(CN1241039-A)   NOVELTY - The element comprises a photovoltaic layer (32) with a first semiconductor junction layer and a current collecting electrode (34) on the light incident side of the layer. A bypass diode is connected in parallel, under the current collecting electrode as a bypass diode layer (38) having a second semiconductor junction layer.    USE - Photovoltaic element for solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents destruction of shadowed cells by preventing back-voltage being applied in the serial battery configuration.    (JP2000068534-A)   NOVELTY - The element comprises a photovoltaic layer (32) with a first semiconductor junction layer and a current collecting electrode (34) on the light incident side of the layer. A bypass diode is connected in parallel, under the current collecting electrode as a bypass diode layer (38) having a second semiconductor junction layer.    USE - Photovoltaic element for solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents destruction of shadowed cells by preventing back-voltage being applied in the serial battery configuration.    (JP2000068548-A)   NOVELTY - The element comprises a photovoltaic layer (32) with a first semiconductor junction layer and a current collecting electrode (34) on the light incident side of the layer. A bypass diode is connected in parallel, under the current collecting electrode as a bypass diode layer (38) having a second semiconductor junction layer.    USE - Photovoltaic element for solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents destruction of shadowed cells by preventing back-voltage being applied in the serial battery configuration.    (US6184458-B1)   NOVELTY - The element comprises a photovoltaic layer (32) with a first semiconductor junction layer and a current collecting electrode (34) on the light incident side of the layer. A bypass diode is connected in parallel, under the current collecting electrode as a bypass diode layer (38) having a second semiconductor junction layer.    USE - Photovoltaic element for solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents destruction of shadowed cells by preventing back-voltage being applied in the serial battery configuration.