NOVELTY - Fuel cell power system comprises an assembly of fuel cell stacks (220) that operates at different temperatures which vary between two or more of the fuel cell stacks to minimize the supply of air. Each fuel cell stacks has a lip structure for receiving reactants to electrochemically produce electricity.    USE - For producing electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides a highly efficient system that is relatively low in cost and that significantly increases the overall system power efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of producing electricity with a fuel cell power system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic illustration of the fuel cell power system with temperatures regions.    Electrolyte plates (20)    Interconnect plates (30)    Fuel cell stacks (220)    Fuel manifold (222)    Air manifold (224)    Fluid blocking element (234)
NOVELTY - A device is made by positioning a shadow mask (100) over a substrate, performing a first process on the substrate through the mask, moving the mask to a second position over the substrate, and performing a second process on the substrate through the mask. The second position is measured relative to the first position.    USE - The method is used to fabricate a stack organic light emitting device or a stacked solar cell that can be incorporated into a display. The display can be incorporated into other product from a vehicle, a television, a computer, a printer (preferably), a screen, a sign, a telecommunications product or a telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The method achieves uniform deposition over a wide area to fabricate a large array of devices simultaneously. Measuring the second position relative to the first relation avoids the effort and cost of performing a second alignment relative to features on the substrate. There is also a better accuracy when measuring the second position relative to the first position.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the shadow mask.    Shadow mask (100)    Triangular aperture (110)
NOVELTY - A gaseous phase reformer comprises a containment housing with gas inlet and outlet nozzles, holding a catalyst presented on a carrier surface, and a heater. The working surface area of the catalyst is adjusted as a function of the volumetric flow rate or pressure, for example by means of a piston device.    USE - Continuous flow gas and vapor phase reactors for reforming methanol or natural gas, etc into hydrogen , especially for use as an energy source for a fuel cell in applications having variable demand , such as vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - A reformer having high turn-down capability whilst retaining high conversion efficiency, e.g. units which can operate satisfactorily down to 60% of design capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reforming reactor (1) has a number of sub-chambers (1a-e),preferably concentrically arranged around a vertical, axial gas main (3). Feed gas is supplied upwards through the bottom connection and passes through a free-sliding distributor (4), which has a perforated head (4b) mounted on a closed pipe section (4a); the head also has a nozzle (2) which generates back pressure, proportional to the gas flow, and acts against a loading spring (5). As the gas flow increases the perforated head is moved downwards, uncovering the inlets to more of the sub-chambers; conversely on decreasing feed flow, the spring (5) urges the head upwards to occlude the inlets to the surplus chambers. Gaseous product is collected in a common header at the top of the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a reformer vessel in section.    concentric catalyst chambers (1a-e)    sliding, perforated feed distributor (4b)    loading spring (5).
NOVELTY - A thin film metallic layer made of Al, Sn or In and a silicon layer are formed on a substrate (1). The silicon layer is doped with boron such that the layer contains 1e18-1e22 atoms/cm3 of boron. After performing boron doping, the silicon layer and thin film metallic layer are heated so that reaction takes place between metallic layer and silicon layer.    USE - For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Silicon layer is heated with predetermined amount of boron, hence polycrystalline film equivalent to BSF layer is obtained. Large conversion efficiency is obtained by reducing reflecting rate on surface of element. Since polycrystalline Si film is obtained at low temperature in short time, inexpensive solar battery is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of photoelectric conversion apparatus provided with polycrystalline Si layer.    Substrate (1)
NOVELTY - A heater, circulation unit and cooling unit are provided in the battery for heating, circulating and cooling the heat transport medium respectively. Temperature of the fuel battery which generates electricity using heating gas and oxidation gas is adjusted by the circulating unit.    USE - For solid polymeric fuel battery for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Heat generated is controlled and put to effective use. As battery is run above a constant temperature, poisoning is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of solid polymeric type fuel battery.
NOVELTY - In fuel battery main laminate part (12), gas passages are laminated in order so that fuel and oxidizing agent gas are supplied to two different poles of cell. A supplement laminate part (13) has electric current path. Fuel and oxidizing agent gas are passed via supplement laminate part before supplying to gas passage in main laminate part. The load (13a) of supplement laminate part is controlled.    USE - For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Deterioration of battery characteristic by poisoning of a catalyst is prevented, thus improving the efficiency of electricity generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each cell has electrodes having gaseous diffusion property distributed to both sides of an ion conductive electrolyte film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the typically the composition of fuel battery laminate.    Fuel battery main laminate part (12)    Supplement laminate part (13)    Load (13a)
NOVELTY - A mist of halogen compound solution is sprayed on surface of cadmium telluride film which is formed on substrate. The solution is coated on cadmium telluride film and substrate is heated at temperature of 350-500 degreesC in inert gas atmosphere. The substrate is cleaned after heating.    USE - For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE - As quick process can be performed, inexpensive and highly efficient solar battery is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cadmium-telluride film processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows longitudinal cross section of cadmium-telluride film processing apparatus in which processing method is applied.
NOVELTY - In the production of hydrogen (H2) by reacting an aqueous alkaline solution with silicon (Si) and/or Si alloy(s), when H2 is evolved and Si dissolved as Si ions, (a) the Si (alloy) is dissolved at elevated temperature and (b) the dissolved Si ions are precipitated as crystalline, anhydrous silicon dioxide (SiO2) at a temperature not less than 150 degreesC and below the dissolution temperature of the Si (alloy).    USE - The apparatus is used for H2 synthesis for fuel cells or for vehicles with H2 drives, e.g. fuel cells, H2 engines or the like (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - In existing methods of using this reaction, precipitation of the dissolved Si ions is very slow and a large amount of solution must be used, which prevents compact construction. Also, as silica is precipitated in the form of polymeric hydrate, the process consumes relatively large amounts of water. The present process consumes only Si and the amount of water needed for complete oxidation of Si and can be carried out in a compact column.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus used. The apparatus has a H2 reactor with a sealable charging port, gas valve and a permeable plate to hold a charge of Si (alloy). There is also a column below the plate for crystallization of SiO2 and a device for feeding (I) to the plate.
NOVELTY - Thin film production involves removing a buried sacrificial layer (11) to leave a starting body layer (15) on an applied substrate (14).    USE - For production of an electronic component or a thin film solar cell (claimed), especially a 100 nm to 10 microns thick single crystal silicon layer on a high temperature resistant support substrate for a thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The process allows low cost production of high quality thin films on any support substrates, including metal, ceramic, glass and flexible substrates and wafers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thin film is produced on a support substrate (14) of a starting body by producing, within the starting body, a buried sacrificial layer (11) which separates a layer (15) from the remainder (10) of the starting body, applying the support substrate (14) on the layer (15), and then removing the sacrificial layer (11) so that the substrate-supported layer (15) forms the thin film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a structure at an intermediate stage of the process of the invention.    Remainder of a starting wafer (10)    Buried sacrificial layer (11)    Support substrate (14)    Thin film-forming layer (15)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell module, having reformer units (14) protected against corrosion by an alloy of an iron group metal, chromium, aluminum and yttrium.    USE - As a fuel cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The MCrAlY alloy provides reliable corrosion protection of the reformers even in an oxidizing atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell arrangement comprises reformer units (14) which are located between and in thermal contact with the fuel cells (1) of a fuel cell stack (2) and which are provided with a corrosion protection (17c) of a MCrAlY alloy (M = Fe, Ni and/or Co).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-sectional view of part of a fuel cell module.    fuel cells (1)    fuel cell stack (2)    reformer unit (14)    corrosion protection (17c)
NOVELTY - A solar collector has solar cell connection leads (2) with a deformable elongated deviation region (31).    USE - As a modular solar collector.    ADVANTAGE - The design reduces or eliminates mechanical stress-related contact problems, especially junction resistance increase and/or lead breakage, between the individual solar cells of a module, while retaining a low space requirement for the leads.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar collector has planar solar cells (12) connected by leads (2) having a deviation region (31) in a plane parallel to the cell plane. The deviation region is extremely shallow in the transverse direction or at least not significantly thicker than the cells, is highly deformable in its plane and forms an extra length, along the geometrical connection path between the cell connections, which is not consumed by thermal length changes over the entire possible temperature range of solar collector use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of a module for a solar collector.    connection leads (2)    solar cells (12)    cell connection points (21)    deviated regions (31)
NOVELTY - A system for storing electrical energy in the form of chemical bonds has an electrolysis unit connected to water supply and electric source (i.e. solar panels) to generate hydrogen upon electrolysis; and a reactor for receiving hydrogen and provides reaction with carbon dioxide to form a storage compound. The reactor is connected to a storage tank for storing the storage compound.    USE - The system is used for storing electrical energy. This stored electrical is used to fuel an internal combustion engine or to generate electricity either directly or indirectly.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides storing electrical energy which is flexible, environmentally friendly and easily adaptable to widely differing rates of electricity generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for storing electrical energy involving:    (a) electrolyzing water to yield hydrogen;    (b) reacting hydrogen with carbon dioxide to form at least one storage compound or a storage compound/water mixture;    (c) storing the product of step (b); and    (d) utilizing the stored compound/water mixture to fuel an internal combustion engine or to generate electricity either directly or indirectly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of the electrical energy storage system.
NOVELTY - A composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane (SPEM) comprises a porous polymer substrate interpenetrated with an ion-conducting material. The SPEM is at least thermally stable at 100 degreesC.    USE - For fuel cell, e.g., direct methanol fuel cell or hydrogen fuel cell, system for membrane-based water electrolysis or chloralkali electrolysis, dialysis, electrodialysis, or electrolysis system, pervaporation or gas separation system, water splitting system for recovering acids and bases from waste water solutions, electrode separator in a battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The SPEM have high ionic conductivity, high resistance to dehydration, high mechanical strength, chemical stability during oxidation and hydrolysis, low gas permeability to limit parasitic losses, and stability at elevated temperatures and pressures. It has an electronic conductivity that approaches zero, dimensional stability, and a membrane that is non-brittle in both dry and wet forms. The electrolyte membrane is resistant to methanol cross-over when used in a direct methanol fuel cell. The overall cost of producing SPEMs is lowered which makes commercialization of SPEFCs possible.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (A) a method of producing a composite SPEM;    (B) a device comprising a composite SPEM; and    (C) a method of decreasing methanol crossover rate in a fuel cell using a SPEM.    The method (A) comprises:    (a) preparing a mixture of a polymer substrate and an ion-conducting material in a common solvent, and casting or extruding a composite membrane directly from the mixture;    (b) performing a sulfonation reaction within the pores of a polymer substrate;    (c) solubilizing the ion-conducting polymer and imbibing the porous polymer substrate with the ion-conducting polymer; or    (d) preparing the polymer substrate and impregnating the substrate with monomers which are then polymerized in-situ for the SPEM.
NOVELTY - A non-perfluoro fluororesin molded article has a low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer on at least a part of its surface.    USE - The molded articles are particularly useful for cover films or cover laminates in solar batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Excellent low-temperature heat-sealability can be achieved when the ratio of the number of fluorine atoms to that of carbon atoms (F/C) in the low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer portion on the molded articles is 0.2-0.9. Such moldings also have high weatherability and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A non-perfluoro fluororesin molded article has a low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer on at least a part of its surface, wherein the low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer portion has a ratio of the number of fluorine atoms to that of carbon atoms (F/C) being 0.2-0.9, a ratio of the number of oxygen atoms to that of carbon atoms (O/C) being 0.09-0.4, and the residual part of the surface layer has FC which is greater than that of the low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer portion and is 0.8-1.8.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph showing the relationship between F/C and O/C of a discharge-treated ETFE film and its heat-sealing strength.
NOVELTY - Microelectronics fabrication comprises processing the microelectronics layer through a grazing angle method employing a grazing angle charged particle beam formed by the extraction of charged particles from a radiation beam source remote from the substrate. The grazing angle method processes the entire second region of the microelectronics layer without processing the first region.    USE - For microelectronics layer fabrication.    ADVANTAGE - The process forms a first region of an overlying microelectronics layer while avoiding forming an additional second region. The microelectronics fabrication is an integrated circuit microelectronics fabrication, the horizontally closely spaced patterned microelectronics structures are high areal density patterns within a conductor layer and the overlying microelectronics layer is a low dielectric constant layer formed within the integrated circuit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Microelectronics fabrication comprises (a) providing a substrate (30); (b) forming horizontally spaced patterned microelectronics structures; (c) forming a microelectronics layer having a first region interposed between the structures; and (d) processing through a grazing angle method which employs a grazing angle charged particle beam (48) formed by the extraction of charged particle from a radiation beam source remote from the substrate. The beam is constrained within the vicinity of the substrate by an extrinsic magnetic field perpendicular to the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus in which a grazing angle charged particle may be formed.    Substrate (30)    Dielectric layer (34)    Conductive layers (42a, 42b, 42c)    Particle beam (48)
NOVELTY - Corrugated plates (3,4) having hydrogen absorbing alloy filling part (2) are piled with parallel flat plates (5,6) in between. Heat exchange medium flow paths (1) are formed between adjoining corrugated plates and flat plates. Hydrogen gas inlet (11) and outlet (12) are connected to filling parts through a filter board and inlet (7) and outlet (8) for heat exchange medium are connected to flow path.    USE -   For heat pump, fuel battery and motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat transfer property of the heat exchanger is excellent. The heat exchanger has reduced weight and size. The endogenic part and heat generation part are integrated by the hydrogen absorbing alloy filling part.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows principal part of heat exchanger. (1) Heat exchanger medium flow path; (2) Alloy filling part; (3,4) Corrugated plates; (5,6) Flat plates; (7,8) Inlet and outlet for heat exchange medium; (11) Hydrogen gas inlet; (12) Hydrogen gas outlet.
NOVELTY - Nickel powder and other two types of powders are mixed inside main portion (1) of battery container, having a casing of rubber or silicon material. The case is hardened along with adhesive agent. A lead wire distributed to anode and cathode provided in inner wall upper surface of main portion and transparent board for light receptions is provided on upper surface of container main portion.    USE - For use as power source for electric vehicle especially train. Also for buildings and exclusive tower. Also for use as power source of space station.    ADVANTAGE - Balance in demand and supply is obtained by using inexpensive solar battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for storage apparatus which stores generated electrical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of solar battery.    Main portion of battery container (1)
NOVELTY - Dry etching is performed on surface of substrate (1) to form rough surface (2) whose inclination angle is smoothened by performing wet etching. Impurity diffusion is performed on substrate surface to form a pn-junction. Surface electrode (7) and backside electrode (6) are formed on the surface and backside of substrate by baking electroconductive paste on irrespective sides.    USE - For forming solar battery that has reduced reflection in the surface of polycrystalline semiconductor substrate.    ADVANTAGE - During electrode formation destruction of pn-junction is prevented as wet etching is performed on surface of substrate. Leak current is reduced, hence raising energy conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram explaining the manufacturing method of polycrystalline silicon solar battery.    Substrate (1)    Rough surface (2)    Backside electrode (6)    Surface electrode (7)
NOVELTY - The electrode catalyst has carbon fine powder at the ratio of 20% or less as support, carrying noble metals. The pores in the catalyst has pore diameter of 60 Angstrom or less.    USE - For use in solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode catalyst has high catalytic activity and electrode excels in gaseous diffusion property. The pore distribution, DBP oil absorption rate and specific surface area of carbon fine powder improves its utilization factor as electrode catalyst.
NOVELTY - The porous electrode material is obtained by joining three-dimensionally a metal powder particle with precipitate plating layer. The blow hole diameter in surface layer is different from that of back-side layer.    USE - For fuel batteries such as molten carbonate type fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - High quality composite porous electrode material is obtained by controlling pore size depending on site. The porous electrode object is manufactured in economic manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for porous electrode material manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of porous electrode material manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide-removing device (2) is an oxidation device for carbon monoxide.    USE - Used for producing hydrogen-containing gas from hydrocarbon containing medium.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus for producing a hydrogen-containing gas from a hydrocarbon-containing medium has a reforming device (1) which provides a reformate (5) and is connected to multistaged carbon monoxide removing device (2). The hydrocarbon containing medium flows through the reforming device (5) in one direction and likewise the reformate (5) flows through the carbon monoxide removing device (2). Stages (1.1,1.2) of the reforming device (1) in ascending series based on gas flow direction (4) are in thermal contact via heat conducting separating medium (7) with stages (2.1,2.2) of the carbon monoxide removing device (2) in descending series based on the gas stream direction (6).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a perspective view of the apparatus.    reformate (5)    reforming device (1)    carbon monoxide removing unit (2)    hydrocarbon containing medium (3)    stages (1.1,1.2,2.1,2.2)    gas stream direction (4,6)    separating medium (7)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen absorbing alloy powder comprises particles of flaky shape having a thickness of at most 10 microns and an aspect ratio of longitudinal diameter relative to thickness of at least 10. The structure comprises columns extending from one surface towards another surface of flat surfaces.    USE - For nickel-hydrogen batteries, heat pumps and hydrogen storage medium for fuel cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Flow length of the melt flow is reduced, allowing efficient dividing of the melt by atomizing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a view of a device used in the production of a hydrogen absorbing alloy powder.
NOVELTY - A porous metal structure has a thin surface layer which only contains pores having sizes of 0.01-2 mum and no wider pores.    USE - The metal structure is used in solid oxide fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The porous metal structure is suitable for applying ceramic membranes or (non)porous metals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) preparation of small metal or alloy particles by application of precursor of metal or alloy to a thermostat support soluble in lye, reducing this precursor in a gas stream, dissolving the support in lye after cooling to room temperature, separating the metal particles from the liquid after flocculation and removing the contaminants by washing, and    (b) a method for manufacturing a coarsely porous metal structure.
NOVELTY - Preparing low-sulfur hydrocarbon feedstock products for fuel cell fuel, comprises: (a) providing a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; and (b) converting the synthesis gas via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to hydrocarbon feedstock products. The hydrocarbon products include tail gas, condensate wax, straight-run diesel and naphtha products, hydrocracked diesel and naphtha products or their mixtures.    USE - For forming fuel cell fuel for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuels obtained have very low levels of sulfur, aromatics and nitrogen compounds, without a desulfurizing step. Sulfur tolerant materials are not required in the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also claimed for a method operating a fuel cell, using the above method to form the hydrocarbon feedstock, and electrochemically combining hydrogen derived from the feedstock with an oxidant, without combustion, to produce electricity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing show a flow diagram illustrating the low temperature Fischer-Tropsch process.
NOVELTY - The substrate has ceramic base material on which oxide glass with silica, phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and borontrioxide (B2O3) forming 95% of its total weight is integrally formed. The proportion of (SiO2:B2O3:P2O5) in the composition of glass is (85:0:15), (66.5:0:33.5), (25:75:0), (62.5:37:5.0) or (25.0:25.0:50.0) according to its three component phase diagram.    USE - In thin film silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Need for maintenance of high purity is avoided as ceramic base material is used. Cost of production is lowered and accuracy of planarity of the surface is maintained easily as smooth surface formed easily by the fused glass layer.
NOVELTY - The substrate consists of 40-80 weight percentage (wt.%) of mullite (3Al2O3 2SiO2) and silica as principal component. Two or more kinds of MgO, CaO and BaO are added to about 2-10 wt.% and glass is included to form tabular ceramic baked substrate which is baked at 1400-1600degreesC.    USE - For thin film solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Cheap raw materials like kaolin and silica can be used for mullite and as it can be baked at normal atmosphere, so the production cost can be reduced effectively. The strength of the substrate becomes sufficiently large and light receiving area of the battery is increased.
NOVELTY - The zirconium and cordierite crystal grains are confined together by carrying out glass phase. Then, the bound compositions are baked to form a tubular ceramic baked object.    USE - For thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since the raw materials used for forming the battery substrate is cheap, the solar battery overall cost is reduced. Since very high temperature is not needed for baking, the baking cost is reduced.
NOVELTY - An electrode film (1) on the oxygen side and an electrode film (2) are laminated respectively on both surfaces of a solid electrolyte film to form a single cell (1).    USE - None given    ADVANTAGE - Fuel and oxygen are approximately uniformly fed to each electrode film of a single cell, and the generation efficiency of a solid electrolyte fuel battery is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A number of the single cells (1) are laminated through respective gas separators (2) to form a solid electrolyte fuel battery. In this case, the gas separator is incorporated at a joint between the single cell electrode films. In a so formed collector, a number of grooves with a width of 0.5 - 5 mm and a depth of 0.5 - 5 mm are formed at intervals of a distance of 0.5 - 10 mm in parallel in a contact surface between the single cell electrode films. A collector is formed of dense ceramics consisting mainly of strontium dope lanthanum manganate or dense ceramics consisting mainly of nickel and yttrium stabilized zirconia.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - This drawing shows manufacture of a fuel battery stack.    single cell (1)    gas separator (2)
NOVELTY - The fuel battery has an electrolyte board (21) which is supported by oxidizing electrode and fuel electrode. The electrolyte board is formed by inorganic compound and organic compound.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the electrolyte board is formed by inorganic and organic compound, water component management of electrolytes is not needed. Permeation to the electrolyte of fuels, such as methanol is suppressed. Deterioration of electrolyte is suppressed and battery output is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing showing the principal part of fuel battery.    Electrolyte board (21)
NOVELTY - A catalyst composition for a fuel battery is arranged at the electrode of a fuel battery to generate electric energy through electric chemical reaction between electrolyte and gas by bringing gas into contact with the back of a battery arranged with an electrolyte nipped between. The catalyst composition has carbon powder carrying a precious metal catalyst and a binder of fluorine resin.    USE - None given    ADVANTAGE - Diffusion ability of gas is improved, and a catalyst is always efficient and uniformly activated.
NOVELTY - The anode (12) has sequential arrangement of anode catalyst (19), carbon catalyst (20) and gaseous diffusion portion (18). The anode catalyst has alloy portion (19a) and non-alloy portion (19b), where platinum and ruthenium metals are alloyed and unalloyed, respectively.    USE - Solid polymer film electrolytic fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - An improved anode catalyst is obtained. A big metal surface is securable with a simple composition. Voltage reduction is restrained, even when load is taken to high current density area. Battery durability is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solid polymer film electrolytic fuel battery manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows anode structure of battery.    Anode (12)    Anode catalyst (19)    Alloy portion (19a)    Non-alloy portion (19b)
NOVELTY - Protective sheet has a layer which contains cyclic olefin type ring-opening polymer or hydrogenated cyclic olefin type ring-opening polymer.    USE - For solar battery modules (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The protective sheet has excellent weather resistance and damp proof property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module which consists of sequential lamination of a surface protection layer, a solar battery element and a back-side protective layer. Optionally, an adhesive layer is provided between the surface protection layers and solar battery elements.
NOVELTY - Inorganic fibrous materials (2) of size 20 microns, is exposed to at least one surface of inorganic base material (1).    USE - The composite semiconductor silicon substrate for film forming by thermal spraying process, is used for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The formation of thin silicon semiconductor device is simple by thermal spraying process for film forming on composite substrate with fibrous materials in inorganic base material. Productivity and dependability are improved. The composite substrate has high utility value in larger device like solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composite substrate.    Base material (1)    Fibrous material (2)
NOVELTY - A connection electrode (3b) is separated from connection electrode (4a) by a separation line (L1). The separation lines (L1-L3) separate solar battery units and make electrodes of each unit to the isolated from each other. The connection electrode (4a) covers a portion opposing the separation line of the connection electrode (3b).    USE - For thin film solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Since the electrodes are isolated from each other, damaging of electrode during laser processing is avoided and thin film solar battery module is manufactured in short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The connection electrode (4a) is connected to an electrode (2a) and connection electrode (3b) is connected to another electrode (1a). The electrodes (1a,2a) and photoelectric conversion layer (P) are laminated to a substrate (S). The substrate consists of aramid, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylenenaphthalate or polycarbonate. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin film solar battery module manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the condition of forming film on electrode layer of thin film solar battery module.    Electrodes (1a,2a)    Connection electrodes (3b,4a)    Separation lines (L1-L2-L3)    Photoelectric conversion layer (P)    Substrate (S)
NOVELTY - The front or back cover layers (1,3) laminated with filler layers (2,2') respectively are laminated on front or back surface of a solar battery element (4). The filler layer includes thermoplastic resin.    USE - For covering front or back surface of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Excels in productivity and saving resource property of solar battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the cover film manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model sectional view of solar battery module.    Front and back cover layers (1,3)    Filler layers (2,2')    Solar battery element (4)
NOVELTY - Heating gas is supplied to lateral anodes in each unit battery cell (12) through manifold. Oxidizing gas is supplied to the lateral cathodes through path (36). Coolant is supplied to each cell through path (44) with coolant outlet connecting fuel and oxidizing gas paths.    USE - For solid polymeric type fuel battery stack.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents condensation of water, by minimizing the temperature difference between the manifold and battery cell. As coolant outlet is arranged at the inlet of fuel and oxidizing gas paths, temperature variation is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anodes and cathodes are separated by the separator through solid polymer electrolyte film. The coolant outlet is set at the entrance side of fuel and oxidizing gas paths.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of the fuel battery stack.    Battery cell (12)    Oxidizing gas path (36)    Coolant path (44)
NOVELTY - Supply pipes (54,56) formed at end plate (32) are connected to heating gas and oxidizing agent gas supply flow paths (38,40). Similarly, the emission pipes (60,58) are connected to oxidizing agent gas and heating gas emission flow paths (46,44). The supply and emission pipes have an enlargement section (68) with a step (70).    USE - In fuel battery stack.    ADVANTAGE - Unnecessary introduction of water inside fuel battery by reverse flow is prevented hence electricity generation is maintained effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional explanatory drawing of fuel battery stack.    End plate (32)    Heating gas and oxidizing agent gas supply path (38,40)    Heating gas and oxidizing agent gas emission flow paths (44,46)    Supply pipes (54,56)    Emission pipes (58,60)    Enlargement section (68)    Step (70)
NOVELTY - A sensor (8) detects hydrocarbon of methane series in biogas or concentration of carbondioxide and outputs detected value of totaling unit (16). Amount of electricity generation is computed from output of sensor based on which amount of supply of biogas is computed. A regulating valve (13) regulates amount of biogas supply to fuel battery plant (6).    USE - Fuel battery driven electricity generation installation using biogas obtained by methane fermentation of waste water in beer manufacturing works.    ADVANTAGE - Stabilizes continuous operation of fuel battery plant for long period, thus attaining cost reduction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows composition of fuel battery driven electricity generation installation.    Fuel battery plant (6)    Sensor (8)    Regulating valve (13)    Totaling unit (16)
NOVELTY - The system has a buffer tank (30) which stores air mixed in water contained in water treating unit (10). The treated water is fed to buffer tank from treating unit through water treatment type circulation loop (14A).    USE - For fuel cell power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Cell maintenance is simplified. Replenishment of water is made easy and at shorter time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows chart of fuel battery electrical power generating device.    Water treating unit (10)    Water treatment type circulation loop (14A)    Buffer tank (30)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell assembly has a two-phase pressure compensation system for maintaining a fuel cell stack (2) under a constant predetermined pressure.    USE - As a fuel cell assembly of the type described in DE19517042-C1, provided with e.g. molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) or solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).    ADVANTAGE - The two phase system allows low cost maintenance of a constant pressure in the compensation bellows, without the need for electronic monitoring or mechanical regulation of the gas pressure, and provides a closed system with no gas consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell assembly comprises a fuel cell stack (2) located between pressure plates (4, 5) and which is separated from one or each of the pressure plates by a compensator comprising a bellows (30) filled with a pressurized first phase-forming gas for maintaining the stack under a predetermined pressure. A compensation vessel, which is thermally insulated from the stack and which is coupled by a connection line to the bellows (30), contains a part of the gas, communicating with the bellows via the connection line, and a second phase in equilibrium with the gas. Preferred Features: The compensation vessel is thermally insulated and is maintained at a constant temperature, especially ambient temperature or an elevated temperature maintained by a heater. The fuel cell stack is contained in a gas-tight enclosure (3, 4, 5), the compensation vessel being located outside the enclosure. The second phase is the liquid phase of the gas in the bellows or is a sorbed phase of the gas, the sorbed phase being adsorbed or chemisorbed on an active carbon or zeolite sorbent. The gas consists of or contains an inert gas, especially nitrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of a fuel cell assembly.    fuel cells (1)    fuel cell stack (2)    housing (3)    pressure plates (4, 5)    bellows (30)
NOVELTY - The device operating method comprises changing a medium in contact with the device to alter the rectification property of two contacting different conductivity materials.    USE - The sensor is used for detecting gases, especially gases containing OH- groups, or liquids or liquid vapors, especially water or water vapor (claimed). The device is used for detecting changes of a medium (e.g. as a gas-sensitive FET), has its operating properties (especially switching properties) modified by changes of a medium (e.g. as a diode), or is a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The process has low cost, the device has a simplified structure, the sensor has a wide detection range and high operating reliability and the solar cell has increased efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) a device comprising two different conductivity materials which contact in a contact region, the conductivity of which changes on contact with a medium;    (ii) a sensor comprising the above device; and    (iii) a solar cell comprising the above device.    Preferred Features: One or more current/voltage values are detected, e.g. a current/voltage value is determined in a medium of known composition and another current/voltage value is determined in a medium to be analyzed. The device may be located in a housing in which a desired medium composition can be produced and/or maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic double cell.    Substrate (10)    Transparent contact layer (20)    First semiconductor layer (30)    Second semiconductor layer (40)    Gold contact layer (50).
The method for making p-n junction of silicon solar cell includes the following steps: firstly, applying doped source material on one side of silicon wafer, drying said coating layer to make one side of silicon wafer form active surface and make another side of silicon wafer form passive surface, then baking the silicon wafer in diffusion furnace. It is characterized by that every two silicon wafers are formed into a group, and the described active surfaces of the above-mentioned silicon wafers are placed opposite in same fixing device. Said invention can effectively raise the uniformity of p-n junction surface resistance of silicon cell and photoelectric conversion efficiency, and can raise production efficiency, save energy source and reduce environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage composition comprises an aluminum hydride-based complex. The complex incorporates at least one member which is an element, metal, metal hydride or another aluminum hydride complex.    USE - For supplying hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Exhibits reversible properties that is hydrogenation/dehydrogenation at moderately elevated temperatures of 80 - 180 degreesC, especially 100 - 150 degreesC and has an hydrogen capacity exceeding 2 wt. %. Excellent hydrogen sorption properties are observed when the mixtures are in the monocrystalline form and when the components are extremely finely intermixed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen storage composition comprises an aluminum hydride-based complex. The complex incorporates at least one member which is an element which do not readily form a hydride in a solid state, a metal which forms a stable hydride, metal hydride or another aluminum hydride complex.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of supplying hydrogen which comprises:    (a) liberating the hydrogen from a composition at a temperature of at least 80 degreesC to form a dehydrogenated form of composition;    (b) removing the liberated hydrogen; and    (c) absorbing the hydrogen to regenerate the composition as a future source of hydrogen.
NOVELTY - Reaction water is withdrawn from polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells using a hydrophobic layer on the cathode side which has a lower pore size than the anode side layer. The reaction water is then withdrawn by the anode.    USE - For removing reaction water from PEM cells.    ADVANTAGE - No moisture from the reaction gases is required and only slightly higher gas pressures are necessary.
NOVELTY - A solid oxide fuel cell interconnector comprises an interconnect structure having a superalloy metallic layer and a metal layer on an anode face. The metal layer comprises a metal, which reacts with chromium oxide or chromia to form an electronically conducting oxide phase on the superalloy metallic layer.    USE - For fuel cell units in a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The invention has stability and good electrical conductivity in an oxidized and reduced atmosphere at high temperatures, preferably at least greater than 700degreesC. It has a coefficient of thermal expansion relative to that of an oxide ion conductive solid and an electrode material. It has a low cost and promotes the formation of an oxide phase on the fuel side of the interconnector.
NOVELTY - Flow paths for reactant gas and coolant liquid are provided in conductive end plate units (28,30). The inlets and outlets of flow paths are defined by headers (12) that are made of non-conductive material and define internal ports communicating with the flow paths of reactant gas and coolant liquid.    USE - For stacking fuel cells in power plant.    ADVANTAGE - Stacking efficiency of fuel cell is improved remarkably, since the end plate units are effectively connected to inlet and exit manifolds of fuel and fluid coolant. Productivity is improved by usage of non-conductive polymeric material for headers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - At least one header has one or more coolant outlet port for connection with supply of fluid coolant. One or more reactant inner port is provided in at least one header for communication with reactant source. The end plate units are fabricated from lightweight conductive material and headers are made of polymeric material with fiber reinforced filler added for improved strength and for lower coefficient of thermal expansion. Removable fasteners are provided to secure the headers to anode plate assemblies. The end plate units are rectangular and have notched end portions to receive the headers. The cathode plate assemblies have end portions aligned with one other in the stack. The headers project beyond the aligned end portions for communication between the headers. The reactant gas used is hydrogen and coolant is water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of stacking assembly for fuel cells.    Header (12)    Conductive end plate units (28,30)
NOVELTY - A corrugated board is installed in a molding box, on which a liquid thermosetting resin whose viscosity is 0.5-5 poises is filled. The casting and hardening is performed and resin substrate is peeled from the vitrified carbonization of resin hardened substrate is obtained by baking.    USE - For molding substrate for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The resin of specific viscosity is filled on substrate and casting is performed, hence precised concavo-convex structure of substrate is easily molded. The solar battery with higher photoelectric conversion efficiency is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The molding method of substrate in an alternate manner involves arranging the substrate in the molding box, on which powdered thermosetting resin is filled and hot pressure casting is performed. The pressure of 0.2-20 Ton/cm2 is subjected to obtain resin hardened board. The resin substrate is peeled from corrugated cardboard and vitrified carbonization of resin hardened board is obtained by baking.
NOVELTY - Electrodes (12,17) are formed on a laminated structure of p-i-n-type crystal layers (13,15,16). A p-type crystal layer is formed using silicon hydride and hydrogen gas as raw material gas and boric hydride gas as doping gas, so that flow ratio of B2H6 to SiH4 is 0.3% or less. p-type crystal layers are plasma treated in B2H6 atmosphere diluted with H2 gas, using a HF power supply of 60 MHz or more.    USE - For manufacturing solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents deterioration of film quality or transparent electrode. Improves electrical conductivity. Improves solar generation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates a sectional view of solar battery.    Transparent electrodes (12,17)    Crystal layers (13,15,16)
NOVELTY - Distance between electrodes (310) is set within 1.5 cm. Flow ratio of hydrogen corresponding to silane group gas included in the reactive gas of chamber is incremented by 100 or more. A plasma discharge electric power density is set as 100 mW/cm2 or more. The deposition velocity of photoelectric conversion layer is 1 mum/h or more.    USE - For manufacturing photoelectric connector used in solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - By increasing film forming velocity of crystalline silicon type thin film photoelectric conversion layer formed by low temperature CVD method, the productive efficiency of the connector is increased and its capability is also improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - As the ratio of silane group gas opposing to hydrogen in reactive gas is increased, the reactive gas introduced in an opening (312) moves along downstream direction to the opening (311). Pressure of 5 torrs or more is maintained at the interior of the chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of portion of gas blow-off electrode.    Electrodes (310)    Openings (311,312)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte contains a crosslinked polymer prepared from a specific N-containing source polymer compound and an electrophilic reagent having at least two functional groups.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolyte contains a crosslinked polymer prepared from a specific nitrogen-containing source polymer compound and a compound selected from the ones of formula (II) or formula R5DER4 (III). The source polymer has the repeating unit of formula -(CH2C(Z)(R1)x(A)y- (I). R1 = H or 1-4C alkyl group; Z = N-containing hetero-ring group; A = a group derived from a compound having ethylenic unsaturated groups; x = 5-100 mol%; y = 0-95 mol%; R2, R3 = alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl group; R4 = cyano, alkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy, carbonamide, phosphoric acid, phosphono, phosphino, phosphoryl, carbamoyl, urethane, urea, carbonate, sulphonamide, sulphamoyl, sulphoxide, sulphone, sulphonyl, nitro, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkenylene, or arylene group; a, b, c = 0 or 1; D = -O-, -OC(O)-, or -OC(O)O-; R5 = hetero-ring, or alkyl or alkenyl group having hetero-rings.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) a photo-electron transducer comprising a conductive support, a semiconductor-containing layer coated on the conductive support, a layer containing the new electrolyte, and a counter electrode; and (2) a photo-electrochemical cell comprising the photo-electron transducer.    USE -   For dye-sensitized photo-electrochemical cells, generating electricity from sunlight.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrolyte provides dye-sensitized photo-electrochemical cells with a higher current output of 4-8 mA/cm2 and an improved operating life; keeping about 70 % of its original performance after 480 hr continuous operation.
NOVELTY - An electrolyte contains a non-crosslinking vinyl polymer having quaternary salt of a nitrogen-containing hetero-ring or quaternary ammonium salt on its side chain.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The non-crosslinking vinyl polymer is of formula (I). R1, R3 = H, alkyl, or aryl; R2 = group having quaternary salt of nitrogen-containing hetero ring or quaternary ammonium salt; R4 = group having nitrogen-containing hetero ring or tert-amine; D, E = connecting group; d, e = 0 or 1; A = group derived from ethylenic unsaturated group; a = 1-100 wt.%; b = 0-99 wt.%; c = 0-80 wt.%.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for: (1) a photo-electrochemical cell comprising a charge transporting layer which contains the new electrolyte and a counter electrode of semiconductor sensitive to radiation.    USE -   For dye-sensitized photo-electrochemical cells.    ADVANTAGE -   The new electrolyte provides dye-sensitized photo-electrochemical cells with an improved operating life.
NOVELTY - A pigment sensitizing solar battery has a clear substrate having a clear conductive film, a sensitizing pigment-bearing semiconductor and an electrolyte layer between the clear substrate and a conductive substrate forming a counter electrode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Opto-electric conversion generates electrical energy between the clear conductive film and the conductive substrate. The sensitizing pigment contains at least one copper bipyridyl monovalent complex of formula (I) and/or formula (II):    R1-R8 = H, substituent, including COOH, SO3, OH, or NH2; R10, R11 = substituent, including COOH, SO3, OH, NH2, alkyl, or aryl;at least one of R1-R8 = substituent, including COOH, SO3, OH, or NH2.    USE -   The pigment sensitizing solar battery is used for directly converting sunlight energy into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   The copper vipyridyl monovalent complex is easily availabe at a low cost, and has superior productivity. The sensitizing pigment efficienty absorbs the sunlight to enhance conversion efficiency, directly converting the light energy into the electrical energy. The sensitizing pigment forms a firm bonding state to the surface of the semiconductor, yielding superior durability.
NOVELTY - The sheet (3) having phosphoric acid proof, insulation and heat resistance is coated along inner side of the manifold (2). The packing consists of silicone rubber, or ethylene propylene rubber, is arranged between the manifold and the fuel battery (5) to seal gap between sheet and manifold.    USE - For sealing manifold used in supply/ejection of heating gas and oxidizing agent gas in phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables isolation of packing from phosphoric acid contained in exhaust gas. Expands selection range of material of packing by enabling usage of packing having material with non-phosphoric acid proof property. Reduces cost of battery by using inexpensive material with small rate of compression deformation in packing. Maintains excellent sealing of manifold for long time period. Reduces weight of manifold by avoiding need for application of excessive tightening load to manifold. Expands life span of packing by avoiding surplus compressive stress generation in packing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of fuel battery.    Manifold (2)    Sheet (3)    Fuel battery (5)
NOVELTY - The modifier comprises of several evaporators (101-104) and fuel supply valves (151-154) to control amount of fuel for combustion inside a burner interlocked with accelerator pedal (200). The operation of pedal effects change in the load of fuel battery system and heats the fuel, for modification.    USE - For fuel battery system in vehicles (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel battery system carries out electricity generation using the modified gas of the modifier. The modifier responses quickly depending on load fluctuation. An efficient fuel battery system is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Solenoids (251-254) adjust the opening of fuel supply valves for combustion. Idle running combustors (241-244) which run during minimum amount of combustion, are installed inside the evaporators. The rate of flow of fuel for modification is controlled based on output of a temperature detector in the evaporation pipes (111-114). Combustion catalyst is installed on the external surface of the evaporation pipe. The fuel battery carries out electricity generation using the modified gas of the modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of the evaporator in fuel battery system.    Evaporators (101-104)    Fuel supply valves (151-154)    Accelerator pedal (200)    Idle running combustors (241-244)    Solenoids (251-254)
NOVELTY - The supply hole (8a) and the emission hole (8b) of oxidizing agent gas are formed on a separator (11). The set holes (12a,12b) are formed adjacent to the supply hole and the emission hole respectively. The set holes are made to contact the flow groove (8c) of the separator.    USE - For e.g. solid polymer type fuel battery used in vehicle, space craft.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies uniform supply of heating gas, oxidizing agent gas and cooling water by forming set holes. Improves efficiency of power generation by preventing cell deterioration. Stabilizes characteristics of battery by facilitating efficient removal of formed water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solid polymer electrolyte film with ion conductivity is supported by the porous electrode plates. The separator is arranged outside the electrode plates. The supply hole and the set hole (12b) are made to face each other. The emission hole and other set hole (12a) are made to face each other.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of separator.    Supply hole (8a)    Emission hole (8b)    Flow groove (8c)    Separator (11)    Set holes (12a,12b)
NOVELTY - The pressure is applied to connect the solid polymer electrolyte film (1) to the anode (2) and the cathode (3). The pressure is adjusted to that film thickness of the power generation area (6) of the electrolyte film is set smaller than film thickness of the sealing portion (7) of power generation area.    USE - For manufacturing contact piece of solid polymer electrolyte film and electrodes for solid polymer electrolyte fuel battery used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents damage of electrolyte film without affecting property of battery. Reduces manufacturing cost of battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of single cell of fuel battery.    Solid polymer electrolyte film (1)    Anode (2)    Cathode (3)    Power generation area (6)    Sealing portion (7)
NOVELTY - A target (3) and a substrate (4) are opposingly arranged. Multiple shield boards (7) are arranged perpendicular to magnet and magnet circuit (5) and are of smaller width than the circuit. A poor filming for sputter particle separated from an erosion area (8) with the shield board is shielded.    USE - For large sized display and thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since the shield board is distributed vertically along the width of the magnetic circuit, poor filming for sputter particle can be shielded.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing showing schematic composition of sputter apparatus.    Target (3)    Substrate (4)    Magnet circuit (5)    Shield board (7)    Erosion area (8)
NOVELTY - On front and back of a solar battery element (4), front and back cover layers (1,3) with respective filler layers (2,2') are formed, accordingly. Principal component of filler layer has resin of ethylene alpha olefin copolymer polymerized using simple single site catalyst, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer or silicone resin, with cross linking agent.    USE - For covering front or back surface of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Excels in productivity, saving resource property and cost reduction property of solar battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the cover film manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model sectional view of solar battery module with cover film.    Front cover layer (1)    Filler layers (2,2')    Back cover layer (3)    Solar battery element (4)
NOVELTY - A source material layer and substrate (A) are provided in opposite direction on source substrate which is boron nitride or an alumina. The source substrate is heated so that it serves as high temperature from substrate (A). The component of source material on source substrate is vaporized. A thin film is formed on the substrate (A) by contact sublimation method.    USE - For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature rise of substrate (A) by the influence of heat radiated from source substrate is suppressed. The temperature difference between the board is maintained pertinently and film formation of semiconductor thin film by contact sublimation method is performed. High quality semiconductor thin film and CdTe for solar batteries are manufactured by low cost.
NOVELTY - A charge conduction layer (4) is provided between the transparent conductive layers (2) and counter electrodes (5). A sensing dye (3) is provided in contacting with layer (4). The distance between the layers (2) and electrodes is set to be 2-10 micron.    USE - Photogalvanic cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables obtaining high photoelectric conversion efficiency, as distance between the electrodes is minimized and current variation is regulated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photogalvanic cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of photogalvanic cell.    Transparent conductive layer (2)    Sensing dye (3)    Charge conduction layer (4)    Counter electrode (5)
NOVELTY - A data conversion program (13) converts data by making input of cooling water state analysis program (12) to reflect calculation result to finite element technique heat transfer analysis program (11). The control program (14) controls data conversion until fulfilling predetermined convergence conditions so as to repeat execution of both programs (11,12) alternately.    USE - For estimating temperature distribution of cool water in fuel battery stack.    ADVANTAGE - Enables correct estimation of temperature distribution without being dependent on anticipation value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cool water temperature distribution estimation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of cool water temperature distribution estimation apparatus.    Finite element technique heat transfer analysis program (11)    Cooling water state analysis program (12)    Data conversion program (13)    Control program (14)
NOVELTY - Fuel with main grooves and oxidizing agent gas passageways (40,60) are provided in separators (14,16), respectively. Main flow path grooves (42,44,46) between inlet and outlet holes (32a,36) are formed in zig-zag manner in the separators. Along gravity direction of grooves, supplementary flow path grooves (48,50) are provided in continuity with the main grooves.    USE - In fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since supplementary flow path grooves are provided, gas flow rate and gaseous diffusion are increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded isometric view of fuel battery.    Separators (14,16)    Inlet and outlet holes (32a,36)    Fuel gas and oxidizing agent gas passageways (40,60)    Main flow path grooves (42,44,46)    Supplementary flow path grooves (48,50)
NOVELTY - The thin film operated in high temperature area and solidifying the electrolyte comprises coagulants conductive providing agent. A chemical bond of inorganic and organic materials is carried out to fixed length on nano level inside conductive providing agent.    USE - For electrochemical device of high temperature area, efficient transduction device containing fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Provides polymer fuel battery of high usage facility by inhibiting poisoning of CO to the fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solid polymer electrolyte content thin film manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - The solid polymer electrolyte film contains sulfonic acid group and cross-linking agent comprising sulfur.    USE - For solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte has excellent mechanical strength, chemical stability and durability. The manufacturing process is inexpensive. The gas transmittance of the electrolyte is low and battery output is high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of solid polymer electrolyte film.
NOVELTY - The battery has several cells (32) each having separators (36,37) to support electrode contact piece (34) from its two sides. Coolant flow paths (38) are provided penetrating through the cells. Temperature distribution elimination unit changes cross-section of path and controls flow of coolant, so that the temperature distribution along cell surface is reduced.    USE - For small vehicle mounted generator.    ADVANTAGE - Temperature distribution along surface of battery is reduced as rate of flow of coolant which flows the coolant flow path along high temperature area is large. Discharge of cells are caused at optimum temperature as temperature distribution over surface of battery are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective and side view of fuel battery.    Coolant flow path (30)    Cells (32)    Support electrode contact piece (34)    Separator (36,37)
NOVELTY - Cooling medium feed hopper (42) is provided in center of separator (14b). The separators (14a,14b) are joined via fuel battery cell (12). Exhaust outlet (44) is provided in periphery of electricity generator. The outlet and feed hopper communicates through whorl-shaped cooling medium flow path (48).    USE - In fuel battery stack.    ADVANTAGE - Since a whorl-shaped flow path is provided, the cooling medium has greatest endogenic function in center of electricity generator and tends to cool as it reaches periphery of the generator. Hence temperature distribution is equalized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows isometric view of fuel battery stack.    Fuel battery cell (12)    Separators (14a,14b)    Feed hopper (42)    Exhaust outlet (44)    Flow path (48)
NOVELTY - The paste includes Al powder, glass frit, organic substance vehicle, and aluminum content organic compound. The mixture ratio is given by 50-75 weight percent (wt.%), 0.5-5.0 wt.% of vehicle, 20-30 wt.% of organic compound and 1-15 wt.% of Al metal.    USE - For electrode formation of P-type silicon substrate of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode film thickness is reduced and hence yield is raised and cost is reduced. Secures desired battery characteristics even with electrode film of less thickness.
NOVELTY - Device comprises: carbon monoxide oxidation portion (5) that oxidizes and reduces carbon monoxide gas contained in reformate gas; obtained through reforming; oxygen supplying device (14) that supplies oxygen to reformate gas to oxidize carbon monoxide, and carbon monoxide reducing device comprising: an oxygen supply amount controller (37) that controls amount of oxygen supplied to reformate gas based on amount of fuel contributing to the reforming reaction.    USE - Reducing a concentration of carbon monoxide contained in reformate gas that has been obtained through reformation of a hydrocarbon such as methyl alcohol and a fuel such as water vapor.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of oxygen supplied to oxidize carbon monoxide is changed according to the amount of fuel contributing to a reforming reaction, providing a predetermined efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the overall construction of a system with the reformer connected to a fuel cell.    Heating portion (3)    Reforming portion (4)    Oxidation portion (5)    Combustion portion (6)    Vaporizing portion (7)    Pump (8)    Ejector (9)    Air feed portion (10)    Pump (11)    Heat exchanger (12)    Air pump (13)    Oxygen supply device (14)    Controller (37)
NOVELTY - An electrically-conducting fuel cell membrane of high proton conductivity and containing sulfonated strictly alternating polyether ketones (A) with aryl-containing repeating units is new.    USE - The membrane is useful for insertion in fuel cells, especially in direct methane fuel cells (claimed), in high power condensers (claimed), and at a thickness of at least 30 micron for electrodialaysis (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The membrane avoids the enormous cost of the previously used membrane material Nafion(RTM), has high proton conductivity, and high chemical resistance and mechanical stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell membrane contains (wt.%):    (A) sulfonated strictly alternating polyether ketones (30-99.5) with repeating units of formula (I):    -Ar-O-Ar-CO, (I) (sic)    where:    Ar = phenyl with para- or meta bonds,    Ar' = phenylene, naphthalene-, diphenylene-, anthrylene-, or another divalent aromatic residue, of ion exchange capacity 1.3-4.0 meq. (-SO3H)/g(polymer), and    (B) partially fluorinated, unfluorinated, or perfluorinated polymer.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of the membrane by reaction of a sulfonated polyether ketone (A) with polymer (B) in a B/A weight ratio of 0.01-0.5 in a solvent, filtering off, and spreading of the solution over a flat support with final drying at 25-140degreesC.
NOVELTY - A separator (30) for a fuel cell has a metallic base (60) which is covered by a first coating layer of electrically conductive material. The first layer (65) is covered by a second, different, electrically conductive material (66). The first layer is coated on a face of the separator that contacts another fuel cell component when the separator is incorporated into the fuel cell.    USE - For use in a fuel cell or battery.    ADVANTAGE - Sufficiently high corrosion resistance is provided without using costly material and without having too large a coating thickness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) A fuel cell, and    (2) A method of producing a separator for a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional view of a separator.    Separator (30)    Base (60)    Tin layers (62)    Thermal graphite layer (64)    Stainless steel base sheets (65, 66)
(AT9901382-A)   NOVELTY - Fuel cell arrangement comprises a sulfur filter (4) which is provided before sulfur-sensitive reformer parts (7) in the flow direction of a process gas, e.g. natural gas. Sulfur-resistant parts (2) are arranged before the sulfur filter. A three-way valve (3) is directly arranged before the sulfur filter, the third connection of the valve being connected to a line (5) that introduces oxygen-containing regeneration gas. A further three-way valve (6) is directly arranged after the sulfur filter and is connected to a waste gas line (8).    USE - As a fuel cell arrangement.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement has a simple construction and the sulfur filter can be quickly regenerated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: A heater (13) for heating the gas is arranged in the line (5) which is connected to a heater provided with a burner and acts to remove the waste gas of the heater. The heater is a heat exchanger whose primary circuit is subjected to the waste gases from the burner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell arrangement.    sulfur-resistant parts (2)    sulfur filter (4)    line for introducing oxygen-containing regeneration gas (5)    three-way valve (6)    sulfur-sensitive reformer parts (7)    waste gas line (8)    heater (13)
NOVELTY - A bipolar plate (5) for fuel cells, comprises a substrate with a coating of an electrocatalytically-active material.    USE - For fuel cells, particularly for conducting current from the anode of one cell unit to the cathode of the adjacent cell unit and/or distributing fluid, which comprises a substrate with a coating of an electrocatalytically-active material.    ADVANTAGE - Electrical conductivity of bipolar plates is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a fuel cell comprising (i) at least bipolar plates, (ii) a membrane electrode assembly disposed between the plates, (iii) current-collecting mechanisms, (iv) feeding device for feeding an oxygen-containing gas to the cathode; and    (b) a fuel cell assembly comprising (i) a number of cell units in which each unit contains a essentially gas-impermeable proton-exchange membrane separating the cell into anolyte and catholyte chambers, (ii) a bipolar plate disposed between adjacent cell units, (iii) current-collecting mechanisms, (iv) feeding device for feeding hydrogen fuel to the anodes, and (v) feeding device for feeding an oxygen-containing gas to the cathode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel assembly including a bipolar plate.    bipolar plate (5)
NOVELTY - A battery has compartments separated by a barrier which comprises a proton transporting moiety.    USE - For use in powering electrical devices.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cells which are created by a technology employing molecules in biological processes, operate at moderate temperatures and without the presence of harsh chemicals maintained at high temperatures which corrode cell components. They are more complex and are readily available. They have greater capacity. The compact, inert energy sources of the fuel cells provide short duration electrical output. The fuel cells are rechargeable with fuel because the materials retained within the fuel cells are non-corrosive and not hazardous. They use active transport of protons to increase sustainable efficiency. They can be electrically recharged.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a battery with compartments, comprising:    (a) enzymatically oxidizing an electron carrier and delivering the electrons to a first electrode in chemical communication with the first compartment;    (b) catalyzing the transfer of protons from the first to the second compartment; and    (c) reducing an electron receiving molecule with electrodes conveyed through a circuit from the first to a second electrode in the second compartment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of an interior of a fuel cell with three chambers.    First and second compartments (1, 2)    First and second electrodes (4, 5)    Fuel cell (10)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen and carbon were produced by pyrolysis of methane and other organic gases utilizing carbon dust as catalyst for precipitation of carbon in a closed process.    USE - For production of hydrogen and carbon used in the production of car tires. The product of this invention can also be used in paint products, in lubricants and in medical products.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is more energy effective because the pyrolysis process operates at at least 400degreesC.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) device for production of hydrogen and carbon by pyrolysis of methane and other organic gases in a closed system with a heat insulated reaction chamber; and    (b) the application of compact pyrolysis systems in vehicles for pre-processing of natural gas, methane and other organic gases with the aim of producing hydrogen fuel for the polymer fuel cells that generates electrical power for propulsion of the vehicle.
NOVELTY - A non-oxidized stainless steel support plate is coated by applying a diffusion barrier layer (2) containing a titanium compound and a nickel layer (3) over the barrier layer. The plate has an electrically conducting corrosion-resistant coating. The titanium compound comprises titanium oxide.    USE - The invention is used for coating a non-oxidized stainless steel plate so as to provide an electrically conducting corrosion-resistant coating.    ADVANTAGE - As a result of applying titanium oxide directly to the stainless steel base material, no harmful reaction takes place when carbonate diffuses through the porous nickel top layer. It is assumed that the titanium oxide in contact with the carbonate converts the top layer into lithium titanium oxide (Li2TiO3). This does not have any adverse effect on the electrical properties of the coating. The bulk of the TiO2 is converted into a sodium-titanium bronze or a potassium-titanium bronze. This material still has barrier properties relative to the alloy elements from the stainless steel. A further guarantee that the barrier layer remains intact even during a prolonged period is achieved by giving the layer an appreciable thickness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell stack comprising a number of cells each having a cathode, anode and electrolyte. The cells are separated by a separator plate. The plate comprises a support plate of stainless steel coated on the anode side with diffusion barrier layer comprising a titanium oxide layer provided with a nickel layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a, cross-section, part of a separator plate facing the anode.    Barrier layer (2)    Nickel layer (3)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage composition has a hydrogenated state to liberate hydrogen and a dehyrogenated state to absorb gaseous hydrogen where the former state includes a hydrided composition of lithium and an element selected from a metal which forms a hydride, an element E which forms a solid solution with lithium or at least a metal and E.    USE - For use as a reduction agent in many reactions such as in the production of borates or silanes.    ADVANTAGE - The Li-based hydride has other elements so that it becomes usable for reversible hydrogen storage. Li-Be-hydrides are easily fabricated and exhibit outstanding reversible hydrogenation performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of a source of hydrogen gas comprising:    (a) liberating hydrogen from a composition at elevated temperature with formulation of the dehydrogenated state of the composition; and    (b) removing the liberated hydrogen and regenerating hydrogenated state by exposing the dehydrogenated to hydrogen gas.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack comprises several unit cells. Each unit cell comprises a polymer electrolyte film, a pair of electrodes, and a pair of separators. The separator has a laminate structure. The laminate structure comprises a gas-tight conductive plate A and another conductive plate B. At least one slit continuously meanders from one end to another end of the conductive plate B.    USE - The fuel cell is used for portable power sources, electric vehicle power sources, and domestic cogeneration systems.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement of the separator reduces the thickness of the separator, thus, the manufacturing cost is reduced. The sealing of the fuel cell stack is improved by sealing its side faces. The assembly of the fuel stack is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell stack comprises several unit cells. Each unit cell comprises a polymer electrolyte film, a pair of electrodes, and a pair of separators. The electrode pairs are across the polymer electrolyte film and have a catalytic reaction layer. One of the separators has a fuel gas supplying mechanism to one of the electrodes. The other separator has an oxidant gas supplying mechanism to the other of the electrodes. The separator has a laminate structure. The laminate structure comprises a gas-tight conductive plate A and another conductive plate B. At least one slit continuously meanders from one end to another end of the conductive plate B.
NOVELTY - Two glass sheets are joined together at three sides to form glass stack by sealing glass at stack ends with clearance provided between sheets. Commutated photoelectric transducers are inserted into stack produced in this way. Module obtained is heated to 50-80 C and potted in optically transparent liquid such as liquid silicone polymethylene siloxane or refined vegetable oil (rape seed oil, for example).    USE - Solar power engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Improved service life and power output of module due to better optical transparency of transducer coating. 3 cl, 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Proton exchange membrane fuel cell cooling, by direct water droplet injection and evaporation by gas flushing, is new.    USE - Especially for cooling a proton exchange membrane fuel cell having a Nafion (RTM) membrane.    ADVANTAGE - The cooling method allows use of an integrated system which does not require cooling and humidification circuits, allows operation with a low cell outlet pressure, provides direct contact of coolant with the electrodes for better temperature distribution and provides better gas composition uniformity along the cell and better removal of excess water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A proton exchange membrane fuel cell is cooled by water droplet injection directly into the gas distribution zones and evaporation of the water droplets by flushing with a gas which thus remains saturated during its passage through the cell. Preferred Features: The requisite total quantity of gas is calculated from the formula Dg/D0 = greater than 4/3h0(P/Ps(T) - 1)(U0-U)F + 1, where Dg = total gas supply, D0 = total gas consumption, h0 = heat of evaporation, Ps(T) = saturated vapor pressure at temperature T, T = cell temperature, F = Faraday constant, U = cell terminal voltage and U0 = 1.48 V. The water may be injected (a) directly into the gas at the cell inlet using an injection nozzle; (b) directly into the cell by means of hollow separator plates with internal water circulation; (c) directly into the cell by means of a perforated honeycomb plate; (d) injection through conductive capillaries within the cell; or (e) injection through non-conductive capillaries (e.g. 0.1-0.3 mm diameter organic micro-fibers) within the cell.
NOVELTY - The liquid heat carrier (8) surrounding the container (7) for CO selective oxidations reaction, is vaporized by the heat generated inside the container. The heat carrier in gaseous phase (9) is connected with a heat exchanger with cooling unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reactor performs modification of original fuel by water vapor modification reaction for making the modified gas to contains hydrogen essentially. Another reactor reduces the CO contained in modified gas by aqueous shift reaction. The fuel modifier has a container with CO oxidation catalyst (6) by which CO in modified gas is still reduced. Water is used as heat carrier which has its heating unit.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The reaction heat of CO in container is absorbed by the heat carrier and is vaporized, so increase in temperature of container is prevented and degree of catalyst temperature is equalized. The vaporized heat carrier is cooled efficiently by connecting it with the heat exchanger. So absorption of container heat is efficiently performed. As the heat exchanger is cooled externally by a cooling unit the release of heat of vaporization is efficiently carried out externally. As water is used as heat carrier which has high vaporization temperature, the container heat is efficiently absorbed. Since the heat carrier has its heating unit, its temperature is maintained to predetermined value by which CO selective oxidation reaction is performed in optimal temperature range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of CO selective oxidation reaction container. (6) Catalyst; (7) Container; (8) Liquid heat carrier; (9) Gaseous phase.
NOVELTY - Pure water (19) for obtaining hydrocarbon group fuel, oxidizing agent and water vapor for modification reaction are supplied to a modifier (15). Occlusion of hydrogen formed in carbon-di-oxide separators (20a,20b) is performed by hydrogen absorbing alloy in it.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon-di-oxide separator separates carbon-di-oxide generated simultaneously with hydrogen. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus which has a reactor (14) which heats hydrocarbon fuel beforehand. A heat converter is supplied with pure water and oxygen (12) and is connected with a heat exchanger (17). The modifier is supplied with water vapor and oxygen from heat exchanger, and connected with the reactor. A cooler (18) separates the water vapor and parallelly arranged carbon-di-oxide separator with hydrogen absorbing alloy having cooling circuits (21) serially arranged. The flow of water is performed in a direction depending on usage condition.    USE -   For manufacturing hydrogen for fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since carbon-di-oxide is removed by carbon-di-oxide separator from hydrogen, clean hydrogen is supplied to engine and fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the line diagram of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (12) Oxygen; (14) Reactor; (15) Modifier; (17) Heat exchanger; (18) Cooler; (19) Pure water; (20a,20b) Carbon-di-oxide separators; (21) Cooling circuits.
NOVELTY - Porcelain supply paths (2,3) are provided to extrude two different clay materials simultaneously. The different porcelain clay materials are arranged alternately in the apparatus. Porcelain clay supply paths are set with an inclination of 10-60 to direct the porcelain clay towards the central axial direction of the molding unit (10).    In production of honey comb structure electrolyte carrier used in solid electrolyte fuel battery.    Since the porcelain clay supply path has specific inclination, the two different clay materials with uniform characteristics can be molded.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of porcelain clay supply path in the extrusion molding apparatus. (2,3) Porcelain supply paths.
NOVELTY - The strip shaped substrate is moved in predefined manner. A pair of polyimide group resin layers mixed with insulating microparticles are coated on the substrate. Then, the substrate is heated. The resin layer in the fluid state, after completion of heating, is pressed using roll and the insulating microparticles mixed with the resin materials are dispersed.    USE - For manufacturing substrate for thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates to form polyimide group resin layer of uneven surface using simple technique. Improves photoelectric conversion efficiency, by facilitating irregular reflection of incident solar light ray.
NOVELTY - A modifier (17) decomposes butane gas into hydrogen and carbon monoxide when the gas is supplied to a fuel battery (11). A decomposer (16) on upper side of the modifier, decomposes butane gas into methane, and methane is passed to modifier for water vapor modification reaction process.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Generation of carbon precipitate is prevented in the catalyst layer of a modifier. Electricity generating system has good durability and stable operation can be performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the profile of fuel battery electricity generating system. (11) Fuel battery; (16) Decomposer; (17) Modifier.
NOVELTY - A vehicle-mounted fuel battery comprises a carbon monooxide (CO) removal unit having an oxidation catalyst. A hydrogen enriched modified gas is supplied to the unit and contacted with the catalyst at -30 to 120C to set the CO concentration in the modified gas to 10 ppm or less. Electric power obtained by the cell reaction of the modified gas and a gaseous oxidizing agent is output.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A vehicle-mounted fuel battery comprises a modified raw material storing unit which supplies a raw material and forms a hydrogen enriched gas. The resulting modified gas is mixed with a small amount of oxygen from an oxygen supply unit. The battery also includes a carbon monooxide (CO) removal unit having an oxidation catalyst. A hydrogen enriched modified gas is supplied to the unit and contacted with the catalyst at -30 to 120C to set the CO concentration in the modified gas to 10 ppm or less. Electric power obtained by the cell reaction of the modified gas and a gaseous oxidizing agent is output. A gas flow control unit, temperature controller for the oxidation reaction and cell reaction and a gas detector to control the oxidation reaction and the cell reaction are also included in the battery.    USE -   As solid polymer type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Durability and life span of the fuel battery are improved. The vehicle-mounted fuel battery is lightweight, simple in construction and enables energy conservation.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen absorbing alloy (HAA) system (1) contains a heat carrier circulatory system circulating heat carrier for HAA and performs heat exchange by heat carrier and HAA, cooler and heater (41) to cool and heat the heat carrier respectively. The heater operates selectively when, filling hydrogen in HAA and releasing hydrogen from HAA to cooler.    USE -   For vehicles of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The hydrogen absorbing alloy system is sufficient for use in vehicles of fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows front elevation of hydrogen absorbing alloy system. (1) Hydrogen absorbing alloy system; (13) End connection; (37) Heat exchanger; (41) Heater.
NOVELTY - Thermoplastic resin film (15) is laminated on base film (12) by applying tension along biaxial direction to form laminated film (18).    USE - The laminated film is useful as sealing film for solar battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The laminated film without wrinkles and air bubble is produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows (a) typical top view and (b) side view of the manufacture of laminated film.    Base film (12)    Thermoplastic resin film (15)    Laminated film (18)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (93) generates energy by using the reaction product from a modified engine (92) which acts as an internal combustion engine for a modifier and power generation and has a piston and a number of reaction chambers. The internal temperature of the reaction chambers is raised to above the self igniting temperature of material in the atmosphere in the material reaction chambers.    USE - Fuel cell for vehicles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell (93) generates energy by using the reaction product from a modified engine (92) which acts as an internal combustion engine for a modifier and power generation and has a piston performing compression and a number of reaction chambers. The internal temperature of the reaction chambers is raised to above the self igniting temperature of material in the atmosphere in the material reaction chambers by using heat from a number of heat sources and unreacted fuel for heating the material supplied to the modified engine (92) in a fuel cell system. A partial oxidation reaction enables both mechanical power and hydrogen to be produced. The mechanical power produced controls the heat balance of the system so as to increase the modifying efficiency by being used for a steam modifying reaction as a heat absorbing reaction generating much hydrogen in the other reaction chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic representation of the fuel cell system.    Modified engine (92)    Fuel cell (93)
NOVELTY - Carbon dioxide-rich (CO2) and hydrogen-rich (H2) gas stream are prepared by feeding natural gas and water (H2O) to a one-step reforming process for preparing a gas mixture comprising CO2 and H2 under supercritical conditions for H2O; and separating the gas mixture into a H2-rich and CO2-rich gas streams, respectively.    USE - For preparation of CO2-rich and H2-rich gas stream. The CO2-rich gas stream produced by the process is used for injection into marine formations. The H2-rich gas stream produced by the process is used for hydrogenation, as a source of energy/fuel in fuel cells and for production of electricity.(claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The present invention involves reduced compression costs by deposition or injection in marine formations because the CO2-rich gas mixture is taken out at an elevated pressure.
NOVELTY - A self-humidifying polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell assembly comprises a fuel flow field plate (20), and an oxidant flow field plate (22). Each plate has a flow field channel (34, 36) for flowing the reactants in countercurrent flow. At least one of the reactant is introduced in a dry non-humidified state.    USE - For use as a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell assembly.    ADVANTAGE - The invented assembly is self-humidifying and can maintain hydration of the fuel cell membrane without requiring additional components for humidifying reactant streams prior to their introduction into the fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A self-humidifying polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell assembly having an ion-exchange membrane (12) interposed between a pair of electrodes to form a membrane/electrode assembly (10) (MEA), comprises a fuel flow field plate (20), and an oxidant flow field plate (22). Each plate has a flow field channel (34, 36) for allowing the flow of the reactants in countercurrent direction adjacent the respective diffusion layers. At least one of the channels employs forced convection of the stream through the diffusion layers (14, 16). The MEA interposed between the fuel and oxidant diffusion layers. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of maintaining membrane hydration in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell comprising introducing fuel and oxidant reactants into the fuel cell through their respective inlets, where at least one reactant is introduced in a dry, non-humidified state; communicating the reactants through respective channels; and exhausting the reactants through the outlets.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a PEM fuel cell assembly of this invention.    Membrane/electrode assembly (10)    Ion-exchange membrane (12)    Diffusion layers (14, 16)    Fuel flow field plate (20)    Oxidant flow field plate (22)    Flow field channels (34, 36)
NOVELTY - A cooling subsystem includes a coolant comprising a mixture of water and a glycol solvent, and a circulation loop comprising an ion-exchange unit.    USE - For providing antifreeze and corrosion protection for a fuel cell system i.e., solid polymer fuel cell system. The fuel cell system can be used in automotive applications and back-up or remote power plants.    ADVANTAGE - Liquid-cooled fuel cell system equipped with a glycol-based cooling subsystem of this invention can be operated for a substantial period of time without suffering significant corrosion and without needing replacement or servicing of the ion exchange unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a liquid-cooled fuel cell system including a cooling subsystem of this invention; and    (b) a method of providing antifreeze and corrosion protection for a fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - A reactant flow system for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack uses single-pass or multi-pass channels in each cell. Each flow channel section has one or two adjacent sections in which the flow of reactant is in the opposite direction, so that dry regions can receive moisture from wet regions and vice versa. Reactant inlets are adjacent to the respective reactant outlets of the adjacent channel. Restrictions such as baffles are used at the inlets of all flow channels in the stack to ensure uniform reactant flow.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The counter-current flow of reactants in adjacent flow channels ensures that optimum moisture levels are maintained in the reactant flows, especially the air in the cathode flow-field channels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each cell has an oxygen reduction cathode, a fuel oxidation anode and an interposed proton-exchange electrolyte membrane. Cathode and anode flow-fields separated by a separator layer are provided between each pair of adjacent cells, the stack being configured to prevent the electrolyte membrane from drying out.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a straight, multi channel, parallel, single-pass reactant flow system of the invention.    Fuel flow channels (11)    Air flow channels carrying air in the opposite direction (16)    Outlets (14)    Inlets (12)    Flow restrictors (15)
NOVELTY - A sputter chamber (3) is attached to one of the opening of main vacuum chamber (1), to supply sputter particles to the substrate mounted on a rotating drum (5) arranged in the vacuum chamber (2). A vacuum evaporation chamber is attached to the specific opening formed at the bottom portion by the vacuum chamber, to supply vapor to the substrate.    USE - For forming chalcopyrite type structured CuInSe2 (CIS) film used in solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables manufacturing CIS group thin film of large area and with high quality, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The main vacuum chamber (1) has several openings formed on its circumference. The rotating drum is configured in the vacuum chamber, for mounting and rotating the substrate, such that its rotary axis (4) is always maintained in constant level. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compound film manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of thin film manufacturing apparatus.    Vacuum chambers (1,2)    Sputter chamber (3)    Rotary axis (4)    Rotating drum (5)
NOVELTY - A matrix material is filled in fibrous material of frame object. The fibrous and matrix materials are combined so that they satisfy the relation approximatelysB/approximatelyst at least C and C=0.0625x(S)1/2, where approximatelysB is bonding strength, approximatelyst is tensile strength and S is surface area of substrate and S=265 cm2 or more.    USE - For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Due to sufficient strength, damage at time of solar battery formation, is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing diagram of substrate.
NOVELTY - The production comprises: (a) forming a melt resin into a film shape; and (b) cooling the melt resin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Annealing the thermoplastic resin is carried out before the temperature of the thermoplastic resin is decreased to the softening point or below of the thermoplastic resin.    USE -   The method produces a thermoplastic resin film used as a sealing film for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Increasing the peripheral speed of the roller at the input side compared with that of the roller at the output side applies no high tensile force to the resin film in annealing the resin film. The result yields the good annealing and the resin film has low contraction on heating and hardening of the resin film.
NOVELTY - Calendering is applied to a crosslinking agent-containing ethylene vinyl acetate resin composition. Where, the peripheral speed of a calender roll at the output side is slower than that of a calender roll at the input side.    USE -   The method produces an ethylene vinyl acetate film used as a sealing film for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The calendering forms a film having uniform thickness. Reducing the peripheral speed of the calender roll at the output side compared with that of the calender roll at the input side prevents the calendering film from excessive drawing, depressing the contraction of the film in heating and crosslinking the film.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a set of series arranged unit cells comprising of a negative and a positive electrode. Each cell includes a separator (2) that separates the negative electrode chamber of one unit cell from the positive electrode chamber of the next unit cell. The separator has at least one intermediate plating layer (70,71) on an aluminum based substrate (6) and a noble metal layer (72) layered on plating layer.    USE - Fuel cell separator construction for use in batteries with an aluminum based substrate.    ADVANTAGE - Producing the separator from zinc, copper or tin reduces the weight of the separator and using more than one plating reduces the ionization tendency from the aluminum based substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross section of a plated layer layered on to an aluminum based substrate.    Separator (2)    Aluminum based substrate (6)    Intermediate plating layers (70,71)    Noble metal layer (72)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generator connected to a fuel cell (15) installed in a vehicle (1) as a driving force.    USE - The hydrogen generator is connected to a fuel cell that converts chemical energy into electrical energy which is used to drive a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The invention produces a sufficient amount of energy without the need for an external heat source. It is an efficient and clean process and can be used to power cars without damaging environmental effects.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen generator comprises:    (1) a reformer (13) that produces hydrogen from vapor and supplies the vapor to the fuel cell (15); and    (2) a vaporizer (11) that produces the vapor for the reformer in an amount greater than that required by the reformer to provide enough hydrogen for the fuel cell (15).    Preferred Features: The vaporizer (11) comprises:    (1) a heat source (31)    (2) a vapor tank (32) that produces vapor from water by using the heat; and    (3) a controller (33) that controls an amount of the heat generated, and thus the amount of vapor generated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system.    selective oxidizer (14)    reformer (13)    vaporizer (11)    fuel cell (15)    fuel tank (12)
NOVELTY - Water treatment system reduces the volume of water retained in a lake behind a dam following a period of very heavy rainfall. The dam (2) has a high water overflow outlet near the crown, with a regulator valve (5) to a following valve (6) to a water filter. The valve (6) is opened by specific transmission elements in accordance with the intensity of rainfall and the volume of water behind the dam.    USE - As water treatment system to produce oxygen and hydrogen for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The reduction in water volume minimizes the risk of dam overflow. A lesser volume of pure water is returned to the lake than that which was first abstracted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Excess water is drained away to a secondary storage lake in which an electrolysis module (9) breaks down water into hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen is released to the atmosphere, while hydrogen is compressed. The hydrogen is subsequently combined in a fuel cell with atmospheric oxygen to generate electricity, surrendering pure water which is of lesser volume than the original raw water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic layout of a dam.    dam (2)    regulator valve (5)    valve (6)    electrolysis module (9)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell apparatus has a condenser-type exhaust gas heat exchanger (6) producing condensed water for recycling to a reformer (4).    USE - As a fuel cell apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell apparatus employs a water circuit to reduce its water requirements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell apparatus has an upstream reformer (4) for producing hydrogen gas from a fuel gas and water, a fuel cell exhaust line (15) passing through a heat exchanger (6), a fuel cell air supply line (13) and a fuel cell electrical output line (10). The heat exchanger (6) is of condensation type with a condensate line leading to a water container (11), from which a water line (14) leads to the reformer (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell apparatus according to the invention.    Fuel cell (1)    Reformer (4)    Heat exchanger (6)    Condensate line (8)    Electrical output line (10)    Water container (11)    Air line (13)    Water line (14)    Exhaust gas line (15)
NOVELTY - Solar cell production comprises bypass diode production at the back face of a semiconductor substrate (1).    USE - For producing series-connected solar cells with bypass diodes.    ADVANTAGE - The integrated bypass diode causes no shadowing or reduction of the photoelectrically active surface, is simple to produce without affecting solar cell production and allows extremely simple electrical connection between adjacent solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Solar cell production comprises diffusing a second doping type well (2) into the back face of a first doping type semiconductor substrate (1), diffusing a first doping type island (3) into the well and then producing one or more solar cells in conventional epitaxial layers (4) on the front (light incident) face of the substrate. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar cell produced by the above process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a series connection of two solar cells.    n-type semiconductor substrate (1)    p-well (2)    n-Doped island (3)    solar cell structure (4)
NOVELTY - Polymer electrolyte membrane includes an aromatic polyether or polysulphide.    USE - Used as a polymer electrolyte membranes in fuel cells, electrolyzers or gas diffusion electrodes (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The polymer has high resistance to oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis and has very low permeability to reactants in the fuel cell. It has a high proton conductivity and mechanical strength. The polymer reduces membrane swellability in water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Polymer electrolyte membrane includes a polymer of formula (I), (II) and/or (III).    -(E-(Ar)-(phi)m-E')- (I)    -(phi-C(O)-(phi)w-G-((phi)r-C(O)-phi)s)- (II)    -(phi-SO2-(phi)z-G-((phi)t-SO2-phi)v)- (III)    m, r, s, t, v, w and z = integer    E and E' = oxygen or sulfur    G = oxygen or sulfur indirect bond or O-phi-O    phi = phenylene    Ar = diphenyl carbonyl, diphenyl sulfonyl, phenyl, naphthyl, anthraquinonyl, anthracenyl, tetraphenyl methyl, 9,9-diphenyl fluorenyl, or groups of formula (i) or (ii)    The phenyl moieties in (I), (II) and (III) are optionally substituted and optionally crosslinked.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) preparation of the polymer, by:    (a) polycondensing a compound of formula (IV), and/or    (b) polycondensing a compound of formula (IV) with a compound of formula (V) or (VI), and optionally    (c) condensing the product of (a) with the product of (b).    Y1-(Ar)-(phi)m-Y2 (IV)    X1-(phi-C(O)-(phi)w-G-((phi)r-C(O)-phi)s)-X2 (V)    X1-(phi-SO2-(phi)z-G-((phi)t-SO2-phi)v)-X2 (VI)    Y1 = halogen or AH    Y2 = halogen or A'H, A'H when Y1 = halogen    A and A' = oxygen
NOVELTY - A polycrystalline semiconductor film manufacture involves arranging an amorphous semiconductor film on a board. A phase control mask containing pattern, is formed over the semiconductor film. Melting recrystallization of semiconductor film is carried out by irradiating laser light. A large-sized seed crystal is grown by the diffraction of laser radiation.    USE - For manufacturing polycrystalline semiconductor film used in solar batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Crystal with larger diameter is easily obtained at low temperature. Melting recrystallization of the semiconductor film is carried out by irradiating laser light. Since the process temperature is low, the thin film solar battery with high efficiency is obtained easily and the manufacture is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The pattern in the mask is formed by silicon oxide film. The thickness of the mask varies in sinusoidal-wave shape. From the seed crystal, pillared crystal is grown by sputtering or chemical vapor growth. The mask controls the phase difference of incident wave of laser light.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of polycrystalline semiconductor film manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - Several convex protrusions are formed on surface of collectors (3). Single cell (1) of cell aggregates (5,6) is distributed between the collectors.    USE - Solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Due to provision of convex protrusions, contact resistance of connection is reduced, and hence battery with efficient yield is offered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of solid electrolyte fuel battery.    Single cell (1)    Collector (3)    Cell aggregates (5,6)
NOVELTY - Humidification apparatus (52,56) are respectively provided with humidification units (53,57) and switching control devices (81,83). The humidification unit adds mist to reactive gas supplied to electrolyte. Switching control device supplies high and normal temperature water stored in humidification tank (80) to humidification unit using fuel electrode tank and water storage tank (40b) of fuel battery (40).    USE - For fuel battery system used as vehicle-mounted or fixed power supply source.    ADVANTAGE - As moisture of electrolyte film is secured by humidification unit and hence temperature of fuel battery is enhanced within short time, startability of fuel battery is improved and energy efficiency of fuel battery system is enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system block diagram of fuel battery system.    Fuel battery (40)    Water storage tank (40b)    Humidification apparatus (52,56)    Humidification unit (53,57)    Humidification tank (80)    Switching control device (81,83)
NOVELTY - The humidification apparatuses (52,56) are provided with humidification units (53,57) and controllers (54,58), respectively. The humidification units add mist to reactive gas supplied to the electrolyte. The controllers enable intermittent operation of humidification units depending on the operating condition of fuel battery (40).    USE - For fuel battery system for vehicle mounted power source.    ADVANTAGE - Due to intermittent operation of humidification units, energy loss is suppressed and startability and operating stability are improved, hence operativity of motor vehicle is improved thereby fuel consumption is effectively reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system block diagram of fuel battery system.    Fuel battery (40)    Humidification apparatuses (52,56)    Humidification units (53,57)    Controllers (54,58)
NOVELTY - A hot water pipe (4) extracts hot water from liquid phase unit of vapor separator (3). Boiler (5) heats the extracted hot water, inorder to generate steam. Steam return line (6) supplies the steam generated from the boiler to vapor separator. Steam pipe (7) extracts steam from the vapor separator.    USE - Fuel battery based electricity generation installation.    ADVANTAGE - As fuel battery effectively utilizes the exhaust heat, range of heat utilization of battery installation is enlarged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel battery based electricity generation installation.    Vapor separator (3)    Hot water pipe (4)    Boiler (5)    Steam return line (6)    Steam pipe (7)
NOVELTY - A recuperator (19) collects heat from combustion exhaust gas ejected from burner side of modifier (3) and waste gas ejected from pole of a fuel battery (1). The direct contact type heat exchanger (23) condenses waste gas from recuperator to water vapor and recovered as warm water. A single usage type absorption refrigerator (21) receives warm water to carry out heating by heat exchange with cooler (10).    USE - In e.g. phosphoric acid type fuel battery driver power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE - Performs heat recovery from waste gas efficiently, thereby enabling effective operation of refrigerator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier (3) modifies gas and supplies it to the fuel electrode. An air discharge unit (6) discharges air to pole of battery. A cooler (10) cools water in the battery so that reaction temperature of battery is maintained at appropriate level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of power generating plant.    Fuel battery (1)    Modifier (3)    Air discharge unit (6)    Cooler (10)    Recuperator (19)    Single usage type absorption refrigerator (21)    Direct contact type heat exchanger (23)
NOVELTY - The fuel waste gas ejected from a modifier (3) and the exhaust air (2) ejected from fuel battery main case (1), are supplied to exhaust heat recuperator (19). Exhaust heat of fuel waste gas and exhaust air, is collected in waste gas heat exchanger. A warm water supply unit supplies warm water to refrigerator based on the collected exhaust heat.    USE - For refrigerator.    ADVANTAGE - Exhaust heat is efficiently collected from combustion exhaust gas ejected after reaction in fuel battery main body and air exhaust unit, thereby a single utility absorption refrigerator can be operated, efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel battery power generating plant.    Battery main case (1)    Exhaust air (2)    Modifier (3)    Recuperator (19)
NOVELTY - The separator (1) includes fibrous material and graphite powder which are dispersed in resin. The bending strength of separator is 30 MPa or more.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Mechanical strength of separator is improved, as the bending strength of separator is maintained to specific value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of separator for fuel battery.    Separator (1)
NOVELTY - Valves (104a,104b) are moved along the movement direction of a piston (102) inside a cylinder (101). The movable distance of the piston is larger than that of the valves. Gas seal (121) is opened or closed and gas is ejected to the external side from the gas receptacles (C,F) when opening the gas seal.    USE - For fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to control the pressure of the gas in the two gas pipelines uniformly with a simple structure. Reduces size and cost of the fuel battery system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the differential pressure control valve.    Cylinder (101)    Piston (102)    Valves (104a,104b)    Gas seal (121)    Gas receptacles (C,F)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte containing cadmium and tellurium is formed as a thin film onto a substrate by electroplating. During film formation, the potential of tellurium is maintained more than that of cadmium.    USE - For forming compound tellurium and cadmium film for use in solar battery, laser diode.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for carrying out the operation in vacuum. Improves operation efficiency as operation can be carried out at high speed and normal temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compound cadmium and tellurium semiconductor film forming device.
NOVELTY - Indium oxide which is of 85-95 weight percent in total raw material, has specific surface area value of 20 m2/g or more. A sintered compact of 83.5 % or more relative density is also included.    USE - For forming transparent electrically conductive film used for solar battery, liquid crystal display.    ADVANTAGE - Productivity is high as about 20-30 sheets per hour, thus mass production at low cost is realizable.
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte, comprising polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone in which an ion exchange group is introduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The polymer electrolyte comprise a base polymer and a polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or a polyarylene sulfone wherein an ion exchange group is introduced into the base polymer. The content of the polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone is 10 - 80 % by weight of the polymer electrolyte. The polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone has a porous film form having pores and the base polymer is present inside of the pores. The average oxidation degree X of sulfur atom in the sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-) and sulfone group (-SO2-) which is represented in the form of (-SOx-) is in the range of from 0.8 to 20. The polymer electrolyte is produced by contacting a solution comprising polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone dissolved in first solvent, with second solvent which can dissolve the polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or the polyarylene sulfone thereby shaping the polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone into the form of a porous film.    USE -   The polymer electrolyte is particularly useful for a fuel battery for automobiles.    ADVANTAGE -   S - The polymer electrolyte has excellent acid resistance, alkali resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and solvent resistance and shows good ion exchange capacity under severe conditions such as concentrated chlorine or alkali as well as high temperature oxidative atmosphere.
NOVELTY - The polymeric material is synthesized by introducing -SO2 X group into raw material, where X is fluorine or chlorine. Hydrolysis of raw material is performed using water and -SO2X group is converted into sulfonic acid group.    USE -   For solid polymer electrolyte film, comprising copolymer of carbonized fluorine group vinyl monomer and hydrocarbon group vinyl monomer having alkyl benzene group, used in fuel battery (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Use of caustic soda, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is eliminated. Cost of reaction material is inexpensive since water is used. Processing of waste liquid is avoided. Manufacturing cost is reduced.
NOVELTY - A groove (51) is provided in the filter (41) in the oxidizing agent gas flow path of the collector (1).    USE - For collecting phosphoric mixed in reactive gas ejected from fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The filter is not affected by the phosphoric acid compound. Therefore the life of filter is increased and long term continuous operation of fuel battery is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the phosphoric acid collector manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents block diagram of the phosphoric acid collector.    Collector (1)    Filter (41)    Groove (51)
NOVELTY - The resin compression of a mixture containing graphite powder and resin is carried out, in a pre-formation process at melting temperature or hardening temperature. Thermo-processing of the premolded article obtained in the pre-formation process is carried out so that the resin in the premolded article is compressed.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces electrical resistance of separator along thickness direction. Improves mechanical strength. Improves efficiency of battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of separator for battery.
NOVELTY - The interconnector board has differing thickness and surface shape.    USE - For flat plate type solid electrolyte fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The mechanical dependability is high and favorable contact with electrode is ensured. The tensile stress inside board is reduced and gas leak is prevented.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas obtained by electrolysis of water and air (containing oxygen and inert gas essentially containing nitrogen) are supplied to fuel batteries (10-12) to generate electric power. The generated and external power is used to electrolyse water to produce oxygen and hydrogen. The battery reaction is continued, deoxidizer removes oxygen contained in air, generating pure inert gas containing nitrogen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the gas separation apparatus. The apparatus is configured with a storage battery (33) for performing charging of electric power generated from fuel battery and that from external power supply, an electrolyzer (39) for performing electrolysis of water, a hydrogenation catalyst carrier for removing oxygen contained in air, dehumidification apparatus for removing water contained in hydrogenation catalyst and an oxygen adsorber containing oxygen adsorbent, for adsorbing residual oxygen in air. The electrolyzer and fuel battery are mutually connected.    USE -   For separating oxygen and nitrogen of high purity.    ADVANTAGE -   Inert gas essentially containing nitrogen gas and oxygen gas are manufactured in high purity, efficiently and economically. The operating cost and maintenance are minimum. The separation of gases can be performed at room temperature. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of gas separation apparatus. (10-12) Fuel battery; (33) Storage battery; (34) Solar battery; (39) Electrolyzer.
NOVELTY - carbon monoxide removal apparatus has a catalyst layer cell (102) with low concentration of catalyst at gas inlet side and catalyst layer cell (103) with high concentration of catalyst at the gas outlet.    USE -   For fuel batteries which utilizes hydrogen gas separated from carbon monoxide released from hydrocarbon fuel gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The fuel battery can be made small and have light weight. Control of the apparatus is easy. Carbon monoxide can be easily removed with small catalyst volume with big SV value. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (102,103) Catalyst layer cell.
NOVELTY - A controller (20) calculates electric power (Pbco) of battery (40), when fuel battery (36) is operating on carbon monoxide oxidation point, based on difference between request output (Pi) of invertor and electric power (Pco) of fuel battery, to determine output voltage (Vbco) of battery (40) accordingly. The controller controls DC-DC converter (38) to adjust output voltage of battery periodically. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (20) determines carbon monoxide oxidation point in operation area of catalyst of anode in fuel battery (36), as an operation point of fuel battery. The output electric power (Pco) of fuel battery at the operation point is computed from output electricity-output voltage characteristics corresponding to gas flow rate.    USE -   For fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces carbon monoxide poisoning efficiently by carrying out oxidation removal of adsorbed carbon monoxide forcibly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery system. (20) Controller; (36) Fuel battery; (38) DC-DC converter; (40) Battery.
NOVELTY - A cell unit (100) has ribs (311) formed inwardly to press support a cell (20) provided with a pair of electrodes on both sides of an electrolytic film in a plate so that a flow path is formed between the rib and an electrode to circulate a humidification agent. A water retention layer with a water holding capacity within 0.002-0.035 g/cm2 is formed on the rib through humidification agent is circulated.    USE - In solid state polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to moisturize electrolyte film by providing a water keeping layer. Facilitates mass production of cell by producing rib with compression molding.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The water retention layer is a porous layer consisting of a mixture of resin and carbon so that the weight ratio of a resin to carbon is within 5-40%.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of cell unit.    Cell (20)    Cell unit (100)    Ribs (311)
NOVELTY - Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operation, comprises excess hydrocarbon fuel supply combined with minimized oxygen supply to achieve almost identical inlet and outlet temperatures.    USE - For operating an SOFC fuel cell to produce current and a H2- and CO-enriched off-gas for supply to a further fuel cell or for other purposes, e.g. a downstream gas or steam turbine process.    ADVANTAGE - The process allows almost isothermal operation of the fuel cell by use of excess fuel supply together with minimized oxygen supply, so that the heat absorption of the endothermic reaction is more closely matched with the heat production by the exothermic reaction and additional cooling is not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) operating process comprises (a) internal endothermic reaction of a hydrocarbon-containing fuel directly at the anode; (b) partial conversion of the resulting synthesis gas into current by an exothermic electrochemical reaction; and (c) supply of excess fuel to the fuel cell such that the fuel utilization is less than 40 (preferably less than 30)% at a predetermined average current density, the inlet/outlet temperature difference of the anodic and cathodic spaces is at most 20 (preferably at most 10) degrees C and/or the oxygen supply is almost stoichiometric relative to the requirement for fuel cell current generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a current and hydrogen production flow scheme for a fuel cell operating process according to the invention.
NOVELTY - A monomer-grafted cross-linked polymer is prepared by activating the polymer through irradiation; quenching the activated polymer to affect cross-linking; activating the cross-linked polymer; and contacting the activated cross-linked polymer with an emulsion containing unsaturated monomer, emulsifier and water for a time sufficient to affect the desired extent of grafting.    USE - The invention is used in the preparation of a monomer-grafted cross-linked polymer which can be used as a non-ionic exchange membranes or ion-selective exchange membranes. The membranes can be used in electrodialysis, dialysis, Donnan dialysis and energy systems like batteries, redox cells and fuel cells. The ion exchanged membrane is used in an electrochemical cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention does not require the use of an organic solvent and which does not result in significant homopolymerization of the monomer but which provides a uniform graft of a monomer throughout a polymer within a reasonable reaction time at a low reaction temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a monomer-grafted cross-linked polymer and    (B) an ion exchanged membrane for use in an electrochemical cell.
NOVELTY - A powder of metal-carbon composite particles comprises spherical particles of weight average size 0.1-20 micron, preferably 5 micron maximum, containing at least 3 wt.% carbon. The particles are manufactured by heating an aerosol of liquid droplets containing precursors of the metal and carbon in a carrier gas, preferably at 500-1000 degreesC.    USE - The composite particles are useful in electrocatalytic devices such as batteries and fuel cells such as rechargeable zinc-air batteries; and in fabrication of conductive traces and touch pads for electronic devices by thick film screen-printing, ink jet printing, micro-pen application, slurry deposition etc.    ADVANTAGE - The composite particles are produced with a high degree of control over particle size, particle size distribution, weight loading of metal and carbon and particle uniformity. The particles can be produced in large amounts on a continuous basis.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) A thick film screen-printing paste comprising the above composite particles containing at least 50 wt.% metal phase and at least 3 wt.% carbon, binder and organic vehicle.    (2) An electrocatalytic device comprising a layer of the above composite particles.    (3) Method for forming an electrocatalytic device.    (4) Method for forming a conductive trace on a substrate using the composite particles in a liquid vehicle e.g. a thick-film paste.
NOVELTY - A new packing material which is coated on the periphery of one side of a separator of solid polymer fuel cells comprises a liquid silicon rubber which is given by reacting specific siloxane compounds in a manner that the ratio of vinyl group/methyl group becomes 0.1- 0.6 and the ratio of hydrogen group/vinyl group becomes 1.5-3.5.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A new packing material which is coated on the periphery of one side of a separator of solid polymer fuel cells comprises a liquid silicon rubber which is given by reacting solution-A and solution-B of formula (1) in a manner that the ratio of vinyl group/methyl group becomes 0.1-0.6 and the ratio of hydrogen group/vinyl group becomes 1.5-3.5.    Formula (1)-p    (m+n) = 50-2,000; (m'+n') = 8-98; l = larger than m'    USE -   As a packing sealing separators of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE -   The new packing material has improved heat resistance and moldability, providing excellent elasticity over a long time.
NOVELTY - A cooling unit (4) which cools the modified gas is provided between a modifying unit (2) and CO removal unit (3). The modifying unit converts hydrocarbon type fuel to modified gas which consists of hydrogen. The CO removal unit removes CO from the modified gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cooling unit is a heat exchanger in which a coolant is circulated to control the temperature of the modified gas. A flow regulation valve is provided in the coolant circulation pipeline of the heat exchanger to control the flow of coolant. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel battery system which generate electricity using the modified gas.    USE -   The improver converts hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen gas which is used by fuel battery system for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the improver has CO removal unit, the CO is removed efficiently and the fuel battery system is light in weight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the fuel battery system. (2) Modifying unit; (3) CO removal unit; (4) Cooling unit.
NOVELTY - The solar battery cell (5) in between the transparent glass (2) and backside film (6), is sealed with filler (3) containing ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. The vertical and horizontal cut dimension of filler before lamination is setup smaller than that of the glass. The vertical and horizontal cut dimension of the backside film before lamination, is setup larger than that of the glass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module.    USE -   For manufacturing solar battery module installed on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves finishing accuracy by processing end face of backside film and transparent glass with high accuracy and hence productivity is improved. Generation of inferior solar battery module is avoided by avoiding usage of EVA with bad adhesive property. Avoids generation of burr by avoiding leakage of filler and hence processing in fusion reactor is avoided and reduces labor involved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows exploded perspective view of solar battery module. (2) Transparent glass; (3) Filler; (5) Solar battery cell; (6) Backside film.
NOVELTY - Platinum alloy catalyst contains 40-60 atom % Pt, 10-20 atom % Rh and 20-50 atom % Fe in the form of alloying particles of average diameter of less than 10 nm on an electrically conducting carbon support.    USE - Used as electrocatalyst for anodes and/or cathodes in fuel cells, preferably phosphoric acid fuel cells and polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is more active and stable    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of a Pt alloy catalyst comprising: (a) preparing a support suspension of the carbon support in water; (b) heating the suspension to the boiling point and maintaining at that temperature during the following steps; (c) adding aqueous solutions of hexachloroplatinic acid and rhodium chloride and also iron nitrate; precipitating out Pt, Rh and Fe by slowly adding caustic soda; (e) reducing the precipitated out compounds by adding an aqueous reductant; (f) removing the catalyst from the aqueous phase of the suspension; (g) drying the catalyst; (h) calcining the catalyst in an inert atmosphere at 700-1000o C for 0.5-2 hours; and (i) reducing the temperature from 700 to 500o C for a further 0.5-2 hours.
NOVELTY - Ceramic laminate material comprising at least one dense layer of a perovskite material and at least one layer of a dense non-perovskite material and/or at least one layer of a dense superstructural perovskite material.    USE - Ceramic laminate material or compositional graded ceramic for use in the production of ion and/or electron conducting ceramic products. For solid oxide fuel cell cathode, mixed electronic/ionic conductive membranes, oxidation catalyst, and sensor.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor-device-producing substrate comprises semiconductor granular crystals (2-1,2-2,2-3) or semiconductor-coated granular crystals arranged in at least one layer on a semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor-coated substrate having a flat or uneven surface (3). The granular crystals are connected and fixed to one another and to the substrate through the semiconductor film.    USE - Substrate used for producing a semiconductor device e.g. a photoelectric conversion device such as a solar cell, a light emitting diode.    ADVANTAGE - Inexpensive and good quality substrate having a large-area surface layer is obtained. High efficiency can be obtained on the basis of a light containment effect due to the large-area light- receiving surface and 3D structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMs are also included for (a) a photoelectric conversion device, (b) a method of producing a semiconductor-device-producing substrate, and (c) a method of producing the above device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the structure of a substrate for producing a semiconductor device.    Semiconductor granular crystals (2-1,2-2,2-3)    Uneven surface (3)    Connection points (4-1,4-2,4-3)
NOVELTY - Crystalline semiconductor layer production, by recrystallization annealing before or after detaching a porous layer formed on a semiconductor substrate.    USE - In the production of electronic and optoelectronic components, especially solar cells or photodetectors, thin film transistors, sensors, micromechanical components or systems, ICs or radiation resistant components.    ADVANTAGE - The process allows production of a thin (submicron to a few tens of mum thick), crystalline, quasi-crystalline or quasi-monocrystalline semiconductor layer on any desired substrate in a reduced number of process steps and at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electronic component having a crystalline semiconductor layer produced by the above process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a stage in the process of the invention.    Initial substrate (20)    Reception substrate (25)    Recrystallized layer (26)
NOVELTY - Solid polymer fuel cell system includes a battery body having a cell stack formed by laminating single cells having solid polymer electrolyte thin films. The battery body has a temperature-humidity exchange part which contacts reacted gas which the cell stack passed and non-reaction gas before passing the cell stack via a water-retaining porous material. The temperature of the non-reaction gas is lower that of the reacted gas.    USE - Used as solid polymer-type fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Drying of the solid polymer electrolyte film is prevented by effecting temperature/humidity exchange. Compaction by the simplification of the system is possible. Reduction of voltage due to CO poisoning is possible. The system is highly efficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the solid polymer type fuel cell system.    Separator (5)    Temperature/Humidity Exchange Part (10)    Gas Gap (11a,11b)    Gas Gap (12a,12b)    Gap (13c)    Porous Material (14)    Reacted Gas (100)    Unreacted Gas (101)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell comprising two electrodes separated by an electrolyte for conversion of a fuel and an oxidant to a reaction product. The electrode(s) includes a catalyst comprising an oxide support containing gold in a catalytically effective form. The fuel is methanol or methane.    USE - For power generation, especially used to power a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The gold-based catalyst is cost effective compared to platinum. The gold-based catalyst also exhibit high conversion of the fuel as compared to platinum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of oxidizing methanol or methane of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A catalyst in a fuel cell electrode comprises alternating layers of catalyst material containing platinum and oxygen and catalyst material containing ruthenium and oxygen.    USE - As a catalyst for a membrane electrode assembly for fuel cells (claimed), sensors, electrolyzers, chlor-alkali separators, etc.    ADVANTAGE - High catalyst surface-to-volume ratios are achieved, catalyst compositions and morphology are controllable, CO tolerance is increased and performance is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for a fuel cell and fuel cell membrane electrode assembly comprising the catalyst above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A scheme of the apparatus is shown.
NOVELTY - Raw fuel is supplied to desulfurization reaction portion (DRP) (3) by fuel supply device (1) to remove sulfur. Inert gas (2) is supplied to the DRP by inert gas supply device which is equipped with a switch. The supply of fuel to DRP is stopped, when DRP and modification reaction device (MRD) (4) are suspended. Hydrogen rich modified gas is formed from the desulfurized raw fuel in MRD.    USE -   For fuel batteries and electricity generation systems.    ADVANTAGE -   The improver suppresses deterioration and excessive usage of catalyst in DRP.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING) - The figure shows the improver. (1) Fuel supply device; (2) Inert gas supply device; (3) Desulfurization reaction portion; (4) Modification reaction device.
NOVELTY - A solar battery module comprising several solar battery elements (1) connected electrically by an interconnector (2) is provided. The interconnector connects using a conductive wire (8) which is drawn from the output hole (4) provided with heat fusible resin packing material (5).    USE - For e.g. super straight type and substrate type solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Yield of product is high and productivity is improved. Damages of construction materials are prevented. Reduction of water-proof property is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows substrate type solar battery.    Solar battery element (1)    Inter connector (2)    Output hole (4)    Packing material (5)    Conductive wire (8)
NOVELTY - A multilayered protective layer (10) comprised by ultraviolet blockage layer (1) and a pollution protection layer (2) is laminated on light receiving surface of solar battery element (5). The ultraviolet blockage layer has ultraviolet absorber and resin binder.    USE - The solar battery module used in electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The adherence of dust to solar battery module is prevented and the deterioration of ultraviolet blockage layer is prevented since pollution protection layer is formed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the basic conceptual diagram of cross-section of solar battery module.    Ultraviolet blockage layer (1)    Pollution protection layer (2)    Solar battery element (5)    Multilayered protective layer (10)
NOVELTY - The n-type hydrogenation amorphous silicon layer (107) is formed between the reflecting electrode (108) and n-type hydrogenation fine crystal silicon layer (106).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For fine crystal silicon thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Operating characteristics is improved by increase in band gap of amorphous material than the band gap in fine crystal material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of the fine crystal silicon solar battery. (106) N-type hydrogenation fine crystal silicon layer; (107) N-type hydrogenation amorphous silicon layer; (108) Reflecting electrode.
NOVELTY - Several cells (9) are stacked and laminated to form a battery cell stack (10), which is held between a pair of end plates (1). The end plates pinching the battery cell stack are fastened together by the bolts (3). Helical spring (13) is mounted at both ends of the central bolt to add pressure in the lamination direction.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Secures pressure at central area of the battery cell stack by providing springs. Increases battery voltage efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of secondary battery cell stack.    End plates (1)    Bolts (3)    Battery cells (9)    Battery cell stack (10)
NOVELTY - The unused hydrogen ejected from fuel battery stack (11) is occluded by hydrogen absorbing alloy tanks (14,15). The stored hydrogen is released and supplied to fuel battery stack, when required.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Supplies hydrogen to fuel battery stack at the time of starting, thus starting time is shortened sharply. Runs modifies stably, even during fluctuation of load current. Utilizes hydrogen in modify gas effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery system.    Fuel battery stack (11)    Hydrogen absorbing alloy tanks (14,15)
NOVELTY - The modifier (3) has a combustion unit (2) which supplies heat to a gas generator (1). The generator produces hydrogen rich reformed gas using original fuel. The flow rate of original fuel supplied to the gas generator is fixed and depending on the output of the fuel battery (4) which generates electricity using gas from the modifier, the supply flow rate of fuel for combustion is controlled.    USE - For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since a cheap ON-OFF valve is used, implementation cost is reduced. Since the fuel for combustion and original fuel for modifier are combined, the composition of electricity generation system is simplified. Since fuel flow rate is based on load fluctuation of battery, complicated control is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline diagram of the fuel battery type electricity generation system.    Generator (1)    Combustion unit (2)    Modifier (3)    Fuel battery (4)
NOVELTY - Maximum output value of fuel battery (6) is calculated, based on the detected original fuel formation state data in field fuel formation apparatus. Depending on the calculated maximum output value, the output of fuel battery is controlled.    USE - Fuel battery based electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Stable continuous running of fuel battery based electricity generation system with high dependability is enabled, even when the composition and amount of formation of original fuel fluctuate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel based electricity generation system.    Fuel battery (6)
NOVELTY - A measurement unit measures the pressure of the fuel such as digestive gas, biogas, etc, supplied to fuel electrode. Based on the measured pressure value (16), optimum electricity generation load in fuel battery (10) is computed. A control unit (5') controls the electricity generation load of battery to optimum value, by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied to the electrode.    USE - For fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Since electricity can be generated by consuming whole quantity of fuel, fluctuations and restrictions in the supply amount are prevented. An optimum usable system can be built up with much more high efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel battery electricity generation system.    Control unit (5')    Fuel battery (10)    Pressure value (16)
NOVELTY - A gas introduction pipe (4) has its one end distribution in underwater in the container (1). A humidification gas extraction pipe (5) is incorporated in the upper portion of the container. A heater (6) is distributed to the periphery of the container, to actuate the gas molecules so as to get humidified gas.    USE - For solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Humidification of heating gas or oxidizing agent gas in a humidifier is performed with stability. The fuel battery has stability, due to high electricity generation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of reaction gas humidifier.    Container (1)    Gas introduction pipe (4)    Humidification gas extraction pipe (5)    Heater (6)
NOVELTY - The fuel battery output changes in response to load fluctuation. A controller (5) controls the supply flow rate of fuel to modifier (3) depending on battery output so that unused waste gas ejection from battery (4) remains constant.    USE -   In fuel battery power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   The control mechanism eliminates complicated control method, thereby fuel supply is controlled easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows fuel battery power generation system. (3) Modifier; (4) Battery; (5) Controller.
NOVELTY - An air supply apparatus for fuel battery cell (5), supplies air to deoxygenation film (1) that concentrates oxygen in air. The air supply apparatus is used in conjunction with any one of the air supply apparatuses in plant.    USE - Fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Any one or more of in-plant air supply apparatus for ventilation, in-plant air discharging apparatus for ventilation, air supply apparatus for modifier, air supply apparatus for collection of water deaeration units, air supply apparatus for battery cooling or battery cooling water circulating pumps, become unnecessary, as a result installation cost and size of plant are reduced. Overall efficiency is enhanced by reducing power loss.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows systematic block diagram of fuel battery electricity generation system.    Deoxygenation film (1)    Fuel battery cell (5)
NOVELTY - Coil conducting wire (13) is wound on a heat exchanger tube (11). One end of the conducting wire is covered by insulated coating. The other end of the conducting wire is connected to holder (12) which holds the heat exchanger tube, via ampere meter (14) and power supply (15) which detect the electronic conduction of the circuit. Coolant is circulated through the tube.    USE - Fuel battery with phosphoric acid infiltration detection function.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances durability of fuel battery, as corrosion of heat exchanger tube due to permeation of phosphoric acid is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cooling plate in fuel battery.    Heat exchanger tube (11)    Holder (12)    Coil conducting wire (13)    Ampere meter (14)    Power supply (15)
NOVELTY - Several projections (15) are made to protrude from surface (14) and are made to contact with electrode (12). The bulged portion (16) is formed on the upper portion of projections in contact with the electrode.    USE - For use in polymeric electrolyte film-type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Contact area is enlarged without reducing the volume of gas passage way formed among projection.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for collector manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial top view and expanded sectional view of collector.    Electrode (12)    Surface (14)    Projections (15)    Bulged portion (16)
NOVELTY - Fuel gas passageway and oxidizing agent gas passageway (2) are provided on either sides of the separator (1). Cooling water flow path (4) is provided on both ends of the separator as a double sided gas passageway.    USE - For fuel battery in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the length of the laminate direction of the separator is shortened, fuel battery is reduced in size.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the cathode surface of separator.    Separator (1)    Oxidizing agent gas passageway (2)    Cooling water flow path (4)
NOVELTY - Primary contact boards (1A-1C) touch electrode-electrolyte aggregate and secondary contact boards (3A-3C) touch a separator. Primary and secondary contact boards are connected by beams (2A-2C).    USE - Solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Thermal stress due to difference in amount of thermal expansion of electrode-electrolyte aggregate and separator, is relieved, thereby avoids generation of crack in electrode-electrolyte aggregate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view and sectional drawing of flow path construction element of solid electrolyte fuel battery.    Primacy contact boards (1A-1C)    Beams (2A-2C)    Secondary contact boards (3A-3C)
NOVELTY - The electrode surfaces of a pair of electrodes (11) having electrolyte film (12) interposed between them is contacted with the separator (20) which has gas passageway (21) for supplying gas. The separator has metallic material (40) with 3-dimensional network as base material having fine gaps filled with conductive resin (50).    USE - For fuel battery cells.    ADVANTAGE - The separator has excellent mechanical strength and high conductivity. The separator excels in productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of separator which involves mounting the metallic material in a shaping die (30) which has convex area for forming flow paths. The gaps in the metallic material is filled with conductive resin for forming flow path. The shaping die is subsequently heated and pressed to form the separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the fuel battery cell.    Electrodes (11)    Electrolyte film (12)    Separator (20)    Gas passage way (21)    Shaping die (30)    Metallic material (40)    Conductive resin (50)
NOVELTY - The separator (2) contacts flat electrode (6) of cell (1) and forms a gas passageway (7) in metal plate (9) of low electrical resistance. An amorphous carbon film (10) is coated over the metal plate to form a gas passageway formation surface (9). Hydrogen content CH' of carbon film is in the range of 1-20atom%.    USE - For stack fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Separator with favorable electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance is obtained cheaply. Moreover the peeling resistance of amorphous carbon film is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembled isometric view of fuel battery.    Cell (1)    Separator (2)    Flat electrodes (6)    Gas passageway (7)    Metal plate (9)    Amorphous carbon film (10)
NOVELTY - The air pole hanger tube consists of Ln1-xMx and 1-aMnO3 where x' is in the range 0.1 at most x at most 0.5 and a' is in the range 0 at most a at most 0.1. Ln consists of La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm. M consists of Sr and Ca. Deviation in amount of gas permeability along perpendicular direction the tube is 20% or less.    USE - The air pole hanger tube is used for solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses electrolyte film thickness deviation to 5% or less and electricity is generated uniformly for each cell. Prevents crack generation resulting from thermal stress due to heat spot of cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for air pole hanger tube manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - An aqueous solution containing specified amount of lanthanum, calcium, chromium and oxygen is heated. The pressure is applied to the resulting powder and obtained pressed powder is calcined. Calcium doped lanthanum chromite powder (LCC) with specific formula is obtained.    USE - As interconnector for solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method increases the degree of sintering of the ceramic powder and enhances the conductivity of LCC at high temperature. The process is also simple.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An aqueous solution containing specified amount of lanthanum, calcium, chromium and oxygen is heated. The pressure is applied to the resulting powder and obtained pressed powder is calcined. Calcium doped lanthanum chromite powder of formula (La1-xCax)CrO3 (0 less than xat most0.4) is obtained.
NOVELTY - The fuel improver has modifying chamber in which modification catalyst layer (38) is arranged. The fuel to be modified is burnt in the combustion chamber (46) which is in communication with modifying chamber (36). The combustion mechanism (44) is provided with an injector (48) through which atomized fuel is supplied into the interior of the modifying chamber.    USE - For modifying gas containing hydrocarbon into gas containing hydrogen for fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel for modification is supplied instantaneously into the modifying chamber even under heavy load conditions. The spraying nozzle atomizes fuel to combustor and fuel insufficiency is not observed as fuel is continuously supplied and vaporized. The fuel improver has simple construction and functions efficiently with good response to load fluctuations in the fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the modifier contained in the fuel improver.    Modifying chamber (36)    Catalyst layer (38)    Combustion mechanism (44)    Combustion chamber (46)    Injector (48)
NOVELTY - The fuel modifier has a chamber (36) with modification catalyst layers (38,40). The modifier has inner case and outer case (88) with space (90) inbetween for heat insulation. An air blower supplies air for oxidation reaction in a direction opposite to gas flow inside chamber through outer case, outer wall of inner case and the space.    USE - For fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE - Heat retention of modification catalyst inside the chamber, is enabled by the heat insulation effect of the space inbetween the inner and outer cases. Heat consumption is reduced and the rigidity of the modifier is raised. So a light weight modifier is economically manufactured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-section explanatory drawing of fuel modifier.    Chamber (36)    Modification catalyst layers (38,40)    Outer case (88)    Space (90)
NOVELTY - A fuel improver has modifying chamber (36) in which modification catalyst layers (38,40) are arranged for modifying hot gas containing hydrocarbon into gas containing hydrogen. Introduction holes (70) are provided for transferring gas into the modifying chamber and distributor (80,82) is arranged in the flow direction upper stream side of the heating gas.    USE - For modifying gas containing hydrocarbon into gas contain hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Uniform passage of gas is enabled. The installation is compact and uniform load is given to all areas of the modification catalyst layers. Gas modification reaction is performed smoothly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional drawing of the modifier.    Modifying chamber (36)    Modification catalyst layers (38,40)    Feed hopper (60)    Flow path chamber (66)    Wall part (68)    Introductory hole (70)    Distributor (80,82)    Gas passage way formation means (86)
NOVELTY - A fuel modifier (26) has catalyst layers (38,40) placed in a chamber (36). A supply unit (42) supplies the fuel to be modified along with water vapor and oxygen to the chamber to perform oxidation and modification reaction simultaneously in the catalyst layer. The catalyst layer is like doughnut in which the surface direction is orthogonal to the gas flow direction.    USE - For improving fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Oxidation and modification reaction are performed simultaneously and the side of the apparatus is reduced. Modified gas containing hydrogen is obtained economically.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal direction extension of the modifier for the fuel improvement.    Fuel modifier (26)    Chamber (36)    Catalyst layers (38,40)    Supply unit (42)    Combustion mechanism (44,46)    Air nozzle (52)    Gas supply flow path (68)    Cover portion (86)
NOVELTY - Thin metal plate is formed with specific shaped silicone resin layer at least on one side, by spraying silicone resin from a nozzle.    USE - For use as cushioning material, packing material or spacer for electric and electronic components and as separator for fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids need for burr removal process for silicone resin layer, by injection molding of silicone resin. The silicone resin coated metal composite is excellent in production efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for silicone resin coated metal composite manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - A cooling plate (12) is interposed between the cell blocks (13) which are formed by laminating unit cell (1). A thermo sensor (15A) provided to the unit cell, which exist at the center of the cell block.    USE - For fuel battery laminate.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly of fuel battery is easy, thereby provides low cost fuel battery laminate. The electrolyte insufficiency is detected at early stage, thereby damage of the cell is prevented and hence reliable fuel battery laminate is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrolyte replenishment time detection method of fuel battery laminate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery laminate.    Laminating unit cell (1)    Cooling plate (12)    Cell block (13)    Thermo sensor (15A)
NOVELTY - Multiple semiconductor substrates of fixed form with uniform thickness are joined at their end faces and sealed by insulating cement to form composite semiconductor substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of composite semiconductor substrate. Semiconductor grains or aggregates are immersed into insulating cement accommodated in a heat-resistant container, maintained under vacuum or normal pressure. The container is heated to melt the insulating cement and subsequently cooled to perform coagulation of insulating cement. The obtained solid semiconductor composite is cut into the shape of a sheet or thin plate. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: Alternatively, multiple semiconductor substrates having uniform thickness are arranged one above the other so that clearance between the substrates is minimized. Liquid insulating cement having thermoplastic property is poured into the clearances and cooling coagulation is carried out. If the insulating cement has thermosetting property, then heat hardening is carried out to unify the end faces of the substrates. Preferred Compounds: The substrate is single crystal and/or polycrystalline semiconductor substrates. The insulating cement is glass or organic polymer. The thickness of the composite semiconductor substrate ranges between 10 m to 1mm.    USE -   For solar battery, various sensor and optical devices such as light emitting diode, electroluminescence and semiconductor laser.    ADVANTAGE -   Semiconductor substrates of arbitrary shape can be manufactured. Dimension of the substrate is controlled. Manufacturing cost is reduced. Environmental pollution is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows composite semiconductor substrate. (10) Composite semiconductor substrate; (11) Semiconductor substrate; (12) Insulating cement
NOVELTY - A conductive film (2), cadmium-sulfide film (3) and cadmium telluride film (4) are sequentially formed on a substrate (1). A metallic mask (7) of predetermined pattern having several vents is placed on cadmium telluride film that exposes through the vents and is removed resulting in patterning of cadmium telluride film.    USE -   In manufacture of solar batteries for electric power application purpose.    ADVANTAGE -   The selective removal of cadmium telluride film through mask openings prevents damage causing to conductive film. Inexpensive and high efficiency solar battery is manufactured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional diagram explaining solar battery manufacture. (2) Conductive film; (3) Cadmium sulfide film; (4) Cadmium telluride film; (7) Metallic mask.
NOVELTY - The n-electrode structure (30) is a sequential lamination of metal layer (31) having favorable ohmic contact, refractory metal layer probably aluminum (32) and tin or indium layer (33). The n-electrode is bonded to reverse surface of substrate (10) having a contact layer (40).    USE -   In LEDs, LD, SLD, photo sensor, solar battery, transistor and power devices.    ADVANTAGE -   The n-electrode structure with favorable ohmic property maintains a firm adhesion with substrate, thus enables usage in severe conditions. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional diagram of semiconductor laser element. (10) Substrate; (30) n-electrode structure; (31) Metal layer; (32) Aluminum; (33) Indium layer; (40) Contact layer.
NOVELTY - A protective film (3) is formed partially on a nitride semiconductor (2) grown over a heterogeneous substrate (1). The areas of nitride semiconductor without the protection film are removed by etching, to form mesa-shaped projections. A protective film (4) is formed entirely over the projections and flat surface of nitride semiconductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A p-type and n-type nitride semiconductor (5) is formed over the protective film (4).    USE -   For manufacturing nitride semiconductor wafer for electronic devices such as transistors, light emitting diodes, laser diodes, solar battery, photo sensor, FET, HEMT, light receiving elements, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   A nitride semiconductor device with favorable durability characteristic, extended reverse breakdown voltage and greater life time can be obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model sectional view of a nitride semiconductor wafer. (1) Heterogeneous substrate; (2,5) Nitride semiconductor; (3,4) Protective films.
NOVELTY - Thin film is formed on a peeling film (3) `provided with the windows (4) for epitaxial growth and arranged on a single crystal substrate (1). The peeling film is etched and removed to isolate semiconductor thin film from the substrate.    USE -   For thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electricity generation property by improving crystallinity of semiconductor thin film by performing complete epitaxial growth. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of thin film during various manufacturing stages. (1) Single crystal substrate; (3) Peeling film; (4) Windows.
NOVELTY - Thin film (3) of amorphous silicon or polycrystalline silicon is formed on substrate (1) coated with textile glass yarn. Annealing of the silicon of thin film is performed at 600-800 C resulting in an epitaxial growth. Silicon films (4,5) are sequentially formed on the epitaxial growth, that together forms the thin film (6) for solar batteries.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Thin film formation is performed by a simple procedure, as only a scanning annealing at low temperature is performed. The zone melting etc performed in conventional procedure is no more required. Hence thin film is cheaply manufactured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory diagram of thin film formation. (1) Substrate; (3) Thin film of amorphous silicon; (4,5) Silicon films; (6) Thin film for solar batteries.
NOVELTY - Nanostructure production comprises ion sputter etching of a compound semiconductor material surface with noble gas ions, is new.    USE - For producing optical or electronic components, especially with quantum dot multilayers, or for nanotexturing of surfaces to increase the efficiency of LEDs or solar cells (claimed), especially for quantum dot or quantum wire structures as active media in semiconductor lasers or in tunnel devices.    ADVANTAGE - Compared with prior art lithographic processes (electron beam, photo- or AFM lithography), self-organized epitaxial growth processes or epitaxial growth on pre-structured or highly indicated surfaces, the new process provides self-organized ion sputtering for producing nanostructures of higher density and narrower size distribution and can be carried out in industrial ion etching units for homogeneous, large area nanostructuring, texturing or quantum dot production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Regular nanostructures, especially regular pyramidal and wave structures, with a narrow size distribution and dimensions (height and diameter or width) of 2-100 (especially 10-60) nm, are produced on semiconductor surfaces by vacuum ion sputter etching of a preferably two component compound semiconductor material surface with optionally neutralized noble gas ions directed at an energy of 10-50 000 (especially 50-2000) eV from an ion source onto the surface. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for carrying out the above process. Preferred Features: The compound semiconductor material is GaSb, GaP, InP or InSb. The ions are Ar+ ions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a sputter unit for optical component manufacture.    sample holder (24)    sample (26)    ion source (40)    vacuum chamber (44)
NOVELTY - Use of an alkali-free silicon, magnesium and heavy alkaline earth metal oxide mixture, for a high thermal expansion coefficient glass-ceramic joint material, is new.    USE - Used as a joint material in a high temperature fuel cell (claimed) or more generally as a glass-ceramic solder for joining metals, alloys and/or other materials having a thermal expansion coefficient (at 20-950 degrees C) of about 12x10-6 K-1.    ADVANTAGE - The material has a high temperature of use (up to at least 950 degrees C, especially up to 1100 degrees C), a uniform thermal expansion coefficient of at least 10x10-6 K-1 (especially 12x10-6 K-1) and good insulating properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An alkali-free oxide mixture, containing 35-55% SiO2, 20-50% MgO and at least 5% total (not more than 15% each) of one or more of CaO, SrO and BaO, is used as a glass-ceramic joint material or for producing such a material having a thermal expansion coefficient of at least 10x10-6 K-1 for high temperature use.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell module has an anode (12) fixed to its current collector (40) by a solder (38).    USE - As a fuel cell module, e.g., of solid oxide fuel cell type.    ADVANTAGE - The soldered joint has excellent electrical conductivity and provides a permanent and solid contact between the anode and its current collector in a simple and inexpensive manner without the need for external pressure application.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of a fuel cell module by applying solder (38) to the desired contact points on the anode (12) and/or its current collector (40), soldering the components together, assembling the fuel cells (10) and the current collectors (40) and sealing the gas spaces in front of the anodes (12) and cathodes (16).    Preferred Features: The solder comprises a paste of iron, copper, nickel, silver or their oxides, preferably with titanium and/or titanium hydride addition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell module according to the invention.    Fuel cell (10)    Anode (12)    Cathode (16)    Solder (38)    Current collector (40)
NOVELTY - A method for making solar cells of amorphous silicon by silk screen printing a carbon slurry used to form carbon film layer as the back electrode of low light solar cell of amorphous silicon. It is suitable for inner and outer connected solar cells.    USE -   Manufacture of amorphous silicon solar cells.    ADVANTAGE -   The low light solar cells feature high and stable electric properties, high firmness of electrode, high weldability, better appearance quality and low cost of production.
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic device (20) has a zinc stannate layer (26) interposing between the semiconductor layer (28) and the transparent conducting oxide (TCO) contact layer (24).    USE - The device is used as a thin film in solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The CdS/CdTe heterojunction photovoltaic device has improved electrical, mechanical, and optical properties. Localized TCO/CdTe junctions or shunts in CdS/CdTe heterojunction device are minimized or eliminated. Adhesion between layers is improved. Adverse effects of a chemical etching step used prior to application of metallized back contacts in CdS/CdTe heterojunction devices are minimized or eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photovoltaic device includes a substrate; a film of TCO disposed on the substrate; a film of zinc stannate (Zn2SnO4) disposed on the film of TCO and a thin film of two or more layers of semiconductor materials forming p/n or p/i/n junction disposed on the film of Zn2SnO4 and an electrically conductive film disposed on the thin film of semiconductor materials to form an electrical contact to the thin film.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of fabricating a photovoltaic device by (a) depositing a film of TCO onto a substrate; (b) depositing a film of Zn2SnO4 onto the film of TCO; (c) depositing a thin-film of dissimilar conducting material that together form a p/n or p/i/n junction; and (d) depositing an electrically conductive film onto the thin film of the semiconductor materials to provide an a electrical contact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic device of the present invention.    Photovoltaic device (20)    TCO layer (24)    Zn2SnO4 layer (26)    CdS/CdTe layer (28)
NOVELTY - Activated material powder is formed without further mechanical processing by introducing hydrogen gas into the reaction vessel (10) at 15-100 psi to simultaneously hydrogenate and cool the activated material to less than 60 degreesC to obtain a hydrogen concentration in the activated material. Hydrogenation forms a powder in which 90 % of the particles are less than 250 microns.    USE - The invention is used for forming a powder of an activated material that is used as the negative electrode material of rechargeable electrochemical, hydrogen storage cells.    ADVANTAGE - The invented method allows the formation of a powder of a hydrogen storage cell without the need for further mechanical processing following the hydriding/dehydriding step.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for controlling powder formation of an electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy, which comprises controlling powder yield pursuant to the relationship, Power yield = (Factor of loading)(Factor of pressure)(Factor of hydrogenation temperature), where Factors of loading, pressure, and hydrogenation temperature are 0.95-0.85, 1-0.84, and 1-0.11, respectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic illustration of a reaction vessel utilized in the powder formation process.    Reaction vessel (10)
NOVELTY - Ambient pressure fuel cell system includes a fuel stack comprising fuel cells having membrane/electrode assemblies (MEA's) (24) that are hydrated with liquid water, and bipolar plates (26) with anode and cathode channels for respectively distributing hydrogen fuel gas and water to the anode side and air with reactant oxygen to a cathode side.    USE - The system of this invention is useful as hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, and more particularly, to polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The system of this invention has fully hydrated membranes that overcomes the problems inherent in pressurized fuel cells using humidified reactant gases. The system of this invention uses direct liquid hydration at ambient pressure to produce a simple, low-parasitic power system and to provide direct evaporative-cooling from high volume ambient pressure air flow.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Ambient pressure fuel cell system includes a fuel stack comprising of fuel cells having membrane/electrode assemblies (MEA's) that are hydrated with liquid water, and bipolar plates with anode and cathode channels for respectively distributing hydrogen fuel gas and water to the anode side and air with reactant oxygen to a cathode side. The system also includes a liquid water supply to the fuel cells for hydrating the MEA's, a hydrogen fuel gas supply, and near-ambient pressure blower for blowing air in excess of reaction stoichiometric amounts through the fuel cell stack to provide oxygen for electrochemical reaction at the cathode side.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a fuel cell stack at ambient pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure showing a cross-section of a unit cell defecting an ambient fuel cell system of this invention.    Flow field (12)    Membrane/electrode assemblies (24)    Bipolar plates (26)
NOVELTY - A bipolar separator (1) is formed from a plate (2) having trough members (4A, 4B) formed on the opposing sides of a central area.    USE - For use as a separator plate between adjacent fuel cell assemblies in a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The trough areas and the trough members are open opposite in their first sides, thus, there is no abrupt change over their extents at the points of initial contact with the respective matrix. As a result, the stress placed on the matrix is reduced, thus, minimizing the likelihood of cracking.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Bipolar separator for use with a fuel cell that is supplied with a fuel gas and an oxidant gas, comprises a plate (2) having opposing first and second surfaces; a central area; and opposing first and second trough areas (4A,4B) formed into the first surface of the plate and extending from opposing first and second sides of the central area. The first and second surfaces are compatible with a fuel gas and an oxidant gas. The trough areas have a base wall and first, second and third side walls. The second and the third side walls are connected to the opposing sides of the first side wall and to the opposing sides of the base wall of that trough area. Each first and second trough area being open on the side opposite the first side wall and being bent around so that the first surface of the trough area faces the first surface of the central area and the second surface of that trough area faces outwardly. Separately formed trough members are secured to opposing third and fourth sides of the central area.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure showing a bipolar separator of this invention.    Bipolar separator (1)    Plate (2)    Trough members (4A, 4B)
NOVELTY - A solar cell, having at least two front surface contacts, is interconnected with a diode, mounted on its front surface, by forming at least a first recess on the cell surface; forming first and second solar cell contacts on the front surface of the recess; and interconnecting the solar contacts with the first and second contacts of a first bypass diode partly within the recess.    USE - For generating energy in terrestrial and space, where low-cost conventional power sources are unavailable.    ADVANTAGE - The bypass is electrically connected to two contacts on the front of the solar cell, thus eliminating the manufacturing step of flipping the solar cell from front to back to interconnect the bypass diode to a contact on the back of the solar cell. The solar cell/bypass diode combination permits all bypass diode connections to be made to the solar cell on which the diode is mounted, eliminating the need to connect one diode to a contact of an adjoining cell. By having all solar cell-bypass diode interconnections on the front or top side improves throughput in the interconnection processing, increases manufacturing yields through reduced handling, and reduces attrition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (a) a solar cell assembly (100); (b) a solar cell array (200); and (c) a method of interconnecting a solar cell with a bypass diode comprising interconnecting the bypass diode to an interface layer through a recess.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a solar cell interconnected with a bypass diode and an array of solar cells.    Solar cell assembly (100)    Solar cell (102)    Bypass diode (104)    Solar cell array (200)
NOVELTY - A fuel processing system (2) for injecting a liquid hydrocarbon fuel into a fuel cell power plant reformer, includes a fuel atomizer (4) having a small injection tube (6, 8) into which the liquid fuel is introduced along with steam.    USE - For injecting a liquid hydrocarbon fuel into a fuel cell power plant reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The invention limits or eliminates carbon deposition from the vaporization of liquid fuel as it passes into the vaporizer before entering the reformer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel processing system comprises:    (a) a fuel vaporizing chamber (10);    (b) a fuel atomizer for directing a mixture of atomized fuel droplets and steam toward the chamber;    (c) a line (12) for injecting a super heated vaporizing stream into the system; and    (d) a fuel reformer (18) located downstream of the vaporizing chamber for receiving vaporized fuel.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for processing a liquid hydrocarbon fuel into a fuel cell power reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a liquid fuel autothermal reformer.    Fuel processing system (2)    Fuel atomizer (4)    Fuel injection tube (6)    Steam injection tube (8)    Tube (9)    Fuel vaporizing chamber (10)    Line (12)    Reformer (18)
NOVELTY - A solar power system comprises at least one solar cell immersed in a medium having two zones. The first zone is in linear alignment with the cell such that incident rays are directed to the cell; and the second zone is a reflective zone extends beyond the cell and redirects incident rays towards the cell by total internal reflection. Method for fabricating the system is claimed.    USE - As a solar panel for space applications.    ADVANTAGE - The immersion medium and total internal reflection system minimise obscuration of incident light and achieve a wide field of view to ease solar panel tracking requirements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system is fabricated by: depositing an immersion medium on a solar cell for defining the first and second zones; and providing the second zone with a reflective layer to direct incident light to the cell by total internal reflection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a solar power system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.    Incident rays (2)    Al wall structure (14)    Fused silica solar cell substrates (16)    Solar cells (18)    Power bus (20)
NOVELTY - A multi-stage fuel cell system comprises multiple stages. Each stage is designed to accommodate progressively higher temperatures and fuel is underutilized in each fuel cell stage to achieve high operating efficiency.    USE - The method is used for operating a multi-stage fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The system reduces or eliminates the need for costly, auxiliary cooling equipment. High operating efficiency of the process is achieved. Material and fabrication costs and difficulties associated with high temperature fuel cell designs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for operating a multi-stage fuel cell system comprises (a) providing fuel cell stages, each fuel cell stage has fuel and oxidant process stream inlets and outlets for conducting process streams through the fuel cell stage, and each fuel cell stage containing at least one fuel cell; (b) designing each fuel cell stage to operate within a desired temperature range, such that the multi-stage fuel cell system operates at non-uniform temperatures; (c) assembling the fuel stages into the system by arranging the fuel cell stages in a series according to their operating temperature ranges; (d) supplying a fuel process stream and an oxidant process stream to the multi-stage fuel system; and (e) under utilizing the fuel process stream in each fuel cell stage, such that the fuel process stream flowing through a fuel cell stage has an excess amount of fuel than the amount of fuel consumed by the fuel cell stage. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) A multi-stage fuel cell system, and    (2) A method for optimizing the efficiency of a multi-stage fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic of the multi-stage fuel cell system, including molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) stages with different operating stages.
NOVELTY - The cylinder type cells (7) each one provided with air pole, solid electrolyte layer, fuel electrode and inter connector are provided in a fuel battery. An inlet pipe supplies heating gas and oxidizing gas to the inner periphery of each cell. Exhaust air combustion chamber (37) burns unreacted gas in each cell. Air distributor is placed between cell array and combustion chamber.    USE - The cylindrical solid state electrolytic fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The heat shock caused in the cell is minimized. The temperature of the exhaust fuel combustion chamber can be controlled. The cylinder type solid electrolyte battery has good efficiency and durability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of cylindrical solid state electrolyte fuel battery.    Cylinder type cells (7)    Exhaust air combustion chamber (37)
NOVELTY - The fuel battery has several electricity generation cells (1) electrically connected to the collector boards (5,7). Load is added to the collector boards through the high rigid flat plate (21) on which a spacer (22) is installed, during electricity generation in the cells.    USE - In e.g. cylindrical type solid electrolytic fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since load is added to the collector board via the rigid flat plate and spacer is installed on the flat plate, concentration of load on collector board is eliminated thus the collector boards can be connected in parallel without deformation. The contact failure at the time of connecting several electricity generation cells is reduced thus highly efficient fuel battery can be obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An interconnector (19) is formed such that it extends axially to the cylindrical air flow line (10). A solid electrolyte layer (15) covers the air flow line where the interconnector does not exist in the axial direction vertical cross section. An outer electrode (17) is formed on the solid electrolyte layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the fuel battery.    Electricity generation cells (1)    Collector boards (5,7)    Air flow line (10)    Solid electrolyte layer (15)    Outer electrode (17)    Interconnector (19)    Flat plate (21)    Spacer (22)
NOVELTY - Matrix (2) containing phosphoric acid is placed between fuel electrode (3) and air pole (4). A gas conduction path (7) and air conduction path (8) are formed below and above a fluororesin in permeation layer (10). Electrical energy is obtained by electrochemical reaction after discharging air to the gas conduction path and using phosphoric acid as electrolyte.    USE - In e.g. phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The electrical resistance of the phosphoric acid type fuel battery is reduced, hence battery has corrosion proof and leak proof property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional diagram of phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    Matrix (2)    Fuel electrode (3)    Air pole (4)    Gas conduction path (7)    Air conduction path (8)    Fluororesin permeation layer (10)
NOVELTY - The separator (10) for fuel battery has a substrate (11) on which fluid paths (12,13) are formed. A protective layer (14) is formed on the substrate which is made of aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy.    USE - For solid polymeric type fuel battery used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and stability are improved. Generation of crack is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of separator.    Separator (10)    Substrate (11)    Fluid paths (12,13)    Protective layer (14)
NOVELTY - The fuel battery (30) has gas diffusion electrodes on both sides of an electrolyte film. Gas diffusion electrode (36) has a catalyst layer (36a) provided on electrolyte side and diffusion layer (36b) configured on collector side. Porous layers (41-43) laminated on diffusion layer so that the diameter of the pores formed in the layer decreases from diffusion layer side to the catalyst layer side.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of catalyst layer is improved as reaction gas, water and electrons and efficiently supplied to catalyst layer thereby improving energy efficiency of the fuel battery. As the diffusion layer is obtained by laminating a porous layer which has apertures with differing diameter the manufacture of fuel battery is simple.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the gas diffusion electrode of solid polymeric type fuel battery.    Solid polymeric type fuel battery (30)    Gas diffusion electrode (36)    Catalyst layer (36a)    Diffusion layer (36b)    Porous layers (41-43)
NOVELTY - A gas diffusion electrode (36) comprises catalyst layer (36a) provided on electrolyte side and diffusion layer (36b) comprising metal mesh or metal porous substance, provided on collector side. A water repellent layer (36c) is interposed between both the catalyst and diffusion layers. A pair of gas diffusion electrodes are joined to both sides of the electrolyte film.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Uniform heat is generated in the battery as diffused layer is made of a material of high heat conductivity, thereby improving output efficiency of the battery. As diffusion layer and collector are joined directly, electric contact with gas diffusion electrode and collector is made possible thereby improving battery output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the air pole of solid polymeric type fuel battery.    Gas diffusion electrode (36)    Catalyst layer (36a)    Diffusion layer (36b)    Water repellent layer (36c)
NOVELTY - A transparent electrically conductive film (2), cadmium sulfide film (3), cadmium telluride film (4) and a carbon electrode (5) are laminated sequentially on a transparent glass substrate (1). A zinc compound layer (9) is formed between film (4) and electrode (5). A titanium oxide film (8) is formed between transparent electrically conductive film and the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   In cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains high conversion efficiency and reliable nature by manufacturing the solar battery with high stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride solar battery. (1) Glass substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film; (3) Cadmium sulfide film; (4) Cadmium telluride film; (5) Carbon electrode; (8) Titanium oxide film; (9) Zinc compound layer.
NOVELTY - The polyimide group resin layers (A,B) containing insulating fine particle of predetermined weight percentage are laminated on the surface of a metal plate. The thickness of polyimide group resin layers is maintained at 5-15 m or 5-30 m, respectively.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Substrate with high photoelectric conversion efficiency and excellent in heat-resistant, electric insulation, is obtained using polyimide group resin layer.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system, of the type incorporating a fuel cell comprising a plurality of cells mounted in series, a supply device for reactant such as hydrogen and oxygen or air and some auxiliary devices, which may have different nominal voltages and strengths, is characterized in that each auxiliary device (10, 13, 14) is branched directly on a block of cells (22, 23, 24) made up of a number of cells in series, determined by the nominal voltage of the auxiliary device, and the supply of reactant to the cell (1) is established in a manner such that the cells of each block may furnish, in addition to the nominal current of the cell (1), the supply current of the auxiliary device.    USE - The system allows the supply of current to both the fuel cell and the auxiliary devices necessary for the functioning of the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The system eliminates the need for converters which provoke losses and thus affect the overall productivity of the system. It also allows a reduction in the weight and volume of the fuel cell, a reduction in the electronic complexity and an improvement to the power density of the system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the fuel cell of the invention.    Cell (1)    Auxiliary device (10,13,14)    Cells (22,23,24)
NOVELTY - A ceramic support, having a polycrystalline semiconductor layer deposition face composed of mainly a nucleation-inhibiting component locally or completely surrounding a nucleation-promoting component, is new.    USE - Especially as a polycrystalline ceramic substrate for polysilicon layer deposition for thin film solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate has a surface grain structure which promotes rapid coarse grain growth and which is formed without expensive additional treatment of the support material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the above ceramic substrate. Preferred Features: The substrate consists of an aluminum oxide ceramic. The nucleation-inhibiting component comprises MgO in an oxide ceramic, Y2O3 in a nitride ceramic or carbon in a carbide ceramic and the nucleation-promoting component comprises crystalline silicon particles especially in a glaze layer.
NOVELTY - A porous, electrically conductive gas diffusion structure for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, having a gas permeability gradient structure perpendicular to the membrane, is new.    USE - As an anode and/or cathode in a PEM fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The gas diffusion structure provides constant water balance equilibration in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) so that an additional moistening system is not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the above porous, electrically conductive structure.    Preferred Features: The gas diffusion structure consists of two sub-structures with different gas permeabilities, the sub-structure nearer the current collector plate having a lower gas permeability and lower pore volume density than the sub-structure nearer the membrane. The structure is produced from carbon fiber paper having near-surface pores which are partially closed by a thermoplastic, especially in the form of a film which is applied at elevated pressure and temperature onto the carbon fiber paper or in the form of a particle infiltration suspension. Alternatively, a low gas permeability may be achieved by applying, onto the carbon fiber paper surface, a layer of electrically conductive particles (especially carbon particles) and binder (especially fluorinated plastic) particles by spraying as a suspension and then drying and optionally sintering.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a preferred gas diffusion structure according to the invention.    Current collection plate (1)    Gas distribution channel structure (2)    Thermoplastic film (3)    Carbon fiber paper (4)    Catalyst-containing electrode (5)    Polymer electrolyte membrane (6)
NOVELTY - A catalytic ink comprises a dispersion of carbon particles and an organic noble metal complex in a solution of ionomer.    USE - The catalyst ink (III) is useful for the production of membrane electrode units for polymer electrode membrane fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The ink (III) enables the simple and cost effective production of fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalytic layer (I) on a substrate material (II) containing a proton conducting polymer (ionomer), electrically conductive carbon particles and fine particles of at least a noble metal is prepared by coating the substrate material with an ink (III). The ink (III) comprises a dispersion of carbon particles and at least on organic noble metal complex in a solution of the ionomer. The coating is dried such that the ionomer and substrate are not damaged and the complex is decomposed to form finely divided noble metal particles in an oxidation state of 0.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (i) The ink (III); (ii) a process for the production of (I) on (II) by application of (III); and (iii) drying a gas diffusion electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell whereby the substrate (II) is a gas distribution structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of a membrane catalyst unit.    Catalyst layer (1,3)    Polymer membrane (4)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte comprises a salt of N-cyano-substituted amide, N-cyano-substituted sulfonamide, 1,1,1-dicyano-substituted sulfonyl methide or 1,1,1-dicyanoacyl methide, and a matrix material.    USE - The salts are useful as electrolyte components in electrochemical cells such as batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, supercapacitors, electrochemical sensors or electrolytic cells. The salts are useful as conductivity additives, e.g. for coating processes including electrostatic spray coating processes, as cationic polymerization initiators or catalysts, as antistatic additives, as surfactants and as electrolytes.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte salts perform at useful conductivity levels. They are easily handled and can be produced at reasonable cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) an electrochemical cell comprising an electrolyte, an anode and a cathode; and    (B) a compound of formula (IV);    R-(SO2-C-(CN)2)y y/mMm+ (IV)    y = 1 or 2;    R = fluorine atom or perfluorinated hydrocarbon group;    Mm+ = cation with valence m
NOVELTY - Preparation of an aqueous dispersion of nanocrystalline particles comprises mixing the nanocrystalline particles and water to form an aqueous dispersion. The nanocrystalline material comprises primary particles of metal or metal oxide having a substantially spherical shape.    USE - In coating a wide range of devices such as window materials for solar cells, transparent electrodes, liquid crystal displays, reflective layers in architectural glasses and microelectronic conductive components.    ADVANTAGE - The dispersion is substantially stable and forms transparent, electrically conductive coatings (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for forming a transparent, electrically conductive film which comprises:    (a) adding a nanocrystalline material (N) to water. (N) comprises primary particles of metal or metal oxide having a substantially spherical shape;    (b) mixing (N) and water to form an aqueous dispersion (D);    (c) adding a film forming agent to (D);    (d) adding a diluent to (D) to form a formulation; and    (e) applying the formulation to substrate.
NOVELTY - Aspirators (39,43) attract hydrogen or oxygen gas ejected from fuel battery. The circulation lines (40,45) circulate hydrogen gas ejected from the aspirators along with oxygen and water, to humidifiers (33,36).    USE - Solid polymeric type fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE - A pump for circulating hydrogen and oxygen is made unnecessary. Damage to components is prevented and reliability of gas circulation is enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory view of solid polymeric type fuel battery system.    Humidifiers (33,36)    Aspirators (39,43)    Circulation lines (40,45)
NOVELTY - A thin film photovoltaic cell comprises a beta-indium oxysulfide buffer layer between an absorbent photoconductive layer and a transparent conductive layer.    USE - Especially as a thin film solar cell based on CIS (CuInSe2).    ADVANTAGE - The buffer layer material is non-polluting unlike prior art cadmium sulfide thin films, has a conductivity (n-type conductivity of 5 x 10-5 to 10-3 OMEGA-1.cm-1 at 300 K) and a forbidden bandgap (2.8-3.1 eV) close to that of cadmium sulfide, has a transmission of at least 80% up to the absorption threshold at 20 nm thickness, has a reflectivity coefficient of less than 0.3, and can be produced by conventional processes such as vacuum deposition which do not interrupt the solar cell manufacturing sequence.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thin film photovoltaic cell has a buffer layer which is located between an absorbent photoconductive layer and a transparent conductive layer and which comprises a material of formula beta-In2S3-xOx, where x = 0.15 to 0.35, preferably 0.25.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the buffer layer described above by alternate vacuum vapor deposition of indium and sulfur layers from solid sources and heat treatment in an oxygen-containing inert gas stream for 25-35 min. at 615-635 K.
NOVELTY - Treatment of a feed gas containing carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) comprises reacting the CO with oxygen (O2) in the presence of an iridium catalyst dispersed on a refractory inorganic oxide carrier, such that a product gas is produced with a volumetric content of CO that is less than that of the feed gas.    USE - For reducing the amount of CO in an H2-rich gaseous mixture by preferential oxidation of CO, e.g. in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - An H2-rich gas stream is produced with a CO content reduced to a level suitable for use in a fuel cell. The stream is produced economically and efficiently, and the method can be incorporated into a vehicle power plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) an improvement in the treatment of a feed gas as above by providing an iridium catalyst supported on a refractory oxide carrier and activating the catalyst by contacting with a gaseous medium comprising H2 and methanol, where the amount of H2 is greater than that of methanol, at an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to cause the dominant X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) peak of the iridium to shift towards a value which corresponds to iridium in the metallic state; and    (ii) a fuel cell system comprising a source of stream containing H2 and CO that is H2-rich on a volume basis compared to CO, a device for selectively oxidizing the CO in the stream, containing a reactor, an iridium catalyst and a heat transfer medium, and a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of stacked substrate members having a layer of refractory oxide carrying an iridium catalyst used in the process.
NOVELTY - The solar cell has an improved electrode structure including transparent and non-transparent electrodes and bottom side electrode layers.    USE - None given.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar cell comprises:    (a) a substrate (5) of the insulator;    (b) a bottom side electrode layer (2) on one substrate surface;    (c) a semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer (1) formed on the bottom side electrode layer;    (d) a transparent top side electrode layer (3a, 3b);    (e) a non-transparent electrode;    (f) an additional bottom side electrode layer (6); and    (g) a number of conductive paths to connect the bottom side electrode layer to the additional bottom side electrode layer through holes or slits formed to penetrate the substrate.    The non transparent electrode comprises a number of non-transparent conductive layers (3c1, 3c2) formed separately from each other on the top side transparent electrode layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section of the solar cell structure.    semiconductor photoelectric conversion layer (1)    bottom side electrode layer (2)    transparent top side electrode layer (3a, 3b)    non-transparent conductive layers (3c1, 3c2)    substrate (5)    additional bottom side electrode layer (6)
NOVELTY - The electrochemical cell has porous support plates including a contact bilayer adjacent electrodes sandwiching an electrolyte. The bilayer comprises a hydrophobic phase to facilitate gas transfer and restrict liquid absorption through a network of hydrophobic gas passages in the layer, and a hydrophilic phase to facilitate liquid transfer through of hydrophilic liquid passages.    USE - The cell can be used in cell stacks used for fuel or electrolysis cells, especially fuel cells for use in transport vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Cell capacitance is increased (claimed), and fluid transport and transient response capability (needed for short duration acceleration of a vehicle) are both improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell with the same structure as that above but comprising a proton exchange membrane in place of the electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross section of the fuel cell.    Anode (16)    Cathode (20)    Proton exchange membrane (30)    Bilayers (44, 48)    Hydrophilic regions (52, 56)    Hydrophobic regions (54, 58)    Water feed channels (64, 70)
NOVELTY - Solar battery (2) used as a power supply source of sign (1), has a light receiving surface (15). A photocatalytic self purification film (16) degrades and removes organic substance like a waste gas adhered onto light receiving surface.    USE -   For sign such as traffic sign, road sign, guide sign, signal apparatus, display, indicator.    ADVANTAGE -   By solar battery, electric power can be supplied to a light source from a storage battery. Cable is unnecessary. Even a road in mountain also be provided. Sound in air, dust etc., adhered to light receiving surface can be washed by water easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the front elevation of traffic sign. (1) Sign; (2) Solar battery; (15) Light receiving surface; (16) Photocatalytic self purification film.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte film (1) has porous electrolyte layer (2) with hole of three directional communication property on at least one surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrolyte film manufacturing method, which involves applying the solvent which contains electrolyte dissolved with alcohol on at least one surface of electrolyte film. The electrolyte film is immersed in organic solvent which has polar groups other than alcoholic group.    USE -   For electrochemical apparatus (claimed) such as solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery, direct methanol type fuel battery, water electrolyzing apparatus and brine electrolyzing tank.    ADVANTAGE -   By the electrolyte layer, the contact area of boundary surface of electrolyte film increases by which the substantial reaction portion increases.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows cross-section of electrolyte film. (1) Electrolyte film; (2) Porous electrolyte layer.
NOVELTY - The system includes a water electrolyzer (1) and solar energy system (2). A warm water formation apparatus produces warm water using solar energy. The temperature of electrolyzer is adjusted by supplying warm water to electrolyzer. After adjusting the temperature, electrolysis of water is carried out. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrolyzer and warm water formation apparatus are integrated to the backside of solar panel. The hydrogen generated during electrolysis is absorbed by hydrogen absorbing alloy and is heated with warm water during hydrogen usage.    USE -   For hydrogen generation and fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Since the temperature of electrolyzer is maintained, electrolysis of water is performed efficiently. Problems of over-hydration in life span is prevented. Since the warm water formation apparatus is integrated to backside of solar panel, temperature rise of solar panel is restrained. By small installation and by minimizing length of power line, the process becomes economical. High hydrogen storage and high utilization of warm water is carried out by using warm water for desorbing hydrogen from hydrogen absorbing alloy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of water electrolysis system. (1) Electrolyzer; ; (2) Solar energy system.
NOVELTY - A power storage system has a water electrolyzer (1), a solar power generator, a hydrogen storage apparatus (12) and a fuel battery (4). Warm water from the fuel battery is supplied to the water electrolyzer whose temperature is adjusted to that of warm water. Hydrogen liberated by warm water electrolysis is stored in the hydrogen storage apparatus and supplied to the fuel battery for electric power generation.    USE -   For power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature of the electrolytic cell can be controlled efficiently using warm water. The power storage system has long life. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the power storage system. (1) Water electrolyzer; (2) Solar panel; (4) Fuel battery; (5) Water jacket; (6) Hot water storage tank; (9) Hydrogen piping; (10) Warm water piping; (12) Hydrogen absorbing alloy containing storage tank.
NOVELTY - Metal powder blended thermoplastic resin green fiber (17) produced by extrusion molding is hardened by ultraviolet rays (18). The hardened fiber is cut into short fibers and stirred in water content foaming agents, using stirrer. The slurry is frothed in liquor containing dispersing agent and mixed to a green tape, which is then degreased and sintered in reducible atmosphere.    USE - For manufacture of anode of nickel hydrogen batteries, collector board of high temperature solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables obtaining panels which are durable due to sintering in reduced atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mass for extrusion molding is prepared by mixing a metal powder with thermoplastic resins, like polypropylene or polyethylene.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view of green tape being extruded.    Green fiber (17)    Ultraviolet rays (18)
NOVELTY - Rough surface area (1a) is formed on substrate (1). Anti-reflective coating (2) is formed over it. Electrode material (5) is formed on other side of substrate. Between the anti-reflective coating and electrode material, metallic material (3) like silicide is provided.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   By interposing metal silicide layer between anti-reflective layer and the electrode material, optical absorption efficiency is improved. By improving resistance, electrical property of the element is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure explains the solar battery element manufacturing process. (1) Substrate; (1a) Rough surface area; (2) Anti-reflective coating; (3) Metallic material; (5) Electrode material.
NOVELTY - An energy converter converts neutral energy into electrical energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The energy converter has: (a) an electrode cell I containing at least one oxidation reduction activated species; and (b) an electrode cell II containing at least one oxidation reduction activated species. The oxidation species in I and the reduction species reversibly react with a hydrogen ion and a hydric acid ion. The oxidation reduction electric potential is varied by the concentration of the hydrogen ion. The oxidation reduction electric potential of the electrode cell II is present in the range varying the electrode electric potential of the electrode cell I by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.    USE -   The energy converter converts the neutral energy in the electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   The use of the energy converter converts the neutral energy into the electrical energy.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte holding material of the molten carbonate type fuel battery (MCFC) which reduces the reducer concentration in an electrolyte comprises metallic oxide of group-III metal like zinc or lead and/or group XI metals like rare earth metals.    USE - Used in the MCFC (a negative electrode).    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte maintenance material prevents internal short cut in MCFC by the elution and precipitation with the metallic element of the air pole material (a positive electrode).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the electrolyte used in the molten carbonate type fuel battery.
NOVELTY - A sulfonic acid group solid polymer electrolyte film (1) supported by a pair of electrodes including a cathode (2a) and an anode (2b) in an electrode unit (10) provided with separators (3a,3b) on both sides. The circumference of thin film is crosslinked to seal a heating gas and an oxidizing agent gas using the crosslinking joints (1a).    USE - For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Volume change does not occur due to water absorption since the heating gas and the oxidizing agent gas are sealed using crosslinking joints. No tear of electrolyte film is generated even when pressure difference is generated between the heating gas and the oxidizing agent gas since the strength is increased with the crosslinking joints.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heating gas flows on one side of the electrode unit along flow paths (9). The oxidizing gas flows on the other side of the electrode unit along flow paths (6).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is the schematic sectional view of a solid polymeric electrolyte type fuel battery cell.    Solid polymeric electrolyte film (1)    Crosslinking part (1a)    Cathode (2a)    Anode (2b)    Separators (3a,3b)    Oxidizing gas flow path (6)    Heating gas flow path (9)    Electrode unit (10)
NOVELTY - The separator has a thin metallic plate which has a gas passageway formed with grooves (13) between partitions (11) for inflow of heating gas into a central fuel path. A spacer (12) is joined through an adhesive (2) to the end side partitions which are formed with wall (14) to prevent the overflow of adhesive into the groove from upper side.    USE - For manufacture of solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The productivity of solid polymeric type fuel batteries become favorable by joining a spacer with an adhesive to the end side partitions of a thin metallic plate which has a gas passageway formed with grooves between partitions. The separator becomes small and easy to handle. Utility as a solid polymeric fuel battery is large.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional outline showing the gas passageway of separator.    Adhesive (2)    Partitions (11)    Spacer (12)    Groove (13)    Wall (14)
NOVELTY - The battery has a support film cell (7) made of a YSZ zirconia sintered compact solid electrolyte layer (4) doped with yttria formed on a cemented porous fuel electrode sheet (5) and cladded with an air pole (6). The cell is fixed between an alloy separator (1) and a ceramic manifold (2) between which a gas seal (9) is interposed to form a composite separator (3).    USE - For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - A low temperature operation is possible and an excellent heat cycle characteristic can be obtained, since the support film type cell is fixed between an alloy separator and a ceramic manifold between which a gas seal is interposed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several oxidizing agent flow grooves (1b) are formed on the undersurface of the alloy separator which meets the top of the air pole. A indentation (11) for accommodating the cell is formed almost in the central part of the ceramic manifold which meets the undersurface of the fuel electrode. Several fuel gas flow grooves (2b) are formed at the bottom of the indentation opposing the undersurface of the fuel cell. The support film type cell and the composite separator are alternately laminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    Alloy separator (1)    Oxidizing agent gas flow groove (1b)    Ceramic manifold (2)    Fuel gas flow groove (2b)    Composite separator (3)    Solid electrolyte layer (4)    Fuel electrode sheet (5)    Air pole (6)    Support film cell (7)    Gas seal (9)    Indentation (11)
NOVELTY - A separator (2) for fuel batteries is manufactured by molding a mixture of expanded graphite powder, and silicon or silicon containing compound dispersed in a resin.    USE - For fuel batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The separator has sufficient electrical resistance, impermeability to gas, absorptivity and mechanical strength. The separator has improved moldability.
NOVELTY - A thin film layer (2) is laminated on rough surface of temporary support body (4). The other surface of temporary support body which is an adhesive surface is laminated on a transfer substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for transfer film manufacturing method.    USE -   The transfer film is used for manufacturing diffused reflection board used in solar battery and reflection type LCD.    ADVANTAGE -   The reflection characteristics is easily controlled by setting up rough surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of transfer film. (2) Thin film layer; (4) Support body.
NOVELTY - Transparent electrode (16) formed on the photoelectric-conversion layer (12), has a silver thin film (14) formed between upper and lower oxide thin films (15,13). The oxide films consist of many metallic oxides and silver thin film has aluminum or copper of 3 at%. The film thickness of lower oxide thin film contacting photoconversion layer is made more thicker than film thickness of upper oxide thin film.    USE -   In optoelectric transducers such as solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Low reflecting rate is obtained, since transparent electrode is formed as three thin film layers. Low resistance is obtained since film thickness are made thin. Conversion efficiency of optoelectric transducer increases since transparent layer is formed on photoelectric conversion layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows explanatory diagram of transparent electrode in optoelectric transducer. (12) Photoelectric-conversion layer; (13) Lower oxide thin film; (14) Silver thin film; (15) Upper oxide thin film; (16) Transparent electrode.
NOVELTY - On SiO2 glass substrate (1), SnO2transparent electrode layer (2), P type SiC photoelectric conversion layers (3-5), silver electrode layer (7), titanium electrode back side protective layer (8) are arranged sequentially. The protective layer has capability of generating high passive film of endurance opposing to the environment.    USE -   In solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Degradation of back side of metal electrode layer exposed to air is prevented, so cost is reduced and reliability of the solar battery is improved, hence it can used effectively even in outdoors.     DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the model sectional view of thin film photoelectric apparatus. (1) SiO2glass substrate; (2) Transparent electrode layer; (3-5) Photoelectric conversion layers; (7) Silver electrode layer; (8) Protective layer.
NOVELTY - Before forming an Al thin film (21), an AlN thin film (12) is formed on a substrate (11).    USE -   For manufacturing polycrystalline silicon thin film for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Optimizes quantity of fusion metal and the silicon film thickness. Since an in-plane uniformity is improved by large particle size, the improvement in yield is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of substrate. (11) Substrate; (12) AlN thin film; (21) Al thin film.
NOVELTY - A precursor film with III and VI group elements and Cu film (4) are placed on a glass substrate (1) in same direction and laminated. The laminated film is seleniumized with selenium vapor so that CIS group chalcopyrite compound semiconductor thin film is formed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   As Na is made to spread sufficiently in a film, roughness formation on CIS group chalcopyrite compound semiconductor thin film is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of formation procedure of thin film. (1) Glass substrate; (4) Cu film.
NOVELTY - A palladium layer formed with pattern by heat application is used as an electrode layer (16).    USE -   For amorphous silicon thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Cost of solar battery is reduced, as number of process required is less, capital investment and production cost are less and due to improvement in yield. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the formation technique of solar battery. (16) Electrode layer.
NOVELTY - Magnesium oxide layer (13) is formed partially on base (11) after forming metal electrode (12). An amorphous silicon thin film (14) is formed on the entire surface of magnesium oxide layer. Part of amorphous silicon thin film and entire magnesium oxide layer are removed by hydrogen to form cell pattern.    USE -   For forming cell pattern in thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Cost reduction is achieved, by reducing number of process required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the formation technique of cell pattern in solar battery. (11) Base; (12) Metal electrode; (13) Magnesium oxide layer; (14) Silicon thin film.
NOVELTY - A CuInSe2 film (3), CdS film (4), compound semiconductor films such as ZnO film (5), ZnO:Al film (6) are formed sequentially on glass substrate (1). The thickness of compound semiconductor film is 2500-10000 .    USE -   In solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Cost of solar battery is low and generation of short circuit is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross-sectional explanatory view of solar battery. (1) Glass substrate; (3) CuInSe2 film; (4)CdS Film; (5) ZnO Film; (6) ZnO:Al film.
NOVELTY - The weight proportion of carbon black in carbon electrode (4) units contact surface with cadmium telluride film (3) is made larger than that in other parts.    USE -   For compound cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Resistance at contact surface is reduced and hence conversion efficiency is increased without reduction in stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery. (3) Cadmium telluride film; (4) Carbon electrode.
NOVELTY - Zn, Te raw material gases and Al or Cl doping gas, is made to react by organic metal vapor growth on a substrate (2). The molar ratio of Te to Zn is set as Te/Zn1.1.    USE -   In manufacture of n-type ZnTe semiconductor for light emitting element, solar battery, optical waveguide, light receiving element.    ADVANTAGE -   Excels in ohmic contact property, thereby providing low resistance factor and obtains n-type ZnTe semiconductor with good reproducibility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the manufacturing apparatus illustrating n-type ZnTe semiconductor manufacturing method. (2) Substrate.
NOVELTY - A sintered ceramic substrate, used for polycrystalline semiconductor layer deposition and comprising large surface grains and a nucleation-inhibiting sintering additive in the grain boundaries, is new.    USE - As a polycrystalline ceramic substrate e.g. of Al2O3, B4C, SiC or AlN, especially for polysilicon layer deposition for thin film solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate has a surface grain structure which promotes coarse grain growth and sintering additive migration to the grain surfaces and reduces thin film solar cell production costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polycrystalline semiconductor layer deposition substrate comprises, at one or both surfaces, extremely large grains of at least 75% 30-70 microns size and at least 3% sintering additive which has a nucleation-inhibiting effect on the depositing layer and which is located in the crystal joints of the sintered ceramic. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of a ceramic substrate as described above. Preferred Features: The substrate comprises Al2O3 grains, in which case the sintering additive is MgO or Y2O3, or comprises B4C or recrystallized SiC grains, in which case the sintering additive is carbon.
NOVELTY - A unit cell comprises a pair of electrodes, each having a catalytic layer and a gas diffusion layer; an electrolyte layer placed between the electrodes; a separator provided outside one electrode and including a passage for delivering fuel gas to the electrode; and a separator provided outside the other electrode and including a passage for delivering oxidant gas to the electrode.    USE - None given.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Such unit cells are stacked to form a fuel cell. At least any of the catalytic layer, the gas diffusion layer and the surface of the passage have repellency. This fuel cell exhibits desirable characteristics.
NOVELTY - Membrane electrode assembly (MEA) comprises a polymer electrolyte membrane (2) having a central portion and a peripheral portion; an electrode disposed over the central portion and over the peripheral portion; a sub-gasket disposed over the peripheral portion and extends over the electrode (3); and a gasket (1) disposed over a portion of the sub-gasket.    USE - The invention is useful as membrane electrode assemblies in electronic devices, e.g., fuel cell. The complete assembly is known as a membrane electrode gasket assembly (MEGA), or membrane electrode sub-gasket assembly (MESGA). Further, the gasket can be used to prevent the mechanical failure of the MEA and to provide electrical insulation between the components.    ADVANTAGE - The gasket and the sub-gasket can form a fluid tight seal between the MEA and the gas diffusion media, and with the walls of the electrochemical cell in which it is installed, thus, minimizing the quantity of the more expensive ionomer composite and electrocatalytic materials that would otherwise be used as a gasket material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell comprising the assembly of this invention.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A figure showing a membrane electrode gasket assembly of this invention.    Gasket (1)    Electrolyte membrane (2)    Electrode (3)
NOVELTY - Gold/iron oxide catalyst material composed of particulate co-catalytically active iron oxide with metallic gold clusters deposited on it is produced by: (a) reacting a Fe(III) salt with a base in aqueous medium; (b) impregnating the hydroxide gel formed with a solution of water-soluble gold compound to form complexed gold clusters on the surface of the gel; and (d) calcining the reaction product at 350-700 degrees C.    USE - For selective low temperature CO oxidation in reformate hydrogen which is used as combustible gas for polymer electrolyte (PEM) fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has increased activity and sufficient long-term stability.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing a high-quality solar cell with an interface free from contamination comprises successively forming in multilayer on a substrate, a transparent electrode film, an amorphous silicon film, and a metal electrode film and etching them to a desired pattern by using a resist film having two thicknesses. Solar cell elements are insulated from each other through a predetermined protective film, and a conductive paste is applied over the protective film to electrically connect the solar cell elements in series.    USE - Solar cell manufacture.
NOVELTY - The device comprises two pluralities of refracting elements arranged so a ray of collimated light passes through one of the refracting elements in each of the pluralities and through a gap between the refracting elements, whereby the refracting elements act together to disperse and redirect the collimated light. The area of the regions of focus exposed to the dispersed and redirected light is smaller than the area of the pluralities of refracting elements exposed to the collimated light, and each of the regions of focus receives light having a photon energy spectrum that is narrower than the broad photon energy spectrum.    USE - A solar energy conversion system that concentrates sunlight and refractively splits the solar spectrum into narrow components.    ADVANTAGE - The concentration of light permits the use of a smaller quantity of relatively costly photovoltaic cells, and spectrum splitting allows those cells to operate at higher efficiency. The optical components may be economically manufactured of durable materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the parallel arrays of prisms and photovoltaic cells.    Sunlight (10)    Dispersing prisms (12)    Concentrating prisms (14)    Regions of focus (22)
NOVELTY - A solution containing tin, fluorine or antimony compound is atomized to obtain atomized microparticle (7). A substrate (1) is heated and contacted with the microparticle obtained, forming a tin dioxide film on the substrate surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar batteries which is a laminate of electrically conductive films (2) such as tin dioxide film, cadmium sulfide film and cadmium telluride film, formed sequentially on transparent insulated substrate.    USE -   For use in solar batteries (claimed) such as CdS/CdTe and CIS solar batteries. Also for display surfaces of various electronic machines.    ADVANTAGE -   The tin dioxide film excels in film quality, conductivity, transparency and weather resistance. Solar batteries having high performance can be manufactured economically using simple manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows longitudinal cross-section chart of filming apparatus. (1) Substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film(7) Microparticle.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen generator has a reactor (1) which contains a rotor or rotation board (3). The rotation board is provided with a nozzle (8) which sprays a mixture of gas and liquid containing photocatalyst and/or magnetic microparticle catalyst into liquid hydrogen containing material. The hydrogen is generated by the catalytic reaction in the liquid phase.    USE -   For generating hydrogen which is used for fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The hydrogen can be generated efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional drawing of hydrogen generator. (1) Reactor; ; (2) Motor; ; (3) Rotor; ; (8) Nozzle; ; (17) Light source.
NOVELTY - The stirring direction of the stirring device in a reactor (1) containing photocatalyst or magnetic catalyst (9) is reversed intermittently. Several rotors (3,3',3") of the device attached in vertical direction are driven by a motor (2). Each rotor has fins and holes to avoid mutual overlap with each other. A light source photoirradiates the reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Photocatalyst or magnetic catalyst provided in the reactor consists of Cu2O and nafion coating and contains material chosen from Cu20, CuMO2 (M: Fe, Co, Ni), M'WO4 (where M': Co, Ni), CO4Nb2O9, FeM"O (where M": Al, Ga, W).    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the direction of stirring apparatus is reversed intermittently and because of the rotor with fins, catalytic reaction in a liquid phase is activated and hydrogen is efficiently generated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the hydrogen generator. (1) Reactor; (2) Motor; (3,3',3") Rotors.
NOVELTY - A silicone resin layer is formed on the circumference of a thin metal plate by dipping it in silicone resin. The portions of metal plate, on which silicone resin layer need not be formed, are masked. The silicone resin layer formed on the metal plate is hardened.    USE - For cushioning materials used for packaging separator of solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Metal composite is manufactured correctly and efficiently.
NOVELTY - The catalyst which modifies the fuel in a gas containing hydrogen, contains an organic compound. Catalysts (1,2) are configured in the upstream side and downstream side, respectively in the fuel flow path. Catalyst (1) contains a base metal oxide and noble metals. Catalyst (2) contains base metal oxide.    USE -   For generation of hydrogen used in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The fuel modification catalyst improves the generation of hydrogen and suppresses the occurrence of carbon monoxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the structure of fuel modification catalyst. (1,2) Catalysts.
NOVELTY - A transparent electrically conductive film (2) is formed on a transparent substrate (1). A titanium oxide film (5) is formed on the conductive film. The titanium oxide film has at least one pore of diameter 10-400 nm.    USE -   Photoelectric cell for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Energy adsorption characteristics of titanium oxide film is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the photoelectric cell. (1) Substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film; (5) Titanium oxide film.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery (20) has a methanolysis apparatus (15) which decomposes a vapor into methanol which is further modified to generate electricity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel battery generates electricity from cathode gas containing oxygen and anode gas containing hydrogen. A combustor (23) burns the waste anode and cathode gas and ejects combustion exhaust gas. A vapor line (8) supplies vapor to a methanolysis apparatus which decomposes the vapor into methanol and supplies it to a fuel gas line (1). A carbon dioxide recycle line (6) supplies the exhaust gas to a modifier (22) and the fuel gas line supplies heating gas. The modifier modifies the heating gas which contains water vapor with the combustion exhaust gas.    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   When methanol is used as a fuel, starting trouble is avoided and the battery ensures safety.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure explains an electricity generator. (1) Fuel gas line; ; (6) Carbon dioxide recycle line; ; (8) Vapor line; ; (15) Methanolysis device; ; (20) Fuel battery; ; (22) Modifier; ; (23) Combustor.
NOVELTY - Combustion exhaust gas of modifier (22) is supplied to cathode via carbon dioxide recycle line (7). The driving of turbine by cathode waste gas forms compressed air which is supplied to cathode via air line (8). Anode waste gas is circulated via anode circulation line (3) and supplied to the anode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Combustion exhaust gas is supplied to combustor (23) via a heat line (11) for burning anode and cathode waste gas ejected from anode and cathode. The modifier (22) modifies heating gas containing water vapor with combustion exhaust gas of combustor using anode gas.    USE -   In fuel battery based electrical power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   During combustion starting and fuel battery stoppage only nitrogen gas is filled in line, thereby making nitrogen manufacturing facility unnecessary. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains composition of electric power generator. (3) Anode circulation line; (7) Carbon dioxide recycle line; (8) Air line; (11) Heat line; (22) Modifier; (23) Combustor.
NOVELTY - The battery consists of a solid polymer electrolyte film (9) whose both sides are provided with a fuel pole and an oxidizing agent pole. A thin metal plate separator (1) containing grooves is provided. A reaction gas flow path is provided between the fuel pole and the oxidizing agent pole. A sheet-like seal member (2) containing manifold holes is provided in the separator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The grooves which are in the shape of parallel waveform, formed by press stamping, are present in the central part at both sides of the separator. The seal member supplies and ejects reaction gas. A cooling unit is provided in the contact part of the seal member.    USE -   For power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Weight of the battery is reduced. Reliability, mass production, stabilization over long period of time and operating characteristics of the battery are enhanced. Maintenance of the battery is easy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross-sectional diagram of the solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery. (1) Separator; (2) Seal member; (9) Solid polymer electrolyte film.
NOVELTY - The battery consists of an air permeable metal substrate on which an anode(1), a solid electrolyte layer (2) and a cathode (3) are provided sequentially. A flow path board (8) with a rib, is equipped between the substrate and the cathode. The flow path board contains fuel gas passageway in the peripheral direction from the center. The air pressure is less in the outer edge part of the board.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The substrate has a collector function and the heating gas feeder ability to electrodes. A battery consists of an unit cell provided with a separator (10) equipped with the heating gas supply flow path and air supply flow path.    USE -   For power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery is operated stably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the solid electrolyte type fuel battery. (1) Anode; (2) Solid electrolyte layer; (3) Cathode; (8) Flow path board; (10) Separator.
NOVELTY - The solid polymer electrolyte film has thin film of proton conductivity and has very low membrane resistance of 0.07 OMEGAcm. The film is 50 m thick and film strength is of 8N or more.    USE -   For solid polymer fuel battery as power source used in space exploration, military objective, motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The thin film electrolyte of high strength and low membrane resistance is obtained. As the amount of electrolyte film used is decreased, fuel battery with improved electricity generation efficiency is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the graph representing strength of polymeric electrolyte film and relationship of membrane resistance.
NOVELTY - The separator has a rib (1) made of graphite in which resin is dispersed. The rib is integrally molded with a flat plate (2).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of fuel battery separator.    USE -   For separating heating gas and oxidizing gas in a fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The separator excels in gas impermeability and electrical conductivity. The separator is lightweight. The battery properties are stabilized even when the separator is used for a long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of fuel battery separator. (1) Rib; (2) Flat plate.
NOVELTY - The separator is formed by dispersing 3-1.8 g/cm or 0.6 g/cm of graphite powder in resin.    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Separator having excellent electrical resistance and mechanical strength can be obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the perspective diagram of separator for fuel batteries.
NOVELTY - The separator (9b) contains graphite powder, with mean particle diameter of 50 m or more which is dispersed in resin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for separator manufacturing method.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Excellent electrical resistance, gas permeable liquid swelling property, economical efficiency and mechanical strength can be attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the perspective diagram of separator for fuel batteries.
NOVELTY - The separator has carbon material dispersed in phenol resin cured substance which is hardened by ring type polymerization.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for separator manufacturing method.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Excellent electrical resistance, gas permeable liquid swelling property, economical efficiency and mechanical strength is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the perspective view of separator for fuel battery.
NOVELTY - The fuel battery installation consists of a heat exchanger (42) for cooling hydrogen and oxygen generated during electrolysis of water (W) in an electrolytic cell (41). The water vapor in the gases gets condensed during cooling and is returned to electrolytic cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel battery installation consists of a heat exchanger (42) for cooling hydrogen and oxygen generated during electrolysis of water (W) in an electrolytic cell. A heat exchange line (43) carrying water to electrolytic cell, adjoins oxygen flow path (44) and hydrogen flow path (45) and performs heat exchange between them. Falling taper flow path resistance boards (46) are attached to the internal surfaces (44a,45a) of the hydrogen and oxygen flow paths, washing down condensed water vapor (W') to electrolytic cell.    USE -   For electricity generation using hydrogen and oxygen fuels generated during electrolysis of water by solar energy.    ADVANTAGE -   By using a single heat exchanger, a number of components such as water heater in the installation can be eliminated, thus reducing size and weight of installation and increasing its dependability. Apparatus requiring electric power such as a water heater are eliminated by the use of heat exchanger, thus reducing the demand on electricity generated by the solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel battery installation for electricity generation. (42) Heat exchanger; ; (43) Electrolysis line; ; (44) Oxygen flow path; ; (46) Resistance boards; ; (W') Water vapor.
NOVELTY - The split die composite fibers are divided into extra fine fibers. Wet twisting of the obtained web is performed, to form a separator for fuel batteries.    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Low fabric weight without defects such as pin hole, can be obtained easily.
NOVELTY - A thin fluorescent film (1) is formed on the light incidence surface of amorphous silicon solar battery.    USE -   For amorphous silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Low component of low short wavelength in incident light is converted into long wavelength light, thereby improving utilization efficiency of light. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents sectional view amorphous silicon solar battery. (1) Fluorescent film.
NOVELTY - Polycrystalline silicon substrate sliced by machining, with surface defects, is etched using 0.25-3 mol/l of aqueous alkali solution. The substrate is etched again with a lower concentration aqueous alkali solution if necessary.    USE -   For manufacture of polycrystalline silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates mass production of substrate. Can be used with variety of alkaline hydroxides and so offers wide choice of the process.
NOVELTY - Lower portion of a source substrate (3) is coated with a CdTe film formation material (2). A glass substrate (1) with thermal expansion coefficient below 2010-7 C, is placed opposing the material and the assembly is introduced into a heating chamber via a conveyor. The heater in the chamber vaporizes the material, to form CdTe film on the substrate.    USE -   For forming CdTe film as optical absorption layer in solar battery manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   A highly efficient solar battery whose glass substrate coated with CdTe is easily manufactured. The CdTe film is formed uniformly over the large surface area. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of CdTe film formation in solar battery. (1) Glass substrate; (2) CdTe film formation material; (3) Source substrate.
NOVELTY - A transparent substrate (23) is formed on the light receiving surface of a semiconductor substrate (24). Recess (26) is formed in the rear side of the substrate (24) between adjacent solar battery element (16), on whose partial wall, an oxide layer (18) is formed. Wiring (21) drawn from lateral electrode (20) of light receiving surface is mutually connected to a wiring (30) drawn from a rear side lateral electrode (29) of adjacent battery element through the recess. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacturing method of solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Mass production is enabled by connecting wirings of adjacent solar battery elements. Repeated usage of substrate is enabled as thin porous layer is formed above the substrate during manufacture, hence after sublation, substrate is left behind without rupture. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows process diagram involved in manufacture of solar battery. (16) Solar battery element; (18) Oxide layer; (20,29) Lateral electrode; (21,30) Wiring; (23) Transparent substrate; (24) Semiconductor substrate; (26) Recess.
NOVELTY - Minute protrusions (1c) are formed on a silicon substrate (1). The width and height of the protrusions are 2 m or less. The sheet resistance of the substrate is 60-300 ~W/cm due to presence of reverse conductivity type semiconductor impurity. The aspect ratio of the protrusions lies between 0.1-2. Two pair of electrodes (3,4) are formed at specific portion on the upper-lower surface of the substrate, respectively.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces surface reflecting rate and thus improves short circuiting current value. Utilizes light effectively due to reduced reflecting rate. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the sectional view of the solar battery element. (1) Silicon substrate; (1c) Minute protrusions; (3,4) Electrodes.
NOVELTY - The solar battery is arranged corresponding to the windshield glass side of a movement of a clock case. The movement drives a pointer. The light receiving surface side of the solar battery is provided with a multilayer coating member (17). The coating member consists of layers of a liquid crystal polymer film (13), diffusion layer (15) and an transparent substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid crystal polymer film sheet consists of a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layer (12) on a base film (11).    USE -   For clocks.    ADVANTAGE -   The dial for clocks is made colorful and legible. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of gas barrier property film. (11) Base film; (12) Cholesteric liquid crystal polymer; (13) Liquid crystal polymer sheet; (15) Diffusion layer; (17) Coating member.
NOVELTY - Multiple solar batteries (1) connected with lead wire (3) are dispersed in a transparent filler (2). A heat collection board (4) with heat pipe (5) is provided below the transparent filler. A transparent board (7) which is provided above the energy transducer (6) via a void layer (9), has a thick permselective membrane (8) with low emissivity adhered to its backside. The permselective membrane has high transmissivity in UV, visible and IR bands.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents radiation heat loss. Prevents reduction of electricity generation efficiency caused by temperature rise. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows sectional view of hybrid type solar battery apparatus. (1) Solar batteries; (2) Transparent filler; (3) Lead wire; (4) Heat collection board; (5) Heat pipe; (6) Energy transducer; (7) Transparent board; (8) Permselective membrane; (9) Void layer.
NOVELTY - The lamp (24) comprises a wick (22) above which is mounted a thermoelectric converter (C). Within this is mounted a series of thermocouples which convert the heat emitted by the wick into an electrical voltage sufficient enough to power a transistor or a radio.    USE - Portable gas or petrol powered lamp for camping, expeditions or as a means of providing simple electrical power to remote or disaster stricken areas.    ADVANTAGE - The lamp is simple to run and manufacture and produces a more efficient use of the fuel by providing both lighting and power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section through the lamp    wick (22)    lamp (24)    thermoelectric converter (C)
NOVELTY - The process includes flowing oxygen containing gas through an air passage along a cathode side of an oxygen selective ion transport membrane element at a temperature and oxygen partial pressure effective to separate oxygen contained within the oxygen containing gas into a permeate portion that is transported through the oxygen selective ion transport membrane element to an anode side and a retenate portion that is retained on the cathode.    USE - Used for producing a product gas, e.g. syngas or unsaturated hydrocarbon, in a reaction through an endothermic steam reforming reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Provides syngas having H2/CO molar ratio requiring more heat than is available from the balance of exothermic and endothermic reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for providing heat to endothermic reaction inside a reaction passage, comprises (a) separating the endothermic reaction from a combustion site with a nitrogen impervious barrier; (b) flowing an oxygen containing gas through an air passage; (c) combusting a fuel with at least one of the permeate portion and the retenate portion at the combustion site, generating a heat of combustion and (d) transferring the heat of combustion to the endothermic reaction. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a reactor.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing the solar cell arrangement comprises: forming a pn junction in the semiconductor material; separating the semiconductor material along a plane across the pn junction to give an off-cut (9) and a main body (10); electrically connecting the off-cut in reverse parallel across a main body; and producing two contacts of the front and rear surfaces of the semiconductor material    USE - For solar cells giving protection against reverse current flow.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN ADDITIONAL CLAIM is also included to manufacture a series of solar cell arrangements and connect them in an array.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the spaced diode in the solar cell arrangement.    off-cut (9)    main body (10)
NOVELTY - The converter comprises two coaxial perforated cylinders (6,8) sealed at the top against the inlet stub (3) or the lid (2a) of the chamber. The bottom internal cylinder (6) is closed by a disk (16) that fits inside a recessed disk (14). The disk forms part of a sliding base (11) that closes the other cylinder (8). Catalyst pellets fill the space (9) between the cylinders.    USE - As an exhaust gas catalytic converter for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The gas expands in its passage to give intimate contact with the catalyst and reduce backpressure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The converter comprises two coaxial perforated cylinders (6,8) sealed at the top against the inlet stub (3) or the lid (2a) of the chamber. The bottom internal cylinder (6) is closed by a disk (16) that fits inside a recessed disk (14). The disk forms part of a sliding base (11) that closes the other cylinder (8). Catalyst pellets fill the space (9) between the cylinders. The base is spring loaded to compensate for size changes of the pellets during use. Gas entering the inlet stub (3) then passes through the perforations of the inner cylinder, through the catalyst pellets and then through the perforations of the outer cylinder into an annular space (10) that leads to the outlet stub (4). Disks (17,18), sealed to the lid or the sliding base, induce turbulence to prevent bypass paths through the catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectioned elevation through the fuel cell exhaust gas catalytic converter.    Lid (2a)    Inlet and outlet stubs (3,4)    Inner and outer cylinders (6,8)    Pellet space (9)    Annular gas collection space (10)    Sliding base (11)    Recessed washer (14)    Disks (17,18)
NOVELTY - Heat extraction from a fuel cell (in which electric current and heat is produced as a result of a reaction between the fuel and an oxidizing agent) takes place either entirely or partially by transfer of heat to a heat carrier medium with endothermic phase change.    USE - For utilization of heat from fuel cells for various purposes (heating ; operation of absorption refrigeration units etc.)    ADVANTAGE - Effectiveness of the heat extraction and transfer is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN ADDITIONAL CLAIM is included for a corresponding fuel cell, an absorption refrigeration unit, and a heat pump. The fuel cell in question is characterized by the fact that it incorporates a heat exchange unit with a phase-change heat carrier medium. The refrigeration unit and the heat pump is that they utilize heat extracted from a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A solid electrolyte matrix production process, comprising forming stalks from a solid electrolyte foil with electrodes, is new.    USE - For high and low temperature electrochemical fuel cells, e.g. PEM fuel cells or SOFCs for electric motors, and mass separation processes, e.g. as a membrane or membrane support.    ADVANTAGE - The solid electrolyte matrix has a space-saving design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of a solid electrolyte matrix of 0.28-10.0 mm diameter solid electrolyte stalks comprises forming a planar, structured, pleated or dished, plastic bipolar solid electrolyte foil with electrodes to stalks of 0.28-10.0 mm diameter and of 0.03-3.0 m length e.g. of grass blade or corn stalk form. Preferred Features: Ceramic, sol-gel, collagen, protein, gelatin, urea or starch foils may be folded to stalk (e.g. cigarette) form or wound to spiral tube form, granules may be extruded to a drinking straw form or a ceramic slip may be cast to straw form. The fuel cell current is supplied to electric motor driven wheels fitted with rubber tires.
NOVELTY - A high temperature fuel element half-cell, employs a gaseous carbon compound primary fuel (8), a molten metal secondary fuel (2) and a molten carbonate electrolyte (3).    USE - For a high temperature molten carbonate fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The advantages of a fuel cell operated with carbon are combined with good current output.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrochemical half-cell (electrode), for use in an electrolytic high temperature fuel cell, employs a gaseous carbon compound which is supplied as primary fuel (8) for electrolytic oxidation in a molten carbonate electrolyte (3) in direct contact with a secondary fuel of molten metal (2) having a much lower affinity for oxygen than carbon. The metal melt (2) is connected to a current collection electrode (5) for formation of metal ions which migrate into the carbonate melt (3) where they are reduced back to elementary metal by the gaseous carbon compound, the resulting gas ions being reduced by a counter-electrode (9) connected to the carbonate melt (3).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for operating the above half-cell.    Preferred Features: The gaseous carbon compound is carbon monoxide, the counter-electrode is an air or oxygen electrode (11) and the secondary fuel is tin. The carbonate melt comprises an equimolar mixture of sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate and tin oxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a side cross-sectional view and a plan view of a half-cell according to the invention.    Metal melt (2)    Carbonate melt (3)    Current collection electrode (5)    Primary fuel (8)    Counter-electrode (9.1, 9.2)    Air or oxygen electrode (11)
NOVELTY - A high temperature solid electrolyte fuel cell (SOFC), having a gadolinium- and/or scandium-doped cerium oxide interlayer (14) between an electrolyte layer (11) and a cathode layer (12), is new.    USE - As a high temperature solid oxide fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The interlayer reduces the interface resistance by preventing formation of an insulating or poorly conductive phase between the cathode layer and the electrolyte layer so that the SOFC can operate at high efficiency at low temperatures (below 700 degrees C) and over a wide temperature range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The cathode layer consists of LaxA1-xByCo1-yO3 (A = Ba, Ca and/or Sr; B = Cr, Fe and/or Mn; x = 0.4 to 0.95; and y = 0.0 to 1.0), especially La0.8Ca0.2Fe0.7Co0.3O3. The electrolyte consists of zirconium oxide, especially containing yttrium and/or scandium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an SOFC according to the invention.    SOFC (1)    Electrolyte layer (11)    Cathode layer (12)    Anode layer (13)    Interlayer (14)
NOVELTY - Dendritic web growth process comprises providing a melt; growing a dendritic web crystal from the melt; replenishing the melt; and applying a magnetic field to the melt growth of the dendritic web crystal.    USE - Dendritic web crystals are used in fabrication of solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Significantly reduces convection and offers numerous advantages that are not realized by the conventional dendritic web crystal growth systems and methods.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for dendritic web growth comprising: a crucible (112) with a feed compartment for receiving pellets to facilitate melt (114, 128) replenishment and a growth compartment designed to hold a melt for dendritic web growth; and a magnetic field generator (124) configured to provide a magnetic field during dendritic web growth.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a system for stabilizing dendritic web silicon crystal growth.    crucible (112)    melt (114, 128)    magnetic field generator (124)
NOVELTY - Membrane electrode assembly comprises full planform proton exchange membrane (48) with catalyst layers (40,44) centrally on both sides and gas diffusion layers (38,50) on catalyst layers. Porous substrates (32,34) on both sides of gas diffusion layers are impregnated with sealant (60,62) at their periphery and gas diffusion layers are coated with sealant where they contact sealant regions of substrates. All layers are co-extensive.    USE - As a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (claimed)    ADVANTAGE - Stepped discontinuities are avoided and the assembly can be continuously and mass produced with liberal tolerances.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the assembly.    Porous substrates (32,34)    Gas diffusion layers (38,50)    Catalyst layers (40,44)    Membrane (48)    Sealant (60,62)
NOVELTY - A fluid flow plate (200) for water management of a fuel cell comprises a porous portion (250) and a non-porous portion defining a reactant gas flow channel which has a turn (217) where the gas flow contacts the porous portion.    USE - Proton exchange membrane fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The plates provide uniform and efficient membrane hydration and/or cooling.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flow plate includes porous and non-porous portions forming on the surface of the plate a flow channel (204) having turn for distributing a reactant gas in the fuel cell. The porous portion defines an outer lateral portion of the turn. The plate provides a water management scheme for the cell in which the turns in the flow channels are used for addition, removal or redistribution of water for regulation of the humidity of a reactant gas stream for membrane hydration and/or cooling. INDEPENDENT CLAIM includes the following:    (1) A fuel cell    (2) A method for regulating humidity of a reactant gas in a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fluid flow plate of the invention illustrating the addition of water to humidify a gas stream    Fluid flow plate (200)    Flow channel (204)    Turn (217)    Porous portion (250)
NOVELTY - The material contains 10-25 weight parts of ther mosetting resin for 100 wt.pts of powders of artificial graphite of mean particle diameter (A) less than 50 m, natural graphite of diameter A(0.2-0.1) mixed in weight ratio of 80:20-60:40. Specific electrical resistance, gas transmittance, anisotropic ratio of carbonaceous material are 0.2 or less , 2 or less and 10^_6 cc/cm2.min respectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of carbonaceous separator. Thermosetting resin is added to a mixture of artificial, natural graphite powder and the resultant mixture is pulverized. The pulverized grains of particle size 2 mm or less are hardened by heat at 150-280C and molded by hot pressure mold method into a plate shaped object.    USE -   For solid polymeric mold fuel batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The carbonaceous separator material has high isotropy, low specific resistance and is highly impermeable to gas.
NOVELTY - Raw material gas is introduced into film forming space (101), very high frequency electric power is impressed from many places in film forming space along substrate movement direction (106). A semiconductor film is deposited on substrate (103) by plasma chemical vapor deposition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus for forming deposition film. The apparatus contains means for introducing raw material gas, application means of high frequency electric power, which are antennas (102a,102b) for decomposing raw material gas. The antenna radiates very high frequency electric power. Many antennas are provided along the direction of movement of substrate.    USE -   The deposition film such as amorphous silicon film is useful for thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The deposition film with few defects is provided. The semiconductor film with excellent uniformity and large covering area, is formed at high speed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the typical sectional drawing of the composition of deposition film forming apparatus. (101) Film forming space; ; (103) Substrate; ; (102a,102b) Antennas; ; (106) Substrate movement direction.
NOVELTY - The electrode-film contact piece is manufactured by joining a gas diffusion electrode and an ion exchange membrane using an adhesive. The ion exchange membrane consists of a perfluoro carbon polymer having phosphonic acid group. The adhesive contains 0.1-30 wt.% of the ion exchange resin dissolved in a hydrocarbon alcoholic solvent, fluorine containing hydrocarbon solvent or their mixed solvent.    USE -   For fuel battery of a solid polymer electrolyte (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The pores in gas diffusion electrode are not crushed, and pore diameter is maintained such that, the electrode excels in gas diffusion. The film contact piece has low concentration over-voltage. A high output is obtained with stability.
NOVELTY - The separator (4) is made of a composite that includes 85-97% of graphite powder and 3-15% of thermosetting resins. The composite is initially cold formed at a pressure of 100-150 kgf/cm2 and then shaped at a pressure of 150-1500 kgf/cm2.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferably, 4-9% of thermosetting resin is included in the composite and shaping of cold formed composite is done at a pressure of 300-1000 kgf/cm2. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of separator for fuel battery.    USE -   The separator is used for solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Has homogeneous property and small volume resistivity due to presence of thermosetting resin in proportion to graphite powder in the composite and since cold forming and shaping of composite are done at particular pressure. Has predetermined shape since irregularity does not occur during shaping due to the presence of small amount of resin that improves liquidity of composite to specified level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the exploded perspective diagram of solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery. (4) Separator.
NOVELTY - Photo-electrochemical cell includes a nitrogen-containing 5 or 6 membered ring compound having a specific substituent at the alpha -carbon of the nitrogen-containing ring and having a molecular weight of 1000 or less.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Photo-electrochemical cell has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Photo-electrochemical cell comprises a semiconductor responsive to a radiant ray, a charge transporting layer and a counter electrode. The cell contains a compound of formula (I) having a molecular weight of 1000 or less.    R1=an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group or an acylamino group;    Z1=an atomic group necessary to form a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring together with the nitrogen atom and the carbon atom.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a schematic cross section of the photo-electrochemical cell.    Glass substrate (1)    Conductor layer (2)    Titanium dioxide electrode (3)    Dye layer (4)    Electrolyte layer (5)    Platinum layer (6)    Glass (7)
NOVELTY - The canal (62) has a section which is within the inner part of the bipolar plate (10), that is as wide as the canal at its breathe on the bipolar (10) surface.    USE - Used in electrolyzer or fuel cell for storing and recovering electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The canal cross-section provide a sufficient fluid flow through the canals without the electrical resistance increasing through the stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bipolar plate (10) used in an electrolyzer or in a fuel cell has anode and cathode sides. At least one of or both plate surfaces on the anode and cathode have fluid supplying canals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a front view of the anode side of the bipolar plate.    bipolar plate (10)    canal (62)
NOVELTY - Oxygen is supplied through an oxygen-permeable layer (5), which separates an air supply space (6) from the reaction space.    USE - To produce hydrogen by hydrocarbon oxidation, especially of methanol, in a method suitable for supply to fuel cells, e.g. for vehicular transportation purposes.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor is simple and compact, producing satisfactory reaction and very pure hydrogen results. Load variation is accommodated without great control expense. Rapid hydrogen extraction through the hydrogen-permeable membrane, fosters Le Chatelier-Braun equilibrium shift, accelerating its generation. Combination of hydrogen extraction- and oxygen supply- hollow fibers is cited.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The layer (5) is selectively-permeable to oxygen. It is an active porous material, with surfaces catalytically-coated. The hydrogen- and/or oxygen permeable layers are flat or tubular membranes, or are formed by a group of one or more hollow fibers passing across the reaction space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the porous reactor (center layer) in cross-section, with oxygen permeation layer above, and hydrogen permeation layer below.    hydrogen-permeable layer (3)    oxygen-permeable layer (5)    air supply space (6)
NOVELTY - A solid electrolyte matrix production process comprises forming stalks from a solid electrolyte foil with electrodes.    USE - For high and low temperature electrochemical fuel cells, e.g. PEM fuel cells or SOFCs for electric motors, and mass separation processes, e.g. as a membrane or membrane support.    ADVANTAGE - The solid electrolyte matrix has a space-saving design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid electrolyte matrix is in the form of 0.28-10.0 mm diameter solid electrolyte stalks produced by forming a planar, structured, pleated or dished, plastic bipolar solid electrolyte foil with electrodes to stalks of 0.28-10.0 mm diameter and of 0.03-3.0 m length, e.g. of grass blade or corn stalk form. Preferred Features: ceramic, sol-gel, collagen, protein, gelatin, urea or starch foils may be folded to stalk (e.g. cigarette) form or wound to spiral tube form, granules may be extruded to a drinking straw form or a ceramic slip may be cast to straw form. The fuel cell current is supplied to electric motor driven wheels fitted with rubber tires.
NOVELTY - A molten carbonate fuel cell has an electrode support made of high porosity reticulated foam material placed on a face of at least one of the electrodes facing away from the matrix and forming pores.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The support eliminates the requirement of conventional fuel cell stack systems for expensive ribbed or corrugated separator plates. It provides the function of reactant gas distribution to the electrodes. It also eliminates the highest cost elements in a fuel cell stack such as perforated nickel and stainless steel plates/current collectors. It is capable of supplying electrolyte to the electrolyte matrix of the fuel cell during initial heat-up/conditioning. It is durable, lightweight and can withstand compressive forces.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A molten carbonate fuel cell comprises anode and cathode and an electrolyte matrix between the electrodes. An electrode support made of high porosity reticulated foam material is placed on a face of at least one of the electrodes facing away from the matrix and forming pores. An electrolyte is disposed within a portion of the pores where it flows into the matrix during initial conditioning of the cell.
NOVELTY - A molten carbonate fuel cell is produced by melting-in an electrolyte into a green cathode at elevated temperature and the part obtained is combined with an anode and heated. The anode and green cathode are combined as an assembly and separated by a matrix plate with electrolyte based on carbonate.    USE - For the production of electrochemical cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention imparts adequate strength to the cathode to enable it to be placed against the matrix with enough contact force, and protects the LiCoO2 against reduction during start-up.
NOVELTY - A solar battery device (100) is soaked in reaction solution (101) to which light is irradiated. The pinhole (105) formed on the transparent conductive layer or electrically conductive layer which are formed as upper or back electrodes, is filled up with insulating or semiconductor film (106). The selective filling up removes short circuit formed between upper and back electrodes.    USE -   For recovery of solar battery affected by short circuits.    ADVANTAGE -   The defects such as pinholes formed by short circuits, manufacture etc, are rectified by filling, by simple procedure. The stability of the element is maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of recovery method of solar battery device. (100) Solar battery device; (101) Reaction solution; (105) Pinhole portion; (106) Semiconductor film.
NOVELTY - A porous layer (102) is formed on a silicon wafer (101) by anodization, on which epitaxial growth of semiconductor layer is performed. Synthesis is performed on the surface of semiconductor layer and an opening is formed in the porous layer. The porous layer is etched via the opening and the semiconductor layer is isolated from the silicon wafer.    USE -   For manufacturing optoelectric transducer, solar battery, area sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Mass production of solar battery with good quality is obtained by forming thin film semiconductor with favorable characteristics efficiently. Manufacturing cost is reduced by using inexpensive metal substrate which can also be reused. Improves manufacturing efficiency by forming thin film semiconductor on both sides of substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows manufacturing process of solar battery. (101) Substrate; (102) Porous layer.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor is of a porous structure and is formed by coupling a spectral sensitization pigment through a chemical bond to the semiconductor.    USE -   The semiconductor is used in the electrode for the opto-electric conversion material used in the solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The semiconductor and the metal oxide have superior opto-electric conversion efficiency and exerts superior durability.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor microparticle layer (12) is formed on a conductive support base (11) using screen printing or sol-gel method. A sensitizing dye (13) is laminated over the semiconductor microparticle layer (12) using an extrusion die coater, a wire burr coater a slide hopper type coater or a spin coater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sensitizing dye is coated on the semiconductor microparticle layer after drying the microparticle layer. A counter electrode (16) is provided on organic hole transportation layer (15) that is formed over the sensitizing dye after an elapse of a predetermined time at which the sensitizing dye is adsorbed on the semiconductor microparticle layer.    USE -   For mass production of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to obtain solar battery with uniform photoelectric conversion property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing indicates a sectional view of solar battery. (11) Conductive support base; (12) Semiconductor microparticle layer; (13) Sensitizing dye; (15) Organic hole transportation layer; (16) Counter electrode.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical electrode (1) fastened to electrode blocks (2a,2b) is inserted to an armored can (4) by an insertion rod (3). The armored can is reversed to pull apart from the electrode block by a pushing-up rod (8). After reversing, one end surface of can is again pressed with the rod.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrode insertion apparatus.    USE -   For insertion of cylindrical electrode in cylindrical secondary battery used in portable telephone, notebook computer.    ADVANTAGE -   The cylinder type armored can fixes to a guide plate by pressing with an insertion rod. The stoppage of insertion or discontinuation of electrode is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a cross-sectional view showing principal composition of electrode insertion apparatus for cylindrical battery. (1) Electrode; (2a,2b) Electrode blocks; (3) Insertion rod; (4) Armored can; (8) Pushing-up rod.
NOVELTY - When modifier is stopped, inflow of fuel (16) and water (17) as well as outflow of modified gas (18) are stopped, and recirculating blower (12) and cooler (11) are operated, to modify residual gas into hydrogen gas, in a modifier (1).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recirculating line (3) for circulating gas to modifier is provided at modifier outlet. Outlet valve (14) is provided at outlet side of modifier and inlet valve (15) is provided at entrance side of modifier.    USE -   For modifier control of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   At modifier stoppage, blower and cooler are operated to remove carbon dioxide and water, to convert residual gas into hydrogen gas, which is stored in modifier and also prevents adhesion of methanol and water component to catalyst surface. Oxygen is prevented by oxidation of catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of modifier of fuel battery. (1) Modifier; (3) Recirculating line; (11) Cooler; (12) Blower; (14) Outlet valve; (15) Inlet valve; (16) Fuel; (17) Water; (18) Modified gas.
NOVELTY - Valves (11b,11c) driven by a motor are provided in the unused hydrogen gas pipe (9a) and air pipe (9b) connecting a combustion burner (6) and a battery stack (10). Valve (11a) driven by a motor is provided in the air pipe (9d) for controlling the passage of compressed air between the modifier (33), CO reducer (34) and compressor (83).    USE -   For gas pipelines.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases electricity generation efficiency and reduces the power consumption of the valves. Achieves size, weight and cost reduction. Improves safety and eliminates the need for a check-valve. Prevents the reverse flow and the leakage of inflammable hydrogen into the oxidizing agent gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery system. (6) Combustion burner; (9a) Hydrogen gas pipe; (9b,9d) Air pipe; (10) Battery stack; (11a-11c) Valves; (33) Modifier; (34) CO reducer; (83) Compressor.
NOVELTY - Main section of gas separator (2) has porous oxide board (6). An oxide film (7) of precise quality is coated to the surface of porous oxide board.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gas separator is installed between single cells and connected to each cell electrically. The flow paths of heating gas and oxygen containing gas that are supplied to single cell, are divided with gas separator. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas separator manufacturing method.    USE -   For formation of high solid electrolyte type fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Since the oxide film of precise quality is coated to the surface of porous oxide board, transmittance of air is sufficiently secured, thus excellent thermal shock resistance and thermo cycle-proof property of gas separator are obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the fragmentary sectional view of gas separator. (2) Gas separator main section; (6) Porous oxide board; (7) Oxide film.
NOVELTY - Metal separator (1) has grooves (3) for allowing gas flow. A composite coating consisting of noble metals mixed with at least fluororesin or fluoride graphite particle, exhibits eutectic property. The contact surface (2) of groove is coated with the composite.    USE -   For solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Exhibits low contact resistance property to separator with excellent water repellent property of groove, as the groove is coated with at least fluororesin or fluoride graphite particle and noble metals into skin layer. Enables excellent corrosion resistance and secures favorable gas flow facultativity, as the noble metals is mixed with at least fluororesin or fluoride graphite of composite coating.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the outline of the metal separator. (1) Metal separator; (2) Contact surface; (3) Groove.
NOVELTY - Carbon with large specific surface area is dispersed inorganic vanadium solution for adsorbing organic vanadium complex in the organic vanadium solution. Thereafter, the organic vanadium complex adsorption carbon is dried at a low temperature in inert atmosphere to obtain carbon powder carrying vanadium pentaoxide ultrafine particles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the electrical energy storage element manufacturing method.    USE -   For capacitor of electric vehicles, fuel battery, solar battery, emergency power source and backup power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases the content of vanadium in the electrical energy storage element and enables to obtain an electric capacitance of 138 f/g and output density of 711 w/kg. Excels in output density characteristic and achieves cost reduction.
NOVELTY - 35-45 mol% of P2O5, 0-15 mol% of SiO2, 0-50 mol% of GeO2 and 0-50 mol% of TiO2 are mixed so that the combination GeO2 and TiO2 is within 25-50 mol%. A heat treatment process is carried out to obtain a glass represented by chemical formula Li(1+X)(M,Al,Ga)X(Ge1-YTiY)2-X(PO4)3 in which X is within 0-0.8 and Y is within 0-1.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - ZrO2 and an oxide of an element selected from the group containing In,Fe,Cr,Sc,Y,La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb and Lu are mixed in the mol% range of 0-8% and 0-12%.    USE -   For lithium cell, gas sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to obtain glass with very high lithium ion conductivity.
NOVELTY - Amorphous carbon particle (1) with fibrous carbon surface has metal particles (2) adhered on its surface. When the carbon material is heated in oxidizing atmosphere, oxidation occurs based on the size of the metal particles adhered.    USE -   For fuel battery, capacitor, shield material, electronic substrate, composite material (claimed). The carbon material is also used in medical care, space science and electronic machines and sodium sulfur battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Carbon particles with required shape, pore volume, pore depth, antimicrobial activity and electronic conductivity after surface treatment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the semi-electron micrograph image of amorphous carbon particle. (1) Amorphous carbon particle; ; (2) Silver particle.
NOVELTY - Silicone resin is injected into the cavities (2',3') of respective metallic molds (A,B) to form silicone resin layer (2,3). The metallic molds are placed side by side and a metal thin plate is inserted in between such that silicone resin layers are formed on both sides of metal thin plate. The molds are closed and deformed to obtain silicone resin layer-metal plate composite.    USE -   For separator of fuel battery (claimed) and used as cushioning materials in electric and electronic components, packaging material and spacer.    ADVANTAGE -   The silicone resin layers are accurately and effectively formed on both sides of thin metal plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows outline of manufacture of resin-metal composite. (1) Thin metal plate; ; (2,3) Silicone resin layer; ; (2',3') Cavity.
NOVELTY - Formation of a silicone film comprises first - third processes described below and high grade silane represented by a general formula is used in a liquid-form state. The first process wherein an additive containing an atom belonging to the third group or the fifth group of a periodic table is added to high grade silane. The second process wherein high grade silane containing an additive prepared at the first process is applied on a substrate. The third process wherein through decomposition reaction of the additive-contained high grade silane applied on the substrate, a silicone film containing an atom belonging to the periodic table third group or the fifth group is formed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A general formula is SinH2n+2 or SinH2n, wherein n is an integral number of 3 n 7.    USE -   The silicone film is used in an LSI, a film transistor, a photo-sensitive substance, and a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   A cost of a device is decreased and application range is widened.
NOVELTY - Any one or two of flow regulating valves (19,21) that regulates supply of water by fuel side water pump (12) is configured in all the outlet path of heating gas of carbon monoxide conversion device (4) and modifier (3). The controller (20) adjusts amount of water supply by controlling the flow regulating valves and pump.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifier (3) carries out steam reforming of raw material and forms hydrogen rich reform gas. The carbon monoxide conversion device (4) uses reformed gas to transform carbon monoxide contained in it.    USE -   For generating power using solar polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Internal heat loss is restrained to minimum extent to humidify heating gas simultaneously.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of power generation system using solid polymeric type fuel battery. (3) Modifier; (4) Carbon monoxide conversion device; (12) Pump; (19,21) Valves; (20) Controller.
NOVELTY - An inert gas is supplied to control oxygen concentration at 600 C range from melting point of carbonate electrolyte.    USE -   For melting carbonate type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses gain of contact resistance between the collector boards and gas flow route is carried out, thus efficiently electricity generation is carried out.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows schematic sectional view of fuel battery.
NOVELTY - The solar cell comprises at least one active zone comprises molecules stacked on top of one another. The molecule have at least one n-conducting side and at least one p-conducting side.    USE - Solar cell    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The molecules are arranged on top of one another so that p-conducting and n-conducting sides each develop their own stacks. The molecules are synthesised from p-conducting phthalocyanines and n-conducting perylenes and evaporated onto a layer e.g p-conducting phthalocyanine. The upper layer comprises e.g n-conducting perylene.
NOVELTY - Reformer has a catalyst bed (2) and a burner formed by a catalytically active layer (1) with a first boundary surface (4) for the surrounding air and a second boundary surface (6) connected to the catalyst bed so that the reactant and the reformate gas can directly enter the layer (1). Heat transfer takes place at the same time over the second boundary surface.    USE - For endothermally and chemically converting a reactant to a reformate gas in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Material introduction and removal is simplified,    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the reformer.    catalytically active layer (1)    catalyst bed (2)    first boundary surface (4)    second boundary surface (6)
NOVELTY - Thin-layer solar cells are produced by coating an organic polymeric supporting material with at least one photovoltaically active layer and annealing them together. The supporting material has glass transition temperature 90-200 degrees C. Coating is carried out below the glass transition temperature and annealing is conducted at 400-600 degrees C using a laser for 0.01-1 s at 2-5000 W/mm2.    USE - The invention is used in the production of thin-layer solar cells, e.g. cadmium/tellurium (CdTe) solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides high efficiency solar cells. It permits the use of flexible films without the polymeric supporting material being damage by high temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar cell containing at least one photovoltaically active layer on a support.
NOVELTY - The separator is manufactured by forming a large number of Sn or Sn-alloy projections (24) on the surface of a separator plate (22) opposed to electrodes. Preferably, the projections are formed of an Sn-Bi alloy or Sn-Bi alloy doped with Ag. The separator is manufactured by applying molten metal (32) of Sn or an Sn alloy on the separator plate, and pressing a die with a large number of small holes against the molten metal so that the molten metal may enter the space defined by the plate and the small holes.    USE - Manufacture of separator for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The separator for a fuel cell, can maintain low contact resistance for a long time of service in an oxidative vapor atmosphere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of a fuel cell.    Separator plate (22)    Projections (24)    Molten metal (32)
NOVELTY - The electrode comprises a single, unitary, thin pressed flexible graphite sheet (10) with parallel opposed planar outer surfaces and needle-shaped ceramic fiber particles (30). The needle-shaped ceramic fiber particles are embedded in the flexible sheet extending from the opposed planar outer surfaces (22, 24) into the graphite sheet to provide the graphite sheet with permeability to gases.    USE - Useful as an electrode in electrochemical fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Impregnation of the resin plate with phenolic resin increases flexural strength, improved heat dispersion and lower voltage drop across its thickness when used as a fluid flow field plate in a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a combination of an electrode in the form of a single, unitary, thin, pressed flexible graphite sheet and a fluid flow fuel plate having a grooved surface arranged contiguous and in register with the electrode to receive exhaust gaseous fuel or oxidant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section sketch of a flexible graphite having a thickness of 0.01 inch containing ceramic fibers.    Flexible graphite sheet (10)    Parallel opposed planar surfaces (22, 24)    Ceramic fiber particles (30)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (10) includes a controller (122) electrically coupled with the fuel cell that shunts the electrical current between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell.    USE - Fuel cell for generating electrical power.    ADVANTAGE - Damage to the internal components upon failure of the fuel cell is prevented. The electrical power output of the fuel cell may be increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for controlling a fuel cell comprising (a) determining the voltage and current output of the fuel cell and (b) shunting electrical current between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A simplified representation of the electrical circuit of the invention.    Fuel cell (10)    Controller (122)
NOVELTY - A solar cell comprises: - an insulating substrate carrying a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer and a transparent second electrode; - a non-transparent electrode which includes non-transparent conductive strips formed on the surface; - and an electrode formed on the opposite substrate surface connected to the first electrode by conductive substrate vias, the non-conductive strips being located above the conducting vias.    USE - Especially as a copper-indium-gallium-selenide solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The lower electrode of the cell has low resistivity to reduce cell Joule loss.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a solar cell of the invention    Glass substrate (5)    First electrode (2)    Underside electrode (6)    Conductive vias connecting the underside electrode to the first electrode (6a)    Non-transparent conductive strips on the second electrode aligned above the conductive vias (3c)
NOVELTY - The preparation of a product having a transparent conductive oxide thin film is characterized in that a transparent conductive oxide thin film is formed on at least one part and on at least one side of a substrate using a Zn-In type oxide as a target, by laser ablation method.    USE -   The products invented can be used in electrodes for displays and solar cells.    ADVANTAGE -   The products have low surface resistivity and high transmittance of visible radiation with wavelengths of 450-800 nm.
NOVELTY - The device has a cylinder (13) provided in another cylinder (12) containing porous material, which inturn is covered by a cylinder (11). Air is passed between the cylinders (11,12) and carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (15) is filled between cylinders (12,13). The modified gas and the heating medium are passed into the cylinders.    USE -   For selective oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) generated by modified gas in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The selective oxidation of CO, is carried out reliably as the temperature of modified gas, is maintained in the predetermined range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the structure of CO selective oxidation device. (11-14) Cylinders; ; (15) Carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst.
NOVELTY - The oxidation apparatus has a cylinder provided with heat exchanger tube, heat transfer fin and a heating medium. A perforated panel and an air pipe comprising porous material is configured inside the cylinder. A baffle plate passes the modified gas filled in the cylinder. Catalyst which promotes selective oxidation of carbon monoxide is filled between the heat transfer fins.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The oxidation apparatus has a cylinder provided with heat exchanger tube, heat transfer fin and a heating medium. A perforated panel is provided such that heat transfer unit is covered with the cylinder object. An air pipe comprising porous material is configured inside the cylinder for ejecting air. A baffle plate moving in zigzag direction supports heat exchanger tube and air pipe and passes the modified gas filled in the cylinder. Catalyst which promotes selective oxidation of carbon monoxide is filled between the heat transfer fins.    USE -   For selective oxidation of carbon monoxide.    ADVANTAGE -   Temperature of the modified gas is maintained in a predetermined range.
NOVELTY - The modifier has a modifying pipe (1) which has a catalyst filled in the space between an inner cylinder (11) and an intermediate cylinder (12). A spiral vane (20) provided in the space between the inner cylinder and a combustion cylinder (8) enables spiral flow of a heat carrier gas in the space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifying pipe is equipped with a burner (2) to produce a heat carrier gas. The heat carrier flows inside the combustion cylinder and then flows in the space between the inner cylinder of the modifying pipe and the combustion pipe, in order to heat the catalyst layer. The catalyst layer consists of granular modification catalyst which modifies the original hydrocarbon fuel into gas rich in hydrogen. The spiral vane is formed by winding a rod or a tube spirally on the periphery of the combustion cylinder. A thermometer used for the control of the heating temperature of the catalyst layer is inserted within the pipe of the spiral vane. The hydrocarbon fuel flows on the catalyst layer and ejects externally from the space between the intermediate cylinder and an outer cylinder (13).    USE -   For manufacture of heating gas for fuel battery used for electrical power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the temperature gradient in the peripheral direction of the catalyst layer is made low, a local temperature rise is avoided. Therefore, the fuel modifier has long usage life. Even when the catalyst layer is heated from the outer side, the heat exchange is performed efficiently. The spiral vane is formed easily, and the thermometer is arranged easily. The thermometer and the spiral vane do not hinder the flow of the heat carrier. The temperature control in the fuel modifier is performed easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows cross-sectional view of fuel modifier. (1) Modifying pipe; ; (2) Burner; ; (8) Combustion cylinder; ; (11) Inner cylinder; ; (12) Intermediate cylinder; ; (13) Outer cylinder; ; (20) Spiral vane.
NOVELTY - The ion exchange membrane (1) comprises a porous layer (2) containing ion exchange resin distributed on one or both sides.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of the ion exchange membrane.    USE -   For electrochemical apparatus such as electrolyzer, solid polymer electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrolytic voltage is reduced as surface area of the membrane is increased. As the membrane is not ruptured, current efficiency is improved. Thermocompression bonding on the surface of the ion exchange membrane is performed at high temperature and strength of the resin is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional drawing of ion exchange membrane. (1) Ion exchange membrane; (2) Porous layer.
NOVELTY - A direct methanol type fuel cell comprises at least one fuel cell unit (18) including an anode (16) and a cathode (14) and an ion exchange membrane (12) interposed between them; a number of separators (20), each comprising an aqueous methanol solution flow-adjusting plate (82) made of a porous conductive material, and having grooves (82a) formed in parallel to a direction of gravity, and an oxygen containing gas flow-adjusting plate (80) having grooves (80a)    USE - Direct methanol type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The aqueous methanol solution can be stably supplied at a uniform concentration to the entire operating surface of the anode. Thus the aqueous methanol solution can be reliably supplied in a proper amount to the entire anode. The power generation performance of the fuel cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a direct methanol type fuel cell of the invention.    Ion exchange membrane (12)    Cathode (14)    Anode (16)    Fuel cell units (18)    Separators (20)    End plates (22a,22b)    Fuel introducing hole (42f)
NOVELTY - The container (1) has an inlet (E) for a medium (2, 3), and two outlets (A1, A2). It is divided at least into two compartments (5, 6) by means of at least one element (4) letting through fluids. The compartments are arranged so that one (5) of them with the outlet (A1) adjoins the inlet (E), while the other (6) with the outlet (A2) is remote from it.    USE - For operation of fuel cells in vehicles powered by them.    ADVANTAGE - The container is suitable also for low-purity methanol.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing schematically depicts the proposed container.    Fuel in initial state (2+3)    Contaminants (2, 3)    Separating element (4)    Container compartments (5, 6)    Outlets (A1, A2)    Inlet (E)    Valve and/or pump (V)
NOVELTY - Electrically conducting, flexible mechanically stable layer material contains a preformed conducting porous layer material containing non-metal particles as a conducting component. The pores of the layer material are partially or completely filled with a hardenable resin, and the conducting particles are not essentially encapsulated by this resin.    USE - For shielding electromagnetic radiation, as mechanical reinforcement of gas diffusion electrodes as a bipolar plate separating reactants in electrochemical cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The material has good mechanical strength and high elastic modulus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of the electrically conducting, flexible mechanically stable layer material comprising filling the pores of the preformed layer material with a hardenable resin and essentially not enclosing the conducting particles with the resin
NOVELTY - A transparent electroconductive film, cadmium sulphide film and a cadmium telluride film are sequentially formed on a transparent insulated substrate. A laser radiation (10) of wavelength below the absorption range of the cadmium telluride is irradiated from the transparent insulated substrate side. A selected portion of cadmium telluride film is removed to form predetermined pattern.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the solar battery.    USE -   For domestic electric power applications.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides outstanding output characteristics and raises electricity generation efficiency of solar battery with low series resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the manufacture of the solar battery.    Laser radiation (10)
NOVELTY - N-type fine crystal silicon layer (104), crystal orientation property control layer (116), crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion layer (105) and reverse conductivity type layer (106) are sequentially formed on a board (101). The amorphous silicon layer formed by plasma CVD method at less than 350C, is crystallized by pulse laser annealing.     DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The pulse laser has wavelength of 400 mm or less and the energy density is 50 mJ/cm2or more.    USE -   For silicon group thin film in solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Forms high quality crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion layer, thus improves performance of photoelectric conversion unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model perspective view of crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit. (101) Board; (104) Amorphous silicon layer; (105) Photoelectric conversion layer; (106) Reverse conductivity type layer; (116) Control layer.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery laminate (10) consists of alternately arranged unit fuel battery cells (12) and separators (14). The cell consists of solid polymer electrolyte film (16) provided between anode and cathode lateral electrodes (18,20). The end faces of the cell adjoints either sides of the separator which protrudes along the orthogonal direction of laminate.    USE -   For use in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The projecting edge portion of the separator functions as a cooling fin and the heat generated by a fuel battery cell can be regulated effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross sectional view of fuel battery laminate. (10) Fuel battery laminate; (12) Fuel battery cells; (14) Separators; (16) Solid polymer electrolyte film; (18,20) Electrodes.
NOVELTY - Town gas, liquefied petroleum gas and hydrogen rich gas are used as fuel in electrical power generator. An instant flowmeter (9a) and integrating flowmeter (9b) are installed serially in the fuel line and the rate of flow of fuel gas is measured.    USE -   For use in fuel battery electrical power generators.    ADVANTAGE -   The correction of instant flowmeter using the output of total flowmeter is securable, thereby enabling a stable prolonged run of the power generator. Damage of fuel battery main body is prevented by measuring and thereby controlling the rate of flow of fuel gas. The workability and dependability of the power generator are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of flowmeter. (9a) Instant flowmeter; (9b) Integrating flowmeter.
NOVELTY - Predetermined amount of modified gas ejected from the modifier (7) is supplied to the alloy container (12) through the modify gas line (14) during run condition of modifier. The hydrogen absorbing alloy (11) stored in the container absorbs the hydrogen in the modified gas. The absorbed hydrogen is fed back to the modifier, when it is stopped.    USE -   In solid polymeric fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents condensation of fuel such as methanol and water vapor. Pressure of fuel battery is not changed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of modifier. (7) Modifier; (11) Hydrogen absorbing alloy; (12) Alloy container; (14) Gas line.
NOVELTY - Multiple grooves (2) for gas passages are formed on one side or both sides of the separator (1). The bottom of the groove has curved surface portion (3).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of separator.    USE -   For solid polymeric type fuel battery used as distributed power supply for motor vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves adhesion between cells, thereby minimizing contact electricity resistance. Gas leakage is eliminated by formation of groove during battery assembling.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of channel-like separator of solid polymeric fuel battery. (1) Separator; (2) Multiple groove; (3) Curved surface portion.
NOVELTY - A tubular compact of separator comprises 60-85 wt% of graphite powder having mean particle size of 50-100 m, and 15-40 wt% of thermosetting resin. The specific resistance and bending strength of the compact are below 300*10- 4 ohm cm and 300 kgf/cm2or more, respectively. The ratio of specific resistance along thickness direction and direction of compact surface is 7 or less.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of separator.    USE -   For solid polymeric fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The separator has high material characteristics such as bending strength but low specific resistance. The reduction in efficiency of electricity generation by increase in internal resistance of a battery is suppressed. The separator excels in workability, electricity generating operation, strength, durability and corrosion resistance.
NOVELTY - The rotary electric machine (25) is connected to rotation shaft of turbine compressor. When load (41) connected to fuel battery (13) is increased, rotary electric machine is operated as motor, based on power supply from the auxiliary storage battery (30). When load is reduced, the rotary electric machine is operated as generator, and the auxiliary storage battery is charged.    USE -   For controlling output of fuel battery used in turbine combined cycle power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Need for using several high pressure pipings by using same rotary electric machine as motor and generator corresponding to increase and reduction of load connected to fuel battery thereby operation efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel battery. (13) Fuel battery; (25) Rotary electric machine; (30) Auxiliary storage battery; (41) Load.
NOVELTY - A plate (14) with a rib is provided with a gas passageway (14a) for hot gas supply, that is distributed opposite to a fuel electrode (12). A hole connects the gas passageway to the rib, that is distributed opposite to an air electrode (13).    USE -   In phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents corrosion of plate distributed in contact with air electrode, hence battery with high reliability and stable running state is achieved. Prevents raise of potential of air electrode even when amount of supply of hot gas is insufficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional chart of fuel battery. (12) Fuel electrode; (13) Air electrode; (14) Plate; (14a) Gas passageway.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte grain is made up of cerium oxide containing one or more kinds of divalence or trivalence liquefied metals. The electrolyte grain is interposed between the surfaces of solid electrolyte film (3c) which touches air pole (2c) or fuel pole (4c).    USE -   In solid electrolyte fuel battery for electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Unevenness of solid electrolyte film is reduced thereby improving electricity generation efficiency and reliability of solid electrolyte fuel battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fragmentary sectional view of triple layered film of solid electrolyte fuel battery. (2c) Air pole; (3c) Solid electrolyte film; (4c) Fuel pole.
NOVELTY - 3-20 m of conductive coating films are formed on the austenitic stainless steel which acts as base material surface and electrically conductive graphite powder mixed with carbon black powder is used as coating films.    USE -   Used for solid polymeric fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   By using graphite powder mixed with carbon powder, the contact resistance on the surface of coating film is reduced. The resistance coating stainless steel surface is reduced by activating it by pickling. When used in the environment of prolonged vibration or shock, a gap is not produced in the contact surface of separator and stable conductivity is maintained.
NOVELTY - The silicon crystal substrate which has p-type conductivity mold is heated to predetermined temperature. Then, oxygen, titanium compound and phosphorus compound of gaseous state are supplied to silicon substrate (1). The amount of supply ratio of the titanium with phosphorus is changed. n-type film is formed such that atomic ratio of the phosphorus opposing to titanium is set to 1:(0.1-1.5).    USE -   For silicon crystal solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since titanium oxide of uniform thickness is obtained, anti-reflective coating with favorable interference effect is obtained. Therefore number of processes is made few.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the state when forming titanium oxide film on silicon substrate. (1) Silicon substrate.
NOVELTY - The transducer includes a working electrode (10) consisting of a semiconductor layer (3) and a counter electrode (11) between which a solid layer (5) consisting of polymeric porous film is provided. An electrolyte (4) is maintained in the clearance of the solid layer.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrolyte leaking or volatilizing reduces as polymeric porous film is used and as well as prevents short circuit. Stabilizes photoelectric conversion efficiency for a long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of optoelectric transducer. (3) Semiconductor layer; (4) Electrolyte; (5) Solid layer; (10) Working electrode; (11) Counter electrode.
NOVELTY - A power generation tank is made vacuum and a vacuum pump (9) is installed at the middle of a gas emission pipe line. Regenerated output of the fuel battery promotes emasculation of the chemical reaction, to generated vacuum negative pressure in the tank. Ion, electron and molecule inside the tank are excited and emission of hydride of used gas, air and electricity generation capability is measured.    USE -   Vacuum utilizing type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Excels in electricity generation. Provides small, lightweight fuel battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows box type electricity generation tank. (9) Vacuum pump.
NOVELTY - The inlet temperature of battery cooling water is controlled by the temperature control valve (42) based on the amount of electricity generated and the temperature of the cooling water. The pressure of the steam separator (2) is regulated by a pressure regulating valve (6) based on steam separator pressure detected by pressure indicator (21). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The amount of electricity generated is detected by a detector (10) and the temperature of the cooling water is detected by thermometer (42). The pressure of the steam separator is regulated by releasing steam via the pressure regulating valve (6).    USE -   For operating fuel battery based electrical power generating device used for water cooling system.    ADVANTAGE -   As the temperature of the battery cooling water supplied to the fuel battery is maintained at a predetermined temperature, the operating temperature of the fuel battery is stabilized and the battery is operated reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of cooling water system of the fuel battery based electrical power generating device. (2) Steam separator; (6) Pressure regulating valve; (10) Detector; (21) Pressure indicator; (42) Thermometer.
NOVELTY - The by-pass line (33) connected in parallel to a fuel air preheater (31), shunts a portion of combustion exhaust gas flowing into the preheater. When the temperature of by-pass line and modification catalyst tube (27a) of gas modifier (27), exceeds preset value, a controller (35) controls the opening of flow control valve (34) to be more.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The combustion air of fuel battery (29), from the air blower (23), is supplied to modification catalyst tube (27a) of gas modifier (27). The pipe is supplied with the heating gas from a desulfurizer (21). Then, the exhaust air is heated by a burner (27b) of gas modifier. The heated air is sent to a carbon monoxide transformer (28).    USE -   For opening control of flow control valve in electric power generator using phosphoric acid fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables maintaining pressure at the outlet side of fuel pole in lower level, even when the efficiency of gas modifier is reduced, thus continuous rated operation of electric power generator is facilitated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electric power generator using phosphoric acid fuel battery. (21) Desulfurizer; (23) Air blower; (27) Gas modifier; (27a) Catalyst; (27b) Burner; (28) Carbon monoxide transformer; (29) Fuel battery; (31) Preheater; (33) By-pass line; (34) Flow control valve; (35) Controller.
NOVELTY - The L-shaped or pin-shaped terminal for measuring the voltage of pin like potential tap (3) is provided to the separator.    USE -   In fuel battery stack with cell potential tap.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the terminal is suitable for the thin separator, the fuel battery size is reduced and the abnormality of each cell can be promptly detected by the terminal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the external view of the fuel battery stack. (3) Potential tap.
NOVELTY - The battery includes a gas passage board (11) formed from mixture of conductive resin and copper powder. The grooves (6a,6b) in gas passage board enable supplying heating gas and oxidizing gas respectively to electrodes (2a,2b) configured on either sides of solid polymer electrolyte film (1).    USE -   In electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Gas passage board cheaply made from conductive resin offers a favorable electric conductivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded sectional view of the battery. (1) Electrolyte film; (2a,2b) Electrodes; (6a,6b) Grooves; (11) Gas passage board.
NOVELTY - The phosphoric acid fuel battery and the solid polymeric fuel battery are arranged on either sides of a hydrogen supply apparatus. Hydrogen of concentration 1 vol% or less of CO concentration is supplied to the phosphoric acid fuel battery. During high load run, hydrogen of 100 ppm or less of CO concentration is supplied to the solid polymeric fuel battery by PSA tower from the hydrogen supply apparatus.    USE -   In hybrid fuel battery system for base load electricity generation, DSS electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Load of the two fuel batteries are specified so that electric power load pattern of battery installation site is suited, hence load fluctuation can be controlled efficiently. Supplement machine power can be reduced, hence battery system can be simplified, initial cost can be cut back and running cost can be lowered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen supply apparatus.
NOVELTY - The battery includes solid polymer electrolyte film (5) whose either sides are bonded with hydrogen and oxygen pole side collectors (21,22), respectively through porous layers (71,72). The water repellent resin content of oxygen electrode side porous layer is larger than that of hydrogen electrode side porous layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The water repellent resin content of oxygen electrode being larger than hydrogen electrode, sufficient gas supply ability and catalyst ability are obtained. Battery with sufficient output property is hence obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded perspective view of battery. (5) Solid polymer electrolyte film; (21) Hydrogen pole side collector; (22) Oxygen pole side collector; (71,72) Porous layers.
NOVELTY - Water repellent carbon black is added as catalyst to polytetrafluoroethylene coated on reaction and gas supply layers (2,3), respectively of the gas diffusion electrode (1).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of gas diffusion electrode. The slurry containing PTFE powder with carbon particles is coated on the gas supply layer sheet at a thickness of 0.5 mm or less. After drying the gas supply sheet, the surfactant is removed and the gas supply layer sheet is heated beyond the melting point of PTFE. The gas supply sheet is then pressed on the electrode at greater than 330 C.    USE -   For electrolysis of fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The addition of water repellent black carbon increases the bonding strength of reaction and gas supply layers. The flexible gas supply layer prevents the spilling of liquid from gas diffusion electrode to the gas chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas diffusion electrode. (1) Gas diffusion electrode; (2) Reaction and gas supply layers.
NOVELTY - A furnace wall provided with an outer covering (3) has a layer of husk (2) in the interior. The space (4) between the husk and the covering is maintained at reduced pressure and has a radiation reflex layer (6).    USE -   For purifying silicon by vacuum melting for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Thermal efficiency of the heating furnace is improved and the heat dissipated to the outside of reactor is reduced thereby reducing power consumption by 10%.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a cross sectional view of the heating furnace. (1) Heating furnace; (2) Husk; (3) Outer covering; (4) Space; (6) Radiation reflex layer.
NOVELTY - In the fuel cell stack, the fuel gas passage (6), the oxidizing gas flow passage (7) and the cooling water flow passage (8) are constructed by the combination of a diffuser comprising a conductive porous body or a corrugated plate and an elastic gasket. The number of parts is reduced and operating performance is improved by integrally forming the gasket with the separator.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - A cutting operation is not required since the fuel gas passage (6), the oxidizing gas flow passage (7) and the cooling water flow passage (8) are constructed by a combination of a diffuser and an elastic gasket. The number of parts can be reduced. Operating performance is improved, and costs are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell stack includes fuel cells having an electrode arranged on both sides of the solid electrolyte and separators, each of which comprises a gas-impermeable, dense conductive plate and gasket. The fuel cells are laminated to form a stack between current collectors.    Any one of the fuel gas passage (6), the oxidizing gas flow passage (7) and the cooling water flow passage (8) is provided on the side surface of the fuel cell and/or separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fuel cell stack in accordance with the invention.    Fuel cell (1)    Separator (2)    Fuel gas flow passage (6)    Oxidizing agent gas flow passage (7)    Cooling water flow passage (8)    Current collecting plate (9)    Insulating plate (11)    End plate (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell base tube, containing coarse base tube raw material particles or metal oxide particles, is new.    USE - For an integral sintered fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The coarse particles cause nonuniform shrinkage of the base tube on sintering to provide increased porosity and pore diameter for improved energy production properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A base tube for a fuel cell, produced by forming fuel and air electrodes on the base tube surface, consists of a mixture of the base tube raw material and either coarse particles of the same material or a metal oxide. Preferred Features: The mixture comprises the base tube raw material (especially calcium oxide-stabilized zirconia) of 1 microns average particle diameter and 10-40 wt. % of either coarse particles of at least 5 microns particle diameter or NiO, CoO or FeO particles of the same diameter as the base tube raw material or of at least 5 microns particle diameter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell base electrode.    porous base tube (1)    fuel electrode (2)    solid electrolyte (3)    air electrode (4)    connector (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel battery containing gas guide plates features that at least two gas guide plats parallel basically are contained in it and between them the carbon paper, catalyst, electrolyte. Catalyst and carbon paper are sequentially arranged and said gas guide plate has gas guide slots composed of one or more segments. The total cross-section of each segment is gradually reduced from gas inlet to gas outlet.    USE -   Fuel battery containing gas guide board.    ADVANTAGES -   The oxygen in air flowing in gas guide slots has an intensive diffusion towards catalyst and electrolyte, so stabilizing the performance of generating electricity.
NOVELTY - Compositions for electro-catalytic activity are screened providing a test composition that is a mixture of two substances. A quantity of the composition is deposited on a discrete area on a substrate to form a test device to be placed into a reaction cell with a medium and an ion indicator. A potential and an excitation radiation are applied to the device and emission radiation is then measured.    USE - For identifying new materials for use as catalysts, e.g. electrodes, in electrochemical reactions such as those that occur in fuel cells or batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Many electrochemical reactions can be monitored including oxidation and reduction of organic molecules, oxidation of hydrogen, reduction of oxygen, reduction of nitric oxides, oxidation or reduction of carbon monoxide, uptake or release of lithium ions and formation or electrochemical discharge of metal hydrides.
NOVELTY - The cell has a construction which restrains resilient gas diffusion layers (312, 312') from impingement or encroachment of field flow plate channels, and improves contact between the gas diffusion layers and membrane electrode assembly (310).    USE - For fluid service in fuel cell assemblies e.g. in the automotive industry.    ADVANTAGE - The mechanical components of the cell are supported in such an away as to promote fluid flow and electrical conductivity within the cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Method of promoting fluid service for a fuel cell assembly by; (a) Providing a flow field plate having an open-face flow channel in its face extending between inlet and exit fluid manifolds and adapted to service at least one fluid for a membrane electrode assembly (310) of the fuel cell. (b) Locating a resilient gas diffusion layer (312, 312') between the flow field plate face and the membrane assembly adapted to dynamically occupy a space in the fuel cell assembly. (c) Restraining the gas diffusion layer against entering the flow channel under a compressive force applied to the fuel cell assembly including abutting the first side of a support member with the flow field plate face and the second side with the gas diffusion layer, the support member formed with a plurality of openings for fluid service. The method is also used to promote electrical conductivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side section of a fuel cell.    Fluid flow plates (200, 200')    Anode and cathode faces (202, 202')    Fuel flow channels (204, 204')    Membrane electrode assembly (310)    Gas diffusion layers (312, 312')    Lands (314, 314')    Support members (520, 520')    First sides of supports (530, 532)    Second sides of supports (530', 532')    Openings (534, 534')    Interfaces (550, 550')
NOVELTY - Conductive resin composition(I) comprising (A) liquid crystal polymer(s) and (B) conductive filler(s) is claimed.    USE -   (I) and (II) are used as material for preparation of separators and seals for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   (I) and (II) are prepared and molded readily. (I) and (II) give molded articles having good mechanical strength, conductivity, sealing properties and resistance gas-permeation.
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide removal device consists of a catalytic reaction chamber (12) filled with a modifying gas and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (11). Carbon monoxide and hydrogen are passed through it.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalytic reaction chamber is filled with a modifying gas and contains carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen are passed through it. It is adjoined through a partition (13) to a cooling medium chamber (14). Cooling medium chamber is supplied with water preheated to more than the minimum reaction temperature of the catalyst to cover the partition. The pressure of the cooling chamber is setup, so that the boiling temperature of the steam under high pressure provides the optimum reaction temperature of the carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst.    USE -   Used in fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   A high catalytic activity is maintained as the carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst is maintained at a fixed temperature. Exhaustion of hydrogen is minimum and the thermal efficiency is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The diagram shows the carbon monoxide removal device. (11) Carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst; ; (12) Catalytic reaction chamber; ; (13) Partition; ; (14) Cooling medium chamber.
NOVELTY - The porous film made from vinylidene fluoride type resin, has thickness ranging from 50-100 m. Average diameter of the force in the film ranges from 0.1-3 m with porosity of 40-90%.    USE -   In solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The film with porosity and thickness as per present invention excels in humidification property and is of reduced size. The film prevents water droplets oozing to the gas side. The size reduction permits usage of solid film in fuel batteries.
NOVELTY - A molybdenum layer having a compressive stress of 0-0.4 GPa is provided on a glass substrate. A thin film layer of a CIS-based semiconductor is provided on the molybdenum layer. The glass substrate is heated in an atmosphere of selenium vapour or an atmosphere of sulfur vapor held in vacuum.    USE -   The method produces a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The method prevents separation between the substrate and the molybdenum layer, a decrease in adherence between the molybdenum layer and the thin film layer of CIS-based semiconductor, and an increase in contact resistance at the interface of the molybdenum layer and the thin film layer of the CIS-based semiconductor. The resulting solar battery has enhanced opto-electric conversion characteristics and good reproducibility.
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic element comprises a conductive support, a layer containing semiconductor fine particles having adsorbed dye, a hole transporting layer, and a counter electrode. The hole transporting layer contains an aromatic amine compound having at least two monovalent reactive groups having one bonding hand.    USE -   For solar cells in place of conventional silicon solar cells.    ADVANTAGE -   The new photovoltaic element has an extended operating life.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized photovoltaic cell. (1) conductive glass; (2) conductive layer; (3) TiO2 electrode; (4) dye layer; (5) hole transporting layer; (6) counter electrode.
NOVELTY - The formation of a silicon film contains: (a) facling the silicon film-forming surface of a body to be formed into the silicon film against a gas supply opening having an area equal to or larger than the film-forming surface: (b) spraying a gas using higher silane as its principal constituent from the opening at the film-forming surface: c) decomposing the gas on the film-forming surface.    USE -   The method forms the silicon film used in an LSI, thin film transistor, solar battery, and photoreceptor.    ADVANTAGE -   The silicon film has uniform thickness regardless of the size of the film area. The body to be formed into the silicon film has enhanced non-defective rate. The solar battery has enhanced electrical characteristics and is available at a lower cost.
NOVELTY - Fuel battery laminate (20) is sandwiched between upper portion (31) of upper end plate (30) and lower portion (41) of lower end plate (40). Two flat plates (32,42) placed adjoining end plates in upper and lower portions are divided into small blocks (32a,42a). The end plates are tightened by tightening mechanism (11) through flexible unit (15).    USE -   In fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since end plates are tightened, fuel battery laminate contact property is improved thereby improving electricity generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of fuel battery apparatus. (11) Tightening mechanism; (15) Flexible unit; (20) Fuel battery laminate; (30) Upper end plate; (31) Upper portion; (32,42) Flat plates; (32a,42a) Blocks; (40) Lower end plate; (41) Lower portion.
NOVELTY - The end pin (25) of hold pin (20) is inserted into hold pin inserting entrance hole (11) and retaining inserting entrance hole (12) to join with retainer (10) which holds a cell (13) projecting from exterior of separator (2B). The projecting portion fits into pin end insertion hole (26) of hold pin of adjoining cell, thus laminating the cells.    USE -   In solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since hold pin is used for laminating, lamination of many cells can be performed quickly and reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of cell composition of solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery. (2B) Separator; (10) Retainer; (11) Hold pin inserting entrance hole; (12) Retaining inserting entrance hole; (13) Cell; (20) Hold pin; (25) End pin; (26) Pin end insertion hole.
NOVELTY - Portion of water vapor is condensed from the waste gas and is recovered as cooling water. A portion of remnant water vapor separated by isolator (9) and consumed by the vapor suction unit (H), is ejected through ejector (GE). The remnant vapor guided from the isolator is ejected through ejector (YE) and supplied to the recovery unit (W).    USE -   For power generation system using fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Raises exhaust heat utilization efficiency, as the water vapor is isolated easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of power generation system. (9) Isolator; (GE,YE) Ejectors; (H) Vapor suction unit; (W) Recovery unit.
NOVELTY - Air is supplied from air compressor (1), to a modifier (2), via a flow path. A switching unit (4) changes air discharge from air compressor, to any of fuel battery (3) and the modifier. A controller (7) controls the compressor so that temperature of air at the time of starting of the modifier, is set to predefined value.    USE -   In motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Speeds start-up reaction of fuel gas generation, thereby shortening battery starting time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a schematic diagram of the air compressor control mechanism. (1) Air compressor; (2) Modifier; (3) Fuel battery; (4) Switching unit; (7) Controller.
NOVELTY - A combustor (6) burns the unused hydrogen ejected from a modifier (3). Pipelines (9e,9f) eject the waste gas from the combustor, externally. Heat exchangers (12,13) are arranged between waste gas pipelines and modifier pipeline (16).    USE -   For fuel battery systems using methanol as fuel.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents condensation of water on fuel gas feed pipe. Facilitates stable supply of fuel gas without interruption during start up or run, thereby facilitating continuous power generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows schematic diagram of the battery system. (3) Modifier; (6) Combustor; (9e,9f) Pipelines; (12,13) Heat exchangers; (16) Modifier pipeline.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen absorbing alloy (11) is heated by the gas ejected from the fuel battery (2).    USE -   For heating alloy in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   As the gas from fuel battery itself heats the alloy efficiently is increased and manufacturing cost of battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the schematic diagram of alloy heating system of fuel battery. (2) Fuel battery; (11) Hydrogen absorbing alloy.
NOVELTY - Water vapor collected in an evaporation chamber (51) is condensed by adiabatic compression in cooling chamber (52). The cooled water vapor is supplied to the heat exchanger (54) as raw water. The vapor is heated to predefined temperature inside a heat exchanger to obtain distilled water, which is then supplied to cooling unit (7).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - After heating the water vapor, fresh water is mixed, to evaporate fresh water. The vapors of fresh water is condensed in the heat exchanger and is used as cooling water.    USE -   For power generation system using fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables utilizing the exhaust water vapor effectively, by forming cooling water by heat exchange process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of power generation system. (7) Cooling unit; (51) Evaporation chamber; (52) Cooling chamber; (54) Heat exchanger.
NOVELTY - The sealant consists of the liquid-like vulcanized per-fluoro vulcanized rubber having viscosity below 105 poise at room temperature and has poly tetra fluoro ethylene fine powder added to it.    USE -   For laminated fuel battery sealant.    ADVANTAGE -   Usage of vulcanized rubber for the seal martensite more reliable and thin seals can be made. The seal can be applied at low pressure even on uneven contact surface.
NOVELTY - An airtight seat (4) made of corrosion resisting material, covers the sides of cooling plate (1). A cooling pipe (2) having covering tube (3A) made of corrosion resisting material, penetrates into airtight seat of cooling plate, such that protrusions (6) of covering tube enters into eaves formed between seat and cooling plate.    USE -   In phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents entry of phosphoric acid into cooling plate, thereby prevents corrosion. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of cooling plate assembly. (1) Cooling plate; (2) Cooling pipe; (3A) Covering tube; (4) Airtight seat; (6) Protrusion.
NOVELTY - The structure includes a gas-permeable board (21) incorporating a cooling pipe (22). Gas-impermeable boards (24) are affixed to upper and lower surface of the gas-permeable board. A fluororesin film (25) is then fixed along the end faces of gas-permeable board such that it extends to junction part of gas-permeable and gas-impermeable boards. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of cooling structure.    USE -   In fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   As the fluororesin film is extended to junction parts of gas-permeable and gas-impermeable boards, penetration of gas seal and an electrolyte even after prolonged use is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows expanded sectional diagram of portion of cooling structure. (21) Gas-permeable board; (22) Cooling pipe; (24) Gas-impermeable board; (25) Fluororesin film.
NOVELTY - Tank (10) which stores gas is held on the gas holder (8) such that reflecting plates (11) placed in predetermined positions to reflect infrared rays (5) radiated by the tank into the sky. A shade (12) is provided to shield tank from infrared rays emitted by spacecraft (M).    USE -   Used as cooling device which holds gas tanks containing oxygen, hydrogen etc which is used as fuel battery to generate electrical power in spacecrafts etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Due to the reflective plates of predetermined shapes, and also due to the shade provided, effective cooling of the tank is performed. Moreover, the temperature of the gas can be controlled by adjusting the quantity of infrared rays going to the tank and thus the gas pressure can be controlled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the side view of the heat release type gas tank holder. (5) Infrared rays; (8) Gas holder; (10) Tank; (11) Reflecting plate; (12) Shade; (M) Spacecraft.
NOVELTY - The metal powder consisting of one species from Ag, Cu and Ni is mixed with oxide of either Bi, Fe or Ag to form a crystalline complex oxide compound. A group V element is also included. The mixture ratio of oxide powder in the total solid is in the range of 0.1-5.0 volume%.    USE -   For solar battery manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers low contact resistance with good adhesive strength for forming large electrode due to the metal combination and also due to n-type semiconductor substrate.
NOVELTY - A water transport plate for a fuel cell has a maximum thru-plane resistivity of 0.04 ohm-cm, a minimum compressive yield strength of 750 psi, a maximum pore size of 3.0 microns, a minimum open porosity of 30 volume percent and a bubble pressure of 5-15 psig. The water permeability through the transport plate is 30 x 10-17 - 2000 x 10-17 m2.    USE - The water transport plate is used in a fuel cell for water management.    ADVANTAGE - The water transport plate has an improved structural integrity. It has a more uniform bubble pressure. Due to these advantages, the use of thinner components which results in reduced cost and greater power per unit volume is made possible. An optimal balance between bubble pressure and water permeability is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of using the water transport plate in a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - After applying adhesive on electrically conductive layers (18, 24), edge zone (3') is heated partially and pressure is exerted locally to form a space partially bounded by semiconductor material layer (14). Electrolytic liquid (16) is supplied to the space to separate the layer (18) from layer (14). The remaining portion is then heated to seal the liquid in the space.    USE - For manufacturing photovoltaic cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since electrolytic injection and local heating can be performed simultaneously, production time and cost are reduced considerably. Seals electrolytic liquid without increasing internal pressure. Improved performance of cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Crystalline metal oxide semiconductor material layer (14) is formed on electrically conductive layer (24) , and another electrically conducting layer (18) is formed. Thermoplastic adhesive (3) is applied on the layers (24,18) to form edge zone bounding the oxide material in peripheral direction.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a photovoltaic cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a solar cell manufactured according to the invention.    Edge zone (3')    Transparent polymer foil (13)    Semiconductor material layer (14)    Dye sensitizer layer (15)    Liquid electrolyte (16)    Flexible polymer layer (17)    Electrically conductive layers (18, 24)
NOVELTY - The etchant liquid used for etching multilayered electrically conductive film (5) comprises sulfuric and nitric acid. A buffer is also provided in the etching liquid for restraining the volatilization of the nitric acid.    USE -   For etching multilayered silver film containing indium oxide for manufacture of transparent electrode used in LCD, input-output device, solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The whole multilayered electrically conductive film is etched equally and the generation of residue is suppressed. Therefore the pattern, accuracy is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure represents enlarged sectional drawing of the multilayered electrically conductive film on substrate. (5) Multilayered electrically conductive film.
NOVELTY - The solid solution powder of indium oxide-tin oxide is mutually collided in an air current or against a colliding unit. The mass is later molded and sintered.    USE -   For use in display electrode of flat panel display, window material for solar batteries, and an antistatic film.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrically conductive films having very high density can be made easily by this process. The sintering compact suppresses generation of nodule under sputtering, and hence suppresses adherence of the particle to a substrate.
NOVELTY - Gas containing water vapor (13) generated by combustion of hydrogen is sprayed on the surface of molten metal silicon (6), to remove boron contained in the metal silicon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for boron removal apparatus which consists of a container (7) containing molten metal silicon and a hydrogen burner (2) to spray high temperature gas containing water vapor which oxidizes boron contained in the molten metal surface.    USE -   For removing boron from metal silicon which is used for manufacturing solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Boron is effectively removed from metal silicon with less power consumption during manufacture of solar batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure illustrates the apparatus for removing boron from metal silicon. (2) Hydrogen burner; ; (6) Molten metal silicon; ; (7) Container; ; (13) Gas containing water vapor.
NOVELTY - A return line (61) for returning waste gas (60', 70') to the feed site is located between the feed site (5) and the post-combustion chamber (6). The feed site has a spray for injecting a liquid fuel.    USE - For reforming fuel gas.    ADVANTAGE - Heat released absorbed during reforming is utilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Unit (1) comprises high temperature fuel cells (20), a feed site (5) for a fuel (50), a reformer (4) connected to the feed site, in which fuel is catalytically converted partially into CO and H2O in the presence of H2O and with the introduction of process heat, and a post-combustion chamber (6) connected to exits of the fuel cells (20).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the unit with high temperature fuel cells.    unit (1)    feed site (5)    post-combustion chamber (6)    high temperature fuel cells (20)    fuel (50)    waste gas (60, 60')    ventilator (62)
NOVELTY - The reformer (4) is arranged in the central hollow chamber (25) and formed so that the heat required for the endothermic reforming process is transferred by radiation from the fuel cells onto the reformer.    USE - For reforming fuel gas.    ADVANTAGE - Heat for the reforming reaction is prepared directly from the fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Unit has high temperature cells (20) arranged in a central symmetrical stack, a feed site for gaseous or liquid fuel, a reformer (4) in the connection to the feed site, in which fuel is partially converted catalytically into CO and H2 with the introduction of process heat, and a hollow chamber (25) arranged centrally in the along the stack axis over which the fuel is injected into the fuel cells. The reformer (4) is arranged in the central hollow chamber (25) and formed so that the heat required for the endothermic reforming process is transferred by radiation from the fuel cells onto the reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows a section through the unit.    reformer (4)    high temperature cells (22)    hollow chamber (25)
NOVELTY - Reactor unit used in a system for producing a hydrogen-rich gas from liquid fuel consists of a plate structure. Temperature chambers are separated from each other by reaction chambers so that reaction medium and temperature medium can be introduced separately inside the reactor unit.    USE - Used in mobile polymer membrane fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optimum temperature during the course of the reaction can be achieved.
NOVELTY - Reformer has a device for feeding fuel gas (5) through the cooling region (9) and the subsequent heating region (11) each counter-currently to the reformate product flowing through the CO shift stage (10) and to the starting mixture flowing through the reformer stage (12).    USE - In steam reforming of methanol in fuel cell vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer is compact and mobile.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reformer comprises a reformer stage (12) to convert of a starting mixture (2) into a reformate product using an endothermic reaction; a CO shift stage (10) for converting carbon monoxide contained in the reformate product into carbon dioxide via the CO shift reaction; a catalytic burner unit (3, 8, 9, 11) to produce heat by catalytically burning a fuel gas (5) consisting of a heating region (11) and a cooling region (9) with low catalytic activity; and a device for feeding fuel gas (5) through the cooling region (9) and the subsequent heating region (11) each counter-currently to the reformate product flowing through the CO shift stage (10) and to the starting mixture flowing through the reformer stage (12).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of the reformer.    reaction chamber (1)    starting mixture (2)    catalytic burner unit (3, 8, 9, 11)    fuel gas (5)    reformer stage (12)
NOVELTY - Production of a stack reactor (20) made up of several stacked catalyst plates (10) comprises sintering the catalyst plates (10) in a stack.    USE - In the production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor is compact and can be easy to produce with low active volume losses.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the stack reactor.    catalyst plates (10)    copper lattice (16)    metal sheet (17)    reactor (20)
NOVELTY - A material for a novel fuel cell separator obtained by molding a mixture containing at least a conductive powder and a binder which is a rubber-modified phenolic resin.    USE - The material is used for a fuel cell separator for use in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell separator has superior impact resistance or tenacity, causes no rupture when formed into a thin plate and used in a fuel cell, and has density and electrical properties equivalent to conventional products.
NOVELTY - A steam generating evaporator (6) for a fuel cell reformer comprising water nozzles (7) projecting into a vertical open-top cavity positioned in a hot gas flow path.    USE - For generating steam for a reformer used to convert natural gas into hydrogen and carbon dioxide for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The evaporator can use tap water, instead of the usual expensive demineralized water, without problems since scale deposits are detached from its walls by thermal stresses and drop into the collection tank for removal during normal servicing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The evaporator (6) is positioned in the fuel cell off-gas flow path and is closed at its bottom by a removable collector tank (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of an evaporator.    hot gas (1)    steam (3)    collection tank (4)    evaporator (6)    water nozzles (7)    cavity (9)
NOVELTY - Reductive processes are promoted in a biological system by providing an electrochemical bioreactor system having a cathode and an anode compartment, and placing an amount of neutral red and a biological catalyst in the cathode compartment. The compartments are separated by a cation selective membrane. The cathode and anode are connected by a conductive material to a power supply.    USE - The method is used for promoting reductive processes in a biological system.    ADVANTAGE - The electrical energy may be used to promote cell growth or fermentation, or enzymatic transformation in the presence of neutral red. The neutral red promotes the generation of electrical energy from waste material comprising mixed bacterial populations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) a method of generating electricity using a biological system;    (B) a method of detecting the presence of a specific organic or inorganic test compound in a sample; and    (C) a method of measuring the chemical oxygen demand in waste water.    The method (A) includes: (A1) providing an electrochemical fuel cell system; (A2) placing an anolyte in the anode compartment; (A3) placing a suitable catholyte in the cathode compartment; and (A4) allowing the neutral red-mediated conversion of chemical reducing power to electricity.    The method (B) includes: (B1) providing a biosensor; (B2) placing an anolyte and a catholyte in the anode and the cathode compartments, respectively; (B3) allowing oxidation of any test compound in the sample and reduction of a portion of oxidized neutral red; (B4) allowing transfer of electrons from neutral red to the cathode; and (B5) detecting the generation of an electrical current.    The method (C) includes: (C1) step (A1)-(A4) and (C2) measuring the electrical current generated by the fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprises an anode, a cathode, a solid polymer electrolyte film interposed between the anode and cathode, an anode-side conductive separator plate having a gas passage for feeding fuel gas to the anode, and a cathode-side conductive separator plate.    USE - The fuel cell is used for portable electric sources, electric sources for an electric car, domestic co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The invented fuel cell has a low production cost and has the advantage of compactness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anode-side and cathode-side conductive plates each comprise a metal and a conductive coated anti-oxidative film covering the metal surface.
NOVELTY - Aligned carbon nanotubes are attached to a substrate at a density greater than 10,000 per square millimeter.    USE - The obtained product is used for a field emission display, an electron emitter, a scanning electron microscope, a battery, a fuel cell, a composite material, a high temperature superconductor, an electromagnetic interference shield and a micro electrode (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Precise control of the formation, and well defined spacing of the nanotubes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a product as above but where the aligned carbon nanotubes are attached to a substrate at a density no greater than 100 per square millimeter; and    (2) a method of forming the products by exposing the substrate to a plasma under conditions effective for growth of the nanotubes, in the presence of a catalyst gas and a carbon source gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a micro electrode produced by the above method.    micro electrode (600)    conductive substrate (602)    aligned carbon nanotubes (604)    electroconductive microfibre (608)
NOVELTY - A ceramic material, preferably alpha-LiAlO2, is mixed with an organic solvent and subjected to high energy attrition milling to perform deflocculation. The deflocculated ceramic material in the mixture is formed into a matrix.    USE - For carbonate fuel cell used for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Hydration retardation is attained by controlling deflocculation time. Agglomeration of ceramic particle is prevented, thereby enhancing deflocculation. The slurry surface tension and stability of bubbles are reduced, thereby preventing tape separation during casting.
NOVELTY - The battery system consists of an evaporator (2), a reformer (3), a carbon dioxide reduction part (4) containing an improver (1) (as a hydrogen source) and a heating unit (6). The evaporator evaporates and raises the temperature of the raw material. The reformer converts the raw material to hydrogen. The heater provided in the coolant inlet part of the reduction part heats the coolant.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Humidification of the fuel battery inlet is eliminated. Electricity generation time is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel battery system. (10) Improver; ; (2) Evaporator; ; (3) Reformer; ; (4) CO reduction part; ; (6) Heating unit.
NOVELTY - A flow path construction element has gas introduction holes for passing heating gas and an oxidizing agent gas. Several radial ribs (1) and a peripheral groove (2) are formed integrally in both main surfaces of an electrode and electrolyte aggregate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flow path construction element performs collector function and gas passage way composition function. The hole for heating gas is distributed to anode electrode side. The hole for oxidizing agent gas is provided to cathode electrode side.    USE -   In solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the flow path construction element for electrode and electrolyte is formed integrally, reaction gas does not deviate, so allocation is carried out equally.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the flow path construction element in solid electrolyte type fuel battery. (1) Radial ribs; (2) Groove.
NOVELTY - Solid electrolyte fuel battery constitutes a fuel electrode (12), electrolyte (13) and an air pole (14) formed on a porous pipe (11). The fuel electrode includes a mixture of NiO2, ZrO2 and alkaline earth metallic oxides.    USE -   In cylindrical solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Even when methane is used as reform gas, favorable electricity generation is realized. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of solid electrolyte fuel battery. (11) Porous pipe; (12) Fuel electrode; (13) Electrolyte; (14) Air pole.
NOVELTY - A resin film is dipped in a bath of silicone resin to form a silicone resin coated film. The metal composite is produced by pasting the silicone resin coated film over one side of the thin metal plate.    USE -   For use as cushioning material for electronic component and as packing material for separator of fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Metal composite has excellent heat resistant property.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen rich gas containing CO is mixed with air from air scoop and passed through a selective oxidation catalyst (55) provided with a shape change portion in which heat transfer takes place and its shape changes depending on temperature. The air content control system adjusts the amount of air scoop opening by deformation of shape change portion (541).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The air content control system is provided to each of the air scoop which is in turn provided at some position covering an outlet side from the entrance side of the selective oxidation catalyst portion. The shape change portion consists of a bimetal or a shape memory alloy. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel supply system for fuel cells which has a modifier to modify fuel in hydrogen rich gas. The fuel supply system is equipped with carbon monoxide removal device which oxidizes carbon monoxide in gas selectively.    USE -   For solid polymeric type fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   By providing air control system, the amount of air intake is controlled by deformation of the shape change portion and hence neither a temperature sensor nor a rate of flow controller is necessary. The air control system is in air scoop which is provided covering an outlet side from the entrance side of selective oxidation catalyst and hence the temperature distribution opposing to the outlet side is equalized from the entrance side of selective oxidation catalyst and CO concentration is efficiently reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional drawing of CO removal device. (55) Selective oxidation catalyst; (541) Shape change portion.
NOVELTY - A pair of porous plates (6) having central and side recesses (7,8) are oppositely arranged. A pair of frames (3) having projections (5) are oppositely arranged between plates with longitudinal face orthogonal to plate base. The fitting together of the plates and the frames defines a gas passage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The frame and porous plate is made of stainless steel or ceramic. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for structure for gas purification.    USE -   For purification of hydrogen gas used as fuel for fuel batteries, electrolytic decomposition process of water, gasification of coal or coke, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The hydrogen permeable membrane support is easily manufactured and is fairly economical.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the porous plate for frame. (3) Frame; ; (5) Projection; ; (6) Porous plate; ; (7,8) Recesses.
NOVELTY - Phosphoric acid type fuel battery contains porous carbon base material and separator made of carbon that is non- permeable to blasting fumes and are integrally coupled using sheet of fluorine resin and porous carbon. Porous carbon base material (5) is equipped with gas conduction path (6).    USE -   For generating electrical energy through electrochemical reaction.    ADVANTAGE -   Can be run with stability over a long period of time. Has water repellent property and separator prevents acid corrosion. Heatproof activity is efficient. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the phosphoric acid type fuel battery. (5) Base material; (6) Gas conduction path.
NOVELTY - The process involves preparing a source material including oxide-containing particles including Group IB and IIIA elements, depositing the source material on a base to form a film, heating the film in a suitable atmosphere to form a precursor film including non-oxide Group IB and IIIA elements, and providing a suitable material to the precursor film including a Group IB-IIIA-VIA compound.    USE - Solar cell and other electronic device manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - The compound film has greater uniformity and compositional control and superior electronic properties. Enables production of solar cells having conversion efficiencies close to or above 10%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The oxides may constitute more than about 95 molar % of the Group IB elements and more than about 95 molar % of the Group IIIA elements in the source material. Non-oxides may constitute more than about 95 molar % of the Group IB elements and more than about 95 molar % of the Group IIIA elements in the precursor film.    The molar ratio of Group IB to Group IIIA elements in the source material may be greater than 0.6 and less than 1.0, or substantially greater than 1.0, in which case this ration in the compound film may be reduced to more than 0.6 and less than 1.0.    The source material can be prepared as an ink from powder particles having particle size below 20 microns, preferably below 2 microns.    The oxide-containing particles may include a dopant (selected from Na, K, Li and Ce), as may the compound film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow chart showing the steps of a method used to grow a compound semiconductor.
NOVELTY - A novel electrolyte is used in a photoelectric conversion device which is used in a photo-electrochemical cell.    USE - The electrolyte is used in a photoelectric conversion device which is used in a photo-electrochemical cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photo-electrochemical cell has excellent photoelectric characteristics and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrolyte contains as a solvent at least one compound or formula (I) and a compound of formula (II):    R1 and R2 = alkyl group, alkenyl group or an aryl group;    R3 = cyano group, alkylcarbonyl group, acyloxy group, carbonamido group, phosphoric acid group, phosphono group, phosphino group, phosphoryl group, carbamoyl group, urethane group, urea group, carbonate group, sulfonamido group, sulfamoyl group, sulfoxide group, sulfone group, a sulfonyl group, a nitro group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group or a hydroxyl group;    E = a single bond, an alkylene group, an alkenylene group or an arylene group;    a, b and c = 0 or 1    R4 = heterocyclic group or an alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group having a heterocyclic group;    D = -O-, -OC(O)- or -OC(O)O-.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (a) a photoelectric conversion device which comprises a semiconductor, an electrically conductive substrate, a counter electrode and the above electrolyte; and (b) a photo-electrochemical cell comprising the photoelectric conversion device in (a).
NOVELTY - A high-temp. sealing material uses Al2O3, SiO2 and CaO, etc. as raw material, adopts the processes of mixing, ball-grinding and prefiring to obtain the internal sealing ceramic powder and external sealing vitreous material, and then uses adhesive and adjuvant, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Firstly uses internal sealing material between cell elements and then applies the external sealing material on the external surface of the sealing zone. Finally, it makes high-temp. treatment according to the program, while possessing low chemical activity and porous structure of internal sealing material and densification and imbibition of external sealing material.    USE -   For solid oxide fuel cell and its sealing technology.    ADVANTAGES -   Product has good air tightness,thermal matching property and high cost performance to raise the cell performance and its service life.
NOVELTY - A solar panel comprises a support core with a honeycomb structure having (a) a composite upper insulating/faceskin laminate supporting solar cells; and (b) an under-surface comprising a composite heat-absorbing/faceskin laminate of at least one heat-curable prepreg layer and an outer heat-dissipating layer comprising a resinous layer containing powdered carbon.    USE - In solar array panels or collectors used to provide electrical power for, e.g. output multiplexes, radio frequency switches and combiners, and similar power hardware in spacecraft or communications satellites.    ADVANTAGE - The solar panels are cooler-operating, and operate at a higher power efficiency and output due to their improved rear surface heat emissivity of up to 90%. The solar cell layer dissipates 12% more heat than an identical panel having a heat-emitting, smooth-surface base layer of epoxy resin containing no powdered carbon.
NOVELTY - A membrane/electrode joint body consists of an ion exchange member serving as an electrolyte, and a gas diffusion electrode connected to the ion exchange membrane. A catalytic coating flux is used for the gas diffusion electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalytic coating flux consists of a composition containing: (a) a 30-95 wt.%-perfluorosulfonic acid polymer of formula (1) and a 5-70 wt.%-fluorine-containing ether compound of formula (2). Formula (1) -(CF2-CFZ)m-(CF2-CF2)n- x = integer of 0-2; y = integer of 2-3; n/m = 1-10. Formula (2) X-(ORf)k-O-Y Rf = one or more 1-3C perfluoroalkylene groups; X and Y = 1-5C perfluoroalkyl groups which may contain a double bond; each carbon = one group selected from H, Cl, Br, SO3H, COOR group may be displaced; R = a hydrogen, or alkyl group; k = 1-100; Z = -(OCF2-CF(CH3)x-O-(CF2)ySO3H.    USE -   Catalytic coating flux for electrode for fuel cell and membrane/electrode joint body    ADVANTAGE -   The catalytic coating flux exerts higher output voltage when air is used as an oxidant.
NOVELTY - The liquid sensor comprises two electrodes (12) which are insulated by film of insulator (13a). The sensor is immersed in a mixture containing two or more liquids to measure the concentration of one liquid.    USE -   For determining the content of methanol present in methanol mixed fuel supplied to a fuel battery mounted on a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The sensor accurately measures the concentration of liquid, and is not influenced by the conductivity of the liquid as it is insulated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the liquid sensor. (12) Electrode; (13a) Insulator.
NOVELTY - Porous substance (3) made of semiconductor oxide and including pigment material is provided between a transparent electrode (1) and a counter electrode (5). A minute film (8) made of the same oxide as that of the porous substance is formed between the transparent electrode and the porous substance.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves contact between the porous substance and the transparent electrode. Dispersion liquid of semiconductor oxide is formed uniformly on the minute film. The conversion efficiency is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery. (1) Transparent electrode; (3) Porous substance; (5) Counter electrode; (8) Minute film.
NOVELTY - Operating temperature of battery stack (11) that comprises unit batteries (10) linked in series relative to flow direction of reaction gas, is maintained high. Reaction gas which is humidified previously corresponding to the operating temperature of the battery stack, is supplied to the battery stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cooling medium supply unit pours cooling medium in the same direction as the flow direction of the reaction gas.    USE -   For controlling operating temperature of battery stack used for fuel battery apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Reaction specific consumption of reaction gas is increased and battery output is stabilized by promoting vaporization of condensed water. Reaction of heating gas and oxidizing agent gas is promoted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery apparatus. (10) Unit batteries; (11) Battery stack.
NOVELTY - A matrix layer holding an electrolyte is formed on a fuel pole. Platinum alloy catalyst or any other catalyst containing carbon carrying metal is used as the fuel pole catalyst. The electrolyte includes 85 % of phosphoric acid and platinum metal ion, silicon, carbide, polytetrafluoroethylene and 110-5 M of PdCl2which is a metal salt are added to the matrix layer.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The metal ion concentration in the electrolyte is increased. Even when the electrode is maintained at high potential, the elution of the metal components from the platinum alloy catalyst is prevented. The platinum alloy catalyst has increased resistance to impurity gas containing Co.
NOVELTY - A groove (31) opposing to edge of electrode is formed on the casing. The catalyst exposed to edge of electrode is coated by filling adhesive to the groove. The circumference of electrolyte film (11) is supported in each divided portion of casing. A pair of supplementary plates (50,60) are formed on respective supports opposing to edge of air pole.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Inlet and outlet grooves are formed on respective edges. Pair of supports which does not inhibit airflow are formed on inlet and outlet grooves, respectively.    USE -   In fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Supplementary plate is used as lid for battery, thereby maintaining supporting strength opposing to fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure represents line chart of connector board in fuel battery. (11) Electrolyte film; (31) Groove.
NOVELTY - The fuel pole catalyst layer consists of alloy metal catalysts (1,3) including platinum and ruthenium whose mean particle diameter differs. The mean particle diameter of one metal catalyst is 1.5 times or more than that of another metal catalyst.    USE -   For solid polymeric fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The dissolved platinum re-precipitates on the big catalyst particles such that the active surface of the small catalyst particles is protected. Consequently co-poisoning proof characteristics of the battery is maintained for long period of time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the enlarged model of the metal catalyst. (1,3) Metal catalysts.
NOVELTY - Voltage of 5-50 V is impressed between conductive base metal and other electrodes immersed in titanium alkoxide polycondensation object solution. The titanium oxide precursor film is formed due to the deposition of object on metal. Baking is performed at temperature greater than 400 C and crystalline titanium oxide film of thickness greater than 1 m is formed.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Good crystalline titanium oxide film consisting of fine crystal with film thickness greater than 1 m is formed effectively.
NOVELTY - The cation exchange membrane contains a fluorine group resin as base material made into a porous film with an electrical resistance of less than 0.2 cm2 in 1 mol/l sulfuric acid aqueous solution. The membrane has hydrogen gas permeability coefficient below 3.0x10-8 cm3(STP)cmxcm- 2xs-1xcm(Hg)-1 at 50 C.    USE -   Cation exchange membrane is used as diaphragm for solid polymer electrolyte type fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The membrane has low electrical resistance and low permeability of gases. Since fluorine group resin is used as the base material, it excels in dimensional stability or heat resisting property. By using the membrane, an increase in the contact resistance with the electrode accompanied by swelling contraction is restrained. Since there is no adhesive agent in the cation exchange membrane, gas diffusion electrode can be heat crimped satisfactorily.
NOVELTY - An electrode (21) is formed on the back side of crystal silicon substrate (20). Another permeable electrode (23) is formed on surface of substrate. The sides of silicon substrate are covered by insulating material (26). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: solar battery module; manufacturing method of crystal solar battery module    USE -   In single crystal or polycrystalline silicon group solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   As insulating material covers sides of silicon substrate, end face leak is prevented easily, thus realizing inexpensive crystal solar battery with excellent low illuminance characteristic. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of crystal solar battery. (20) Crystal silicon substrate; (21,23) Electrodes; (26) Insulating material.
NOVELTY - An n-type silicon layer (2) is formed on the light incident surface of p-type silicon substrate (1). An electric field layer (5) having highly concentrated p-type impurity is formed on back-side of p-type silicon substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   In solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   As electric field layer has highly concentrated p-type impurity, sufficient field effect and reflecting effect are obtained, thus realizing inexpensive solar battery with favorable photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of solar battery. (1) Silicon substrate; (2) Silicon layer; (5) Electric field layer.
NOVELTY - The module includes surface coating material (102), photovoltaic cell (103) and basic side covering material (104). The surface coating material comprises organic compound resin with predetermined hardness.    USE -   For power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   The solar battery module excels in mechanical strength and bending workability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of solar battery module. (102) Surface coating material; (103) Photovoltaic cell; (104) Covering material.
NOVELTY - A small amount of air or oxygen (7) is added to fuel containing modified hydrocarbon gas present in the filled layer (3) having alumina pellet (2). On the surface of the filled layer, baking of copper oxide film with alkaline compound (i.e. sodium oxide) is carried out at fixed temperature to selectively remove the carbon monoxide present in the fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing apparatus (1). Air or oxygen supply apparatus is provided to the filled layer.    USE -   As a fuel process of solid polymeric fuel battery or phosphoric acid fuel battery and for removing, purifying carbon monoxide selectively from the fuel contained in the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The process excels in selectively removing carbon monoxide. The process improves noble metals electrode life span of a fuel battery and reduces exhaustion of hydrogen. Catalyst cost and catalyst maintenance cost are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows processing apparatus of the fuel for solid polymeric fuel batteries. (1) Processing apparatus; ; (2) Alumina pellet; ; (3) Filled layer; ; (7) Air or oxygen.
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic module for use as a component of a photovoltaic module framing system, comprises a laminate, electrical wires (164,166,196) connected to the laminate, and a mechanical frame (162) for securely holding the laminate to a mounting location, characterized in that the frame defines at least one electrical raceway (194) to support the electrical wires.    USE - Photovoltaic module framing system to hold and mount the module to a support surface, for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic module framing system is easy to install and assemble, and is economical. It is aesthetically pleasing, conceals most electric components, and permits easy access to output wires. It does not require an electrical junction box or electrical conduits, nor does it require an auxiliary bracket, brace, or beam, as in bulky prior framing systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a photovoltaic module as above, the laminate comprising a substrate, at least one solar cell comprising photovoltaic semiconductors, and an encapsulating material for at least partially encapsulating the substrate and the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlarged perspective view of a photovoltaic module showing a frame without the right overlapping side rail for clarity.    Substrate (14)    Mechanical frame (162)    Electrical wire raceway (194)    Wires (164,166,196)    Plug connectors (204,206)
NOVELTY - A metal complex is new. Also a dye-sensitized oxide semiconductor electrode includes an electrically conductive body, an oxide semiconductor film on the body's surface and the metal complex. A solar cell is also claimed, constructed from the semiconductor electrode, a counter electrode and a redox electrolyte which contacts both electrodes.    USE - The metal complex is useful as a sensitizer.    ADVANTAGE - The metal complex can efficiently absorb solar light. The solar cell using the above electrode has a high photoelectric transfer efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The metal complex is represented by formulae (I), (II) or (III):    (X)nML1L2 (I)    (X)2M(L1)2 (II)    (L1)2ML2 (III)    M = a group VIII metal    X = a polar group    L1 = a phenanthroline containing at least one carboxyl group which may be neutralized    L2 = a nitrogen containing polycyclic compound which may contain one or more substituents    n = 1 or 2.
NOVELTY - A flow field plate (1) comprises surface layers of electrically conductive material and a core layer between the surface layers within the plate. The plate defines multiple sets of fluid passages comprising: (a) first sets of passages; (b) ports placing passages of the second set communicating with the passages of the first sets and (c) a third set of passages extending through the layers.    USE - The flow field plates are used in a fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flow field plate (1) comprises surface layers of electrically conductive material and a core layer between the surface layers within the plate. The plate defines multiple sets of fluid passages comprising:    (a) first sets of passages;    (b) ports placing passages of the second set communicating with the passages of the first sets at points of intersection of the passages; and    (c) a third set of passages extending through the layers. The first set of passages has one set formed in the thickness of the core layer and extending to the passages of the first sets to provide points of intersection.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a cell stack comprising the flow field plates interleaved by electrode assemblies comprising membranes sandwiched between porous electrode layers, and longitudinal compressor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of a fuel cell stack incorporating a flow field plate.    Flow field plate (1)    Grooves (2, 3)    Radial bores (4, 6)
NOVELTY - A water side electrochemical cell screen assembly comprises two screen layers with different openings. The first screen layer (50) has an opening of 0.838-1.96 mm and a thickness of 0.127 mm. The second screen layer (51) is disposed parallel to and in contact with the first screen layer.    USE - Useful in energy conversion devices such as electrolysis cells or fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Electrochemical cells with the new screen assembly provides structural integrity without adversely affecting the cell's mass flow rates. It can operate at high pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure showed the screen assembly of the present invention.    First screen layer (50)    Second screen layer (51)
NOVELTY - A polymetallic precursor comprises at least one first metal, at least one second metal and at least one metal-ligand-metal group.    USE - The polymetallic precursor is for forming improved nanocomposites that are used in fuel cell catalyst compositions. These fuel cell catalysts are particularly suitable for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs).    ADVANTAGE - Using the novel polymetallic precursors, a commercially desirable stoichiometry can be predetermined for the nanoparticles in the nanocomposite.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polymetallic precursor comprises at least one first metal, at least one second metal and at least one metal-ligand-metal group of formula (I):    M = an atom of the first metal;    M' = an atom of the first metal or the second metal;    X = a thermally degradable ligand with a degradation temperature lower than the degradation temperatures of M and M';    n and p = at least one.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (a) a method for making a metallic nanocomposite comprising (i) contacting a support with a metallic precursor having at least one metal and at least one degradable ligand, wherein the degradation temperature of the ligand(s) is lower than the degradation temperature of the metal in the precursor and (ii) heating the contacted supported without an oxidizing agent by microwave radiation to degrade the ligand(s) and form a metallic nanocomposite; (b) a supported nanocomposite comprising an electrically conductive support and polymetallic nanoparticles; and (c) a fuel cell catalyst composition comprising a supported nanocomposite.
NOVELTY - An intermediate temperature ceramic fuel cell (ITCFC) comprises a ceramic composite electrolyte. The ITCFC is provided with a ceramic membrane (CM) or electrolyte based on salt-oxide ceramic composites.    USE - The fuel cell is used for converting chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidant to electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - High power generation is achieved because the materials in the device are available in large amounts and highly cost effective. The device does not need an expensive catalyst as in conventional low fuel cells and it can be operated at 300-800 degrees C.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell comprises:    (a) a fuel chamber (1);    (b) an anode (2a);    (c) a cathode (2b);    (d) and electrolyte (3) between the anode (2a) and the cathode (2b); and    (e) an oxidant chamber (4).    The chambers enclose the anode, cathode and electrolyte and the fuel from the fuel chamber is oxidized at the anode to produce electrical energy. The electrolyte is a ceramic composite comprising at least one salt and at least one oxide in mixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel cell.    fuel chamber (1)    anode (2a)    cathode (2b)    electrolyte (3)    oxidant chamber (4)
NOVELTY - A battery cell (8) is immersed into electrolyte slurry (1) and maintained for predetermined time. Then the battery cell is dried and an electrolyte film of fixed thickness is formed on cell.    USE -   For solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Manufacturing yield and dependability of fuel battery can be increased sharply. Distortion of coating film can be prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of cell manufacturing apparatus. (1) Electrolyte slurry; (8) Battery cell.
NOVELTY - An ion-exchange membrane which consists of perfluoro carbon polymer, is used to impregnate alcoholic containing hydrocarbon solvent, fluorine containing hydrocarbon solvent or mixed solvent to surface of gas diffusion electrode. The electrode is made of ion-exchange resin and phosphoric acid.    USE -   For solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrode film contact piece utilizes small concentration voltage and high output is obtained with stability.
NOVELTY - The jet engine has an integrated fuel cell (33) which is formed by positioning tiles of solid electrolyte membrane in contact with the combustion products (386) where they can exploit oxygen partial pressures within the thermodynamic cycle. The surfaces (332,334) of the membrane are coated with a porous metallic conductor such as platinum.    USE - For generating electrical power from aircraft engines for airborne applications.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids need to use mechanical power trains that require a number of expensive precision mechanical rotating components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalytic reformer may be included to decompose aviation fuel. The reformer may be in the combustion chamber wall or outside the combustion chamber (20) in the fuel cell and fed with high pressure air bled from a compressor and also fed with hot exhaust gas via a duct. The hydrogen rich products contact fuel cells to chemically remove oxygen. The products are combusted and further energy recovered in the engine. A static inverter is used to convert the DC current output of the fuel cells into conventional aircraft AC supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the jet engine.    Combustion chamber (20)    Fuel cell (33)    Platinum coated membrane surfaces (332,334)    Combustion products (386)
NOVELTY - A perovskite, is used for coating high temperature fuel cell interconnectors (1) and comprises a low lanthanide content lanthanide-alkaline earth metal-transition metal perovskite.    USE - For coating interconnectors used in high temperature fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The perovskite is less expensive than but equally effective as conventional lanthanum-strontium-manganese (LSM) perovskite and, unlike LSM perovskite, can be deposited by spraying methods other than HVOF spraying, e.g. plasma spraying, without segregation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A perovskite, for coating interconnectors used in high temperature fuel cells, has the formula ABO3-epsilon, where A = (E1-wLn(omega)-(delta)), B = (G1-zJz), E = alkaline earth metal (preferably Sr or Ca), Ln = a lanthanide (preferably La or Y), G = a transition metal (preferably Mn), J = a transition metal (preferably Co), w = 0.1 to 0.5 exclusive (preferably 0.2), delta = a positive or negative number of value about 0.02, z = 0.01 to 0.5 exclusive (preferably 0.2) and epsilon = a positive or negative number of value about 0.5. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) a coated interconnector for a high temperature fuel cell, having a coating of the above perovskite applied by HVOF or other thermal spraying at a low powder temperature; and    (ii) fuel cell batteries equipped with interconnectors as described above, the interconnector coating having a resistivity of upto 20 m.ohm.cm.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell.    interconnectors (1)
NOVELTY - Depressions-projections, at a depth of 25 microns or more and formed on either or both sides of the substrate of a solar sell.    USE - Solar cell is used on board artificial satellites.    ADVANTAGE - Radiation resistance characteristic of the solar cells is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN ADDITIONAL CLAIM is also included for production of the solar cell by etching the substrate using a mask having a frame having a width of 2 - 4 microns and quadrangular patterns at a pitch of 35 microns or more on the mask, forming the projections or depressions on both sides of the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view illustrating steps in the production of a texture of an inverted pyramid type cell.
NOVELTY - A gravity generator comprises an elevated fuel cell (7) connected to a water electrolyzer (4) by a water pipe (8) equipped with a water turbine (9) and a current generator (10). A gravity generator, for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic device, comprises a water electrolyzer (4) and fuel cell (7) combination, with a water pipe (8) and hydrogen and oxygen pipes (5, 6).    USE - For increasing the efficiency of solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The generator provides an adjustable water column and thus potential energy for conversion to electricity to increase the total current output.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell is positioned at a greater height (preferably above 100 m) than the electrolyzer, and a water turbine (9) has a current generator (10) installed in the water pipe. The generator also includes a photovoltaic device (1) for covering the energy requirements of the electrolyzer (4). A control unit (3), with a storage battery, regulates the energy flow to and from the fuel cell (7), the current generator (10) and the electrolyzer (4). The water pipe (8) is waterproofed and the electrical leads are superconductors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a gravity generator-assisted photovoltaic device according to the invention.    Solar cell (1)    Water electrolyzer (4)    Hydrogen pipe (5)    Oxygen pipe (6)    Fuel cell (7)    Water pipe (8)    Water turbine (9)    Current generator (10)
NOVELTY - A ceramic substrate is pretreated for subsequent polycrystalline silicon deposition by forming a major surface area with few nucleation sites and a minor surface area with nucleating recesses.    USE - Especially for pretreating an alumina ceramic substrate for subsequent deposition of a polycrystalline silicon layer for thin film solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The pretreated substrate promotes formation of large crystals with a preferred orientation and reduced grain boundary area and reduces diffusion of impurities into the layer from the substrate, without significantly increasing solar cell manufacturing costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Pretreatment of a ceramic substrate, preferably of alumina ceramic for subsequent deposition of a polycrystalline silicon layer for thin film solar cells, comprises forming a substrate surface having a major area with few nucleation sites and a minor area of 5-20% with regularly or statistically uniformly distributed pit-like recesses containing a large number of nucleation sites for silicon crystal growth.
NOVELTY - High polymer electrolyte fuel cell has high polymer electrolyte thin film and a pair of electrodes having catalyst reaction layer and gas diffusion layer. The high polymer electrolyte thin film is formed between the pair of electrodes. A part of the support which supports catalyst particles in the catalyst reaction layer is penetrated into internal part of high polymer electrolyte thin film.    USE - The fuel cell is used as portable electricity source, electricity source for electrically driven vehicles, domestic co-generation system etc.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell exhibits excellent performance due to an efficient electrode reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 I a cross-section showing the electrode-electrolyte contact structure.    Electrode (11)    Catalyst Layer (12)    Catalyst Particles (13)
NOVELTY - Catalyst for high polymer solid electrolyte fuel cell has platinum and ruthenium supported on a support. Platinum and ruthenium are supported in the mol ratio 2-4:8-6.    USE - The fuel cell can be used as power source for electrically driven vehicles and space ships.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows platinum and ruthenium metal particles to be carried out with no agglomeration and near each other. A platinum/ruthenium catalyst is produced which has excellent resistance to catalyst poisoning by carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the catalyst for high polymer solid electrolyte fuel cell by forming mixed solution by mixing catalyst where platinum is supported on carbon particle support and aqueous solution of ruthenium compound, adding and heating 5-15 vol. % alcohol, reducing ruthenium and supporting platinum and ruthenium on support.
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic element comprises a layered structure (25) of at least: (a) a first electrically conductive layer (23); (b) a layer of crystalline metal oxide semiconductor material (14) deposited on a metal foil (23); (c) a transparent second electrically conductive layer (18) over a transparent substrate (26); and (d) an electrolytic liquid (16) contained between (b) and (c).    USE - The solar cell is used in the field of consumer electronics, e.g. watches.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic cross-section of a solar cell.    Semiconductor material (14)    Sensitization material (15)    Electrolytic liquid (16)    Second electrically conductive layer (18)    First electrically conductive layer (23)    Layered structure (25)    Transparent substrate (26)
NOVELTY - Cascaded cell portion (124) is formed on a germanium substrate (102) and is covered by cap layer (122) and anti-reflecting coating (1002). Bypass diode is formed on the cap layer. The P-side diode contact (702) is connected to cell contact (802) by a thin interconnect, so that intermediate photovoltaic cells of cascaded cell are bypassed.    USE - For solar cell array used in spacecraft.    ADVANTAGE - Provides reverse bias protection to the photovoltaic cell portions of solar cell arrays and dissipates heat with power which is bypassed, during reverse bias protection, thus providing efficient and high yield of solar cell panel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell circuit fabrication method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of bypass diode.    Germanium substrate (102)    Cap layer (122)    Cascaded cell portion (124)    Diode contact (702)    Cell contact (802)    Anti-reflecting coating (1002)
NOVELTY - Inflatable capsules (10,11), arrival capsule (12) and falling capsule (13) convey gas from warm reservoir (1) which contains ammonium hydroxide, to cool reservoir (2) which contains ammonia gas. The capsules are interchangeable with one another for equilibrating solutions. The capsules reallocate thermal energy and transfer ammonia in solution between reservoir by temperature differential technique.    USE - For generating electric current.    ADVANTAGE - The material facilitate necessary safety procedure in handling chemicals, corrosion problems and precipitation of salts.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows gas transfer between reservoir via capsules.    Warm reservoir (1)    Cool reservoir (2)    Inflatable capsule (10,11)    Arrival capsule (12)    Falling capsule (13)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon and water are supplied to the anode (2) in a solid fuel cell (1), whilst oxygen is supplied to the cathode (3) to form synthesis gas. Carbon monoxide is converted into carbon dioxide, leaving a hydrogen-rich flow of gas with a low water vapor content.    USE - The hydrogen prepared by this method is useful for the preparation of ammonia (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Suitable for economic large and small production of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for preparing a hydrogen-rich gas stream (B) comprises the conversion of a hydrocarbon fuel in the presence of water and/or oxygen at high temperature. The reaction is carried out in a fuel cell (1), the hydrocarbon and water being supplied to the anode (2) and the oxygen-containing gas (A) to the cathode (3). Synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen is supplied to the anode side and the resulting gas is oxidized by providing the heat (and optionally electricity) necessary for the fuel conversion. Under these reaction conditions carbon monoxide and water are formed, the carbon monoxide being converted into carbon dioxide whilst yielding hydrogen. A flow of hydrogen-rich gas with a low water vapor content is removed from the anode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a block diagram representing the preparation of a hydrogen-rich gas stream.    Fuel cell (1)    Anode (2)    Cathode (3)    Nitrogen-containing gas with reduced oxygen content (4)    Tube (5)    Reactor for selective oxidation of methane (6)    CO-shift reactor (7)    Pressure swing absorption device (8)    Supply of air (A)    Flow of gas rich in hydrogen and nitrogen (B)
NOVELTY - The raw material (1) such as cadmium and tellurium is contained in a reaction chamber which is filled with inert gas. The raw material inside the chamber is stirred and heated by a heater (2).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a cadmium telluride powder manufacturing apparatus.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Unreacted composition of cadmium and impurities such as tellurium are removed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cadmium telluride powder manufacturing apparatus. (1) Raw material; (2) Heater.
NOVELTY - A solid macromolecular fuel cell is formed by laying up an electrode connector on conductive separator having a supplying and discharging passage groove for supplying and discharging a fuel gas to and from the electrode layer of the electrode connector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid macromolecular fuel cell is formed by laying up an electrode connector on conductive separator having a supplying and discharging passage groove for supplying and discharging a fuel gas to and from the electrode layer of the electrode connector. The electrode connector consists of the electrode layer having a hydrogen ion-conductive macromolecular electrolytic film and a catalytic reaction layer provided on both the surfaces of the macromolecular electrolytic film. The separator has a carbon material having an unsaturated bond. The groove has a water repellent layer chemically bonded to the unsaturated bond.    USE -   The solid macromolecular fuel cell is used in portable devices, electric cars, household power systems.    ADVANTAGE -   The solid macromolecular fuel cell has no clogging caused by water generated from the separator and no gas leakage. The gas is uniformly supplied to the electrode.
NOVELTY - Alcohol and phosphoric acid are mixed and cooled. The mixture is stirred uniformly at normal temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electrolyte mixer.    USE -   For manufacture of electrolyte used in alcohol phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The phosphoric acid amount in an electrolyte matrix is controlled correctly, by uniform stirring and hence diffusibility of heating gas is prevented. The durability of a fuel battery is raised since the alcohol and phosphoric acid are mixed at normal temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the alcohol and phosphoric acid mixer. (1) Container; (2) Lid; (3) Stirring propeller; (5) Mixer liquor takeoff; (6) Solution applicator; (7) Electrolyte matrix.
NOVELTY - The flow grooves (6a,6b) which supply heating or oxidizing agent gas to the electrode surfaces (2a,2b), is formed in the gas passage board (11a,11b) respectively. The ends of the board is sealed by seals (5a,5b). Metal flat plates (3a,3b) are provided above the flat surfaces of the boards which are on either surfaces of the electrode.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As the metal flat plate is used, the usage of expensive separator is eliminated. Therefore the cost of the battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of unit cell. (2a,2b) Electrode surfaces; (3a,3b) Metal flat plates; (5a,5b) Seals; (6a,6b) Flow grooves; (11a,11b) Gas passage board.
NOVELTY - High purity hydrogen refined by supplying hydrogen rich gas, is supplied to solid polymeric type fuel battery during low load running of phosphoric acid fuel battery. The two batteries are arranged side by side in a hydrogen supply apparatus.    USE -   Hybrid fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces running cost by reducing supplement machine power.
NOVELTY - An elastic sealing (12) is formed on the terminal portion of a solar battery main unit (11), by molding the terminal portion with melted raw material from an extrusion molding machine. The molding and installation of the elastic sealing is performed at identical time by extruding directly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The U-shaped recess of the elastic sealing unit has identical cross sectional length. The terminal portions of the battery main unit are simultaneously fitted into the metallic mold and cooled, so that elastic sealing is formed over the terminal portion. This process is carried out by a robot. A primer is applied to the terminal portion of the battery panel unit, before inserting into the metallic mold. The material of the elastic sealing is thermoplastic resin or rubber.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the attachment structure of the solar battery module, which includes a stand supporting battery main unit.    USE -   For solar power generating system installed in residential buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Since thermoplastic resin and rubber are used as material of elastic sealing unit, manufacturing cost is reduced and efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross sectional view of extrusion of solar battery module in extruder. (11) Solar battery module main unit; (12) Elastic sealing unit.
NOVELTY - The fuel modifying system constitutes a modifier (3) to one side of which pressure application type carbon monoxide conversion device (4) is provided, to supply fuel to fuel pole (1a) of phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    USE -   For conversion of carbon monoxide, which is supplied to the fuel pole of phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The modifying system is compact and its installation is also economical. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel modifying system. (1a) Fuel pole; ; (3) Modifier; ; (4) Carbon monoxide conversion device.
A single cell comprises a solid electrolyte (2); a porous air electrode (1) arranged in a state to be joined with the solid electrolyte; and a fuel electrode (3). An interconnector (4) is provided to electrically connect the single cell. In an air electrode material for a solid fuel battery to covert chemical reaction between hydrogen or fuel gas and air or oxygen gas into electric energy, the air electrode (1) has a composition represented by a formula of YNi1-x FexO3, where Ln is a rare earth element) or a formula of YNi1-xFexO3. (x) in the formulae is in a range of 0.30 - 0.60.    ADVANTAGE -   Reliability of a solid fuel battery is improved and efficiency is increased,
NOVELTY - A method for controlling a reformer for producing reformate gas comprises calculating an amount of raw material sufficient to produce a desired amount of the reforming gas, determining an amount of heat fuel (Qm) to be supplied to a heater (3) in the reformer and an amount of an oxidizer based on the calculated amount of the raw material (Qk), introducing the raw material into the reformer (2), and introducing the heat fuel and the oxidizer into the heater (3) to heat the raw material using heat generated in a reaction of the heat fuel and the oxidizer.    USE - For reforming reformate fuel such as methyl alcohol and water into desired fuel such as gas with a high concentration of hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The reforming reaction is able to proceed in a suitable manner without adversely affecting fuel consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for controlling a reformer (2) comprising a heater (3) in the reformer for heating the raw material introduced, calculating device (31) for calculating the amount of raw material (Qk) required to produce a desired amount of reformate gas, and a device (S2, S3, S4, S12, S13, S14, S15) for determining at least an amount of heat fuel (Qm) supplied to the heater and an amount of the oxidizer (Qa) based on the calculated amount of raw material (Qk).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the system having a reformer connected to a fuel cell.    reformer (2)    heater (3)
NOVELTY - Control apparatus for a reformer comprises a device for assessing the amount of reformate fuel to be gasified, and a device for assessing the amount of emission to be supplied to the combustion portion on the basis of the amount of the assessed reformate fuel.    USE - For a reformer.    ADVANTAGE - When using the unreacted hydrogen gas generated in a fuel cell for heating the reformate fuel, the unreacted hydrogen gas and combustion aid gas can be controlled so that the reformate fuel is heated properly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for controlling a reformer that gasifies reformate fuel by a reforming reaction utilizing heat produced in the reformer by burning emission containing unreacted flammable gas produced when converting the gasified reformate gas into energy of another form.
NOVELTY - ITO films are formed on the photovoltaic layers to improve thermal stability of the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic elements.    USE - For cost effective energy conversion applications.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the problem of reduction of conversion efficiency due to rises in the temperature of a photovoltaic element caused by irradiation of intense light. Thermal stability is also improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Photovoltaic element comprises a p-type semiconductor layer and a transparent conductive layer of indium tin oxide bonded to each other at a surface. The sum of tin oxide content and the tin content of a layer of layers closest to the bonding surface of the p-type semiconductor layer and the transparent conductive layer is less than the sum of the tin oxide content and the tin content of the other layers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic element.
NOVELTY - Catalyst includes 50-80 atomic% platinum.    USE - Used in the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in reformed gas which is used as supply source of hydrogen for solid polymer fuel cells. The catalyst is used in electrically driven vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is a high performance oxidation catalyst for a gas produced by reforming, which can be used for selectively oxidising carbon monoxide which acts as a catalyst poison to convert it to carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reformed gas oxidation gas catalyst for selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in reformed gas, has platinum alloy catalyst supported on zeolite support. The alloy contains a metal other than platinum in an amount of 20-50 atomic% on a support based on mordenite.
NOVELTY - A current monitoring circuit measures the output current drawn from the zinc-oxygen cell by a load during operation. Based on the measurement result, an oxygen control circuit controls the supply of high purity oxygen from an oxygen concentrator (5) to cathode of zinc oxygen cell for a predetermined time.    USE - For supplying high purity oxygen in controlled manner to cathode of zinc or oxygen battery, fuel cell electrochemical cells.    ADVANTAGE - Metal oxygen cell uses zinc as anode because of its availability, energy density, safety and relatively low cost. By the use of oxygen concentrate to purify the source of oxygen, interference of carbon monoxide and other impurities in the air is prevented or limited.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of oxygen concentrator in battery.    Oxygen concentrator (5)
NOVELTY - A polymer-electrolyte-membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack has a liquid reservoir connected to the fuel feed and/or oxidant feed channel for humidifying and/or cooling purposes.    USE - As a PEM fuel cell system, e.g. for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The design provides liquid moistening and/or cooling at the anode and/or cathode side, while providing a low weight, a small volume and low production costs, and can recover heat e.g. for heating a vehicle passenger compartment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) a method of operating a fuel cell system in which one or each process gas stream is humidified and/or cooled by feeding the stream together with a liquid and/or by passing the stream through a liquid; and (ii) use of waste heat, recovered from the above operating method, for heating a vehicle.
NOVELTY - A deposition subject (1) with curved surface, is made inclinable in three-dimension direction in a deposition tank (3). The distance between deposition site on subject surface and a substance (4) having deposited substance release property, is maintained to be a constant. A deposition layer having electromotive force, is deposited on deposition subject.    USE -   For installing solar battery on building roof, motor vehicle and vessels.    ADVANTAGE -   Solar battery can be mounted easily because of reduced weight and curved surface of deposition subject. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of deposition apparatus. (1) Deposition subject; (3) Deposition tank; (4) Substance.
NOVELTY - The ion exchange membrane uses a thermoplastic resin film which fills the pores with ion exchange resin as the base. The thickness of the film is 10-150 m and water permeability at 25 C is 5x10-8 m3/h/100 kPa or less.    USE -   For diaphragm used in diffusion dialysis, electrodialysis, redox flow batteries, ion sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   The membrane excels in mechanical strength and chemical resistance. As water permeability is very small transmission rate of acid or alkali is improved.
NOVELTY - A filtration unit (51) separates the permeable process liquid and non-permeable process liquid supplied from a pump (53) via supply path (52). The separated non-permeable process liquid is made to circulate via circulation path (L) to the downstream side of the supply pump by the circulation pump (56).    USE -   For fuel battery electrical power generating device.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electricity generation efficiency of fuel battery electrical power generating device, with less cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows block diagram of liquid filtration equipment. (51) Filtration unit; (52) Supply path; (53) Supply pump; (56) Circulation pump; (L) Circulation path.
NOVELTY - A Ib-IIIb-(VIb)2compound p-type semiconductor consists of Vb group element as p-type impurities and IIb group element as n-type impurities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) manufacture of p-type semiconductor. The amount of p-type impurities is higher than the amount of n-type impurities in the p-type semiconductor; (ii) semiconductor device containing p-type semiconductor.    USE -    The p-type semiconductor made of CuInS2is used in semiconductor devices (claimed) such as solar battery, light emitting element and photovoltaic cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The p-type semiconductor has high concentration of p-type impurities and high ionic bond property. The p-type semiconductor offers a highly efficient semiconductor device.
NOVELTY - The coil-like pipe line inside an outer cylinder (11) consists of alternate arrangement of primary and secondary obstacle plates (101,102) of at least three sets. The primary obstacle plate is provided in the space (24) between the pipe and inner wall of cylinder. The secondary is provided in the space between adjacent coils. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid fuel enters from the upper portion of vaporizer (10) and flows downwardly in primary coil pipe line (21) and in secondary coil pipe line (22), the flow path carries upward movement from lower potion. A straight pipe (23) connects the primary and secondary coil pipe lines. A piping for deriving the liquid fuel connected to downstream of second coil pipe line is provided between inner hollow portion. The coil-like pipe line has protrusions.    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   By providing primary and secondary obstacle plates alternately, the vaporizer excellent in heat exchange efficiency is obtained by which the efficiency of fuel modifier is notably raised. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional drawing of vaporizer used by fuel battery. (10) Vaporizer; ; (11) Outer cylinder; ; (21) Primary coil pipe line; ; (22) Secondary coil pipe line; ; (23) Straight pipe; ; (24) Space; ; (101) Primary obstacle plate; ; (102) Secondary obstacle plate.
NOVELTY - A solid polymeric separator has a thin metal plate and a cured thermosetting resin compact. The compact is adhered with carbonaceous powder on both sides, and a gas flow groove to supply heating gas or oxidizing agent gas is further formed.    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The separator has excellent gas non- permeability, conductivity, good strength and corrosion resistance. Electricity generation is stable.
NOVELTY - The silicon lump (4) is immersed in a pure water tank (2) having pure water (3). A shock wave beam from a shock wave generator (5) is impressed on the lump, and the silicon lump is crushed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for silicon lump crushing apparatus.    USE -   For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids contamination of silicon lump and crushing is performed easily. Pickling, neutralization are not required and therefore labour is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a model diagram of the crushing apparatus. (2) Pure water tank; (3) Pure water; (4) Silicon lump; (5) Shockwave generator.
NOVELTY - An electrode contact piece containing a polymer with fluorine and sulfonic acid groups is dissolved in a solvent to recover solid polymeric fluid battery material. The insoluble matter containing conductive carrier with catalyst metal is separated. Catalyst metal and fluorine content polymer are recovered.    USE -   The recovered polymer is recycled and used as electrode catalyst coating material for gas diffusion electrodes and for ion exchange membranes used in fuel batteries. Ion exchange membranes are obtained by casting the fluorine content polymer solution into films. The film obtained is heat processed at 50-200 C to obtain the membrane (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Recovery of catalyst metal from spent fuel battery is effectively performed at low cost. Recycling of polymer is enabled which facilitates environmental safety.
NOVELTY - A water supply system (20) supplies water to the upper portion of the solid polymeric type fuel battery, and a waste water drain system (44) equipped at the lower portion collects the residual water and the water obtained by chemical reaction out of the fuel battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Waste water is formed by electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and atmospheric oxygen in the solid polymeric type fuel battery.    USE -   Residual water collection system in solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Water supplied for cooling the fuel battery is efficiently ejected out of the fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The diagram shows sectional view of solid polymeric fuel battery. (20) Water supply system; (44) Waste water drain system.
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic semiconductor structure comprising a thin film semiconductor substrate (16) transferred by an ion implantation process onto a massive substrate (10) is new.    USE - Especially as a solar cell, e.g. for a low orbit telecommunication satellite.    ADVANTAGE - The structure combines the electrical properties of cells formed on GaAs substrates with the mechanical properties and low cost of silicon cells, thus allowing production of GaAs solar cells which have the robustness, lightness and thermal conductivity of silicon, while having a performance at least as good as conventional GaAs cells and being compatible with conventional GaAs or silicon solar cell production techniques.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photovoltaic component semiconductor structure comprises a massive (especially silicon) substrate (10) and a thin film semiconductor (especially a III-V, IV-IV or II-VI binary, ternary or quaternary material) substrate (16) transferred by an ion implantation process onto the massive substrate surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an advanced version of the structure according to the invention incorporating another photovoltaic cell.    Massive silicon substrate (10)    Thin film GaAs substrate (16)    Photovoltaic cells (22, 28)
NOVELTY - Light confinement is achieved in a crystalline thin film opto-electronic device formed on a silicon containing substrate (1) , with a porous silicon layer (2) applied between the thin film and the substrate.    USE - For LEDs and solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The opto-electronic device on a conductive substrate comprises:    (a) a porous silicon layer (2) with light diffusing and reflecting properties on the substrate;    (b) a semiconductor layer (3) selected from Si, GaAs, SiGe and Ge on the porous layer; and    (c) first and second regions in the semiconductor layer.    The first region of specific conductivity acts as a light absorber, the second region having a different conductivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a silicon porous silicon-silicon multilayer structure.    silicon containing substrate (1)    porous silicon layer (2)    semiconductor layer (3)
NOVELTY - The reactor consists principally of reactor and heat removal (or heat supply) chambers. These are formed in a stack of plates (2a-c) having grooves (3) in which (6) are the heat exchange chambers and (5) the reactor chambers containing the catalyst (4). The plates are sealed against each other with solder (7), supplied in sheets. Where a chamber (6) is formed this sheet is solid but where a chamber (5) is formed the sheet is perforated so that there is no danger that solder could mix with the catalyst.    USE - Catalytic reactor, particularly one for making hydrogen for fuel cells    ADVANTAGE - A compact and simple construction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In another version plates (2a-c) have grooves on the upper and the lower faces so that the upper face (usually) forms the reaction chamber and the lower the heat exchange chamber. In this case a plain plate is interposed between the plates (2a-c) and a solid solder sheet is placed between it and the heat exchanger chamber to provide a good seal and avoid the danger of contaminating the catalyst with solder. A plate (2a-c) will be between 0.3 and 0.5 mm and the solder sheets will be between 30 and 100 mum thick. Soldering temperatures will be between 700 and 1,200 degreesC depending on the capacity of the catalyst to withstand this heat. The figure shows a typical pattern that is repeated a number of times in a practical reactor    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a diagrammatic representation    reactor plates (2a-c)    groove (3)    catalyst (4)    reactor chamber (5)    heat exchange chamber (6)    solder (7)
NOVELTY - Total heat exchanger for transferring heat and moisture simultaneously from an exhausted gas to the fuel gas and the oxidising gas is built in on the inner sides of the end plates provided at the opposite ends of the fuel cell or between the insulating plate and the collector plate or the end plates.    USE - Used as high polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - After use cooling water is used as heat source of co-generation system and a fuel cell is provided with a compact internal total heat exchanger.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - High polymer electrolyte fuel cell is obtained by laminating a single cell, a collector plate, an insulation plate and end plates where the single cell has a high polymer electrolyte thin film, a cathode and an anode having catalyst reaction layers and sandwiching the electrolyte thin film, a separator having a means for supplying a fuel gas to the anode, and a separator having a means for supplying oxidation gas to the cathode. A total heat exchanger for transferring heat and moisture simultaneously from an exhausted gas to the fuel gas and the oxidising gas is built in on the inner sides of the end plates provided at the opposite ends of the fuel cell or between the insulating plate and the collector plate or the end plates.
NOVELTY - The permeable composite based on perforated and permeable substrate(s) has, on one or both sides and inside the substrate, an inorganic component comprising a compound of a metal, metalloid and/or mixed metal with main group 3 to 7 element(s). The composite has ion-conducting properties.    USE - The composite is used as a catalyst for acid- or base-catalyzed reactions; and as a membrane in fuel cells, electrodialysis, membrane electrolysis, electrolysis, pervaporation and vapor permeation (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Most of the materials normally used for the cited purposes are polymers that can be used only in a limited temperature range, as they either soften or no longer swell enough to ensure good ion conduction from about 120 degrees C. Inorganic materials (zeolites and other aluminosilicates) have better heat stability but often lack stability in acid media, which limits their usefulness. Existing permeable composites with high thermal stability are not ion conducting. The present composites are thermostable, conduct ions up to 250 degrees C and are insensitive to relatively high acid concentrations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of the composite.
NOVELTY - Water dispersion type adhesive comprising acryl copolymer as base material, is interposed between each battery construction elements and frames (1, 3, 5, 8) of redox battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for redox battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For electrolyte in redox battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since acrylic containing water dispersion type adhesive is interposed between each construction element and frame, liquid seal property is improved remarkably. Weight of redox battery is reduced as an aluminium board is used as a collector board and hard vinyl chloride low foam is used in one of the construction elements. Coating film thickness of the adhesive in set to 0.01-0.5 mm, thus enabling miniaturization of the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the components of the redox battery. (1, 3, 5, 8) Construction elements and frames.
NOVELTY - A modifier (2) which has a combustor supplies hot gas to a fuel battery (1). A compressor (3) connected to modifier supplies air to the fuel battery. A compressor (7) supplies air directly to the combustor of the modifier.    USE -   In fuel battery system of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The pneumatic pressure and air supplied to the fuel battery and the combustor are controlled independently. The system efficiency is improved by rationalizing the driving force of the compressor. The compressed air ejected from the fuel battery is cooled by a water type intercooler, which is smaller than air type intercooler. The driving force of the compressor is reduced. The raise of backing pressure of the compressor is prevented even if the pneumatic pressure from the compressor is high. The temperature of the compressed air supplied to the fuel battery is maintained at a suitable temperature range even if the temperature of air from the fuel battery is very low. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the block diagram of the fuel battery system. (1) Fuel battery; (2) Modifier; (3,7) Compressors.
NOVELTY - A separator (8) which is impregnated with lithium and sodium carbonates, is placed between cathode (1) and anode (4). Gas is passed through a support (9) placed between the electrodes. An oxidation film is formed on the electrodes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for heat treatment method of fuel battery.    USE -   In molten carbonate fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents corrosion caused to the mixed salt on the electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of molten carbonate fuel battery. (1) Cathode; (4) Anode; (8) Separator; (9) Support.
NOVELTY - A storage battery (2) serving as an accumulator is arranged between the fuel battery (1) and the load (3). The storage battery absorbs fluctuation and functions depending on fluctuation of power consumption.    USE -   In fuel battery electricity generation systems.    ADVANTAGE -   The electricity generation efficiency is high as there is no influence due to power consumption fluctuation and fuel battery can be run with stability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows electricity generation system. (1) Fuel battery; (2) Storage battery; (3) Load.
NOVELTY - Silicone powder is granulated by high pressure molding to form pressed silicone powder (1b). The powder is deoxidized and melt to form a melt silicone raw material (16). The melt is then cast into ingot (15).    USE -   The ingot is used as substrate for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Solubility of the silicone melt is maintained while oxygen concentration is reduced remarkably. High purity polycrystalline silicone ingot is obtained at low cost and good quality. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus used for manufacturing silicone ingots. (1b) Pressed silicone powder; ; (15) Ingot; ; (16) Melt silicone raw material.
NOVELTY - The electrode is penetrable by light and comprises longitudinal electrically conductive elements (14) and spaces, whereby the light intensity distribution before having penetrated the electrode is influenced by forward scattering. The conductive elements have a perimeter which is smaller than the wavelength of the light thus causing Mie scattering of the light.    USE - An electrode for use in electrooptical devices such as displays or solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode has high conductivity, high transparency and a wide adaptability with electrical, electronic and interface characteristics. Display devices exhibit high transmittance and improved uniformity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a substrate with a pattern of conductive elements.    Electrode (10)    Glass substrate (11)    Indium tin oxide layer (12)    Conductive grid (13)    Conductive straps (14)    Work function modifier (16)
NOVELTY - A crystal growth process comprises forming an epitaxial semiconductor layer on a porous semiconductor. The porous semiconductor layer has the principal plane of (111)-plane.    USE - Process is used for manufacturing a semiconductor device e.g., solar cell, photosensor.    ADVANTAGE - A crystalline silicon layer covering a porous silicon layer completely is epitaxially grown on the porous layer without causing any abnormal growth. Stratified epitaxial semiconductor layers are stably formed on a porous layer and the semiconductor device is produced in good yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (a) semiconductor device production process comprising forming a porous semiconductor on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and forming an active epitaxial layer on the porous semiconductor, the semiconductor substrate having the principal plane of (111)-plane; and (b) a semiconductor device comprising a substrate on which is formed an active layer having the principal plane of (111)-plane, the active layer being used in photoelectric conversion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a top plan view of the liquid-phase growth system    Loading chamber (1)    Hydrogen annealing chamber (2)    p+ type silicon layer growth chamber (3)    p- type silicon layer growth chamber (4)    n+ type silicon layer growth chamber (5)    Unloading chamber (6)    Transport chambers (7, 8, 9)    Feed chambers (10, 11, 12)    Core (13)
NOVELTY - The solubility of a doping inorganic acid in methanol fuel during the operation of a fuel cell is reduced by substituting one of the acid's hydrogens with a functional group containing a phenyl group. An imidazole ring-containing polymer is doped with the substituted acid to form a solid polymer electrolyte.    USE - The polymer electrolyte is used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer electrolyte overcomes the problems of seepage on compression and methanol barrier properties, typically associated with acid doped polymer electrolytes.
NOVELTY - Water is electrolyzed to hydrogen and oxygen. Each gas is separately purified, before recombination in a fuel cell, producing high purity water.    USE - To produce high purity water for use e.g. in semiconductor manufacture, medical applications, nanotechnology and biotechnology.    ADVANTAGE - The water is purified, taking advantage of the (theoretically) high energy efficiency implied by recycling electricity from fuel cells to electrolysis cells. The fuel cell may operate at extremely high temperatures of up to 1000degreesC, with recovery of heat.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the equipment required, comprising an electrolysis unit (2), at least two gas purification units (7, 8) and a fuel cell (9)    Preferred features: Electricity recovered in the fuel cell, powers electrolysis. In addition, the fuel cell may be fed with high purity hydrogen from pressure vessels, and atmospheric air, both having being further purified. The apparatus is divided into a number of electrolysis cells, each with diaphragm separators. Gas purification is by droplet separation and/or filtration, a molecular sieve and/or absorber being employed. The fuel cell has solid electrolyte comprising zirconium dioxide, palladium or platinum. Electrolysis unit, gas purifiers and fuel cells have modular construction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The equipment is shown as a schematic block diagram.    electrolysis unit (2)    gas purification units (7, 8)    fuel cell (9)
NOVELTY - Current generation from hydrocarbon-containing fuel cells, using gas from fuel reforming with carbon dioxide, is new.    USE - For current generation especially from a high temperature fuel cell employing methane (natural gas) as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Use of CO2 instead of steam for reforming of the hydrocarbon fuel reduces the rate of activity loss of the reforming catalyst so that service life is extended Additionally, the CO2 avoids the need for energy input for water evaporation and produces more CO and less H2 so that good efficiency is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The reforming is carried out within a stack of fuel cells, especially high temperature fuel cells. The CO2-containing off-gas is passed, together with unused hydrocarbon fuel, into a fuel cell or fuel cell stack with internal or integrated reforming.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fuel cell power unit according to the invention.    Pre-reformer (1)    High temperature fuel cells (2)    Water condensation unit (3)    Post-combustion chamber (4)    Return line (5)    Pre-reformer supply line (6)    Heat exchangers (8, 9)
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte fuel cell is a laminate cell formed from a plurality of unit cells composed of a pair of electrodes with a catalyst layer, a polymer electrolyte film interposed between the electrodes, a separator having means for supplying hydrogen-containing gas to one of the electrodes, and a separator with means to provide oxidizing gas to the other electrode by stacking with sealant to at least a part of the peripheries of the electrodes.    USE - The fuel cells are particularly applicable as portable power supply in electric cars and domestic co-generator systems.    ADVANTAGE - Such polymer electrolyte fuel cells are operable at room temperature, with durability, reliability and productivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows cross-sectional view of the main parts of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    Carbon paper electrode (1)    catalyst layer (2)    solid polymer electrolyte film (3)    separators (4)    gas flow routes (5, 6)    cooling water route (7)    manifold hole (8)    molded resin (9)    sealant (10)    gas supply discharge holes (11)
NOVELTY - The alloy composition contains 13-22 wt % of aluminum, 2-8 wt % of chromium, 0.1-4 wt. % of M where M is selected from Zr and Hf, and 1 wt. % of boron or carbon and remaining amount of iron and incidental impurities. The aluminide alloy is resistant to corrosion, when exposed to 500-800 degrees C, when surface of alloy is exposed to reducing gas and another surface is exposed to oxidizing atmosphere.    USE - For container for solid oxide fuel cell for turbine plant.    ADVANTAGE - The alloy possesses significantly improved corrosion resistance at elevated temperature in both oxidizing and reducing environment simultaneously during operation of fuel cells and hence facilitates longer service life. By including carbon, weldability of alloys is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for iron aluminide alloy made container manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of solid oxide fuel cell container.
NOVELTY - Electrochemical vapor deposition process for the fabrication of oxygen ion conducting layers in a deposition chamber uses electrochemically induced reaction of vaporized metal halides with oxygen selected from oxygen gas (O2) and oxygen-containing reactants.    USE - The oxygen ion conducting materials are used for thin layers of solid oxygen ion conducting electrolytes for fuel cells, gas separators and gas sensors.    ADVANTAGE - The process is of low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises: (a) reacting metal halide vapors with oxygen ions from O2 or O-containing reactants; (b) maintaining the O2 and O-containing reactants separate from the metal halide vapors using oxygen conducting oxide layers so the O2 coming from the O-containing reactants, etc. Diffuses as O ions through the oxide layers and reacts with metal halide vapors on the other side to form metal oxides which cause growth of the metal oxide layers while simultaneously forming free halide as reaction byproduct; and (c) reacting free halide with zinc metal vapor present to form zinc halide vapor resulting in an increased growth rate of oxide layers. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) the formation of oxygen ion conducting oxide layers of rare earth element stabilized zirconium oxide; and (2) the formation of oxygen ion conducting layers of solid state solutions of rare earth element oxide in cerium oxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an atmospheric EVD process using chlorine removal with vapors of metals or metal chlorides.    Porous substrate (1)    Envelope (6)    Chambers (7,8)    Gas inlets and outlets (9,10,11,12)
NOVELTY - Fullerene derivatives are new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fullerene derivatives of formula (1) are new. X = 1 or 0; R = group of formula (1-a), (1-b), (1-c) or (1-d); n = integer of 2-12; Y = halogen. An independent claim is also included for fullerene-azobenzene derivatives of formula (2).    USE -   Expected to be used for thin film, photo-sensor, optical electrochemical elements, photo-sensitizer for electrophotography and solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Thin film fullerene (derivatives) has photo-conductivity.
NOVELTY - A silicon light reception layer is formed on a support (1) by coating or vacuum evaporation process. The Si particles have its diameter ranging from 0.1-200 m or less than or equals 1000 m.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since material harmful to human body is not utilized, environmental pollution is eliminated. Since solar battery is manufactured easily, manufacturing cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic sectional view of solar battery. (1) Support.
NOVELTY - Byproduct gas obtained from iron manufacture process is supplied as cathode and anode gas which are coke oven gas (COG) and blast furnace gas (BFG), respectively. Carbon dioxide is separated from anode waste gas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A shift coke oven gas reaction takes place by decomposing carbon monoxide to hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The hydrocarbon in COG is decomposed to hydrogen and carbon dioxide by water vapor modification reaction. The carbon monoxide contained in BFG is oxidized to carbon dioxide by combustion. BFG air and oxygen are mixed with fuel and burnt, and the volume concentration ratio of carbon dioxide/oxygen is set to 1/4-4/1. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbon dioxide fixation method which involves synthesizing chemicals from the obtained carbon dioxide.    USE -   For global warming, energy conservation.    ADVANTAGE -   Since high purity carbon dioxide is obtained, it is used for chemical synthesis. Electricity is also efficiently generated by cathode and anode gas sent. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows system flow of molten carbonate type fuel battery electricity generation waste gas recovery complex system.
NOVELTY - A silicon group thin film contains 1 ppm or more of phosphorus atoms. The diffraction strength due to (220) plane (measured by X-ray or electron diffraction) is 30% or more of the total diffraction strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) Manufacture of formation of the silicon group thin film. The silicon group thin film is formed on a substrate by plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD). (ii) Manufacture of a photovoltaic cell.    USE -   For photovoltaic cell (claimed) such as solar battery, sensor, image pick-up element etc. The photovoltaic cell has a conductive substrate on which two or more silicon group semiconductor layers (having different conductivity) are formed (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The photovoltaic cell has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and the grain boundary of the silicon thin film is deactivated by the phosphorus atoms.
NOVELTY - The silicone resin (6) injected in one side of the thin metal plate and through a hole (3) formed on the circumference of the thin metal plate (2) to form silicone resin layer (51) on both sides of the plate. Then the silicone resin layer in one side is peeled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thickness of the silicone resin layer ranging between 0.05-1.9 mm has hardness between 40-70.    USE -   As cushioning material such as for electric electronic components, packaging material, spacer and separator of fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The metal composite containing silicone resin layer to its one side is manufactured correctly and efficiently, which is used in large amount.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross-sectional outline of metal composite. (2) Thin metal plate; ; (3) Hole; ; (6) Silicone resin; ; (51) Silicone resin layer.
NOVELTY - A resin flow path (5) is formed around the circumference of a portion (21) of metal thin plate (2) provided in metallic mold. Silicone resin (6) is injected from one side of the metal plate for its easy flow and silicone resin layers (51,52) are formed on both sided circumference of metal thin plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hardness of the silicone resin layer with thickness ranging between 0.05-1.0 mm, ranges between 40-70.    USE -   As cushioning materials such as electric, electronic components, packing materials, spacer and separator of fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The metal plate with silicone resin layers on its both sides is correctly and efficiently manufactured and is used in large amount.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross-sectional outline of metal composite. (2) Thin metal plate; ; (5) Flow path; ; (6) Silicone resin; ; (21) Portion of thin metal plate; ; (51,52) Silicone resin layers.
NOVELTY - The reformer contains two more catalyst units in which the heat capacity of the upstream catalyst unit is the same or lower than that of the downstream unit to provide improved safety, startup heating performance and efficient hydrogen production.    USE - For use in reforming of hydrocarbons for hydrogen production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reformer disposed in the path of a reactant fluid comprises two or more catalyst units capable of generating hydrogen from a reactant fluid containing an organic compound or carbon monoxide, by catalysis. The heat capacity of the upstream side catalyst unit is equal to or lower than that of the downstream side unit.
NOVELTY - A deflection chamber (4) interconnects the outlet end (1a) of the oxidation stage (1) to the inlet end (2a) of the reformer (2) stage.    USE - A methanol reformer, e.g. producing hydrogen for a fuel cell powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - A compact, low-weight, relatively inexpensive unit is formed. High hydrogen yield is achieved and hydrogen selectivity is increased. Because oxidation and reforming stages are separated, control becomes relatively simple. Controlling just the oxidant supply, will be seen to alter the ratio of oxidation to reforming rates. Autothermal operation is readily set up in this way.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred features: A hydrogen separation membrane (6) is located on a side of the reformer stage other than the partition. Alternatively, it passes through the reformer stage in the form of hollow channel(s). A lance (12) passes through the oxidation stage, distributing oxidant gas into it. This lance (12) comprises a hollow ceramic fiber matrix. Water (e.g. steam) can be supplied at the inlet end (1b) of the oxidation stage and/or at the inlet of the reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The reactor embodying oxidation and reforming stages, is seen in cross-section.    oxidation stage (1)    outlet end of oxidation stage (1a)    reformer stage (2)    inlet end of reformer (2a)    inlet end of oxidation stage (1b)    hydrogen separation membrane (6)    lance comprising hollow ceramic fiber matrix (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell membrane/electrode unit has electrodes sandwiching a proton conductor comprising a temperature stable electrolyte-saturated non woven micro fiber material.    USE - As a membrane/electrode unit for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The unit retains the advantages of per fluorinated ionomer membranes while having reduced production costs, reducing noxious substances on disposal and providing temperature resistance at up to 200degreesC for reducing the effects of catalyst poisons to allow the use of hydrogen fuel produced by internal reforming of methanol or direct oxidation of methanol.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell membrane/electrode unit comprises a proton conductor arranged between optionally catalyst coated anode and cathode electrodes, the novelty being that the proton conductor is formed by an electrolyte-saturated non woven micro fiber material which is chemical inert with respect to the electrolyte at up to 200degreesC and under oxidizing and reducing conditions and which has a weight of 20-200 g/m2, a thickness of less than 1 mm and a pore volume of 65-92%.    Preferred Features: The non woven micro fiber material may be filled with a per fluorinated ionomer, a 1-5 M aqueous sulfuric acid solution, concentrated phosphoric acid or hydrated zirconium phosphate or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
NOVELTY - The electrodes (2) of a fuel cell are formed of electrically conducting polymeric fibers impregnated by flow channels running parallel to their surfaces.    USE - Used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell has good operational safety.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell comprises a housing having a first proton-conducting layer (1) covered on both sides by catalyst layers (5) with gas-permeable electrodes (2) on the catalyst layers, and electrically conducting plates (3) arranged on both sides of the layer (1). The electrodes (2) of a fuel cell are formed of electrically conducting polymeric fibers impregnated by flow channels running parallel to their surfaces.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the fuel cell.    proton-conducting layer (1)    electrodes (2)    electrically conducting plates (3)    catalyst layers (5)
NOVELTY - Modified nano-particulate transition metal or alloy colloids which are dispersible in organic solvents and/or water are produced by the reaction of a product obtained by reacting a group 6-11 transition metal compound with an organometallic compound or treating a pre-synthesized nano-particulate transition metal or alloy colloid with an organometallic compound with a modifier which has protolytic action, introduces C,C-, C,N- or C,O- multiple bonds or reacts with metal-carbon bonds via Lewis acid-base interactions.    USE - The modified colloids are useful as surface coatings, in sol-gel processes, as hydrogenation or oxygen transfer catalysts (optionally on carriers), as electrocatalysts in fuel cells, especially those based on platinum/ruthenium or platinum/tin colloids, or in ink jet printing and laser etching. Modified iron, cobalt and nickel colloids are useful for magneto-optical information storage and as fluids in magnetic fluid sealants, while modified iron colloids are also useful as magnetic cell labels or for magnetic cell separation.    ADVANTAGE - The process provides modified colloids which have improved dispersibility in a wide variety of solvents, including water, without decomposition of the metal particles when high metal concentrations are present.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of modified nano-particulate transition metal or alloy colloids which are dispersible in hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic organic solvents and/or water comprises the reaction, in situ or after isolation, of the product obtained by reacting a group 6-11 transition metal compound with an organometallic compound or treating a pre-synthesized nano-particulate transition metal or alloy colloid with an organometallic compound with an organic or inorganic modifier which has protolytic action, introduces C,C, C,N or C,O multiple bonds or reacts with metal-carbon bonds via Lewis acid-base interactions.
NOVELTY - The water gas reactor that can reduce or minimize the concentration of carbon monoxide and/or increase the level of hydrogen in gas streams has constant temperature heat transfer devices or heat/mass exchangers.    USE - The system is used for reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide in a process gas and/or increasing the level of hydrogen. The system can be used in combination with a hydrocarbon reformer, such as an under oxidized burner assembly, as well as fuel cell assembly, such as a polymer electrolyte membrane.    ADVANTAGE - The system can attain low exit temperatures at elevated humidity, thus, achieving minimum carbon monoxide concentrations in the exit gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A system having a shift reactor and a heat exchanger that is used to reduce or minimize the concentration of carbon monoxide and/or increase the level of hydrogen in gas streams, comprises:    (a) a catalyst-containing chamber (14) that has a holding system comprising sealed passages for accommodating a liquid-vapor medium; and    (b) a circulator for circulating the liquid-vapor medium in the conduits of the circulating system.    The heat is exchanged between the inside of the chamber and the holding system, and the chamber and the circulating system, with the circulating system spreading the heat throughout the housing to provide a constant temperature.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) A process for treating a gas mixture containing carbon monoxide by raising the humidity level and lowering the temperature of the gas mixture;    (2) A process for controlling temperature distribution in a heat exchanger; and    (3) The heat exchanger in the above system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the shift reactor/heat exchanger system of this invention.    Chamber (14)    Vertical tube (24)
NOVELTY - Interface surface of ceramic material (42) and interface surface of metallic material (40) are positioned adjacent to each other and at least one of them is contacted with a titanium containing braze material (46) having at least 15% nickel. The braze material is heated under vacuum below 1150 degreesC and melted to contact both interface surfaces followed by cooling to form a solid seal between them.    USE - For sealing interface surfaces of ceramic material and metallic pin for use in implantable medical devices, electrical connectors, electronic packages such as fuel cells and gas sensors, structural components such as cutting tool components and inserts, pulp and paper handling equipment, pump component, seawater components and sporting goods such as golf club.    ADVANTAGE - The interface surfaces of ceramic component and metallic components having wide variety of geometry can be hermetically sealed reliably. The braze materials can provide seals on the outer or inner surface of the component assembly and multiple components can be sealed simultaneously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) an insert for contacting the interface surfaces. The insert has an annular configuration and is composed of a braze material containing at least 35% titanium and at least 15% nickel; (ii) component assembly composed of interface surfaces of metallic component and ceramic component. The metallic component contains titanium, niobium, platinum, copper or refractory metal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic cross-sectional side view of component assembly in which the ceramic and metallic interface surfaces are hermetically sealed.    Metallic pin (40)    Ceramic insulating block (42)    Braze material (46)
NOVELTY - The optical absorption of an amorphous semiconductor film is enhanced by contacting the film with a nucleating site material and annealing to form a crystalline film of grain size less than 200 Angstrom .    USE - In manufacture of solar cells, large area display devices etc.    ADVANTAGE - Crystalline films with desired controllable grain size are obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The film is preferably amorphous silicon and the nucleating site material is preferably palladium. In an alternative method, the optical absorption of a crystalline silicon film is enhanced by ion implantation. In further methods, an amorphous semiconductor film is converted to a crystalline state with reduced stress levels.
NOVELTY - Raw material gas is introduced into film forming chamber, and plasma forming gas into plasma chamber. Potential is applied to porous electrode provided between the chambers. Direct current voltage is applied between the plasma chamber and porous electrode and substrate holder. Filament releases electron to activate raw material gas, when energized by power supply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Insulator is interposed between plasma chamber and film forming chamber. The gas in plasma chamber is plasmified by using high frequency power supply and electrode.    USE -   For manufacturing thin film transistor used in liquid crystal display, semiconductor integrated circuit, solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Favorable film is formed without heating substrate to high temperature.
NOVELTY - Laminated plastic consists of a gas barrier film and cured film which are placed between a photocured resin layer and conductive film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an alternative laminated plastic, which consists of a photocured resin layer which is laminated with cured film on the both sides, with one of the cured film being laminated with a gas barrier film and the other being laminated with a conductive film.    USE -   The laminated plastics can be used in substrates of liquid crystal displays, touch panels, and solar cell conversion devices.    ADVANTAGE -   The laminated plastics invented have high chemical resistance, rigidity, and shock resistance.
NOVELTY - Laminated plastic consists of: (A) a photo-cured resin, (B) a gas barrier film, and (C) a cured film, laminated in this order.    USE -   The laminated plastics can be used in substrates of liquid crystal displays, touch panels, and solar cell conversion devices.    ADVANTAGE -   The laminated plastics invented have high chemical resistance, rigidity, and shock resistance.
NOVELTY - The plates (301, 302) consisting of wave like spring material, are arranged between the separators (201, 202) and the electrodes (103,105). The clearance (401) formed between the separator (201) and the electrode (103) is used as fuel gas passing groove. The clearance (402) formed between the separator (202) and other electrode (105) is used as oxide gas passing groove.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrodes are formed on both sides of a solid polymer electrolyte film (101). The hot fuel gas is supplied to one side of electrode and oxide gas is supplied to other electrode.    USE -   For supply of fuel gas and oxide gas to solid polymer electrolyte fuel battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies pressure management of battery. Prevents damage of electrode by increasing pressure exerted between separator and electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of unit cell. (103,105) Electrodes; (201,202) Separators; (301,302) Plates; (401,402) Clearances.
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive film is formed on one surface of transparent substrate. A recess is formed lower than the peripheral surface of the substrate. An electrode is formed on the conductive substrate by filling a sensitizing dye and an electrolyte containing organic solvent on the recess.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for wet solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For reflective wet solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrolyte can be used for sealing spacer completely.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure represent schematic sectional view of wet solar battery.
NOVELTY - A minute conductive film (20) is formed between interconnector (16) and air pole (13).    USE -   In solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Fuel battery outputs stable power supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of conductive film formed between interconnector and air pole. (13) Air pole; (16) Interconnector; (20) Conductive film.
NOVELTY - Normal temperature gas (aS) is heated and directed on the surface of the wafer (10), and aerosol (43A) is also injected to the wafer surface, simultaneously. Due the high- speed gas, the aerosol is accelerated along the collision direction. The fine particles on the wafer surface are vaporized using the potential heat of the high-speed gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the surface cleaning apparatus.    USE -   For removing contaminants and etching scum from the surface of semiconductor wafer used in manufacture of integrated circuit used in liquid crystal display device, solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   During cleaning, waste liquid draining process is avoided, thereby enabling environmental conservation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal of surface washing. (10) Wafer; (43A) Aerosol; (109A) High- speed gas.
A container (8) used for an oxidation refining process or a volatalization refining process while holding molten silicon, wherein an outlet opening (12) for discharging the molten silicon is formed in a silicon immersion surface of the container    USE -   The container is suitable for mfg. solar cell silicon from metallic silicon.    ADVANTAGE -   A container suitable for removing boron, carbon, phosphorus, calcium etc. from metallic silicon is provided.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor thin film (2) is peeled away from its substrate (1) without damage, the substrate being held without contamination    USE - For solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thin film support part with a curved surface is rotated while supporting a thin film formed on the substrate on the curved surface of the thin film supporter (5). The thin film is peeled away from the substrate. The magnitude of external force for peeling the film reduced with the progress of the peeling. AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a solar cell comprising:    (a) forming a separation layer on a substrate and a semiconductor thin film (2) with layers of different conductivity on the separation layer;    (b) bonding a light transmitting film onto the semiconductor thin film with a light transmitting adhesive;    (c) exerting external force on the light transmitting film to peel the semiconductor thin film from the substrate; and    (d) forming an electrode on the back surface of the back surface of the peeled film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the semiconductor thin film production.    substrate (1)    semiconductor thin film (2)    thin film support (5)
NOVELTY - The method for activating polymer electrolyte type fuel cell comprising unit cell(s) configured by including proton conductive polymer electrolyte, an electrolyte layer having catalytic activity arranged on both surfaces of electrolyte and a gas supplying bath. The method involves enhancing the catalytic activity of electrode and/or giving a wetting condition to the electrolyte.    USE - For activating an electrolyte type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides an easy and highly effective method for activating the fuel cell by preventing the deterioration in the cell performance due to CO poisoning or restoring the deteriorated cell performance. Reduces the delay in demonstrating the cell performance due to the water-repelling property of the electrolyte membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view showing a fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - A water-spraying unit (26) is provided in an oxidizing unit (34) of a fuel cell system.    USE - Used in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Electrical energy can be economically and environmentally produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell system for a vehicle comprises a reformer unit (18) to produce hydrogen from an energy carrier, especially a liquid raw material (28) to operate a fuel cell unit (10). An oxidizing unit (34) for converting carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide is arranged between the reforming unit and the fuel cell unit. A water-spraying unit (26) is provided in an oxidizing unit of a fuel cell system. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for producing electrical energy using the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system.    fuel cell unit (10)    reforming unit (18)    mixer (20)    water-spraying unit (26)    raw material (28)    oxidizing unit (34)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell consists of a solid electrolyte made of yttrium and stabilized zirconium oxide, and an anode with intermediate layer between the anode and the electrolyte. The anode and the intermediate layer are made of a cermet of nickel and stabilized zirconium oxide.    USE - Used as solid oxide fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell has high electrochemical reactivity.
NOVELTY - A non-polluting production of hydrogen and electrical energy from ethanol coming from biomass comprises reacting 40-70 wt.%, preferably, 50-60 wt.% ethanol with air in oxygen:ethanol = 0-0.5 (molar) in the presence of a catalyst, where in the same or another reactor, a shift reaction follows; separating hydrogen from the gas mixture and feeding it into a fuel cell to produce electrical energy.    USE - For the production of hydrogen and electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - No harmful emissions to the environment are produced in any of the stages in the process. The efficiency of fuel cells used approaches 70%. It is twice that of thermal engines.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A zero pollutant emission production of hydrogen and electrical energy from ethanol that is produced from biomass comprises:    (a) mixing 40-70 wt.%, preferably 50-60 wt.% ethanol with air in oxygen:ethanol = 0-0.5 (molar);    (b) feeding the mixture into a reactor where partial oxidation and reforming of ethanol occurs in the presence of a catalyst;    (c) in the same or another reactor, shift reaction and if required, the combustion of carbon monoxide or its conversion to methane occurs;    (d) separating hydrogen from the gaseous mixture containing hydrogen in mixture with carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane or other gases exiting from the reactors; and    (e) feeding hydrogen to a fuel cell to produce electrical energy. The ethanol is an aqueous solution coming from fermentation of biomass. It is separated by distillation or any other technique.
NOVELTY - Porous support layer comprises a carbon fiber substrate which has 75-95% of total pore volume defining hydrophobic pores coated with 0.2-0.6 grams of hydrophobic substance and 5-25% of total pore volume defining hydrophilic pores. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic pores are integrated throughout the substrates (40, 42).    USE - For facilitating transport of gaseous and liquid fluids within electrochemical cell such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Additional liquid water is supplied to anode through hydrophilic pores of porous support layer to prevent dry out of PEM. The porous support layer facilitates simultaneous transport of gaseous and liquid fluids throughout the fuel cell and is utilized on either anode or cathode side of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon fiber substrate has mean pore diameter of 10-60 microns and total pore volume of 60-80 microns.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a porous support layer manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-section of the fuel cell.    Substrates (40, 42)
NOVELTY - Electrolyzers (2) are equipped with electrically conductive bus bars and rectifiers (3) forming hydrogen as byproduct. The fuel cells are fed with hydrogen and air under pressure. The fuel cells are directly connected to electrolyzers in parallel or serially by bus bars without interposition of any voltage converter or adjuster.    USE - For direct integration of fuel cells in electrochemical plant such as chlor-alkali plants, chlorate electrolysis and hydrochloric acid electrolysis or refinery plants.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy integration of fuel cells in electrochemical plants with the final result of substantially decreasing the overall electric power consumption through the recovery of hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of fuel cells connected parallel with electrolyzers.    Electrolyzer (2)    Rectifier (3)
NOVELTY - Surfaces of disks are with imbricated by alkali etching. Such surfaces ensure small- thickness areas on film applied to imbrication edges which are then opened by treating them in fluoride-hydrogen acid; such imbrication also makes it possible to facilitate clarifying of main part of surface. Tetraethoxytitanium base clarifying compound is doped with impurity of same type as that used in forming front diffusion layer (such as phosphoric anhydride); compound is applied by centrifuging and then structures are subjected to heat treatment at 850-900 C in dry nitrogen. Contact system is deposited on face side of solar cell on top of antireflection coat.    USE - Manufacture of solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitated clarification of main part of surface, improved passivating effect of surface.
NOVELTY - A quantum well structure is formed between a contact layer (21) and p electrode (31). The well structure has well layers (23,28) made of nitride semiconductor. A barrier layer (25) is made of different compositions of nitride semiconductor with that of well layers. The barrier layer is doped with n-type impurity while well layer is undoped.    USE -   In nitride semiconductor device used for light receptors, light emitters e.g laser diodes and LED, solar battery, optical sensor, transistors, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Minimizes threshold current density ensuring long life of the laser as doping of negative ions is done only to the barrier layer. Improves output of laser hence utilization value increases. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model sectional view of the laser element. (21) Contact layer; (23,28) Well layer; (25) Barrier layer; (31) P electrode.
NOVELTY - The cell of solar battery is formed on surface of single crystal silicon substrate. A portion of the substrate is cut to round shape forming a silicon ingot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for single crystal silicon solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces loss of single crystal silicon material and area loss due to arrangement due to usage of single crystal silicon substrate in form of ingot. Offers small sized and efficient single crystal silicon solar battery due to elimination of wastage in sequence. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows series of manufacturing process of solar battery.
NOVELTY - The battery has p and n type compound semiconductor films of CIS type chalcopyrite structure. The n type film contains CuAl(SxSe1-x)2.    USE -   For solar power applications.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers n-type conduction film without drop in energy conversion efficiency due to chalcopyrite structure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery.
NOVELTY - The catalyst layer (8) of anode (2) and cathode (3), containing proton conductivity polymer and electrode catalyst particle is formed on both sides of the solid polymer film (1) via proton conductivity polymer layer (9) of different EW. Adjacent to each catalyst layer, gaseous diffusion layer (5) containing electrically conductive porous material and fluorine group polymer is provided.    USE -   In solid polymer electrolyte fuel batteries for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The elimination efficiency of water in cathode catalyst layer is raised with the help of proton conductivity polymer layer having high EW property which prevents water to reach or settle in cathode catalyst layer. Also the gaseous diffusion layer acts as water repellent layer and since being porous prevents water getting settled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the model diagram showing the cell structure of solid polymer electrolyte fuel battery. (1) Solid polymer film; (2) Anode; (3) Cathode; (5) Gaseous diffusion layer; (8) Catalyst layer; (9) Proton conductivity polymer layer.
NOVELTY - Oxide semiconductor electrode material (24) containing conductive substance (23) which absorbs a pigment, forms an oxide semiconductor electrode (22). The electrode is arranged opposite to counter electrode (10) through an electrolyte (31).    USE -   In pigment sensitization type solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The resistance factor of an oxide semiconductor electrode is lowered, by containing conductive substance in oxide semiconductor electrode material of solar battery, hence energy efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of solar battery. (10) Counter electrode; (24) Oxide semiconductor electrode material; (22) Oxide semiconductor electrode; (23) Conductive substance; (31) Electrolyte.
NOVELTY - A main water tank (19) supplies water to a fuel battery (3). A supplementary water tank (17) is configured for replenishing the water. The exhaust from the fuel battery is ventilated to the supplementary water tank.    USE -   In solid polymeric type fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Since water in supplementary water tank is heated by exhaust of fuel battery, reduction of power generation during supply of water from supplementary tank, is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the piping composition of supplementary water tank in the solid polymeric type fuel battery. (3) Fuel battery; (17) Supplementary water tank; (19) Main water tank.
NOVELTY - The exposed surface of collector (35) is coated with a coating layer of 0.3-30 m which consists of a metal chosen from Ni,Co,Mn and W with 0.5-5 m diameter of crystal grain and cermet with ZrO2 which contains at least one kind chosen from Ca,Mg, rare earth elements, CeO2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solid electrolytic cell has an solid electrolyte (31) interposed between the air pole (32) and fuel pole (33) and the collector is exposed externally. The solid electrolyte electrically connects the air pole and fuel pole.    USE -   The collector with coating layer is used for sold electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the collector has coating layer of specific thickness the sintering of metal and metal aggregation are suppressed. The reduction of the connection area of Ni felt and collector by the coating layer is prevented. The collector characteristics are improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section of the solid electrolyte type fuel battery. (31) Solid electrolyte; (32) Air pole; (33) Fuel pole; (35) Collector.
NOVELTY - The ceramic powder has a binder layer formed on the ceramic powder surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of molten carbonate type fuel cell electrolyte board.    USE -   Used in molten carbonate type fuel cell electrolyte board in unit battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Large sized and uniform electrolyte board for melting carbonate type fuel batteries can be mass produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of molten carbonate type fuel cell electrolyte board.
NOVELTY - Cooling gas passage (11) is configured between a cathode gas passage (8) and anode gas passage (7) separated by a separator (6). Cooling reaction gas (9C) is passed through the cooling gas passage in a direction opposing the flow direction of oxidizing agent gas (9B).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An anode electrode (2) and an anode collector board (3) are configured on one side of an electrolyte board (1). A cathode electrode (4) and a cathode collector board (5) are provided on other side of the electrolyte board. The heating gas (9A) is passed through the anode gas passage. The oxidizing agent gas is passed through the cathode gas passage.    USE -   For cooling molten carbonate type fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Temperature rise is restrained by absorbing heat of oxidizing agent gas, so corrosion of electrolyte board is reduced and hence fuel battery cell can be used over a long period of time. Circulation capacity of oxidizing agent gas is reduced and hence suppresses reduction in cooling efficiency, temperature distribution in battery stack is made small. Suppresses hot spot generation in fuel battery stack. Enables operation of battery at stable voltage for long time, with increased electricity generation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the molten carbonate type fuel battery system. (1) Electrolyte board; (2) Anode electrode; (3) Anode collector board; (4) Cathode electrode; (5) Cathode collector board; (6) Separator; (7) Anode gas passage; (8) Cathode gas passage; (9A) Heating gas; (9B) Oxidizing agent gas; (9C) Cooling reaction gas; (11) Cooling gas passage.
NOVELTY - The battery includes an air pole (32) formed on the inner surface of a solid electrolyte (31). The air pole has a notch over which a collector (35) is provided. The thickness `t1' between the edge of collector and the solid electrolyte is thicker than the thickness `t2' between the collector and the air pole.    USE -   In cylindrical solid electrolyte fuel battery cell.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses stress generated in the collector and prevents damage to battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of cylindrical solid electrolyte type fuel battery cell. (31) Solid electrolyte; (32) Air pole; (35) Collector.
NOVELTY - The elements in gas or vapour form are dissociated and partly ionised in the discharge chamber of an ion source. The polymer film is bombarded with 5 keV to 10 MeV ions by the ion source extraction system. As a result, the implanted elements are added to the polymer chains.    USE - Ion and electron conducting membranes obtained by modifying crosslinked polymer film of various types, e.g. polysulphones, are useful in electrochemical energy conversion in fuel cells and electrolysis of water and in the disposal of saline waste and liberation of organic acids by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes. Films with different conductivity zones, obtained by varying the ion dose and composition with time, are useful e.g. for polymer solar cells or gas sensors.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simpler and cheaper than monomer synthesis, polymerisation and functionalisation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of ion and/or electron conducting polymer film with polar reactive groups for technical high grade applications involves ion implantation of ions and atoms with chemical elements having energies of 5 keV to 10 MeV. The elements in gas or vapour form are dissociated and partly ionised in the discharge chamber of an ion source. The polymer film is bombarded with 5 keV to 10 MeV ions by the ion source extraction system. As a result, the implanted elements are added to the polymer chains.
NOVELTY - Semiconductor material selected from a group consisting of Si, Ge, GaAr and SiC, and alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Cs, K, Rb, Li, Na, Fr and Lb are deposited on a patterned substrate. Then, the compound film (20) is formed by simultaneously laser ablating semiconductor material and thermal evaporating the alkali material in oxygen environment.    USE - For use in solar cell, field emission flat panel display, electron guns, cold cathode electron guns, photocathode.    ADVANTAGE - Enables intrinsically easy manufacture and offers a real possibility for economic field emission display.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for producing low work function, stable compound thin film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematical view of low work function compound thin film formation apparatus.    Silicon target (11)    Laser beam (13)    Collection substrate (15)    Silicon atoms (18')    Cesium atoms (19')    Compound thin film (20)
NOVELTY - A microstructured surface prior to depositing the final conductive layer is achieved in the fabrication of a catalytic field-effect sensor. A thin catalytic layer (21) is deposited on an insulator (22) (supported by a semiconductor (23)) or on a semiconductor that has a well-defined surface morphology.    USE - The method is used for fabricating catalytic field-effect sensors for gas sensing especially at high operation temperatures.    ADVANTAGE - The method can be used at elevated operation temperatures. It has an improved long-term stability and reproducibility. The amount of catalytic material can be increased for a given amount of porosity. This reduces poisoning effects leading to the further improvement of the stability of the sensor device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a catalytic field-effect sensor that has an outer conductive layer arranged on the microstructured underlying layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A sensor device of the invention.    Thin catalytic layer (21)    Insulator (22)    Semiconductor (23)
NOVELTY - A closed end ceramic fuel cell tube is manufactured by bonding an unfired end cap to the end of an unfired tube and firing to form a sintered tube.    USE - The product is preferably the air electrode of a solid oxide fuel cell, preferably formed of doped lanthanum manganite.    ADVANTAGE - A leak-tight seal is formed with a porosity matching that of the wall. The method provides a high yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compound joint is formed between end cap and tube, preferably comprising at least one recessed annular ring in the tube or cap.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fuel cell tube formed by the method of the invention.    Cap (22)    Tube (20)    Paste or slurry seal (24)
NOVELTY - A dense ceramic layer having a gas permeation flux Q1 of 50 m.hr-1.atm-1 or less is formed on the air electrode. On this ceramic layer a dense ceramic interconnector film is formed. The gas permeation flux Q2 of the interconnector film is 0.01 m.hr-1 .atm-1 or less. This value is preferable to an interconnector film of a solid electrolyte fuel cell.    USE - None given.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid electrolyte fuel cell comprises an air electrode, a solid electrolyte film, a fuel electrode, and an interconnector.
NOVELTY - A glass-ceramic coating is formed on a substrate by depositing a first layer of glass powder and binder, adding a thicker laminar layer of glass powder and binder and heat treating.    USE - In forming a high performance seal between confronting faces of adjacent separator plates in a planar solid oxide fuel cell stack. (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat treatment drives off the binders and converts the layers to glass-ceramic layers. Preferably the first layer thickness is not more than 50 micron and the second layer thickness is 100 micron-3 mm.
An ion-exchanging film(IEF) comprises an ion-exchanging resin, which is prepared by copolymerising three kinds of vinyl monomers of formula (1-1), chemically bonded with three kinds of low-molecular wt. type. R1 = film matrix type; R2 = ion-exchanging type; R3 = orienting type; X = 1-50; Y = 0.1-20; Z = 0.02-10; n = 10-1000.    - The IEF is used for a solid polymer type fuel battery, an electrochemical sensor and a flat panel.    ADVANTAGE -   The IEF has a stable larger ion-conductivity than the conventional perfluoro(alkyl)sulphonic acid film has and is low-cost.
Transparent conductive film of formula In3Sb1-xO7-delta    - 0.2 X 0.2 -0.5 0.5    which mainly contains In, Sb, and O and has a defective fluorite crystal structure is new.    USE -   The transparent conductive film obtained can be used in transparent electrodes of liquid crystal display devices and solar cells, infrared absorbing reflective film, and electromagnetic shielding film.    ADVANTAGE -   The transparent conductive film obtained has high resistivity and improved transmittance against visible radiation.
NOVELTY - A solar battery (1) includes solar battery cells with photoelectric conversion layers which are connected in series. A storage battery (3) includes lead cells being connected in series. The ratio of number of solar battery cells to number of lead cells is between 10/6 - 12/6. The photoelectric conversion layer includes amorphous silicon and amorphous germanium.    USE -   For solar battery in industrial applications.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves charging efficiency by reducing loss, thus enabling power cost reduction. Enables optimization of number of lead and lamination type amorphous solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the solar power generation system with storage battery. (1) Solar battery; (2) Charging controller; (3) Storage battery.
NOVELTY - A p-layer (33) bears buffer layers (34,35), i- layer (36) and n-layer (37) arranged sequentially. The p-layer has amorphous silicon carbide with larger forbidden bandwidth than i-layer. The CH4ratio of buffer layers reduces gradually towards boundary surface of i-layer.    USE -   For amorphous silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces defective level near p-i layer boundary surface and hence improves conversion efficiency of photoirradiation on surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of amorphous silicon solar battery. (33) p- layer; (34,35) Buffer layers; (36) i-layer; (37) n-layer.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen generator (14) generates hydrogen by electrolysis of water. The generated hydrogen is stored as fuel in hydrogen storage tank (36). A controller controls the operation of hydrogen generator such that it is operated only during predetermined time.    USE -   For generation of electricity using hydrogen as fuel for air-conditioner.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to generate electrical energy depending on external load. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of hydrogen fuel electricity generation system. (14) Hydrogen generator; (36) Hydrogen storage tank.
NOVELTY - A foundation insulating film (2) with a thickness of 0.5-10 m is formed on a metal plate (1) by sol-gel process. A surface insulating film (3) is formed on the insulating film (2). Insulating powder (4) having a visible reflecting rate of 70% or more is dispersed in the insulating films.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for insulated substrate manufacture.    USE -   Used for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The substrate has improved heat resistant and moisture resistant properties. Improves insulation resistance of foundation insulating film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the insulating film formed on the metal plate. (1) Metal plate; (2) Foundation insulating film; (3) Surface insulating film; (4) Insulating powder.
NOVELTY - A method (I) of fabricating a solar cell involves simultaneously removing portions of a cadmium sulfide film and an underlying transparent conductive film deposited on a transparent insulating substrate using laser beam irradiation to divide them into unit cells.    USE - Used for manufacturing cadmium sulfide/cadmium telluride solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Formation of low resistance portions of the cadmium sulfide film caused by diffusion of fluorine or indium from the transparent conductive film is eliminated thus increasing photoelectric conversion efficiency of a solar cell sub-module by decreasing leakage current. No scribing debris deposits or adheres to the cadmium sulfide so no additional process, such as pure water wash, is required to clean it off unlike prior art.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method as (I) further comprising forming a cadmium telluride film on the divided cadmium sulfide, dividing the cadmium telluride into the unit cells, forming a collector film on each divided film, and electrically connecting the collector films and divided cadmium telluride films of adjacent cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view showing a fabrication process sequence for a solar cell in an example of the invention.    Cadmium sulfide film (2)    Cadmium telluride film (3)    Carbon films (4)    Silver/indium films (5)    Glass substrate (10)    Tin oxide film (11)    Resist (30)
NOVELTY - A slurry for the catalyst layer of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is made by forming an alkali metal salt of a perfluorosulfonate ionomer solution, adding a polar organic solvent, heating to remove alcohol and adding platinum/carbon.    USE - In forming a catalyst layer for a PEM fuel cell electrode (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electrode has improved processing stability and power output characteristics. Continuous production by tape casting is possible and only one coating step is needed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method of making a slurry for forming a catalyst layer of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell comprises adding an MOH solution (M = Li, Na or K) to a perfluorosulfonate ionomer (PFSI) solution to give an M+-PFSI solution, adding an organic polar solvent of higher boiling point than any alcohol remaining in the PFSI solution and heating to between the alcohol boiling point and 20degreesC above this to remove remaining alcohol. The pretreated PFSI solution is then mixed with Pt/C to form the slurry. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method as above of making a PEM fuel cell further comprising coating the slurry on one side of an electrode backing layer, drying at not more than the boiling point of the polar solvent, impregnating in acid solution, washing and drying to form a gas diffusion electrode with the deposited catalyst layer and interposing a PEM between anode and cathode side of the electrode and hot pressing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A block diagram of the process steps is shown.
NOVELTY - Sintered or untreated zirconia or yttria stabilized zirconia is treated with a treatment agent comprising titanium at 1100 degrees C for five minutes. The titanium is dispersed throughout the zirconia surface and the surface areas having titanium contact have lower concentration of oxygen species than the areas which are away from the titanium contact.    USE - The treated ceramic is used in e.g. implantable medical devices, gas separation membranes, oxygen sensors, fuel cells, electrical connectors and electronics packages, structural components such as water jet apertures, sand blasting nozzles, internal pump components, static dissipative components, guide bearings, bushings, spindles for textile manufacturing, mirrors for use with lasers, sporting goods, jewelry, blades, knives and scissors, and in electrostatic discharge applications, e.g. semiconductor manufacturing applications.    ADVANTAGE - Improved structural and physical properties are obtained. Reduces oxygen depletion in the localized areas of the ceramic materials. The ceramic material surface is darkened, thereby allowing ceramic materials to exhibit different coloration and different crystallization structures having high defect densities of both stacking and twining faults. Improved flexural strength and wear resistance are obtained. The micro-porosity and electrical resistance of zirconia are reduced.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) is contacted with the catalytic anode of an electrolytic cell, and reacts to form elemental sulfur, protons and electrons. Water or hydrogen is formed in the cathode chamber. The temperature of anode and cathode chambers is at least 120 degreesC and are maintained at an elevated pressure sufficient to keep the membrane moist.    USE - In a fuel cell for generating electrical energy with H2S as a feed.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen sulfide is converted to sulfur with the concurrent production of electrical energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolytic cell having an anode (15) and cathode (16) separated by a conductive membrane (17) is used. The H2S is contacted with the anode to form elemental sulfur, protons and electrons. The protons are passed through the membrane to the cathode chamber where they are either reacted with an oxygen-containing gas to form water or react to form hydrogen. The chambers are both maintained at a temperature of at least 120 degreesC and the pressure is maintained sufficiently high that the membrane is kept moist.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electrolytic cell.    Anode; (15)    Cathode; (16)    Conducting membrane (17)
NOVELTY - A carbon black-supported catalyst for use in gas diffusion electrodes has an atomic composition Ptx:Moy, where x is from 0.5 to 0.9 and y is from 0.5 to 0.1.    USE - As a selective oxidation catalyst for fuel cells or oxidation of hydrogen in the presence of CO.    ADVANTAGE - Activity is both high and controllable and hydrogen can be oxidized in the presence of CO without adversely affecting the platinum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (a) a gas diffusion electrode having a web and the catalyst layer above; (b) an ion exchange membrane coated on one side with the catalyst above; (c) a method of preparing the catalyst above comprising adding a reducing agent to a slurry of metal solution and carbon and alloying the elements at above 300degreesC; and (d) a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack comprising the catalyst above and being fed with hydrogen containing at least 10 ppm of CO.
NOVELTY - The silicon sample (1) is heated in hydrogen atmosphere at 1400 C so that phosphorus and boron contained in the sample are converted to their respective gaseous hydrides. Based on the obtained gas, quantitative analysis of phosphorus and boron is performed.    USE -   Used during manufacture of solar battery, semiconductor device, electronic component manufacture etc..    ADVANTAGE -   Quantitative analysis of phosphorus and boron is carried out quickly, hence enabling to produce product of high quality.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the side view of the quantitative analysis apparatus of phosphorus and boron in silicon sample. (1) Silicon sample.
NOVELTY - Multilayers consisting of alternately repeating palladium containing metal alloy layer and palladium metal layer is plated by non-electrolytic plating or ionic plating on the surface of the porous support body and heated to form hydrogen permeable film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of hydrogen permeable film which involves alternate layering of palladium containing metal alloy layer and palladium metal layer on the surface of porous support body and heating it.    USE -   For oxy-hydrogen burners and fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Hydrogen permeable film without a pinhole can be efficiently obtained. Hydrogen permeable film with sufficient reproducibility can be easily obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the apparatus used for ion plating method.
NOVELTY - The method requires one of the workpiece to be harder then the other whereby, an array of outwardly pointing integral burrs (2) are gouged out on harder metal (4). Applying pressure across surface to cause penetration to the softer metal (6), providing metal-to-metal contact within the bonding layer (10), which is in between both workpiece and setting the bonding material.    USE - This method can be used for bipolar separator plates in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Technically simple and provides a thermal and electrical conductive joint without distortion to the workpiece.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - This drawing shows two workpiece bonded with bonding layer in between.    Burrs (2)    Harder metal (4)    Softer metal (6)    Bonding layer (10)
NOVELTY - A first coating layer of first electroconductive material is formed on a base and on the face of the separator (30) that contacts another fuel cell component member when incorporated in the fuel cell. A second coating of second electroconductive material covers at least part of the first coating layer.    USE - A gas separator for a fuel cell used between adjacent cells.    ADVANTAGE - The separator has sufficiently high corrosion resistance, and can be fabricated from an inexpensive material such as stainless steel or aluminum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) the fuel cell itself, and    (b) a method of producing the separator by forming the base using a die followed by forming the coating layers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded view of the fuel cell unit.    separator (30a, 30b)
NOVELTY - The matrix (7) has passages (18) for passage of gas. A matrix seal provided at vicinity of gas supply-discharge units, has protrusions extending around openings of gas supply discharge units, separator plate or lips. The height of protrusion is 1 mm.    USE - In laboratory.    ADVANTAGE - The protrusions in matrix seal increase contact pressure of matrix plate thus increasing pressure applied to matrix plates of fuel cell and prevents crack formation in matrix material. Good gas seal is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell (13) includes anode (3), cathode (4) and a matrix (7) interposed between them. Both the anode and cathode have gas supply discharge units (8,9) having openings which extend perpendicular to the anode and cathode surface. The matrix extends in the area outside the anode and cathode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of fuel cell.    Anode (3)    Cathode (4)    Matrix (7)    Gas supply discharge units (8,9)    Fuel cell (13)    Passage (18)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen storage material comprises 75-95 atomic percent magnesium, 5-15 atomic% nickel, 0.5-6 atomic% molybdenum and at least one additional element chosen from aluminum, carbon, calcium, cerium, cobalt, chromium, copper, dysprosium, iron, lanthanum, manganese, neodymium, silicon, titanium, vanadium and zirconium.    USE - The mechanically alloyed hydrogen storage material is used in thermal, electrochemical hydrogen storage applications, in heat pumps or as fuel cell storage material.    ADVANTAGE - The mechanically alloyed hydrogen storage material does not need any crushing and has uniform particle size. The material has high hydrogen storage capacity and good hydriding and dehydriding ability during hydrogen storage. The material has a good pressure-composition isotherm indicative of pressure change versus time during hydriding and dehydriding processes.
10-((Optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl)-methyl)-phenazinone compounds are new. The new compounds have the formula (I). R = optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl.    INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photoelectric transducers containing (I).    USE -   The photoelectric transducers are light-emitters, and are useful in electronic and optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, rectifiers, transistors, photodiodes, light-emitting diodes and switches.    ADVANTAGE -   The new compounds absorb in the visible.
NOVELTY - A PN-junction, a surface electrode and a backside electrode are formed on a P-type silicon substrate. A boron electric field layer, a SiO2 protective film and a lattice shaped aluminum electric field layer are formed to the backside of the substrate. A lattice shaped electrode corresponding to the aluminum electric field layer is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   In thin solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Avoids curvature, crack or damage of the substrate by providing two electric field layers, at the backside of the substrate. Reduce reverse recombination velocity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows the series of manufacture process of a solar battery.
NOVELTY - A buffer layer (2) consisting of metal or insulating material and two p-type photoconductive layers (3) which constitute one electrode, are formed on a substrate (1). The substrate is composed of steel material containing 98% or more of Fe and stainless steel, and 95% or more of aluminum, titanium and copper.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: in-light sensor; thermoelectric power generating element    USE -   In motor vehicle, roofing tile, window frame, roof steel plate, bicycle, hull, building materials, architectural structure.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables simplification of structure and cost reduction by using metallic substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the basic principle of a solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2) Buffer layer; (3) P-type photoconductive layer.
NOVELTY - On glass substrate (10) an undercoating layer (1) is formed over which the multilayered electrode substrate (5) is formed. The multilayered substrate consists of thin silver film (3) between two amorphous oxide layers (2,4). Top oxide layer is 20 nm or less thick.    USE -   For liquid crystal display devices, solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Has good moisture resistance. Has low electrical resistance as the electrode board is of low resistance. By adjusting thickness of silver film the electrode substrate is made into reflecting type or transparent type as required. Minimizes variation or change in optical properties. Pattern formation is easy. At junction of silver film and oxide film by suppressing silver movement, thin boards with high heat resistance can be formed. Obviates need for insulating layer as top oxide layer serves as protective layer during etching. Simplifies the manufacturing process and thereby prevents stain by aging of silver.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a cross sectional diagram of the electrode substrate. (1) Undercoating layer(2,4) Amorphous oxide layers; (3) Silver film; (5) Multilayered electrode substrate; (10) Glass substrate.
NOVELTY - Foaming agent is added to the slurry and stirred. Small amount of metallic oxide is added to the slurry. The air bubbles are mixed into the slurry and the slurry is molded in the shape of the tape. The molded tape is baked at high temperature by performing high temperature baking process.    USE -   For molten carbonate type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Addition of air bubbles, enlarges diameter of mean porosity and increases creep strength. Improves battery property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram explaining electrode manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - Sintered complex oxide ceramic body having a perovskite crystal structure consists of a specified composition.    USE - Used as a separating element in solid electrolyte fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The ceramic body has high sinter density, high stability in an atmosphere having a low oxygen partial pressure at high temperatures, low phase transition temperature and a heat expansion coefficient which is the same as that of the yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconium dioxide solid electrolyte.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sintered ceramic body consists of a composition of formula: (La1-xSrx)a(Cr1-y-zAlycoz)bO3 (where, x +z is not less than 0.06; z is not less than 0.02; x + y + 3z is not more than 0.25; 2x + 3y + 5z is not less than 0.40; x + y is not less than 0.12; and b/a = 1.00-1.04). The sintered body has a relative density of 94% or more, a bending strength of 15 kg/mm2 or more at room temperature and also after exposure for 24 hours to an atmosphere of moist hydrogen with an oxygen partial pressure of 10 Power (-18), a coefficient of expansion of 0.3% or less at room temperature and also after exposure for 24 hours to an atmosphere of moist hydrogen with an oxygen partial pressure of 10 Power (-18), an average heat expansion coefficient at 30-1000 degrees C in the region of 9.8-11.0 x 10 Power (-6) K(-1); and a phase transition temperature from a rhombic system to a rhombohedric system of -20 degrees C or less.
NOVELTY - A perforated workpiece, comprising a silicon substrate (1) having a first region (6) with through-pores (4) and a second region (7) with blind pores, is new.    USE - E.g. as an isoporous membrane, a back-flushing filter, catalyst support, reagent support, battery or fuel cell electrode, nozzle plate, tubular grating or filter for electromagnetic waves such as light or microwaves, especially as an optical or mechanical filter with micron or sub-micron size pores.    ADVANTAGE - The incompletely perforated second regions provide the perforated workpiece with increased strength and stability in an inexpensive manner, so that the risk of breakage during mounting is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a perforated workpiece by electrochemically etching one face (2) of a silicon substrate (1) to form pores (4) of depth less than the substrate thickness, providing the opposite substrate face (3) with a mask layer which exposes first regions (6) of this opposite substrate face, etching the exposed face regions (6) to the bottoms of the pores (4) and then removing the mask layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a perforated workpiece according to the invention.    Silicon substrate (1)    Substrate front face (2)    Substrate back face (3)    Pores (4)    First region (6)    Second region (7)
NOVELTY - A solar cell (52) converts the solar light received via a condenser lens (20) into electrical signal. A side plate is arranged, such that the light received at the outer circumferential surface of solar cell is cut off from an external field. An irregular reflection material (26) provided at the surface of side plates, performs scattering of light within all parts of the cell assembly.    USE - For tracking sunlight for conversion of solar light energy into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - Even when there is a large deviation in the focal position of the lens, damage of the support holding the lens and solar cell is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of base panel of condensing tracking type electrical power generator.    Condenser lens (20)    Reflection material (26)    Solar cell (52)
NOVELTY - A modular fitting for heat exchanger panels, solar panels etc. has a support strap (1) with shaped ends to clip onto a sloping roof or to fit in other configurations. Onto the strap are threaded spacers (2) and mounting blocks (3). The blocks support the panel while the spacers are selected for length to match the size of the panel. The mounting blocks have shaped bases to thread onto the strap and with shaped tops to grip the panels/    USE - Fitting of heat exchanger panels, solar panels    ADVANTAGE - A universal fitting system, which is easily adapted to the size of the panels
NOVELTY - An electric field generator with conductor wire (102) is immersed inside water stored in open vessel tank (100). Generator is spaced away from inner wall of vessel. Power less than 8 volts AC or 12 volts DC is supplied to the wire, so that potential repels fish and directs movement of fish parallel to wire along lines of equal potential. The potential also limits minimum approach distance towards wire.    USE - For use in hydroelectric plant.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents injury to fish by applying potential that does not stun fish. Enables to guide fish away from danger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of tank.    Open vessel tank (100)    Conductor wire (102)
NOVELTY - The invention relates to a silicon crystal solar cell module that comprises: (1) a bottom layer substrate; (2) an upper layer substrate; (3) a silicon crystal solar cell array that is made by connecting multiple solar cells from the use of conductive path and is located between the upper layer substrate and the bottom layer substrate; and (4) thermal glue that is used to cover the connection points between the silicon crystal solar cell and the conductive path so as to reduce the thermal stress and the mechanical stress of the connection points.
NOVELTY - Running track has horizontal belt made in the form of wedge-shaped straps and flat straps and is positioned on antifriction members. Electric engine is fixed with its shaft on base. Electric engine casing is provided with grooves and rings. Wedge-shaped and flat straps run around engine grooves and rings. Grooves of first and second driven shafts are connected by wedge-shaped straps. Flat straps run about wedge-shaped straps on second driven shaft. Tightening device is positioned at sides between first and second driven shafts and is retained in contact with wedge-shaped straps. Pulleys are positioned on ends of base sides and flat straps run about them.    USE - Sportive equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified construction and increased efficiency. 2 dwg
NOVELTY - The solar power generator includes a photoelectrochemical cell which has at least two kinds of different visible light absorption properties.    USE - For home use or for industrial electric power supply usage.    ADVANTAGE - Enables raising the conversion efficient of the solar power generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the photoelectrochemical cell.
NOVELTY - A by-pass diode respectively joined a lead terminal (231,232) which becomes the upper and lower surface of a diode chip (210) from a metallic foil through a joining material (220). A copper board (240) is joined to the area of the lead terminal except a diode chip junction portion, so that the upper and lower surface of the by-pass diode form a nearly identical planar surface.    USE - For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents damage to chip and chip debonding since pressure exerted on diode chip is reduced. Offers small resistance loss. Prevents reduction of electric generation characteristic of solar battery module since bypass diode is protected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation view of a bypass diode.    Diode chip (210)    Joining material (220)    Lead terminal (231,232)    Copper board (240)
NOVELTY - The storage battery is connected to a flexible photoelectric conversion sheet during charging. Several solar batteries (11) are arranged in parallel over the photoelectric conversion sheet along longitudinal direction.    USE - For use in electrical equipment, utilizing such as solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion sheet can maintain sufficient charging property for storage battery without being influenced by any environmental pollution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the photoelectric conversion sheet.    Solar batteries (11)
NOVELTY - The converter includes stepping motor, main pressure distribution valve and feedback mechanism. When the pulse signal is input, the stepping motor utilizes gear to drive screw arbor to make piston of main pressure distribution valve move to control pressure oil trend of main pressure distribution valve, its feedback mechanism can automatically implement feedback to control water-turbine unit.    USE - For water-turbine regulation.    ADVANTAGE - The converter not only possesses the midpoint-restoring property and can form one-to-one correspondent relationship of input signal and servomotor displacement, but also features strong reliability, high sensitivity, quick response speed, good regulating quality and extensive application range.
NOVELTY - Accelerometers and magnetometers are attached to subject and outputs acceleration of subjects movement and magnetic field value in which subject is present. A microprocessor processes output of the accelerometer and magnetometer along with gravity field value for every change in subject's rotation to compute incremental rotation angles (ddelta) about an axis in reference plane coordinate system.    USE - For measuring speed, distance and height traversed by joggers, athletes, swimmer. For measuring durability of orthopedic or prosthetic device such as artificial hips to assist physician and engineer in matter of materials used, hip design and surgical techniques employed. To detect and diagnose range of movements of patient. To track movement of golf ball, baseball and other recreation devices. For tracking movement of animals during cattle grazing and wild life preservation. For tracking virtual movements for graphic positioning, animation and display.    ADVANTAGE - By resetting the accelerometer, gravity value can be directly read to eliminate error caused in calculation by the effect of gravity on the tracking system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The rotation sensors output signal corresponding to the axis of rotation of the subject. The acceleration value obtained during initiation of each cycle is subtracted to eliminate error caused by influence of gravity on tracking system. From the acceleration values and incremental angle (ddelta), distance traversed and speed of subject are computed for every measurement cycle which is the period when subject moves with constant velocity. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for movement tracking method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the user wearing the tracking system.
NOVELTY - Solar reflector comprises a flexible, reflective sheet(s) having inner and outer parts. Inner spring(s) couples the inner part to the panel and is arranged to urge the inner part towards the panel. Outer spring(s) couples the outer part to the panel and is arranged to urge the outer part away from the panel. Electrically conductive tether(s) is arranged to limit the rotation.    USE - Used in spacecraft solar arrays.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive solar reflector is simple, lightweight, and inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar reflector (60) comprises a flexible, reflective sheet(s) (62) having inner and outer parts. An inner spring(s) (68) couples the inner part to a solar panel (46), and is arranged to urge the inner part towards the panel. An outer spring(s) (70) couples the outer part to the panel and is arranged to urge the outer part away from the panel so that the inner and outer springs urge the reflective sheet towards a planar configuration. The outer spring is further arranged to urge the reflective sheet along a rotation away from the panel face.    An electrically conductive tether(s) (90) is arranged to limit the rotation so that the reflective sheet is restrained in a deployed position in which it defines an angle with the panel to reflect solar radiation onto the panel face.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method of concentrating solar radiation upon a panel face of a solar panel, comprising    (i) urging a reflective sheet towards a planar configuration,    (ii) urging the reflective sheet along a rotation away from the panel face, and    (iii) limiting the rotation; and    (b) a spacecraft system comprising a spacecraft, a solar panel, and a reflector(s).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged view of a solar panel in a solar wing.    Solar panel (46)    Solar reflector (60)    Reflective sheet (62)    Inner spring (68)    Outer spring (70)    Tether (90)
NOVELTY - A base (14) supports a platform (12) which has plates (38,40) with pneumatic tubes (48) inbetween and side rails (16). The compression caused by plates and side rails on pneumatic tubes is measured by a pair of pressure sensors and converted into force measurements to analyze the movements. The sensors measure parallel and perpendicular forces applied to platform.    USE - For exercise tool to measure forces created by person or animal during walking, running or other movement.    ADVANTAGE - By using pressure sensors, the perpendicular and parallel forces are measured and the compression of tubings are also measured, hence motion is analyzed properly. As both perpendicular and parallel forces are measured, the forces in vertical direction are calculated easily and are used in movement analysis.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of force sensing device.    Platform (12)    Base (14)    Side rails (16)    Plates (38,40)    Pneumatic tubes (48)
NOVELTY - Forced cooling of water flow is effected to state of water - ice. Then compressed atmospheric air cooled to water temperature is fed and is mixed with flow of cooled water, thus forming air-water-ice mixture which is frozen in cold air. Spraying is effected in layer of water.    USE - Hydraulic engineering; hydroelectric stations with deep water intake operated in northern regions.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction of harmful ecological effects on environment. 3 dwg
NOVELTY - A plated layer (5) which functions as a photovoltaic cell contacts a transparent substrate (4). An insulated protective layer (7) with a back covering material (8) is formed at the back of a solar battery module (1). A colored ceramic ink is used for a surface coloring layer (10) which is applied to the whole peripheral surface of a swelling portion (3) provided on the transparent substrate.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses direct reflected light. Ensures easy removal of e.g. rain water, dust due to formation of swelling portion. Prevents reduction of electricity generation efficiency even in prolonged outdoor exposure. Ensures stable manufacture and low maintenance cost due to low cost module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of a solar battery module.    Solar battery module (1)    Swelling portion (3)    Transparent substrate (4)    Plated layer (5)    Insulated protective layer (7)    Back covering material (8)    Surface coloring layer (10)
NOVELTY - The solar battery element (1) is supported on glass pane (3) through weather resistance resin film (4). Sealing resin (6) is provided on both sides of battery elements. Rough projections (9) are provided on resin film (4).    USE - Solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - The positional gap between battery element is prevented by providing the resin film suitably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of solar battery module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery module.    Solar battery element (1)    Glass pane (3)    Weather resistance resin film (4)    Sealing resin (6)    Rough projection (9)
NOVELTY - The module has bypass diode whose cathode and anode terminals (11,12) are connected to the positive and negative electrode of solar battery cell (3) respectively. The terminal for output connection (10) of the module is connected to the bypass diode.    USE - For solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a simple assembly of solar battery module with reduced cost. Provides improved insulated protection of the fitting structure for output connection with components firmly mounted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially enlarged perspective diagram showing the wiring form before sealing of the solar battery module.    Solar battery cell (3)    Output connection (10)    Terminals (11,12)
NOVELTY - Solar battery cells are arranged in the shape of wave and are serially connected. Solar light irradiated on the surface of specific cells is cut off by a shutter. AC is generated without synchronizing with commercial frequency by turning ON-OFF the LC panel by microcomputer control.    USE - For electricity generation for domestic electrical appliances.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces generation of heat and noise by eliminating need for converter, thereby manufacturing cost is also reduced.
NOVELTY - Two opposing glass substrates (1) are coated with transparent electron conductor (TEC) (2). Silver pattern (12) is formed on the TEC layer through an indium-tin oxide layer (13) and it is sealed with sealant layer (14). Holes (10) are provided in the glass substrate for connecting silver patterns to external connectors. The gap between the opposing substrates is filled with an electrolyte (20).    USE - For sealing electrical connections and electrical networks.    ADVANTAGE - Holes are provides for connecting electrical connection to conductive patterns, thus eliminates need for electrically conductive coating. Electrons are distributed in RPEC cells, efficiently. Provides wide range of flexibility in pattern design.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the enlarged partial transverse section of regenerative photo-electrochemical device.    Glass substrate (1)    Transparent electron conductor (2)    Holes (10)    Silver pattern (12)    Indium-tin oxide layer (13)    Sealant layer (14)    Electrolyte (20)
NOVELTY - The exercise machine has a digital counter which counts the number of times the exercise is completed. For each revolution of the pulley the contact plate briefly establishes electrical communication between the two terminals which then transmits a signal to the display. This information is then displayed to the user.    USE - The exercise assembly is used for body conditioning.    ADVANTAGE - The counter indicates to the user the number of times the exercise is completed    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the exercise machine in use.
NOVELTY - Complex has generator whose rotor is made in the form of bell accommodating power unit placed between shells and incorporating ball-, disk-, or drum-shaped rotor-turbine blocks joined together and with rotor through planet gear; generator field winding is installed outside the rotor; stator has hollow central shaft to supply water to rotor-turbine blocks.    USE - Power engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Improved efficiency and power capacity at small size of complex.
NOVELTY - The power generator has an impeller (4) rotated by fluid flow. A converter (13) transforms the rotation energy of the impeller into electrical energy. A charger (15) conserves the electrical energy from the converter. When fluid begins to flow, a current supply unit (17) passes current to the converter from the charger in predetermined time.    USE - For generating electricity using fluid flow.    ADVANTAGE - Has improved operation efficiency during small flow, in which electricity generation can be performed at the start of impeller rotation. Practical and very effective in energy conservation since excessive energy is not needed in operating power generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the power generator.    Impeller (4)    Converter (13)    Charger (15)    Current supply unit (17)
NOVELTY - A support (15) is provided at the one end undersurface portion of a solar panel (11). An insertion portion (23), formed on the support, holds the edge portion of the solar panel.    USE - For roof.    ADVANTAGE - Offers solar battery module with fluid tight structure. Ensures easy removal of solar panel by removing connection unit. Ensures easy construction since solar battery module is covered from ridge side towards eaves side.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar battery module installation structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional side view of a solar battery module.    Solar panel (11)    Support (15)    Insertion portion (23)
NOVELTY - An inlet slot (25) crosses with the width direction of a solar panel (11) and is formed at the one end portion of the solar panel. A protrusion (26), inserted into the inlet slot, is formed at the other end portion of the solar panel.    USE - For roof.    ADVANTAGE - Offers solar battery module with fluid tight structure by mutually adjoining inlet slot and protrusion. Improves operation by covering solar battery module from ridge side towards eaves side.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar battery module installation structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded sectional view of a solar battery module.    Solar panel (11)    Inlet slot (25)    Protrusion (26)
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic module (11) is formed of cells (4) encapsulated with a resin on a back substrate (1) with an anode (6a) and a cathode (6b) busbar. A roof panel (12) is formed of a module, a metallic mounting member (13), a foamable polystyrene back bearing member (22) and a support fitting (15) mounted on a flange section (14). The panel is mounted so that the cathode busbar is on the higher, ridge side and the anode busbar is on the lower, eaves side of a building.    USE - The photovoltaic module installation structure is used for exposing a module to solar energy on a roof of a building.    ADVANTAGE - The system ensures that even if rainwater seeps into the module, the more susceptible cathode is less likely to be corroded earlier than the anode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of installing a photovoltaic module placing the cathode at a higher position than an anode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded perspective view of a roof panel installation structure.    Back substrate (1)    Cell (4)    Anode busbar (6a)    Cathode busbar (6b)    Photovoltaic module (11)    Roof panel (12)    Mounting member (13)    Flange section (14)    Support fitting (15)    Back bearing member (22)
NOVELTY - Device comprises a trailing arm (3) fixed to axle (1) or braking disk (4) with a follower (5) fixed to wheel (4) or axle (5) so that relative movement of axle and disk causes the trailing arm (3) to press down on the follower (5) in proportion to the torque applied to the disk (4). A pressure measurement sensor (6) measures the drag force at the follower (5).    USE - Determination of the torque or braking moment applied to the bottom bracket axle of a training bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - Torque measurement is more accurate and cheaper than existing methods for measuring the torque.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a section through a bottom bracket axle and a braking disk.    axle (1)    bearing (2)    trailing arm (3)    follower (5)    pressure sensor (6)    braking disk (4)    electromagnet (8)
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (105) includes several solar batteries (101), and an electric parameter detector (102) for the solar batteries. A communication unit (103) is operated based on the output of the electric parameter detector.    USE - For middle-scale electric power system used outdoors or in individual residence.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures exact evaluation of failure in which operator does not have to come near solar battery module to confirm failure. Cost-effective due to reduced work load, simple construction and maintenance, and reduced wiring cost. Ensures precise failure detection even at night. Ensures easy signal transmission. Ensures easy specification of broke-down solar battery module.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) the building with solar battery module;    (b) the enclosure for the solar battery module;    (c) and the solar power generator using the solar battery module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the solar battery module.    Solar batteries (101)    Electric parameter detector (102)    Communication unit (103)    Solar battery module (105)
NOVELTY - A light scattering layer (2), a transparent oxide electrode (3), an electricity generation layer (4) and a metal electrode (7), with roughness surface on the upper part are piled sequentially on a transparent insulated substrate (1).    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces optical reflection loss in the boundary surface to increase incident light to intrinsic semiconductor layer and improve electricity generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar battery manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery.    Transparent insulated substrate (1)    Light scattering layer (2)    Transparent oxide electrode (3)    Electricity generation layer (4)    Metal electrode (7)
NOVELTY - The system has a generator (6) mechanically coupled to a foot pedal (5), an electrical transmission (4) from the generator to an electrical load (10) and/or to a drive motor (11) and an electrical controller (20). The controller has a generator control program (21) with which a counter torque can be generated at the generator w.r.t the forward pedal direction. A high starting counter torque is produced from rest to a minimal drive speed.    USE - For a vehicle and/or for a training system.    ADVANTAGE - Provides an ergonomically favorable start-up characteristic corresponding to conventional experience and habit and enables different, universally applicable operating modes when used in training equipment and therapeutic equipment..    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for a vehicle and for a training system with a drive system that can be operated by muscle power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a drive system for a vehicle or static training equipment.    Generator (6)    Foot pedal (5)    Electrical transmission (4)    Electrical load (10)    Drive motor (11)    Electrical controller (20)    Generator control program (21)
NOVELTY - Power plant is modular structure. Bank supports are embedded in ground (in canyons and to walls) and have guides receiving supporting parts of frames loosely mounted therein. These parts of frames are placed above water stream with power units rigidly fixed underneath through pins for their vertical displacement together with frames in guides and for holding them motionless when their blades are adequately immersed in water stream. Horizontal links are provided between frames to take horizontal thrusts. In case of very wide water stream frames have spatial structure on top in the form of truss that functions to ensure desired stiffness in vertical direction.    USE - Water-stream-kinetic-energy-to-electrical-energy conversion.    ADVANTAGE - Provision for optimal immersion of power units.
NOVELTY - Wheel has hub and folding blades with spaces secured on hub. Blades are made of elastic material in form of cup- shaped lobes in section. External part of blade is thickened, and internal part is made in form of diaphragm. Spaces in blades are formed by channels connected by flexible collector. Collector of one blade is connected with collector of blade occupying diametrically opposite position by means of channels in hub. Channels are filled with liquid. Summary volume of channel spaces correspond to volume of two blades one of which is in folded-down position.    USE - Power engineering; conversion of energy of hydraulic flow and with into electric energy.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency, reliability and longevity.
NOVELTY - A fish swarming pool (11) and a conduit type fish way (12) are provided in downstream of the dam (13). The highest water head (h1) is made higher than the top (15) of the pool wall and the dam of upper stage reservoir (4b). The minimum water head (h2) is maintained enabling fish inhabitation even in low water level of lower stage reservoir (4c).    USE - Dam for hydro-electricity generation, also utilized for flood adjustment, running down of water of multi-rain zone, pumping water to drying zone.    ADVANTAGE - Fertile farm land, forest, dwelling places etc, are not made to sink by providing cascade system dam. The electricity generation increased as the water head becomes large which decreases the power cost. The dam does not dries up even in summer season as it serves as underground storage reservoir. The water flows in stages to the storage reservoirs and water flowing downstream is minimized which prevents flood of plain land. The running down of water of multi-rain zone is diverted to drying zone cheaply. Water supplied does not include saline matter and the productivity of the farmland and forest are higher. The profitability of hydro-electric generation is enhanced. The life of the storage reservoir is extended as the earth and sand flowing down are absorbed by channel tube and prevented from depositing in reservoir. The organic substances formed by fish breeding are absorbed by the channel tube and the destruction of the eco-system is averted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Storage reservoirs (4a-4c) are built in steps and are connected by steps fish way (10) sequentially along the downstream side of the dam.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially enlarged top view of the dam for hydro-electric generation.    Reservoirs (4a-4c)    Fish way (10,12)    Fish swarming pool (11)    Dam (13)    Top of pool (15)    Heads (h1,h2)
NOVELTY - An impeller (3) rotated by fluid flow, is mounted adjacent to transduction device (12). The transduction device converts rotational energy of impeller to electrical energy. The fluid is directed towards impeller through auxiliary flow path (14) so that revolution per minute of impeller is increased.    USE - For generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - As transduction device is provided in the electrical power generating device even during low speed rotation of impeller, electricity is generated uniformly without fluctuation in voltage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of power generator.    Impeller (3)    Transduction device (12)    Auxiliary flow path (14)
NOVELTY - The ball at the tip of each runner (3) provided in the radiation direction, centers around the intersection of the axis of rotation of a main shaft (5) of the runner and the axis of a vane shaft. The maximum radius of the tip when projecting on a plane which intersects perpendicularly with the main shaft during operation reduces.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Eases disassembly of runner and runner boss for checking. Reduces leakage of water from tip side of each runner, thus enabling control of efficiency reduction of machine and occurrence of cavitation due to leakage of water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the diagram showing the form of implementation of the movable vane hydraulic power machine.    Runner (3)    Main shaft (5)
NOVELTY - A roof structure (A) with solar hybrid module (2) at upper surface of roof (1) on building (5), is retreated from connection edge of roof (3). A roof structure (B) has solar battery module (4) temporarily fixed on upper surface of roof (3). The structures (A,B) are attached and water-proof connection of roofs (1,3) is done. The module (4) is removed from the roof (3) and fixed to module (2).    USE - For attaching solar modules on roof of buildings such as residence.    ADVANTAGE - Performs water-proof connection of the roof simply and attaches the roof without gaps, providing a beautiful external appearance. Eliminates need for hauling solar modules separately, thereby reducing transportation cost. Decreases number of processes involved in a construction site.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for building with solar module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic drawing of the condition in which the roofs in the building structure are attached together.    Roofs (1,3)    Solar battery module (2,4)    Building (5)    Roof structures (A,B)
NOVELTY - A switch which can be operated from external is provided at output side of an electric power converter. The solar battery module (3) is included in panel body (2).    USE - The solar battery built-in panel is used in electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents electric shock during construction even when operator touches the output terminal since switch is opened in usual condition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of electricity generation system.    Panel body (2)    Solar battery module (3)
NOVELTY - The array (3) has 2 support members (4,6) one co-extensive in area with the other and overlying the other. The second is flexible while the first possesses a stiffness characteristic greater than the corresponding stiffness characteristic of the second. A bias unit, carried by the first, pushes opposite ends of the second towards one another to outwardly bow the second.    USE - As a D-wing deployable solar array with an increased power to weight ratio.    ADVANTAGE - Increases the power to weight ratio of the solar array and enhances the electrical power generation on board a spacecraft with minimal or no requirement for increasing launch weight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Independent claims describe a solar array, a deployable solar panel and a solar panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric view of the solar array containing multiple solar panels as deployed in a dual wing solar array assembly.    Solar array (3)    Support members (4 and 6)
NOVELTY - A solar cell module includes a substrate (15) and several solar cells (13) arranged in a plane on the substrate. Connector (16) electrically connects the solar cells to each other to form a power generating circuit. Single transparent cover sheet (11) made of a cerium-containing glass, covers the solar cells and the connector. The solar cells are bonded to the cover sheet via an adhesive layer (12). The sheet has projections for positioning the cells.    USE - In solar cell panels for electric power generation    ADVANTAGE - Improved ease of handling and installation    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the invention.    Cover sheet (11)    Adhesive layer (12)    Solar cells (13)    Substrate (15)    Connector (16)
NOVELTY - The weight (5) moves inside a large pit to generate electricity. Rack (3) and trolley wire conductor (4) are installed to the side walls of pit at certain intervals. Rotating pinion gear (6) engaging with rack and coupled to electrical generator in weight (5) is fixed to the side of weight. Damping during elevation of weight and brake gear during weight descent are provided.    USE - For e.g. pumped storage power station system, air compression type electrical power storage system, super conductor electrical power storage system.    ADVANTAGE - Potential energy of weight is converted to electrical energy by rack and pinion system and hence energy conversion is efficient. By using brake gear, speed of descent of weight is controlled to control electrical generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of underground type large electrical power storage facility.    Rack (3)    Trolley wire conductor (4)    Weight (5)    Rotating pinion gear (6)
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (20) includes solar battery cell (21) which is supported on the backface of a board (22). The solar battery cell is distributed such that it is inclined to the surface of the solar battery module.    USE - In roof panel.    ADVANTAGE - Enables improving operativity and reducing cost, even when the irradiation angle of solar light ray is large, thus improving conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for roof panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional chart of solar battery module.    Solar battery module (20)    Solar battery cell (21)    Board (22)
NOVELTY - The module includes a heat sink (2) consisting of several protrusions. On the surface of the heat sink, an insulator (3) is installed over which several solar battery cells (4) are provided.    USE - In solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The capability of solar battery is exhibited sufficiently without polluting natural environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows expanded view of solar battery module.    Heat sink (2)    Insulator (3)    Battery cell (4)
NOVELTY - A groove is formed on the center of double sided rip (11a), and guides (11b) are formed on bottom of the rips. Edges of the hollow frames (3) adjoin each other mutually on the rips. A fitting (13) fixes the adjoining frames. A clamping bolt (14) inserted in the fitting, is configured in the groove. A fastener (22) screwed by the lower end of the clamping bolt, is fixed between the guides (11b).    USE - For fixing mutually adjoining solar battery modules.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains fixing device with improved operability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - End plates (11c) are formed on the edges of the rip, facing the groove.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the fixing device of solar battery module.    Hollow frame (3)    Double sided rip (11a)    Guide (11b)    End plate (11c)    Fitting (13)    Clamping bolt (14)    Fastener (22)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric conversion active material layer (3) is formed on surface conductive substrate (7). Collector electrodes (4) are provided on one inner side of the photoelectric conversion active material layers.    USE - For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Collector resistance can be reduced without reducing effective area of photochemical reaction, hence output current density per electrode unit area is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic perspective diagram of photo electrode of solar battery.    Active material layer (3)    Collector electrodes (4)    Conductive substrates (7)
NOVELTY - A light source (16) radiates light onto solar battery cell (6) through concave lens and glass fibers. The light source is supplied with power from storage battery (12) which stores power generated by the cell. The leaves branching from glass fibers are coated with translucent material and are irradiated with light from light source through a light transmitter.    USE - Solar powered decorative foliage plant type illumination device. Also used as guidance lamp.    ADVANTAGE - Since the light source emits light using power stored in the battery, power cost is reduced and the light source reliability is improved. The solar light ray is condensed efficiently, hence electricity generation efficiency is improved, thereby decorative effect is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar battery cell (6), storage battery (12) and light source (16) are accommodated in single case (22) as pot for foliage plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows foliage plant type illumination device.    solar battery cell (6)    storage battery (12)    light source (16)    case (22)
NOVELTY - Multiple by-pass diodes (102) are attached to a photovoltaic cell (101) and sealed with a sealing material (105). The sealing material contains at most 20% of resin. The resin contains copolymer of ethylene and unsaturated fatty acid ester such as ethyl acrylate or methyl acrylate. The sealing material produces acid on heat decomposition or hydrolysis.    USE - For power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Photovoltaic cell is sealed with sealing material containing resin copolymer and unsaturated fatty acid ester. Therefore, corrosion resistance becomes excellent. Thus, large temperature difference in humid area, data and night is obtained, reliability and durability are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of photovoltaic cell module.    Photovoltaic cell (101)    By-pass diodes (102)    Sealing material (105)
NOVELTY - A sealing film is formed of a sheet prepared by applying a film deposition to a silane coupling agent-containing clear flexible resin composition. The silane coupling agent contains a polysiloxane compound.    USE - The sealing film is used in the solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The use of the polysiloxane compound prevents a decrease in adhesion caused by the deposited silane coupling agent. The adhesion is retained for a long period of time. The solar battery has superior weather resistance, durability. The performance afforded by the solar battery is retained for a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The polysiloxane compound consists of a compound of formula (I).    Me = methyl;    X = alkoxy;    Y = epoxy, carboxyl, carbinol, hydroxyl;    Z = polyether, alkyl, aralkyl.
NOVELTY - The photoelectric conversion layer converts incident light into an electric signal. The diffraction layer, present on the opposite side of the conversion layer to the incident light, reflects the light passing through the conversion layer.    USE - Thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Improved optical absorption efficiency and photoelectric conversion efficiency. The devices can be manufactured inexpensively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of the thin film device by pressing a master of the diffraction layer on to a transparent thermoplastic or thermosetting resin layer, then filling a light reflecting material into a transfer surface of the resin layer to form a diffraction layer, then bonding the diffraction layer to the photoelectric conversion layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of a solar battery.    Solar cell (10)    Plastic film substarte (12,14)    Diffraction grating (15)    Intermediate layer (16)    Adhesive (17)
NOVELTY - A cover system (1) comprises a first side (4) as an inner wall or ceiling surface of the building. A second side (6), opposite the first side, has a form for supporting the solar panels, solar thermal collectors, and/or roofing tiles. The system(s) is directly attachable to a building in order to form the roof.    USE - The cover system is used for arranging solar panels and/or solar thermal collectors on a surface, e.g. building. It serves as a roof of a building (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides a system, which is prefabricated and after transportation to a building site can be very easily and efficiently arranged as a roof on a building. The solar panels can be mounted on the system in the last phase of the building process which reduces the solar panels' susceptibility to theft and diminishing the insurance costs. This enables separate liability, for the building plus roof system and the solar panels/solar thermal collectors, which is economically attractive to all parties concerned, since the roof system already mounted provides a water-proof building.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (a) an assembly comprising the cover system, solar panel(s), and/or solar thermal collector(s); (b) a building comprising the system; (c) a method for providing a roof on a building; (d) the use of the system as a roof of a building; and (e) a support profile set.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of a part of the system.    Cover system (1)    First side (4)    Second side (6)    Water resistant layer (17)    Lath (L)
NOVELTY - Training arm in the form of a combination arm (4) that serves both for transfer of the force applied by the person using the training machine and as a measurement device that can be connected to a computer.    USE - Training apparatus for use in muscle rehabilitation by injured persons or in fitness and strength training.    ADVANTAGE - The force applied is optimized over the whole movement range, and the possibility of the muscles being over extended is avoided by measuring the applied force and linking it to a computer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a perspective view of the training device    training apparatus (1)    training arm (4)    axle (3)
NOVELTY - A Darrieus blade (3) is provided in the symmetry of revolution to a shaft (2). The Darrieus blade is formed in a spiral shape along a cylinder surface that makes the radius distance of the shaft and the Darrieus blade.    USE - For current power generation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Does not make rotation torque small when blade is positioned in water, thus making starting torque of water turbine large. Improves electricity generation efficiency and reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a current power generation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of a Darrieus type water turbine.    Shaft (2)    Darrieus blade (3)
NOVELTY - The current index which expresses the number of time sequential data of each teaching point, is updated based on distance between present and following teaching points. Based on the updated data, impedance control of drive unit and servo control of support mechanism (1), are done.    USE - For controlling drive unit used during kinesitherapy for patients suffering from cerebral apoplexy, back bone damage, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Offers automatic and uniform movement training to patients to achieve desired muscle strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The support mechanism supports human body when it is held and moved by holder (6). A load sensor detects the load to human body, based on which the track for moving the holder is set.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of human body drive unit.    Support mechanism (1)    Holder (6)
NOVELTY - Photoresist (4) and electrode (2) used as foundation are alternately formed on the surface of a solar battery wafer (1). Excessive electrode material (21) on the surface of photoresist and electrode is removed using an adhesive tape (3). The plating is performed on the electrode for forming electrode of required thickness.    USE - For forming electrode on solar battery cell mounted in satellite.    ADVANTAGE - As the electrode of required thickness is obtained, the electrical resistance is decreased. Hence the conversion efficiency is improved without reducing light receiving area of solar battery cell. As the light receiving area is reduced, manufacturing cost is reduced. The electrode pattern is formed simply, as the excessive electrode material is removed using adhesive tape.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the state removal of excessive electrode material on electrode using adhesive tape.    Wafer (1)    Electrode (2)    Adhesive tape (3)    Photoresist (4)    Excessive electrode material (21)
NOVELTY - Heart rate monitor has two electrodes and a signal processor. The two electrodes sense signals of heart rate from different points on the body and send it to the processor. The processor determines a heart rate based on a signal generated from the difference between the two signals. A processed heart rate signal as a function of the measured power spectrum is produced.    USE - The invention is used to monitor the heart rate of a person.    ADVANTAGE - This is a low cost, accurate monitor which digitally processes signals on a power spectrum basis rather than a peak to peak basis, which employs two electrodes and includes an isolation barrier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: a) an exercise apparatus with heart rate monitor, b) a method of monitoring the heart rate of a person.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an illustration of the process employed by the digital signal processor to generate a heart rate calculation from the adaptive heart beat peaks.
NOVELTY - A mechanical elevator (2) provided in a building (1) is lifted to certain height, utilizing the dump power at night for storing the electrical energy as potential energy. The stored energy is once again converted to electrical energy for utilization, during day time, by a lifting and electricity generation device (3), based on the gravity of mechanical elevator.    USE - For pumped hydro power generation plant.    ADVANTAGE - Since lifting and electricity generation device reconverts potential energy stored by converting the cheaply available electric energy at night, into electric energy for utilization during day time, a standardization in the day-and-night power consumption is obtained, thereby total cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of potential energy stockpile unit.    Building (1)    Mechanical elevator (2)    Lifting and electricity generation device (3)
NOVELTY - Stay vanes (3) are distributed on same periphery of whirl line casing (1). Movable guide vanes (4) are distributed on same periphery inside stay vane. The turbine has runner to rotate with water passing sequentially via casing, stay vane and guide vane. A controller controls by applying to end position of winding from water cut off position of casing, so that most guide vane openings enlarge gradually.    USE - For water turbine and pump turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Non uniformity of peripheral direction of water course flowing into the runner is improved. Sufficiently, high efficiency is materialized by large operating range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of water turbine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the guide vane distribution of water turbine.    Casing (1)    Stay vanes (3)    Guide vanes (4)
NOVELTY - A temperature adjusting unit varies the training person's temperature based on the temperature obtained by a temperature sensor (82).    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains temperature suitable for lipolysis. Obtains high dietary effect. Reduces burden to training person due to heat.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a bicycle ergometer.    Temperature sensor (82)
NOVELTY - The solar panels (5) are supported on elevation support units (4). The support units are arranged along the wall surface of a building (2). The solar panels are elevatably supported by respective elevation arms of the elevation support unit.    USE - For installation of solar panels in buildings.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids direct seepage of high intensity sun light and a comfortable environment is secured. Labor of maintenance and cost of entire system are reduced in installation of solar panel with load limit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of solar panel installation apparatus.    Building (2)    Elevation support unit (4)    Solar panel (5)
NOVELTY - A hole (106) is provided at backside of terminal box (102) to accommodate cable that extracts electric power from photovoltic cell array (101) through current carrier (104). The light receiving surface side of hole is entirely covered by an in combustible material.    USE - Solar battery module installed in roof for suppressing environmental problem such as global warning.    ADVANTAGE - Since the in combustible material is coated at the light receiving surface side of the hole, spreading of flame is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) solar generation system;    (b) solar battery;    (c) roof with solar battery module    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of solar battery module.    Photovoltic cell array (101)    Terminal box (102)    Current carrier (104)    Hole (106)
NOVELTY - The protection sheet (7) is subjected to corona discharge processing on one side.    USE - For use in roof mounted solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids possibility of peeling of protection sheet or shift in position of battery cell as adhesive strength is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) solar battery module;    (b) solar battery module manufacturing method    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing process of the solar battery module.    Protection sheet (7)
NOVELTY - Solar battery (2) converts radiation energy of solar light ray into electrical energy. Warm water circulation device (4) arranged at one side of the battery cools the solar battery. Cutter type concave mirrors (3) are used to condense the solar light towards the battery.    USE - Solar battery power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces installation cost, since quantity of solar battery required for installation is reduced; thus propagation of solar power generation system is promoted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic block diagram of solar battery power generation system.    Solar battery (2)    Concave mirrors (3)    Warm water circulation device (4)
NOVELTY - A thin film solar battery cell (22) has photoelectric conversion areas (121-128) supported between electrodes (111-114,131-135). Output terminals (161,162) are connected to electrodes (114,131) respectively. The connection of the terminals exists outside the photoelectric conversion areas.    USE - Thin film solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Since the output terminals are connected to electrodes at outer sides of photoelectric conversion areas, damage to photoelectric conversion areas, due to heat and pressure application, during soldering connection of terminals, is avoided and hence reduction in efficiency of solar battery module is inhibited.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of integrated thin film solar battery cell.    Cell (22)    Electrode (111-114,131-135)    Photo electric conversion areas (121-128)
NOVELTY - Output current and output voltage of solar battery (1) and light amount corresponding to optical energy of solar light received by the battery, are sampled simultaneously. The fluctuation of sampled data is detected when detected fluctuation is more than predetermined generated warning value.    USE - For measuring solar battery output characteristics in solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Since output characteristic of solar battery and amount of light received by battery are sampled simultaneously and fluctuation of sampled data is detected automatically using measurement program, the solar battery output characteristics are measured correctly in short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar battery output characteristic measurement apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of solar battery output characteristics measuring apparatus.    Solar battery (1)
NOVELTY - Solar battery clock consists of movement unit (5) and solar battery (6) latchingly mounted to the transparent back lid (7) of the movement unit. Lid surface opposing battery is at predetermined distance.    USE - Used in solar battery clock.    ADVANTAGE - Solar battery clock with high definitive dial face preserving ornamental property can be manufactured, since dial face need not be light permeable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery clock.    Movement unit (5)    Solar battery (6)    Back lid (7)
NOVELTY - The substrate (11) consists of conductive ceramic sintered compact containing 70 vol% or more of SiC.    USE - For thin film silicon solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate has excellent electro conductivity and size and cost of thin film solar battery is reduced when compared to conventional thin film solar batteries.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of thin film silicon solar battery.    Substrate (11)
NOVELTY - During charging, the storage battery (4) is electrically connected to opto-electric transducer (3). The transducer has a control circuit (5) which controls charging and discharging of storage battery.    USE - Optical charging type secondary battery for use in electrical equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures effective utilization of available resources and reduces waste generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of charging state of secondary battery.    Opto-electric transducer (3)    Storage battery (4)    Control circuit (5)
NOVELTY - Light emitting diodes (4,6), a battery (17) to supply power for LEDs, solar batteries (7,8) to supply power to battery are provided inside the case (2). A flashing control circuit is provided to blink the LEDs. A transparent cover (3) is attached so as to cover the surface of LEDs, solar batteries inside the case. A meniscus lens (3L) is formed continuously opposing to solar battery.    USE - For indicating position of curb stone in road, by light emission during night time.    ADVANTAGE - The incident light is condensed by integral formation of lens, thus strengthening optical intensity of the light irradiated by the solar battery. Amount of electricity generations of the solar battery can be increased. Shock resistance and weather resistance are provided as cover is made from transparent raw material such as polycarbonate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of light emitting device.    Case (2)    Cover (3)    Meniscus lens (3L)    Light emitting diodes (4,6)    Solar batteries (7,8)    Battery (17)
NOVELTY - The center top section (115A) is lifted and positioned in relation to support beam (120) on ground using tower crane sections. Subsequent sections are lifted on at a time and alternately added to the center sections until completion of annular diffuser. Alternately arcuate segments are pre-assembled into subsegments consisting three segments.    USE - For generation of electric power from wind and sea.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy site assembly comparatively large sized diffuser and handling, as annular diffuser is formed with pre-assembled segments using tower cranes and lift jacks. Enables partial completed eight diffuser to be used as sphere frame to lift the center body of turbine. Alleviates need for large cranes and hence saves construction cost. Allows freedom of site selection, as conveyance is easy by segmenting the diffuser.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a diffuser for diffuser augmented turbine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows elevation showing center body suspended from upper segments and tower cranes moved outside of assembled segments.    Center top segment (115A)    Support beam (120)
NOVELTY - Coil spring load disc (22) and coil spring load lid (20) are fixed to a position where they are unaffected by rotor (32) rotation. Sensors (10-12) mounted on end surface of load lid (20), are equidistantly spaced apart along path of travel of the rotor. Each sensor generates a signal different from the other sensors when magnetic wave transmitter (30) mounted on the rotor is moved adjacent to sensors.    USE - For computation of exercising trip by user working out with exerciser such as sculling exerciser.    ADVANTAGE - Detects accurate motion travel data by multiple sensors that send different signals to a central processor which is set up only for selected one way segment parameters.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A rotor (32) rotates in positive or inverse rotation depending on whether the rope (40) around the rotor is in retracted or released status. The rope is retracted and released by the action of a coil spring (24). An electronic meter (60) displays data based on a predetermined sequence of signals from the sensors. The predetermined sequence indicates movement of the rotor in only one of the opposite directions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of the device applied to a sculling exerciser.    Sensors (10-12)    Coil spring load lid (20)    Coil spring load disc (22)    Coil spring (24)    Magnetic wave transmitter (30)    Rotor (32)    Rope (40)    Electronic meter (60)
NOVELTY - The plate shaped solar panel (10) has solar battery element (11). An external frame (20) is attached at the periphery of the solar panel using a sealant (30). The sealant is accumulated within the recesses (24-26), that is provided within the external frame.    USE - Solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - The assembling operation of external frame to solar battery module is made simple. Water resistance of battery is made favorable as sufficient quantity of resin is used as sealant. As metal plate and metal external frame do not contact, the required insulation for solar battery module is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective and sectional views of the solar battery module.    Plate shaped solar panel (10)    Solar battery element (11)    External frame (20)    Recesses (24-26)    Sealant (30)
NOVELTY - A MOS transistor performs focal blur prevention of the video, based on which collector and base connected with power supply collects electric charges during active time. The collected charge is amplified, based on which the emitter forwards an electronic signal to an external circuit.    USE - For semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates video blur and reduces video delay.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cathode and anode of photodiode are connected to power supply apparatus and MOS transistor, respectively. Shock of photon energy is performed to the anode, to generate electric charge. Drain, source and gate electrodes are linked to the anode of the photodiode and detection control circuit. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) video array;    (b) semiconductor device manufacturing method    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of active pixel detector.
NOVELTY - The solar energy panel (12) is mounted in a carrier (22) that is supported on a base using a universal joint (14,18). This allows the panel to be moved by controlled motors in the X and Y axes. Inputs to a controller are provided by sensors (44) that detect the direction of movement of the sun. This allows the panel to track the sun.    USE - Solar energy recovery for such as boats.    ADVANTAGE - Allows panel to be orientated with the sun.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of system.    Solar energy panel (12)    Universal joint (14,18)    Carrier (22)    Controller (32)    Sensors (44)
NOVELTY - The vacuum cleaner has a housing with a suction channel expanded at the bottom, a brush roller mounted in the suction channel, an electric motor for driving the brush roller and a rechargeable accumulator for supplying electrical power to the motor. Solar cells are mounted on the exterior of the housing to charge up the accumulator. The solar cells can be stuck onto the exterior surface of the housing or inserted into recesses.    USE - For cleaning floors, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Developed to enable longer brush operation per accumulator charge and for automatic accumulator charging after a working cycle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - No drawings.
NOVELTY - A weight plate (40) is determined whether it is in close proximity to another weight plate. A unique signal is provided if the weight plate is not in close proximity to the other weight plate. The unique signal is received and decoded. The amount of weight lifted is calculated based on the unique signal.    USE - For determining amount of weight lifted in an exercise weight machine.    ADVANTAGE - Allows system for determining amount of lifted weight to be easily installed onto existing weight machine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) an amount of lifted weight determining circuit;    (b) and an amount of lifted weight determining system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates a stack of weight plates of a weight machine.    Weight plate (40)
NOVELTY - A metal filter (7) is arranged between a back plate (6) and a resin slide piece. The resin slide piece is laminated and pressed on the surface of the metal filter. The resin of the resin slide piece is impregnated in the metal filter to fix the metal filter on the back plate by heating the resin slide piece at a temperature higher than the melting point of the resin.    USE - For water wheel turbine or electric motor.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains a reliable thrust bearing since the lubricating properties of a resin is sufficiently exhibited. Enhances bonding strength, thus prevents damage of sliding surface or peeling off of resin slide material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a bearing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory sectional view of the thrust bearing pad heating process.    Back plate (6)    Metal filter (7)
NOVELTY - Multiple air screws (5) are attached to the propeller shaft (4) of rotary unit (3) located at preset depth in water. Propeller shaft is positioned parallel to the direction of wave-flow. The rotation of propeller shaft is transmitted via power transmission shafts (16,17) to the electricity generator (18) mounted on hull (1a).    USE - In hydroelectric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Current supply is stabilized irrespective of climate, season, time since rotary unit is located at preset depth, in water. Repair and maintenance are easy since rotary unit can be lifted. Sufficient power generation is secured since vane position is adjustable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The rotary unit is attached via lifting mechanism (11) to the hull. The angle of vanes (5a) of air screw, is variable. A rudder (2) protrudes downwards from stern of hull.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of hydroelectric power generation system.    Hull (1a)    Rudder (2)    Rotary unit (3)    Propeller shaft (4)    Air screw (5)    Vanes (5a)    Lifting mechanism (11)    Power transmission shafts (16,17)    Electricity generator (18)
NOVELTY - Impeller blades are provided in a shroud (1) and scraper launcher (21) and exhaust outlet (22) which are linked by a communication tube are provided to the shroud. Outlet pipe (22a) is provided to the exhaust outlet in the top portion and feed pipe (21a) is provided to the scraper launcher in the bottom portion.    USE - For hydraulic power and steam generated electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Enables attaining increase in efficiency, by providing outlet pipe and feed pipe to respective exhaust outlet and scraper launcher.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of turbine.    Shroud (1)    Scraper launcher (21)    Exhaust outlet (22)    Feed pipe (21a)    Outlet pipe (22a)
NOVELTY - The generator consists of an external frame (30) attached with a water conveyance tube (11) to one side. The external frame accommodates a water turbine and a generator to transform energy of water course into electrical energy. The external frame is made to sink into flowing water or move off according to the condition of flowing water.    USE - For low head hydroelectric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Hydraulic power energy of low head is effectively used without construction of dam, as it is used directly. Waterborne traffic, residents and ecosystem are non-influenced as generator is immersed directly. Erosion of river bank is controlled by rectification of river local.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for implementation method of water turbine generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of water turbine generator.    Tube (11)    Frame (30)
NOVELTY - The rail elements (2) supports both the ends of each solar panel. In between the rail elements, an open pipe (7) is provided. A water drip plate (8) that covers the flange (7a) of the pipe, is provided in each rail element.    USE - For roof of residential building.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of open pipe and water drip plate exhibits excellent water-proof characteristics and enables easy adjustment of the solar panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar panel assembly.    Rail element (2)    Pipe (7)    Flange (7a)    Water drip plate (8)
NOVELTY - The movement promotion apparatus (1) has speaker (2) to selectively generate audio for promoting movement using movement appliance (100).    USE - For use in health or diet gymnastics for reinforcement of physical strength using movement appliance like dumbbell, barbell, expander, squat.    ADVANTAGE - The audio generated by speaker gives pleasure to human to move the physical appliance continuously.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of movement promotion apparatus.    Movement promotion apparatus (1)    Speaker (2)    Movement appliance (100)
NOVELTY - The auxiliary impeller (4) has an inlet port whose meridian surface contacts the exit (1b) of the main impeller (1). The water-turbine shaft is inclined at predetermined angle along perpendicular direction. The water- turbine shaft is inclined at an angle equal to meridian surface shaft of inlet port.    USE - For water-turbines.    ADVANTAGE - As the meridian surface of inlet port contacts the exit of main impeller, the reliability of water turbine is improved. Hence the occurrence of hydraulic power loss is prevented. As the water turbine shaft is inclined at predetermined angle along perpendicular direction, the length of streamline on surface of auxiliary do not have difference at chip and hub side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the impeller assembly.    Main impeller (1)    Exit (1b)    Auxiliary impeller (4)
NOVELTY - The formula for load sharing of auxiliary impeller delta = (Ka-1)divide(Ka+1divideapproximatelySP), is assumed in primary process and substituted in relations DELTAeta = etaR-approximatelye = deltax(etaR-approximatelyeREX). The values Ka' and delta' are assumed in secondary process and if approximatelyKa' is not in accordance with primary process, DELTAeta is incremented.    USE - For hydraulic turbine in power plant.    ADVANTAGE - The rate of load sharing of auxiliary impeller of water turbine is easily determined by this method. Cavitation generated to blade surface of impeller is prevented and size reduction of water turbine is enabled. Since a draft core peculiar to water turbine stops generating on downstream of impeller, the running condition of water turbine is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The conditions of water turbine are set in primary process, where n' is rotational speed of water turbine, N' is output of water turbine, He' is available head, ns' is specific speed of turbine, approximatelySP is cavitation parameter, eta is efficiency of turbine, etaR is efficiency of main impeller, etaREX is efficiency of auxiliary impeller.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of water turbine with auxiliary impeller.
NOVELTY - Auxiliary impeller (4) is detachedly mounted at downstream side of main impeller (1). The auxiliary impeller has 2-4 vanes, rotates integrally with main impeller and shares 5-15% of full load.    USE - For water turbine.    ADVANTAGE - The auxiliary impeller is provided at downstream side of main impeller. The pressure of auxiliary impeller is minimized. The pressure on blade surface of main impeller is always maintained more than saturated vapor pressure of water, thus generation of cavitation on blade surface of main impeller is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of principle portion of water turbine.    Main impeller (1)    Auxiliary impeller (4)
NOVELTY - Two or four blades (2) are arranged to rotate about a rotation axis (3). Each blade is spring-loaded to pivot about a pivot shaft (8) to automatically change an angle alpha between an imaginary plane interconnected a leading edge (5) and a trailing edge (6) of the blade and the axis of rotation corresponding to the velocity of the fluid flow.    USE - Used for energy conversion.    ADVANTAGE - Extracts energy efficiently from wind power. Offers rotor which can be manufactured easily and suppresses noise generation. Enables to convert the rotational energy of the rotor into fluid flow. Enhances the power output from rotors by forming the shape and automatically adjusting the angle relative to axis of rotation based on the flow velocity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each blade forms a curved rectangular surface which extend in a plane normal to the axis of rotation. The leading edge faces a flow direction (A), extending radially away from the axis of rotation and in a plane forming an inlet angle (alpha), in the range of 0-16degrees, relative to the axis of rotation. The trailing edge located at downstream from the leading edge, extends in another plane forming an outlet angle (alpha) between 80 and 100degrees with the axis of rotation. The pivot shaft extends in a plane normal to the axis of rotation and is spaced at a distance d' from an imaginary radius radiating from the axis of rotation. The angle (alpha) is formed between 30 and 50degrees.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the rotor and schematic diagram showing the function of blade adjusting device.    Blade (2)    Rotation axis (3)    Leading edge (5)    Trailing edge (6)    Pivot shaft (8)
NOVELTY - Hydraulic turbine assembly (3) has water inlet pipe (1) extended into a reservoir, is mounted with outer housing through an outer draft tube. The housing has rotor coupled to generator and the rotor is moved by passing water. Inlet core is fixed over the housing for receiving water from vortex (34).    USE - For hydroelectric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates easy installation to existing turbines. Enables easy and efficient manufacturing. Provides durable and reliable construction at low cost. Enables deriving extra energy from existing hydroelectric power as inlet core connecting housing coupled to inlet pipe through draft tube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the right side view of hydraulic turbine assembly.    Water inlet pipe (1)    Hydraulic turbine assembly (3)    Vortex (34)
NOVELTY - Hydraulic turbine has housing with end shields, inlet and outlet branch pipes. Housing accommodates two rotors with movable plates, some ends of which are hinge coupled with rotors, and conical guide arranged between rotors. Followers in form of grooves are made on inner surfaces of end shields. Each rotor has curvilinear slots parallel to longitudinal axis of rotor. Shape of plates is made to shape of slots. Hinge joints of plates are connected with edges of corresponding slots. Pins made on other ends of plates are designed for sliding in end shield grooves.    USE - Power engineering; low-power hydroelectric stations.    ADVANTAGE - Increased power output and efficiency of hydraulic turbine at low water head. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - The attachment fixture has vertically arranged pipes, which receives water from inlet. Cool water is circulated around the thin film solar battery fixed to fixture by frame (16).    USE - For solar battery modules mounted in building.    ADVANTAGE - Since solar battery is cooled by water, conversion efficiency of solar battery is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery module.    Frame (16)
NOVELTY - A waste water drain horizontal space (8) is provided in joint component (7). The edge portion of a horizontal space faces the waste water drain length space (6) of structure material for waste water drain (4). Water flown from solar panel (9) is fed to horizontal space and then to length space.    USE - For fixing solar panel on roof.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to drain the rain water flown from the horizontal space and joint unit through the drain water length space and ejected outside. Enables generating electric power at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially enlarged perspective view of the principal portion of the structure.    Waste water drain (4)    Waste water drain length space (6)    Joint component (7)    Waste water drain horizontal space (8)    Solar panel (9)
NOVELTY - One edge of the heat flow vector corresponding to the gradient of roof, is set equal to the inter-columns of the roof structure so that panel (10) of square shape is formed, by flat surface projection of the actual roof.    USE - For use as roofing material.    ADVANTAGE - As the solar panel itself acts as the roofing material, construction is simplified, and hence cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of flat-surface projection of a roof.    Panel (10)
NOVELTY - The housing (4) has a mount piece (6) which mounts each edge portion of the adjacent solar panels (1), opposingly suppressing a presser-foot (5). A pair of supporting pieces (9) has clamp convex portion clamped by clamp concave portion respectively built-in by double-sided slope of rising portion (8) of the roof (3). A tightener (12) tightness the supporting pieces to direction of proximity.    USE - For attaching solar panel in fold version roofs.    ADVANTAGE - The attachment of the solar panel to the fold version roof is performed simply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for attachment structure of solar panel for fold version roofs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar panel mounting fitting.    Solar panel (1)    Roof (3)    Housing (4)    Presser-foot (5)    Mount piece (6)    Rising portion (8)    Supporting piece (9)    Tightener (12)
NOVELTY - A metal layer (103) having 70% or more heat reflection rate is provided on light receiving upper surface of organic polymer resin film (102). Two or more steel layers (104) are formed at the non-heat reflecting lower side of polymer resin film embedded with photovoltaic cell (101). The steel layers are maintained with specified strength also during combustion of polymer resin film.    USE - Solar battery module installed on roof of residence. For electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Structural strength of back side portion is maintained when combustion of organic resin film in solar battery module takes place, as the steel layers are provided and hence photovoltaic cell and upper metal layer do not slide down even to roof lining board. Combustion of roof lining boards by direct flame is prevented. Spread of fire and carbonization of the module are prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of basic components of solar battery module.    Photovoltaic cell (101)    Organic polymer resin film (102)    Metal layer (103)    Steel layers (104)
NOVELTY - A solar battery is fixed to a support (3) and a fixing tool (8) is fixed to a roof (4) in which a connection tool (9) connects the support and the fixing tool. A fastening (10) is joined to the support and the fixing tool to which the fastening and slides over the support to attain tightening condition.    USE - Used for mounting solar battery on roof.    ADVANTAGE - The battery is strongly attached by the fixing tool simply and easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fixing device of solar battery.    Support (3)    Roof (4)    Fixing tool (8)    Connection tool (9)    Fastening (10)
NOVELTY - A roofing tile (12) is provided in which a through hole (17) is formed at the center. A projection (16) is provided at the surface of roofing tile at the center with a cover (13) to cover it. A rod-shaped fitting (11) is provided which passes through the through hole at the center of the roofing tile. A solar panel (20) is fixed at the upper end portion of the fitting.    USE - For supporting solar panel on roof tile.    ADVANTAGE - Even when a strong wind blows against a solar panel, no effect occurs on roofing tile as fitting is fixed to roof structures such as roof lining plate and a solar panel is fixed at upper end portion of fitting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the support structure of a solar panel.    Rod-shaped fitting (11)    Roofing tile (12)    Cover (13)    Projection (16)    Through hole (17)    Solar panel (20)
NOVELTY - A film is obtained by applying film deposition to a crosslinking agent-containing clear flexible resin composition. The film is embossed.    USE - The sealing film is used in a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The use of the recessed and projected portions exerts sufficient cushioning. This prevents a cell from breakage in the sealing process. The sealing film effectively prevents the cell from damage caused by pressing the sealing film against the cell in the sealing process. The solar battery is produced in high yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The depth of each recessed and projected portion formed by embossing is 15 microns or higher.
NOVELTY - The turbine has frames (23) in the form of the spokes of a wheel with openings (24) at their extremities. These are covered by hinged flaps (21a,21b) which close against the frame when they face the direction of the wind but open when they are on the reverse side of the frame enabling the wheel to rotate    USE - As a power source which can be driven by wind or water power (including tidal flow), to power small yachts when wind is to light to fill sails and as a possible source of power on Mars where the sun power is weak    ADVANTAGE - The turbine functions irrespective of the angle at which the wind or water impinges on the wheel. Up to the limit set by destructive storms the greater the wind or water speed the greater the output. Freedom from mechanical damage, no manufacturing problems or regular maintenance and repairs, no costly exchange of damaged parts and no breakup or collapse in strong winds    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows views of a wind turbine to the present invention.    hinged flaps (21a,21b)    frames (23)    openings (24)
NOVELTY - The arrangement determines the mechanical power of the sportsman by simultaneously measuring the force and speed of the drive chain (1). The chain passes over pulleys (2-4) so that a component of the chain force is present at one of the pulley bearings and acts on a flexural beam whose deformation is measured by strain gauges.    USE - For measuring the mechanical performance of a sportsman when riding.    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional arrangements, e.g. that they are static or require special cycle conversion, and provides an improved technical solution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a chain passing over pulleys    drive chain (1)    pulleys (2-4)    .
NOVELTY - The system comprises a support structure (10) including the legs (12) anchored in a sea floor (SL) for carrying an upper frame (14). The paddle units which comprises a paddle rod (20), connected to a housing (24) in each unit are mounted in the upper frame. The lower extremity of the paddle rod is terminated by a paddle plate (28). The distance between the paddle plate and the sea level is kept invariant.    USE - For production of power from sea waves.    ADVANTAGE - Improves utilization efficiency by keeping the distance between paddle plate and sea level constant. Eases maintenance by simplified structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of power production system.    Support structure (10)    Legs (12)    Upper frame (14)    Paddle rod (20)    Housing (24)    Paddle plate (28)    Sea floor (SL)
NOVELTY - An arm coupling assembly (802) has a first pulley (807), second pivot axle (580), second pulley (809), belt (808), and linkage assembly. The first pulley is rotatable around a first pivot axis (44). The second axle is secured to a frame. The second pulley is rotatable around a second pivot axis (810). The belt connects both pulleys. The linkage assembly connects the second pulley to an arm handle (68).    USE - Used for exercising upper body and lower body of user.    ADVANTAGE - Simulates natural heel to toe flexure, thus promoting exercise efficiency. Can be used in multiplicity of modes by individual user. Can be tailored to individual needs and desires of different users.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A first pivot axle (528) is supported to the frame. A coupler pivotally couples the first end of a pedal lever (496) to the first pivot axle at a predetermined distance from the first pivot axis so that the first end moves in a generally arcuate pathway around the first pivot axle. A guide engages the second end (500) of the pedal lever such that the second end of the pedal lever moves in a reciprocating pathway as the first end of the pedal lever moves in the generally arcuate pathway.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the partial side view of the exercise apparatus showing one alternative of an arm assembly.    First pivot axis (44)    Arm handle (68)    Pedal lever (496)    Second end of pedal lever (500)    First pivot axle (528)    Second pivot axle (580)    Arm coupling assembly (802)    First pulley (807)    Belt (808)    Second pulley (809)    Second pivot axis (810)
NOVELTY - The bottom of the ridge edge of a roof material (11A) is held by a support (40) attached to a roof structure material (1). The wiring space (14) of a solar battery (12) is formed between the roof structure material, located in the periphery of the support, and the roof material.    USE - For roof material with solar battery used for residential house.    ADVANTAGE - Increases roof material support strength, and simplifies mounting of roof material. Ensures smooth wiring of solar battery between roof materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory sectional view of roof material attachment structure.    Roof structure material (1)    Roof material (11A)    Solar battery (12)    Wiring space (14)    Support (40)
NOVELTY - Several mounting frames (8) are parallely arranged and fixed to the support frames (7) using U-shaped bolts (15). The rectangular solar battery module (1) is attached to the mounting frames with U-bolts. Mounting holes are formed in the restraining member (18) of each solar battery module for receiving the ends of U-bolt.    USE - For solar battery system.    ADVANTAGE - No screw holes are formed in mounting frames, U-bolt are used, thus drilling operation becomes unnecessary and strength of frame structure is not reduced. Assembly time is shortened.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of solar battery system.    Solar battery module (1)    Support frames (7)    Mounting frames (8)    U-shaped bolts (15)    Restraining member (18)
NOVELTY - Film deposition is applied to a clear flexible resin composition. The clear flexible resin composition contains a clear filler.    USE - The sealing film is used in the solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The clear filler exerts light scattering. The sealing film provides irregular reflection to light passed through the space between cells, or the cells. The resulting light is incident on the cells again. The use of the sealing film enhances the utilization factor of the light incident on the solar battery to enhance power generation efficiency.
NOVELTY - An ergo meter comprises a frame and a power transmission system (2) driving a rotating flywheel (3) which is made of or coated with a conductive or magnetic material. A braking arrangement (4) adjusts the rotation resistance of the wheel. The braking arrangement comprises a fixed mass magnetic brake element (8) at an adjustable distance from the flywheel. It moves in a direction parallel with the cross-sectional plane of the wheel and parallel with the radius.    USE - In an ergo meter bike, stepper etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enables controlling of the calibration of the ergo meter every day, user friendly, simple calibration, load force can be read with greater accuracy, inexpensive to produce.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of the invention in operation and provided with a measuring instrument.    Power transmission system (2)    Rotating flywheel (3)    Brake arrangement (4)    Magnetic brake element (8)    Pendulum (9)
NOVELTY - The power generation plant has a foundation (F) fitted with a number of vertical cog rails for cog wheels attached to an outer platform (A), which is displaced vertically in dependence on the water level. The outer platform is fitted with a further set of vertical cog rails for cog wheels attached to an inner platform, with direct or indirect of a current generation turbines by the vertical movement of the platforms.    USE - The power generation plant is used for harnessing a tidal flow for providing electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The height difference between the outer and inner platform at each tide turning point is utilized to maintain the operation of the turbines until the reversal of the tidal flow.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the individual components of a power generation plant.    Outer platform (A)    Foundation (F)    Inner platform (I)
NOVELTY - A deck support structure includes multiple laterally spaced resilient support materials individually mounted on stationary portion of a frame structure to prevent longitudinal movement. The resilient materials support a deck and permit downward movement of the deck corresponding to the impact force of user's feet on exercise surface.    USE - For walking, running and aerobic type exercises.    ADVANTAGE - Provides shock absorbent running surface to support a deck under the belt. Enables sensing of impact on user's body by providing user information. Reduces belt tension without affecting the reliability of operation. Ensures quiet operation without needing chain oiling.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An endless belt (20) rotating according to the rotation of pulley, provides movable surface on which walking and running exercises are performed. A speed controller has a control panel operatively connected to a motor, which operated by user to control the belt speed. An inclination device selectively inclines the deck by user operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the assembled exercise treadmill.    Endless belt (20)
NOVELTY - Electrodes (1) are installed in inflow channel at fixed intervals. The electrodes are supplied with DC voltage for predetermined period to generate direct flow pulse voltage.    USE - To prevent infiltration of under water creatures like fish into intake channel of hydroelectric power stations using water wheels, for introductory path of waterworks.    ADVANTAGE - Adhering of fouling organism to channel is prevented by generation of DC voltage shock. Labor for maintenance is reduced by preventing frequent clogging of channel. Safety for human being is ensured by electric shock protective circuit. Circuit protection is ensured by providing condenser on power supply side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of direct current pulse generator.    Electrode (1)
NOVELTY - The panel consists of an array of solar cells (10) on an insulated base (11). The cells are covered by glass covers (13) with electroconductive films. Interconnectors (14) connect the cells through the electroconductive films.    USE - In space crafts, satellites.    ADVANTAGE - As the size of the solar panel is considerably reduced, high density mounting is enabled. Also, mounting operation is performed easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar panel.    Solar cells (10)    Insulated base (11)    Glass cover (13)    Interconnectors (14)
NOVELTY - Light and heat hybrid panel (1) has polymerized collection-of-heat panel (3) and solar panel (2). The panel (3) arranges collection-of-heat pipes (32) which have projected portions in parallel and header pipe (33) to the end side of pipes (32). A synthetic resin foaming board (5) with projections having height below projection height of header pipe, is attached to the rear side of panel (3).    USE - For solar apparatus used in residences.    ADVANTAGE - Since projection height of synthetic resin foaming board is lower than height of header pipe, resin foaming board alone contacts the roof material, when light and height panel is installed on roof material, thereby avoiding roof material breakage. Avoids need for large scale frame. Since collection-of-heat pipe and storage tank are provided, optical energy of solar light and heat energy are utilized. Since grooves penetrates from one end to other end between successive protruding lines, and collection-of-heat pipes are arranged in parallel, stagnation of water during rain is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The synthetic resin foaming board (5) has protruding lines almost parallel to collection-of-heat pipes (32). Grooves are penetrated from one end to other end, between successive protruding lines. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram and sectional view of light and heat hybrid panel.    Light and heat hybrid panel (1)    Solar panel (2)    Collection-of-heat panel (3)    Synthetic resin foaming board (5)    Collection-of-heat pipe (32)    Header pipe (33)
NOVELTY - The solar battery structure (12) comprises a solar battery cell whose upper and lower surfaces are covered by non-water permeable material like glass pane. The solar battery structure is inserted in recess of frame (4) of U-shaped cross section, provided on surface of roofing tile body (11) and sealed airtight using a sheet-like elastic sealant (5).    USE - For solar power generation system for residence.    ADVANTAGE - Permeation of rain water to solar battery is prevented reliably, thereby suppressing reduction of electricity generation capability of solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of roofing tile with solar battery.    Frame (4)    Elastic sealant (5)    Roofing tile body (11)    Battery structure (12)
NOVELTY - A solar battery (4) is arranged in a recess (3) of a base material (2) of a roofing tile (1). Fixing tools (8,9) fix the solar battery to circumferential surface (5) of base material surrounding the recess. The fixing tools have projections (28,29) that are fixed into holes (6,7) provided in the circumferential surface.    USE - Especially for attachment structure of solar battery in roofing tile for solar power generation system in residence.    ADVANTAGE - Enables firm fixation of solar battery to roof tile by using fixing tool, thereby improves attachment strength. Eases installation of solar battery to roof tile, thereby roofing work expense is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for roof tile manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded perspective view of roofing tile with solar battery.    Roofing tile (1)    Base material (2)    Recess (3)    Circumferential surface (5)    Holes (6,7)    Fixing tools (8,9)    Projections (28,29)
NOVELTY - Inclination angle of mobile power generation unit (13) is changed manually by a remote controller (23). A sensor (21) detects sun direction and the detected direction data are stored in a memory (41) sequentially at preset time intervals, by operating the controller. Sun tracking units (16,17,19,22) track the sun for changing inclination angle of power generation unit based on the sun directional data.    USE - Sun tracking type solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy adjustment of the system after installation and hence improves operation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of sun tracking type solar power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows component of sun tracking type solar power generation system.    Mobile power generation unit (13)    Sun tracking units (16,17,19,22)    Sensor (21)    Remote controller (23)    Memory (41)
NOVELTY - The solar power generation panel includes several solar battery modules (102). The adjacent solar battery modules are connected electrically and mechanically through a connection path (107).    USE - Solar power generation panel installed in roof.    ADVANTAGE - Connection is simplified by avoiding use of connector and cables. Material cost is reduced by avoiding use of terminal box and connector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar power generation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial perspective diagram of the solar power generation panel.    Solar battery modules (102)    Connection path (107)
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (1) supported by bolting portion (4) has an external frame (1a) which rests on the surface of a frame rail (2). The frame rail has a groove (2a) into which the bolting portion (3) is inserted. A location portion (3b) contacts the bolting portion (3) of the frame.    USE - For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - The workability and accuracy of the model is increased. Versatility is improved. Favorable tightening of the mounting structure is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for tightening tool manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of mounting structure.    Solar battery module (1)    External frame (1a)    Frame rail (2)    Groove (2a)    Bolting portion (3,4)    Location portion (3b)
NOVELTY - The roof panel (8) with several solar batteries, is held at the edge of panel holding unit. The water-proof sheet (31) extends from roof panel edge and is tensioned between roof panel and roof frame (12).    USE - Used in roof of buildings for prevention of water seepage to solar panel.    ADVANTAGE - The sealing of solar battery on roof is sufficiently secured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of water-proof structure of roof panel with solar battery.    Roof panel (8)    Roof frame (12)    Water-proof sheet (31)
NOVELTY - Non-flammable air passage resistance unit (8) is provided at the joining portion (9) of roof material (1), which is laid on foundation surface.    USE - For building provided with solar power module.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents heat deformation of edge of module due to jump fire.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) application method of roof;    (b) building;    (c) solar power generation apparatus    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the roof structure.    Roof material (1)    Non-flammable air passage resistance unit (8)    Joining portion (9)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor chip (101) is supported between two sheets of metallic foils (102,103) electrically connected by soldering material (104). After exposing the surface of one metallic foil, the resin mold (105) of the soldering material is performed.    USE - For use in photovoltaic cell module, solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - The heat release property of the diode is extremely sufficient at thin shape and it excels in corrosion resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of by-pass diode.    Semiconductor chip (101)    Metallic foils (102,103)    Soldering material (104)    Resin mold (105)
NOVELTY - A permeable front cover (2) is configured at light receiving surface side of solar power generation element. A back cover (3) is configured on both sides of solar power generation element, opposing the front cover. The back cover is formed such that a partial edge protrudes from edge of the front cover opposing to outside and sealing agent (4) is filled between the projection edge and edge of front cover.    USE - For solar power generation system for residence.    ADVANTAGE - As gap between projection edge of front cover and edge of back cover is extremely small, certainty of edge sealing improves. Operability during manufacture is sufficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top and sectional views of solar battery module.    Permeable front cover (2)    Back cover (3)    Sealing agent (4)
NOVELTY - The power supply includes a solar battery and storage battery (5). Socket holes (7) are provided for various electric equipment.    USE - For outdoor installations such as park, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since service wiring from trunk line cable-run are unnecessary, cheap installation to a vast site can be achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of power supply.    Storage battery (5)    Socket hole (7)
NOVELTY - Several solar batteries (12) are arranged within a frame (11) to form a solar battery module (1). The solar battery modules are inclined and extended along the longitudinal and vertical directions. The arrangement of solar battery modules conforms to the shape of a character, symbol or specific pattern, when observed from the stigmatism position of solar battery module.    USE - For solar panel installation in roof, road and ground.    ADVANTAGE - Displays colorful character, symbol or pattern easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the general view of solar panel.    Solar battery module (1)
NOVELTY - An L-shaped frame (11) has a lamp face to support a solar battery (12) internally. A fresh air inlet (31) is opened in the frame for free flowing of wind.    USE - E.g. solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Presence of fresh air inlet reduces wind pressure exerted on module, hence attachment strength is reduced. Absence of wind pressure reduces rigidity, hence installation becomes reliable. Weight is reduced by simple structure of frame.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional chart of module.    L-shaped frame (11)    Solar battery (12)    Air inlet (31)
NOVELTY - A solar battery (12) and a wind pressure decreasing unit (30) are clamped on either faces of ridge-shaped lead frame (11) provided in solar battery (12). The wind pressure decreasing unit reduces pressure of wind on the side of lead frame.    USE - Solar battery module installed on flat roof.    ADVANTAGE - Wind pressure effect on battery is reduced by wind pressure reducing unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module installation structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of solar battery module.    Ridge-shaped lead frame (11)    Solar battery (12)    Wind pressure decreasing unit (30)
NOVELTY - A connector (29) for extracting the lead wire horizontally, is provided to edge of solar panel in a tetragonal shape. The solar panel has solar battery module configured superficially on surface of the transparent housing (21).    USE - Solar panel structure.    ADVANTAGE - Need for terminal block is avoided, hence simplification of electrode connection and connection between panels, is attained at low cost and less number of processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar panel unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of solar panel structure.    Transparent housing (21)    Connector (29)
NOVELTY - Wall panel (A) includes a light receiving surface (3) provided with solar battery (5) and rear surface (4) forming a preset angle mutually at protruding edge (2).    USE - For buildings.    ADVANTAGE - As the dressing surface comprises front surface and rear surface forming an angle mutually, it facilitates the front surface to get maximum exposure to sun light which houses the solar battery. Hence light receiving efficiency and electricity generation efficiency are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of solar wall panel.    Protruding edge (2)    Light receiving surface (3)    Rear surface (4)    Battery (5)    Wall panel (A)
NOVELTY - Solar battery module distributes some parallel photovoltaic cells (9) which are enclosed in a cover (5). Processing area (7) is provided in the cover for adjusting the cover length along elongated direction. Water drain is arranged at lower portion of cover in communication with solar modules which are arranged along water flow elongate direction.    USE - For solar battery modules in building.    ADVANTAGE - No connector portion to the water flow direction is provided, so outstanding waterproof structure can be provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) application method of the outer cover;    (b) electrical power generating device    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of roof.    Cover (5)    Processing area (7)    Photovoltaic cell (9)
NOVELTY - The roof panel comprises flat areas and rectangular projections. Photovoltaic cells (105) are arranged over the flat areas. The connections terminals, cables (102) and ejection box (107) are arranged within inner surface of the projections.    USE - For solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents damage to terminal ejection box, when the roof panels are assembled. Enables effective utilization of space in roof panels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) manufacturing method of solar battery integrated roof panel;    (b) installation method of solar battery integrated roof panel    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front, isometric and sectional front views of roof panel.    Cables (102)    Photovoltaic cells (105)    Ejection box (107)
NOVELTY - The sensor comprises an aspherical lens (2) which focuses image of sun onto image pickup device (1). The image signal is converted to electric signal. Based on the electric signal, a CPU (6) detects position of sun.    USE - For solar electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables automatic tracking of sun rays without need for driving separate actuator, thereby reducing power consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of solar position sensor.    Image pickup device (1)    Aspherical lens (2)    CPU (6)
NOVELTY - The battery module (17) comprises multiple rod-shaped solar batteries (11) interconnected by connectors (16). Each cell comprises a cell body (13) with amorphous silicon layer formed over a metal wire (12). A transparent coating layer (14) is formed over the cell body.    USE - For solar power generating system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces restrictions on installation space, and enables efficient generation of solar current.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery.    Solar batteries (11)    Metal wire (12)    Cell body (13)    Transparent coating layer (14)    Connectors (16)    Battery module (17)
NOVELTY - Several solar battery modules (M) are arranged in shape of matrix on a fixed support unit (MF). A gasket for module support (GA) is introduced into vertical and horizontal materials (FA-FD) of support unit, for supporting vertical edges (Ma,Mb) and horizontal edges of each solar battery module, respectively.    USE - For roof of building, factory.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies wiring operation and thereby saves labor. Electricity generation efficiency is increased by interposing the gasket.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially broken view of solar battery module built-up structure.    Vertical and horizontal materials (FA-FD)    Module support (GA)    Solar battery modules (M)    Vertical edges (Ma,Mb)    Fixed support unit (MF)
NOVELTY - Crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion layer (105) is deposited for 5-20 min at velocity of 0.036-0.36 mum/hr on n-type layer (104) of thickness 2-50 nm. p-type layer (106) of thickness 2-50 nm is formed on layer (105). The n and p type layers, and layer (105) are formed within identical plasma CVD reaction chamber. Thickness of layer (105) is set as 1-5 mum with deposition velocity as 1 mum/hr.    USE - For manufacturing silicon thin film photoelectric converter used in solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Improves production efficiency of photoelectric converter at low cost. Improves characteristic of photoelectric converter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model perspective diagram of photoelectric converter.    N type layer (104)    Silicon photoelectric conversion layer (105)    P type layer (106)
NOVELTY - An insulated layer (2) is formed on the metal plate (1) by sol-gel method using metal alkoxide bath. About 25-75 mass% of insulated inorganic powder (3) having particle size of 0.2-2.0 microns is dispersed on the insulating layer.    USE - For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The insulating layer protects the substrate from heat and moisture. The dispersion of inorganic powder improves photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of insulated substrate for solar batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the insulated substrate for solar batteries.    Metal plate (1)    Insulated layer (2)    Inorganic powder (3)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor is manufactured by heating a non-amorphous semiconductor above 200 degreesC under pressure of 200 or more kgf/cm2s.    USE - Used for manufacturing semiconductor device such as photovoltaic cell, solar battery and photodiode.    ADVANTAGE - Photosensitivity of a non-amorphous semiconductor is improved. Mass production is carried out efficiently.
NOVELTY - A divider (ST4) divides a basic unit (1) based on product form. A jointer (ST6) connects the fragments mutually with required number of insulating sheets.    USE - For production of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - As type exception and number of connections are not needed beforehand, intermediate work load is reduced and type flexibility is increased. Since the fragments are connected immediately, management of the fragments is made simple.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the components of production system of solar battery.    Basic unit (1)    Divider (ST4)    Jointer (ST6)
NOVELTY - A solar battery module (3) is included in main portion (2) of panel. Positive and negative terminals of module are installed to four edges or four overlapping corners of the panel. The positive and negative terminals are installed at a distance larger than each terminal width in front and back or right and left side of edges or corners.    USE - For use in electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Utilizes electricity generation power of each module effectively, as by-pass of power can be done through connected modules even when module is disconnected.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The positive and negative terminals are provided to each overlapping corners in main portion of the panel. The positive and negative terminals are arranged in parallel to common positive and negative collector bases (11,12), respectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of solar battery built-in panel.    Main portion (2)    Solar battery module (3)
NOVELTY - The slate tiles (1) has built-in solar battery module (3) whose adjacent positive and negative terminals are provided at the corners of the tiles. The like-pole terminals of vertically adjacent battery modules are arranged contacting mutually.    USE - For use in roofing for solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - As the modules are connected in parallel, even when one module fails, it can be bypassed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of solar power generation system.    Slate tiles (1)    Solar battery module (2)
NOVELTY - A light receiving surface is divided into light receiving areas based on the difference in permissible maximum light receiving load per unit area. Among the divided areas, one area is used for receiving light, so that the difference in the permissible maximum light receiving load, between light receiving and non-receiving areas is maintained.    USE - For electrical power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Since the surface of solar battery module is divided depending on permissible maximum light reception load per unit area. The operator is clear about the load taken by each area. Hence operating efficiency improves. A path for walking is provided on the top of module extending area, so that it is easily accessed by the operator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the solar battery module.
NOVELTY - Each solar battery element with positive and negative terminals is disposed between the base (1) and respective surface coating material (7). The elements are placed on the base via conductive wire and insulating sheet. The gap between coating materials is filled with elastic sealant (6).    USE - For power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since solar panel is made of non combustible material, all components used in the panel can be exposed to outer air. Since the sealant used to fill up the gap between coating material is highly flexible to the temperature changes experienced by base and coating material, durability is improved. Since solar battery elements are implanted in simple manner, number of processes involved during installation is reduced. Manufacturing cost is reduced as reduced number of solar battery elements are used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The elastic sealant used between the coating materials is a transparent material, and has high resistance towards weather change and fire. The sealant is flexible such that it absorbs and expands according to the thermal changes experienced by base and coating material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the explanatory drawing of solar panel structure.    Base (1)    Elastic sealant (6)    Coating material (7)
NOVELTY - A thin-film solar battery (10) has a semiconductor layer which is formed on a glass substrate. The solar battery is mechanically supported by a support (11) in portions other than the edge portion of the glass substrate.    USE - For installation on roof of buildings.    ADVANTAGE - Since heat insulating material spacer is provided between the solar battery and metal portion of support, influence of disconnecting distortion of glass substrate edge portion can be avoided, in the operating conditions of solar battery. Crack generation in glass substrate due to the thermal stress, is prevented. Mechanical reliability of solar battery module is improved greatly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The support has a metal portion which includes heat insulating material spacer whose thermal conductance is below 10-3 W/cmdegreesC.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery module.    Thin-film solar battery (10)    Support (11)
NOVELTY - DC-DC converter (5) delivers solar photovoltaic panel-based power (4) to main bus (6) through a link-inverter. When converter is not coupled to main bus, the converter-end output voltage level is brought down to safe limits and restored to working level automatically once the connections are effected. Also, solar power is disconnected immediately, if converter-end voltage rise-rate exceeds set limits.    USE - Solar photovoltaic panels, typically those blended into residential roof-tops serve as alternate means of auxiliary power to supplement mains power supply.    ADVANTAGE - Provides high measure of worker safety during linkages of solar power into downstream systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The main bus directly links in parallel with each of the photovoltaic panels via reference resistance individually attached to these panels, in series. The ratio of the total test current drawn from the bus and the reference current across an individual panel determines the total number of functional panels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic circuit diagram illustrating the linkage/control arrangements between the solar power modules and the main bus.    Solar power modules (4)    DC-DC converter (5)    Main bus (6)    Main conversion circuit of electric power (50)    Control circuit (51)
NOVELTY - A pair of counter rotatable motors (2) are arranged one above other. The motors have common rotatable shaft and multiple vanes. The sub-vanes of each vanes are rotatable between closed position in which liquid flow is resisted and open position in which liquid flow is permitted. The liquid flow effects rotation of vanes and shaft, thereby enabling generator (6) to generate electricity.    USE - For submersible electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The motors have sufficient inertial mass to reduce effect of variation in speed and force of incoming liquid. Energy conversion efficiency is enhanced, since motors are buoyant and direction of liquid flow is controlled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The motors are arranged in liquid chamber of buoyant housing (1) having liquid inlet opening (30) and outlet opening (32). Vanes of one motor, is displaced relative to the vanes of other motor. The sub-vanes are switched to closed position, when vanes are rotated in same direction as that of liquid flow. The sub-vanes are switched to open position, when vanes are rotated in opposite direction relative to that of liquid flow. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electricity generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross section of electricity generation system.    Housing (1)    Motors (2)    Generator (6)    Inlet and outlet openings (30,32)
NOVELTY - Liquid crystal display device with power generating function is new.    USE - Liquid crystal display device with power generating function    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar battery (12) is disposed on the side opposite to the visibility side of a liquid crystal display panel (9) or in a position facing at least part of the visibility side surface, and the solar battery is irradiated with light via the transparent portion of the LCD panel (9) to generate power or display is made by the LCD panel (9) via the transparent portion of the solar battery unit (12), thereby providing a power generation function of the solar battery by using the area of the LCD panel alone. A provision of a printing layer (5) that gives the same color to the entire solar battery unit (12) will enhance a design feature. In addition, the display area of the LCD panel (9) can be controlled according to the amount of power generated by the solar battery unit (12).
NOVELTY - Identical weight supporting units (20) are mounted on opposite sides of a bench (22), each of which includes a housing (28) having barbell shaft slidably positioned. A jack screw is interconnected to the shaft with motor to rotate the jack. Solenoid activated plungers are provided with emergency pedal (24) to hold motor, spring and shaft together in the retracted position against the force of spring.    USE - For raising barbell in smooth and controlled manner in response to dangerous position.    ADVANTAGE - Since jack screw driven by motor is provided with constant force spring and solenoid activated plunger, it is possible to raise a set of weights smoothly in response to dangerous position.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A constant force spring is provided between top of the housing and spring in such way that motor, spring and the barbell shaft are provided slidably together within housing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the weight lifting system.    Weight supporting units (20)    Bench (22)    Emergency pedal (24)    Housing (28)
NOVELTY - Metal peripheric board (2) is laid parallely on support flat surface of foundation material (10) and peripheric surfaces such as roof or outer wall, are formed on the support flat surface frames (4) are integrally formed along longitudinal direction of both sides of the board. Between the frames, a solar battery module panel (6) is inserted slidably and maintained.    USE - For solar battery module panel.    ADVANTAGE - Solar battery module panel is attached to peripheric boards easily. The frame for fixing solar battery module panel is built cheaply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for peripheric board.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of peripheric body.    Metal peripheric board (2)    Flat surface frame (4)    Solar battery module panel (6)    Foundation material (10)
NOVELTY - An output lead wire (105) is connected to a solar battery element and arranged at the back side reinforcing material (102). A terminal box (104) is arranged at connection point of output lead wire and the solar battery element. The terminal box is arranged independent of anode and cathode of solar battery element. The lead wire is drawn from terminal box along inner direction of battery element.    USE - For solar battery array of solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies field work by enabling easy connection of solar battery modules. Reduces time and cost required for connection of solar battery modules. Improves reliability of installation operation of solar battery module by eliminating wire feeding. Improves yield and endurance of insulating property of solar power generator by avoiding wire damage. Avoids wire damage even if battery module is bent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) solar battery array;    (b) solar power generation system;    (c) solar battery module manufacturing method;    (d) solar battery module installation method    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of back side of solar battery module.    Reinforcing material (102)    Terminal box (104)    Output lead wire (105)
NOVELTY - Diffusion shell (11) with impurity, is formed on the surface of non-electrode region of a semiconductor substrate (1). Thermo diffusion is performed to the substrate, in presence of diffusion gas, so that a low concentration doping layer (2a) and high concentration doping layer (2b) are formed on non-electrode region and electrode region of the substrate, based on the impurity of diffusion shell.    USE - Solar battery manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - Doping layer are formed by single thermo diffusion process, thus manufacturing time is shortened. Controls impurity level of both doping layer appropriately using diffusion gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of manufacturing process of solar battery.    Substrate (1)    Low concentration doping layer (2a)    High concentration doping layer (2b)    Diffusion shell (11)
NOVELTY - A communication link bidirectionally connects the computer (24) fitted in equipment (18) of local systems (12) to computer (66) of remote system (14). The remote computer receives equipment usage status from the local computer and accordingly outputs modified schedule for storing in read/write memory of the local computer. The remote system is connected to server (78) provided with server computer (76).    USE - For use as virtual personal trainer for home based systems for maintaining exercise schedule of user for promotion of health and fitness.    ADVANTAGE - The local computer can be fit with clock and speaker arrangement for rowing used about the scheduled exercise session.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The local computer is fitted to any of exercising equipment such as stationary bicycle, rowing machine, step machine, resistance trainer. The local computer is connected to remote computer through modem and telephone line or through ISDN digital transmission line via LAN, WAN, Internet. Based on newly loaded schedule, the local computer automatically controls the resistance of the exercising equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of health and fitness system.    Local systems (12)    Remote system (14)    Equipment (18)    Computer (24)    Computer (66)    Server computer (76)    Server (78)
NOVELTY - Oil bath has body, cover, rotor hub press-fitted onto its shaft. External seal cavity of oil bath cover accommodates coolers made in the form of separate sections mounted on respective segments of gland. Each section is connected on inlet joint side to low-temperature coolant source and on outlet joint side, to perforated annular chamber installed on external side of cover external seal in vicinity of its joint with rotor hub. External seal of cover is coated with heat- insulating material and joints of sections are located beyond external seal of cover.    USE - Hydroelectric and pumped storage plants.    ADVANTAGE - Improved reliability, economic efficiency, and repairability. 4 cl, 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Converter has semiconductor plate whose rear surface is coated with solder layer and effective front surface carries current-collecting metal contacts and silicone adhesive layer used to attach safety glass coating to plate; novelty is that safety coating is made of alkali- free aluminophosphate glass to build up internal electric field due to ionizing radiation; outer surface of safety coating is covered with water repelling film, 0.5 to 15 mcm thick. This ensures more than two-fold increase service life of solar battery operating under conditions of electronic ionizing radiation and 1.5-fold decrease in rate of radiation degradation of converter, as well as long-time stability of internal electric field.    USE - Solar-to- electric energy conversion.    ADVANTAGE - Improved life of solar battery and stability of internal field; reduced pollution of safety glass coating. 1 cl, 3 dwg
NOVELTY - A collector electrode (5) is installed on a silicon PN-junction structure (4) which is formed on a heat-resistant substrate (1). A porous silicon layer (2) with effective refractive index smaller than that of structure (4), is formed inbetween the structure (4) and the substrate.    USE - Thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since thin silicon porous layer is used, the amount of silicon raw material used is reduced. Since diffusion of impurities from substrate via the silicon porous film is avoided, quality PN-junction structure is realized. Since the refractive index of porous silicon layer is smaller than that of PN-junction structure, porous layer utilizable as a reflex layer is obtained and the transformation efficiency of solar battery is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of thin film solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of manufacturing method of solar battery.    Heat-resistant substrate (1)    Porous silicon layer (2)    PN-junction structure (4)    Collector electrode (5)
NOVELTY - The loading device includes a rotor (20) and a coaxial stator (11) between which there is a gap. The stator has a core (12) and exciting coils (13), whilst the rotor includes a ferromagnetic body, such as a steel plate, and a low resistance conductor. The conductor faces the core of the stator.    USE - Adjustable loading device.    ADVANTAGE - Is easily adjustable and applies a large braking force.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure show front and side views of the loading device    Stator (11)    Core (12)    Exciting coils (13)    Rotor (20)
NOVELTY - A personal key (27) stores the information relevant to user and/or user's desired exercise goal. A data collector (15) collects exercise data relevant to user and/or exercise device. A comparator compares the exercise data with the user's desired exercise goal to provide incentive rewards when the user is exercising at an intensity level and/or duration adequate to achieve his desired exercise goal.    USE - Personal exercise tracking system for promoting health fitness to user.    ADVANTAGE - Allows user to personally create his or her own individual exercise program and provides very simple, yet effective incentive mechanism to cause the user to stay with the exercise program. The system can be easily installed on existing type of exercise machine located in fitness center, gymnasium, spa and private home.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A key box (25) is associated with the exercise device to receive the key and read the information relevant to the user and/or his desired exercise goal. The exercise device is chosen from among treadmill, bicycle, exer cycle, stair climber, rowing machine, weight lifting or universal machine. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method for tracking personal fitness goals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the data collection module of the system installed in conjunction with the data key and heart rate detector and transmitter.    Data collector (15)    Key box (25)    Personal key (27)
NOVELTY - A pair of brackets (15,16) with hole forming water passage are fixed onto the motor frame (1) of hydroelectric generator. The water supplied through the hole drives the impeller (10) mounted in motor frame. The rotation of shaft against the stator (4) is supported by bearing (14) at the ends fitted within the brackets.    USE - For power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Power saving is obtained along with improved electricity generation as effective usage of water course is performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of hydroelectric generator.    Motor frame (1)    Stator (4)    Impeller (10)    Bearing (14)    Brackets (15,16)
NOVELTY - A solar panel (11) in which a number of sheets of light receiving surfaces (9) which reflect a portion of the incident solar light, is horizontally provided. The light receiving surfaces are separately provided in vertical direction on a vent (7).    USE - In windows of buildings for decorative purpose.    ADVANTAGE - Light is reflected indoors and incident solar light can be utilized as light receiving surface of several sheets are provided horizontally in vertical direction on a vent. Electric power load of illumination and air conditioning load by radiation can be reduced, as number of light reflecting surfaces are provided and also the solar light incident on light receiving surface is utilized. Direct rays which enters indoor through vent is interrupted, as solar panel is provided on the vent. Energy conservation can be attained using some electric power, as transformation of energy of solar light, interruption of direct rays can be performed simultaneously to electrical energy. Reduction in design property of a building can be prevented as solar panel of unique color can be used.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of solar lighting system.    Vent (7)    Light receiving surfaces (9)    Solar panel (11)
NOVELTY - Guide rails (6a-6c) movably support the rotation center of support units on the elliptical track at the time of natural walking movement of steps (5a,5b). The parallel steps provide mounting surface on which user's feet are disposed, and supported on the rail when user's foot is in tread position.    USE - For health maintenance, physical strength reinforcement for recovery and illness prevention.    ADVANTAGE - Performs simple and comfortable walking continuously by providing appropriate amount of movement load for eliminating stress while walking. Promotes natural walking movement. Performs automatic adjustment of movement load depending on user's physical strength.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic side view and front view of the walk movement apparatus.    Steps (5a,5b)    Guide rails (6a-6c)
NOVELTY - Transparent photo-semiconductor layer (21-a) and transparent electroconductive electrode (22) are sequentially formed on transparent electroconductivity substrate (20). The semiconductor layer chosen from IIIa group elements in periodic table has light absorbency of 0.8 or less for visible light of wavelength 400-800 nm.    USE - In self powered display unit.    ADVANTAGE - Since transparent semiconductor layer and electrode are provided, efficiency of solar battery is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) solar battery manufacturing method;    (b) self powered display unit    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the schematic diagram of solar battery.    Substrate (20)    Photo semiconductor layer (21-a)    Electroconductivity electrode (22)
NOVELTY - A pair of solar battery boards (2a,2b) are accumulated on transparent diffusion boards (1a,1b) respectively. A reflecting plate (3) laminates the bottom surfaces of the diffusion board (1a).    USE - For solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Power generation is remarkably increased for the same area by laminating two or more layers of diffusion boards on which solar battery boards are accumulated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of output power enhancing apparatus for solar power generation.    Transparent diffusion boards (1a,1b)    Solar battery boards (2a,2b)    Reflecting plate (3)
NOVELTY - A calculator (400) computes the amount of electricity to be generated corresponding to the amount of sunlight detected. A detector (16) detects the failure portion in an electricity generation unit (13) facing the sun, based on current amount of electricity generated and computed value in calculator. An output unit (42) outputs the information showing detected failure portion.    USE - For diagnosing fault in condensing tracking type electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables performing fault diagnosis of electricity generation unit quickly and simply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fault diagnosis procedure of electricity generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of fault diagnosis apparatus.    Electricity generation unit (13)    Detector (16)    Output unit (42)    Calculator (400)
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic (PV) assembly (10) mounted on the upper part of a roof (12), consists of a monolithic photovoltaic panel (14) with number of PV cells (20).    USE - For electric golf car.    ADVANTAGE - Prolongs range of electric car, reduces cost of using electric car and prolongs service life of battery since batteries are charged during operation. Reduces labor cost by increasing required time between battery charges. Reduces number of cars used in the facility since effective utilization of cars is attained. Reduces cost, simplifies construction and obtains more reliable system. Permits simple storage and access to components in the car.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top, rear and right side view of the phtovoltaic roof assembly.    PV assembly (10)    Roof (12)    Monolithic photovoltaic panel (14)    PV cells (20)
NOVELTY - A saucer (1) accommodating steel ball (5) is provided on a support arm (21) of mounting base (2). The reed switch provided inside saucer, connects battery in bottom shell to circuit board. When user twist the body to move the base, the saucer is rotated on the pivot rod of arm by which the ball contacts reed switch to connect the battery and circuit board to illuminate light emitting diodes in saucer.    USE - For use as indoor exercising implement.    ADVANTAGE - By the provision of belt, the implement can be easily fastened to user's waist.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mounting base has a fastening belt (6') using which the implement is fastened to the user's waist. The diodes are provided in the top shell which also includes a digital display which indicates the number of turns of the saucer on the pivot rod. The rotation of the saucer causes centrifugal force by which the ball is made to contact the switch. A buzzer mounted on the saucer is controlled by the circuit board for audio output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the implement.    Saucer (1)    Mounting base (2)    Steel ball (5)    Fastening belt (6')    Support arm (21)
NOVELTY - The turbine (10) has a rotor (30) rotatably fixed inside a housing (24) which has an inlet (12) and an outlet (14) connecting to annular grooves (54) formed in the rotor adjoining its cyclic moving blades. Guide blades (60b) extended from stator are fixed into the cyclic grooves to make the vanes of the moving blades point to the liquid in the cyclic grooves.    USE - For e.g. water turbine, steam turbine and gas turbine.    ADVANTAGE - The output and efficiency per unit flow of working fluid can be raised greatly, by preventing raise of back pressure in the flow path of the working fluid within turbine, since the guide blades extended from the stator into the annular grooves formed in the rotor adjoining the moving blades make the vanes of moving blades to point to the fluid in the annular grooves.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Working fluid introduced through the inlet of the turbine is ejected from the outlet. The stator is distributed inside the casing. The moving blades of the rotor are formed at regular intervals in the peripheral direction among the cyclic ring surface which meets the annular grooves.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fragmentary sectional view of high-efficiency turbine.    Turbine (10)    Inlet (12)    Outlet (14)    Housing (24)    Rotor (30)    Annular groove (54)    Guide blade (60b)
NOVELTY - The walking of pedestrian (2) is sensed and analyzed by a computer (9). When the pedestrian is detected to be walking in arbitrary directions, a mechanism (3) rotates belt mechanism (1), so that the pedestrian is always at the center of the belt.    USE - Walk sensation generation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The pedestrian can naturally walk on the belt, as the belt is adjusted such that the pedestrian is always at the center of it.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of walk sensation generation apparatus.    Belt mechanism (1)    Pedestrian (2)    Rotating mechanism (3)    Computer (9)
NOVELTY - A solar sliding and sunshine roof (1) is described. The surface of the sliding or sunshine roof is completely equipped with solar cells (2), cast in and sealed. Via electric cables (see sketch) and a relay (3), diverse loads can be connected.    USE - For vehicular air conditioning systems.    ADVANTAGE - Allows air-conditioning in parked cars to be run from solar energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a layout of the system    sunshine roof (1)    solar cells (2)    relay (3)
NOVELTY - Even when the wind force is received from any direction, the air screw rotates in a fixed direction.    USE - For the feather of a wind mill, water turbine, air screw, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Even when the wind pressure or hydraulic pressure acts from different direction, the air screw/water turbine rotates in a fixed direction and generates power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the water turbine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the feather of an air screw, wind mill, water turbine.
NOVELTY - The pump turbine comprises water turbine entrance side vane (101) which has long length and another kind of vane (102) which has short length. The vanes are arranged on circular plate (2) surface. The smaller vane is arranged between the longer vanes.    USE - Pump turbines.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of smaller vane between the longer vane enables to operate the pump in wide head range without vibration and noise.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of the pump turbine.    Circular plate (2)    Side vane (101)    Smaller vane (102)
NOVELTY - A steerable sun-shield (20) is provided to window (2) of the building. The sun-shield holds many solar batteries (30) arranged in predetermined order.    USE - In windows of buildings for generating electricity form sun light.    ADVANTAGE - As the sun-shield can be steered, it makes possible to expose the solar batteries to sun light at an optimum angle throughout the day.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of the steerable sun-shield.    Window (2)    Steerable sunshield (20)    Steerable sunshield (30)
NOVELTY - The trapezoidal and tetragonal solar battery modules (SMb,SMa) integrated to form a solar battery array (SA) installed in roof surface are supported by fixation frames. A waterproof mechanism (5-8) is provided between adjacency area of each periphery of solar battery array and tile roof portion of roof surface. A ventilator is provided at the backside of battery array for cooling.    USE - Roof integrated solar battery array.    ADVANTAGE - Since waterproof mechanism is provided, rain water and drain water cannot enter into roofing surface. Since ventilator is provided temperature rise of solar battery module is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of roof integrated solar battery array installed in trapezoidal roof surface.    Waterproof mechanisms (5-8)    Solar battery array (SA)    Solar battery modules (SMa,SMb)
NOVELTY - A group of solar battery cells (1) are attached to one surface of a protective sheet (2). The bottom of the protective sheet is covered by a heat-conducting board (7) attached to the surface side of an aluminum foaming body (10).    USE - For roof of building.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents changes in electricity-generating efficiency due to back air passage. Easy and simple to assemble.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the notch perspective diagram of the solar panel of the electrical power generating device.    Solar battery cells (1)    Protective sheet (2)    Heat-conducting board (7)    Aluminum foaming body (10)
NOVELTY - A thermosensitive wiring cut-off element (201) with cut-off temperature of 150 degrees or more is provided to the electrical wiring member of the solar battery module.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Improves security against electrical leakage since the wiring is temporarily cut off in the event of a fire.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar battery array.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the modular perspective diagram of the solar battery module.    Thermosensitive wiring cutoff element (201)
NOVELTY - A concave-shaped non-light receiving roof has a projection (41) that accommodates a terminal box (47).    USE - For accommodating solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates separate installation of snow stopper due to built-in snow stopper function. Ensures protective wiring at terminal box rear by providing projection that accommodates terminal box.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a solar battery integrated roof sheath manufacturing method;    (b) and solar battery integrated roof sheath application method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of the solar battery integrated roof sheath.    Projection (41)    Terminal box (47)
NOVELTY - The system has a heat exchanger (16). Cooled water flowing out of the heat exchanger is returned by a pump (7) to the exchanger inlet after passing through bearings (3a,3b,5a) of a generator and turbine. Water for running a turbine (5) flows from a penstock (1) through the heat exchanger. Water for turbine gets heated up in the heat exchanger, thereby cooling the circulating water of the cooling system.    USE - For cooling bearings of rotary machines like generator, turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids necessity of feed pump, piping and strainer for primary cooling water. Improves cooling effect by direct heat exchange between the circulating cooling medium and water for running a turbine. Enables installation of heat exchangers on both sides of a penstock and a casing, as warrented by site conditions without affecting the net cooling effect.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a closed circulation type cooling system of rotary machine.    Penstock (1)    Bearings (3a,3b,5b)    Turbine (5)    Pump (7)    Heat exchanger (16)
NOVELTY - The turbine with rotor (5) housed within an upper and lower covers (52,53), is located above a generator (51). The turbine rotor is coupled to the generator rotor (11) by a vertical main shaft (9). A draft tube (54) forming a flow path of a casing (1), is located above the turbine rotor so that water under pressure flows out of the casing into the rotor horizontally, after passing the rotor upper portion.    USE - For hydroelectric power plant.    ADVANTAGE - Enables disassembly and assembly of the water turbine independently. Avoids necessity of concrete embedding of the excavation for installing the draft tube and casing by exposing the draft tube in the upper portion. Reduces downward and thrust load on the water turbine due to inflowing high pressure water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic cross-sectional view of the water turbine and electric generator installation.    Casing (1)    Rotors (5,11)    Shaft (9)    Generator (51)    Covers (52,53)    Draft tube (54)
NOVELTY - The joint portions (16b,38c,52c,68c) are provided to frames (16,38,52,68) respectively. The floor plate portions (20b,26b) and solar battery are mounted on back faces (16a,38a,52a) of the corresponding frame. The clamping plates (20c,26c) provided in the holding base (20) is fixed to back face of frame by fixing tools such as bolt.    USE - Solar battery module panel attached roof.    ADVANTAGE - The solar battery module panel is attached simply in the roof.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) method for attaching solar battery module panel on roof;    (b) apparatus for attaching solar battery module panel    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exterior explanatory drawing of overlapping roof type equipped with solar battery.    Frames (16,38,52,68)    Back faces (16a,38a,52a)    Joint portions (16b,38c,52c,68c)    Base (20)    Floor plate portions (20b,26b)
NOVELTY - The slate for the roof (1) and solar battery module (2) are of same thickness and equal in size. A specific area of the roof is covered with the battery module and the remaining area is covered with the slate reed.    USE - Solar battery roofs.    ADVANTAGE - Roof treatment by construction manufacturers are simple and easy to build without damaging the roof design and authenticity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the solar battery roof.    Roof (1)    Solar battery module (2)
NOVELTY - The machine has a fixed axle and a rotatable roller carrying the running track. The roller has U-shaped wheels at each end, with one wheel designed as a brushless electric motor.    USE - For electric running machine or training appliance.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a direct drive for an appliance which can dispense with belt or chain to provide low noise and vibration drive. Small wear and has longer working life. In the event of an electrical failure, the device can work as a mechanical machine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The direct drive for an electric running machine, has a fixed axle (2), which is fixed at the front side of the frame (11). A rotatable roller (3) carries along the running track (16). The roller (3) has a cavity (31), and at both ends is provided with a U shaped wheel (4). The roller has an opening directed outwards, the axle hole of which accepts a bearing (42). The inner wall is provided with several permanent magnets (43). The roller and the wheels rotate together around the fixed axle. Also included is an iron core (4), which can serve as a stator, and its windings (6) are fixed at a support (7), which has a connecting hole (71), and by a locking pin (21) positioned at the fixed axle. The iron core (5) and the winding (6) are located near to the inner region of the wall (4) and are coupled with the permanent magnets (43), so that a brushless motor (M) is formed. A mains part (8) has a plug (81) for connecting to an AC supply and is connected across a signal line (82) with the control panel on the frame (11). The current value of the winding (6) can control the rotation speed of the wheels (4) and the roller (3).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of the electric running machine.    Fixed axle (2)    Roller (3)    Wheels (4)    Frame (11)    Brushless motor (M)
NOVELTY - In a solar roof tile based on polymer cement concrete (I), with a photovoltaic module fixed to the water run-off surface, (I) contains not less than 70 wt.% solids in addition to the binder, including not less than 10 wt.% additive to increase the thermal conductivity and not less than 10 wt.% fire retardant.    USE - The product is a solar roof tile (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar tile is hardly flammable, has high mechanical strength and has better temperature properties with respect to the photovoltaic productivity than existing solar roof tiles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the solar tile.    Base (1)    Photovoltaic module (2)    Water grooves (3, 4)    Overlaps (5, 6)
NOVELTY - The solar vehicle roof has a closure element (14) for a roof opening with a main solar generator(24). The closure element can be moved between closed and open positions and has an additional element (32) with an additional solar generator (34) that can be coupled to the closure element in the open position so that the additional element adopts a working position for the generation of solar power on the vehicle exterior    USE - For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a very high yield of solar power to be obtained with manufacturing costs that are increased by a lower proportion without a solar generator inside the vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective representation of a vehicle with a solar roof with an additional panel deployed    closure element (14)    main solar generator (24)    additional element (32)    additional solar generator (34)    .
NOVELTY - The current generation circuit has a number of chains of solar cells (10-32) connected in series, with the bypass diodes (50,52,54,56,58,60), connected in parallel across each chain, connected in series with one another. Further diodes (64,66,68,70) are connected in parallel across each group of 2 or 3 series bypass diodes.    USE - The circuit is used for autonomous generation of an electrical current.    ADVANTAGE - The power loss resulting from the bypass diodes is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a circuit diagram of a solar cell current generation circuit.    Solar cells (10-32)    Bypass diodes (50,52,54,56,58,60)    Further diodes (64,66,68,70)
NOVELTY - Safety switch (47) is actuated by a safety plug-in (48) to control supply to main control loop (22). An isolation transformer powered by input terminal (20) having two portion connected to minor control loop (49) and safety system loop (23) which is further connected to sensor (45) which signals safety system loop (23) to stop power to motor (26) through main control loop (22), if there is malfunction.    USE - For control circuit of motor of electric jogging device to ensure the user safety.    ADVANTAGE - Greatly ensures the safety of the user during malfunction of local electronic parts and protect the motor during malfunctioning.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of motor control circuit.    Input terminal (20)    Main control loops (22,49)    Safety system loop (23)    Motor (26)    Sensor (45)    Safety switch (47)    Plug-in pin (48)
NOVELTY - Thin-film type silicon single crystal solar battery especially a kind of light-weighted and unbreakable thin-film type silicon single crystal solar battery which is to attach a sheet of thin, transparent and colourless plastic sheet or acrylic sheet on the glass with glue or bond and attach the silicon single crystal sheet on the plastic sheet or acrylic sheet; grinding and polishing the back of silicon single crystal and depositing a anti-reflection layer on it; attaching the silicon single crystal on the back with combination of glue sheet and glass plate; lastly, heating or immersing in solvent for the product of silicon single crystal and take off the glass so that the weight of product can be reduced and prevents the breakage of silicon single crystal solar battery by the plasticity of plastic sheet or acrylic sheet.
NOVELTY - The water turbine comprises movable vanes (1) which change direction to rotate turbine in fixed direction even when it receives a hydraulic pressure.    USE - As water turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Movable vanes enables to run turbine in fixed direction. Hence sliding performance of turbine is ensured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory plan of the vanes.    Vanes (1)
NOVELTY - A horizontal shaft water turbine (2) is installed among the upper portion tip downstream portion of a river ground-sill main portion. A generator (4) which is connected to the axis (3) of the turbine, rotatably drives the turbine, and hydroelectricity is generated corresponding to the rotational energy of the turbine.    USE - For secondary effective usage of river ground-sill for generating hydroelectricity.    ADVANTAGE - Since a fall energy is rather absorbed by water turbine rotation, shock of fall water opposing to river ground-sill is alleviated. Enables purification of river water. Helps to preserve earth environment by suppression of nuclear power, oil and coal thermal power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of hydroelectricity system.    Horizontal shaft water turbine (2)    Axis (3)    Generator (4)
NOVELTY - A delivery unit (51) absorbs and subsequently lets out a flexible substrate (1s) on which optoelectric transducers (1u) are formed. A measuring unit (52) reads the recorded marks on the substrate, then lets out a predetermined portion of the substrate. A pair of blades (33,34) then cuts the substrate according to the number of optoelectric transducers formed.    USE - For photoelectric conversion module.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures stable conveyance, heat-treating and curling of flexible substrate according to difference in film stress.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The resulting cut pieces of the substrate are then positioned to be coated with protective films via a normal feed zone (53), while the unnecessary cut portions of the substrate are collected by a recovery unit (54).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top, front sectional, and right-hand side surface sectional views of the manufacturing apparatus.    Flexible substrate (1s)    Optoelectric transducers (1u)    Blades (33,34)    Delivery unit (51)    Measuring unit (52)    Normal feed zone (53)    Recovery unit (54)
NOVELTY - The recovery system converts all forms of natural energy into a reasonably steady supply of electrical power at all times. The wind driven devices are double speed Savonius rotor electrical generators (46) with two rotors mounted adjacent to each other for contra-rotation about a common axis. Solar energy is recovered by arrays of photovoltaic cells (30) mounted on the roof (35) of the building. Water energy is recovered by an arrangement of drains and gutters (33,37) that collect rainwater which drives a water powered generator (40).    USE - For conversion of natural energy into usable mechanical or electrical energy    ADVANTAGE - Does not use gears or other mechanical speed increasing devices    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Front architectural view of energy recovery system    Photocells (30)    Gutters (33,37)    Roof (35)    Water generator (40)    Wind generators (46)
NOVELTY - The turbine (10) has multiple blades (32) and at least one of the blades has an integrally formed gas passage extending from a gas inlet aperture in the hub to the trailing edge of the blade. The installation has an oxygen containing gas source and a control system for regulating the flow of gas to be dissolved in the water. An electronic control system includes multiple sensors (810-818) to measure all operating parameters and transmit the data to a controller (820) that generates control signals as required    USE - To improve level of dissolved oxygen in discharge water from hydroelectric installation.    ADVANTAGE - Improves water quality to the benefit of the environment and all marine life    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - an independent claim is included for a method of increasing the oxygen level in downstream water    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Block diagram of turbine control system    Turbine assembly (10)    Blade (32)    Sensors (810- 818)    Controller (820)
NOVELTY - Mirror assemblies with mirror strips (14) are supported by insulating supports on electrically conductive base plate (12), with one edge of each strip adjacent to other edge extending away from base plate. The photovoltaic cell (24) secured to base plate between adjacent mirror assemblies with their edges contiguous with edges of adjacent mirror assemblies.    USE - Solar concentrator array used in space crafts for producing reliable electrical power over very long periods. Also used in terrestrial applications.    ADVANTAGE - Arrangement of mirrors in front of photovoltaic cell array provides shielding against electrons and protons coming in at off axis angles, and a grounded structure around the cell, limits electrical interaction. Since base structure supports the array and acts as heat radiator, separate radiator is not needed. Fewer and smaller photovoltaic cells improves efficiency, reduce weight and cost. Photovoltaic cells are shielded from electrical fields, electrostatic charge buildup, discharge and leakage current.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The continuous planar base plate is made of high thermal conductivity material. Photovoltaic cells each with transparent protective cover are wired together in a predetermined relationship by electrically conducting lines on base plate, and each cell is connected to lines by wires.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of solar concentrator array with two mirror assemblies.    Base plate (12)    Mirror strip (14)    Reflecting face (18)    Back surface (20)    Photovoltaic cell (24)
NOVELTY - A slide jointing portion (28) of a metal fitting (14) is attached to a projecting panel (15). Edge of a solar panel (30) is mounted to a horizontal mount (26) of the metal fitting. A pressure plate (32) is tightened against a higher order horizontal unit (24) of the fitting, using a screw (34). The solar panel is pressed by the horizontal mount and the fitting.    USE - For attaching decoration board, solar panel onto roof, outer wall.    ADVANTAGE - Enables attachment of decorative board and solar panel simply and firmly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A projecting panel (15) is laid on an exterior board (8) adjoined to a background material (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exterior explanatory drawing and sectional view of panel attachment structure.    Background material (4)    Exterior board (8)    Metal fitting (14)    Projecting panel (15)    Higher order horizontal unit (24)    Horizontal mount (26)    Slide jointing portion (28)    Solar panel (30)    Pressure plate (32)    Screw (34)
NOVELTY - Projections (5) are provided on back side of under tile base material. Seal material for antiskid function is stuck on the projection. A solar battery is installed in recess provided in surface side of the under tile base material.    USE - In roofing tile with solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents surface of solar battery from damage by installing solar battery in recess of the under tile base material. Eliminates need for providing wasteful shock absorbing material due to provision of the projections with antiskid seal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of roofing tile with solar battery.    Projections (5)
NOVELTY - The device comprises a lever (24) connected to a float comprising empty drums (26), and a support structure e.g. a pier (12) for supporting the lever and the float in pendulum fashion with the float suspended in the water of the river of sea. An steel cable is connected to the lever and to a generator (60) so that pivotal displacement of the lever between first and second positions causes the steel cable to reciprocate, providing reciprocating motion for driving the generator.    USE - For converting wave energy in river or sea into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - Can be constructed relatively easily and a low cost. By utilizing energy of water in a sea or river, electrical energy can be produced relatively cheaply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the device.    pier (12)    lever (24)    empty drums (26)    generator (60)
NOVELTY - Power transmission (8) of exercising machine is connected to generator (1). A controller (2) controls charging of capacitors (C) by output of a generator (1). The electrical energy stored in capacitors is extracted from output units (5,6) as AC or DC after suitable conversion.    USE - For storing electrical energy converted from kinetic energy obtained by operating exercising machine such as bicycle type exercising machine.    ADVANTAGE - Performs transformation of kinetic energy to electrical energy and also enables effective usage of energy. Displays power generation by detecting charging voltage of capacitors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the charging type physical strength training apparatus.    Generator (1)    Controller (2)    Output units (5,6)    Power transmission (8)    Capacitor (C)
NOVELTY - Plant has vertical shaft that mounts rods with blades arranged perpendicular and diametrically and spaced apart through equal angles as well as device that guides energy flow of moving medium. Blades of each pair are hinged along rods for their relative opening though 0 to 180 deg. by means of control rods. The latter are limited by spherical hinges and joined with slide blocks mounted on rods; they are also joined by means of forks with end surfaces of energy flow guide cylinder eccentrically attached through bearings to vertical shaft.    USE - Electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified design, enlarged functional capabilities. 3 cl, 2 dwg
NOVELTY - Solar battery element has transparent electrically conductive film (8) on both front and back surface. A collector pole is formed on one side of battery element by screen printing. The collector pole has connection line (5b) that crosses orthogonally or inclines at 40-70degrees with bus bar (5a).    USE - In e.g. double sided irradiation type solar battery element.    ADVANTAGE - Without reducing squeegee speed, the collector pole is formed without a printing blur.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of solar battery element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of manufacturing method of solar battery element.    Bus bar (5a)    Connection line (5b)    Electrically conductive film (8)
NOVELTY - A plated layer (5) with a transparent substrate (4), functioning as photovoltaic cell is formed on a conductor base (6). A convex projection (3) is formed on the substrate, using screen-printing. A surface coloring layer (12) is formed using a ceramic based coloring ink on the partial side peripheral surface (11). The remaining portion of side peripheral surface is exposed with transparency.    USE - For solar electric power generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents direct reflection of light from surface, reduces reflecting rate of light receiving surface and thereby improves efficiency of photoelectric conversion process, even during prolonged exposure on outdoors. Offers inexpensive and stable solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of principal components.    Convex shaped projection (3)    Transparent substrate (4)    Plated layer (5)    Conductor base (6)    Partial side peripheral surface (11)    Surface coloring layer (12)
NOVELTY - The electrode layers (302,304), semiconductor layer (303) and substrate (301) are layered to form a photovoltaic cell (300) which is immersed on electrolyte. The reduction material (306) consisting of metal is removed from electrode layer (304) by passing electrolytic solution (309) on electrode layer (304). The defective portion in electrode layer (304) is detected.    USE - For e.g. solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Characteristic and reliability of photovoltaic cell are improved. Reduces leakage current resulting from the defective portions such as pin hole in photovoltaic cell. Removes short circuit current path due to the defect.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of an apparatus performing reduction process of metal in photovoltaic cell.    Photovoltaic cell (300)    Substrate (301)    Electrode layers (302,304)    Semiconductor layer (303)    Reduction material (306)    Electrolytic solution (309)
NOVELTY - The hydraulic machine has a generator (30) or a generator motor which has a runner (5) with some runner blades (5) between a runner crown (39) and a runner band (38). The rotor (11) of the generator or generator motor rotates by the turning effort of the runner. The direct coupling of rotor is performed without minding the connection shaft behind the runner crown.    USE - For transmitting the turning effort of a runner to a rotor in a francis type hydraulic machine such as an electricity generation water vehicle and a pump turbine    ADVANTAGE - The miniaturization of installation space and the shortening of construction time necessary for completion can be achieved in addition to a reduction in construction cost since the generator and the water turbine are integrated by performing the direct coupling of the generator or the generator motor rotor behind the runner crown without minding the connection shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross sectional view showing the schematic composition of a hydraulic machine which contains a vertical shaft water turbine.    Runner (5)    Runner blade (5a)    Rotor (11)    Generator (30)    Runner band (38)    Runner crown (39)
NOVELTY - The draft tube (8) has an U-shaped pipeline (27) connected to a lower pond side from a convex pipeline (30) which is curved upwards from a runnner chamber (13) which encloses the runner (5) of a pump turbine (16). The pipeline upper wall part (32) of the U shaped pipeline is set at a lower position from the pipeline lower wall part (31) of the convex pipeline.    USE - For connecting the runner chamber of a vertical shaft pump turbine such as a francis type pump water turbine to a lower pond side    ADVANTAGE - Compressed air can be injected to a draft tube and space can be secured to the surroundings of a runner since the upper wall part of a U shaped pipeline which makes pressure water flow out to the downstream side from the runner is set at a lower position from the lower wall part of the convex pipeline which is connected to the runner chamber. The energy loss at the time of starting the pump turbine can be avoided since the entry to the pumping mode can be performed by the slip of the runner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A penstock (26) is connected to the runner. The vane of the runner is turned crown down and rotatably pivoted to the upper end of a main shaft (9) which rotates the rotor (11) of a generator motor (14) Mounted underneath the pump turbine. The runner vane is enclosed between a vertical pair of covers (6,7) which constitute the runner chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross sectional view showing the structure of a vertical shaft pump turbine.    Runner (5)    Lower cover (6)    Upper cover (7)    Draft tube (8)    Main shaft (9)    Rotor (11)    Runner chamber (13)    Generator motor (14)    Pump turbine (16)    Penstock (26)    U shaped pipeline (27)    Convex pipeline (30)    Pipeline lower wall part (31)    Pipeline upper wall part (32)
NOVELTY - A rotor (20) with grooves (21) formed in outer circumferential surface, is rotatably set in airtight or watertight housing (10) with it's rotation centre attached to one end of rotor shaft (25) which protrudes outside housing. At least one nozzle (30) which injects fluid to grooves is set perpendicular to the rotor shaft on one side of the housing while an exhaust outlet (40) is formed on the other side.    USE - For rotating a rotor by using the pressure of a fluid such as water, air and a gas other than water and air to obtain a rotation output for electricity generation    ADVANTAGE - The kinetic energy of a fluid can be converted into a rotatary motion of a rotor and a rotor shaft efficiently by injecting the fluid to the circumferential grooves of the rotor from at least one nozzle set perpendicular to the rotor shaft on one side of the rotor housing while providing an exhaust outlet on the other side. The rotational speed and the rotation torque of the rotor shaft can be set very large. A size reduction or a size enlargement can be simply performed. The application can be extended to industrial equipments which handle fluids like water and air. Sufficient output to operate various load equipments can be obtained from fluid pressure of a watercourse, etc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the side view of a fluid pressure motor.    Housing (10)    Rotor (20)    Groove (21)    Rotor shaft (25)    Nozzle (30)    Outlet (40)
NOVELTY - Method depends on using optimal mechanism of vane movement at angles of attack exceeding critical values; vane is placed in fluid at angle of attack in direction of fluid motion so that it suffers hydrodynamic forces which mechanically displace it across fluid motion ; in order to change direction of vane motion, adjusted angle of attack is reversed; during translational motion of vane, adjusted angle of attack is maintained constant by varying angle between vane chord and fluid motion direction; plant implementing this method has fixed mount loosely coupled with beam carrying at least one vane hinged to it and provided with angle-of-attack adjuster made in the form of wing-shaped member incorporating its own actuator to control its angular position relative to vane; beam is coupled with unit converting reciprocal motion of vane to other kinds of energy; center line of beam-to-vane hinged joint is approximately at distance of 0 to one third of vane chord; wing- shaped member pro per is mounted beyond zone of fluid flow around vane.    USE - Alternative electrical and mechanical energy supplies for hydraulic and wind-power engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Improved efficiency of conversion of fluid kinetic energy to other kinds of energy.
NOVELTY - Draft tube has runner case, cone, and outlet diffuser. Arranged above the latter is additional bypass space communicating with outlet diffuser through intermediate tubes which are staggered as viewed from top and placed between additional bypass space and straight section of upper region of outlet diffuser. Exit part of outlet diffuser top is made in the form of curvilinear section. Downstream water is passed under the action of pressure drop through additional bypass space to upper region of outlet diffuser which reduces separation of upper water from draft tube top and decreases pressure fluctuations.    USE - Hydroelectric and pumped storage plants.    ADVANTAGE - Improved reliability and service life of draft tube. 2 dwg
NOVELTY - Solar battery cells (14) are arranged on surface in flexible sheet in matrix form, and power supply cord (20) is drawn from the sheet.    USE - For radio cassette tape recorder, mini disc, compact disc players.    ADVANTAGE - Excels in portability, due to its lightweight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows conceptual diagram of sheet-like auxiliary power supply.    Solar battery cell (14)    Power supply cord (20)
NOVELTY - An inverter (5) converts DC electric power from a secondary battery (7) to AC electric power which is output to an AC output end. The inverter also converts AC electric power from a mains power supply (S) to DC electric power to charge the secondary battery. A system link protective device (21) connects the AC output end of the inverter to an AC load (17) and the mains power supply.    USE - For e.g. isolated village, isolated island.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents adverse influence to mains power supply with the provision of a system link protective device. Charges secondary battery automatically when voltage of mains power supply becomes higher than target voltage. Compensates for insufficiency in electric power automatically when voltage of mains power supply reduces, with power from secondary battery. Fills up voltage reduction in secondary battery during electricity generation, thus using energy effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the circuit diagram of the auxiliary power supply.    Inverter (5)    Secondary battery (7)    AC load (17)    System link protective device (21)    Mains power supply (S)
NOVELTY - A connection system is used to connect an electric power transformer to a waveform converter in parallel. The waveform converter is used to convert the waveform of the electric power output from the electric power transformer to the electric power waveform of a main power supply.    USE - For solar battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates causing any bad influence to the main power supply even when the waveform of the solar battery electricity generation system is overlapped on the waveform of the main power supply. Reduces manufacturing cost since circuit component is simplified. Enables protecting the main power supply at the time of abnormality of the solar battery electricity generation system. Enables effective use of energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electric power transformer performs the transformation of the power generated by a solar cell module to a commercial source voltage electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the solar battery electricity generation system.
NOVELTY - A calculation unit computes for the desired input voltage value based on the input voltage of an electric power converting circuit detected by a reference voltage detector. A control circuit (62) controls the electric power converting circuit to make the input voltage from a group of solar cells (4) in accord with the desired input voltage value.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Enables maximum appearance force control by monitoring only input voltage from group of solar cells and performing comparatively simple arithmetic processing. Enables maximum output of DC or AC electric power to be obtained when using DC to DC converter and DC to AC converter, respectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the circuit diagram of the electricity generation portion of the solar battery electricity generation module.    Solar cell (4)    Control circuit (62)
NOVELTY - The system converts DC power from the solar batteries (1) to AC power which is supplied to a commercial electric power system. A controller (5) detects the electric supply condition of the inverters (4) that operate in parallel, as well as the condition of the commercial electric power system, and gives a parallel operation control signal to each inverter.    USE - For inverters used for solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Saves labor by preventing incorrect set-up. Enables cost of entire system to be lowered and high reliability to be attained. Simplifies connection of electric system. Simplifies modification of number of inverter juxtapositions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the block diagram showing the conception components of the parallel operation system of inverters for solar power generation.    Solar battery (1)    Inverter (4)    Controller (5)
NOVELTY - The method uses information supplied to a heart rate measuring arrangement to form several heart rate limit alarm pairs of upper and lower limits, and time information on the limit pair indicating a time period during which an alarm pair is effective during the exercise. An individual limit between the pairs is used for a recovery limit indicating that the rate is being restored at the lower value.    USE - As a non-invasive heart-rate measuring method.    ADVANTAGE - Extends the limits of existing heart rate alarms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the method with successive heart rate limit alarm pairs.
NOVELTY - A force-training device has at least two training places through the alternative operation of which electrical energy is extracted which is fed into a network for the supply of working loads with voltage. The elements of each training place into which movement energy is initiated are connected mechanically together under one another and are located in working fashion upon a common generator. The device has an element converting the movement processes initiated by each training person into a rotary movement. The element converting the movement processes into a rotary movement is coupled with a free wheel. The generator is a linear generator.    USE - For improving muscle states.    ADVANTAGE - An unevenness of the generated voltage resulting from a constantly changing movement energy is relativized so that the stability of an extracted voltage is increased, enabling improvement in the efficiency of extraction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - No drawings are supplied.
The present invention relates to a piston type hydroelectric generator, and is characterized by that said invention uses piston to replace the water-turbine blade, the water consumption of the pistonis less, and the water pressure is in the closed container, and can be perpendicularly act on piston, so that it does not waste water, and can make more than 90% of water apply work and raise its power, but said invention has need of mounting small piston in large piston, and has need of mounting pushing rod, large gear and small gear, etc. to overcome the power loss dut to the reciprocating motion of large piston and can meet the requirements for rotating speed of power generator, and its power can be raised by about 1.4 times.
NOVELTY - A distributing valve (10) sets up a guide blade closing velocity when a guide blade opening detector (11) detects the opening of a guide blade in the flow path of water in a water turbine. The solenoid valves (2,3) regulate the axial direction amount of movement of the distributing valve, and hold a port position at the time of power loss.    USE - For hydroelectric power station.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents water-hammer phenomenon which can adversely influence power station operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the systematic diagram of the water turbine control apparatus.    Solenoid valve (2,3)    Distributing valve (10)    Guide blade opening detector (11)
NOVELTY - A cooler (11) cools the lubricating oil of a bearing which supports a rotary shaft. A lubrication oil circuit (92) circulates the lubricating oil. An electrically operated air blower (12) removes the heat from cooling air (19) which is supplied to the cooler.    USE - For vertical shaft type rotating electrical machines.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for water cooling type heat removal group, thus reducing manufacturing cost and size.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the side view of the bearing cooling system for vertical shaft type rotating electrical machines.    Cooler (11)    Air blower (12)    Cooling air (19)    Lubrication oil circuit (92)
NOVELTY - Depth of turbine in water is sensed, based on which an ascend or descend protocol is invoked. The invoked protocol lifts the turbine to a preset depth between set maximum and minimum levels, by initiating the lift adjusting mechanism of hydrofoil.    USE - For controlling the tethered, water current driven turbine of hydroelectric power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Since depth of turbine is stabilized, power generation is maximized upto the peak operating efficiency of the generator, consistent with water current speed. Improves safety during shutdown, as the pitch of rotor blades is adjusted such that drag force loading of device does not exceed maximum design level.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The turbine is maintained in the operating depth between set maximum and minimum levels, which results in an initial positive buoyancy sufficient for maintaining the turbine in a preset depth opposing the water current. During complete shutdown, a shutdown command is given for adjusting the pitch of rotor blades which reduces the dragging force and velocity within safer limits, thereby bringing the turbine to the surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the underwater power generating device.
An efficient solar battery is composed of emitting area and base area. Said emitting area is divided into contact and non-contact zones. Said contact zone has metal electrode in it. It features that the doping concentration is 8-30 ohms/ for contact zone and 80-500 ohms/ for non-contact zone. The selective doping method for the emitting area can make both zones reach optimal values.
NOVELTY - Each foil (5) is attached with the upper part of its shaft (6) to a rotational,discoidal supporting structure (3) connected to turbines main shaft (2). They are independent and parallel to main shaft and equipped with a motor (8) used to pivot foil around shaft. The main surface of the foil is relative and absolute to the direction of flowing medium.    USE - For generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - It suitable for production of electricity from flowing water of relatively low speed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of producing electric energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic perspective drawing showing a four foiled vertical shaft turbine.    Main Shaft (2)    Structure (3)    Foil (5)    Foil Shaft (6)    Motor (8)
NOVELTY - An array of photovoltaic cells comprises a semi-insulating substrate; independent photovoltaic cells containing doped semiconductor material where the first photovoltaic cell has an n side of an n-p junction or p-n junction interconnected to a p side of an n-p junction or p-n junction of a second photovoltaic cell; and a reflective coating on the substrate between the photovoltaic cells.    USE - For explosive detonators, accelerators, photo cathodes, and medical appliances.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides a wireless system that feeds a low voltage laser energy source through optic fiber, casts the uniform beam profile upon the photovoltaic cell array, and prevents stray electrical signals prior to use of the high voltage current from the array.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (a) A system for increasing a low voltage optical energy source to high voltage electrical energy comprising a source of laser energy; an optical homogenizer; transmitter for transmitting the laser energy to the optical homogenizer; and an array of independent photovoltaic cells as above; and (b) a method for converting low voltage laser power to high voltage photovoltaic power comprising transmitting laser energy through a fiber optic to an optical homogenizer; and illuminating a uniform laser beam from the optical homogenizer into an array of independent photovoltaic cells arranged in series on a semi-insulating substrate as above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system including an optical fiber transmitting a laser and illuminated on an array of photovoltaic cells.    Laser source (2)    Optical homogenizer (4)    Optical cable (6)    Array (12)
NOVELTY - A transmission light collecting structure extending in nominal light source direction has wave like structure with acute angle between two consecutive surfaces. A solar panel (112) with flat solar cells and active surfaces (116) is attached to each surface of collecting structure. A solar energy collection surface is formed on light collecting structure which refracts received light to the solar cells.    USE - For receiving solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - Provides greater energy output for a given surface area due to zig zag light receiving surface. Efficiently collects solar energy and redirects to solar panels due to provision of the optic medium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective side elevational view of the photovoltaic array.    Solar panel (112)    Active surfaces (116)
NOVELTY - The emitter region (242) of vertical bipolar transistor (244) which uses reverse base current effect to store data, is formed within one of source-drain regions (232) of the field effect transistor (FET). The emitter region is self aligned with the minimum dimension isolation region adjacent to memory cell and is coupled to ground line (230).    USE - For electronic system e.g. processor based computer.    ADVANTAGE - Since the emitter of the bipolar transistor is self aligned with minimum dimension isolation region, the size of memory cell is reduced approximately to six feature squares, thus the cell uses small surface area on the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A portion of the source-drain region of the field effect transistor which has its source-drain and gate coupled to wordline, serves as the base of the bipolar junction transistor (228). The n-well (204) in which the memory cell is formed, forms the collector of the bipolar junction transistor. Spacers (240) are formed adjacent to the ground line (230).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of a portion of memory area.    N-well (204)    Bipolar junction transistor (228)    Ground line (230)    Source-drain regions (232)    Spacer (240)    Emitter region (242)    Bipolar transistor (244)
NOVELTY - A photoemissive semiconductor wafer (11) has a peripheral surface extending between two opposing surfaces constituting a planar emission surface. Contacts are respectively disposed on peripheral and emission surface of the wafer. The contacts enable potential difference to be applied across the wafer, to facilitate emission of photogenerated carriers from the emission surface.    USE - For use in image intensifier of night vision device.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids the problem of carrier emission in the cathode device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AlGaAs window layer (12) is formed on a GaAs layer (14). A ramp layer (16) is formed below the GaAs layer. A buffer layer (18) defining emission surface of the cathode device, is formed below the ramp layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the cathode device.    Photoemissive semiconductor wafer (11)    AlGaAs window layer (12)    GaAs layer (14)    Ramp layer (16)    Buffer layer (18)
NOVELTY - A photodetector is operatively coupled to a reset device. A comparator (54) is triggered when the photodetector potential reaches a threshold level. The photodetector is reset based on the output of comparator.    USE - In mega-pixel digital still camera.    ADVANTAGE - Since a counter is not integrated in the pixel, the pixel can be made small. The dynamic range of the pixel sensor can be extended.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the pixel architectures.    Comparator (54)
NOVELTY - A light shield (162) covers a portion of substrate (110) including one terminal of transfer switch, that is connected to gate terminal of capacitive storage element. A minority carrier rejection element is provided on substrate to prevent all minority carriers generated in substrate from entering the terminal of transfer switch covered by light shield.    USE - For still camera applications.    ADVANTAGE - Improves film switching speed and capability without increasing layout area of imaging array significantly by preventing all photons from entering a portion substrate, since light shield is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The input of an amplifier is connected to gate terminal of capacitive storage element. One terminal of transfer switch is also connected to gate terminal of capacitive storage element, where another terminal of transfer switch is connected to cathode of photodiode. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of storage pixel sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows layout and cross sectional views of NMOS switch implementation of storage pixel sensor circuit.    Substrate (110)    Light shield (162)
NOVELTY - The machine comprises a number of exercise terminals (104a) connected to a system control computer (201) via a communication link (106). The computer determines the use or non-use states of the exercise terminals for an exercise and connects to successive different set of exercise terminals which the exerciser should follow after the completion and the current exercise terminal.    USE - For exercise terminal network for long term training or rehabilitation program.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the exerciser to periodically update his or her profile data in the database using one of the exerciser data input terminals connected in exercise terminal network. The input terminal includes for example a device for measuring some physiological parameter such as weight, pulse rate, blood pressure, etc., which is stored in the computer and used to determine the effect of washout on the exerciser and to select exercise data for future washout.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The data indicative of the next exercise terminal comprises location data indicative of the physical location of the next exercise terminal. The system includes an interface (202), ROM (203), RAM (205), display (206), Keypad (207) one or more speakers (208), a clock oscillator (209) an optimal pulse monitor (210) and optimal input-output port (211). A portable memory module (212) is provided for transferring data to or from ROM.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of control system of stationary bicycle.    Exercise terminal (104a)    Communication link (106)    System control computer (201)    interface (202)    ROM (203)    RAM (205)    Display (206)    Keypad (207)    Speakers (208)    Clock oscillator (209)    Optimal pulse monitor (210)    Optimal input-output port (211)    Memory module (212)
NOVELTY - Plant has water intake duct installed in stream at river bank, its cross-sectional area reducing along flow; this duct is connected to rectangular-section water conduit assembled of unified working parts. Side walls of these parts have closed holes receiving running blades of vertical axial-flow encapsulated hydraulic-turbine generators placed in barrels with working chambers mounted on mobile platforms displacing over supporting stages attached to working parts. All components of power plant may be mounted on river bottom downstream of lower level of freeze-up elevation which makes it possible to use this plant in freezing water reservoirs. Water intake duct may be mounted to face waves moving towards bank and water conduit may be arranged along bank line which provides for converting energy of waves moving towards bank of water reservoir.    USE - Conversion of river-water and wave energy into electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Improved power capacity and operating reliability of plant.
NOVELTY - A radiation sensitive layer (3) consists of sublayers (3a-3c). A surface electrode (4) and a carrier collection electrode (5) are provided on the front and back surface of the layer (3) respectively. Internal electrodes (6a-6d) are arranged inside the layer (3). A controller (2) controls the bias voltage applied to each electrode, so that carriers in the each sublayer is activated by the electric field.    USE - For medical X-ray diagnosis system.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures applying sufficient bias voltage to sensitive layer by varying the bias voltage relevant to carrier activation strength.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial sectional view of radiation detector with controller.    Voltage controller (2)    Radiation sensitive layer (3)    Sublayers (3a-3c)    Surface electrode (4)    Carrier collection electrode (5)    Internal electrodes (6a-6d)
NOVELTY - The sealing material (5) seals the top surface (1) and bottom surface (2) of battery (3). The thickness of sealing material is 1.8 mm or more.    USE - For solar power generation in building for supplying power to domestic electrical equipments.    ADVANTAGE - The sealing material is heat resistant and prevents external leakage of resin. Therefore the module is installed directly on roof lining board without substrates and hence cost reduction of solar power generation and improvement in roof strength are achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of solar battery module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of component of solar battery module.    Top surface (1)    Bottom surface (2)    Battery (3)    Sealing material (5)
NOVELTY - The generator has a housing (2) accommodating several radiation sources (3a to 3e) which are wide-band, non-selective sources that emit both short and long wavelength radiation. The sources may be fuel-based emitters. In the spaces between the emitters, photocells (7a to 7d) are arranged. The photocells are enclosed by a cooling device (8a to 8d) to prevent overheating. The photocells are transparent, so that radiation that is not absorbed passes through the photocells to a further fuel-based emitter. The photocells thus filter the required wavelengths themselves.    USE - For electric current generation.    ADVANTAGE - Radiation not absorbed in the semiconductor material of the first photocell is not wasted, but is absorbed by a further radiation source. More efficient, and requires less cooling. Non-selective radiation sources can be used.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a section through a generator.    Radiation sources (3a to 3e)    Photocells (7a to 7d)    Cooling device (8a to 8d)
NOVELTY - A stand (1) includes an adjustable device (4) for solar modules (2) and a link with a vapor barrier (3). The adjustable device for the solar modules in the stand has a control depending on wind load stressing that reduces wind load stressing by altering its adjustment. A link between the flat roof vapor barrier and the stand is created by means of magnetic force fields from permanent magnets.    USE - In solar energy applications.    ADVANTAGE - This device allows adjustment to solar modules on flat roofs with a low, acceptable roof load.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a working example of the stand.    Stand (1)    Adjustable device (4)    Solar module (2)    Vapor barrier (3)
NOVELTY - The method involves the buoyancy body being lifted by the liquid (4), remaining at the top dead center, and is taken over by the following buoyancy body or holding down device (22), and slides or rolls on a sloping plane in the air section. The transfer of the buoyancy body from the air section (13) to the liquid section (12) in the lower region results automatically, with the respective buoyancy body being introduced in a drawer (46). This drawer is pushed from the air section into the liquid section, with the help of a carriage (45). The drawer with the buoyancy body (3) is filled with liquid. The liquid volume as a whole, and the liquid circuit, are operated as a closed system.    USE - For liquid operated power plants driven as water mills or by turbines.    ADVANTAGE - Buoyancy and gravity forces are used for carrying out the method to generate power, to attain a power producing system which is as economic as possible, and to save energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of a unit for carrying out the method, with conversion of buoyancy and gravity forces into torques at the main shaft, for driving a generator    Energy converters (1,2)    Buoyancy body (3)    Liquid (4)    Main shaft (5)    Generator (7)    Duct filled with liquid (12)    Duct without liquid (13)    Holding down device (22)
NOVELTY - Cover material for solar cell is formed by laminating for integration transparent, high-moisture-proof film and transparent, high-light-fastness film of excellent UV resistance.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - A transparent film combining a moisture-proof feature with a light-fast feature can reduce the weight of the solar cell and improve its shock-resistance and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar cell cover material (11) is formed by laminating for integration a transparent, high-moisture-proof film (12) and a transparent, high-light-fastness film (13) having excellent ultraviolet resistance. A solar cell cover material is formed by laminating for integration a transparent, high-moisture-proof film and a transparent, high-light-fastness film with an adhesive containing an ultraviolet absorber. A solar cell cover material is formed by laminating for integration a transparent, high-moisture-proof film and a transparent, high-light-fastness film with an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin adhesive containing an ultraviolet absorber and a crosslinking agent. A solar cell cover material comprises a high-light-fastness, high-moisture-proof, transparent film prepared by forming an inorganic oxide coating film on the front surface of a transparent base material film blended with an ultraviolet absorber. A solar cell cover material/sealing film is formed by laminating for integration the cover film and an EVA film. A solar cell is formed by sealing solar cell elements between the cover material and a rear-surface-side protection member.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - solar cell cover material (11)    high-moisture-proof film (12)    high-light-fastness film (13)
NOVELTY - The concentrator comprises two hinged sections, each comprising cell, radiator and reflector panels (332,320,310). The cell panel comprises a photovoltaic cell for generating electrical power in response to radiation. The cell panel is aligned with the radiator panel at an angle less than 180 degrees but not less than 90 degrees facing the reflective concentrator panel.    USE - To power spacecraft.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement of alternating angles of cell panel edges, facilitates the folding of the panels during pre-deployment and reduces stowed envelope volume. As the radiator panel is flat, the construction of the photovoltaic concentrator is simplified and the overall cost is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reflective concentrator panel (310) is shaped to reflect and concentrate radiation to the solar cells. The photovoltaic cells are gallium arsenide multi-junction cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a deployable curved reflector.    Reflector panel (310)    Radiator panel (320)    Cell panel (332)
NOVELTY - The solar panel has auxiliary panels (5) formed in triangular shape and main panels (4) formed in rectangular shape. The auxiliary panel has oblique side extended along the hip (1A) and multiple array is formed along the hip. Multiple array of the main panels is formed at the remaining portion of the roof surface.    USE - For the roof on which a solar battery is arranged in multiple arrays.    ADVANTAGE - The main panel and auxiliary panel form waterproof surface on the roof foundation material and prevent leakage of rain water. Dead space of the roof in which the panel is not installed is eliminated. Provides a favorable exterior appearance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the roof with solar battery.    Hip of roof (1A)    Main panel (4)    Auxiliary panel (5)
NOVELTY - The clamp plate (1) utilizes the roof sheathing (4) and the roof tile (2) and fixes the solar electrical power generation device.    USE - For fixing a solar power generating device to the roof of a residence.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates drilling holes in tile and leaks due to rain. In expensive Japanese type file, flat plate tile are usable. Eliminates fear of damage to tiles at the time of clamping the plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the roof installation with the clamp plate.    Clamping plate (1)    Roofing tile (2)    Roof sheathing (4)
NOVELTY - Lamp has cylindrical watertight casing (1) with film of solar cells (2) on cylindrical surface. Lens (4) is fixed to both the ends of lamp structure. The control circuits supply power from solar cells on detection of darkness by an optical sensor (3).    USE - For roads.    ADVANTAGE - Increases visibility of road by glowing in darkness as detected by optical sensor and enables usage of solar power by thin film of solar cells provided over cylindrical surface of casing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of solar lamp.    Casing (1)    Solar cells (2)    Optical sensor (3)
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic solar cell (1a) has a front piece (2a) and back piece (3a) joined in a manner which allows for their separation and recycling with avoidance of environmental contamination. A wire (10) is connected between an external terminal and the cell. The construction does not involve encapsulation of the solar cell unit, but waterproofing is provided. Use of a thermoplastic organic resin for the back piece allows for its reuse and recycling following classification and a heating process. The cell and the transparent front piece are held in close contact to avoid light reflection at their interface and to prevent condensation forming between them. This enables the desirable use of crystalline silicon semiconductor.    USE - Provides an improved and more environmentally friendly photovoltaic solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The module design has regard for ecology by considerations of separating the components and recycling with avoidance of environmental contamination.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic views of one solar cell.    Photovoltaic solar cell (1a)    Front piece (2a)    Back piece (3a)    Wire (10)
NOVELTY - The sensor includes at least one contact area (1) which can be contacted by hand, as well as electric connection devices, and a carrier element (2) which is shaped like a part of a cylindrical shell. The carrier element carries the contact area at its upper side, and is equipped with at least one groove (3) to hold the electric connection devices. The carrier element preferably includes elastic webs (4,5) at its side for releasable attachment to a tube.    USE - E.g. for training or sports instrument. Can be mounted on step exerciser, exercise bicycle or running band.    ADVANTAGE - Provides simple design, simple and reliable use, and simplified assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an arrangement according to the invention.    contact area (1)    carrier element (2)    end slots (7,8)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a large horizontal ring frame (1) set at waist level with an inner ring (10) rotating on rollers (11). A cord (13) going round this ring passes over the roller drive of a brake mechanism (4). The small ring (9) touches the inside of the big ring at one point, and is also braced to it by a strut (12).    USE - For exercising back and stomach muscles.    ADVANTAGE - Simple apparatus giving loading for exercise by using brake.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of the exercise apparatus.    Ring frame (1)    Brake mechanism (4)    Small ring encircling user's waist (9)    Rotating ring inside large ring (10)    Support rollers (11)    Strut (12)    Cord (13)
NOVELTY - The waste heat removal device has a waste heat collector with contact paths (4-8) through which a cooling medium is circulated, provided with connectors (11,12) for coupling to the waste heat collectors of other lighting units, to provide a series waste heat collector circuit, coupled to a load, e.g. a heat pump, for recovery and/or utilization of the waste heat.    USE - Removing waste heat generated during operation of a lighting unit, e.g. a ceiling lighting unit with fluorescent or incandescent light sources.    ADVANTAGE - The device allows recovery and/or utilization of the waste heat.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a waste heat collector for a ceiling light fitting.    Contact paths (4-8)    Connectors (11,12)
NOVELTY - The self spotting assembly comprises a frame assembly (32) upon which are mounted support booms (54) that are pivotally mounted to a back support (46). This enables the distance of the booms to be varied. Cables run over the support booms and are connected to a motorized winch assembly that is connected through clutch assembly. The weight is mounted to the cables and winched to the desired spot height. Solenoids selectively actuate the clutch assembly to lock the weight in the desired position.    USE - Self spotting assembly for freeweight exercise routines with barbells and dumbbells.    ADVANTAGE - The frame can be used with barbells and dumbbells. The system provides a winching capability for the weights and a lockout facility at the spot height thus enabling a person to utilize heavy freeweights without the need for spotters.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the frame assembly    Frame (32)    Support booms (54)
NOVELTY - A cylindrical base chamber (38) with inflow duct (66) integrally formed at its upper end, has outwardly flared flume ring (72) attached to its outlet. Arcuately spaced turbine blades (80) have inner edge (86) following a helical path around a turbine shaft (78), parabolic upper edge (84), straight lower edge (90) and outer edge (95) shaped corresponded with inner surface of flared outlet flume ring (72).    USE - For hydroelectric generator.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces residual kinetic energy loss and improves generation efficiency as vertical outflow through the lower end of flume ring is caused. Minimizes cost as expensive draft tubes is not used. The water quality impairment of land water tank water is improved, as better aeration and mixing is caused by the blade shape and flume ring, as the water is discharged.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The inlet duct (66) is connected to the bottom of retaining dam (18) so as to receive water at a predetermined positive head pressure. The turbine shaft (78) is supported by the upper end of a needle valve shaft (54) which is supported at the base of the chamber (38). The needle valve block (56) is arranged slidable around the valve shaft (54) to control the flow of water through the chamber (38) and rotate the turbine as exists through the flared flume ring of the parabolic upper edge of the turbine blades are partially submerged under the water level of tail water tank (14).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a partial sectional view drawing of turbine showing the upper portion.    Tail water tank (14)    Base chamber (38)    Needle valve shaft (54)    Inflow duet (66)    Flume ring (72)    Turbine shaft (78)    Turbine blade (80)    Inner edge (86)    Parabolic upper edge of blade (94)    Outer edge of blade (95)
NOVELTY - Electromagnetic drive includes switching-on electromagnet which pusher is mounted for interaction with roller of link mechanism and switching-off electromagnet. Windings of electromagnets are connected to power supply source through keys. Key of switching-on electromagnet is semiconductor fully controllable key, cut-off lead of key is linked to one of leads-out of switching-off unit, the other lead of it is connected to commutator of switching-off electromagnet. Link mechanism is four-bar linkage which cut-off links are set in dead center while switch is on and their further movement is limited by adjustable rest. Another variant of electromagnetic drive has switching-on electromagnet which pusher is mounted for interaction with roller of link mechanism and switching-off electromagnet which roller is mounted for interaction with cut-off latch. Winding of switching-on electromagnet is connected via key to power supply source and winding of switching-off electromagnet is connected to instrument current transformer. Key of switching-on electromagnet is semiconductor fully controllable key whose cut-off lead is connected to lead-out of switching-off unit. Link mechanism is four-bar linkage which cut-off links stop short of dead center while switched on and their further movement is limited by adjustable rest.    USE - Electrical engineering, switching of power networks.    ADVANTAGE - Increased reliability and speed of response of electromagnetic drive. 6 cl, 3 deg
NOVELTY - A collector (42) for absorbing an infrared ray, condenses the light, with predetermined wavelength not useful for electric power generation of a solar power generation panel (41), and irradiates that light to another solar power generation panel (43). The panels respectively produces electric power from the received solar light.    USE - For amorphous silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents temperature rise of solar power generation panel to perform efficient electric power generation with improved energy utilization factor. Increases gain output per unit area and reduces number of sheet of panel to reduce cost of panel installation and construction cost. Obtains cost effective and compact electric power generator. Shortens distance of light passing through the solar battery from the glass, thus loss of light is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and sectional view for explaining the solar power generation system.    Solar power generation panel (41)    Collector (42)    Solar power generation panel (43)
NOVELTY - Thin film (11) with Group III and Group VI elements is formed on a base material (10). The temperature of base material is maintained below 600degreesC. Thin film (12) including Cu and Group IV element, is formed on base material (10). The formation of film (12) is completed before atomic number of Cu increases more than that of Group III element.    USE - For manufacturing compound semiconductor thin film used in solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains good semiconductor thin film, without increasing the temperature of substrate. Manufactures solar battery with high reliability and high yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process diagram of manufacturing method of compound semiconductor thin film.    Base material (10)    Thin films (11,12)
NOVELTY - A pair of tongue-shaped claws (80,81) is fitted to a groove (71) of a nut (40), a projection (70) of the nut contacts the edge of a pipe, when the nut is inserted to the pipe during fastening operation of the nut to pipe.    USE - For linear actuator for condensing tracking type electric power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies fastening process without using screw by caulking the inner and outer cylinders.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a linear actuator;    (b) and condensing tracking type electrical power generating device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the inner cylinder of linear actuator used for condensing tracking type electric power generator.    Nut (40)    Projection (70)    Groove (71)    Claws (80,81)
NOVELTY - Multiple pieces of supporting rails (14-14B) are divided for every pieces of roof panels (12A,12B). A supporting joint (15), provided to the boundary of the roof panel, attaches a solar panel to the supporting rails vertically and horizontally.    USE - For building unit.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces field work even if the roof panel consists of multiple pieces thus increases the working rate of assembling the roof panel with solar battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the assembling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the enlarged schematic drawing showing the boundary of the roof panel.    Roof panels (12A,12B)    Supporting rails (14-14B)    Supporting joint (15)
NOVELTY - Several solar battery units (401) are assembled on flexible substrate with individual output leads. The assembly is enclosed between front lamination sheet (403) having an area larger than that of batteries and rear lamination sheet (404). Rear lamination sheet is coated with non-curing type hot melt adhesive (405). The adhesive is then cured by heating and is adhered to building surface.    USE - For installation in roof of buildings. Also for storage battery charging system.    ADVANTAGE - As solar battery module is flexible without support structure, it can be folded and can be handled easily even if the size is large. The module can be easily aligned and fitted simply, just by heat application.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows components of solar battery module.    Solar battery unit (401)    Front lamination sheet (403)    Rear lamination sheet (404)    Adhesive (405)
NOVELTY - The solar panel (7) comprises supporting unit with battery cells on its surface. A reinforcement assembly for comprising of clamp face (5a), support portion (6b) opposing to back side (2c) of supporting unit (2). The clamp face (5a) and support portions are provided respectively to interior side and exterior side mutually such that at least one is formed by thermally conductive unit.    USE - For electric power supply to spacecrafts like satellite.    ADVANTAGE - The supporting unit is reinforced by two units one on inner side and another exterior connected mutually. At least one unit is made to be thermally conducting, thereby effectively transfer between supporting unit and reinforcement unit takes place. Thickness of supporting member is small. The bending vibration to the entire panel is reduced as the variation of heat excitation is suppressed reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Inferior reinforcing unit (5) is formed by pitch based carbon-fiber compound material and exterior unit (6) is formed by breadgroup carbon fiber. At least one unit is thermally conducting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of solar panel.    Supporting unit (2)    Back side (2c)    Reinforcing unit (5)    Clamp face (5a)    Exterior unit (6)    Support portion (6b)    Solar panel (7)
NOVELTY - Several rectangular panel units (13) consisting of solar battery cells, are arranged in parallel between a pair of plate shaped transparent materials. The solar battery cell (16) of the panel unit are arranged serially. The panel unit is electrically connected with solar battery cell in other panel unit such that they are integrally coupled to form fixed units.    USE - Installed in buildings for generating solar power.    ADVANTAGE - Offers favorable design effect as connecting terminal is taken between a metal mounting strip and a panel unit. Ensures easy and simplified wiring operation as wiring need not be done about each panel unit, offers cost reduction in wiring as the length of the wiring that connects panel unit is minimum.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the solar panel unit.    Rectangular panel units (13)    Solar battery cell (16)
NOVELTY - The solar panel (1) is equipped with rotating mechanism to rotate the solar panel along the central axis (3). The flexibility of the shape memory alloy expanded with solar heat is utilized for driving the central axis of panel.    USE - Solar tracking apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Since the external electric power of a solar battery is not needed for driving the central axis of solar panel, the efficiency of the solar batteries is not reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar tracking procedure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of the mechanism of the solar tracking apparatus.    Solar panel (1)    Central axis (3)
NOVELTY - The solar cell (101) is sealed completely with sealing resin (102). A protection layer (106) is formed on resin surface, to cover the outer surface of the cell. Inorganic oxide particles (103) which absorb ultraviolet rays, are formed on the surface of protection layer. A heat sink (105) is provided on the rear side of the cell.    USE - Solar cell e.g. photovoltaic cell.    ADVANTAGE - Offers highly reliable solar cell with outstanding capacity, thereby enabling it suitable for outdoor applications. Prevents formation of dust, pollution etc on the cell, thereby prevents reduction in output power of solar cell. Offers inexpensive, highly reliable, high output solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar cell.    Solar cell (101)    Sealing resin (102)    Inorganic oxide particle (103)    Heat sink (105)    Protection layer (106)
NOVELTY - An indium electrode (19) is connected to N-type areas (14,17) which form PN junction between each P-type light receiving layers (12,15) respectively. N-type areas (14,17) and ground electrodes (21,23) are connected to light receiving layers (12,15) respectively.    USE - Semiconductor multi-wavelength image pick-up element.    ADVANTAGE - Enables high density integration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of semiconductor multi-wavelength image pick-up element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of semiconductor multi-wavelength image pick-up element.    P-type light receiving layers (12,15)    N-type areas (14,17)    Indium electrode (19)    Ground electrodes (21,23)
NOVELTY - The low concentration n-type collector area (103) is formed over a part of high concentration n-type collector area (102). The low concentration n-type collector area (103) is made to contact the graft base of polycrystal semiconductor (112). The upper part of the base layer (111) is extended through the vent area of the base polycrystalline silicon electrode (108).    USE - For light transmitting system.    ADVANTAGE - The base-collector capacitance is reduced and the increase in base and emitter resistance is suppressed hence the transistor operating with high speed and low power consumption is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the bipolar transistor.    High concentration n-type collector area (102)    Low concentration n-type collector area (103)    Base polycrystalline silicon electrode (108)    Single crystal semiconductor base layer (111)    Graft base of polycrystal semiconductor (112)
NOVELTY - A metal oxide film is formed on one surface of a transparent board (1) which has a transparent electrically conductive film on it. An electroconductive bound with roughness of 10-1000 mum is formed by etching its surface with acid or alkali solution. The substrates which have sensitivity dye adhered on their surfaces are joined by injecting on electrolyte in the space formed due to the joint.    USE - For manufacturing pigment sensation type solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Even if electroconductive bound is thin, the area of pigment sensitization type solar battery is made large to absorb more light.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of the pigment sensitization type solar battery.    Transparent board (1)
NOVELTY - The solar cell panel is placed on a slope in such a way the lower edge extension (8a) and the bottom side of upper solar panel overlaps the top side and upper edge extension (20c) of lower solar cell panel respectively to provide waterproofness and sealing by packing material.    USE - For solar cell panel.    ADVANTAGE - The overlapping structure of panels with packing materials provides waterproofness and full sealing. Since the roofing structure has embankment formed on each longitudinal side of roofing panel, rain water does not enter into the void between panels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of joining solar cell panels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of overlapping structure.    Lower edge extension (8a)    Upper side extension of lower solar cell panel (20c)
NOVELTY - Hydraulic-turbine runner carries composite radial blades secured on coil-type drum. Composite blades are made of side focusing plates and central reaction plate. Edges of focusing blades form central duct. Reaction plate is mounted in a spaced relation to focusing plates and forms peripheral ducts. Reaction plate is perpendicular to central duct axis. Focusing plates may be set at certain angle to disks to form contraction in flow direction. Configuration of reaction plate is available of several versions.    USE - Hydraulic engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Improved effectiveness of energy utilization due to using energy of water hammer.
NOVELTY - Mounted under location area of two-sided solar battery is solar concentrator made in the form of two planar mirrors placed at certain distance from solar battery; battery width l1, mirror height l, distance between rear surface of solar battery and mirrors, as well as angle of incidence of sun rays on rear surface of solar battery are interrelated by definite equations.    USE - Solar-electric power engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Improved irradiance of rear surface and improved cooling of solar battery.
NOVELTY - A current carrying unit (7) is provided on one side surface of semiconductor wafer (2) through an insulator (4). A bias voltage is impressed between wafer and current carrying unit. Light having wavelength with energy more than the energy of band gap of semiconductor wafer is irradiated at the rear side of the semiconductor wafer.    USE - For inspecting crystal defect in semiconductor wafer such as silicone wafer.    ADVANTAGE - Crystal defect such as striation in semiconductor wafer can be detected and visualized easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows crystal defect testing apparatus.    Wafer (2)    Insulator (4)    Current carrying unit (7)
NOVELTY - A coated film (1) of a resin composition where fluorine resin forms a main component of a vehicle. A deposited film (2) of an inorganic oxide is formed. A coating film (3) of a resin composition where an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer formed a main component of a vehicle is formed on the deposited film (2) of the inorganic oxide. The coated film (1), the coating film (3), the deposited film (2), and a resin film (4) are laminated, in the order.    USE - This protection sheet is useful for a solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Moisture-proof ability to prevent penetration of a moisture content and oxygen is eminently improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - This drawing shows approximate section fig. of layer constitution of this protection sheet.    Coated film (1)    deposited film (2)    Coating film (3)    Resin film (4)
NOVELTY - A fluorine resin sheet (1) and a deposited film (2) of an inorganic oxide are formed. Further, a coating film (3) of a resin composition where an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer forms the main component of a vehicle is formed on the deposited film (2), and the resin sheet (1), the deposited film (2), and the coating film (3) are laminated on a resin film (4).    USE - This surface protection sheet is useful for a solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Moisture-proof ability to prevent penetration of a moisture content and oxygen is remarkably improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - This drawing shows approximate layer constitution of a surface protection sheet.    Fluorine resin sheet (1)    Deposited film (2)    Coating film (3)    Resin film (4)
NOVELTY - The device has a spring (13) connected by a pair of handles (11,12). One of the handles has sensors (14) that contact the ball of the hand and measure physiological parameters that relate to the exercise. The electronic signals are processed and shown on a display (15) integrated into the handle..    USE - Physical exercise. Muscle toning.    ADVANTAGE - Measures human physiological parameters    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of an example of the device.    Spring (13)    Hand grips (11,12)    Sensors (14)    Display (15)
NOVELTY - The pump is made as two coaxial tubes, the internal tube (7) serving as a piston with a surface buoy while the external tube (8) has a seabed anchor (9) and top floats (10). Guide flanges (11, 13) and non-return valves (14, 15) before the pump outlet (16) supplement a hydropneumatic accumulator and an electrical generator (not shown). The water outlet (12) is away from the mooring point (17).    USE - Tidal energy is virtually inexhaustable and economically efficient.    ADVANTAGE - Considerable savings are achieved through the lack of need for expenditure of any other form of energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Tube (7)    tube (8)    anchor (9)    float (10)    flange (11)    outlet (12)    flange (13)    valve (14)    valve (15)    outlet (16)    mooring. (17)
NOVELTY - The system passes air through solar panels (3, 5, 7, 9) where the air is heated by direct or reflected sunlight. The air is fed to a low pressure, low temperature turbine (11) where the potential energy of the air is used to rotate the turbine shaft which is coupled via a gearbox (12) to an electricity generator (13). The system can produce useful output when the temperature difference between the heated air and the ambient air is a little as 2 degrees C.    USE - extraction of energy from relatively small temperature differences and low air flow rates    ADVANTAGE - Flexible operation in various weather conditions    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the system    suction pipe (1)    spaces (2)    left panel (3)    assembly pipe (4)
NOVELTY - Resin made slide material (5) is fixed on the slide surface of a back plate (7). The resin made material consists of primary layer, which is electric insulator, is provided with a shaft current cut-off band (6'). The secondary layer is made by impregnating resin in sintered compact. The secondary layer is attached by pressure application and heating with the back plate.    USE - For thrust bearing of vertical shaft type water turbine in hydroelectric power station.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of resin layer prevents electrical corrosion. The resin material exhibits excellent lubricant properties and has excellent bonding strength to withstand critical washing condition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the thrust bearing pad.    Resin made slide material (5)    Shaft current cut-off band (6')    Back plate (7)
NOVELTY - Single or both sides of a plate (1) is shaped suitably. Then, forming of shaped plate (2) is performed to produce a vane (3) of specific shape.    USE - For manufacturing vanes used in pump, impeller, water turbine, pump turbine, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Vane manufacturing time is greatly reduced as the plate is shaped suitably before forming process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explains the manufacturing method of the vane of the fluid machinery.    Plate (1)    Raw material (2)    Vane (3)
NOVELTY - Solar battery module (2) consisting of aromatic polyamide film is mounted on the bonding plane of flat or curved roof base, with an adhesive agent wire (5) through which current flows extends to the roof.    USE - For residential purposes.    ADVANTAGE - Roof tops integrated with solar battery modulus is of light weight and provides electric power cheaply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of solar battery module.    Solar battery module (2)    Adhesive agent wire (5)
NOVELTY - Electrically driven tread mill has a fold sensor to detect the fold-up positions of deck and steering wheel portion. Based on the detected result of fold sensor, stoppage of driving belt is performed.    USE - Used for acquiring aerobics indoors.    ADVANTAGE - Economical power consumption for tread mill operations is enhanced because of automatic stoppage of driving belt based on result of fold sensor. During emergency shut down, the power for the tread mill is shut-off and the safety of the user is enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic block diagram of electrically driven tread mill.
NOVELTY - Pedal stroke movement apparatus has a frame mounted with a saddle and pedal interlocked with a flywheel (10). A load resistance generator (20) is integrally attached to the flywheel. The generator provides load through current generated by permanent magnet (21) due to flywheel rotation.    USE - For exercising.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains accurate load characteristics. Enables load characteristics measurement with load resistance generator. Improves productivity by avoiding assembling of apparatus over frame, as the load resistance generator is integrally connected to flywheel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the pedal stroke movement apparatus.    Flywheel (10)    Load resistance generator (20)    Permanent magnet (21)
NOVELTY - Buffer layer (2A) is formed at a temperature lower than the single crystal growth temperature on a nitride semiconductor substrate (1). Buffer layer (2B) is formed at the single crystal growth temperature on the buffer layer (2A). Element composition layer (20) is formed on the buffer layer (2B).    USE - For e.g. light emitting diode.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to form element composition layer having a favorable crystallinity and to form the semiconductor device having an excellent characteristic.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for semiconductor device manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of structure of light emitting diode.    Nitride semiconductor substrate (1)    Buffer layers (2A,2B)    Element composition layer (20)
NOVELTY - The roof structure has a solar cell module (1) above a roof base of a building. An electrical wire (7) for the module is provided in a space between the module and the roof base and extends through a hole (8) in the roof base. A base sealing member (9) on the roof base covers the through hole. The electrical wire extends through an exit in a portion of the base sealing member that is not just over the hole in the base member.    USE - Photovoltaic power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Waterproofing and fire-prevention are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a method of constructing a solar cell roof, a photovoltaic power generating device that incorporates the roof structure and a building that incorporates the roof structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic section view of an example of the solar cell module used in the roof structure.    solar cell module (1)    purlin (2)    rafter (3)    sheathing roof board (4)    waterproof underlaying material (5)    fixing clip (6)    electrical wire (7)    through hole for wire (8)    sealing member (9)    junction box (13)
NOVELTY - The solar panel has photovoltaic cells (3) or thermal cells (4) recovering heat. It is mounted in frames (5,6) on a stand. The frames include gimbal or cardan (universal) joints, with pivot axes at right angles. The frame may be formed as a cube or triangular prism.    USE - To mount solar panels.    ADVANTAGE - This mounting can follow the apparent motion of the sun, for maximum efficiency. Numbers of panels may be ganged, each with its own gimbal mounting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a selection of implementations.    photovoltaic cells (3)    thermal cells (4)    frames (5, 6)
NOVELTY - The series-connected part-cells of the solar cell module on a support disc (1) are structured by a separating groove (4). Conductive contact region layers of first conductivity are located on both flanks of the groove are located .The contact region layer of the one side flank of minimum width on the flat surface of a semiconductor layer (3) ends parallel to the groove edge.    USE - Simple technology suitable for low-cost mass production of solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The contact region layer of a second conductivity on this side of the groove is located fully on the top surface of the semiconductor layer, separated from the contact region layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure show a contact region of two series-connected part-cells in cross-section orthogonal to separating groove.    Support disc (1)    Insulation layer (2)    Semiconductor layer (3)    Separation groove (4)    p+ doped contact area (5)    n+doped contact area (6)    antireflection layer (7)    metal contact layer (8)
NOVELTY - The machine is a solar rotor (1) with electrodes (4) and counterelectrodes (5) of a solar cell assembly coupled to a photovoltaic coating (3) on the outside of a drum (2). The electrodes and counterelectrodes extend axially around the drum. The lateral ends (13) are connected so that a solar current causes a relative rotary movement because of a coaxial magnetic field provided in the drum with an alternating magnetic field polarity.    USE - For polar motors possibly with water or liquid cooling, or air or water drives.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partly exploded, perspective presentation of the invention.    solar rotor (1)    photovoltaic coating (3)    electrodes (4)    counter electrodes (5)    light (7)
NOVELTY - Array of solar cells (36) comprise two cell strings (42) separated by a switch (28), in each row (38). Each string has several cells (36) interconnected in series, without intervening switches. When switches are closed, string pairs of each row are connected in series between ground voltage and power card (30), and when open the strings of each row are in parallel with each string of other rows.    USE - In solar power system for spacecraft for use during deep space missions e.g. missions that extend beyond the orbit of Mars.    ADVANTAGE - Allows for reconfiguration of solar array to provide suitable voltage and current over the course of mission for a variety of deep space applications. Provides substantial reconfiguration flexibility with minimal non-generator elements thereby reducing cost, size and mass requirements. Allows for convenient scaling of solar power system design to most efficiently meet mission requirements, thereby allowing solar power to be used in a variety of applications where nuclear power might otherwise be required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar array switching unit (SASU) (22) has a solar cell array (26) comprising 2D array of solar cells (36) arranged in rows (38) and columns (40). The switch comprises relay switches and MOSFET logic. The number of cells in each string are equal, where the cells are silicon containing solar cells. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method for use in designing a solar power system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of solar array switching unit.    Switching unit (22)    Switch (28)    Power card (30)    Solar cells (36)    Row (38)    Column (40)    Cell string (42)
This invention is relative to a kind of jogging machine, its major characteristics includes auto-winding rope member to fix onto the jogger's body, and with a sensor to detect the location of the rope member, where the said sensor shall promptly transmit the detected positive and negative electrical power data to the CPU of a micro type computer, and the CPU shall send" speed up" or "slow down" instruction to the motor of the jogging belt, and immediately generating an speed control effect, to make the jogging machine able to automatically cooperate with the jogger's speed from a humanization function.
NOVELTY - A grip detector is installed to the main body (2) of the training instrument (1) to detect the quantity of training when using the main body. A growth game display screen (4), formed on the main body, displays change of character (K) corresponding to quantity of training detected by the grip detector.    USE - Used for training e.g. muscular strength reinforcement.    ADVANTAGE - Enables user to view and understand the quantity of training according to the condition of change of the character. Effectively attains a true training target.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exterior perspective diagram of the training instrument.    Training instrument (1)    Main body (2)    Growth game display screen (4)    Character (K)
NOVELTY - The module (1) with an outer plate, an inner plate (3) and an intermediate layer with embedded solar cells (6) joined electrically with one another by means of several conductors (8, 9) is characterized by the fact that several such conductors are permanently joined to a common connection system incorporating a multi-polar plug connector (10).    USE - For solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Module manufacture is simplified. The module whose thickness is reduced can be safely handled without endangering its electric connection system. Openings leading to the intermediate layer can be sealed in an effective and simple manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a part of the proposed solar power generation module.    Inner plate (3)    Inner plate opening (4)    Embedded solar cells (6)    Connecting conductors (8, 9)    Plug connector (10)    Individual contacts (sockets) (11)    Individual conductors (21)
NOVELTY - A Schottky barrier device comprises a distributed guard ring (13), which is spaced from the active Schottky barrier over a portion of the ring.    USE - For use in electronic systems, e.g., amplifiers, receivers, control and guide systems, power and signal monitors, and as rectifiers and clamps in RF circuits. Commercial applications include radiation detectors, imaging devices, and wired and wireless communications products.    ADVANTAGE - The device reduces sharp edge breakdown, but also limits diode leakage. It provides breakdown performance approximately to that for diodes with the standard guard design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A Schottky barrier device comprises a semiconductor substrate (11); a Schottky barrier layer on the substrate, having an area (A), and a perimeter (p); and a p-n junction guard ring (22) surrounding the area (A). The p-n junction guard ring has inside and outside perimeters, with a first portion (p1) of the inside perimeter of the guard ring overlapping the perimeter (p), and a second portion (p2) of the inside perimeter of the guard ring space (d) from the perimeter (p), where p1 = 0.01-0.7 p2, preferably p1 = 0.05-0.25 p2.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of a Schottky barrier diode.    Semiconductor substrate (11)    Guard ring (13)    P-N junction guard ring (22)
NOVELTY - The driving circuit (14) drives light receiving element (15) depending upon data from an external controller. The light receiving element is driven by infrared ray data (IrDA) communication or remote control communication. The output data of the light receiving element is forwarded to signal processing circuits (18,19) based on type of communication such as IrDA and remote control communication.    USE - For personal computer, portable information terminal, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - Since data communication of different types is performed using signal light receiving element, size of the apparatus is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the block diagram of the photo semiconductor apparatus.    Driving circuit (14)    Light receiving element (15)    Signal processing circuits (18,19)
NOVELTY - An insulating film (23) formed on semiconductor substrate (20) covers the areas other than the upper surface of ridge (22) formed on substrate (20). Photoresist films (24,25) with different solubility are formed sequentially on the film (23). The portion of films (24,25) are etched to form an opening (26) through which insulating film (23) covering the ridge (21) is removed.    USE - For manufacturing semiconductor device with ridge e.g. semiconductor laser used in optical fiber amplifier excitation apparatus, in the field of optical communication.    ADVANTAGE - Since the process margin during etching of insulating film is taken sufficiently, process can be simplified greatly. Since the photoresist agent of low viscosity is used as film forming material of first photoresist film, the insulating film is maintained at low etching rate thereby, the manufacturing cost is reduced greatly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of semiconductor laser device.    Substrate (20)    Ridges (21,22)    Insulating film (23)    Photoresist films (24,25)    Opening (26)
NOVELTY - A thermoelectric cooling element (4) is provided for cooling the semiconductor radiation detecting element (2). A conductive material (5) connected to ground, is provided between the cooling element and detection element.    USE - For detecting X-rays, gamma rays.    ADVANTAGE - As conductive material used, highly precise detection of radiation is performed, moreover the conductive material acts as noise shield for absorbing noise, hence S/N ratio is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of radiation detector.    Radiation detecting element (2)    Thermoelectric cooling element (4)    Conductive material (5)
NOVELTY - Electrodes (12,13) are electrically connected to solar battery element (11) via electro-conductive adhesive tapes (11a,11b). SUS board or steel sheets (14,15), for reinforcement of thickness about 0.5-0.7 mm, are provided on the same flat surface of solar battery element. A filler (16) is used to seal the solar battery element, electrodes and reinforcement board or sheet.    USE - Solar battery module is installed in roof of building.    ADVANTAGE - Since the thickness of the reinforcement board is reduced, the entire weight of the solar battery module is reduced and flexible property of the solar battery module is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery module.    Solar battery element (11)    Electro-conductive adhesive tape (11a,11b)    Electrodes (12,13)    SUS board or steel sheets (14,15)    Filler (16)
NOVELTY - Resin frames (2) with lead frames (3) having thickness of 1-3 mum are formed on the rectangular ceramic substrate (1) having mounting surface (1a). The thermal expansion coefficient difference between the resin frame and substrate is 0.3-0.7asterisk10-5/degreesC. Both resin frame and substrate are bonded using epoxy resin containing 3-36 wt% of acrylic group rubber.    USE - For manufacturing container used in packing linear CCD and other light receiving elements used in line sensor used for image scanner of facsimile and other OA apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Eases mounting of CCD device in container, as convex mounting surface is provided. By using ceramic substrate with high conductivity, characteristic degradation of light receiving element is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The convex mounting surface of the substrate is formed with area 30 mum or less with thickness of 1.5-3 mum. The length of mounting surface is set to 20 mum or less. The ends of mounting surface are bent to a radius of curvature of 30-100 mum. The thickness (X) of resin frame at upper side of lead frame is related to lower side thickness (Y) by relation 0.8Yat mostXat mostY.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of container.    Substrate (1)    Mounting surface (1a)    Resin frames (2)    Lead frames (3)
NOVELTY - The connection of output electrode (32) to output cable (37) is performed within terminal protection cover (35). A slit (41) temporarily holds the output electrode when connecting to output cable.    USE - In solar battery module of solar power generation system used in residence.    ADVANTAGE - Improves connection operation of the output electrode of solar-battery cell with output cable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar-battery module manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of electrode connection structure.    Output electrode (32)    Terminal protection cover (35)    Output cable (37)    Slit (41)
NOVELTY - An operation button (2) made of light permeable material is arranged on the remote control light receiving element (6). The light emitted from the external remote control transmitter passes through the operation button and falls on the light receiving element.    USE - For remote controller of audio system and video system.    ADVANTAGE - Console panel space is effectively used by providing remote control light reception unit in internal space of push button switch. Raises remote control operativity by enlarging light reception angle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of remote control light reception unit.    Operation button (2)    Remote control light receiving element (6)
NOVELTY - The lower sash bars (35,40-42) are provided with module mount portions (36,37), corresponding to each of the solar light and heat hybrid module (5), solar battery module (6) or make up module (7). Each module mount portion is set at different heights depending on the difference of thickness of each module, so that upper surface of each adjacent module forms a surface.    USE - For residences.    ADVANTAGE - Since solar light and heat hybrid module and solar battery module etc, are mounted integrally, workability is improved and component and mounting costs are reduced. Also waterproof capability is secured sufficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar light and heat hybrid module and a solar-battery module are mounted integrally. At least two of the makeup modules are supported and mounted between lower and upper sash bars. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) roof panel;    (b) roof unit    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the shipfitter of the solar module.    Solar light and heat hybrid module (5)    Solar battery module (6)    Module for makeup (7)    Lower sash bars (35,36,40-42)
NOVELTY - Solar panel (2) consisting of solar battery cell (2A) immersed in hot melt resin (2C,2D), and transparent glass base (2B) is laminated with a heat absorbing panel (3) that consists of heat absorbing board (3A) and heat medium pipes (3B,3C). The size of transparent glass base of solar panel is larger than heat absorbing board.    USE - For power and heat extraction from solar light.    ADVANTAGE - Provides transparent base of larger size, eliminates size error during lamination and post processing, thus manufacturing cost is lowered.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hybrid panel manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of hybrid panel.    Solar panel (2)    Solar battery cell (2A)    Transparent base glass (2B)    Hot melt resin (2C,2D)    Heat absorbing panel (3)    Heat absorbing board (3A)    Heat medium pipes (3B,3C)
NOVELTY - An air compressor (1) distributed in the sea side, is energized by the tidal waves. A storage key (30) in tunnel serves as a reservoir for compressed air. A wave actuated generator energized by the compressed air generates power.    USE - For tidal power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of storage key in tunnel, enables to store lot of compressed air and hence overall installation is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of wave tidal power generation system.    Air compressor (1)    Storage key (30)
NOVELTY - A thin film solar cell module comprises: a first electrode layer (2), a semiconductor layer (4), and a second electrode layer (6), which are deposited on a substrate (1) and at least part of which is worked to partition these layers into a number of cells which are electrically connected with each other and sealed with an encapsulant (9); at least part of at least one of these layers which is located at the periphery of the substrate is removed by mechanical means or by laser beam.    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - Solar cell module excellent in dielectric strength, which can be manufactured by making use of very simple process. It is possible to obtain a solar cell module which is free from deterioration of power-generating property due to a corrosion after sealing and which can be manufactured with high productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a thin film solar cell module as above in which a periphery of the electrically connected solar cells is surrounded by a high adhesive strength region, and adhesive strength between this region and the encapsulant is larger than the adhesive strength between the encapsulant and the electrically connected solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a thin film solar cell module.    Substrate (1)    Electrode layer (2)    Semiconductor layer (4)    Second electrode layer (6)    Encapsulant (9)
NOVELTY - The device comprises a large grille structure with at least one side covered with an electricity-generating solar cell material, e.g. a thin film of amorphous silicon.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - The grille can be made from a drawn metal, or cast polymer or ceramic, and is placed, cast or laminated between two layers of glass.    USE -   For windows, doors or transparent construction elements in buildings.    ADVANTAGE -   Electricity is generated using a cell that prevents the house from getting too hot or bright.
NOVELTY - The flat roof tiling includes transparent flat glass and/or plastic. Maximum tile thickness is 8 mm. Tile size is up to 60 cm x 60 cm.    USE - A transparent roofing tile.    ADVANTAGE - The inventor seeks to reduce cost of transparent tiles by mass production, with the possibility of whole-roof covering. Lighter weight is promised, simplifying and lightening framing and support. Natural illumination of the entire loft space is offered. Replacement of defective tiles is simplified. Thermal collection or photovoltaic recovery of solar energy is facilitated. Tile cutting is simplified. Defects in the roofing frame (e.g. damage, rot) are readily spotted and corrected.
NOVELTY - A holder (11) with a recess holds the edge of a solar battery module (2). A stationary plate (4) is arranged inside cavity (12) of holder, and is exposed to an opening (13) of a floor plate (14). The holder is fastened to a clamp plate (3) attached to roof plate, by penetrating a bolt (5) from exterior of clamp plate and tightening to the stationary plate, which pinch floor plate and clamp plate together.    USE - For attaching solar battery module to roof.    ADVANTAGE - Exclusive frame for solar battery module attachment is eliminated and the fixing is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal part section of the attachment structure.    Solar battery module (2)    Clamping plate (3)    Stationary plate (4)    Bolt (5)    Holder (11)    Cavity (12)    Opening (13)    Floor plate (14)
NOVELTY - A transparent surface layer (17) having 50 mum thickness and a backing laminate (20) are provided above and below ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) layer (16) respectively by laminating at 130 degreesC. The laminate (20) includes vinyl chloride layer (21), adhesive layer (22) and plastic layer (23) integrally molded.    USE - For solar battery module attachment to concrete roof.    ADVANTAGE - Since the backing laminate is provided having vinyl chloride layer, adhesion of module to concrete roofing is reliable. A special fixture or process is unnecessary.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar battery element (11) is sealed by ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) (16) and conductive adhesive tapes (11a,11b). The filler of the battery module is material containing low peroxide at decomposition temperature. The frame for glass plate mounting is adhered to upper side surface of the solar battery module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery module.    Solar battery element (11)    Conductive adhesive tapes (11a,11b)    Ethylene vinyl acetate (16)    Transparent surface layer (17)    Laminate (20)    Vinyl chloride layer (21)    Adhesive layer (22)    Plastics layer (23)
NOVELTY - Water turbine (8) is provided at the bottom of water top (1) and the flow of water changes based on revolution number. Rotation of shaft (11) of turbine is transmitted via clock train for a governing unit which generates induction electric power for driving a rotation controller. The controller controls rotation of rotor (31) such that the rotation period of rotor is in accord with target rotation period.    USE - E.g. water turbine runner.    ADVANTAGE - Since the self electricity generation type automatic water quantity adjusting device is used, flow control is performed without the need of power supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows component of self electricity generation type automatic water quantity adjusting device.    Water top (1)    Water turbine (8)    Shaft (11)    Rotor (31)
NOVELTY - An electric motor (19) is connected to a turbine (10). A control unit (15) is provided to control the rotational speed of pump to positive pump head so that the discharge pressure of turbine positioned at downstream side of pump is at water supply setting pressure. The rotational speed of turbine is controlled to negative pump head for supplying water.    USE - For electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The provision of control unit ensures energy conservation of electricity generation systems at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the water supply method for electricity generation systems.    Turbine (10)    Control unit (15)    Electric motor (19)
NOVELTY - A titanium dioxide film (3) which has a surface of fine unevenness having a depth of 200nm or less is formed on a glass substrate (1) through tin oxide film (2).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for formation of anti-fouling outer layer.    USE -   For optical windows for solar battery, green house, screen, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The anti-fouling outer layer maintains favorable photocatalytic characteristics and reduces surface reflecting rate. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of anti-fouling outer layer. (1) Glass substrate; (2) Tin oxide film; (3) Titanium dioxide film.
NOVELTY - A controller (1) displays a simulating character (X) on an LCD device (3) based on user's pulse rate or exercising condition.    USE - For simulated display of user exercising in bicycle ergometer, aerobike, step machine, running machine, boat stroke machine, etc.    ADVANTAGE - By expression of displayed character, user can know his pulse rate, exercising condition. Enables to enjoy exercising by interactive display of user simulation character.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of controller in exercising tool.    Controller (1)    LCD device (3)    Simulating character (X)
NOVELTY - The cycle exerciser has pulse current supplied from pulse power supply through sheet electrode (32) provided in flexible belt (31) worn in the waist. Pulse current supplied depends on fat rate computed on the basis of human body impedance and personal data such as sex, age, weight, etc. Human body impedance is measured by four electrodes.    USE - For slimming of human body.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates more effective exercising scheme by providing appropriate pulse current as amount of muscles is understood since calculation of fat rate is done. Removes excessive body fat effectively as movement and pulse treatment are done together.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of pulse treatment exercising cycle.    Flexible belt (31)    Electrode (32)
NOVELTY - Mold hardening is applied to a hardening composition to encapsulate a photosemiconductor element and part or the whole of a photosemiconductor-mounted electrode. Mold hardening is then applied to an epoxy resin on the photosemiconductor encapsulating material for use in a photosemiconductor product.    USE - The hardening composition is used as the encapsulating material for producing the photosemiconductor product.    ADVANTAGE - The hardening composition has superior transparency, moisture resistance, and impact cushioning. The production provides the photosemiconductor product with superior transparency and reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hardening composition uses the following as its essential constituents:    (a) at least one isobutylene-based polymer containing an alkenyl group capable of a hydrosilylation reaction in a molecule;    (b) a hardening agent containing at least two hydrosilyl groups in a molecule;    (c) a hydrosilylation catalyst; and    (d) an organic compound containing at least one alkenyl group or alkynyl group capable of a hydrosilylation reaction in a molecule.
NOVELTY - The position and path regulation method uses at least one reflection surface (3) mounted on the satellite (1), with a radiation reflection characteristics which is matched to an earth electromagnetic radiation source, e.g. a laser, for providing a position or path correction drive pulse via the radiation reflection.    USE - The method is used for precise position or path correction of an earth satellite.    ADVANTAGE - The position and path regulation method allows effective conversion of electromagnetic radiation reflection into a mechanical drive pulse for path or position correction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a satellite position and path regulation method.    Satellite (1)    Reflection surface (3)
NOVELTY - An integrated circuit transistor includes a substrate (10) having a doped region (14) formed after forming field oxide regions (12).    USE - For use in integrated circuit devices.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides an improved avoidance of short channel effects without unduly adversely affecting transistor operating characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An integrated circuit transistor comprises (a) a substrate that includes a doped region having a first doping level; (b) an epitaxial silicon region overlying the doped substrate region and which has a second doping level that is less than that of the first doping level; (c) a gate insulating layer and a gate electrode, having a channel region formed underneath, overlying the epitaxial silicon region; (d) sidewall insulating regions disposed alongside the gate electrode; (e) lightly doped source/drain regions in the epitaxial silicon region and the substrate underneath the sidewall insulating regions and adjacent the channel region; (f) highly doped source/drain regions in the doped substrate region and the epitaxial silicon region adjacent the lightly doped source/drain regions extending from an upper surface of the epitaxial silicon region into the doped substrate region; and (g) a threshold adjust impurity region within the channel region.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an alternative integrated circuit.    Substrate (10)    Field oxide region (12)    Doped region (14)
NOVELTY - Source region and drain separated by a channel region, are formed with in a portion of upper surface (112) of housing (105,110). Gates (130,132) formed above the upper surface of the channel region, are interconnected by a gate contact (160). Conductive sidewalls (140,145) are disposed adjacent to the opposing side walls (111) of the housing.    USE - Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistor module for inverters.    ADVANTAGE - The new transistor structures allow for low voltage level operation and enhanced switching action. The gate of transistors are fully compatible with CMOS technology.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The housing having upper surface and opposing sidewall, extends outwardly from a substrate. The conductive side walls are coupled to the gate and to a portion of opposing sidewalls. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of fabricating transistor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of inverter.    Housings (105,110)    Opposing side walls (111)    Upper surface (112)    Gates (130,132)    Conductive sidewalls (140,145)    Gate contact (160)
NOVELTY - Cross coupled thin film transistors (22,24) are formed overlapping each other in respective vertically adjacent horizontal polysilicon layers (58,70). The gate of TFT (22) and source, drain and channel of TFT (24) are formed in layers (58). The gate of TFT (24) and source, drain and channel of TFT (22) are formed in layers (70). A dielectric layer (68) is interposed between two polysilicon layers.    USE - In static random access memory cell.    ADVANTAGE - Allows increase in speed of cell operation without increasing cell size.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gate of TFT (22) is coupled to power supply voltage (Vcc) through active load device included in TFT (24). A storage node for storing high voltage is coupled to bit line, via access transistor, to substrate via parasitic diode and to gate of pull down transistor and power supply voltage through TFT (22). The polysilicon layer (70) extends coextensively relative to at lest portion of the polysilicon layer (58). The gate of TFTs (22,24) extends coextensively relative to at least portion of drain of TFTs (24,22).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of transistor configuration.    Thin film transistors (22,24)    Polysilicon layers (58,70)    Dielectric layer (68)
NOVELTY - Tensioning member (18) is formed by a predetermined length of tape extended and attached in between a sheet material support frame (16) and the parabolic sheet material (14) at predetermined intervals. Support frame has a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of the sheet material.    USE - For solar reflector panel in spacecraft.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents wrinkling of the sheet by applying a tensioning force around the outer edge of the sheet material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sheet material tensioning device.    Sheet material (14)    Sheet material support frame (16)    Tensioning member (18)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor laser has active region (14) containing arsenic whose side portion is exposed or covered by an implanting layer (60). A mesa stripe is formed on active region. A wide gap semiconductor layer (58) is formed inside mesa stripe from side of active region. The thickness of semiconductor layer is below threshold film thickness and more than wavelength to the side of active region.    USE - In e.g. semiconductor laser.    ADVANTAGE - Since thickness of semiconductor layer is below threshold film thickness, defective degree is not produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for semiconductor device manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents structural drawing of semiconductor device.    Active region (14)    Semiconductor layer (58)    Implanting layer (60)
NOVELTY - An amplifier (40) for current potential conversion connected with output of a photodiode (20), converts photoelectric current to voltage signal which is amplified. A voltage supply circuit (R1,R2,50) supplies potential equivalent to potential at output of photodiode to electroconductive shield film (10).    USE - Semiconductor light receiving element.    ADVANTAGE - The parasitic capacitance between electroconductive shield film and photodiode is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows component circuit diagram of semiconductor light receiving element.    Electroconductive shield film (10)    Photodiode (20)    Amplifier (40)    Voltage supply circuits (50,R1,R2)
NOVELTY - Photodiode (104) consists of P type silicon substrate (110) on which N type epitaxial layer (112) is formed. A high concentration N conductivity embedding layer (114) is formed on the boundary of silicon substrate and epitaxial layer. A low concentration N conductivity embedding layer (115) is directly formed under the high concentration N conductivity embedding layer.    USE - In optical disk.    ADVANTAGE - The response of photodiode is improved as carrier, induced in deposition of P type silicon substrate reaches depletion layer by short drift length.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for semiconductor light receiver manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram for explaining light reception of semiconductor light receiver.    Photodiode (104)    P type silicon substrate (110)    N type epitaxial layer (112)    Embedding layers (114,115)
NOVELTY - The supplement semiconductor area (11) extends in width direction (Y) which is perpendicular to base line length direction (X). The current value respectively output from a pair of signal extraction electrodes provided at both ends of semiconductive conductive layer (2) varies depending on incident light position in the direction of base line length.    USE - For detecting object position applied in displacement meter, autofocusing of lens shutter camera.    ADVANTAGE - Provides highly efficient position sensor by suppressing reduction in position resolving power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of semiconductor position sensor.    Semiconductive conductive layer (2)    supplement semiconductor area (11)
NOVELTY - The band gap energy (BGE) of light guide layer (102) is the intermediate value of semiconductor substrate (101) and optical absorption layer (105). Electron conduction layer (103) with doping concentration lower than layers (102,105) has BGE of 1.2 eV, which is larger than the layer (102). P-type light guide and InP layers (106,107) have BGE larger than 0.85 eV and larger than layer (106), respectively.    USE - For suprathermal electronic circuit, optical modulator.    ADVANTAGE - Since band gap energy of the electron conduction layer is larger, stable operation is enabled at high current with high operating speed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The N-type electron conduction layer (103) and P-type optical absorption layer (105), are sequentially arranged above the light guide layer (102). The thickness of N-type conduction layer is set to 0.1-0.3 mum.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of cross section of photodiode.    Semiconductor substrate (101)    Light guide layer (102)    N-type electron conduction layer (103)    Optical absorption layer (105)    P-type light guide layer (106)    P-type InP layer (107)
NOVELTY - P+ layers (102,103) with same direction rectification property are formed on opposite sides of N conductivity semiconductor layer (101). When reverse direction voltage is applied between P+ layers and N+ layer (104), radiation from electron hole pair in depletion layer is detected using semiconductor detector.    USE - For radiation measurement.    ADVANTAGE - The signal to noise ratio is improved and electrostatic capacitance is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of semiconductor detector.    N conductivity semiconductor layer (101)    P+ layers (102,103)    N+ layer (104)
NOVELTY - The electrodes (E1,E2) and photoelectric conversion layer (P) are formed on one side of substrate (S) and back side electrode (Er) to the other surface of the substrate and sealed with resin film (J1,J2). A connector hole (H2) penetrating the substrate connects the electrode (E2) and the back side electrode. The side and circumference of the connector hole are sealed by a resin.    USE - For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Since the side and circumference portion of the hole are covered by resin, the short circuit between electrodes and damaging of electrodes are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar battery element and solar battery module.    Electrodes (E1,E2,Er)    Connector hole (H2)    Resin films (J1,J2)    Photoelectric conversion layer (P)    Substrate (S)
NOVELTY - The high and low speed signal processing units (10,11) are arranged perpendicularly in an electrically shielded package. The high speed and low speed signals are processed by the high speed and low speed signal processing units respectively.    USE - For performing photoelectric conversion in high speed communication system.    ADVANTAGE - The cost and size of optical module are reduced as number of components sealed in the package are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of optical module.    High speed signal processing unit (10)    Low speed signal processing unit (11)
NOVELTY - A transparent resin sealing housing (25) seals semiconductor chips which emit and receive light. A groove is formed on the upper surface of the sealing housing and has a reflecting surface. The semiconductor chip is sandwiched by a mounting substrate (30) and a support substrate.    USE - The photosemiconductor device module is used for portable information terminal, personal computer, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - Omits optical instruments like prism as light is injected or emitted from side of sealing housing. Suppresses optical noise as semiconductor chip is sandwiched by support substrate and mounting substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view at the time of setting apparatus to mounting substrate.    Transparent resin sealing housing (25)    Mounting substrate (30)
NOVELTY - The edge of lead drawn by resin sealed body (25) is electrically connected with electrode pad on mounting substrate. A groove (27) for mounting semiconductor chips, is formed on resin sealed body.    USE - For multimedia apparatus such as notebook PC, portable information terminal and electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids need for optical instruments such as prism.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of photo-semiconductor module.    Resin sealed body (25)    Groove (27)
NOVELTY - A lead terminal (23a) drawn from the exterior is wound inside the sealing unit (25) and extended upto the island (22). The end of electrode pad (30a) of the light emitting element is connected to the lead terminal by a bonding wire (24). The bonding wire do not traverse to deepest portion (31) of the groove (26).    USE - For notebook personal computer, portable information terminal and electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - The thickness of sealing unit is reduced. The interference of bonding wire and groove are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A sealing unit seals a light emitting element (3) fixed on an island. The groove is formed on sealing corresponding to upper side of light emitting element forming a reflecting surface (27).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of photosemiconductor apparatus.    Light emitting element (3)    Island (22)    Lead terminal (23a)    Bonding wire (24)    Sealing unit (25)    Groove (26)    Reflecting surface (27)    Electrode pad (30a)    Deepest portion (31)
NOVELTY - An internal electrode (21) arbitrarily formed on the film substrate (20), is connected with light receiver (2) and light emitter (3) by bonding wire for electrification. The reflecting surface (27) of groove (26) formed on upper surface of substrate transmits or receives light signal (6) by provision of emitter or receiver correspondingly through side (24a) of contour of sealing body (24).    USE - For multimedia apparatuses e.g. notebook PC, portable information terminal, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - Since internal electrode is arbitrarily positioned, interference with bonding wire is prevented. Reduces mounting area of apparatus, since the chip is of leadless type.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sealing body is formed on the surface of film substrate which is provided with bump electrode at the rear side. A package contour is formed by resin coating on substrate at the side. The semiconductor chip formed at the side (24a) converts light signal and electrical signal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of photo-semiconductor apparatus.    Light receiver (2)    Light emitter (3)    Light signal (6)    Film substrate (20)    Internal electrode (21)    Sealing body (24)    Side of contour (24a)    Groove (26)    Reflecting surface (27)
NOVELTY - A groove (26) is formed on upper portion of light emitter (3) corresponding to upward reflecting surface (27). Electrode pads (30a,30b) of respective emitter and receiver (2) are connected with bonding wire to one side of groove. To other side, light emitter, electrode pad and external lead terminal of receiver are connected by another wire. Light receiver and emitter are coated with common resin layer.    USE - For multimedia apparatuses e.g. notebook personal computer, electronic still camera, portable information terminal.    ADVANTAGE - Interference with bonding wire and groove is prevented. Provides thin photo-semiconductor apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of photo-semiconductor apparatus.    Light receiving unit (2)    Light emitting unit (3)    Groove (26)    Reflecting surface (27)    Electrode pads (30a,30b)
NOVELTY - A light emitting element (3) is sealed by a resin layer (25) with groove (26) formed on the upper side of the element to form reflecting surface (27) for signal light (6). The groove is filled with secondary resin layer (34) for protection from dust.    USE - For multimedia apparatus such as supplementary class-note personal computer, portable information terminal, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - The thickness of sealing surface is reduced. The generation of fault by dust adhesion after mounting is prevented by the secondary resin layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of photosemiconductor apparatus.    Light emitting element (3)    Signal light (6)    Resin layer (25)    Groove (26)    Reflecting surface (27)    Secondary resin layer (34)
NOVELTY - A pair of Peltier elements (3,4) are arranged separately. An infrared detecting element (2) which is mounted on Peltier element (3) and lead pin (5) which is connected to signal processing circuit are connected to Peltier element (4) by bonding wire (6).    USE - For infrared ray sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The disturbance of image resulting from uneven temperature distribution of infrared detecting element is prevented as infrared detecting element and lead pin are connected to Peltier element by bonding wire.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for infrared ray sensor wiring method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of infrared ray sensor.    Infrared detecting element (2)    Peltier elements (3,4)    Lead pin (5)    Bonding wire (6)
NOVELTY - Short circuit current value of solar battery (1) is detected by current detector (10) and residual capacity of storage battery (2) is detected by capacity detector (5). A microcomputer (6) checks whether the detection result obtained from the respective detectors is greater than preset value and distinguishes whether the motor can be operated or not. When the results are satisfied, motor (20) is started.    USE - For running of fountain in outdoors, for mobile power of garden and for other outdoor power.    ADVANTAGE - The number of installations of solar battery is decreased and thus economic efficiency is improved    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of pump operation apparatus.    Solar battery (1)    Storage battery (2)    Storage battery capacity detector (5)    Microcomputer (6)    Current detector (10)    Motor (20)
NOVELTY - Filter circuit (4) attenuates the sine wave signal from a driving signal source (1). Mean value of the output of the filter circuit is detected and the change in the amount of infrared ray radiation is detected based on the change in the amplitude of the output of the filter circuit.    USE - For infrared ray sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the S/N ratio of the infrared ray sensor and prevents the performance degradation of the circuit elements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the read-out method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the read-out circuit for infrared ray sensor.    Driving signal source (1)    Filter circuit (4)
NOVELTY - The Al0.15Ga0.85N layer (2) is formed on a Si substrate (1) in the shape of stripe and lattice. The GaN layer (3) is epitaxially grown in both upper part area (B) and exposed area (A) of Al0.15Ga0.85N layer, in vertical and horizontal directions, respectively.    USE - For manufacturing laser diode, light emitting diode.    ADVANTAGE - Raises element characteristics and manufacture efficiency by reducing transition of GaN layer on exposed part of substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model sectional view of semiconductor device.    Substrate (1)    AlGaN layer (2)    GaN layer (3)    Exposed area (A)    Upper part area (B)
NOVELTY - The gallium-nitride-group compound semiconductor (2) is formed in the shape of stripes on the surface of the silicon substrate (1). Then gallium-nitride layer (3) is formed horizontally in the exposed portion (A) of the substrate and on the layer (2).    USE - For e.g. light emitting diode, laser diode.    ADVANTAGE - As the penetration of gallium-nitride-group compound semiconductor formed on the exposed part of board is eliminated, the crystallinity of the gallium-nitride layer is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents model sectional view of the structure of the gallium-nitride-group compound semiconductor.    Silicon substrate (1)    Gallium-nitride-group compound semiconductor (2)    Gallium-nitride layer (3)
NOVELTY - The apparatus senses the heart rate of a user and the values of two resistances worked by the user and captures (82) a value of the heart rate after the user's level of cardiovascular activity has been elevated by working the 2 resistances. It controls the resistance values worked by the user to keep the value of the user's heart rate at a value determined from the captured value.    USE - As a fitness apparatus with heart rate control switch for maintaining the heart rate of a user at a scheduled target rate by varying a first resistance with respect to a second resistance.    ADVANTAGE - Is capable of benefiting virtually any user regardless of their level of physical conditioning. The modes of the apparatus are simple to select and implement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim describes a fitness apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the treadmill and user having heart rate monitoring capabilities.    pulse detection circuitry (82)
NOVELTY - Any pump or compressor can be used as fluid medium charger but fluid medium must not conduct electricity. Working chamber of turbogenerator stator made in the form of semi- torus or hollow torus open on top accommodates flat ring of bladed rotor mounted for rotation on bearing support. Field winding is secured to ring and stator carries inducing winding. Both windings are placed in additional annular cavities of stator made on its internal and external sides. Winding height equals or is greater than inner diameter of circle forming semi-torus or torus. Rotor ring blades may be made in the form of semi-circle of diameter equal to at least half the inner diameter of torus forming circle or it may be in the form of bucket.    USE - Electric energy generation.    ADVANTAGE - Improved economic efficiency of energy conversion and simplified design.
NOVELTY - Solar battery (2) is arranged on divided type solar panels (2a,2b) which are placed on the roof of vehicle. Power from solar panel is output to motor driving circuit (9). An electromagnetic clutch type pulley transmits the driving force from circuit (9) to electric motor. The motor rotates drive shaft of compressor of air conditioner so that the air conditioner is operated even after engine is stopped.    USE - For car.    ADVANTAGE - Since the pulley transmits electric power from solar panel to the drive shaft of the compressor, air conditioner can be operated even when the cars are parked.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows electric component of multi-used car air conditioner.    Solar battery (2)    Solar panels (2a,2b)    Motor driving circuit (9)
NOVELTY - Motor revolution number deviation is calculated by comparing actual value with limitation value. Inversion devices (20,23) output correction signal based on deviation, to excitation controller of motor. When the revolution number deviates from range of adjustable speed. Computed electric power deviation of motor is output to the controller, when revolution number deviation is within limits.    USE - In hydro-power generation system for controlling revolution number of pump turbine to optimum value during pumping mode.    ADVANTAGE - Since correction signal or electric power deviation value is output to excitation control system of motor, based on change in revolution number of pump turbine, continuous signal is output to the system and interruption in power input to motor is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of control apparatus of pumped hydropower generation system.    Inversion devices (20,23)
NOVELTY - During normal operation of the electric power system (9), a DC-AC converter (18) is connected to the system (9), so that DC power from DC-DC converter (16) connected to respective solar battery (1), is converted to AC power. During abnormality in the system (9), the converter (18) is detached from the system and performs self sustained conversion operation.    USE - Distributed power supply system.    ADVANTAGE - The load feed during normal and abnormal operation of electric power system is performed without interruption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the connection diagram of distributed power supply.    Solar battery (1)    Electric power system (9)    DC-DC converter (16)    Converter (18)
NOVELTY - A photoconductive layer (13) receives light to perform photoelectric conversion, when a current flows in p-i-n joining along horizontal direction.    USE - For magneto optical device, video home camera, facsimile, scanner, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Offers high speed photoelectric conversion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the component of horizontal direction p-i-n junction type optoelectric transducer.    Photoconductive layer (13)
NOVELTY - The gusset plate is formed in waveform shape with projections and recesses. The photovoltaic cell group having photovoltaic cells (101) is fixed on the gusset plate by covers (103,104). The lead wires of the photovoltaic cells are made to exist near flat portion of the reinforcing material (102) and inflection point of recess/projection of the gusset plate.    USE - For e.g. solar battery module used in power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents wrinkle of photovoltaic cell by arranging lead wires near inflection point of projection/recess. Reduces variation during press stamping by arranging bypass diode near inflection point of projection/recess. Improves reliability of module by preventing destruction of bypass diode. Maintains life span of cover by preventing cloudiness of filter. Improves productivity of battery module at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and sectional view of battery module.    Photovoltaic cell (101)    Reinforcing material (102)    Covers (103,104)
NOVELTY - A holder (52) holding solar battery modules (51) includes a coolant path (55) through which coolant is made to flow to cool the modules. Inflow and outlet openings (56,58) which are arranged in a row corresponding to each flow path.    USE - For cooling solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Attains energy conservation and operates solar battery efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of cooling system.    Solar battery modules (51)    Holder (52)    Coolant path (55)    Inflow opening (56)    Outlet opening (58)
NOVELTY - Several solar batteries (3) are sealed between a surface member (1) and permeable backside member. A terminal box (10) which outputs the electric power externally generated by the solar battery, is mounted in the position corresponding to the periphery of solar battery beside the backside member.    USE - Solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Improves electricity generation efficiency and outstanding in design property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of solar battery module.    Surface member (1)    Solar battery (3)    Terminal box (10)
NOVELTY - An U-shaped groove is formed on an external frame (6) which is mounted to periphery of solar panel (5). The exterior edge of solar panel is covered by U-shaped gasket (8) which is fitted to the groove by spring.    USE - Solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - As sealing is performed between external frame and solar panel, water penetration to solar panel is prevented hence degradation of solar battery is prevented. Since gasket is used, operation efficiency of assembly is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows longitudinal cross-section of solar battery module.    Solar panel (5)    Frame (6)    Gasket (8)
NOVELTY - A solar panel (10) comprises a thin film solar battery element (11) and a filler (12) which are formed sequentially on a flat back-lining (13a). Another recursive back-lining material (13b) is bonded with the material (13a) through a binding material (14). The non-contact portion (22) of back-lining material (13b) is separated from the back-lining (13a).    USE - Is installed in buildings, residences, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Strength can be secured without thickening transparent panels, thereby enlargement of substrate integrated thin film solar battery module is realizable. Attachment number at the time of mounting in building outer wall is reduced. Hence operativity can be improved. Avoids usage of expensive fluorine group film for backside board, hence reduces cost. Vacuum lamination method which secures reliability is employable, hence solar battery module can be used for long term.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of solar battery module.    Solar panel (10)    Thin film solar battery element (11)    Filler (12)    Back-lining materials (13a,13b)    Binding material (14)    Non-contact portion (22)
NOVELTY - A gusset plate (107) is provided to non-light receiving surface of photovoltaic cell (101). The radius of curvature of gusset plate towards light receiving surface is 60 mm or more when the curvature is convex, and 80 mm or more when it is concave.    USE - Solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - As edge of solar battery module is bent, generation of defects is prevented hence inexpensive and light-weight battery module is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top and sectional views of solar battery module.    Photovoltaic cell (101)    Gusset plate (107)
NOVELTY - The metal film (102a) and the transparent oxide conductive film (102b) are laminated on a substrate (101) to form an electrode (102). The n-type and p-type fine crystal silicon films (103,105) are formed through an amorphous silicon film (104) on the electrode, to form a photoelectric conversion layer.    USE - For solar battery, image input sensor e.g. image sensor, photosensor.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains excellent photoelectric conversion characteristic by setting desired film thickness for conductive film. Avoids crystallization of transition region by forming electrode and fine crystal silicon film similarly. Improves output characteristics of photoelectric converter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thickness of the conductive film is set as 20-500 nm. Another electrode (106) is formed on the photoelectric conversion layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the schematic diagram showing manufacturing process of photoelectric converter.    Substrate (101)    Electrodes (102,106)    Metal film (102a)    Transparent oxide conductive film (102b)    Fine crystal silicon films (103,105)    Amorphous silicon film (104)
NOVELTY - Semiconductor device (20) is mounted in an inner lead (25) of lead frame. A tie rod (26) supporting the inner rod is externally exposed and a molding structure (24) is formed. The molding structure is trimmed by disconnecting the unnecessary portion of the tie rod, while forming an external terminal (29).    USE - Surface mounted type semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE - Since external force for cutting lead is decreased, production process is simplified greatly. Since resin burr simultaneously generated on the side of molding structure is removed, quality of product is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for semiconductor device manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view and front elevation of semiconductor device.    Semiconductor device (20)    Molding structure (24)    Inner lead (25)    Tie rod (26)    External terminal (29)
NOVELTY - An X-ray transformation layer (1) comprising amorphous semiconductor layer (3) is integrated with switching element matrix (6). A common bias electrode (4) opposing to signal electrode (5) of X-ray transformation layer is connected to bias power supply via resistor.    USE - In solid state operation system to detect radiation such as X-ray for medical diagnosis of X-ray image pick-up apparatus, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Limits electric charge depending on X-ray quantity. Prevents withstand voltage destruction of switching element by raise of voltage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional model diagram of 2-D radiation detector.    X-ray transformation layer (1)    Amorphous semiconductor layer (3)    Common bias electrode (4)    Signal electrode (5)    Switching element matrix (6)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor layer (1) and switching element matrix (4) are integrated suitably. A common bias electrode (2) opposing to signal electrode (3) of semiconductor layer is connected to bias power supply (E) via resistor (R).    USE - In solid state operation system for detecting radiation such as X-ray for medical diagnosis of X-ray image pick-up apparatus, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Limits electric charge generated in semiconductor layer depending on X-ray quantity. Prevents withstand voltage destruction of switching element.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The current flowing through resistor is detected and fall voltage of resistor is detected. The signal read out for each resistor is adjusted based on current detecting signal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional model diagram of 2D radiation detector.    Semiconductor layer (1)    Common bias electrode (2)    Signal electrode (3)    Switching element matrix (4)    Bias power supply (E)    Resistor (R)
NOVELTY - A common bias electrode (2) opposing to signal electrode (3) of semiconductor layer (1) is connected to bias power supply (E) via a switch (20). A current detector (21) detects current flowing through the bias electrode. When detected current value reaches threshold value, a control circuit (22) turns-off the switch and cuts-off bias voltage application.    USE - In solid state operation system for detecting radiation such as X-ray for medical diagnosis of X-ray image pick-up apparatus, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents withstand voltage destruction of switching element and capacitor by saturation voltage raise.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of 2D radiation detector.    Semiconductor layer (1)    Common bias electrode (2)    Signal electrode (3)    Switch (20)    Current detector (21)    Control circuit (22)    Bias power supply (E)
NOVELTY - A mist of halogen compound solution is sprayed on surface of cadmium telluride film which is formed on substrate. The solution is coated on cadmium telluride film and substrate is heated at temperature of 350-500 degreesC in inert gas atmosphere. The substrate is cleaned after heating.    USE - For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE - As quick process can be performed, inexpensive and highly efficient solar battery is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cadmium-telluride film processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows longitudinal cross section of cadmium-telluride film processing apparatus in which processing method is applied.
NOVELTY - The arrangement leads a water current (13) over a suction pipe (3) which works as a generator, whereby the water current moves paddlewheels (18). A ring of permanent magnets is assembled at an outside. An electronic sensor circuit (9, 10, 11, 8, and 12) comprises a protection against idling and freezing.    USE - In low-pressure turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Increases energy yield by multiple factor when coupling several paddlewheels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an arrangement according to the invention.    sensor circuit (9, 10, 11, 8, and 12)    water current (13)    paddlewheels (18)    suction pipe (3)
A lubricated plain bearing includes a bearing body and body (24) to be mounted, in which the bearing body comprises at least one bearing segment (11,21). The bearing segment has a device for lubricant feed directly at a front edge (27) adjacent to the body (24) to be mounted, as seen in the direction of rotation. The bearing segment (11,21) contains a trough or groove (14a) along the edge (27), the groove being joined to a lubricant feedline (16).    The trough or groove (14a) is specifically arranged in the face of the bearing segment (11,21) facing the body (24) being mounted.    USE -   Generator-hydroturbine set in hydroelectric power station.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents overheating of lubricant between bearing body sliding surfaces and body being mounted, even during generation of large amount of heat at plain bearing
NOVELTY - The system has an inlet region analogous to a container outlet or tube inlet of an invention related to fluid flow in pipes or to a buoyancy body of an invention for improving water craft buoyancy and drives. A pump of any type in this region, but analogous to a rotor screw of the water craft invention, is operated at a higher speed than the rotor.    USE - For power generation from wind and water flows.    ADVANTAGE - Optimal use is made of the pressure of a fluid in turbines of wind and water power systems.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an example inlet.
NOVELTY - The hydraulic turbine assembly (3) comprises a vertical water inlet pipe (1) and an outlet draft tube. The inlet pipe extends into the water reservoir (41) of a dam (31) to deliver water to the conventional hydroelectric generating system. The vertical inlet pipe has a water inlet point (5) positioned in the water reservoir to create an inlet vortex formation (34).    USE - For a dam holding a water reservoir and having a conventional hydroelectric generating system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydraulic turbine assembly is of a durable and reliable construction and it is easily and efficiently manufactured and marketed. The outer housing tube has an inlet cone to collect water from the inlet free vortex formation, while the outlet draft tube is in fluid communication with the vertical water inlet pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a right side view of the hydraulic turbine assembly.    Vertical water inlet pipe (1)    Hydraulic turbine assembly (3)    Water inlet point (5)    Inlet vortex (34)    Dam (31)
NOVELTY - A non-perfluoro fluororesin molded article has a low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer on at least a part of its surface.    USE - The molded articles are particularly useful for cover films or cover laminates in solar batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Excellent low-temperature heat-sealability can be achieved when the ratio of the number of fluorine atoms to that of carbon atoms (F/C) in the low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer portion on the molded articles is 0.2-0.9. Such moldings also have high weatherability and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A non-perfluoro fluororesin molded article has a low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer on at least a part of its surface, wherein the low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer portion has a ratio of the number of fluorine atoms to that of carbon atoms (F/C) being 0.2-0.9, a ratio of the number of oxygen atoms to that of carbon atoms (O/C) being 0.09-0.4, and the residual part of the surface layer has FC which is greater than that of the low-temperature heat-sealable surface layer portion and is 0.8-1.8.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph showing the relationship between F/C and O/C of a discharge-treated ETFE film and its heat-sealing strength.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor device (100) comprises a semiconductor substrate (111) having an overlying gate insulating layer; a first silicide layer overlying the gate insulating layer; and a gate electrode (121) overlying the first silicide layer. The first silicide layer (119) is non-reactive to the gate-insulating layer and extends laterally from the gate electrode.    USE - For reducing the hot electron injection problem.    ADVANTAGE - The invention reduces the hot electron injection problem.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a simplified diagram of a metal oxide semiconductor transistor having an inverse-T gate structure.    Semiconductor device (100)    Source/drain regions (107)    Semiconductor substrate (111)    Oxide layer (115)    Lightly doped drain region (117)    First silicide layer (119)    Gate electrode (121)    First sidewall spacers (123)    Second sidewall spacers (125)    Second silicide layer (127)
NOVELTY - A high electron mobility transistor has a buffer layer (23), a barrier layer (26) over the buffer layer, and a channel layer (25) between them. The three layers have three doped regions (24, 27) with three doping densities. The second doping density is higher than the first and third doping densities, while the first is higher than the third doping density.    USE - For microwave applications.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a higher output power but does not have low breakdown voltage or low electron mobility. The current density and the breakdown voltage of the device are improved due to the more efficient triple doping profile. The improvement was demonstrated by a 25% higher output power and a 9% higher power added efficiency compared to the prior art. Linear power performance is also improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device.    Buffer layer (23)    Doped regions (24, 27)    Channel layer (25)    Barrier layer (26)
NOVELTY - Long-wavelength infrared photodetector comprises a substrate; a buffer layer on the substrate; an active layer; and a contact formed on the active layer.    USE - For military and civilian applications.    ADVANTAGE - The invention results in a voltage responsivity of 1.9 mV/W at 10.6 mum and at room temperature and the corresponding Johnson noise limited detectivity is 1.2x106 cmHz1/2/W. The carrier lifetime is estimated as 0.7 ns from the bias voltage dependent responsivity measurements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Long-wavelength infrared photodetector comprising (a) a substrate; (b) a buffer layer on the substrate; (c) an active layer of InSbxBi1-x, where x is equal to zero or approaching 1; and (d) a contact formed on the active layer.
NOVELTY - The system comprises a sensor at user location which transmits user identification data to an automated control location through a communication system. In response, a control information is automatically derived from database, by the control location, based on user data, and then transmitted to the controller which controls the fitness equipment.    USE - For interactive programmable fitness equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Enables user to interact with fitness experts on-line and receive exercise and information and control information.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The user identification information includes exercise device information, its inclination, force applied, weight and gender of user. The communication system is Internet and automated control location is a sewer and web site.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of interactive programmable fitness system.
NOVELTY - An actuator (28), driven by a drive mechanism (26), is coupled to an exercise bar (34) to impart passive motion relative to a support frame (12). A controller controls the drive mechanism and selectively causes movement of the exercise bar relative to the support frame. The driving force from the drive mechanism is transmitted through a linkage system, top provide passive movement of a specific portion of human body.    USE - For stretching and strengthening arms, legs and back to improve and maintain physical fitness and agility, and also for physical rehabilitation of the aged.    ADVANTAGE - Is capable for performing shoulder, back exercise, as well as thighs and buttocks in varying manner due to resistance of passive motion. Simultaneously controls movement of other body parts, thus allowing user to alternately yield and resist to passive motion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side elevational view of the stretching and exercise device.    Stretching and exercise device (10)    Support frame (12)    Leg members (14)    Back rest (16)    Pad for back rest (18)    Seat (20)    Pad for seat (22)    Leg support surface (24)    User-activated control system (25)    Drive mechanism (26)    Actuator (28)    Actuator tube (30)    Support member (32)    Exercise bar (34)    Angled lever arm (36)    Coupling member (38)    Arm of lever (39)    Pivot point (40)    Second coupling member (42)    Foot plate (44)    Movable platform (46)    Attachment member (48)
NOVELTY - Module has solar cells and monolithic optical set of prismatic concentrators whose faces opposing working surfaces are arranged in same plane; part of large rear surface abutting against top of each prismatic concentrator as well as smaller face opposing angle on top of prismatic concentrator are covered with reflecting coating. Solar cells are mounted on large rear surface of each prismatic concentrator at points free from reflecting coating.    USE - Solar power engineering; heat and power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Improved safety of solar cells under all atmospheric conditions; increased service life; increased productivity in assembling photoelectric modules. 2 cl, 2 dwg
NOVELTY - Each vertical material (3) is extended in the inclined direction on main portion of roof (1). The main portion of roof supports vertical material via fitting. The fitting has groove for holding the vertical material. The movement of vertical material is permitted only in the longitudinal direction and is not permitted in the right and left direction.    USE - For use as covering material.    ADVANTAGE - As the vertical material is held by groove present in the fitting, thermal expansion of vertical material can be eliminated, thus improving workability of vertical material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of solar-battery roof.    Roof (1)    Vertical material (3)
NOVELTY - Crosspiece (4) of screw stop (11) arranged to side of solar-battery (1A), hangs between support material (101) which is fixed on foundation material (102). Water drip portion (104) overlaps with upper end junction of crosspiece. A clamp (105) is formed on the base of water drip portion and clamp is rotated at the upper end junction. The support is covered by curved area of the water drip portion.    USE - In solar battery roof.    ADVANTAGE - As the rotation of clamp is performed at upper end junction portion of crosspiece, airtight property is secured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Sealing element (106) is equipped between upper end junction portion of crosspiece and water drip portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially enlarged cross-sectional view of solar battery roof.    Solar battery (1A)    Crosspiece (4)    Screw stop (11)    Support material (101)    Foundation material (102)    Water drip portion (104)    Clamp (105)    Sealing element (106)
NOVELTY - A frame with through-hole, is attached surrounding base, on whose upper surface a photo-semiconductor element is mounted. A cylindrical fixing unit (9) is attached to periphery of hole. A cover which performs airtight sealing of element is attached to upper surface of frame. Transparent portion (10) is attached by unit (9) via binding material (12) whose Young's modulus is 3 GPas or less.    USE - For accommodating photosemiconductor element.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids generation of thermal stress in transparent portion due to difference in thermal expansion coefficient among the transparent portion and fixing unit. Avoids generation of birefringence or double refraction in the transparent portion, thus improving light signal transmission efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fixing unit (9) has a space for transmission of light. The binding material contains 5-50 weight percent of acrylic type rubber in epoxy resin.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal part expanded view of the photosemiconductor element package.    Fixing member (9)    Transparent member (10)    Binding material (12)
NOVELTY - Nickel powder and other two types of powders are mixed inside main portion (1) of battery container, having a casing of rubber or silicon material. The case is hardened along with adhesive agent. A lead wire distributed to anode and cathode provided in inner wall upper surface of main portion and transparent board for light receptions is provided on upper surface of container main portion.    USE - For use as power source for electric vehicle especially train. Also for buildings and exclusive tower. Also for use as power source of space station.    ADVANTAGE - Balance in demand and supply is obtained by using inexpensive solar battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for storage apparatus which stores generated electrical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of solar battery.    Main portion of battery container (1)
NOVELTY - The gas containing n-type conductivity impurity and raw material gas containing p-type conductivity impurity are supplied to interior of chamber, to form p-type conductivity silicon epitaxial layer (23). The supply of gas is stopped and supply of raw material gas is continued. A high p-type resistant layer (24) grown on epitaxial layer, has impurity concentration is smaller than that of epitaxial layer.    USE - For photodiodes and bipolar integrated circuit.    ADVANTAGE - The high resistant epitaxial layer is obtained with high stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of epitaxial growth method.    Silicon epitaxial layer (23)    High resistant layer (24)
NOVELTY - Electrical energy is recovered from artificial light using solar cells.    USE - To recover energy from artificial light, in a cited example, charging a battery.    ADVANTAGE - Recovery of energy is ecologically-friendly, because it can be used elsewhere rather than simply dissipated.
NOVELTY - Several water tanks (12) are stacked vertically. A penstock (20) and tube (18) are provided between the tanks connecting them in series. The penstocks are electrically connected to storage batteries (34) for storing power generated by flow of water from each tank. A return pipe (22) with pump (24) returns water from bottom tank (16) to top tank (14) forming a closed circuit system.    USE - For home or building utility rooms.    ADVANTAGE - Offers portable and inexpensive standalone hydroelectric power generator, as tanks are looped into a close circuit system. Enables sustained and need based use of generated power as storage batteries are used. Enables addition of tanks to suit power demand. Offers environment safe. Cheap to run system as fossil fuels or commercial fuels are not used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An inline water flow pressure monitor (26) provided in the return pipe (22) is connected with a feedback pipe (28) from upper end of the return pipe (22). A valve (30) in the feedback pipe is opened when the inline pressure drops below predetermined pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic side view of micro hydroelectric power generator.    Water tank (12)    Top link (14)    Bottom link (16)    Tube (18)    Penstock (20)    Return pipe (22)    Inline pressure monitor (26)    Feedback pipe (28)
NOVELTY - The PV panel (1) has a back surface (8) and a front surface (9) exposed to an ambient light. A light-emitting device (LED) (3) is integrated to the PV panel by being inserted into the PV panel hole. The LED emits light to the PV panel front surface, thereby the PV panel forms a predetermined background for the LED.    USE - For display device.    ADVANTAGE - PV material is not adversely affected by any shadows on the PV panel. Enables formation of LED insertion hole in PV panel without resulting significant loss of power output. Attains reduction of size, weight and cost of display device due to combination of PV cells and display, while increasing portability, efficiency and reliability. Enables sealing and compacting display device by using PV panel, hence making display device more reliable against vandalism and theft because the perforated panels can be identified easily. Enables displaying lighting efficiently even without orienting PV panel to collect solar energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a display device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section of a display device with a PV panel.    PV panel (1)    LED (3)    Back surface (8)    Front surface (9)
NOVELTY - An external frame has two longitudinal side rails (200) which are connected together by front frame cross-bar (201). Two rollers are rotatably mounted on external frame and positioned between two rails. The motor assembly mounted on external frame, is coupled to the rollers via fly assembly for driving the endless belt that extends between two rollers.    USE - For use in therapeutic treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Superior stability and lifting power are obtained by providing automatic dampening system, thereby automatically dampening the impact of user's step on treadmill deck for users in all weight ranges. By using unique flywheel assembly, the rotational motion of the treadmill belt is improved and load on the motor is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flywheel assembly, motor assembly and rollers are mounted on the respective axis. The external frame is also mounted with deck and auto dampening pads for improving the dampening effects.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the elements of external frame of treadmill.    Longitudinal side rails (200)    Front frame cross-bar (201)
NOVELTY - A remote computer transmits corresponding advertisements to an exercise apparatus currently used by an exerciser. The exercise apparatus displays the received advertisement when the exerciser performs exercise using the apparatus.    USE - For controlling exercise device such as stationary bicycles, stair climbers, rowing machines, tread mills and weight machines etc.    ADVANTAGE - Provides ability to transmit text data including messages, news headlines, sports scores, stock market prices, weather reports, advertisement, etc., to provide mental activity during exercise.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows electronic control system of stationary bicycle.
NOVELTY - A sensor which detects pulse signal, is mounted on printed circuit board (104) provided within hollow portion (120) of handle (102). A radio frequency (RF) transmitter (112) performs transmission of pulse signal from sensor to radio frequency receiver (123). A weight (110) is slidably held between the end bars (106,108) provided at either ends of handle.    USE - In adjustable handheld exercise weight.    ADVANTAGE - The cost is reduced since the need for discrete handheld weight is eliminated. The user's body is monitored without the need for additional equipment. Moreover user is able to control other equipments.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows isometric view of handheld exercise weight.    Handle (102)    Printed circuit board (104)    End bars (106,108)    Weight (110)    Radio frequency transmitter (112)    Hollow portion (120)    Radio frequency receiver (123)
NOVELTY - The dumbbell has a tubular main body having two ends, the first end has a concave surface, the second end has a flat surface and supports several function switches. A main shaft positioned on the axis of the tubular main body, the main shaft attached between the first and the second end. A D.C. motor in the main body, the motor spaced from and rotatable around the main shaft, the rotation of the motor around the shaft generates strong vibrations of the dumbbell.    USE - For electronic exercising dumbbell.    ADVANTAGE - Dumbbell weight is light and factor because stimulation and toning of muscles of body relies upon vibration produced by variable centrifugal force of an eccentrically mounted D.C. motor within the housing of dumbbell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A handle has a U shape and is tubular for the storage of batteries for the D.C. motor, the end of each leg of the U is pivotally attached across the main body. Motor rotational speed controls on each leg of the U of the handle, the speed controls coupled between the batteries and the motor and activated by compression of the handle legs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view illustrating the dumbbell of the invention.
NOVELTY - The P-conducting layer comprises a semiconductor material with a large energy gap allowing all light to pass through, and the N-conducting layer comprises a semiconductor material with a small energy gap, so that only infra-red light is used. Light with a spectrum corresponding to the energy gap between the two layers is used, and the P-conducting layer thickness is chosen to provide good conductance properties for exiting light, since it allows light only into the barrier layer between the two semiconductor layers.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The heterogeneous cell acts as a perpetum mobile for converting infinite amounts of heat into electrical energy.
NOVELTY - On silicon substrate (1), n-type single crystal silicon layer (2), and p-type single crystal silicon layer (3) and insulation layer (4) with opening are formed sequentially. In opening of insulating layer, multilayer film (7) with many silicon and silicon-germanium single crystal layers is formed, whose surface orientation is different from that of bottom silicon layer.    USE - For optical subscriber type communication systems.    ADVANTAGE - Light receiving efficiency is high even when receiver is thin, because of the high light receiving ability of boundary surface of silicon and silicon-germanium layers. Parasitic capacitance and leakage current is low.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - p-type single crystal silicon layer (8) is formed on multilayer film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the optical receiver.    Silicon substrate (1)    n-type and p-type single crystal silicon layers (2,3)    Insulation layer (4)    Multilayer film (7)
NOVELTY - The inner cylinder (2) having a light-emitting layer at its interior, is rotated centering around a long axis within an outer cylinder (1). Fuel (F) and combustion air (A) are supplied to a supply port (1a) of outer cylinder and are made to combust at internal circumference of inner cylinder. The inner cylinder is pre-heated using the combustion gas (G) ejected via outlet (1b) of outer cylinder.    USE - For thermo-optical electromotive type electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since fuel is pre-heated by recovering heat of combustion exhaust gas with high efficiency, heat loss is reduced greatly. Enables generation of flame and combustion gas of high temperature within the combustion chamber, reliably and efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Porous thermal storage material is contained in the outer cylinder (1) made of heat resistance heat insulating material. The light-emitting layer formed at the interior of the inner cylinder, emits light with heat of combustion caused by the supply of fuel and combustion air to the outer cylinder. An opto-electric transducer generates electricity using the emitted light. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thermo-optical electromotive type electricity generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of cross-section of thermo-optical electromotive type electricity generator.    Outer cylinder (1)    Supply port (1a)    Outlet (1b)    Inner cylinder (2)    Combustion air (A)    Fuel (F)    Combustion gas (G)
NOVELTY - A solar power generation unit (1) is arranged in a specific order and an electrode (3) is fixed. A bus bar (2) outputs the electromotive force from the electrode.    USE - For solar panel.    ADVANTAGE - The solar power generation element of high efficiency and low cost is provided. Has large industrial value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method for solar power generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic explanatory view of solar panel.    Solar power generation unit (1)    Bus bar (2)    Electrode (3)
NOVELTY - A cylindrical fixing unit (9) consisting of iron-nickel alloy with a predetermined weight percent is welded to the outer periphery of a through-hole (2a) provided in an iron cobalt oxide alloy frame (2) by a secondary thermal process. The frame (2) is attached to a base (1) to surround a photo-semiconductor mounting structure (1a) arranged at the upper surface of the base.    USE - For accommodation maintenance of photo-semiconductor element.    ADVANTAGE - Improves light transmission efficiently by preventing double refraction of light in transparent plate by eliminating the generation of thermal stress.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cylindrical fixing unit (9) has a space for transmission of light signal. A transparent plate (10) consisting of amorphous glass blocks up the inner area of the cylindrical fixing unit. A cover material (3) is arranged at the upper surface of the frame to seal the photo-semiconductor element (4) installed on the mount airtightly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates a sectional view of photo-semiconductor package.    Base (1)    Photo-semiconductor mounting structure (1a)    Frame (2)    Through-hole (2a)    Cover material (3)    Photo-semiconductor element (4)    Fixing unit (9)    Transparent plate (10)
NOVELTY - Sensor element (5) which performs optical detection by carrier excitation is distributed in the form of array. The carrier density of contact layer (2) which is provided to lower part of the sensor element is varied partially.    USE - Quantum well type infrared ray sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Fluctuation and variation of bias impressed to each sensor element is less. Reduction of overall sensitivity of the sensor element by free carrier absorption, is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of quantum well type infrared ray sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the quantum well type infrared ray sensor.    Contact layer (2)    Sensor element (5)
NOVELTY - The end of a cylindrical fixing unit (9) used in optical signal transmission is attached with a transparent member (10). A cover (3) which seals the element is attached to the top of a frame (2). A notch (A) is provided at the end face of the fixing unit, corresponding to the peripheral edge of the transparent member.    USE - For photo semiconductor element.    ADVANTAGE - Light excited by the photo semiconductor element does not generate double refraction. The transmission efficiency of the optical signal is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photo semiconductor element (4) is mounted on the mount portion (1a) of a base (1). A frame (2) with a through hole (2a) is formed on the side portion of the base.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of accommodation package of photo semiconductor element.    Base (1)    Mount portion (1a)    Frame (2)    Through hole (2a)    Cover (3)    Photo semiconductor element (4)    Fixing unit (9)    Recess (9a)    Transparent member (10)    Notch (A)
NOVELTY - Fuel (F) and combustion air (A) are alternately supplied to a fluorescent tube (1) from its end side which are then burnt. The combustion air is heated beforehand using the ceramic honeycomb type thermal storage elements (2a,2b) provided at respective ends of the tube, and the combustion gas is exhausted. The fluorescent tube emits light with the heat of combustion.    USE - For operating heat excitation light emitting device used in thermo-optical electromotive type electricity generator.    ADVANTAGE - Since combustion air is preheated with high efficiency using thermal storage elements, heat loss is reduced greatly, thus generation of combustion gas of high temperature within the fluorescent tube is enabled reliably. Since the light emitting layer is heated efficiently due to the generation of high temperature combustion gas inside the fluorescent tube, excitation efficiency is improved greatly. The efficiency of thermo-optical electromotive type electricity generator is improved by 20% or more after photoelectric conversion, by the improvement in the excitation efficiency of heat excitation light emitting device thereby simplifying the generator and reducing its cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of heat excitation light emitting device.    Fluorescent tube (1)    Thermal storage elements (2a,2b)    Combustion air (A)    Fuel (F)
NOVELTY - The spectrophotometer has resin-made diffraction grating (10). Grating holder (12) holding diffraction grating covered by transparent quartz sheet (16) and spacer forming an airtight space are insulated by insulator (18) except on the surface of holder. Based on signal from thermosensor (22), adjustment circuit (24) heats heater (20) for maintaining temperature of the grating at constant value.    USE - For liquid chromatograph.    ADVANTAGE - Stabilized analysis is achieved and change in temperature of environment do not influence analysis due to the provision of temperature control mechanism into grating and flow cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Heat retention section (40) guides liquid to insulator flow cell (30). Based on signal from thermosensor (38), adjustment circuit heats heater (36) which keeps temperature of flow cell and heat retention section (40) constant so that temperature of mobile phase in photoirradiation position and sample is maintained at a fixed value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of spectrophotometer.    Diffraction grating (10)    Grating holder (12)    Transparent quartz sheet (16)    Insulator (18)    Heater (20)    Thermosensors (22,38)    Adjustment circuit (24)    Flow cell (30)    Heat insulator (34)    Heater (36)    Heat retention section (40)
NOVELTY - One end of solar battery module (1) is accommodated in a frame-like support arranged at roof ridge portion (M). A connector and a head jamb (5a) arranged at one end of frame-like support and solar battery module, respectively, are connected mutually. The connector is movable and deformable.    USE - Roof installation type solar power generator for use in residence.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies attachment of solar battery module on roof and insertion or removal of loaded items, thus construction, maintenance and inspection of solar power generator are also made simple. Removal of troublesome sheet metal loaded item etc. are avoided, thus solar power battery generator which is very outstanding in versatility, operativity and reliability is offered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective diagram of roof installation type solar power generator.    Solar battery module (1)    Head jamb (5a)    Roof ridge portion (M)
NOVELTY - The power recovery arrangement includes a frame structure, which consists of a bottom frame located at the floor of the water body. A top frame is located across the highest water level. Vertical supports connect these two frames. Rotors and/or cavities for obtaining energy are arranged in the frame. The frame also serves as the foundation for water structures. The vertical supports are designed to be hollow. Water inlet and outlet, connection to a compressed air storage, located at the top and valves are also provided.    USE - Converting kinetic energy from waves and other water flows, e.g. in rivers or streams, to electric power or other forms of energy.    ADVANTAGE - Improves economy of known systems using all types of water movement to obtain power. Additional uses are also facilitated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the overall arrangement in side view.
NOVELTY - The magnetic resistance device(10) comprises a rotatable shaft, fixed housing and a magnetic resistive force member engaged with rotatable shaft. magnets are engaged with the housing and disposed on one side the magnetic resistive force member. The magnets are disposed in alternating polarity around the magnetic resistive force member. Magnetic fields are formed between the magnets to create eddy currents within the magnetic force resistive member.    USE - Resistance device which utilize a magnetic force to provide resistive force e.g. as with bicycle trainers.    ADVANTAGE - Is easy to manufacture, operate and provides an effective resistive force for the user of the trainer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a bicycle trainer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Shows a perspective view of the magnetic resistance device    magnetic resistive device (10)    bicycle trainer (12)    flywheel (36)    threaded nut (40)    adjustment notches (200)
NOVELTY - Hydraulic turbine has horizontal shaft mounted on two supports and two opposing rectangular blades. The latter are equally spaced from shaft for forced turning about their axes parallel to shaft at angular velocity twice as low as that of shaft in direction opposing sense of shaft rotation. Blade width equals two distances from axis of its rotation to shaft edge. Blade surface above shaft is aligned with vertical plane crossing shaft axis. Planes of blades are spaced 90 degrees. apart.    USE - Hydroelectric power engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Improved efficiency of turbine.
NOVELTY - Water stream is bifurcated by means of vertical guide wall whose height is slightly greater than maximum flood level of river. Guide wall is built at certain angle of, say, 30-35 degrees to water flow to form converging channel turning into canal through which water runs to hydropower unit. At point where stream bifurcation begins, guide wall is provided with hinged turning door which is free to set at different angles to water flow for separating waster stream into larger and smaller ones conveyed to power unit. The latter is installed so that hydraulic turbine axis is horizontal and perpendicular to water stream. It is fixed in position either on metal pontoon or on two opposing concrete baseplates forming open rectangular duct of water canal. Pontoon is free to move vertically up and down in this duct depending on water level of river.    USE - River-water-to-electric energy conversion.    ADVANTAGE - Provision for optimal operating conditions of hydropower unit at all water levels of river.
NOVELTY - The layer having band gap smaller than band gap of the optical detection layer, is formed between the optical detection layer and the optical sensitive layer.    USE - GaN group semiconductor light receiving element.    ADVANTAGE - Photoluminescence light is generated and hence improves sensitivity of semiconductor light receiving element having outstanding resistance property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The crystal substrate is made up of material through which light passes. The buffer layer (2) which is an optical sensitive layer, is made up of material capable of material emitting photoluminescence light, based on reception of light and is formed on the substrate. The optical detection layer is made up of GaN group material which generates carrier based on generated photoluminescence light. The optical detection layer is formed on the buffer layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram of light receiving element.    Buffer layer (2)
NOVELTY - Heat pipe (5) is placed at the back side of solar panel (1). Peltier cooling device (6) powered by solar panel is connected to heat release end of heat pipe.    USE - In e.g. solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - As the solar battery is cooled by heat pipe, solar power generation efficiency is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of solar power generation system.    Solar panel (1)    Heat pipe (5)    Peltier cooling device (6)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor film for optical transducers is manufactured by processing the film by heat in presence of sulfuric acid followed by pigment sensitization. The film thus formed is subsequently deposited on an electroconductive support body.    USE - For optoelectric transducer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electro-conductivity of the semiconductor particles in the film is enhanced by low melting point or softening point of the polymeric support body, during heat processing. The photoelectrochemical cell and optical transducer provided with semiconductor film have excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) semiconductor film for optoelectric transducers;    (b) photoelectrochemical cell containing semiconductor film
NOVELTY - The area of the pixel is divided perpendicularly with common gate lines (Vg1-Vg8) that are connected to drive unit. The drive unit is arranged adjoining to the divided area. Similarly, the pixel area is divided perpendicularly with signal lines connected to reading unit, arranged adjoining to the divided area.    USE - For area sensor, X-ray image pick-up.    ADVANTAGE - Quickens driving velocity by minimizing gate line resistance. Raises sensitivity since capacitance of cross part of gate and signal lines are minimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of photoelectric converter.    Common gate lines (Vg1-Vg8)
NOVELTY - A stationary plate (4) is pinched between floor plate (14) of cavity (12) and ground plate (3). A bolt (5) is made to penetrate a ground plate (3) and passes through a groove (13) of floor plate (14). The bolt is thrusted into a screw hole provided at the floor plate to fix the ground plate to the floor plate.    USE - In solar battery module for solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Ground plate is easily attached in the frame by simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view illustrating ground structure of solar battery module.    Ground plate (3)    Stationary plate (4)    Bolt (5)    Cavity (12)    Groove (13)    Floor plate (14)
NOVELTY - An active matrix substrate (1) provided with pixel array layer, is connected via insulating anisotropic conductive agent (3) to an opposing substrate (2). Electrically conductive particles (8) are dispersed in the conductive agent. A bump electrode is formed on substrate (2) in the area which does not overlap with electrode wiring and switching element (5).    USE - For detecting two dimensional radiation images such as infrared, visible and ultraviolet ray images.    ADVANTAGE - Since electrically conductive particles are dispersed in the anisotropic conductivity agent, parasitic capacitance generated in electrode wiring of active matrix substrate is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of two dimensional radiation image detector.    Active matrix substrate (1)    Opposing substrate (2)    Insulating anisotropic conductive agent (3)    Switching element (5)    Electrically conductive particles (8)
NOVELTY - Sensor portion (2) is arranged on the insulated substrate (1) through supporting plates (4a,4b). Signal processor consists of amorphous silicon thin film transistor formed between insulated substrate and sensor portion, and connects sensor portion to external circuit.    USE - For detecting infrared rays.    ADVANTAGE - Cost of insulated substrate is reduced, thereby reducing the cost of sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of sensor.    Insulated substrate (1)    Sensor portion (2)    Supporting plates. (4a,4b)
NOVELTY - An n-type inversion damage area (26) is found in the mercury containing p-type semiconductor substrate (21) by performing dry etching process. The drying and etching process is performed using selective etching gas of predetermined mix ratio and the amount of conductivity type inversion damage flares (26A) is reduced.    USE - For infrared detector.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents overlapping of n-type impurity area and n-type inversion damage area. Miniaturizes substrate, since space of phase adjoining n-type impurity area becomes unnecessary.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cut side view of substrate.    Substrate (21)    N-type inversion damage area (26)    Conductivity type inversion damage flares (26A)
NOVELTY - Low concentration carrier layer is formed on the compound semiconductor substrate (1) by processing the substrate using excitation hydrogen. N-type area (2) is formed in the upper section of the substrate. PN junction (3) of P-type substrate and N-type area is formed in the low concentration carrier layer.    USE - For infrared detector used for processing electrical contact with read-out circuit.    ADVANTAGE - Improves breakdown voltage of PN junction. Forms reliable infrared ray photodiode array with sufficient reproducibility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for Mercury-cadmium-tellurium group photodiode array manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the substrate.    Semiconductor substrate (1)    N-type area (2)    PN junction (3)
NOVELTY - Photoirradiation control method involves irradiating the metal semiconductor metal (MSM) photoconductor with a light having wavelength below a predetermined wavelength resulting in reduction of bulk negative resistance component of electric current voltage characteristic.    USE - For photoirradiation control to reduce non-linearity of electric current voltage characteristic, and to control oscillation of metal semiconductor metal (MSM) photoconductor.    ADVANTAGE - Controls electric current voltage characteristics and oscillation of opto-electronic devices efficiently using simple technique.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photoirradiation control apparatus.
NOVELTY - A schottky contact electrode (12) and an ohmic contact electrode (13) are arranged on CuAlS2 single crystal substrate (11).    USE - For solid state optical device.    ADVANTAGE - Transmittance rate of light is changed by application of electric field.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for chalcopyrite type compound semiconductor manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph explaining component and capability of optical device.    Substrate (11)    Schottky contact electrode (12)    Ohmic contact electrode (13)
A semiconductor detector comprises a flat semiconductor cell with bias electrode and signal extraction electrode formed on either sides. The bias electrode is divided into several electrode components along the Z-axis. Voltage of different values are applied between the signal extraction electrode and the electrode components.    USE -   In nuclear diagnostic apparatus used for diagnosing body metabolism such as diseased part, fatty acid in blood stream by monitoring distribution of injected radio isotope and analyzing output radiation using SPECT and PECT.    ADVANTAGE -   The splitting of bias electrode into multiple components, improves position recognition accuracy of gamma ray.
NOVELTY - The device includes a rechargeable battery for powering the light where it is recharge by solar cell. A controller produces different levels of light in dependence upon output from the solar cell recharger representing level of incident light.    USE - Displaying information.    ADVANTAGE - Automatically switched the back light off during day and recharge the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS include a control apparatus for controlling the display device and a method of controlling the display device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the display device.
NOVELTY - A signal interface apparatus (24') cooperates with a motion sensor (22). A signal input port receives signals from the motion sensor in response to motion of an object (12). The interface provides signals to the input port (50) to operate a software (28) to drive a display (14) to display a motion of the moving object.    USE - For interfacing between a source of motion and computerized video display, not integral with the motion source.    ADVANTAGE - Less complex and less expensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.    object (12)    display (14)    motion sensor (22)    signal interface apparatus (24')    software (28)    input port (50)
NOVELTY - The system (1) has a solar module (7) at the head of the awning for a power supply, and an electric motor for moving the awning. The solar module comprises a flexible, thin foil which is fastened with a broadside to the awning head. The system contains a radio receiver (3), control electronics (4), and a rechargeable battery (5), which are arranged in an awning box (6).    USE - The awning can be used for a window, door or terrace.    ADVANTAGE - Enables operation independent of line supply, and enables simple installation and operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the awning system.    Awning system (1)    Radio receiver (3)    Control electronics (4)    Rechargeable battery (5)    Awning box (6)    Solar module (7)
NOVELTY - The installation includes a wind wheel, water wheel (3), two solar plates (1,1A) and wind and current plate (4). Also bearings (11), floats (14), turn table (5), base plate and legs (7) are included which works together to convert four natural resources to electric power suitably.    USE - For electric power generator used in natural resources such as rain, wind, wave and solar energy for use in water and also in lands. Also for use in e.g. car manufacturing factories, chemical producing plants, machine workshops, oil wells, oil refineries.    ADVANTAGE - Electric power generation is not interrupted even without one or two resources.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The natural resources are converted to suitable electric power by adjusting level of tide and direction wind and current suitably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the electric power generating installation.    Solar plates (1,1A)    Water wheel (3)    Turn table (5)    Legs (7)    Floats (14)
NOVELTY - Two conductors (68) are arranged to respective opposite surfaces of planar solar cell. An interconnector mounts bypass diode (84) on solar cell such that it is spaced apart from beveled edge at one of the four corner locations of the cell. A phantom triangular-shaped element is defined which completes its ordinary outline. The bypass diode is triangular and sized to fill the void defined by this element.    USE - For solar cell assembly of solar panel used in spacecraft.    ADVANTAGE - The unique robust construction of solar cell assembly reduces cost and improves efficiency, by combining cell interconnector and diode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The bypass diode is connected between the conductors in series to protect the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows detailed top plan view of bypass diode and interconnector.    Conductor (68)    Bypass diode (84)
NOVELTY - A first layer may be conducting upon applying a voltage across the contact electrodes when exposed to irradiation through an irradiation source (5) of an energy high enough for lifting charge carriers from the valence band to the conduction band of the first material. The contact electrodes are arranged on a same first side (7) of the first layer with a lateral spacing.    USE -   For handling high electric power for switching high voltages (which may be 2-400kV) and currents, for example in surge diverters, current limiters and the like.    ADVANTAGE -   Irradiation control may provide for a very fast switching, which is of particular importance in high power applications for protection of the equipment when faults occur. Reduces the risk of breakdown at lower voltages. Capable of holding higher voltages in their blocking (open) state and increases the reliability of the switch. A lower contact resistance and a lower overall resistance of the switch. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a first preferred embodiment of the invention. (1) first layer; (3) contact electrodes 2; (5) irradiation source; (7) first side.
NOVELTY - To the aluminum stringer (8) fixed to the building via a guide (18) for fixation, the aluminum plate (14) holding solar panel (7) on its surface is fixed. The guide is provided at the backside of the plate and it is extended in longitudinal direction of the plate.    USE - For insulating solar panel in roofs of building.    ADVANTAGE - The solar panel is not removed from the aluminum plate due to strong winds, as aluminum stringer and guide for fixation are used. As guide for fixation is used, the aluminum plate holding the solar panel is attached simply. The removal of the solar panel from the aluminum plate is prevented, as screws are used for fixing the panel to the plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar panel (7) is fixed to the aluminum plate via screws (16).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows vertical cross-sectional diagram of the solar panel installation structure.    Solar panel (7)    Aluminum stringer (8)    Aluminum plate (14)    Screws (16)    Guide (18)
NOVELTY - On the heat-insulation layer (B) formed on the roof foundation (A), a cross-piece (C) is arranged to form air-passage layer (D). A roof material (E) comprising solar-battery module (6) is arranged on the surface of the cross-piece.    USE - For solar-battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Since air-passage layer is formed by arranging cross-piece on heat insulation layer, the solar-battery module is cooled efficiently. Therefore, reduction of electricity generation efficiency due to generation of heat is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the roof structure.    Solar battery module (6)    Roof foundation (A)    Heat-insulation layer (B)    Cross-piece (C)    Air passage layer (D)    Roof material (E)
NOVELTY - A horizontal rail (5) is fixed to upper surface of roof foundation (3) via a vertical rail (4). A step portion is formed by the panel (6a) existing on upper side of solar power generation panel, which is joined by rail (5) to panel (6b) which exist on lower side. The panels (6a,6b) are joined vertically and mutually clamped by cover material (9).    USE - For incorporating solar power generation panel in roof.    ADVANTAGE - By virtue of the roof structure, the roof can be enabled to have three dimensional effect with enhanced ornamental property. Also the incorporation of solar panel in the roof does not appear odd.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows roof structure with solar power generation panel.    Roof foundation (3)    Vertical rail (4)    Horizontal rail (5)    Panels (6a,6b)    Cover material (9)
NOVELTY - A pipe (53) with opened upper portion is provided to the head-jamb unit (25) of the panel frame (23). A projected collar (62) is provided horizontally to the frame sill portion (26). A water drip unit (63) is protruded from the undersurface of the collar. An intermediate connector (64) connects the water drip unit intermediate portion with side of sill portion.    USE - Installed in roofs of residential building.    ADVANTAGE - The damage of frame is prevented as the solar panel is installed efficiently on the roofs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents sectional view of the solar energy collecting panel.    Panel frame (23)    Head-jamb unit (25)    Frame sill portion (26)    Pipe (53)    Collar (62)    Water drip unit (63)    Intermediate connector (64)
NOVELTY - A junction (8) is inserted in insertion recess (10) of panel mounting broad (6), so that it is configured in right angled direction to the board. Then, the junction is relatively displaced within an accommodation recess so that connection protrusion (14) of board (6) connects the junction undersurface. Board (6) is clamped by outer board (4) to prevent its movement along longitudinal direction.    USE - For panels such as decoration board or solar panel mounted on roof or outer wall.    ADVANTAGE - The panels can be simply attached to the roof or wall.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The outer board having rising portions (4b,4d) is configured in parallel to a foundation board (2). The upper parts of the rising portions of the outer board mutually adjoin the junction (8). The panel (16) is attached to the panel mounting board.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the outer enclosure.    Foundation board (2)    Outer board (4)    Rising portions (4b,4d)    Panel mounting board (6)    Junction (8)    Insertion recess (10)    Panel (16)
NOVELTY - Polymerization pieces (17,23) are provided to the upper portion of ridge edge portion and eaves edge portion of metal roof material (2), respectively. Binding material (61) vertically supports the polymerized pieces and blocks the eaves side piece from the ridge side piece.    USE - For installing solar panel.    ADVANTAGE - Damage to metal roof material, during installation of solar panel is prevented and the solar panel is installed simply and reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of the metal roof material.    Roof material (2)    Polymerization pieces (17,23)    Binding material (61)
NOVELTY - The perovskite-type manganese oxide thin film contains calcium or strontium and lanthanide, manganese and oxygen. The metal-insulator phase transition temperature of the manganese oxide thin film exists in the thermoelectric refrigeration temperature range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of manganese oxide thin film. The rapid heat treatment of the manganese oxide film is performed in an oxygen surplus atmosphere.    USE -   For infrared rays sensor (claimed). The sensor consists of detector which consists of manganese oxide thin film, and reading circuit.    ADVANTAGE -   The characteristics of manganese oxide thin film is improved. The infrared rays sensor is highly sensitive and the expensive optical components in it can be replaced by plastics.
NOVELTY - During voltage reduction in electric power system (8) connected to load (10), link protective relay (13) outputs signal corresponding to abnormality in the system. Semiconductor switch (16) connected between system (8) and load (10) is turned OFF, based on the signal so that output power from invertor (2) is fed to the load disconnected from the system (8), and power supply from invertor (1) is cut-off.    USE - Distributed power supply.    ADVANTAGE - Since the invertor output power is fed to the load detached from electric power system at the time of voltage reduction, the power supply to the load is continued without interruption even during abnormality in the electric power system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit diagram of distributed power supply.    Invertors (1,2)    Electric power system (8)    Load (10)    Protective relay (13)    Semiconductor switch (16)
NOVELTY - The invertor (12) converts the DC voltage output from the solar power generation modules (2a-2n) to alternating voltage which is supplied to respective monitoring station (13). Monitor performs supervision of the operation of solar power generation modules. Comparator and decision unit are provided to each monitoring station to compare operating condition of each power generation module.    USE - For monitoring each electricity generation unit of a solar power generation system or wind mill.    ADVANTAGE - Since the operation of electricity generation unit is monitored individually, power consumption is reduced and the fault is detected easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a solar power generation system.    Solar power generation modules (2a-2n)    Invertor (12)    Monitoring station (13)
NOVELTY - A prism attachment frame (2) fixed to both sides of prism (1) has same thermal expansion coefficient of prism material. A protrusion (4) formed at the end of frame (2) attaches the leg of clamping plate (3) to the emission surface side of prism and provides a slit to the bonding plane of clamping plate leg.    USE - For color video camera.    ADVANTAGE - As slit is provided to the protrusion junction portion, snatching is prevented thus temperature reduction of frame is reduced. The protrusion of attachment frame to both sides of the prism improves manufacturing process and heat release property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exterior perspective diagram of attachment frame and clamping plate.    Prism (1)    Prism attachment frame (2)    Clamping plate (3)    Protrusion (4)
NOVELTY - An attachment frame (2) which is a metal plate or ceramic board, has thermal expansion coefficient of prism material. The attachment frame is fixed on right and left sides of prism (1). A clamping plate (3) having legs (7) arranged along light emission surface side of prism, is joined to protrusion (4) having a cavity and formed on the light emission surface side.    USE - For solid-state image pick-up device in color video camera.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing process is simple and heat releasing property is improved by the cavity provided in the protrusion. Since heat generation is avoided, gap formation with prism under intense temperature difference is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of optical apparatus.    Prism (1)    Metal plate (2)    Clamping plate (3)    Protrusion (4)    Leg (7)
NOVELTY - The amount of light irradiated on the substrate (101) and amount of carriers discharged are measured by the quantum island (104). The Fermi level limits the amount of carriers transferred to the channel. When light is not incident on the substrate, the minimum current flowing in the channel is determined based on Fermi level shifting value.    USE - In photodetector.    ADVANTAGE - The optical sensing element can operate even at normal temperature and hence manufacturing cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sketch of polarization of light of optical sensing element using quantum island.    Substrate (101)    Quantum island (104)
NOVELTY - A silicon layer (20) which allows penetration of laser light is formed on the glass substrate (10). P-type and N-type areas (32,31) are formed in the silicon layer by injecting respective impurities selectively. Then, N-type electrodes are formed on the P-type and N-type impurity area.    USE - For laser interferometer, velocity and displacement sensors.    ADVANTAGE - P-type and N-type impurity areas are adjoined by Si layer. Thus, operation of laser interferometer becomes stable and large measuring range is obtained. Problems created by mechanical alignment apparatus are solved and also coupling loss of laser interferometer is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional explanatory view of processes involved in manufacturing of light receiving element.    Glass substrate (10)    Silicon layer (20)    P-type and N-type areas (32,31)
NOVELTY - Strip shaped anode side terminal (12), cathode side terminal (13) and solar battery (11) are air tightly enclosed in weather resistance protection unit (18). Ends of the terminals are attached to protection unit for conduction. Anode and cathode side connectors (19,20) are connected to power cables for power collection.    USE - For use in power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since terminals are enclosed in air tight unit, degradation of terminals is prevented and entry of water is prevented, hence endurance is enhanced. Cost is reduced as terminal box is not needed to be bonded.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) solar battery manufacturing method;    (b) attachment structure of solar battery to roof    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the top view of solar battery module.    Solar battery (11)    Anode side terminal (12)    Cathode side terminal (13)    Weather resistance protection unit (18)    Connectors (19,20)
NOVELTY - The positive and negative terminals of the adjacent solar panels (11) arranged vertically on roof, are connected in series by a cable (16).    USE - In residences.    ADVANTAGE - The wiring connection of the solar panel is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents perspective diagram of the installation structure of the solar panel.    Solar panels (11)    Cable (16)
NOVELTY - The module has multiple double-sided light reception type solar battery cells (2). A direct light (7) is incident on the upper surface of the cell whereas a scattered light ray (9) is incident on the lower surface of the cell. A reflecting mirror (5) is provided below the solar cell.    USE - For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Size of module is reduced by double-sided light reception nature and therefore cost is reduced. Since decorative function is added to solar battery module, the industrial value of solar battery module is added.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial cross-section of solar battery module.    Solar battery cell (2)    Reflecting mirror (5)    Direct light (7)    Scattered light ray (9)
NOVELTY - Multiple solar power generation elements (A-D) are formed on sheet-like wiring (2) acting as optical reflex layer. The solar power generation elements of one wiring layer are serially connected with that of the other wiring layer. Parallel arrangement of serially connected reflex layer structure is formed in solar power generation module.    USE - Solar power generation module.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies wiring structure by connecting power generation elements in series through optical reflex layer hence product yield is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar power generation module manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solar power generation module.    Wiring (2)    Solar power generation elements (A-D)
NOVELTY - The chromium film (2) is formed on a substrate (1) of semiconductor film (3) formed above the chromium film is subjected to laser annealing to form polycrystalline surface. The I type polycrystalline silicon film and P-type polycrystalline silicon film are sequentially laminated on the surface of the polycrystallized semiconductor film.    USE - For optoelectric transducer for use in solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since the diameter of crystal grain of semiconductor film can be enlarged, electrical property of optoelectric transducer is raised.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for semiconductor film manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional model diagram of polycrystalline semiconductor film.    Substrate (1)    Chromium film (2)    Semiconductor film (3)
NOVELTY - A gate electrode (15) reads out the electric charge in photodiode area (17) and forwards it to drain area (19). A shield layer (18) for suppressing surface recombination in photodiode area is provided on upper portion. Length of lower portion of electrode extends to photodiode area such that there is no gap between photodiode and drain areas when electrode is in OFF state.    USE - Complementary metal oxide semiconductor image sensor with reading gate for use in charge coupled device.    ADVANTAGE - Since the lower portion of gate electrode extends towards photodiode area having a length such that there is no gap between photodiode area and drain area, the possibility of high voltage reading out is avoided. Hence the image pickup device prevents generation of surface recombination, without causing defects from P layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of CMOS image sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of components in CMOS image sensor.    Gate (15)    Photodiode area (17)    Shield layer (18)    Drain area (19)
NOVELTY - A sapphire substrate (27) and a semiconductor substrate are bonded through an epitaxial layer. Parts of the semiconductor substrate are selectively removed to form an island (31-1). Transmission lines (32,33) are formed on areas not occupied by the island. Wirings (34,35) are formed to electrically connect the island and the transmission lines.    USE - For semiconductor device mounting structure.    ADVANTAGE - Wire bonding and soldering need not be used, thereby enabling reduction in parasitic components and in shape. Reflection of electrical signal can be reduced, preventing degradation of electrical signal waveform. Prevents variation in characteristic resulting from connection of island and transmission lines. Prevents deterioration of heat release property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional view of the semiconductor device during manufacture.    Sapphire substrate (27)    Island (31-1)    Transmission line (32,33)    Wiring (34,35)
NOVELTY - Conductive paste consists of aluminum powder and glass frit which consists of Bi2O3 of 30-70 mol%, B2O3 of 20-60 mol% and SiO2 of 10-50 mol%. The content of glass frit is about 0.5-10 volume percentage of the content of aluminum powder.    USE - For electrode formation on p-type silicon substrate of crystal system silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to form aluminum-silico eutectic structure layer as the boundary surface of the backside electrode and the p-type silicon substrate uniformly without gap. Raises the conversion efficiency of the solar battery using conductive paste.
NOVELTY - The adjacent solar battery modules (5,101) are connected with the help of a switch (6). The serial syntropy of solar battery module changes based on the ON or OFF condition of the switch, depending upon the light incident on each solar battery module.    USE - For solar power generation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Connection condition is altered, because the switch changes ON or OFF depending on the incident light on solar battery module. Since solar battery is connected serially, maximum power can be extracted and hence electricity generation efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the component of the solar battery array.    Solar battery modules (5,101)    Switch (6)
NOVELTY - The glass window (9) contains 5 or less ppbs of uranium and thorium.    USE - For semiconductor package such as solid state image pick-up element used for video camera, camcorder.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates to obtain glass window with low soft error rate and with good thermal expansion coefficient. Offers infrared absorbing glass with sensitivity correction function and offers compact charge coupled device using the glass window.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for glass window manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of optical system of camcorder.    Glass window (9)
NOVELTY - Thermoplastic resin film (15) is laminated on base film (12) by applying tension along biaxial direction to form laminated film (18).    USE - The laminated film is useful as sealing film for solar battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The laminated film without wrinkles and air bubble is produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows (a) typical top view and (b) side view of the manufacture of laminated film.    Base film (12)    Thermoplastic resin film (15)    Laminated film (18)
NOVELTY - A portion of conductor (22) is covered by a wire (23). The portion other than the wire covered portion and also a part of conductor are coated by butyl group rubber (24). The end portion of the conductor is not covered by the rubber.    USE - For solar panel.    ADVANTAGE - Since the conductor is covered by butyl group rubber, the penetration of water or gas is prevented, therefore poor insulation between solar battery cells is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The butyl group rubber (24) provided on the conductor is covered by a heat shrinking tube (25). The butyl group rubber is moisture resistance material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of lead wire.    Conductor (22)    Wire (23)    Butyl group rubber (24)    Heat shrinking tube (25)
NOVELTY - The system has an audio cassette tape having two audio channels and a first set of instructions physical fitness training stored on the first audio channel and a second set of instructions physical fitness training stored on the second audio channel. An audio cassette player reads the two set of instructions respectively stored on the two channels of the audio cassette tape. An audio speaker communicatively coupled to the audio cassette player to provide audio tones includes the two set of instructions read by the audio cassette player to a user wearing the audio speaker.    USE - For providing personal instruction.    ADVANTAGE - provides personalized real time instruction for physical fitness training.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for providing real time instructions for personal physical fitness training.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
NOVELTY - The beam side edge of a solar battery module (2) is mounted on a mount unit of a support material (1). A water receptacle unit is provided to the eaves side edge of the solar battery module. A waste water tank is provided on both sides of the water receptacle unit. The solar battery module is mounted such that the waste water collected by waste water tank blows through waste water path.    USE - The solar power generation apparatus is installed on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE - Special water proofing finish is need not be performed, hence simplifying construction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view explaining the attachment method of solar battery module.    Support material (1)    Solar battery module (2)
NOVELTY - The column of solar panels are attached to roof surface (12A) through support. The roof surface has mounting position display unit (16) which shows the mounting position (15) of support which is attached accordingly.    USE - For installing solar panel in roof surface of buildings such as residence for generating electricity from sunlight.    ADVANTAGE - Mounting operation of support of solar panel is simplified by the provision of mounting position display unit and shows the exact mounting position of the support    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram showing the solar panel installation method to roof surface.    Roof surface (12A)    Mounting position (15)    Mounting position display unit (16)
NOVELTY - Upper sheets (4) slidably laid on foundation (2), are provided with rising portions (4a,4b) and bend portions at top forming an exterior and interior joint portions. U-shaped fitting (6) covering the joint portions, is fastened to the joint portions via bolt. Upper portion of the fitting is installed with horizontal plate portion. A structure (8) e.g. solar panel is supported and joined to plate portion.    USE - For attachment of solar panel and decorative boards to roof or outer walls of buildings.    ADVANTAGE - Attachment structure is easily fixed to roof or side walls due to simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The structure is joined to plate portion through pressure plates (7) and nuts and bolts.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of attachment fitting for fixing solar panel to foundation.    Foundation material (2)    Upper sheets (4)    U-shaped fitting (6)    Structure (8)
NOVELTY - A non-combustible roof lining plate (3) is fixed to rafters. A roofing material (4) with sealing property of nail hole is laid on the upper surface of the roof lining plate. The back side of the solar power generation attachment panel (7) bound by frame (10) around its perimeter is fixed on the roofing material.    USE - For roof structure in residential buildings, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents destruction of solar power generation attachment panel during fire break due to provision of non-combustible roof lining plate. Prevents rain water leakage due to provision of roofing material with nail hole sealing property. Reduces cost due to elimination of cement mortar structure. Prevents efficiency drop of the solar power generation attachment panel by providing air cooling space behind it.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An air passage portion is formed to the back side of solar power generation attachment panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows notched perspective view of solar power generation attachment panel.    Non-combustible roof lining plate (3)    Roofing material (4)    Solar power generation attachment panel (7)    Frame (10)
NOVELTY - The angle of rotation of handle of bicycle (1) is calculated. An interface unit (2) consists of convertor which converts angle of rotation to digital signal and counter which counts number of revolution of pedal. Based on both the outputs, a computer (3) calculates the vehicle position which is then displayed by display device (4).    USE - Training machine such as bicycle, aerobike.    ADVANTAGE - The trainer can be trained effectively without weariness, as he can observe the displayed output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of training machine.    Handle of bicycle (1)    Interface unit (2)    Computer (3)    Display device (4)
NOVELTY - The current generator has pipes (5) leading from a low level to altitude at which, after heating by solar energy, a medium containing water rises and emits water in the upper region by condensation by cooling with cold air. The water acts via a down pipe on a turbine connected to a current generator. The medium containing water is the ambient air. Heating rods (7) are mounted in the pipes and the air is additionally heated in the valley by black-painted surfaces (2) exposed to the sun.    USE - For current generation with artificially generated water on high mountains or towers.    ADVANTAGE - Operates in a very environmentally friendly manner and without external power supplies.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a current generation system    aluminium plates (2)    suction pipes (5)    heating rods (7)
NOVELTY - A disconnect mechanism (18) has a relay switch connected between motor drive circuit (11) and electric power source, and control switch (22) coupled to a relay coil (21). The control switch generates output signal from a safety mechanism (23) to energize the relay coil and to open the relay switch to disconnect the motor drive circuit from the power source. The electric motor drive is thus de-energized.    USE - For electric motor which operate exercise machines such as tread mill, exercise bike, stair climber machine.    ADVANTAGE - An orderly and non-destructive shutdown of the motor is accomplished when a fault condition is recognized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The safety mechanism includes a difference circuit (26) and threshold circuit (30). The difference circuit produces a difference signal representing the difference between actual motor speed and desired motor speed. The threshold circuit generates output signal for activating the control switch of disconnect mechanism. The safety mechanism generates output signal for activating the disconnecting mechanism when actual speed exceeds the desired speed by predetermined amount.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of runaway protection mechanism.    Motor drive circuit (11)    Disconnect mechanism (18)    Relay coil (21)    Control switch (22)    Safety mechanism (23)    Difference circuit (26)    Threshold circuit (30)
NOVELTY - Exerciser has actuating device connected through kinematic system to loading device provided with electric engine. Shaft of electric engine is mechanically connected to input of kinematic system. Exerciser is further provided with speed setter, first summing unit, speed regulator, first load setter, second summing unit, load regulator, controlled voltage converter, with all mentioned elements being connected in series, as well as load sensor and load indicator, actuating device position sensor, speed sensor, load change threshold setter, third summing unit, nonlinear link, second load setter and switching unit.    USE - Sports equipment for working different groups of muscles.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency in exercising different groups of muscles by versatility and provision for step-by-step changing of loading and adaptation of load value to sportsman's capabilities.
NOVELTY - On detecting light signal, reset voltage is applied to gate voltage of MOS transistor (Q1) which converts sensor current to detection voltage having logarithmic characteristic, and drain-source impedance is reduced by controlling charging-discharging of capacitor (C). When sensor current is below or above preset level, linear or logarithmic response area is formed to detect charging-discharging current.    USE - For image sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The influence of overall parasitic capacitance is reduced and sensitivity is raised, and an optical sensor circuit pixel is made small. As the sensitivity is increased, the linear output signal detects weak light by high sensitivity and has high S/N ratio and high resolution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sensor current in obtained by converting light signal by photoconductive film (L1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of components of optical sensor circuit.
NOVELTY - The encapsulation and molding method comprises: (a) preliminary encapsulating a luminous element using a resin composition; (b) heating and hardening the resin composition; (c) inserting the resin composition into a mold; (d) and filling the same resin composition in the mold for hardening.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The resin composition contains: (a) a vinyl ester; (b) at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of an allyl ester monomer, an acrylic ester monomer, and a methacrylic ester monomer; (c) N-nitrosophenylhydroxylamine salt; and (d) an organic peroxide.    USE -   The encapsulation and molding is used for optical devices, including a light emitting diode, a photosensor, a laser.    ADVANTAGE -   The use of the vinyl ester resin as an encapsulating material enhances productivity and quality.
NOVELTY - An optical absorption layer (12) is formed between N-type InP layer (11) and p-type InGaAs layer (13). The absorption layer is comprised by laminating carbon doped p-type InGaAs layer (12b) between pair of non-doped i-type InGaAs layers (12a,12c).    USE - In photodiode used in optical communication system.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates to obtain optical amplifier with high output characteristic by reducing space charge in depletion layer since p-type semiconductor layer is interposed between i-type semiconductor layers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of photodiode.    N-type InP layer (11)    Optical absorption layer (12)    i-type InGaAs layers (12a,12c)    InGaAs layer (12b)    p-type InGaAs layer (13)
NOVELTY - Material such as diamond has a trap level which captures the excited carrier. Based on the quantity of light permeated through the material, the measuring unit measures the information corresponding to the carrier captured by the trap level of material.    USE - For optical disk recording and regeneration device in analog computer.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains information corresponding to carrier captured by trap level efficiently.
NOVELTY - The lamination apparatus (L) has upper and lower chambers (10,12) divided by a diaphragm (9). A conveying belt (14) for moving processing components (A) passes along only two edges of lower chamber. A coating belt (15) covers the components on the upper side opposite conveyance belt. A heat generation board (11) is formed at lower chamber below belt (14).    USE - For conveying components used for solar panel manufacture in lamination apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - When the filler overflow occurs by heat application, the adherence of filler on heat generation board is prevented by belts. Hence attains favorable lamination.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of components lamination apparatus.    Diaphragm (9)    Chambers (10,12)    Heat generation board (11)    Belt (14)    Coating belt (15)    Processing components (A)
NOVELTY - The ceramic substrate (1) is provided with depressions (31,32). Preamplifier IC chip (3) and a photodiode (4) mounted on the depressions (32,31) respectively are connected by a bonding wire (10).    USE - For optical communication system.    ADVANTAGE - Receiving sensitivity of the receiver is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for light transmitting module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the light transmitting module.    Ceramic substrate (1)    Preamplifier IC chip (3)    Photodiode (4)    Bonding wire (10)    Depressions (31,32)
NOVELTY - The through hole (9) of the printed circuit board (1) is coated by a dry resist film (4) to prevent flow of resin (8) into polar zone (2b). The dry resist film surrounds the periphery of light emitting element (5).    USE - Optical semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE - Since extrusion of resin is prevent, manufacturing process is simplified. Since space between resin and PCB is reduced, size of semiconductor device is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of optical semiconductor device.    Printed circuit board (1)    Polar zone (2b)    Dry resist film (4)    Light emitting element (5)    Resin (8)    Through hole (9)
NOVELTY - Substrate (80) for surface mounting is connected to one end of substrate connection lead (50) and its other end is connected to electrical connecting terminal receptacle. The receptacle connects terminal of light transmitting module (30) and substrate connection lead electrically.    USE - For optical fiber transmission system.    ADVANTAGE - Since standard potential layer is provided to socket, waveform degradation is prevented and interference between adjacent electrical connecting terminals are suppressed. Since impedance matching of connecting terminals is performed, high frequency transmission is made possible.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrical connection procedure of socket.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the external view of socket mounted in light transmitting module.    Light transmitting module (30)    Substrate connection lead (50)    Substrate (80)
NOVELTY - When a gate electrode (5) is at high potential and main electrodes (12,2) are maintained at high and low potentials, electron discharge takes place from electrode (2) to electrode (12), constituting forward current. When main electrodes are maintained at low and high potentials, electron discharge is from main electrode (12) to main electrode (2), constituting reverse current.    USE - Bi-directional switching element such as bi-directional control rectification element and bi-directional diode silicon symmetrical switch for power semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE - Since the bi-directional switching element can be manufactured in a low-temperature environment, cost reduction can be achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Two gate electrodes (5,15) consist of Mo film and Ti film. Gate electrodes formed on silicon substrate (100), covered by oxide film (1b), are electrically insulated. The main electrodes (2,12) are formed on adjacent sides of gate electrodes on the silicon substrate. Depending upon the potential of main electrodes, electron discharge takes place between main electrodes, when the gate electrode is at high potential. If gate electrode potential is reduced, current stops flowing. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for bi-directional switching element manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and sectional view of bi-directional switching element.    Oxide film (1b)    Main electrodes (2,12)    Gate electrodes (5,15)    Silicon substrate (100)
NOVELTY - The size of the solar panel (32c) which is to be mounted on a building roof surface (3A), is set depending on the standard size of each portion of the building.    USE - For electricity generation in building.    ADVANTAGE - Since size of the solar panel is set depending on the standard size of each portion of the building, no roof surface in left uncovered by the solar panel, thus operation efficiency of the architecture site is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of building roof.    Building roof surface (3A)    Solar panel (32c)
NOVELTY - A frame (11) of solar panel has hole for passing through fitting for fixing corrugated sheet. The hole forms a slit (3C) along horizontal direction of corrugated sheet. The vertical direction pitch of slit is same as that of corrugated sheet fitting.    USE - Solar panel structure mounted on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE - Frame installation work is avoided, thereby reduces installation cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar panel installation procedure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows component of solar panel structure.    Slit (3C)    Frame (11)
NOVELTY - The solar panel (21A) is formed in the shape of tetragon. Gradient is provided on the roof (13) so that water collected in the edge of solar panel is drained.    USE - For roof with solar pane in building.    ADVANTAGE - Improves drainage ability for draining rain water as gradient is provided on the edge of the solar panel and hence drainage in pipe is improved as rain water does not collect in the pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of building with solar panel.    Roof (13)    Solar panel (21A)
NOVELTY - The support (1) installed in the roof limits movement of roof in direction perpendicular to the inclined direction of solar panel module (2) of a beam. The fixing tool (3) fixed to the rafter (12) of roof limits movement of solar panel module mounted on roof.    USE - For attaching solar panel module on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies attachment even in case where the arrangement pitch of the rafter of roof is different. Reduces gas between solar panel module and roof surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram explaining attachment method of solar battery module.    Support (1)    Solar panel module (2)    Fixing tool (3)    Rafter (12)
NOVELTY - The roof panel transportation jig (15) is loaded on the platform of a track. The roof panel (6) after fixing a solar panel (11) is sequentially loaded and piled in the jig for conveying the roof panels.    USE - For transporting roof panel with solar panel used as roof of building.    ADVANTAGE - Improves transportation efficiency as jig is sequentially loaded with roof panel and solar panel is already attached in roof panel. Field work is reduced as it is unnecessary to attach solar panel on roof panel on the spot as solar panel is already attached in roof panel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for jig for transporting roof panel with solar panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of transportation jig.    Roof panel (6)    Solar panel (11)    Roof panel transportation jig (15)
NOVELTY - The unit has a facility to adapt to the difference between the direction the suns rays in summer (I) and winter (II). In summer the unit has a sun blind (8) that is lowered and is linked with a reflector (7). In winter the blind is raised to allow the full effect of the sun to be received.    USE - For solar energy control    ADVANTAGE - Allows adjustment between summer and winter    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a general view of the solar energy control apparatus.    suns rays in summer (I)    suns rays in winter (II)    reflector (7)    blind (8)
NOVELTY - The flow power or wind power machine uses improved alignment engineering provided for one end of the carrying frame (1), to produce an alignment necessary for the driving of a saw, a piston pump or a linear generator.    USE - Flow power machine especially a wind power machine also suitable for flowing water.    ADVANTAGE - Due to aerodynamic construction has good buoyancy contributing value or output. The system can survive severe storms. Rotates slowly, small eddy or noise build-up. Provides improved alignment technique compared to machine with tiltable frame.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system facilitates e.g. a track course for the aerodynamic profile of the vane (3) with straight stretches between turning arcs. The engagement angle is optimally adjustable in operation on the straight stretch compared to the relative flow of the wind. One single aerodynamic vane (3) may be used or twelve vanes may be arranged on the circumference of a circle and a stand (6) is provided for the alignment. One alignment-rod or rail (2.2) is preferably arranged vertically or horizontally instead of a tiltable frame. A suitable carriage may travel in an elliptical course or other shaped course.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic plan view of the windmill.    Guide rod, rail (2.2)    Flat plates (3)    Carrying frame (1)    Driven or drive shaft (5)    Piston Pump (9)    Stand (6)    Flow direction (13)    Direction rotation (21)
NOVELTY - Power plant has electric generator and two vertical cylinders open at the top and mounted at same elevation; cylinders accommodate loosely mounted pistons and valve mechanism with actuator ensuring alternate shut-off of top ends. Cylinders are partially filled with working fluid and their bottom ends are intercommunicating. Power plant is also provided with third vertical cylinder placed between former ones, reversing drive, control unit, piston top position sensors, rolls with flexible coupling between reversing drive and piston. Bottom end of third cylinder is connected to bottom ends of first and second cylinders and its top end, to their top ends through uptake pipelines provided with check valves at points of connection. Water-wheel generator has its turbine placed above working fluid level in cylinders, and each piston is made in the form of disk with hole or holes along cylinder axis and with check valve or valves closing these holes when piston moves up. Piston density is higher than that of working fluid; piston top position sensors are placed level with lower points of connection of uptake pipelines to cylinders and are coupled with control unit connected to reversing drive and to mentioned valve mechanism actuator. Holes communicating with atmosphere are provided in third cylinder wall above working fluid level but below turbine.    USE - Power engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Improved power generation efficiency and uniformity of its distribution among users.
NOVELTY - A light receiver (24) and a light emitter (23) are mounted on two different circuit boards. A transparent resin sealing film (25) arranged to cover light receiving surface of semiconductor chips is provided with a V-shaped groove (22). A reflecting film (26) is provided on groove so that the light emitted from the light emitter (23) is directed towards the light receiver (24) through reflecting film.    USE - For multimedia apparatus such as notebook type personal computer, portable information terminal, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to obtain a thin sized optical device. Enables to emit light parallel to circuit board using reflecting film at groove.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top and sectional views of semiconductor device.    V-shaped groove (22)    Light emitting element (23)    Light receiving element (24)    Transparent resin sealing film (25)    Reflecting film (26)
NOVELTY - The light beam is emitted from side of the chip (13). The resin sealing structure (16) transmits the light beam of specific wavelength. A film is formed at groove that is formed in inclined state in optical path of light beam. The light beam is reflected in upper direction by the resin sealing structure and transmitted along side direction.    USE - For optical module used in notebook PC, portable information terminal, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size and thickness of semiconductor device. Facilitates emission of laser from upper surface of resin sealing structure by formation of groove. Enables control of light emission strength by monitoring emitted light. Facilitates reception of external light.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The intensity of light beam is monitored by receiving the light beam reflected by film in another chip (15).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and sectional view of semiconductor device.    Chip (13)    Resin sealing structure (16)
NOVELTY - A transparent resin sealing film (14) is provided to seal a semiconductor chip (13) which emits an infrared ray. Two reflecting films (15,16) are provided in V-shaped groove (17) formed at the transparent resin film (14) so that the light is reflected by the films along mutually different directions.    USE - For multimedia apparatus such as notebook type personal computer, portable information terminal, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to monitor light emission strength. Enables to obtain thin, flat shaped optical device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top and sectional views of optical device.    Semiconductor chip (13)    Transparent resin sealing film (14)    Reflecting films (15,16)    V-shaped groove (17)
NOVELTY - The thickness of superlattice multiplication layer (3) (dsl), sheet dope layer (2) (dsd) and an optical absorption layer (1) (dab) are such that they satisfy a predetermined relationship. The thickness of optical absorption layer is 0.5-1mum. The thickness of superlattice multiplication layer is 0.6-1.5mum and the thickness of sheet dope layer is 0.1-0.5mum.    USE - Used as light receiving element for optical communication.    ADVANTAGE - Negative current is reduced and hence S/N is raised. Comprehensive capability is raised, and hence superlattice APD is formed with high speed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The relationship between the thickness of all the three layers (dab,dsl,dsd) is dab less than dsl less than (dab+dsd).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electric field distribution of structure of superlattice avalanche photodiode.    Optical absorption layer (1)    Sheet dope layer (2)    Superlattice multiplication layer (3)
NOVELTY - Electrical potential difference generator of avalanche photodiode (APD) light receiving apparatus (34), generates electrical potential difference depending on temperature change using difference of temperature characteristics in two transistor circuit. Bias voltage generator generates bias voltage of preset potential based on electrical potential difference and supplies it to a light receiving element.    USE - In optical free space transmission system.    ADVANTAGE - The desired current image scale factor is always obtained irrespective of temperature change.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of APD light reception apparatus.    APD light receiving apparatus (34)
NOVELTY - A suitable ion is selectively injected onto HgCdTe substrate (12) of photodiode board (16) to form n-type area (15) after coating the substrate with surface protective film (17). The board is then heated by which impurity of n-type area is diffused deeply than the damage area (16). The protective film and surface of substrate are removed to form n-type area without damage area.    USE - For manufacturing photodiode used for infrared ray detection.    ADVANTAGE - By forming conductive area without damage area, dark current is made to reduce, thereby improving manufacturing yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of manufacturing process of photodiode.    HgCdTe substrate (12)    N-type area (15)    Photodiode board (16)    Surface protective film (17)
NOVELTY - The bases of a bipolar transistor pair (7,8) are connected mutually and the emitter of transistor (7) is connected to controlled potential terminal (9). The base potential is set such that the current proportional to light signal current, flows as emitter current. The emitter of other transistor (8) is connected to a capacitor (10) and the charge at the capacitor is extracted as light signal.    USE - Photoelectric converter.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces circuit scale and power consumption, by eliminating need for op-amp. The mean level of light signal can be known effectively since logarithmic quantity of time integral of light signal current is output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit diagram of photoelectric converter.    Bipolar transistors (7,8)    Potential terminal (9)    Capacitor (10)
NOVELTY - Lower light absorption layer (13) consisting of p and n-type layers (13x,13y), n-type buffer layer (15), upper n-type light absorption layer (17) and n-type window layer (19) are sequentially laminated on p-type substrate (11). Energy gap wavelength of layer (17) is greater than that of layer (13). Energy gap wavelength of layer (13) is greater than that of the substrate (11), and the layers (15,19).    USE - For wavelength multiplexing optical communication system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves operating characteristics of light emitting element. Performs photoelectric conversion of light of larger wavelength reliably. Prevents degradation of reliability and attenuation of light signal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A p-type diffusion area (21) is formed partially on the window layer (19) so that the diffusion area is in compact with the upper light absorption layer (17). A p-type main electrode (23) is formed on the diffusion area. A n-type electrode (25) is formed on the window layer around the diffusion area. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the light receiving element manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of light receiving element.    Substrate (11)    Lower light absorption layer (13)    P and n-type layers (13x,13y)    Buffer layer (15)    Light absorption layer (17)    Window layer (19)    Diffusion area (21)    Electrodes (23,25)
NOVELTY - The solar battery array (2) consists of several solar battery modules (1) divided into groups (G). Each solar battery module is wired to an AC converter (3) by a conducting wire.    USE - Used in solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Operativity of the wiring operation is improved by using conducting wire which connects solar battery module and AC converter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of solar battery wiring structure.    Solar battery module (1)    Solar battery array (2)    AC converter (3)    Group (G)
NOVELTY - A roof panel (4) comprises several solar battery modules (1) and AC converters (2) installed on the board (3). Several roof panels are then combined together. The AC output from the AC converter is connected to a distribution board.    USE - Used in solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Reliability of the solar battery device and workability of the site is improved by installing solar battery module and AC converter on the panel board. Operations like maintenance, inspection and repairing at time of trouble are done easily as AC converter is attached in the under surface of the roof panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded perspective view of panel unit in solar battery apparatus.    Solar battery module (1)    AC converter (2)    Board (3)    Roof panel (4)
NOVELTY - Linear actuator controls elevation angle of photoelectric converter, when inner cylinder (21) is installed or removed by outer cylinder (22). A cover encloses the inner cylinder along with outer cylinder.    USE - For condensing tracking type power generator using solar power in buildings.    ADVANTAGE - Maintenance is simplified, by providing cover to inner movable cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of vertical actuator in condensing tracking type electrical power generator.    Inner cylinder (21)    Outer cylinder (22)
NOVELTY - A cell assembly consisting of a solar cell is held in a heat spreader (50) provided with a dowel (56). The dowel is inserted into the holes formed in a base panel (22) and in a heat sink panel (23) to fix the base and heat sink panels. The heat sink panel diffuses the heat conducted through the base panel from the cell assembly.    USE - For solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to assemble solar modules quickly and easily. Enables to obtain a long maintenance free period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar cell assembly.    Base panel (22)    Heat sink panel (23)    Heat spreader (50)    Dowel (56)
NOVELTY - The electricity generation module (10) has several solar cells (52) connected in series. A light emitting diode (61) and by-pass diode are connected in parallel to each solar cell.    USE - Solar power generation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The by-pass diode connected parallely to each solar cell prevents stoppage of power generation apparatus even when some solar cells break down.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of electricity generation module.    Electricity generation module (10)    Solar cells (52)    LED (61)
NOVELTY - A solar panel (2) is installed on the surface of a support material (1). An endogenic layer (3) is formed on the backside of the support material.    USE - Solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - The endogenic layer formed on the backside of the support material absorbs the heat effectively and prevents the temperature rise of solar panel. Reduction in electricity generation efficiency is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of solar battery module.    Support material (1)    Solar panel (2)    Endogenic layer (3)
NOVELTY - The reflecting surfaces which are grooves (29) configured perpendicular to the sealing body (25), is arranged at predetermined angle to a light receiving element (26) reflecting surface element. The light receiving surface (29) of other chip receives the light emitted from the light emitting element (26).    USE - For multimedia apparatus such as notebook type PC, portable information terminal, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - Size of the apparatus is reduced as usage of optical instruments such as prism is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device includes two semiconductor chips (23,24) having light receiving element and light emitting element respectively. Both the semiconductor chips are sealed as a single unit by a transparent resin sealing body (25).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the explanatory drawing of optical semiconductor device.    Semiconductor chips (23,24)    Sealing body (25)    Light receiving element (26)    Light receiving surface (29)
NOVELTY - The optical sensor comprises a PMOSFET (2) whose gate is connected to base of phototransistor and source to collector of the transistor. The source of a PMOSFET (4) is connected to emitter of the phototransistor and gate is connected to drain of PMOSFET (2). A constant current source (3) supplies drive current to PMOSFET (2).    USE - For optical sensor used in solid state image pick-up.    ADVANTAGE - Exhibits high speed response, as potential between base and emitter of transistor is beta times the photoelectric current.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The phototransistor outputs amplified photoelectric current through emitter based on light incident onto base. The PMOSFET (4) amplifies photoelectric current from transistor and outputs it through drain.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of optical sensor.    PMOSFETs (2,4)    Current source (3)
NOVELTY - The ESD circuit is constituted by small resistors and capacitors. The resistors (8,10) and capacitors (7,9) incorporated in a package constitute the ESD protective circuit.    USE - In TO-5 type package.    ADVANTAGE - As expensive zener diodes become unnecessary, manufacturing cost of IR sensor reduces. Moreover since ESD protective circuit comprises small resistors and capacitors accommodating ESD protection component in small packages like TO-5 is possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of IR sensor.    Capacitors (7,9)    Resistors (8,10)
NOVELTY - The elements (12) are closely formed on a substrate (11), which is joined to jig (13) on both sides. After removing the substrate (11), electrode mounting is performed. Then the jig is isolated from the elements.    USE - For electronic components such as sensors and oscillators.    ADVANTAGE - Since the elements are clustered and formed on a substrate, reduction of substrate material usage can be achieved which contributes to size reduction and cost reduction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the mounting construction method.    Substrate (11)    Element (12)    Jig (13)
NOVELTY - A transparent resin sealing body (25) with predetermined thickness seals the semiconductor chip with a light emitter (23) and a light receiver (24). A ramp (27) as a reflecting surface (26) is formed on the sealing body. The incident light of light receiving surface is performed through the reflecting surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the optical semiconductor module.    USE -   For e.g. supplementary class note personal computer, portable information terminal, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers extending optical path in horizontal direction due to ramp formed on sealing body. Reduces size of optical semiconductor module by forming lens on sides. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of an optical semiconductor device. (23) Light emitting surface; (24) Light receiving surface; (25) Sealing body; (26) Reflecting surface; (27) Ramp.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor chip with light receiving surface or light emitting surface is fixed to a support board. A transparent resin sealing body (25) seals the semiconductor chip. The incident light is performed to a light receiving surface through a reflecting surface (26). A groove (27) formed on the surface of the sealing body acts as a reflecting surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the optical semiconductor set.    USE -   For e.g. multimedia apparatus e.g. supplementary class note personal computer, portable information terminal, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates need of prism due to groove formed on sealing body. Reduces size of module by forming lens on side of sealing body. Prevents destruction along groove by providing frame, hence enhancing durability of apparatus. Eliminates modification of die even when shape of light receiving surface or light emitting surface is different due to groove formed on sealing body. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of an optical semiconductor device. (25) Sealing body; (26) Reflecting surface; (27) Groove.
NOVELTY - The current-potential conversion amplifier circuit has an emitter ground type amplifier circuit containing at least three NPN or PNP transistors (Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4,Q5), in which at least one of the transistors is connected to a photodiode (11).    USE -   For detecting signal written to e.g. optical disc used by e.g. CD-ROM drive, DVD drive.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases base portential at input-side transistor connected to photodiode. Reduces capacitance of photodiode, thus increasing band of current-potential conversion amplifier circuit. Changes shape of photodiode receiver. Does not require changing manufacturing process of semiconductor integrated circuit. Reduces manufacturing cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram of the component of a current-potential conversion amplifier circuit. (11) Photodiode; (Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4,Q5) NPN or PNP transistors.
NOVELTY - A window for light incidence (21) which makes a first insulating film face externally is formed to the position opposed to a substrate main body (1) with a single-crystal semiconductor layer (3). An optical anti-reflective coating (22) extending to the interior top of the window and the second insulating-film side of the substrate, is formed on the outer surface of the substrate.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Light incidence can be performed regardless of reflecting rate since external light is directed to single-crystal semiconductor layer, thus optical-detection output with high value can be obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures include a sectional view and a top view of the pin type semiconductor light receiving element. (1) Substrate main body; (3) Single-crystal semiconductor layer; (21) Window for light incidence; (22) Optical anti-reflective coating.
NOVELTY - A stock mechanism (21) provided by the side of a conveyor for sending a common unit (104) continuously, is used for stocking a plus unit (102) and a minus unit (106). A displacement robot (14) transposes the common unit of the lead conveyed by the conveyor to the plus unit extracted from the stock mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - After passing N common units, another displacement robot transposes the next common unit to the minus unit extracted from the stock mechanism. A junction apparatus connects the plus unit, N common units, and the minus unit continuously in a line. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:a solar battery; and a solar battery production method.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables efficient extraction of common unit, thus solar battery can be produced efficiently. Adapts to solar battery of various length by just changing timing in which common unit is extracted. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory diagram of the solar battery production system. (14) Displacement robot; (21) Stock mechanism; (102) Plus unit; (104) Common unit; (106) Minus unit.
NOVELTY - The light receiving surface (2202) and collector electrode (2206) of a photovoltaic cell are formed on both transparent insulating film. The insulating film and collector electrode, which connect with other photoelectric cell, are used as terminals for electric power ejection. A metal is fixed to the collector electrode by solder (2208).    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies connection and offers reduction cost due to the photovoltaic cell. Module construction is small compared with area of the electric generator. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial cross sectional view of a photovoltaic cell. (2202) Light receiving surface; (2206) Collector electrode; (2208) Solder.
NOVELTY - A rectangular solar battery module (14), used as a photoelectric converter, is fixed to a transparent tempered glass (12). An electric generator (11) has electrodes (17,18) which protrudes both end and edges of the solar battery module. A spacer (20) has current carriers (20b,20c) which insulate the electrodes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar power generator.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures extraction of electromotive force generated by the electric generator through current carriers which insulate the electrodes. Ensures solar power generator to buildup desired capacity due to the spacer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a solar battery unit. (11) Electric generator; (12) Tempered glass; (14) Solar battery module; (17,18) Electrodes; (20) Spacer; (20b,20c) Current carriers.
NOVELTY - A transmitting and receiving unit (100) has a light emitting element and a light receiving element mounted on the surface of a mount board (4) with a wiring on the back side. Openings (9a) for transmitting and receiving light is formed on a metal shield cover (9) which contacts a part of the back side of the mount board.    USE -   For electronic devices e.g. personal computer.    ADVANTAGE -   Heat release property can be improved since generated heat can be released to shield cover via wiring pattern on mount board. Increases driving current supplied to light emitting element, thereby increasing radiant energy of light emitting element and developing communication distance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram and cross-sectional view of the optical transmitting and receiving apparatus. (4) Mount board; (9) Shield cover; (9a) Openings; (100) Transmitting and receiving unit.
NOVELTY - An optical detecting element (3) detects the passage of an object when light from a light emission unit is shielded from a receiver. The optical detecting element is installed to a holder (31) which has fixed legs (35,36) that resist external force. The fixed legs are inserted to the holes (42,43) of the holder (2).    USE -   For e.g. photo interrupter, photo reflector for e.g. camera, facsimile, printer, copier.    ADVANTAGE -   Optical detecting element can be easily and reliably installed even with a small amount of adhesive agent. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of the principal part of the attachment structure. (2,31) Holder; (3) Optical detecting element; (35,36) Leg; (42,43) Hole.
NOVELTY - The receivers (16,17) convert infrared rays to heat. A connection on a center line passing through the center of the receivers, supports the receivers in symmetrical positions. A board (5) supports the connection. A temperature detecting element detects the temperature gradient of the receivers and the board.    USE -   Infrared ray detecting element.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies control in changing of projection angle of infrared rays. Variation in detection sensitivity can be decreased. Uniformity of infrared ray detection sensitivity or other characteristics is made high, thus manufacture yield can be improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the flat surface diagram of the infrared ray detecting element. (5) Board; (16,17) Receiver.
NOVELTY - One of the corners of the substrate (4) is cut at predefined angle to form a hole. Electrolyte is injected into the gap maintained between substrate through the hole and then the hole is sealed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transparent electrically conductive film (2) of predefined pattern is formed on surface of the substrate (1) before forming porous metal oxide film, and adhering sensitizing die onto the metallic oxide film on the recess formed in the opposing conductive substrate (4).    USE -   For manufacturing wet solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates to manufacture wet solar battery with high stability by simply injecting electrolyte through the hole formed in the cut corner of one of the substrates.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows schematic perspective view and side view of solar battery. (1) Substrate; (2) Conductive film; (4) Substrate.
NOVELTY - The solar battery cell (5) in between the transparent glass (2) and backside film (6), is sealed with filler (3) containing ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. The vertical and horizontal cut dimension of filler before lamination is setup smaller than that of the glass. The vertical and horizontal cut dimension of the backside film before lamination, is setup larger than that of the glass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module.    USE -   For manufacturing solar battery module installed on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves finishing accuracy by processing end face of backside film and transparent glass with high accuracy and hence productivity is improved. Generation of inferior solar battery module is avoided by avoiding usage of EVA with bad adhesive property. Avoids generation of burr by avoiding leakage of filler and hence processing in fusion reactor is avoided and reduces labor involved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows exploded perspective view of solar battery module. (2) Transparent glass; (3) Filler; (5) Solar battery cell; (6) Backside film.
NOVELTY - The generator has solar cells (8) arranged serially on a carrier frame and electrically connected. The carrier frame has a centrally arranged carrying pipe (2) with perpendicular cross beams (3), which each have an opening (4) to receive the carrying pipe and are securely fastened to it. Profile carriers are fitted on the upper sides of the crossbeams and perpendicular to them.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Simple mounting can be erected with reduced labor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the carrier frame.    carrying pipe (2)    crossbeam (3)    opening (4)    insulation sleeve (7)    solar cell (8)    profile carrier (9)    contact part (10)
NOVELTY - The solar energy system has a tracking control facility to ensure alignment with the sun. This has a number of solar energy sensors (4) that are mounted on both sides of a carrier. These provide outputs that are used to control a motor (2) to align the panels with the suns direction.    USE - For tapping solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - Optimum energy recovery is possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the solar panel.    motor (2)    solar panel sensors (4)
NOVELTY - The building (1) has a roof (3) consisting of roof panels (32) distributed in inclining position. A solar panel is attached on the surface of each roof panel.    USE - Building with solar battery roof e.g. factory with solar roof panels.    ADVANTAGE - Improves versatility of low accommodation chamber of ceiling without damaging entire versatility of building.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a model diagram showing the unit components of the building with solar battery roof.    Building (1)    Roof (3)    Roof panels (32)
NOVELTY - The roofing tile has connectors (7,8) for coupling the output cable (4) pulled out from the solar battery of the lower roofing tile and the solar battery of the roofing tile positioned one step higher. The output cable is pulled through the inferior margin portion (9) of the roofing tile.    USE - For solar power generation in e.g. residential house.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures reliable and low cost solar battery maintenance, and easy solar battery removal due to simple and improved connection of output cable. Ensures easy replacement of solar battery without having to remove the roofing tile with solar battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar battery (2) is arranged on the surface of a roofing tile base material (1). The roofing tile with solar battery is arranged overlapping another roofing tile with solar battery, such that a water path is formed by the upper edge of the lower roofing tile.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the roofing tile with solar battery.
NOVELTY - A presentation unit (9) shows the calculated consumption calorie to a user through a cathode ray tube (10) and a speaker (11). A calculating unit (7) computes the user's consumption calorie, based on the movement speed and the amount of detected movement. A detector (6) senses the movement speed and the amount of movement of the objective part of the user. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The detector performs a detection based on the output of an identifying unit (5). The identifying unit performs the identification of the operation of the user's objective part. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:a movement assistance procedure; and a memory medium by which the movement assistance program is recorded.    USE -   Used for maintaining health and maintaining a healthy diet.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables a user to realize the effect of the exercise that he or she is performing since the consumed calorie when performing the exercise is shown. Enables a user to judge whether the appointed gymnastics are exercised correctly. Enables a user to know the total value of the consumed calorie. Enables a user to compare one's own operation and the standard operation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the movement assistance apparatus. (5) Identifying unit; (6) Detector; (7) Calculating unit; (9) Presentation unit; (10) Cathode ray tube; (11) Speaker.
NOVELTY - The light receiving element (5) of predetermined size is divided to small areas. Current potential converter (6) adds the output signal from each light receiver (5a-5d) for reducing the parasitic capacitance among the light receiving element.    USE -   For receiving light in compact disc player, infrared communication apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Since light receiving element is divided into small areas, parasitic capacitance is reduced. Improves the output frequency characteristic of a current potential generator. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of semiconductor integrated circuit. (5) Light receiving element; (5a-5c) Light receivers; (6) Current potential converter.
NOVELTY - The optical free space communication apparatus is contained in encasements (13,18) with electric shielding effect. Transparent conductive films (16,21) are inserted between lenses (15,20) and glass covers (17,22) which are respectively formed on transmitter (11) and receiver (12) to provide shielding effect.    USE -   Used as optical communication link to transmit and receive electric signals.    ADVANTAGE -   Electric shielding is provided to the entire apparatus since the apparatus is contained in the encasement with shielding effect and hence influence of noise is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of optical free space communication apparatus. (11) Transmitter; (12) Receiver; (13,18) Encasements; (15,20) Lenses; (16,21) Conductive films; (17,22) Glass covers.
NOVELTY - A circuit terminal (21) is protruded and connected to connectors (25-27). A bypass diode (29) is connected between circuit protrusion terminals (21a,21b) and detour circuit (21d) having disconnector (42) branches from terminals (21a,21b). Disconnectors (34,38) corresponding to circuit terminals (21a,21b) and disconnectors (40,41) of circuit terminal (21c) are provided between diode and module electrode.    USE -   For extracting output from solar battery module installed on the roof of a building, etc., in power distribution system.    ADVANTAGE -   Management is simple by using disconnectors which are chosen suitably for disconnection of bypass diode and external circuit. Reduces number of parts involved and hence reduces cost and improves reliability and productivity of components of distribution system. Reduces length of the distribution cable, thereby reduces cable cost. Secures insulation by filling silicone material using simple technique. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of terminal box of solar battery module. (21) Circuit terminal; (21a-21c) Terminals; (21d) Detour circuit; (25-27) Connectors; (29) Bypass diode; (34,38,40-42) Disconnectors .
NOVELTY - The measurement unit (3) measures voltage and current generated from the electricity generation module being supported by a support (2) and irradiated with light beam from light source (1). The processing unit (4) judges success or failure of the predetermined test item, based on the measurement result. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for condensing tracking type electricity generation system testing apparatus.    USE -   For testing condensing tracking type electricity generation system using solar cells mounted on roof of building for supplying power to various domestic electric equipment.    ADVANTAGE -   Enhances testing of condensing tracking type electricity generation system. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts diagram of the test device. (1) Light source; (2) Support; (3) Measurement unit; (4) Processing unit.
NOVELTY - A photoelectric transducer (5) generates electricity in response to light from a light emission surface (2) formed by the impregnation of thermoluminescence substance on the surface of a ceramic porous substance (1). A flame (3) is generated from the inner side of the ceramic porous substance surface when combustion gas (6) is supplied from the back side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A light emission block (11) heats the light emission surface by the generated flame in order for the light emission surface to emit light. The photoelectric transducer is provided opposite the light emission surface.    USE -   For solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables effective heating of thermoluminescence substance. Suppresses thermal radiation of the side of the photoelectric transducer. Reduces heat loss. Increases mechanical strength of thermoluminescence substance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side sectional drawing of the photoelectric electrical power generating device. (1) Ceramic porous substance; (2) Light emission surface; (3) Flame; (5) Photoelectric transducer; (6) Combustion gas; (11) Light emission block.
NOVELTY - A condensing element (4) has space surrounded by light receiving surfaces (2,5), and reflecting surface (6) that reflects light towards an optoelectric transducer (1). The cross section of the reflecting surface (6) has triangular wave shape. Several unsymmetrical triangular grooves in reflecting surface (6), guide light from the reflecting surface to extension direction of optoelectric transducer.    USE -   Condensing type solar power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Conversion efficiency of the optoelectric transducer is increased by effective reflection of light by the condensing element, thereby reducing number of optoelectric transducers involved. Avoids reduction in electric output by reducing light quantity loss and reducing power consumption. The quantity of light loss in termination portion of transducer is reduced, thereby preventing reduction in optical output. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of condensing type solar power generator. (1) Optoelectric transducer; (2,5) Light receiving surface; (4) Condensing element; (6) Reflecting surface.
NOVELTY - A solar battery module comprising several solar battery elements (1) connected electrically by an interconnector (2) is provided. The interconnector connects using a conductive wire (8) which is drawn from the output hole (4) provided with heat fusible resin packing material (5).    USE - For e.g. super straight type and substrate type solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Yield of product is high and productivity is improved. Damages of construction materials are prevented. Reduction of water-proof property is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows substrate type solar battery.    Solar battery element (1)    Inter connector (2)    Output hole (4)    Packing material (5)    Conductive wire (8)
NOVELTY - The anode collector (20) and the cathode collector (21) of the integrated thin film solar battery device (16) are connected to the respective lead lines (22,23). An insulating film is interposed between the lead lines and the battery device. The entire backside of the battery device is sealed by the sealing insulation film and back film so that terminals of the lead lines are penetrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The terminal box (26) is connected to each terminal. The solar battery device has thin film solar battery cells (15) that are formed on an insulated substrate parallely. The solar battery cells are connected in series.    USE -   Integrated thin film solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates adjustment of length of lead lines by adjusting withdrawal point of lead lines from collectors. Facilitates arbitrary installations of terminal box in battery device. Prevents unexpected short circuit between lead wires and battery device. Prevents disconnection of lead wires by increasing its tensile strength. Improves yield of battery module at low cost by avoiding need for withdrawal of lead wire. Improves waterproofness of battery module by enabling thermobonding by sealing insulation film. Facilitates flat finishing of battery module by preventing rolling up of air during lamination sealing. Avoids resistance increase caused by inferior welding by fixing insulating tape in intersection of collectors and lead lines. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of battery module. (15) Thin film solar battery cell; (16) Solar battery device; (20,21) Collectors; (22,23) Lead lines; (26) Terminal box.
NOVELTY - A handle (22) rotates a rotating drum (2) being supported by frame (4) to roll up a thin film solar battery (1). A drum case (3) covers the rotating drum.    USE -   For simple attachment type thin-film solar battery attached in handrail of veranda in flats, house.    ADVANTAGE -   The thin-film solar battery can be attached in handrail of veranda cheaply and using simple technique. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of the simple attachment type thin-film solar battery. (1) Thin-film solar battery; (2) Rotating drum; (3) Drum case; (4) Frame; (22) Handle.
NOVELTY - Several solar cells (52) are connected serially. A by-pass diode (60) and a photocoupler (62) are connected in parallel to each solar cell. A processor (64) receives output of the photocoupler to output information indicating abnormality of solar cell.    USE -   For solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Even when one of solar cell is in abnormal condition, power is generated continuously. Since the abnormality of solar cell can be identified easily, repair operation becomes simple. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the electricity generation module included in the solar power generating system. (52) Solar cell; (60) By-pass diode; (62) Photocoupler; (64) Processor.
NOVELTY - Each solar cell (10) of the solar panel is supported on the frame (12) which drives the solar panel to track the sun. The projection (28) extending from sides (21) of the solar cell are supported on the frame. The hook (26) formed at the free end of the projection is inserted into the hole (17) of the frame.    USE -   For condensing tracking type solar panel installed in roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Attaches solar cells to the frame by simple operation, thus simplifies assembly process. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of solar cell attachment structure. (10) Solar cell; (12) Frame; (17) Hole; (21) Sides; (26) Hook; (28) Projection.
NOVELTY - An interconnector (2) connects solar battery elements (1) to form row (10). The edges of the row and a terminal board (3) are connected by the interconnector. The interconnector for connecting terminal board is bent in predefined manner. An insulating material (5) is interposed between light receiving surface of solar battery element and reverse surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module manufacturing method.    USE -   In e.g. solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   The bent portion of interconnector enables sufficient active area of connection operation of the terminal board, so high level skill is not needed for the connection operation. Since insulating material is interposed between light receiving surface and reverse surface of battery element, reliability of the terminal board is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section of principal part of solar battery module. (1) Solar battery element; (2) Interconnector; (3) Terminal board; (5) Insulating material; (10) Row.
NOVELTY - The bypass diode and relay contact are connected in parallel to solar battery module via relays at the inverter circuit (6). The relay control signal from control circuit switches the relays to reverse bias condition. Thus, a reverse bias voltage is supplied to solar battery module.    USE -   Used in solar power generators to reverse photodegradation process.    ADVANTAGE -   Since parallel connection of bypass diode to solar battery module is performed, the bypass diode can be detached during reverse bias voltage application and thus enables photodegradation recovery. Hence the efficiency of solar power generation is increased using simple components. Also the apparatus does not require much maintenance. The cost of reversing the photodegradation process is less. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit block diagram of electric converter circuit. (6) Inverter circuit.
NOVELTY - The device has a substrate and a light receiving element mounted on the surface of the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A light receiving device has a substrate and a light receiving element mounted on the surface of the substrate. The light receiving device further has a case consisting of a material having a deformation temperature of 200C or above and transparency relative to a wavelength decided by associating with the light receiving element. The light receiving element is placed in a space formed by the substrate and the case.    USE -   The method produces the light receiving device used for an encoder. The light receiving element is protected.    ADVANTAGE -   Good adhesion is obtained without filling a resin in the case, evolving no resin leakage. No metallic wire comes into contact with the resin, eliminating the need for considering the thermal expansion of the resin to yield high heat resistance. No peeling, cracks, deformation, or breaking of a wire are observed to easily produce highly reliable light receiving device.
NOVELTY - Photoelectric convertors are provided on a substrate. Condenser lens is arranged corresponding to each photoelectric convertor such that a gap is maintained between them. The condenser lens is made of a material which has high transmittance to ultraviolet rays.    USE - For exposure system.    ADVANTAGE - The possibility of attenuation of optical intensity, when the light passes through the lens and reaches the photoelectric convertor, is reduced by maintaining the gap between the lens and the photoelectric convertors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of image pickup element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross sectional view of image pickup element.
NOVELTY - The sensor tip (21) and transparent board material (22) are arranged on both sides of flexible printed wiring board (23). The light receiving element and conductive pattern on the wiring board are connected in a sensor module (20a). A sensor holder (30a) attaches sensor module to the lens holder (10a), which holds an optical component and guides incident light to the sensor module.    USE - For camera.    ADVANTAGE - The size of the optical sensor is reduced since the sensor module is directly attached to the exit portion of the optical unit main body. The sensor tip is protected and hence handling of sensor module is simple. Number of parts is reduced and hence apparatus is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of optical sensor.    Lens holder (10a)    Sensor module (20a)    Sensor tip (21)    Transparent board material (22)    Flexible printed wiring board (23)    Sensor holder (30a)
NOVELTY - Multiple semiconductor substrates of fixed form with uniform thickness are joined at their end faces and sealed by insulating cement to form composite semiconductor substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of composite semiconductor substrate. Semiconductor grains or aggregates are immersed into insulating cement accommodated in a heat-resistant container, maintained under vacuum or normal pressure. The container is heated to melt the insulating cement and subsequently cooled to perform coagulation of insulating cement. The obtained solid semiconductor composite is cut into the shape of a sheet or thin plate. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: Alternatively, multiple semiconductor substrates having uniform thickness are arranged one above the other so that clearance between the substrates is minimized. Liquid insulating cement having thermoplastic property is poured into the clearances and cooling coagulation is carried out. If the insulating cement has thermosetting property, then heat hardening is carried out to unify the end faces of the substrates. Preferred Compounds: The substrate is single crystal and/or polycrystalline semiconductor substrates. The insulating cement is glass or organic polymer. The thickness of the composite semiconductor substrate ranges between 10 m to 1mm.    USE -   For solar battery, various sensor and optical devices such as light emitting diode, electroluminescence and semiconductor laser.    ADVANTAGE -   Semiconductor substrates of arbitrary shape can be manufactured. Dimension of the substrate is controlled. Manufacturing cost is reduced. Environmental pollution is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows composite semiconductor substrate. (10) Composite semiconductor substrate; (11) Semiconductor substrate; (12) Insulating cement
NOVELTY - An insulating film for formation of depletion layer (20) of thickness 10 nm or less, doped with silicon oxide, is formed on the layers (4-6). Electrode for depletion layer (21) of predetermined thickness, doped with n-type or p-type impurity, is formed on i-type semiconductor area. A predetermined voltage is impressed to the electrode for depletion layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A p-type semiconductor area (4) doped with p-type impurity having density of 1101 9 cm- 3, an i-type semiconductor area (5) doped with n-type impurity having density of 1101 5-1101 8 cm- 3, and an n-type semiconductor area (6) doped with n-type impurity having density of 1101 9 cm-3 are formed on the single crystal silicon layer (3) via an insulating film.    USE -   PIN type semiconductor light receiving element.    ADVANTAGE -   Response speed and sensitivity of light receiving element is improved, as predetermined voltage is impressed to electrode for depletion layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the rough line sectional view of PIN type semiconductor light receiving element. (3) Single crystal silicon layer; (4-6) p,i,n type semiconductor areas; (20,21) Electrode and insulating film for depletion layer.
NOVELTY - Several Ti/Au anodes (106) and Pt cathodes (105) are formed alternately on the optical absorption layer (103). A p-type InGaAs dummy barrier layer (104) is interposed between the cathode and absorption layer (103). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A partially insulated substrate (101) supports the optical absorption layer (103) through a buffer layer (102).    USE -   For optical communication system.    ADVANTAGE -   By dummy barrier layer, electron generated in optical absorption layer when electric field is applied is drifted towards a cathode and hole is moved towards anode. Light receiving efficiency and response speed are raised more by suppressing dark current. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of light receiving element. (102) Buffer layer; (103) Optical absorption layer; (104) p-type InGaAs dummy barrier layer; (105) Cathode; (106) anode.
The invention relates to the field of photoelectronic material. The technological process of controlling copper-to-sulfur atom ratio in Cu2S film includes the steps of: cleaning and stoving common glass plate as substrate material; evaporation plating film on the substrate glass; sulfurizing the prepared film; and ion implantation to the Cu2S film.
NOVELTY - The device has air supplied by a compliant bag (1) provided with a switch (1d) which controls the valve (2g) opening when the bag volumes reaches its lowest limit (Vmin) so as to connect the ejector (2) to the nitrogen source (4), to inject nitrogen and suck up ambient air into the ejector and fill up the compliant bag with oxygen-deficient air at ambient pressure and drawn from the respirator (3). The valve (2f) controls ambient air suction into the ejector and adjusts the oxygen content of the air inside the compliant bag. The bag is repeatedly filled up to 10 times per minute depending on the amount of air drawn, each time the bag volume reaches its lowest limit.    USE - Used for sports training sessions to simulate breathing at high altitude.    ADVANTAGE - Improves respiration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic representation of the device having a bag with an ejector connected to a nitrogen source.    compliant bag (1)    switch (1d)    valve (2g)    lowest limint (Vmin)    ejector (2)    nitrogen source (4)    respirator (3)    valve controlling ambient air suction (2f)
NOVELTY - A thin-film solar battery (7) is attached to a portion of an outdoor sash section (4) included in a double sash. The double sash comprises of an indoor sash section (3) and the outdoor sash section.    USE - Used in home electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures simple and inexpensive energy conservation since solar battery does not need to be separately arranged to the roof. Ensures arrangement of solar battery without damaging ventilation or window since solar battery is set in the glass pane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a side view showing the service condition of the thin-film solar battery built-in sash.    Indoor sash section (3)    Outdoor sash section (4)    Thin-film solar battery (7)
NOVELTY - The attachment structure has solar battery clamping plate supports (31,32) detachably coupled to the outer wall of a building (1), and set with a predetermined space from the outer wall of the building. Solar battery clamping plates (4) are arranged in inclining position on the solar battery clamping plate supports. Solar batteries (5) are arranged on the surface of the clamping plates.    USE - For attaching solar battery to outer wall of a building.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains fixed electricity generation since damaged solar battery can be easily replaced. Ensures efficient solar ray reception since solar batteries are attached in inclined position on the wall surface of a building.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view showing the attachment condition of the solar battery to the outer wall of the building.    Outer wall of a building (1)    Solar battery clamping plates (4)    Solar batteries (5)    Solar battery clamping plate supports (31,32)
NOVELTY - The cooling structure has an air passage (2) formed between the solar panel (3) and outer wall (1) of a building. The solar panel is cooled by the indoor air passing through the air passage. The indoor air is supplied through the air outlets (4) formed on the outer wall of the building.    USE - For solar battery installed on the outer surface of a building.    ADVANTAGE - Cools solar battery without requiring exceptional power. Has low installation cost and operating cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of the cooling structure for solar battery.    Outer wall (1)    Air passage (2)    Solar panel (3)    Air outlets (4)
NOVELTY - The retainer has brackets (21,31) fixed to the outer surface of a building to hold a solar panel (P), such that the light-receiving surface (Pa) of the solar panel is set in predetermined inclination angle by the brackets. The retainer has open sides for the insertion of the solar panel in horizontal direction.    USE - For installing solar panel on e.g. roof of building    ADVANTAGE - Ensures simple construction due to reduced number of parts, simplified components, and unnecessary use of pile machine, scaffolds and crane for extracting solar panels. Secures strength against wind since maximum light-receiving area of solar panel is secured in low height. Improves building exterior and electricity generation efficiency due to setting of brackets in required positions. Shortens solar panel construction due to unnecessary solar panel loading and reinforcement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective diagram showing a portion of the retainer.    Brackets (21,31)    Solar panel (P)    Light-receiving surface (Pa)
NOVELTY - The solar panel fixing tool (41) has an eaves side projecting portion (52) configured by the bottom flow direction of a ridge side projecting portion (51). A connection portion (53) is coupled to the eaves side projecting portion, and is connected on the surface of a solar panel beside a ridge.    USE - For attaching solar panel to roof structure.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures simple construction due to reduced number of parts. Ensures individual maintenance, inspection and replacement of solar panel since solar panels can be inserted and removed using the roof fixing tool. Prevents rain water from flowing into the groove between the solar panels. Ensures favorable design, and inexpensive, simple and quick transfer of solar panels to existing solar energy generation system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The ridge side projecting portion is supported on an inclined surface, and is dashed against the ridge edge of the solar panel beside the eaves. The eaves side projecting portion is connected to the ridge side projecting portion, and is dashed against the eaves edge on the solar panel beside the ridge. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) the roof structure using the solar panel fixing tool;    (b) and the roof application using the solar panel fixing tool.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram and sectional view of the solar panel fixing tool.    Solar panel fixing tool (41)    Ridge side projecting portion (51)    Eaves side projecting portion (52)    Connection portion (53)
NOVELTY - The solar panel support material (32) has a recess (34) fixed along an inclined surface. The recess has a cross-sectional shape extended along the longitudinal direction of the solar panel support material. A pair of mount sections (35) for mounting a solar panel is extended in the left direction from the upper opening end of the recess.    USE - For solar panel attached to roof structure.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies construction of solar panels on roof due to reduced number of parts. Ensures stable mounting and arrangement of ridge side solar panel and eaves side solar panel in abridging step shape. Ensures favorable waterproof characteristic between solar panels beside the mount section and ridge. Has favorable design property, and quick, simple and inexpensive structure and construction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) the roof structure using the solar panel support material;    (b) and the roof application using the solar panel support material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model sectional view of a saddleback roof cut along the flow direction, and using the solar panel support material.    Solar panel support material (32)    Recess (34)    Mount sections (35)
NOVELTY - The roof tile has a drainage gutter (22) drilled along the front side wall of a recess (21a) by the concave circle to which a solar battery is arranged. The exhaust outlet of the drainage gutter is opened wide by the adjoined and laminated portion of the roof tile for natural wash down on the surface of the roof tile.    USE - Roof tile with solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures stable solar power generation for a long time due to prevented reduction in function of output terminal box or damage to solar battery. Protects solar battery since water can be drained quickly on the right and left edges of the roof tile. Ensures reliable and simple fixation of roof tile with solar battery. Cost efficient and waterproof.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar battery is arranged to the recess formed on the surface of a roof tile base material (21).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the roof tile with solar battery.    Roof tile base material (21)    Recess (21a)    Drainage gutter (22)
NOVELTY - The leg of a frame (40) is inwardly bent into an L shape along the concave side of a roof tile base material surface. A predetermined space is formed between a solar battery (12) and the inner surface of the frame. The predetermined space is filled with a sealing material (5) in order to fix the solar battery to a roof tile base material.    USE - For residential building.    ADVANTAGE - Alleviates degradation of solar battery module, due to function of sealing material. Ensures stable solar power generation for long period of time. Reduces solar power generation cost since materials cost and processing cost are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial sectional view of roof tile with solar battery.    Sealing material (5)    Solar battery (12)    Frame (40)
NOVELTY - The method involves coupling two roof units (1,3) in waterproof connection after temporarily and respectively fixing solar battery modules (2,4) to the roof units. After the waterproof connection, the temporary fixation of one solar battery module (4) on one roof unit (3) is removed to move and adjoin the solar battery module (4) to the other solar battery module (2).    USE - For attaching solar battery to e.g. roof of house.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures inexpensive transportation cost of roof units since roof units are already manufactured with solar battery modules and separate conveyance of solar battery modules is unnecessary. Ensures beautiful finishing since roof units with solar battery modules are attached without gaps. Ensures simple waterproof connection of roof units with solar battery modules.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solar battery modules are temporarily fixed on the surfaces of the roof units. The roof units with solar battery modules (A,B) are adjoined and attached to the roof of a building structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an explanatory drawing showing the attachment condition of the roof units on a building structure.    Roof units (1,3)    Solar battery modules (2,4)    Roof units with solar battery modules (A,B)
NOVELTY - Electrodes (6,3) are positioned opposite to each other along light radiation direction. An organic metal layer (4) is provided between the electrodes. An insulated layer is formed between one side of electrodes and organic metal layer.    USE - For use as sensor in optoelectronics.    ADVANTAGE - Photosensitivity is improved, since weak light is also used for photomultiplication. The noise characteristic reliability is improved as light and darkness ratio is high.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of photoelectric current multiplier.    Electrodes (3,6)    Organic metal layer (4)
NOVELTY - Multiple quantum well layers (14) is formed on the gallium arsenide substrate (10). An anti-reflecting coating (25) consisting of yttrium oxide, is formed on the reverse side surface of the substrate for reducing the reflection rate of one third or less, when infrared ray having wavelength of 8-12 mm is irradiated on the substrate.    USE - For image pickup.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of anti-reflecting coating, improves absorption efficiency of infrared rays by multiple quantum well layer, thus detection sensitivity of infrared rays is enhanced. Reduces thermal expansion coefficient of GaAs substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of infrared detector.    Substrate (10)    MOW layer (14)    Anti-reflecting coating (24)
NOVELTY - N-type diffusion area (14) is formed partially on surface of HgCdTe layer (12). ZnS film (13) is formed on layer (12) covering the diffusion area. Low resistance area (15) formed partially in the ZnS film, is formed on predefined portion of the area (14). Electrode (17) extending outwardly at predetermined distance, is formed on ZnS film via cementing layer (16) covering the whole surface of area (14).    USE - For e.g. optical detection element, light emitting element.    ADVANTAGE - By suppressing leakage current produced due to crystal defect and crystal lattice distortion penetrating PN junction, sensitivity and quantum efficiency of optical detection element are raised, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for semiconductor device manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of optical detection element.    HgCdTe layer (12)    ZnS film (13)    N-type diffusion area (14)    Low resistance area (15)    Cementing layer (16)    Electrode (17)
NOVELTY - A transparent electrically conductive film (2), cadmium sulfide film (3), cadmium telluride film (4) and a carbon electrode (5) are laminated sequentially on a transparent glass substrate (1). A zinc compound layer (9) is formed between film (4) and electrode (5). A titanium oxide film (8) is formed between transparent electrically conductive film and the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride solar battery manufacturing method.    USE -   In cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains high conversion efficiency and reliable nature by manufacturing the solar battery with high stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride solar battery. (1) Glass substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film; (3) Cadmium sulfide film; (4) Cadmium telluride film; (5) Carbon electrode; (8) Titanium oxide film; (9) Zinc compound layer.
NOVELTY - The semiconductor device (2) is accommodated by the cavity (4) of the synthetic resin made base unit (3). The circumferential surface of the cavity is sealed with the transparent cap (8) of synthetic resin made or glass made to avoid ultraviolet irradiation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for following: manufacturing method of semiconductor device; manufacturing apparatus of semiconductor device    USE -   For CCD image sensors.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplification and automation of manufacturing process is attained easily, as the heat treatment in the manufacturing process such as the ceramic package is not needed. A transparent cap is easily bonded to base unit and the cavity is sealed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of the semiconductor device. (2) Semiconductor device; (3) Base unit; (4) Cavity; (8) Transparent cap.
The method for preparing copper sulfide film using a dry process, belonging to the field of photoelectric material preparation technology, includes the following steps: (1). selecting general plateglass as substrate material, cleaning and baking; (2). evaporating film on the substrate glass; and (3). sulfurizing the prepared film. The copper sulfide film prepared with said method is uniform in quality, and stable in performance.
NOVELTY - A shadowing timer comprises shadowing vanes (14) fastened near an array (10) of photovoltaic solar cells (12) electrically connected in series. The vanes are arranged so that they shadow individual cells or rows of cells as the sun moves through diurnal and annual cycles. The shadows cast by the vanes can modulate the array output power on two independent time scales: time of day and time of year. Because the cells are connected in series, a small shadow can reduce output power.    USE - In ventilation, pumping, irrigation and water circulation applications.    ADVANTAGE - Inexpensive, durable, extremely reliable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of photovoltaic power generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric illustration of the invention.    Solar cell array (10)    Solar cells (12)    Diurnal vane (14)
NOVELTY - Running track has drive horizontal belt running about driving and driven members and positioned on antifriction base with longitudinal slots, coherent electromagnetic radiation sensors connected in pairs and positioned in lower plane of slots, radiation receiver and starter. Positive pole of power source is connected to starter coil through closed and break starter contacts, to sensors through closed contact of starter relay, to relay unit windings through closed contact of starter relay, receiver and timers, to engine through closed contact of starter relay. Wider speed range is provided by sources which may be intensified and which are connected to engine through relay unit.    USE - Sports equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency in sportsman exercising by wider range of speeds through wider range of engine speed.
NOVELTY - Frame units (2,3) are diagonally cut so that they contact four corners of solar battery frame (1). A protrusion (21) is provided at one end of contact portion of frame units, corresponding to which a bracing unit (31) is provided at another end of contact portion. The frame units are screwed using a packing material (4).    USE -   For solar panel of solar power generator installed in roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not cause damage to operators handy during installation. The end of frame unit does not protrude, as screw fixation is done at all four corners. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of contact portion of solar battery frame. (1) Solar battery frame; (2,3) Frame units; (4) Packing material; (21) Protrusion; (31) Bracing unit.
NOVELTY - A terminal box (53) consists of lead wires (62) near positive terminal and lead wires (63) near negative terminal of battery attached protrudingly.    USE -   The solar battery installed on roof of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to connect solar batteries is parallel, easily and simply. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the terminal box of solar battery. (53) Terminal box; (62,63) Lead wires.
NOVELTY - Substrate (2) with upper electrode (17) and photoconductive film (16) is arranged opposite to active matrix substrate (1) having pixel array layer, so conductive film opposes pixel array. Electrically conductive connector (3) connects both substrates mutually. Electrode (21) for signal input is formed on substrate (1). The electrodes are electrically connected by electrode transition unit (22).    USE -   For detecting radiation such as X-ray, visible light, infrared-light.    ADVANTAGE -   Minimizes influence of signal retardation by influence of electrical resistance of electrode, voltage drop and maintains uniform voltage in the interior of electrode. Enable detector to correspond also to moving image due to rapid response by forming semiconductor materials such as CdTe, CdZnTe at low temperature below 300C on active matrix substrate. Hardening process of electrically conductive material used as transition unit does not need to be added separately since it is possible to form transition unit simultaneously with bonding process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the process diagram of bonding of active matrix substrates in two dimension image detector. (1) Active matrix substrate; (2) Substrate; (3) Connector; (16) Photoconductive film; (17,21) Electrodes; (22) Electrode transition unit.
NOVELTY - An active matrix substrate (1) has pixel array layer which consists of pixel electrode connected to wiring via switching element. An opposite substrate (2) has polar zone and semiconductor layer. The substrates (1,2) are arranged, such that the pixel layer and semiconductor layer opposes each other. The substrates (1,2) are connected to electrode (6) using conductivity material by self adjustment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for two dimensional image detector manufacturing method.    USE -   For detecting radiations such as X-ray, visible light, infrared light.    ADVANTAGE -   Secures electric insulation between adjacent pixel electrode, thereby the cross talk between adjacent pixel electrodes is prevented. Increases self strength of opposing substrate since the semiconductor film on support substrate has photoconductivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of two dimensional image detector. (1,2) Substrates; (6) Electrode.
NOVELTY - The electrical property evaluation circuit of a semiconductor device has an optoelectric transducer for calibrating the constant error in the electrical property of a test element group. The transducer is provided between a pair of electrode pads (1,2) which are shared between several test element groups (TEG) which are laminated vertically.    USE -   For evaluating basic electrical characteristics such as reliability of semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE -   Since an optoelectric transducer is provided between a pair of electrode pads, the area of test element group laminated vertically is reduced and the reliability of the evaluation result is increased. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of electrical property evaluation circuit. (1,2) Electrode pads.
NOVELTY - The fixed pin (15) embedded to the light receiving or emitting portion, is made by carbide alloy. Plating is performed to end surface of the fixed pin.    USE - For resin sealing of optical semiconductor package.    ADVANTAGE - Since carbide alloy is used for fixed pin, highly smooth end surface is obtained. The light receiving or emitting portion is molded to required degree of surface roughness. Since the carbide alloy has excellent thermal conductivity, it improves heat supply by fixed pin to light emitting or receiving portion and improves resin hardening. As the carbide alloy has good antiwear property it excels in mold release characteristic. So productivity and quality of semiconductor package improves. By plating the end surface of the fixed pin, it excels in mold release characteristics and prevents adherence of dust and transfer of dust to light receiving or emitting portion. So quality of semiconductor package improves.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional diagram of mold molding apparatus.    Fixed pin (15)
NOVELTY - Permanent magnets (24) are provided in skid surface of mat (10). The magnets are fixed to the metal casing (22). An antiskid surface (18) is formed on other side of the mat. The skid surface of the mat is retained in position on the internal surface of mat such that the permanent magnets are attracted by the internal surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mat (10) is made of a flexible material. The metal case and the main section of the mat are fixed to the mat by bolts (32).    USE -   To secure scaffolding used for repair-maintenance of water turbine casing and penstock in hydel power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Mat curves and slides easily on the internal surface of water turbine casing and penstock so that worker performs inspection and adjustment operations safely. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded sectional view of part of antiskid mat. (10) Mat; (18) Antiskid surface; (22) Metal casing; (24) Permanent magnets; (32) Bolts.
No information given.
NOVELTY - A signal generator has several vibrator units fixed to a lumbar pad (14) along a longitudinal axis. The signal generator produces a signal selected from a group consisting of a vibratory signal, auditory signal and visible signal, when a weight applied to the pad exceeds a predetermined value. A weight detector (18) is provided on the pad to measure the applied weight.    USE - For exercising apparatus such as inclined rowing machine, exercise bench, chair, bed. Can also be attached to exercising floor during exercising for strengthening lower back and low abdomen.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to strengthen the lower back, the lower abdomen and posture of spine on multiple positions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan view of neutral spine posture warning device.    Lumbar pad (14)    Weight detector (18)
NOVELTY - Electric safety device has electric drive, endless belt, sensors positioned under endless belt and connected with converter controlling endless belt speed depending on sportsman's advancement speed. Sportsman comes into contact with break contacts connected to starter coil and electric engine.    USE - Training equipment, in particular, running tracks used as medical and sportive equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency by providing rear and front safety, safe finishing and continuous training process.
NOVELTY - Running track has endless drive belt, starter, contacts connected in series one with another along sides of base below belt and connected with starter, which provides side safety by switching off electric engine. Running track provides front safety by wireless direct control method. Front and side electromagnetic radiation sensors are positioned in antifriction base. Electromagnetic radiation receiver is connected with starter through receiver relay.    USE - Sport and medical equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency, improved safety and enhanced reliability in operation. 3 dwge
NOVELTY - The solar panel (1) has a rise unit extended in the ridge edge unit of backside metal plate (3) on the surface board side (2) and has an extension unit (33) which extends from the rise unit towards ridge side. An ejection line is passed through a lead hole formed on the rise unit.    USE - For externally extracting electric power in roof building materials which seal solar battery between surface board and a metal plate.    ADVANTAGE - Since the electric power is extracted externally, the water-proof capability and the fire prevention capability of the building materials are maintained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A terminal box (6) is provided on the extension unit for extracting externally the electric power generated by the solar battery (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the installation condition of the solar panel for building materials.    Solar panel (1)    Surface board side (2)    Backside metal plate (3)    Solar battery (4)    Terminal box (6)    Extension unit (33)
NOVELTY - A measurement unit (22) measures distance covered based on output of a pedometer. The value of total distance covered for every preset time period is stored in a recording unit. A progress situation display controller (29) compares present position on walk course based on measured result, and a map data. When total distance covered is displayed, contraction scale of map data is corrected accordingly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A memory (21) stores the map data of a walk course.    USE -   For use during exercising.    ADVANTAGE -   The progress situation in the walk course can be easily confirmed by viewing the displayed result. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the game machine. (21) Memory; (22) Measurement unit; (29) Progress situation display controller.
NOVELTY - Pivoted arms (1,1') are oscillated depending on force exerted by user. Rings are rotated by the electric motor. The generated output power is the sum of reaction power of pivoted arm and torsional power of the rings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A speed regulator is used for controlling the speed of the electric motor. The rotatable shaft of rings is arranged orthogonally to the rotatable shafts of pivoted arms.    USE -   For use by gymnast for correcting movement of muscles.    ADVANTAGE -   Large power is generated by the machine. Muscular strength is therefore improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view muscle puddling machine. (1,1') Pivoted arms.
NOVELTY - A carrier moving bed (4) is provided between the first and second electrodes (3,5). The second electrode includes an optical absorption layer (3A) which is formed on the surface of a semiconductor layer (3B). The semiconductor layer has pillared holes that continue in the thickness direction of the optical absorption layer.    USE -   Optoelectric transducer with favorable photoelectric conversion characteristic.    ADVANTAGE -   Shortens operation time of optical absorber e.g. pigment. Improves photoelectric conversion characteristic. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the optoelectric transducer. (3) First electrode; (3A) Optical absorption layer; (3B) Semiconductor layer; (4) Carrier moving bed; (5) Second electrode.
NOVELTY - An insulating layer is formed on the surface of a metal plate. The thickness of the insulating layer is greater than or equal to 0.5 micrometers. The surface roughness of the insulating layer ranges from 0.5 to 200 micrometers corresponding to a centerline roughness average height.    USE - For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Attains weight reduction and increases optical utilization efficiency. Increases cell conversion efficiency and electricity generation efficiency of solar battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an insulated substrate manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram for explaining the inclination angle of corrugated portion surface of insulating layer.
NOVELTY - The light emitting element (1) and light receiving element (2) of infrared-rays communication apparatus are mounted on a printed circuit board (10). The control element (3) which controls the transmission and reception of infrared rays, is mounted on the reverse side of same printed circuit board.    USE - For control element mounting in infrared-rays communication apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The size of printed circuit board for mounting the elements is reduced, as the control element is mounted on the reverse side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of mounting structure and top view of pattern on substrate of infrared-rays communication apparatus.    Light emitting element (1)    Light receiving element (2)    Control element (3)    Printed circuit board (10)
NOVELTY - The optical semiconductor device (24) has a light receiving element (2) on a substrate (21) and is resin sealed. The sealing portion has cylindrical reflecting area (26) parallel to the center line of device. The light is incident on the device via transparent side (24b) of sealing portion perpendicularly. The incident light (6) gets reflected by reflecting area and is received by light receiving element.    USE - Used in multimedia apparatus, portable personal computer, electronic still camera.    ADVANTAGE - The size of the device is reduced. The light reflected by cylindrical reflecting surface is more and hence sensitivity of light receiving element is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the optical semiconductor device.    Light receiving element (2)    Incident light (6)    Substrate (21)    Optical semiconductor device (24)    Transparent side (24b)    Cylindrical reflecting area (26)
NOVELTY - A shading board (12) that moves perpendicularly with the light rays (L1,L2) is coupled to the introductory portion of the light rays. The shading board is made to move left and right so that the light ray is received from the penetrating pores (12a,12b) when used as an object for heavens suspension. The shading board is made to slide to the right when used as an object for every floor.    USE -   For liquid crystal projector.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves control reliability of remote control since interference from illumination light of remote control of liquid crystal receiver is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view, the rear elevation view, and the top view of the remote control receiver. (12) Shading board; (12a,12b) Penetrating pores; (L1,L2) Light rays.
NOVELTY - The MOS type image sensor comprises of MOSFETs that function as a reset switch and photoelectric converter for a reading circuit. The effective gate voltage impressed to the gate of the first MOSFET during OFF mode has a value larger than the effective gate voltage impressed to the gate of the second MOSFET during OFF mode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The first MOSFET functions as the reset switch, while the second MOSFET functions as the photoelectric converter directly connected to the reading circuit.    USE -   Used in image reader.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates smear resulting from a false signal. Prevents leak current flow to substrate through photodiode and diffusion on substrate reaching other pixels. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure are the model sectional view of the MOS type image sensor and the characteristic view showing the relationship of the leak current and gate voltage.
NOVELTY - A layer insulation film (11) is formed over thermal oxidation film (9) and the area above the receiver (3c) is selectively etched. Hydrogenation of layer insulation film (11) and thermal oxidation film (9) is performed. An insulating layer (12) is formed on thermal oxidation films so that both the films together form an anti-reflective coating.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thermal oxidation film (9) is formed on the receiver (3c) and MOS transistor (4). A gate polycrystal silicon film (10) formed on oxidation film is selectively etched in area other than gate area (8).    USE -   For compact disk drive.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves photoelectric conversion efficiency, of light receiving element, as the thickness anti-reflective coating is high. As hydrogenation process is performed in insulation film and thermal oxidation film, interference state in thermal oxidation film is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of integrated light receiving element manufacturing method. (3c) Receiver; (4) MOS transistor; (8) Gate area; (9) Thermal oxidation film; (10) Polycrystal silicon film; (11) Layer insulation film; (12) Insulating film .
NOVELTY - The film of nitride compound which generate photo-luminescence in band end at room temperature, is formed on a substrate. The film comprising nitrogen atom and one or more elements of group (IIIA) of periodic table, is formed below heat resistance temperature i.e. 600 C on substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: manufacture of semiconductor device; semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus    USE -   In nitride compound semiconductor device e.g. light emitting element such as blue LED, LD.    ADVANTAGE -   Semiconductor device of high quality and high functional property, is manufactured with high efficiency in short time and at low temperature.
NOVELTY - Semiconductor light receiver has an optical absorption layer formed by InGaAs and a multiplier layer formed to the opposite side of the absorption layer of film thickness 0.1 m or less with composition In(1-x-y) AlxGayAs whose small energy band reduces continuously.    USE -   In long distance optical communication system for optical measurement and optical information processing.    ADVANTAGE -   Semiconductor light receiver with low noise characteristic and very high speed light receiving characteristic is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the diagram explaining the avalanche effect of a semiconductor light receiver.
NOVELTY - Surface control film (4), cadmium tellurium film (5) and semiconductor surface protection film (6) are sequentially formed on the semiconductor (1). The thickness of surface control film, cadmium tellurium film and surface protection film are set to predetermined range so that stress exerted on the semiconductor is reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of optical semiconductor device.    USE -   For optical semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces stress exerted on semiconductor and electrical property of semiconductor device is stabilized. Provision of CdTe film eliminates the problem of zinc sulfide film having hygroscopic property. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cut side view of optical semiconductor device. (1) Semiconductor; (4) Surface control film; (5) Cadmium tellurium film; (6) Semiconductor surface protection film.
NOVELTY - A carbon protective layer (13) with carbon concentration of 2101 9/cm3higher than that in light receiving layer (12), is formed on the light receiving layer continuously. The light receiving layer is formed on the substrate (11). An iridium electrode (15) is connected to the electrically conductive area (14) of the light receiving layer.    USE -   For protecting light receiving layer in semiconductor photoelectric converter.    ADVANTAGE -   Noise is reduced as protective layer of high specific resistance is formed. The contact resistance with electrode is reduced by protective layer and hence ohmic property is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of photoelectric converter and carbon concentration relationship. (11) Substrate; (12) Light receiving layer; (13) Carbon protective layer; (14) Electrically conductive area; (15) Iridium electrode.
NOVELTY - A pair of electrodes (2,3) are in mutual contact with an optical irradiation layer (5) which are formed on photoconducting board. An Al2O3 film (6) having thickness `d' is formed on upper light irradiating surface of electrodes and exposed surface of the board surrounding the electrodes, where d=4n `n' is refractive index of Al2O3 and is wavelength of irradiating light.    USE -   For forming protective film on MSM photoconductor element used in optical communication system.    ADVANTAGE -   By forming Al2O3 film through electron beam deposition process, dark current value smaller than SiO2 and Si3N4 film is obtained. Thermal stress and distortion are reduced by formation of Al2O3 film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows MSM photoconductor element. (2,3) Electrodes; (5) Optical irradiation layer; (6) Al2O3 film.
NOVELTY - Zn, Te raw material gases and Al or Cl doping gas, is made to react by organic metal vapor growth on a substrate (2). The molar ratio of Te to Zn is set as Te/Zn1.1.    USE -   In manufacture of n-type ZnTe semiconductor for light emitting element, solar battery, optical waveguide, light receiving element.    ADVANTAGE -   Excels in ohmic contact property, thereby providing low resistance factor and obtains n-type ZnTe semiconductor with good reproducibility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the manufacturing apparatus illustrating n-type ZnTe semiconductor manufacturing method. (2) Substrate.
NOVELTY - The combined photovoltaic array and RF reflector is formed of a deployable solar array and a deployable perimeter truss reflector within a single structure, defining a deployable perimeter truss reflector and solar array combination. Giving a pliant reflective mesh, serving as the RF reflector located on one circular end of the truss (3), with the solar array (7) located at the other end.    USE - As a combined photovoltaic array and RF reflector within a single foldable structure.    ADVANTAGE - The structure occupies a storage space slightly larger than the folding perimeter truss reflector alone but substantially less storage space than separate solar array and reflector apparatus. Obviates the complications resulting from using two structures, such as shadowing and eliminates the need for sun-tracking electronic systems using with existing solar arrays.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Independent claims describe in combination a unittary assembly of the truss and an RF reflective pliant mesh material and a solar array.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the solar array and RF reflector combination.    the deployable perimeter truss (3)    the solar array (7)
NOVELTY - The punch counter includes a countdown timer, and a training instrument for a fighter. A fixed time can be adjusted at the timer, whereby the timer begins to count at a first blow on a sensor, and the counting ends after the adjusted time elapses.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Provides simple and cost-effective design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Both conditions are indicated through a sound signal. A measurement of the affecting power does not occur. At entry of zero for the time, the number of the punches can be measured with the instrument. Any kind of blow can be measured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a punch counter apparatus.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing a high-quality solar cell with an interface free from contamination comprises successively forming in multilayer on a substrate, a transparent electrode film, an amorphous silicon film, and a metal electrode film and etching them to a desired pattern by using a resist film having two thicknesses. Solar cell elements are insulated from each other through a predetermined protective film, and a conductive paste is applied over the protective film to electrically connect the solar cell elements in series.    USE - Solar cell manufacture.
NOVELTY - The roofing element (1) comprises of a solar cell (4) glued onto a transparent rigid plate (6), all the three arranged similar to that of several roofing tiles (2) overlappingly arranged relative to each other in rows and/or columns. The solar cell corresponds to the color of the rigid plate and is coated with a transparent covering material.    USE - In roof covering assembly of house and/or building for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Fewer roofing elements are required since the elements are overlappingly arranged relative to each other. Since fewer elements are required, fewer electrical connections are needed. Roof covering is less susceptible to failure and is inexpensive. The solar cell is protected from external weather influences by the rigid plate and thus the life of the solar cell is prolonged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the roofing element.    Roofing element (1)    Roofing tiles (2)    Solar cell (4)    Rigid plate (6)
NOVELTY - The method involves: (a) assembling a maintenance platform in the water passageway below the runner (302); (b) removing at least one old trunnion bushing from the associated blade support assembly for at least one of the blades (304); (c) installing, for the blade, at least one new trunnion bushing (318) in the associated blade support assembly; (d) filling the cavity with fresh environmentally compatible fluid; and (e) removing the maintenance platform from the water passageway.    USE - For replacing a turbine component in a turbine runner situated in a water passageway of a hydroelectric installation, where the turbine runner has a hollow hub filled with an environmentally compatible fluid and several blades pivotally connected to the hub.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces maintenance time by eliminating the need to totally disassemble the hub. Eliminates a potential source of pollution by filling the cavity with fresh environmentally compatible fluid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlarged elevational view of part of the turbine runner and the surrounding foundation.    Runner (302)    Blades (304)    Trunnion (318)
NOVELTY - Floats (2) fixed to axially spaced slide blocks (11) form a spiral path around a rotary shaft (1). The slide blocks are linked through a float spacing device so that the blocks are driven axially by a drive mechanism. The radial movement of the floats caused by waves is converted to rotary motion of the shaft for generator (5). A controller (4) operates spacing device depending on measured wavelength.    USE -   For conversion of wave motion into rotary power for rotating shaft of tidal power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables effective power conversion as float space is adjustable depending on measured wavelength. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side and front views of float type rotary drive for tidal power generator. (1) Revolving shaft; (2) Float; (4) Controller; (5) Generator; (11) Slide block.
NOVELTY - The roof (3) has a surface (S) inclining on both sides of a ridge. Solar battery cells are arranged on the roof surface. A sitting room (R) is built as a third floor directly under the roof. The gradient of the roof surface is set between 0.7 and 0.95.    USE - For building.    ADVANTAGE - Secures sufficient roof area for electricity generation of solar battery. Space directly under roof can be utilized effectively. Height limitation is not exceeded when building third floor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the model sectional view of a unit type building.    Roof (3)    Sitting room (R)    Surface (S)
NOVELTY - A solution containing tin, fluorine or antimony compound is atomized to obtain atomized microparticle (7). A substrate (1) is heated and contacted with the microparticle obtained, forming a tin dioxide film on the substrate surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar batteries which is a laminate of electrically conductive films (2) such as tin dioxide film, cadmium sulfide film and cadmium telluride film, formed sequentially on transparent insulated substrate.    USE -   For use in solar batteries (claimed) such as CdS/CdTe and CIS solar batteries. Also for display surfaces of various electronic machines.    ADVANTAGE -   The tin dioxide film excels in film quality, conductivity, transparency and weather resistance. Solar batteries having high performance can be manufactured economically using simple manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows longitudinal cross-section chart of filming apparatus. (1) Substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film(7) Microparticle.
NOVELTY - A calculation unit computes the value of movement condition evaluation parameter for evaluating the movement condition of a person. A time data generator produces the time data based on the timing data input from a data entry unit and the computed value.    USE - For monitoring movement condition of person who is e.g. exercising, swimming, skiing, skating, bicycling, canoeing, boating.    ADVANTAGE - Allows monitoring of the value of the movement condition evaluation parameter about the movement of a person to be output and utilized for an external device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the movement monitor apparatus.
NOVELTY - A transparent electrically conductive film (2) is formed on a transparent substrate (1). A titanium oxide film (5) is formed on the conductive film. The titanium oxide film has at least one pore of diameter 10-400 nm.    USE -   Photoelectric cell for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Energy adsorption characteristics of titanium oxide film is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the photoelectric cell. (1) Substrate; (2) Transparent electrically conductive film; (5) Titanium oxide film.
NOVELTY - Predefined portion of power integration unit (3) which integrates electric power from several solar cells is provided within the attachment portion of frame. Back faces (7A,7A') of frame, at side opposing the power integrated circuit is positioned inside the power integrated area.    USE -   In electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Module efficiency per unit area is improved since electric power integration area is provided with the attachment area of frame. Reduction in withstand voltage is prevented by eliminating unwanted leak between power integrated area and frame. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of solar battery module. (3) Power integration unit; (7A,anda') Back faces of frame.
NOVELTY - Uniform parallel light beams are irradiated on a target (1) and the light which passes the target is photographed. The existence of local refraction defect is detected by detecting the light which is deviated from the predetermined deflection range.    USE -   For detecting local refraction defect of clear mold resin used in package of CCD solid state image pick-up.    ADVANTAGE -   Detects local refraction defect accurately. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory view of local refraction defect detection. (1) Target.
NOVELTY - Several pits having circular or elliptical cross section are formed on the lower portion base rock (12) of a tunnel-like cavity (10) extended horizontally. A base rock is interposed among each pit and an electricity generation unit (16) is installed in each pit.    USE -   For underground power station such as pumped storage station.    ADVANTAGE -   Stability of the cavity is increased. Timbering is greatly reduced. Enables installation of underground power station, even in difficult points, and enlarges the range of locations. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the cavity of underground power station. (10) Tunnel-like cavity; (12) Base rock; (16) Electricity generation unit.
NOVELTY - An acryl block (70) provided with reflecting film (71) is arranged opposite to LED (64) to guide the light emitted from the elements to a photographic film surface in which several image frames are recorded. The LEDs are provided in a light source (66) to emit light of different wavelength corresponding to the three primary colors.    USE -   For e.g. CCD scanner for image printer for digital lab system.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces generation of heat during the light emission period by processing cooling pipe behind light source. Enables to balance illumination intensity of light for every color. Enables to scan images at high speed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a side view of CCD scanner. (64) Light emitting elements; (66) Light source; (70) Acryl block; (71) Reflecting film.
NOVELTY - An insulating layer (21) made from synthetic material is coated to thickness of 30 m onto surface of a heat absorbing panel (2). The panel is fixed to solar battery module (1) using adhesive layer (14) and then polymerized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar heat conversion module manufacturing method.    USE -   Is installed in roof panel of buildings such as residence for use as heat source.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents direct contact of lead wire of battery cells and heat absorbing panel, thereby preventing short circuit. Prevents damage to solar battery cell and insulating layer during assembling, thereby improving reliability of electric insulation. Simplifies formation of insulating layer, as general coating procedure is adopted for formation of the layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows perspective exploded view of solar battery unit. (1) Solar battery module; (2) Heat absorbing panel; (14) Adhesive layer; (21) Insulating layer.
NOVELTY - A spacer (3) is provided along the edges, between the top and bottom of glass panes (1,2), which are positioned in a parallel configuration. A laminated photo-electric converter (4) is formed on the innersurface of one of the glass panes (1,2) and a dessicant is incorporated between the two glass panes.    USE -   For power generation from integrated solar battery module installed in roof surface.    ADVANTAGE -   Deformation of module is prevented, since the co-efficient of thermal expansion is the same in front and back of solar battery module. Danger of leakage of electricity is reduced, since the front and back of the module are insulated. Visual inspection of electrical connections is possible through pair of glass panes, hence eases maintenance. Increased endurance is materialized due to the use of dessicant. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of the solar battery module. (1,2) Glass panes; (3) Spacer; (4) Photo-electric converter.
NOVELTY - Semiconductor cell (1) for radiation detection is arranged at predetermined regular intervals along predetermined direction. An application electrode (2) and a signal ejection electrode (3) are provided in parallel so that the semiconductor cell shares the two electrodes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for collimator installation apparatus.    USE -   For nuclear medicine diagnostic apparatus, X-ray computer tomography apparatus for detecting radiation from radio isotope (RI) for imaging.    ADVANTAGE -   Since cell density is made high, signal processing for image formation is simplified, and design of circuit is also simplified. Loss of radiation detection sensitivity is suppressed to minimum extent and positioning control of collimator is simple. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows fragmentary sectional view of radiation semiconductor detector. (1) Semiconductor cell; (2) Application electrode; (3)Signal ejection electrode.
NOVELTY - The jig (4) has a frame positioned across the double sided edge of the hybrid panel (1). The hybrid panel comprises solar battery cell arranged between EVA films, over which heat collection panel is arranged. Pressure plats of jig are positioned at either sides of hybrid panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of hybrid panel using jig.    USE -   For use during manufacture of hybrid panel processing both solar light and heat collection properties installed on roof of residential building.    ADVANTAGE -   As frame is provided across double sided edge of hybrid panel, side slippage of solar battery cell or heat collection panel is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of jig holding the hybrid panel. (1) Hybrid panel; (4) Jig.
NOVELTY - The electric conversion cells are connected electrically in series via the grooves. The metal connection band (108a) is formed by screen printing of metal paste along one side wall of the groove (107) so that transparent electrode of one cell is connected to back side electrode of adjoining cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The conversion cell includes crystalline photoelectric conversion layer having 80% or more volume crystallization molar fraction and its thickness is 0.5-20 m and its hydrogen content is 0.5-30 atom%. Grooves (104,107) are formed at back side of backside electrode layer (102) and transparent electrode layer (111) respectively. So that some photo electric conversion cells are formed on the substrate (101). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for describing electrode connection structure formation method.    USE -   For electrode connection in integrated silicon group thin film photoelectric convertor such as solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates to obtain convertor with outstanding photoelectric conversion characteristics by simple technique. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross section diagram explaining manufacturing process of integrated silicon thin film photoelectric convertor. (101) Substrate; (102) Back side electrode layer; (104,107) Grooves; (108) Metal connection band; (111) Transparent electrode layer.
NOVELTY - An output electrode (5) is provided on one side of aluminum oxide board (1) and the other side is coated with oxide film (1b) consisting of porous membrane filled with titanium dioxide particle (2), covered by glass electrode (3b).    USE -   For photo sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   The handling is simple and inexpensive due to solidification structure with simple component. The excitation efficiency is improved due to presence of TiO2 particle in the porous membrane of aluminum oxide board. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows conceptual diagram and expanded view of photo sensor. (1) Aluminum oxide board; (1b) Aluminum oxide film; (2) Titanium dioxide particle; (3b) Glass electrode; (5) Output electrode.
NOVELTY - A silicon type thin oxidation film (116) with a thickness of 0.5-50 nm is formed between the p-type crystal silicon layer (104) and the photoelectric conversion layer (105) so that the oxidation film (116) is in direct contact with the photoelectric conversion layer (105). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photoelectric conversion unit (111) has an n- type fine crystal silicon layer (104), a silicon type thin film photoelectric conversion layer (105) and a p- conductivity type silicon layer (106) which are laminated sequentially using a plasma CVD process. The photoelectric conversion unit is formed on a substrate (101).    USE -   E.g. solar battery, optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces defect in crystal grain. Improves photoelectric conversion characteristic. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates a perspective view of photoelectric conversion unit. (101) Substrate; (104) N-type silicon layer; (105) Photoelectric conversion layer; (106) P-type silicon layer; (111) Photoelectric conversion unit; (116) Silicon type thin oxidation film.
NOVELTY - A transparent substrate (23) is formed on the light receiving surface of a semiconductor substrate (24). Recess (26) is formed in the rear side of the substrate (24) between adjacent solar battery element (16), on whose partial wall, an oxide layer (18) is formed. Wiring (21) drawn from lateral electrode (20) of light receiving surface is mutually connected to a wiring (30) drawn from a rear side lateral electrode (29) of adjacent battery element through the recess. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacturing method of solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Mass production is enabled by connecting wirings of adjacent solar battery elements. Repeated usage of substrate is enabled as thin porous layer is formed above the substrate during manufacture, hence after sublation, substrate is left behind without rupture. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows process diagram involved in manufacture of solar battery. (16) Solar battery element; (18) Oxide layer; (20,29) Lateral electrode; (21,30) Wiring; (23) Transparent substrate; (24) Semiconductor substrate; (26) Recess.
NOVELTY - The semiconductor device (1) includes a light receiving area (2) from where a front wiring (4) is drawn along the peripheral surface. An electrode pad (5) made of metal or alloys of Ni, Cr, Au, Ag is provided for external connection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transparent layer (3) made of glass, quartz, sapphire or any transparent resin forms a frame (3a) on the peripheral surface for spacing the light receiving area. The light receiving area is sealed using sealing resin (6).    USE -   For mounting light receiving elements such as photodiodes, line sensor, image sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces size, weight and mounting cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the plan and sectional view of the semiconductor device. (1) Semiconductor device; (2) Light receiving area; (3) Transparent layer; (3a) Frame; (4) Front wiring; (5) Electrode pad; (6) Sealing resin.
NOVELTY - A buffer layer (12) and an InxGa1-xAsyP1-y as an optical absorption layer (11) where `x' and `y' lies between 0-1, are formed on the selected portion of a semiconductor substrate (13). The thickness `La' of absorption layer lies between 1.2-1.8 m and the thickness `Wb' of buffer layer lies between 0.05-1.8 m. The incidence surface is formed on the lower surface of the substrate. A spherical shaped microlens is formed on the optical absorption layer, over which the incidence of light is performed.    USE -   For optical communication field.    ADVANTAGE -   Obtains quick response speed. Obtains low operating voltage. Increases channel capacity. Increases skew capability in transmission. Improves inferior module production yield. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of semiconductor light receiving element. (11) Optical absorption layer; (12) Buffer layer; (13) Semiconductor substrate.
NOVELTY - Minute protrusions (1c) are formed on a silicon substrate (1). The width and height of the protrusions are 2 m or less. The sheet resistance of the substrate is 60-300 ~W/cm due to presence of reverse conductivity type semiconductor impurity. The aspect ratio of the protrusions lies between 0.1-2. Two pair of electrodes (3,4) are formed at specific portion on the upper-lower surface of the substrate, respectively.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces surface reflecting rate and thus improves short circuiting current value. Utilizes light effectively due to reduced reflecting rate. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the sectional view of the solar battery element. (1) Silicon substrate; (1c) Minute protrusions; (3,4) Electrodes.
NOVELTY - Multiple solar batteries (1) connected with lead wire (3) are dispersed in a transparent filler (2). A heat collection board (4) with heat pipe (5) is provided below the transparent filler. A transparent board (7) which is provided above the energy transducer (6) via a void layer (9), has a thick permselective membrane (8) with low emissivity adhered to its backside. The permselective membrane has high transmissivity in UV, visible and IR bands.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents radiation heat loss. Prevents reduction of electricity generation efficiency caused by temperature rise. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows sectional view of hybrid type solar battery apparatus. (1) Solar batteries; (2) Transparent filler; (3) Lead wire; (4) Heat collection board; (5) Heat pipe; (6) Energy transducer; (7) Transparent board; (8) Permselective membrane; (9) Void layer.
NOVELTY - The light receiving surface of a solar battery cell includes a surface electrode composed of a grid electrode (2), a bar electrode (3) and connector electrodes and textures are formed in a texture region except for a site where the surface electrode is formed. Textures formed in a peripheral portion have different dimensions than those formed in an inside portion of the peripheral portion.    USE - Manufacturing solar battery cell with a non-reflecting configuration.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces crack and cleavage formation in the texture structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the production of a solar battery cell with textures.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlarged view of a portion of a solar battery cell.    Grid electrode (2)    Bar electrode (3)
NOVELTY - The aqua trainer has a concrete base, an entrance (1) and an exit (2). Movement is on a maintenance-free, selective running surface with running belt (4) and damping (3). A BioLife water treatment system (Patent No. 195465287.4/09) (8) ensures healthy water. Control panel (7), a used water collection container (11), a pump and a fresh water container (12) are also provided. Systems can be static or portable.    USE - For training people and animals, especially for horses.    ADVANTAGE - Developed to enable cost-effective static treatment and recuperation with training in water whilst protecting the body to the maximum extent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a static trainer.    Entrance (1)    Exit (2)    Damping (3)    Running belt (4)    Control panel (7)    Water treatment system (8)    Used water collection container (11)    Fresh water container (12)
NOVELTY - At least one converter receives and converts the energy, and a conductor system leads the energy forwards and backwards, and a mechanical storage unit accumulates the converted energy. The converter comprises a collector for solar energy as thermal one. The installation contains an optical assembly for coupling solar energy according to the instantaneous sun position. Pref. the collector comprises a thermally conductive plate, located in the focal point of the optical assembly, and a heat exchanger for transmission of the thermal energy.    USE - For small but efficient solar energy conversion installation.    ADVANTAGE - Simple, low-cost design for decentralized, environment friendly energy provision.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an example of the invention installation    optical assembly (2)    line system (4)    pump (5)    heat insulating sight (7)    heat exchanger (8)    generator (10)
NOVELTY - A transparent glass panel (1) is welded or glued to the heat absorbing glass plate (2), using mutually offset spacers (3a), the welding etc. carried out at the edges (3b). There is a surface connection of the solar radiation collectors to photovoltaic modules and/or window surfaces via a holding frame, or building skeleton, forming by sealed link a unit.    USE - For easy blending the solar radiation collector with the building architecture.    ADVANTAGE - No need for an expensive and heat convecting housing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure presents solar collector without housing    transparent glass panel (1)    heat absorbing glass panel (21)    spacer (3a)    collector edges (3b)
NOVELTY - An optoelectronic component comprises a pixel(s) having two electrodes (302, 310) for electric coupling with an optoelectronically active material (304, 306, 308) between them. The material is a hybrid sol-gel to which a material affecting optoelectronic properties and a radiation sensitive polymer are chemically attached. The material is hardened and patterned by radiation.    USE - The invention is for LEDs and diode-type detectors based on organic material. The component is used in a display unit or as a backlight (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention avoids weak stability of the components, which results in weak adhesion of the electrode materials, and the complication of the manufacturing process. The process is simple since it is based only on a known manufacturing technique that is economical and easy to control. For example, oxides are always formed on the surface of metals and they constitute a strong bond in the sol-gel material, and thus the component is stable and durable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of manufacturing the optoelectronic component: by spreading the optoelectronically active hybrid sol-gel on the first electrode; hardening the hybrid sol-gel by using UV radiation, X-rays, electronic radiation or chemical treatment; and forming the second electrode on the optoelectronically active hybrid sol-gel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show the structure of an organic diode and its doped areas.    Electrodes (302, 310)    Optoelectronically active material (304, 306, 308)
The method involves splitting up an image plane (1)into a raster of image points, on which is assigned an arrangement of electrical conductors. The imageplane is arranged opposite the measurement conductors (2), to provide a capacitance between each of the image points and measurement conductors. The capacitance is dependent on each relevant image point.     The charge available on the measurement conductor or on a shielding conductor (7,8) is discharged at a storage capacitor (Cs) and, at the same time, the potential difference between the measurement conductor (2) and the shielding conductor is balanced out. The procedure is repeated until the charges accumulated at the storage capacitors are sufficient for a separate measurement of each storage capacitance to be made.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplified technique.
NOVELTY - A dual channel CMOS structure comprises a first layer abutting the first gate, a protective layer overlying the first layer and a second layer overlying the protective layer and abutting the second gate. Preferably the first and second layers are oppositely doped glasses and the protective layer is nitride.    USE - In CMOS ICs having polysilicon gates.    ADVANTAGE - The structure allows source and drain doping and polysilicon gate doping to be performed by a high temperature anneal without the need for high dose ion implantations.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partially completed CMOS structure of the invention.    Impurity wells (12,14)    Polysilicon gates (20,22)    p or n doped glass layer (30)    Nitride protective layer (32)    n or p doped glass layer (34)
NOVELTY - A windmill (1) has its rotational shaft (26) coupled directly to a water pump (2) to rotate it and act as a prime mover for the water pump. A hydraulic turbine (5) receives water via penstock (7) from a first reservoir (22) and to discharge the water to a second reservoir (20) and to convert the water's kinetic energy into mechanical energy of turbine rotation. An electrical generator (6) is coupled to the turbine and rotated by the turbine to produce electrical energy.    USE - For economically converting wind energy into water potential energy by utilizing windmills coupled directly with water pumps to lift water from downstream to upstream of hydropower plant so as to use the water more than once to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Coupling windmills directly to water pumps is advantageous to using windmills to generate electricity in that water pumps are much cheaper than the equipment used to convert wind energy into electricity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an elevational view of the invention.    windmill (1)    water pump (2)    hydraulic turbine (5)    electrical generator (6)    penstock (7)    second reservoir (20)    first reservoir (22)    rotational shaft (26)
NOVELTY - Optical amplification semiconductor chip is fixed temporarily over a heat sink (2) in the position where strength of laser via optical fiber is maximum. The light receiving chip is also fixed above the heat sink where the strength of received light is maximum. The semiconductor chip and light receiving chip are temporarily fixed on heat sink (2) using solder material (4) and crimp metal (1b).    USE -   For manufacturing multichip semiconductor laser module.    ADVANTAGE -   By mounting optical amplification semiconductor chip and light receiving chip temporarily on heat sink, the temperature characteristics of a laser module is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of multichip semiconductor laser module. (1b) Crimp metal; (2) Heat sink; (4) Solder material.
NOVELTY - The watercourse pressure is supplied by pump to a generator. The pressure is in turn used to generate power by the generator (12).    USE -   For generating power in agricultural works etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables compact installation and simple operation as the watercourse pressure is supplied to power generator by the water pump. Avoids unnecessary installation and enables usage for warm work where electric power is not supplied from workstations, as generator is used for power generation with the help of watercourse pressure. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the theoretical diagram of the power generator with other components. (12) Generator.
NOVELTY - A float (2) is attached to the end of a lever rod (1). The float oscillates by the movement of the wave which makes the lever rod to rotate a shaft. A large turning effort is produced as many lever rods are attached to the shaft (9). The turning effort produced in the shaft is used to rotate a generator (10) to generate electricity.    USE -   For generating power from movement of the waves.    ADVANTAGE -   Has simple construction and hence the manufacturing cost is less. Using the wave power generating apparatus power is produced safely and economically. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagrammatic view of the tidal power generator. (1) Lever rod; (2) Float; (9) Shaft; (10) Generator.
NOVELTY - A pseudo target is made to display step situation on foot-type mat (2). A check screen checks and displays user's physical examination result corresponding to response input by integral selection button (3) and determination button (4) provided in interactive former in food pad (1). The selection screen displays number of walks of steps and walking velocity based on diagnostic result of check screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for healthy step movement improvement and management program stored in memory medium.    USE -   For healthy step movement improvement and management.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to maintain step movement for long time, thereby performing health care easily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of healthy step movement improvement apparatus. (1) Food pad; (2) Foot-type mat; (3) Integral selection button; (4) Determination button.
NOVELTY - Belt is moved vertically by longitudinal boards (11L,11R) provided under belt. Detectors (21,22) are provided to edge of each board. A computer (27) computes walk situation of trainer, based on detected load.    USE -   For walk assistance system, for exercise.    ADVANTAGE -   Walking of trainer is not inhibited by changing belt movement by longitudinal boards. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of walk assistance system. (11L,11R) Longitudinal boards; (21,22) Detectors; (27) Computer.
NOVELTY - The generally rectangular solar cell (1) has two mutually orthogonal sides (9, 11) in plan view adjoined by an oblique side (13). A reverse current protection diode (14) is located in the region bounded by the oblique side and the imaginary projections (9a, 11a) of the two orthogonal sides (9,11).    USE - For protecting solar cells from reverse currents through them, e.g. in a spacecraft or satellite power supply system.    ADVANTAGE - Allows protection to be provided for the individual cells in an array of solar cells without significant loss in the area occupied by the solar cell surfaces.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the solar cell.    Solar cell (1)    Orthogonal sides (9, 11)    Imaginary extensions of orthogonal sides (9a, 11a)    Oblique side (13)    Reverse current protection diode (14)
NOVELTY - The roof cover elements such as, for example, concrete or clay roof tiles are provided with openings which are covered with a material such as glass, Plexiglass etc. which is transparent to sunlight.    USE - For electricity generation by means of photovoltaic cells.    ADVANTAGE - Need for mounting costly photovoltaic installations on roofs is eliminated together with drawbacks (unsightly appearance, susceptibility to mechanical damage, dependence on services of specialist firms) associated with such installations.
NOVELTY - The concentrator has several, simultaneously adjustable reflection strips (1), reflecting the solar radiation onto at least one absorber. Each reflection strip is coupled to at least one gearwheel (5), engaging a toothed rack (4) without free play. The toothed rack is pressed against the gearwheels by bearings fitted at the side opposite to the toothed rack. Pref. the toothed rack is resiliently sprung, as are the bearings. The strips conform to a concentrator shape, as a parabola-shaped groove.    USE - For adjustable concentration of solar radiation in a solar installation.    ADVANTAGE - Facility for exact following of the solar movement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an installation, contg. several concentrators.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a two-dimensional concentrator.    Reflection strip (1)    gearwheel (5)    toothed rack (4)
NOVELTY - The generator includes individual solar cells (2) arranged and sealed weatherproof on a carrier disk (1). Electric connections are provided in form of plug connections (3, 4), which are freely accessible from the outside, and are mounted with inverted polarity on respectively opposite sides. The individual solar cells can be connected by means of electric conductors to arbitrary voltage and current values.    USE - Solar generator for small electric devices, for camping.    ADVANTAGE - Provides simple and cost-effective connection of individual solar cells, enabling fast implementation according to respective application, space saving as can spread it over tent etc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an arrangement according to the invention.    carrier disk (1)    solar cells (2)    plug connections (3, 4)
NOVELTY - The method involves a solar energy collector panel being mounted on a stand. A built-in two dimensional position control is used to allows the panel to track the sun. The Y axis adjustment is provided by a motor (M1) built into the central vertical tube, while the X axis is provided by a second motor (M2) located within the panel structure.    USE - For solar energy collection    ADVANTAGE - Provides for Improved efficiency of collection    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the complete photo voltaic device with coverage adjustment    Motors (M1,M2)    Spindle (3)
NOVELTY - The hybrid energy recovery has solar energy cells (1) arranged as decorative artificial flowers at the end of branches or stems that are fixed to a main structure (2). The stems are produced of a flexible material and have built in piezoelectric devices that generate an output proportional to deflection caused by wind forces.    USE - For energy recovery    ADVANTAGE - Gives combined recovery from one structure    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a general view of the energy recovery system.    solar energy cells (1)    main structure (2)
An energy gathering device for gathering natural wind energy, water stream energy, or wave energy to maximum in order to do work, and is composed of coiled spring, force boosting gear set, speed-changing gear set and energy release controller. Its advantages include wide input range of energy, high utilization rate of natural energy, high stability of output energy and convenient storage and application of energy.
A non-dam self-intercepting floated water turbine for energy conversion with waterpower resource is disclosed, which features no influence to upstreat and downstreat of river as building dam is unnecessary, no limitation from topographic terrain and features, unique mechanism following gear and unique floating mode, high stability and reliability, multiple purposes, no loss of water head, high efficiency and simple structure.
NOVELTY - The body (8) of portable electronic device (U) is connected by a flexible connector (9), to a self-support type power supply (1), such that the body (8) contacts the back side of power supply. A photoelectric converter (2) and a charge storage (3) are provided in the power supply. Permanent magnets (10,11) are provided in the power supply and the electronic device body (8).    USE -   E.g. radio receiver, electronic notebook, positional information transmitter.    ADVANTAGE -   The device can be easily installed in bag or packet while carrying. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the portable electronic device. (1) Power supply; (2) Photoelectric converter; (3) Charge storage; (8) Body; (9) Flexible connector; (10,11) Permanent magnets; (U) Portable electronic device.
NOVELTY - A n type filter layer (68) formed on a semiconductor substrate, absorbs signal light of longer wavelength and passes signal light of shorter wavelength to center p light reception area (69). The shorter wavelength signal light is passed via pn junction of diffusion shield layer.    USE -   In optical transceiver module of bidirectional optical communication system.    ADVANTAGE -   The necessity of wavelength splitter and signal delay component are eliminated, thus offering the light receiving element suitable for surface mounting. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of light receiving element. (68) n type filter layer; (69) Center p light reception area.
NOVELTY - Base layers (3,7) are electrically connected to a collector layer (13) by a Schottky barrier diode (17). An emitter layer (4) is formed on the part on surface of base layer (3). The Schottky barrier diode is formed at center section of base layers, near the emitter layer.    USE -   For use as switching element.    ADVANTAGE -   Shortens switching time of photo-transistor effectively, by reducing transition capacitance between base and collectors. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of photo-transistor chip. (3,7) Base layers; (4) Emitter layer; (13) Collector layer; (17) Schottky barrier diode.
NOVELTY - The N-type semiconductor layer is divided into several main areas, by forming grooves. The main area of N-type semiconductor layer of electrode of unit cell (101) is electrically connected to the area of adjoining unit cell (102) where the P-type semiconductor layer does not cover, is electrically connected to the N-type semiconductor layer of the adjoining unit cell (103). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of solar battery module.    USE -   For use during manufacture of solar battery module used for electric equipment, in home.    ADVANTAGE -   Reliable module output is obtained irrespective of sunlight conditions. Even after long period of exposure, damage to the unit cell and reduction in conversion efficiency does not occur. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top and sectional views of solar battery module. (101-103) Unit cells.
NOVELTY - Solar battery element is vacuum sealed in the module forming an amorphous silicon layer (31) on a board with adhesive agent or resin sheet (33). The sealed edges are inserted into slits of frame (38). The frame has a flexible junction material (37) which penetrates inside slits.    USE -   For calculators, wrist watches.    ADVANTAGE -   Effective operation is ensured since failure of battery due to water penetration is prevented by tight sealing. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of solar battery module. (31) Amorphous silicon layer; (33) Resin sheet; (37) Flexible junction material; (38) Frame.
NOVELTY - A photoelectric conversion semiconductor layer is formed on a metal plate (3). The circumference of solar battery element (1) and metal plate is filled with EVA resin. Then, the solar battery module surface is coated by covering material (5).    USE -   For protecting solar battery module used as power supply for calculator, wrist watch, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves scratch resistant property by forming thin covering material, thereby weight of solar battery is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic sectional view of solar battery module. (1) Solar battery element; (3) Metal plate; (5) Covering material.
NOVELTY - A solar battery device (100) is soaked in reaction solution (101) to which light is irradiated. The pinhole (105) formed on the transparent conductive layer or electrically conductive layer which are formed as upper or back electrodes, is filled up with insulating or semiconductor film (106). The selective filling up removes short circuit formed between upper and back electrodes.    USE -   For recovery of solar battery affected by short circuits.    ADVANTAGE -   The defects such as pinholes formed by short circuits, manufacture etc, are rectified by filling, by simple procedure. The stability of the element is maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of recovery method of solar battery device. (100) Solar battery device; (101) Reaction solution; (105) Pinhole portion; (106) Semiconductor film.
NOVELTY - A porous layer (102) is formed on a silicon wafer (101) by anodization, on which epitaxial growth of semiconductor layer is performed. Synthesis is performed on the surface of semiconductor layer and an opening is formed in the porous layer. The porous layer is etched via the opening and the semiconductor layer is isolated from the silicon wafer.    USE -   For manufacturing optoelectric transducer, solar battery, area sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Mass production of solar battery with good quality is obtained by forming thin film semiconductor with favorable characteristics efficiently. Manufacturing cost is reduced by using inexpensive metal substrate which can also be reused. Improves manufacturing efficiency by forming thin film semiconductor on both sides of substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows manufacturing process of solar battery. (101) Substrate; (102) Porous layer.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor microparticle layer (12) is formed on a conductive support base (11) using screen printing or sol-gel method. A sensitizing dye (13) is laminated over the semiconductor microparticle layer (12) using an extrusion die coater, a wire burr coater a slide hopper type coater or a spin coater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sensitizing dye is coated on the semiconductor microparticle layer after drying the microparticle layer. A counter electrode (16) is provided on organic hole transportation layer (15) that is formed over the sensitizing dye after an elapse of a predetermined time at which the sensitizing dye is adsorbed on the semiconductor microparticle layer.    USE -   For mass production of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to obtain solar battery with uniform photoelectric conversion property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing indicates a sectional view of solar battery. (11) Conductive support base; (12) Semiconductor microparticle layer; (13) Sensitizing dye; (15) Organic hole transportation layer; (16) Counter electrode.
NOVELTY - The number of solar panels (32c) required to output a predetermined electric power are arranged along vertical and horizontal directions on the roof surface. A single tier comprises 9-10 solar panels.    USE -   In roof of buildings for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Since solar panels are arranged on the roof in specific pattern, the design of the roof and architectural beauty of the building are enhanced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the building with solar power generating roof. (32c) Solar panels.
NOVELTY - The output of avalanche photodiode (APD) (2) is amplified and level of amplified signal is detected. Based on detected signal level, a voltage setting circuit (7) sets voltage impressed to APD. The voltage is adjusted such that reproduction factor of APD is fixed when its light reception level is within predetermined limits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The output of APD is initially amplified by pre-amplifier (3) whose output is input to an LPF (4). The output of LPF is input to a main amplifier (5). The voltage set by voltage setting circuit is impressed to APD by voltage generator.    USE -   For avalanche photodiode used in optical signaling device.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses variation in cut-off frequency and time delay in photodiode, thereby expanding its frequency characteristics. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of optical receiver. (2) Avalanche photodiode; (3) Pre-amplifier; (4) LPF; (5) Main amplifier; (7) Voltage setting circuit.
NOVELTY - A P type epitaxial layer is formed on a P+ type substrate. Bilayer N- type region is formed on a P type epitaxial layer such that first N- type is formed by deep ion implantation and second N- type region is formed by shallow ion implantation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for pinned photodiode manufacturing method.    USE -   For image sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Image quality of image sensor product is improved by increasing the number of PN junctions and electrostatic capacitance of pinned photodiode. Photosensitivity of the image sensor is increased by increasing the depth of depletion layer of pinned photodiode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of pinned photodiode.
NOVELTY - A dry oxidation is performed to the entire insulation substrate (1) consisting of electrode (2), photoelectric conversion film (3) and insulation film (4). A transparent electrode (5) is formed on insulation film and photoelectric conversion film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photoelectric conversion film is formed on the electrode (2) formed on the insulation substrate. The insulation film covers electrode (2) and photoelectric conversion film leaving the top of photoelectric conversion film which contacts with the electrode (5).    USE -   For manufacturing optoelectric transducer.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents short circuit by performing dry oxidation of entire substrate consisting of electrode, photoelectric coversion film and insulation film. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of manufacturing method of optoelectric transducer. (1) Insulation substrate; (2) Electrode; (3) Photoelectric conversion film; (4) Insulation film; (5) Transparent electrode.
NOVELTY - A pair of flat electrodes (1,3) are provided on the upper and lower dies of the photoconductive layer (2). Light signal (12) is input from the side of the photoconductive layer.    USE -   For photoconductor which has diamond.    ADVANTAGE -   Complicated procedures such as lithography technique are not required for controlling the photoconduction. The electron hole generated by the light signal is easily detected, due to provision of flat electrode sheets. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the photoconductor. (1,3) Flat electrodes; (2) Photoconductive layer; (12) Light signal.
NOVELTY - The lighting adaptor (2) which has convex arc at upper surface is mounted to solar panel (1). Corresponding to change of time or solar elevation the retraction of solar light is performed by convex arc surface of adaptor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for light receiving apparatus.    USE -   For solar panel for electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   As the retraction effect of lighting adaptor can be performed, light receiving quantity can be increased thus electricity generation efficiency is increased. As the surface of lighting adaptor is of convex shape, rain water is cleaned naturally thus transparency can be maintained. As the temperature of solar panel can be reduced by absorbing heat ray of long wavelength, reduction of generated output can be prevented. As the sun movement can be automatically tracked, power expense is prevented and running cost is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the change of position relationship on sun and solar panel. (1) Solar panel; (2) Lighting adaptor.
NOVELTY - A pair of jacks respectively inserts clamp protrusions incorporating positive and negative terminals of solar battery module which are connected to respective pin like plugs (3,4) into connections cables (2). The knob portions (32,42) of the plugs have rubber like elasticity with their end surfaces (32a,42a) maintained by clamped grooves (31a,41a) and clamp protrusion connections.    USE -   For solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   The electric leakage and short degree by penetration of rain water is prevented effectively by effectively sealing at time of connection between an outlet and plug. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows principal part sectional view showing power cable connecting structure for solar power generation system. (2) Cables; (3,4) Plugs; (31a,41a) Clamped grooves; (32,42) Knob portions; (32a,42a) End surfaces.
NOVELTY - A member (11), sealing material sublayer (12), solar battery (13), sealing material upper layer (14) are sequentially laminated on a mount base (3) of a multilayer body (1). The multilayer body which has a frame (20) at its periphery is heated and then pressed.    USE -   In solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   The frame suppresses flow out of sealing material caused due to pressure application. Offers solar battery module with flat surface. Raises voltage withstand characteristics. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal part expanded sectional view of solar battery module. (1) Multilayer body; (3) Mount base; (11) Member; (12) Sealing material sublayer; (13) Solar battery; (14) Sealing material upper layer; (20) Frame.
NOVELTY - The solar battery element (1) is mutually connected by connection element (2). The reinforcement portion (10) covers the edge portion of connection element by fixing it on the surface of solar battery element.    USE -   For solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Connection element is fixed on solar battery element by reinforcement portion thus preventing disconnection element from the battery element. Handling during manufacture is also simplified. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows expanded sectional view of solar battery. (1) Solar battery element; (2) Connection element.
NOVELTY - A retainer (5) is provided at the back side of solar battery module (1) for fixing connector (4).    USE -   In roof mounted solar battery module for residence.    ADVANTAGE -   As retainers are provided to hold the connectors and cable in position, the cable and connectors are prevented from hanging loosely from solar battery module. The cables do not interfere with light incident on the solar cell. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of back side of solar battery module fitted with retainer clamps. (1) Solar battery module; (4) Connector; (5) Retainer.
NOVELTY - An activity interruption layer (2) and a pollution protection layer (3) are laminated on a base film (1) to form a protection film (10). The protection film is laminated on a light receiving surface (5) of solar battery element (6).    USE -   For solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE -   The protection film maintains permeability of solar light ray even if dust or oil components are adhered on surface, so energy conversion efficiency of solar battery is maintained. The activity interruption layer prevents deterioration of the base film by the light.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the conceptual cross sectional view of solar battery module. (1) Base film; (2) Activity interruption layer; (3) Protection layer; (5) Light receiving surface; (6) Solar battery element; (10) Protection film.
NOVELTY - A light transmitting module accommodates a light receiving element in case main body, for performing electric-optical conversion via the flexible board.    USE -   Bidirectional light transmission module.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces number of components required, thus improves economical efficiency. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of bidirectional light transmitting module.
NOVELTY - A sensor consists of several optoelectric transducer which stores electric charge based on amount of incident light. A detector (24) detects destruction data in the electric charge stored in the optoelectric transducer. A switching unit switches a preset process based on output of sensor and detector, suitably.    USE -   For use in camera.    ADVANTAGE -   Since contrast component is amplified, focal detection capability can be raised efficiently and the photoelectric conversion apparatus does not re-integrate. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of focal detector. (24) Detector.
NOVELTY - A P-type diffusion area (305) is formed on the sides of trench formed at fixed depth on a P-type epitaxial layer (302). A N-type diffused area (304) is formed on the lower portion of the P-type diffused area (305) so that a part of diffused area (305) contacts epitaxial layer.    USE -   For complementary metal oxide semiconductor image sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Integrated CMOS image sensor with high sensitivity and resolution is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of pinned photodiode. (302) P-type epitaxial layer; (304) N-type diffused area; (305) P-type diffused area.
NOVELTY - The light receiving element (2) on a substrate (6) consists of photodiodes (3a,3b). Primary and secondary optical waveguides (4a,4b) consists of core, lower and upper clad layers. Primary optical waveguide guides light from light-emitting element (1) to measurement object (5a). Secondary optical waveguide guides the reflected light from measurement object to light receiving element.    USE -   For micro-accelerometer and micro-distortion sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the light-emitting element, light receiving element and optical waveguides are formed integrally on the semiconductor substrate and the size and cost of micro-displacement meter is reduced, remarkably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of integrated micro displacement meter. (1) Light-emitting element; (2) Light receiving element; (3a,3b) Photodiodes; (4a) Primary optical waveguide; (4b) Secondary optical waveguide; (5a) Measurement object.
NOVELTY - The solar cell comprises at least one active zone comprises molecules stacked on top of one another. The molecule have at least one n-conducting side and at least one p-conducting side.    USE - Solar cell    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The molecules are arranged on top of one another so that p-conducting and n-conducting sides each develop their own stacks. The molecules are synthesised from p-conducting phthalocyanines and n-conducting perylenes and evaporated onto a layer e.g p-conducting phthalocyanine. The upper layer comprises e.g n-conducting perylene.
NOVELTY - The arrangement mounts a solar module (2) concisely on a carrying profile (1) which has several T-shaped slots on a side facing the solar module. A T-shaped slot (3) has a deepening for recording a shaft (6) of a mounting device (5). A latch- or clamping connection is produced after the installation between the mounting device and the carrying profile, whereby the mounting device grasps above the edge of the solar module lying on the carrying profile, and thereby presses the solar module on the carrying profile.    USE - Especially for mounting solar module on roof or similar surface.    ADVANTAGE - Provides cost-effective arrangement which is easy to install.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an arrangement according to the invention.    carrying profile (1)    solar module (2)    T-shaped slot (3)    shaft (6)    mounting device (5)
NOVELTY - The solar cell panel has several solar cells (1) connected in parallel and/or series and covered by a single clear glass panel. Part of the glass panel has colorful or dark glass elements (4) melted onto it whilst the solar cells are mounted on the remaining parts of the glass panel. The pattern forming glass elements leave large windows (2) free, behind which several solar cells are arranged immediately adjacent to and/or upon each other.    USE - Decorative solar panel.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the walls to be covered with the panels to be given an attractive appearance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of the solar panel.    Solar cells (1)    Windows (2)    Glass elements (4)
NOVELTY - The individual blankets (2) are interconnected by hinges vertically w.r.t the unfolding direction of the array (1). The solar cells are fitted in several parallel and series circuits. The current conductor strip system consists of an inner system (4) and an outer one (5) outside of the cell carrying blanket. The parallel circuits are meander-shaped, and the series circuits are U-shaped, electric conductors (10) provide interconnection of cells in the parallel circuits, while conductors (9) carry the current from the inner system to the energy processors of the spacecraft.    USE - For energy supply systems of spacecraft.    ADVANTAGE - Low-cost, flexible, foldable solar generator design.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates a generator array    array (1)    blankets (2)    inner conductor system (4)    outer conductor system (5)    conductors for series circuits (9)    conductors for parallel circuits (10)
A photoelectric integrated circuit (IC) with light detecting circuit featres that said IC can directly convert the input light signals to electronic signals which are processed in the IC. Said light detecting circuit integrated in the IC is a metal-semiconductor-metal sturcture and can generate current when it is radiated by light, so the input light signals can be converted to electronic signals.
NOVELTY - The turbine is supported by a frame held in place by an encircling series of crescent-shaped tubular deflector vanes (9). The vanes widen towards the turbine core (4), concentrating the wind. The energy of the wind is extracted by curved rotor impeller surfaces (14) that spiral inwardly. Air following this inward path is directed to another adjacent spiral impeller surface (50) to extract further energy. Air can be supplied to such cavities from a compressed air source driven by wave action on a body of water.    USE - The turbine may be used in the generation of electrical power e.g. on a wind farm, in a tidal estuary or on the bow of a ship.    ADVANTAGE - The turbine has improved performance by increasing the amount of energy taken from the air entering the turbine by making the air transfer from one inwardly curving spiral vane to a second spiral vane when exiting the first spiral vane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional plan view of a turbine rotor.    turbine core (4)    tubular deflector vanes (9)    curved rotor impeller surfaces (14)    spiral impeller surface (50)
NOVELTY - Thin-layer solar cells are produced by coating an organic polymeric supporting material with at least one photovoltaically active layer and annealing them together. The supporting material has glass transition temperature 90-200 degrees C. Coating is carried out below the glass transition temperature and annealing is conducted at 400-600 degrees C using a laser for 0.01-1 s at 2-5000 W/mm2.    USE - The invention is used in the production of thin-layer solar cells, e.g. cadmium/tellurium (CdTe) solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides high efficiency solar cells. It permits the use of flexible films without the polymeric supporting material being damage by high temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar cell containing at least one photovoltaically active layer on a support.
NOVELTY - The solar battery units (2,3) are each formed in the shape of a hollow triangular cross-section column. Cells are located underneath outer surface windows (10). Many units can be connected together.    USE - Solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The unit can easily be fixed or placed anywhere, keeping all unsightly wiring to the inside of the column.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the solar battery.    Solar battery units (2,3)    Surface window (10)
NOVELTY - The rectangular or square frame is made of different profiles (1-3) to accommodate plate-shaped elements or panels. One profile has an L-shaped part (1.1) to support the panel on the rear and to hold it laterally, another profile has only one supporting surface that only supports the panel on the rear. The other profiles have a first U-shaped part open to the panel to accommodate its edge region. One profile has a second U-shaped part (2.1,3.1) open to the front or rear.    USE - For holding plate-shaped tiles e.g. solar modules or solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Is simple and cost-effective to manufacture and can be simply used as a roof skin for a sloping roof.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) an arrangement of several frames.    (b) an inclined roof with an arrangement of frames.    (c) a profile for a frame.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of the various profiles    profiles (1-3)    U-shaped parts (1.1,2.1,3.1)
NOVELTY - A variable resistor (78) is mounted on a control board (72) and out of alignment with an elongated slot (75). The variable resistor has a control lever (781) connected to a control button (76), whereby movement of the control button in the elongated slot moves the control lever.    USE - For treadmill.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents liquid from dripping into variable resistor to cause damage to electronic circuitry.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The control board is mounted on the receiving opening of a framework configured to be mounted on the treadmill. The side of the control board and the side of the receiving opening form the elongated slot. The control button has a portion extending through the elongated slot.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the exploded view of the electronic control panel.    Control board (72)    Elongated slot (75)    Control button (76)    Variable resistor (78)    Control lever (781)
NOVELTY - A removable solar battery module (3) is accommodated in a frame (2). The module is slided and mounted from one edge of the frame.    USE -   Used for solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Maintenance operation is done quickly, because the fault can be repaired easily by removing the frame. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of solar panel. (2) Frame; (3) Solar battery module.
NOVELTY - Solar panels (21) are installed on roof surface (3A) of a building (1). The solar panels are connected by a connecting wire (40) provided in the space maintained inside roof edge.    USE -   For configuring solar panels on roof surface of building.    ADVANTAGE -   Since exposure of wire unit is prevented, cover material for wire unit is not necessary. Therefore, number of parts can be reduced and reduction in speed during designing the roof is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram of roof of building containing solar panels. (1) Building; (3A) Roof surface; (21) Solar panel; (40) Connecting wire.
NOVELTY - Roof surface is formed by arranging several roof panels (5) of predetermined size. Several solar panels (10) are arranged vertically and horizontally on the roof surface. Solar panel (10A) has several integrally arranged solar panels and is arranged on joint of the roof panels. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar panel assembling method.    USE -   For mounting solar battery panels on roof.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the integrally formed solar panel is used to mount on joint of roof panels, assembly operation of the roof can be performed in short time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows enlargement perspective diagram of the roof with solar battery. (5) Roof panels; (10,10A) Solar panels.
NOVELTY - The structure has a planar heating element installed to the backside of solar panel, provided with a solar battery layer, to provide de-icing function. The planar heating element has a heat emitting sheet consisting of carbon, coated with an insulated film at both sides.    USE -   For solar battery module installed at roof top of building such as solar house.    ADVANTAGE -   Removes snow coverage on solar battery roof and prevents formation of snow on solar battery roof by using planar heating element. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of planar heating element.
NOVELTY - The phase of each monostable-bistable transition logic unit (6(1)-6(n)) deviates by one bit based on the received input optical signal. An output electrical signal is extracted from the output terminal (8(1)-8(n)) of each monostable-bistable transition logic unit at the bit rate of the input optical signal, using the received clock signals having a predetermined frequency.    USE - For use in simultaneous isolation output of multichannel electrical signal.    ADVANTAGE - Enables high-speed operation with low power consumption and with reduced number of components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each monostable-bistable transition logic unit consists of series connection of resonance tunnel diodes (1,2) for loads and drives. The drain of each field effect transistor FET (9(1)-9(n) is connected to the series connection node of the resonance tunnel diodes and the output terminal of each monostable-bistable transition logic unit. The common connection of the source of the FETs is performed to the cathode of a photodiode (11). The anode of the photodiode is connected to a DC power supply (12).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of a demultiplexer.    Resonance tunnel diodes (1,2)    -6(n)) Monostable-bistable transition logic unit (6(1)    -9(n) FET (9(1)    Photodiode (11)    Power supply (12)
NOVELTY - A control device controls the operation of the snow melting system of a solar battery based on the output parameter, outside air temperature, sunlight strength and time detected by corresponding sensors.    USE - For roof of building.    ADVANTAGE - Effectively prevents the output reduction of the solar power generation system. Efficiently melts the snow on the surface of the solar batter by performing motion control of the snow melting system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for following:    (a) a deicing control method for solar power generation system;    (b) a deicing control apparatus for solar power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart diagram of the deicing control method in the solar power generation system.
NOVELTY - The solar cell module (100) is provided with a readable and writable non-volatile memory medium (103) capable of large quantity information storage. Necessary information such as operation histories can readily be recalled.    USE - Solar power generation for modules attached to buildings.    ADVANTAGE - Each cell in a module can be identified with a serial number and relevant information about operation history i.e. maintenance or inspection date etc. can be recalled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a supervising method for supervising a complete solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top and bottom elevational views of the solar module showing the identification device.    Solar cell module (100)    Memory storage (103)
NOVELTY - A reflector system (60) for a solar wing (36) has adjacent reflector panels (62) which are inhibited from motion by tethers (80). Each panel can rotate into a store position (62A). From storage, each panel rotates to a deployed position, forming an angle with a solar cell face (72). Upon deployment, spring-biased reflector sheets (102) cover holes (100) for wing storage.    USE - Solar power generation for a spacecraft or satellite.    ADVANTAGE - Tethers between reflector panels ensures all deploy together and one does not move past another to damage the surface. Even holes for restraints to keep wing in stored position are covered by reflectors to ensure an optimum reflection surface when in deployed position.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a method for reducing damage to solar reflectors.    (b) a method for storing a solar wing and solar reflector system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the solar wing reflector assembly deployed.    Solar wing (36)    Reflector system (60)    Reflector panels (62)    Store position (62A)    Solar cell face (72)    Tethers (80)    Holes (100)    Reflector sheets (102)
NOVELTY - Flexible, lightweight reflective sheets (62) are positioned to concentrate solar radiation upon the solar panels (46). Sheets have inner and outer spring members (68,70) urging sheets into a planar configuration and rotating them away from the panel face. Rotation is limited by tethers (90).    USE - Solar power generation for spacecraft and satellites.    ADVANTAGE - Increased incident radiation onto the solar cell face permits higher yield of electricity, a reduction in the number of cells necessary and hence lower payload weights and sizes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a method of concentrating solar radiation upon a panel face.    (b) a spacecraft system, comprising a spacecraft with a solar panel and reflector array.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the deployed reflector configuration.    Solar panels (46)    Reflective sheets (62)    Springs (68,70)    Tethers (90)
NOVELTY - The arrangement provides a concise connection between a profile frame (2) of the solar module (1) and a carrying profile (4) by device of a clamping part (3). Several clamping parts connect respectively a side of the frame of the solar module with the carrying profile.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Provides cost-effective arrangement which is easy to install.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an arrangement according to the invention.    solar module (1)    profile frame (2)    clamping part (3)    carrying profile (4)
The method involves applying leads (42,43) and contacts (45,46) on a common substrate (40) for several electro-optical modules (50). An opening (56) is provided in the substrate, the edges of the opening being formed with respect to transducer modules to be carried on the contacts, so that the modules extend beyond the edges and their optically active zone lies in the opening region.    Connectors (62,63) for the transducer modules are connected to the contacts of the substrate. The substrate is dismantled after assembly of the converter modules.    USE -   E.g. for transducer modules for monitor units used to control laser transmitters.    ADVANTAGE -   Simpler manufacture.
NOVELTY - A photodiode array (5) produces an electromotive force and applies a forward bias to the PN junction (20c) of an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) (3). Another photodiode array (2) outputs a photoelectromotive force based on the received light from a light emitting diode (1). A control circuit (4) regulates the charging and discharging between gate sources of the IGBT.    USE -   For optical coupling.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents an offset voltage drop to insulated gate bipolar transistor, thus eliminates signal distortion. Simplifies manufacture of light receiving component. Simplifies manufacture of electrode for connecting semiconductor areas of different type. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the semiconductor relay. (1) Light emitting diode; (2) Photodiode array; (4) Control circuit; (5) Photodiode array; (20c) PN junction; (3) IGBT.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor area (6) with a predetermined conductivity, is formed within the island-shaped semiconductor area (5) between dielectric separating membranes (3) comprised of polysilicon layers (4). The conductivity of the semiconductor area is different from the conductivity of island-shaped semiconductor area.    USE -   Photodiode provided on dielectric isolating substrate.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents leak of surplus carrier based on photo irradiation. Generates sufficient photoelectromotive force. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a photodiode. (3) Dielectric separating membranes; (4) Polysilicon layers; (5) Island-shaped semiconductor area; (6) Semiconductor area.
NOVELTY - An evaporation type coolant (6) which uses the heat of vaporization of water, and which is manufactured from synthetic fiber and attached to back of back-side protective film (3) of the module main body (m). A water storage (7) that accumulates rain water (10) as cooling water (11) is attached to the lower end of the module main body. The lower end of the coolant is immersed in the cooling water.    USE -   For electricity generation in residence.    ADVANTAGE -   Suppresses reduction of cooling efficiency accompanied by temperature rise. Electric power for cooling is not consumed since fan or motor, temperature sensor, and control circuit are not used. Enables effective cooling by using heat of vaporization of water. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the solar-battery module. (3) Back-side protective film; (6) Evaporation type coolant; (7) Water storage; (10) Rain water; (11) Cooling water; (m) Module main body.
NOVELTY - The solar battery (5) has a light receiving surface that receives irradiated light from a stroboscope light emitting device (2) operated by a switch (3). The output voltage of the solar battery detected by a voltage divider (4) is compared with a preset value by a decision unit to determine if snow is covering the light receiving surface of the solar battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an automatic snow melting system of the solar battery.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Can directly detect if light receiving surface of solar battery is covered with snow. Prevents incorrectly detecting that snow is covering light receiving surface. Completion of deicing is detectable. Can be used at night. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the block diagram of the snow coverage detector. (2) Stroboscope light emitting device; (3) Switch; (4) Voltage divider; (5) Solar battery.
NOVELTY - A sealing frame material (2) is used to seal the peripheral edge of a solar battery main body (1). The sealing frame material, which is formed from a resin or rubber composition, is provided with a groove in the interior. When external force is applied, the solar battery main body is inserted in the extended groove.    USE - For residential solar power generation system set on roof of residential house.    ADVANTAGE - Improves solar battery module manufacturing efficiency since heating device for sealing frame material is unnecessary. Prevents sealing damage to solar battery main body since attachment to mounting piece can be performed without need for screw.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar battery module mounting structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the solar battery module.    Solar battery main body (1)    Sealing frame material (2)
NOVELTY - A transparent electroconductive film, cadmium sulphide film and a cadmium telluride film are sequentially formed on a transparent insulated substrate. A laser radiation (10) of wavelength below the absorption range of the cadmium telluride is irradiated from the transparent insulated substrate side. A selected portion of cadmium telluride film is removed to form predetermined pattern.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the solar battery.    USE -   For domestic electric power applications.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides outstanding output characteristics and raises electricity generation efficiency of solar battery with low series resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the manufacture of the solar battery.    Laser radiation (10)
NOVELTY - The pixel array layer is formed in an active matrix substrate (1) opposite to the polar zone formed in the opposing substrate (2). The photoconductive layer is arranged between the pixel array layer and the polar zone. The opposing substrate that is divided into twelve tile like portions, is connected to the active matrix substrate by the conductive material like adhesive agent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thin film transistors (5) are formed in each intersecting point of gate and source electrode of the pixel array layer. The pixel electrode is connected to the electrode through the transistors. METALLURGY - The photoconductive layer is formed by CdTe or CdZnTe compound semiconductor material.    USE -   For detecting radiation like X-ray, IR ray, visible light.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves yield of substrate at low cost by dividing it into number of small boards. Reduces cross talk between pixels by insulating adhesive agent used in connecting substrate. Improves detection sensitivity of radiation and moving image. Simplifies formation of substrates by enabling formation of photoconductive layer on substrate itself. Improves strength of substrates. Maintains large detection area even if conductive adhesive agent is used. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view and top view of 2-D image detector. (1) Active matrix substrate; (2) Opposing substrate; (5) Thin film transistors.
NOVELTY - The silicon crystal substrate which has p-type conductivity mold is heated to predetermined temperature. Then, oxygen, titanium compound and phosphorus compound of gaseous state are supplied to silicon substrate (1). The amount of supply ratio of the titanium with phosphorus is changed. n-type film is formed such that atomic ratio of the phosphorus opposing to titanium is set to 1:(0.1-1.5).    USE -   For silicon crystal solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since titanium oxide of uniform thickness is obtained, anti-reflective coating with favorable interference effect is obtained. Therefore number of processes is made few.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the state when forming titanium oxide film on silicon substrate. (1) Silicon substrate.
NOVELTY - The transducer includes a working electrode (10) consisting of a semiconductor layer (3) and a counter electrode (11) between which a solid layer (5) consisting of polymeric porous film is provided. An electrolyte (4) is maintained in the clearance of the solid layer.    USE -   For solar battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrolyte leaking or volatilizing reduces as polymeric porous film is used and as well as prevents short circuit. Stabilizes photoelectric conversion efficiency for a long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of optoelectric transducer. (3) Semiconductor layer; (4) Electrolyte; (5) Solid layer; (10) Working electrode; (11) Counter electrode.
NOVELTY - A furnace wall provided with an outer covering (3) has a layer of husk (2) in the interior. The space (4) between the husk and the covering is maintained at reduced pressure and has a radiation reflex layer (6).    USE -   For purifying silicon by vacuum melting for solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Thermal efficiency of the heating furnace is improved and the heat dissipated to the outside of reactor is reduced thereby reducing power consumption by 10%.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a cross sectional view of the heating furnace. (1) Heating furnace; (2) Husk; (3) Outer covering; (4) Space; (6) Radiation reflex layer.
NOVELTY - A water circulation type of electric generating apparatus is composed of conic centrifugal separator, water tank, water-delivering pump, electric generator set, water pump, and circulating water spool. Said water pump is positioned before horizontally arranged conic centrifugal separator and the water tank has water outlet pipe and valve on its bottom. A water outlet is at upper part of circulating water spool for automatically supplementing water.    USE -   A water circulation type of electric generating apparatus.    ADVANTAGES -   It features that the temp of water used to generate electricity can maintain not too high.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical rotor (10) containing longitudinal segments is arranged inside a cylindrical roller (14) around a stationary shaft (18). The longitudinal segments are arranged alternatively in radial direction along north-south magnetic polarity. Current received from an external power supply by shaft is communicated to stator coils provided on the shaft.    USE - In tread mills, material handling conveyor, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The need for reduction gear and clutch are eliminated as DC motor is housed inside the roller.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cylindrical metal housing is attached to the roller and rotor is provided inside the housing. The stator has several teeth which is encircled by a stator coil. The rotational position of the rotor is detected by a sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows longitudinal sectional view of motor and roller.    Cylindrical rotor (10)    Roller (14)    Stationary shaft (18)
NOVELTY - Electrocardiographic signals that include user's QRS complex is received through conductive hand grips (1). An analog filtering circuitry (8) reduces the bandwidth of received signals to narrow low frequency range so as to pass only information found in QRS complex of most users. A microprocessor (20) processes the filtered signals with reference to general model of QRS complex.    USE - In heart rate monitoring system incorporated in exercising machine for measuring heart rate of exercising person.    ADVANTAGE - The severe reduction in signal bandwidth by analog filter enables performing a sophisticated digital treatment of the signal. Hence a near real time heart rate is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The microprocessor (20) upon processing filtered electrocardiographic signals outputs signals representing current heart rate of user. The microprocessor in addition measures the signal noise level and performs noise compensation. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for heart rate monitoring method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of heart rate monitoring system.    Conductive hand grips (1)    Analog filtering circuitry (8)    Microprocessor (20)
NOVELTY - Plant has pressure unit in the form of column and working medium lifting guide with outlet accelerating nozzle upstream of turbine runner accelerating stage. Turbine is placed in casing connected to vacuum unit made in the form of double-stroke piston pump operated from compressed-gas cylinder. Turbine is connected to actuating mechanism, such as electric generator, through step-up gear and flywheel.    USE - Generation of electric, thermal, and other useful energy.    ADVANTAGE - Improved environmental friendliness in energy production.