbed from gases containing liquid hydrocarbons by about 15-20% (compared with the activators cited in WO-A-8911327).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A regenerative process for the deacidification of a gas containing carbon dioxide and a liquid hydrocarbon includes an absorption step and a regeneration step in which loaded absorbent liquid is treated to release CO2 and then recycled to the absorption step. The absorbent liquid is based on methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and contains an accelerator for the absorption of CO2 by the amine. The liquid hydrocarbon content of the gas is greater than 14 liters per million standard cubic meters of gas. The activator is at least one compound of formula (I).    n = 1-4.    (The disclosure indicates that this compound is of formula H2N-CnH2n-NH-CH2-CH2OH).
NOVELTY - Methane is converted to higher hydrocarbons by pyrolysing methane in oxygen at 1000-1200 degreesC and at 30-40 bars, rapidly cooling the mixture by expansion of gaseous phase and recovering 2-3C hydrocarbons generated from reaction mixture by distillation.    USE - For converting hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - Significant selectivity is given to useful products.
NOVELTY - A composting container comprises a modular framework of wire nets, grilles or expanded metal pieces welded in metal frames.    USE - For composting domestic biological and garden waste.    ADVANTAGE - The design prevents entry of rats and other small mammals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A wood clad, domestic biological and garden waste composting container comprises a modular structure of standard components in the form of galvanized steel (or aluminum) wire nets, grilles or expanded metal pieces welded in galvanized steel (or aluminum) frames at all sides and at the top and bottom of the container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the composting container prior to cladding with wooden boards.
NOVELTY - A shredder assembly (18) surrenders reduced refuse to a fermentation tank (10) which has a dewatering unit (26) which discharges water through a pipe (28) to a water treatment plant (30). The dewatering unit also has an outlet (32) for semisolids and solids. The water treatment plant has an incoming pipe (34) for water removed from a settlement basin.    USE - As a refuse treatment plant with dewatering unit.    ADVANTAGE - Following removal from the fermentation tank, the water is rendered fit for conventional biological treatment without further special processes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic layout of the refuse treatment plant.
NOVELTY - A compost bucket operated turning unit is new and comprises a swivel deflector.    USE - Compost heap bucket-operated turning unit.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly can remove mature compost either side of the elongated heap, and remove any matter which may be unwanted from the heap.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A linear compost heap (1) rests on an elongated bed which is straddled by a rail mounted (8) crane bridge (4). The bridge (4) has a scoop wheel (11) rotating at right angles to the heap axis, picking up composting material which is released onto the lower end of a rising conveyer belt (10) whose axis of rotation is the same as that of the scoops. The belt moves compost from one location in the heap to a second location. The higher end of the conveyer belt has a swivel deflector (19) which can divert compost to a transverse conveyer (18) straddling the heap. The transverse conveyer releases the captured compost onto a lower side-conveyer (19) parallel to the elongated heap. The transverse conveyer can operate in either direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of the compost heap bucket and main conveyer, and transverse conveyer.
The synthetic liquid fuel is compounded with basic material including methanol and ethanol as well as additives including stearic acid, peroxide of oil and grease, potassium chlorate, zinc peroxide, methyl benzene, methane, cyclohexane, etc. and through mixing and heating to react.    USE -   It may be used to replace diesel oil and other petroleum product used in power generation, casting, building material and other industrial fields.    ADVANTAGE -   The invention has high heat value and good atomizing and burning effect and can meet the requirement of relevant environment protection standard.
NOVELTY - Module for separating a product gas from a mixed stream especially in a fuel cell system comprises a mixed stream chamber having a first flow, a purge / product stream chamber having a countercurrent flow and an intervening membrane which is selectively permeable to the product gas.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The module and method maximizes product gas recovery and purity levels. The pressure of the purge/product gas is slightly higher than that of the mixed gas so that the purity of the product gas will not be affected by leakage across poor seals or membrane pinholes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a fuel cell system which includes a burner module and an H2 purification module for supply of purified H2 to the fuel cell;    (2) a method of supplying purified H2 to a fuel cell which includes providing an H2 purification module and storing the purified H2;    (3) a method of extracting H2 from an H2 rich stream using a module with an O2-conducting ceramic membrane by electrochemically reacting H2 and oxygen ions on the first side of the membrane to form water vapor and electrochemically reacting water vapor on the other side of the membrane to form H2 and oxygen ions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a separation module of the invention    Mixed gas flow chamber (14)    Purge/product gas flow chamber (16)    Gas separation membrane (12)    Mixed gas inlet (22)    Purge gas inlet (26)
NOVELTY - Sulfhydryl compounds are scavenged from sour aqueous and hydrocarbon substrates by treating them with an aldehyde-ammonia trimer containing no alkoxyalkylene substituents.    USE - The process is used to remove sulfhydryl compounds, e.g. hydrogen sulfide, thiols, thiol carboxylic acids and dithio acids, from aqueous and hydrocarbon substrates (e.g. waste water and crude petroleum). It is particularly useful for treating natural gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The trimers have a high uptake capacity for hydrogen sulfide and are made from cheap materials. They do not give an undesirable level of foaming or an undesirable level of precipitate formation.
NOVELTY - A waste water treatment method (I) involving microorganisms, useful in purifying industrial waste and for treating lipid waste from restaurants, is new. Treatment is carried out using a flexible bag containing a preparation of dried and concentrated microorganisms (suitable for degrading the waste). Water is added to form a liquid culture medium in the bag which is used to inoculate the waste (the addition of the microorganisms is metered).    USE - The culture medium is used to degrade waste from a restaurant (claimed) or waste produced in an industrial setting (claimed). It may be used for treating a drain line to degrade lipids that tend to clog it (claimed). It may be used for hydrocarbon waste, particularly lipids, aromatic, aliphatic and other organic compounds.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is easy to set up and operate. It can be retrofitted to existing waste storage vessels (e.g. in restaurant kitchens and in industrial plants). The degraded solution is nonpolluting and can be removed to a sewage system without posing risk to the environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A waste water treatment method (I), which comprises:    (i) providing a flexible bag containing a dried and concentrated microorganism preparation (4x1010 to 1014 living cells/g) that can degrade the waste material (the microorganisms are dried and concentrated for storage and shipment in the bag prior to use);    (ii) filling the bag with water to form a liquid culture medium with the microorganisms at the site of treatment;    (iii) inoculating the waste with an initial charge of the concentrated microorganisms; and    (iv) metering the liquid culture medium from the bag (using a feed line leading from the bag through a pump at periodic intervals over 24 hours) into the waste material to degrade it (the liquid culture medium is maintained at ambient temperatures during the metering).
NOVELTY - A control mechanism controls the temperature and pressure of a cold storage (1) within the decomposition point of clathrate of a hydrocarbon (HC) coolant. A quantity of the clathrate and water is sent for cooling a load (10). A primary refrigeration cycle contains the cold storage portion containing the HC coolant as a guest fluid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compressor (2), a condenser (3), a pressurizing mechanism (4) are connected directly to the cold storage and the pressure inside the cold storage is controlled in the clathrate formation range depending upon the load class ratio. The HC coolant contains a mixture of isobutane (R600a), cyclopropane (RC270), propane (R290), propylene (R1270) and ethane (R170).    USE -   For cold storage etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides efficient performance of cooling cold storage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a freezer. (1) Cold storage; (2) Compressor; (3) Condenser; (4) Pressurizing mechanism; (10) Load.
NOVELTY - The waste plastics fed through feed pipe (2) are heated by electric heaters (7) configured on the inner tube of the pipe. The heated plastics are supplied to the furnace.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the waste plastic supply apparatus which includes a pushing unit (5) connected to the rear portion of feed pipe (2). A plunger (13) is provided to transfer the waste plastic to the furnace. The feed pipe has inner and outer tubes. A high temperature fluid is poured in a gap to further melt the waste plastics. A low temperature fluid is poured in the gap when waste plastic is to be maintained in a solid state at rear portion of inner tube during stoppage of supply of plastics.    USE -   For supply of waste plastics to furnace which is used as a supplement charging material.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the waste plastics are heated, supply to furnace is smooth. Since the advance or reversing of plunger is easily carried out, arbitrary cross-sectional shapes can be specified. During stoppage of supply by pouring low temperature fluid, blockage of the rear portion of the tube is performed so that leakage of high temperature gas to exterior is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows expanded view of the waste supply plastic apparatus. (2) Feed pipe; ; (5) Pushing unit; ; (7) Electric heater; (13) Plunger.
NOVELTY - Organic waste, such as food press lees, food residue and sewage sludge, is incinerated after carrying out the decomposition of the organic component by the fermentation process.    USE -   For incinerating sewage sludge, livestock excrement, food press leas, food residue.    ADVANTAGE -   Dioxin content is reduced sharply using simple technique. Use of expensive activated carbon is avoided. Quantity of the incineration fly ash collected with a bag filter is also reduced. Provides effective usage of the by-product such as methane produced during zymosis.
NOVELTY - Waste plastic (2), oil bath residue (1) and outflowing crude oil are subjected to heat mixing in the presence of calcium hydroxide or iron powder or both as catalyst. Solid or gel like granules are obtained after processing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel. Waste plastic, oil bath residue and crude oil are contained in the fuel.    USE -   For fuel.    ADVANTAGE -   Oil residues from storage tanks, transportation tanks etc are put to effective use. Harmful gases such as hydrogen chloride are neutralised and removed thereby preventing the corrosion of combustion furnaces and boilers. Pollution is controlled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the process of the manufacture of fuel. (1) Oil bath residue; ; (2) Waste plastic.
NOVELTY - Seed compost (which processes sludge by microorganism) and sludge are added inside an air-tight fermenter (1). Air is scavenged and fermented in the fermenter. A scavenging-exhaust gas circulation unit exhausts and processes the exhaust gas which is formed by zymosis. The processed air is again introduced into the fermenter and fermentation of sludge is carried out. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for sludge processing apparatus.    USE -   For processing sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE -   Generation of bad smell is eliminated since, processing is carried out under favorable environment. Processing time is shortened by avoiding stirring and increasing the fermentation temperature. The germination of weeds is eliminated. Inoculation of sludge, water content adjustment and nutrition reinforcement are performed easily. The quality of obtained compost is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the sludge processing apparatus. Parts list: (1) Primary fermenter; (2) Secondary fermenter; (4,4a,4b) Exhaust tube; (5) Demister; (6) Blower; (7,7a,7b) Scavenging pipes.
NOVELTY - A fermenting and a treatment tank (11) are partition by a baffle plate (14) which has a stirring apparatus. The processing material from the treatment tank surpasses the plate into the fermenting tank and is aerobically fermentated. Notch (14a) is formed on the right-side of the blade at the upper end of the baffle plate in which the stirring blade is position.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fermenting and a treatment tank (11) are partition by a baffle plate (14). The baffle plate has a stirring apparatus comprising a stirring blade (22) supported vertically along the rotational axis (21) and rotates unidirectionally. The processing material from the treatment tank surpasses the plate into the fermenting tank and is aerobically fermentated. Notch (14a) is formed on the right-side of the blade at the upper end of the baffle plate where the stirring blade is position.    USE -   For processing organic waste.    ADVANTAGE -   The apparatus is compact and provides good quality compost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the explanatory drawing of the apparatus. (11) Treatment tank; ; (14) Baffle plate; ; (14a) Notch; ; (16) Exhaust outlet; ; (21) Rotational axis; ; (22) Stirring blade.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse is processed in a treatment tank (11) by aerobic fermentation decomposition. Exhaust gas formed during the decomposition is circulated by an air circulation unit (30) equipped with an air outlet and inlet (31,32). The water present in the recirculating air is condensed by a chiller (34). A waste water-gas outlet (35) ejects a part of recirculating air with the water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mixture containing organic refuse and a medium is supplied into the treatment tank equipped with a stirrer (20). The mixture was stirred and is deposited as compost in the tank by aerobic fermentation decomposition. Exhaust gas formed during the decomposition is circulated by air circulation unit equipped with an air outlet and inlet. The water present in the recirculating air is condensed by the chiller. The waste water-gas outlet ejects a part of recirculating air along with the water.    USE -   The treatment tank is useful for processing organic refuse such as domestic waste.    ADVANTAGE -   Water present in the recirculating air is removed efficiently, therefore humidity in treatment tank is maintained at optimum condition. The leakage of bad smell generating during decomposition of organic refuse from processing apparatus, is restrained. Size and cost of the apparatus is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the organic refuse processing apparatus. (11) Treatment tank; ; (20) Stirrer; ; (30) Air circulation unit; ; (31) Air outlet; ; (32) Air inlet; ; (35) Waste water-exhaust gas outlet.
NOVELTY - The main screw performs the volume reduction emission of the refuse through an outlet (12). The pre-screw is set to face the side of the main screw by equipping the side of the heat tube with the hopper in the cross shape. The compression ratio of main screw and the pre-screw is set to a minimum of 1:2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A pre-screw is equipped in a hopper (1) which is mounted on side of a heat tube (6) of a plasticized extrusion unit (5) which is equipped with a main screw (13). The pre-screw kneads the supplied refuse and sends it to the heat tube for melting kneading process.    USE -   For solidification processing of organic refuse, plastic refuse and paper refuse taken out from home and food counter of supermarket.    ADVANTAGE -   The size of the refuse volume reduction solidification processing apparatus is prevented from being expanded by simplified composition. The volume reduction solidification process effect is promoted by increasing the compression ratio of the pre-screw. Reliable sending operation of the refuse is performed by the pre-screw. Cost reduction effect is obtained by simple composition of the apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of the refuse volume reduction solidification processing apparatus. (1) Hopper; (5) Plasticized extrusion unit; (6) Heat tube; (12) Outlet; (13) Main screw.
NOVELTY - A cutting unit (10) is installed ahead of a pushing outlet (1) of plasticized extrusion unit. The cutting unit is equipped with two cutter blades (11,13) which are movably arranged in vertical direction. Arbitrary clearances (20) are formed between the cutter blades and the pushing outlet.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A pre-screw is equipped in a hopper which is mounted on side of a heat tube of plasticized extrusion unit which has a main screw. The pre-screw kneads the refuse and sends it to the heat tube for melting kneading process. The main screw ejects the refuse to the cutting unit through the pushing outlet. The cutting unit performs the cutting operation of the continuous like shape of the extruded refuse.    USE -   For solidification processing of organic refuse, plastic refuse and paper refuse taken out from home and food counter of supermarket.    ADVANTAGE -   The cutting operation of the refuse is smoothly performed without stoppage of the volume reduction solidification process line. The melting kneading of the refuse is promoted by providing heating structure in the hopper.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross sectional view of cutting unit. (1) Pushing outlet; (10) Cutting unit; (11,13) Cutter blades; (20) Arbitrary clearance.
NOVELTY - A pre-screw is equipped in a hopper (1) which is mounted on the side of a heat tube (6) of a plasticized extrusion unit (5) which is equipped with a main screw (13). The pre-screw kneads the supplied refuse and sends it to the main screw of the heat tube for melting. Water escape grooves are formed on braids of main screw for discharging the water component during heating process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A water escape line (8) is formed on the inner wall of the heat tube from the communicating position of the pre-screw.    USE -   For solidification processing of organic refuse, plastic refuse and paper refuse taken out from home and food counter of supermarket.    ADVANTAGE -   The explosion is prevented at the time of volume reduction of solid extrusion of refuse by providing water escape grooves and water escape line. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of the refuse volume reduction solidification processing apparatus. (1) Hopper; (5) Plasticized extrusion unit; (6) Heat tube; (8) Water escape line; (13) Main screw.
NOVELTY - A bio treatment tank (12) consists of a crusher (23) and a stirrer (24) to crush and stir the supplied organic refuse. The driving of the crusher and stirrer are performed separately by a motor (61).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The output shafts (71,72) of the motor are connected to the input shafts (32,41) of crusher and stirrer respectively through the one way clutches (36,43). Alternatively, both ends of an output shaft are connected to the input shafts of stirrer and crusher respectively through the one way clutches. The one way clutches transmits the power at one side.    USE -   For processing organic refuse generated from kitchen of home, restaurant.    ADVANTAGE -   The driving of crusher and stirrer separately by the motor installed within the apparatus provides compact installation structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of organic refuse processing apparatus for kitchen of home, restaurant. (12) Bio treatment tank; ; (23) Crusher; ; (24) Stirrer; ; (32,41) Input shafts; ; (36,43) Clutches; ; (61) Motor; ; (71,72) Output shafts.
NOVELTY - The catalyst contains a metallic element chosen from caesium and strontium adhering to oxide baked object containing copper oxide, zinc oxide and alumina.    USE -   For ammonia synthesis, petrochemical process, low calorie town gas manufacture, phosphoric acid type fuel battery process.    ADVANTAGE -   The catalyst has excellent activity under low temperature, heat resistance and durability.
NOVELTY - Sea water is supplied to a colander (6) with small holes while being stirred by a stir unit (7). Sea water flows down by the suction of the circulating pump (1) at the bottom of the tank (4) enclosing the colander, whilst the flotation of the ravine mixture on the leaves of the algae is performed, and settled algae is removed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transfer pump (5) is provided for removing the algae that settles through the colander base opening (13).    USE -   For removing ravine mixture, marine organisms and refuse from nori seaweed algae obtained from agricultural waste in sea water.    ADVANTAGE -   By stirring the sea water, the effective flotation of ravine mixture and other organisms is enabled and the quality of the algae is maintained. Correct removal operation is possible even if the sea water is muddy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the ravine mixture removal apparatus. (1) Circulating pump; (4) Tank; (5) Transfer pump; (6) Colander; (7) Stir unit; (13) Opening.
Fermented feed is prepared by culturing Lactobacillus and actynomyces bacteria in an edible powder. The lactic acidcoccus bacteria are cultured together, especially Bacillus bacteria are cultured together. The photosynthetic bacteria are cultured additionally. Also claimed is the preparation of the feed having a first process of mixing 5-30 pts. wt. of a live bacterial composition containing 10 to the part of 7 to 10 to the part of 9 cells per gram of Lactobacillus bacteria and 10 to the part of 3 to 10 to the part of 5 cells per gram of actynomyces bacteria and 5-30 pts. wt. of molasses with 250 pts. wt. of water to prepare live bacterial solution, a second process of mixing the solution with 650-2000 pts. wt. of an edible powder to obtain a granular composition and a third process of fermenting the compsn. at 10-35 C for three days to 12 months. The composition has a water content of 12-50 wt.%. Preferably the feed contains 10 to the part of 4 to 10 to the part of 9 cells per gram of lactic acid coccus bacteria and the feed contains 10 to the part of 4 to 10 to the part of 9 cells per gram of Bacillus bacteria. Most preferably the feed contains 10 to the part of 4 to 10 to the part of 9 cells per gram of photosynthetic bacteria.    USE -   The feed is suitable for fermentation of silage.    ADVANTAGE -   The feed ensures sufficient lactic acid fermentation and reduces bad smell of the excreta of fed animals. A wide variety of edible powders are available, including 'okara(bean curd waste)' and lees of beer, citric acid fermentation and orange juice.
Organic garbage fertilizer containing multiple trace elements is a granular fertilizer, which is prepared through separating city garbage, calcining, crushing, mixing with human excrement and urine, fermentation, addition of oil dregs and inorganic trace elements, and then granulating.    USE -   It is suitable for different crops, vegetables and fruit trees and can be used as base fertilizer, for top application and to improve soil.
NOVELTY - A transformed Pseudomonas cellulosa bacterium deposited as ATCC 202032, comprising a recombinant vector having a heterologous cellulase gene operably linked to a promoter and selectable marker, is new.    USE - The Pseudomonas strain and method are useful for converting cellulosic materials (newspapers, shopping bags, fast food containers) into a usable energy source.    ADVANTAGE - The Pseudomonas strain is able to tolerate harsh environmental conditions, including alkaline conditions, and is cheaper to use than anaerobic bacteria.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of degrading cellulosic material with the cellulase produced from the Pseudomonas cellulosa strain above.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a gas stream by contacting it with a liquid redox solution in a walled, hollow housing. The solution is passed axially through the housing and the gas stream is introduced through inlets tangentially distributed about the housing. At least part of the sulfur in the gas stream forms a solid.    USE - The process is used for removing hydrogen sulfide from gas streams, especially natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The tangential gas flow along the wall eliminates stagnation at the wall and produces turbulent mixing of the liquid and gas. Buildup of elemental sulfur on nonmoving surfaces within the absorber is thus prevented without having to resort to continuous circulation of absorbent .    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas-liquid contactor of a liquid redox sulfur removal system.    Sour gas (25)    Contact zone (52)    Tangential inlets (54)    Liquid redox solution (60)
NOVELTY - A fringe textile fabric manufacturing method consists of knitting an inversion portion of each inserted weft (S) with a common edge debt thread (W) and a centipede-like fringe textile fabric, by extending a woven fabric so that a portion of the edge debt thread is distributed in the center after knitting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The weft projects in the shape of a loop from one end of the strip shaped base fabric (B). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fringe textile fabric.    USE -   Useful as artificial fresh algae used to grow bacteria for the reduction of the water pollution.    ADVANTAGE -   The fabric has favorable reproduction property of micro-organisms such as the bacteria since the weft overhangs greatly to the right and left from a base fabric in loop shape. The fabric is manufactured efficiently in the shape of a centipede which has a long fringe. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an expanded view of the knit area showing the production of the fringe textile fabric woven with the loom. (B) Base fabric; (S) Weft; (W) Edge debt thread.
NOVELTY - The culture medium containing organic substance and the culture medium which does not contain organic substance are prepared individually. The test seeds are sown in the culture mediums and is made to germinate. The growth velocity of the seed in both the culture medium is compared, to evaluate the rotting degree of organic compost.    USE -   For evaluating the rotting degree of organic substance such as compost.    ADVANTAGE -   The rotting degree of organic substance is evaluated accurately in short period of time, by simple operation. Handling of seed is easy, since sprouted beans are used.
NOVELTY - A combustion tube (50) guides combustion gas from its generating means. A pipe for modifying gas is provided between combustion tubes for circulation of gas within certain limit. The flow direction of combustion gas contained in swirling flow generating means (2) is inverted and transferred to combustion gas circulation space (30).    USE -   The fuel improver(1) is used to form hydrogen rich modified gas such as hydrocarbon using water vapor,which is used for outdoors.    ADVANTAGE -   The generating means of combustion gas of simple composition such as burner,need not be expanded.The rectified combustion gas disperses uniformly and eliminates fluctuation.The modified catalyst layer maintained temperature uniformly with high thermal efficiency,thereby the catalyst utilisation factor increases and the conversion is also improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of the internal composition of the fuel improver with the top elevation view of arrow head. (1)Fuel improver; ; (2)Swirling flow generating means; ; (3)Reflecting plate; ; (4)Vane plate; ; (30)Combustion gas circulation space; ; (50)Combustion tube .
NOVELTY - Organic refuse is separated from the garbage by a selector (12) and is supplied to a methane fermentation unit (13) where it is digested by microbes. Digested sludge is ejected and sent to a melting unit (21) for melting.    USE -   Used in waste water treatment plants for processing organic refuse, e.g. urine, faeces, etc. removed from houses, and other waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE -   Toxic substances are not mixed with waste gas and percentage reduction of slag volume is high. The obtained slag contains many raw materials and can be used for road surfacing materials. Less fuel is required for melting, giving reduced treatment costs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the waste treatment apparatus. (12) Selector; (13) Methane fermentation unit; (21) Melting unit.
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprises a hollow rotator penetrating through front and rear walls of a treatment tank (2). The rotator has one end connected to an air feed pipe and the other end sealed. Multiple nozzles (20) communicates the rotator at intermittent distance to supply air from a feed pipe into the tank. A stirring blade is mounted on the nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A driving mechanism is provided to rotate the rotator with a motor. The driving mechanism has a sprocket (21) fixed to the edge portion of the rotator. A dog (29) is mounted in the sprocket and is attached to the fixed frame (8) of a tank by a limit switch (27). By the operation of the limit switch, the motor is controlled so that the stoppage of rotator, when the nozzle faces the lower wall of the tank, is performed.    USE -   For processing refuses generated from e.g. homes, restaurants and vegetable wastes.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the stoppage of stirring is performed when a nozzle faces the lower wall of the treatment tank, the organic refuse and chip material that seeps into the end aperture of the nozzle falls by gravity effect. Since the supply of air to the organic refuse in the tank is performed through multiple nozzles communicating hollow rotator, sufficient air is supplied to the whole refuse. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic refuse processing apparatus. (2) Treatment tank; (8) Fixed frame; (20) Air supply nozzle; (21) Sprocket; (27) Limit switch; (29) Dog.
NOVELTY - A composting plant has open or closed layers of composting materials with inlets and outlets for process air. The composting materials are conditioned with air introduced by a mixer valve(s) (6). Air is introduced to the mixer valves (6) by preferably four air pipes (2, 3, 4, 5) supplying air of different quality. One air inlet (2) supplies fresh ambient air using a blower (10). A second air inlet (3) delivers dry air which is heated by warmth drawn through heat exchangers (11, 12) located within the composting material, and fed through the blower (10). A third inlet (4) delivers heated air drawn through a heat exchanger (14) and blower (16). A fourth air inlet (5) delivers recirculated effluent air via a blower (15).    USE - Composting or drying assembly for organic matter.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly can be used for, composting, drying and conditioning organic matter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the composting assembly and closed containers.
NOVELTY - Sludge is pumped out from the base of a wine storage vat and its liquid and solid phases separated by settling or centrifuging. The liquid phase is returned to the vat and the solid mixed with sawdust to make a useful fertilizer.    USE - Removal of sludge from wine storage vats or sugar refineries.    ADVANTAGE - The method of removal of sludge is much easier than existing mechanical methods. Collected sludge is contained within vessels so does not pollute the environment. A valuable product is produced from waste materials. The mobile unit can be moved between small installations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim also included for the fertilizer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan of the installation.    Treatment unit (1)    Vessel outlet (2)    Sludge separation (3)    Additive dosing vessel (9)    Container (10)    Control cabinet (12)    Pump (14)    Screw conveyor (15)    Liquid outlet (16)    Wine vat (17)    Pump (21)    Vessel outlet pipe (22)    Solid phase outlet (23)
NOVELTY - A composting silo is new.    USE - The silo is useful for composting,    ADVANTAGE - The composting silo is suitable especially for arid, semi-arid and sub-tropical countries and controls the accumulation of moisture within the silo.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composting silo has an upright cylindrical or polygonol cavity wall (11) above a floor grate (17) which covers a water basin (20). The silo is covered by an inclined waterproof roof (10). The wall rests on supports (18) on a foundation (19) and is separated from the floor grate (17) by a gap. A large sheet of foil (22) is positioned around the silo outer wall and extending through the gap between the silo wall and foundation (19). The foil can be moved between a first position where it is supported (40) to form a funnel catching rainwater and condensation from within the silo cavity wall. In the first position the water is directed into the water basin (20). In the second position (30) the foil overhangs the foundation (19) and directs draining rainwater and condensation into a gully (5) from which it drains.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross section through the silo with the foil placed in the two alternative positions.    Gully (5)    Inclined Waterproof roof (10)    Cavity Wall (11)    Floor Grate (17)    Foundation (19)    Water Basin (20)    Sheet of Foil (22).
Method for preparing biochemical organic fertilizer by using city refuse and rural straws and stalks.    ADVANTAGE -   It solves the problems of treating city refuse and rural straws and stalks, and its produced organic fertilizer possesses the functions of preventing soil from hardening, increasing soil power, improving saline-alkali soil, curing plant diseases of fruit tree rot, weeding out, etc. It features quick and durable fertilizer effect, etc.
NOVELTY - A method for waste fermentation comprising a transportation screw for feeding the waste material to the bottom of a stack or container in which fermentation takes place, is new.    USE - The method and device are useful for fermenting household and garden waste.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is more compact, has simple mechanical complexity compared with already known solutions, and material costs are reduced and products transported easier, requiring less space in the installation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The screw feeds waste material towards a counterstay (13), by means of which a counter pressure is obtained in the transportation screw (3), so that the material is essentially filling the whole transportation device (1) and air and/or oxygen and/or a pressurized liquid are at the same time fed into the material by way of the tubelike screw shaft.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for performing the above method and comprising the oxygenation necessary for a good initial fermentation phase to the microorganisms acting in the screw conveyor as well as the possible liquid supply is achieved in that pressurized air and/or oxygen and/or liquid are fed into the waste material through openings in the tubelike screw conveyor shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fermentation machine with the tube partly entering a large stack or ridge of already fermented material.    fermentation machine (1)    feeder funnel (2)    tube (3)    tube orifice (11)    post-fermentation material (12)    stack (13)    wheels (14)    guide bar (16)
NOVELTY - Catalyst for removing hydrocarbons in exhaust gas containing methane and oxygen in excess, is formed by supporting palladium on at least one support selected from zirconia, sulfuric acid radical-containing zirconia and tungsten zirconia.    USE - Used to remove hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides from exhaust gas.    ADVANTAGE - High methane conversion effect is shown. Removal degree of hydrocarbon is maintained at high level over a long period of time. The catalyst shows high resistance to lowering of activity due to sulfur poisoning.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) the removal of hydrocarbons in exhaust gas using the catalyst; and    (B) the exhaust gas purification method using the catalyst where the exhaust gas contains nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons and methane as a component of the hydrocarbons.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph of successive changes of methane conversion degree in the exhaust gas.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has two electrodes, an electrolyte between the electrodes with a number of delivery channels (1) and bounding outlet channels (2). The delivery channels and outlet channels can be closed at one end with lateral openings (3-6) which also bound on one electrode of the fuel cell.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The performance of the fuel cell is improved wrt. the state of the art.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a fuel cell    delivery channels (1)    outlet channels (2)    lateral openings (3-6)    .
NOVELTY - An anode gas supply line (43) and an air supply line (44) supplies anode gas and air to anode and cathode of fuel battery respectively. A combustion exhaust gas supply line supplies combustion exhaust gas from a hot gas modifier (51) to the exit of compressor (56) of air supply line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A combustor (52) burns cathode and anode waste gas ejected from cathode and anode respectively. A modifier (51) modifies hot gas mixed with steam supplied by heat of combustion exhaust gas of combustor from fuel line (41) which joins vapor line (42) in anode gas containing hydrogen.    USE -   In fuel battery based electrical power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids need for cathode gas circulation blower of large capacity at high temperature hence reduces cost of electrical power generator. Prevents carbon precipitate at anode inlet, since fuel battery operates at low voltage. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire block diagram of fuel battery based electrical power generator. (41) Fuel line; (42) Vapor line; (43) Anode gas supply line; (44) Air supply line; (51) Modifier; (52) Combustor; (56) Compressor.
NOVELTY - The high concentration hydrogen containing gas is formed by contact of CO shift reaction catalyst with clean thermolysis gas. CO2 is removed from mixture of hydrogen-containing gas and remainder clean thermolysis gas. Methane containing gas is formed by making contact of CO and hydrogen after decarbonation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Thermolysis of solid waste is carried out to form char, tar and thermolysis gas. The high temperature combustion of char and tar is carried out using thermolysis gas as fuel to melt ash content. The poisoning component of CO shift reaction catalyst is removed from the thermolysis gas.    USE -   For gasification and melting of ash of solid waste to form methane for fuel gas.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables effective formation of high concentration methane by melting ash and thermolysis of solid waste. Enables supply of domestic gas fuel to nearby residents.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of ash gasification and melting process.
NOVELTY - A fermentation drum (5) has some flat vanes (15a- 15c) by which a guide for raw material is attached in drum internal surface and rotates with drum. Two screw vanes (16a,16b) in drum inner surface performs winding the raw material. The amount of raw material inside drum is maintained to particular value. An outlet hopper (17) is provided in upper portion of drum end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several support ribs (6a) for reinforcement are provided in longitudinal direction of drum inner periphery. The fermentation drum consists of several units (5a-5d) and a scavenging pipe with several thin tubes is provided in the center of drum longitudinal axis for blowing air through its blow holes. Each tube is connected to a flow meter and a valve, to adjust quantity of air supplied to raw material through blow-off hole.    USE -   For manufacturing compost from raw material.    ADVANTAGE -   By using the vanes and blowing air, compost is manufactured efficiently. The volume of raw material inside the drum is maintained to 80% of its total volume, by rotating guide for raw material with drum. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of mature compost manufacturing apparatus. Parts list: (5) Fermentation drum; (5a-5d) Units; (6a) Support ribs; (15a-15c) Flat vanes.
NOVELTY - The inlet port (9) and exhaust port (10) is provided in upper portion of a primary tank (3), where inlet port is made to open in route, which is provided with an interruption unit (11). An exhaust port is provided with deodorizing unit (13) that performs deodorization of odour gas output from organic refuse treatment tank through exhaust gas line (12).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus has an organic refuse tank (1), which is separated by a partition (2) into primary tank (3) and secondary tank (5). Along the upper end edge of the side wall (7) of the refuse tank, a suspending piece (6) is provided inwardly, and lower end is opened to form a route, which communicates the primary and secondary tanks.    USE -   For decomposing organic refuse using microorganism.    ADVANTAGE -   A short path between inlet port and exhaust port is prevented, and air heated by exhaust heat of deodorizing unit can be smoothly guided with a guide board, and can be made to flow in the route from inlet port.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the organic refuse treatment tank. (1) Organic refuse tank; (2) Partition; (3) Primary tank; (5) Secondary tank; (6) Suspending piece; (7) Side wall; (9) Inlet port; (10) Exhaust port; (11) Interruption unit; (12) Exhaust gas line; (13) Deodorizing unit.
NOVELTY - A stirrer (2) stirs the organic refuse and waste disposal material within a stirring area where the stirring effect is attained. A stirring limit detector (5) detects when the stirring area is crossed and controls the stirring frequency accordingly.    USE -   For organic refuse processor.    ADVANTAGE -   The stir frequency is increased if the waste disposal material supplied is increased and if stir area is crossed, thus efficient stirring of the organic refuse is achieved and hence efficient decomposition of the organic waste. The detector may be an optical sensor, disposal material existence detector sensor, ultrasonic sensor, a weight sensor or a combination of these and is of simple composition. An effective waste disposal is made depending on the amount and state of increase in quantity of garbage leading to good decomposition efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows organic refuse processor. Parts list: (2) Stirrer; (5) Stirring limit detector.
NOVELTY - The organic refuse processing apparatus consists a gas detector (2) to detect at least, one kind of ammonia gas generated by the decomposition of an organic refuse. An aerator (3) controls the quantity of airflow depending on the state of garbage disposal material.    USE -   For decomposition of organic refuse of waste disposal material.    ADVANTAGE -   The decomposition of an organic refuse is efficiently performed. The control of airflow is made easy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic refuse processing apparatus. Parts list: (2) Gas detector; (3) Aerator.
NOVELTY - The organic refuse in a treatment tank (1) is heated by heater (2). The exhaust gas outlet (4) removes water component in tank. A sterilization mode is a process which heats organic refuse at temperature higher than the temperature to carry out decomposition of organic refuse. A control unit operates sterilization mode only when tank is dark which is detected by optical sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The control unit releases sterilization mode when tank becomes bright. The sterilization mode is carried out only when darkness extends for some time which is measured by a timer. The control unit cancels even when indoor light enters the tank during fixed time after the tank becomes dark.    USE -   For carrying out decomposition of garbage disposal material in treatment tank.    ADVANTAGE -   Sterilization of food poisoning microbes is reliably carried out in the treatment tank by the provision of a control unit in an organic refuse processing apparatus. Garbage disposal efficiency increases. More safe organic refuse processing apparatus provision is possible. Sterilization of food poisoning microbe is carried out by sterilization mode which is not disturbed by indoor light. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus. (1) Treatment tank; ; (2) Heater; ; (4) Exhaust gas outlet.
NOVELTY - A sheet-like heater heats the inside of the treatment tank (1) containing carrier (4) and organic substance. An agitator (14) stirs the thing accommodated in the tank. A sensor detects concentration of predetermined gas present in the treatment tank (1). A display unit displays the detection result.    USE -   For processing organic substances e.g. rubbish.    ADVANTAGE -   The pH of thing in a treatment tank can be monitored by detecting the predetermined gas concentration, thereby the kind of organic substance present can also be determined, therefore the process can be stabilized over a long period. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic substance processing apparatus. Parts list: (1) Treatment tank; (4) Carrier; (14) Agitator.
NOVELTY - A process unit (11) consists of a micro-organism carrier for processing the organic wastes. A water vapor generator (34) generates the water vapor from process portion. The amount of water vapor generated is measured by a humidity sensor (32). Based on the result of humidity sensor, the moisture content required for processed unit is estimated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a humidity control method.    USE -   For processing organic kitchen waste, using micro- organisms.    ADVANTAGE -   The moisture content of a process portion can be estimated from this method, satisfactorily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic waste processing apparatus. Parts list: (11) Process unit; (32) Humidity sensor; (34) Water vapor generator.
NOVELTY - Water is added to the organic raw material, stirred and allowed to stand for 3-8 months. The powdered zeolite porous carrier containing aerobic bacteria is added to the raw material. Air is blown into the turbid liquid and decomposed at 30-40 C for 8-12 days for completion of fermentation.    USE -   For conditioning soil.    ADVANTAGE -   Generation of bad odour is avoided and soybean, rapeseed, cotton seed, flax and peanut from which oil is extracted is reused.
NOVELTY - Bacillus sp. APM70 has anti-microbial activity against plant pathological microbe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for biological control of plant disease using APM70 strain of Bacillus sp. Seed, root or soil is processed using the novel microbe.    USE -   For controlling pathological disease of plants caused by microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE -   Disease of vegetables is suppressed and healthy crop is raised.
NOVELTY - The composite fertilizer consists of microbial culture mixed with fine organic materials, charcoal powder and pyrolignous acid.    USE -   For agricultural purposes.    ADVANTAGE -   The pelleted fertilizer produces a synergic effect and improves the soil fertility in a short time period. The fertilizer enables high yield of crops. The contamination of a soil by agrochemicals, disinfectants, chemical fertilizers etc are prevented.
NOVELTY - Old tatami mat is crushed, fermented and subjected to ageing.    USE -   For compost.    ADVANTAGE -   Large quantities of old mat can composted in a short time, therefore enhancing effective reutilized of resources.
NOVELTY - 0.3-2.0 weight percent of polymer flocculants are added to 50-200 wt.% of organic sludge obtained from fly ashes. The mixture is dehydrated so that the moisture content becomes 60-75 wt.%. The moisture content becomes 55-73 wt.%, after the addition of fermentation auxiliary components such as wheat straw, saw dust, bark, etc., and the fermentation is performed.    USE -   Fertilizers are manufactured sanitarily from organic sludge of high water content, such as sewage sludge, fishery sludge or livestock sludge.    ADVANTAGE -   A favorable manure is obtained by an efficient method without the generation of odor.
NOVELTY - A mixture containing composting raw material and fermentation supplementary material which has coffee extraction lees, is fermented under aerobic condition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of fermented organic compost. The mixture to be fermented, is kept under aerobic condition for 1-6 months.    USE -   For recycling industrial waste raw material.    ADVANTAGE -   Growth of plants is promoted by fermentation, as the industrial wastes are recycled and environmental pollution is also prevented.
NOVELTY - The waste liquid containing organic substance with lower boiling point is refined and collected by refining and collection tower (16). The water containing more biological oxygen demand (BOD) is collected at the top of the tower and water containing less BOD is collected at the bottom of tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus for processing waste liquid.    USE -   For waste water processing e.g. drainage from breweries.    ADVANTAGE -   BOD level is reduced without the control of microorganism. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the waste disposal plant. Parts list: (16) Refining and collection tower.
NOVELTY - Flammable and non-flammable materials contained in general waste are isolated and recycled separately. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for recycling processing apparatus which comprises flammable and non-flammable material processing systems (S1,S2). The flammable processing system consists of a grinder, drier (2) and a particle size sorter (3) which performs grinding, drying and classification of the flammable materials, respectively. The non-flammable processing system consists of a composite sorter (22) and a bag breaking unit (23).    USE -   For processing and recycling of industrial waste such as sludge, waste oil, spent acid, waste plastics and general waste.    ADVANTAGE -   Processing of general waste is carried out effectively without requiring incineration and reclamation processes. Stinking during waste treatment is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of recycling processing apparatus. (2) Drier; (3) Particle size sorter; (22) Composite sorter; (23) Bag breaking unit; (S1,S2) Flammable and non-flammable processing systems.
NOVELTY - Some circular partition plates (2) are positioned in fermenter tank (1) with surface of plate in right angled direction. Overflow holes are drilled in the partition plates.    USE -   For carrying out fermentation of organic refuse coming from domestic kitchen, factories.    ADVANTAGE -   When organic refuse is more than fixed quantity, then the refuse goes into next processing chamber through overflow holes of partition plate. Organic refuse can be continuously supplied and comport can be continuously ejected from processing machine. Time and effort of organic refuse exchange are saved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of organic refuse processing machine. Parts list: (1) Fermenter tank; (2) Circular partition plate.
NOVELTY - The solid fuel comprises a cellulose-containing fuel component mixed with horse manure.    USE - Used in open fireplaces.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel can be easily handled.
Solar batteries are installed on hydrogen balloon tied by a rope or in basket a hydrogen balloon hangs and the obtained electric power is led by a cable to ground. The electric power thus obtained is fed to water electrolyser to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, which are stored in storages. The hydrogen gas and oxygen gas may be fed to fuel cell to generate electric power and this is one other solar electric power generation method and equipment. It has relatively smaller working space.
NOVELTY - After electricity generation, portion of waste fuel gas is supplied to a heat exchanger (12) and then to a condenser (13). The fuel gas is then made to recirculate to anode inlet (3c) of fuel battery (3). Hydrogen or hydrocarbon type heating gas is used as fuel gas.    USE -   In electricity generation system using solid electrolyte fuel battery that uses phosphoric acid, molten carbonate as electrolyte.    ADVANTAGE -   As waste gas is recycled efficiently, electricity generation efficiency is raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the basic systematic diagram of solid electrolyte type fuel battery electricity generation system. (3) Fuel battery; (3c) Anode inlet; (12) Heat exchanger; (13) Condenser.
NOVELTY - Interconnectors (12A-12D) provided in between an upper cover (4), cell (1A), separator (2), cell (1B) and a bottom lid (5) are formed from foam or felt object with a blow hole rate of 80% or more. Fuel supply path (13a) and an oxidizing agent supply path (13b) are provided in a fuel and oxidizing agent supply pipe (13) connected to a gas feed zone (12a) of the interconnectors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel path is connected to the gas feed zone of the interconnector by the side of a positive electrode. Oxidizing agent supply path is connected to the gas feed zone of the interconnector by the side of a negative electrode. Fuel gas and oxidizing agent spreads along zig-zag direction at the end of the fuel supply path and the oxidizing agent supply path. The density of the fuel and oxidizing agent at the middle of the fuel and oxidizing agent supply pipe is high and is low at the end of the fuel and oxidizing agent supply paths.    USE -   For solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to store fuel and oxidizing agent in large area of cell. Enables to easily manufacture interconnector by punching a board and by using cheap doctor blade. Does not need to supply high temperature gas and does not need to seal periphery of electrolyte interconnector and separator after lamination. Relaxes manufacturing conditions, reduces manufacturing cost and improves power supply property of electric power source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of the lamination structure of a solid electrolyte fuel battery. (1A,1B) Cells; (2) Separator; (4) Upper cover; (5) Lid; (12A-12D) Interconnectors; (12a) Gas feed zone; (13) Oxidizing agent supply pipe; (13a) Fuel supply path; (13b) Oxidizing agent supply path.
NOVELTY - A mixed refrigerant with difluoromethane and at least one hydrocarbon selected from isobutane, butane, cyclopropane or propane circulates via a refrigerating cycle with an expansion valve (3). A controller (7) controls the valve opening modification device (6) which modifies the valve opening to reduce the discharge temperature of a compressor (1) detected by a sensor (5).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The refrigerant circulates through the compressor, a condenser (2), the expansion valve and an evaporator (4) in the refrigerating cycle. The expansion valve opening is modified based on the discharge temperature detection value.    USE -   For air conditioners or refrigerators. Uses difluoro methane based refrigerant containing R32 and HC refrigerant.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature of refrigerant discharge from the compressor is prevented from becoming high to the extent of causing a damage since the discharge temperature is controlled within limits by modifying the opening of the expansion valve based on the discharge temperature detected by a sensor. The reliability of the refrigerating cycle can be secured since the compressor and the refrigerant circulation path can be protected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the composition of a refrigerating cycle. (1) Compressor; (2) Condenser; (3) Expansion valve; (4) Evaporator; (5) Sensor; (6) Expansion valve opening modification device; (7) Controller.
NOVELTY - A carbon-producing apparatus (I) is new and comprises a carbon dioxide-fixing unit which reduces carbon dioxide, separated from the methane emissions, with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.    USE - (I) is used to fix carbon from carbon dioxide produced by anaerobic fermentation of biomass.    ADVANTAGE - The new apparatus fixes carbon from the emissions of anaerobic fermentation cheaply and recycles heat produced by combustion within the units to supply other areas of (I) and produce electric power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A carbon-producing apparatus is new and comprises:    (1) an anaerobic fermentation unit (II) for generating methane and carbon dioxide by anaerobically fermenting biomass;    (2) a unit (III) which separates any carbon dioxide methane-carbon dioxide mixture produced in (II);    (3) a unit (IV) which forms hydrogen from the methane separated in (III); and    (4) a carbon dioxide-fixing unit (V) which reduces carbon dioxide, separated from the methane emissions, with hydrogen, in the presence of a catalyst.
NOVELTY - A CO concentration reducing apparatus (100) for reducing the CO concentration in a H2-rich gas consists of a selective oxidation means (120) into which the H2-rich gas and oxidative gas are introduced, a first catalyst (121) and a second catalyst (122) in the oxidation means, the second catalyst aiding oxidation of at least one component at a temperature equal to the ambient temperature of the apparatus (100).    USE - In reducing the CO content of an H2-rich stream supplied from a methanol reformer to a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus and methods raise the internal temperature of the CO selective oxidation unit rapidly following start-up so that the device quickly becomes effective. The second catalyst causes the temperature of the selective oxidation unit to rise from ambient temperature. Moisture removal prevents degradation of the function of the selective oxidation catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a driving method for the apparatus, comprising introducing a H2-rich gas containing CO into a reaction chamber, reducing the CO concentration, discharging the H2-rich gas from the reaction chamber, and raising a temperature of the reaction chamber (120) to or above a predetermined temperate when the apparatus is started.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a CO-selective oxidation unit of the invention.    Inlet for the H2-rich gas and an O2 gas (123)    Selective oxidation catalyst of Pt-Ru for selective oxidation of CO (121)    Pt oxidation catalyst for oxidation of components of the H2-rich stream to raise the internal temperature of the unit (122)    Outlet for a stream containing at least 75% H2 and below 1% CO (124)
NOVELTY - Soluble organic products together with insoluble inert products are washed out, reducing the volume of waste for final disposal.    USE - Process do treat refuse containing both inert and organic substances.    ADVANTAGE - The volume of waste for final disposal is greatly reduced, and in better condition for recycling or use as a fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a refuse treatment process and assembly, a mixture (2) of inert substances and organic substances contains water-soluble components and substances which may be broken down by biological action. The refuse is simultaneously subjected to washing an aerobic hydrolysis process. The mixture (2) is first subjected to a process (3) in which the pref. soluble organic substances are washed out by a fluid (11). The organic substances are removed pref. by a combination of washing fluids (17) and inert materials (21). The materials then remaining in the mixture are then subjected to micro-biological breakdown in a second process (4). The materials broken down are washed out by a fluid. Fine particles and fibers washed out in both the first and second stages are then removed from the fluid. The two processes (3, 4) may be implemented separately, or combined (3').    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process flow path.    mixture (2)    fluid (11)    washing fluids (17)    inert materials (21)
NOVELTY - Sensor for detecting carbon monoxide and / or methane has a plate with an electrode structure and connecting electrodes and a gas-sensitive layer on the electrode structure.    USE - For detecting carbon monoxide and / or methane in room air of the house.    ADVANTAGE - The sensor has high stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Sensor (1) has a plate (11) with an electrode structure (13) and connecting electrodes (14) and a gas-sensitive layer (112) on the electrode structure. A heating device (18) is also included with connecting electrodes (114). The gas-sensitive layer (112) consists of Ga2O3 thin layer (112) on the electrode structure with a thick porous Ga2O3 layer on the thin layer. Gold clusters (212) are inserted on and in the thin and thick layers. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for detecting carbon monoxide and / or methane in air comprising using the above sensor by measuring sensitivity values at subsequent time intervals at the temperatures 650-800 degreesC and 800-650 degreesC    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side section of the sensor.    Sensor (1)    Plate (11)    Electrode structure (13)    Electrodes (14)    Heating device (18)    Gas-sensitive layer (112)    Connecting electrodes (114)
A liquid slag granulation and comminution process comprises coal, hydrocarbon and/or coal/water mixture injection into the slag.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A liquid slag granulation and comminution process comprises injecting coal, hydrocarbons and/or coal/water mixtures or slurries into the slags or slag streams and then passing the slags into an expansion and granulation chamber and then into a mill, especially a jet or impact mill. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for equipment for carrying out the above process, comprising a slag tundish and a lance arranged coaxially to the tundish tube, the tundish tube being in the form of a Laval nozzle with carbon source injectors and/or water nozzles positioned radially beyond the tube outlet.    USE -   Especially for granulation and comminution of metal oxide-containing slags such as converter slags or waste incineration slags.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides a reducing atmosphere which allows the process to be extended to any type of slag including those with high metal oxide content, without the risk of explosions. The process produces rapid comminution due to sudden expansion of the injected media, provides rapid cooling (especially of highly basic slags having a strong devitrification tendency) to maintain the vitreous structure of the slag, allows reduction of the metal oxide content (e.g. for carburized, directly reduced iron production) and allows direct formation of synthesis gas or water gas, part of which may be withdrawn as export gas e.g. for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of long chain hydrocarbons such as benzene.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows a schematic view of equipment according to the invention. (1) Slag tundish; (3) Slag outlet; (4) Expansion chamber; (5) Lance; (6) Water and/or oxygen nozzles, (8) jet mill.
NOVELTY - Rigid polyurethane or urethane-modified polyisocyanate foams are prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polyfunctional isocyanate-reactive component in the presence of a blowing agent mixture.    USE - The foams are useful in a variety of applications, especially, refrigerators.    ADVANTAGE - The foams are free from fluorine compounds and are thus more environmentally friendly than previous foams. They have improved foaming properties, are easy to process, have improved thermal insulation properties, and improved flow.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The blowing agent mixture comprises 50-90 wt.% cyclopentane and 10-50 wt.% of a mixture of isopentane and/or n-pentane and isobutane and/or n-butane. The wt. ratio of isopentane and/or n-pentane to isobutane and/or n-butane is 5/95-95/5. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) Rigid polyurethane or urethane-modified polyisocyanurate foam obtained as above;    (2) An isocyanate-reactive composition comprising a blowing agent mixture as above.
NOVELTY - A partial oxidation reformer comprises a longitudinal chamber containing methanol, water and air inlets, an oxidation catalyst and means for controlling the oxygen to methanol mole ratio.    USE - In the production of hydrogen for a fuel cell used to power an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer provides rapid response to variable acceleration demands due to the exothermic reaction, thus avoiding the need for thermal energy input.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A partial oxidation reformer comprises a longitudinal chamber with a methanol, water and air inlet and outlet, an igniter, and an oxidation catalyst for converting methanol and oxygen to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Means are provided for maintaining the O2 to methanol mole ratio at 0.25-0.4 for continuous operation and at higher values for startup. The catalyst is copper oxide-zinc oxide, iron-zinc oxide or cobalt supported on silica. A CuO-ZnO catalyst is preferred.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the partial oxidation reformer of the invention having a capacity of 0.8 liters.    Catalyst section comprising a ceramic honeycomb of 400 channels per square inch coated with Cu-Zn oxide catalyst (16)
NOVELTY - The reformer comprises a fuel means for a pressurized, vaporized fuel and steam mixture. A catalyst bed is connected with the fuel means and a hydrogen filtration and a burner are provided as a lightweight unit.    USE - For producing molecular hydrogen from a gasoline or other hydrocarbon fuel for use in a fuel cell. The fuel cell then generates electrical power for a motor.    ADVANTAGE - Addresses the problems of economics, efficiency, size and weight of prior art portable steam reformers used in vehicles.
NOVELTY - Coal is blown into the gas atmosphere containing hydrogen. The concentration of hydrogen increases at a high temperature during the gasification of coal, char, and a carbonaceous raw material. Thermolysis is performed in an air current.    USE -   For manufacture of gas such as hydrocarbons toluene, xylene, benzene, methane, char and tar.    ADVANTAGE -   By thermolysis method the hydrocarbon gas and benzene, toluene, xylene including methane is manufactured in high yield and economically.
NOVELTY - Organic waste is fermented to generate methane (CH4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) in an organic waste processing unit. The generated gas is sent to a methane separation unit. CH4 is decomposed into C and H2 in the presence of a catalyst in a methane decomposition unit. CO2 reacts with H2to form dimethyl ether in the presence of a catalyst in a dimethyl ether manufacturing unit.    USE -   Converting organic refuse, livestock waste etc. into methane, dimethyl ether, carbon black, methanol, gasoline.    ADVANTAGE -   Hydrogen is cheaply obtained and greenhouse gases are effectively suppressed. Carbon black for industrial use is effectively produced at low cost.
NOVELTY - Around a centrally positioned burner (2), a combustion cylinder (8), an inner cylinder (11), an intermediate cylinder (12) and an outer cylinder (13) are equipped in concentric manner leaving space inbetween them. A catalyst layer (5) is provided between the inner and the intermediate cylinders. A heat insulating layer (9) is provided at inner side of the combustion cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat carrier from the burner turns back and enters the space between the combustion cylinder and the inner cylinder so that the catalyst layer gets heated up. An exhaust outlet is provided for ejection of gas from the apparatus. The reforming of the gas is again carried out near the upper end of the outer cylinder. The gas is initially introduced through upper end of inner cylinder of reform pipe (1) from a feed hopper. Heat transfer fins are provided at the periphery of the combustion cylinder.    USE -   For reforming gaseous fuel for batteries that generate electric power.    ADVANTAGE -   The cylinders are configured with heat insulating layers and catalyst layer at specific positions, heat exchange of raw material gas and heat carrier is performed efficiently. The danger of crushing of granular catalyst layer is prevented as configuration of the apparatus is proper. Temperature gradient of reforming pipe is controlled effectively due to provision of insulation layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of fuel reforming apparatus. (1) Reform pipe; ; (2) Burner; ; (5) Catalyst layer; ; (8) Combustion cylinder; ; (9) Heat insulating layer; ; (11) Inner cylinder; ; (12) Intermediate cylinder; ; (13) Outer cylinder.
NOVELTY - Methane in a reaction tube (11) is decomposed to form carbon and hydrogen by heating. A cover is provided to preferably close the reaction tube outlet. Carbon in the reaction tube is burnt by supplying oxygen. A carbon collector (14) provided at the reaction tube outlet collects the carbon and a saucer installed inside the collector receives the ejected carbon.    USE -   For decomposing methane.    ADVANTAGE -   Combustion removal of carbon in the reaction tube is effectively carried out and carbon fixed in the reaction tube is removed. Carbon formed by the reaction is recovered continuously within the collector. The downstream movement of carbon is eliminated. Thermolysis of methane is performed using the reactor for prolonged time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front elevation of reactor. (11) Reaction tube; ; (13) Reactor; ; (14) Carbon collector; ; (18) Valve.
NOVELTY - A filtration tank (1) is provided with a denitrification tank and a decomposition tank. The denitrification tank is filled with bacillus adhesion material. The decomposition tank comprising oxygen supply unit, is filled with decomposed organism adhesion material.    USE -   For shell fish and fish breeding tank.    ADVANTAGE -   Breeding of fish, shell fish etc., for six months or more is possible as deadly micro-organisms are destroyed in the filtration process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional view of the filtration tank. (1) Filtration tank.
NOVELTY - The organic waste (8) is crushed inside the compression crusher (1) into fine grains under high pressure, before carrying out zymosis. The crushed grains are pressed and then fed to the bottom of a solubilization tank (2) under pressure.    USE -   For processing organic waste prior to zymosis.    ADVANTAGE -   Solubilization of the organic waste can be carried out efficiently and homogeneously. Fermentation efficiency is increased and the solubilization process facilitates a size reduction of the fermenter. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows solubilization processing method of organic waste. Parts list: (1) Compression crusher; (2) Solubilization tank; (8) Organic waste.
NOVELTY - A thermostat (37) is provided to detect the outside temperature. The temperature detected is set to be below predetermined temperature. Based on the temperature detected by the thermostat, a temperature detection control unit connected through the electric supply line to heater, controls the switching ON or OFF of the heater. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic refuse processing apparatus has an intake and exhaust pipes. The heater (36) is configured such that the injection of the garbage into reaction vessel is hindered. The heater and thermostat are detachably provided to the reaction vessel in addition to the heating unit and stirring unit already installed. A temperature detection control unit is provided to control the supply of electricity to the heater.    USE -   For processing rubbish generated in kitchen.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the external temperature detected is set to be lesser than predetermined temperature, dew formation of evaporated water is suppressed. Since the heater and thermostat are detachably provided, the production line cost is considerably reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the electrically equipped box for the organic refuse processing apparatus. Parts list: (36) Heater; (37) Thermostat.
NOVELTY - The fermented organic refuse (1) in a cylindrical fermenter (3) when exceeds a predetermined amount, overflows at an opening (m) and drops into a post processing tank (4) with less weight. The vertical rotatable stirrers (21) stirs the refuse along with ferment microbes, inside the fermenter. Inside the tank, the contents are again stirred. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The central portion of the fermenter and the post processing tank, has a penetrated rotatable refuse removal pipe (22). A shaft (23) attached at the center of route pipe actuates the stirrers (21,25) of the fermenter and the tank. Air is supplied to both tanks using separate air blow off pipes.    USE -   For fermentation of organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE -   Inside the post processing tank, the organic refuse from fermenter is sufficiently fermented with stabilized fluidity. Since the source of stirring, actuation of the fermenter and the tank are combined, a simplified processing machine with reduced cost is used. The exact control of the refuse amount is made easy by rotational speed control of screw shaft. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the partial side of the organic refuse processing machine. (1) Organic refuse; ; (3) Fermenter; ; (4) Post processing tank; ; (21,25) Stirrers; ; (22) Pipe; ; (23) Shaft; .
NOVELTY - The partitions at compost exhaust outlet (10) consists of stationary blades (9) in the inner wall bottom of a fermenter (1) which measures half of the length of the fermenter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fermenter is installed with rotation shaft (6) fixed with several stirring cross arms (5) in its upper and lower sides for stirring organic refuse fed from a hopper (2) and mixing it with aerobe in fermentation floor. The distribution of stirring cross arm and its cross sections are changed as circular in partitions having organic refuse feed hopper and as square in narrow partition having compost exhaust outlet. The rotational speed of the shaft is changed by these partitions. The rotational speed in partition with compost exhaust outlet is made larger than that of partition of organic refuse feed hopper. A crushing unit is provided inbetween the compost exhaust outlet and a compost storage box (11).    USE -   For fermentation of organic refuse with high oil content such as meat, fish.    ADVANTAGE -   Even if the organic refuse has high oil content, crushing capability of apparatus is raised near organic refuse exhaust outlet by stationary plates. So the cost of apparatus and its operation are not raised. The compost of dry particle is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of organic refuse processing apparatus. Parts list: (1) Fermenter; (2) Hopper; (4b) Fermentation floor; (5) Stirring cross arm; (6) Rotation shaft; (9) Stationary blades; (10) Compost exhaust outlet; (11) Storage box.
NOVELTY - Refuse processing assembly includes an air intake duct (10B) arranged in-between the reaction vessel (18) and outer cladding portion of the assembly (15). The air intake duct has exhaust and inlet ports (15A,16A) at the lower side for intake and outlet of organic refuses. The drive unit of the stirrer (23) in the duct is distributed along the air intake duct side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The wall portion of the outer cladding portion along with air intake duct and jet pipe (10A) forms a single assembly. The deodorant sprayed in the jet pipe removes the bad odor due to aerobic zymosis. A ventilating fan (29) supported by inner side of reaction vessel is provided in the jet pipe.    USE -   For decomposing organic refuse e.g. rubbish generated in domestic kitchens etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The distributed drive unit of the stirrer avoids the installation of special exhaust gas structure in the assembly. The bad odor due to aerobic zymosis diffuses before reaching the user because of the exhaust port provided at the lower portion of the duct. The deodorant sprayed in the jet pipe removes the bad odor. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic refuse processing assembly. Parts list: (10A) Jet pipe; (10B) Air intake duct; (15) Assembly; (15A,16A) Exhaust and inlet ports; (18) Reaction vessel; (23) Stirrer; (29) Ventilating fan.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack comprises first and second separators (14,16) for holding a fuel cell unit (12). The first separator (14) has a fuel gas flow passage (40) and the second separator (16) has an oxygen containing gas flow passage (50), the passages being formed by multiple grooves that decrease in number from the inlet to the outlet. The decreasing rate of the fuel gas flow passage is set to correspond to the gas utilization factor of the fuel gas.    USE - To provide source of electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - Good gas diffusion and drainage performance, effectively miniatures the size of the stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Exploded perspective view of fuel cell stack.    Fuel cell unit (12)    Anode (20)    Cathode (22)    First and second separators (14,16)    Gaskets (28,30)    Fuel gas flow passage (40)    Oxygen gas flow passage (50)
NOVELTY - Decontamination of mud from bodies of water, e.g. docks, bays, seas, rivers or water meadows, is effected by anaerobic digestion of the contaminants in a bed of the mud that is thick enough to provide anaerobic conditions or is thinner but kept under an airtight cover.    USE - For removing toxic substances, especially components of marine antifouling paints, e.g. organometallic compounds such as tributyl tin, polyhalogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and/or other oxidatively decomposable nonvolatile organic compounds.    ADVANTAGE - More than 90% decontamination can be achieved in 1-6 years or more.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical partition (3) divides the lower volume of the digester into an annular- (I) and an inner- (II) chamber, with vertical plug flow in each.    USE - A digester producing biogas, especially from agricultural wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The conventional digester can permit non-digested material to leave, reducing gas yield and hygiene. Plug flow in the new reactor, assures a minimum residence time and hence minimum digestion. Short-circuiting flows are positively prevented. The inlet flow (4) is upward in the annulus. It is downward to the outlet (5) in the inner chamber. Some heat is usefully transferred through the partition, in counterflow. Those wastes tending to form a floating covering or crust, are processed reliably. Panel heaters (6) are included in the annulus in the implementation shown.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred features: The partition is thermally conductive. The substrate is introduced into the annular chamber and drains away in the inner chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The vertical cross section of the digester is exhibited.    annular chamber (I)    inner chamber (II)    cylindrical partition (3)    inlet (4)    outlet (5)    panel heaters included in annulus (6)
NOVELTY - Refrigerant composition consists of: (1) at least one component selected from difluoromethane and 1,1-difluoroethane; and (2) at least one component selected from ethane, nitrous oxide, ammonia and dimethyl ether.    USE - The composition is used as a substitute for freons.    ADVANTAGE - The composition does not cause ozonosphere depletion and so shows a reduced influence on global warming. The composition shows a satisfactory performance.
NOVELTY - The flat object (2) consisting of the phosphoric acid is supported by the fuel pole catalyst layer (3) and the air pole catalyst layer. Any one or both of the catalyst layers (3) is projected towards the periphery from the outer edge of flat object.    USE -   In phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Damage of the electricity generation area caused by gas leaked from the seal section distributed around the cell is prevented hence battery is operated with stability for long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the phosphoric acid fuel battery. (2) Flat object; (3) Fuel pole catalyst layer.
NOVELTY - The unit has a rectangular frame (9) with a rectangular opening (9-3) at the center. A pair of fitting recesses (9-1) are arranged opposite to each other along the edges of the frame (9). Several rods (10) are fixed at the fitting recesses to divide the space in the opening so that the rod is fixed into recess at one end to form a continuous gas flow path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The frame is laminated on a separator (7) in which the through holes (7-1) are formed corresponding to the starting point and the terminal point of the gas flow path.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces manufacturing cost. Aims at size reduction of battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the an exploded view of gas flow unit. (7) Separator; (7-1) Through holes; (9) Rectangular frame; (9-1) Fitting recesses; (9-3) Rectangular opening; (10) Rods.
NOVELTY - Spawn and ash powder is fermented at high temperature using microorganisms to obtain the soil conditioner.    USE -   As soil conditioner to increase fertility of the soil.    ADVANTAGE -   Sufficient soil improvement effect can be exhibited, without being influenced by indigenous microbe. Recycling of incinerated ashes is enabled and the rate of carbon in soil is also raised.
NOVELTY - The waste water is treated using aerobic bacteria in aerobic chamber and is passed to filtration container having a filter. The concentrated liquid extracted from filter by catchment rotation shaft in filtration container is passed to anaerobic chamber for anaerobic treatment.    USE -   For treating organic waste water e.g. feces, urine and discharge of food processing industry.    ADVANTAGE -   As circulating pump is not used run power can be reduced, therefore increasing processing capacity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of processing apparatus for organic waste water. Parts list: (12A) Filtration container; (12D) Filter; (12E) Catchment rotation shaft; (22) Anaerobic chamber; (24) Aerobic chamber.
NOVELTY - Sewage having BOD value more than 5000 mg/l and high COD value, with organic acid is treated with air. Degradation of organic acid is done by fermentation process using microorganism, at moderate temperature of 35-65 C.    USE -   For sewage treatment plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reduction of COD and BOD value within short time, even when waste amount is high and hence enables treatment of activated sludge.
NOVELTY - The method involves inserting a double pipe (2) which has an inner pipe (4) and an outer pipe (3) in a cavernous portion of a contaminated soil (1). A microorganic solution injected through the inner pipe forms a slurry and decomposes contaminants in the soil. The contaminants are pushed out in the gap between the two pipes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lower end of the inner pipe which has the vent for injecting the microorganic solution, is projected beyond the lower end of the outer pipe. The microorganic solution is injected by the application of pressure.    USE -   For contaminated soil remaining in earth and for coal and other chemicals.    ADVANTAGE -   Purification of soil which has low concentration of contaminants is done rapidly. The microorganisms are uniformly distributed in soil promoting the mixing of the microorganism with the contaminants and therefore rapid decomposition of the contaminants is enabled. Since only a contamination area in the soil need to be processed, the turbulence of soil is reduced to the minimum extent and therefore, the purification process is carried out economically. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure explains the purification method of the contaminated soil. Parts list: (1) Contaminated soil; (2) Double pipe; (3) Outer pipe; (4) Inner pipe.
NOVELTY - The shellfish sludge is supplied with microbe into a fermenter (1) in primary posture and shellfish sludge fermented material is formed. The posture transformation unit (100) transforms the posture of the fermenter. The fermented material ejected from fermenter in secondary posture is mixed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Mixing conveyance unit (110) under the fermenter conveys it freely either in primary or secondary posture. The screw conveyor (32) carries out conveyance towards fixed position. The fermenter is a container with an openable door (15) and gas formed in it is ejected out. The door is positioned, in the upper portion of the fermenter in primary posture or in lower portion of fermenter in secondary posture. A door opening-closing unit opens or closes the door. The gap formation unit (3) forms gap between shellfish sludge and it consists of some frames in the container. A mesh like screen (20) is arranged near the inner wall of the casing. The fermenter has axial portion fixed by the casing and posture transformation unit has axial portion (4) and bearing (5) supported removably.    USE -   For manufacturing fertilizers.    ADVANTAGE -   By using the fermentation apparatus the process is performed efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial vertical section side view of fermentation processing apparatus. (1) Fermenter; ; (3) Gap formation unit; ; (4) Axial portion; ; (5) Bearing; ; (15) Door; ; (20) Screen; ; (32) Screw conveyor; ; (100) Posture transformation unit; ; (110) Mixing conveyance unit.
NOVELTY - The dechlorination comprises:    (a) a first stage - dissolving or finely suspending a plasticiser-blended halogen-containing polymer composition in an organic solvent to form a solution-like product;    (b) a second stage - reacting the solution-like product with the aqueous solution of an alkali at a temperature in the range of 60 - 200 C.    USE -   The dechloronation is applied to the halogen-containing polymer composition, including polyvinylchloride.    ADVANTAGE -   The high-efficient dechloronation is applied to the halogen-containing polymer composition at the dramatically low temperature range. The result allows low energy costs. Waste plastics are used as fuel instead of heavy oil, eliminating the need for declamation disposal. In blast furnace operation, the amount of dust coal used as a reducing agent, or as a heat source is dramatically reduced.
NOVELTY - A cleaning formulation for a urinal/toilet which includes bacteria, is new.    USE - The cleaning formulation and attachment are used in a waterless urinal system.    ADVANTAGE - The cleaning formulation and attachment provide a waterless urinal system that does not require the porcelain of the urinal to be cleaned on a regular basis with harsh chemicals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following:    (1) a cleaning attachment for a urinal system or a toilet which includes the cleaning formulation above; and    (2) a urinal/toilet system including a receptacle for receiving urine and the attachment of (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - cleaning unit (14)    urinal bowl (10)    outlet hole (12)    inlets (16)    flange (18)    threaded portion (19)    nut (20)    filter (21)    membrane (22)    threaded bar (24)    nuts (26)    waste pipe (28)
NOVELTY - Distributing scoops for a composter are new and have an integral mixing and sieving action, are firmly attached to an axis and end plates, and are spaced apart from mesh sections.    USE - The scoops are used within a composter to mix and sieve the waste.    ADVANTAGE - The scooping of the compost increases the amount of oxygen available to the fermenting waste.
NOVELTY - A composting unit for biological containers, which supplies air and drains off water is new and comprises air supply and removal openings (7), and air/insect filters (8).    USE - The arrangement is used as a composting unit which can be used to treat and decompose organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement is simple and enhances the rotting process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the openings    openings (7)    filters (8)
NOVELTY - The reception tank is connected to a pressure vessel for animal carcass sterilization. This is preceded by a cadaver comminuter. The pressure vessel is connected to the flue gas line from the block thermal power station, to heat comminuted cadavers.    USE - For generating electrical power from animal cadavers and animal waste.    ADVANTAGE - The plant increases biogas production, whilst disposing of cadavers without residue. Dangers of infection and odors in transportation are minimized. The cadavers are removed from the food cycle, and used logically to produce valuable electrical energy. Use of flue gases for sterilization maximizes efficient use of energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the method of operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A block flow diagram is provided.    reception tank (2)    block thermal power station (4)    pressure vessel (5)    cadaver comminuter (6)    flue gas line (13, 11)
NOVELTY - In a process for changing the concentration of components of a gas, especially room air, by scrubbing with a liquid that absorbs optionally changed components and releases the purified gas to the surroundings, the liquid contains microalgae and is exposed to light, so that oxygen is generated by photosynthesis and also released.    USE - The process is especially useful for purifying room air. The biomass grown during this operation is useful as a fertilizer, e.g. for indoor plants.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple, cost-effective and environmentally-friendly and improves the quality of air in a room.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus used.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the apparatus.    Scrubber unit (2)    Cylindrical bubble column reactor (3)    Conical base (4)    Liquid (5)    Pump (6)    Pipe (7)    Open end of pipe (7A)    Microalgae (22)    Purified room air (G)    Light (L)    Room air (R)    Oxygen (S)
The present invention relates to a new method for producing methane instead of traditional methane tank method and its methane quick generation equipment. It is characterized by that using several kinds of organic substances as raw material, pulverizing and mixing the dry material with water to obtain slurry liquor, inoculating methane catalyst, placing the methane catalyst into the methane quick generation equipment, fully stirring and fermentation, and in the course of fermentation pouring slurry liquor material periodically to make supplement, at the same time, discharging sludge material so as to obtain sufficient methane. Besides, the discharged fermented liquor and waste sludge can be made into the high-quality organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Biological poultry litter treatment composition containing a bacteriocin-producing bacteria comprising Propionibacterium jensenii, a protease producing bacteria of the genus Bacillus comprising Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis or B. amyloliquefaciens, a starch fermenting bacteria comprising Lactobacillus curvatus and a carrier is new.    USE - The composition is used to reduce the ammonia concentration and lower the pH in poultry litter (claimed). It controls the decomposition of the litter improving its quality, inhibits the conversion of uric acid excreted by poultry to allantoin carried out by gram negative bacteria, decreases pH which reduces the number of gram negative bacteria in the litter and prevents growth of salmonella, coliform and other pathogenic microbes.    ADVANTAGE - The composition improves the quality of poultry litter resulting in improved health and performance of the birds, reducing the incidence of foot scabs and other lesions which can be caused by poor litter conditions. The composition can be used as part of a litter management program to reduce production losses due to poor litter quality.
NOVELTY - The spirit dreg is dispersed in a container (21) containing soil materials (1) such as kanuma soil, amber soil, vermiculite, peat-moss, humus, fine coal and raw material containing soil micro-organism. The liquid portion of the spirit dreg is evaporated and the solid content is decomposed by the micro-organisms present in the soil.    USE -   For processing waste liquids such as spirit dregs.    ADVANTAGE -   The spirit dregs can be easily processed with a simple installation. By opening a predetermined space at the top of the container, many containers can be installed within the small space and large amount of waste liquid can be processed. The rotation axis penetrates the container vertically and facilitates continuous stirring of the container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the waste liquid processor. (1) Soil materials; (21) Container.
NOVELTY - Microorganism which decomposes the toxic substance is added to the contaminated soil and mixed with an oscillator. The contaminated oil is purified by the microorganism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the purifier, comprising an injection tube for adding the microorganism and oscillating steel sheet for mechanical stirring are provided in the purifier.    USE -   For purification of contaminated soil.    ADVANTAGE -   Contaminated soil and underground water are purified efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline of the purifier. Parts list: (5) Injection tube; (6) Vibro; (7) Oscillating steel sheet.
NOVELTY - The process involves packing organic refuse in a paper which is then put into a container (1) having a lid with holes. The container is closed with the lid and then placed upside down on the ground and left alone for decomposition of organic refuse. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the organic refuse processing container. A cylindrical, rectangular or cubical container having a cover with holes is used.    USE -   For decomposing domestic organic refuse for producing manure.    ADVANTAGE -   Generation of bad odor and accumulation of flies, pests is prevented by using the organic refuse processing container. Domestic organic refuse is decomposed efficiently and good quality manure is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional drawing of organic refuse processing container. Parts list: (1) Container; (4,5) Cover piece.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse (2) consisting essentially of calcium and protein is subjected to deliming process and the ash is removed. Protein content is removed by subjecting the refuse to decomposition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the processing apparatus. The apparatus has a dissolution tank in which bating material is contained. An opening for inserting the organic refuse and exhaust outlet for ejecting the decomposed product are provided.    USE -   For organic refuse from houses and restaurants.    ADVANTAGE -   The organic refuse is processed in a short time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing of organic refuse. (1) Acidic solution; ; (2) Organic refuse; ; (3) Pepsin.
NOVELTY - An organic refuse is fermented by aerobic bacteria when the mixture of these are taken in a treatment tank. The implantation of aerobic bacteria is carried out by holes (23) in the tank. The various gas components generated during fermentation is deodorized by catalyst and absorbent and is then released into atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the organic refuse processing apparatus. An air inlet (12) and outlet of exhaust gas are far away from each other. The tank has a cover member (11) equipped with an inlet for organic refuse. The fermenter is equipped with a stirring blade (21) for stirring the contents.    USE -   Organic refuse used as fertilizers.    ADVANTAGE -   The processing time of the organic refuse is shortened and is inexpensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the transverse plane cross-sectional chart of organic refuse processing apparatus. (11) Cover member; ; (12) Air inlet; ; (21) Stirring blade; ; (23) Holes; ; (25a) Alloy board; ; (25b) Lower wall; ; (26) Gap; ; (27) Heater.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has an exhaust outlet provided with a duct holder in which a duct (46) for exhaust is attached. A detector detects the installation of duct and gives signal to a control to increase the exhaust air quantity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reed switch (42) is provided in the duct mounting portion near the detector. The switch increases the air quantity by operation with an operating unit. The switch is a push button type or a see-saw type.    USE -   For organic refuses such as garbage.    ADVANTAGE -   The removal of exhaust gas from the fermentation tank is efficiently performed by providing the duct. The installation of the duct is simply performed and the process is stabilized for the long period of time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded view of fermentation apparatus. Parts list: (42) Switch; (46) Duct.
NOVELTY - An upper cover (4) attached with shock absorbing material is operably provided in the upper portion of a processing tank (1). A weight measuring portion (5) treated with water repellent process is provided in the upper cover to detect the organic refuse weight before supplying to the tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A display unit is provided to display the detected weight of the refuse. An operator selection display unit is provided to display the predetermined weight range of the refuse. An operation selection unit selects operation mode to be performed based on operation selection display such that the detected weight is within the predetermined range. A display panel with calculation memory unit is provided to calculate and display the remaining amount of refuse to be supplied to the tank by performing the selected operation mode. The operation selection unit and the operation selection display unit displays the result in various colors and in various written forms.    USE -   For decomposing and reducing the amount of organic refuse generated from home, restaurant, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   As the upper cover is provided with shock absorbing material, the influence on weight measuring portion during the closing of the upper cover is relaxed sharply. The life span of the processing tank is improved as predetermined quantity of organic refuse is supplied by evoking caution indicating the exceed in the amount of supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (1) Processing tank; ; (4) Upper cover; ; (5) Weight measuring portion.
NOVELTY - A detachable container (8) receives the processed organic refuse ejected through an opening (7) of an upper elimination tank (5). The inner surface of the container is coated with the polyethylene resin. An elastic duct (9) carries out communication between the container and the tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A double folded adhesive tape is fixed to the circumference of an opening (10) which is positioned at the center of the container. The elimination tank is provided with the stirring blades (14) to stir the contents. A partition plate (4) divides a refuse treatment tank (1) and the elimination tank.    USE -   For decomposing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE -   The elastic duct can be easily fitted into the opening of the container without any gap. Thus helps in efficient elimination of processed refuse. The adhesive tape closes the opening of the container and prevents the dropping of the contents. The stirring plates stirs and finely crushes the contents. The detachable container can be easily exchanged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (1) Treatment tank; ; (4) Partition plate; ; (5) Upper elimination tank; ; (7) Opening; ; (8) Detachable container; ; (9) Elastic duct; ; (10) Opening of container; ; (14) Stirring blades.
NOVELTY - A decorative treasure ship structure (1) is formed using sacred ropes (2) which is formed by twisting and binding at least two bundles of sea tangle with a string. A sail structure is formed by folding single tangle sheet. Two sacred ropes are put in order to form a boat cylinder.    USE -   For use as divine service tool using sea weed.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates effective reusage as edible for decorative purpose by recycling.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of boat-shaped decorative divine service tool. (1) Decorative treasure ship structure; (2) Sacred ropes.
NOVELTY - A specific weight ratio of aerobic soil microbe with moisture retaining property is added to the mixture containing equivalent amounts of aquatic plant pieces, water component regulator and fish processing residue. The mixture is heat stirred, its temperature is raised to prevent the depletion of microbe and then maintained at 80C or less to produce semi-fermented fertilizer.    USE -   For agricultural purpose and obtained from aquatic plants such as water hyacinth, Canadian algae and food processing residue.    ADVANTAGE -   The aerobic fermentation of aquatic plants can be performed easily in short time. The fertilizer is easy to handle and is inexpensive. The fertilizer offers soil improvement and agricultural products of high safety.
NOVELTY - The roughly reversed cone type treatment tank has organic substances and fermentation promoter which are ground and mixed by cutter wings (14) fixed to the rotating shaft (12) in the shape of a cantilever. The temperature sensors (16) arranged along the vertical direction of treatment tank detects the temperature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vertical rotating shaft is actuated by a motor (21) fixed to the upper or lower end. The inclination of treatment tank is 20-50 ?0 and its height is 100 cm or less. The inlet opening (10e) for supply of organic substance is formed on the nuchal plane (10c) of treatment tank. The temperature of upper, central and lower portions are monitored and the fermentation heat raise time, constant temperature time and temperature fall time are found. The motor is rotated, re-grinding and re-stirring is done depending on the need. After completion of processing, compost is ejected from bottom portion of treatment tank.    USE -   For processing organic refuses.    ADVANTAGE -   Since temperature sensors are provided along the vertical direction of the treatment tank fermentation process is carried out identically in all portions of the treatment tank hence homogenization and shortening of fermentation process is attained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus. (10c) Nuchal plane; ; (10e) Inlet opening; ; (12) Rotating shaft; ; (14) Cutter wings; ; (16) Temperature sensors; ; (21) Motor.
NOVELTY - A fermenter supplies organic waste to the processing apparatus in which the waste is fermented by microbes. An electric heater heats the waste to predetermined temperature during fermentation. A thermal storage material is provided outside the fermenter and is heated by the heater.    USE -   For fermentation of organic waste (claimed) e.g. fishery waste, industrial waste and livestock dung.    ADVANTAGE -   Running cost of the apparatus is reduced and effective fermentation of organic waste is realized. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional view of the processing apparatus. Parts list: (1) Fermenter; (18) Thermal storage material; (19) Electric heater; (20) Pressure plate; (24) Resin container.
NOVELTY - Chipped tree materials are subjected, to fermentation. The materials are molded in a predetermined shape with a binder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMs are also included for the following: (1) molding material; and (2) molding material manufacturing method    USE -   For platforms, flower pots, planting bed planting measure improvement materials.    ADVANTAGE -   Felled trees are utilized effectively.
NOVELTY - The organic waste water is subjected to methane fermentation, by anaerobic process. The microbial cell carries out comprehension fixation of the methanated microbe and propionic acid utilizing microbe, using polyvinyl alcohol.    USE -   Waste water can be treated by methane fermentation, without the generation of hydrogen sulphide.    ADVANTAGE -   The storage of propionic acid and generation of hydrogen sulphide during treatment are prevented and methane generation is made favorable.
NOVELTY - Fermentation apparatus consists of a heater to heat the organic refuses, a controller along with temperature detector to control the heating process. The temperature detector senses the temperature of organic refuses and alters the process temperature when the instrumentation time is shorter than the standard processing time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The instrumentation time refers to the actual heating time required for complete heating of the organic refuses. The processed temperature is altered by the detector before inputting to the controller.    USE -   For fermentation of watering organic refuses.    ADVANTAGE -   Because of the alteration of the process temperature, poor process characteristics of watery organic refuses can be detected and rectified. Because of a simple structure of refuse treatment tank, cost of the fermentation apparatus can be reduced. The alteration of process temperature by the temperature detector ensures an efficient and automatic fermentation of watery organic refuses. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation view of the fermentation apparatus for watery organic refuses.
NOVELTY - Porous carbide in the form of granules, pieces and powder is added as water component adjusting material. Aerobic fermentation of the organic waste is performed by adding a microorganism and heating the organic waste. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of ridging for plants. The porous carbide is added to the organic waste and aerobic fermentation of the waste is performed in the presence of a microorganism. phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium present in the waste is adsorbed by the carbide.    USE -   For processing organic refuse from kitchen such as dissected fish, vegetables, fruits and livestock and for manufacturing ridging for vegetable seedlings.    ADVANTAGE -   Water absorption is performed efficiently. Processing time and cost is considerably reduced. The coated carbide performs adsorption of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium and as a result, ridging for plants containing fertilizer components such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium is obtained. Aerobic bacteria is allowed to breed in an aerobic environment. Highly durable ridging for plants is obtained, efficiently.
NOVELTY - The apparatus (A) has a purification chamber (4) and a decomposition tank (2). A nozzle (5) sprays water in the chamber which is collected in a water tank (6) and recirculated to the nozzle by a pump (9) through the pipeline (8). A fan (7) ventilates the chamber. Contaminated air generated in the tank is introduced to the chamber where sprayed water adsorbs impurity, water vapor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus consists of the decomposition tank and the purification chamber. An ozone mixing device (10-12) mixes and dissolves ozone in water in the pipeline (8) and this forms part of the purification chamber. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the air cleaner which carries out purification, dehumidification of the hot, humid, contaminated air.    USE -   For garbage disposal.    ADVANTAGE -   Removes humidity and purifies the hot, humid, contaminated air generated by decomposition of organic refuse because sprayed water adsorbs water vapor and impurity from the contaminated air. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (2) Decomposition tank; ; (4) Purification chamber; ; (5) Nozzle; ; (6) Water tank; ; (7) Fan; ; (8) Pipeline; ; (9) Pump; ; (10-12) Ozone mixing devices; ; (A) Apparatus.
NOVELTY - An accommodation tank (10) includes a stir rod (22) which moves horizontally along the upper portion of the tank. The stir rod has supplementary vertical protruding portion (23) which forms a comb-like structure. The stir rod along with the protruding portions stirs the organic waste in the accommodation tank and improves fermentation process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic waste are ejected from the accommodation tank through an exhaust outlet. The edge of the vertical protruding portion of the stir rod is inclined at the lower end for better stirring.    USE -   For fermenting organic waste such as livestock excrement, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The stirring mechanism of the accommodation tank increases the efficiency of the fermentation process. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional view of the fermenting apparatus for organic refuse. (10) Accommodation tank; ; (22) Stir rod; ; (23) Vertical protruding portion.
NOVELTY - A process to treat an organic substance (3) using a colony of cultivated bacteria is new.    USE - The method is used to treat an organic substance with a colony of bacteria. Organic substances (4) are introduced to the reactor (1) via an inlet (4), with liquid, minerals and bacteria (5).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process to treat an organic substance (3) using a colony of cultivated bacteria is new. A colony of the bacteria (5) is introduced into a cylinder (1) rotating at a variable and controlled speed. The bacteria is subjected to radar (6) emissions at a defined frequency (7). Following treatment, inorganic substances are discharged and replaced by a fresh supply. Heat energy generated within the reactor (1) is removed by means of an integrated heat exchanger (2), and gases (8) are released through a pipe system. A portion of the bacteria (5) discharged through a pipe (10) at the reactor end, is returned to the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the rotating cylinder with helical heat removal tube.
A process for preparing soil-improving agent from the waste culture medium of mushroom, which is prepared from wheat straw, horse droppings, chicken droppings, soybean cake, peat and powdered gypsum includes high-temperature sterilization and optional natural fermentation, and features full use of wastes and high quality of soil-improving agent for increasing yield of crops.
(CN1219525-A)   NOVELTY - Treacle is fermented by yeast, to obtain an alcohol slag. The alcohol slag is concentrated to 3.5 increment of the initial concentration, to obtain a slag concentrate. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and lysine were added to the slag concentrate, to obtain a fertilizer.    USE - For fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer can be preserved for long period of time.
Green compound fertiliser is prepared from garbage, industrial waste, and plant straws or stalks by sorting, crushing and fermentation.    ADVANTAGE -   The fertiliser causes no pollution and contains no chemical components. It also provides a means of disposing wastes and it is easily assimilated.
A process for generating marsh gas by high-concentration fermentation of organic city garbage features that the organic city garbage containing solid 30-40% is fermented in aerobic conditions at first and then in anaerobic conditions. Its advantages include quick start, short period reduced by 15-20 days, no acidic poison, high output (0.3 cu.m/cu.m.d in average and 0.6 cu.m/cu.m.d to maximum), lowwater content in fermented organic substance, high pathogenic bacteria-killing effect, and no environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - The synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide mixture is made to contact a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst under effective conditions to form hydrocarbons. A part of synthesized hydrocarbons reacts with hydrogen (produced from synthesis gas) in presence of hydroconversion catalyst to alter the molecular structure of hydrocarbon and to produce a hydrogen rich tail gas.    USE - For forming synthetic crude oil, liquid fuel (e.g. motor gasoline, diesel fuel), olefins, solvents, lubricating oil (e.g. turbine and metal working oils), industrial oil (e.g. well drilling fluid, heat transfer fluid), medicinal oil, waxy hydrocarbons, nitrogen and oxygen content compounds.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen required for rejuvenating hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst, hydroconversion of synthesized hydrocarbon and hydrodesulfurization of well liquid is obtained within the integrated hydrocarbon synthesis plant, without depending on external source of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide mixture is made to contact a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst under effective conditions to form hydrocarbons. A part of synthesized hydrocarbons reacts with hydrogen (produced from synthesis gas) in presence of hydroconversion catalyst to alter the molecular structure of hydrocarbon and to produce a hydrogen rich tail gas which is used for hydrocarbon synthesis, hydrogen production, rejuvenation of hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst or hydrodesulfurization of sulfur content hydrocarbon liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the integrated gas conversion plant.    plant (10)    generating unit (12)    slurry reactor (14)    lines (20,22,24,26,28)
NOVELTY - Alkylene carbonate is used to absorb the carbon dioxide from landfill gas to allow use of the methane as a fuel source.    USE - For use in removing carbon dioxide from landfill gas to allow use of methane as fuel source.    ADVANTAGE - The absorbent is not prone to oxygen degradation and can be regenerated for recycling. Improves the combustibility of the landfill gas.
NOVELTY - A pretreatment process for catalyst materials, especially methanol reforming catalysts, comprises: (a) a forming step involving exposure to a hydrogen-containing gas mixture followed by; (b) a deactivation step involving exposure to an oxygen-containing gas mixture.    USE - For the pretreatment of catalysts with a tendency to shrink in the reactor, especially catalysts used in methanol reforming reactions, e.g. to obtain hydrogen in fuel cell-operated motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Pretreatment is repeated until there is no further shrinkage, so that no significant loss of catalyst volume/mass occurs during prolonged operation in the reactor. There is therefore no loss of reactor performance, no need to top up the catalyst level, no overheating due to reduced heat requirements in endothermic reactions and no flaking in catalyst layers.
NOVELTY - The inflammable waste is heated in a low oxygen atmosphere to form a carbide. The carbide was ground in water and purified by dehydrating and drying.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus for manufacturing carbide from inflammable waste.    USE -   Conversion of industrial waste and waste containing plastics such as PVC and polypropylene for use as fuels in boilers, as a substitute for charcoal in metal refining, as a soil improvement agent, and as activated charcoal absorbent.    ADVANTAGE -   The carbide manufacture is of high purity and does not contain toxic substances such as heavy metals. The carbide does not cause any corrosion to boilers. The carbide has good absorptivity, water retention and soil improvement property. The grinding and purification of the carbide is performed simultaneously.
NOVELTY - The raw material is initially dehydrated. Then, the rate of water in the dehydration cake, is adjusted. Finally, continuous carbonisation of raw material is carried out.    USE -   For formation of carbide from water containing organic substance such as dregs of beer, wine.    ADVANTAGE -   Recycling of resources is enabled by forming carbide which prevents destruction of natural environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of carbonisation processing apparatus.
NOVELTY - To the dried sewage sludge, 1-5 wt% of calcined lime is added and casted in the form of pellet to form the solid fuel.    USE -   For manufacturing solid fuel from sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE -   Converting sewage sludge into solid fuel reduces environmental pollution. By reducing the number of bacteria and odour greatly, sanitation is improved.
NOVELTY - An exhaust fan (6) and deodorant unit (10) are in the exhaust gas line (5). One end portion of diluting air supply path (8) with fan (7) for dilution is between organic refuse insertion opening (2) and treatment tank. The other end portion of air supply path leads from downstream side of the deodorant unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic refuse insertion opening has an openable lid (3) with inlet port (4).    USE -   For organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Since fan is provided for dilution, a separate opening for feeding air is not necessary. The odor does not come out since the apparatus is closed air-tight by using the lid. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic refuse processing apparatus. (2) Insertion opening; ; (3) Openable lid; ; (4) Inlet port; ; (5) Exhaust gas line; ; (6) Exhaust fan; ; (7) Fan; ; (8) Air supply path(10) Deodorant unit.
NOVELTY - A valve (30) is provided between cathode waste gas line (5) which guides cathode waste gas to a combustor, and circulation line (3) which supplies cathode waste gas to CO2recycle line (7). The valve is closed at the time of emergency shut down of the power plant.    USE -   For exhausting internal gas safely and reliably during emergency shut down of fuel battery based electricity generation installation.    ADVANTAGE -   As the valve closes at the time of plant emergency shut down, the anode waste gas is completely burnt. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel battery based electricity generation installation. (3) Circulation line; (5) Cathode waste gas line; (7) Recycle line; (30) Valve.
NOVELTY - The polycrystalline material which is oxide ion conductor has triclinic crystal structure. The nuclear composition is Bi46(V8-8xAs8xO89 (0x1). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the polycrystalline material.    USE -   Used for fuel battery, oxygen-pump sensor and electrolytic sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the polycrystalline material has many oxides, it has outstanding oxide ionic conduction.
NOVELTY - Uses refrigerating machine oil having less mutual solubility with the refrigerant to generate less sediment and which has good sealing and lubricating performance.    USE - For use in refrigeration and air conditioning.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus with refrigeration cycle is formed by annularly connecting a compressor, condenser, expansion device and evaporator with one another. The apparatus uses a refrigerant comprising propane isobutane and or ethane as main component and refrigerating machine oil having less mutual solubility with refrigerant. A dryer is included in the cycle for absorbing water.
NOVELTY - Additive for containers for collecting organic materials comprises a mixture of a particulate absorbent carrier and an odor-improving and/or odor-inhibiting substance. The carrier is coconut fiber dust and/or comminuted coconut fiber, sawdust and/or wood shavings, comminuted natural fibers, a cellulosic material, a granulated mineral or granulated soil, or peat dust.    USE - To reduce odor and absorb liquids in bins used to store organic waste from households or commercial establishments.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The odor-improving or inhibiting substance is a deodorizer. The additive can also contain a bacteriostatic preservative and/or an insecticide or fungicide.
NOVELTY - A method for the microbial purification of contaminated solid substances is new and comprises percolating the solid substance with an aqueous medium and aerating it.    USE - The process is used to decontaminate, e.g. soil, building rubble, sludges and old wood from aliphatic, alicyclic and/or aromatic carbon compounds using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The process provides stable and effective conditions for the microorganisms to decompose the contaminants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for the microbial purification of contaminated solid substances comprises percolating the solid substance with an aqueous medium and aerating it. The solid substance is warmed by the heated circulating medium. Fractionated organic substances are added to the solid substance. Heat-loss is avoided by regulating the aeration in such a way, that enough oxygen is added to sustain the microbial degradation of the contaminants and encasing the process in an air pervious isolating material.
NOVELTY - A composting chamber (8) for receiving toilet waste and mixing with decomposition-boosting material is located above and separated from a removable humus collection container (12) by a perforated metal grid (18) which supports the compost and allows the decomposition product, i.e. humus, to fall through. A sliding damper (22) has bars and openings (23,24) which cooperate with the grid bars and openings (19,20) to regulate the compost moisture balance.    USE - The chamber is useful for composting toilet waste, i.e. urine, faeces and toilet paper, into humus with the aid of natural microorganisms, evaporation of liquids and decomposition-boosting material, e.g. specially formulated humus. The toilet casing can house a fan motor and heating elements to circulate and heat air in order to accelerate the composting process.    ADVANTAGE - The chamber enables the compost moisture content or moisture balance to be maintained at an optimum value for the decomposition process. Otherwise, the process decelerates or may stop completely, and in the case where the compost is too moist, liquid seeps into the humus collection container and may spill over resulting in dampness and bad odors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the lower part of the composting toilet.    Composting chamber (8)    Humus collection container (12)    Perforated metal grid (18)    Grid bars and openings (19,20)    Sliding damper (22)    Damper bars and openings. (23,24)
NOVELTY - The natural gas modification and hydrogen separation processes are simultaneously carried out in a modifier/separation device (4). The hydrogen and CO2 containing modified gas are separately burnt in combustors (14,43) to drive turbines (15,44).    USE -   Used in LNG based thermal power station.    ADVANTAGE -   Large amount of CO2 gases can be collected easily and inexpensively without reforming LNG fuel. Thermal efficiency is improved by producing power from hydrogen and carbon dioxide containing hydrocarbon gas without cooling modified gas. Integration of modifier and H2 gas separator simplifies installation and operation. Heat loss is reduced by harnessing power from hydrogen and waste gas exhaust heat as well as generating water vapor for natural gas modification without auxiliary heat source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows conceptual diagram of electric power generation system. (4) Modifier/separation device; (14,43) Combustors; (15,44) Drive turbines.
NOVELTY - Transformation apparatus consists of a heat exchange plate (34) which has a coolant flow path (P). The heat exchange plate is made up of two mutually faced sheets and converts the carbon monoxide gas to carbon-di-oxide gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier (2) using transformation apparatus transforms the gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide to original heating gas. The modified heating gas is then supplied to the electricity generation unit (5) of fuel battery electrical power generating device.    USE -   Used in fuel battery electrical power generating device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The simple assembly of the transformation apparatus reduces the cost and size of the apparatus and shortens the start-up time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel battery electrical power generating device provided with transformation apparatus. (2) Modifier; ; (5) Electricity generation unit; ; (34) Heat exchange plate.
NOVELTY - The partial oxidation modifier comprises a double-walled pipe (52) and radially arranged air pipes (53) extending from the inner sides of the container cover. The heated gas flows through the inlet pipe and the modified anode gas after partial oxidation is discharged from the chamber (55) through the gas outlet pipe (57).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The upper end of the inner pipe (52a) is positioned at a lower level than the container cover and its lower end is connected to a gas outlet pipe. The configured inner pipe and outer pipe (52b) contribute to the breadth of the double-walled pipe. An oxidation catalyst is filled in the clearance and the chamber. Heat insulation materials (60) are filled in the space between the outer pipe and inner side of the container.    USE -   For transformation of carbonates in a fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Due to high reaction temperature the modification process efficiency is improved. The modification efficiency does not reduce with high voltage and hence limitation of temperature and pressure of the plant can be avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the partial oxidation modifier. (52) Double-walled pipe; (52a) Inner pipe; (52b) Outer pipe; (53) Air pipes; (55) Chamber; (57) Gas outlet pipe; (60) Insulation materials.
NOVELTY - An organic compound is biodegraded using microorganism of strain J1 (FERM BP-5102) or its mutant. The microorganism is proliferated and contacted with methanol.    USE -   For recovery of environment such as air, water, soil from organic compounds such as trichloro ethylene and dichloro ethylene.    ADVANTAGE -   The biodegradation of organic compounds in the environment is performed efficiently and stably.
NOVELTY - A mixture of acetylene with propane, propylene or propane/propylene with 30 - 40 % acetylene gives good results with oxygen in blowpipe operations.    USE - The mixture is well suited to the cutting of steels, particularly non-alloyed or low-alloy steels. It can also be used in operations of brazing, heating, thermal treatment and flame treatment of granites and marble.    ADVANTAGE - The presence of acetylene in the mixture gives a luminous flame and increased flame temperature, improving the quality of cut edges. The mixture produces a longer flame than that of acetylene alone and thus increases the cutting power for thick work pieces. The preheating time, before commencement of cutting, is equivalent to that obtained with TETRENE (RTM) (a mixture of 39 % methylacetylene and propadiene, 44 % of propylene, and 17 % of a mixture of butane, propane and their unsaturated derivatives), and with a superior quality of cutting and cheaper operating costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gaseous fuel composition comprising acetylene and propane, propylene or propane/propylene mixture in the ratio Qp / Qa = 1.1 - 4, where Qp is the proportion of propane, propylene or mixture and Qa is the proportion of acetylene, is claimed.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the use and preparation of the mixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 showed the curves obtained: PP and PS related to trials with a cutting head MACH 3S PROPANE and TP to trials with a cutting head MACH 3S (RTM) TETRENE (RTM).
NOVELTY - Pre-thickened raw or foul sludge is heated to 180 degrees C, changing the inner structure and the biological components. The solid substances are subjected to a high-pressure dewatering process without further additives and are dewatered to a high level. The highly dewatered sludge is introduced into a pressurized fluid bed reactor where it is heated in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere to produce a product gas. The product gas is used for the generation of electricity. The effluent heat from the fluidized bed reactor and from the electrical generator is surrendered to a closed pipe system which surrenders heat through heat exchangers. The surrendered heat is used to preheat pre-thickened fresh incoming sludge.    USE - To dispose of sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The process minimizes the volume of solid residue for final disposal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a dewatering apparatus comprises a sludge heater, a high pressure dewatering plant, a fluidized bed reactor and an electrical generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic layout of the process.
A process for clarifying stink gas containing sulfur features that the waste stink gas passes through a filler tower fulling of sulfur-decomposing bacillus filler and the humidity of the filler is kept at 20-80 w% to ensure full contact between waste gas and the bacillus for degrading sulfide.    ADVANTAGE -   As the filler layer is in non-liquid phase, it has high clarifying efficiency and lower pressure drop.Besides spraying nutritive liquid, any chemical is not needed, resulting in low consumption of raw materials and no secondary pollution.
NOVELTY - Comminuted waste is separated, preparing a fraction suitable for thermal treatment. It is stabilized biologically, breaking down organic material. A richly-carbonaceous fraction graded up to a limiting size, is used as fuel, or is landfilled. The fuel is incinerated or gasified, especially in a fluidized bed plant. The energy is preferably exploited in a power generation plant.    USE - To dispose of wastes, e.g. domestic, containing carbonaceous materials.    ADVANTAGE - This process is intentionally simple, and allows the energy content of the waste to be exploited, with plant of minimal cost. Consumption of conventional fuels is reduced. Suggested applications for the gas produced, include supplementary firing in cement works and power stations, as a synthesis gas in methanol production, and as carbon substitute in steel works.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solids produced as described.    Preferred features: Biological treatment comprises aerobic hydrolysis, supplying an elutriation fluid and air. Drying and compaction follow. Ash from combustion or gasification forms landfill and substitutes raw materials of the construction industry. Mechanical waste preparation comprises successive comminution and screening stages. Ferrous, non-ferrous and heavy fractions are removed in connection with comminution. Waste is separated into coarse and fine fractions in a first comminution and screening process. The fines are biologically stabilized. Combustion or gasification take place in a circulating fluidized bed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A block diagram summarizes the pattern of exploitation.
NOVELTY - Burner nozzle (20) for injecting synthesis gas reaction materials into a reaction chamber (16) comprises: a number of material flow conduits for supplying reaction materials to an aperture for discharge in substantially concentric annular layers about and along a discharge axis. A high temperature material heat-shield positioned adjacent the aperture and including a number of independent tiles, where each of the tiles overlaps another tile of the number of tiles    USE - Generation of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and other gases by partial combustion of a particulate hydrocarbon such as coal in the presence of water and oxygen.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is of simple construction and economical in operation, has a greater life expectancy and a reduced rate of corrosion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for: a fluid coolant jacket lies around the flow conduits and aperture, having an end-face surface substantially normal to the discharge axis. The heat shield is secured by a fused metal alloy and includes circular arc segments, each segment overlapping another segment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partial sectional view of a synthesis gas generator combustion chamber and burner.    Reactor vessel (10)    Shell (12)    Liner (14)    Combustion chamber (16)    Neck (18)    Neck flange (19)    Burner assembly (20)    Face (22)    Flange (24)    Core column (28)    Nozzle assembly (30)    Conduit (42)    Assembly port (44)    Upper assembly port (45)
NOVELTY - A supported gas separation membrane is formed from a porous polymer support layer and an asymmetric fluoropolyimide separation membrane.    USE - In separating a component of a gas mixture, especially carbon dioxide from natural gas (methane).    ADVANTAGE - The membrane converts low quality natural gas into high quality gas and has a high selectivity for carbon dioxide over methane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for separating two gases comprises;    (a) providing a supported gas separation membrane having a porous polymer support layer and a polyimide asymmetric gas separation membrane of formula (I);    (b) contacting one side of the membrane with a feed gas on the high-pressure side of a separation chamber;    (c) maintaining a pressure differential so that one gas selectively permeates to the low-pressure side; and    (d) removing the enriched and depleted gases.    R = formulae II, III, IV, V or VI; and    x = an integer.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) the gas separation membrane; and    (2) a process for making the membrane comprising applying a solution of the polyimide in a water-miscible organic solvent and a miscible non-solvent to the polymer support, partly evaporating the solvent, contacting the layer with a coagulating medium, washing and drying.
NOVELTY - A mixture AB of gases flows from an inlet (4), through a valve (2), into a sorption chamber (1) to contact an activated carbon fiber composite sorption material (14) which is subject to a magnetic field from an electromagnet (12). The magnetic field causing a first fluid to be preferentially diffused to the sorption material at a faster rate than the component fluid which flows out through valve (5) and outlet (6).    USE - In enhancing the diffusion rate and separating mixtures of gases based on sorption (claimed) such as oxygen-nitrogen separation and any mixture in which the species comprise differences in paramagnetism or diamagnetism.    ADVANTAGE - The system can be applied as a magnetic field swing sorption device or as an enhancement for pressure swing and thermal swing adsorption devices. With a pressure swing adsorption system for oxygen-nitrogen separation oxygen will be more strongly sorbed at a faster rate and nitrogen more weakly sorbed at a slower rate with a magnetic field imposed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The first fluid has a magnetic susceptibility and the component fluid a lesser magnetic susceptibility. The activated carbon fiber composite material comprises porous carbon fibers bonded with a carbonizable organic binder to form an open permeable structure having enhanced sorption affinity for the first fluid in the presence of a magnetic field. An INDEPENDENT claim is also included for an apparatus for use with the method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional schematic view of the apparatus.    sorption chamber (1)    3-way valve (2)    inlet (4)    3-way valve (5)    outlet (6)    power supplies (8)    electromagnet (12)    activated carbon fiber composite sorption material (14)    purge gas inlet (15)
NOVELTY - The desulfurizer (15) filled only with the hydrogen sulfide absorber, removes hydrogen sulfide contained in the heating gas and supplies hydrogen from transformer (22) to modifier (19).    USE -   For fuel battery based power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature fluctuation of the desulfurizer caused by the oxygen density fluctuation contained in heating gas is suppressed, and thereby stabilizes plant operation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the fuel power plant. (15) Desulfurizer; (19) Modifier; (22) Transformer.
NOVELTY - Pyrolysis gas (6a) generated in an outside heat kiln furnace (1) is supplied to a hot air producer (9) through a pyrolysis gas line (14). When the gas is in halfway, it is cooled to ca. 110 degrees C at which the condensation of moisture is prevented by a separation device (38) which separates the oil component (6e).    USE -   For fusing city refuse.    ADVANTAGE -   Extracts an oil component of high calorie without moisture from pyrolysis gas, thereby allowing use as an auxiliary heat source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the gasification fusion apparatus. (1) Outside heat kiln furnace; (6a) Pyrolysis gas; (6e) Oil component; (9) Hot air producer; (14) Pyrolysis gas line.
NOVELTY - The decomposer has a stir tank (4) to which organic waste (1) is supplied and filled with granules (3). Through an opening (15) microorganisms are added for zymosis. A stirrer (5) stirs the waste and the granules. A heater (6) heats the tank and an air conditioner (7) aerates outer air to the tank. The granules are globular, porous activated alumina.    USE -   For decomposing the organic waste obtained by food processing.    ADVANTAGE -   The organic waste is concentrated as the volume is reduced by zymosis. The decomposing process is economical. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the decomposer for organic waste. (1) Organic waste; ; (3) Granules; ; (4) Stir tank; ; (5) Stirrer; ; (6) Heater; ; (7) Air conditioner; ; (15) Opening; ; (17) Elimination hole; ; (18) Outlet; ; (21) Horizontal axis; ; (22) Connector; ; (31) Circulator; ; (33) Outer tank.
NOVELTY - The hollow portion (22b) is connected through an aperture (22b2) to each stirrer (22) present in the tank (10). A blower (24) supplies air to each stir unit through the inner side of an rotation axis (21). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A stir tank containing organic waste (M) has a perpendicular rotation axis activated by a drive unit (30). Stirrers are arranged at different heights of the rotation axis. The hollow portion is connected through an aperture to each stirrer present in the tank. The blower supplies air to each stir unit through the inner side of an rotation axis.    USE -   Used for the fermentation of organic waste, such as livestock excrement.    ADVANTAGE -   The fermentation of the organic waste is effective as air is circulated throughout the whole mass of the organic waste. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross- sectional chart of waste fermentation apparatus. (10) Tank; ; (21) Rotation axis; ; (22) Stirrer; ; (22b) Hollow portion; ; (22b2) Aperture; ; (24) Blower; ; (25) Supplementary stirrer; ; (25a) Flat portions; ; (30) Drive unit.
NOVELTY - Water of high temperature and pressure is passed via constant pressure valve (1), reducing its pressure to atmospheric pressure, introduced into cooling tank and circulated with circulating pump (4), reducing temperature below saturation temperature. The fluid is ejected via water level regulating valve (3) and non-condensable gas is introduced which is cooled below its boiling point.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The non-condensable gas is introduced through the circulating path (5). The constant pressure valve (1) controls the pressure of water to a fixed pressure.    USE -   Used for cooling high temperature and pressure fluids. e.g. water in supercritical state of an atomic power plant, harmful, radioactive or degradable organic substance containing fluids, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the pressure and temperature of fluids reduces to near the atmospheric pressure, the flash vessel of a larger volume for decrease in pressure and temperature becomes unnecessary. The cooling system is reduced in size. Since the non-condensable gas of reduced pressure is cooled below the boiling point temperature, the inside of the container is at pressure less than atmospheric pressure so the safety of run operation of high temperature, high pressure cooling system is secured. Since a cooled fluid is circulated, scales do not adhere to the cooling pipe. The leakage of the fluid by the sides of cooling medium is abolished and contamination is reliably prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire composition of the high temperature, high pressure fluid cooling system. (1) Constant pressure value; (3) Water level regulating valve; (4) Circulating pump.
NOVELTY - A mixer (2) mixes newly received sludge and old sludge, to which bacteria is added in microbe mixer (4). Then, mixture is supplied to fermentation tanks (6) that are moved by drive units (50). Fermented sludge is extracted through extraction unit after classification by classifier (8) and remainder is extracted for recirculation.    USE -   For fermentation of sludge such as industrial waste, urine, faeces, organic refuse, livestock dung using micro- organism.    ADVANTAGE -   Bad smell of sludge leaking to atmosphere is prevented by airtight sealed container and hence prevents environmental pollution. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows principal part top view of sludge processing system. (2) Mixer; (4) Microbe mixer; (6) Fermentation tanks; (8) Classifier; (50) Drive units.
NOVELTY - The waste passed through sieves (1a-1c) is separated into solid and liquid by dehydrater (2). The isolated solid and liquid is supplied to treatment tanks (3a,3b) connected to compressor (4) and ozone generator (5). The treated waste is passed to ultraviolet irradiation zone (8) through tank (7). Then, processed waste is received in ceramic tanks (9a,9b). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the waste processing method.    USE -   For processing wastes of livestock such as pigs in sewage water treatment.    ADVANTAGE -   As chemical agents are not used, processing is simplified. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of waste processing apparatus. (1a-1c) Sieves; (2) Dehydrater; (3a,3b) Treatment tanks; (4) Compressor; (5) Ozone generator; (7) Tank; (8) Ultraviolet irradiation zone; (9a,9b) Ceramic tanks.
NOVELTY - The main body (1) of the apparatus performs a predetermined preprocessing of the organic refuse. The organic refuse from the main body is supplied to the process units (2a,2b,2c), where the refuse is decomposed using microorganism. The process units are provided cyclically at predetermined intervals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the organic refuse processing method. The foreign material present in the organic refuse is removed and the refuse is crushed to predetermined dimension. The refuse is subjected to dehydration. A predetermined quantity of the refuse is measured and injected into the processing units, where it is circulated at a predetermined time elapse.    USE -   For industries.    ADVANTAGE -   Processing efficiency of the organic refuse is enhanced. The circulation of the processing units is performed automatically and easily. Operation efficiency of the apparatus is raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the top view of organic refuse processing apparatus. (1) Main body; ; (2a,2b,2c) Process units; ; (3) Run rail.
NOVELTY - The catalyst contains mixture of catalyst (a) zirconium with hydroxide and/or oxide of tungsten and (b) zirconium containing hydroxide and/or oxide of one of VIII group metals excluding tungsten.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of solid acid catalyst. Particles containing zirconium with hydroxide and/or oxide of tungsten and zirconium with hydroxide and/or oxide of one of other VIII group metals are mechanically mixed together to form solid acid catalyst.    USE -   For acid catalyzed reactions such as hydrocarbon conversion reaction, carburation reaction, polymerisation, isomerisation, alkylation, esterification etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The solid catalyst has high catalytic activity and may be effectively used for acid catalyzed reactions.
NOVELTY - A polyelectrolytic fuel cell wherein a reaction catalyst layer and a gas dispersion layer are stacked successively on both sides of a polyelectrolytic film. Several fuel cells are stacked to have an oxidizing gas passage and a fuel passage formed on both of this polyelectrolytic film, the oxidizing gas passage being connected with a supply manifold for oxidizing gas and a discharge manifold for oxidizing gas, the fuel gas passage being connected with a supply manifold for fuel gas and a discharge manifold for fuel gas. A combustion catalyst is provided at least in one of an inner surface of the oxidizing gas passage, an inside of the supply manifold for the oxidizing gas and an inside of the discharge manifold for the oxidizing gas.    USE - A polyelectrolytic fuel cell capable of generating power by causing fuel gas to react to oxidizing gas by means of a polyelectrolytic film.    ADVANTAGE - The output voltage of the polyelectrolytic cells is stabilized, and possible explosive combustion of fuel gas is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view showing the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Odorants in undigested liquids and organic substances, undigested feces, undigested mixtures human or animal feces and urine, undigested organic substances and communal wastes are bound by adding rock dust and/or clay minerals and magnesium carbonate and/or magnesium dicarbonate (sic) with a particle size below 90 mum.    USE - The products can be composted and used as fertilizers.    ADVANTAGE - Odors are rapidly and efficiently eliminated without using expensive environmentally harmful chemicals.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has at least one connecting element and/or at least one end plate (3), which consists of up to one electron conducting gas distribution structure and one electron conducting electrical connector (5) made of plastic. The electronic conducting connection of the gas distribution structure leads out of the connecting element or end plate.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Lighter, improved, simpler to manufacture, and does not have to be replaced within an arrangement of fuel cells if damaged in order to enable current to continue to be generated by the arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of the fuel cell.    electrodes (1)    electrolytic layer (2)    end plates (3)    gas distribution structure (4)    electrical conductors (5)    .
NOVELTY - The plant (1) has a container (2) with inlet (3) and outlet (4) connections for a wastewater stream. A large number of separate carrying elements (8) are enclosed by nets (6,7) in a riser pipe (5) placed vertically in said container in a bio-zone (20). Air is pumped (12) through tube (13) and diaphragm (14) into the riser followed by water from a submersible pump (9), pipe (10) and valves (11).    USE - For biological treatment of wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The alternating aerobic and anaerobic conditions give rapid treatment and the plant can be easily placed into existing containers with a need for biological treatment. The method has reduced strain and reduces the need for further biological treatment in large wastewater treatment plants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for biological treatment of waste water using the above plant.    Preferred Features: The carrying elements are shaped as thin discs having a surface area of 80,000-150,000 m2/m3 of bio-zone (20). The plant (1) is supplied with wastewater from a preliminary settling tank and the outlet is fed to a collection receiver. A control system (15) is installed to give alternating operation of air pump (12) and water pump (9) means.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic of the purification apparatus.    Plant (1)    Container (2)    Inlet (3)    Outlet (4)    Riser pipe (5)    Containment nets (6,7)    Submerged water pump (9)    Water line (10)    Water valves (11)    Air pump (12)    Air supply line (13)    Air diaphragm (14)    Control unit (15)    Power supply (18)
NOVELTY - A number of bio-suspension elements (107) are disposed in a tank (10) enclosure floating at least partly submerged in said body of water (12). The elements (107) provide surfaces for growing at least five different biological microorganisms. These microorganisms are intermittently injected into said enclosure along with a water flow.    USE - To remove selected biodegradable materials from wastewater streams.    ADVANTAGE - The more effective process working at higher flow speeds is less subject to bio-fouling growths.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus to treat water streams using the method detailed above.    Preferred Features: The inlet flow is continuously aerated and flows at about 60 feet per minute with a similar removal rate. The pH, total dissolved solids, temperature and treated water flow rate are continuously measured. The water body may be a treatment lagoon with a depth of at least 8 feet at a temperature of 25-45 degreesC. The bio-suspension elements (107) are injection molded plastic spherical balls of some 3.5 inches diameter supported on a frame (14). An impeller (106) may be used to circulate water with a controller (72) linked to sensor means (78,80) to control the addition of biological treatment means.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic of the apparatus.    Apparatus (10)    Body of water (12)    Frame (14)    Sensor means (78,80)    Controlled additive inlet (100)    Agitator impeller (108)    Bio-suspension support elements (107)
NOVELTY - Plasma etching using e.g. an oxalyl fluoride etching composition with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) no greater than 3000.    USE - Manufacture of semi-conducting devices.    ADVANTAGE - During the etching process, unreacted chemicals and by-products do not contribute significantly to global warming.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method (M) of etching comprising subjecting a material (MT) under plasma etching conditions to an etching composition having a GWP of less than or equal to 3000 and comprising at least one etchant compound (C) having a formula selected from F-CO-((CR1R2)m-CO)n-F and F-CO-R3-CO-F,    m = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or S;    n = 1;    R1 and R2 represent H, F or CxHyFz; x = 1 or 2 and Y+z = 2x+ 1; R3 = CR4 = CR5, R6R7C=C or compound 1: (1); R4-7 = H, F, or CxHyFz.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (i) cleaning a surface using method (M), and    (ii) an etching composition comprising etchant compound (C) and a second constituent for enhancing or modifying etching characteristics.
NOVELTY - A process for extrusion foaming styrene resins comprises melting the resin with an expanding agent injected into it to form a mobile gel for extrusion foaming through a die at low pressure. The expanding agent mainly contains 5-40 wt.% 1 or more of dimethyl ether, diethyl ether and methyl ethyl ether, and 60-95 wt.% 3-5C saturated hydrocarbons.    USE - The foams (claimed) are particularly useful as construction materials.    ADVANTAGE - Such foams have excellent heat insulating properties, compression strength and long-term storage stability, and are environmentally friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - DETAILED DESCIPTION - A process for extrusion foaming styrene resins comprises melting the resin with an expanding agent injected into it to form a mobile gel for extrusion foaming through a die at low pressure. The expanding agent mainly contains 5-40 wt.% 1 or more of dimethyl ether, diethyl ether and methyl ethyl ether, and 60-95 wt.% 3-5C saturated hydrocarbons. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a similar process in which the 3-5C saturated hydrocarbons are replaced by 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane; or 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; or 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane or/and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluropropane; or particularly not more than 50 wt.%, calculated with exclusion of ether, 1 or more of 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluropropane.
NOVELTY - Fertilizer produced from any available type of animal excrement, or their mixtures, in semi-liquid form, using a forced dehydration method, is new. Simultaneously with dehydration the material undergoes pasteurization in result of contact with hot air.    USE - The process is useful for the production of organic fertilizer from various animal excrements.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows the use of starting material of high moisture content (practically in liquid state), solves the problem of manure storage and disposal and gives high quality product in relatively short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fertilizer is produced from any type of farm animal or bird excrement, which normally has high moisture content (up to 90%) and which is stored in liquid manure pools. The material is passed to homogenizer, where it is mixed with already dehydrated product and/or other organic products, to produce required characteristics and structure, from the homogenizer it passes to rotary horizontal air-dehydrator, provided with heating means, and then it is stored and subjected to aerobic fermentation. The heating means consist of electric generator and the hot air is fed to the base of the dehydrator in such way as to subject the product to pasteurization.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the technological scheme and equipment used in process.    dehydrator (1)    homogenizer (2)    aerobic fermentation vessel (3)    dehydrated product (4)    feeder of starting material (5)    feeder of part of dehydrated product to homogenizer (6)    hot air duct (7)    the line for passage of dehydrated product to storage/aerobic fermentation vessel (8)    agitating device (9)    line for supply of organic products - additives to homogenizer (10)
NOVELTY - Measurement of pathogen inactivation in medical waste technologies using a waste-disrupting step.    USE - The process is useful as a one-step biological decontamination and sterilization system for treating wastes in hospitals, laboratories, clinics and medical offices.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple, economic and routine and applicable to alternative type destruction-type medical waste treatment technologies    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An article for quality control in infectious waste treatment systems, comprises a destruction-resistant medium containing indicator microorganisms at a given number per unit, which are homogeneously seeded throughout the entire medium to yield a uniform cell count of microorganisms. The medium is non-brittle and resilient, is severable into 2 or more separate pieces upon treatment in a waste treatment process having a physical disruption step, and contains a known kind of microorganism.
NOVELTY - Gas liquefaction appts. comprises: device for thermodynamic conditioning of the gas to be liquefied to achieve gas supercritical pressure and minimal temperature consistent with ambient conditions; an inlet line to supply gas for thermodynamic conditioning; external refrigerator generating distributed variable temperature heat sinks in heat absorber to cool supercritical pressure gas to final temperature lower than saturation temperature of liquified gas.    USE - Liquefaction of gases whose critical temperature is lower than the ambient temperature.    ADVANTAGE - Exegetic losses during are negligibly small, exegetic loss of cooling gas by refrigerator is minimized, and flash gas at normal working conditions does not appear.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for: a throttler expands the cooled supercritical pressure gas without work performance to the prescribed subcritial pressure of the liquefied gas. A low temperature heat transfer unit comprises the heat absorber of refrigerator and main heat transfer, connected by a line to the device for thermodynamic conditioning of gas and by another line to the throttling device. Heat absorber is in thermal contact with main heat transfer ensuring transfer of heat from the gas to heat absorber. An outlet line supplies the liquified gas to the consumer and the liquified gas is transferred from throttler to outlet line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows thermodynamic processes forming a straightforward method for liquefying gases.
NOVELTY - The system comprises a top stage including a fuel cell that has oxygen as one of its reactants and which produces heat as one of its reaction byproduct outputs, and a bottom stage, including a non-cryogenic oxygen-enriching means, coupled to the top stage. The bottom stage receives and consumes the heat byproduct output of the fuel cell to produce an oxygen-enriched gas mixture output that is fed to the fuel cell of the top stage as a reactive input.    USE - An improved combined cycle system having a partial oxidation reactor or heat engine as a top stage and an oxygen-enriching device as a bottom stage.    ADVANTAGE - The combined cycle raises the efficiency and reduces the size of the combined cycle system, since the top stage is running on a more concentrated supply of oxygen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic of the cycle system.
NOVELTY - A fuel modifier (1) converts raw material gas into fuel gas by supplying air through gas passage (30) and connected to air introduction path (31) arranged on upstream side of deoxidation device (42). The deoxidation device is arranged integrally with passage or introduction path.    USE -   For fuel battery based power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   As negative pressure generated in gas passage is prevented by air, additional pressure reducing device is not needed. Since water is formed during chemical reaction, need for additional water is avoided. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery based power generation system. (1) Fuel modifier; (30) Gas passage; (31) Air introduction path; (42) Deoxidation device.
NOVELTY - An electrode (W), counter electrode (C) and a reference pole (R) are formed on one surface of a gaseous diffusion film. A sheet containing electrolyte is configured on the gaseous film, contacting electrodes.    USE -   For detecting specific components such as NO2, SH, HCHO, SO2, C3H8, C8H16, H2 from exhaust gas ejected from internal combustion engine or external combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE -   Restrains fluctuation of sensitivity, by restraining fluctuation of contact area of electrode and electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows electrode configuration in electrolyzing type gas sensor. (C) Counter electrode; (R) Reference pole; (W) Electrode.
NOVELTY - A process tube (21) which rotates around an axial centre has a spiral vane for conveyance and built into a heat chamber (11) which has a main burner (12). A combustion chamber (31) has a supplement burner (33) and connected to the process tube. The process tube performs carbonisation on processed objects injected by a continuous injection unit (25).    USE -   For wastes such as timber and organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE -   Carbonisation is continuously and efficiently performed by connecting the addition combustion chamber with the process tube. The processed object is smoothly conveyed through the spiral vane. Environment is maintained by ensuring smokeless state ejection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire composition of the carbonisation processing apparatus. (11) Heat chamber; (12) Main burner; (21) Process tube; (25) Injection unit; (31) Combustion chamber; (33) Supplement burner.
NOVELTY - The catalyst in catalyst reaction pipe is heated by heating furnace configured at the perimeter of upstream side when the degree of catalyst temperature near the heating furnace exceeds the upper limit of a specific reaction temperature range, the heating is stopped and when the temperature is nearly less than a minimum value, the heat furnace starts working. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A coolant is supplied to the cooler of catalytic reaction pipe configured to the perimeter of downstream side. The degree of catalyst temperature near the cooler is maintained in another specific reaction temperature range. The supply is stopped or adjusted according to the catalyst temperature. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the methane manufacturing apparatus which has a temperature detector configured to the furnace and a controller which controls the heating furnace by the signal of the temperature detector. Another temperature detector is configured near the reaction tube by the side of the coolant feed pipe and a controller controls the cooling capacity of the coolant by the signal of the temperature detector.    USE -    For manufacturing methane from CO2.    ADVANTAGE -   Since heating furnace is provided, the catalyst is heated quickly. The amount of catalyst used is sharply reduced. Size reduction of methane manufacturing apparatus, reaction tube, electric furnace are enabled. The energy required for operation is reduced largely. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the methane manufacturing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Sludge is mixed with bacteria and fermented in a tank. An air feed pipe (34) blows air into the container and a vapor discharge pipe (33) is provided for ejecting the vapor produced during fermentation. A heat retention pipe (32) adjusts the temperature in the tank.    USE -   For the treatment of faeces and urine for forming fertilizer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Continuous and efficient processing can be done quickly. Escape of noxious odor and environmental pollution are prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sludge disposal tank. (32) Heat retention pipe; ; (33) Vapor discharge pipe; ; (34) Air feed pipe; ; (36) Sensor.
NOVELTY - The sludge is mixed and ground with bacteria in several fermentation tanks (6) and fermented for predetermined time by mixing bacteria. A microorganic treatment mechanism which is detachedly mounted to conveyor assembly treats the untreated sludge to finished sludge, such that they form an integral unit for conveyance.    USE -   For sludge disposal system.    ADVANTAGE -   The construction or alterations to the tank is made simple. Generation of bad odor from the sludge container is eliminated by maintaining airtight sealing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of conveyor assembly. (6) Fermentation tank.
NOVELTY - Organic waste water is processed in the aerobic tank (1) and the obtained excess sludge (15) is fed to the dissolution unit (3). Portion of the soluble sludge is then fed to the acid fermenter (22) and processed sludge is again returned to the tank.    USE -   For organic waste purification apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   By using acid oxidizing agent, alkali chemicals and acid fermenter, all the excess sludge present in the waste water is reduced. Recycling of the oxidizing agent and chemicals enables reduction in the BOD, by which aeration of the waste water is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of organic waste water purification apparatus. (1) Aerobic treatment tank; (3) Dissolution tank; (15) Sludge; (22) Acid fermenter.
NOVELTY - The organic refuse is dried to 10-40 weight percent before supplying to a fermenter, to suppress the fermentation decomposition. The fermentation of organic refuse is then carried out continuously by using dried refuse as culture floor of ferment microbe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing apparatus which consists of a heater (H) equipped inside a fermenter. During fermentation, the temperature in high temperature part (Hh) of heater is raised to dry the organic refuse supplied into the fermenter.    USE -   For processing organic refuse by fermentation.    ADVANTAGE -   Continuous and efficient bio-organic refuse process is enabled by eliminating the injection of new culture floor. Dried refuse for culture floor is generated sufficiently. The organic refuse contacts the high temperature part for long time therefore, formation of dried powder is streamlined. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the bio-organic refuse processing apparatus. (H) Heater; ; (Hh) High temperature part; ; (12A) Stay recess.
NOVELTY - The stirrer stirs the organic refuse in treatment tank which contains peat moss as culture base material. The gas is ejected out and fresh air is taken in through the ventilating fan (24) from outside. The heater (27) maintains the temperature of the treatment tank, which is suitable for fermentation and decomposition of organic refuse.    USE -   For processing organic wastes from home, restaurant etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Peat moss with high acidity is used as culture base material and heater maintains the temperature, hence promoters such as enzyme microbe need not be added. Organic refuse is decomposed without giving out bad smell. The generated gas is deodorized by odor absorbent. The apparatus is small, cheap and advantageous. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of organic refuse processing apparatus. (24) Ventilating fan; (27) Heater.
NOVELTY - A propagation unit (100) that supplies fresh organic refuse is maintained at a temperature of 75 C or more. A decomposing unit (200) is provided to biologically decompose the organic refuse at the maintained temperature.    USE -   For restaurants and the food processing industry.    ADVANTAGE -   The installation cost and operation cost of the processing system is reduced. The processing system is clean and sanitary and so is simple to handle. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the layout of the organic refuse processing system. (100) Propagation unit; (200) Decomposing unit.
NOVELTY - A raw refuse processor (1) stirs a processing material (5) with the raw refuse (A) to perform fermentation. The stirring decomposition tank (3) which stores the processed material has an outlet (3b) on its upper side to discharge the decomposition waste (B) obtained by the fermentation process.    USE -   For disposing garbage by performing fermentation.    ADVANTAGE -   As the fermentation process is carried out by a raw refuse processor, the bad odours from the garbage resulting from the rotting of raw refuse is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of raw refuse processor. (1) Raw refuse processor; (3) Stir decomposition tank; (3b) Outlet; (5) Processing material; (A) Raw refuse.
NOVELTY - A manifold (41) is attached to one end face of a cell. The manifold is attached with a gas propagation pipe (42) made of ceramic in which several gas passageways are provided which are connected with a gas flow through hole through gas allocation space (41c).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for stack structure of solid state electrolytic fuel battery.    USE -   In solid state electrolytic fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents reduction in air resistance of manifold and cell, while running battery for long time, hence preventing reduction in electricity generation efficiency and electromotive force.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front elevation of manifold, top view of gas propagation pipe and cross sectional chart of manifold. (41) Manifold; (41c) Allocation space; (42) Gas propagation pipe.
NOVELTY - A fuel tank stores liquid fuel which is conveyed by the liquid pump to the modifier heated by the combustion unit. A modifier (2) converts liquid fuel to H2rich fuel. A gaseous fuel tank (8) which gaseous fuel to the combustion chamber (6) that heats up the modifier.    USE -   For generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids usage of supplement equipments like electric heater and hence weight is reduced. Utilization factor of liquid fuel is increased. Prevents generation of unmodified reaction gas due to low temperature of modifier and poisoning of fuel battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composition of portable fuel battery. (2) Modifier; (6) Combustion chamber; (8) Gaseous fuel tank.
NOVELTY - The fuel exhaust gas is mixed with air and supplied to an air pole (11).    USE -   For generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE -   Hydrogen is dispersed uniformly around the air pole, thereby increasing the combustion efficiency. The density of hydrogen in exhaust gas is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the components of the fuel battery. (11) Air pole.
NOVELTY - Oxidation gas feed pipe (18) supplies gas to gas passageway (5) and cells (1A-1C). Partition (20) separates gas chamber (24) into two, so as to pass two different gases for electricity generation. Oxidation gas feed pipe is joined movably and sealed airtightly with the partition of gas chamber, so as to connect inner side space (18a) of pipe, gas chamber, cell and gas passageway.    USE -   In solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents airtight reduction between cell and gas propagation pipe, thereby preventing reduction in electricity generation efficiency and electromotive force. Maintains air resistance by separating oxidation gas and heating gas introduction. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts sectional drawing explaining airtight sealing structure. (1A-1C) Cells; (5) Gas passageway; (18) Gas feed pipe; (18a) Inner side space; (20) Partition; (24) Gas chamber.
NOVELTY - The ground organic refuse is dehydrated to separated the solid content and waste water. The solid waste is decomposed by fermentation to form compost and the waste water is methanised. Methane gas is generated from the waste water is used to generate electricity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus used for processing organic refuse. The apparatus consists of a disposer (1), for grinding the refuse, dehydrater (2), a fermentor (3) for solid waste fermentation, a methane fermentation unit (5) where the methanisation of waste water is carried out. A gas engine (7) installed in the apparatus is actuated by utilizing the methane gas produced in the apparatus as a fuel and a generator (8) generates electricity by driving the gas engine.    USE -   For kitchens of restaurants and houses.    ADVANTAGE -   Effective recycling and processing of organic waste is enabled. Since electric power is generated the running cost of the machine is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of organic refuse processing apparatus. (1) Disposer; ; (2) Dehydrator; ; (3) Fermentor; ; (4) Methane fermenting unit; ; (7) Gas engine; ; (8) Generator.
NOVELTY - A waste water treatment plant consists of a heat-insulated basin with a water inlet and outlet on opposite sides. The basin contains one or more height-adjustable semi-submerged horizontal power rotated cylinders (5) or prisms rotating on a shaft (4).    USE - Aerobic biological waste water treatment assembly.    ADVANTAGE - The machine combines high efficiency with long service life.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The end of each cylinder has an endplate (6) and a fixed link shaft (7) to the adjacent cylinder (5). Each cylinder contains a substance (5) with a multitude of parallel passages passing from one face of the cylinder to the other. The surfaces of the cylinder and passages bears a colony of microorganisms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side cross-sectional view of the water treatment basin.
NOVELTY - In a process and assembly to dry organic wastes in two sequential stages, the wastes are first aerated and partially de-watered. The process heat resulting from the aerobic rotting process is surrendered to material in the second stage which is thereby finally dried.    USE - Process and assembly to dry organic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The process minimizes certain unwanted atmospheric emissions, minimizes the quantity of air which must be transported through the process, and the associated energy requirement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - At least a part and preferably all of the air (5) introduced to aerate the first stage is drawn from second stage effluent air (4). Part of the second-stage air is dehumidified and then surrendered as dry air (3) to the drying stage, and represents up to 70 per cent of the second-stage air fed to the drying stage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic layout of the process.    Dry air (3)    Second stage effluent air (4)    Air introduced to aerate first stage (5)
NOVELTY - The container is an adaptation of a conventional unit. It is designed to accelerate decomposition taking place in the waste and to increase water extraction, so drying it.    USE - A combination transport container and composting unit for waste.    ADVANTAGE - Tests show that temperatures over 70 degrees C are reached in the interior of the container, driving off water vapor. Losses amount to 3%-11% depending on the type of waste. The waste spends about 10-14 days in the container. Because the design is based on a standard container, transport can be by road or by rail. Transport economics are further discussed in the text of the patent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A cross section of the container is presented. End elevations and plan in the disclosure, complete the design.    Ridged base (1)    Drain channel at lower edge of cover (2)    Uninsulated cover (3)
NOVELTY - System for regional waste disposal, with recovery of valuable complex materials and energy, involves coupling of waste water disposal, thermal electricity and heat production, photovoltaic synthesis of hydrogen, and chemical synthesis, such that end products and byproducts from one stage are used for synthesis in at least one other stage.    USE - The system is used to generate heat, electricity and a variety of organic chemicals (methanol, (poly)carbonates, glycol, polyurethanes) from methane or biogas.    ADVANTAGE - The gas turbine/steam generator power plant in the system uses a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen, not air, so polluting nitrogen oxides can not be formed. Since carbon dioxide is used for chemical synthesis, the expensive and complex equipment required for its removal is not needed, and any sulfur compounds in the combustion gas can be removed as sulfur dioxide or elemental sulfur. Carbon dioxide-based polymers produced by the system are potential replacements for olefin-derived polymers.
NOVELTY - Process includes: charging wastes into reactor (4), possibly in a mixture with pieces of solid incombustible non-melting material; supplying a gasifying agent containing oxygen to the part of reactor where solid processing products accumulate; discharging solid processing products from reactor, and withdrawing the products of drying, pyrolysis and combustion products as the product gas, gasification being achieved by successive stay of wastes in zones of heating.    USE - The method produces hydrocarbon products of pyrolysis and fuel gas used for energy generation.    ADVANTAGE - The method can be used for environmentally friendly and energy efficient processing and disposal of poorly combustible wastes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for: control of temperature in combustion zone is within 800 to 1300 degrees centigrade through variation of at least one of the following parameters: mass fraction of oxygen in gasifying agent, mass fraction of incombustibles; and mass fraction of combustibles in mixture charged into reactor. The smoke gas is used as gasifying agent, mass fraction of oxygen in gasifying agent, mass fraction of incombustibles in SMW, and mass fraction of combustibles in SMW being chosen to meet the condition 0.022 greater than or equal to ab/c and less than or equal to 0.1.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a possible materialization of the process.    Crasher (1)    Mixer (2)    Lock (3, 9)    Shaft kiln reactor (4)    Heating zone (5)    Pyrolysis zone (6)    Combustion zone (7)    Cooling zone (8)    Sieve (10)    Fan (11)    Gas cleansing unit (13)    Steam boiler (14)    Drier (15)
NOVELTY - A mousse-forming cleansing shampoo composition having good conditioning performance comprises emulsified particles of a conditioning agent utilized in a propellant-driven system.    USE - The composition is used for hair treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Rinse-off surfactant-based shampoo compositions can be formulated that deliver excellent conditioning performance from a mousse product form.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A mousse-forming cleansing shampoo composition having good conditioning performance comprises:    (A) a foamable concentrate comprising:    (i) at least one surfactant;    (ii) emulsified particles of a conditioning agent having a particle size of at most 1 micron;    (iii) a deposition polymer for the emulsified particles; and    (iv) an aqueous carrier; and    (B) an aerosol propellant.
NOVELTY - The high temperature carbonised particulate material (5) of vegetable origin has an electrical resistivity of 101 -10-2 omega.cm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following :(i) the processing medium containing a mixture of high temperature and low temperature carbonised particulate materials. The low temperature carbonised particulate material has an electrical resistivity of 108 -103omega.cm. (ii) processing of organic refuse involving composting organic refuse with a mixture of low and high temperature carbonised materials and aerobic bacteria.(iii) an organic refuse processing apparatus consisting of a container (1) having an outlet in lower part, an inlet and an agitator in the upper part. Agitator mixes the aerobic bacteria (deposited in the container), process medium (3) and organic refuse (4) (introduced through the inlet opening). The container has a dead space (7) where stirring does not take place. The process medium is deposited on the dead space containing high temperature carbonised material. The aerobic bacteria is activated and promoted by high temperature carbonised material and organic refuse composting is performed.    USE -   For garbage disposal by organic refuse composting (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The odor generating component, produced during garbage disposal is removed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus. (1) Container; (3) Process medium; (4) Organic refuse; (5) Carbonised particulate material; (7) Dead space.
NOVELTY - Process layers (34a-34d) are provided in a secondary treatment unit (30) to process the organic object by using the micro-organism. A gas feed zone (50) is provided to supply the activated gas to the process layers for maintaining the micro-organism in active state.    USE -   For sewage works.    ADVANTAGE -   The activity of the micro-organism is satisfactorily maintained by supplying the activated gas. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the block diagram of the organic waste water processing apparatus. (30) Secondary treatment unit; (34a-34d) Process layers; (50) Gas feed Zone.
NOVELTY - Leachate containing oil component and native microorganisms from the soil pile (1) is pooled to the water storage tanks (4,6) which are located at two stages. The nutrient composition is added and stirred in the water storage tanks for proliferating microorganism, to decompose oil component present in the soil pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for recovery apparatus.    USE -   For recovery of soil polluted with oil such as crude oil, heavy oil, kerosene, gasoline and other oil group hydrocarbons by decomposing oil contaminant using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE -   Recovery period of soil is shortened by enhancing the contact efficiency of microorganism with oil contaminant. The decomposition of difficult oil contaminant present in the soil pile is achieved easily by adjusting the nutrient composition that are fed to the water storage tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of recovery apparatus performing recovery process. (1) Soil pile; (4,6) Water storage tanks.
NOVELTY - A treatment tank of U-shaped cross section is divided into fermentation and storage chambers by a baffle plate with a perforated panel. A shaft penetrating the plate, is mounted with a stir vane and a stir blade in the chamber. A porous product extraction opening with a bottom tray is set under the chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The treatment tank of U shaped cross section comprises the front end and rear end of the upper wall are shut by the front wall and the rear wall. An insertion opening of organic refuse is provided along with a lid in the front end portion of the upper wall. The fermentation chamber is provided in the front portion of the tank and is longer than the storage chamber provided in the rear of the tank. The two chambers are communicated by the perforated panel portion of the baffle plate. The ratio of total capacity of fermentation and storage chamber, and the capacity of the product extraction tray is set to 20:1.    USE -   For continuous fermentation of the organic refuse generated continuously from food works, a supply of food pin center,dining room etc.    ADVANTAGE -   As the organic refuse of fixed quantity is supplied and extracted from the tank, the amount of residual is balanced and a continuous fermentation is offered therefore producing good quality compost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical front view and a sectional view of fermentation processing apparatus. Parts list: (11) Treatment tank; (13) Insertion opening of organic refuse; (17) Baffle plate; (18) Perforated panel; (19) Fermentation chamber; (20) Storage chamber; (21) Shaft; (22) Stir vane; (23) Stir blade; (24) Product extraction opening; (25) Bottom tray.
NOVELTY - The methanation catalyst contains activated alumina carrier which is obtained by baking aluminum oxide or its precursor and oxyacids at 400-500 C. The alumina carrier adsorbs 0.5-4 weight% (wt. %) of ruthenium compound. An insoluble fixation of ruthenium compound on the carrier is performed in alkaline solution followed by reduction at 80-500 C.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of methanation catalyst.    USE -   For conversion of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide to methane.    ADVANTAGE -   The catalyst has sufficient mechanical strength. It is neither poisoned by sulfur nor contaminated by carbon precipitate. The catalyst is obtained in high yield and is stable for long period.
NOVELTY - A horizontal groove (12) is provided extending in the direction orthogonal to vertical groove. A continuous space provided with rib surface (14) is positioned in the lowest style of separator and enables continuation of vertical groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A vertical groove (11) of predetermined dimensions is formed in the reaction gas passage slot formed on separator surface. The groove is formed such that it extends from oxidation gas introduction side to emission side.    USE -   For prevention of occlusion in gas passage slot in solid polymer electrolyte based fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since continuous space provided with rib surface is positioned in the lowest style of separation, drainage is improved. Thus battery output is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of battery separator. (11) Vertical groove; (12) Horizontal groove; (14) Rib surface.
An apparatus for continuous fluidized biological treatment comprises a tank; a first internal partition separating into a central and peripheral volume; a wastewater inlet for introducing the wastewater into the tank; an aeration inlet; a second internal partition having a large downward facing opening for receiving wastewater and a small upward-opening for transmitting upwards; fluidization means; and means for clarification located above the second internal partition and in hydraulic communication with a second internal partition for clarifying the wastewater.    USE -   The apparatus is used for treatment of wastewater.
NOVELTY - Fertilizer production comprises adding rock dust and/or clay minerals and magnesium carbonate and/or magnesium bicarbonate to undigested organic waste and composting the mixture.    USE - For soil improvement, nutrient supply and stabilizing soil fertility.    ADVANTAGE - The process suppresses leaching of environmentally unacceptable substances, e.g. nitrogen compounds and heavy metals, binds nauseating and malodorous components, and eliminates substances that attract insects.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fertilizer production comprises adding rock dust and/or clay minerals and magnesium carbonate and/or magnesium bicarbonate with a particle size below 90 mum to undigested organic waste with a particle size of 0-10 mm, especially farmyard slurry or human feces and urine, to give a mixture with a solids content of 30-60 wt.%, and composting the mixture in aerated heaps by a method comprising a first aerobic phase, a fungus growing phase and an aerobic bacterial stabilization phase.
A plant for upgrading biogas and land-fill gas to methane and hydrogen using hollow fibre membranes and gas storage tanks includes components placed in series for (a) upgrading the gases using new kinds of hollow fibre membranes capable of separating methane and carbon dioxide to give a product with a content of at least 94 percent methane in a single stage, and 99 percent in two stages, (b) hydraulic compressors of a new design connected to the upgrading stage and having variable suction and discharge pressures, together with high pressure cylinders for gas storage, (c) the application of a dispenser for the purified gas (99 percent methane), and (d) the downstream connection of a methane reformer employing a ceramic radiant burner, water injection, catalytic reforming of the gas to hydrogen-rich gas, shift stages with downstream hollow fibre membranes to upgrade the gas to high-purity hydrogen (second upgrading), and high pressure storage of the hydrogen.    USE -   For the production of gases intended for application as vehicle fuel or in fuel cells.
NOVELTY - A fertilizer produced by processing anaerobically digested farmyard slurry with biogas production is new.    USE - As a fertilizer, especially for agricultural crops.    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer is more environmentally acceptable than unprocessed digested slurry and can be used at lower application rates (60% or less).
NOVELTY - A line (8) with a dosing valve and a distributor (9) supplies waste to the frame (1) and its spring- (3) suspended, recirculated, irregular-triangular sieve structure (2) in constant vibration. A scraper conveying system (7) has recirculating, perpendicular, rigid rubber strips.    USE - To separate solids from predominantly liquid waste, originating from e.g. communal, agricultural and industrial sources.    ADVANTAGE - The unit maximizes solids retention, in a situation of high liquid content.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The outlet side (5) has sprung pressure flaps (11) and a solids transfer hopper (17). The lower pump sump (12) has a drain (13). The cleaning pump (15) supplies nozzles (16). Sieve drive and vibrator are controlled by an electrical circuit (18).    Preferred Features: The suspension of the triangle can be altered angularly through 30-60 degrees, for adjustment of the sieve sides (4, 5). The scraper (7) is mounted on recirculating double chains carried on rotating axes. Total throughput is 5-8 m3/hour of solid-liquid mixture. A screw-pressing separator follows this unit. The final moisture is less than 60%, especially less than 40%-50%, the product especially taking the form of large pellets.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic side view of the apparatus.    Frame (1)    Irregular-triangular sieve structure (2)    Spring suspension (3)    Sieve sides (4, 5)    Scraper conveying system (7)    Line with dosing valve and distributor (8)    Distributor (9)    Sprung pressure flaps (11)    Lower pump sump (12)    Drain (13)    Cleaning pump (15)    Nozzles (16)    Solids transfer hopper (17)    Control cabinet (18)
NOVELTY - A biological process to treat waste water bearing a heavy organic pollution load is new in which the water is introduced into a basin in which it is mixed and acidified (A).    USE - The new process is used to treat water containing a heavy organic load of impurities.    ADVANTAGE - The process provides a higher degree of cleaning for the waste water, combined with an enhanced methane yield at lower cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a biological process to treat waste water bearing a heavy organic pollution load, the water is introduced into a basin in which it is mixed and acidified (A). The waste water is then introduced to a high-load stage (B) with return of the activated sludge, and then subjected to a low-load stage (C), in which the impurities are broken down anaerobically, releasing methane. The water is then further treated in a final stage (D) from which sludge may be returned. The gas generated in both the high (B) and low (C) -load stages is captured. The pH value of the water is adjusted using an iron compound in the acidification stage (A).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a suitable assembly for carrying out the new process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through a suitable assembly.
NOVELTY - The crushed liquid-borne residues pass through a rising gully in which they are driven by a rising flow of water overlain by a pulsating flow of water. The pulsating flow of water incorporates a multitude of individual water flows of low penetration depth, and which are introduced into the gully from below.    USE - Process to render liquid borne organic wastes is suitable for treatment by fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - The process minimizes the residence period of inorganic impurities in the treatment system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a process to treat residual materials and organic residues, the residual materials are shredded, crushed and sieved, to remove substances which would hinder the subsequent treatment of organic residues by fermentation. Two or more such rising gullies are linked in series. The heavy particles are separated in one gully, and the lighter residues are separated in the second gully. The crushed substances are then de-watered, and the water is returned to the gully separation circuit. The liquid-borne organic residues are surrendered for treatment by fermentation. Following fermentation and separation of the products, water surrendered from the fermentation process is returned to the closed circuit gully system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the treatment system.    Silo (1)    Crusher (2)    Drum sieve (3)    Gully (4)    Conveyer belt (5)