TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRONICS - Preferred Components: The reflective coating comprises a metal interconnecting the n side of a doped semiconductor of the first photovoltaic cell with the p side of a doped semiconductor of the second photovoltaic cell. It further includes an insulator material between an outer metal reflective layer and the surface of the substrate. The cells comprise mesa structures on the surface of the cells.Preferred Property: The photovoltaic cells comprises 16-1,000 cells. The array is capable of generating 90-20,000 volts and is capable of generating electrical current of 1 nA - 20 mA.Preferred Material: The semi-insulating substrate and the doped semiconductor material having a direct band gap at least 1, comprise a single crystal material.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - IMAGING AND COMMUNICATION - Preferred Function: The optical homogenizer provides uniform illumination to the array (12).Preferred Components: The optical homogenizer (4) comprises a fiber optic diffuser, a multi-level diffractive optical element, an optic fiber diffuser or an internally reflective element. The transmitter is a fiber optic cable (6).    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Property: The laser source (2) is capable of generating 1-5 volts and produces power of 1 mW-100 W. The laser energy has a wavelength of 700-900 nm.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Component: The reflective coating comprises gold, copper, aluminum, titanium, platinum, iron, indium, tungsten, chromium, vanadium, nickel, or lead. The semi-insulating substrate comprises a single crystal Group III-V composite, such as gallium arsenic (GaAs) or gallium aluminum arsenic (GaAlAs). The insulator material comprises silicon (dioxide, nitride), aluminum (oxide, nitride), boron nitride, titanium (dioxide, nitride). The reflective coating comprises optically opaque materials and an insulator.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Material: The insulator material comprises polyimide, poly(methyl methacrylate), polyethylene, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyacrylate, polyvinylalcohol acetate, or Teflon (RTM; polytetrafluoroethylene).