NOVELTY - Aggregate and binder are baked and graphitized to obtain graphite particle. 0.1-20 weight percent (wt%) of the graphitized aggregate is acid treated with graphite containing 0.1-5wt% of volatile matter.    USE - The graphite particle is used for paste for negative electrode of lithium secondary battery used in portable apparatus and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The lithium secondary battery has high volume and it excels in rapid charging and discharging characteristics.
NOVELTY - The system provides a motor vehicle with a housing (20) which contains both the vehicle battery and electronic control unit and which receives a forced flow of cooling air due to pressure differentials created by the vehicle. During forward movement, air flows in through an inlet (18) positioned adjacent the vehicle radiator (16), through a duct (21) into the housing and then exits via a second duct (23) to a position adjacent the underside of the vehicle.    USE - For use with motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The system prevents the overheating and subsequent failure of the electronic control unit, particularly in hot climates where the control unit may otherwise be unable to reject sufficient heat into the surrounding atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - When the vehicle is stationary, cool air is drawn up through the second duct air duct into the housing and exits out of the housing via the first duct, with the air being drawn out of the first duct by the action of the fan which creates a low pressure within the air inlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic diagram of a motor vehicle equipped with the cooling system.    Radiator (16)    Inlet (18)    Housing (20)    First duct (21)    Second duct (23)
NOVELTY - The sub-assembly which forms an electrochemical cell consists of a flow frame (46), a bipolar electrode (43) and an ion-selective membrane (45) mounted onto the frame. These sub-assemblies are stacked together to create an array of electrochemical cells, with separate anolyte and catholyte chambers contained within the cell.    USE - For the storage and delivery of electrical power.    ADVANTAGE - By creating a self repeating structure within the electrochemical cell, in this case the flow frame, the resistance to damaging shunt currents is increased. It also distributes the flow of electrolyte through the system evenly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flow frame is constructed of electrically insulating material, with a chamber portion that supports an electrode and a membrane within. There are four manifold portions which, when sub-assemblies are stacked, the anolytes and catholyte can be supplied. The anolytes and catholyte pass through two entry ports and out through two exit ports in the manifolds.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shown is an exploded view of a stack of sub-assemblies.    Bipolar electrode (43)    Ion-selective membrane (45)    Flow frame (46)
NOVELTY - The IC engine (12) has direct fuel injection designed for good fuel economy under moderate loads using a stratified weak mixture. Its crankshaft (18) is directly connected to a fly-wheel integrated with the rotor (16) of the electric motor (14), which interposed between the engine and the transmission (20). An electronic management unit (22) controls engine and motor operation, primarily to meet the net torque output demanded by the driver through accelerator pedal depression.    USE - Power unit for a hybrid vehicle    ADVANTAGE - Minimal fuel consumption combined with good pollution control.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Demand is met by the engine, the motor, sometimes in generator mode, intervening to sustain weak-mixture engine operation and to set exhaust gas temperatures at values consistent with pollution control requirements. Exhaust gas treatment includes a catalytic converter with a NOx trap retaining oxides of nitrogen. For correct trap operation gas temperatures should lie between e.g. 250 degrees C and 450 degrees C. Above a threshold engine torque value, in weak-mixture running, the higher figure will be exceeded. To prevent this, while maintaining fuel economy, the management unit will, if the battery is adequately charged, meet the excess torque demand using the motor. To raise low gas temperatures into the trap range the motor is run as a generator, artificially increasing the engine load, the excess energy being stored in the battery. High temperatures (600 degrees C) for sulfur oxide purging are obtained in the same way.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic of the engine and motor arrangements    IC engine (12)    Electric motor (14)    Rotor/flywheel (16)    Crankshaft (18)    Transmission (20)    Management unit (22)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen absorbing alloy powder comprises particles of flaky shape having a thickness of at most 10 microns and an aspect ratio of longitudinal diameter relative to thickness of at least 10. The structure comprises columns extending from one surface towards another surface of flat surfaces.    USE - For nickel-hydrogen batteries, heat pumps and hydrogen storage medium for fuel cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Flow length of the melt flow is reduced, allowing efficient dividing of the melt by atomizing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a view of a device used in the production of a hydrogen absorbing alloy powder.
NOVELTY - An electric pilot wire (1) is connected parallel to a battery (5). Reaction coupling (3) is wired between a charge feed charging motor (2) and the electric pilot wire. A measuring instrument (4) is wired in series to the electric pilot wire. An amplifier (31) is wired into the reaction coupling's circuit to amplify signals. Output from the amplifier can activate a control switch (32) for controlling electrical measurement time for the pilot wire to supply a feed.    USE - For detecting current in a vehicle to manage energy economically and in the interests of the environment.    ADVANTAGE - The measuring instrument detects the charging load in the electric pilot wire, so that, if charging cuts in and energy is being used, the reaction coupling detects this and causes the pilot wire to start transmitting. The actual energy amount is displayed on the measuring instrument and made available for the user to scrutinize.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of an electrical charging indicator.    Electric pilot wire (1)    Charge feed charging motor (2)    Reaction coupling (3)    Measuring instrument (4)    Battery (5)    Amplifier (31)    Control switch (32)
NOVELTY - Battery terminal corrosion protective device, comprises a housing (2) containing a woven fabric (3) provided with a corrosion protection material.    USE - Especially for the batteries of cars, electric wheelchairs etc.    ADVANTAGE - The device provides corrosion protection under various weather conditions and external influences so that servicing intervals are extended.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a corrosion protection material for the above device, comprising non-corrosive, pasty and/or liquid materials. Preferred Features: The corrosion protection material comprises two or more of engine oil, brake fluid, benzaldehyde, kerosine oil and ball bearing grease Po 160 degrees, preferably together with FeSO4, ZnSO4 and/or ZnO.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the corrosion protective device.    housing (2)    woven fabric (3)    circulation openings (6)
NOVELTY - The method involves outputting a command to block a water feed (17) if the power output of the fuel cell (10) is to be interrupted whilst the compressor (11) is operating; detecting (23) moisture in the process air from the compressor after blocking the water feed and outputting a command to switch off the compressor if the detected moisture has fallen to a predefined value.    USE - For motor vehicle fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces energy losses, and freezing of the compressor in a motor vehicle fuel cell system is reliably prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system    fuel cell (10)    compressor (11)    water feed line (17)    moisture detector (23)
A two wire input line (E) is connected via a separating    resistor (21) in each line branch with a two-wire output line    (A). An electrically controllable switch (22) is parallel to each resistor. Each switch has two FETs (M1, M2 or M3, M4) in series and a resistor (R3 or R4). A control circuit (23) serves to activate the switch.    The control switch has a comparator (231) for the input voltage, comparator of the output voltages, an input side evaluation unit (233), output side evaluation unit (234), AND gate (235), OR gate (236), bridge (237), drive unit (238) and charge pump (239). The driver unit is only activated when the bridge is open and a minimum input voltage, minimum output voltage and a control word to shut the controllable switch    (22) is recognized either on the input or the output side.    USE -   For ring bus system, ignition bus for air bag.
NOVELTY - The electrochemical energy storage device (3) has several storage cells connected together that can be placed in a housing-like holding arrangement (5) containing. a cell holder (7) with flow channels for subjecting the storage cells to a parallel temp. control flow. The cells have electrical poles mounted on opposite cell ends. The cell holder has arrangements that engage the cell ends and sides for shape-locking cell fixing.    USE - For motor vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables powerful operation with effective temp. control with a low coolant throughput power requirement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an air-cooled battery, Especially. a traction battery    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a motor vehicle battery with an electrochemical energy storage device    battery (2)    energy storage device (3)    holder (5)    cell holder (7)    cooling air suction device (8)    .
NOVELTY - The on-board network with two different d.c. voltage levels has an asynchronous electrical machine (1) for supplying the power in corresponding. electrical circuits connected to one side of an inverter (5) and an intermediate circuit capacitor (9) connected to the other side. A changeover switch (10) connects either a battery (11) or d.c. voltage circuit of one voltage level or a battery (12) or d.c. voltage circuit of another voltage level in parallel with the capacitor.    USE - Especially. for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Has a very simple electrical machine with no additional d.c./d.c. converter, enabling simple implementation with conventional arrangements.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of and on-board network with two different d.c. voltage levels    asynchronous machine (1)    inverter (5)    capacitor ((9)    changeover switch (10)    batteries (11,12)    .
NOVELTY - When vehicles are running at a low speed an auxiliary alternator on the engine is relayed to kick in. Once the vehicle is up and running at higher speeds the relay shuts down the alternator being energized by the fossil fuel engine and the non polluting ram air turns the Power House air handling system.    USE - As an energy saving system which uses natural ram air. Free Power House uses the ram air that is created with the speed of the moving vehicles, boats, trailers, or aircraft and in turn use the ram air to turn a turbine which would in turn supply the energy to turn the shaft of the Power House air handling unit.    ADVANTAGE - Because air being moved by a transport along roadsides is very strong, all transports crashing the air and the energy created has never been harnessed. The air detectors that are used on most transports could incorporate a turbine as described above to create non polluting electrical energy which in turn would save on fossil fuel.
NOVELTY - Device has two electrodes and electrolyte which are located in dielectric housing. Hydrogen electrode is made from soldered silver and palladium; oxygen electrode is made from soldered silver and sodium. Electrolyte from solution of sodium carbon dioxide salt moistures palladium surface of hydrogen electrode and silver surface of oxygen electrode. Sodium surface is spaced from electrolyte by silver and from air by dielectric housing.    USE - Electrical engineering, in particular, current sources with water electrolyte.    ADVANTAGE - Power accumulation by decomposition of water molecules.
NOVELTY - An ozone treatment system supplies ozone obtained by ozone generator (40) to ozone reaction vessel (30). The exhaust gas from the reaction vessel is sent to exhaust ozone process tower (35). The ozone is reduced to oxygen which is supplied to an air pole of fuel battery main unit (1).    USE - For obtaining electrical energy according to electrochemical reaction used for purification of water, air polluted substance.    ADVANTAGE - Since fuel battery electrical power generator is distributed adjacent to the ozone treatment system, air ejected by ozone treatment system is effectively utilized by the generator, thus saving resources.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel battery electrical power generator is distributed adjacent to ozone treatment system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel battery electrical power generator.    Fuel battery main unit (1)    Ozone reaction vessel (30)    Exhaust ozone process tower (35)    Ozone generator (40)
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon type solid polymer electrolyte film (1) includes at least one catalyst among oxide catalyst, a large cyclic metal complex catalyst and transition metal alloy catalyst.    USE - For fuel battery of electrically driven motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - As the electrolyte film consists of at least one type of catalyst, high durable inexpensive solid polymer electrolyte film is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrode for fuel batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solid polymer electrolyte film in fuel battery.    Hydrocarbon type solid polymer electrolyte film (1)
NOVELTY - The fuel battery has an electrolyte board (21) which is supported by oxidizing electrode and fuel electrode. The electrolyte board is formed by inorganic compound and organic compound.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the electrolyte board is formed by inorganic and organic compound, water component management of electrolytes is not needed. Permeation to the electrolyte of fuels, such as methanol is suppressed. Deterioration of electrolyte is suppressed and battery output is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing showing the principal part of fuel battery.    Electrolyte board (21)
NOVELTY - A liquid fuel is transferred in each single battery by capillary force. The fuel vaporizes with single battery and vaporized fuel is supplied to fuel electrode (2).    USE - For use as electrical power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - Vaporized fuel can be smoothly supplied with simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows principal composition of fuel battery.    Fuel electrode (2)
NOVELTY - The separator (20) is placed in contact with a pair of electrodes (11), between which an electrolyte film (12) is inserted. The separator has a passageway (21) for gas supply in the electrode side. The separator is made of magnesium alloy.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids need for employing cutting process in setting the shape of the separator, thereby improving productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for separator manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of fuel battery cell.    Electrodes (11)    Electrolyte film (12)    Passageway (21)    Separator (20)
NOVELTY - A lead storage battery consists of a cap (7) which is inserted at the upper part of terminals (2,3). The cap is made of a synthetic resin and it displays polarity by color exception.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The polarity displayed on the cap is made visible even though the cap wears out. The external terminal can be easily attached to the cap.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of terminals of lead storage battery.    Cap (7)    Electrode terminals (2,3)
NOVELTY - An electrode object (6) comprises anode (7) and cathode (9) with separator (8) inbetween. Direct current extraction terminals (2,3) are connected to anode (7) or cathode (9).    USE - For use in various electric equipment, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Raise of battery temperature is suppressed and cycle characteristics is raised.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows disassembling isometric view of fuel battery.    Direct current extraction terminals (2,3)    Electrode object (6)    Anode (7)    Separator (8)    Cathode (9)
NOVELTY - Sealants (2,3) seal the positive electrode terminal (4) and negative electrode terminal (5) respectively at upper and lower sides of armored can (1) respectively. The safety valves (8,9) are provided to respective sealants symmetrically with respect to central binding axis of positive and negative terminals.    USE - Especially for safety structure of battery for driving electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces internal pressure and restrains leakage of electrolyte thereby reduction in battery capacity is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The whorl-shaped electrode group comprised by winding positive electrode terminal (4) and negative electrode terminal (5) with separator in between, is placed inside the cylindrical metal armored can.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of hermetic battery.    Armored can (1)    Sealants (2,3)    Positive electrode terminal (4)    Negative electrode terminal (5)    Safety valves (8,9)
NOVELTY - The crane (1) has boom (5) provided on casing (2) for moving work bench (7) in arbitrary elevations. Power supply (21) and receiving unit (25) are distributed on the base boom (5a) and on end boom (5c) respectively. The power is supplied to the receiving unit from the power supply through transformer obtained by coupling power supply and receiving unit inductively.    USE - For battery charging in vehicle mounted crane.    ADVANTAGE - Damage of component is avoided by preventing contact of metal electrode between power supply and receiving unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of vehicle mounted crane.    Crane (1)    Casing (2)    Boom (5)    Base and end boom (5a,5c)    Moving work bench(21) Power supply (7)    Receiving unit (25)
NOVELTY - Gas diffusion electrodes (46) are maintained on both sides of polymer electrolyte through contact (42). The gas path (54e) connecting the contact, is held by the supports (52). The adjacent supports of each battery cell are connected by a screw.    USE - For vehicle mounted device.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies assembly, by laminating the battery cells orderly and stably through screw. Raises charging characteristics, as each electrode contact is maintained stably at uniform pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the decomposition sectional view of the solid polymeric type fuel battery.    Contact (42)    Electrodes (46)    Supports (52)    Gas path (54e)
NOVELTY - Supply pipes (54,56) formed at end plate (32) are connected to heating gas and oxidizing agent gas supply flow paths (38,40). Similarly, the emission pipes (60,58) are connected to oxidizing agent gas and heating gas emission flow paths (46,44). The supply and emission pipes have an enlargement section (68) with a step (70).    USE - In fuel battery stack.    ADVANTAGE - Unnecessary introduction of water inside fuel battery by reverse flow is prevented hence electricity generation is maintained effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional explanatory drawing of fuel battery stack.    End plate (32)    Heating gas and oxidizing agent gas supply path (38,40)    Heating gas and oxidizing agent gas emission flow paths (44,46)    Supply pipes (54,56)    Emission pipes (58,60)    Enlargement section (68)    Step (70)
NOVELTY - The cabinet (1), on a suitable mounting behind the rider, is partitioned and shelved for the type of food containers transported, and effectively insulated with e.g. polyurethane or other synthetic material. A base compartment contains a heat control unit (2) having the capability of maintaining the cabinet interior at a constant preset temperature.    USE - Home delivery of hot or cold dishes, fruit, medicines, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Delivery at the correct temperature is assured. Several such deliveries can be made in each journey.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - While in transit the battery is charged by a dynamo (4), driven, bicycle style, by a serrated roller (6) running on a tire side wall. A socket (7) is provided for an external charging circuit. A regulator (5) switches the dynamo to a dump resistor to prevent over-charging, and disconnects it if the battery is insufficiently charged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sketch elevation of the cabinet fitted to a typical delivery vehicle    Cabinet, (1)    Heat control unit, (2)    Battery, (3)    Dynamo, (4)    Regulator, (5)    Drive roller, (6)    Socket for external charging circuit (7)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell assembly has a two-phase pressure compensation system for maintaining a fuel cell stack (2) under a constant predetermined pressure.    USE - As a fuel cell assembly of the type described in DE19517042-C1, provided with e.g. molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) or solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).    ADVANTAGE - The two phase system allows low cost maintenance of a constant pressure in the compensation bellows, without the need for electronic monitoring or mechanical regulation of the gas pressure, and provides a closed system with no gas consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell assembly comprises a fuel cell stack (2) located between pressure plates (4, 5) and which is separated from one or each of the pressure plates by a compensator comprising a bellows (30) filled with a pressurized first phase-forming gas for maintaining the stack under a predetermined pressure. A compensation vessel, which is thermally insulated from the stack and which is coupled by a connection line to the bellows (30), contains a part of the gas, communicating with the bellows via the connection line, and a second phase in equilibrium with the gas. Preferred Features: The compensation vessel is thermally insulated and is maintained at a constant temperature, especially ambient temperature or an elevated temperature maintained by a heater. The fuel cell stack is contained in a gas-tight enclosure (3, 4, 5), the compensation vessel being located outside the enclosure. The second phase is the liquid phase of the gas in the bellows or is a sorbed phase of the gas, the sorbed phase being adsorbed or chemisorbed on an active carbon or zeolite sorbent. The gas consists of or contains an inert gas, especially nitrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of a fuel cell assembly.    fuel cells (1)    fuel cell stack (2)    housing (3)    pressure plates (4, 5)    bellows (30)
NOVELTY - Process for change state control involves monitoring of the battery charge state so that when the necessary conditions and requirement for a normalizing charge process are present during driving operation a normalizing process is automatically triggered and carried out.    USE - The process is for use with hybrid drive systems in automobiles, where the normal battery charge state is between 30 and 80 percent of normal capacity, but where it is necessary occasionally to carry out a normalizing charge process where the battery is fully charged.    ADVANTAGE - The process can be triggered and executed during drive operation of the vehicle, where previously it has been necessary to connect the vehicle to an external power network.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a block diagram of a hybrid drive system    hybrid drive system (1)    I.C. engine (3)    generator (4)    electromotor (5)    battery controller (7)    traction battery (8)
NOVELTY - The car has power take-out mechanisms (8,9,10a,10b,10c) to transmit the rotation of a car power transmission mechanism to auxiliary machines (20,21), an electromagnetic clutch (11), and judging means (30-32) for the control system of an auxiliary machinery motor (22) is normal or abnormal are provided. If the control system is judged to be normal, the electromagnetic clutch is kept cut, if abnormal, the electromagnetic clutch is kept in connection state.    USE - For auxiliary driver in a car.    ADVANTAGE - Thus, the auxiliary machinery is driven by the torque of the power transmission mechanism. Therefore, in case the control system falls abnormal, the auxiliary machinery can be driven and the car can maintain its normal travelling.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure of a schematic view of the auxiliary machine.    Power take-out mechanisms (8,9,10a,10b,10c)    Electromagnetic clutch (11)    Auxiliary machines (20,21)    Auxiliary machinery motor (22)    Judging means (30-32)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage composition comprises an aluminum hydride-based complex. The complex incorporates at least one member which is an element, metal, metal hydride or another aluminum hydride complex.    USE - For supplying hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Exhibits reversible properties that is hydrogenation/dehydrogenation at moderately elevated temperatures of 80 - 180 degreesC, especially 100 - 150 degreesC and has an hydrogen capacity exceeding 2 wt. %. Excellent hydrogen sorption properties are observed when the mixtures are in the monocrystalline form and when the components are extremely finely intermixed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen storage composition comprises an aluminum hydride-based complex. The complex incorporates at least one member which is an element which do not readily form a hydride in a solid state, a metal which forms a stable hydride, metal hydride or another aluminum hydride complex.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of supplying hydrogen which comprises:    (a) liberating the hydrogen from a composition at a temperature of at least 80 degreesC to form a dehydrogenated form of composition;    (b) removing the liberated hydrogen; and    (c) absorbing the hydrogen to regenerate the composition as a future source of hydrogen.
NOVELTY - The capacitor (C) is connected to group batteries (A1-A6) comprised by parallel connection of secondary batteries.    USE - For controlling charging and discharging of group battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Discharge capacity of group battery is improved and hence life of battery is improved and thereby industrial value is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the typical explanatory diagram of charging and discharging circuit.    Batteries (A1-A6)    Capacitor (C)
NOVELTY - The inner portion of a battery accommodation case (3) is partitioned into several accommodation chambers (6a-6d). Cooling fans (8a-8d) are individually installed for every accommodation chamber.    USE - In battery for electric vehicles such as car.    ADVANTAGE - Since fans are individually installed in every accommodation chamber of case, battery is individually cooled for every accommodation chamber effectively and also variation in temperature between the chamber is restrained. Since apparatus is miniaturized and hence space efficiency is increased. As cooling wind is circulated vertically regardless of direction of battery, cooling wind is passed uniformly. Since driving of fans is carried out depending on need, reduction in power consumption is attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembling isometric view of battery box.    Battery accommodation case (3)    Accommodation chambers (6a-6d)    Cooling fans (8a-8d)
NOVELTY - A pair of fuel electrodes and air pole are provided to support solid polymer electrolyte film. The weight ratio of solid polymer electrolyte and carbon fine powder included in fuel electrode is set larger than that in air pole.    USE - In e.g. solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery used as power supply for electric vehicle, space craft.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon monoxide proof catalyst poisoning property of fuel electrode and excellent drainage property of air pole are exhibited by setting weight ratio of carbon fine powder and solid polymer electrolyte fuel electrode and air pole suitably.
NOVELTY - Cells (1) are serially connected in a single tire. The positive electrode of one cell is adjoined to the negative electrode of another cell through a metal plate that does not contact electrode metal. Welding current is passed in charging and discharging direction so as to carry out welding directly.    USE - Group battery e.g. nickel-cadmium, alkaline, nickel-hydrogen battery for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the cells are serially connected to single tire, welding can be performed directly, and voltage drop by resistance of lead board, is reduced, thus improves high discharge characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for group battery manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional diagram of group battery.    Cells (1)
NOVELTY - A collector (6) has a metal plate of one sheet. The terminal portion (6A) of collector is connected to an electrode. The lead portion (6B) of collector terminal is connected to sealant (5) which is extended from periphery of terminal portion. The lead portion is folded at its middle portion and is connected to terminal portion.    USE - In storage batteries such as nickel-hydrogen battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lithium ion secondary battery which is used as power supply of electric vehicles such as motor bike.    ADVANTAGE - As the load current flowing through collector portion is dispersed uniformly, electrical resistance between collector portion and electrode terminal is made small. High discharge characteristic which carries out discharge by heavy current is improved. The welding of collector portion and lead portion is carried out simply and correctly, as the relative position of collector portion and lead portion is positioned correctly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded view of collector used for storage battery.    Sealant (5)    Collector (6)    Terminal portion (6A)    Lead portion (6B)
NOVELTY - Main ribs (32) for forming air passage way for heat release are formed in side walls (30o) of battery jar opposing outer surface of side wall of adjacent monoblock battery. Thickness of opposing side wall (30o) is smaller than thickness (ts) of the side wall (30s) of battery jar. Heat releasing fins (34) are formed on the outer surface of opposing side walls at position lower than ribs formation position.    USE - Especially for cooling mechanism of monoblock battery module used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces generation of temperature difference between center and ends of battery using simple technique and hence heat release property of monoblock battery module is improved which in turn results in improvement in output characteristic of battery. Since battery jar can be made to contact with collector board by spring, need for special mechanism for heat release improvement is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline view of battery jar of monoblock battery.    Side walls (30o,30s)    Main ribs (32)    Heat releasing fins (34)
NOVELTY - In a secondary battery consisting of non aqueous electrolyte containing a cathode and anode active material, and lithium salt, the anode material is a spinel type structure manganese iron lithium composite oxide having a lattice constant of 8.19 - 8.28 angstrom represented.    USE - This battery is suitable for a large lithium ion battery for an electric automobile.    ADVANTAGE - A total solid lithium ion battery having a high working voltage is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A general formula described Li(Fe1/2+M Mey Mn3/2-x-y) O4, wherein 0 less than x, 0 less than y, x + y less than or equals 1/2. and Me is alone or at least two kinds selected from Cr, Co, and A.
NOVELTY - The hull covering pipe of waste fuel rod is removed from the fuel rod and then melted. The radioactive contaminants remaining in the molten hull is removed and hydrogen absorbing alloy elements are added to it. After solidification of the hydrogen absorbing alloy melt, it is ground to powder particles of definite shape.    USE - For processing hull of waste fuel rods, into useful hydrogen battery (claimed). The hydrogen absorbing alloy, is made to store hydrogen unit, which is generated by electrolysis of water with dump power. The hydrogen storage material is used for power supply of the nuclear station.    ADVANTAGE - The waste fuel rod hull is processed effectively to hydrogen storage battery, for sustaining additional power needs of nuclear station. The environment is protected from pollution.
NOVELTY - A first electric energy storing device (111) is connected to a battery through a first switching device (103a). A second switching device (103b) is connected to a first electric energy storing device (111). An input terminal of a voltage detector (110) is connected to the first electric energy storing device (111) through the second switching device (103b).    USE - In a battery such as lithium secondary battery or an electric double layer capacitor and a battery apparatus comprising many batteries connected in series. In electric equipment such as an uninterruptible electric power supply system using the battery or the like, or a battery apparatus of a motor for an electric bicycle or an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The ripple in voltage and current can be reduced to improve the detecting accuracy and the reliability of the voltage and the current, and temperature rise of the batteries can be reduced to improve the safety, the lifetime and the performance of the batteries. The battery apparatus can be made light in weight, small in size, low in cost and high in safety. A large current and high voltage battery apparatus can be made.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment in accordance with the present invention.    First switching device (103a)    Second switching device (103b)    Voltage detector (110)    First electric energy storing device (111)
NOVELTY - The control device (A) is coupled to a switch (S1) for controlling the voltage supply for an electrical load (V), allowing the load to be supplied for a limited duration, e.g. of one hour, in one state of the control device, or allowing the load to be supplied for an unrestricted duration in the second state of the control device.    USE - The control device is used for preventing complete drainage of the vehicle battery during delivery from the manufacturer to the customer.    ADVANTAGE - The state of the control device is easily switched via a diagnosis device at a customer service point.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a control device for an automobile.    Control device (A)    Switch (S1)    Electrical load (V)
NOVELTY - The method involves providing a second electrical power supply system for the power steering independent of the vehicle electrical generator that supplies sufficient power to maintain the vital functions of the vehicle for steering and propulsion in the event of failure of the generator power supply.    USE - For preventing changes in an electrical power supply system of a mechanical, motor-driven vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents sudden unforeseeable changes in the driving characteristics of a vehicle caused by a sudden failure of the power steering and/or ignition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an arrangement for implementing the method.
NOVELTY - A solar-power generator or alternator (10) charges a vehicle's battery (14) and operates one or more consumers like a fan motor (16) and an impedance transformer (12) wired between the solar-power generator and vehicle battery or consumer. The impedance transformer has a battery charging function causing a fixed basic amount of electric power produced by the generator to be fed to the battery and diverting any extra power to the consumers.    USE - In motor vehicle electrical systems, especially in cars.    ADVANTAGE - This system is simple to construct and distributes solar-generated power between a vehicle's battery and its consumers according to need.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a circuit diagram of a Steca-SOLARIX solar-power system according to the present invention.    Solar-power generator or alternator (10)    Vehicle battery (14)    Fan motor (16)    Impedance transformer (12)
(AT9901382-A)   NOVELTY - Fuel cell arrangement comprises a sulfur filter (4) which is provided before sulfur-sensitive reformer parts (7) in the flow direction of a process gas, e.g. natural gas. Sulfur-resistant parts (2) are arranged before the sulfur filter. A three-way valve (3) is directly arranged before the sulfur filter, the third connection of the valve being connected to a line (5) that introduces oxygen-containing regeneration gas. A further three-way valve (6) is directly arranged after the sulfur filter and is connected to a waste gas line (8).    USE - As a fuel cell arrangement.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement has a simple construction and the sulfur filter can be quickly regenerated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: A heater (13) for heating the gas is arranged in the line (5) which is connected to a heater provided with a burner and acts to remove the waste gas of the heater. The heater is a heat exchanger whose primary circuit is subjected to the waste gases from the burner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell arrangement.    sulfur-resistant parts (2)    sulfur filter (4)    line for introducing oxygen-containing regeneration gas (5)    three-way valve (6)    sulfur-sensitive reformer parts (7)    waste gas line (8)    heater (13)
(AT9900525-A)   NOVELTY - The heating plant has a fuel cell arrangement and a parallel additional burner. Both are located in a common or two separate housing/s, formed as underpressure chamber/s. The housing has a common combined combustion air outlet pipe (10,17). The air and exhaust pipes (9,15,7,8) of additional burner and fuel cell arrangement, extend through a common collector (16), which is connected to the combustion air outlet pipe. The air pipe (9) leading to the additional burner is connected to the combustion air pipe (17) via a return valve (14) located in a dividing wall (18), through which the exhaust pipe also extends.    USE - Heater system incorporating fuel cell arrangement and additional burner with separate heat exchanger.    ADVANTAGE - Very simple construction, prevents escape of e.g. CO2 into rooms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows section through system.    air and exhaust pipes (7,8,9,15)    air outlet pipe (10,17)    return valve (14)    collector (16)    dividing wall (18)
NOVELTY - A bipolar plate (5) for fuel cells, comprises a substrate with a coating of an electrocatalytically-active material.    USE - For fuel cells, particularly for conducting current from the anode of one cell unit to the cathode of the adjacent cell unit and/or distributing fluid, which comprises a substrate with a coating of an electrocatalytically-active material.    ADVANTAGE - Electrical conductivity of bipolar plates is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a fuel cell comprising (i) at least bipolar plates, (ii) a membrane electrode assembly disposed between the plates, (iii) current-collecting mechanisms, (iv) feeding device for feeding an oxygen-containing gas to the cathode; and    (b) a fuel cell assembly comprising (i) a number of cell units in which each unit contains a essentially gas-impermeable proton-exchange membrane separating the cell into anolyte and catholyte chambers, (ii) a bipolar plate disposed between adjacent cell units, (iii) current-collecting mechanisms, (iv) feeding device for feeding hydrogen fuel to the anodes, and (v) feeding device for feeding an oxygen-containing gas to the cathode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel assembly including a bipolar plate.    bipolar plate (5)
NOVELTY - A battery has compartments separated by a barrier which comprises a proton transporting moiety.    USE - For use in powering electrical devices.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cells which are created by a technology employing molecules in biological processes, operate at moderate temperatures and without the presence of harsh chemicals maintained at high temperatures which corrode cell components. They are more complex and are readily available. They have greater capacity. The compact, inert energy sources of the fuel cells provide short duration electrical output. The fuel cells are rechargeable with fuel because the materials retained within the fuel cells are non-corrosive and not hazardous. They use active transport of protons to increase sustainable efficiency. They can be electrically recharged.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a battery with compartments, comprising:    (a) enzymatically oxidizing an electron carrier and delivering the electrons to a first electrode in chemical communication with the first compartment;    (b) catalyzing the transfer of protons from the first to the second compartment; and    (c) reducing an electron receiving molecule with electrodes conveyed through a circuit from the first to a second electrode in the second compartment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of an interior of a fuel cell with three chambers.    First and second compartments (1, 2)    First and second electrodes (4, 5)    Fuel cell (10)
NOVELTY - A battery with input voltage of 12 volt, is electrically connected to a power circuit, for generating modified high output voltage. A connection device is electrically connected to the power circuit. A display unit is provided for displaying charging and discharging of battery.    USE - For use in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The flyback voltage increases as the amount of current flowing in primary winding of transformer increases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A power source includes a case (104) with door (108) which is movable between open and closed position, is configured to open a switch of power circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of portable power supply.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack comprises several unit cells. Each unit cell comprises a polymer electrolyte film, a pair of electrodes, and a pair of separators. The separator has a laminate structure. The laminate structure comprises a gas-tight conductive plate A and another conductive plate B. At least one slit continuously meanders from one end to another end of the conductive plate B.    USE - The fuel cell is used for portable power sources, electric vehicle power sources, and domestic cogeneration systems.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement of the separator reduces the thickness of the separator, thus, the manufacturing cost is reduced. The sealing of the fuel cell stack is improved by sealing its side faces. The assembly of the fuel stack is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell stack comprises several unit cells. Each unit cell comprises a polymer electrolyte film, a pair of electrodes, and a pair of separators. The electrode pairs are across the polymer electrolyte film and have a catalytic reaction layer. One of the separators has a fuel gas supplying mechanism to one of the electrodes. The other separator has an oxidant gas supplying mechanism to the other of the electrodes. The separator has a laminate structure. The laminate structure comprises a gas-tight conductive plate A and another conductive plate B. At least one slit continuously meanders from one end to another end of the conductive plate B.
NOVELTY - A number of fixed leads electrically connect receptacles with one another and with a battery. A device is provided within the internal compartment for mounting the battery and bracket in it. The receptacles are accessible for removable connection to them the other end of the power cord only when the closure device are positioned to permit access to the internal compartment.    USE - As a versatile carrying pouch including a 12 volt battery with attached receptacles for supply of DC power to and from the battery.    ADVANTAGE - Convenient size with easily accessible receptacles for supply of power to and from the battery as well as compartments for other uses. Receptacles for transmitting DC power both from and to a battery physically accessible only upon opening a compartment of a carrying case in which the battery is mounted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for:    (a) a portable, rechargeable DC power system for providing power to operate and /or recharge any of DC powered devices    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a perspective view of carrying case with the external compartment in opened position.
NOVELTY - An input DC voltage is applied between the input terminal of a DC-DC converter (2) and the input terminal of diode (2d) for anti-suckback. A switching transistor (10) connected in series with a backup capacitor (3), supplies electric power to a constant voltage circuit (9) via diode (11) for destruction prevention.    USE - For passenger protective devices e.g. airbag in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Even when the right potential side of power supply circuit, short circuits within power supply line, power supplied to constant voltage circuit via switching transistor is not affected and hence battery going up effect is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit block diagram of passenger protective device using power supply circuit.    DC-DC converter (2)    Diodes (2d,11)    Backup capacitor (3)    Constant voltage circuit (9)    Switching transistor (10)
NOVELTY - The capacitors (23,36) are charged by a main power supply (2) by which power is supplied to the electronic device. The transistors (13,20) are switched to supply power from the capacitors to the electronic device, when noise overlap is detected on power supplied from the main power supply.    USE - For supplying noise removed power to vehicle sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates stable supply of power without noise influence, to sensor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for vehicle sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of power supply.    Main power supply (2)    Transistor (13,20)    Capacitors (23,36)
NOVELTY - An open circuit voltage is calculated based on a discharge current and a voltage from a vehicle mounted power supply (38). The residual amount of charge in the vehicle mounted power supply is computed based on the calculated open circuit voltage so that number of indicators in a panel are activated with respect to calculated residual power.    USE - For electrically assisted wheelchair, golf cart.    ADVANTAGE - Enables passenger to check residual charge of battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electric motor (28) drives a wheel with respect to power supplied from the vehicle mounted power supply. The electric motor is controlled with respect to a passenger's indication so that the vehicle is moved in forward or reverse direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure indicates circuit diagram of motor driving circuit.    Electric motor (28)    Vehicle mounted power supply (38)
NOVELTY - A battery (10) supplies power to a motor (16) through an inverter (14). The degree of output limitation of battery is enlarged by an electronic control unit (12) so that voltage reduction degree is increased.    USE - For controlling output of battery driving motor.    ADVANTAGE - Life span reduction of battery is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composition diagram of battery control system.    Battery (10)    Control unit (12)    Inverter (14)    Motor (16)
NOVELTY - A modifier (3) that forms modifying gas consisting hydrogen, from methanol and water is provided in a fuel battery. The modifier consists of a modifying portion (33) and a carbon monoxide reduction portion (34). Air from a common compressor (83) is sent to the modifying portion and reduction portion through flow control valves (9a,9b).    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - As common compressor and flow control valves are provided for air supply, cost and size of fuel battery are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows vehicle mounted solid polymeric type fuel battery system.    Modifier (3)    Flow control valves (9a,9b)    Modifying portion (33)    Carbon monoxide reduction portion (34)    Compressor (83)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (93) generates energy by using the reaction product from a modified engine (92) which acts as an internal combustion engine for a modifier and power generation and has a piston and a number of reaction chambers. The internal temperature of the reaction chambers is raised to above the self igniting temperature of material in the atmosphere in the material reaction chambers.    USE - Fuel cell for vehicles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell (93) generates energy by using the reaction product from a modified engine (92) which acts as an internal combustion engine for a modifier and power generation and has a piston performing compression and a number of reaction chambers. The internal temperature of the reaction chambers is raised to above the self igniting temperature of material in the atmosphere in the material reaction chambers by using heat from a number of heat sources and unreacted fuel for heating the material supplied to the modified engine (92) in a fuel cell system. A partial oxidation reaction enables both mechanical power and hydrogen to be produced. The mechanical power produced controls the heat balance of the system so as to increase the modifying efficiency by being used for a steam modifying reaction as a heat absorbing reaction generating much hydrogen in the other reaction chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic representation of the fuel cell system.    Modified engine (92)    Fuel cell (93)
NOVELTY - A cooling subsystem includes a coolant comprising a mixture of water and a glycol solvent, and a circulation loop comprising an ion-exchange unit.    USE - For providing antifreeze and corrosion protection for a fuel cell system i.e., solid polymer fuel cell system. The fuel cell system can be used in automotive applications and back-up or remote power plants.    ADVANTAGE - Liquid-cooled fuel cell system equipped with a glycol-based cooling subsystem of this invention can be operated for a substantial period of time without suffering significant corrosion and without needing replacement or servicing of the ion exchange unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a liquid-cooled fuel cell system including a cooling subsystem of this invention; and    (b) a method of providing antifreeze and corrosion protection for a fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - The invention discloses an electric system comprised of at least two electric sets with identical or different electric properties and having a common driving load and interactive power generation functions. Each member in the system performs the following control through a transmission member capable of performing a clutch control: (1) each electric set capable of separately or jointly driving a load; (2) one of the electric set capable of generating a regenerated power by the feedback of the load; (3) one of the electric set capable of performing rotation and outputting by receiving an external electric power to drive another electric set for charging the battery or outputting to the other load. The above functions can be achieved by the transmission member capable of performing a clutch control. The transmission member can be selected from a clutch, unidirectional transmitting clutch or a centrifugal clutch that is operated manually, mechanically, electromagnetically or hydrodynamically. This system is used for a stationary mechanism or a movable mechanism, such as an electric carrier, car, boat, rail car, etc. As required, the electric set can be used to drive a motor or regenerate power during braking or, while in stationary, feeding in a.c. or d.co power to drive one of the electric set for power generation and feeding power to a load (such as charging a battery, etc.)    USE -   For power distribution.
NOVELTY - Container has bottom, side walls, and frame in top part of side walls. Container is integral part made of fire- and alkali-proof compound that has in its composition butadiene-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer and polycarbonate, their mass proportion being (1-1.5):1-2.3), and fireproofing compound in the amount of 13-16% of compound total mass. In addition, container has internal partitions perpendicular to side walls and to bottom.    USE - Electrical engineering; alkaline batteries for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Improved operating reliability of storage battery and reduced weight of unit.
NOVELTY - An air jet nozzle (2) is arranged in the outer cladding (1) of the turbine. A fan (3) is positioned such that it blows air, in and out of a duct.    USE - For use in steel manufacture, cement manufacture, architectural constructions, hydrogen manufacture. Also for electric vehicle, motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents global warming by improving energy utilization.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of turbine installation.    Cladding (1)    Air jet nozzle (2)    Fan (3)
NOVELTY - A cooling system is provided with an engine driven power generator (5) and a solar cell (3). The solar cell is connected to the cooling system through the battery (7). A control apparatus (8) chooses power supply from generator or battery based on preset condition.    USE - In cold storage chamber of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Selection of battery current and generator current for cooling system ensures continuous power supply during parking time. Reduces noise and air pollution. Large capacity of battery is attained because of stored solar energy from solar cell. The load of the engine and fuel consumption is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of vehicle mounted cooling system.    Solar cell (3)    Engine driven power generator (5)    Battery (7)    Control apparatus (8)
NOVELTY - The diode having switch parallel to it, connects main supply and power supply end of rectifiers. The diode circuits on high voltage side (5) and low voltage side (7) act respectively as rectifier and converter when main battery is charged, and as converters and rectifiers when supplementary battery is charged. Controller controls the operation of diode circuit.    USE - In hybrid electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Reverse electric transmission on the motor for engine start is attained as switching circuit acts as both converter and rectifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Main and supplementary batteries (1,2) are connected to primary and secondary sides of transformer (6) respectively through switching circuits. The booster switching circuit on primary side has reactor (12), transistor (8), diode (14) and relay contact (15).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of power supply of hybrid electric vehicle.    Main and supplementary batteries (1,2)    High and low voltage sides (5,7)    Transformer (6)    Transistor (8)    Reactor (12)    Diode (14)    Relay contact (15)
NOVELTY - The separator consists of a pair of flat parallel grids (21, 23) with apertures (27) for the battery electrolyte to pass through, and a series of perpendicular spacers (25) between them. The spacers can be welded to the grids or welded to one and engaged with the other by a force fit.    USE - For electrically-powered vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Improved resistance to mechanical stresses.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apertures in the grids can be square, rectangular, circular or triangular, and in variants one of the grids can be replaced by a woven fibre layer, or a microfiber mattress that retains the electrolyte by capillary action can be incorporated between the grids.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the separator.    grids (21,23)    spacers (25)    apertures (27)
The semiconductor circuit includes a first circuit-plane (E1) with a power unit with semiconductors (T) arranged on, and contacting the surface of a substrate (S), especially a circuit-board (DCB) substrate. A second circuit-plane (E2) is narrowly spaced above the first circuit-plane (E1) with DC link components (C;L) arranged on and making contact with the surface of a DC link circuit board (ZP), especially a multi-layer circuit board.    A mutual, electric functional contact connection is made during combining of the first (E1) and second (E2) circuit planes of contact pins (KS) jutting from the respective plane (E1 or E2) and locating into the corresponding contact sockets (KS) of the other circuit plane (E2 or E1).    USE -   For connection between battery-supported LV on board mains and starter-generator of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides low-inductance converter suitable for mass production.
The semiconductor circuit arrangement includes a first circuit plane (E1) with a power-unit with semiconductors arranged on a substrate (S) surface, especially a circuit board (DCB). A second circuit plane is arranged over the first and carries on its surface, a DC-link circuit board (ZP) especially a multilayer circuit board.    A third circuit plane (E3) is narrowly spaced above the second circuit plane and has a retaining plate (AL1), especially a highly heat-conducting aluminium plate. Positioning securement is provided for the free-ends facing away from the contacting end of the DC-link components (C;L) by the retaining plate.    USE -   Especially for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Suitable for mass production with low manufacturing costs. Provides compact design.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell apparatus comprises fuel gas passage (5) with reformer (6) to generate hydrogen-rich reformate gas. The cathode side (4) has an oxidizing passage (7) formed with air pump (9) supplying the oxidizing air. The flow inlet (8) has pressure sensor (10) and temperature sensor (11) to detect air pressure supplied.    USE - For controlling the supply amount of oxidizing gas to a fuel cell obtaining electric power by electrochemical reaction. For e.g. electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The control apparatus is capable of enhancing the substantial power generation efficiency of the fuel cell and stabilizes the output of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of controlling a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram showing the fuel cell and control system.    Cathode side (4)    Fuel gas passage (5)    Reformer (6)    Oxidizing passage (7)    Flow inlet (8)    Air pump (9)    Pressure sensor (10)    Temperature sensor (11)
NOVELTY - A vehicle electrical supply control device (1) measures a vehicle's battery (5) voltage, comparing the measured voltage with set values stored in a set value memory (4), while connected to a status meter (6), whose meter status is raised or lowered depending on the status of the vehicle's electrical supply and consequently shows a balance for this status.    USE - To determine critical status in a vehicle's electrical supply system.    ADVANTAGE - This method is simple. Consumers can be disconnected in the start phase depending on priority.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Load in a vehicle's electrical supply determined in prior periods of observation is captured by means of a status meter, whose meter status specifies a rate for the balance status of the vehicle's electrical supply, so that, subject to the meter status, consumers (2) can be disconnected to improve the energy balance in the vehicle's electrical supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a basic diagrammatic layout of the circuit for the present invention.    Vehicle electrical supply control device (1)    Consumers (2)    Set value memory (4)    Vehicle's battery (5)    Status meter (6)
NOVELTY - The system has a leading vehicle (101) driven by a driver and a following vehicle (102, 103) automatically controllable to run in follow mode to the leading vehicle, the following vehicle includes status detector (128) detecting a status of the follows vehicle. A transmitter (53) transmits the detected status of the following vehicle to the leading vehicle. The leading vehicle has a receiver (53) to receive the status of the following vehicle transmitted by the transmitter. An indicator (81, 82) indicates a malfunction of the following vehicle if the received status of the following vehicle containing status information indicative of the malfunction.    USE - For controlling platoon of unattended following vehicles to automatically run in follow mode to attended leading vehicle driven by driver.    ADVANTAGE - Takes appropriates action depending on malfunction of following vehicle. Makes following vehicles free of any human drivers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Shows a block diagram of an internal structure of an electric vehicle, the diagram also showing a mutual communication relationship between electric vehicles running in a platoon.    Transmitter (53)    Receiver (53)    Indicator (81, 82)    Leading vehicle (101)    Following vehicle (102, 103)    Status detector (128)
NOVELTY - A gas compressor (6) and a bypass (B,8) are provided between a hydrogen tank (1) and a fuel cell (2). When the hydrogen gas pressure is low during an initial period of the releasing operation, the gas compressor is operated. When the pressure becomes sufficiently high due to normalization of the operation of the fuel cell, the gas compressor is stopped and hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell via the bypass.    USE - Hydrogen storage tank can also be used as part of a vehicle propulsion system    ADVANTAGE - Excellent energy conservation while providing low temperature starting    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (10) controls the valves (4,5) and operation of the motor (M) disposed in the compressor. A pressure sensor (11) and temperature sensor (12) is used to detect the pressure and temperature present within the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure of a system diagram of hydrogen piping.    Tank (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Valves (4,5)    Gas compressor (6)    Controller (10)    Pressure sensor (11)    Temperature sensor (12)    Bypass (B,8)    Motor (M)
NOVELTY - The two battery system includes a controllable electronic switch (13) arranged parallel to the power switch (10). The controllable electronic switch is a MOSFET. The drain connection of the MOSFET is connected with the starter battery (2) and the source connection with the motor vehicle on board battery (6).    USE - Motor vehicle power supply system.    ADVANTAGE - The starter battery is only loaded in the starting phase, but can be charged each time if the load condition allows it, and only needs a small engineering circuit cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 6 shows a wiring diagram with a common source connection    Starter battery (2)    Power MOSFET (4)    Vehicle on board battery (6)    Starter (8)    Switch (9)    Power switch (10)    Changeover switch (12)    Power MOSFET (13)
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel cell, pref. a stack (1) with end plates, a connected device for supplying oxygen and fuel gas, whereby the pressurized gas system has a fuel source, a safety valve and a floating body flowmeter (5) with a measurement glass and a blow-off valve (13) after the stack, with connecting pipes or hoses and pipe adapters. The input and output connecting parts (7,8) for the flowmeter contain integral pipe adapters for direct connection to the fuel cell or stack via a pipe or hose. The safety valve (9) is directly connectable to the input or output part and the blow-off valve can be directly connected to the stack on the outflow side.    USE - For teaching purposes.    ADVANTAGE - Manufacturing and assembly costs are considerably reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system    fuel cell stack (1)    flowmeter (5)    connector parts (7,8)    safety valve (9)    blow-off valve (13)    .
NOVELTY - Water treatment system reduces the volume of water retained in a lake behind a dam following a period of very heavy rainfall. The dam (2) has a high water overflow outlet near the crown, with a regulator valve (5) to a following valve (6) to a water filter. The valve (6) is opened by specific transmission elements in accordance with the intensity of rainfall and the volume of water behind the dam.    USE - As water treatment system to produce oxygen and hydrogen for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The reduction in water volume minimizes the risk of dam overflow. A lesser volume of pure water is returned to the lake than that which was first abstracted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Excess water is drained away to a secondary storage lake in which an electrolysis module (9) breaks down water into hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen is released to the atmosphere, while hydrogen is compressed. The hydrogen is subsequently combined in a fuel cell with atmospheric oxygen to generate electricity, surrendering pure water which is of lesser volume than the original raw water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic layout of a dam.    dam (2)    regulator valve (5)    valve (6)    electrolysis module (9)
NOVELTY - Lithium battery is provided with at least one carbon foam electrodes. Each electrode is fitted with a plate formed from an electrically conductive material. The plate has an underside that is formed to be attached to one end of the carbon foam electrode.    USE - Used in electric vehicle applications.    ADVANTAGE - The lithium ion battery provides small self discharge characteristics and it is environmentally safe compared to lead batteries. It provides attractive energy density to weight ratio and great potential in electric vehicle applications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Lithium battery (10) comprises:    (a) a battery case;    (b) at least one carbon foam electrode (12, 14); and    (c) an electrically conductive plate fitted to the top end of the carbon foam electrode.    The plate has an underside which is formed to be attached to one end of the carbon foam electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an schematic illustration of a battery.    Battery (10)    Carbon foam electrodes (12, 14)
NOVELTY - The cover includes a top portion (18) to which positive and negative terminal connectors (10,12) are attached corresponding to positions of positive and negative terminals of the battery. The positive and negative wire connectors (14,16) attached to the side of the cover, are size to be placed in contact with free end portions of respective electrical wires.    USE - For batteries used in devices such as automobiles, farm and heavy duty equipment, motor cycles and power boats.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the need to use specified length battery cable having pre-installed clamps or other connecting devices at the end.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The wire connectors are connected to respective terminal connectors by electrically conducted material segments (13,15).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of battery cover.    Terminal connectors (10,12)    Segments (13,15)    Wire connectors (14,16)    Top portion (18)
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte, comprising polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone in which an ion exchange group is introduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The polymer electrolyte comprise a base polymer and a polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or a polyarylene sulfone wherein an ion exchange group is introduced into the base polymer. The content of the polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone is 10 - 80 % by weight of the polymer electrolyte. The polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone has a porous film form having pores and the base polymer is present inside of the pores. The average oxidation degree X of sulfur atom in the sulfide group (-S-), sulfoxide group (-SO-) and sulfone group (-SO2-) which is represented in the form of (-SOx-) is in the range of from 0.8 to 20. The polymer electrolyte is produced by contacting a solution comprising polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone dissolved in first solvent, with second solvent which can dissolve the polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or the polyarylene sulfone thereby shaping the polyarylene sulfide sulfone and/or polyarylene sulfone into the form of a porous film.    USE -   The polymer electrolyte is particularly useful for a fuel battery for automobiles.    ADVANTAGE -   S - The polymer electrolyte has excellent acid resistance, alkali resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and solvent resistance and shows good ion exchange capacity under severe conditions such as concentrated chlorine or alkali as well as high temperature oxidative atmosphere.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas obtained by electrolysis of water and air (containing oxygen and inert gas essentially containing nitrogen) are supplied to fuel batteries (10-12) to generate electric power. The generated and external power is used to electrolyse water to produce oxygen and hydrogen. The battery reaction is continued, deoxidizer removes oxygen contained in air, generating pure inert gas containing nitrogen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the gas separation apparatus. The apparatus is configured with a storage battery (33) for performing charging of electric power generated from fuel battery and that from external power supply, an electrolyzer (39) for performing electrolysis of water, a hydrogenation catalyst carrier for removing oxygen contained in air, dehumidification apparatus for removing water contained in hydrogenation catalyst and an oxygen adsorber containing oxygen adsorbent, for adsorbing residual oxygen in air. The electrolyzer and fuel battery are mutually connected.    USE -   For separating oxygen and nitrogen of high purity.    ADVANTAGE -   Inert gas essentially containing nitrogen gas and oxygen gas are manufactured in high purity, efficiently and economically. The operating cost and maintenance are minimum. The separation of gases can be performed at room temperature. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of gas separation apparatus. (10-12) Fuel battery; (33) Storage battery; (34) Solar battery; (39) Electrolyzer.
NOVELTY - carbon monoxide removal apparatus has a catalyst layer cell (102) with low concentration of catalyst at gas inlet side and catalyst layer cell (103) with high concentration of catalyst at the gas outlet.    USE -   For fuel batteries which utilizes hydrogen gas separated from carbon monoxide released from hydrocarbon fuel gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The fuel battery can be made small and have light weight. Control of the apparatus is easy. Carbon monoxide can be easily removed with small catalyst volume with big SV value. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (102,103) Catalyst layer cell.
NOVELTY - A controller (20) calculates electric power (Pbco) of battery (40), when fuel battery (36) is operating on carbon monoxide oxidation point, based on difference between request output (Pi) of invertor and electric power (Pco) of fuel battery, to determine output voltage (Vbco) of battery (40) accordingly. The controller controls DC-DC converter (38) to adjust output voltage of battery periodically. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (20) determines carbon monoxide oxidation point in operation area of catalyst of anode in fuel battery (36), as an operation point of fuel battery. The output electric power (Pco) of fuel battery at the operation point is computed from output electricity-output voltage characteristics corresponding to gas flow rate.    USE -   For fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces carbon monoxide poisoning efficiently by carrying out oxidation removal of adsorbed carbon monoxide forcibly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery system. (20) Controller; (36) Fuel battery; (38) DC-DC converter; (40) Battery.
NOVELTY - A cell unit (100) has ribs (311) formed inwardly to press support a cell (20) provided with a pair of electrodes on both sides of an electrolytic film in a plate so that a flow path is formed between the rib and an electrode to circulate a humidification agent. A water retention layer with a water holding capacity within 0.002-0.035 g/cm2 is formed on the rib through humidification agent is circulated.    USE - In solid state polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to moisturize electrolyte film by providing a water keeping layer. Facilitates mass production of cell by producing rib with compression molding.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The water retention layer is a porous layer consisting of a mixture of resin and carbon so that the weight ratio of a resin to carbon is within 5-40%.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of cell unit.    Cell (20)    Cell unit (100)    Ribs (311)
NOVELTY - The method comprises: providing a battery (124) to be tested; providing a test electrical load (126 for connection to the battery; providing a control circuit (122) to connect the load to the battery for an interval of less than one second, and providing analysis unit (132) to analyze the battery's reaction to the load.    USE - For roadside testing of vehicle batteries by assistance patrol personnel, and also in diagnostic and service orientated applications. May also be used on other types of battery.    ADVANTAGE - May be used in adverse weather conditions, on a large variety of vehicles. Is controlled by the user's thumb.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The load (126) is arranged to cause the battery to deliver a macro-current which is comparable to currents arising in use of the battery. The control circuit is used to connect the load to the battery for a transient time interval lying in the range of up to 100 milliseconds. The control circuit (122) is associated with a handset (120) apparatus which is adapted to be operated and connected to the battery (124) in the manner of a testing handset. The transient macro-current generates an amount of heat in relation to the handset which can be accommodated by the handset (124).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is given for an apparatus for routine testing of batteries for automotive vehicles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram of the testing apparatus.    handset (120)    control circuit (122)    battery (124)    transient load (126)    switch circuit (128)    analysis unit (132)
NOVELTY - The system (26) includes a heat exchanger (24) and a pump (28). A valve (22) selectively allows engine coolant in a cooling circuit (16) to pass through the heat exchanger so that the hotter of the two circuits will transfer heat to the cooler. The battery can thus be heated to its correct operating temperature and excess heat can be transferred to the engine cooling circuit.    USE - The system is for controlling the temperature of both a traction battery and a heat engine in a hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The battery is kept at an optimum temperature for both charging and under load conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a hybrid vehicle.    cooling circuit (16)    valve (22)    heat exchanger (24)    control system (26)    pump (28)
NOVELTY - The starter battery switch is designed as a MOS-FET (6), the gate of which is connected with a control unit (7). The power MOS-FET (6) is designed with an internal current measurement, which is connected with the control unit (7). The control unit (7) has assigned to it a pre-crash and/or crash sensor. A further MOS-FET (6) is arranged in series to the vehicle on board battery (5).    USE - Back up for engine starter by using a two battery system.    ADVANTAGE - The two battery system is simple and reliably prevents the discharge of the starter battery e.g. during cold start. A pre-crash or crash sensor is provided so that with detection of a collision MOSFET is blocked.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 shows a wiring diagram of the proposed two battery system.    Generator (1)    Starter battery (2)    Starter (3)    Prim. user (4)    Vehicle battery (5)    Power MOS-FET (6)    Control unit (7)    Measurement lead (8)    Control lead (9)
NOVELTY - The oxygen generation method uses compression of air, e.g. via an exhaust gas turbocharger (2,3) before supplying it to a membrane module (4), for providing air with a higher oxygen level and air with a lower oxygen level, the air with the higher oxygen level fed to a fuel cell and/or a gas generation system (1).    USE - The oxygen generation method is used for a fuel cell and/or for a gas generation system for providing hydrogen, e.g. fuel cell for automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows the efficiency of the fuel cell or the gas generation method to be improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for a gas generation device is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a an oxygen generation device.    Gas generation system (1)    Turbocharger (2,3)    Membrane module (4)
NOVELTY - The battery casing (1) contains a number of electrochemical battery cells (4) over which a cooling air stream is passed between an inlet opening (2) and an outlet opening (3). The inlet opening has an associated air filter for removing humidity or moisture from the supplied cooling air stream, e.g. via a pair of filter elements at the opposite ends of an air inlet pipe (7).    USE - The battery casing can be used for an automobile battery.    ADVANTAGE - The casing allows cooling of the battery cells by the air stream generated during movement of the vehicle, while preventing ingress of moisture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of a battery casing.    Battery casing (1)    Inlet opening (2)    Outlet opening (3)    Battery cells (4)    Inlet pipe (7)
NOVELTY - The valve stop is designed so that the probe opening (11) is arranged coaxially to the valve plug (1). The release device (3) works in conjunction making contact with the guide (9).    USE - Filling plugs for filling battery cells especially for traction batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Further developed so that it is easy to manufacture. The probe opening is arranged in guide and is used for monitoring the acid concentration in the cell. Number of parts is reduced. Preferably the probe opening is arranged to release the device, providing more room for guiding the release device and the quality of guidance can be improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The upper end of the release device (3) has a marking (26). A movable cover (8) is arranged, connected preferably locking with the valve body (2). The cover (8) is produced at least sectionally of transparent material. The release device (8) opens or closes a line (20) arranged offset to the valve plug (1). The line (20) is a kinkable hose.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows section through a valve plug.    Valve plug (1)    Valve body (2)    Release device (3)    Valve (4)    Locking units (5,6)    Connection part (7)    Cover (8)    Central bore (9)    Blind hole (10)    Connection piece (12)
NOVELTY - The detector (13) is connected to each cell block (19) of a battery unit (20). The voltage across each cell block is detected by a differential amplifier, digitalized and applied to a controller using a photocoupler (7). The differential amplifier and the cell block are connected by optical relays (5,6), which are closed by an ON/OFF control signal only when a voltage is detected, to prevent current leakage.    USE - For electric vehicle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The differential amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter (3) are powered by the cell block through regulators, to eliminate noise effects.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the voltage detector.    differential amplifier (2)    analog to digital converter (3)    optical relays (5,6)    photocouplers (7,8)    regulators (11,12)    detector (13)    cell block (19)    battery unit (20)    inverter (29)    high-voltage electric circuit system (A)    automotive electric circuit system (B)
NOVELTY - Organic lithium salt purification comprises dissolving an impure organic lithium salt in a solution comprising an organic complexing solvent; crystallizing and separating from the solution a solid solvate complex comprising the lithium salt and the organic complexing solvent; and then dissociating and removing the lithium salt in a solid form from the solid solvate.    USE - The method is used for purifying an organic lithium salt. The purified lithium salts can be used in applications where purity, and optical or electrical properties are important. Particularly, the purified lithium salt is useful, when incorporated, as the ionic electrolyte salt into nonaqueous electrolyte compositions, e.g., liquid electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes or solid polymer electrolytes, to improve the performance of electric current producing cells, e.g., electrolytic cells, primary batteries, rechargeable batteries, or fuel cells (claimed). The purified lithium salts are also useful in an ink jet ink compositions comprising a lithium salt, and a liquid carrier medium (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The purified lithium salt of this invention has at least 20% greater than the purity of the impure lithium salt from which it is derived. The invented method also facilitates the purification of lithium salts in high yield.
NOVELTY - The charging device comprises a charger (30) located in the trunk of a vehicle and connected to the vehicle battery (20). The bicycle is supported on a carrier (50) and the charger is connected to the rechargeable battery (45) of the bicycle.    USE - Enables battery to be kept constantly charged    ADVANTAGE - Charges battery without removing from bicycle and during transportation of bicycle    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Side elevation showing bicycle battery being charge    Battery (20)    Charger (30)    Bicycle battery (45)    Carrier (50)
NOVELTY - The battery charging apparatus provides power from the vehicle battery for the rechargeable batteries of portable devices. An engine sensor (20) provides a signal to a timer (24) that can detect on and off engine states. The timer has multiple time periods coupled to individual switches (28,32). When the engine is turned off the timer provides an on signal to its corresponding switch until the timer has elapsed.    USE - To ensure portable devices are always ready for use with fully charged battery    ADVANTAGE - Continues to charge device battery for predetermined time after vehicle ignition is turned off    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Block diagram of charger and delay timer    Engine sensor (20)    Timer (24)    Timer switches (28,32)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell component has back to back bipolar plate/diffusers fabricated as one monolithic component, with coolant channels (32) formed as complete channels within the component. Components are stacked together (52,54) and fuel from a fuel channel (40) of one component (54) and oxidant from an oxidant channel (42) of the next component (52) flow toward each other and react at the catalyst/electrolyte arrangement (50) to produce electricity.    USE - For use in construction of fuel cell for producing electricity. Also for electric vehicle, auxiliary power for vehicles and back-up supply.    ADVANTAGE - Simple geometry results in less costly construction and lower ohmic losses    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Sectional view of stacked fuel cells    Coolant channels (32)    Fuel channel (40)    Oxidant channel (42)    Catalyst (50)    Components of fuel cell (52,54)
NOVELTY - Aluminum powder, ammonium nitrate and small amount of surfactant are mixed with dehydrated sludge to form sludge fuel (B).    USE - For recycling of sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Harmful heavy metals are removed, since they are fixed in aluminum oxide after combustion. Man power consumption is minimized. Recycling of sludge fuel is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (i) processing method of sludge fuel by burning sludge fuel to generate aluminum oxide and hydrogen gas; and (ii) recycling of sludge fuel by passing hydrogen gas generated into fuel battery (3) to produce electricity and aluminum oxide generated into electrorefining tank (4) to produce aluminum. The generated aluminum is again used as the raw material for manufacture of sludge fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of recycling of sludge fuel processing system.    Extruder (1)    Combustion container (2)    Fuel battery (3)    Electrorefining tank (4)    Raw material (A)    Sludge fuel (B)
NOVELTY - A cooling unit (4) which cools the modified gas is provided between a modifying unit (2) and CO removal unit (3). The modifying unit converts hydrocarbon type fuel to modified gas which consists of hydrogen. The CO removal unit removes CO from the modified gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cooling unit is a heat exchanger in which a coolant is circulated to control the temperature of the modified gas. A flow regulation valve is provided in the coolant circulation pipeline of the heat exchanger to control the flow of coolant. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel battery system which generate electricity using the modified gas.    USE -   The improver converts hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen gas which is used by fuel battery system for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the improver has CO removal unit, the CO is removed efficiently and the fuel battery system is light in weight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the fuel battery system. (2) Modifying unit; (3) CO removal unit; (4) Cooling unit.
NOVELTY - The method involves detecting information relative to the course of a route to be traversed, computing the anticipated power requirements for the hybrid drive over the route using the information, determining a time plan regulating the drives for the individual drive components or operating modes over the route taking into account the individual efficiencies of the drive components or operating modes depending on the anticipated power requirements.    USE - For operating a hybrid vehicle drive with a battery, esp. a serial hybrid drive.    ADVANTAGE - An improved level of efficiency is achieved compared to conventional hybrid drive operating methods.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a chart of Velocity against Distance covered
NOVELTY - It polar plates, electrodes and film which are connected in a series and coincided each other. Each unit is divided into 2-20 small batteries relevantly. Each small battery has independent gas entrance and exit. The small batteries in every battery unit are connected in series in gas pass and then are connected in parallel to general gas pipe, and they are connected in parallel each other by a couple of polar plates in circuit then are connected in series with other battery units.    USE -   Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The integral operation of the invention is more reliable, the output power is higher.
NOVELTY - The characteristic is to fit 1-6 stand-by battery units in whole battery group, each stand-by battery unit includes 1-5 single batteries. Connection of partial or all stand-by batteries in the circuit to work when general voltage is lower than the lower limit of rated value. Cutting-off stand-by batteries when output voltage of the battery group is higher than the upper limit of rated value.    USE -   Modulating output voltage of fuel cell set    ADVANTAGE -   The invention method is easy to be realized and has high reliability.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (402) includes an anode channel (408) with anode gas inlet (410) for receiving hydrogen gas and cathode channel (414) having cathode gas inlet and outlet (418). The cathode gas inlet (416) is coupled to oxygen gas delivery system (404) to receive oxygen gas and cathode gas outlet (418) which is coupled to recirculation unit for recirculating exhaust gas from cathode channel to cathode gas inlet.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Electric current is generated rapidly using the enriched oxygen delivered by oxygen delivery system to cathode channel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Ion exchange between the anode and cathode channels is performed using electrolyte. A compressor in recirculation unit supplies cathode exhaust gas to cathode gas inlet under pressure. A separator removes the moisture from the exhaust gas. The oxygen gas outlet is coupled to cathode gas inlet to supply enriched oxygen to cathode channel. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrical current generating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell based electricity generating system.    Fuel cell (402)    Oxygen gas delivery system (404)    Anode channel (408)    Anode gas inlet (410)    Cathode channel (414)    Cathode gas inlet (416)    Cathode gas outlet (418)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell comprising two electrodes separated by an electrolyte for conversion of a fuel and an oxidant to a reaction product. The electrode(s) includes a catalyst comprising an oxide support containing gold in a catalytically effective form. The fuel is methanol or methane.    USE - For power generation, especially used to power a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The gold-based catalyst is cost effective compared to platinum. The gold-based catalyst also exhibit high conversion of the fuel as compared to platinum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of oxidizing methanol or methane of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The battery monitoring system provides an estimate of discharge reserve time. A set of battery cells are subjected to being charged and then discharged through a load while measuring the current and voltage relationships. These are converted into a voltage to remaining charge nominal curve, e.g. using a personal computer and spreadsheet. The nominal curve is subsequently used to estimate remaining charge from the voltage and hence the reserve time at a given discharge rate.    USE - Battery reserve time monitoring for electric vehicle battery, and power supply applications.    ADVANTAGE - By using a voltage to charge nominal curve a consistent and accurate estimate of reserve time is made    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for a cell characterizing method is also included.
NOVELTY - Electronic component is printed by (a) providing a surface; (b) providing a redox couple having an oxidizer and a reducer; (c) solubilizing the oxidizer or reducer in the first solution; (d) applying the first solution to the surface in a desired pattern to create a first layer; (e) initiating redox reaction in the first layer; and (f) adding at least one additional layer.    USE - For printing of electronic circuits and components such as transistors, batteries, fuel cells, capacitors, inductors, or resistors.    ADVANTAGE - The method can be practiced without resort to vacuum metal deposition procedures. It requires no resist for patterning and can be used to deposit both thin and thick films. Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacture (CAD/CAM) data can be used to control the deposition with coating techniques such as ink-jet printing. The yield metal coating is equivalent to or superior to the electroplated coatings in terms of appearance, durability, lubricity, or surface integrity. The method can be used at low temperature deposition process, thus, it can be used on a wide range of substrates with the service range of 80-250 degreesC. It is compatible with almost any printing techniques and compatible with thermally or photochemically assisted decomposition. It can provide an air-stable metal precursor with high solubility, facile decomposition by thermolysis/photolysis, high metal loading, high stability at room temperature and reasonable shelf life. The waste is environmentally friendly.
NOVELTY - A lock board (8) rotatably supported in the lower end of a key cylinder (70), intersects the tension direction of a car body frame and a battery case (6). A roller mounted in the front wall of the battery case, contacts the undersurface of lock board and twists the battery case to pull up direction at the time of removing the case, when a key (K) is inserted into the key cylinder.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Performs fixation of battery case without position gap to prevent up and down movement. Obtains reliable electric supply condition and favorable feeling for the user. Performs locking of the battery case reliably by ensuring smooth contact between a roller and the lock board. Simplifies component and promotes anti theft only by using locking operation device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the support bracket for the front side of the battery case.    Battery case (6)    Lock board (8)    Key cylinder (70)    Key (K)
NOVELTY - A battery case (6) is mounted on a car body frame (1) via mounting tool. The mounting tool consists of two main pipes (12,13) arranged in parallel and connected to a seat tube (10) and a head tube (11) in the width direction of a bicycle. A bracket is provided to both ends of the main pipes to support the main pipes to which the battery case is attached.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Increases strength of the mounting tool and car body frame to provide stable support for mounted battery case. Improves mounting appearance of the battery case. Reduces number of components and provides compact arrangement of mounting tool. Eliminates possibility of damaging the output cord since the cords are separated from the operation wires, thus problem e.g. inferior electric supply is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire side view of the electric bicycle.    Car body frame (1)    Battery case (6)    Seat tube (10)    Head tube (11)    Main pipes (12,13)
NOVELTY - A battery case (6) is mounted on a seat tube (10) of a bicycle. A holding board has a terminal board risen vertically in the lower part of a tube support plate. The support plate with an L-shaped curved on one end and fixed to a car body frame (1), to which the battery case is fixed. An output terminal connected to an electric supply terminal of a battery, are arranged on the terminal board.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies attachment operation and obtains reliable mounting structure since the connection between electric supply cord and battery case is performed simultaneously. Prevents damage and detachment of electric connection. Maintains fixed condition reliably since detachment caused by transit oscillation is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire side view of the electric bicycle.    Car body frame (1)    Battery case (6)    Seat tube (10)
NOVELTY - An accommodating portion (60a) stores multiple batteries arranged in a row. Another accommodating portion (60b) contains another set of multiple batteries arranged vertically. The bicycle has an electric motor which is electrically-driven by a battery (B). The electric motor is interlocked with a rear wheel. A battery case (6) is suspended and supported to a main frame.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Can reliably constrain battery case in width direction of main frame. Suppresses generation of battery oscillation. Ensures stable support of battery case. Suppresses flare towards width direction of frame. Prevents trouble in operation. Reduces weight and size of battery case. Ensures reliable positioning of battery case. Ensures easy assembly of battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a battery case. (6) Battery case; (60a) Accommodating portion; (60b) Accommodating portion; (B) Battery.
NOVELTY - A battery controller (2) computes the display operation frequency of a capacity meter (5) based on the calculated remaining capacity of a secondary battery (1). The battery controller operates the capacity meter to display the remaining capacity of the secondary battery at a predetermined time based on the computed display operation frequency.    USE -   For indicating the remaining capacity of the secondary battery of an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures reliable and accurate indication of remaining capacity of a secondary battery, since display accuracy is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of display device. (1) Secondary battery; (2) Battery controller; (5) Capacity meter.
NOVELTY - The internal electrode object (1) and organic electrolyte are wound to form the battery. The ratio of width (L1) of active material layer of positive or negative electrode plate (2,3) to diameter (D1) of internal electrode object, is made to be 1 or less.    USE - In lithium secondary battery used for driving motor of hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode structure shortens the collector path of internal electrode object. Hence the internal resistance and resistance of terminal portion are reduced. A battery of high output and operation stability is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of internal electrode structure.    Internal electrode object (1)    Electrode plates (2,3)
NOVELTY - The cylindrical battery pack (2) is interposed between pair of collector boards (5) which are suspended by the suspension rods (10). Collector rods (8) are connected to the collector boards. Force application unit (9) presses the collector rods towards collector boards so that the cell units between the collector boards are moved closer.    USE - In solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Pressing of collector boards, reduces contact resistance of electric connection between the cells of battery pack, thus battery output is raised.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of battery.    Battery pack (2)    Collector board (5)    Force application unit (8)    Force application unit (9)    Suspension rod (10)
NOVELTY - The unused hydrogen ejected from fuel battery stack (11) is occluded by hydrogen absorbing alloy tanks (14,15). The stored hydrogen is released and supplied to fuel battery stack, when required.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Supplies hydrogen to fuel battery stack at the time of starting, thus starting time is shortened sharply. Runs modifies stably, even during fluctuation of load current. Utilizes hydrogen in modify gas effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery system.    Fuel battery stack (11)    Hydrogen absorbing alloy tanks (14,15)
NOVELTY - Maximum output value of fuel battery (6) is calculated, based on the detected original fuel formation state data in field fuel formation apparatus. Depending on the calculated maximum output value, the output of fuel battery is controlled.    USE - Fuel battery based electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Stable continuous running of fuel battery based electricity generation system with high dependability is enabled, even when the composition and amount of formation of original fuel fluctuate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel based electricity generation system.    Fuel battery (6)
NOVELTY - Fuel gas passageway and oxidizing agent gas passageway (2) are provided on either sides of the separator (1). Cooling water flow path (4) is provided on both ends of the separator as a double sided gas passageway.    USE - For fuel battery in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the length of the laminate direction of the separator is shortened, fuel battery is reduced in size.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the cathode surface of separator.    Separator (1)    Oxidizing agent gas passageway (2)    Cooling water flow path (4)
NOVELTY - The electrode surfaces of a pair of electrodes (11) having electrolyte film (12) interposed between them is contacted with the separator (20) which has gas passageway (21) for supplying gas. The separator has metallic material (40) with 3-dimensional network as base material having fine gaps filled with conductive resin (50).    USE - For fuel battery cells.    ADVANTAGE - The separator has excellent mechanical strength and high conductivity. The separator excels in productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of separator which involves mounting the metallic material in a shaping die (30) which has convex area for forming flow paths. The gaps in the metallic material is filled with conductive resin for forming flow path. The shaping die is subsequently heated and pressed to form the separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the fuel battery cell.    Electrodes (11)    Electrolyte film (12)    Separator (20)    Gas passage way (21)    Shaping die (30)    Metallic material (40)    Conductive resin (50)
NOVELTY - The separator (2) contacts flat electrode (6) of cell (1) and forms a gas passageway (7) in metal plate (9) of low electrical resistance. An amorphous carbon film (10) is coated over the metal plate to form a gas passageway formation surface (9). Hydrogen content CH' of carbon film is in the range of 1-20atom%.    USE - For stack fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Separator with favorable electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance is obtained cheaply. Moreover the peeling resistance of amorphous carbon film is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembled isometric view of fuel battery.    Cell (1)    Separator (2)    Flat electrodes (6)    Gas passageway (7)    Metal plate (9)    Amorphous carbon film (10)
NOVELTY - The binder of the cathode (3) is insoluble in the solvent of ester and ether group. The binder is made of cross-linking mold resin with unswelling property and the electrolyte used is a polymeric gel electrolyte.    USE - For portable apparatus, electric vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The battery has excellent charging and discharging property, as binder is insoluble in solvent of ester and ether group and electrolyte is gel type.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional diagram of the battery.    Cathode (3)
NOVELTY - A tank (17) for accommodating electrolyte or purified water (24) is formed in large space (16) of battery housing. The remaining portion of tank accommodates air (23). A nozzle (25) provided at the bottom surface of tank, opens vertically into electrolyte (15). An air exhaust port (6) is provided at the ceiling wall of small space (16a) of battery housing.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since tank containing electrolyte or purified water is provided in large space of battery housing, the volumetric efficiency of the battery is raised and during ignition firing, the probability of damage occurrence is reduced, thereby enhancing the life span of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of lead storage battery.    Air exhaust port (6)    Electrolyte (15)    Large space (16)    Small space (16a)    Tank (17)    Air (23)    Purified water (24)    Nozzle (25)
NOVELTY - Positive and negative electrodes (11,13) are wound through a separator (12) inside a battery jar (18). Low melting point material is mounted in the collector part of the positive or negative electrode.    USE - For portable electronic device and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Provides battery structure having high energy output and high safety.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the lithium secondary battery.    Positive and negative electrodes (11,13)    Separator (12)    Battery jar (18)
NOVELTY - Terminal voltage of one of several electric capacitors (101A-101C), is set to inputs (106A-106C) of comparators (104A-104C). A comparator compares the terminal voltage of the capacitors with the reference input, based on which the by pass circuits (105A-105C) are controlled.    USE -   For lithium secondary battery, electric double layer capacitor for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Due to efficient control of by-pass power line, dispersion in terminal power supply between each electric capacitor is restrained. Enables to obtain power supply with high electric power utilization factor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of power supply. (101A-101C) Electric capacitors; (104A-104C) Comparator circuits; (105A-105C) By-pass circuits; (106A-106C) Comparison inputs.
NOVELTY - Battery cell (11) is divided into battery groups (A1,A2). The serial voltage of each cell group is detected and compared. Based on the compared result, the abnormality of battery cell is judged.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery cell abnormality detector.    USE -   For use in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Even if the dynamic range of measurement group is small, abnormality of battery can be detected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows circuit diagram of battery module and voltage monitoring apparatus. (11) Battery cell; (A1,A2) Battery groups.
NOVELTY - A secondary battery has an anode comprising lithium-manganese group complex oxide spinel. The capacity deterioration of the battery is suppressed by performing charging and discharging, and by maintaining voltage of anode at high voltage path, when the battery temperature detected exceeds 45degreesC, preferably 55degreesC.    USE - For battery such as lithium ion secondary battery used in motor vehicles and for electric power storage.    ADVANTAGE - The processing cost is inexpensive. The deterioration of battery capacity is suppressed even at high temperature.
NOVELTY - The module having multiple sodium sulfur battery (1) is filled with insulating material (6) such as dry sad inbetween the batteries and is inserted into a heat insulation container (2). The weight of one or aggregate of modules used as conveying unit is 10 kg or more and 1t or less.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The module is conveyed inside the building by an elevator and/or a lifter.    USE -   For use as electric power storage apparatus and is installed in electric vehicle, building. Also for general industrial use.    ADVANTAGE -   As the module is kept almost at level at the time of conveyance, there is no possibility that damage of the deviation of the insulating material within the module, electrode terminal may be caused. The module can be carried inside the building safely and easily, hence characteristic of module is securable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows structural model diagram of battery module. (1) Multiple sodium sulfur battery; (2) Heat insulation container; (6) Insulating material.
NOVELTY - A horizontal duct (81) is extended from the side wall (14) of battery box (10), along the bottom of side frame (61) which is attached to a floor plate (58). A vertical duct (82) is extended from the horizontal duct towards floor plate. A ventilating hole (85) is opened towards rear side of vehicle from upper portion of vertical duct.    USE -   For electric vehicle e.g. car.    ADVANTAGE -   The horizontal duct passing along bottom of side frame ensures arrangement of battery box nearer to side frame. The width of battery box is extended sufficiently. The opening of ventilating hole towards rear side of vehicle ensures suppression of foreign materials penetration. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of air duct structure of battery box. (10) Battery box; (14) Side wall; (58) Floor plate; (61) Side frame; (81) Horizontal duct; (82) Vertical duct; (85) Ventilating hole.
NOVELTY - The housing defines a single shelfless battery compartment (110) to hold several valve regulated lead acid batteries with a compression member (175) positioned beneath the top wall (108) so as to compress the stack of horizontal battery cells (115). Internally threaded members are attached to the top wall and are fitted with compression bolts (170) that contact the compression member (175).    USE - Battery cell housing assembly to provide motive power for electric vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Easy to use, and batteries can be arranged in a variety of configurations    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a battery system for battery powered vehicles    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Perspective view of a six cell battery system    Top wall (108)    Battery compartment (110)    Cells (115)    Bolts (170)    Compression member (175)
NOVELTY - The power supply has several units integrated into a typical cycle frame. Conventional small accumulators (3) are integrated into a conventional tubular frame (1,2,4). The accumulators used corresp. in shape and size to conventional 1.5 volt Mono batteries and can be replaced via frame openings with strengthenings.    USE - For electric cycle, motor cycle or moped.    ADVANTAGE - The current supply position is highly inconspicuous and guarantees good theft protection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a frame contg. accumulators    frame (1,2,4)    accumulators (3).
NOVELTY - The current generation rotor (1) is positioned on the vehicle roof so that it lies in the travel wind provided by the movement of the vehicle when driven by an IC engine (6) or an electric drive motor (5), its rotation used for charging an electric storage battery (4) via a current generator (2).    USE - The current generation rotor is used for providing an auxiliary electrical drive for a road or rail vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The current generation rotor allows the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of a vehicle with an IC engine to be reduced and allows the range of a vehicle with an electric propulsion drive to be increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a current generation rotor mounted on a vehicle roof.    Current generation rotor (1)    Current generator (2)    Electric storage battery (4)    Electric drive motor (5)    IC engine (6)
NOVELTY - Use of an alkali-free silicon, magnesium and heavy alkaline earth metal oxide mixture, for a high thermal expansion coefficient glass-ceramic joint material, is new.    USE - Used as a joint material in a high temperature fuel cell (claimed) or more generally as a glass-ceramic solder for joining metals, alloys and/or other materials having a thermal expansion coefficient (at 20-950 degrees C) of about 12x10-6 K-1.    ADVANTAGE - The material has a high temperature of use (up to at least 950 degrees C, especially up to 1100 degrees C), a uniform thermal expansion coefficient of at least 10x10-6 K-1 (especially 12x10-6 K-1) and good insulating properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An alkali-free oxide mixture, containing 35-55% SiO2, 20-50% MgO and at least 5% total (not more than 15% each) of one or more of CaO, SrO and BaO, is used as a glass-ceramic joint material or for producing such a material having a thermal expansion coefficient of at least 10x10-6 K-1 for high temperature use.
NOVELTY - The arrangement includes a voltage converter (SW) which is supplied with an on-board supply voltage (Ub) via a connection (A1). A second, step-up voltage converter (AW) is coupled before the first voltage converter, and is also supplied with the on-board supply voltage. Devices are provided, which produce a detection signal when the voltage falls below a predetermined value, to activate the step-up converter and provide a voltage (Uh) to the first converter, which is larger than the on-board supply voltage. A voltage-decoupling device is provided parallel to the second voltage converter.    USE - For motor vehicle electrical equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents effects of voltage drop on voltage-sensitive load, especially during vehicle ignition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block schematic circuit diagram of the regulator.    On-board supply voltage (Ub)    First voltage converter (SW)    Second voltage converter (AW)    Increased voltage (Uh)
NOVELTY - The separate sensor unit (3) has its own energy reservoir with a storage capacitor (C5) coupled to a first storage capacitor (C2). If a fault occurs in the vehicle battery (2) both the storage capacitors provide energy for the operation of the control unit (1) and the sensor unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The second storage capacitor is loaded via a decoupling capacitor (C4) and a protecting resistor (R2) to supply the sensor unit processor and a rollover sensor (34). Electromagnetic decoupling is provided by capacitors (C1,C3,C4,C6) with resistors (R1,R2) to protect the control unit or the sensor unit if a short circuit occurs.    USE -   To protect control unit for vehicle occupant protection device, to protect sensor unit to recognise turning of vehicle and collision.    ADVANTAGE -   Efficient protection and safety system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the protection system.    Control unit 1    Vehicle battery 2    Separate sensor unit 3    Rollover sensor 34    Capacitors C1,C3,C4,C6    Resistors R1,R2
NOVELTY - A switch (36) selectively connects an AC or DC bus (12,26) to at least one AC power source (32-40). A controller (22) regulates the power supplied to a load e.g. heater (14), an air conditioner (16) and a refrigerator (18) via power bus. A monitoring circuit (44) checks the condition of the power sources and automatically disconnects the power bus to the load when the state of at least 1 power source varies.    USE - For monitoring power source for recreational vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Performs automatic disconnection of power bus from the load when state of at least 1 power source changes. Simplifies circuit configuration since sundry filters, diodes, resistors and several power connections are eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method for monitoring power system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of the power system for vehicle with monitoring circuit.    AC or DC bus (12,26)    Heater (14)    Air conditioner (16)    Refrigerator (18)    Controller (22)    AC power source (32-40)    Switch (36)    Monitoring circuit (44)
NOVELTY - The engine block (10) has two sets of interleaved lamella (1,2) made of two different thermoelectric materials, having electrical contact with each other at junctures between them. The lamella receive heat generated by the engine. A first bus (6) is connected to the first lamella and to the positive electrical portion of the vehicle electricity utilizing devices, and a second bus (7) is connected to the negative portion of the electricity utilizing devices. Hot temperatures within the interior surfaces of the lamella provide a DC current to the devices and extract heat from the engine.    USE - For cooling internal combustion engine while generating electricity from waste heat to power vehicle's electrical devices.    ADVANTAGE - Uses waste heat from engine to generate electricity which enables generator/alternator to be eliminated or reduced in size.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric view of the thermoelectric engine block.    thermoelectric material plates (1,2)    cylinders (3)    electrically conductive buses (6,7)    engine block (10)
NOVELTY - Door lock (5) is changeable between door closing condition and door unlatching condition by a motor. Main and auxiliary batteries are independently connected to the motor for supplying electric current. A switching unit changes electric supply to the motor from the auxiliary battery, when the supply from the main battery is impossible.    USE - For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Releasing of vehicle door can be done reliably even when supply from main unit is stopped as electric supply to motor is done by auxiliary unit by switching unit. Since auxiliary battery is arranged inside the door lock, need for exclusive accommodation space for the battery is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An actuator of the motor changes the door lock to the door unlatching condition from the door closing condition. the auxiliary battery is arranged inside the door lock.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows three-dimensional view of door lock operation apparatus installed at vehicle door.    Door lock (5)
NOVELTY - Yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin film (1) formed on silicon nitride porous sintered compact (2) through an electrical conductive thin film forms composite material of zirconia.    USE - YSZ thin film is used as a gas sensor to detect gases such as oxygen in batteries.    ADVANTAGE - YSZ thin film is formed efficiently even without a pin hole. The negative bias voltage of pulse-like direct flow is impressed. YSZ film is formed quickly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of zirconia thin film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of composite material of zirconia thin film.    YSZ thin film (1)    Silicon nitride porous sintered compact (2)
NOVELTY - The catalytic reduction apparatus (10) has selective gas concentration measuring equipment (40) for the gas ejected from a catalytic reduction unit (20), which is supplied with the gas to be reduced from a processing unit (30). The concentration of either carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide in the ejected gas is measured.    USE - Used for steam reforming of methane, methanol synthesis, water gas shift reaction, oxidation and deoxidation reaction, CO hydrogenation reaction, methanation reaction, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates manufacturing of modification catalyst with high quality by reliably judging the reduction rate, reduction amount, reduction completion time with the aid of the selective gas concentration measurement equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic block diagram of catalytic reduction apparatus with selective gas concentration measurement equipment.    Catalytic reduction apparatus (10)    Catalytic reduction unit (20)    Processing unit (30)    Selective gas concentration measurement equipment (40)
NOVELTY - The cylinder type cells (7) each one provided with air pole, solid electrolyte layer, fuel electrode and inter connector are provided in a fuel battery. An inlet pipe supplies heating gas and oxidizing gas to the inner periphery of each cell. Exhaust air combustion chamber (37) burns unreacted gas in each cell. Air distributor is placed between cell array and combustion chamber.    USE - The cylindrical solid state electrolytic fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The heat shock caused in the cell is minimized. The temperature of the exhaust fuel combustion chamber can be controlled. The cylinder type solid electrolyte battery has good efficiency and durability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of cylindrical solid state electrolyte fuel battery.    Cylinder type cells (7)    Exhaust air combustion chamber (37)
NOVELTY - The fuel battery has several electricity generation cells (1) electrically connected to the collector boards (5,7). Load is added to the collector boards through the high rigid flat plate (21) on which a spacer (22) is installed, during electricity generation in the cells.    USE - In e.g. cylindrical type solid electrolytic fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since load is added to the collector board via the rigid flat plate and spacer is installed on the flat plate, concentration of load on collector board is eliminated thus the collector boards can be connected in parallel without deformation. The contact failure at the time of connecting several electricity generation cells is reduced thus highly efficient fuel battery can be obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An interconnector (19) is formed such that it extends axially to the cylindrical air flow line (10). A solid electrolyte layer (15) covers the air flow line where the interconnector does not exist in the axial direction vertical cross section. An outer electrode (17) is formed on the solid electrolyte layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the fuel battery.    Electricity generation cells (1)    Collector boards (5,7)    Air flow line (10)    Solid electrolyte layer (15)    Outer electrode (17)    Interconnector (19)    Flat plate (21)    Spacer (22)
NOVELTY - The composite electrode (10) has anode (11) and cathode (12) formed through electrolyte film (13). The composite electrodes are laminated through insulating separator (25) so that like poles oppose each other. The composite electrodes are connected serially through a wiring (26).    USE - In fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - As the gas passageways are formed between the electrodes, the distance between the electrodes are reduced. By the insulating separator, the contact of like poles of electrodes is prevented. By connecting electrodes serially, large emf can be obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram showing the composition of fuel battery.    Composite electrode (10)    Anode (11)    Cathode (12)    Electrolyte film (13)    Insulating separator (25)    Wiring (26)
NOVELTY - The cylindrical cell (1) is a laminate of air pole (13), solid electrolyte layer (15) and fuel electrode (17). The fuel electrode contacts with interconnector (19) which is contacted with collector board (35). Thermal expansion of the collector in its axial direction is suppressed.    USE - In cylindrical cell type solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Expansion and contraction of collector board is reduced. Thermal stress on the cell is relieved, thereby reducing the possibility of cell damaging. Durability and dependability of the battery are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of cell aggregate and front elevation of collector board.    Cylindrical cell (1)    Air pole (13)    Solid electrolyte layer (15)    Fuel electrode (17)    Interconnector (19)    Collector board (35)
NOVELTY - A collector terminal is attached to interconnector or fuel electrode. A feet like metallic fiber (2) is used for collector terminal. The thickness of felt like material is adjusted according to curvature of cylindrical cell (1).    USE - In cylindrical solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since thickness of felt like metallic fiber is adjusted suitably, uniform power generation is performed and also load is uniformly distributed to whole cell which improves strength and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An interconnector is formed axially on a cylindrical air pole. A solid electrolyte film is formed on air pole surface where interconnector is not arranged. A fuel electrode is formed on electrolyte film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of solid electrolyte type fuel cell.    Cylindrical cell (1)    Feet like metallic fiber (2)
NOVELTY - Fuel battery comprises multilayered cylindrical cell aggregate (3) comprising air introducing pipe (5), solid electrode layer, fuel electrode and inter connector (15). A rectification layer (23) is provided in a gas feed zone which supplies oxidizing gas or heating gas to flow path provided along cell periphery. Variation in the gas flow rate is made less than 5%.    USE - Solid electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The rectification layer is compact and uniformly supplies a heating gas and oxidizing agent gas in the cell aggregate. The fuel battery excels in efficiency. Electricity generating property of the battery is significantly improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional drawing of the electricity generating chamber of a solid electrolyte fuel battery.    Cylindrical cell aggregate (3)    Air introducing pipe (5)    Inter connector (15)    Rectification layer (23)
NOVELTY - A meal fibrous felt is attached as collector to interconnector or fuel electrode to tap the electrical energy. Thickness of the felt is adjusted based on the curvature of cylindrical cell. The interconnector and solid electrolyte film attached to fuel electrode are configured on either sides of air pole to constitute cylindrical cell.    USE - In solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Electricity generating efficiency, durability and dependability of the battery are improved. Density of the fibrous felt is made uniform and damaging of cells is restrained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial perspective diagram of solid electrolyte type fuel battery.
NOVELTY - Solid electrolyte interconnecting layers of zirconia group, ceria group, lanthanum chromite group and titanium group are formed on the surface of base material (4) by gas deposition method.    USE - For manufacture of solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since the solid electrolyte layers are clearly formed on the surface of base material, the battery is highly efficient and cost is reduced. Improved economical efficiency and hence the mass production property is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows solid electrolyte fuel battery.    Base material (4)
NOVELTY - Matrix (2) containing phosphoric acid is placed between fuel electrode (3) and air pole (4). A gas conduction path (7) and air conduction path (8) are formed below and above a fluororesin in permeation layer (10). Electrical energy is obtained by electrochemical reaction after discharging air to the gas conduction path and using phosphoric acid as electrolyte.    USE - In e.g. phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The electrical resistance of the phosphoric acid type fuel battery is reduced, hence battery has corrosion proof and leak proof property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional diagram of phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    Matrix (2)    Fuel electrode (3)    Air pole (4)    Gas conduction path (7)    Air conduction path (8)    Fluororesin permeation layer (10)
NOVELTY - The gas separator (1) has frame (2) surrounding the flat plate which accommodates several through-holes (4) for electron current lines. The height of the plate (5) is half of the frame and the flat plate. A space portion which accommodates the collector that contacts electrode surface of single cell, is formed on the frame.    USE - For solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - A gas separator of strong box-type which can wrap-up a single cell is obtained. Damage due to exposure of cell is prevented, and hence battery with high mechanical strength is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of gas separator.    Gas separator (1)    Frame (2)    Through-holes (4)    Plate (5)
NOVELTY - The separator (10) for fuel battery has a substrate (11) on which fluid paths (12,13) are formed. A protective layer (14) is formed on the substrate which is made of aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy.    USE - For solid polymeric type fuel battery used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and stability are improved. Generation of crack is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of separator.    Separator (10)    Substrate (11)    Fluid paths (12,13)    Protective layer (14)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbons such as town gas used as fuel and steam reforming is performed on the surface of anode which consists of nickel and cermet of yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni/YSZ).    USE - Solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Thermal efficiency is improved since internal reforming of hydrocarbons is carried out. Reduces temperature gradient and electricity variation of the cell and hence size of the battery is reduced. Reduces carbon precipitate and hence quality is improved.
NOVELTY - Heating gas and oxidizing agent gas are respectively supplied to the porous electrodes (12,13) comprising many holes. The size of the holes can be enlarged or reduced.    USE - Fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Durability of the fuel battery is enhanced by varying the size of the holes on the porous electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the fuel battery.    Porous electrodes (12,13)
NOVELTY - The fuel battery (30) has gas diffusion electrodes on both sides of an electrolyte film. Gas diffusion electrode (36) has a catalyst layer (36a) provided on electrolyte side and diffusion layer (36b) configured on collector side. Porous layers (41-43) laminated on diffusion layer so that the diameter of the pores formed in the layer decreases from diffusion layer side to the catalyst layer side.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of catalyst layer is improved as reaction gas, water and electrons and efficiently supplied to catalyst layer thereby improving energy efficiency of the fuel battery. As the diffusion layer is obtained by laminating a porous layer which has apertures with differing diameter the manufacture of fuel battery is simple.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the gas diffusion electrode of solid polymeric type fuel battery.    Solid polymeric type fuel battery (30)    Gas diffusion electrode (36)    Catalyst layer (36a)    Diffusion layer (36b)    Porous layers (41-43)
NOVELTY - A gas diffusion electrode (36) comprises catalyst layer (36a) provided on electrolyte side and diffusion layer (36b) comprising metal mesh or metal porous substance, provided on collector side. A water repellent layer (36c) is interposed between both the catalyst and diffusion layers. A pair of gas diffusion electrodes are joined to both sides of the electrolyte film.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Uniform heat is generated in the battery as diffused layer is made of a material of high heat conductivity, thereby improving output efficiency of the battery. As diffusion layer and collector are joined directly, electric contact with gas diffusion electrode and collector is made possible thereby improving battery output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the air pole of solid polymeric type fuel battery.    Gas diffusion electrode (36)    Catalyst layer (36a)    Diffusion layer (36b)    Water repellent layer (36c)
NOVELTY - The electrode body (1) is formed by winding a positive electrode (2) and a negative electrode (3) together with a porous polymer separator (4) between them so that the electrodes make no direct contact with each other. Tabs (5) are welded to each electrode and the other ends of the tabs are attached to an external terminal. The positive electrode contains a lithium metal oxide with the addition of carbon black to reduce the internal resistance of the battery. The negative electrode uses an amorphous carbon material or a carbon powder.    USE - To supply high output current for traction applications e.g. electric and hybrid vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Internal resistance of battery is reduced    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Perspective view of electrode    Electrode body (1)    positive electrode (2)    Negative electrode (3)    Separator (4)    Tabs (5)
NOVELTY - The lithium battery has a lead wire (10) connected at one end to either the positive or negative electrode and the other end to a metal rivet (11) fitted to an electrode disc (12) that seals the battery case (17). The disc (12) has a groove (13) that acts as a pressure releasing valve which bursts at a given pressure. An external terminal (15) is connected to the metal rivet (11) via the electrode disc (12). The battery case (17) is caulked with ethylene-propylene rubber (16) so that electrode disc can be electrically insulated from the battery case.    USE - To provide motive power for all-electric and hybrid electric vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Battery has high energy density    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Sectional view through lithium battery    Lead wire (10)    Rivet (11)    Disc (12)    Groove (13)    Terminal (15)    Rubber (16)    Case (17)
NOVELTY - A pitch adjusting device (7) is provided on a base plate at every set number of the connection portions for adjusting a deviation in position between the electrodes and holes (5) of the bus bars (6). A slit (8) opening is made at one edge of the base plate (2) and extends perpendicularly to its longitudinal direction. An escape hole (9) is formed at the other end of the slit, and a resilient portion (10) is formed by that part of the base plate (2) located at a side of the escape hole (9) opposite the slit (8). The escape hole (9) has a diameter sufficiently larger than the width of the slit (8).    USE - For connecting an assembly of so-called rectangular batteries in series.    ADVANTAGE - Can connect the electrodes if there is a small difference in pitches between them, so as to facilitate the mounting of the battery-connecting plate to the batteries as well as its production.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a plan view of a battery-connecting plate according to a first embodiment of the present invention.    holes (5)    bus bars (6)    pitch adjusting device (7)    slit (8)    escape hole (9)    resilient portion (10)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a number of charging units for charging a number of batteries having individual rental Ids. The charging units for batteries (55) and an ID reader for batteries (55) are disposed separately from each other.    USE - For handling a number of batteries for use in a rental system for motor-driven vehicles, and particularly to a battery charging apparatus and a battery returning apparatus suitable for a battery exchanger which allows used batteries to be exchanged for fully charged batteries anytime when needed.    ADVANTAGE - The ID reader can be shared by the number of charging units, and hence the number of the ID readers can be fewer than that of the charging units. Consequently, the battery charging apparatus may be small in size and cost. Furthermore, the ID reader disposed separately from the charging units is less susceptible to the heat generated by the charging units.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The card key system comprises the battery (55), an ID card (2), a card reader (60), and an assistance controller (50). The card reader (60) has the card insertion switch (65), which is mechanically turned on when the ID card (2) is inserted into a card slot (62), and has a break contact connected to a positive terminal of the battery (55) via fuses Fu1,Fu2). The card insertion switch (65) has a make contact connected to a central processor (67) for supplying electric energy. A relay RY1) is controlled by the central processor (67) for controlling electric energy supplied to a central processor (72) in the assistance controller (50).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for:    (a) a battery returning apparatus    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a block diagram of a card key system.    ID card (2)    assistance controller (50)    battery (55)    card reader (60)    card insertion switch (65)    central processor (67)    central processor (72)    fuses (Fu1,Fu2)    relay (RY1)
NOVELTY - A porous, electrically conductive gas diffusion structure for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, having a gas permeability gradient structure perpendicular to the membrane, is new.    USE - As an anode and/or cathode in a PEM fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The gas diffusion structure provides constant water balance equilibration in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) so that an additional moistening system is not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the above porous, electrically conductive structure.    Preferred Features: The gas diffusion structure consists of two sub-structures with different gas permeabilities, the sub-structure nearer the current collector plate having a lower gas permeability and lower pore volume density than the sub-structure nearer the membrane. The structure is produced from carbon fiber paper having near-surface pores which are partially closed by a thermoplastic, especially in the form of a film which is applied at elevated pressure and temperature onto the carbon fiber paper or in the form of a particle infiltration suspension. Alternatively, a low gas permeability may be achieved by applying, onto the carbon fiber paper surface, a layer of electrically conductive particles (especially carbon particles) and binder (especially fluorinated plastic) particles by spraying as a suspension and then drying and optionally sintering.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a preferred gas diffusion structure according to the invention.    Current collection plate (1)    Gas distribution channel structure (2)    Thermoplastic film (3)    Carbon fiber paper (4)    Catalyst-containing electrode (5)    Polymer electrolyte membrane (6)
NOVELTY - The energy-accumulating and power takeoff drive mechanism has an energy-accumulating power takeoff additionally used between the engine clutch and speed variator, and the energy-accumulating clutch and driver are arranged between energy-accumulating compressor and energy-accumulating power takeoff. The energy-accumulating power takeoff can drive electric generator and energy-accumulating compressor for saving and accumulating energy When car runs by means of the energy-accumulating power takeoff, its speed can be flexibly controlled.    USE -   For car.    ADVANTAGE -   Low consumption of fuel, less abrasion of mechanical parts and high running safety.
NOVELTY - The multilayer electrolyte film (1) has a hole of three dimensional communicating property on at least one electrolyte layer except the double-sided electrolyte layer.    USE - For solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Water retention of the electrolyte increases and there is a high output by reduction of the resistance over voltage of the fuel battery as a result of the hole with three dimensional communicating property on the electrolyte film. Increase of membrane resistance resulting from reduction of water content can be suppressed as a result of the multilayer electrolyte film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the porous electrolyte provided with hole.    Multilayer electrolyte film (1)
NOVELTY - The method involves measuring the ripple voltage present in the battery supply line when the engine is running, comparing the ripple voltage to a range of preset reference characteristic acceptable values, determined by an allowable extent of battery deterioration before issuing a signal or by a nominal setting that best fits the motor vehicle, and lastly providing an indication when the ripple voltage exceeds a range of preset values.    USE - For monitoring condition of liquid electrolyte level, level of positive and negative plate deterioration and terminal contact condition of motor vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE - Monitoring process does not degrade battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The ripple voltage generated by the vehicle alternator or loads to which the battery is connected, indicates the liquid electrolyte level, electrode plate deterioration and terminal contact condition. The monitoring deice is connected through the vehicle's cigarette lighter socket to monitor the ripple voltage and compare it with the reference characteristic that may be a non-varying DC reference or a tracking reference characteristic such as a voltage signal or digital data within a microcontroller. Battery condition is indicated to the driver by an LED or 12V DC buzzer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a system adapted for implementing a battery monitor circuit in a car through a cigarette lighter socket.
NOVELTY - Treatment of a feed gas containing carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) comprises reacting the CO with oxygen (O2) in the presence of an iridium catalyst dispersed on a refractory inorganic oxide carrier, such that a product gas is produced with a volumetric content of CO that is less than that of the feed gas.    USE - For reducing the amount of CO in an H2-rich gaseous mixture by preferential oxidation of CO, e.g. in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - An H2-rich gas stream is produced with a CO content reduced to a level suitable for use in a fuel cell. The stream is produced economically and efficiently, and the method can be incorporated into a vehicle power plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) an improvement in the treatment of a feed gas as above by providing an iridium catalyst supported on a refractory oxide carrier and activating the catalyst by contacting with a gaseous medium comprising H2 and methanol, where the amount of H2 is greater than that of methanol, at an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to cause the dominant X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) peak of the iridium to shift towards a value which corresponds to iridium in the metallic state; and    (ii) a fuel cell system comprising a source of stream containing H2 and CO that is H2-rich on a volume basis compared to CO, a device for selectively oxidizing the CO in the stream, containing a reactor, an iridium catalyst and a heat transfer medium, and a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of stacked substrate members having a layer of refractory oxide carrying an iridium catalyst used in the process.
NOVELTY - The electrochemical cell has porous support plates including a contact bilayer adjacent electrodes sandwiching an electrolyte. The bilayer comprises a hydrophobic phase to facilitate gas transfer and restrict liquid absorption through a network of hydrophobic gas passages in the layer, and a hydrophilic phase to facilitate liquid transfer through of hydrophilic liquid passages.    USE - The cell can be used in cell stacks used for fuel or electrolysis cells, especially fuel cells for use in transport vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Cell capacitance is increased (claimed), and fluid transport and transient response capability (needed for short duration acceleration of a vehicle) are both improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell with the same structure as that above but comprising a proton exchange membrane in place of the electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross section of the fuel cell.    Anode (16)    Cathode (20)    Proton exchange membrane (30)    Bilayers (44, 48)    Hydrophilic regions (52, 56)    Hydrophobic regions (54, 58)    Water feed channels (64, 70)
NOVELTY - Network of positive and negative leads made of grounded metal electrodes is organized above natural power source formed due to electrochemical processes occurring at point where it contacts graphite-containing rock; then mentioned electrodes are connected to potential- summing devices which enable raising voltage to user-desired level.    USE - Construction of environmentally oriented power stations.    ADVANTAGE - Off-line operation, uninterrupted power generation, facilitated setting up in difficult-to-get-at regions. 3 cl, 4 dwg
NOVELTY - The electrolyte film (1) has porous electrolyte layer (2) with hole of three directional communication property on at least one surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrolyte film manufacturing method, which involves applying the solvent which contains electrolyte dissolved with alcohol on at least one surface of electrolyte film. The electrolyte film is immersed in organic solvent which has polar groups other than alcoholic group.    USE -   For electrochemical apparatus (claimed) such as solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery, direct methanol type fuel battery, water electrolyzing apparatus and brine electrolyzing tank.    ADVANTAGE -   By the electrolyte layer, the contact area of boundary surface of electrolyte film increases by which the substantial reaction portion increases.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows cross-section of electrolyte film. (1) Electrolyte film; (2) Porous electrolyte layer.
NOVELTY - The system includes a water electrolyzer (1) and solar energy system (2). A warm water formation apparatus produces warm water using solar energy. The temperature of electrolyzer is adjusted by supplying warm water to electrolyzer. After adjusting the temperature, electrolysis of water is carried out. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrolyzer and warm water formation apparatus are integrated to the backside of solar panel. The hydrogen generated during electrolysis is absorbed by hydrogen absorbing alloy and is heated with warm water during hydrogen usage.    USE -   For hydrogen generation and fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   Since the temperature of electrolyzer is maintained, electrolysis of water is performed efficiently. Problems of over-hydration in life span is prevented. Since the warm water formation apparatus is integrated to backside of solar panel, temperature rise of solar panel is restrained. By small installation and by minimizing length of power line, the process becomes economical. High hydrogen storage and high utilization of warm water is carried out by using warm water for desorbing hydrogen from hydrogen absorbing alloy. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of water electrolysis system. (1) Electrolyzer; ; (2) Solar energy system.
NOVELTY - A power storage system has a water electrolyzer (1), a solar power generator, a hydrogen storage apparatus (12) and a fuel battery (4). Warm water from the fuel battery is supplied to the water electrolyzer whose temperature is adjusted to that of warm water. Hydrogen liberated by warm water electrolysis is stored in the hydrogen storage apparatus and supplied to the fuel battery for electric power generation.    USE -   For power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature of the electrolytic cell can be controlled efficiently using warm water. The power storage system has long life. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the power storage system. (1) Water electrolyzer; (2) Solar panel; (4) Fuel battery; (5) Water jacket; (6) Hot water storage tank; (9) Hydrogen piping; (10) Warm water piping; (12) Hydrogen absorbing alloy containing storage tank.
NOVELTY - A mixture of nickel particles and thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, is subjected to melt spinning and extrusion molded to form green fiber (17), hardened by ultraviolet irradiation (18) and made to lose thermoplasticity. Fiber is cut short, added to foam regulator and binder in water, to form slurry which is formed into green tape, dried and sintered in reduced atmosphere.    USE - For nickel hydrogen battery manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - Nickel hydrogen battery is manufactured inexpensively without fuzz of nickel fiber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The nickel particles are unevenly distributed on top layer of the obtained product.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows manufacture of nickel perforated panel.    Green fiber (17)    Ultraviolet rays (18)
NOVELTY - Metal powder blended thermoplastic resin green fiber (17) produced by extrusion molding is hardened by ultraviolet rays (18). The hardened fiber is cut into short fibers and stirred in water content foaming agents, using stirrer. The slurry is frothed in liquor containing dispersing agent and mixed to a green tape, which is then degreased and sintered in reducible atmosphere.    USE - For manufacture of anode of nickel hydrogen batteries, collector board of high temperature solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables obtaining panels which are durable due to sintering in reduced atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mass for extrusion molding is prepared by mixing a metal powder with thermoplastic resins, like polypropylene or polyethylene.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view of green tape being extruded.    Green fiber (17)    Ultraviolet rays (18)
NOVELTY - Expanded graphite particles have a bulk specific gravity of 0.3-0.8.    USE -   As negative electrode material for negative electrode of lithium secondary battery. The negative electrode is formed by coating the negative electrode material on a negative electrode collector (all claimed). Lithium secondary battery is used in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The expanded graphite offers high charging and discharging capacity equivalent to that of conventional expanded graphite. The orientation of the graphite particles towards the collector surface is suppressed, thereby improving cycle characteristic of the battery.
NOVELTY - The battery (11) functioning as the power supply is set at one side of the seat (2) of the electric wheelchair (1) which has two wheels (7) driven by an electric motor (12).    USE -   For electric wheelchair.    ADVANTAGE -   Allows passenger to handle the battery while sitting on the wheelchair. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the electric wheelchair. (1) Electric wheelchair; (2) Seat; (7) Wheels; (11) Battery; (12) Electric motor.
NOVELTY - A detector detects when the low speed running period of a motor (4) exceeds predetermined period. An operation detector detects the operation state of an air conditioner (41). Starting of an engine is initiated quickly based on remaining amount of charge in a battery (5). When the motor runs at low speed and the air conditioner is detected to be in operating state.    USE -   Hybrid motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents deterioration of fuel consumption characteristics caused by inferior starting of engine when battery charge is insufficient. The engine is started reliably by appropriate current supply to the generator from the battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the drive system of a hybrid motor vehicle. (4) Motor; (5) Battery; (41) Air conditioner.
NOVELTY - L-shaped holder is formed to each corner of spaced apart pressure plates (4a,4b) using bolts (61). Each bolt fastens the holder to one corner surface of the pressure plate perpendicularly to laminate direction of separator (1), between the two pressure plates.    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the assembly of fuel battery is made easy and light weight, by using the L-shaped holder, improvement in workability is attained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of the fuel battery. (1) Separator; (4a,4b) Pressure plates; (61) Bolts.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery (100) has a laminate composed of rectangular separator (1), terminal boards (2a,2b), insulators (3a,3b) and pressure plates (4a,4b). A notch (5) is provided along both the edges of the laminate.    USE -   For power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   The fuel battery is small and light-weight. Easy assembly and repair of the fuel battery is enabled since the electrodes and other components of the laminate are interchangeable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing illustrating the electrode unit and separator of the fuel battery. (100) Fuel battery; (1) Rectangular separator; (2a,2b) Terminal boards; (3a,3b) Insulators; (4a,4b) Pressure plates; (5) Notch.
NOVELTY - An energy converter converts neutral energy into electrical energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The energy converter has: (a) an electrode cell I containing at least one oxidation reduction activated species; and (b) an electrode cell II containing at least one oxidation reduction activated species. The oxidation species in I and the reduction species reversibly react with a hydrogen ion and a hydric acid ion. The oxidation reduction electric potential is varied by the concentration of the hydrogen ion. The oxidation reduction electric potential of the electrode cell II is present in the range varying the electrode electric potential of the electrode cell I by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.    USE -   The energy converter converts the neutral energy in the electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE -   The use of the energy converter converts the neutral energy into the electrical energy.
NOVELTY - A coal gasification/fuel battery combined cycle power generation plant, uses gas released from coal gasifier (3) as fuel for fuel battery (6). The rate of carbon precipitation of the gas released by coal gasification is suppressed by a reaction rate suppression system (cooler) (20) before it is supplied to the fuel battery.    USE - For power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of the power plant is increased as a result of suppressing the rate of carbon precipitation from carbon monoxide in the coal gasification gas using the reaction rate suppression system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A coal gasification fuel battery combined cycle power generation plant has a gas turbine unit which comprises an air compressor, combustor and gas turbine. A steam turbine unit which is driven by the exhaust heat from gas turbine unit is also included. A fuel supply system (1) supplies the gas released by coal gasification (by partial oxidation of coal in coal gasifier) to the combustor of gas turbine unit after passing through a dust removal apparatus (4), a desulfurizing apparatus (5) and the fuel battery. A reaction rate suppression system such as a cooler, for suppression of the rate of carbon precipitation of the coal gasification gas, is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Block diagram of fuel supply system of combined cycle power generation plant.    Fuel supply system (1)    Coal gasifier (3)    Dust remover (4)    De-sulfurizer (5)    Solid electrolyte fuel battery (SOFC) (6)    Reaction rate suppressor (cooler) (20)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a recovery unit (26) to recover exhaust heat from hot exhaust gas and a cooling water waste heat recovery unit (A) to recover heat from cooling water ejected from water cooling unit (7). A thermal output unit (B) obtains hot thermal output from the recovered exhaust heat of recovery unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Heating gas and oxygen containing gas are supplied to electricity generation portion (3) where electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen is performed. A cooling unit (7) cools water in electricity generation portion (3) with supply of cooling water.    USE -   For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Utilization factor of the battery is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery apparatus. (3) Electricity generation portion; (7) Water cooling unit; (26) Recovery unit; (A) Heat recovery unit; (B) Thermal output unit.
NOVELTY - The inter connector film comprises (La(1-x)Cax) and chromic oxide, where x = 0-0.4. Film thickness (t) and dimension (D) of the particles in the surface of the film satisfies expression D/tat most1. Film thickness (t) and dimension (D') of the film in cross direction of the film satisfies relation D'/tat most1.    USE - As inter connector for solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The inter connector film excels in minute property.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte holding material of the molten carbonate type fuel battery (MCFC) which reduces the reducer concentration in an electrolyte comprises metallic oxide of group-III metal like zinc or lead and/or group XI metals like rare earth metals.    USE - Used in the MCFC (a negative electrode).    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte maintenance material prevents internal short cut in MCFC by the elution and precipitation with the metallic element of the air pole material (a positive electrode).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the electrolyte used in the molten carbonate type fuel battery.
NOVELTY - An unit cell (12) having anode and cathode (13,15) separated by an electrolyte board (14), is accommodated between a pair of housings (16). A bead-like seal unit (5) is provided to a metal substrate having foamed rubber on one side or both sides.    USE -   For sealing fuel batteries like phosphoric acid type battery, solid polymer electrolyte battery, solid electrolyte type battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The handling of gasket is easy and size of battery is not increased even when several unit cells are laminated. The gasket can be strongly closed and seal property is improved. Prevents slack occurrence in fastening bolt and good contact pressure is secured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows principal part sectional diagram of mounting structure of gasket. (5) Seal unit; (12) Unit cell; (13) Anode; (14) Electrolyte board; (15) Cathode; (16) Housing.
NOVELTY - A sulfonic acid group solid polymer electrolyte film (1) supported by a pair of electrodes including a cathode (2a) and an anode (2b) in an electrode unit (10) provided with separators (3a,3b) on both sides. The circumference of thin film is crosslinked to seal a heating gas and an oxidizing agent gas using the crosslinking joints (1a).    USE - For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Volume change does not occur due to water absorption since the heating gas and the oxidizing agent gas are sealed using crosslinking joints. No tear of electrolyte film is generated even when pressure difference is generated between the heating gas and the oxidizing agent gas since the strength is increased with the crosslinking joints.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heating gas flows on one side of the electrode unit along flow paths (9). The oxidizing gas flows on the other side of the electrode unit along flow paths (6).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is the schematic sectional view of a solid polymeric electrolyte type fuel battery cell.    Solid polymeric electrolyte film (1)    Crosslinking part (1a)    Cathode (2a)    Anode (2b)    Separators (3a,3b)    Oxidizing gas flow path (6)    Heating gas flow path (9)    Electrode unit (10)
NOVELTY - The separator has a thin metallic plate which has a gas passageway formed with grooves (13) between partitions (11) for inflow of heating gas into a central fuel path. A spacer (12) is joined through an adhesive (2) to the end side partitions which are formed with wall (14) to prevent the overflow of adhesive into the groove from upper side.    USE - For manufacture of solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The productivity of solid polymeric type fuel batteries become favorable by joining a spacer with an adhesive to the end side partitions of a thin metallic plate which has a gas passageway formed with grooves between partitions. The separator becomes small and easy to handle. Utility as a solid polymeric fuel battery is large.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional outline showing the gas passageway of separator.    Adhesive (2)    Partitions (11)    Spacer (12)    Groove (13)    Wall (14)
NOVELTY - The battery has a support film cell (7) made of a YSZ zirconia sintered compact solid electrolyte layer (4) doped with yttria formed on a cemented porous fuel electrode sheet (5) and cladded with an air pole (6). The cell is fixed between an alloy separator (1) and a ceramic manifold (2) between which a gas seal (9) is interposed to form a composite separator (3).    USE - For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - A low temperature operation is possible and an excellent heat cycle characteristic can be obtained, since the support film type cell is fixed between an alloy separator and a ceramic manifold between which a gas seal is interposed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several oxidizing agent flow grooves (1b) are formed on the undersurface of the alloy separator which meets the top of the air pole. A indentation (11) for accommodating the cell is formed almost in the central part of the ceramic manifold which meets the undersurface of the fuel electrode. Several fuel gas flow grooves (2b) are formed at the bottom of the indentation opposing the undersurface of the fuel cell. The support film type cell and the composite separator are alternately laminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    Alloy separator (1)    Oxidizing agent gas flow groove (1b)    Ceramic manifold (2)    Fuel gas flow groove (2b)    Composite separator (3)    Solid electrolyte layer (4)    Fuel electrode sheet (5)    Air pole (6)    Support film cell (7)    Gas seal (9)    Indentation (11)
NOVELTY - A separator (2) for fuel batteries is manufactured by molding a mixture of expanded graphite powder, and silicon or silicon containing compound dispersed in a resin.    USE - For fuel batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The separator has sufficient electrical resistance, impermeability to gas, absorptivity and mechanical strength. The separator has improved moldability.
NOVELTY - The electrical power generators has a corrosion resistant, electrically conductive film (11) covering at least a part of the power generation space in which electrochemical reactions occur.    USE - In electrical power generators such as dry cells, coin type battery, fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The resistance due to electric contact between construction elements of the battery is suppressed by the provision of the electrically conductive film covering, thereby increasing efficiency of the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of electrical power generators.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of manganese dry battery.    Electrically conductive film (11)
NOVELTY - The air pole in solid electrolyte type fuel battery comprising lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), praseodymium (Pr) and samarium (Sm), is expressed by the formula (Ln1-xSrx)1-a MnO3, 0.18at mostxat most0.21, 0 less than aat most0.03, where Ln=La, Ce, Nd, Pr and Sm.    USE - For solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The conductive ceramic has high electricity generation characteristic and can be used for the production of cell at low cost as it comprises La, Ce, Nd, Pr and Sm.
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises a process chamber (3) for cleaning hydrogen gas. Impure gas is fed (1) into the chamber via a control valve (2) and detector. The detector measures any impurities in the incoming stream and cuts off the feed and outlet (5) while the process chamber removes them.    USE - Removal of carbon monoxide from hydrogen gas streams (claimed) used to feed fuel cells. Other gases including hydrogen sulfide may also be removed.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus avoids the need for the impurity removal to be part of the fuel cell thus simplifying the apparatus. The process does not require the continual injection of small amounts of oxygen into the anode of the cell thus degrading its performance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic of a single chamber processing apparatus.    Impure hydrogen inlet (1)    Purified hydrogen outlet (5)    Absorption chamber (3)    Absorbent (4)    Oxidant gas feed (8)    Outlet for removal of impurities (9)    Control valves (2,6,7,10)
NOVELTY - A unit cell comprises a pair of electrodes, each having a catalytic layer and a gas diffusion layer; an electrolyte layer placed between the electrodes; a separator provided outside one electrode and including a passage for delivering fuel gas to the electrode; and a separator provided outside the other electrode and including a passage for delivering oxidant gas to the electrode.    USE - None given.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Such unit cells are stacked to form a fuel cell. At least any of the catalytic layer, the gas diffusion layer and the surface of the passage have repellency. This fuel cell exhibits desirable characteristics.
NOVELTY - Battery relay switches (15,16) are provided in each battery banks (1,2) to change electrical connection of respective batteries (3,4),(5,6) from series connection to parallel and from parallel to series. The battery relay switches are controlled by a computer to alternate connection of batteries back and forth so as to create higher potential at one side and lower potential at other side, simultaneously.    USE - For electric motors and alternators.    ADVANTAGE - Since electric connection of batteries in each bank are simultaneously changed, current flow at equilibrium is achieved. Since battery bank can be disconnected by cycle relay when exceeding maximum change, the batteries can be protected from overcharging regardless of current direction. The cycle relay confirms the battery banks for heavy loads and the hill climbing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery bank (1) is connected to the other bank (2) via cycle relay (17). Each bank has a positive terminals (7,9) and negative terminals (8,10) such that voltage potential exists between terminals of each bank creates a voltage difference between the two banks. Output terminals (12,13) of a load (11) are connected to the negative terminals, whose positive terminals are directly connected each other.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the battery bank arrangement.    Battery banks (1,2)    Batteries (3-6)    Positive terminals (7,9)    Negative terminals (8,10)    Load (11)    Output terminals (12,13)    Battery relay switches (15,16)    Cycle relay (17)
NOVELTY - The lead acid battery has side terminals (70) that are adapted to directly receive a charging cable lead (90). The wall of the terminal has two diametrically opposed vertical slots (72,74) that fit a U-shaped lead clip (90). The electrical connection is made by simply sliding the clip into the side terminal slots    USE - To simplify connections to battery charger and minimize time and effort of charging batteries during production    ADVANTAGE - Reduces manufacturing costs of battery    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a method of charging a side terminal battery    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Partial cut-away view of side battery terminal    Side terminals (70)    Slots (72,74)    Clip (90)
NOVELTY - The vent manifold (250) is mounted on top of a cylindrical body portion (260) and has two outlets with barbed tubular extensions (320,340) to facilitate the fitting of flexible plastic pipes. After the manifold is located in place it is spin welded to the battery vent structure by rotating the manifold about its central axis while applying a downward force. The manifold has an internal chamber that is large enough to house a conventional battery flame arrester and over pressure safety valve.    USE - Venting system for lead acid battery used in starting, lighting, and ignition functions    ADVANTAGE - Adjacent batteries can be interconnected with flexible tubing for venting gases away from the battery    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a method of attaching a vent mechanism to a battery case    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Cross section through vent manifold    Manifold (250)    Body portion (260)    Outlets (320,340)
NOVELTY - Heat transport apparatus for a battery cell has a terminal (19) with an outer surface, and an inner surface defining a bore. A thermal conductor (37) is partially disposed on the bore. An electrically insulating layer (46) is disposed between at least the outer surface of the thermal conductor and the inner surface of the terminal.    USE - For batteries used in a spacecraft or electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is light in weight, of relatively simple construction, and is highly efficient in controlling the temperature of the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of heat transfer using the above heat transport apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the battery.    Cell terminal (19)    Thermal conductor (37)    Insulating layer (46)    Second thermally conductive adhesive layer (64 first adhesive layer (79)
NOVELTY - A turbo electrical power generating device has an AC generator (9) that is directly coupled to an electricity generating turbine (8). A controller (10) regulates a DC voltage rectified from the output voltage of the AC generator, to a required charging voltage which is regenerated to a secondary battery (5).    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids trouble to inherent operation of turbo supercharging apparatus. Improves fuel consumption during a continuous run. Secures rotation of turbine of turbo supercharging apparatus. Enhances accuracy of hybrid motor vehicle. Protects turbo electrical power generating device from fault rotation reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The turbine (61) of a turbo supercharging apparatus (6) absorbs the exhaust gas energy of an internal combustion engine (1). The turbo supercharging apparatus has a compressor (62) that is directly coupled to the turbine and which compresses air for the intake supercharging of an internal combustion engine. A three-phase alternating current machine (2) is linked directly to the internal combustion engine which is controlled by an inverter (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the profile diagram of the drive unit of the hybrid motor vehicle.    Internal combustion engine (1)    Three-phase alternating current machine (2)    Inverter (4)    Secondary battery (5)    Turbo supercharging apparatus (6)    Electricity generating turbine (8)    AC generator (9)    Controller (10)    Turbine (61)    Compressor (62)
NOVELTY - A controller operates a drive system to stop the driving of a motor when a driving stoppage threshold value becomes below the value set up corresponding to the remaining charge amount of a battery. A driving stoppage threshold value in an acceleration area is set up lower than the driving stoppage threshold value in a non-accelerating area.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents generation of sudden stalling condition midway through a passing run condition, thus enhancing safety on a run. Secures a favorable startability of engine since the engine can be reliably started by the voltage supplied from the battery to a generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the control flowchart of the hybrid motor vehicle.
NOVELTY - Strontium doped lanthanum chromite powder is obtained by complex polymerization of lanthanum, strontium and chromium to form complex. Subsequently thermolysis of complex is carried out to form La1-x Srx+y CrO3, where x = 0-0.4 and y = 0-0.1.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the interconnector for solid electrolyte fuel batteries in which the calcination temperature (Te) of the strontium doped lanthanum chromite powder is 1400-1500C.    USE -   Used as an interconnector solid electrolyte fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The strontium doped lanthanum chromite powder has good electronic conductivity.
NOVELTY - A supplement electric power supply is installed in a motor vehicle so that during stoppage of vehicle, the electric products in the vehicle utilize the power supply.    USE -   For electrical products in motor vehicles e.g. car. Also the motor vehicle is used as dwelling, cella, office during stoppage.    ADVANTAGE -   The supplement electric power supply is installed in a motor vehicle for the electric products usage during the vehicle stoppage position. The generation of exhaust gas or noise is prevented.
NOVELTY - Control circuit (3) operates a switching transistor (12) to bypass a voltage reduction circuit (2) and to directly supply the voltage output from constant voltage generator (1) to a control unit (4) when ignition switch (8) is turned ON. Control circuit releases the bypass of circuit (2) so that voltage from generator (1) is reduced and output to control unit via circuit (2) when the switch is turned OFF.    USE - For components such as airconditioner in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies circuit components and reduces the number of parts by using single constant voltage supply circuit irrespective of whether the ignition switch is turned ON or OFF. Reduces power consumption even when the ignition switch is in the ON state. Saves space and reduces the supply voltage with less number of components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the power supply circuit.    Voltage generation circuit (1)    Voltage reduction circuit (2)    Control circuit (3)    Control unit (4)    Ignition switch (8)    Switching transistor (12)
NOVELTY - The catalyst which modifies the fuel in a gas containing hydrogen, contains an organic compound. Catalysts (1,2) are configured in the upstream side and downstream side, respectively in the fuel flow path. Catalyst (1) contains a base metal oxide and noble metals. Catalyst (2) contains base metal oxide.    USE -   For generation of hydrogen used in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The fuel modification catalyst improves the generation of hydrogen and suppresses the occurrence of carbon monoxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the structure of fuel modification catalyst. (1,2) Catalysts.
NOVELTY - The process control (40) responds to the feed back of output demand. The pressure of oxygen supplied to the fuel battery (10) is taken as a parameter correspondingly regulated. The amount of water vapor in the heating gas supplied is considered as another parameter and direct control of the influence of water formation in the fuel battery is carried out. The output of the battery is secured.    USE -   To regulate operation of fuel battery with response to feedback on output demand.    ADVANTAGE -   Time lag in response to feedback is prevented. Formation of water leading to fault in battery is prevented by controlling the parameters based on output demand. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the control process of fuel battery. (10) Fuel battery; (40) Process control.
NOVELTY - The positive and negative electrodes are wound in the form of whorl (7) and separated by separator and kept in the cylindrical armored can (1). The height of the cylinder is smaller compared to diameter of the top surface of the battery.    USE -   Used in power tools and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The operating voltage and the discharge capacity at the time of heavy current discharge is improved because the collector is attached to the outer surface of the top of the battery with large area. Since the ratio of height to diameter of cylindrical battery is 0.5 times or less even if the battery size is large, heat inside the battery is suppressed. In the case of battery with negative electrode containing hydrogen absorbing alloy, very remarkable performance is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of example of the nickel-hydrogen battery. (1) Cylindrical armored can; (7) Whorl.
NOVELTY - Polyester film is used as the electrolyte in the solid polymeric type fuel battery (20). The plate type modifier (22) consists of reform chamber and adjacent heating chamber. The waste gas of heating chamber is carried to entrance side of the heating chamber by waste gas recycle line (24).    USE -   For drive of electricity generation installation.    ADVANTAGE -   High temperature operation is not involved and heat exchange of combustion gas and oxidizing gas is not used. Hence the load responsiveness and thermal efficiency are improved. Since plate type modifier has reform chamber and heating chamber next to one another, pressure loss is low. The steam requirement of waste gas steam generator is reduced, and a steam generator is made compact. Since the pump head of blower is only portion of the pressure loss of combustor and modifier heating chamber, power required is less. Combustor temperature is reduced by recycle of outlet waste gas of heating chamber to entrance side and NOx is reduced with cost reduction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of solid polymeric type fuel battery. (20) Fuel battery; (22) Modifier; (24) Waste gas recycle line.
NOVELTY - The battery consists of a solid polymer electrolyte film (9) whose both sides are provided with a fuel pole and an oxidizing agent pole. A thin metal plate separator (1) containing grooves is provided. A reaction gas flow path is provided between the fuel pole and the oxidizing agent pole. A sheet-like seal member (2) containing manifold holes is provided in the separator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The grooves which are in the shape of parallel waveform, formed by press stamping, are present in the central part at both sides of the separator. The seal member supplies and ejects reaction gas. A cooling unit is provided in the contact part of the seal member.    USE -   For power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Weight of the battery is reduced. Reliability, mass production, stabilization over long period of time and operating characteristics of the battery are enhanced. Maintenance of the battery is easy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross-sectional diagram of the solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery. (1) Separator; (2) Seal member; (9) Solid polymer electrolyte film.
NOVELTY - The solid polymer electrolyte film has thin film of proton conductivity and has very low membrane resistance of 0.07 OMEGAcm. The film is 50 m thick and film strength is of 8N or more.    USE -   For solid polymer fuel battery as power source used in space exploration, military objective, motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The thin film electrolyte of high strength and low membrane resistance is obtained. As the amount of electrolyte film used is decreased, fuel battery with improved electricity generation efficiency is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the graph representing strength of polymeric electrolyte film and relationship of membrane resistance.
NOVELTY - The separator has a rib (1) made of graphite in which resin is dispersed. The rib is integrally molded with a flat plate (2).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of fuel battery separator.    USE -   For separating heating gas and oxidizing gas in a fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The separator excels in gas impermeability and electrical conductivity. The separator is lightweight. The battery properties are stabilized even when the separator is used for a long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of fuel battery separator. (1) Rib; (2) Flat plate.
NOVELTY - The separator is formed by dispersing 3-1.8 g/cm or 0.6 g/cm of graphite powder in resin.    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Separator having excellent electrical resistance and mechanical strength can be obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the perspective diagram of separator for fuel batteries.
NOVELTY - The separator (9b) contains graphite powder, with mean particle diameter of 50 m or more which is dispersed in resin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for separator manufacturing method.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Excellent electrical resistance, gas permeable liquid swelling property, economical efficiency and mechanical strength can be attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the perspective diagram of separator for fuel batteries.
NOVELTY - The separator has carbon material dispersed in phenol resin cured substance which is hardened by ring type polymerization.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for separator manufacturing method.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Excellent electrical resistance, gas permeable liquid swelling property, economical efficiency and mechanical strength is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the perspective view of separator for fuel battery.
NOVELTY - Electrode separators (111,114) and cooling separators (113) have guide grooves (124) formed on their contact surface with a polymeric cell composite to pass heating gas, oxidizing gas and cooling gas. Through holes are formed along the separator periphery to pass the fluids. Connection between groove and the through holes are mutually different for selectively passing the fluids via corresponding grooves.    USE -   For solid polymeric fuel battery used as energy converter.    ADVANTAGE -   A flow pattern is enabled for the different fluids so that deviation of a cell in-plane temperature distribution is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows disassembling isometric view of a units cell in the solid polymeric type fuel battery. (111) Anode side; (113) Cooling separators; (114) Cathode side; (124) Guide grooves.
NOVELTY - The thin film covering the plate surface of lead storage battery has penetration portion (13).    USE -   For lead storage battery used in motor vehicles, industries etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The diffusion of water is not inhibited so that accumulation of gas is prevented and sulfuric acid concentration is stable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows shapes of penetration portion in thin film. (13) Penetration portion.
NOVELTY - A plate is subjected to spinning in such a way that periphery part is screwed to form a base-like cylinder (1). The cylinder surface is processed so that it becomes thin.    USE -   For use in electric vehicle or hybrid car.    ADVANTAGE -   Welding operation is eliminated in large-sized battery case and the durability of the battery is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the structure of secondary battery case. (1) Cylinder.
NOVELTY - Charging and discharging switch relays (61,62) are respectively provided for capacitor groups (71,72). When switch relay (61) connects capacitor group (71) to discharge circuit (10), switch relay (62) connects capacitor group (72) to charging circuit (11) during voltage measurement of capacitor groups.    USE -   For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The discharging and charging switch relays enables efficiently performing an in-transit charging. The load of battery group is reduced extremely. Hence power supply circuit for supplying power to motor regardless of size of ESR of capacitor and battery is offered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model diagram of power supply circuit. (10) Discharging circuit; (11) Charging circuit; (61,62) Switch relays; (71,72) Capacitor groups.
NOVELTY - A heater (13) performs heating of canister (12), in order to purge the evaporated fuel absorbed by canister. A sensor (S3) is used to detect remnant charge of capacitor (3). An electronic controller (11) supplies regenerated electric power of motor (M), to the heater when output of sensor is more than preset threshold value.    USE -   For canister in hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Purging is possible irrespective of amount of remnant charge of capacitor. Energy consumption is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of hybrid vehicle. (3) Capacitor; (11) Electronic controller; (12) Canister; (13) Heater; (M) Motor; (S3) Sensor.
NOVELTY - A polar switching unit (5) connects the condenser cell selected by a selector (4) with the voltage compensation condenser (6) forming a charge transfer path between them. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A central processing unit (9) controls the condenser cell selector (4) and polar switching unit (5) based on the voltage of each condenser cell, so that the combination of condenser cell and condenser (6) are selected alternately by the time division. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for condenser voltage controller.    USE -   For hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   A quick charge transfer is made in the condenser cell with a low terminal voltage. The voltage of each condenser cell is equalized, quickly. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the condenser voltage controller. (4) Selector; (5) Polar switching unit; (6) Voltage compensation condenser; (9) CPU.
NOVELTY - The control unit (5) controls the driving and regeneration of motor (M) which generates regenerative braking power during the slowing down of the vehicle. The sub-battery (Bs) installed to the car operates the control unit and charges the main battery (Bm) with the regeneration electric power. The driving of the motor by the main battery is started only after the sub-battery is completely discharged.    USE -   For electric vehicles like cars.    ADVANTAGE -   Flight range of the vehicle is increased as additional power is provided by the sub-battery. No waiting time for charging an empty main battery, as sub-battery can be connected and used immediately. Electric power of main battery can be saved as, main battery is used only when the sub battery is completely discharged. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electric vehicle. (5) Control unit; (Bm) Main battery; (Bs) Sub-battery; (M) Motor.
NOVELTY - Procedure involves placement of the items or assemblies to be cooled in contact with a thin, deformable wall (1) that acts as a wall for heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid.    USE - Temperature regulation housing for use in maintaining the temperature of a number of objects placed inside it of particular application for housing the batteries used in electric vehicles, where the housing also serves to protect the cells from external shocks etc.    ADVANTAGE - Previous housings have fixed heat transfer walls rather than deformable ones which over a period of time leads to a degradation of the heat transfer function because of cracking or deformation of the material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is made for a device for controlling the temperature of a number of items or objects, where the objects (P) are placed in thermal contact with a heat conducting wall (1). The procedure and device relate particularly to the cooling of vehicle batteries or cells arranged in a cooling housing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a section through a heat regulation housing    product or cells to be cooled (P)    flexible heat exchange wall (1)
NOVELTY - Optoisolators are connected to the fuel cell. Photoemitters illuminate when the cell voltage is normal and photodetectors which are connected in a string monitor the illumination from the photoemitters. The stack's operator is alerted and/or corrective measures are initiated automatically to protect the cell whose voltage is subnormal when the flow of current in the string is interrupted.    USE - For detecting a failing fuel cell in a stack. For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Has quick response which alerts and triggers early corrective action when a reverse polarity situation is imminent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of detecting a failing fuel cell in a stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cell monitoring system.
NOVELTY - The converter comprises two coaxial perforated cylinders (6,8) sealed at the top against the inlet stub (3) or the lid (2a) of the chamber. The bottom internal cylinder (6) is closed by a disk (16) that fits inside a recessed disk (14). The disk forms part of a sliding base (11) that closes the other cylinder (8). Catalyst pellets fill the space (9) between the cylinders.    USE - As an exhaust gas catalytic converter for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The gas expands in its passage to give intimate contact with the catalyst and reduce backpressure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The converter comprises two coaxial perforated cylinders (6,8) sealed at the top against the inlet stub (3) or the lid (2a) of the chamber. The bottom internal cylinder (6) is closed by a disk (16) that fits inside a recessed disk (14). The disk forms part of a sliding base (11) that closes the other cylinder (8). Catalyst pellets fill the space (9) between the cylinders. The base is spring loaded to compensate for size changes of the pellets during use. Gas entering the inlet stub (3) then passes through the perforations of the inner cylinder, through the catalyst pellets and then through the perforations of the outer cylinder into an annular space (10) that leads to the outlet stub (4). Disks (17,18), sealed to the lid or the sliding base, induce turbulence to prevent bypass paths through the catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectioned elevation through the fuel cell exhaust gas catalytic converter.    Lid (2a)    Inlet and outlet stubs (3,4)    Inner and outer cylinders (6,8)    Pellet space (9)    Annular gas collection space (10)    Sliding base (11)    Recessed washer (14)    Disks (17,18)
NOVELTY - A solid electrolyte matrix production process, comprising forming stalks from a solid electrolyte foil with electrodes, is new.    USE - For high and low temperature electrochemical fuel cells, e.g. PEM fuel cells or SOFCs for electric motors, and mass separation processes, e.g. as a membrane or membrane support.    ADVANTAGE - The solid electrolyte matrix has a space-saving design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of a solid electrolyte matrix of 0.28-10.0 mm diameter solid electrolyte stalks comprises forming a planar, structured, pleated or dished, plastic bipolar solid electrolyte foil with electrodes to stalks of 0.28-10.0 mm diameter and of 0.03-3.0 m length e.g. of grass blade or corn stalk form. Preferred Features: Ceramic, sol-gel, collagen, protein, gelatin, urea or starch foils may be folded to stalk (e.g. cigarette) form or wound to spiral tube form, granules may be extruded to a drinking straw form or a ceramic slip may be cast to straw form. The fuel cell current is supplied to electric motor driven wheels fitted with rubber tires.
NOVELTY - The system (10) comprises a compressor (12), a turbine (14) for converting gaseous heat energy into mechanical energy and an electrical generator (16) which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. A single shaft (18) connects the turbine and generator in pre-stressed relation to allow the generator to rotate in unison with the turbine, thereby using the mechanical energy extracted by the turbine to produce power.    USE - Used in off-grid applications for stand-alone power, on-grid applications for peak shaving, base load service, emergency back-up and UPS, automotive hybrid vehicles and prime mover applications (i.e. pump,air conditioning).    ADVANTAGE - The system is smaller, lighter, more fuel efficient and has lower thermal signature, noise, maintenance and cost penalties than comparable internal combustion engines.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a rotating module, and    (2) an engine core.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a power generating system.    Power generating system (10)    Compressor (12)    Turbine (14)    Electrical generator (16)    Single shaft (18)
A PEM fuel cell includes a negative pole plate and negative    electrode, a membrane, a positive electrode and a positive pole    plate having at least four supply- or discharge-openings for the    process gases. In the edge zone of the fuel cell, the membrane    (2) is joined firmly, mechanically and gas-tightly to the    positive and negative pole plates (7,8) by a frame element giving    an electronically insulating connection.    The positive and/or the negative electrode layer on the membrane protrudes into the edge zone. Seals (5,6) are specifically provided in the edge zone.    USE -   For fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE -   Improved long-term performance.
NOVELTY - A high-temperature battery includes a metal anode, a metal cathode and a heat-activated flux and electrolyte which upon heat activation attaches to and removed oxide from the surface of at least one of the electrodes, and becomes an ionic conductor. Preferably the anode is aluminium, the cathode is copper and the heat-activated flux and electrolyte is borax.    USE - Especially as a battery for electric vehicles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A contact is provided to allow contact between the anode and cathode through the heat-activated flux and electrolyte; and a heater heats the battery to produce the desired voltage output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a battery of the invention in which the heat source is a torch flame.    Anode (1)    Cathode (2)    Glassified flux (3)    Torch nozzle (4)
NOVELTY - A tricycle is driven by an electric motor (13) supplied by batteries recharged by solar panels. Electric braiding is used. The batteries and a battery charger are enclosed in a thermally insulated compartment and the batteries are kept warm in cold weather by the heat produced by the battery charger and by electric braiding. The solar panels are mounted on the roof of the passenger cabin and/or on the insulated compartment and are oriented towards the sun by a stepper motor.    USE - As a solar powered vehicle for personal transport in cities.    ADVANTAGE - Environmentally friendly, may be used at temperatures below 20 degrees Celsius when batteries charge holding capacity decreases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The tricycle may be braked either hydraulically, or electrically. The motor generates a back electromotive force which feeds the battery and/or the heating resistor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the tricycle.    motor (13)    volt meter (51)    ammeter (52)    frame (54)    sprockets (56,58)
NOVELTY - The material contains 10-25 weight parts of ther mosetting resin for 100 wt.pts of powders of artificial graphite of mean particle diameter (A) less than 50 m, natural graphite of diameter A(0.2-0.1) mixed in weight ratio of 80:20-60:40. Specific electrical resistance, gas transmittance, anisotropic ratio of carbonaceous material are 0.2 or less , 2 or less and 10^_6 cc/cm2.min respectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of carbonaceous separator. Thermosetting resin is added to a mixture of artificial, natural graphite powder and the resultant mixture is pulverized. The pulverized grains of particle size 2 mm or less are hardened by heat at 150-280C and molded by hot pressure mold method into a plate shaped object.    USE -   For solid polymeric mold fuel batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The carbonaceous separator material has high isotropy, low specific resistance and is highly impermeable to gas.
NOVELTY - A pair of side tubes (1) extend from the head tube (3). The battery is inserted between the side tubes. The battery (10) is inclinedly positioned towards the head tube. Under cover (9) is provided to support the battery base. The cover is attached to the side tubes.    USE -   In two wheeled motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Inclined arrangement of battery lowers protrusion of battery from the side tube and downward projection of under cover. Space is used efficiently, by enabling to mount large fuel tank. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire side view of motor vehicle. (1) Side tube; (3) Head tube; (9) Under cover; (10) Battery.
NOVELTY - A switching unit (26) switches electric power of fuel battery supplement machine (22) to an invertor from commercial side at the time of commercial system service interruption. The logical sum of protection detecting signal and service interruption detecting signal is performed to obtain the logical sum-signal used as input to the dummy heater (27). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A converter protection detector (30) generates a protection detecting signal detecting when there is an over voltage at output of converter. A service interruption detector (7) outputs service interruption detecting signal during commercial system service interruption. A dummy heater is provided to prevent fuel battery from becoming open discharge pressure state.    USE -   For fuel battery based electrical power generator.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves implementation efficiency of electrical power generator even during commercial system service interruption, hence the fuel battery is made to run with fixed output. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit diagram of electrical power generator. (7) Service interruption detector; (22) Fuel battery supplement machine; (26) Switching unit; (27) Dummy heater; (30) Converter protection detector.
NOVELTY - The system includes a rectifier (1) which converts AC electric power to DC electric power. The DC power produced by the rectifier is then supplied to an invertor (6) by a capacitor (7).    USE -   In computer and semiconductor device manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   Discontinuation of electric power is not produced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire systematic diagram of uninterruptable power supply system. (1) Rectifier; (6) Invertor; (7) Capacitor.
NOVELTY - Electrolyte storage tank comprises anode and cathode liquid storage tanks (3,4) storing positive and negative electrode liquids, respectively. Each tank has several pipe like containers (10) interconnected by communicating vessels (8). The liquid electrodes flow through the vessels to battery cell (2).    USE -   For electrolyte propagating type secondary battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Natural cooling of tanks is enabled as containers are designed to dissipate heat. Repair and maintenance is simplified as the container which need repair alone can be taken out for repair. Utilization factor of electrolyte is improved as quantity of electrolyte supplied can be changed, based on charging an discharging. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents sectional diagram of electrolyte storage tank of secondary battery. (2) Battery cell; (3,4) Anode and cathode liquid storage tanks; (8) Communicating vessel; (10) Pipe like container.
NOVELTY - The water collector recovers the water vapor in air by condensing the air ejected from the fuel battery stack (1). A sensor detects the quantity of water in the tank (53) and the control unit controls ON or OFF operation of water collector depending on the output of sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel battery system (1) which includes the water collector recovers the water vapor in air ejected from the fuel battery stack (2) by passing the ejected air through the fan (52) and heat exchanger. A heat exchange is performed with the air and the water vapor in the air is made to condense and stored in the tank (53). A water supply system (50) is provided to supply the water from the tank to the fuel battery stack.    USE -   For water supply apparatus in fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Water supply system is improved as the water is recovered and recycled from an exhaust gas by supplying water to a fuel battery stack. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows conceptual diagram of fuel battery system unit. (1) Fuel battery system; (2) Fuel battery stack; (50) Water supply system; (52) Fan; (53) Tank.
NOVELTY - The inferior margin of the fuel batteries is set inclined with respect to the vehicle advance direction. The water condenser (51) is arranged in the bottom of the fuel battery (2) stack in inclined state with respect to cross direction of vehicle. The water circulated to maintain wettability of the electrolyte film is ejected to the water condenser.    USE -   For circulating water to maintain wetness of electrolyte film of fuel battery stack used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables efficient ejection of circulated water from fuel battery stack by arranging inferior margin in inclined state. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of water supply system of fuel battery system. (2) Fuel battery stack; (51) Water condenser.
NOVELTY - A heating medium is circulated through the modifier (1) via a circulation line (5) having a pump (6). The heating medium stored in a tank (8), has a thermo regulator (7) and temperature retainer to regulate and retain the temperature.    USE -   For modifier in fuel battery in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The heating medium absorbs the heat generated, and enables the modifier and hence the fuel battery for a quick start even when the period of rest is long. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery apparatus. (1) Modifier; (5) Circulation line; (6) Pump; (7) Thermo regulator; (8) Tank.
NOVELTY - The electrode-film contact piece is manufactured by joining a gas diffusion electrode and an ion exchange membrane using an adhesive. The ion exchange membrane consists of a perfluoro carbon polymer having phosphonic acid group. The adhesive contains 0.1-30 wt.% of the ion exchange resin dissolved in a hydrocarbon alcoholic solvent, fluorine containing hydrocarbon solvent or their mixed solvent.    USE -   For fuel battery of a solid polymer electrolyte (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The pores in gas diffusion electrode are not crushed, and pore diameter is maintained such that, the electrode excels in gas diffusion. The film contact piece has low concentration over-voltage. A high output is obtained with stability.
NOVELTY - Thermoelectric conversion module (50) heats and cools a heat source pool (11) having a heating medium (H) and a heat sink pool (12) with a coolant (C), respectively. Heat source containers (13,14) filled with operating gas (H',C') are housed in sealed state in the pools (11,12), respectively. Expansion spaces (15,16) are integrally formed with the heat source containers, respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The expansion spaces are integrally formed with cylinders (151,161) respectively. Pistons (152,162) are installed in the cylinders. Piston rods (23,24) are connected to the respective pistons. The piston rods are connected to a crankshaft (31) with a phase difference of 90 . The crankshaft transmits torque to an output shaft (2) through clutch mechanism (40). A generator (32) connected to the crankshaft supplies electrical energy to the thermoelectric conversion module.    USE -   For light moving vehicle, industrial machines etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not produce noise or exhaust gas since no combustion takes place. Preserves environment condition since no emission of gas takes place. Electric power is generated for other uses, when drive torque is not utilized since generator is provided. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory diagram of the drive unit. (2) Output shaft; (11) Heat source pool; (12) Heat sink pool; (13,14) Heat source containers; (15,16) Expansion spaces; (23,24) Piston rods; (31) Crankshaft; (32) Generator; (40) Clutch mechanism; (50) Thermoelectric conversion module; (151,161) Cylinders; (152,162) Pistons.
NOVELTY - The main motor (11) starts engine (1) of a hybrid motor vehicle and charges a battery (3). When charging level of the battery reaches below a predetermined value, emergency control unit stops starting of the engine and runs the hybrid vehicle by auxiliary motor (2) for a predetermined time.    USE -   For operation control in hybrid motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Starts engine quickly and reliably, since the engine is started by the main motor depending on battery condition and regeneration energy of driving wheels. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows system diagram of controller for hybrid motor vehicle. (1) Engine; (2) Auxiliary motor; (3) Battery; (11) Main motor.
NOVELTY - When a detector detects that strength of the charging of a battery (3) is low for a motor generator (11) to crank an engine (1) for starting, an emergency control unit starts operating and runs a hybrid motor vehicle on priority through a drive motor (2). The run motor gets electric supply from the battery. When the vehicle gains sufficient kinetic energy, the run motor starts the engine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The starting of the engine by the motor is performed through motor generator. The charging condition of the battery detected by the amount detection unit is based on a predetermined value.    USE -   In hybrid motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The engine is started quickly since starting cranking is performed only when battery strength has required value. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows system diagram of the controller of hybrid motor vehicle. (1) Engine; (2) Drive motor; (3) Battery; (11) Motor generator.
NOVELTY - The separator (4) is made of a composite that includes 85-97% of graphite powder and 3-15% of thermosetting resins. The composite is initially cold formed at a pressure of 100-150 kgf/cm2 and then shaped at a pressure of 150-1500 kgf/cm2.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferably, 4-9% of thermosetting resin is included in the composite and shaping of cold formed composite is done at a pressure of 300-1000 kgf/cm2. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of separator for fuel battery.    USE -   The separator is used for solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Has homogeneous property and small volume resistivity due to presence of thermosetting resin in proportion to graphite powder in the composite and since cold forming and shaping of composite are done at particular pressure. Has predetermined shape since irregularity does not occur during shaping due to the presence of small amount of resin that improves liquidity of composite to specified level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the exploded perspective diagram of solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery. (4) Separator.
NOVELTY - The canal (62) has a section which is within the inner part of the bipolar plate (10), that is as wide as the canal at its breathe on the bipolar (10) surface.    USE - Used in electrolyzer or fuel cell for storing and recovering electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The canal cross-section provide a sufficient fluid flow through the canals without the electrical resistance increasing through the stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bipolar plate (10) used in an electrolyzer or in a fuel cell has anode and cathode sides. At least one of or both plate surfaces on the anode and cathode have fluid supplying canals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a front view of the anode side of the bipolar plate.    bipolar plate (10)    canal (62)
NOVELTY - The power supply selectively changes over a DC power supply from a battery (2) to a voltage obtained by converting a commercial power to DC. The inverter (6) converts DC into AC though the alternate switching of two switching elements, and the control section (7) controls an AC output to be supplied from the inverter to the vibrating compressor (1). The DC/DC converter (17) control the output voltage to a predetermined value, regardless of changes in input voltage so that an AC output of a predetermined voltage value can be supplied to the vibrating compressor relying on multiple types of commercial powers of different voltages and multiple types of batteries of different voltages.    USE - For vibrating compressor e.g. for driving refrigerator installed in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Can automatically adapt for widely changing power voltages and judge a drop of battery voltage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a power supply.    compressor (1)    battery (2)    inverter (6)    control section (7)    DC/DC converter (17)
NOVELTY - A portion of the transition metal (Me) in a lithium transition metal compound of formula LiMexOy is substituted by not less than 2 elements (M) selected from Li, Fe, Mn, Mg, Zn, B, Al, Co, Cr, Si, Ti, Sn, P, V, Sb, Nb, Ta, Mo and W, to give the positive active material of formula LiMzMex-zOy, where M does not equal Me, providing the battery with small internal resistance and good charge-discharge cycle characteristics.    USE - Operational power source for portable electric equipment or motor driving battery for an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The battery has small internal resistance and good charge-discharge cycle characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferably at least Ti is included as a substitution element M.    In the formula LiMzMex-zOy, 0.005 at most z/x at most 0.3.    The lithium transition metal compound is preferably lithium manganese oxide having a spinel configuration of a cubic system. The average valency of the substitution elements to substitute a portion of manganese is not less than 3 but not more than 4. The substitution quantity z is within the range 0.01 at most z at most 0.5, preferably 0.1 at most z at most 0.3.    Alternatively, the lithium transition metal compound is lithium cobalt oxide or lithium nickel oxide, where the average valency of the elements M to be substituted for a portion of the cobalt or lithium is 3, and z is within the range 0.005 at most z at most 0.3, preferably 0.05 at most z at most 0.3.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is given for preparing LiMzMex-zOy by firing a mixed compound comprising salts and/or oxides having been prepared with a predetermined ratio in oxidation atmosphere at 600-1000 degrees C for 5-50 hours. Firing is carried out not less than twice, where the firing temperature for a subsequent step is higher than that for the previous step.
NOVELTY - Oxygen is supplied through an oxygen-permeable layer (5), which separates an air supply space (6) from the reaction space.    USE - To produce hydrogen by hydrocarbon oxidation, especially of methanol, in a method suitable for supply to fuel cells, e.g. for vehicular transportation purposes.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor is simple and compact, producing satisfactory reaction and very pure hydrogen results. Load variation is accommodated without great control expense. Rapid hydrogen extraction through the hydrogen-permeable membrane, fosters Le Chatelier-Braun equilibrium shift, accelerating its generation. Combination of hydrogen extraction- and oxygen supply- hollow fibers is cited.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The layer (5) is selectively-permeable to oxygen. It is an active porous material, with surfaces catalytically-coated. The hydrogen- and/or oxygen permeable layers are flat or tubular membranes, or are formed by a group of one or more hollow fibers passing across the reaction space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the porous reactor (center layer) in cross-section, with oxygen permeation layer above, and hydrogen permeation layer below.    hydrogen-permeable layer (3)    oxygen-permeable layer (5)    air supply space (6)
NOVELTY - The energy supply circuit has a multi-level controller (W3) providing 3 voltage planes (U1,U2,U3), with respective input/output terminals coupled to 2 different voltage supply paths (Z1,Z2) for HV loads and LV loads and to a back-up energy storage battery (B1), with a variable current distribution between the different input/output terminals.    USE - The energy supply circuit is used for an automobile electrical network supplying a wide range of different electrical loads, e.g. including an electromagnetic valve control and an electrically heated catalyser.    ADVANTAGE - The supply circuit provides a narrow tolerance band for each electrical load for extending its working life.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a circuit diagram of an energy supply circuit.    Storage battery (B1)    Multi-level converter (W3)    Voltage planes (U1,U2,U3)    Voltage supply paths (Z1,Z2)
NOVELTY - The battery cell cover (1) has a first integrated channel (11) allowing the top-up connections (5) of the battery covers for adjacent battery cells to be connected together using inserted connection elements and a second integrated channel (3) for cconnecting the electrolyte mixing connections of adjacent battery cell covers together via further coupling elements.    USE - The battery cell cover is used for a lead acid battery, e.g. a drive battery for an electric load handling vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The battery cover allows the topping-up and electrolyte circulation for all battery cells to be effected in one operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a battery cell cover.    Battery cell cover (1)    Electrolyte mixing connections (2)    Second integrated channel (3)    Top-up connection (5)    First integrated channel (11)
NOVELTY - The thermal insulation of the battery ensures that the external temperature and the damaging highest and lowest temperature peaks occurring during use of the vehicle are prevented.    USE - For battery monitoring, especially lead acid battery, using monitoring system integrated in battery.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates improved monitoring of charging condition, insulation efficacy and battery parameters related to capacity, durability and stability. Battery is suitable for 1000 amp short time working and can cover from milliamps to 1000 amps.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery monitoring system includes an electronic system (4) which is connected electrically, is heat conducting and is mechanically fixed inside the insulated housing of the battery (1). It has a thermometer system for measuring the battery internal temperature. A system for determining the external temperature also has an electronic timer and a first memory, in which several value tables with algorithms and parameters are stored. The values characterize the condition of the battery. A second memory stores the determined operating conditions in relation to the time. A first comparator determines the actual battery condition, by comparing the operating conditions stored in the second memory, with the algorithms and parameters stored in the first memory. A first deciding system decides which measures are met, taking account of the actual operating conditions. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a battery monitoring method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partly sectioned view of battery.    Battery (1)    Layer of thermal insulation material (2)    Heating foil heater (3)    Electronic circuit (4)
NOVELTY - The device has gripping parts which can be guided from above to engage with complementary coupling regions on the vehicle battery.    USE - For vehicle battery    ADVANTAGE - Allows gripping of the battery where there is no space in the battery tray.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A manipulating device (14) for a vehicle battery (10-83) has at least two gripping parts (20-88). These are designed to be guided onto the battery from above, and to come into engagement in positive-locking fashion with complementary coupling regions on the battery. The gripping parts can be brought from a stand-by position into an engagement position locked with the coupling regions. The coupling regions (12) are located on a top side (13) or on upper sections (11) of side walls of the battery, set back with respect to the remaining outer contour. In this way the gripping parts are engaged with the coupling regions. The gripping parts do not protrude horizontally over the outer contour of the battery in the stand-by position or in the gripping position.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of the device gripping a battery.    Battery (10)    Coupling regions (12)    Gripping parts (20)
NOVELTY - The monitoring system reports the condition of a vehicle battery and measures voltage and current drain during engine start, and computes the battery internal resistance and polarization resistance from these measurements. Also, the quiescent voltage is measured and the state of charge is computed along with several other conditions. Appropriate messages are displayed as well as warnings to the driver of various real and potential problems relating to the battery, its cables, and components of the charging system.    USE - To provide continuous monitoring of battery parameters and store and display the information    ADVANTAGE - Also monitors alternator, regulator, and predicts battery performance and life    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a method of monitoring the condition of a vehicle battery    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Flow chart of monitoring system
NOVELTY - The method involves a control unit disconnecting a secondary cell from an inverter (Step S28) when the inner temperature of a fuel cell does not reach a stationary temperature (Step S26). The control then regulates the drive of a motor (Step S30) so that the motor can consume power supplied by the fuel cell, while preventing the inverter from generating a torque on the drive shaft of the motor.    USE - For fuel cell system in electric car.    ADVANTAGE - The control method enables the inner temperature of the fuel cell to rise to a stationary temperature within the shortest possible time at the starting of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of the control method.    Commence starting (A)    End starting (B)    Start fuel cell (S22)    Disconnect secondary cell (S28)    Control motor starting time (S30)
NOVELTY - The system (10) includes a power-interrupt auto-manual transmission (16), an electronic control unit and electronic throttle controls (30). The system further includes an epicyclic gear set (22,24) for providing a level of drive torque to the driveline during the shifting of the transmission. The electronic throttle controls allow the rotational speed of the engine to be maintained at a desired level while the shift is being performed.    USE - The power transfer system is for a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The undesirable sensations experienced by the vehicle operator during the shifting of the transmission are eliminated. The electronic throttle controls allow the rotational speed of the engine to be maintained at a desired level while the shift is being performed so as to improve fuel economy and reduce emissions..    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic illustration of an engine coupled to a power transfer system.    system (10)    power-interrupt auto-manual transmission (16)    epicyclic gear set (22,24)    electronic throttle controls (30)
NOVELTY - The terminal has a metal clamp block dimensioned to be coupled with a battery terminal of a battery and a terminal body adapted to be coupled with an electrical output line to the vehicle electrical system. The terminal body is aligned with the exterior wall of the clamp block and a fusible link is positioned between them.    USE - For use in a motor vehicle to eliminate electrical power in the event of an accident.    ADVANTAGE - Easy and economical to manufacture and market. Robust and reliable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The metal clamp block has a generally square configuration with a cylindrical opening for receiving the battery terminal from which an opening extends radially outwards from the inner wall, with a slot extending inwards from its external wall. The terminal body has a generally rectangular body with an aperture that passes through its exterior wall for receiving the output line and an interior wall provided with an inwardly extending slot, with the interior wall being positionable in alignment with the exterior wall of the clamp block.    The fusible link is positioned between the exterior wall of the clamp block and the interior wall of the terminal body and has a pair of tab portions on its free ends, the first of which extends into the slot in the exterior wall of the clamp block and the second of which extends into the slot in the interior wall of the terminal body. A cover plate is dimensioned to cover the upper surfaces of the clamp body, the terminal body and the fusible link and has a number of countersunk apertures that align with apertures in the upper surface of the clamp block and terminal body which are designed to receive screws.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - An exploded perspective view of the safety battery terminal.
NOVELTY - The method comprises providing a heat pipe (20) partially filled with a heat transfer fluid disposed in thermal contact with thermally conductive battery cell terminal (16) and a heat sink (22). The generated heat vaporizes a portion of the fluid and the heat sink condenses the vaporized fluid. The pipe is electrically insulated from terminal(s) and heat sink.    USE - Spacecraft or electrical vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - A weight-conservative, relatively simple and highly efficient method of controlling the temperature of a battery. The battery is required to be disposed adjacent the heat sink near the periphery of the spacecraft or vehicle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM includes an apparatus for controlling the temperature generated by a battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows perspective view of battery heat control system.    Cell terminal (16)    Heat pipe (20)    Heat sink (22)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell requires two gas flows (anode and cathode) and a membrane separates the gases, while the pressure difference across the membrane must by actively controlled in the electrochemical engine. Voltages from analog pressure sensors (P1,P2) vary as a function of the measured pressures and comparators (A,B) are included in an analog logic circuit to control opening of the cathode or anode stream to exhaust or relieve higher pressures.    USE - Providing pressure balance within a vehicle fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a pressure balancing system    Analog pressure sensors (P1,P2)    Comparators (A,B)
NOVELTY - A juxtaposition type power generator transmits kinetic energy to a drive shaft. A judgment unit determines remaining capacity of battery and determines driving force of engine and motor. Based on remaining capacity of battery, SOC information is processed.    USE -   In juxtaposition type hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Vehicle oscillation and sudden acceleration are solvable. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of hybrid vehicle.
NOVELTY - A continuous furnace (1) has heat junction zone (11), injection zone (12) and sealing zone (13). The heat junction zone performs heat junction of insulated ring provided in solid electrolyte enveloping tube and cathode range of cathode container. The injection zone injects sodium from cathode container and sealing zone seals opening of cathode container.    USE -   For manufacture of high temperature secondary sodium battery used in electric power storage apparatus, electric vehicles and peak shifter in electric power system.    ADVANTAGE -   Automation of battery assembly is easy as heat junction zone is provided in the continuous furnace and hence manufacture of reliable high temperature secondary sodium battery is effected. Temperature variation during battery assembly is lessened as injection zone and sealing zone are provided and hence manufacturing time is shortened. The manufacture becomes simple and hence high energy conservation is effected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows model of continuous furnace. (1) Continuous furnace; (11) Heat junction zone; (12) Injection zone; (13) Sealing zone.
NOVELTY - The alkaline battery has an insulation ring (5) provided in the circumferential portion of the positive electrode collection board (7). The outer diameter of the insulated ring is larger than that of the collector board, and smaller than inner diameter of metal case.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sealing of the upper portion of the metal case (6) is performed by a sealing board (11) which is equipped with the upward cap-like terminal (13). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for alkaline battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For electric vehicles, electrically assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE -   Since an insulation ring is equipped in the circumferential portion of the positive electrode collector board, the contact between positive electrode collector board and metal case is avoided even when there is shock to a battery. Enables aligning connection lead piece to the surroundings of the valve hole of a sealing board undersurface center, as the insulation ring is useful for rotating electrode group to the predetermined welding position reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the half sectional view of the alkaline battery. (5) Insulation ring; (6) Metal case; (7) Positive electrode collection board; (11) Sealing board; (13) Cap-like terminal.
NOVELTY - The battery includes a detector (28) which detects oxygen concentration in exhaust gas of a modifier. A flow rate regulating unit (31) computes the gross calorific value in a heating gas from the oxygen concentration. Based on the calorific value, the rate of flow of heating gas is adjusted.    USE -   As fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Power generation is not affected even if the hydrocarbon concentration of heating gas is fluctuated, as the flow rate is adjusted based on calorific value, hence continuous power generation is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a block diagram showing the composition of phosphoric acid type fuel battery. (28) Detector; (31) Flow rate regulating unit.
NOVELTY - Metal separator (1) has grooves (3) for allowing gas flow. A composite coating consisting of noble metals mixed with at least fluororesin or fluoride graphite particle, exhibits eutectic property. The contact surface (2) of groove is coated with the composite.    USE -   For solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Exhibits low contact resistance property to separator with excellent water repellent property of groove, as the groove is coated with at least fluororesin or fluoride graphite particle and noble metals into skin layer. Enables excellent corrosion resistance and secures favorable gas flow facultativity, as the noble metals is mixed with at least fluororesin or fluoride graphite of composite coating.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the outline of the metal separator. (1) Metal separator; (2) Contact surface; (3) Groove.
NOVELTY - Carbon with large specific surface area is dispersed inorganic vanadium solution for adsorbing organic vanadium complex in the organic vanadium solution. Thereafter, the organic vanadium complex adsorption carbon is dried at a low temperature in inert atmosphere to obtain carbon powder carrying vanadium pentaoxide ultrafine particles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the electrical energy storage element manufacturing method.    USE -   For capacitor of electric vehicles, fuel battery, solar battery, emergency power source and backup power supply.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases the content of vanadium in the electrical energy storage element and enables to obtain an electric capacitance of 138 f/g and output density of 711 w/kg. Excels in output density characteristic and achieves cost reduction.
NOVELTY - Thermoelectromotive force generation units (140) are provided to surface of warm contact side attachment (191), whose periphery cross section and internal circumference cross section of the cold junction side attachment (192) are made into shape of mutually meshable sawtooth. Heat generation surface for warm contact point of a thermoelectric element (142) is deviated from orthogonal axis of virtual line.    USE -   For engine control of scooter type two wheeler.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to configure many thermoelectric element efficiently around an exhaust tube. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram of electrical power generating device. (140) Thermoelectromotive force generation units; (142) Thermoelectric element; (191) Warm contact side attachment; (192) Cold junction side attachment.
NOVELTY - The auxiliary power generator has a thermoelectric element (142). The hot junction terminal (143) is mechanically separated from heat generation element (133). A bimetal element (144) deforms to control the temperature of a hot junction of thermoelectric element.    USE -   For supplying power to accessories such as instrument panel of motor vehicles such as motor scooter.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces battery consumption of generating thermoelectric power using engine heat. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows components of thermoelectric power generator. (133) Heat generation element; (142) Thermoelectric element; (143) Hot junction terminal; (144) Bimetal element.
NOVELTY - Fuel improver comprises desulfurization unit (1) provided in outer wall (6) of fuel improver and heat generated in desulfurization unit is used for reducing the desulfurization catalyst during desulfurization.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel improver consists of desulfurization unit provided in outer wall of fuel improver for removing sulfur from the fuel and modifier (2) which manufactures hydrogen rich gas from desulfurized fuel. Shift (3) and selective oxidation units (4) are configured for reducing carbon monoxide content in the modified fuel. Combustion unit (5) is arranged for supplying heat to the modifier and the heat generated in the desulfurization unit is used for reducing the desulfurization catalyst during desulfurization.    USE -   For improving fuel efficiency of alcohol group and hydrocarbon group fuels.    ADVANTAGE -   Separate heating unit is not required for desulfurization. The desulfurization unit is prevented from being cooled by air as heat insulation layer is provided in the outer wall of the fuel improver, thereby reducing the reduction in the desulfurization efficiency. As the desulfurization unit is detachably attached desulfurization catalyst which is reduced during desulfurization can be replaced. Thermal conductivity is possible as the desulfurization unit is made of conductive metals. Temperature distribution is uniform as desulfurization unit is arranged in the shape of a coil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the schematic sectional drawing of a fuel improver. (1) Desulfurization unit; ; (2) Modifier; ; (3) Shift unit; ; (4) Selective oxidation unit; ; (5) Combustion unit; ; (6) Outer wall; ; (7) Heat insulation layer.
NOVELTY - Fuel improver comprises desulfurization unit (1) provided in outer wall (6) of fuel improver and heat generated in desulfurization unit is used during desulfurization.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel improver consists of desulfurization unit provided in outer wall of fuel improver for removing sulfur from the fuel and modifier (2) which manufactures hydrogen rich gas from desulfurized fuel. Shift (3) and selective oxidation units (4) are configured for reducing carbon monoxide content in the modified fuel. Combustion unit (5) is arranged for supplying heat to the modifier and the heat generated in the desulfurization unit is consumed during desulfurization.    USE -   For improving fuel efficiency of alcohol group and hydrocarbon group fuels.    ADVANTAGE -   Separate heating unit is not required for desulfurization. The desulfurization unit is prevented from being cooled by air as heat insulation layer is provided in the outer wall of the fuel improver, thereby reducing the reduction in the desulfurization efficiency. As the desulfurization unit is detachably attached, desulfurization catalyst which is reduced during desulfurization can be replaced. Thermal conductivity is possible as the desulfurization unit is made of conductive metals. The temperature distribution is uniform as desulfurization unit is arranged in the shape of a coil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the schematic sectional drawing of a fuel improver. (1) Desulfurization unit; ; (2) Modifier; ; (3) Shift unit; ; (4) Selective oxidation unit; ; (5) Combustion unit; ; (6) Outer wall; ; (7) Heat insulation layer.
NOVELTY - Silicone resin is injected into the cavities (2',3') of respective metallic molds (A,B) to form silicone resin layer (2,3). The metallic molds are placed side by side and a metal thin plate is inserted in between such that silicone resin layers are formed on both sides of metal thin plate. The molds are closed and deformed to obtain silicone resin layer-metal plate composite.    USE -   For separator of fuel battery (claimed) and used as cushioning materials in electric and electronic components, packaging material and spacer.    ADVANTAGE -   The silicone resin layers are accurately and effectively formed on both sides of thin metal plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows outline of manufacture of resin-metal composite. (1) Thin metal plate; ; (2,3) Silicone resin layer; ; (2',3') Cavity.
NOVELTY - Any one or two of flow regulating valves (19,21) that regulates supply of water by fuel side water pump (12) is configured in all the outlet path of heating gas of carbon monoxide conversion device (4) and modifier (3). The controller (20) adjusts amount of water supply by controlling the flow regulating valves and pump.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifier (3) carries out steam reforming of raw material and forms hydrogen rich reform gas. The carbon monoxide conversion device (4) uses reformed gas to transform carbon monoxide contained in it.    USE -   For generating power using solar polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Internal heat loss is restrained to minimum extent to humidify heating gas simultaneously.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of power generation system using solid polymeric type fuel battery. (3) Modifier; (4) Carbon monoxide conversion device; (12) Pump; (19,21) Valves; (20) Controller.
NOVELTY - An anode active material of a lithium secondary battery consists of lithium manganate spinel and element(s) other than boron, bismuth, molybdenum, phosphorus, chromium, vanadium and tungsten.    USE -   The lithium secondary battery is used for motor vehicles, portable electronic machine and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The internal resistance of the battery is reduced and has large battery capacitance. The battery has excellent charging and discharging cycle characteristics.
NOVELTY - The cathode of the nickel-hydrogen battery is obtained by grinding hydrogen absorbing alloy at 2-30 C and 5-10 barometric pressure to obtain a BET surface area of 0.005-0.2 m2/g. The anode of the battery is coated with an anode mixture and occupies more than 30 cm2 per geometric capacity of the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composition of the hydrogen absorbing alloy used for cathode of the battery is LmNixMnyMz where Lm represents 70-100 weight % of lanthanum content, M is chosen from cobalt, aluminum, ferrous and zirconium and x,y,z are numbers given by 3.30x4.50, 0.01Y0.20, 0.2Z1.70 and 4.90x+y+z5.5. The electrodes separated by a separator, are sealed in a battery case together with the alkali electrolyte.    USE -   For electric vehicles, electrical machinery, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery has high volume and excellent cycle life characteristics, suppressing reduction of operating voltage even on heavy current discharge due to the provision of 0.05-0.2 m2/gm of BET surface area to the cathode and specific occupancy area of anode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of battery.
NOVELTY - Fuel gas mixture obtained in reactor (2) is passed via hydrogen separator (6). The separator is stacked with hydrogen absorbing alloy (7), and is cooled by Peltier element (8) connected to temperature controller (9). Outlet of separator is connected to directional control valve (10) which in turn is connected on one side to fuel battery (13), and on the other side to CO2 collector (12) and to outlet (11). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Selective absorption of hydrogen in fuel gas mixture is effected in the separator. Required amount of hydrogen is supplied to battery by automatic opening of the directional switch, depending on the run condition of the battery.    USE -   For fuel battery power plant for batteries used as power supply in motor vehicle, domestic consumer appliances.    ADVANTAGE -   Uses easily available hydrocarbon fuels e.g. natural gas and gasoline. Hydrogen is stored and used in gas mixture without any waste. The separator serves as a hydrogen storage buffer, obviating the need for stopping fuel reactor when the battery is not running at full capacity. Special controls for regulating hydrogen flow rate are not required, so that the response time is short and operation is flexible. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of high purity hydrogen supply device. (2) Reactor; (6) Hydrogen separator; (7) Alloy; (8) Peltier element; (9) Temperature controller; (10) Control valve; (11) outlet; (12) CO2 collector; (13) Fuel battery.
NOVELTY - A bypass (48) connects between the input of a DC/DC converter (38) and the output thereof, and therefore supplies power generated by the fuel cell (36) to an inverter (44), bypassing the DC/DC converter. A changeover switch (37) selectively changes the connection of the output of the fuel cell between the connection to the input of the DC/DC converter and the connection to the bypass. When the fuel cell is connected to the DC/DC converter, the power from the fuel cell is supplied to the inverter or a battery (40) via the DC/DC converter.    USE - For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Can reduce electric power loss in a power conducting passage for supplying power from a fuel cell to a load.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - When the fuel cell is connected to the bypass, the power from the fuel cell is supplied to the inverter, bypassing the DC/DC converter. A cutoff switch (41) disconnects the output of the battery from a connecting line. That is, the cutoff switch disconnects the battery from the inverter, the bypass and the like when turned off. When turned on, the cutoff switch connects the battery to those components. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electric vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the construction of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (36)    Changeover switch (37)    DC/DC converter (38)    Battery (40)    Cutoff switch (41)    Inverter (44)    Bypass (48)
NOVELTY - The vehicle has an auxiliary current generator (4) that supplies voltage to operating, measurement and/or computer systems independent of the vehicle. The additional generator is mounted beneath the vehicle floor (10) and is directly driven by an auxiliary drive (5) of the motor vehicle's drive system (6) via a connecting shaft (7).    USE - For use in small commercial vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a high power auxiliary generator to be fitted with low construction costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an auxiliary generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a commercial vehicle.    Vehicle (1)    Additional current generator (4)    Auxiliary drive (5)    Vehicle drive system (6)    Connecting shaft (7)    Vehicle floor (10)
NOVELTY - The safety of a road vehicle with power steering is enhanced using a backup power for the steering power servo system. In normal operation the servo is provided with power directly from the generator system. The backup which is battery based is provided as a separate system that only operates in the case of main power failure.    USE - Power steering system for road vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Improved safety in case of failure of main power system.
NOVELTY - Applies correction value, depending on temperature of battery, engine, environment.    USE - For internal combustion engine with starter.    ADVANTAGE - Improves motor and battery management for manual or automatic gearbox arrangements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves measuring the voltage change during starting. The decline in battery voltage is then related a value for the state of charge of the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram representing the vehicle engine, with starter, battery and controller.    Engine (1)    Starter (2)    Battery (3)    Starter switch (4)    Controller (5)    Battery temperature sensor (6)    Engine temperature sensor (7)    Surrounding temperature sensor (8)    Engine rev. counter (9)    Total time of operation sensor (10)    Indicator lamp (11)    No-load rev. counter (LL)    Engine revolution speed (NE)    Battery temperature (TB)    Engine temperature (TM)    Environment temperature (TU)    Battery voltage (U)
NOVELTY - The charging system comprises a lead storage battery (1) installed in the electric vehicle and charged by electric power provided from the outside, a motor (2) operated by electric motor of high pressure and high current provided from the lead storage battery and a transmission for transmitting the power through a power transmission gear to a drive wheel.    USE - For continuously charging a lead storage battery installed in an electric vehicle during driving or stopping by using wind pressure or solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - The mileage of the electric vehicle is extended, while the charging expenses of the lead storage battery is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system has a hopper (4) for concentrating the air that flows into a vehicle through the openings (13), a fan (5) positioned in the hole of the hopper and producing rotary power corresponding to the wind pressure induced through the hopper, a generator (8) for generating the electric power corresponding to the rotary power of the fan, a fan rotary power regulator (6) and a sensor (7) for detecting the rotation number of the fan as an electric signal. The solar cells (9) which convert solar energy into electric energy are mounted on an upper part of the roof (14) of the vehicle. A charge circuitry (10) charges the lead storage battery by using the electric energy output from the generator (8) and the solar cells (9).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure of a diagrammatic plan view of an electric vehicle with auxiliary charging system.    Lead storage battery (1)    Motor (2)    Hopper (4)    Fan (5)    Rotary power regulator (6)    Sensor (7)    Generator (8)    Solar cells (9)    Charge circuitry (10)    Opening (13)    Roof (14)
NOVELTY - The sheet of graphite foil (10) is 0.1 mm thick in cross section and has embedded ceramic needles (30,40). The sheet is formed from a mixture of exfoliated graphite particles and randomly oriented needle shaped ceramic fiber particles which is roll pressed into sheet or foil, 0.1 to 3.5 mm thick. The resultant sheet has needle shaped particles extending from the interior of the sheet and through the outer surfaces (22,24) so forming multiple annular channels surrounding the ceramic particles.    USE - To form a flow field plate for electrochemical fuel cells by using the grooves caused by mechanical deformation of graphite foil    ADVANTAGE - Graphite foil is impregnated with resin to improve its sealability    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Enlarged cross section through graphite sheet    Graphite sheet (10)    Surface of sheet (22,24)    Fiber particles (30,40)
NOVELTY - The power plant (10) includes a fuel cell (12) and a heat transfer device (14). The fuel cell includes an electrolyte (16) which is in intimate contact with an anode (22) and a cathode (26). The cell is enclosed within a structure (30) that defines manifolds for directing streams of reducing fluids and oxidants into and out of the cell. The structure also includes electrical conduction means for directing the generated electrical current to an electricity using device (32), such as through a standard load circuit (34).    USE - As stationary or portable power plants, including transport applications    ADVANTAGE - Achieves efficient water balance, minimizes plant operating energy requirements    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a method of operating the fuel cell    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic diagram of fuel cell    Power plant (10)    Fuel cell (12)    Transfer device (14)    Electrolyte (16)    Anode (22)    Cathode (26)    Containing structure (30)    Load (32)    Circuit (34)
NOVELTY - The cooling water of fuel battery stack (10) is heated using heat of waste gas ejected by a combustion unit, by circulating heat coolant oil inside the high temperature pipe line (92) by an oil pump.    USE -   For controlling starting of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Shortens starting time of fuel battery by heating cooling water of fuel battery effectively without applying load on battery during starting. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows example of fuel battery. (10) Battery stack; (92) High temperature pipe line.
NOVELTY - Catalyst is provided at least one side of fuel electrode (4) and an air pole (5). The poisoning substance remover which reacts with and removes substance carrying out poisoning of catalyst, is mixed with fuel substance or oxide supplied to fuel electrode or air pole.    USE -   For removing substance poisoning catalyst provided at one side of electrode, air pole of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electricity generation efficiency is raised as substances carrying out poisoning of catalyst is removed efficiently.
NOVELTY - The collector has a flat stainless steel board (21) on top of which, a tin layer (31) is formed. The recess for gas passageway (41) is formed on the tin layer.    USE -   For fuel batteries used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Manufacturing cost of collector is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the collector. (21) Stainless steel board; (31) Tin layer; (41) Gas passageway.
NOVELTY - The collector (12) has recesses which form a gas passageway (32) on its contact surface with the electrodes. The recess is formed such that its cross sectional shape gradually increases when moving its upper opening (43) to lower surface.    USE -   In collector for fuel battery used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The output electric power of fuel battery is increased as gas passageway with specific cross section is formed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of gas passageway of collector. (12) Collector; (32) Passageway; (43) Upper opening.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system has a methanol tank (16), water recovery tank (18) for water from the fuel cell (14), a tank (20) for aqueous methanol solution, fed with methanol and water to supply a liquid mixture of methanol and water to the reformer (12). A changeover valve (22) located below the water recovery tank permits the bleeding of all the water from the recovery tank and a water line (62).    USE - Fuel cell for use in car.    ADVANTAGE - Especially suitable for installation in a car, prevents water found in the system from freezing and surplus water is processed easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell system comprises a reformer (12) to generate reformed gas containing hydrogen gas from a liquid mixture of methanol and water. The reformed gas is passed to a fuel cell (14) which has an anode electrode (48) and a cathode electrode (50) with an electrolyte (46) lying between them. There is: a methanol tank (16) to accommodate methanol; a water recovery tank(18) for accommodating water which has fallen out from at least the fuel cell; a tank for aqueous methanol solution, fed with methanol and water by metering from the methanol tank and the water recovery tank, supplying a liquid mixture of methanol and water to the reformer; and a changeover valve (22) which is located below the water recovery tank and permits the bleeding of all the water from the recovery tank and a water line (62).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the fuel cell system.    Reformer (12)    Fuel cell (14)    Methanol tank (16)    Water recovery tank (18)    Aqueous methanol solution tank (20)    Changeover valve (22)    Water line (62)
NOVELTY - The container (1) has an inlet (E) for a medium (2, 3), and two outlets (A1, A2). It is divided at least into two compartments (5, 6) by means of at least one element (4) letting through fluids. The compartments are arranged so that one (5) of them with the outlet (A1) adjoins the inlet (E), while the other (6) with the outlet (A2) is remote from it.    USE - For operation of fuel cells in vehicles powered by them.    ADVANTAGE - The container is suitable also for low-purity methanol.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing schematically depicts the proposed container.    Fuel in initial state (2+3)    Contaminants (2, 3)    Separating element (4)    Container compartments (5, 6)    Outlets (A1, A2)    Inlet (E)    Valve and/or pump (V)
NOVELTY - A vehicle seat has a seat bottom (16) with an upper surface and a seat back (18) with a front surface (54). The intersection of the upper surface and the front surface defines a bight (20). An anchorage (22) is adapted to be coupled to the vehicle. The retainer (40) releasably interconnects a vehicle accessory (38) and the anchorage. An electrical system supplies electrical power from the anchorage to the accessory.    USE - Retaining cargo within the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle    ADVANTAGE - Uses same lower anchorages designed to restrain child safety seat, can be used in cooperation with an electrification system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the invention.    Seat bottom (16)    Seat back (18)    Bight (20)    Anchorages (22)    Vehicle accessory (38)    Retainer (40)    Front surface (54)
NOVELTY - The rotors (52, 54) inductively drive multiple stator (56) having coils (53, 55, 57, 59) to generate electric current in response to rotation. Rectifiers (24, 25) coupled to receive and rectify electric current generated by stator coils, correspondingly produces direct current (DC) output for charging battery and high voltage DC output for operating other auxiliary electric equipment.    USE - For electrical power generation to charge vehicle's battery while the engine is running and also to supply electric power to various tools and accessories. The alternator may be disconnected from the vehicle battery, and the current in the first stator is rectified, switched and regulated to provide DC output power for use in welding.    ADVANTAGE - The alternator is compact and efficiently provides greater output power. Since the active control circuitry is isolated from the ground, user is protected from the effects of high DC output voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for generating electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic circuit diagram of vehicle alternator.    Rectifiers (24, 25)    Rotors (52, 54)    Coils (53, 55, 57, 59)    Stator (56)
NOVELTY - A vent line from a hydrogen storage unit (1) is routed through a restriction valve (2) to an atmosphere fuel cell (3) and the restriction valve is sized to protect the fuel cell from overpressure. The fuel cell converts the hydrogen into electrical energy to charge the batteries of a vehicle, power small heaters etc. while a check valve (4) can be used to eliminate any back pressure contamination of the hydrogen storage unit. No moving parts or external power source is needed.    USE - Recovering excess hydrogen vapor from a hydrogen storage unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a typical application of a hydrogen recovery process    Hydrogen storage unit (1)    Restriction valve (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Check valve (4)
NOVELTY - A pair of flywheels (1,2) of identical shape and equal mass is rotatably supported by a shaft support (4) to a frame (3). The rotation drive of the flywheels is performed to the reverse rotation direction. The drive shaft (5a) of a motor (5), provided inside the frame, is engaged to the rotary shafts (9a) of an epicyclic gear (9).    USE - For motor vehicle and hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents acceleration and deceleration of flywheels from affecting running condition of vehicle. Prevents load collapse of loading goods based on the operation in steering wheel during high-speed running of vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the principal component of a flywheel battery and the internal top view of the flywheel battery showing the coupling condition of a gear mechanism.    Flywheels (1,2)    Frame (3)    Shaft support (4)    Motor (5)    Epicyclic gear (9)
NOVELTY - If the flywheel reaches a high-speed rotating condition, the charging controller (10) of the program control circuit charges a secondary battery (2) by the energy supplied from the flywheel unit.    USE - For e.g. motor vehicle, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Shortens time required to link power apparatus to mains power supply. Extends battery life since appropriate amount of electrical energy can be stored into secondary battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A flywheel unit (9) is provided with an electric motor and a generator which are mechanically linked by the revolving shaft of a flywheel (6) and electrically connected to an inverter unit (4). A program control circuit (3) rotates the flywheel using the energy supplied via a mains power supply connecting terminal (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the principal components of the power apparatus.    Mains power supply connecting terminal (1)    Secondary battery (2)    Program control circuit (3)    Inverter unit (4)    Flywheel (6)    Flywheel unit (9)    Charging controller (10)
NOVELTY - When any one of the serially connected electrical double layer capacitor cells (41-43) of a main charging unit (4) reaches a first operating state, the other capacitor cells are charged with electric power from an auxiliary storage unit (8), so that all the cells have uniform voltage till second operating state is reached. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A vehicle engine is driven with electric power of an engine generator or a main charging unit. An auxiliary charging unit is provided for supplement machines.    USE -   For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Since capacitor cells are not subjected to overvoltage, battery of high reliability and stability is attained. The system has longer life and is of low cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of power supply system of electric vehicles. (4) Main charging unit; (8) Auxiliary storage unit; (41-43) Capacitor cells.
NOVELTY - A battery has a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and an electrolyte.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrolyte contains an asymmetric noncyclic sulfone of formula R1-(O)S(O)-R2 (1) and a chain ester compound of formula R3-C(O)-O-R4 (2). R1 and R2 are different and = 1-4C alkyl groups; R3 and R4 = 1-4C alkyl groups.    USE -   The battery is a lithium battery used in a power supply for driving an electrical machinery and apparatus, or in an electric car.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery effectively depresses a decrease in discharge capacity and a decrease in high-rate discharge performance. The battery has high energy density and high reliability.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery laminate (10) consists of alternately arranged unit fuel battery cells (12) and separators (14). The cell consists of solid polymer electrolyte film (16) provided between anode and cathode lateral electrodes (18,20). The end faces of the cell adjoints either sides of the separator which protrudes along the orthogonal direction of laminate.    USE -   For use in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The projecting edge portion of the separator functions as a cooling fin and the heat generated by a fuel battery cell can be regulated effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross sectional view of fuel battery laminate. (10) Fuel battery laminate; (12) Fuel battery cells; (14) Separators; (16) Solid polymer electrolyte film; (18,20) Electrodes.
NOVELTY - An electrolytic tank is a fabric (21) made of organic fibers having one ore more backing layers, further laminated by rubber or plastic layers. The tank stores electrolyte which circulates between electrodes.    USE -   For use in power storing batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrolyte tank effectively utilizes space between electrodes configured in the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional view of composition of electrolyte tank. (21) Fabric.
NOVELTY - Town gas, liquefied petroleum gas and hydrogen rich gas are used as fuel in electrical power generator. An instant flowmeter (9a) and integrating flowmeter (9b) are installed serially in the fuel line and the rate of flow of fuel gas is measured.    USE -   For use in fuel battery electrical power generators.    ADVANTAGE -   The correction of instant flowmeter using the output of total flowmeter is securable, thereby enabling a stable prolonged run of the power generator. Damage of fuel battery main body is prevented by measuring and thereby controlling the rate of flow of fuel gas. The workability and dependability of the power generator are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of flowmeter. (9a) Instant flowmeter; (9b) Integrating flowmeter.
NOVELTY - Predetermined amount of modified gas ejected from the modifier (7) is supplied to the alloy container (12) through the modify gas line (14) during run condition of modifier. The hydrogen absorbing alloy (11) stored in the container absorbs the hydrogen in the modified gas. The absorbed hydrogen is fed back to the modifier, when it is stopped.    USE -   In solid polymeric fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents condensation of fuel such as methanol and water vapor. Pressure of fuel battery is not changed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the block diagram of modifier. (7) Modifier; (11) Hydrogen absorbing alloy; (12) Alloy container; (14) Gas line.
NOVELTY - Multiple grooves (2) for gas passages are formed on one side or both sides of the separator (1). The bottom of the groove has curved surface portion (3).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of separator.    USE -   For solid polymeric type fuel battery used as distributed power supply for motor vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves adhesion between cells, thereby minimizing contact electricity resistance. Gas leakage is eliminated by formation of groove during battery assembling.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of channel-like separator of solid polymeric fuel battery. (1) Separator; (2) Multiple groove; (3) Curved surface portion.
NOVELTY - Flexible graphite sheets (100,101) are laminated, with sheet (101) fixed to upper surface has specific portion removed for flow path formation. The laminated structure (103) is pressed by metallic mold resulting in formation of flow path (111) and through holes (105,109).    USE -   For manufacturing separator for fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The separator comprising flexible graphite sheet, formed as per present invention suppresses a gas leak and exhibits sufficient mechanical strength.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows explanatory diagram of separator manufacturing method. (100,101) Flexible graphite sheets; (103) Laminated structure; (105,109) Through-holes; (111) Flow path.
NOVELTY - A tubular compact of separator comprises 60-85 wt% of graphite powder having mean particle size of 50-100 m, and 15-40 wt% of thermosetting resin. The specific resistance and bending strength of the compact are below 300*10- 4 ohm cm and 300 kgf/cm2or more, respectively. The ratio of specific resistance along thickness direction and direction of compact surface is 7 or less.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of separator.    USE -   For solid polymeric fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The separator has high material characteristics such as bending strength but low specific resistance. The reduction in efficiency of electricity generation by increase in internal resistance of a battery is suppressed. The separator excels in workability, electricity generating operation, strength, durability and corrosion resistance.
NOVELTY - A gas flow groove (9) for propagation of heating gas, is formed on the conductive separator. A gas sealing material is used for connecting the gas flow groove and gas discharge unit opposing to heating gas.    USE -   In solid polymeric electrolyte type fuel battery used as power supply for portable electric vehicles, domestic cogenerator system etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Since separator can be formed in thin shape, miniaturization of layer built cell is attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows composition of layer built cell of fuel battery. (9) Gas flow groove.
NOVELTY - Metal slurry (1) comprising metal powder and foaming agent is provided thinly on a carrier sheet (12) and a green sheet (2) is formed. The carrier sheet is peeled off and a foam sheet (3) is formed by sintering the green sheet. Then two sintered compacts (4) are provided on either surfaces of metal plate (5) and the compacts are reinforced.    USE -   For secondary batteries such as nickel hydrogen battery used in hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   As the reverse side of the sintered compact is porous and flat, the bond strength of the sintered compact with the metal plate is enhanced. Therefore the peeling of sintered compact from the metal plate due to change in rate of heat is prevented. As the foam sheet is elongated as desired by sintering, the mass production of substrate is achieved. Therefore the manufacturing cost of the board is reduced. As the bond strength of the metal plate and the sintered compact is enhanced, it can withstand heavy current. Therefore the durability of the board is enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure represents schematic process drawing of electrode active material maintenance board. (1) Metal slurry; (2) Green sheet; (3) Foam sheet; (4) Sintered compact; (5) Metal plate; (12) Carrier sheet.
NOVELTY - The ratio of conductive support agent in anode active material is 5-15 wt% in total amount of conductive support agent. The ratio of graphite is 60-90 wt% in conductive support agent using particle size of 1/50 or less of amorphous carbon for conductive support agent.    USE -   For power supply for electric vehicle, electrically driven cart, video camera, personal computer, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves discharge rate characteristic, by improving discharge capacitance per unit volume.
NOVELTY - A hole or slit is formed continuously before coating of the lead alloy thin plate (11) using paste like active material by pair of rollers (8a,8b) with protrusion.    USE -   For coating plate used for lead storage battery used for motor vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Diffusion of sulfuric acid and water is not inhibited during discharge, as plate formation property is excellent without gas accumulation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the coating process of plate. (8a,8b) Rollers; (11) Thin plate.
NOVELTY - 3-20 m of conductive coating films are formed on the austenitic stainless steel which acts as base material surface and electrically conductive graphite powder mixed with carbon black powder is used as coating films.    USE -   Used for solid polymeric fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   By using graphite powder mixed with carbon powder, the contact resistance on the surface of coating film is reduced. The resistance coating stainless steel surface is reduced by activating it by pickling. When used in the environment of prolonged vibration or shock, a gap is not produced in the contact surface of separator and stable conductivity is maintained.
NOVELTY - A power generation tank is made vacuum and a vacuum pump (9) is installed at the middle of a gas emission pipe line. Regenerated output of the fuel battery promotes emasculation of the chemical reaction, to generated vacuum negative pressure in the tank. Ion, electron and molecule inside the tank are excited and emission of hydride of used gas, air and electricity generation capability is measured.    USE -   Vacuum utilizing type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Excels in electricity generation. Provides small, lightweight fuel battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows box type electricity generation tank. (9) Vacuum pump.
NOVELTY - The L-shaped or pin-shaped terminal for measuring the voltage of pin like potential tap (3) is provided to the separator.    USE -   In fuel battery stack with cell potential tap.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the terminal is suitable for the thin separator, the fuel battery size is reduced and the abnormality of each cell can be promptly detected by the terminal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the external view of the fuel battery stack. (3) Potential tap.
NOVELTY - The battery includes a gas passage board (11) formed from mixture of conductive resin and copper powder. The grooves (6a,6b) in gas passage board enable supplying heating gas and oxidizing gas respectively to electrodes (2a,2b) configured on either sides of solid polymer electrolyte film (1).    USE -   In electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Gas passage board cheaply made from conductive resin offers a favorable electric conductivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded sectional view of the battery. (1) Electrolyte film; (2a,2b) Electrodes; (6a,6b) Grooves; (11) Gas passage board.
NOVELTY - Insulated coating (8) is filled in the gap between the outer surface of winding group (6) and the inner surface of battery container (5) and is applied to at least one polar connection.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Container (5) accommodates an anode (1) and a cathode (2). One face of the winding group (6) is connected to the lead (9) and other end face is connected to another lead.    USE -   Used as power supply for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Design of the battery is such that it prevents short circuit inside it.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the winding type battery. (1) Anode; (2) Cathode; (5) Battery container; (6) Winding group; (8) Insulated coating; (9) Lead.
NOVELTY - Electricity generation component (1) is wound round anode and cathode through a separator. The anode and cathode are placed inside the lead board (9). The cathode terminal (11) is pulled out through the lead board and connected to polar terminal in the battery case.    USE -   In non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Since heat generated in the lead board is released to the exterior of the battery case, temperature raise of the battery is suppressed, therefore destruction of the battery is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of electrode connection structure. (1) Electricity generation component; (9) Lead board; (11) Cathode terminal.
NOVELTY - The surface of a separator (3) is coated with inorganic oxide microparticles. The separator surface is consequently electrified to positive or negative potential in the electrolyte.    USE -   For nickel-cadmium battery, nickel-hydrogen battery used in lead accumulator of motor vehicle, power tool, hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Ionization of the electrolyte is promoted and the mobility of ions in the electrolyte is increased. The dissociation of the ions of the electrolyte near the boundary surface is promoted to increase the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. The internal resistance of the battery is reduced. High voltage charging and discharging characteristics of the battery is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of the battery. (3) Separator.
NOVELTY - Multiple layers of ribs (A) with foam structure are formed using a synthetic pulp material, and are thermally bonded to one side of a porous base material (B) which is formed by wet twisting process. The pulp material consists of an inorganic powder and an inorganic fiber, both of which are acid resistant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for separator manufacturing method.    USE -   In lead storage battery used for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrical resistance is decreased. Resistance to oxidation is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional model figure of the separator. (A) Rib; (B) Porous material base.
NOVELTY - An exhaust port (22a) which communicates the interior of storage battery with exterior, has circular inner peripheral edge which contacts a ball valve (20) having spring contacting surface (20b) and globular surface (20a). A spring (21) energizes the valve such that the valve contacts and seals the circular inner peripheral edge. The valve has width larger than that of exhaust port.    USE -   For nickel-hydrogen battery used in portable telephone, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As the valve contacts and seals the circular inner peripheral edge of exhaust port, sealing of gas inlet port can be reliably and simply performed, thereby operativity is stabilized resulting in favorable durability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows transverse plane sectional view of ball valve type safety valve. (20) Ball valve; (20a) Globular surface; (20b) Spring contacting surface; (21) Spring; (22a) Exhaust port.
NOVELTY - The clad plate of the battery case (1) and cover plate (2) consists of aluminum or nickel or stainless steel. The clad plate composition may alternatively includes aluminum alloy or nickel alloy.    USE -   For battery used as power supply in laptop computer, word processor, electric vehicle, cam corder, portable telephone, LC television and AV apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Eases welding while preventing poor welding and crack generation during welding. Reduces weight and increases industrial value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional of welding part of the battery case with cover plate. (1) Battery case; (2) Cover plate.
NOVELTY - The condenser (6) is connected across the outputs of two diode arrays. The PSU (1) includes a controlled DC/DC converter (7) connected to the output of a diode array and to the power supply output.    USE - To supply DC power for a system of electromagnetically-controlled engine valves, used in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - This PSU costs relatively little, yet is capable of supplying adequate power efficiently, over the entire engine speed range, including during starting. Fuel is saved by use of the DC/DC converter and accumulator in those regions of the generator characteristic, where the generator is less efficient. During normal running it can be switched off, reducing generator flux and eddy current loss.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A block diagram of the power supply is presented.    PSU (1)    condenser (6)    controlled DC/DC converter (7)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell base tube, containing coarse base tube raw material particles or metal oxide particles, is new.    USE - For an integral sintered fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The coarse particles cause nonuniform shrinkage of the base tube on sintering to provide increased porosity and pore diameter for improved energy production properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A base tube for a fuel cell, produced by forming fuel and air electrodes on the base tube surface, consists of a mixture of the base tube raw material and either coarse particles of the same material or a metal oxide. Preferred Features: The mixture comprises the base tube raw material (especially calcium oxide-stabilized zirconia) of 1 microns average particle diameter and 10-40 wt. % of either coarse particles of at least 5 microns particle diameter or NiO, CoO or FeO particles of the same diameter as the base tube raw material or of at least 5 microns particle diameter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell base electrode.    porous base tube (1)    fuel electrode (2)    solid electrolyte (3)    air electrode (4)    connector (5)
A voltage multiplier circuit is based on a charge pump (20) and a control device (31), in which the charge pump (20) has a first (21) and a second (22) supply terminal as well as an output (23) for a multiplied voltage (VCP). The control device (31) measures the output multiped voltage and outputs a control signal depending on the amplitude of the multiplied voltage (VCP).    A current limiting device (30) is connected to the supply terminals (21,22) of charge pump (20), supplies the charge pump and receives the control signal (15) from the control device (31), whereby the charging current (12) of the charge pump (20) is adjusted in correspondence to the control signal (15) supplied from the control device.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduced current consumption by charge pump.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery containing gas guide plates features that at least two gas guide plats parallel basically are contained in it and between them the carbon paper, catalyst, electrolyte. Catalyst and carbon paper are sequentially arranged and said gas guide plate has gas guide slots composed of one or more segments. The total cross-section of each segment is gradually reduced from gas inlet to gas outlet.    USE -   Fuel battery containing gas guide board.    ADVANTAGES -   The oxygen in air flowing in gas guide slots has an intensive diffusion towards catalyst and electrolyte, so stabilizing the performance of generating electricity.
NOVELTY - The battery (1) has a number of cells, each with plates on either sides of separators (7) linked by a common bridge. The end cells have a lug (13) projecting upwards. A main terminal (17) extends from the lug to form an external connection point. An additional projection (29) is used for measurements. A circuit measures the voltage across the user terminals and across the measurement terminals, for determining the battery capacity.    USE - Battery capacity measurement    ADVANTAGE - By measuring across the two pairs of terminals, the current capacity of the battery can be deduced and displayed    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an end view of a battery having extra discharge measurement facilities.    Battery with number of cells (1)    Lug extending from cells at each end (13)    Normal external terminals (17)    Additional measurement terminals (29)
NOVELTY - The cell has a construction which restrains resilient gas diffusion layers (312, 312') from impingement or encroachment of field flow plate channels, and improves contact between the gas diffusion layers and membrane electrode assembly (310).    USE - For fluid service in fuel cell assemblies e.g. in the automotive industry.    ADVANTAGE - The mechanical components of the cell are supported in such an away as to promote fluid flow and electrical conductivity within the cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Method of promoting fluid service for a fuel cell assembly by; (a) Providing a flow field plate having an open-face flow channel in its face extending between inlet and exit fluid manifolds and adapted to service at least one fluid for a membrane electrode assembly (310) of the fuel cell. (b) Locating a resilient gas diffusion layer (312, 312') between the flow field plate face and the membrane assembly adapted to dynamically occupy a space in the fuel cell assembly. (c) Restraining the gas diffusion layer against entering the flow channel under a compressive force applied to the fuel cell assembly including abutting the first side of a support member with the flow field plate face and the second side with the gas diffusion layer, the support member formed with a plurality of openings for fluid service. The method is also used to promote electrical conductivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side section of a fuel cell.    Fluid flow plates (200, 200')    Anode and cathode faces (202, 202')    Fuel flow channels (204, 204')    Membrane electrode assembly (310)    Gas diffusion layers (312, 312')    Lands (314, 314')    Support members (520, 520')    First sides of supports (530, 532)    Second sides of supports (530', 532')    Openings (534, 534')    Interfaces (550, 550')
NOVELTY - Conductive resin composition(I) comprising (A) liquid crystal polymer(s) and (B) conductive filler(s) is claimed.    USE -   (I) and (II) are used as material for preparation of separators and seals for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   (I) and (II) are prepared and molded readily. (I) and (II) give molded articles having good mechanical strength, conductivity, sealing properties and resistance gas-permeation.
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide removal device consists of a catalytic reaction chamber (12) filled with a modifying gas and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (11). Carbon monoxide and hydrogen are passed through it.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalytic reaction chamber is filled with a modifying gas and contains carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen are passed through it. It is adjoined through a partition (13) to a cooling medium chamber (14). Cooling medium chamber is supplied with water preheated to more than the minimum reaction temperature of the catalyst to cover the partition. The pressure of the cooling chamber is setup, so that the boiling temperature of the steam under high pressure provides the optimum reaction temperature of the carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst.    USE -   Used in fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   A high catalytic activity is maintained as the carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst is maintained at a fixed temperature. Exhaustion of hydrogen is minimum and the thermal efficiency is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The diagram shows the carbon monoxide removal device. (11) Carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst; ; (12) Catalytic reaction chamber; ; (13) Partition; ; (14) Cooling medium chamber.
NOVELTY - Capacitive degradation coefficient is multiplied with an assessed value of discharge electric energy and detection error correction value is added with the detected value of discharge electric energy, by which two computing equations are obtained. The two equations are solved and detection error correction value and capacitive degradation coefficient are calculated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A power detector (12) and electric energy detector (11) detect the discharge power and discharge electric energy of the battery, respectively. A resistance degradation coefficient calculator calculates degradation coefficient which shows the degradation of internal resistance of battery, based on which a power compensation unit (13) adjusts the detected discharge power to an initial state. First stage characteristic of discharge electric energy of the battery is stored in an initial characteristic memory from which a discharge electric energy estimator obtains assessed value of discharge electric energy based on the adjusted discharge power.    USE -   In battery power discharge measuring apparatus used in electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves estimation accuracy of capacitive degradation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows entire components of battery. (11) Energy detector; (12) Power detector; (13) Power compensation unit.
NOVELTY - Lithium ion polymer batteries (n1-nn) are connected in parallel. The electrical double layer capacitor (m) connected in parallel with batteries form one module (M1). Several modules (M1-Mn) are connected in series by connecting capacitors in series.    USE -   In charger for e.g. electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Charging system is simplified and there is no high voltage generation in capacitor. Discharge can be performed at high speed with improved safety. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic circuit diagram of charger. (M1-Mn) Modules; (m) Electrical double layer capacitor; (n1-nn) Batteries.
NOVELTY - The terminal voltage across capacitor during start and termination of electric motor drive, is detected. The electric power output from motor (2) is calculated using terminal voltage. The electrostatic capacitance of capacitor (6) is computed using the calculated power. The actual capacitance and the computed capacitance are compared to judge degradation of capacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The control circuit controls electric power supply to generator of vehicle and charging/discharging of capacitor based on transit condition of vehicle. Initially, the terminal voltage across capacitor prior to connection of electric load is detected using voltmeter. Then terminal voltage and current across capacitor after connection of load is detected. The internal resistance of capacitor is calculated using the measured voltage and current.    USE -   For capacitor that stores driving power of electric motor used in hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables detection of drive condition of electric motor using charging/discharging capability of capacitor. Provides timely warning on capacitor degradation, thereby enabling user to exchange capacitor without further damage to engine. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of capacitor degradation apparatus. (2) Motor; (6) Capacitor.
NOVELTY - A front wind mill (3) is attached to the front frame (2). Wind mills (7,7') are installed at rear side of vehicle relative to engine chamber. The wind mills are arranged on left and right sides integrally using a cylindrical hood (10). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A protection frame and an air regulator (11) are attached at wind mills.    USE -   For wind mill installation on electric or motor vehicles for power generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides non-pollution, since amount of battery mounting is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial cross-sectional view and perspective view of power generating system. (2) Front frame; (3,7,7') Wind mills; (10) Protection frame; (11) Air regulator.
NOVELTY - A copper board (4) and an electrically insulating and heat conducting thin resin plate (5) contacts all cells (1-3) of the battery pack. A temperature sensor (6) contacts copper board.    USE -   For battery pack used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not need more than one temperature sensor for monitoring temperature of battery pack with several cells. Serves as overcharge protection device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of the battery temperature detector. (1-3) Battery cells; (4) Copper board; (5) Resin plate; (6) Temperature sensor.
NOVELTY - The battery is heated at 60-90 C for 0.5-8 hours after assembly, such that the open circuit voltage of battery after assembly is below 3.6 V.    USE -   For manufacturing polymer lithium ion secondary battery used for portable equipment, electric vehicle, road leveling etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents reduction of capacitance at high temperature storage and hence offers excellent storage characteristic at high temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional drawing of polymer lithium ion secondary battery.
NOVELTY - Fuel battery laminate (20) is sandwiched between upper portion (31) of upper end plate (30) and lower portion (41) of lower end plate (40). Two flat plates (32,42) placed adjoining end plates in upper and lower portions are divided into small blocks (32a,42a). The end plates are tightened by tightening mechanism (11) through flexible unit (15).    USE -   In fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since end plates are tightened, fuel battery laminate contact property is improved thereby improving electricity generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of fuel battery apparatus. (11) Tightening mechanism; (15) Flexible unit; (20) Fuel battery laminate; (30) Upper end plate; (31) Upper portion; (32,42) Flat plates; (32a,42a) Blocks; (40) Lower end plate; (41) Lower portion.
NOVELTY - The end pin (25) of hold pin (20) is inserted into hold pin inserting entrance hole (11) and retaining inserting entrance hole (12) to join with retainer (10) which holds a cell (13) projecting from exterior of separator (2B). The projecting portion fits into pin end insertion hole (26) of hold pin of adjoining cell, thus laminating the cells.    USE -   In solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since hold pin is used for laminating, lamination of many cells can be performed quickly and reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of cell composition of solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery. (2B) Separator; (10) Retainer; (11) Hold pin inserting entrance hole; (12) Retaining inserting entrance hole; (13) Cell; (20) Hold pin; (25) End pin; (26) Pin end insertion hole.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen pressure in main storage tank (12) is detected, based on which hydrogen is supplied to external load from respective auxiliary and main tanks (14,12) via respective supply paths. A supply path switching unit supplies and stores hydrogen in the auxiliary tank (14) via suitable supply path switching unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus has main storage tank (12) and auxiliary tank (14) connected by interconnecting two-way valve (40). Both tanks are connected to battery (16) through directional switch (46). Pressure indicators (22,24) and thermometers (32,34) are attached to the tanks. The tanks have water cooled hydrogen occluding elements. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen supply control method.    USE -   For fuel battery for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Auxiliary tank releases hydrogen at lower temperature and is used for start-up of battery, thereby obviating need for heating main tank. Supplementary tank is always kept filled, by equalizing pressure in the two tanks. Battery can be started fast and easily by securing operation safety. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hydrogen supply controller. (12) Main storage tank; (14) Auxiliary tank; (16) Battery; (22,24) Pressures indicators; (32,34) Thermometers; (46) Switch.
NOVELTY - Air is supplied from air compressor (1), to a modifier (2), via a flow path. A switching unit (4) changes air discharge from air compressor, to any of fuel battery (3) and the modifier. A controller (7) controls the compressor so that temperature of air at the time of starting of the modifier, is set to predefined value.    USE -   In motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Speeds start-up reaction of fuel gas generation, thereby shortening battery starting time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure is a schematic diagram of the air compressor control mechanism. (1) Air compressor; (2) Modifier; (3) Fuel battery; (4) Switching unit; (7) Controller.
NOVELTY - The airtight container (50) has two sealed parallel tubes (51,52) of different heights interconnected by joining tube (53). The container is tilted horizontally so that liquid in it reaches the joining tube, and then tilted vertically. In the vertical position, portion of the liquid with vapor above its surface (s) remains in the joining tube.    USE -   In gas-liquid separator for fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Small and light-weight gas-liquid separator is offered and hence installation space, is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram explaining the separator. (50) Airtight container; (51,52) Parallel tubes; (53) Joining tube; (s) Evaporation surface.
NOVELTY - The sealant consists of the liquid-like vulcanized per-fluoro vulcanized rubber having viscosity below 105 poise at room temperature and has poly tetra fluoro ethylene fine powder added to it.    USE -   For laminated fuel battery sealant.    ADVANTAGE -   Usage of vulcanized rubber for the seal martensite more reliable and thin seals can be made. The seal can be applied at low pressure even on uneven contact surface.
NOVELTY - A seal is provided on periphery of gas passage board through which oxidizing gas and heating gas is supplied to electrode. An oxidizing gas feed zone material (5af) notched with gas supply groove (5ae), is arranged at oxidizing gas supply opening of seal (5a). A fuel feed zone material formed with fuel feed grooves, is connected to heating gas supply opening of seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Electrodes are distributed on either sides of solid polymer electrolyte film. A gas passage board supplies heating gas through flow groove to one side of electrode and supplies oxidizing gas to other side of electrode.    USE -   In solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The battery has favorable sealing property and is highly economical. Deburring process is unnecessary. The battery that excels in seal function, supply of oxidizing agent, heating gas is favored. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of sealant. (5a) Seal; (5ae) Gas supply groove; (5af) Oxidizing gas feed zone material.
NOVELTY - The structure includes a gas-permeable board (21) incorporating a cooling pipe (22). Gas-impermeable boards (24) are affixed to upper and lower surface of the gas-permeable board. A fluororesin film (25) is then fixed along the end faces of gas-permeable board such that it extends to junction part of gas-permeable and gas-impermeable boards. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of cooling structure.    USE -   In fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   As the fluororesin film is extended to junction parts of gas-permeable and gas-impermeable boards, penetration of gas seal and an electrolyte even after prolonged use is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows expanded sectional diagram of portion of cooling structure. (21) Gas-permeable board; (22) Cooling pipe; (24) Gas-impermeable board; (25) Fluororesin film.
NOVELTY - A graphite material has a graphite interlayer distance (d002 ) of 0.338 nm or less. The Raman spectrum of the graphite material shows two peaks at 1340 cm-1 and 1580 cm-1 and the peak ratio (I1340 /I1580 ) is 0.5 or more. The graphite material shows shoulder-shaped peaks at 1310-1320 cm-1 and 1340 cm-1in the Raman spectrum.     DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A graphite material is obtained by graphitizing carbon material at more than 2500 C in the presence of boron compound. The graphite material has a graphite interlayer distance (d002 ) of 0.338 nm or less, Lc of 35 nm or more and La of 50 nm or more (where Lc and La are the dimensions of the microcrystal along C axis and a axis, respectively). The peak ratio (P101 /P100 ) for the (101) and (100) planes of the graphite material is 1.0 or more. The graphite material has a shoulder-shaped peak at 1310-1320 cm-1 and 1340 cm-1 in the Raman spectrum. The Raman spectrum of the graphite material shows two peaks at 1340 cm-1 and 1580 cm-1 and the peak ratio (I1340 /I1580) is 0.5 or more. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the graphite material. The carbon material is maintained at 2200-2400 C for 20 minutes or more. Subsequently the carbon material is graphitized in the presence of boron at more than 2500 C.    USE -   For negative electrode of lithium secondary batteries used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The graphite material is highly graphitized and has a large charging and discharging capacity.
NOVELTY - The material comprises LixMyCo1-yO2 with a concentration of 1018 pieces/g for an electron spin resonance value `g'=2.15. The values of `X' and `Y' range between 0-1.25 and 0-0.25, respectively.    USE -   For non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery used in various electronic machines, electric vehicle and power storage systems.    ADVANTAGE -   The anode active material is stable up to a temperature range of 20 - 30 C, thus ensuring safety when used under high temperature environment.
NOVELTY - Conductive material of mean particle diameter of one micrometer or less, constitutes the negative electrode. The negative electrode so formed is adhered to collector using specific binders.    USE -   For non-aqueous secondary battery e.g. lithium ion secondary battery used in portable electronic equipments like video camera, notebook type personal computer (PC), portable telephones, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   The negative electrode suppresses capacitance reduction.
NOVELTY - Solid polymer electrolyte is obtained by mixing a compound containing phosphorus and high molecular compound containing polar and hydrocarbon groups.    USE -   Used as an electrolyte film in fuel batteries for electrolysis of water, brine and halogen acids, an oxygen enricher, humidity sensor and gas sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   The solid polymer electrolyte has high durability and oxidation resistance. The electrolyte can be manufactured economically.
NOVELTY - An electrolyte which consists of high molecular compound with a hydrocarbon part is provided to which a functional group containing phosphorus is introduced.    USE -   For fuel batteries used as power source for motor vehicles and for electrolysis of water, halide acid electrolysis, brine electrolysis, oxygen enricher, humidity sensor, gas sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrolyte has excellent oxidation resistance. Highly durable solid polymer electrolyte can be manufactured inexpensively.
NOVELTY - A short circuit detector circuit (8) and an impressed current circuit (9) are mounted on a wiring board (2). The circuit (8) is connected to a power supply line (7) of load circuit (5) through a connection line (21) so as to detect short circuit of set battery driving circuit (1). The circuit (9) is connected to the driving circuit through another connection line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Positive and negative supply lines of set battery (4) are individually connected to respective input terminals of the load circuit. The impressed current circuit supplies electric power to the circuit (1) during short circuit inspection from an external low-voltage supply (3).    USE -   For detecting short circuit of set battery driving circuit in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Complication of circuit composition is avoided by providing separate connection lines. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the short circuit detector of the set battery driving circuit. (1) Set battery driving circuit; (2) Wiring board; (3) External low-voltage supply; (4) Set battery; (5) Load circuit; (7) Power supply line; (8) Short circuit detector circuit; (9) Impressed current circuit; (21) Connection line.
NOVELTY - High output density secondary battery (15B) and high energy density secondary battery (15A), both of lithium ion type are connected in parallel to form battery unit. Number of cells in both batteries is maintained equal.    USE -   For parallel hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   By having thin active material in the secondary batteries, internal resistance of the set is reduced. Gives high density output easily thus making acceleration smooth and fast.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit of the battery unit. (15A) Higher energy secondary battery; (15B) High output secondary battery.
NOVELTY - The total thickness ratio which the total thickness of electrode substrates divided by the total thickness of electrode active material layers is not less than 0.045 and not more than 0.31.    USE - The battery is used in an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The lithium secondary battery reduces internal resistance to attain good charging-discharging characteristics and obtain high output and large current.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lithium secondary battery comprises a positive electrode (2), a negative electrode (3), an internal electrode body (1) and an organic electrolyte. The electrodes (2, 3) are wound through separator (4) so that the electrodes (2, 3) are not brought into direct contact with each other. A total thickness (microns) of electrode substrates is divided by a total thickness (microns) of electrode active material layers, and the resultant ratio is a total thickness ratio which is not less than 0.045 and not more than 0.31.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a lithium secondary battery comprising a positive electrode (2), a negative electrode (3), an internal electrode body (1) and an organic electrolyte. The electrodes (2, 3) are wound through separator (4) so that the electrodes (2, 3) are not brought into direct contact with each other. When the number of winding (round/cm) of electrode (2) or electrode (3) per unit length along the direction of diameter of the body (1) is multiplied by total thickness (cm) of the electrode active material layers, being designated as a correction winding density (round), the correction winding density is not less than 0.73 (round).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a perspective view of the structure of a wound-type internal electrode body.    Internal electrode body (1)    Positive electrode (2)    Negative electrode (3)    Separator (4)    Tabs (5)
NOVELTY - The tempering system is designed so that the battery is inserted in a U shaped container (4), which forms at the longitudinal walls (5) and at the base (5) of the battery a cavity for the conducting of the air flow. Also entry and outlet openings (9,10) are provided for the air flow. The container (4) has sealing lips (8) at the edges (7) bear battery housing.    USE - Tempering system for motor vehicle battery, container surrounding battery guides air flow circulating walls of battery for heat exchanging .    ADVANTAGE - Esp. for starter batteries in motor vehicles, facilitates uniform tempering of battery to provide optimum power output in varying ambient conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 shows conventional starter battery with connection poles and filling openings.    Tempering container (4)    Air inlet opening (9)    Air outlet opening (10)    Deflection units (11)    Battery walls (5)    Battery base (6)
NOVELTY - A water transport plate for a fuel cell has a maximum thru-plane resistivity of 0.04 ohm-cm, a minimum compressive yield strength of 750 psi, a maximum pore size of 3.0 microns, a minimum open porosity of 30 volume percent and a bubble pressure of 5-15 psig. The water permeability through the transport plate is 30 x 10-17 - 2000 x 10-17 m2.    USE - The water transport plate is used in a fuel cell for water management.    ADVANTAGE - The water transport plate has an improved structural integrity. It has a more uniform bubble pressure. Due to these advantages, the use of thinner components which results in reduced cost and greater power per unit volume is made possible. An optimal balance between bubble pressure and water permeability is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of using the water transport plate in a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Control circuit (22) generates control signals in response to the output of the sensors (30A-30D) indicating the output of a stator (18) of a generator (16) equipped with a rotor (20) driven by the output shaft (32) of an engine (14). Actuator (36) controls the setting of a throttle (34) of the engine for controlling the rotating speed of the engine based on the control signal from the control circuit.    USE - For portable generator.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to provide regulated voltage regardless of speed and current fluctuations. Enables to provide a generator which is lightweight and compact, while at the same time suitable for high output applications. Activates individual windings selectively to achieve desired output and provides high current or high voltage by changing the connection of windings. Prevents system overload or overheating by varying the power output of the generator according to system parameters. Provides optimal heat distribution among several windings by varying the activation of the windings. Enables to provide regulated DC voltages for a wide range of input drive RPM. Facilitates fuel economy and noise abatement by controlling throttle based on the load.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the portable generator.    Engine (14)    Generator (16)    Stator (18)    Rotor (20)    Control circuit (22)    Sensors (30A-30D)    Output shaft (32)    Throttle (34)    Actuator (36)
NOVELTY - The battery tester (10) uses a computer system (22,24,26) that includes a multiple connection (14) to the various battery monitor modules (18). As battery assembly (16) proceeds the tester determines the voltage of each battery after it is mounted and connected, and that each temperature sensor (20) is operating correctly. When the last battery is connected, the testing algorithm prints out a record of the assembly thereby confirming the integrity of the battery tub.    USE - Testing battery tub components for an electric vehicle    ADVANTAGE - Sequentially tests individual cell voltage and connection integrity during assembly    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An individual claim is included for a method of testing a battery tub during assembly    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic diagram of battery tester    Tester (10)    Connection (14)    Battery (16)    Monitor modules (18)    Thermistor (20)    Computer system (22,24,26)
NOVELTY - A capacitor (2) supplies electric power to a robot (1). A voltage sensor (5) detects output voltage of the capacitor. A voltage reduction judging unit (16) judges whether output voltage of the capacitor is below predetermined voltage based on the output of the voltage sensor. When reduction in voltage is judged, executing operation is terminated or a management unit (14) indicates alternate operations. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (11) controls operation of the robot. A fuel battery (8) charges the capacitor using a charging circuit (9).    USE -   For robot.    ADVANTAGE -   Since voltage reduction is indicated using voltage sensor and judging unit, incorrect operation of the robot is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the control block diagram of the robot. (1) Robot; (2) Capacitor; (5) Voltage sensor; (8) Fuel battery; (9) Charging unit; (11) Controller; (14) Management unit; (16) Judging unit.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery unit (2) supplies electric power to a leg-type mobile robot (1) through a charging circuit (3) and a capacitor (4). A supplementary charging unit (10) charges the capacitor using electric power supplied by an external energizer (9). A fuel cylinder (8) supplies fuel to the fuel battery unit.    USE -   For leg-type mobile robot.    ADVANTAGE -   The supplementary charging unit enables exchange of fuel cylinder without stopping operation of the robot. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows control block diagram of power supply system of leg-type mobile robot. (1) Leg-type mobile robot; (2) Fuel battery unit; (3) Charging circuit; (4) Capacitor; (8) Fuel cylinder; (9) External energizer; (10) Supplementary charging unit.
NOVELTY - A controller (4) controls operation of a robot. A capacitor (3) is used as a power supply for the robot. A fuel battery unit (1) charges the capacitor. A DC-DC converter (8) is used to initiates the fuel battery unit. When the controller stops the operation of the robot, a charging circuit (2) charges the capacitor to maximum rated voltage before stopping the fuel battery.    USE -   For robot.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the capacitor is charged fully before stopping the fuel battery, re-starting of the battery can be performed easily without using supplementary power supply unit. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the power supply control block diagram of the robot. (1) Fuel battery unit; (2) Charging circuit; (3) Capacitor; (4) Controller; (8) DC-DC converter.
NOVELTY - Reformer has a device for feeding fuel gas (5) through the cooling region (9) and the subsequent heating region (11) each counter-currently to the reformate product flowing through the CO shift stage (10) and to the starting mixture flowing through the reformer stage (12).    USE - In steam reforming of methanol in fuel cell vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer is compact and mobile.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reformer comprises a reformer stage (12) to convert of a starting mixture (2) into a reformate product using an endothermic reaction; a CO shift stage (10) for converting carbon monoxide contained in the reformate product into carbon dioxide via the CO shift reaction; a catalytic burner unit (3, 8, 9, 11) to produce heat by catalytically burning a fuel gas (5) consisting of a heating region (11) and a cooling region (9) with low catalytic activity; and a device for feeding fuel gas (5) through the cooling region (9) and the subsequent heating region (11) each counter-currently to the reformate product flowing through the CO shift stage (10) and to the starting mixture flowing through the reformer stage (12).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of the reformer.    reaction chamber (1)    starting mixture (2)    catalytic burner unit (3, 8, 9, 11)    fuel gas (5)    reformer stage (12)
NOVELTY - A material for a novel fuel cell separator obtained by molding a mixture containing at least a conductive powder and a binder which is a rubber-modified phenolic resin.    USE - The material is used for a fuel cell separator for use in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell separator has superior impact resistance or tenacity, causes no rupture when formed into a thin plate and used in a fuel cell, and has density and electrical properties equivalent to conventional products.
NOVELTY - A steam generating evaporator (6) for a fuel cell reformer comprising water nozzles (7) projecting into a vertical open-top cavity positioned in a hot gas flow path.    USE - For generating steam for a reformer used to convert natural gas into hydrogen and carbon dioxide for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The evaporator can use tap water, instead of the usual expensive demineralized water, without problems since scale deposits are detached from its walls by thermal stresses and drop into the collection tank for removal during normal servicing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The evaporator (6) is positioned in the fuel cell off-gas flow path and is closed at its bottom by a removable collector tank (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of an evaporator.    hot gas (1)    steam (3)    collection tank (4)    evaporator (6)    water nozzles (7)    cavity (9)
NOVELTY - A system for temperature control of the cabin of a car with an electric motor or hybrid drive comprises: a coolant circuit which comprises a primary circuit (2) with: an internal heat exchanger (7) that is provided for heat exchange with a first air flow which is directed into the cabin; an external heat exchanger (9) that is provided to exchange heat with a second air flow; and a pressure reducer (11) located between the internal and external heat exchangers; a secondary circuit (3) with a compressor (13) and a changeover device (4) between the primary and secondary circuits to circulate the coolant in the primary circuit in a selected direction of rotation.    USE - For the temperature control of cabin of car with electric motor or hybrid drive.    ADVANTAGE - In the heating mode of the car, at least the internal heat exchanger is partially relieved in load so as to reduce the current consumption whilst the heat generated by the batteries and the drive system is used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The internal and external heat exchangers each serve as evaporator and condenser in a cooling mode and as condenser and evaporator in a heating mode. The car is operated with so-called high temperature batteries which are cooled by a liquid which circulates in a coolant circuit (5). The coolant circuit comprises a branch circuit (50) which comprises a heat exchanger (54) of the liquid/air type, located in the path of the first air flow, plus a charging valve (51) which is suited for circulating the coolant in the branch circuit in the heating mode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the air conditioning circuit    primary circuit (2) (2)    secondary circuit (3) (3)    changeover device (4) (4)    coolant circuit (5) (5)    internal heat exchanger (7) (7)    external heat exchanger (9) (9)    pressure reducer (11) (11)    compressor (13) (13)
NOVELTY - Walls of inlet and outlet channels for flows (34, 36) are mutually-parallel and lie opposite the block of cells (12). They form outer casing walls orientated parallel to the coolant flow direction.    USE - A battery casing containing the cells and a coolant flow.    ADVANTAGE - The design maintains battery cooling, whilst maximizing maximum possible cell density, reducing overall size of the unit. Pressure loss and energy consumption associated with the cooling flow, are minimized, hence cooling equipment can be lighter and more economic. More uniform cooling without dead spaces is expected. Low casing height can be achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The plan view illustrates casing, cells and flow path. No dead spaces are observed, unlike prior art.    block of cells (12)    coolant flows (34, 36)
NOVELTY - A reset circuit (24) is activated should the voltage regulator (20) detect undervoltage, or should the safety unit (26) detect malfunction of the controller (22). The controller (22) sensing the ignition switch signal (KL15), the continued operation signal (SWNL) and the control line signal (NL), determines that a fault exists.    USE - To maintain supply to a control unit containing SRAM memory, in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Maintaining supply, prevents data loss otherwise occurring in about 3 seconds. Provision to check memory contents during switch-on is also described.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A block schematic diagram appears.    voltage regulator (20)    controller (22)    reset circuit (24)    safety unit (26)
NOVELTY - The transformer has two flat windings (16,18,22,26) and a core. The windings lie in two parallel planes and border on a central opening. The core defines a magnetic path through the central opening and surrounds the two flat windings. The windings are formed from a winding wire whose cross-section is larger in a direction parallel to the winding plane than it is in a direction perpendicular to the winding plane.    USE - E.g. for converting 12 V to 48 V at up to 1000 W.    ADVANTAGE - Small size and high power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a window heater for a motor vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the DC transformer.    Flat windings (16,18,22,26)
NOVELTY - Reductive processes are promoted in a biological system by providing an electrochemical bioreactor system having a cathode and an anode compartment, and placing an amount of neutral red and a biological catalyst in the cathode compartment. The compartments are separated by a cation selective membrane. The cathode and anode are connected by a conductive material to a power supply.    USE - The method is used for promoting reductive processes in a biological system.    ADVANTAGE - The electrical energy may be used to promote cell growth or fermentation, or enzymatic transformation in the presence of neutral red. The neutral red promotes the generation of electrical energy from waste material comprising mixed bacterial populations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) a method of generating electricity using a biological system;    (B) a method of detecting the presence of a specific organic or inorganic test compound in a sample; and    (C) a method of measuring the chemical oxygen demand in waste water.    The method (A) includes: (A1) providing an electrochemical fuel cell system; (A2) placing an anolyte in the anode compartment; (A3) placing a suitable catholyte in the cathode compartment; and (A4) allowing the neutral red-mediated conversion of chemical reducing power to electricity.    The method (B) includes: (B1) providing a biosensor; (B2) placing an anolyte and a catholyte in the anode and the cathode compartments, respectively; (B3) allowing oxidation of any test compound in the sample and reduction of a portion of oxidized neutral red; (B4) allowing transfer of electrons from neutral red to the cathode; and (B5) detecting the generation of an electrical current.    The method (C) includes: (C1) step (A1)-(A4) and (C2) measuring the electrical current generated by the fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprises an anode, a cathode, a solid polymer electrolyte film interposed between the anode and cathode, an anode-side conductive separator plate having a gas passage for feeding fuel gas to the anode, and a cathode-side conductive separator plate.    USE - The fuel cell is used for portable electric sources, electric sources for an electric car, domestic co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The invented fuel cell has a low production cost and has the advantage of compactness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anode-side and cathode-side conductive plates each comprise a metal and a conductive coated anti-oxidative film covering the metal surface.
NOVELTY - The back-up power source (52) is contained within fuse component (42) that is plugged into existing fuse block. The fuse component includes positive and ground prongs (54,55) connected to the poles of battery through leads (58,59), respectively. Power from fuse component is fed to real time clock via back-up power wire and a diode.    USE - For real-time clock of on-board device controller like engine control module of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Life span of back-up battery is increased. The fuse component includes a fuse casing made of moldable plastic to maintain environmental soundness of fuse component, to prevent leakage of encased back-up battery and to protect battery from external electric impulses or EMF.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for vehicle operating conditions monitoring system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top elevation of fuse component of battery back-up system.    Fuse component (42)    Power source (52)    Positive and ground prongs (54,55)    Leads (58,59)
NOVELTY - A carbon electrode is formed from hydrogenated and sulfonated carbon material.    USE - For supercapacitors for defense applications, consumer goods and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The mechanical strength, conductivity (about 25 siemens/cm), surface area (above 500 m2/g) and charge storage characteristics (above 200 farads/g) of the carbon electrode, are improved. The strong, porous carbon network has improved ability to be fabricated to net-shape from pressed powder compact, extruded powder compact or porous polymer sheet forms. The manufacturing method is simple and inexpensive. Thin carbon electrodes with improved supercapacitor performance are obtained.
NOVELTY - Polyvinylidene chloride and polyvinylchloride copolymer polymer film is heated in inert atmosphere at 160 degreesC for 14 hours or more to form stabilized polymer film, which is heated at 740-750 degreesC and temperature is increased at a specific uniform rate to form carbon film. The carbon film is activated at 750-850 degreesC to form microporous carbon film having gravimetric electrical capacitance of 120-315 F/g.    USE - Used as electrode in energy storage devices (claimed), such as supercapacitors for home audio or video equipment, computers and electrical vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - High performance carbon film is produced inexpensively from readily available organic polymer starting material. The carbon electrode material has large surface area, hence high volumetric capacitance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves heating polymer film (105) consisting of polyvinylidene chloride and polyvinylchloride copolymer in air or inert atmosphere at first heating temperature of 160 degreesC for 14 hours or more to form stabilized polymer film. The polymer film is provided between graphite or ceramic plate (110) separated by spacers. The height of the spacer is twice the thickness of polymer film. The stabilized polymer film is heated from first to second heating temperature of 740-750 degreesC. The temperature is increased further at a uniform rate of 5 degreesC/min for 1 hour to form carbon film. The carbon film is activated by introducing oxidizing gas and displacing inert atmosphere when the film is at 750-850 degreesC for 1-6 hours. The gravimetric electrical capacitance of the microporous carbon film is 120-315 F/g.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the mode of restraining a polymer film material.    Copolymer film (105)    Graphite or ceramic plates (110)    Spacers (115)
NOVELTY - Multiple battery accommodation spaces (27) are provided in the battery case (25). The case supporting units (29) which laminate the battery accommodation spaces, overlap with each other. A terminal cover is installed to each opening of the edge portions of the case, so that the case is airtight.    USE -   In electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Since terminal cover is provided to the case, the entry of air and water in the battery accommodation space is prevented. Since case supporting elements overlap with each other, number of battery cells mounted to a vehicle is altered easily. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows front elevation of battery case. (25) Battery case; (27) Battery accommodation space; (29) Case supporting unit.
NOVELTY - A reactor (24) provided between an external energizer (20) and a motor (10), constitutes portion of magnetic steel sheet of stator. Electric power supplied from external energizer is temporarily stored in the reactor. The stored energy is then discharged to a battery (12).    USE -   For battery charger mounted in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the reactor constitutes portion of the winding wire of the motor, volume occupied by the charger is small. As the magnetic core of reactor is not needed separately, weight reduction is attained and thus resulting in cost reduction. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit block diagram of the battery charger. (10) Motor; (12) Battery; (20) External energizer; (24) Reactor.
NOVELTY - The battery system consists of an evaporator (2), a reformer (3), a carbon dioxide reduction part (4) containing an improver (1) (as a hydrogen source) and a heating unit (6). The evaporator evaporates and raises the temperature of the raw material. The reformer converts the raw material to hydrogen. The heater provided in the coolant inlet part of the reduction part heats the coolant.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   Humidification of the fuel battery inlet is eliminated. Electricity generation time is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel battery system. (10) Improver; ; (2) Evaporator; ; (3) Reformer; ; (4) CO reduction part; ; (6) Heating unit.
NOVELTY - The alkaline battery consists of nickel hydroxide as a positive electrode active material. Oxycobalt hydroxide which is obtained by treating -cobalt hydroxide with an oxidizing agent, is present in the surface of nickel hydroxide.    USE -   Such as nickel-hydrogen storage battery, nickel-cadmium storage battery and nickel-zinc storage battery for portable electronic goods, electrical vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   High conductivity cobalt oxide is provided on the surface of nickel hydroxide. Durability and discharge characteristic of the battery are enhanced.
NOVELTY - Charging and discharging current calculators (10,12) use data about charging state of a battery and fluctuation of charging and discharging current. Electric power supposition units (14,16) output estimation signal indicating minimum and maximum allowable voltages depending on output of the calculators (10,12).    USE -   To estimate maximum input-output electric power of battery in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Since fluctuation of charging and discharging is considered during estimation of threshold levels, usage range of battery is enhanced without affecting life span of the battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the maximum input-output electric power estimation apparatus. (10,12) Charging and discharging current calculators; (14,16) Electric power supposition units.
NOVELTY - The annular space inside an acryl manufacturing double pipe is filled with processed water so that it will crystallize above 5 C around the target object whose heat is to be retained and preventing temperature reduction.    USE -   To prevent reduction of temperature in water pipes, warm water feed pipe, for heat retention in lithium and nickel hydrogen secondary battery used in hybrid motor vehicle and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The reduction of temperature of the target object below 0 C is prevented and hence prolonged anti-freeze effect is ensured. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the double pipe.
NOVELTY - A resin film is dipped in a bath of silicone resin to form a silicone resin coated film. The metal composite is produced by pasting the silicone resin coated film over one side of the thin metal plate.    USE -   For use as cushioning material for electronic component and as packing material for separator of fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Metal composite has excellent heat resistant property.
NOVELTY - Nickel type reforming catalysts consist of compound oxides in which nickel and at least one element selected from the groups 3B, 4A, 6B, 7B, and 1A elements and lanthanoids are highly dispersed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Nickel type reforming catalysts consist of compound oxides of formula (I) and M and Ni are highly dispersed in the compound oxides. Formula (I) aM.bNi.cMg.dCa.eO a, b, c, d, and e = mole fractions; a + b + c + d = 1; a = 0.0001 - 0.1; b = 0.0001 - 0.1; c + d = 0.8 - 0.9998; c = 0 - 0.9998; d = 0 - 0.9998; e = a number which is required to maintain charge equilibrium between the elements and oxygen; M = at least one element selected from the groups 3B, 4A, 6B, 7B, and 1A elements and lanthanoids. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the preparation of synthesis gas, which is characterised by producing synthesis gas from hydrocarbons and reforming substances using one of the claimed nickel type reforming catalysts.    USE -   The nickel type reforming catalysts can be used in the preparation of synthesis gas (a mixture of CO and H2) from hydrocarbons such as methane and reforming substances such as water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and air.    ADVANTAGE -   Synthesis gas can be efficiently produced without deposition of carbon.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen rich gas containing CO is mixed with air from air scoop and passed through a selective oxidation catalyst (55) provided with a shape change portion in which heat transfer takes place and its shape changes depending on temperature. The air content control system adjusts the amount of air scoop opening by deformation of shape change portion (541).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The air content control system is provided to each of the air scoop which is in turn provided at some position covering an outlet side from the entrance side of the selective oxidation catalyst portion. The shape change portion consists of a bimetal or a shape memory alloy. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel supply system for fuel cells which has a modifier to modify fuel in hydrogen rich gas. The fuel supply system is equipped with carbon monoxide removal device which oxidizes carbon monoxide in gas selectively.    USE -   For solid polymeric type fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   By providing air control system, the amount of air intake is controlled by deformation of the shape change portion and hence neither a temperature sensor nor a rate of flow controller is necessary. The air control system is in air scoop which is provided covering an outlet side from the entrance side of selective oxidation catalyst and hence the temperature distribution opposing to the outlet side is equalized from the entrance side of selective oxidation catalyst and CO concentration is efficiently reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional drawing of CO removal device. (55) Selective oxidation catalyst; (541) Shape change portion.
NOVELTY - Phosphoric acid type fuel battery contains porous carbon base material and separator made of carbon that is non- permeable to blasting fumes and are integrally coupled using sheet of fluorine resin and porous carbon. Porous carbon base material (5) is equipped with gas conduction path (6).    USE -   For generating electrical energy through electrochemical reaction.    ADVANTAGE -   Can be run with stability over a long period of time. Has water repellent property and separator prevents acid corrosion. Heatproof activity is efficient. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the phosphoric acid type fuel battery. (5) Base material; (6) Gas conduction path.
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel cell system and auxiliary equipment such as a reformer, control and safety devices, valves, fans, a compressor, and an inverter. The fuel cells and auxiliary equipment are combined into a module (1) with a connection panel that has throughways for the required connections for pipes and electrical leads. A mounting plate (3) for the connection panel, with corresponding throughways and parts for electrical connection, is mounted in the system.    USE - For heat and power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Assembly and maintenance can be performed simply and at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective representation of a block heating power system with module removed    Module (1)    Mounting plate (3)    Insertion direction (13)    Seating direction (14)
NOVELTY - The open edge of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) not covered by gas diffusion layers, with or without catalyst, is adhered gas-tight to the bipolar plate (1a).    USE - To make a gas-tight composite used in fuel cell manufacture, including a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM).    ADVANTAGE - High reactivity of hydrogen at the anode tends to prevent long-term sealing of the anode space in prior art. When using oxygen or air under pressure, the cathode side must also be sealed. The new method overcomes the difficulty and is simple and cost effective. Information on suitable adhesives is detailed in the text.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the corresponding method of making the gas-tight composite of the bipolar plate and MEA.    Preferred features: The hydrogen side of the bipolar plate is adhered to the anode side of the MEA. Adhesive coated as a sealing bead (7) is thicker than the gas diffusion layer and is gap-filling. It penetrates the gas diffusion layer by 0.2-1 mm. The adhesive is a setting silicone rubber or an epoxy resin. The bipolar plate and/or membrane (8) are pre-treated with bonding agent near the edge seal. The gas diffusion layer (4a) overlaps the edge seal of the bipolar plate by 0.1-5 mm. Edge seal and surface of the gas distribution structure (3b) of the bipolar plate lie in a single plane. To position the MEA on the bipolar plate with or without gas diffusion layers, a vacuum-clamping table is used. Anode- and/or cathode gas penetrations are provided. Any penetration passing gas which should not reach the gas space of the composite, is sealed-off using adhesive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The assembly is seen in cross section.    bipolar plate (1a)    gas distribution structure (3b)    gas diffusion layer (4a)    sealing bead (7)    membrane (8)
NOVELTY - ECU (26) selects battery for checking through a common transmitting and receiving unit (21) which communicates with transmitting and receiving unit (23) of selected battery using light. Data of battery condition transmitted to common transmitting and receiving unit (21) by transmitting and receiving unit of selected battery is used by ECU for battery management. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Individual transmitting and receiving set up (23) is placed on each battery group (18) connected in series and placed in battery box.    USE -   In rolling stock, hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As data regarding battery condition is transmitted through light, wire harness is not required. Hence the arrangement is simple and cheap. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of battery box with battery condition detection system. (18) Battery group; (21,23) Transmitting and receiving units; (26) ECU.
NOVELTY - Torque command given to motor (4) through motor controller (6) is measured using accelerator opening signal using accelerator sensor (8). During the acceleration process, current is supplied by current sensor (3) using which remaining battery capacity is computed. If an abnormality is detected, it is displayed in a display device (10).    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As remaining battery capacity is computed during acceleration process, the assessment is done accurately and complicated equipments are not required. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electric vehicle drive circuit. (3) Current sensor; (4) Motor; (6) Motor controller; (8) Accelerator sensor; (10) Display.
NOVELTY - The liquid sensor comprises two electrodes (12) which are insulated by film of insulator (13a). The sensor is immersed in a mixture containing two or more liquids to measure the concentration of one liquid.    USE -   For determining the content of methanol present in methanol mixed fuel supplied to a fuel battery mounted on a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The sensor accurately measures the concentration of liquid, and is not influenced by the conductivity of the liquid as it is insulated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the liquid sensor. (12) Electrode; (13a) Insulator.
NOVELTY - Operating temperature of battery stack (11) that comprises unit batteries (10) linked in series relative to flow direction of reaction gas, is maintained high. Reaction gas which is humidified previously corresponding to the operating temperature of the battery stack, is supplied to the battery stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cooling medium supply unit pours cooling medium in the same direction as the flow direction of the reaction gas.    USE -   For controlling operating temperature of battery stack used for fuel battery apparatus.    ADVANTAGE -   Reaction specific consumption of reaction gas is increased and battery output is stabilized by promoting vaporization of condensed water. Reaction of heating gas and oxidizing agent gas is promoted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery apparatus. (10) Unit batteries; (11) Battery stack.
NOVELTY - A matrix layer holding an electrolyte is formed on a fuel pole. Platinum alloy catalyst or any other catalyst containing carbon carrying metal is used as the fuel pole catalyst. The electrolyte includes 85 % of phosphoric acid and platinum metal ion, silicon, carbide, polytetrafluoroethylene and 110-5 M of PdCl2which is a metal salt are added to the matrix layer.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The metal ion concentration in the electrolyte is increased. Even when the electrode is maintained at high potential, the elution of the metal components from the platinum alloy catalyst is prevented. The platinum alloy catalyst has increased resistance to impurity gas containing Co.
NOVELTY - The fuel pole catalyst layer consists of alloy metal catalysts (1,3) including platinum and ruthenium whose mean particle diameter differs. The mean particle diameter of one metal catalyst is 1.5 times or more than that of another metal catalyst.    USE -   For solid polymeric fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The dissolved platinum re-precipitates on the big catalyst particles such that the active surface of the small catalyst particles is protected. Consequently co-poisoning proof characteristics of the battery is maintained for long period of time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the enlarged model of the metal catalyst. (1,3) Metal catalysts.
NOVELTY - The cation exchange membrane contains a fluorine group resin as base material made into a porous film with an electrical resistance of less than 0.2 cm2 in 1 mol/l sulfuric acid aqueous solution. The membrane has hydrogen gas permeability coefficient below 3.0x10-8 cm3(STP)cmxcm- 2xs-1xcm(Hg)-1 at 50 C.    USE -   Cation exchange membrane is used as diaphragm for solid polymer electrolyte type fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The membrane has low electrical resistance and low permeability of gases. Since fluorine group resin is used as the base material, it excels in dimensional stability or heat resisting property. By using the membrane, an increase in the contact resistance with the electrode accompanied by swelling contraction is restrained. Since there is no adhesive agent in the cation exchange membrane, gas diffusion electrode can be heat crimped satisfactorily.
NOVELTY - The battery includes a set of cells (2) and a negative battery terminal (4) connected to the cells via a first lead (6). A positive terminal (8) is connected to the cells via a second lead (10), a 150A fuse (12) is located in the first lead and a normally open inertia switch (22) is located in a short circuit lead (20) connected between the two terminals. Closing the inertia switch short-circuits the fuse and disconnects the cells. A pair of auxiliary terminals are connected to the cells via 15A fuses.    USE - For batteries in a car, van or truck.    ADVANTAGE - The battery is arranged to disconnect at least one terminal in the event of a collision, therefore greatly reducing the risk of a fire. The inertia switch is mechanically simple and robust and is relatively inexpensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic diagram of a battery.    Set of cells (2)    Negative battery terminal (4)    First lead (6)    Positive battery terminal (8)    Second lead (10)    150A fuse (12)    Short circuit lead (20)    Inertia switch (22)
NOVELTY - A flow field plate (1) comprises surface layers of electrically conductive material and a core layer between the surface layers within the plate. The plate defines multiple sets of fluid passages comprising: (a) first sets of passages; (b) ports placing passages of the second set communicating with the passages of the first sets and (c) a third set of passages extending through the layers.    USE - The flow field plates are used in a fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flow field plate (1) comprises surface layers of electrically conductive material and a core layer between the surface layers within the plate. The plate defines multiple sets of fluid passages comprising:    (a) first sets of passages;    (b) ports placing passages of the second set communicating with the passages of the first sets at points of intersection of the passages; and    (c) a third set of passages extending through the layers. The first set of passages has one set formed in the thickness of the core layer and extending to the passages of the first sets to provide points of intersection.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a cell stack comprising the flow field plates interleaved by electrode assemblies comprising membranes sandwiched between porous electrode layers, and longitudinal compressor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of a fuel cell stack incorporating a flow field plate.    Flow field plate (1)    Grooves (2, 3)    Radial bores (4, 6)
NOVELTY - Controller (14) operating in two modes, is connected to battery (11), output unit (12), and capacitors (15,16). When controller is in first mode of operation, capacitor (15) supplies preset amount of power to battery in response to command from the controller and when in another mode of operation, capacitor (16) supplies preset quantity of power to output unit in response to command from the controller.    USE - For battery for providing preset output power to loads such as vehicles. Also used for laptop, cellular phones, sensitive electronic components, etc. Also for rental energy concepts for service applications such as vending machines, recharge modules robotic battery replacement facilities and parking or charging stations.    ADVANTAGE - The loss of polarization within the battery is reduced by the reverse charging of battery. The unauthorized charger being connected to battery is prevented. The manufacturing assembly exposure is reduced as speed control device is not employed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The command signals from the controller is provided at a preset time interval, after supply of power starts. When the polarization level in the battery exceeds preset level, the controller issues the command. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the battery management system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of power control system.    Battery (11)    Output unit (12)    Controller (14)    Capacitors (15,16)
NOVELTY - A membrane (15) is provided between a positive redox gel electrolyte (13) and a negative electrolyte (14). Positive and negative electrodes (11,12) are connected electrically to the positive and negative redox gel electrolytes respectively. The gels are superconcentrated.    USE - In portable equipment such as in cellular phone and laptops.    ADVANTAGE - When high loads are applied, the polarization is higher, as gels are super concentrated. A very long life cycle is obtained as gel electrolytes are stable. The electrolytes need not be recirculated as the electrolytes are super concentrated gels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gel electrolytes contain metallic or non metallic reactive ions to store energy. The positive and negative redox gel electrolytes comprise a half cell containing reactive species and a negative half cell containing different reactive species.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of single cell redox gel battery.    Positive electrode (11)    Negative electrode (12)    Positive redox gel electrolyte (13)    Negative redox gel electrolyte (14)    Membrane (15)
NOVELTY - Volume of air exiting at output ports (50,54) of airflow valve (44), which is recycle to exhaust air ratio, is adjusted by control port. The inputs (80,82) of processor (78) are coupled to temperature sensor (76) and electrical power sensor (70). The output (84) is coupled to control the valve so that recycle to exhaust air ratio is adjusted to preset value based on sensed ambient temperature and power.    USE - The PEM fuel cell system is used for maintaining water balance in automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - The water balance is maintained by accumulating water during lower power operation and evaporating water during high power operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An air input port (28) of fuel cell (12) is connected to fresh air source (32). Input port (48) of airflow valve (44) is connected to air exhaust port (30) of the fuel cell. The air input port of cell is coupled with the output port (50) of airflow valve. The temperature sensor measures the ambient temperature. The power level generated by the fuel cell is measured by the electrical power sensor that is coupled to the electrodes of the fuel cell. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the PEM fuel cell operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of PEM fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (12)    Air input port (28)    Air output port (30)    Air source (32)    Airflow valve (44)    Input port of valve (48)    Output ports of valve (50,54)    Electrical power sensor (70)    Temperature sensor (76)    Processor (78)    Inputs of processor (80,82)    Output of processor (84)
NOVELTY - Thin film solid oxide fuels cells are formed continuously by planar magnetron sputtering of electrolyte (10) and electrodes (11,12) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of a smooth interfacial layer (13,14) which bonds the two together.    USE - For forming solid oxide fuel cells for vehicle power.    ADVANTAGE - Thin film cells are produced, the process can be continuous and very effective electrolyte-electrode interfaces are formed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method of forming a thin film solid oxide fuel cell comprises forming an electrolyte (10) from an ion conductive oxide by planar magnetron sputtering and similarly forming two electrodes (11,12) of 55-25% porosity from a powder of Y-stabilized zirconia coated by a compound of Ag, Pt, Pd, Ni, Co or Fe and sintered to from a porous compact. The electrolyte-electrode interfaces (13,14) are of Y-stabilized zirconia or ceria formed by CVD on the electrodes to form a dense smooth surface which is then bonded to the electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The formation of the fuel cell is illustrated.    Electrolyte (10)    Electrodes (11,12)    Interfaces (13,14)
NOVELTY - The hydraulic motor (32) drives the generator (33). A hydraulic pump (30) which of variable capacity type supplies oil of constant flow to hydraulic motor and of variable flow to other actuators. The flow pressure characteristics at the maximum flow state to the actuator is such that the flow is opposite to the increase in pressure.    USE -   For driving fan of oil cooler, generator for power supply of mercury lamps. For controlling discharge of hydraulic pump to both the hydraulic motor and other actuators.    ADVANTAGE -   The variable capacity hydraulic pump provides variable flow to the actuators and hence oil can be supplied with sufficient balance. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the component in the controller of the hydraulic drive generator. (30) Hydraulic pump; (32) Hydraulic motor; (33) Generator.
NOVELTY - A battery cell (8) is immersed into electrolyte slurry (1) and maintained for predetermined time. Then the battery cell is dried and an electrolyte film of fixed thickness is formed on cell.    USE -   For solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Manufacturing yield and dependability of fuel battery can be increased sharply. Distortion of coating film can be prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of cell manufacturing apparatus. (1) Electrolyte slurry; (8) Battery cell.
NOVELTY - An ion-exchange membrane which consists of perfluoro carbon polymer, is used to impregnate alcoholic containing hydrocarbon solvent, fluorine containing hydrocarbon solvent or mixed solvent to surface of gas diffusion electrode. The electrode is made of ion-exchange resin and phosphoric acid.    USE -   For solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrode film contact piece utilizes small concentration voltage and high output is obtained with stability.
NOVELTY - The system uses metals straps to provide additional strength for the battery casing.    USE - For support of casing for nickel-cadmium or other nickel based cells used to power vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Provides support to resist build up of pressure inside battery during repeated charging, arising from plate deformation and gas production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The support system for the one piece battery block includes the battery itself (3) which is a rectangular box with longitudinal walls and two transverse walls. The battery includes two plates (20) which are applied against the transverse walls. A flat closed band (22) is applied to the outside to surround both the longitudinal walls and the transverse walls, including the two plates (20). Each plate has a recess (21) formed in its edge, and the band is pressed into the shape provided by this recess. The band is preferably metallic and may, for example, be made from steel of a thickness greater than 0.2mm. The whole assembly may be held together by two such bands of thickness 1mm, and width 22mm. The ribbon is deformed by compression in place on the battery casing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of the retaining system.    Plate (20)    Steel band (22)
NOVELTY - A gravity generator comprises an elevated fuel cell (7) connected to a water electrolyzer (4) by a water pipe (8) equipped with a water turbine (9) and a current generator (10). A gravity generator, for increasing the efficiency of a photovoltaic device, comprises a water electrolyzer (4) and fuel cell (7) combination, with a water pipe (8) and hydrogen and oxygen pipes (5, 6).    USE - For increasing the efficiency of solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The generator provides an adjustable water column and thus potential energy for conversion to electricity to increase the total current output.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell is positioned at a greater height (preferably above 100 m) than the electrolyzer, and a water turbine (9) has a current generator (10) installed in the water pipe. The generator also includes a photovoltaic device (1) for covering the energy requirements of the electrolyzer (4). A control unit (3), with a storage battery, regulates the energy flow to and from the fuel cell (7), the current generator (10) and the electrolyzer (4). The water pipe (8) is waterproofed and the electrical leads are superconductors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a gravity generator-assisted photovoltaic device according to the invention.    Solar cell (1)    Water electrolyzer (4)    Hydrogen pipe (5)    Oxygen pipe (6)    Fuel cell (7)    Water pipe (8)    Water turbine (9)    Current generator (10)
NOVELTY - The battery protection circuit a switching circuit (12), an electronic switch, connected between the current measurement (11) and capacity indication (13) circuits. The timer circuit (14) is activated and power supply interrupted, if the voltage is lower than normal. Supply remains interrupted if preset time is overrun and current measurement circuit (11) is activated to determine loading to reactivate supply.    USE - Esp. for motor vehicles, determines capacity of battery and interrupts on board supply if is short circuit or battery is overloaded, vehicles with air conditioning.    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional circuits, e.g. battery discharge owing to lights, etc. being left on.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery protection circuit has voltage (10) and current (11) measurement circuits, a switching circuit (12), a capacity display circuit (13), a timer circuit (14) and a control circuit (15), all mounted close to the battery. The switching circuit is an electronic switch connected between the current measurement and capacity indication circuits. The capacity indication circuit has a number of LED's and resistances and the voltage measurement circuit is connected to a time loop circuit. The control circuit has its own loop circuit connected to the voltage measurement circuit. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an arrangement for implementing the method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram for an example circuit    voltage measurement circuit (10)    current measurement circuit (11)    switching circuit (12)    capacity indication circuit (13)    timer circuit (14)    control circuit (15)    .
NOVELTY - A procedure for supplying a power network of a car having a battery (3), at least one electrical load (2) and a fuel cell aggregate (1) located in parallel with the battery, with energy is described.    USE - Automobile electrical circuits.    ADVANTAGE - A fuel cell system is used for current generation in an especially simple way.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell aggregate is installed at least partially for the supply of the network with electrical energy and/or for charging up the battery. The aggregate is activated when an adjustable battery voltage threshold is fallen below and/or when an adjustable network load is exceeded. It is deactivated when an adjustable battery voltage threshold is exceeded. The adjustable network load corresponds to the maximum network load for the actual battery voltage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the circuit    fuel cell aggregate (1)    electrical load (2)    battery (3)
A manufacturing method for a high-temperature fuel cell equipped with a contact layer (16) between the cathode (14) and bipolar plate (18). For manufacture of the contact layer (18), a contact material is applied to the bipolar plate (18) and then subjected to a high temperature, esp. over 800 deg. C.    Before application of the contact material, a pore forming agent is added, and specifically remains insoluble in the contact material, the latter being a ceramic silk-screen paste or a ceramic injection moulded suspension.    ADVANTAGE -   Relatively high deformability values for the contact layer.
NOVELTY - High polymer electrolyte fuel cell has high polymer electrolyte thin film and a pair of electrodes having catalyst reaction layer and gas diffusion layer. The high polymer electrolyte thin film is formed between the pair of electrodes. A part of the support which supports catalyst particles in the catalyst reaction layer is penetrated into internal part of high polymer electrolyte thin film.    USE - The fuel cell is used as portable electricity source, electricity source for electrically driven vehicles, domestic co-generation system etc.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell exhibits excellent performance due to an efficient electrode reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 I a cross-section showing the electrode-electrolyte contact structure.    Electrode (11)    Catalyst Layer (12)    Catalyst Particles (13)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon and water are supplied to the anode (2) in a solid fuel cell (1), whilst oxygen is supplied to the cathode (3) to form synthesis gas. Carbon monoxide is converted into carbon dioxide, leaving a hydrogen-rich flow of gas with a low water vapor content.    USE - The hydrogen prepared by this method is useful for the preparation of ammonia (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Suitable for economic large and small production of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for preparing a hydrogen-rich gas stream (B) comprises the conversion of a hydrocarbon fuel in the presence of water and/or oxygen at high temperature. The reaction is carried out in a fuel cell (1), the hydrocarbon and water being supplied to the anode (2) and the oxygen-containing gas (A) to the cathode (3). Synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen is supplied to the anode side and the resulting gas is oxidized by providing the heat (and optionally electricity) necessary for the fuel conversion. Under these reaction conditions carbon monoxide and water are formed, the carbon monoxide being converted into carbon dioxide whilst yielding hydrogen. A flow of hydrogen-rich gas with a low water vapor content is removed from the anode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a block diagram representing the preparation of a hydrogen-rich gas stream.    Fuel cell (1)    Anode (2)    Cathode (3)    Nitrogen-containing gas with reduced oxygen content (4)    Tube (5)    Reactor for selective oxidation of methane (6)    CO-shift reactor (7)    Pressure swing absorption device (8)    Supply of air (A)    Flow of gas rich in hydrogen and nitrogen (B)
NOVELTY - The pressure of hydrogen supply to the attached combustor is controlled to predetermined setting pressure. By adjusting the flow rate of hydrogen and controlling the temperature to fixed temperature, the run operation of fuel modifier (1) is performed.    USE -   For fuel combustion in fuel modifier for electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Hydrogen is formed with stability and the water supplied to a combustor is done stably, since fuel modifier is run by controlling temperature to fixed temperature. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of gas supply and exhaust unit of fuel modifier. (1) Fuel modifier.
NOVELTY - The stack consists of cells (1) connected in parallel such that distance (a) between connected cells lies between 1-10 mm and distance (b) between parallelly connected cells is 0.5-5 mm. The ratio of distance (a) to distance (b) is set between 1-10.    USE -   For solid electrolyte type fuel battery employed in power generation unit.    ADVANTAGE -   The ratio of distance between cells insures that high electricity generation efficiency is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the stack structure. (1) Cells.
NOVELTY - The positive and negative electrode liquids consists of phosphate like sodium hexa meta phosphoric acid. The vanadium concentration in electrode liquids is between 0.5-8 mol/l while sulfuric acid ion concentration ranges between 0.3-9 mol/l.    USE -   For electric power storage.    ADVANTAGE -   The deterioration of electrolyte is prevented by usage of vanadium as electrode active material. Moreover, the energy density and electromotive force are higher compared to conventional iron-chrome battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic explanatory diagram of battery.
NOVELTY - A control unit (16d) transmits a control signal based on time period setup in timer (16c) for testing of opening and closing condition of the cut-off valve. The normal opening-closing condition of the cut-off valve is judged based on comparison of the actual opening-closing of the cut-off valve and opening-closing of the tested cut-off valve, within the setup testing time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel switching cut-off valve testing method.    USE -   For testing opening-closing condition of cut-off valve which switches town gas and propane gas in power generating device using fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Normal operation of fuel switching function of fuel power generating device can be confirmed routinely and automatically, by not performing the fuel switching actually and by simply testing opening-closing of the cut-off valve. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts systematic diagram of the electrical power generating device. (16c) Timer; (16d) control unit.
NOVELTY - An interrupting device (3) which connects and interrupts the connection relationship with fuel battery (1) and cells (2a-2v) of secondary battery (2), is controlled by a controller (4), so that the number of cell in connection relationship of secondary battery is increased and decreased respectively, in response to increase and decrease of electrical load.    USE -   For controlling interrupting device in fuel battery electrical power generating device.    ADVANTAGE -   The input and output of the electric power is enabled corresponding to the electrical load reliably. Therefore, the efficiency of the system is improved. The charging of secondary battery is carried out efficiently. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents block diagram of the fuel battery electrical power generating device. (1) Fuel battery; (2) Secondary battery; (2a-2v) Cells; (3) Interrupting device; (4) Controller.
NOVELTY - A solid macromolecular fuel cell is formed by laying up an electrode connector on conductive separator having a supplying and discharging passage groove for supplying and discharging a fuel gas to and from the electrode layer of the electrode connector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid macromolecular fuel cell is formed by laying up an electrode connector on conductive separator having a supplying and discharging passage groove for supplying and discharging a fuel gas to and from the electrode layer of the electrode connector. The electrode connector consists of the electrode layer having a hydrogen ion-conductive macromolecular electrolytic film and a catalytic reaction layer provided on both the surfaces of the macromolecular electrolytic film. The separator has a carbon material having an unsaturated bond. The groove has a water repellent layer chemically bonded to the unsaturated bond.    USE -   The solid macromolecular fuel cell is used in portable devices, electric cars, household power systems.    ADVANTAGE -   The solid macromolecular fuel cell has no clogging caused by water generated from the separator and no gas leakage. The gas is uniformly supplied to the electrode.
NOVELTY - Alkali carbonate and electrolyte holding layer (8) is formed between fuel pole (6) and air pole (7). The porous substance (1) for recovery of electrolyte during battery operation is also provided between the poles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for molten carbonate type fuel battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For molten carbonate type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Electrolyte supply capability is increased due to porous material and hence deterioration of battery characteristic is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of fuel battery with porous substance. (1) Porous substance; (6) Fuel pole; (7) Air pole; (8) Electrolyte holding layer.
NOVELTY - The flow grooves (6a,6b) which supply heating or oxidizing agent gas to the electrode surfaces (2a,2b), is formed in the gas passage board (11a,11b) respectively. The ends of the board is sealed by seals (5a,5b). Metal flat plates (3a,3b) are provided above the flat surfaces of the boards which are on either surfaces of the electrode.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   As the metal flat plate is used, the usage of expensive separator is eliminated. Therefore the cost of the battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows sectional view of unit cell. (2a,2b) Electrode surfaces; (3a,3b) Metal flat plates; (5a,5b) Seals; (6a,6b) Flow grooves; (11a,11b) Gas passage board.
NOVELTY - The anode (3) which is made up of an aluminum or aluminum alloy, is coated with two layers of metal such as zinc, tin, nickel, nickel alloy, chromium, copper, silver, gold, iron, palladium or lead-tin alloy.    USE -   In battery used as power supply for electric vehicle, mobile communication apparatus, AV apparatus, portable devices such as laptop computer, wordprocessor, camcorder, liquid crystal television, portable telephone.    ADVANTAGE -   Contact failure between the anode and the connection board is prevented, and resistance between the anode and connection board is reduced. Thus, excellent discharge characteristics is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the electrolyte battery. (3) Anode.
NOVELTY - A valve (V3) is provided in the piping that extends from the outlet of a solution-spraying pump (21) to the solution-dispersing device of the absorber. Another valve (V4) is provided in the piping that extends from the outlet of the valve of the pump to an evaporator coolant dispersing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A coolant steam line (8), provided with a coolant vapor valve (V1), guides the coolant vapor of a generator or a condenser to an absorber or an evaporator.An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method used in operating the coolant absorption apparatus.    USE -   For e.g. refrigerator, freezer.    ADVANTAGE -   Heating can be effectively performed using low-temperature heat source. water temperature of heat source can be easily regulated by controlling flow of coolant. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the coolant absorption apparatus. (8) Coolant steam line; (21) Solution-spraying pump; (V1) Coolant vapor valve; (V3,V4) Valve.
NOVELTY - A coolant steam line (8), provided with a coolant vapor valve (V1), guides the coolant vapor of a generator or a condenser to an absorber or an evaporator. A coolant cross valve (21) adjusts the flow of coolant within the steam line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method used in operating the coolant absorption apparatus.    USE -   For e.g. refrigerator, freezer.    ADVANTAGE -   Water temperature of heat source can be easily regulated by controlling coolant flow. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the coolant absorption apparatus. (8) Coolant steam line; (21) Coolant cross valve; (V1) Coolant vapor valve.
NOVELTY - The positive and negative electrodes are integratedly arranged in the battery container (B) with an adhesive. The container is airtightly sealed by a lid (A), using an adhesive cloth (2). Two positive electrode terminals (1,1') projects from the lid.    USE -   For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Airtight sealing of battery container with adhesive cloth, prevents leakage of electrolyte, even during shock, thus favorable seal property is attained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of battery. (1,1') Positive electrode terminals; (2) Adhesive cloth; (A) Lid; (B) Battery container.
NOVELTY - A method for controlling a reformer for producing reformate gas comprises calculating an amount of raw material sufficient to produce a desired amount of the reforming gas, determining an amount of heat fuel (Qm) to be supplied to a heater (3) in the reformer and an amount of an oxidizer based on the calculated amount of the raw material (Qk), introducing the raw material into the reformer (2), and introducing the heat fuel and the oxidizer into the heater (3) to heat the raw material using heat generated in a reaction of the heat fuel and the oxidizer.    USE - For reforming reformate fuel such as methyl alcohol and water into desired fuel such as gas with a high concentration of hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The reforming reaction is able to proceed in a suitable manner without adversely affecting fuel consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for controlling a reformer (2) comprising a heater (3) in the reformer for heating the raw material introduced, calculating device (31) for calculating the amount of raw material (Qk) required to produce a desired amount of reformate gas, and a device (S2, S3, S4, S12, S13, S14, S15) for determining at least an amount of heat fuel (Qm) supplied to the heater and an amount of the oxidizer (Qa) based on the calculated amount of raw material (Qk).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the system having a reformer connected to a fuel cell.    reformer (2)    heater (3)
NOVELTY - Control apparatus for a reformer comprises a device for assessing the amount of reformate fuel to be gasified, and a device for assessing the amount of emission to be supplied to the combustion portion on the basis of the amount of the assessed reformate fuel.    USE - For a reformer.    ADVANTAGE - When using the unreacted hydrogen gas generated in a fuel cell for heating the reformate fuel, the unreacted hydrogen gas and combustion aid gas can be controlled so that the reformate fuel is heated properly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for controlling a reformer that gasifies reformate fuel by a reforming reaction utilizing heat produced in the reformer by burning emission containing unreacted flammable gas produced when converting the gasified reformate gas into energy of another form.
NOVELTY - The vehicles (1,2) run on accumulator battery power between stations. They have overhead current collectors (7) which contact conductor wires (8) provided only at stations (A,B).    USE - Power supply for trams and trolley buses    ADVANTAGE - Unsightly overhead wiring need not be present between stops. High capacity electrical capacitor system enables very rapid charging when the vehicle is stationary and embarking and discharging passengers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each station has its own current supply (3,4) with a transformer (6), one or more capacitors (5) and a switch (9) which is open when the station is empty and closed when a vehicle is present. The capacitors at the stations have a very high capacitance, and can store enough electrical energy to drive the vehicle to the next station. The power storage on the vehicles may involve very high capacity capacitors instead of the usual lead-acid accumulator batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of the power supply system.    Recharging stations (A,B)    Trams or trolley buses (1,2)    Current supply circuits at stations (3,4)    Capacitors (5)    Transformer (6)    Overhead current collectors (7)    Fixed contact wires at stations (8)    Switch (9)
NOVELTY - The universal flywheel stored energy system can be made of steel, aluminum and different metals also synthetic materials such as plastic. Also these materials can be used in combination with other materials which enable the stored energy to be passed on. The flywheel system is also valid for spur gear wheels, pulleys and so on with different bores, openings or various wt. reductions and wt. distributions.    USE - Universal, e.g. drives, vehicles, engines, gearboxes, bicycles and motor cycles also gear wheels and pulleys.    ADVANTAGE - The flywheel system can be applied in a very wide range of vehicles, engines and machines. Diverse materials can be combined also water, sand and other materials. Provides economic use of power, saving 30 per cent of fuel/energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flywheel or gear wheel.    Gear wheel or flywheel (8)    bore for shaft (9)    Key slot (10)    Various holes (1-7)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system for mounting in a car has: a combustion device (1) for burning exhaust gas from a fuel cell (4) that is supplied with a reformed gas from a reformer (3); and a turbine compressor (20) to feed air into the fuel cell while air is compressed at a compressor unit 922) by using combustion energy. The reformer includes an evaporation burner to burn a vaporising fuel. The system further has a heat exchanger (5) for maintaining a temperature of a gas line (63) at an inlet section of the fuel cell while a combustion exhaust gas released from the turbine unit of the turbine is passed in.    USE - None given
NOVELTY - A hybrid drive vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine and a power generating motor as a driving source for vehicle. Immediately after it is detected that an air/fuel ratio of air/fuel mixture supplied to the engine is changed to lean side, the power generating motor is operated as a motor in order to assist an output from the engine. Immediately after it is detected that an air/fuel ratio of air/fuel mixture supplied to the engine is changed to rich side, the power generating motor is operated as a generator in order to apply regenerative braking to the engine.    USE - For hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Difference in output torque from the engine produced when the air/fuel ratio of the supplied air/fuel mixture is varied can be compensated for sufficiently without delay.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the control device.
NOVELTY - Multiple flexible solar module strips (2) are formed at the upper side of canopy (1a) mounted on frame. A roller is provided for frame, so that canopy is movable between retracted and extended positions. The solar modules are connected to the storage cells provided to the roller.    USE - In building, home, motor vehicle, trailer, boat, yacht, ship, bus stop shelter, greenhouse, pavilion. For dewing lawn mower, trimmer, hedge clipper.    ADVANTAGE - The canopy is usable as roof as well as protector, thereby possible to save material and construct buildings cheaply. The folding mechanism facilitates extending of awnings at different angles, depending on position of sun. By interconnecting module strip, large surface area is covered. The protective coating protects the canopy from wear, thereby improving durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The radiation absorbed by solar module, is converted into electrical energy and stored in storage cells. Energy is supplied from cell to motor provided in the roller, for performing rotation of roller. The solar modules are mounted on multiple supports of canopy. The storage cells are exposed, for dissipation of heat.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of awning.    Canopy (1a)    Solar module strips (2)
NOVELTY - A current monitoring circuit measures the output current drawn from the zinc-oxygen cell by a load during operation. Based on the measurement result, an oxygen control circuit controls the supply of high purity oxygen from an oxygen concentrator (5) to cathode of zinc oxygen cell for a predetermined time.    USE - For supplying high purity oxygen in controlled manner to cathode of zinc or oxygen battery, fuel cell electrochemical cells.    ADVANTAGE - Metal oxygen cell uses zinc as anode because of its availability, energy density, safety and relatively low cost. By the use of oxygen concentrate to purify the source of oxygen, interference of carbon monoxide and other impurities in the air is prevented or limited.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of oxygen concentrator in battery.    Oxygen concentrator (5)
NOVELTY - A polymer-electrolyte-membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack has a liquid reservoir connected to the fuel feed and/or oxidant feed channel for humidifying and/or cooling purposes.    USE - As a PEM fuel cell system, e.g. for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The design provides liquid moistening and/or cooling at the anode and/or cathode side, while providing a low weight, a small volume and low production costs, and can recover heat e.g. for heating a vehicle passenger compartment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) a method of operating a fuel cell system in which one or each process gas stream is humidified and/or cooled by feeding the stream together with a liquid and/or by passing the stream through a liquid; and (ii) use of waste heat, recovered from the above operating method, for heating a vehicle.
NOVELTY - A motor and generator are provided inside the charger housing (12). A pair of headlights (36) connected to the generator and a set of gages (30) are provided on the front wall. A cable pair (32) from the generator terminate in crocodile chips (34).    USE - For disabled vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Charges battery without removing battery from compartment, avoids jump starting exercise.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cables from the generator are kept wound around hangers (22) on side wall. Intakes for petrol and oil for running the motor are located at the top. The motor exhaust tube (18) extends to the rear end of the housing. A removable air intake door on a side wall provides access to air and oil filters. Power switches for the motor and the headlights (26,38) are fixed on a side wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a side elevation of the portable battery charger.    Housing (12)    Exhaust tube (18)    Hangers (22)    Handle (24)    Headlights (26,36,38)    Gauges (30)    Cable pair (32)    Crocodile chips (34)
NOVELTY - The controller has an ON/OFF switch (41), timer switch (T1) and temperature switch (T2). Heating elements (13) are heated to a preset temperature when ON/OFF switch is switched ON'. Elements are heated to another temperature greater than preset starting temperature, after selecting the temperature using temperature switch. The heating at the high temperature is activated at a time set by timer switch.    USE - For battery warmer used in vehicles and construction equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for jump starting of the vehicles, since the battery is accordingly heated till the vehicle is started from the time set by timer switch. Energy consumption is reduced, since battery is maintained at a lower temperature throughout night and is heated at higher temperature at the early hours, before starting the vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows isometric view of battery warmer and isolated top view of timed thermostatic controller.    Heating elements (13)    ON/OFF switch (41)    Timer switch (T1)    Temperature switch (T2)
NOVELTY - Purpose of proposed invention is to simplify design of vehicle, to reduce its weight and increase useful volume by rational arrangement of electric capacitors and capacitor batteries used as current source. Members of each capacitor compose section of body, for instance, its roof or bottom and are made in form of metal layers separated by electric insulating materials. Thickness of outer metal layers exceeds thickness of inner metal layers. Outer layers are arranged relative to inner layers to form closed hermetic space. Electric lead from inner layers is passed through one of outer layers through bushing insulator. Lead is connected with electric converter and charger connector. Inner layers is connected with displacement relative to outer layers and relative to each other.    USE - Transport engineering; electric cars.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified design of car. 5 cl, 1 dwgc
NOVELTY - The ion exchange membrane uses a thermoplastic resin film which fills the pores with ion exchange resin as the base. The thickness of the film is 10-150 m and water permeability at 25 C is 5x10-8 m3/h/100 kPa or less.    USE -   For diaphragm used in diffusion dialysis, electrodialysis, redox flow batteries, ion sensor.    ADVANTAGE -   The membrane excels in mechanical strength and chemical resistance. As water permeability is very small transmission rate of acid or alkali is improved.
NOVELTY - Preparation method of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether derivatives having SO2F (B).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation method of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether derivatives having SO2F (B) comprises reacting an iodoperfluoroalkyl vinyl ether derivative (A) with a thiocyanate in a polar solvent to prepare an intermediate having SCN group, oxidizing the intermediate to convert the SCN to SO 2Cl, and then treating the product having SO2Cl with an alkali metal fluoride. (A) has formula (A)    CF2=CF(OCF2CFY)nOCF2CF2I (A)    CF2=CF(OCF2CFY)nOCF2CF2SO2F (B)    Y = F or CF3; n = 1-3.    USE -   (B) are intermediates for functional polymers such as hydrophilic diaphragms, separation membranes and ion-exchange membranes.    ADVANTAGE -   (B) are prepared cheaply in a high yield.
NOVELTY - In a C type rear earth type yttria compound, a crystal phase has a cubic C rare earth crystal phase and provided the average ion radius of total cat is Rc the average ion radius if other cation than Y is Rd, an ion radius of Y is Ry, and an ion radius of oxygen is Ro, a general formula of effective index equal to (Rd/Ry) * (Rc/Ro), where * displays integration, Rd, Rc, Ro, and Ry indicate Rd equals R N d,* x plus RN *(1- x), Rc equals (Rd*c plus RN * (1- y) * y plus Ry * (1- y), Ro equals 1.4, Ry equal to 0.892, respectively, and RN d indicates 0.95 being an ion radius in oxygen hexa configuration. When M is Ce, RMis 0.97 being a value of oxygen 8 configuration, and when M is La, 1.06 being a value of oxygen 6 configuration is displayed.    USE -   None given    ADVANTAGE -   High ion conductivity is indicated even under strong reduction atmosphere and long time stability is provided.
NOVELTY - A filtration unit (51) separates the permeable process liquid and non-permeable process liquid supplied from a pump (53) via supply path (52). The separated non-permeable process liquid is made to circulate via circulation path (L) to the downstream side of the supply pump by the circulation pump (56).    USE -   For fuel battery electrical power generating device.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves electricity generation efficiency of fuel battery electrical power generating device, with less cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows block diagram of liquid filtration equipment. (51) Filtration unit; (52) Supply path; (53) Supply pump; (56) Circulation pump; (L) Circulation path.
NOVELTY - A solid polymeric separator has a thin metal plate and a cured thermosetting resin compact. The compact is adhered with carbonaceous powder on both sides, and a gas flow groove to supply heating gas or oxidizing agent gas is further formed.    USE -   For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The separator has excellent gas non- permeability, conductivity, good strength and corrosion resistance. Electricity generation is stable.
NOVELTY - A vehicle battery with an increased dimension around the bottom is supported on a tray (15) and maintained in position by a permanent rim (16,17) on one side and a catch (22,24) on the other. The catch slides in a housing (18) and is spring loaded (26) towards the closed position. A pivoted lever (27,30) which engages (25) with the spring loaded catch releases it when pushed    USE - To secure vehicle batteries    ADVANTAGE - The securing mechanism is simple, easy to use and does not require any tools    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the spring loaded catch mechanism    Tray (15)    Permanent rim (16,17)    Catch housing (18)    Catch (22,24)    Catch engagement slot (25)    Catch spring (26)    Release lever (27,30)
NOVELTY - Water is collected from the condenser (10) of the vehicle air conditioning unit and is stored in a master water tank (5) from which it is distributed to the battery (15), screen wash (27) and radiator (37). The battery includes float valves (75) which regulate the fluid level in the cells of the battery. Water is passed through a common channel (23) into which the float valves open when the fluid level is below a preset limit.    USE - Automatically controls the water level in vehicle systems.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the vehicle maintenance requirements.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of the water management system.    Master water tank (5)    Condenser (10)    Battery (15)    Common channel (23)    Screen wash (27)    Radiator (37)    Float valves (75)
NOVELTY - The method involves accurately detecting vertically oscillating spring vibrations via vertical acceleration sensors within the wheel hubs and converting these using current vehicle speed parameters in a central electronic control unit. Vibration damping three-phase generators installed on the wheel suspensions are controlled continuously in proportion to the vertical oscillations via proportional voltage pulses applied ton their stimulation windings.    USE - For (cross-country) electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables electromechanical damping of spring oscillations and shock accelerations and accumulation of the thereby derived electrical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a damping system.
NOVELTY - The battery retention device has a carrier plate (4) secured to the floor panel (2) of the trunk, with the battery securely attached to the carrier plate. The fixing between the latter and the floor panel is provided by a pivot bearing (5) at the rear and a pivot pin which can move along a curved guide slot (7) in the carrier plate at the front.    USE - The retention device is used for securing a vehicle battery in the trunk of an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The retention device reduces the risk of injury caused by the battery in the case of a rear impact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a retention device for a vehicle battery.    Trunk floor panel (2)    Carrier plate (4)    Pivot bearing (5)    Curved guide slot (7)
NOVELTY - The circuit monitors the voltages of the fuel cells (2-7). Components (8) mounted externally on the fuel cells or integrated into them are able to bridge the fuel cells to form a low resistance parallel circuit. The components can be diodes or controllable switches, e.g. MOSFETS. They can be integrated into the edge of the fuel cell system.    USE - For composite fuel cell system consisting of individual fuel cells connected in series.    ADVANTAGE - The failure of individual cells is prevented from destroying or damaging the system or individual cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating the circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a composite fuel cell system with components in parallel with the cells    fuel cells (2-7)    parallel components (8)
NOVELTY - The liquid electrolyte battery has a battery housing (1) with sidewalls (1b,1d), a base (1e) and a cover, containing pairs of vertical electrode plates (2) providing the battery cells, with a liquid electrolyte (3) filling the battery housing to a level (3a) above the top edge of the electrode plates. The liquid electrolyte is circulated within the battery housing via thermal convection, using a plate element (4) extending parallel to one side edge of the electrode plates, which is bent inwards at a point above the electrolyte level, defining a vertical flow channel (5) with the adjacent housing sidewall.    USE - The battery is used for the onboard electrical supply for a vehicle, e.g. a comercial vehicle, a boat, or an aircraft.    ADVANTAGE - The circulation of the liquid electrolyte ensures improved battery perormance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section through a liquid electrolyte battery.    Battery housing (1)    Housing sidewalls (1b,1d)    Housing base (1e)    Electrode plates (2)    Liquid electrolyte (3)    Electrolyte filling level (3a)    Plate element (4)    Vertical flow channel (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel containing hydrocarbons is oxidized with the help of a catalyzer without a flame. The chemical energy contained in the fuel is made available in the form of heat and/or electrical energy and the fuel is used immediately or after reformation with auxiliary materials. The extracted electrical energy is used to supply the aggregate and/or local consumers. The electrical energy can be given up to the public mains network. The ratio between extracted heat and electrical energy can be varied. The reactor can work in one or two stage fashion. The fuel is reformed in the first stage with or without the addition of auxiliary material.    USE - For provision of electrical energy and heat.    ADVANTAGE - The oxidation of the fuel is done without the presence of nitrogen in the air so that the formation of rust particles is suppressed during the whole process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the device.
NOVELTY - An electrolyte micro-tubuli are flowed around with an electrochemical reaction part for conditioning and simultaneous cooling. The other reaction part succeeds into the lumen of the textile electrode micro-tumuli. With its wall thickness it separates the anode coating from the cathode coating so as to be proof against short-circuits and as an electrochemical reaction product, simultaneously conducts away electric current and water with carbonic acid at the electrodes. The material parts are guided in situ in the cross flow, around the fiber of the one and into the lumen of the other material stream.    USE - A recuperative anode and cathode-carrier-electrolyte conditioning process is described for temperature limiting with material streams in the cross flow as a liquid, gas and air flow which carry away electric current out of an electrochemical process by volume quantity variation reaction heat with chemical reaction products.
Oxygen-hydrogen mixed gas electrolysis method and its electrolytic equipment. Method includes: using closed electrolytic cell and at least two annular sheet electrodes which are different in size, mutually round-enclosed together and mounted in the electrolysis cell; putting the electrolytic solution whose electrolyte content is greater than 20 % in the electrolytic cell; making positive pole and negative pole in D. C. power supply device respectively connect electrically with cathode and anode and powering on. It possesses the advantages of large gas output, high energy conversion efficiency and compact structure of electrolytic equipment.
NOVELTY - The lid and tray assembly are made of steel with an internal and external spray coating of an elastomer with high electrical resistance properties. Batteries are mounted in the tray assembly and enclosed by the lid. The elastomer coating on the tray assembly and the lid gives a non electrically conductive interior and exterior surface for increased service safety. The steel base and lid (20) give electromagnetic interference shielding and radio frequency interference shielding from the vehicle's high voltage motors.    USE - For holding the batteries in a hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Is highly durable and shields against electromagnetic and radio frequency interference.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is given for a mobile hybrid electric vehicle which uses the battery box.    Preferred Features: The tray assembly has vents to optimize cooling of the batteries, and the drain shelf has drain holes. A battery control board is included together with a voltage sense line fuse block with fuses. The elastomer coating is a combination of polyurethane, and polyurea elastomer, and is from one sixteenth to one eighth of an inch thick.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the battery box.    lid (20)    side face (21)    top face (22)    front face (23)    mating flanges (26,27)    forward face (31)
NOVELTY - The battery terminal assembly comprises a cast on strap (COS) post (42) having three sloping portions. A bush (40) is coupled to COS post and has corresponding to sloping portion. The terminal assembly is in combination with a battery supplying current greater than 1000 amps. The assembly has a cover (38) coupled to the bushing.    USE - In recreational boats and as backup power supply in telecommunications.    ADVANTAGE - Permits high load conditions without thermal stress fracture. Efficiently dissipates heat generated by the conduction of high load battery current.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sloping portion (42a) of the COS post forms an angle of less than 5 degrees with the vertical axis, the sloping portion (42b) forms an angle of greater than 15 degrees and less than 90 degrees and the sloping portion (42c) forms an angle of less than 5 degrees with the vertical axis. The corresponding sloping portions of the bush comprise a sloping portion (40a) parallel to the sloping portion (42a) of the COS post, a sloping portion (40b) parallel to the sloping portion (42b) of the COS post and a sloping portion (40c) parallel to the sloping portion (42c) of the COS post. The sloping portion (40a) forms an angle of less than 5 degrees with the vertical axis, the sloping portion (40b) forms an angle of greater than 15 degrees and less than 90 degrees with the vertical axis and the sloping portion (40c) forms an angle of less than 5 degrees with the vertical axis. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of fabricating the battery terminal assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of the battery terminal assembly.    Cover (38)    Bushing (40)    Sloping portions (40a-40c,42a-42c)    COS post (42)    Bond (44)
NOVELTY - The engine (10) is driven by a starter motor (44) which receives power from the battery (20). The output voltage of battery is boosted by a DC-DC converter (32) and stored in a capacitor (24). When the power supplied from the battery is insufficient, the power stored in the capacitor is discharged along with battery output to start the engine.    USE -   For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies circuit design of drive system. Supply voltage to starter motor is set up freely and starter motor size is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of vehicle drive system. (10) Engine; (20) Battery; (24) Capacitor; (32) DC-DC converter; (44) Starter motor.
NOVELTY - Battery (20) supplies power to start the engine (10). The power output from the battery is boosted by a DC-DC converter and is stored in a capacitor (24). When battery output voltage is insufficient, the charge stored in the capacitor is supplied with battery output, to supply required power for starting the engine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Wheel motor (26) is provided to generate additional driving force.    USE -   For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies design of vehicle drive system and starts the engine, reliably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of vehicle drive system. (10) Engine; (20) Battery; (24) Capacitor; (26) Motor.
NOVELTY - A turbulent flow accelerator (5) is provided to the upper portion of a battery unit. The battery unit is provided on one side of a flow through path of a coolant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A square pitch of the battery unit, configured by two or more steps is extended to the upper stream side of the flow through path and a staggered pitch of the battery unit, configured in two or more units is extended to the downstream side of the flow through path.    USE -   In electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Since flow of the coolant is controlled and the temperature gradient between each battery unit is made small, stable operation of battery is warranted. The flow of coolant is disturbed using a turbulent flow accelerator, thus increasing the heat transfer rate between the battery unit and coolant leading to effective restrainment of variation in battery temperature. Simplifies structural composition. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the battery apparatus. (5) Turbulent flow accelerator.
NOVELTY - An air core portion is formed at the center of an electrode assembly. A coolant route through which coolant flows, is formed through the air core portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A heat radiator (18) and a pump (17) are connected in series to external intercooling pipings (15,16) so that each coolant route of each battery (100-109) communicate. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for liquid cooling type cylindrical battery.    USE -   For cooling liquid cooling type cylindrical battery used in electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The center section of the battery is cooled efficiently. Safety, capacity and life span of the battery is improved. The heavy current charging and discharging characteristic of the battery is improved. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of liquid cooling type cylindrical battery. (15,16) Intercooling pipings; (17) Pump; (18) Heat radiator; (100-109) Battery.
NOVELTY - Solid battery material and a catalyst material surfaces to be cleaned are made to contact ultra pure water added with surface impurities eluting agent. Impurities contained in the solid battery material and catalyst material surfaces are removed by elution.    USE -   Is employed for cleaning solid construction element such as an electrode, solid electrolyte, catalyst and separator for secondary battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Excels in cleaning power since reactivity of the eluting agent is high. Use less ultra pure water and eliminates need of expensive high purity material. Prevents need for performing complicated refining process repeatedly, thus reducing manufacturing cost of battery material.
NOVELTY - Water dispersion type adhesive comprising acryl copolymer as base material, is interposed between each battery construction elements and frames (1, 3, 5, 8) of redox battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for redox battery manufacturing method.    USE -   For electrolyte in redox battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Since acrylic containing water dispersion type adhesive is interposed between each construction element and frame, liquid seal property is improved remarkably. Weight of redox battery is reduced as an aluminium board is used as a collector board and hard vinyl chloride low foam is used in one of the construction elements. Coating film thickness of the adhesive in set to 0.01-0.5 mm, thus enabling miniaturization of the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the components of the redox battery. (1, 3, 5, 8) Construction elements and frames.
NOVELTY - The diameter of orifice of a spray nozzle (15) is set such that water droplets of diameter 500-1000 m can be dispersed through the spray nozzle.    USE -   For fuel battery electricity generator installation.    ADVANTAGE -   Since water droplet of micro particles can be dispersed from the spray nozzle, the heating surface within the waste gas cooler is enlarged. The pressure loss in a filler portion is eliminated as the filler which is being inserted into waste gas cooler is eliminated. The time dependent occlusion of filler by acid product such as phosphoric acid is eliminated. Flow of unification waste gas is passed near the center of dispersion water by using a distributor and the waste gas cooler is contacted efficiently, thus reducing size. An umbrella is provided to the upper surface portion of a water storage tank and a filter is provided on the other surface of the water storage tank, thus preventing inflow of phosphoric acid formed on the upper stream of the waste water cooler into the conveying pump and eliminating the clogging of the heat exchanger in the conveying pump leading to reduced maintenance cost. Since the umbrella and distributor are integrally molded, need for separate
NOVELTY - A cross valve (18) switches the supply of reform gas and hydrogen gas to a fuel battery (1). When the difference between detected electricity generated by the battery and a standard value exceeds a predetermined value, a control unit switches the cross valve to supply hydrogen to fuel battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier (2) generates hydrogen rich reform gas from fuel. A primary flow pipe (11) guides the reform gas to the fuel battery. A pump (13) for applying pressure and a hydrogen separation membrane (14) are provided in a secondary flow pipe (12) that branches from the flow pipe (11). A tank (15) stores the hydrogen separated by the membrane.    USE -   For controlling cross valve in order to control electricity generated by fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Eliminates poisoning of electrode catalyst by carbon monoxide in the reform gas. Hydrogen gas of high purity is isolated from the reform gas. A small hydrogen separation membrane is used as quantity of hydrogen in the reform gas is less, thus reducing cost. The fuel battery is filled with hydrogen of high purity after stoppage of the fuel battery, thus improving poisoning recovery effect. The activity is increased by the residual pressure of hydrogen gas. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composition of the fuel battery system. (1) Fuel battery; (2) Modifier; (11) Primary flow pipe; (12) Secondary flow pipe; (13) Pump; (14) Hydrogen separation membrane; (15) Tank; (18) Cross valve.
NOVELTY - A modifier (2) which has a combustor supplies hot gas to a fuel battery (1). A compressor (3) connected to modifier supplies air to the fuel battery. A compressor (7) supplies air directly to the combustor of the modifier.    USE -   In fuel battery system of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The pneumatic pressure and air supplied to the fuel battery and the combustor are controlled independently. The system efficiency is improved by rationalizing the driving force of the compressor. The compressed air ejected from the fuel battery is cooled by a water type intercooler, which is smaller than air type intercooler. The driving force of the compressor is reduced. The raise of backing pressure of the compressor is prevented even if the pneumatic pressure from the compressor is high. The temperature of the compressed air supplied to the fuel battery is maintained at a suitable temperature range even if the temperature of air from the fuel battery is very low. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the block diagram of the fuel battery system. (1) Fuel battery; (2) Modifier; (3,7) Compressors.
NOVELTY - The fuel battery (4), modifier (3) and combustor (5) are stored in a container (12). A part of cathode waste gas from the fuel battery is transferred to the inlet (17b) of the combustor.    USE -   For molten carbon type fuel battery electricity generation installation.    ADVANTAGE -   Nitrogen is not required during plant emergency or during normal run and differential pressure in container is suppressed without using pressure regulating valve. Enables differential pressure control reliably, as it is not influenced by voltage variation or service interruption. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery electricity generation installation. (3) Modifier; (4) Fuel battery; (5) Combustor; (12) Container; (17b) Inlet.
NOVELTY - A dispersion medium and a thermosetting resin are added to yttria stabilized zirconia powder and nickel oxide powder. Mixing is carried out and the obtained slurry is heated to harden thermosetting resin. The solidified body is then dried.    USE -   For solid oxide type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Porous cermet of high open pore rate is obtained without restriction in gel casting.
NOVELTY - An electrolyte matrix layer (1) is provided between a fuel electrode (2) and oxidizing agent electrode (3). Between the matrix layer and either of the electrode, a mixture (6) of heat resistant phosphorus acid microparticle and phosphoric acid is interposed.    USE -   Phosphoric acid type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The interfacial resistance of an electrode and the electrolyte matrix layer is reduced, since the phosphoric acid mixture is interposed in between, thus high electricity generation property is maintained for a long time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the phosphoric acid type fuel battery. (1) Matrix layer; (2) Fuel electrode; (3) Oxidizing agent electrode; (6) Mixture.
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive board (3) is used as separator. A processed electrode (16) with electrode protrusion (20) is formed. Electric power is supplied between the board and the electrode and convex gas passage (30) for active material flow is dig in the board by electrochemical machining.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides gas passage with uniform depth. Eliminates abrasion of processed electrode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of showing the state of electrochemical machining. (3) Electrically conductive board; (16) Processed electrode; (20) Electrode protrusion; (30) Convex gas passage.
NOVELTY - Laminated separators (8a-8c) are provided between cells (9), which have carbon boards separating a heating gas and oxidizing agent gas. The separators are provided with a blow hole each of volume 0.01 cc/g and blow hole radius of 0.1 m. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the operating method of fuel battery.    USE -   In fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Permeation of an electrolyte is restricted, thus a stable and high durable fuel battery is obtained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembled view of fuel battery stack. (8a-8c) Laminated separators; (9) Cells.
NOVELTY - A storage battery (2) serving as an accumulator is arranged between the fuel battery (1) and the load (3). The storage battery absorbs fluctuation and functions depending on fluctuation of power consumption.    USE -   In fuel battery electricity generation systems.    ADVANTAGE -   The electricity generation efficiency is high as there is no influence due to power consumption fluctuation and fuel battery can be run with stability. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows electricity generation system. (1) Fuel battery; (2) Storage battery; (3) Load.
NOVELTY - A modifier (1) supplies hydrogen gas to a primary fuel battery (3). Oxygen gas is supplied by a compressor (7). A sub fuel battery (5) recovers ejected hydrogen gas from the battery (3) and outputs power.    USE -   For fuel battery system of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the remaining hydrogen gas is efficiently utilized, efficiency of the battery is improved. Since separate gas oxygen gas supply unit is not needed, cost of the system is reduced. Since the electric power is supplied from sub fuel battery at the time of failure of primary fuel battery, reduction of operation rate of the system can be suppressed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel battery system. (1) Modifier; (3) Primary fuel battery; (5) Sub fuel battery; (7) Compressor.
NOVELTY - The porous double layered structure is comprised by lamination of iron layer and nickel layer. The crystalline or amorphous iron oxide layer is formed on the exposed portion of iron layer, where nickel layer is not formed. The blow hole rate of the porous structure is 90% or more. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrode board manufacturing method.    USE -   For use as active material holder for collector for alkaline battery such as nickel cadmium battery, nickel zinc battery and nickel hydrogen battery for electric vehicle, various portable machine.    ADVANTAGE -   Nickel corrosion resistant film is formed on the porous bilayered structure using inexpensive material thereby quality of the alkaline battery is improved.
NOVELTY - The surface of pitch based carbon fiber which is subjected to carbonization at 600-1500 C is coated with silver, platinum or copper. The mean particle diameter of carbon fiber is set to 5-50 m.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbon material preparation method.    USE -   For anode of lithium ion secondary battery used in cellular telephone, camcorder and personal computer.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves cycle characteristics of battery.
NOVELTY - A separator for a fuel cell has, on its surface, a film with a water-holdability of 0.3-5.0 g/g film.    USE - In a fuel cell used as a relatively small size power generation plant for buildings and factories.    ADVANTAGE - The conductive coating film has high hydrophilicity and water-holding properties, and plugging of the separator grooves (paths for reactant gas) by the water formed during electricity generation can be reduced significantly. The water trapped in the separator grooves can control the humidity inside the fuel cell, allowing the use of an external humidifier to be reduced or eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for producing a fuel cell separator comprising applying, onto a fuel cell separator base, a conductive coating containing at least a conductive powder and a binder (1-1,000 pts.wt. per 100 pts.wt. of powder) to form a conductive coating film.
NOVELTY - Water is electrolyzed to hydrogen and oxygen. Each gas is separately purified, before recombination in a fuel cell, producing high purity water.    USE - To produce high purity water for use e.g. in semiconductor manufacture, medical applications, nanotechnology and biotechnology.    ADVANTAGE - The water is purified, taking advantage of the (theoretically) high energy efficiency implied by recycling electricity from fuel cells to electrolysis cells. The fuel cell may operate at extremely high temperatures of up to 1000degreesC, with recovery of heat.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the equipment required, comprising an electrolysis unit (2), at least two gas purification units (7, 8) and a fuel cell (9)    Preferred features: Electricity recovered in the fuel cell, powers electrolysis. In addition, the fuel cell may be fed with high purity hydrogen from pressure vessels, and atmospheric air, both having being further purified. The apparatus is divided into a number of electrolysis cells, each with diaphragm separators. Gas purification is by droplet separation and/or filtration, a molecular sieve and/or absorber being employed. The fuel cell has solid electrolyte comprising zirconium dioxide, palladium or platinum. Electrolysis unit, gas purifiers and fuel cells have modular construction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The equipment is shown as a schematic block diagram.    electrolysis unit (2)    gas purification units (7, 8)    fuel cell (9)
NOVELTY - Current generation from hydrocarbon-containing fuel cells, using gas from fuel reforming with carbon dioxide, is new.    USE - For current generation especially from a high temperature fuel cell employing methane (natural gas) as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Use of CO2 instead of steam for reforming of the hydrocarbon fuel reduces the rate of activity loss of the reforming catalyst so that service life is extended Additionally, the CO2 avoids the need for energy input for water evaporation and produces more CO and less H2 so that good efficiency is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The reforming is carried out within a stack of fuel cells, especially high temperature fuel cells. The CO2-containing off-gas is passed, together with unused hydrocarbon fuel, into a fuel cell or fuel cell stack with internal or integrated reforming.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fuel cell power unit according to the invention.    Pre-reformer (1)    High temperature fuel cells (2)    Water condensation unit (3)    Post-combustion chamber (4)    Return line (5)    Pre-reformer supply line (6)    Heat exchangers (8, 9)
The switch has a switch housing (1,2) which can be mounted on a battery pole (3), a fixed isolation contact directly attached to the pole clamp, a movable isolation contact opposite the fixed contact, an on-board network connection conductor and an isolation device (33). The movable isolation contact is mounted on a contact carrier (6), which is pref. spring-mounted w.r.t. the fixed contact.    The isolation device engages the contact carrier and moves it between a closed and an open position.    USE -   Especially for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Simple switch is simple to operate and can be directly mounted on battery pole, usually positive pole, without essentially increasing external profile of battery.
The switch has a switch housing (1) which can be mounted on a battery pole (3), a pole clamp (4) mounted inside the housing and able to be clamped to the pole, a fixed isolation contact, a movable isolation contact, an on-board network connection conductor and an isolation device. The on-board network connection cable is electrically connected to a contact carrier (6).    The fixed isolation contact can be directly clamped to the pole clamp. The movable isolation contact is mounted on a contact carrier opposite the fixed isolation contact, w.r.t. which the contact carrier is spring mounted. The isolation device (33), which engages the contact carrier, changes it between a closed and an open position.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables special isolation of generator/starter circuit from battery with simple, compact switching system whilst remaining on-board network stays connected to battery.
NOVELTY - The alloy composition contains 13-22 wt % of aluminum, 2-8 wt % of chromium, 0.1-4 wt. % of M where M is selected from Zr and Hf, and 1 wt. % of boron or carbon and remaining amount of iron and incidental impurities. The aluminide alloy is resistant to corrosion, when exposed to 500-800 degrees C, when surface of alloy is exposed to reducing gas and another surface is exposed to oxidizing atmosphere.    USE - For container for solid oxide fuel cell for turbine plant.    ADVANTAGE - The alloy possesses significantly improved corrosion resistance at elevated temperature in both oxidizing and reducing environment simultaneously during operation of fuel cells and hence facilitates longer service life. By including carbon, weldability of alloys is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for iron aluminide alloy made container manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of solid oxide fuel cell container.
NOVELTY - An electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitors comprises a borate solution, at least one dicarboxylic acid and a hydrotropic agent.    USE - The electrolyte is used for use in an electrolytic capacitors.    ADVANTAGE - An important feature of the elcap, and thus the electrolyte, is its ability to perform over an acceptable range of temperatures.
NOVELTY - The feed forward system receives signals from all loads and calculates the total instantaneous power demand and generates feed forward output signal to adjust the compressor speed to give electric power output sufficient to satisfy the total instantaneous power demand.    USE - For inter-related control of electric power output and oxidant supply in fuel cell electric power generation system in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - If the total load demand increases and the output current or voltage varies, the air mass flow is also varied which inturn adjusts the output power to satisfy the total instantaneous power demand and hence enhances fuel cell system performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The measured fuel cell stack current is used to determine the air mass flow to be supplied to maintain the power output. Air flow is increased when low voltage condition is detected and the two calculated air mass flow is summed by a summer. The resulting signal is compared with actual air mass flow measured to generate error signal which is supplied to PID control. The PID control provides output feedback correction signal which adjusts the compressor speed. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for describing the control system for inter-relatedly controlling the electrical power output and oxidant supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flowchart explaining the steps involved in controlling operation executed by the control system.
NOVELTY - Wind driven generators are provided in a wind tunnel (43) with an elliptical internal bore extending along the frame structure of vehicle (33) immediately above the front and rear axles. Wind driven generators are equipped with propellers rotatably spinning about the horizontal rotation axis by the flow of air through the wind tunnel for generating electric energy.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Derives electric power from various sources such as wind, sunlight and braking power for extending the driving range of the electric vehicle. Provides a wind tunnel without sacrificing the overall aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle and minimises the drag effect associated with the wind tunnel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - DETAILED DECRIPTION - Regenerative braking system converts braking force into electric power and solar panels (55) attached to the vehicle produce electric power when exposed to sunlight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the wind tunnel of a battery charging system.    Vehicle (33)    wind tunnel (43)    solar panel. (55)
NOVELTY - The output voltage of capacitor (2) is detected by a voltage sensor (5). When the detected voltage is in agreement with preset voltage, an electricity control unit (9) controls the dimension of electricity for charging. An electricity correction unit (10) corrects dimension of electricity based on output electric power of capacitor, detected by an electric power detector (11). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The charging of a electrical double layer capacitor (2) by electric power from a fuel battery (3) is controlled by a charging control unit (4).    USE -   For controlling charging of capacitor used in power supply for mobile robot.    ADVANTAGE -   Maximum electric power output is obtained, as efficient charging of electric double layer capacitor is performed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of capacitor charging control circuitry for mobile robot. (2) Capacitor; (3) Fuel battery; (4) Charging control unit; (5) Voltage sensor; (9) Electricity control unit; (10) Electricity correction unit; (11) Electric power detector.
NOVELTY - The silicone resin (6) injected in one side of the thin metal plate and through a hole (3) formed on the circumference of the thin metal plate (2) to form silicone resin layer (51) on both sides of the plate. Then the silicone resin layer in one side is peeled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thickness of the silicone resin layer ranging between 0.05-1.9 mm has hardness between 40-70.    USE -   As cushioning material such as for electric electronic components, packaging material, spacer and separator of fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The metal composite containing silicone resin layer to its one side is manufactured correctly and efficiently, which is used in large amount.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross-sectional outline of metal composite. (2) Thin metal plate; ; (3) Hole; ; (6) Silicone resin; ; (51) Silicone resin layer.
NOVELTY - A resin flow path (5) is formed around the circumference of a portion (21) of metal thin plate (2) provided in metallic mold. Silicone resin (6) is injected from one side of the metal plate for its easy flow and silicone resin layers (51,52) are formed on both sided circumference of metal thin plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hardness of the silicone resin layer with thickness ranging between 0.05-1.0 mm, ranges between 40-70.    USE -   As cushioning materials such as electric, electronic components, packing materials, spacer and separator of fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE -   The metal plate with silicone resin layers on its both sides is correctly and efficiently manufactured and is used in large amount.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the cross-sectional outline of metal composite. (2) Thin metal plate; ; (5) Flow path; ; (6) Silicone resin; ; (21) Portion of thin metal plate; ; (51,52) Silicone resin layers.
NOVELTY - A modifier (26) with modification catalyst in fuel battery runs at the operating temperature of shift convertor. A composite heat exchanger (33) with methanol evaporator (35), vapor generator (36) and heat carrier (34) is provided at the upper stream side of modifier. A CO removal device (27) is provided with the modifier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolyte film (1) is provided in between cathode (2) and anode (3). The temperature of methanol is varied and supplied to the anode of the battery. The CO removal device in the battery, which is cooled by air cooling fin (29), removes the carbon monoxide in heating gas. The methanol is heated by the exhaust gas from turbine (38) and is passed to the modifier. Metering pumps (44,45) are provided for pumping methanol to methanol evaporator and steam generator. The ratio of revolution number of the metering pumps are synchronized mechanically.    USE -   Fuel batteries in motor vehicle, vessels, spacecraft.    ADVANTAGE -   The apparatus is made simple and size is reduced with the use of modifier and eliminating the use of shift convertor. The CO removal device is cooled by air cooling fin, so the cooling system is simplified without the use of cooling gas or cooling water circulation system. Heat carrier with large thermal capacity, heats the modifier and so the load responsiveness is increased. The use of composite heat exchanger reduces the number of apparatus used separately for heating and vaporization and the system is simplified. Overheating of heat carrier is avoided by using the suitable temperature range of exhaust gases. The rate of methanol and water supply is fixed by the synchronized metering pumps even at the time of load fluctuation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows systematic diagram of system assembly of solid polymer electrolyte fuel battery. (1) Electrolyte film; (2) Cathode; (3) Anode; (26) Modifier; (27) CO removal device; (29) Air cooling fin.
NOVELTY - A hydro carbon group fuel is oxidized to generate electric power and warm water. The carbon dioxide (CO2 ) produced thus is chemically absorbed and released via pipe (6). Warm water produced using heat of CO2is discharged via a pipe (5) connected to electric power generator (2).    USE -   For cogeneration power plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Realizes low cost and high efficient method to suppress carbon dioxide pollution. Overall thermal efficiency is improved by harnessing waste heat to generate warm water. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic arrangement of power generation plant. (2) Electric power generator; (5,6) Pipes.
NOVELTY - The security circuit has comparators (cp) monitoring each cell, and triggering the bridging of faulty cells, allowing degraded operation of the battery. A warning (surv) is sent to the user to alert them to the fault in the battery. The security circuit is supplied from the battery through DC/DC convertors. The circuit can easily be detached and fitted to another battery.    USE - Battery monitoring in applications such as portable electronic equipment and motor vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Allows continued operation of equipment or vehicle despite a cell failure in a battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit schematic    Comparators (cp)    Warning device (surv)
NOVELTY - A deflection chamber (4) interconnects the outlet end (1a) of the oxidation stage (1) to the inlet end (2a) of the reformer (2) stage.    USE - A methanol reformer, e.g. producing hydrogen for a fuel cell powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - A compact, low-weight, relatively inexpensive unit is formed. High hydrogen yield is achieved and hydrogen selectivity is increased. Because oxidation and reforming stages are separated, control becomes relatively simple. Controlling just the oxidant supply, will be seen to alter the ratio of oxidation to reforming rates. Autothermal operation is readily set up in this way.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred features: A hydrogen separation membrane (6) is located on a side of the reformer stage other than the partition. Alternatively, it passes through the reformer stage in the form of hollow channel(s). A lance (12) passes through the oxidation stage, distributing oxidant gas into it. This lance (12) comprises a hollow ceramic fiber matrix. Water (e.g. steam) can be supplied at the inlet end (1b) of the oxidation stage and/or at the inlet of the reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The reactor embodying oxidation and reforming stages, is seen in cross-section.    oxidation stage (1)    outlet end of oxidation stage (1a)    reformer stage (2)    inlet end of reformer (2a)    inlet end of oxidation stage (1b)    hydrogen separation membrane (6)    lance comprising hollow ceramic fiber matrix (12)
NOVELTY - A lithium secondary battery has current collecting tabs connected to the positive and negative electrodes of total cross-sectional area not less than a constant area in accordance with material quality such that may not fuse when at least 100 Angstrom flows through the battery.    USE - Used for electric or hybrid electric vehicles (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows the use of battery tabs as current fuses that will not fuse under normal operation for a battery of not less than 5 Ah capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lithium secondary battery comprises an internal electrode body including positive and negative electrodes wound or laminated via a separator so as to be in contact, an organic electrolyte and current collecting tabs connected to the positive and negative electrodes of total cross-sectional area not less than a constant area in accordance with material quality such that may not fuse when at least 100 Angstrom flows through the battery.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a lithium secondary battery comprises an internal electrode body including positive and negative electrodes wound or laminated via a separator so as not to be in contact, an organic electrolyte and current collecting tabs connected to the positive and negative electrodes which function as current fuses.
NOVELTY - The method involves determining the quotient of a change in the charge of the storage capacitor (3) and an associated voltage change at the capacitor. The capacitance is determined during the charging phase. The change in the charge is determined by at least approximately integrating the charging current during a test period within the charging phase.    USE - For checking the capacitance of a storage capacitor in a passenger protection system, esp. an ignition capacitor.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the check to be made without using the energy stored in the capacitor after charging and at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a test arrangement for checking the capacitance of a storage capacitor in a passenger protection system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of a test arrangement    charge carrier source (2)    storage capacitor (3)    charging resistance (4)    .
NOVELTY - The method involves measuring the charging and discharging currents and summing them over time. Several current measurement arrangements (4,5) are fitted, whereby the individual electrical loads (2,3) are each associated with one of the measurement arrangements and the currents measured by them are summed and added (8) over time.    USE - For detecting residual accumulator charge for an electrically powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The accuracy of detecting residual accumulator charge is improved for an electrically powered vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an example distribution of loads to the current measurement arrangements    loads (2,3)    current measurement arrangements (4,5)    microcomputer (8)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system comprises a reformer unit (18) for generating hydrogen from an energy carrier, especially a liquid material (28), under supply of air for operating a coupled fuel cell unit (10). An oxidation arrangement (34) is arranged between reformer unit and fuel cell unit for converting carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide. The reformer unit and the fuel cell unit are associated with a two-stage compressor (49) for air.    USE - For drive system of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables cost-effective and environmentally friendly application for producing electric energy with high degree of efficiency and small installation space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is provided for a method for producing electric energy through the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an arrangement according to the invention.    fuel cell unit (10)    reformer unit (18)    liquid material (28)    oxidation arrangement (34)    two-stage compressor (49)
NOVELTY - The electrodes (2) of a fuel cell are formed of electrically conducting polymeric fibers impregnated by flow channels running parallel to their surfaces.    USE - Used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell has good operational safety.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell comprises a housing having a first proton-conducting layer (1) covered on both sides by catalyst layers (5) with gas-permeable electrodes (2) on the catalyst layers, and electrically conducting plates (3) arranged on both sides of the layer (1). The electrodes (2) of a fuel cell are formed of electrically conducting polymeric fibers impregnated by flow channels running parallel to their surfaces.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the fuel cell.    proton-conducting layer (1)    electrodes (2)    electrically conducting plates (3)    catalyst layers (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell module has at least two fuel cells (1,2), especially low temperature ones. Each cell has two electrodes (4,5) of different polarity plus an electrolyte (3) located between the electrodes. There is at least one fuel supply channel (10) and at least one oxidant supply channel (11) connected in flow technology fashion to the fuel cells. The fuel cells are located beside one another and the electrolyte of each cell in a common plane. The electrodes of different polarity are connected together electrically. The fuel cells are located in alternating fashion so that the electrodes of neighbouring cells of different polarity lie in a plane.    USE - None given    ADVANTAGE - Reduced electrical losses in fuel cell modules.
(CN1230504-A)   NOVELTY - The DC motor (29) connected to DC battery (32) is provided on bicycle frame, in engagement with tuned centrifugal slip clutch (30) engaged with rear wheel hub assembly to selectively drive the rear wheel. The two stage start run control circuit is connected with the DC battery. The start run control button (52) on steering assembly is connected to control circuit to selectively drive the bicycle assembly.    USE - Electric bicycle assembly or tricycle assembly, four wheel electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The electric bicycle assembly is selectively provided with solar panel adapted to charge the batteries thereby recharging the batteries without readily available electric source. The electric bicycle assembly is having light weight, high temperature DC electric motor with 80% or better efficiency and tuned centrifugal slip clutch in combination thereby results in single stage gear reduction having improved efficiency over multi stage gear reduction by reducing overall mechanical friction which wastes energy. The dramatic lurch forward by bicycle when start run button is engaged, since the tuned centrifugal slip clutch is used. The two stage start run control circuit prevents high current rate drainage of batteries to increase the operating range and efficiency of electric bicycle, without using energy wasting rheostats and voltage dropping resistors and/or expensive solid state controllers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective view of the right side of electric bicycle.    DC motor (29)    Slip clutch (30)    DC battery (32)    Control button (52)
NOVELTY - Interface surface of ceramic material (42) and interface surface of metallic material (40) are positioned adjacent to each other and at least one of them is contacted with a titanium containing braze material (46) having at least 15% nickel. The braze material is heated under vacuum below 1150 degreesC and melted to contact both interface surfaces followed by cooling to form a solid seal between them.    USE - For sealing interface surfaces of ceramic material and metallic pin for use in implantable medical devices, electrical connectors, electronic packages such as fuel cells and gas sensors, structural components such as cutting tool components and inserts, pulp and paper handling equipment, pump component, seawater components and sporting goods such as golf club.    ADVANTAGE - The interface surfaces of ceramic component and metallic components having wide variety of geometry can be hermetically sealed reliably. The braze materials can provide seals on the outer or inner surface of the component assembly and multiple components can be sealed simultaneously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) an insert for contacting the interface surfaces. The insert has an annular configuration and is composed of a braze material containing at least 35% titanium and at least 15% nickel; (ii) component assembly composed of interface surfaces of metallic component and ceramic component. The metallic component contains titanium, niobium, platinum, copper or refractory metal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic cross-sectional side view of component assembly in which the ceramic and metallic interface surfaces are hermetically sealed.    Metallic pin (40)    Ceramic insulating block (42)    Braze material (46)
NOVELTY - Electrical separator comprises a flat flexible substrate having a number of openings and a coating. The substrate material is selected from metals, alloys, plastics, glass, and carbon fibers. The coating is a flat porous electrically non-conducting ceramic coating.    USE - In batteries and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The separator has a long service life.
NOVELTY - External dimension of housing of 6-volt battery is same as that of Group-31 battery. Stud terminals (52,54,56,58) are mounted on a top panel of the housing to provide 6-volt output voltage. Each stud terminal has diameter same as diameter of stud terminals on a Group-31 battery. The stud terminals are positioned near corner of housing of the battery.    USE - For commercial tractor-trailer.    ADVANTAGE - Since the housing and stud terminals of 6-volt battery are same as that of Group-31 battery, both Group-31 batteries and 6-volt batteries can be mounted in standard battery box.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A starting battery module (14) has two 12-volt Group-31 batteries (34,36). An accessory battery module (16) has two 6-volt deep-cycle batteries (42,44) connected in series to provide a 12-volt output voltage. The starting battery module is used to provide electric power for starting engine. The accessory battery module is used to provide electric power for appliances such as light (22), audio (24), video (26), computer (27) etc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of battery power system.    Battery modules (14,16)    Light (22)    Audio (24)    Video (26)    Computer (27)    12-volt Group-31 batteries (34,36)    6-volt deep-cycle batteries (42,44)    Stud terminals (52,54,56,58)
NOVELTY - The manufacturer identity, ultra-fast battery charging capability, and battery capacity are input as battery type information. Battery voltage, charging current and tempera- ture of battery cells are input as monitoring information. The controller adjusts the output voltage and charge current with a very high degree of resolution, based on the battery type infor- mation and monitoring information.    USE - For regulating charging of nickel cadmium battery, lithium ion battery, nickel metal hydride battery used in vehi- cles and also in portable electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size of the charger and offers effi- cient charger since it is housed in small transformerless package for ultracharging in DC to DC environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart explaining steps involved in charging regulation.
NOVELTY - The molded shield has top portion (20), side wall (22) having cantilevered flaps (74,76) and wedge shaped coupling protrusions (64,66). The shield is slided over a battery (12) from top. The cantilever flaps are away till the protrusion passes a battery handle (70) and snaps back after protrusion crosses to lock the shield. Air layer is formed between shield and battery casing to form a thermal barrier.    USE - The shield is used, to provide thermal insulation for batteries to protect from underhood heat and to protect the automobile parts from acid splash from battery at extreme operating conditions.    ADVANTAGE - The snap-on connection helps in easy assembling and disassembling. The coupling protrusions engage the handle of battery which prevents accidental lift off of shield from battery. Battery life is extended, since the batteries are insulated from high temperatures.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional view of the battery protected with the heat shield.    battery (12)    Top portion (20)    Side wall (22)    Protrusions (64,66)    Battery handle (70)    Cantilevered flaps (74,76)
NOVELTY - The axle line (O) of the fly wheel (3) which is provided in battery, is inclined to vertical axis (U). The fly wheel is rotated along with a rotor (6) of generator.    USE -   In battery used for motors and generator used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The generation of mechanical loss is suppressed, since fly wheel is rotated stably. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of fly wheel type battery. (3) Fly wheel; (6) Rotor.
NOVELTY - The amount of target electricity generated at the time of operation of generator motor (2) as a generator is set up depending on the input electric energy to a drop device (19). A controller (9) controls the generator motor based on the target electricity generation.    USE -   As controller in parallel type hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The controller controls the generator motor based on the target electricity, effectively. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the generator motor controller. (2) Generator motor; (9) Controller; (19) Drop device.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen supplied from the modifier (10) by the reaction of hydrocarbon and water from warm water tank (14) is made to react with oxygen in air, in the fuel battery (12) to generate electrical energy and water. The remanant hydrogen from the fuel battery is used to heat the water in the water tank, from where warm water is supplied to the modifier.    USE -   For building, plant which does not receive power from electric power firm.    ADVANTAGE -   Since hydrogen consumption by the battery is decreased, operation of the modifier is carried out for long time. Therefore energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved. Since separate tank is not needed for remanant hydrogen, size of the system is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the energy supply system. (10) Modifier; (12) Fuel battery; (14) Warm water tank.
NOVELTY - When the completion of time zone is detected, the natural gas supply to a modifier and supply of water is restarted and a system controller (62) generates electricity by fuel battery (12). Due to this electricity generation, the temperature of warm water in water tank (42) is raised to target temperature that is 90-100 C and the warm water is supplied to modifier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - During initiation of time zone, the stoppage of natural gas to modifier and supply of water is carried out and the system controller performs stoppage of electricity generation by fuel battery. During stoppage of electricity generation, supply of driving electricity to heater (44) is controlled and temperature of water in warm water tank is raised to target temperature.    USE -   Fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents reduction in temperature of water supplied to modifier and electricity generation efficiency, even when sufficient calorie is not obtained by modifier during predetermined period. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel battery electricity generation system. (12) Fuel battery; (42) Water tank; (62) System controller.
NOVELTY - The judgment unit (104) reads the data regarding charging frequency from memory (110) and judges the state of charging, before discharge. The discharge rate is set based on voltage of battery by adjusting the discharge load (108). The discharge switch (107) is closed to carry-out compulsion discharge of battery to fixed voltage before charging.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for secondary battery charging.    USE -   For charger used in charging nickel-hydrogen battery used in electrically driven bicycle.    ADVANTAGE -   Extends life span of battery by avoiding deficit and excessive enforcement of refresh. Prevents heat generation during discharge by changing discharge rate based on cell voltage before discharge initiation. Reduces cost and size of charger by reducing heat generation. Prevents reduction of electrically assisted time by avoiding reduction of battery capacity by memory effect. Facilitates efficient refresh of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of secondary battery charger. (104) Judgment unit; (107) Discharge switch; (108) Discharge load; (110) Memory.
NOVELTY - The plates (301, 302) consisting of wave like spring material, are arranged between the separators (201, 202) and the electrodes (103,105). The clearance (401) formed between the separator (201) and the electrode (103) is used as fuel gas passing groove. The clearance (402) formed between the separator (202) and other electrode (105) is used as oxide gas passing groove.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrodes are formed on both sides of a solid polymer electrolyte film (101). The hot fuel gas is supplied to one side of electrode and oxide gas is supplied to other electrode.    USE -   For supply of fuel gas and oxide gas to solid polymer electrolyte fuel battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies pressure management of battery. Prevents damage of electrode by increasing pressure exerted between separator and electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of unit cell. (103,105) Electrodes; (201,202) Separators; (301,302) Plates; (401,402) Clearances.
NOVELTY - Gas exhaust units (11,11') are provided in a lid (8) corresponding to each cell (7,7'). Gas exhaust unit (11') of an end cell (7') is provided in the lid portion corresponding to the upper portion cell (7) that adjoins end cell (7'). The exhaust unit (11') and the end cell are connected through a gas exhaust pipe (12).    USE -   For discharging internal gas in airtight lead storage battery used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The gas exhaust unit for the end cell is provided at the interior of the room. Recess and notch are formed on the lid portion corresponding to the end cell. The terminal that is installed lower than the lid surface has reduced dimensions. As a result, the battery secures a long, slender and compact structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the top view of the lid and sectional view showing the arrangement of cells in the battery. (7,7') Cells; (8) Lid; (11,11') Gas exhaust units; (12) Gas exhaust pipe.
NOVELTY - A fuel modifier (10) modifies the hydrocarbon fuel in hydrogen gas which is used to run the spark ignition engine (1). Hybrid motor vehicle is driven by the selective output from motor (2) and spark ignition engine.    USE -   In hybrid vehicle with spark ignition engine.    ADVANTAGE -   Since hydrocarbon fuel is used, emission of gases such as nitrogen oxide, unburnt hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and sulphur oxides is reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of drive system of hybrid vehicle. (1) Spark ignition engine; (2) Motor; (10) Fuel modifier.
NOVELTY - Amount of mixing of water vapor from a stream separator (3) with the original fuel of a fuel battery (2) is adjusted corresponding to the load fluctuation. Molar ratio of water vapor and carbon in the original fuel is reduced with the reduction of the load. Reaction temperature of a modifier (1) obtaining the heating gas supplied to the fuel battery is increased with the reduction of the load.    USE -   For fuel battery type electrical power generation device.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to obtain the heating gas containing appropriate amount of hydrogen from the modifier even with the reduction of the load. Enables to operate the modifier stably and uniformly and to prevent the reduction of utilization of heat generated by the fuel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the heating gas formation system of a fuel battery type electrical power generation device. (1) Modifier; (2) Fuel battery; (3) Stream separator.
NOVELTY - The honey-comb structure has several honey comb channels (12), in which a fuel channel (14) and an air channel (16) are arranged alternately to hold a fuel electrode and the air electrode. The fuel and air electrodes are coupled to the aperture end face of adjacent channels.    For SOFC battery.    Enhances electric power generation capacity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of SOFC battery. (12) Honey comb channels; (16) Air channel.
NOVELTY - Apparatus for isolating a battery (10) and providing reverse polarity to protect components connected to the battery terminals has polarity sensing (22,26). This is coupled to a first battery terminal (14) and an ignition system of a motor vehicle for sensing the polarity conditions of the battery. A switch (24) is connected in series to a second battery terminal (12) and is operatively coupled to the polarity sensing to enable the second terminal.    USE - For isolating a battery in a vehicle and preventing reverse polarity conditions for electrical devices connected to the battery.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus eliminates the need to design electrical components for the vehicles electrical system, resulting in reduced costs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a block diagram of a battery isolation relay and reverse polarity prevention relay.    Battery (10)    Second battery terminal (12)    First battery terminal (14)    Polarity sensing (22,26)    Switch (24)
NOVELTY - A water-spraying unit (26) is provided in an oxidizing unit (34) of a fuel cell system.    USE - Used in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Electrical energy can be economically and environmentally produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell system for a vehicle comprises a reformer unit (18) to produce hydrogen from an energy carrier, especially a liquid raw material (28) to operate a fuel cell unit (10). An oxidizing unit (34) for converting carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide is arranged between the reforming unit and the fuel cell unit. A water-spraying unit (26) is provided in an oxidizing unit of a fuel cell system. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for producing electrical energy using the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system.    fuel cell unit (10)    reforming unit (18)    mixer (20)    water-spraying unit (26)    raw material (28)    oxidizing unit (34)
NOVELTY - A cylindrical reservoir (2) is covered by a layer of insulating material (5) protected by cladding (6) and an electric heating element (7) is secured by blind rivets to the outer surface of the reservoir beneath the insulation. The heating element extends sinuously over substantially the entire outer surface with a control device (14) providing selective control of the heating element up to approximately 250 degrees Centigrade.    USE - Road transporting fluids while preventing their solidification.    ADVANTAGE - More uniform heating of transported fluid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a trailer with a heating element    Cylindrical reservoir (2)    Insulating material (5)    Cladding (6)    Heating element (7)    Alternator (10)    Diesel engine (11)    Control means (14)
NOVELTY - A non-polluting production of hydrogen and electrical energy from ethanol coming from biomass comprises reacting 40-70 wt.%, preferably, 50-60 wt.% ethanol with air in oxygen:ethanol = 0-0.5 (molar) in the presence of a catalyst, where in the same or another reactor, a shift reaction follows; separating hydrogen from the gas mixture and feeding it into a fuel cell to produce electrical energy.    USE - For the production of hydrogen and electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - No harmful emissions to the environment are produced in any of the stages in the process. The efficiency of fuel cells used approaches 70%. It is twice that of thermal engines.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A zero pollutant emission production of hydrogen and electrical energy from ethanol that is produced from biomass comprises:    (a) mixing 40-70 wt.%, preferably 50-60 wt.% ethanol with air in oxygen:ethanol = 0-0.5 (molar);    (b) feeding the mixture into a reactor where partial oxidation and reforming of ethanol occurs in the presence of a catalyst;    (c) in the same or another reactor, shift reaction and if required, the combustion of carbon monoxide or its conversion to methane occurs;    (d) separating hydrogen from the gaseous mixture containing hydrogen in mixture with carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane or other gases exiting from the reactors; and    (e) feeding hydrogen to a fuel cell to produce electrical energy. The ethanol is an aqueous solution coming from fermentation of biomass. It is separated by distillation or any other technique.
NOVELTY - The device can be reset after impact.    USE - Isolation of vehicle battery in event of impact.    ADVANTAGE - Provides rapid isolations whilst also being resetable after impact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vehicle battery providing an electrical power supply comprises a base on which a case stands, with the base and case having complementary electrical connections. The base comprises a housing (10) which has a removable cover and which contains two flat diametrically opposed metal linkages (15,16). These form part of the electrical circuit and define a space between them, and are maintained in electrical contact by means of a cylindrical contact pin (17) supported on them. A balance weight (18) holds the pin in position by gravity, but is able to move in the event of an impact on the vehicle. The cylindrical pin is then released from its position between the linkages, so that the electrical circuit is open.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the connection with removable contact bridge.
NOVELTY - Electrolyzers (2) are equipped with electrically conductive bus bars and rectifiers (3) forming hydrogen as byproduct. The fuel cells are fed with hydrogen and air under pressure. The fuel cells are directly connected to electrolyzers in parallel or serially by bus bars without interposition of any voltage converter or adjuster.    USE - For direct integration of fuel cells in electrochemical plant such as chlor-alkali plants, chlorate electrolysis and hydrochloric acid electrolysis or refinery plants.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy integration of fuel cells in electrochemical plants with the final result of substantially decreasing the overall electric power consumption through the recovery of hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of fuel cells connected parallel with electrolyzers.    Electrolyzer (2)    Rectifier (3)
NOVELTY - The battery plug has a cylindrical housing (12) which is open at the bottom, inserted in an opening in a battery cell, the top opening (16) of the cylindrical housing closed by a cover (18). A collector element, e.g. a labyrinth insert (36), for reception of condensed battery gases is located in the vicinity of the top opening.    USE - The battery plug is used for closing a battery cell, e.g. for an automobile storage battery.    ADVANTAGE - The battery plug provides collection of the condensed battery gases.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-section through a battery plug.    Cylindrical housing (12)    Top opening (16)    Cover (18)    Labyrinth insert (36)
NOVELTY - The aperture includes a lower portion which is large enough to receive the button freely. The upper portion of aperture is smaller than the button but larger than the shaft. A restriction unit is disposed between the lower and upper portions such that it inhibits free movement of shaft between them.    USE - For carrying batteries used for starting, lighting and ignition in automative, recreational and other applications. Also in boats, uninterrupted power supply (UPS) applications.    ADVANTAGE - The handle is versatile and may be readily used in many special environments, since handle is durable and reusable. Avoids effect on aesthetic appearance of battery, whether the handle is attached to it or not. The handle is economical to manufacture and use since it requires minimal labor to engage and disengage from battery casing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The handle has two arms (14,16) extending from its central portion. Each arm comprises a shaft extending from distal end (32). The shafts of the two arms extend towards each other. A button is disposed on the shaft. Each end wall (24,26) of a battery casing (28) includes a recess into which a key hole shaped aperture is opened. The handle is made of rigid yet resilient plastic such as thermoset plastic.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side plan view of handle.    Arms (14,16)    End walls (24,26)    Battery casing (28)    Distal end (32)
NOVELTY - A Kelvin probe is connected to the terminals (14A,14B) of a battery (12) through two cable pairs (16A,16B,18A,18B). An induction cancellation circuit (20) has a transformer coupled to the battery terminals through the Kelvin probe, so that a reverse current produced in the cable (16B) is a function of an applied current passing through the cable (16A) from a current source (22).    USE - For storage batteries such as lead storage batteries in automotive and power standby industries. For batteries in vehicles. For load testers, simple voltage testers.    ADVANTAGE - Protects device from contact resistance variation. Enables to test several cells using the single circuit, without any damage to the circuit. Provides preset current coupling effect in the sensing lead wires. Reduces the requirement of a fuse. Reduce inductive coupling between leads of Kelvin probe. Amplifies AC response signal of tester. Eliminates usage of large AC couple capacitor to block DC voltage from battery. Reduces noise in critical components of tester to improve measurement accuracy. Reduces test time, by using high- speed top-down auto-ranging circuit. Enables to calibrate cells automatically, by using a self-calibration circuit. Enables to compensate variation in the test result, due to temperature variation automatically. Facilitates checking of load testers, simple voltage testers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of reducing inductively coupled current in Kelvin probe of electronic tester.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electronic battery tester.    Battery (12)    Terminals (14A,14B)    Cables (16A,16B,18A,18B)    Induction cancellation circuit (20)    Current source (22)
NOVELTY - A voltage variable portion changes the voltage level of a power output unit in response to an applied actual control voltage of the load. A command module has a processor which changes the control voltage and the output voltage level as a function of preset parameters. A sensing circuit monitors the parameters and transmits the signals to command module.    USE - For varying magnitude of output voltage of power converter in remotely controlled electric power supply. For vehicle e.g. recreation type.    ADVANTAGE - By turning the converter OFF during periods of AC line current draw exceeding an assigned threshold, better management of overall power consumption is performed, and decreasing the inadvertent component stress and resulting failure and increasing the overall safety can be done.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An output unit supplies power to a load connected at a desired voltage level different from that supplied to an input unit, from a source. The operating power is modified and conditioned to produce output power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic circuit diagram of power converter circuit.
NOVELTY - An indicator (30) comprising a pointing needle (32) and scale (34) with indicia (36) of which the needle is connected with flexible separator (54) of lead acid battery. The scale indicates the energy level of the battery with the needle which moves in response to the movement of the separator.    USE - For indicating charging state of secondary battery e.g. lead acid battery used in automotive applications, backup power supplies.    ADVANTAGE - Since the lateral movements of one separator are utilized to indicate energy level of battery, utilization of internal electrical energy of battery is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The needle is made of material having specific gravity substantially equal to average specific gravity of the electrolyte (45). Active lead metal made anodic plates (46) and lead oxide made cathodic plates (50) separated by flexible separators (54) are provided in a casing with sulfuric acid electrolyte (45). An indicator (30) is configured to the casing indicates charging state of battery, in response to movement of separator. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery energy level measuring method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of battery.    Indicator (30)    Needle (32)    Scale (34)    Indicia (36)    Electrolyte (45)    Anodic plate (46)    Cathodic plate (50)    Separator (54)
NOVELTY - A pair of sheets (204,206) that constitute the fluid flow plate (202), has an inward face (208) and an outward fluid flow face (210). An intermediate sheet is interposed between the above sheets. The inward faces of sheets (204,206) are connected through a number of pockets (212).    USE - In automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - The provision of interior pockets in fluid flow plate decreases material usage and hence weight of fuel cell assembly. Moreover reduction of material usage reduces manufacturing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The outward fluid flow face (210) of sheet (204) has flow channel for carrying reactant fluid to fuel cell. The flow channel has an intermediate section connected to several end sections. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fluid flow plate formation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional diagram of fluid flow plate stack.    Fluid flow plate (202)    Sheets (204,206)    Inward face (208)    Outward fluid flow face (210)    Pockets (212)
NOVELTY - The control unit computes the distance required to travel bases of input data. Based on computed distance, the remnant capacity of battery in each vehicle is detected. Based on the remnant data, vehicle selection is carried out.    USE -   For distributed electric vehicle sharing system used in selection management of commuting vehicles used for schools during nights.    ADVANTAGE -   Facilitates user to utilize effectively the electric vehicle, as vehicle is selected depending on charging amount. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of vehicle selection management device.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (107) is fixed on installation surface (106) using cover material (105) which covers the edge of solar battery module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar battery module installation method.    USE -   For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Sublation of solar battery module construction material at edge is prevented. Penetration of water component is prevented and hence reduction in capability of solar battery module is suppressed. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of installation structure of solar battery module. (105) Cover material; (106) Installation surface; (107) Solar battery module.
NOVELTY - A sun gear (46) is formed integrally with the rotor of an AC dynamo (40). An internal gear (25) is fixed onto a crankshaft (12) of an engine. A carrier (31) holds planetary gears (29). The carrier is fixed to a frame to regulate revolution of the planetary gears such that rotor and sun gear are rotated in opposite to crankshaft.    USE -   For IC engine used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Reduces high frequency oscillation of engine, by providing inertial mass in internal gear. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional view of gear oscillation reduction mechanism. (12) Crankshaft; (25) Internal gear; (29) Planetary gear; (31) Carrier; (40) AC dynamo; (46) Sun gear.
NOVELTY - The supercharger comprises the turbine (17) installed in the exhaust path (18), which drives the compressor (16) installed in the air intake path (11). A rotary electric machine (21) is mounted in the revolving shaft which connects the turbine and compressor. An electromagnetic clutch (22) controlled by a controller (24) is installed between the rotary electric machine and compressor.    USE -   In internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE -   When the supercharging is not done, the rotary electric machine is run by disconnecting the clutch and electricity is generated. When supercharging is done, the rotary electric machine runs as a motor and the compressor is driven by the turbine and motor. When operating in the best fuel consumption region part of the exhaust energy is absorbed by the generator preventing faulty engine rotation. Improves the response at the time of supercharging and fuel consumption characteristic. At the time of non-supercharging exhaust energy is usefully recovered. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the supercharging apparatus. (11) Air intake path; (16) Compressor; (17) Turbine; (18) Exhaust path; (21) Rotary electric machine; (22) Electromagnetic clutch; (24) Controller.
NOVELTY - The controller (12) has an electrodischarge processor (127) that makes an electric charge consume the impedance of the winding wire of an electric motor (5) when current is passed to the winding wire of the electric motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - When discharging a smoothing capacitor following the OFF operation of a main contactor and the command value, Iq, of the q shaft current and the command value, Id, of the d shaft current are passed to the winding wire of the electric motor, the command values are limited in a size in which vehicle movement is prevented. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the electric vehicle control procedure.    USE -   For electric vehicle which uses permanent-magnet type synchronous motor for driving.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures simple setting of discharging time of smoothing capacitor without being influenced by external factors e.g. natural frequency of vehicle. Improves safety since discharge operation is stopped when abnormal operation during smoothing capacitor discharge is detected. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the detailed content of an electrically driven mechanism including the controller. (5) Electric motor; (12) Controller; (127) Electrodischarge processor.
NOVELTY - The battery meter (10) has a remaining amount display circuit (16) that determines the remaining capacity of a battery (B) based on the detected driving current or regeneration current of a motor (M) and detected output voltage of the battery. A remaining amount indicator (18) displays the determined remaining battery capacity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery meter has a voltage detector (12) that senses the output voltage of the battery which is used to drive the motor. A current detector (14) senses the driving current or regeneration current of the motor.    USE -   For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures correct determination and display of remaining battery capacity during regenerative braking. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the battery meter. (10) Battery meter; (12) Voltage detector; (14) Current detector; (16) Remaining amount display circuit; (18) Remaining amount indicator; (B) Battery; (M) Motor.
NOVELTY - Electrically insulated coolant (16) is filled in batteries (14) which are accommodated in an airtight container (10). A pipe (15) for cooling the coolant is configured in the container.    USE -   For cooling battery mounted on electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE -   All surfaces of batteries can be cooled uniformly, by uniform distribution of coolant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows flat surface sectional view of cooling system. (10) Airtight container; (14) Batteries; (15) Pipe; (16) Electrically insulated coolant.
NOVELTY - Electricity generators are connected to base material pipe through an interconnector. A collector film (11) is formed by slurry baking process on ends of pipe (100).    USE -   For manufacturing cylindrical solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Mass production of collector film can be carried out with easy installation and maintenance. Contact failure of collector film can be prevented and gain of contact resistance can be restrained. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory diagram of solid electrolyte fuel battery manufacturing method. (11) Collector film; (100) Pipe.
NOVELTY - The communicator receiving traffic information for navigation operation is supplied power from auxiliary power supply (8) when the primary supply (7) cuts off. The auxiliary power supply also supplies power to program processor (14) and program storing device when the primary supply is cut off.    USE -   For vehicle mounted navigation apparatus used for map display, route planning etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Offers navigation apparatus which shortens time until the start of navigation operation where electric power is restarted. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the component of a navigation apparatus. (7) Primary supply; (8) Auxiliary power supply; (14) Program processor.
NOVELTY - The catalyst layer (8) of anode (2) and cathode (3), containing proton conductivity polymer and electrode catalyst particle is formed on both sides of the solid polymer film (1) via proton conductivity polymer layer (9) of different EW. Adjacent to each catalyst layer, gaseous diffusion layer (5) containing electrically conductive porous material and fluorine group polymer is provided.    USE -   In solid polymer electrolyte fuel batteries for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The elimination efficiency of water in cathode catalyst layer is raised with the help of proton conductivity polymer layer having high EW property which prevents water to reach or settle in cathode catalyst layer. Also the gaseous diffusion layer acts as water repellent layer and since being porous prevents water getting settled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the model diagram showing the cell structure of solid polymer electrolyte fuel battery. (1) Solid polymer film; (2) Anode; (3) Cathode; (5) Gaseous diffusion layer; (8) Catalyst layer; (9) Proton conductivity polymer layer.
NOVELTY - The exhaust gas outlet (3) is provided in the upper portion of a cover (2) of battery (1). The hydrogen gas generated from the battery is oxidized to water vapor by use of a catalyst placed in the outlet (3).    USE -   For batteries used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   By provision of catalyst, the hydrogen gas generated from batteries can be ejected to exterior in the form of water vapor. As the hydrogen gas is oxidized by the catalyst satisfactorily the hydrogen gas treatment apparatus excels in practicality and in mass production property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of hydrogen gas treatment apparatus. (1) Battery; (2) Cover; (3) Outlet.
NOVELTY - A vehicle traction battery is cooled by the circulation of a liquid around the double skin (1) of the battery container using a pump (3) and cooling equipment (5). When warming is needed, for example to enable prompt use following parking in cold weather, air between the double skin and an insulating tank (2) is heated and circulated by a resistor/fan unit (6) which is controlled by the existing battery management module (7)    USE - Control of vehicle battery temperature    ADVANTAGE - During parking in cold weather a vehicle traction battery may be maintained at a working temperature at the cost of a very low and sustainable expenditure of energy    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the air circulation system    Double skin of battery container (1)    Outer insulated tank (2)    Cooling pump (3)    Cooling equipment (5)    Resistor/fan unit for warming (6)    Battery management unit (7)
NOVELTY - Mirror current is conducted through a network of transistors (18, 22), and controls the conduction of a first feedback transistor (28) and a second feedback transistor (35) which are each connected to the source of the source follower transistor (24) and in parallel with a weak current source (34). The response of the first feedback transistor is slowed by a resistor (32) and capacitor (30), while the second feedback transistor is not delayed.    USE - For low power supply voltage applications, such as in battery-powered systems, including laptop, notebook, computers, pagers, and automotive applications.    ADVANTAGE - Load regulation, transient response, and power efficiency may be optimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The second feedback transistor assists transient response, particularly in discharging the gate capacitance of the output transistor (12), while the first feedback transistor partially cancels load regulation effects.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMs are included for a method of generating a regulated output voltage from an input voltage and an electronic system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an electrical diagram of the voltage regulator circuit.    Output transistor (12)    Network of transistors (18,22)    Source follower transistor (24)    First feedback transistor (28)    Capacitor (30)    Resistor (32)    Weak current source (34)    Second feedback transistor (35)
NOVELTY - The elements in gas or vapour form are dissociated and partly ionised in the discharge chamber of an ion source. The polymer film is bombarded with 5 keV to 10 MeV ions by the ion source extraction system. As a result, the implanted elements are added to the polymer chains.    USE - Ion and electron conducting membranes obtained by modifying crosslinked polymer film of various types, e.g. polysulphones, are useful in electrochemical energy conversion in fuel cells and electrolysis of water and in the disposal of saline waste and liberation of organic acids by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes. Films with different conductivity zones, obtained by varying the ion dose and composition with time, are useful e.g. for polymer solar cells or gas sensors.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simpler and cheaper than monomer synthesis, polymerisation and functionalisation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of ion and/or electron conducting polymer film with polar reactive groups for technical high grade applications involves ion implantation of ions and atoms with chemical elements having energies of 5 keV to 10 MeV. The elements in gas or vapour form are dissociated and partly ionised in the discharge chamber of an ion source. The polymer film is bombarded with 5 keV to 10 MeV ions by the ion source extraction system. As a result, the implanted elements are added to the polymer chains.
NOVELTY - The terminal has a fastening sleeve (2) to connect to a positive terminal pole (9) on a rechargeable electric battery. Sensors (21,40) and devices (16) process sensor signals and route them to display units using a two-core data line (13). The terminal is also connected by a battery cable (12) to a negative terminal pole on the battery to supply power to the sensors and processing devices.    USE - In vehicles on land, sea or air, especially as an auxiliary energy source for starting main motors. As storage cells in no-break power supply units, solar units or wind generators.    ADVANTAGE - Terminal is simple to install and can be used for optimizing battery usage when charging and discharging. Battery temperature, voltage, current, capacity or ampere-hour amount are determined and displayed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an interior view of a battery measuring terminal with current and temperature sensors.    Fastening sleeve (2)    Positive terminal pole (9)    Battery cable (12)    Two-core data line (13)    Sensor signal processing device (16)    Sensors (21,40)
An ion-exchanging film(IEF) comprises an ion-exchanging resin, which is prepared by copolymerising three kinds of vinyl monomers of formula (1-1), chemically bonded with three kinds of low-molecular wt. type. R1 = film matrix type; R2 = ion-exchanging type; R3 = orienting type; X = 1-50; Y = 0.1-20; Z = 0.02-10; n = 10-1000.    - The IEF is used for a solid polymer type fuel battery, an electrochemical sensor and a flat panel.    ADVANTAGE -   The IEF has a stable larger ion-conductivity than the conventional perfluoro(alkyl)sulphonic acid film has and is low-cost.
NOVELTY - The electrical double layer capacitor using non- aqueous electrolyte containing Li/Li+is provided with a carbonaceous positive polarizable electrode of rest potential 0.5-2.6 V. The negative electrode substance is made of an alloy containing metal lithium that can occlude lithium ion and desorb it, reversibly.    USE -   Used as supplementary power supply and for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   The electrical double layer capacitor can withstand high voltage and has high energy density, durability.
NOVELTY - A wire (22) enclosed in a teflon tube (17), is inserted into one short circuit jig (20) and a partial product layered unit (8) along lamination and orthogonal direction, so that thread part (22b) of wire projects to back side of the other jig. A nut (23) is screwed to the thread part to attach the jigs to cooling plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The short circuit jigs (20) consisting of carbons are configured on both side of the cooling plate (2) positioned on both side of lamination direction of partial product layered unit (8) containing the poor unit cell (5).    USE -   For processing defective cell of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Corrosion of short circuit jig by the electrolyte and clamp, is restrained. Flexibility opposing to the creep transformation is secured and hence defective cell processing time is shortened. Avoids need for a through-hole in partial product layered unit, for inserting a wire. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram explaining processing method of defective cell of fuel battery. (2) Cooling plate; (5) Poor unit cell; (8) Partial product layered unit; (17) Teflon tube; (20) Short circuit jig; (22) Wire; (22b) Thread part; (23) Nut.
NOVELTY - Several layers with defective unit cells (5) arranged on their surface, are laminated through a cooling plate (2). Wires (22) are inserted into layers and two carbon made short circuit jigs (20), along layers lamination and orthogonal direction. A nut (23) is screwed with the thread portion (22b) of wire, to fix the jigs with the cooling plate, for electrically bypassing defective unit cells.    USE -   For processing defective cells of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables reliable fixation of short circuit jigs. Ensures corrosion resistance of short circuit jigs opposing the electrolyte, as they are contactably connected to the cooling plate and the defective unit cells are bypassed electrically. Secures flexibility against the creep transformation and improves dependability. Since the wire is made to penetrate into the gas passage way of unit cell laminated layers, processing of two layers is eliminated, thereby shortening unit cell processing time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partially broken side view explaining the processes involved in defective cell processing method. (2) Cooling plate; (5) Defective unit cells; (20) Short circuit jigs; (22) Wire; (22b) Thread portion; (23) Nut.
NOVELTY - The cross sectional shape of fuel pole channel and air pole channel is alternately made into rectangular flat surface shape with uneven surface in the lamination direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel pole channel row (14), an air pole channel row (16) and a separator channel row (18) are sequentially laminated. These channel rows (14,16,18) provide fuel pole, air pole and separator respectively to honey comb channel internal surface.    USE -   For solid state electrolytic fuel battery (SOFC).    ADVANTAGE -   The effective area of battery is increased by making operating surface of fuel battery uneven, hence improving electricity generation property. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exterior perspective view of SOFC. (14,16,18) Channel rows.
NOVELTY - Fuel pole channel row (14) is arranged in a honey-comb structure constituted by polygonal honey-comb channels (12). Fuel poles are provided in the internal surface of honey- comb channel. Air pole channel row (16) and separator channel row (18) are arranged parallel to each other. Slits are formed so as to divide separator channel row from fuel pole and air pole channel rows.    USE -   For solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   As the honey-comb structure is manufactured using a single material, production cost is reduced and mass production is enabled. Reduces electric power loss by contact resistance, in separator channel. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the fuel battery. (12) Honey-comb channels; (14) Fuel pole channel row; (16) Air pole channel row; (18) Separator channel row.
NOVELTY - Ribs (9a-9c) are arranged on the top of an interconnector (8), in the direction of fuel gas passageway. The spacing between the ribs is set such that it gradually increases from the inflow opening towards the outlet hole of fuel gas passageway.    USE -   In solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Increases gas flow rate and prevents degradation of battery characteristics. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of the fuel battery. (8) Interconnector; (9a-9c) Ribs.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte reservoir module (100) arranged at lower part of wet seed section (6b) of separator board (66) includes two reservoirs (101,102), laminated one over the other. Only the reservoir (101) contacts the edge of the oxidizing agent electrode. The diameter of mean porosity of the reservoir (101) is smaller than that of the reservoir (102).    USE -   For molten carbonate type fuel battery for electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents degradation of fuel battery since carbonate is supplied at appropriate time. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the wet seed part of the single cell of the fuel battery. (6b) Wet seed section; (66) Separator board; (100) Electrolyte reservoir module; (101,102) Reservoirs.
NOVELTY - A separator (1) has a conductive ceramic surface layer (13) and a heat resistant metal base material (11). An intermediate layer of metal mixture (12) is provided between the surface and base layers.    USE -   For isolation between single cells in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The separator has good mechanical strength, oxidation resistance and low electrical resistance even at high temperature of 800-1000 C. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of separator. (1) Separator; (11) Base material; (12) Intermediate layer of metal mixture; (13) Ceramic surface layer.
NOVELTY - The gas turbine (109) is driven by exhaust combustion gas (16) of fuel battery (101) and air devoid of nitrogen. The steam turbine (107) is driven by the steam (32) from a heat exchanger which is used for fuel battery during power generation. The exhausted fuel and air supplied to the gas turbine are cooled to predetermined temperature.    USE -   For combined cycle power generation plant.    ADVANTAGE -   Stabilizes electricity generation by fuel battery since the operating temperature of the fuel battery is maintained as constant. Improves operating efficiency of fuel battery and hence electricity generation. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the combined cycle power generation system. (16) Exhaust combustion gas; (32) Steam; (101) Fuel battery; (107) Steam turbine; (109) Gas turbine.
NOVELTY - Slurry containing electrode material powder and airpole material powder with water absorbent is painted to the mold (7). Then, several rod-shaped bodies (8) with a hollow portion are distributed in the coated slurry, then sintered and dried. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hollow flat substrate.    USE -   For manufacturing hollow flat board used in solid electrolyte fuel battery cell.    ADVANTAGE -   The production of solid electrolyte fuel battery cell is simplified. The shape of gas passage is easily changed with the shape of rod-shaped body, thus board of high strength and high charging-discharging characteristics is produced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the production process of hollow flat board. (7) Mold; (8) Rod-shaped body.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen generator (14) generates hydrogen by electrolysis of water. The generated hydrogen is stored as fuel in hydrogen storage tank (36). A controller controls the operation of hydrogen generator such that it is operated only during predetermined time.    USE -   For generation of electricity using hydrogen as fuel for air-conditioner.    ADVANTAGE -   Enables to generate electrical energy depending on external load. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of hydrogen fuel electricity generation system. (14) Hydrogen generator; (36) Hydrogen storage tank.
The arrangement has a signal generator (6) and a switching element (7b) which conducts current in one direction and blocks current in the other direction. The switching element is connected to the supply voltage connections (30,32) so that when the supply connections are reversed it supplies a current which activates the signal generator.    The signal generator and the switching element are connected in series. The switching element is a semiconducting diode and the signal generator can be a vehicle horn.    USE -   Protecting electrical and/or electronic equipment.    ADVANTAGE -   Can cost-effectively protect equipment with at least short-term resistance to cross-connection, essentially reducing danger of damage caused by erroneous connection.
NOVELTY - A generator (20,30) for generating electrical energy, especially for extracting brake energy in vehicles, comprises two magnetic field-producing coils (1-32) lying opposite one another, separated by an airgap (29,45) to each of which is assigned one voltage tapping-off device (5-42). They can be moved by force independently of one another. A first coil is force-coupled to the vehicle's engine 910) and the second coil to the gearbox 99) of the vehicle's drive. The coils are each moved via pulley belt drives (4-13). A magnet (33) is located in the airgap. The coils are designed as rotationally movable annular coils. The magnet is designed as an annular arrangement with integrated permanent magnets or solenoids.    USE - None given    ADVANTAGE - Can be used without its own drive device or additional switching devices for variable relative speeds between rotor and stator.
NOVELTY - A device for voltage supply in a car has a battery that can be charged up by a generator to supply voltage for supplying the loads. It comprises a number of battery cells wired in series, each with a positive and negative set of plates with a minus and at least two plus terminals. The first plus terminal gives the rated voltage of the battery. The second plus terminal (19) is connected to the positive plate (13) of the battery cell (11) at which lies the voltage needed for further loads that can be connected to the second plus terminal.    ADVANTAGE - Can supply loads at main supply voltage and others at a different voltage, yet needs no special control measures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The further loads (20) are the, or a, control apparatus of the car or loads which need a much lower voltage than the supply voltage, whereby the loss power in these loads is reduced.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) is contacted with the catalytic anode of an electrolytic cell, and reacts to form elemental sulfur, protons and electrons. Water or hydrogen is formed in the cathode chamber. The temperature of anode and cathode chambers is at least 120 degreesC and are maintained at an elevated pressure sufficient to keep the membrane moist.    USE - In a fuel cell for generating electrical energy with H2S as a feed.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen sulfide is converted to sulfur with the concurrent production of electrical energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolytic cell having an anode (15) and cathode (16) separated by a conductive membrane (17) is used. The H2S is contacted with the anode to form elemental sulfur, protons and electrons. The protons are passed through the membrane to the cathode chamber where they are either reacted with an oxygen-containing gas to form water or react to form hydrogen. The chambers are both maintained at a temperature of at least 120 degreesC and the pressure is maintained sufficiently high that the membrane is kept moist.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electrolytic cell.    Anode; (15)    Cathode; (16)    Conducting membrane (17)
NOVELTY - Hub having opposite sections (12,12A) is secured to a shaft (16) and joined to inner surface (24) of interface disk (20) having a hoop (40). An annular rim (70) extends between each hub section and on rotation, the hub sections expansively deform about the rim to maintain a substantially stress free condition at the disk and rotor (22) interface.    USE - In high energy flywheel for hybrid electric vehicles, earth orbitting satellites, military weapons, power utilities, load leveling, space stations, etc.    ADVANTAGE - As the flywheel rotates, hub surfaces flex to create a compression at the rotor, which prevents the fiber matrix material of the rotor from pulling apart, thus allowing more energy storage. The expansion of the hub allows the rim to position its center of mass on the axis of the shaft thereby facilitating self-balancing of the flywheel thus reducing vibration in rotor which in turn reduces reacting loadings which impair operational life.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of flywheel hub.    Hub sections (12,12A)    Shaft (16)    Interface disk (20)    Rotor (22)    Inner surface (24)    Hoop (40)    Annular rim (70)
NOVELTY - A carbon black-supported catalyst for use in gas diffusion electrodes has an atomic composition Ptx:Moy, where x is from 0.5 to 0.9 and y is from 0.5 to 0.1.    USE - As a selective oxidation catalyst for fuel cells or oxidation of hydrogen in the presence of CO.    ADVANTAGE - Activity is both high and controllable and hydrogen can be oxidized in the presence of CO without adversely affecting the platinum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (a) a gas diffusion electrode having a web and the catalyst layer above; (b) an ion exchange membrane coated on one side with the catalyst above; (c) a method of preparing the catalyst above comprising adding a reducing agent to a slurry of metal solution and carbon and alloying the elements at above 300degreesC; and (d) a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack comprising the catalyst above and being fed with hydrogen containing at least 10 ppm of CO.
NOVELTY - An apparatus (10) consists of an inflatable vehicle occupant protection device (12) and an inflator (20) for inflating the inflatable vehicle occupant protection device. The inflator (20) has a chamber (40) in which a piezoelectric device (102) is placed. An energy storage device (106) and a pressure transducer (108) sense the change in a predetermined pressure and transmit a signal through the chamber wall (32). A third device a signal processor (124) and a monitoring device (126) outside the chamber detect the signal.    USE - An apparatus and method for sensing gas pressure inside an inflator for inflating an inflatable vehicle occupant protection device. E.g. an air bag    ADVANTAGE - Indicates the pressure the pressure inside an air bag inflator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the method of applying and using the system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic illustration of a portion of an inflatable vehicle occupant device.    Apparatus (10)    Occupant protection device (12)    Inflator (20)    Chamber wall (32)    Chamber (40)    Piezoelectric device (102)    Energy storage device (106)    Pressure transducer (108)    Signal processor (124)    Monitoring device (126)
NOVELTY - Battery pack housing is plastic molded using a two-part mold with structural gussets for strengthening the mounting points. Air slots channel air to cool the batteries through an elliptical opening; the air slot and gussets being invisible from outside.    USE - Battery pack housing is for e.g. a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Battery pack housing is low cost, enables management of battery temperatures during various driving modes and requires no expensive multiple-slide tooling for manufacture.
NOVELTY - A control unit controls a switching apparatus (10) so that a supplement engine is stopped and a main engine (1) drives a supplement machine during driving of vehicle. If the vehicle is to be stopped, the main engine is stopped and the supplement machine is driven by the supplement engine.    USE -   For auxiliary driving gear of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   The main engine is stopped and the supplement machine is driven by the small sized supplement engine, therefore fuel consumption is reduced. During driving of the vehicle, the supplement engine is stopped, thus fuel consumption is further reduced. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of controller of the auxiliary driving gear. (1) Main engine; (10) Switching apparatus.
NOVELTY - The method requires one of the workpiece to be harder then the other whereby, an array of outwardly pointing integral burrs (2) are gouged out on harder metal (4). Applying pressure across surface to cause penetration to the softer metal (6), providing metal-to-metal contact within the bonding layer (10), which is in between both workpiece and setting the bonding material.    USE - This method can be used for bipolar separator plates in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Technically simple and provides a thermal and electrical conductive joint without distortion to the workpiece.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - This drawing shows two workpiece bonded with bonding layer in between.    Burrs (2)    Harder metal (4)    Softer metal (6)    Bonding layer (10)
NOVELTY - A battery module consists of six electrochemical elements (11, ..16 ) each having a pressure sensitive sensor which closes a corresponding contact (51,...56) when the element pressure exceeds a threshold. A relay coil (7) is then energized and the relay contact (9) short circuits the battery module and the module protection (3) which may consist of a fuse or alternatively a transistor or thirster    USE - To protect battery modules    ADVANTAGE - The protective system removes the faulty module from the power path (2) but enables the battery to continue in operation without the faulty module. The protective equipment does not increase the internal resistance of the battery and no separate electricity supply is required    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the general arrangement of the pressure operated contacts and relay    Electrochemical elements (11, ..16 )    Module protection (3)    Pressure operated contacts (51,...56)    Relay coil (7)    Relay contact (9)
NOVELTY - The lighting arrangement esp. consists of a headlight and a rear light with rechargeable batteries. The arrangement uses batteries from battery-powered screwdrivers or drills by means of an adapter. The adapter has a non-conducting plastic base (1) and contact surfaces for the battery (10) and a connection to the cycle head lamp or rear lamp circuit. The battery has a clamp arrangement with springs (3,4).    USE - For cycle lighting.    ADVANTAGE - Improved and made more efficient compared to conventional lights.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an adapter and battery    adapter (1)    springs (3,4)    contact surfaces (5,6)    battery (10)
NOVELTY - The matrix (7) has passages (18) for passage of gas. A matrix seal provided at vicinity of gas supply-discharge units, has protrusions extending around openings of gas supply discharge units, separator plate or lips. The height of protrusion is 1 mm.    USE - In laboratory.    ADVANTAGE - The protrusions in matrix seal increase contact pressure of matrix plate thus increasing pressure applied to matrix plates of fuel cell and prevents crack formation in matrix material. Good gas seal is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell (13) includes anode (3), cathode (4) and a matrix (7) interposed between them. Both the anode and cathode have gas supply discharge units (8,9) having openings which extend perpendicular to the anode and cathode surface. The matrix extends in the area outside the anode and cathode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of fuel cell.    Anode (3)    Cathode (4)    Matrix (7)    Gas supply discharge units (8,9)    Fuel cell (13)    Passage (18)
NOVELTY - The hybrid car drive system comprises means (22) for transmitting the output torque of an internal combustion engine (10) and/or the output torque of an electric motor (19) to the driving wheels. The hybrid car drive system includes a turbo-generator (7) for converting the exhaust energy from the internal combustion engine into electrical energy and means (1) for electrically connecting the turbo-generator with the electric motor.    USE - Driving hybrid cars.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of the hybrid car is improved by maintaining the driving with lean mixture as long as possible.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a method for driving a hybrid car, and an apparatus for driving a hybrid car.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the system.
NOVELTY - An input unit is powered by a human operator to generate mechanical energy which is converted into electrical energy using a generator (60) and is stored in ultracapacitor (44). The position of input unit is detected by a sensor and a controller (74) controls the load on the generator to maximize the human-powered energy output efficiency based on the detected position and energy stored.    USE - For human-powered vehicle such as boat.    ADVANTAGE - The human-powered energy output efficiency is enhanced by controlling load on electrical generator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An output unit outputs desired type and levels of voltage and current, by controlling electrical energy conversion based on powered input and storage energy. The storage unit is either an ultracapacitor, thin metal film battery or a flywheel with built-in motor/generator. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a powering method for human-powered vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of the human-powered energy generator and transmitter.    Ultracapacitor (44)    Generator (60)    Controller (74)
NOVELTY - Proposed suspension has articulated parallelogram connecting vehicle body with wheel through bearing into which hydraulic cylinder with additional hydraulic cylinder, rod and spring is introduced. Additional hydraulic cylinder has grooves and is fixed on rod and arranged in hydraulic cylinder. Spring is fitted on rod and engaged with additional hydraulic cylinder. Ferromagnetic liquid is filled in hydraulic cylinder. Rod is made hollow. Hollow needle fitted in rod is connected to hydraulic pump. Hydraulic cylinder is enclosed by solenoid connected to ac generator on transmission shaft through autotransformer on control axle. Additional piston with rod is driven in to additional hydraulic cylinder, movable portion of suspension being connected to rod of additional hydraulic cylinder.    USE - Automotive industry suspensions for vehicles designed for operation under heavy conditions.    ADVANTAGE - Enlarged operating capabilities. 2 dwgr
NOVELTY - The solid electrolyte cell has a gas conduction- path formation portion (7) which consists of square bar of LaMnO3and oxidizing agent gas conduction path (6A) near the solid electrolyte (2) with coefficient of thermal expansion smaller than that of the separator (4A). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cell has an anode (1) and cathode (3) on both sides of a solid electrolyte. The separator of NiCr heat resistant alloy is arranged between the cells.    USE -   The solid electrolyte type fuel battery is used for conversion of Gibbs free energy to electrical energy by electrochemical reaction.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the coefficient of thermal expansion of solid electrolyte is less than that of the separator, the thermal stress produced between a solid electrolyte and separator is relaxed. Solid electrolyte is not damaged. The fuel battery runs safely and is of low cost. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composition of the solid electrolyte type fuel battery. (1) Anode; (2) Solid electrolyte; (3) Cathode; (4A) Separator; (6A) Gas conduction path; (7) Path formation portion.
NOVELTY - Stoppage control circuit (30) prohibits the operation of a constant voltage circuit (20) supplying a fixed voltage to a power supply line (DL), when the constant voltage circuit is operated for more than permissible time. Stoppage of the constant voltage circuit is not performed, when the power fed to the power supply line (+B) connected to a battery (BT) via a relay (RLY) is stopped temporarily.    USE -   For electronic control unit in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE -   Achieves size reduction and enables stable feeding of electric power to various apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the power supply circuit. (20) Constant voltage circuit; (30) Stoppage control circuit; (BT) Battery; (RLY) relay.
NOVELTY - The collector units (4a,4b) are hollow and the temperature of the collector units are controlled by partially passing a heat carrier to the hollow section.    USE -   For solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The thermal stress due to difference in coefficient of linear expansion of a single cell and collector unit is reduced and avoids debonding or damage of single cell. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the solid electrolyte type fuel battery. (4a,4b) Collector units.
NOVELTY - The cells (1) are connected between the collectors (4a,4b). The gas passages (5a,5b,6) of same shape are formed between the cells and collectors and between the cells. The gas passages (6) are arranged in vertical to gas flow direction in other gas passages.    USE -   For solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Improves power generation property, by maintaining uniform gas flow. Maintains uniform gas flow, by adjusting shape of gas passage and inner wall of power generation chamber. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of fuel battery. (1) Cells; (4a,4b) Collectors; (5a,5b,6) Gas passages.
NOVELTY - The cell aggregate (4) of the fuel battery includes a single cells (1) connected serially, between collector units (3).    USE -   In solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The work hours required for assembly is reduced and removal of cell aggregate unit is made easy. Detection of abnormality or failure is easy as output is detected through pair of collector units. The diffusibility of gas improves and electricity generation efficiency is improved as conductive felt for parallel connection is not required. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional diagram of the cell aggregate for fuel battery. (1) Single cell; (3) Collector units; (4) Cell aggregate.
NOVELTY - The air polar film (4) is formed on the surface of a porous fuel pole (2) through the electrolyte film (3). A separator film (5) is formed on backside of the porous fuel pole. A porous air pole (6) is formed over the air polar film.    USE -   For cell stack used in planar solid electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies structure of cell, by avoiding formation of rib for gas flow path formation. Increases power generation characteristic of battery, by increasing area of cell. Enables absorption of thermal stress, during power generation by forming fuel pole and air pole by porous object. Improves power generation property in single cell, by increasing contact area of electrode with gas. Reduces contact resistance between fuel pole, air pole and separator, by increasing contact area between them. Reduces power loss, by internal resistance of separator and electrolyte. Reduces manufacturing cost of single cell, by reducing amount of expensive separator material. Enables easy control of quality of battery, by avoiding need for pre-formation of penetrating bore and propagation hole. Prevents damage of cell by increasing its strength. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of cell stack. (2) Fuel pole; (3) Electrolyte film; (4) Air polar film; (5) Separator fil
NOVELTY - Before changing fuel of combustion unit (6), nitrogen is supplied to it from a supply line (4). The amount of nitrogen is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 increment of amount of modification gas. The hydrocarbon in modification gas is reduced by suitable nitrogen supply.    USE -   For fuel modifier of molten carbonate type fuel battery in power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE -   As heating value of fuel is controlled smoothly during start of fuel battery, burning of the modifier combustion catalyst is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the molten carbonate type fuel cell power generation plant. (4) Nitrogen supply line; (6) Combustion unit.
NOVELTY - A ceramic sealing cap (11) is fixed to one end of cylindrical container (8) at outer circumferential surface. A gas seal layer (9) of ceramics is installed between the container (8) and a cylinder portion (13) of the sealing cap with thickness of 70-250 m.    USE -   For cylindrical solid electrolyte type fuel battery cell.    ADVANTAGE -   Sealing of one end of cell container is performed easily and reliably using ceramic sealing cap. Because of the gas seal layer, gas leak is prevented, and hence expansion of cell main body is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the cylindrical solid electrolyte type fuel battery cell. (8) Cylindrical container; (9) Gas seal layer; (11) Ceramic sealing cap; (13) Cylinder portion.
NOVELTY - Coupling holes are connected to the through holes (1-3) in the partition sections to direct fuel gas towards electrode layers. Spacers (54) with ligation holes are connected to the through holes and surrounds the electrode layers. Gas is guided towards main sections (51) in forward or reverse direction by the guide section provided in the spacers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The coupling holes are arranged on both sides of the partition sections surrounding the main section. A common ejection route is formed between the through holes.    USE -   For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Ensures uniform supply of gas to each cell, as guide section is provided in the spacers. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the lamination structure of separator in fuel battery. (1-3) Through holes; (51) Main section; (54) Spacers.
NOVELTY - In the main stream flow path board (4), gas passing holes (4A1,4A2) and linear-parallel slits (41,42) are formed. A distributed flow path board (5) with slits (51), and gas passage holes (5H1,5H2) is arranged in orthogonal direction of the slits (41,42). The reaction gas passes through the gas passing hole and slits selectively and reaches the electrode surface to perform required reaction.    USE -   For circulating hydrogen gas on surface of electrode of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   Simplifies gas supply by simply opening gas conduction hole and linear slits formed on respective boards thereby reduces cost. The compact boards are used thereby reduces size. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the gas flow path of the fuel battery. (4) Main stream flow path board; (4A1,4A2) Gas passing holes; (5) Distributed flow path board; (5H1,5H2) Gas passage holes; (41,42) Linear-parallel slits; (51) Slits.
NOVELTY - A system controller (46) operates damper units (76,78) such that when an air-conditioner (12) is operated in the heating mode, the damper units guides high temperature exhaust gas from a fuel battery (16) to an outdoor heat exchanger (30) of the air-conditioner. When the air-conditioner is operated in the cooling mode, the exhaust gas is guided to a heat exchanger (48) of a water heater (14).    USE -   For air-conditioner which is operated by a fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE -   The heat ejected by the fuel battery is used either by the air conditioner or the water heating apparatus thereby ensuring efficient recovery of heat ejected by the fuel battery. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a heat recovery system of an air-conditioner operated by a fuel battery. (12) Air-conditioner; (14) Water heater; (16) Fuel battery; (30) Outdoor heat exchanger; (46) System controller; (48) Heat exchanger; (76,78) Damper units.
(ES2130996-A1)   NOVELTY - A negative electrode for an alkaline battery is manufactured by applying a conductive base to a nickel support, adding a layer of metallic hydride alloys, and pressing and activating.    USE - Especially with a rechargeable nickel-metallic hydride battery for e.g., electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode is manufactured having low internal resistance, high power and long cycle life.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises: mixing powders of an agglomerating compound and a conductive compound in water or a solvent by alternate mashing and laminating; applying the resulting conductive base to both sides of a porous nickel support; coating with a uniform layer of powdered metallic hydrides as active material; pressing the assembly; and activating by partial oxidation of the surface to create active centers for the absorption and desorption of hydrogen.
NOVELTY - Sintered complex oxide ceramic body having a perovskite crystal structure consists of a specified composition.    USE - Used as a separating element in solid electrolyte fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The ceramic body has high sinter density, high stability in an atmosphere having a low oxygen partial pressure at high temperatures, low phase transition temperature and a heat expansion coefficient which is the same as that of the yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconium dioxide solid electrolyte.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sintered ceramic body consists of a composition of formula: (La1-xSrx)a(Cr1-y-zAlycoz)bO3 (where, x +z is not less than 0.06; z is not less than 0.02; x + y + 3z is not more than 0.25; 2x + 3y + 5z is not less than 0.40; x + y is not less than 0.12; and b/a = 1.00-1.04). The sintered body has a relative density of 94% or more, a bending strength of 15 kg/mm2 or more at room temperature and also after exposure for 24 hours to an atmosphere of moist hydrogen with an oxygen partial pressure of 10 Power (-18), a coefficient of expansion of 0.3% or less at room temperature and also after exposure for 24 hours to an atmosphere of moist hydrogen with an oxygen partial pressure of 10 Power (-18), an average heat expansion coefficient at 30-1000 degrees C in the region of 9.8-11.0 x 10 Power (-6) K(-1); and a phase transition temperature from a rhombic system to a rhombohedric system of -20 degrees C or less.
A fuel-cell stack having at least two fuel-cell (BZ) units (4) in which a sealing frame (1) tightly encloses the intermediate space between the separators of BZ-units (4) for receiving a cooling medium. In the fuel-cell stack, the supply- and distribution-channels for the cooling medium are specifically integrated in the sealing frame (1).    The axial channels are specifically formed by stacking the individual BZ-units with support rings, which have axial and radial borings, positioned between them.    USE -   Liquid cooled fuel-cell batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   Cost-favourable and compact design for liquid cooling of fuel cell stack.
NOVELTY - The electric vehicle includes a combined accumulator jar, a motor, a wind power generator and electronic elements.    USE -   None given.    ADVANTAGE -   The vehicle has a simple structure allowing easy maintenance. Saves energy, protects the environment and eliminates waste gas pollution.
NOVELTY - Apparatus for selective oxidation of carbon monoxide comprises: (i) a reaction vessel filled with a catalyst which catalyzes the oxidation of carbon monoxide in preference to hydrogen in a hydrogen-rich gas, in the presence of oxygen; (ii) a device to supply oxygen (-containing) gas to different areas of the reaction vessel carrying the hydrogen-rich gas; and (iii) at a more downstream point along the stream of hydrogen rich gas, a larger cross section.    USE - For selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich gas.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich gas whilst maintaining a high concentration of hydrogen in the gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows apparatus for selective oxidation of carbon monoxide.    Reaction vessel casing (34, 36, 38)    Catalyst (44, 46, 48)    Air-introducing pipes (54, 56, 58)    Cooling pipes containing water (64, 66, 68)
NOVELTY - Wastewater containing sulfides is biotreated by applying strains of bacteria and additionally applying a co-cultural blend formed by the strain(s) of bacteria with a heterotroph(s).    USE - For the biotreatment of wastewater from pulping industries to remove or reduce sulfides.    ADVANTAGE - The process is economically-feasible and minimizes sulfide releases to the atmosphere, thus treated wastewater could be discharged into the environment or could be reused. It minimizes equipment investment and operating capital that are needed in a process for treatment of wastewater from pulp and paper industries.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Biotreatment of wastewater containing sulfides comprises applying strains of bacteria from Thiobacillus and additionally applying a co-cultural blend formed by the strain(s) of bacteria from Thiobacillus with a heterotroph(s). The blend is able to grow under reduced oxygen conditions, to convert sulfides to sulfur incorporated in the biomass of the Thiobacillus and to minimize chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) of the wastewater.
NOVELTY - The oxidation of volatile organic compounds to carbon dioxide and water, is initiated at -5 - 120 degreesC. A gaseous mixture comprising a volatile organic compound and an oxygen containing oxidizing agent, is exposed to a catalyst. The catalyst comprises 1-50 (wt.%) of noble metal and 50-99 wt.% of metal oxide such as tin oxide, which possesses one or more stable oxidation states.    USE - For homes, automobiles, airplanes, ships, boats, industrial plants, selective chemical sensors and catalytic converters for combustion process such as internal combustion engines.    ADVANTAGE - The components obtained during the oxidization of volatile organic compounds, are non-toxic. Frequency of replacement of catalyst is reduced. The catalyst does not retain the volatile organic compound and therefore does not constitute a waste problem as in the case of filters. Air pollution is prevented. The catalyst requires minimum amount of heat.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The oxidation of volatile organic compounds to carbon dioxide and water, is initiated at -5 - 120 degreesC. A gaseous mixture comprising a volatile organic compound and an oxygen containing oxidizing agent, is exposed to a catalyst. The catalyst comprises 1-50 wt.% of noble metal selected from platinum, palladium, gold, silver and rhodium, and 50-99 wt.% of metal oxide such as tin oxide, which possesses one or more stable oxidation states.
NOVELTY - The composition comprises 40-85 weight% (wt.%) of inert carrier particles, 50-40 wt.% of metal oxide particle with a particle size at most 150 mum and 5-35 wt.% of moistening agent comprising water and glycol. The amount of glycol is 2-20 weight parts (wt. pts.) and the amount of water is 1 wt.pts.    USE - For removal of sulfur from dehydrated natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas.    ADVANTAGE - The removal of sulfur from the dehydrated gas is easy as the moistening of the gas prior to sulfur removal is eliminated. The method of removing water from gas after desulfurization can be neglected. The hygroscopic solution containing triethylene glycol moistens the metal oxide and do not vaporize easily thereby preventing contamination of the gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of removing sulfur compounds from dehydrated gas. Hygroscopic moistening agent solution is formed by mixing glycol and water. Metal oxide composition is formed with inert carrier, metal oxide particles and moistening agent solution in the reactor. The reactor is attached to gas source from which the gas to be treated emanates. The gas to be treated is dehydrated natural and liquefied petroleum gas. After passing the gas to the reactor the at least 50% of the sulfur is removed from the processed gas and the gas remains dehydrated.
NOVELTY - Processing of waste water containing organic compounds involves subjecting the organic compounds to an activation process using irradiating energy. The organic substances have a lowered resistance to decomposition by a microorganism, which enables biological treatment to be carried out.    USE - For processing waste water containing organic compounds (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The processing capacity of the microorganism is increased. The process efficiency is good. The waste water treatment can be carried out at a low concentration from a high concentration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing apparatus of waste water containing organic compounds.
NOVELTY - A microbe of Pseudomonas genus which can decompose oil/fat at 10 to 37 degrees Celsius.    USE - The method can be used for the efficient treatment of waste water containing oil or fat at low temperature ranges.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM included for treatment of waste water in which the claimed microbe is added to waste water containing oil or fat.
NOVELTY - A moisture content measuring device is installed in an organic sludge treatment tank (10) equipped with carrier (12) for microorganisms (for treating organic substances). Coils are wound around the inner walls of the tank (14,16), one below the other. The coils are connected to apparatus (18,20) which measure the moisture content based on changes, such as inductance, in coil property.    USE - For organic waste processing apparatus (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Moisture content of microorganism carrier is measured accurately. Deterioration in microorganism activity due to overheating of the organic sludge, is reliably prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the installation of the moisture content measuring device in organic waste processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (10)    Carrier (12)    Coils (14,16)    Measurement parts (18,20)
NOVELTY - Decomposition of various organic substances such as fats and oils, hydrocarbons and toxic substances, and environmental hormones (endocrine disruptor) of industrial waste comprises mixing with a microorganism at 0 degrees Centigrade or less and 10 degrees Centigrade or less.    USE - For decomposing toxic substances such as vegetable, animal and oil for industry, fats and oil, dioxine, toxic heavy metal compound, environmental hormones and various industrial wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The decomposition is carried out in a low temperature environment. The hydrocarbons can be decomposed easily under adverse conditions of 10 degrees Centigrade or less. The microorganism has increased growth ability and decomposability. There is no need for any temperature regulator. The waste material is treated at low cost. The decomposed product can be reused and the gas generated can be recycled to heating gas.
NOVELTY - Fuel modifier modifying hydrocarbon to hydrogen fuel, is a bottom board (5) installed in bottom part of a reaction chamber filled with granular catalysts (4). The cross section of the bottom board is in curved shape. An elastic deformation is carried out depending on expansion contraction of surrounding wall surrounding the reaction chamber.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel modifier prevents crushing under pressure of catalyst resulting from thermal expansion of reaction chamber and contraction. The fuel modifier effectively modifies hydrocarbon group fuel to hydrogen rich fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of flow of the catalyst accompanied by heat deformation of fuel modifier.    Catalyst (4)    Bottom board (5)    Cylinders (11,12)    Partition plate (51)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises noble metals and an alkali metal provided on a support containing basic metallic oxide.    USE - For water vapor modification reaction of methanol (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Methanol is modified to high efficiency. Concentration of carbon monoxide is significantly reduced.
NOVELTY - Lignin decomposition involves treating lignin with filamentous fungi (excluding Basidiomycetes) which decompose lignin.    USE - In paper manufacture, treating industrial waste, as biomass resource, foodstuffs, insecticide, drug synthesis intermediate, maturing promoter of fruits, antifoamer of oil, whitening agent of zinc coating, herbicide and vulcanization inhibitor.    ADVANTAGE - Lignin can be decomposed effectively by the above method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a lignin processing agent.
NOVELTY - An apparatus has unit for conveying an organic substance container (W), unit for thermolyzing the substance by indirect heating at low temperature in anoxia state formed by N2 substitution. The carbonized material is cooled by cooling unit (D). A nozzle (D1) arranged among unit (D), sprays cold water towards the material. Cold water spraying unit (F) containing cold water tank (F1), is connected to nozzle.    USE - For carbonizing organic substance contained in industrial waste and domestic organic refuse to form carbonaceous material which is used as an industrial raw material.    ADVANTAGE - Carbonaceous material is cooled within a short time as the heat of vaporization of carbon material, is released and surrounding temperature is lowered, hence processing velocity of the apparatus is increased. Water formed by condensing vapor is recycled. The amount of carbonaceous material obtained is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial sectional drawing of carbonaceous material manufacturing apparatus.    Cooling unit (D)    Spraying nozzle (D1)    Cold water spraying unit (F)    Cold water tank (F1)    Container (W)
NOVELTY - The catalyst consists of amorphous alloy of copper and elements selected from IIIA and IVa groups in periodic table. The catalyst consists of amorphous alloy of copper and elements selected from IIIA and IVa groups. The catalyst accelerates the formation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from methanol and water vapor.    USE - For water vapor modification reaction of methanol to hydrogen used in fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The amorphous alloy improves the catalytic ability and eliminates the need of catalyst support. The catalyst is processed into desired shapes such as wave and net. The surface area and the area of contact of the catalyst with the reactant is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the reformer of methanol which reforms methanol and water vapor using the catalyst and oxidizes and removes carbon monoxide from hydrogen and carbon dioxide formed.
NOVELTY - An effervescent composition comprising (a) a proteolytic enzyme, (b) an enzyme for breaking down cellulosic solid wastes, (c) an odor blocker, and (d) an effervescent system is new.    USE - The process is useful for treating waste holding tanks on boats, recreation vehicles, portable toilets, trains, airplanes or household septic tanks.    ADVANTAGE - The composition can fully and rapidly dissolve to form a homogeneous solution that is highly active and stable for a useful length of time    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for treating waste holding tanks comprising forming a tablet from a mixture of proteolytic enzyme, an enzyme for breaking down cellulosic solid waste, an odor blocker and an effervescent system, and dissolving it to form a cleaning solution and contacting the waste with the cleaning solution.
NOVELTY - A quick and efficient method for treating organic waste comprises mixing e.g. garbage, with stable floor waste containing organic materials including saw dust, cereal husk, straw, tea dregs, coffee dregs and millet dregs and spiked with horse dung bacteria to culture the bacteria.    USE - For treating organic waste e.g. garbage, soya-bean dregs, waste oils, wood chip, leaves, underground sediment and animal waste, as well as other domestic and industrial waste and environmental materials.    ADVANTAGE - Such method is quick and efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a facility for treating organic waste comprising a treatment tank for storing the organic waste and stable floor waste mixed with horse dung bacteria, and an agitator to effect mixing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The II-II view planar diagram of the treatment facility.    Treatment facility (1)    treatment tank (2)    agitator (4)    air supply device (5)    protective net (10)    rotating axis (11)    motor (12)    support frame (13)    bracket (15)    chain (16)    control box (19)    motor (24)    air supplier (25)    pipe (27)
NOVELTY - The biaxial extruder comprises parallel screw shafts. An end plate (7) which is rotatably supported in a fulcrum, is provided in an emission vent. A swinging hook (21) which is pivoted to the main structure, clamps the end plate radially. The rotation center of the hook exists between the center and the periphery of the contact surface curvatures.    USE - For compressing waste material such as plastics for solid fuel formation.    ADVANTAGE - The pivot point of hook is set at predefined point, hence possibility of opening of end plate is avoided, thereby exhaust outlet is reliably sealed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the line diagram of biaxial extruder.    End plate (7)    Swinging hook (21)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus comprises an organic refuse treatment tank (1), in which an organic refuse (3) is supplied and decomposed by stirring. Stirring is performed by rotating a stirring blade (2b) provided in the organic refuse treatment tank. Organic refuse is not decomposed aerobically. Instead, the organic refuse is decomposed anaerobically under the ground by a support.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The torque used for stirring is reduced. The decomposed organic refuse can be buried into the ground and can be used as compost reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse treatment tank (1)    Stirring blade (2b)    Organic refuse (3)
NOVELTY - A combustion catalyst layer (10) is provided to a carbon monoxide transformer (32) and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation reactor (34). The combustion catalyst layer is arranged at the air supply path (25). The combustion catalyst layer removes the organic solvent in the reaction air by performing combustion decomposition.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates bad influence of impure gas to the cell property of the fuel battery since impure gas such as organic solvent is removed from the reaction air.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel battery electricity generation system operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel battery electricity generation system.    Combustion catalyst layer (10)    Air supply path (25)    Carbon monoxide transformer (32)    Carbon monoxide selective oxidation reactor (34)
NOVELTY - A tap aspirator (20) which uses water as a drive fluid is arranged at the upstream side of a modifier (44). The tap aspirator is used to attract the original heating gas passing through a supply path (26). The modifier performs electricity generation according to the electrochemical reaction of the reformed gas and reaction air.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Generates electricity according to the electrochemical reaction of the hydrogen rich reformed gas and reaction air.Enables quickly resetting the water vapor rate of gas supplied to a modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel battery electricity generation system.    Tap aspirator (20)    Supply path (26)    Modifier (44)
NOVELTY - Bio-fermentation of refuse in a bio-fermentation unit (B) and subsequently in a carbonized in carbonizer (C) below a treatment tank (1), is new. A management control system (D) controls the treatment tank to select either vacuum drying, carbonization, bio fermentation process depending on the type of process substance. The treatment refuse is optimally cooled in cooling tank.    USE - For processing (degrading) foodstuff refuse.    ADVANTAGE - As both carbonization and biodegeneration are done in common tank, overall size of tank is reduced. Because of the controller, the operation rate of tank is increased and design of tank is made simple. The carbonization process is made possible without cooling treatment tank. Thermal treatment equipment with sufficient reliability is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the carbonization process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Bio fermentation unit (B)    Carbonizer (C)    Management control system (D)
NOVELTY - The processed sludge is supplied to center of a rotary disk (8) in a vacuum housing (1).The sludge forms a thin film due to centrifugal force produced by disk rotation. The sludge is dispersed from edge of disk and made to collide with housing inner surface .Sludge film is washed down along inner surface to expose microorganism in sludge and deactivated by vacuum. The gas component in sludge is removed.    USE - For deactivating microorganism in sludge for sewage work, water treatment facility.    ADVANTAGE - Gas bubbles in the sludge are removed completely by simple method. Increases concentration efficiency of sludge in gravity concentration process so that post processes such as coagulation and dehydration becomes more effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) microorganism deactivation apparatus;    (b) sludge disposal system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline model diagram of microorganism deactivation apparatus.    Vacuum housing (1)    Rotary disk (8)
NOVELTY - Aeration of sludge is previously carried out within an aeration apparatus (6) before conveying to a pipeline (5), so that magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) particle is formed. The phosphate ion and magnesium ion are removed from the MAP particle. The sludge is then conveyed to a sludge acceptance tank (4) in a sludge disposal plant (3) via the pipeline.    USE - For preventing obstruction of pipeline due to magnesium ammonium phosphate particle in sludge conveyed from sewage treatment installation to sludge disposal plant.    ADVANTAGE - Inhibits occurrence of MAP particle in the interior of the pipeline. Avoids flow rate reduction and occlusion due to adherence of MAP particle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of pipeline obstruction prevention process.    Sludge disposal plant (3)    Sludge acceptance tank (4)    Pipeline (5)    Aeration apparatus (6)
NOVELTY - Separation unit (11) is provided, which separates crushed refuse into solid and liquid mass. Primary chamber (29) receives solid particles from the organic waste. Preprocessing tank (7) has secondary chamber (28) which receives the liquid from the treated mass.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The solid mass from organic mass is effectively treated without enlarging the apparatus. Clogging of separation device is prevented due to the chambers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Preprocessing tank (7)    Separation unit (11)    Secondary chamber (28)    Primary chamber (29)
NOVELTY - The fat and oil contained in waste water is separated and subjected to saponification process. The pH value of separated water is adjusted to 11 and used to perform souring process of saponification substance.    USE - For anaerobic processing of fat-oil containing waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Decomposition ratio of fats and oils in waste water is increased. Inhibits formation of scum and increases amount of biogas production. Avoids need for disposal of fat and soil.
NOVELTY - The fat-oil contained in the waste water are separated and are subjected to ozone treatment. The ozone treated fat and oil are then subjected to anaerobic digesting process.    USE - For anaerobic processing of waste water containing fat and oil.    ADVANTAGE - The decomposition ratio of fat and oil in the waste water is increased and formation of scum is inhibited. Raises production of methane from fat and oil. Thus the need for disposing fat and oil is unnecessary.
NOVELTY - A waste water treatment apparatus has a collected water returning unit (45), an induction (30) and a logarithmic growth (38) aerators, raw water tank (24), a precipitation tank (50) and collecting tank (40). The unit returns collected water containing waste material, to water tank. Logarithmic growth aerator throws in tertiary treated water of induction aerator supplied with waste water of raw water tank.    USE - For treating organic waste waters such as livestock dung, urine and sewage.    ADVANTAGE - The waste water is processed efficiently by the microorganism. Even extremely high muddy water can be treated efficiently. The volume of waste sludge is reduced as it is recycled to the raw water tank from the precipitation tank. Thereby, waste processing of sludge can be eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The precipitation tank precipitates the further treated tertiary treated water of the logarithm growth aerator, and the collecting tank collects water in the middle of the logarithmic growth aerator process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline of the waste water treatment apparatus.    Raw water tank (24)    Induction aerator (30)    Logarithmic growth aerator (38)    Collecting tank (40)    Collected water returning unit (45)    Precipitation tank (50)
NOVELTY - The discharger includes the drain pipe (12) which is provided with the pump. The inlet (14) of the drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the opening-closing valve. An air cylinder (28) actuates the valve.    USE - For sludge treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The inlet for drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the valve hence sludge collection in the drain is prevented. As a result, reliability of the drain pipe is ensured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fragmented sectional view of the discharger.    Drain pipe (12)    Inlet (14)    Air cylinder (28)
NOVELTY - The upper and lower vertical guides (22,21) are provided inside a purification tank (10a) around the girth surface of the membrane separation apparatus (20) and constitute a frame formed by frame units (21a,21b,22a,22b). A hollow seat (113a) having same shape, as the bottom of membrane separation apparatus is provided to the installation bottom portion of the tank main portion.    USE - For purification tank.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents fall of membrane separation apparatus as its installation position shifts greatly by guide and hollow seat. Reduces transportation cost, as the membrane separation apparatus is placed inside the tank and transported.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several membrane filters are arranged perpendicularly after a predetermined interval is set. Vertical four corners of the filter units are fixed by a fixing jig and the upper fixing jig is connected with an upper housing. The membrane separation apparatus is pulled up along the vertical guide. A hook (23) which can hang a chain (24) is attached in the upper guide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of membrane separation apparatus in the purification tank.    Purification tank (10a)    Membrane separation apparatus (20)    Vertical guides (21,22)    Frame units (21a,21b,22a,22b)    Hook (23)    Chain (24)    Hollow seat (113a)
NOVELTY - A primary treatment tank (1) supplies treated water. A secondary treatment tank (2) processes the film with a membrane separation apparatus (6). A sludge suction pump (4) is provided which returns surplus sludge from secondary tank to primary treatment tank. A control unit (5) is provided which drives the sludge suction pump when total water quantity in the film processing apparatus reaches a preset value.    USE - Film processing type purification tank.    ADVANTAGE - Draws out appropriately, the surplus sludge generated by increased quantity of water used for film processing. Maintains appropriate activated sludge concentration by avoiding drawing out of excess sludge in high speed mode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A discharge pump (3) discharges the water from the secondary treatment tank (2) to the exterior. The membrane separation apparatus carries out the advection of water from the primary treatment tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the purification tank.    Primary treatment tank (1)    Secondary treatment tank (2)    Discharge pump (3)    Sludge suction pump (4)    Control unit (5)    Membrane separation apparatus (6)
NOVELTY - Energy saving mode performs minimum aeration to maintain sludge activity in a membrane separation unit (6), when water level in primary and secondary treatment tanks (1,2) is less than minimum level in high speed mode. A controller (5) varies usual mode for repeated aeration and non-aeration for preset time based on water level on upper limit in both tanks when minimum water level of tanks is exceeded.    USE - E.g. in water purification tanks.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids problem associated with changing to usual mode from high-speed mode. Ensures sufficient inflow capacity of both primary and secondary treatment tanks when the water level in the tank falls below the minimum water level in the energy saving mode. Reduces the possibility of overflow due to excessive inflow. Prevents overflow in the secondary treatment tank as the energy saving mode performs minimum aeration operation to maintain activity of activated sludge in membrane separation unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The primary water tank supplies treated water. The secondary treatment tank processes the film with the membrane separation unit (6) immersed in the secondary treatment tank which performs advection of primary treatment water from the primary treatment tank. When the treated water exceeds the upper limit water level in the primary treatment tank it over flows continuously into the secondary treatment tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline explanatory drawing of water purification tank.    Primary treatment tank (1)    Secondary treatment tank (2)    Control unit ( 5)    Membrane separation unit (6)
NOVELTY - The purification tank consists of an outer tank in which the manhole is arranged in the upper section. A disinfection tank (5) which is arranged directly below the manhole, is attached to a partition wall. A discharge pipe (6) connects the disinfection tank with the outer tank.    USE - For waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Since disinfection tank is provided directly below the manhole, the maintenance operation becomes simple. The partition wall prevents the damage to the purification tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the principal part of purification tank.    Disinfection tank (5)    Discharge pipe (6)
NOVELTY - Stirring claws (30) mounted on stirring claw spindle (31) performs auto-rotation and controls direction of movement of organic refuse inside treatment tank (20). The spindle installed horizontally in tank has bidirectional rotation to which rotation of claws respond. The tank has a process portion (S) where the organic refuse is charged and disintegrated organic refuse is exited from exhaust port (D).    USE - In homes, foodstuff production units.    ADVANTAGE - Effectively performs stirring process and emission of disintegrated organic refuses due to bidirectional auto-rotation of the stirring claws.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective cross-sectional view of the organic refuse processing device.    Treatment tank (20)    Stirring claws (30)    Stirring claw spindle (31)    Exhaust port (D)    Process portion (S)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of compost involves adding vegetable fiber to sludge containing clay or 20 % or more of silt fractions and fermenting the product by utilizing the nitrogen source in the dehydrated sludge fiber composite.    USE - As fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Sludge obtained in industrial waste water purification, containing clay or silt and free from harmful components can be recycled easily. The composite is obtained without special grinding or granulation.
NOVELTY - Waste plastic (10) and water are mixed in mixed tank (11) to form slurry which is supplied to centrifugation-type specific gravity separation apparatus main unit (5) and chlorine containing plastics is separated from the waste plastic. Quantity of waste plastic supplied to apparatus is adjusted. Flow rate of slurry supplied to apparatus is measured and input of waste plastic to tank is controlled depending on measured value.    USE - For separating chlorine containing plastics such as container packaging plastics.    ADVANTAGE - Internal occlusion of the separation apparatus is prevented. The chlorine containing plastics is efficiently separated and light weight plastics of 1% or less is obtained stably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of centrifugation-type specific gravity separation apparatus.    Slurry feed pump (4)    Specific gravity separation apparatus main unit (5)    Waste plastic (10)    Mixed tank (11)
NOVELTY - A crushing pump (25) is installed midway in a circulation path (24) which extends from lower portion to upper portion of a vertical liquid cyclone (23). The liquid cyclone receives carbonized object from a rotary kiln (3) which converts inflammable raw material (2) into the carbonized object by heating the inflammable raw material in oxygen free atmosphere.    USE - For manufacturing plastic container from solid waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - Separates firmly bonded waste with plastic and foreign material due to provision of the crushing pump in recycling path. Grinding device is made of simple construction due to provision of the crushing pump.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The crushing pump crushes the carbonized object and separates heavy foreign material from the light carbonized object and recycles into the liquid cyclone. A wet grinding device (5) grinds carbonized object recurred from the rotary kiln. A water removal device (6) dehydrates the carbonized object ground by the wet grinding device. A drying device (7) dries the dehydrated carbonized object.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the functional block diagram of the container manufacturing device.    Inflammable raw material (2)    Rotary kiln (3)    Wet grinding device (5)    Water removal device (6)    Drying device (7)    Vertical liquid cyclone (23)    Circulation path (24)    Crushing pump (25)
NOVELTY - Lime (CaO) is mixed with compost in incineration equipment and the fermented compost is subsequently solidified.    USE - For ornamental purposes and paints.    ADVANTAGE - Hardened, fermented compost is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a compound for solidifying the fermented compost.
NOVELTY - Molecular sieve carbon film (10) contains 80% or more of carbon whose pore diameter is 0.3-4 nm or less and majority of the pore volume distribution is in the range of 0.6-2 nm diameter.    USE - For separation of various mixtures such as hydrocarbon racemic mixtures such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or butanol mixture, acetic acid aqueous solution, hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, sulfuric acid aqueous solution, mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen/carbon dioxide, mixed gas of methane and hydrogen, a xylene isomer, a butane or butene isomer, a mixture of propane and propylene, mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and mixed gas of argon and oxygen etc.,    ADVANTAGE - The carbon film has excellent heat-resistance, chemical-resistance and concentrates various mixtures efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of molecular sieve carbon film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the separation apparatus.    Molecular sieve carbon film (10)
NOVELTY - A composting cage, comprising a mesh cage (20) mounted in a frame (10), a conveyor (42) extending at the bottom of the cage and base (12) of the frame, and a mesh liner (30) mounted in the cage which is displaceable upwardly to project beyond the top of the cage, is new.    USE - For receiving and holding waste material in parks or public gardens while it undergoes aerobic degradation to compost.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is transportable, can accommodate the amount of material to be added during the period of 7-21 days, and has suitable depth of regular compost yield at the bottom.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side elevation of the composting cage.    Frame (10)    Base (12)    Hook (18)    Mesh cage (20)    Mesh liner (30)    Conveyor (42)
NOVELTY - A process for decomposing food waste comprises co-culturing obligate and facultative aerobic bacteria on sterile dry carriers, introducing food waste into a device containing the carriers in a predetermined amount per day for 6 months, and mixing the carriers and waste at regular intervals at 25 to 35degreesC.    USE - For decomposing food waste.    ADVANTAGE - Large amounts of food waste can be decomposed continuously and cleanly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for decomposing food waste, comprising a receptacle made of thermally insulating material, a fermentation chamber having a waste chute with a sprung holding arm, a hexagonal axle extending across the fermentation chamber and having six agitator blades arranged at an angle of 60degrees (each blade having two auxiliary blades of triangular cross section) and a deodorizing device fitted inside the receptacle and connected to a gas outlet pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a device for carrying out a process for decomposting food waste, comprising a receptacle made of thermally insulating material, a fermentation chamber having a waste chute with a sprung holding arm, a hexagonal axle extending across the fermentation chamber and having six agitator blades arranged at an angle of 60degrees (each blade having two auxiliary blades of triangular cross section) and a deodorizing device fitted inside the receptacle and connected to a gas outlet pipe.    Waste chute (1)    Lid (3)    Holding arm (4)    Deodorizing device (5)    Gas outlet pipe. (6)
NOVELTY - Preparing organic fertilizer from municipal sludge includes mixing the zeolite as swelling amendment with said sludge, aerobic fermentation, adding inorganic fertilizer to screened sludge heap, proportioning and granulating. It features that said zeolite does not take part in microbe degradation, so it can be reused. its advantages are low cost and reducing the affect of sludge on environment.
NOVELTY - The present invention features the fermentation of organic waste into organic fertilizer, which is then mixed with chemical, microbial and biological fertilizer to obtain high-efficiency composite fertilizer, favorable for protecting the environment.
NOVELTY - Bacterial strains (FERMBP-7046) and (FERMBP-7049) of the genus Acinetobacter, a strain (FERMBP-7047) of the genus Pseudomonas, a strain (FERMBP-7048) of the genus Alcaligenes, strains (FERMBP-7050), (FERMBP-7051) and (FERMBP-7052) of the genus Flavobacteria and/or a strain (FERMBP-7053) of the genus Moraxella, used as heavy oil-degrading bacteria, are new.    USE - The bacterial strains are useful for treating a building and/or civil engineering material containing earth and/or sand to which heavy oil is attached.    ADVANTAGE - The bacterial mixture is inexpensively prepared, and simplifies degradation and removal operations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a bacteria mixture containing 1 or more kind of bacteria having a heavy oil-degrading ability selected from (FERMBP-7046), (FERMBP-7049), (FERMBP-7047) and/or (FERMBP-7048) and a nurturing composition (NC);    (2) a bacteria mixture containing 1 or more bacteria is selected from (FERMBP-7050), (FERMBP-7051), (FERMBP-7052) and/or (FERMBP-7053) and an NC; and    (3) a building and civil engineering material including a substance obtained by treating earth and/or sand with heavy oil attached to it using a formulation comprising the strain(s) and nurturing composition.
NOVELTY - A method for producing hydrogen comprises a gasification process for gasifying a combustible material, and a gas treating process for purifying the obtained gas so as to produce hydrogen.    USE - Generating electric power and energy from combustible material such as city-waste, solidified fuel, slurry fuel, waste paper, waste plastic, waste FRP, biomass waste and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method converts the waste to energy efficiently and contributes to solving environmental problems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for producing hydrogen comprises a gasification process for gasifying a combustible material, and a gas treating process for purifying the obtained gas so as to produce hydrogen. The gas treating process comprises a gas cleaning step in which the gas obtained in the gasification process is brought into contact with water or an alkaline solution so as to remove dust and trace amounts of acidic gas by absorption, and a carbon monoxide adsorption step in which the gas is brought into contact with a CO-adsorption agent so as to separate CO from the gas.
NOVELTY - The amount of low melting point compound formed from cement raw material in cyclone (3d) connected to upper portion of calcination reactor (2) is measured. The amount of inflammable waste material added to the reactor is determined based on the measured value.    USE - For fuel in baking cement clinker.    ADVANTAGE - Sampling of raw material and analysis are performed precisely. The amount of fuel added is calculated depending on the amount of formation of low melting point compound. The operation of kiln is carried out stably. The efficiency of the fuel is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of rotary kiln with suspension preheater.    Calcination reactor (2)    Cyclone (3d)
NOVELTY - Gas temperature in an outlet of cyclone (3d) connected to upper portion of calcination reactor (2) and temperature in rotary kiln (1) connected to reactor lower portion are measured. Depending on the measured temperature, the amount of inflammable waste material to be added is determined.    USE - For fuel in baking cement clinker.    ADVANTAGE - Sampling of raw material and analysis are carried out effectively. The amount of fuel added is calculated depending on the amount of formation of low melting point compound. The operation of kiln is carried out stably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus for combustion of inflammable waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of rotary kiln with suspension preheater.    Rotary kiln (1)    Calcination reactor (2)    Cyclone (3d)
NOVELTY - Actinomyces which decompose wood are isolated from the intestines of wood-eating insects and cultivated in a degreasing wood meal medium.    USE - For production of biomass by decomposing wooden materials, such as construction waste material, saw-dust, thinning wood, pruning remains of trees, etc and for treating industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - Actinomyces or Streptomyces which can efficiently decompose wood can be obtained by this method and environmental pollution can be prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (1) wood decomposition method involving, processing the wood material wood containing material with the culture of Actinomyces; and (2) a wood processing agent.
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) consists of an opening (2) for supplying organic waste (OW), a composting layer comprising sequentially arranged band conveyers (7) and an exhaust outlet (14) for ejecting the OW.    USE - For reducing quantity of organic waste such as organic refuse, live-stock waste and pruning waste.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus prevents putrefaction of organic waste as excess moisture in the organic waste is removed. The apparatus is simple and can be easily installed at work places.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus (1) consists of an opening (2) for supplying organic waste (OW), a composting layer comprising sequentially arranged band conveyers (7) and an exhaust outlet (14) for ejecting the OW. OW is conveyed on the sequentially arranged band conveyers, fermented and reduced. The terminus of the first band conveyer is arranged near the conveyance starting point. The OW is cut when it falls from one band conveyer to another.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic waste quantity reducing apparatus.    Apparatus (1)    Opening (2)    Band conveyer (7)    Dew formation panel (8)    Pipe (9)    Hopper (10)    Loosening device (11)    Blade (12)    Exhaust outlet (14)
NOVELTY - Rice bran, fermentation microbes, branches and leaves are stirred in uniform moisture. Fermentation is performed with degradation of sugar and amino acids. Moist fertilizer is then stirred to form a compost and fermented again at 60-70degreesC to degrade fiber and connective tissue. Moisture content is adjusted to 55% and fermentation is performed once again. The composite is then dried retaining 20-30% moisture.    USE - For use as fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Tree leaves and branches can be composted in a short time. The method of composting using microbes is ecofriendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Rice bran and fermentation microbes are stirred with branches and leaves ground to saw dust size of 5 mm or less maintaining a uniform moisture content. Fermentation is performed with degradation of sugar and amino acid contents. Moist compound fertilizer is then stirred to form a compost and fermented again at 60-70degreesC to degrade the fiber and connective tissue. Moisture content is adjusted to 55% and fermentation is performed once again. The composite is then dried retaining 20-30% moisture. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compost material comprising branches and leaves.
NOVELTY - Activated carbon loaded with a metal consists of activated carbon on the surface of which a simple metallic substance or metal compound is supported.    USE - The activated carbon loaded with a metal can be used as a gas storing material.    ADVANTAGE - The activated carbon loaded with a metal can adsorb a large volume of gas even at low pressures and can store a large volume of gas per unit volume.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas storing material comprising the activated carbon loaded with a metal.
NOVELTY - Battery has electrolyte board (30) between electrodes (10,12) supported inside the cell (20). Wet seal is formed in the cell having recess (18) for air supply during cleaning corrugated end (28) contacts the inside of the electrodes forming wet seal during cleaning baking operation of electrolyte impregnated in holding material.    USE - As fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Shortens time for cleaning the electrolyte by supplying sufficient oxygen, avoiding leakage of fuel salt and gas by perfect sealing effect as corrugated end contacting electrode is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic partial cross-section block diagram of battery assembly.    Electrodes (10,12)    Recess (18)    Cell (26)    Corrugated end (28)    Electrolyte board (30)
NOVELTY - Biologically treating sewage in urban area is composed of anaerobic process and short biologic oxygen contacting oxidization process. The optimal stay time is 4-8 hrs for the anaerobic process and 10-60 min for the short biologic oxygen-contacting oxidization process.
NOVELTY - A biological process for treating life sewage in urban area, especially the middle- and low-concentration organic sewage, mainly uses efficient separator and efficient aerating biological filter pool. Said efficient separator features less possed ground area and simple operation. Said biological filter pool features high microbe quantity up to 15 g/L and full use of the growth characteristics of microbes. Its advantages are high system load up to 8-15 Kg COD/sq.m, less possessed ground area saved by 4/5-5/6, and easy solid-liquid separation and mud treatment.
NOVELTY - A process for generating marsh gas using an aquatic green duckweed plant comprises beating, acidifying, and separating the solids from the liquid, as well as metering the liquid matter, anaerobic digestion and storing the marsh gas.    ADVANTAGE - Simple process, low cost and improvement in regional environment and water quality.
NOVELTY - The preparation of liquid phase collagenase comprises fermentation, centrifugation and filtration. The composition is based on addition of polyethylene glycol to the solution obtained by ultrafiltration after the filtration operation. The resulting aqueous solution is suitable for use as a pharmaceutical.    USE - For use in pharmaceuticals.
NOVELTY - A membrane (2) is coupled to a fuel cell's cathode exhaust gas (20). A connecting element (22) connects a membrane side to an anode or the cathode exhaust gas. In operation water vapor penetrates the membrane by using a concentration gradient on both sides of the membrane, thus humidifying the gas supplied to the fuel cell. A vacuum pump (4) can maintain the concentration gradient. A dosing unit (5) meters out an exact dose of humidification for the cathode gas supply.    USE - In fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - This device is cost-effective and saves space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a simple logical diagram of the present invention.    Membrane (2)    Fuel cell's cathode exhaust gas (20)    Connecting element (22)    Vacuum pump (4)    Dosing unit (5)
NOVELTY - Invention relates to microbial treatment of sewage and trade waste effluents from pharmaceutical-chemical plants for integrated reuse of biogenic components to produce protein-vitamin additive and commercial hydrogen. Apparatus comprises fermenter, prefermenter, centrifugal microfilter, and dynamic disintegrator. When reusing said biogenic components, the latter are finely dispersed using collisions within annular canal between rotor and casing. Pulsation of velocity and static heads leads to the loss of head energy and associated heating of effluents for further temperature stabilization. Finely dispersed effluents undergo further treatment in prefermenter filled with abrasive granular immobilization charge under autoselection and succession conditions with partial mechanical disintegration of aerobe cell shells giving biogenic nutrition components for cyanobacteria in fermenter filled with hollow glass beads. Bubbling is effected by means of enforced feeding of hydrogen from electrolysis plant cathode section. Cyanobacteria in fermenter under photosynthesis conditions accumulate heavy and superheavy water. Hydrogen produced by cyanobacteria and on electrolysis plant escapes from the top section of fermenter and is collected in collector. Biomass is freed from water in centrifugal microfilter and disintegrated by hydrodynamic effect upon cell shells within the sites of water vapor interstice collapse-mode condensation. Simultaneously, heavy and superheavy water molecule associates undergo static disintegration.    USE - Waste disposal.    ADVANTAGE - Increased fermenter operation efficiency. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - During anaerobic processing, alkali treatment of organic sludge and sowing process are carried out subsequently.    USE - For anaerobic processing of organic sludge in the production of biogas.    ADVANTAGE - Good energy recovery during production of biogas such as methane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram for aerobic processing.
NOVELTY - A main duct (13) conveys odorous gas from an inlet pipe (11). Diffusion tubes (14) which branch from a main duct at regular intervals carry out distributed release of the odorous gas to the bottom of a soil layer. A damper (16) which adjust odor capacity, is provided at one or both ends of the diffusion tube, in the vicinity of the main duct.    USE - For deodorizing odorous gas in a soil layer in an installation which manufactures solid fuel and compost from city refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Controls blow-through phenomenon, equalizing supply of odorous gas to the diffusion tube. Prevents release of odorous gas before decomposition to the atmosphere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top view of the soil deodorizing apparatus.    Inlet pipe (11)    Main duct (13)    Diffusion tube (14)    Damper (16)
NOVELTY - The carbonization apparatus comprises a carbonization kiln (2) and a smokeless odorless unit (12). The carbonization kiln has a combustion zone whose front and rear ends have a burner and a combustion gas exhaust outlet, respectively.    USE - For carbonizing raw materials, e.g. bamboo, timber, plywood, bones of animals, e.g. cattle, horses, pigs or birds, and tires.    ADVANTAGE - The carbonization of raw material is carried out effectively using a simple and compact apparatus without the ejection of poisonous waste gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The smokeless odorless unit comprises a combustion decomposition area for combusting and decomposing the exhaust gas ejected from a carbonization kiln through a flue (7). An air inlet (10) is arranged in the front end of the combustion decomposition area, and a chimney (13) for discharging the combustion decomposition gas is arranged in the upper end of the combustion decomposition area.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the carbonizing apparatus.    Carbonization kiln (2)    Flue (7)    Air inlet (10)    Smokeless odorless unit (12)    Chimney (13)
NOVELTY - Biological reactor comprises a reaction vessel (RV) (1) containing the treated water. A stirring blade (2) is installed slightly above the bottom part of the RV, and is rotated by a motor (3). A perforated panel (4) divides the RV and is fixed radially by a fixed wing (5) in the center. A blind patch (6) is installed to the upper side of the fixed wing. A support (7) carrying anaerobic microorganisms is supplied below the perforated panel to the RV.    USE - For treatment of water.    ADVANTAGE - The support carrying anaerobic microorganisms is floated inside the water and does not levitate on the water surface by the perforated panel. The blind patch blocks the rolling up of air. Therefore the support does not touch the air and provides a preferable environment for the anaerobic microorganism. The apparatus is simple with small stirring blades. Increased rotating energy is not required for driving the blades.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic sectional drawing of operation of biological reactor.    Reaction vessel (1)    Stirring blade (2)    Motor (3)    Perforated panel (4)    Fixed wing (5)    Blind patch (6)    Support (7)
NOVELTY - The amount of raw water supplied to a microorganism tank (1) is treated and purified in the tank. The amount of water supplied is adjusted depending on the quality of the purified water.    USE - For foodstuffs-related work places and human waste treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of raw water supplied can be adjusted depending on the state of the microorganism tank. Waste water treatment is performed efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the water treatment installation.    Microorganism tank (1)
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises a water tank (1) to store waste water and activated sludge, a shaft (4) that is fixed with pore plates (3) vertically at a specific interval, a waste water inlet (10), an air inlet (11) and outlet (15) to eject the processed waste water from the tank. The shaft is rotated by a motor (5). The pore plates are surrounded by a cylindrical member (2) which is open at both ends.    USE - For treating waste water.    ADVANTAGE - A reciprocating jet reactor unit is arranged in the water tank making it easy to expand. The reconstruction of the activated sludge tank is easy. Shaft sealing is not required therefore less power is needed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The activated sludge processing apparatus purifies waste water by the bio-reaction of the microorganisms in the sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire block diagram of activated sludge processing apparatus.    Water tank (1)    Cylindrical member (2)    Pore plate (3)    Shaft (4)    Motor (5)    Water inlet (10)    Air inlet (11)    Outlet (15)
NOVELTY - A power unit and control unit are provided to operate water treating unit. Water inlet and outlet are provided in the water treating unit which consists of a series of containers to store waste water.    USE - Truck mounted sewage disposal apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The sewage disposal apparatus is mobile and is carried to any location easily. Construction activity is not needed. Power is tapped from power unit in sewage disposal apparatus and hence work efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of sewage disposal apparatus.
NOVELTY - The decomposition of oil polluted soil using micro organism is removed by adding the mixture of compost such as cattle feces compost, human feces compost, sewage sludge compost and beer dregs compost., and oil pollutes soil containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoroanthene, pyrene chrysene which is identified by the micro organism.    USE - For processing oil polluted soil.    ADVANTAGE - The method doesn't use any chemical agent like physical or chemical treatment and is inexpensive with high safety.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the additive for oil component solution such as cattle feces compost, human feces compost, sewage sludge compost and beer dregs compost.
NOVELTY - A catalyst layer is formed on the surface of an expandable metal layer (2). The catalyst layer is heated by supplying electricity to the metal layer.    USE - For organic refuse treatment machine.    ADVANTAGE - The heat transfer efficiency of (2) is high, as temperature rise of catalyst occurs quickly. Purification property is not reduced, even when there is blockage by foreign material. The electric insulation is secured thereby increasing safety while deodorizing capability is also high.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional diagram of the catalyst unit of organic refuse treatment machine.    Metal layer (2)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide transformer (20) and a carbon monoxide removal device (30) produce hydrogen-rich gas and supply it to the anode of a fuel battery (40). The air supply duct (50) supplies hot air to the battery cathode, which is drawn in by a fan (51) and heated by a burner (52). The hot air is circulated to the battery and heat exchange is performed.    USE - For a solid polymeric type fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE - Supply of hot air raises the temperature of the battery quickly during the starting period and battery life is prolonged.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel battery operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel battery system.    Carbon monoxide transformer (20)    Carbon monoxide removal device (30)    Fuel battery (40)    Air supply duct (50)    Fan (51)    Burner (52)
NOVELTY - Decomposition of wood involves processing wooden material with 2 or more kinds of wood decomposing basidiomycetes.    USE - For decomposing wood which is useful in paper manufacture, industrial waste treatment and soil improvement.    ADVANTAGE - The method has excellent wood decomposing ability. The combustion waste material is reduced and wood is decomposed economically. The decomposed product is beneficially used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the wood processing agent comprising at least one kind of wood decomposing basidiomycetes and at least one kind of wood decomposing filamentous fungi.
NOVELTY - Deodorizing tower (1) has deodorizing layer (4,5) arranged inside deodorizing tower. Ozone gas is mixed with odor gas in the ozone mixing unit (14). Catalytic reaction tower (18) is connected to deodorizing tower by pipe and has catalyst (22) inside. Deodorized gas is made to contact catalyst which decomposes gas and converts into odorless gas.    USE - The deodorizing apparatus is used for sewage works etc.    ADVANTAGE - Due to catalytic reaction of odor gas, mixed with ozone, deodorization of gas is efficiently carried out. Precipitates of sulfides are not absorbed by catalyst and hence catalyst has long service life.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of deodorizing apparatus.    Deodorizing tower (1)    Deodorizing layer (4,5)    Ozone mixing unit (14)    Catalytic reaction tower (18)    Catalyst (22)
NOVELTY - A buffer storage tank with buffer injection hole with a specific cross section and a proof liquid tank with injection hole for proof liquid are installed in western type toilet fixture. The proof liquid injection hole has specific cross sections differing from the cross section of buffer injection hole. The buffer storage tank and the proof liquid tank performs measurement functions of user's excrement.    USE - Health care device for measurement of user's excrement.    ADVANTAGE - Improves health care by analyzing user's excrement in western type toilet due to provision of measuring unit in the toilet fixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of western type toilet installed with measuring equipment.
NOVELTY - Activated carbon loaded with a metal consists of activated carbon on the surface of which a simple metallic substance or metal compound is supported.    USE - The activated carbon loaded with a metal can be used as a gas storing material.    ADVANTAGE - The activated carbon loaded with a metal can adsorb a large volume of gas even at low pressures and can store a large volume of gas per unit volume.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the preparation of activated carbon loaded with a metal, comprising:    (a) dissolving, suspending or emulsifying an organometal compound or organometal complex as a metallic raw material in a solvent,    (b) permeating activated carbon with the solution, suspension or emulsion and    (c) loading the activated carbon with the simple metallic substance or metal compound through oxidation or reduction.
NOVELTY - An impeller (2) pumps out slurry from an outlet. At least one outlet for the slurry conduit (6) is installed with a mixing nozzle (7) and a detachable air line (11). The mixing nozzle discharges a pressurized jet into the surrounding unmixed slurry. The nozzle is formed from a combination of converging and diverging ducts creating a vacuum by the pressurized jet.    USE - In animal slurry tank.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces mixing time of slurry due to provision of the mixing nozzle and external air pump. Generates optimum mixing condition by churning the mixing nozzle selectively. Adds chemicals or enzymes due to creation of vacuum by the pressurized jet and the air line.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The air line is detachedly connected to a chemical or enzyme reservoir and utilizes the vacuum created by the pressurized jet to draw the chemical or enzyme through the air line and mix it with the slurry at a regulated rate. A detachable external air pump supplies air to the mixing outlet and along the conduit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show the perspective front elevational view of the slurry pump and the perspective side elevational view of the mixing nozzle.    Impeller (2)    Conduit (6)    Mixing nozzle (7)    Air line (11)
NOVELTY - An organic waste is disposed by preparing decomposition promoting material with bacteria on sterile carriers; introducing the material into a fermenting tank and periodically feeding food waste; intermittently mixing the contents of the tank; and operating a temperature regulator for controlling fermenting and/or oxidizing action of the bacteria.    USE - The method is used for disposing organic wastes. It is very useful for environmental industry.    ADVANTAGE - The invention disposes food wastes completely and cleanly with producing little offensive odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for disposing of organic waste comprising a fermenting tank (18) disposed within a thermally insulated casing and having an upper opening through which waste material can be dropped; a movable lid for opening and closing the upper opening; a rotatable stirrer for stirring the contents of the tank; and deodorizer (5) for receiving and at least deodorizing gases emitted by decomposing waste in the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section of the disposal apparatus.    Deodorizer (5)    Fermenting tank (18)
NOVELTY - A composting device (1) comprises nesting containers (2), each consists of a base (4) and at least one side. The base has an open structure, which allows drainage and contact between vegetable material in a first container and vegetable material in a second container immediately above the first.    USE - For aerobically and anaerobically composting vegetable material.    ADVANTAGE - The device and the vegetable material are left undisturbed for as long as required. Fully composted material can be removed readily from the containers at the bottom of the device and partially composted material in upper containers left until fully composted. The gardener can readily inspect the material in any container and at any time to see how the composting process is proceeding, or how much composted material is available. It is easy to fork over or mix vegetable material in any container as required, and/or to add accelerator, if required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical cross-section of a composting device.    Composting device (1)    Containers (2)    Lid (3)    Base (4)
NOVELTY - Method for decomposing hair and feathers comprises treating them with a fungus in an oxygen-containing gas stream, is new.    USE - The method can be used to convert waste hair from the leather industry and feathers from the poultry industry into a product useful as a fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Large volumes of hair and feathers can be processed at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) the decomposition product obtained by the method;    (2) a fertilizer containing the decomposition product.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the process of decomposing hair or feathers with a fungus in a multi-stage (or multi-tray) packed column.
NOVELTY - Apparatus for converting organic waste material, especially lavatory waste, into a soil-like product comprising pre- and post-composting chambers and filter chamber, is new.    USE - The apparatus is especially useful for converting lavatory waste into a product useful as a soil improver and fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus for converting organic waste material into a soil-like product comprises:    (a) a precomposting chamber with a perforated base, a waste inlet and an air passage;    (b) a postcomposting chamber that is located beneath the precomposting chamber, is separated from the precomposting chamber by an openable partition, and has a perforated base, a product outlet and an air passage; and    (c) a filter chamber that is located beneath the postcomposting chamber and has a liquid outlet, a filter bed for filtering liquid trickling from the postcomposting chamber and an air space for circulating air between the air passages of the precomposting and postcomposting chambers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the apparatus used in conjuction with two lavatory pans.    Precomposting chamber (1)    Lavatory pan (7)    Lavatory pan (8)    Postcomposting chamber (21)    Filter chamber (30)    Air space. (36)
NOVELTY - The inlet pipe (1) for the fuel, e.g. hydrogen, is in the form of a hollow bolt. Tightening the threaded hose connection stub (2) on the bolt compresses the stack. The same design can be used for the waste gas and cooling medium connection stubs    USE - To compress the stacks to ensure good electrical conduction between the individual components of the stack    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates separate compression systems reducing the weight and cost of the cell    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section through a cell stack to the present invention.    inlet pipe (1)    hose connection stub (2)
NOVELTY - A process for preparing fertilizer from aquatic duckweed plant includes beating the raw material, acidifying, separating solid from liquid, metering the liquid, digestion, mixing the dregs with dung, erosion stirring, screening and granulating. Its advantages are simple process, and no environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - A degradable slow-released special-purpose fertilizer for pot cultivation of rice seedling and seedling-throwing tray comprises turf, fly ash, fermented animal manure and fowl excrements dried material, dextrine, starch, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride, deltamethrin emulsion, acidified water and soil phosphorus activating agent, and granulated into the granular fertilizer whose grain size is 2-3 mm. The fertilizer can uniformly supply nutrients in the whole course of growing rice seedling, can raise quality of rice seedling, reduce labor intensity and has no environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - The organic slow-release special-purpose fertilizer for pot cultivation of rice seedling and seedling-throwing tray comprises natural rubber, turf, fly ash, fermented animal and fowl excrements and soil phosphorus activating agent, is mixed and cut, and made into a granular fertilizer whose grain size is 2-3 mm in diameter and 2-3 cm in length. The nutrients can be uniformly and slowly-released in the whole course of growing rice seedling, its rice seedling quality is good, and it has no pollution, the fertilizer can be recovered and reused, and its cost is low.
NOVELTY - Sludge is treated and utilized by attaching hydrophilic water binding sludge particles to the surface of hydrophobic organic grains, e.g. grains of peat in a first phase, drying the grains with a water-bearing layer of sludge particles on the surface in a second phase to hydrophobize the surface layer, and circulating back the hydrophobic grains to the first phase.    USE - The method is used for treating and utilizing sludge. It is also used in the manufacture of fertilizers, treatment of sludge for burning, and in biological treatment of wastewater for removal of sludge and for providing carbon source and substrate for microorganisms (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method is more versatile, and economical. It has remarkable savings of raw material costs in sludge treatment. The grains manufactured are compact and can withstand well both mechanical handling and handling in a wet process without absorbing water or breaking down. The composting is carried out efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the use of the method in biological treatment of waste water for removal of sludge and for providing carbon source and substrate for microorganisms, in the manufacture of fertilizers, and in treating sludge for burning.
NOVELTY - Biodegradation of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) pollutants involves treating the MTBE pollutants with butane-utilizing bacteria in the presence of butane and oxygen.    USE - To degrade MTBE in air, soil and groundwater wash streams.    ADVANTAGE - Improved method to degrade the MTBE pollutants very effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (a) a method of decontaminating water containing the MTBE pollutant involving treating the contaminated water with the butane-utilizing bacteria(1) in the presence of butane and oxygen; and    (b) a method of treating a site contaminated with the MTBE pollutant involving supplying a butane substrate and an oxygen-containing gas to the contaminated site.
NOVELTY - Organic waste from sewage sludge or foodstuff sludge is dried in a dryer (3), to maintain 20-60% moisture and is granulated in a granulator (6). The granulated waste is carbonized in a rotary kiln (9) at 300-600 degrees C for 4-20 minutes in air interruption atmosphere, and cooled by a cooling system (11).    USE - For manufacture of solid fuels using sewage sludge, paper manufacture sludge or foodstuff sludge, for boilers or cement kilns.    ADVANTAGE - Reclamation from sludge is high and the fuel has prolonged life and it is effectively used as fuel source. The preservation of fuel resources and reduction of carbondioxide output, are enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solid fuel manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of an apparatus for solid fuel production.    Dryer (3)    Granulator (6)    Rotary kiln (9)    Cooling system (11)
NOVELTY - Livestock waste is divided into solid and liquid substances by solid-liquid separation and the solid is dried such that the water content is reduced to 70% or less. Subsequently, the dried substance is composted. Methane fermentation of separated liquid is performed and methane formed is recovered.    USE - For processing feces of cattle, pigs, sheep and horses, allowing the recycled waste to be used as a fertilizer and energy source.    ADVANTAGE - Processed material is used as an energy source or fertilizer. Recovery of resources is attained efficiently and the method gives good heat energy efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Ammonia formed during methane fermentation is removed by struvite or stripping process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of livestock processing method.
NOVELTY - Methane fermentation of garbage and sludge is carried out by fermentation tank and mixed. Subsequently, the mixture is removed and separated for solid-liquid phase.    USE - For processing organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Decomposition of methane is carried out effectively. The effective use of the resources is achieved. The process is simple and economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane fermentation apparatus.
NOVELTY - Treatment facility has concrete container (1) with U-shaped groove embedded in the ground. Shield boards (2,3) supporting rotation shaft (5) fixed with cross arm (10) consisting stirring plate (10a). An inlet (14) which supplies air by fan (15), is provided to cover (4). Air exhaust and inlet are selectively provided in proper place.    USE - For treatment using aerobic bacteria.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates alteration of treatment tank capacity depending upon the quantity of treated refuse without any cost increase as the exhaust and inlet are provided in proper place selectively depending upon treated quantity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic refuse treatment facility.    Concrete container (1)    Shield boards (2,3)    Cover (4)    Rotation shaft (5)    Cross arm (10)    Stirring plate (10a)    Inlet (14)    Fan (15)
NOVELTY - Waste processing system comprises anaerobic treatment tank containing anaerobic microorganism and aerobic treatment tank containing aerobic bacteria. The treated water from the anaerobic tank is passed to aerobic tank in which the water is further treated. The treated water from aerobic tank is passed to deodorizing portion.    USE - For processing organic waste generated from garbage from business areas.    ADVANTAGE - Since anaerobic microorganism and aerobic bacteria are used in for treatment purpose, the processing efficiency waste is improved, and investment is reduced considerably.
NOVELTY - The processing apparatus (10) has a solid-liquid separator (11), which separates organic waste into solid and liquid waste material, and methane fermentation tanks (12,13) which respectively treat liquid and solid waste materials.    USE - For treating organic waste, e.g. sewage sludge, urine and feces of cattle or pigs.    ADVANTAGE - The processing apparatus is compact and the amount of biogas produced from solid waste material is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing apparatus of organic waste.    Processing apparatus (10)    Solid-liquid separator (11)    Methane fermentation tanks (12,13)
NOVELTY - The method involves boiling a mixture which includes used paper (2), liquid spirit waste and sludge. After dehydration, the mixture is ground. The ground paste is dried by heating.    USE - For cattle shed.    ADVANTAGE - Since spreading material is manufactured from the ground mixture, the cost becomes less by recycling paper and atmospheric pollution is reduced by easy incineration. Boiling eliminates various microorganisms in the spreading material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing method of used water absorption material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of boiling process involved in spreading material manufacture.    Used paper (2)
NOVELTY - Multiple air cylinders (9) are arranged inside or outside a hopper (1) at specified intervals, to drive a forcing apparatus (13) rotatably connected with it, for vertical elevation inside the hopper along its interval surface within specified intervals.    USE - For disposal of industrial waste or domestic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is automatically operated, reducing the load on an operator. Disposal is continuously made and the labor works safely.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of disposal apparatus.    Hopper (1)    Air cylinders (9)    Drive forcing apparatus (13)
NOVELTY - The microbial cell composition contains Bacillus subtilis microbe and enzymes which decompose a protein, cellulose, starch or lipid. The microbe has superior characteristics when compared to standard B. subtilis (IFO-3134 strain), is cultured in a shaking culture with no induction period at 37degreesC and proliferation of the microbe is also enhanced.    USE - The microbial cell composition is useful for accelerating fermentation of putrefactive waste material or livestock excrements (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composition accelerates fermentation efficiently and the protease contained in the microbial cells, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur components are used as a chemical fertilizer. Since the microbes do not have hemolysis property, the composition is highly safe. High quality compost which does not contain harmful microbes is obtained.
NOVELTY - Beneficial substances are produced by anaerobically fermenting soy sauce lees.    USE - For producing beneficial substances such as methane and organic acids useful as extenders of agriculture and horticulture articles such as feed and compost or a woodwork product or its raw material. Also useful as feed for livestock and fertilizer for agricultural products.    ADVANTAGE - The waste soy sauce lees are made into a beneficial substance.
NOVELTY - Lytic enzyme is added to faeces, urine or sludge, by maintaining a temperature of 20-80 degrees Centigrade. Methane fermentation is performed after preprocessing.    USE - For processing organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Enables carrying out methane fermentation of sludge effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the steps involved in organic waste water processing method.
NOVELTY - Water-bloom is rapidly removed by fixing microorganisms on a carrier made of biodegradable plastic having predetermined specific gravity. The carrier floats and disperses microorganism on the surface of water, decomposes and settles the water-bloom.    USE - For lakes and marshes.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of water-blooms are dispersed intensively in the surface of the water. The microorganism present in the carrier contains protease and aggregation promoter, hence providing an effective decomposition to the sediments. The operation is mobile, hence decomposing the ecosystem effectively.
NOVELTY - Selenic acid is reduced by a novel microorganism of theAzoarucus.sp MA-23 (FERM BP-6549).    USE - For treating waste water containing selenic acid such as refining, glass, chemical industries waste water, coal or petroleum combustion exhaust gas treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Selenic acid in the waste water is reduced effectively and economically and removed easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the process of waste water containing selenic acid by contacting waste water with Azoarucus.sp MA-23 (FERM BP-6549) under an aerobic condition.
NOVELTY - A microorganism belonging to Penicillium, Aspergillus, Paecilomyces, Streptomyces or Xanthomonas genus suppresses the formation and storage of nitrate nitrogen in soil.    USE - For reducing nitrate nitrogen flowing out from fields, orchards, tea plantations and pasture soils, and rivers, contaminating underground water.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism efficiently prevents the contamination of the environment by nitrates with simple means, by inhibiting the formation or storage of nitrate nitrogen in soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) microorganism raw materials comprising the microorganism and/or its culture as an active ingredient; and (ii) inhibition of formation or storage of nitrate nitrogen by microorganism raw materials involves applying microorganism to soil or under water.
NOVELTY - Apparatus has aerobic treatment tank (1) containing activated bacteria in which garbage is oxidized, solid liquid separation tank (13) provided with a drawn tube (16) and a discharge pipe (28) at one end. The separation tank absorbs suspended solids using surface tension of air bubbles. The solids distributed in the lower portion of the tube are then returned to the aeration tank.    USE - For treating garbage containing waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Garbage ejected from grinding machines is effectively processed without generating surplus sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Diffusion tube (25) is arranged in suction opening (17) provided at lower end of drawn tube. The aeration tank is connected via transfer pipe (9) through an opening (12) provided at its other end to the separation tank. Upper end of the drawn pipe is connected with upper portion of slit (18) provided near the liquid level in separation tank. A cover (20) is mounted in the outer side of the drawn tube from the intermediate part of the separation tank downwards The cover has flow path (21) which communicates with the drawn tube through the slit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional drawing showing the principal part of the garbage containing waste water treatment apparatus.    Aerobic treatment tank (1)    Vent (10,12)    solid liquid separation tank (13)    Drawn tube (16)    Slit (18)    Cover (20)    Flow path (21)    Diffusion tube (25)    Discharge pipe (28)
NOVELTY - A nitrogen nutriment is added to organic refuse in an organic refuse decomposition tank (2). The decomposition tank is installed with agitator consisting of a stirring shaft (4) with rod shaped stirring blade (5) projecting out spirally from periphery of the stirring shaft. An air passage unit supplies air into the decomposition tank which is stirred by the agitator intermittently.    USE - For decomposition of organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Keeps decomposition process stabilized over a period of time due to addition of the nitrogen nutriment with organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the functional block diagram of an organic refuse processing machine used in the method of decomposition.    Organic refuse decomposition tank (2)    Stirring shaft (4)    Rod shaped stirring blade (5)
NOVELTY - The modifier (1) consists of fuel modification catalyst carried to activated charcoal (13), with an electrical resistance of 5000 mega/125 cm3 or less. A pair of electrodes (14) is provided on both sides of catalyst. Heat generation occurs by direct electrification of the activated charcoal.    USE - For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Size reduction of a modifier is achieved. Since highly conductive activated charcoal is used as a carrier for fuel modification catalyst. Temperature rise or heat generation is quickly brought about by supplying electricity. Excellent startability and transient response property are attained. Size of the electric supply devices such as battery and capacitor is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The activated charcoal is heat treated before carrying the catalyst. The surface area of the activated charcoal is 700m2/g or less. Partial growth of graphite crystal in the activated charcoal results in electrical resistance reduction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of the modifier for fuel batteries.    Modifier (1)    Catalyst carrying activated charcoal (13)    Electrode (14)
NOVELTY - A process for solidifying the waste fermented liquid of alcohol includes concentrating with fume until its concentration is 10-40%, and adding silicate (0.5-5 wt.%) for solidification, and the variation of L/H ratio value and weak acidic nature of waste fermented liquid itself are used to increase the molecular weight of silicate for solidification. Its advantages are low cost and use of said waste as the raw material of compound fertilizer.
NOVELTY - An azeotrope-like composition comprises difluoromethane (HFC-32) (1-19 weight%) (wt.%), pentafluoroethane (HFC-125) (25-60 wt.%), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) (24-60 wt.%) and hydrocarbon (0.5-5 wt.%) such as n-butane; isobutane; n-butane and 2-methylbutane; n-butane and n-pentane; isobutane and 2-methylbutane; and isobutane and n-pentane.    USE - For producing refrigeration and heat in vicinity of a body (claimed). Also useful as a cleaning agent, expansion agent for polyolefins and polyurethanes (polymer foam blowing agent), aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffering abrasive agents and displacing drying agents.    ADVANTAGE - The composition is non-inflammable in both liquid and vapor phases, as initially formulated and during leakage. The composition provides a non-ozone depleting effect which is non-fractionating. The composition has a superior refrigeration performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for reducing change in vapor pressure during evaporation of the refrigerant composition.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell (3) during start up operation is warmed by supporting a metal or metal alloy catalyst in the manifold, and providing a dilute mixture of hydrogen and oxidant to the oxidant inlet manifold at start up. The fuel cell with a proton exchange membrane electrolyte and process oxidant channel is fed through an oxidant inlet manifold. The mixture comprises less than 4 volume % hydrogen.    USE - For warming a fuel cell during start up operation.    ADVANTAGE - The method prevents damaged to the fuel cell, prevents the cathode form flooding, and permits the oxidant to reach the cathode. The fuel cell is small, lightweight, and simple.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell which comprises:    (a) a proton exchange membrane electrolyte;    (b) a process oxidant channel with an inlet manifold (6) for delivery of process oxygen to the cathode side of the fuel cell;    (c) a supported metal or metal alloy catalyst (15) disposed in the oxidant inlet manifold (13);    (d) sources of hydrogen (23) and oxygen;    (e) an air inlet duct (12) to flow a stream of oxidant to the process oxidant channel; and    (f) a pressure regulator (24) to introduce hydrogen to the oxidant stream and to provide a dilute hydrogen/oxidant mixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially broken away perspective view of the fuel cell stack.    fuel cell (3)    inlet manifold (6)    air inlet duct (12)    oxidant inlet manifold (13)    supported metal or metal alloy catalyst (15)    source of hydrogen (23)    pressure regulator (24)
NOVELTY - Method involves simultaneous liquid separation and drying of initial raw material in vacuum with boiling and evaporating temperature of liquid not less 100% and up to 1% of humidity. The prepared product contains, mas.%: ammonia nitrogen, 1.35; total nitrogen, 1.0; phosphorus (P2O5), 5-6; potassium (per K2O5), 1.5-2.5. Ratio of carbon to nitrogen is 10.2%, and pH is equal 6-7.    USE - Agriculture; may be used for preparation of fertilizers from waste of poultry breeding.    ADVANTAGE - Simplification of technological process and its increased productivity and efficiency, improved process ecology and quality of product.
NOVELTY - A third stage combustion chamber comprises a combustion tube (52) installed in the upper part, a heater (53) installed in the inner side and a conical catalyst (55) piled up in layers in the upper part surrounding the tube.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Odor and soot generated during fumigation is removed effectively. The processed refuse can be recycled as fuel or charcoal or as soil improvement material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the right sectional view of refuse processor.    Combustion tube (52)    Heater (53)    Conical catalyst (55)
NOVELTY - An organic waste (A) fed into the kiln from a waste feeder (11) at one end is moved through the thermolysis zone of the tumbling drum of the kiln and thermolysis residue (C) is ejected from the outlet at other end. A steam supply line or the combustible thermolysis gas (C) return line is connected to the thermolysis zone to always maintain a positive pressure.    USE - For waste decomposition by thermolysis.    ADVANTAGE - Makes effective use of inherent heat of combustion of the organic waste, as it is returned as pressure maintaining gas in the combustible zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view drawing showing principal parts of rotary kiln.    Waste feeder (11)    Organic waste (A)    Thermolysis residue (C)
NOVELTY - A waste tire is charged into a steaming pot (1) which is heated by a burner (2). Gas generated by incineration of the tire is sucked out by suction fan (4) through a jet pipe (3). Oxygen is mixed with sucked gas which is used by burner along with air for combustion. The waste tire is carbonized.    USE - For incinerating waste tire.    ADVANTAGE - Keeps pollution level low, since the waste gas is recycled for combustion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of smokeless incinerator for waste tire.    Steaming pot (1)    Burner (2)    Jet pipe (3)    Suction fan (4)
NOVELTY - Treating waste water comprises adhering a microorganism on a filler layer (6) containing a phosphorus material (bone char) and controlling the pH of water by adding calcium through a supply unit (12) prior to treating with the microorganism, where phosphate ions of a required exact concentration are eluted from the filler for absorption by the microorganism.    USE - The method is used for the biological treatment of sewage.    ADVANTAGE - Phosphate ions of the exact concentration for uptake by the microorganism, are eluted. No precipitate of calcium phosphate by excess elution, or reduction in activity of microorganism by deficient elution, is caused. The activity of the microorganism is increased by reliable elution of phosphorus. Purification of water is improved and made efficient, by only adjusting the pH.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for sewage disposal and treatment (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of installation for sewage treatment.    Sewage treatment unit (1)    Microorganism treatment unit (3)    Bone char filler layer (6)    Microorganism layer (7)    pH sensors (11,13)    Calcium ion supply unit (12)
NOVELTY - Sludge separation apparatus comprising a plate (8) with multiple holes (9) in contact with waste water filling an aerator and a diffuser (2) at the bottom of the aerator which generates air (15) that raises the solid in the waste water and passes it through the holes in the plate repeatedly, separating it to form a sludge layer, is new.    USE - The apparatus is used for sludge separation in a waste water treatment plant that treats waste water ejected from various works, home, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus avoids the need for performing special operations or adding special chemicals for separating sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the aerator.    Diffuser (2)    Sludge separation plate (8)    Holes (9)    Air style (15)    Sludge layer (20)
NOVELTY - Apparatus for processing human waste comprising a fermenter (2) which mixes methane with faeces, urine and organic refuse ejected from a water closet, is new.    USE - The apparatus is for utilizing human waste as a source of energy.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus prevents environmental public hazard by recycling waste water. It increases fermentation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of the human waste processing apparatus.    Fermenter (2)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus comprising a stirrer (7) that stirs the contents of a fermenter (4) and stirring rods (6) fixed symmetrically to the right and left of the rotation axis of the stirrer, such that they are inclined at an angle of 180 degrees, is new.    USE - The apparatus is used for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus enables the stirring effect to be varied by altering the length and number of stirring rods.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Fermenter (4)    Stirring rod (6)    Stirrer (7)
NOVELTY - A deodorizing device passes ozone gas, and raw gas containing an offensive odor component, through a cylinder and a whorl style generator generates a whorl in the ozone gas to accelerate the decomposition of the offensive odor component in the raw gas.    USE - The deodorizing device is used in refuse disposal apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The device decreases the quantity of an ozonolysis agent which remains in the ejected gas. The offensive odor component is effectively decomposed by ozone gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for disposal apparatus containing the deodorizing device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of refuse disposal apparatus.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus (1) for decomposing organic refuse using a microorganism, comprising a fermenter with an insertion opening, stirrer, heater for heating incoming air and fan to exhaust air from the fermenter, is new.    USE - The apparatus is used for decomposing organic refuse (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The heater is economical, since it uses an economical sheet heater material. The release of heat to the exterior of the heater is prevented and the heater is utilized efficiently for heating. The organic refuse apparatus is corrosion resistant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Decomposition of organic refuse by an microorganism is performed in an organic refuse processing apparatus comprising a fermenter with an insertion opening in the upper portion, a stirrer to stir the contents of the fermenter, a heater for heating incoming air from an outer air inlet (15) and a fan (17) to exhaust the air from the fermenter. The heater (25) is equipped with a heat sheet and heat conduction material. The heat sheet which heats a processed heat conduction material is distributed between the fermenter and the heat conduction material (24).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse processing apparatus (1)    Outer air inlet (15)    Fan (17)    Heat conduction material (24)    Heater (25)
NOVELTY - A reactor main portions has waste products supply opening in top and outlet opening in bottom. Several vertical fire tubes are branched from horizontal fire tubes protruding from side wall of reactor. Any one or both of protrusions are connected to combustion gas supply apparatus through path.    USE - For decomposition of waste rubber goods such as waste tire.    ADVANTAGE - Since supply and outlet openings are formed in top and bottom of reactor, a separate conveyor is eliminated and the material is conveyed by gravity. Several fire tubes provided to reactor and connected with combustion gas generator, heat reactor uniformly and decompose the waste uniformly. Since the cracked material has high rate of carbon, raw material of activated carbon of good quality is obtained. Toxic substances such as dioxin in exhausted waste gas are reduced. Increase in number of fire tube reduces processing time. Provision of quartz in furnace accelerates heat decomposition and combustion and prevents black smoke, bad smell, sulfur compound, dioxin etc. The warm water containing device prevents temperature reduction of gas. The total fuel cost and disposal cost are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The furnace or combustion gas generator has quartz inside. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste rubber recycling unit which has a cooling system for gas formed in furnace. The furnace gas is separated from air in a separation device. A warm water containing device in the path of combustion gas is supplied with warm water through supply path at its periphery. A selector separates carbide from cracked residue and an activation reactor with quartz produces activated carbon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows principal part cross sectional view of fire tube type thermal decomposition furnace.
NOVELTY - Processing of a golf course waste material as a raw material for manufacturing hydrogen.    USE - The hydrogen and/or methane manufactured are useful as electric power for the golf course plant, and electrical power generating devices like fuel battery, gas heat pump and gas engine. Liquid and/or solid components remaining after the manufacture are used as grass in golf course and/or fertilizer for ornamental plant (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Organic refuse can be used as the raw material in the manufacture of hydrogen and/or methane. The waste treatment provide high usage value and energy production.
NOVELTY - Methane and/or hydrogen is manufactured by adding water in a container containing plants, sealing the container and maintaining under dark conditions, and adjusting the pH of the solution to neutral or alkaline.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen and methane. The plants obtained after manufacture are decomposed and may be used as used as compost.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides environment friendly hydrogen and methane without polluting and at low cost. The method does not need any medium to cultivate microorganism. The energy substance is obtained with very high yield in three steps.
NOVELTY - The modifier (1) has evaporation portion (2), modification portion (3) and carbon monoxide reduction portion (4) and generates hydrogen content heating gas from water content hydrocarbon group raw material. A coolant removal valve (10) is equipped in coolant flow path (23) passing through carbon monoxide reduction portion.    USE - For fuel battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Starting time of modifier and fuel battery system is shortened by the provision of coolant removal valve in the coolant flow path passing through carbon monoxide reduction portion of modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The coolant removal valve is provided in vertical portion of flow path, below the modifier. A coolant line purge valve (11) is provided in vertical portion of flow path, above the modifier. Thermometers (41,42) are provided in carbon monoxide reduction portion and coolant flow path individually. A selector valve is provided to regulate the coolant flow. A fuel battery stack (12) generates electricity using heating gas obtained from the modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery system.    Modifier (1)    Evaporation portion (2)    Modification portion (3)    Carbon monoxide reduction path (4)    Coolant removal valve (10)    Coolant line purge valve (11)    Fuel battery stack (12)    Thermometers (41,42)
NOVELTY - Chemical agent contains aqueous solution of plant essential oil. The essential oil is obtained by steam distillation of plant components and separating the water soluble fraction.    USE - For removing toxic substance and internal equipment material present in exhaust gas.    ADVANTAGE - The chemical agent removes the toxic substance such as NOx, SOx, ammonia, thylene, methane, dioxine and skatole effectively.
NOVELTY - The treatment comprises: (a) mixing a halogen-based compound-containing resin composition with a treatment agent for hydrogenating halogen; (b) applying heat treatment at 280 degrees C or higher to the resulting mixture; (c) removing the halogen from the resin composition.    USE - The method treats the resin composition and finds its application in vaporizing and recovering the halogen from the resin composition to obtain solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The method continuously effectively simply removes metals, including the halogen, antimony from the resin composition. A mixture of a halogen-based flame retarder-containing styrene-based resin and halogen-based flame retarder-free styrene-based resin is used as a recycled product as the halogen-free solid fuel or recovered oil.
NOVELTY - Waste plastic (17) containing chlorine compound is decomposed in a thermolysis tower (4) to form cracked gas (10) and cracked distillate (9) which are collected at tower top, and oil at tower bottom. Thermolysis is performed at 350-450degreesC until 20-60 weight percent (wt.%) of raw material is gasified and 40-80% is recovered as oil. The oil is cooled, solidified and pelletized.    USE - For recovering plastic with low chlorine content from waste plastic, and recycled as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Waste plastic containing chlorine compound is effectively recycled. The thermolysis performed at low temperature and the apparatus is compact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of recovery of waste plastics.    Thermolysis tower (4)    Cracked distillate (9)    Cracked gas (10)    Fuel (15)    Waste plastics (17)    Recovered pellet (21)
NOVELTY - A decomposition material (1) for performing fermentation decomposition of organic resin substance, is a hollow molded cylinder of polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, fluorine or vinylchloride resin.    USE - For decomposing domestic and industrial organic resin waste.    ADVANTAGE - Domestic or industrial organic resin waste is effectively fermented. (R) is rotated by applying less force. The fermentation process is performed economically and efficiently. Generation of odor or residue during fermentation process is completely eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for decomposition apparatus which is configured with an inlet (provided with a lid) for introducing the decomposition material into porous cylindrical rotation treatment tank (R), receptacle vehicle provided in the inside of main body of process machine for rotating (R), belt provided in the periphery of (R) and driver gear wheel configured inside rotation driving unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of porous cylindrical decomposition material.    Decomposition material (1)    Hollow portion (2)    Cylindrical shape (3)
NOVELTY - Synthetic resin material is separated from slurry and formed into chips which are heated in oil, formed into a block and made into fine powder. Sludge from the slurry is subjected to primary and secondary compression and made into highly dehydrated state. Addition mixture of the powdered resin material is added to the sludge and made into a cake to effectively recycle the synthetic resin waste material.    USE - For recycling waste synthetic resin to filtration material, soil improvement material, surfactant and solid fuel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient and fast processing of waste synthetic material from slurry such as sewage sludge. Processing of waste vinyl plastics can be efficiently performed.
NOVELTY - The inhibition of the formation of a sulfide is done by adding an anthraquinone compound to water having a sulfate-reducing microorganism.    USE - The method inhibits the formation of the sulfide caused by the sulfate-reducing microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - The anthraquinone compound kept into contact with the sludge, or the sewage receives a biochemical action inherent in fungus bodies in the sludge, or the sewage to evolve a chemical change. The reduced anthraquinone compound is promptly adsorbed in the fungus body of the sulfate-reducing microorganism to inhibit the activity of the sulfate-reducing microorganism, resulting in promptly inhibiting the formation of the sulfide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The inhibition of the formation of the sulfide comprises:    (1) previously keeping the anthraquinone compound into contact with sludge, or sewage; and    (2) adding the anthraquinone compound to the water having the sulfide due to actions inherent in the sulfate-reducing microorganism.
NOVELTY - A number of static gas mixing elements (11) are fitted between inlet (7) and outlet (8) of a flue (4) connected to a fermenter (1). A heater (13) is provided close to the inlet to heat the exhaust gas. Based on outlet side temperature detection result, the heater is operated at 650 degreesC or more.    USE - For fermenting organic refuse e.g. vegetable, marine products and meat.    ADVANTAGE - Homogeneous heating is ensured by static mixing elements. Rate of deodorization by combustion decomposition can be enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of deodorizing apparatus.    Fermenter (1)    Flue (4)    Inlet (7)    Outlet (8)    Static gas mixing element (11)    Heater (13)
NOVELTY - Device for composting plants comprises many rotting chambers that are open at the top, or have an opening at least partly directed towards the top, to allow filling, and includes a covering system for the chambers.    USE - Composting waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - The plant minimizes release of off gases from the composting process, is simple and reduces operating costs. Particularly the covers trap off gases in individual rotting chambers, preventing releases of odor into the environment and greatly reducing the volume of gas that has to be treated. Preventing release of these corrosive gases also allows the use of less expensive materials in the construction for the plant and its associated machinery and improves working conditions within the plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Diagram of the system with a liftable cover over a series of rotting chambers.    Composting chamber (1)    Cover in its closed position (3)    System for lifting the cover (4)    Channel for removing off gases (8)
NOVELTY - Disposal of rottable waste (A) comprising, filling (A) into a container and mixing it with liquid (preferably water) to form a slurry. The fatty and oil components (B) are separated from the slurry for separate disposal, and the (B)-free slurry is passed (in)directly to the waste water and/or to biological refuse disposal for composting.    USE - The method is used to treat wastes from houses, or from service or industrial operations.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple and significantly reduces environmental pollution caused by fats (which present problems in water purification/clarification plants).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for performing the method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Diagram of the apparatus.    Tank (1)    Water inlet (2)    Comminution device (rotating blades) (3)    Screen (5)    Outlet (6)    Fat separator (7)    Filter (9)
NOVELTY - Machine for turning trapezoidal compost heaps comprising a truck-mounted cutting tool for removing compost from one heap and at least one conveyor belt for transferring the compost to a new heap, where the cutting tool is a scraper conveyor comprising scraper bars mounted laterally between two chains, each traveling around a drive sprocket wheel and a guide sprocket wheel, is new.    USE - The machine is useful for turning trapezoidal compost heaps.    ADVANTAGE - The cutting tool cuts at an angle to prevent material slipping down the sides of the heap.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cutting tool.    Chain (12)    Chain (14)    Drive sprocket wheel (16)    Drive sprocket wheel (18)    Guide sprocket wheel (20)    Guide sprocket wheel (22)    Scraper bar. (24)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has the membranes of the membrane electrode assembly damped via gas channels incorporated in the bipolar plates, which are clad with a fluid transporting capillary layer (8), extending between a region in which the thermodynamic state of the gas is below the water saturation dew point and a region in which the thermodynamic state of the gas is above the dew point, for water condensation.    USE - The fuel cell is used for provision of electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The damping of the membranes is easily effected via the condensed product water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of the membrane damping in a PEM fuel cell.    Capillary layer (8)
NOVELTY - Inner and outer cylinders (3,2) having guide blade (9) are arranged concentrically with a rotating drum (1) whose surface is covered by a heating chamber (4). A spiral board (8) is provided to the outer circumferential surface of cylinder (3). Waste material is supplied in the circular space between the cylinders via an insertion opening (10) in cylinder (2). An exhaust outlet (11) ejects waste material.    USE - Used for continuous drying of organic waste material such as bean curd lees and left over food.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size and improves thermal efficiency by continuously drying organic waste with indirect heat, as waste material is supplied in circular space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of continuous carbonization apparatus.    Rotating drum (1)    Outer and inner cylinders (2,3)    Heating chamber (4)    Spiral board (8)    Guide blade (9)    Insertion opening (10)
NOVELTY - A contact material (1) has a branching part (3) which protrudes from both the edges of core part (2). The core part (2) made of textile fabric (4) comprising weft (7) and warp (6) yarns. The weft yarn comprises yarns (7a,7b) which protrudes from the side edge of the fabric to form loop-like branching part (3) mutually bonded in an inversion position.    USE - For biological waste water treatment and as an artificial seaweed for egg production of fish and shell fish.    ADVANTAGE - The contact material excels in dimensional stability. Weather resistance of the core part is improved. Water purification effect is highly improved. The sticking property of microorganism with the branching part is favorable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows enlarged diagram of front elevation of contact material.    Contact material (1)    Core part (2)    Branching part (3)    Textile fabric (4)    Warp yarn (6)    Weft yarn (7)
NOVELTY - A vertical guide plate is provided to back side of a scooping device provided in fermentation unit of sludge, etc. The scooping device digs up raw material from bottom layer and cuts the scooped raw material while fermentation is in progress in the fermentation unit.    USE - In fermentation unit of sludge, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents collapse of sludge on the scooping device due to provision of the guide plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the scooping device used in a fermentation unit.
NOVELTY - Sludge is disposed using Oligochaeta by making sludge suspension with water stored in a disposal tank and supplying porous carrier containing Oligochaeta which is a micro Metazoa. Air is supplied and athrocytosis decomposition of sludge is carried out by the Oligochaeta.    USE - For processing waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The athrocytosis decomposition of sludge in water is effectively done by Oligochaeta. The process is done by simple installation which requires reduced space and cost without any incineration process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the processing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Surplus sludge obtained in microbiological sewage disposal is passed to an aerator (4). The sludge is then subjected to high differential voltage from transformer (3) for short period to destroy cytoplasmic membrane of microorganism.    USE - For water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The surplus sludge is reduced effectively and disposal of the treated waste sludge is made easier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for system for processing surplus sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the assembly for reducing surplus sludge.    High differential voltage transformer (3)    Aerator (4)
NOVELTY - A degradation of detergent component involves a liquid containing linear alkyl benzene sulfonate as a detergent component and Burkholderia cepacia as the degradation microbe which are used independently. The detergent component is degraded under aerobic condition.    USE - For degrading detergent component of waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The detergent component can be decomposed efficiently. The method is effective and stable in the waste water treatment. The microorganism as a specific degradation microbe fix on charcoal performing more efficient process. The process is effective in purified treatments such as various public sewage. The process contribute also to water pollution controls.
NOVELTY - A filter medium comprises a hole containing cylindrical part (1) divided into two partitions (2) in the center (in longitudinal direction). A recess which can be opened mutually in its opposite direction is provided at least in its inner surface with countless fine holes (4).    USE - For biological treatment of waste water containing organic substances such as water of ornamental fish, water tank and sewage influent.    ADVANTAGE - Microorganism are made to grow in the concave part thereby providing an an(aerobic) process to the organic substances obtained by filtration. The flowing water supplies oxygen to microorganism, thereby the processing capacity is maintained. An equilibrium is maintained between waste material and biomass, hence a high biological treatment capacity is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross section of a filter medium.    Cylindrical part (1)    Partitions (2)    Concave part (3)    Fine hole (4)
NOVELTY - Isolating a dyestuff from an aqueous liquid comprising contacting microorganisms of Aspergillus genus, which has a dyestuff adsorption capability with the aqueous liquid followed by isolating the microorganism, is new.    USE - For isolating a dyestuff from an aqueous liquid containing the dyestuff.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively isolates a dyestuff from an aqueous liquid containing the dyestuff, using a microorganism which has dyestuff adsorption capability.
NOVELTY - The gas analyzer analyzes the concentration of objective gas in sample gas (S). The arithmetic processing unit (3) performs fixed point correction on the output of the gas analyzer, using the relationship between concentration of base gas and span sensitivity of objective gas of sample gas.    USE - For analyzing gas supplied to fuel battery in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Using the relationship between concentration of base gas and span sensitivity of objective gas, objective gas can be analyzed, simply and accurately.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas analysis apparatus.    Arithmetic processing unit (3)    Sample gas (S)
NOVELTY - The apparatus mounted on a working plane (GL), has inlet (21) for compost organic waste material (Q) at front end of main body (11). A conveyor (31) for stirring, conveys Q slants upwards to outlet (41) positioned at rear end of main body. The outlet has terminal part (31R) converged at the center such that Q is made to deposit in heaps on working plane.    USE - For composting organic waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is compact. The composting of raw material can be performed easily and reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows organic waste composting apparatus.    Main body (11)    Inlet (21)    Conveyor (31)    Terminal part (31R)    Outlet (41)    Working plane (GL)
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) consists of a primary aerobic fermentation tank (4) for processing organic refuse and is attached with a secondary anaerobic fermentation tank (5). Tank (5) has a water supply pipe provided with a moisture meter, which supplies water to tank (5) based on the temperature of the compost in the secondary fermentation process detected by a thermometer (34) provided in the tank.    USE - For processing organic waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - Secondary anaerobic fermentation is preformed efficiently in the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse processing apparatus (1)    Primary fermentation tank (4)    Secondary fermentation tank (5)    Electro-magnetic selector valve (21)    Direct exhaust tube (20)    Steam introducing pipe (22)    Thermometer (34)    Controller (35)
NOVELTY - Rice bran dregs, vegetable oil lees, soybean, rape seed or waste wheat is decomposed by anaerobic microorganism and waste vegetable oil is added to reduce bad odor generation while manufacturing fertilizer.    USE - As a fertilizer for cultivating paddy field crops and rush.    ADVANTAGE - Odorous smell generated by soil microorganisms by fermenting organic substances is reduced and growth of paddy field weeds is prevented. Rapid dissociation of organic substances is inhibited and the effect of the fertilizer is prolonged.
NOVELTY - Carbon dioxide (1), hydrogen (3) or methane are mixed and passed through a pump. The heat exchanger (10) stores the heat of the exhaust gas from the reactor. The mixed gas is reacted by providing an internal catalyst (12). A condenser (13) cools the exhaust gas after the reaction is completed in a reactor.    USE - For fixation of carbon dioxide to reduce carbon dioxide concentration in atmosphere.    ADVANTAGE - The unreacted gas ejected from the reactor is circulated and is not ejected externally. The reaction heat of carbon dioxide and hydrogen is effectively used by heat exchanger. The cooling efficiency is enhanced as the condenser has inverted U tube. The process is environment-friendly as the amount of carbon dioxide ejected to the atmosphere is decreased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows carbon dioxide fixation apparatus.    Carbon dioxide (1)    Hydrogen (3)    Heat exchanger (10)    Internal catalyst (12)    Condenser (13)
NOVELTY - Recycled organic refuse fertilizer comprises a heat dried organic refuse to which ammonium sulfate, urea or organic sludge is added and mixed. The product has a carbon/nitrogen weight ratio of 11/1 or 3/1.    USE - For use in agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - The recycled organic refuse fertilizer enables reuse of organic fertilizers which were disposed by incineration or used for preparing compost by fermentation. The method saves time, costs, energy and vast spaces of land which are required for conventional waste disposal. The fertilizer can be immediately used for a short time period without requiring fermentation.
NOVELTY - A gas adsorbing material uses an organic metal complex as its major constituent.    USE - The method produces the gas adsorbing material for use in adsorbing methane gas.    ADVANTAGE - The gas adsorbing material is used as a substitute for a fuel tank used in a natural gas automobile. The result forms the shape of the fuel tank as a flat plate, enhancing the versatility of possible design in the fuel tank. The method reduces time required for depositing the organic metal complex. The gas adsorbing material has stable gas adsorption and superior reproducibility in synthesis.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gas adsorbing material uses an organic metal complex as its major constituent. The organic metal complex is formed of a transition metal ion and a cyclic hydrocarbon having a functional group capable of applying a coordinate bond to the transition metal ion at its 1,3- or 1,2-position.
NOVELTY - An agent to assist self-sustained combustion of garbage comprises at least 20 wt.% cerium (Ce) compound and 20-50 wt.% aluminosilicate salt, e.g. mica mineral. The Ce compound is an oxide or hydroxide of Ce or Ce salts of aliphatic monocarboxylic acid or alicyclic hydrocarbons.    USE - For burning garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The combustion of garbage is effectively stimulated by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide formed in the generation of dioxins. The deposition of dust in the furnace is reduced exhibiting effective volume reduction of incinerated ashes. The agent gives a high industrial value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) the burning of garbage comprising burning the garbage in a furnace after sprinkling the agent directly on it or to it; and    (b) a plastic material which is a garbage bag is mixed with the agent.
NOVELTY - Soil improvement material capable of adsorbing NOx or SOx comprises carbide obtained by baking wooden-type material at 300-800 degrees C.    USE - As soil improvement material to provide fertilizer components to soil by adsorbing waste atmospheric pollutants such as NOx or SOx gases.    ADVANTAGE - Water retention and air permeability of the soil are improved. Harmful components in air are adsorbed and provided as effective fertilizer components to the soil. Adsorption of NOx or SOx is higher than the activated carbon.
NOVELTY - A biological, organic and minerals compounded fertilizer is prepared through proportional mixing of azotobacterium liquid, phosphorus dissolving bacteria liquid, potassium decomposing bacteria liquid and growth promoting, disease inhibiting bacteria liquid, peat, bean cake powder, corn powder, bone powder, zeolite powder, potassium ore powder and phosphorus ore powder, fermenting at 25-30 degrees C, 30% water content and 85-90% humidity for 72-120 hours, low-pressure extruding for granulating and low temperature airflow baking. Its advantages are complete in nutrients, fast acting and high durability.
NOVELTY - Disposal of a chlorine-containing organic compound comprises decomposing in a material for treatment and removing it from the material. A biological treatment step is provided by contacting the material with a first microorganism to oxidize nitrogen at reduced state to effect decomposition of the compound.    USE - The method and apparatus are for disposal of chlorine-containing organic compounds e.g. dioxins from flash ash, contaminated soil and refuse leachate.    ADVANTAGE - Such method and apparatus are convenient to use and can provide complete disposal of chlorine-containing organic compounds, at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for disposing the chlorine-containing organic compound by decomposition then removal in a biological treatment step in which a first microorganism is employed to oxidize nitrogen at reduced state while contacting with the compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - An apparatus for disposal of chlorine-containing organic compounds.    Pretreatment tank (20)    reaction treatment tank (22)    solid-liquid separation tank (23)    ammonia storage tank (24)    storage tank for nitrification bacteria (25)    off gas (26)    alkali storage tank (27)    water supply line (50)    stirrer (60)
NOVELTY - The system comprises a fuel cell stack (12) and an electrolyte (42) coupled to the anode (28) and cathode (36). A fuel delivery manifold (56) is in direct communication with a fuel gas source and anode passage inlets. A combustion chamber (58) is internal to the fuel cell stack and is in fluid communication with the anode and cathode passage inlets. A first oxidant source is in fluid communication with the combustion chamber and a carrier gas source is in fluid communication with the cathode passages.    USE - As fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for start up burner to heat up fuel cell stack to operating temperature and is capable of combining oxidant gas with fuel exhaust gas internal to fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system in partial cross-section.    fuel cell stack (12)    anode (28)    cathode (36)    electrolyte (42)    fuel delivery manifold (56)    combustion chamber (58)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack comprises a number of unit fuel cells in stacked arrangement. At least one oxidant gas supply passage and one coolant fluid passage extends through the unit fuel cells along one side of the fuel cell stack. The coolant passages (9) are in thermal contact with the conduction layers to draw heat through the conduction layers toward the coolant passages.    USE - As fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - Insures excessive product water does not collect on cathode, and is simple in construction, easy to use, easy to maintain, and yet reliable to operate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a unit fuel cell and a method of distributing reactant gas through a unit cell in a fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a bottom view of the fuel cell stack.    cooling passages (9)
NOVELTY - Method consists in burning aromatic hydrocarbons together with natural gas in furnace of steam generating boiler at temperature of 1000 to 1200 degreesC in presence of linear or cyclic unsaturated oligomers of butadiene at oligomerization number ranging from 2 to 4 at mass relationship in mixed flow of used air of above-mentioned oligomers and aromatic hydrocarbons of 1:50-100.    USE - Environment control; manufacture of synthetic rubber; petrochemical and oil-producing industries.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction of stay period of used air in combustion zone by 15 to 30 times; increased degree of air cleaning to 98-99%; reduction of residual hydrocarbon content in cleaned air by 2 to 2.5 times.
NOVELTY - Palladium (0.010.5%)- on-alpha-alumina catalyst for selective hydrogenation of acetylene impurity in pyrolysis ethane-ethylene fraction is modified with 0.01 to 0.5% cesium.    USE - Hydrogenation catalysts.    ADVANTAGE - Increased selectivity. 1 tbl, 3 ex
NOVELTY - A sludge digestion apparatus comprises a microbial bed having 1 l of grease buster microbe of 10 from 30 as a composite microorganism which decomposes the sludge, and a temperature controlling unit.    USE - For processing sludge disposal containing fats and oil.    ADVANTAGE - The sludge is processed effectively and deodorized periodically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the sludge digestion method.
NOVELTY - A biological water treatment unit has immersion filter bed tank (10) which distributes the treated water by microorganism in a filler, aerator (16) for contacting treated water with microorganism sludge, a sludge separation means to separate sludge from the aerator, a first and second return means (22, 24) to return separated sludge to the aerator and immersion filter bed tank respectively.    USE - For processing organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The returned sludge is decomposed by the microorganism by simple method without worsening the treated water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composition of biological water treatment unit.    Immersion filter bed tank (10)    Aerator (16)    First and second return means (22,24)
NOVELTY - Injection of a microorganism in soil involves injecting a member with the microorganism in the soil to reduce the permeability coefficient in the upper or lower part of the soil. The member consists of a dispersing element suspending a particle consisting of a solid or a gel particle.    USE - For recovering contamination in soil like organo chlorine compounds such as (halogenated) hydrocarbon, and underground water.    ADVANTAGE - The recoverability of contaminated soil is efficient.
NOVELTY - Waste material is dried under low pressure and vapor emanating from waste is passed through vapor liquid separator (56). Subsequently, deodorizing and purification operation are done. Vacuum pipe (54) is connected to vapor liquid separator, deodorizing and purification unit with vacuum chamber.    USE - For processing waste such as organic refuses, wastes of cattle or pig.    ADVANTAGE - As vacuum pipes connect vapor liquid separator and deodorizing and purification unit with vacuum chamber, water content from industrial waste is fully removed and complete purification is done with small and simple equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of waste processing apparatus.    Vacuum pipe (54)    Vapor liquid separator (56)
NOVELTY - The gas generated in reaction vessel, is attracted by an aspirator via a suction path. A deodorizer installed between aspirator and vessel deodorizes the gas. the deodorized gas is recirculated to aerator of reactor vessel via a recirculating path.    USE - For processing organic waste such as sludge from waste water treatment plant, general home, restaurant, food stuffs works.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces odor concentration in gas as gas from deodorizer is recycled to aerator. Aerobic fermentation is carried out efficiently. Environmental pollution is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the processing method of gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic top view of processing apparatus of organic waste.
NOVELTY - Apparatus (10) comprises catalyst in fin (14) of heat exchanger (11) which carries out heat exchange.    USE - For modifier of fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Compact catalyst apparatus is provided with improved productivity. Sealing of each element such as plate and frame is carried out effectively by brazing, without using an arc welding. The purification part purifies carbon monoxide in the hydrogen containing modified gas which is supplied to the fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the purification part of catalyst apparatus.    Catalyst apparatus (10)    Heat exchange part (11)    Tank (12,13)    Fin (14)    Baffle plate (15)
NOVELTY - A foaming agent comprises 5-95 weight% (wt.%) of 1-2C iodocarbon and 95-5 wt.% of low boiling aliphatic hydrocarbon having boiling point below 70degreesC.    USE - For synthetic resin foam which is useful as building insulating material.    ADVANTAGE - Risk of ozone layer destruction is prevented by using polyurethane foam. The influence on global warming is reduced. The foam excels in strength and flame retardance. Synthetic resin foam maintains adiabatic property and dimensional stability for a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of synthetic resin foam where polyolefin group fused resin containing dispersed volatile blowing agent (foaming agent) is extruded to a low pressure region.
NOVELTY - A processing facility comprising a unit for crushing incombustible waste with mixed waste plastic and/or metals and glass coarsely, a unit connected to the bottom of the crushing unit so as to carry the coarsely crushed matter, a 1st transportation unit for transporting the coarsely crushed waste plastic by the force of wind generated by a suction fan, a unit for crushing the waste plastic finely, a 2nd transportation unit for transporting the finely crushed waste plastic by the force of wind and a dechlorination unit for removing inorganic and organic chlorine compounds, wherein a surfactant is mixed in a separation medium used in the dechlorination unit.    USE - They are suitable for processing incombustible waste while obtaining useful waste plastic from industrial waste etc..    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of an incombustible waste processing facility    Coarse Crushing Unit (22)    Carrying Unit (23)    1st Wind Force Transportation Unit (25,27)    Fine Crushing Unit (30)    Dechlorination Unit (33)    Separation Medium (34)
NOVELTY - Producing biogas comprises using liquid or sludge in a generator.    USE - The generator is used to generate biogas acts as a storage vessel.    ADVANTAGE - The integration of the vessels, that make up the generator, frees them from the effects of external temperatures, in particular condensation.
NOVELTY - The system has a reforming device (1) that reforms the fuel and produces a hydrogen-rich reformed gas. A fuel cell (3) performs a reaction between the reformed gas and a gas containing oxygen and generates energy. The flow of reformed gas is controlled so that the reforming device operating pressure equals a demand pressure. The demand load current is derived from the cell depending on the detected cell flow so that the cell operating pressure equals a demand value. A load current correction is derived from a deviation between the detected cell input pressure and the cell demand pressure. The correction is added to the demanded load current.    USE - For power generation, especially for a system for reforming a gas for return to a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a reforming device and a fuel cell to be operated at their respective operating pressures, enables a pressure balance to be maintained and ensures that energy is not drawn in excess of the capacity of the cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram representation of fuel cell system    reforming device (1)    fuel cell (3)
NOVELTY - A solidification treatment process for black liquor in paper-making industry, is new.    ADVANTAGE - The process can convert the black liquor into solid state at normal temperature and pressure in a short time and its investment is less, operation is simple, and its solidified material can be used for producing organic composite fertilizer, producing impure methane, making brick and used as fuel, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solidification treatment process for black liquor in paper-making industry comprises addition of the coagulant aid and gel forming agent to the black liquor with stirring, then the cross-linking agent and stirring is added to solidify the black liquor. The added quantity of coagulant aid is 1-5% of black liquor weight, the added quantity of gel forming agent is 0.001-0.02% of black liquor weight and the added quantity of cross-linking agent is 5-10% of black liquor weight.
NOVELTY - The biological conversion of organic waste into humus comprises promotion of earthworm activity and application of Fertirep enzyme as a fertilizing and repelling agent. No chemicals or agrotoxic agents are used. The earthworms have a life of twelve years and are 30-40 mm long.    USE - For use in biochemistry.
NOVELTY - Electronically conducting needles through which the charges flow are located perpendicular to the surface of the screen (A) separating two adjacent elements of the cell, but not passing through them. The screen (A) has good electronic conductivity.    USE - In fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Leakage of gas from one compartment to another is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Screen (A) is made of a composite material or a polymer charged with a conductor such as carbon.    Screen (A) can be optionally grooved on its main surfaces to provide passages (D) for gas circulation, or can comprise pins defining a space on either side of the main surfaces for gas circulation.    The needles are embedded on either side in blind holes distributed over the surface of the screen in contact with the electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of a bipolar collector according to the invention.    Screen (A)    Gas circulation passages (D)    Pins (E)
NOVELTY - A fermentation promotion material for plants comprising (A) wheat and/or wheat bran, (B) organic waste and/or fertilizer, is new.    USE - As a fermentation promotion material.    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer ferments the plant with in a short time and converts various fertilizer disposed by burnt and reclamations into high organic fertilizers. The fermentation growth promoter is environment friendly and effective in action.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the composting method of plant generation by adding fermentation promotion material.
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (3) reforms fuel that is to be supplied to the fuel battery (2). Heat generated during reforming is guided to heat retention box (14) used for accommodating foodstuffs. Power generated from fuel battery is used for driving the vehicle.    USE - In e.g. foodstuff delivery motor scooter e.g. for pizza.    ADVANTAGE - Provides sufficient heat retention at the time of prolonged carriage without need of special heating apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of the heat retention system of vehicle.    Fuel battery (2)    Fuel reformer (3)    Heat retention box (14)
NOVELTY - The machine has a processing chamber in which the refuse is thrown in. The refuse is raked and decomposed by microorganisms on a carrier. The exchange of the carrier is based on an integrated value of processed time after switching ON. But the time is adjusted for differences of ambient temperature from set value detected by temperature sensors. A blinker indicates the time for exchange.    USE - For kitchen of home and restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - The change of carrier is estimated precisely.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front sectional view of the organic refuse processing machine.
NOVELTY - A lock detector (43) detects the locked state of an agitator (4). An integrator of an operation controller integrates operation time (T) and when operation time is out of a preset range (T1-T2), the controller activates one of two LEDs of a display unit (7), accordingly.    USE - For processing organic waste from kitchen of home and restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to judge the degradation of the carrier correctly thereby enabling to prevent reduction of processing capacity. Alerts abnormality of the processor by separate LED, enabling remedial actions. Enables to judge carrier exchange requirement correctly without being influenced by power supply cut-off.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic waste is decomposed in a processing chamber (1) by the activity of the microorganism thrown inside with carrier in chamber and churned with the organic waste. The processing time is integrated after power supply is switched ON. When the processing time is less than the preset time (T1), the LED for abnormal display, blinks indicating the abnormal condition of the apparatus. When the processing time exceeds the upper limit (T2), another LED for exchange of carrier, blinks indicating need of carrier exchange.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front sectional view of processor.    Processing chamber (1)    Agitator (4)    Display unit (7)    Lock detector (43)
NOVELTY - The decomposition of organic substance is performed within a chamber by microorganisms which lives in carriers such as saw dust, activated charcoal. An integrating unit is provided to integrate actuating cycle of churning. A warning unit such as LED is provided to emit warning signal, when total frequency obtained by integrating exceeds predetermined frequency.    USE - For processing organic substances such as garbage obtained from kitchen of home and restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - Indicates the correct exchange stage of carrier with the help of a warning unit e.g. LED.
NOVELTY - The sensor is fitted outside a fermenter of an organic refuse process machine at different locations. Each sensor comprises a pair of detecting elements (87a,87b) and are arranged at diagonally opposite directions of the fermenter. Based on detected values of the sensors, a controller adjusts the intake air quantity and heater of the fermenter.    USE - For organic refuse process machine for kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement of sensor ensures uniform drying of refuse and prevents overdrying or wet refuse being discharged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the orientation plan of arrangement of sensors.    Detecting elements (87a,87b)
NOVELTY - The machine is incorporated with an exhaust fan for sucking-in fresh air into the fermenter through an inlet, and discharging exhaust gas through a deodorizing apparatus by an exhaust port. The exhaust port is fitted with a filter and its area is made larger than the inlet opening area.    USE - For processing organic refuse from home kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Since the area of exhaust port is larger, the air velocity is reduced thereby increasing the efficiency of dust catching capacity of the filter, and deodorizing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of the fermenter of the machine.
NOVELTY - Decomposition apparatus comprising a ring blower (5) with a filter (51) that ejects exhaust gas towards a fermenter (3) where the gas is circulated for about 2 minutes, and then mixed with external air and resupplied to the fermenter for fermenting organic refuse, is new.    USE - The apparatus is used for the fermentative decomposition of organic refuse generated in a large sized food place in a general home, school, firm, army unit, restaurant, or dinning room.    ADVANTAGE - The new apparatus reduces power consumption, by carrying out heat exchange of exhaust gas. It also reduces maintenance, repair cost and bad smell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New decomposition apparatus for fermenting organic refuse comprises a ring blower (5) with a filter (51) that ejects exhaust gas towards a fermenter (3) where the gas is circulated for about 2 minutes, and then mixed with external air and resupplied to the fermenter. Bad smell is removed by circulating the another exhaust gas. The heat exchange is carried out through a heating jacket (32) located at the lower periphery of the fermenter. Negative pressure is always maintained in the fermenter, inside which a spiral stirring screw is rotatably installed. The linear stirring blade, which has the shape of a pipe and cyclic cross section, carry out circulation transfer of fermented material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a systematic diagram of the structure of apparatus.    Fermenter (3)    Ring blower (5)    Heating jacket (32)    Filter (51)
NOVELTY - Modifier (2) for fuel batteries has a catalyst holder (11) holding the catalyst which reacts with hydrocarbon compound to form hydrogen, metal pipe (14) which holds the catalyst holder and a holding sealant (12) provided between the holder and metal pipe. The sealant is a resin non-impregnated sealant and is made of inorganic fiber material with impurities of low concentration.    USE - For fuel batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The modifier forms hydrogen with high purity. Hence reduction of electricity generation efficiency of the fuel battery resulting in reduction of hydrogen purity is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the modifier for fuel batteries.    Modifier (2)    Holding sealant (12)    Main body (13)    Metal pipe (14)
NOVELTY - Catalyst for purifying waste gas which contains methane, oxygen and causative agents, has palladium and zirconium oxide.    USE - For purifying waste gas containing methane, oxygen and causative agents (bad smelling agent).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst effectively purifies the waste gas for a long period of time and removes bad smell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the waste gas purification method.
NOVELTY - Porous carbonated material is manufactured by mixing porous charcoal particles with alcoholic lees followed by heating and dry hardening.    USE - The porous carbonated material in the board or grain form is used as a soil-improvement material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Waste material such as spirit lees can be effectively reutilized without causing environmental pollution. The porous carbonated material can be degraded easily by the microorganisms and serves as an excellent soil improvement agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the porous carbonated material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacture process of the porous carbonated material.
NOVELTY - Pseudomonas sp. AQ-T5 strain (FERMP-17554) or its mutant capable of producing a lipolysis enzyme not secreted extracellularly, comprising a 16S ribosomal RNA gene of 1141 nucleotides defined in the specification, is new.    USE - For processing waste water containing fat and oil ejected from the food-processing industry.    ADVANTAGE - Fat and oil in waste water is dissolved efficiently and is inexpensive. Efficiency of waste water treatment is enhanced.
NOVELTY - In a first mechanical stage, a quantity of the refuse containing a homogenous proportion of biodegradable waste, is lifted from the tip. The separated refuse is subjected to aerobic and if necessary anaerobic treatment by e.g. conversion to compost, fermentation or foul treatment process such that after four days the respiration is equal to or less than 10 mg O2/g in dry matter.    USE - Multi-stage process to minimize escape of leachate from open refuse disposal installation site.    ADVANTAGE - The process is suitable for both retrospective incorporation in existing refuse sites, and for use in association with new sites.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a second mechanical process, the converted matter is separated into a fine grade, and a coarse grade with a particle size of preferably 60-80 mm, or is crushed to reduce the particle size to less than preferably 80 mm. The contents of the entire refuse site are progressive converted using the same technique, layer by layer. The fine substrate is incorporated in those sectors of the site requiring high-density and low permeability. The coarse particles are used in those areas to be cultivated, for drainage layers, for gas distribution, or methane oxidation layers.
NOVELTY - Semi-finished product (I), comprising biodegradable and compostable polymers, is coated on at least one face with a composition comprising at least (A) a cellulose ester and (B) a plasticizer or plasticizer mixture, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for the packaging of food or non-food items, cosmetics and hygiene articles, labels or as hot house coverings, mulch, in plant protection, for sacks for the transport of goods or for containers for the release of their contents following decomposition of the container. (claimed)    ADVANTAGE - (I) has improved resistance to hydrolysis and improved tensile strength.
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a feed section (11) in the form of at least one flow channel connecting a liquid reservoir section (2,3) to an evaporation region (13) and an arrangement for increasing the pressure and/or the temp. in the reservoir section to feed the liquid (2a,3a) in the reservoir section to the feed section and the connected evaporation region. It has an arrangement for heating the liquid in the reservoir section.    USE - For transporting a liquid to be evaporated from a reservoir to an evaporation region for extracting hydrogen from hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - Especially, suitable for simply and reliably conveying small quantities of a liquid with a very compact, inexpensive design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of transporting a liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of an arrangement for transporting a liquid to be evaporated from a reservoir to an evaporation region    feed section (11)    liquid reservoir section (2,3)    evaporation region (13)    liquid in reservoir section (2a,3a)    .
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system (20) has a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (30) generating electrical energy if fed with a fuel gas and an oxidative gas. A fuel gas feeder (22) supplies hydrogenous fuel gas to the fuel cell. A fuel gas humidifier (23) moistens the fuel gas. An oxidative gas feeder (24) supplies an oxygenated oxidative gas like air. A cooler (50) cools the fuel cell. An electronic controller (60) regulates the operation of the fuel cell system.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - This system can determine the precise level of moisture in the electrolyte membranes. The fuel gas feeder can reform methane or methanol.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a logical diagram for the construction of a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (20)    Polymer electrolyte fuel cell (30)    Fuel gas feeder (22)    Fuel gas humidifier (23)    Oxidative gas feeder (24)    Cooler (50)    Electronic controller (60)
NOVELTY - Treating organic waste product comprises using acidified and deproteinized plant juice having a pH of less than 4.5 as a fermentation medium in at least one fermentation step to give a useful product without forming a new waste product.    USE - Used for production of organic acids, aminoacids, special feed additives containing lactic acid and aminoacids and feed enzymes. The fermentation product is used for an animal feed or feed additive.    ADVANTAGE - A variety of useful products are obtained without forming new waste products. The process is simple and cheap.
NOVELTY - A catalyst for water gas shift reaction comprises at least platinum supported on a metal oxide carrier. Such catalyst has good efficiency in removing carbon monoxide over a wide range of temperatures e.g. 200-400 degrees C.    USE - The catalyst is used for water gas shift reaction to remove carbon monoxide in hydrogen gas e.g. reformed gas in electric power-generating system of fuel cell (claimed), which is particularly easily adaptable for use in a start-stop repeat-operation small portable fuel cell power-generating system.    ADVANTAGE - Such catalyst has good efficiency in removing carbon monoxide over a wide range of temperatures e.g. 200-400 degrees C.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for removing carbon monoxide in hydrogen gas by contacting with the catalyst, particularly when used in a water gas shift reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Relationship between reaction temperature and carbon monoxide conversion by using the catalysts.
NOVELTY - Invention, in particular, relates to solid fuels fabricated from municipal waste water sediments to which 10-75% (calculated for solid substances) cellulose- containing materials (vegetable, wood materials, and also woodworking and paper-and-pulp industry wastes, etc.) are added before mechanical dehydration of the former, after which resulting mixture is ground until homogeneous pulp is obtained wherein cellulose fibers of two types are formed: long (0.1-1.0 mm) and short (shorter than 0.05 mm) ones. Mixture is then mechanically dehydrated, dried at temperature not below 80 C, and compacted in the form of fuel briquettes or granulated product.    USE - Waste water disposal.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced expenses, especially those on high expensive flocculants, and lessened municipal waste problem. 1 tbl
NOVELTY - Compost fermenter (1) comprises an aerobic fermentation part (4) equipped with injection and ejection parts (2,5), and a mixer (31) which mixes the crushed organic waste material with the moisture adjusting material (B). The injection part has an inclined surface (7) to remove the moisture exuded from the organic waste material (A) by supplying warm air from the pressurized air supply unit (8).    USE - For aerobic fermentation (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The moisture content of the organic raw material is adjusted by chaff and sawdust before fermentation, therefore the bad smell generated during fermentation of raw material is prevented. The compost fermenter easily composts the organic waste material even in cold conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The compost fermenter comprises an aerobic fermentation part whose one end is equipped with an injection part for injecting organic waste material and the other end with an ejection part for ejecting the compost product. The injection part has an inclined surface to remove the moisture which exudes from the injected organic waste material by supplying warm air using the pressurized air supply unit. The mixer mixes the organic waste material with the moisture adjusting material such as chaff and sawdust. The organic waste material injected into the injection part is stirred and transferred to the fermentation part by a rotary stirring transfer machine (3), and fermented to form a compost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section of compost fermenter.    Compost fermenter (1)    Injection part (2)    Stirring transfer machine (3)    Fermentation part (4)    Ejection part (5)    Inclined surface (7)    Pressurized air supply unit (8)    Mixer (10)    Organic waste material (A)    Moisture adjusting material (B)
NOVELTY - Circulation-type fermentation apparatus has loop-shaped fermenter (1) containing a recursive cutting-back apparatus (4), the upper part of which has a rotatably suspended chute (4e). The chute is raised by 45 degrees by a guide provided in the side wall of the extraction unit. The fermented product is extracted from the fermenter side wall.    USE - For sludge fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - Injection of the raw material and ejection of the fermented product into and from the apparatus is continuously performed, preventing the fermentation product mixing with the raw material. Installation of the apparatus is inexpensive. Moisture level within the raw material tank is easily maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of the fermenter.    Fermenter (1)    Cutting-back apparatus (4)    Chute (4e)
NOVELTY - The treated water is supplied into a process tank (4) and subjected to a pulse discharge. The pulse discharge is performed such that the voltage applied is more than the dielectric breakdown voltage of the treated water.    USE - For water purification.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism inactivation process is performed continuously, quickly and efficiently. The pulse discharge effect is improved. Maintenance and workability of the apparatus is easy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the microorganism inactivation apparatus (1). The apparatus consists of a process tank in which inactivation process is performed. The tank is provided with a pair of opposing counter electrodes (3) so that the treated water circulates between them.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the microorganism inactivation apparatus.    Microorganism inactivation apparatus (1)    Counter electrodes (3)    Process tank (4)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is biologically treated by sprinkling compost on the organic waste for a fixed period and covering the surface. The air in the deposition tank is attracted from the upper part and supplied into the deposit of organic waste from the bottom part. The fermentation is performed and a compost is obtained.    USE - For treating organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method does not prevent the proliferation of microbes which enables decomposition. The water component and oxygen for the proliferation of microbes are supplied. Continuous decomposition of organic waste is performed efficiently with reduced electric power. The apparatus is cheap and small with an effective deodorizing property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the biological treatment apparatus of organic waste.
NOVELTY - The system has a fan to discharge gases generated during fermentation in the fermenter of the machine. The machine includes a motor to drive the vanes inside the fermenter. A sensor detects the opening of the fermenter lid and a controller of the system increases the rotation speed of the exhaust fan.    USE - For organic refuse processing machines of home kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The bad smell emanating from fermenter when its lid is opened, is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The machine is also provided with a deodorizing apparatus which is driven when the lid is opened.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of the organic refuse process machine mounted on deodorizing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Purification of a contaminated gas involves alternately adding a predetermined amount of culture solution and contaminated gas in a tube shaped bioreactor filled with a filler through an opening and subsequently removing and ejecting the waste liquid and gas through respective openings.    USE - For preventing soil and underground water contamination.    ADVANTAGE - The purification efficiency of the contaminated gas is improved by the bioreactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a contaminated gas purifier containing a bioreactor with filler. An opening in the bioreactor passes the contaminated gas and culture solution, and the pollutants from the gas are removed and ejected through a discharge tube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of a purifier.    Discharge pipe (18)    Microbial culture solution (21)
NOVELTY - Tube-shaped organic refuse storage containers (3) which are connected in an endless shape with multiple numbers, are provided with a transfer apparatus inside the tube and the stored goods are sequentially transferred to the other organic refuse storage container.    USE - For organic refuse processing method for organic refuse generated from home, restaurants, poultry, etc.    ADVANTAGE - An extremely efficient process is performed compared to batch type process. Fluctuation in through-put of organic refuse is managed easily. When one container breaks down, the entire apparatus is not stopped. Installation space is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Containers (3)
NOVELTY - Decomposition of volatile organic or inorganic compound in an apparatus comprising a filled layer with a specific carrier for a microorganism which decomposes the organic or inorganic substances by selective adherence capability. The compound to be processed is passed through the apparatus under moist conditions by sprinkling water on the filled layer.    USE - For processing waste gas containing volatile organic compound, inorganic compound with unpleasant smell such as toluene ejected from coating works, foundry, printing works and film plant, benzene, xylene, styrene, methanol, ethyl acetate and sewage or waste water plant.    ADVANTAGE - The processing capacity of the apparatus is increased within a short time. The acclimatization period at the time of start up is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the processing of waste gas by the decomposition method.
NOVELTY - A bio-deodorizing method, is new.    USE - For deodorizing waste gas produced by e.g. sewage works.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism in the bioreactor is increased which deodorizes the contaminated gas. The substance which are hard to decompose such as methyl sulfide, methyl mercaptan is effectively decomposed by the bioreaction circles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bio-deodorizing method involves increasing microorganism concentration in the liquid present inside a column in an air tight container of a bioreactor. The liquid having microorganism in the bottom part forms bioreaction circles which is stirred by passing air through a circulation line. The contaminated gas is passed through the lower part of column and water is sprinkled in the upper part of the column.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the biodeodorizing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Apparatus (100) has thermal decomposition furnace (10) for waste plastic (1), condensers for condensing the thermolysis product (11), separator (91) for isolating the condensed oily product into fluff and a combustor (61) for burning the oily product. The condensers are a high temperature condenser (20) for heavy products and low temperature condenser (30) for light products.    USE - For thermolysis condensation of waste plastic used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The process of oil formation and combustion of waste plastic is combinedly performed using turbine, condensers and the generator, eliminating the need for specially designed modifier. Classification of waste plastic is avoided. Oil formation can be performed continuously thereby generating 21-23% of electric power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for oil formation-combustion method which involves adjusting outlet temperature of the high-temperature condenser to 110-160degreesC and cooling outlet temperature of low-temperature condenser to normal temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the oil formation and combustion processing apparatus of waste plastic.    Waste plastics (1)    Thermal decomposition furnace (10)    Thermolysis product (11)    High temperature condenser (20)    Direction control valves (25,54)    Low- temperature condenser (30)    Cooling gas (31)    Low-temperature condenser oil (32)    High-temperature condenser oil tank (40)    Low-temperature condenser oil tank (50)    Thermolysis gas (51)    Gas turbine (60)    Combustor (61)    Combustion exhaust gas (65)    Partition plate (71)    Narrow spaces (72,73)    Generator (90)    Separator (91)    Oil formation and combustion processing apparatus (100)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of compost involves depositing compost raw material in a groove shaped tank and subsequently fermenting the compost which moves downwards by gravity.    USE - For processing organic waste in sewage disposal plant.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus effectively transfers the raw materials upstream from the fermentation tank. The gravitational energy is used in the process help to conserve energy. The corrosion of the apparatus is prevented. The apparatus is easy to install and manage and has long durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the compost manufacturing apparatus which has groove shaped fermentation tanks (1,2) for depositing and fermenting the compost particulated by a column of steps. The step part between the tanks is equipped with gate (4,5) which controls the transfer of matured raw material and intermediate products. The base of the tanks are inclined longitudinally and the raw material or the intermediate products are moved downstream in the tanks by gravity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical sectional drawing of a compost manufacturing apparatus.    Fermentation tanks (1,2)    Dehydration tank (3)    Gate (4,5)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of feed fertilizer from recycled residue involves stirring a mixture of soy sauce lees and rice bran, cultivating and fermenting with chlorella liquid and subsequently granulating the dried product.    USE - For feed fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The chlorella liquid accelerates the fermentation of the mixture. The fertilizer neither contains saline matter nor produce harmful gases but provides nutrients for plant growth. By effectively recycling the waste the fertilizer prevents environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - The gas for coolants contains mixed proportion of 90-98 mol% propane and 2-10 mol% ethane in a specific ratio.    USE - For refrigerators and car air conditioners.    ADVANTAGE - When compared with freon, the refrigeration gas is manufactured at low cost. Since it is a gas which exists in nature, it decomposes in the early stage itself. Energy obtained when used in coolants is raised. Ozone layer is not destroyed by the gas which is released into the atmosphere. The transfer of refrigerant gas is rapid. Saturation density and viscosity of refrigerant gas are smaller than that of chloroflurocarbon.
NOVELTY - Air permeable combustion catalyst (12a) is filled within a combustion unit (12) through which air is passed from a supply line (14). A fuel vaporizer (16a) equipped at upstream side of catalyst, sprays liquid fuel on catalyst. Air and fuel are supplied in stoichiometric ratio, so that catalyst temperature is not reduced and catalytic combustion is started. Excessive liquid fuel is sprayed and evaporated.    USE - For modifier in fuel battery used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since air and fuel are supplied in stoichiometric ratio such that catalyst temperature does not reduce, catalytic combustion is started immediately after supply, by self ignition. Self ignition is carried out only by supplying air and fuel since excessive fuel is supplied. Vaporization of liquid fuel is started within a minute. Quantity of water used is reduced and entire thermal efficiency is improved. By the provision of preheaters, air and catalyst are heated to suitable temperature initially for self ignition during low temperature conditions. Starting is done easily at low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A water vaporizer (18a) is provided at upstream side of catalyst, that sprays water which is evaporated to modify raw material gas and to contain water vapor after catalytic combustion initiation. Preheaters (15,13) are provided in the air supply line and to heat the combustion catalyst respectively. The catalyst includes alumina particle or honeycomb material of platinum or vanadium. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the modifier which is filled with partial oxidation catalyst. Secondary air is partially oxidized and raw material gas is modified into hydrogen content gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of liquid fuel evaporator and modifier.    Combustion unit (12)    Combustion catalyst (12a)    Preheaters (13,15)    Air supply line (14)    Fuel vaporizer (16a)    Water vaporizer (18a)
NOVELTY - Purification tank (PT) comprises a support fluid tank for microbial growth has an aerating diffusion tube. The fluid tank (E1) is divided vertically by a support dam unit (G) prevents the support flow. The PT receives support (C1) from the upper side of the dam unit and treated water from the downstream of PT. The specific gravity of the support and remainder (C2) in the PT is 0.8-1 and 1-1.2 respectively.    USE - For processing sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The purification tank operates effectively. The precipitation of the support in the treated water and the deposition of the sludge in the tank is prevented. The support deposited with the sludge can be washed and reused.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of a purification tank.    Support (C1)    Remainder (C2)    Fluid tank (E1)    Support dam unit (G)
NOVELTY - A power plant comprises fuel cell (100) and electrochemical autothermal reformer (EATR) (200). EATR contains an autothermal reformer (210) and anode supply region (230) separated by mixed ion conductor membrane layer (220) made of metal or alloy. An anode gas loop (300) provides an unit for circulating mixture of hydrogen and carrier gas, between fuel cell anode section (110) and anode supply region.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The power plant efficiently reforms the hydrocarbon fuel and pure hydrogen is obtained. Carbon monoxide and other potentially harmful impurities are completely eliminated from the reformer product gas. The difference in operating temperature between EATR and the fuel cell, is exploited by heat exchangers which efficiently enable certain heating and cooling functions within the power plant. The manufacturing and processing costs of electricity generating systems using fuel cells, are minimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of fuel cell power plant.    Fuel supply unit (1)    Air supply unit (4)    Steam producing unit (33)    Fuel cell (100)    Fuel cell anode section (110)    Electrochemical autothermal reformer (200)    Autothermal reformer (210)    Mixed ion conductor membrane layer (220)    Anode supply region (230)    Burner (260)    Anode gas loop (300)
NOVELTY - The system includes: coils, which can be completely and consistently decoked; a decoke operation which is performed manually, usually using a set of conditions that are dictated by the feedstock runtime; monitoring the concentration, or the principle combustion products, during a portion of the operation; providing analytical instrumentation for concentration data range of interest; and analyzing the components over the entire decoke process.    USE - A system for closed-loop control of a decoke operation.    ADVANTAGE - The coils of the invention can be completely and consistently decoked.
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) has a feed zone for supplying residue, a stirrer which mixes materials, a drier (3) in which stirred materials are dried, and a carbonization unit (5) where dried residue is carbonized to form carbon material. Carbonization gas is combusted in a carbonization gas combustion unit (7) and combustion gas produced is resupplied to the carbonization unit.    USE - For processing organic waste material for producing fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The residue is carbonized at a low temperature and essential elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, iron, calcium, magnesium, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and trace elements such as manganese, molybdenum, boron, copper, zinc, and chlorine are maintained even after combustion such that they can be used as fertilizer. Carbon material is pulverized, efficient carbonization is performed and efficient use of carbonization gas is performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic waste material processing apparatus.    Organic waste processing apparatus (1)    Drier (3)    Carbonization unit (5)    Combustion unit (7)
NOVELTY - Degradation of waste comprising mixing a degradation promotion material with biodegradable waste materials and crushing the mixture to form a hard material with a surface roughness of 20 microns or more.    USE - For physical and biochemical degradation of waste material such as garbage.    ADVANTAGE - Accelerates degradation of waste materials. Waste materials are both physically and biochemically degraded in a short period of time. The residue after degradation is easily removed by sieving. The degradation promotion material can be reused. Alterable processing container makes the treatment of waste materials simple. A vibrator for the sieve is not required and so manufacturing and running costs are reduced. The degradation promotion material is economical and efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the biodegradable waste treatment equipment comprising a processing container into which degradation promotion material and the garbage are added, a stirrer for stirring the mixture in the container, a sieve for removing the residual degradation promotion material and a detachable residue container to receive the residue left out in the sieve.
NOVELTY - Decomposing an organic substance, that is difficult to decompose, involving adding a decomposing microorganism to the organic substance, is new.    USE - The new method is useful for decomposing organic substances ejected as industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism adhering to the organic substance can be disinfected and the target microorganism can be easily proliferated as a result of heating. Since there is no need for pyrolysis, the cost is reduced.
NOVELTY - The electricity generation system generates gas formed by activation reaction of activated carbon manufacture. The gas is supplied to the fuel battery (1) for electricity generation.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The need for modifier for modifying liquid fuel such as gas feed fuel, natural gas, methanol or hydrogen gas is eliminated. The system is compact and the running cost of the system is economical.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of fuel battery electricity generation system.    Fuel battery (1)    CO transformer (5)
NOVELTY - Heating gas is supplied to fuel gas passageway (f) of each cell (C). Modification process of heating gas of hydrocarbon group is performed by a catalyst using water vapor. Inlets (fi) of each fuel gas passageway is arranged on same side. Reforming section (R) is arranged near the inlet side of fuel gas passageway.    USE - For electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Modification of heating gas is performed efficiently, thus improving efficiency of electricity generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional drawing of fuel battery.    Cell (C')    Fuel gas passage way (f)    Inlets (f1)    Reforming section (R)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of pineapple enzyme involving squeezing pineapple in natural sugar liquid containing a part from many sugars, adding fungi for fermentation and fermenting at normal temperature, is new.    USE - The new method is useful for producing an enzyme which is useful as a mud-like waste treatment agent of sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides more efficient and effective pineapple enzyme. The method prevents oxidation of pineapple enzyme. The activation is raised by adjusting the fixed sugar content.
NOVELTY - Breeding an organic compound decomposing microbe comprising adding a pH regulator (7) and an organic compound to be decomposed by the microbe, in a liquid such that the pH is fixed within limits of pH fluctuation that would take place during biodegradation by the microbe, is new.    USE - The microbe bred by the new method is useful for decomposing organic compounds, especially organosulfur compounds, which involves adding organic compounds to the liquid containing acclimatized microbe (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Since the pH regulator and the organic compound to be decomposed are continuously supplied and the pH is fixed within limits of pH fluctuation that would take place during biodegradation, the acclimatization process of the microbe can be carried out in less time and more easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an acquisition method of the acclimatized microbe which involves taking out the microbe from the breeding liquid after the acclimatization conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing apparatus of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) .    pH regulator (7)
NOVELTY - Gaseous fuel storage involves transforming methane gas to other gas, absorbing the transformed gas in a carbon group absorbent and decompressing the transformed gas.    USE - Used as liquefying storage and compression storage.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides stable and high volume storage efficiency without cooling or applying high pressure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gaseous fuel storage apparatus which has a reactor.
NOVELTY - The surface of the modification catalyst carried by modifier, is changed to reduced state. At the time of initiation, air is supplied to the modification catalyst which is oxidized.    USE - For initiating modifier used to modify hydrocarbon into hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The initiation of modifier is enabled within a short time, using a simple apparatus. The modification catalyst is reduced by the exhaust gas of fuel battery and the condensation of water vapor with modification catalyst, is prevented by sealing the modified raw material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains initiation of modifier.    Fuel battery (18)
NOVELTY - The assembly has a number of fuel cells, each having electrolyte, cathode and anode. The cell stack assembly includes anode flow fields for exposing the anodes to a fuel and cathode flow fields for exposing the cathodes to an oxidant. The commingling of the fuel and oxidant reactants between adjacent anodes and cathodes is prevented.    USE - Used in fuel cell power plant to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved method and device for the delivery of input reactants to fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The assembly has input and output manifolds (14A,14B) in fluid communication with cathode flow fields. One or more blowers (17A,17B) are mounted with one of the manifolds for allowing flow of oxidant through the cathode flow fields. The blowers include a variable speed motor and pull and push the oxidant input reactant through the cathode flow field. The manifolds are adapted for recycling a portion of the oxidant reactant. A controller (50) is in electrical communication with the sensors (52A,52B) and the blowers for controlling the delivery of the oxidant by the blower responsive to the sensor. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for providing input reactants to fuel cell stack assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cell stack assembly including sensors and a controller for controlling the blowers.    Input and output manifolds (14A,14B)    Blowers (17A,17B)    Controller (50)    Sensors (52A,52B)
NOVELTY - A waste-treatment method comprises the exposure of waste mainly composed of raw rubber, old tires, waste lumber, paper diapers or/and waste plastics to a high-temperature steam under anoxic conditions for carbonization. Such method can be operated quickly, safely and efficiently without generating obnoxious substances such as dioxins, with little smell and environmental impact.    USE - The method is for treating e.g. garbage, waste lumber, paper diapers, waste plastics, organic sludge discharged from food industries and household to produce fuel and carbonaceous materials with recovery of water.    ADVANTAGE - Such method can be operated quickly, safely and efficiently without generating obnoxious substances such as dioxins, with little smell and environmental impact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A waste-treatment method comprises the exposure of waste mainly composed of raw rubber, old tires, waste lumber, paper diapers or/and waste plastics to a high-temperature steam under anoxic conditions for carbonization.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Diagram of a waste-treating facility and method of waste treatment.    Waste-treating facility (10)    waste-treating device (11)    steam superheater (12)    boiler (13)    cooler (14)    deodorizer (16)    water purifier (17)    cooling tower (18)
NOVELTY - Waste management system which integrates collection and transportation of waste, operated by separating the waste into wet organic or dry waste collecting and transporting the waste in separate compartments of a transportation and preparation subsystem, treating and processing the wet organic waste for mass reduction, processing the dry waste, recovering the processed waste for reuse, is new.    USE - The methods are useful for treating solid wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The methods eliminate complex steps for processing solid waste. The methods provide large landfills which became continuous, environmental and economical. The process provides a close working front of landfill operations and eliminates odor and leachate problems related with wet organic waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of collecting and transporting waste in separate containers of a mobile transportation system. The wet organic portion is separated in the wet waste generator container. The dry portion of the waste (including dry organic and inorganic waste) is separated in a dry waste generator container. The wet and dry organic waste are then collected by a separate mobile transportation system, processed and decontaminated for reuse and storage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a process chart including a solid waste generator, wet organic waste and dry organic waste generator containers, and a transportation and preparation unit.    Wet organic waste generator container (12)    Dry organic waste generator container (13)    Transportation containers (14 and 15)    Transportation and preparation unit (16)
NOVELTY - The ashes ejected from a fluidized bed boiler or a pressurized bed boiler, when coal is burnt using limestone as bed material, is mixed with water. The mixture is cast to obtain a solid fuel.    USE - To manufacture solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Uses the waste ashes effectively. Reduces processing cost of ash. Enables ultimate disposal of ashes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the processing method of solid fuel.
NOVELTY - An inner cylinder (22) is vertically connected to an end plate (21) of an exhaust gas chamber (21). A floor plate (25) is horizontally mounted at the mid portion of an inner cylinder side board (26) with an exhaust port (27) is vertically mounted to the floor plate. A top plate (23) has a wind shield whose lower free end is set lower than the upper ends of inner cylinder and exhaust port.    USE - For carbonizing inflammable refuse, e.g. organic refuse, paper, timber, paper diaper.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids penetration of rain water unit via an exhaust port, since the wind shield extends beyond the upper ends of the inner cylinder and side board. Prevents corrosion since exhaust gas is ejected towards the slant top.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The wind shield is suspended from the intermediate portion of the inner cylinder and side board (26).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flue gas discharge portion of the refuse carbonization apparatus.    Exhaust gas chamber (21)    Inner cylinder (22)    Top plate (23)    Floor plate (25)    Inner cylinder side board (26)    Exhaust port (27)
NOVELTY - A feed comprises raw material liquid of waste molasses and a strong Okinawan liquor distillation lees of spirits mixed at a ratio of 1-10. The mixture is heated, solidified, cooled. The solidified thing is ground and made into grains.    USE - Used as feed.    ADVANTAGE - The feed is manufactured with high yield having increased shelf life. The waste molasses is utilized effectively. The feed is maintained in the particulate state with low residual water component. Grain like feed is manufactured efficiently in large quantities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) apparatus for manufacturing feed;    (b) manufacture of feed
NOVELTY - An organic waste treatment equipment for processing organic waste using a microorganism comprises two treatment tanks (I,II) filled with microorganisms. Two stirring blades each in I and II stirring the microorganisms and the organic waste is driven by an identical stirring blade rotation axis.    USE - For treating waste like organic refuse and organic industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus decomposes in high efficiency and reduces the size of organic waste.
NOVELTY - A residue obtained by dissolving a water insoluble oil and a soluble oil, in water is subjected to primary decomposition in the reaction area (II) (15) of a reactor (13), to obtain a gas. The gas which essentially consists of hydrogen makes the hydrocarbon resources to react with water in the reaction area (I) (14) and thus decomposing the hydrocarbon resources.    USE - For manufacturing gas such as hydrogen, light oil and water-soluble formation oil from hydrocarbon resources such as fossil fuels, coal, heavy oil, oil shale, natural bitumen, city refuse, sludge and organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Complicated processes are not required for the conversion process. Conversion ratio of hydrogen, light oil and water-soluble formation oil is high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves converting hydrocarbon resources in a reactor, using reaction area (I) maintained at pressure 25-40 MPa and temperature 380-500degreesC and reaction area (II) maintained at 25-40 MPa and 500-900degreesC. A residue obtained by dissolving a water insoluble oil and a soluble oil, in water is subjected to primary decomposition in the reaction area (II), to obtain a gas. The gas which essentially consists of hydrogen makes the hydrocarbon resources to react with water in the reaction area (I) and thus decomposing the hydrocarbon resources.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the converter of hydrocarbon resources.    Reactor (13)    Reaction area (I) (14)    Reaction area (II) (15)    Separator (17)    Hydrogenation reactor (20)    Extractor (22)
NOVELTY - Storage tanks (4) are provided in the circulation pipeline (201) for storing water, hydrocarbon fuel or a mixture of both from which branch pipelines (26,27) are provided for raw material supply which is force fed for modification to a carbon monoxide reduction unit (14) through an evaporation portion (12) and modification portion (13). The carbon monoxide reduction unit is cooled by heat exchanger (5).    USE - For fuel battery (claimed) used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide reduction is stabilized even on load fluctuation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The evaporator evaporates the hydrocarbon fuel and raw material to be modified and feeds to modification portion and carbon monoxide reduction portion. The carbon monoxide reduction unit is cooled by a heat exchanger with coolant circulation pipeline (28), that exchanges heat with raw material circulation pipeline. Alternately, a supplementary raw material supply is provided with circulation pipeline attached to the heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of modifier.    Storage tanks (4)    Heat exchanger (5)    Evaporation portion (12)    Modification portion (13)    Carbon monoxide reduction unit (14)    Branch pipelines (26,27)    Circulation pipeline (28)    Cooling unit (100)    Supply unit (200)    Pipeline (201)
NOVELTY - The purification method of soil contaminated with organochlorine compound involves excavating and forming a pit (12) in the contaminated area of ground (10) and injecting methane dissolved water (18) into the pit contaminated by organochlorine compound.    USE - For purifying soil including ground, underground, cavernous part of underground, stratum, liquid and gaseous phases contaminated by organochlorine compound.    ADVANTAGE - The contaminated soil is purified easily, quickly and inexpensively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of the purification method of soil contaminated by organochlorine compound.    Ground (10)    Pit (12)    Methane dissolved water (18)
NOVELTY - Burner system comprises solid oxide monolithic fuel cell (15). Natural gas fuel is partially reformed before introduction into cell using a POX reformer (40) and air is preheated. Heat energy is recovered from the exhaust (46) of the fuel cell. 23-30% of fuel is supplied to the air preheater. The air preheater combustor and fuel burner are non-stoichiometric.    USE - The burner system for the solid oxide fuel cell is used for generation of heat.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell burner has improved efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram of the fuel cell burner system.    Fuel cell stack (15)    Preheater (25)    Heat recovery device (30)    POX reformer (40)    Exhaust (46)
NOVELTY - A method for composting solid material, utilizing improved air circulation and better recovery of ammonia produced as a by product, is new.    USE - Composting of solid organic material, such as animal dung, bark, straw and leaves.    ADVANTAGE - The quality of compost produced is improved due to improved aeration. The ammonia produced, which would usually be lost, is recovered.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Air is sucked (5) through heaps of solid material being turned into compost by aerobic fermentation. This is done by drawing a slight vacuum in perforated ducts (2) beneath the heaps. Air and gaseous fermentation products are bubbled through an aqueous solution of phosphoric or nitric acid (6). Ammonia present in the gas reacts with the acid to produce a useful fertilizer.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for equipment to carry out the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of equipment used for composting solid material.    Perforated plate (1)    Duct (2)    Collection ducts (3 and 4)    Fan (5)    Acid solution (6)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell battery has at least one air or oxygen-containing gas inlet point (25) for each cell and post-combustion occurs in an annular chamber around the cell stack.. The inlet points communicate as a whole or in groups via at least one air chamber (115) extending axially along the stack and in direct contact with it. Each air chamber is divided from a post-combustion chamber (4) by at least one dividing wall (40).    USE - Fuel cell battery.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement is more cost-effective with respect to the supply of air into the fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective representation of part of an interconnector in a fuel cell battery    inlet point (25)    post-combustion chamber (4)    air chamber (115)    dividing wall (40)    .
NOVELTY - Reactor unit comprises a reaction chamber (15) arranged in an inner chamber (9) of an insulating chamber (10), and at least one feed line (25) that empties process fluid into the reaction chamber. The feed line has an expansion bellows with two communicating sections (16, 17) at one point.    USE - Used as an autothermal primary reformer for producing hydrogen for fuel cells in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The unit has a simple structure and can be reliably operated. Good mixing of the reaction partners is also achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for operating a reactor unit comprising dividing the feed line into two communicating sections that are limited by an opening (23) leading to the inside of the feed line. Preferred Features: The expansion bellows is arranged in the inner chamber of a chamber filled with pressurized fluid. The height of the chamber fluid pressure can be controlled. The line sections have front sides (19, 20) facing each other to form an annular gap-like opening and are arranged at an axial distance from each other.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the reactor unit.    inner chamber (9)    insulating chamber (10)    reaction chamber (15)    communicating sections (16, 17)    front sides (19, 20)    opening (23)    feed line (25)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has two electrodes, an electrolyte layer between them and at least one gas distribution structure for distributing an operating medium over an electrode. The gas distribution structure has several modular gas distribution units that are connected together. A modular gas distribution unit is in the form of a piece of pipe with one or more openings leading to the bounding electrode.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Damage caused by thermal stresses is prevented and the fuel cell can be manufactured in a simple manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a gas distribution units between an anode vol. and a cathode vol.
NOVELTY - Culturing nitrifying microorganisms in an aerobic aqueous medium comprises adding nitrogen dioxide and/or nitric oxide to the culture medium.    USE - For preparing starter cultures for nitrogen elimination from fresh water systems.    ADVANTAGE - Adding nitrogen dioxide or nitric oxide reduces cell doubling time and increases the yield per unit volume.
NOVELTY - Continuous production of a suspension in the treatment of biodegradable refuse comprises a reduction of the primary solution stage time of a batch process and a replacement of the secondary solution by a recycle loop.    USE - The process is used for the production of a suspension from biodegradable refuse for use in bio-reactors    ADVANTAGE - A 30 percent increase in throughput and a 40 percent reduction of maintenance is claimed, compared to the batch method. Material bottlenecks are eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Continuous production of a suspension in the treatment of biodegradable refuse comprises using standard equipment, namely a tank with a stirrer/disintegrator, a rake for the removal of floating debris and a sluice for the removal of heavy objects. The principal changes from the batch process, apart from the fact that refuse feed is continuous, are the reduction of the primary solution stage from 15 to 2 minutes and the replacement of the secondary solution stage by a recycle loop. In this loop the content of the tank is varied between 60 and 80 percent, i.e. it is not drained to the degree required by the batch process. As in the batch process, the rotational speed of the stirrer is varied but since there is now no secondary solution stage the high stirrer speed that was used there is no longer required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a process flowchart.
NOVELTY - Method of purifying biofuel gas comprises feeding pyrolyzed and gasified biomass fuel into a monomer purification device of a suspension separation chamber with a communicating gas-distributing chamber, condensation chamber and elbow pipe, and carrying out gas distribution, condensation, gas collection and suspension separation.    USE - Purification of biofuel gas.    ADVANTAGE - Tar and dust are rapidly removed. The tar and water can be condensed on the dust. Hence the grain diameter of the dust is increased. Physical suspension is used to enable simultaneous settling and removal of impurities. The removal rate of tar and dust is 90%.
NOVELTY - A process for treating city life garbage includes such steps as solar fermenting at 60-70degreesC while stirring for 4-5 days, secondary static fermentation for half month, conveying via feeder and belt conveyer to drum-type screen machine, magnetic selection of screened substances, breaking, burning in incinerator, using non-combustible matter as raw material of brick, using after heat to heat water and air for supply.
NOVELTY - A composting or worm farm apparatus which is collapsible for storage comprising a flexible body with an inlet for the introduction of organic waste matter and an outlet for retrieving the finished nutrient product, is new.    USE - (I) is useful in the preparation of compost from garden waste or for setting up a worm farm. Most kinds of organic waste may be used combined with sand, soil or other composting additives. When used with worms (I) produces worm castings which are used for their nutrient effect. A liquid nutrient may be obtained as a leachate from the apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - (I) is simple to erect and use, prevents access by vermin and is collapsible to a small size for storage when not in use.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method for converting organic waste using the apparatus; and    (2) worm castings produced by the method of (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a preferred apparatus:    dome-shaped, waterproof, flexible body (11)    trunk (12)    sleeve (13)    inlet (14)    edge of inlet (15)    reinforcing hoop (16)    fabric mesh cover with cut-outs, and secured by velcro fixings (17)    cutouts (18A, B, and C)    outlet (20)    drawstring (22)    toggle and (23)    tripod (30)    legs (31A, B, and C)    hook ends (32A, B, and C)    struts (33A, B, and C)    connectors (34A, B. and C)    arms (35A, B, and C)
NOVELTY - The power supply includes fuel tank (110) connected to fuel delivery unit (120) in the housing. The tank and fuel cell are enclosed in the housing having volume less than 500 cubic centimeters. The ejected fuel is converted to power by pneumatic fuel cell (140).    USE - For handheld electrical devices like two-way radios, cellular telephones, laptop computers.    ADVANTAGE - Due to usage of air circulated fuel cell, the need for separate air source is eliminated. Ensures stable output power for long period by using mini fuel tanks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded isometric view of portable power supply.    Fuel storage tank (110)    Fuel delivery unit (120)    Pneumatic fuel cell (140)
NOVELTY - A sorbent material containing contaminants, e.g. oil, is cleaned and dried by flowing a solvent through a pressurized vessel having the sorbent material, draining the solvent and applying radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation to the vessel to evaporate the residual solvent. The drained solvent is condensed and then stored in a tank.    USE - The method is used to clean granular sorbents, or sorbent mats, pads, rags, socks, booms made from polymers (preferably cotton, cellulose, polyesters, polyethylene and polypropylene), to contaminants, e.g., oil.    ADVANTAGE - The method avoids the waste of the solvent, minimizes the release of the solvent into the atmosphere, and avoids the flushing of the contaminants into the sewer system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of removing volatile components from an oil, by irradiating a mixture of the oil and volatile compounds in a tank with RF electromagnetic radiation, and collecting the volatile compounds after a condensation process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the pressurized vessel used in carrying out the method.    Non-conducting basket (182)    Electrodes (184)
NOVELTY - Processing combustible minerals and utilization of solid industrial and domestic waste in the mining industry into technological raw material includes loading of mineral and domestic waste into a furnace and performing pyrolysis by air blasting on heating to 900-1200 degrees C. On completion of pyrolysis, air blasting is replaced with chlorine blasting.    USE - Utilization of waste.    ADVANTAGE - Higher efficiency. Improves economy and ecological cleanliness in processing of combustible minerals and solid industrial and domestic waste.
NOVELTY - Use of fermented vegetable-, fruit- and garden waste as a litter for spreading in animal stalls.    USE - The fermented product is strewn, optionally together with wood shavings, as a litter layer on the floor of animal houses.    ADVANTAGE - The fermented material can be produced from a wide range of starting materials and gives a final product which can be used to replace wood shavings which are widely used as a litter strew on the floor of animal housing such as stalls for horses, chicken houses, etc. The process overcomes drawbacks associated with previous products of this type descried e.g. in NL192291, EP710438, NL1003416 and DE2558257. After use the material can be used as a fertilizer which has a lower mineral content than previously used litter materials, so that the material has a beneficial effect on the mineral balance and minimizes the release of harmful substances into the environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Use of a fermentation product, obtained by subjecting vegetable-, fruit- and garden waste to a pre-composting and a post-composting treatment followed if necessary by elimination of non-compostable components, as a litter strew in animal stalls.
(KR99073909-A)   NOVELTY - Biologically pure culture of Gordona sp. CYKS1 (KCTC 0431BP) capable of utilizing organic sulfur material as a sole sulfur source, is new.    USE - CYKS1 is useful for desulfurizing fossil fuels, e.g. crude oil, petroleum and diesel oil, containing organic sulfur compounds such as methyl sulfide, thiophene, thiazole, 2-methylthiophene, 3-methylthiophene, 4,5-dimethylthiophene, thianaphthene, phenyl sulfide, benzyl sulfide and dibenzothiosulfone. A mineral salt medium (20 ml) containing glucose (10 g/l) was spiked with dibenzothiophene (0.3 mM, as an anhydrous ethanol solution) and incubated with CYKS1. The dibenzothiophene concentration after 60 hours was 0.05 mM.    ADVANTAGE - CYKS1 is capable of desulfurizing dibenzothiophene and more complex organic sulfur compounds at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
NOVELTY - Purification of combustion exhaust gas containing excess oxygen involves decomposition of nitrogen oxide in presence of methane gas as catalyst and oxidizing the methane to reduce nitrogen oxide.    USE - For purification of combustion exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxide.    ADVANTAGE - The purification process is stable for a long period of time. High conversion ratio of methane is maintained and residual methane concentration is minimized. Waste gas containing 5-15% water vapor is also processed by the purification method. The catalyst used show high resistance to reduction by sulfur oxides present in the waste gas. Methane carries out oxidative degradation of non-combustible components such as carbon monoxide and aldehydes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the combustion exhaust gas purifier.
NOVELTY - A fire-proof inorganic oxide carrier is contacted with a reactive gas in the presence of a catalyst at 60-150 degrees C. The catalyst is ruthenium and alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal. The hydrogen containing gas is oxidized and carbon monoxide is reduced.    USE - For fuel batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Selective oxidation removal of carbon monoxide is efficiently performed. Poisoning of platinum in fuel battery by carbon monoxide is prevented by formation gas. The battery has long life with stable output.
NOVELTY - A modification reaction part (10) of modifier (20) contains 20-30 weight percent (wt.%) of chromium (Cr) and/or 34-50 wt.% of nickel (Ni) and remainder which contains iron (Fe) and unavoidable impurities. The modifier supplies heating gas (21) to modification reaction part and modifies the heating gas in hydrogen enrichment gas.    USE - For modifying hydrocarbon heating gas such as exhaust gas, methanol, naphtha, kerosene, gasoline or liquefied natural gas (LNG) supplied to a fuel battery or an engine.    ADVANTAGE - The modifier provides improved corrosion resistance, electrical resistance, thermal resistance and high temperature strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the modification reaction component used for modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of modifier.    Modification reaction part (10)    Modifier (20)    Heating gas (21)
NOVELTY - An apparatus has container (11) containing waste plastic, outer container (12) having inlet (15) and outlet (16) of heat carrier, and heat carrier supply source (30) connected to inlet. Rate of flow and temperature of heat carrier are adjusted by adjusting mechanism (31) and thermometer (34) provided to container. Adjusting mechanism is controlled by control apparatus (32) by the signal from thermometer.    USE - For heating and oil forming the waste plastic e.g. waste plastic containing vinyl chloride resin (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Overheating of the container containing waste plastic can be prevented using the heat carrier. Seizure of waste plastic can be prevented. Container containing waste plastic can be heated efficiently and effectively using the energy of heat carrier. The apparatus can carry out thermolysis efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the waste plastic thermolysis apparatus.    Container (11)    Outer container (12)    Partition wall (13)    Spiral protrusion (14)    Inlet (15)    Outlet (16)    Circulation duct (17)    Stirring apparatus (19)    Cooling system (22)    Heat carrier supply source (30)    Adjusting mechanism (31)    Control apparatus (32)    Thermometer (34)
NOVELTY - A methane hydrate is produced by reacting water and a hydrate producing substance by spraying water (10) into a gaseous phase (G) containing the hydrate producing substance in a hydrate producing vessel (1) and supplying the hydrate producing substance in a gas state into an aqueous phase (L) in the hydrate producing vessel.    USE - For producing methane gas hydrates for investigating the possibilities of storing methane.    ADVANTAGE - A highly concentrated hydrate is produced efficiently in a short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a hydrate-producing apparatus including:    (1) a hydrate producing vessel;    (2) a conditions adjusting device for adjusting the temperature and pressure in the vessel;    (3) a water supply device for producing an aqueous phase;    (4) a hydrate producing substance supplying device for supplying hydrate producing substance into the aqueous phase to the vessel and forming a gaseous containing hydrate producing substance;    (5) a spraying device for spraying water into the gaseous phase in the vessel; and    (6) a hydrate recovery device for recovering produced hydrate form the aqueous phase.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the hydrate-producing apparatus.    Gas phase (G)    Aqueous phase (L)    Hydrate-producing vessel (1)    Nozzle (9)
NOVELTY - The composter for organic residues comprises a set of two or more horizontal rotary cylinders (1) with a residue inputter (3). The system also contains agitators, breather valves and drainage devices. Retainers prevent rotation of the cylinders during the inputting. Product agitators, and an evaporation assembly evacuating condensate, are also fitted.    USE - For use in industrial chemistry.
NOVELTY - Gas generating reagent pressurizing equipment, comprising a pump for feeding a pressurizing medium to a reagent in a supply container is new.    USE - For pressurizing reagents such as hydrocarbons (e.g. methanol) and optionally water used in a steam reforming or partial oxidation system to generate hydrogen for a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell or possibly in a common rail system for diesel engines or in a common rail ultra-pure water system for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The equipment is simpler and less expensive than conventional pump systems of the same capacity since the pump is kept out of contact with the reagent, especially an aggressive medium, and permits precise and reliable reagent dosing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for pressurizing a reagent using the above equipment.    Preferred Features: The feed pump pressurizes reagents in different supply containers using air or an inert gas, especially nitrogen, as the pressurizing medium, the medium optionally also being used as a reagent of the gas generating system. Reagent transport from the supply containers is controlled by pulse operated valves or by continuously operating valves, especially proportional valves, with variable flow cross-sections. A pressure maintaining valve is used to keep the pressurizing medium at a constant pressure and one or more non-return valves are provided in the piping system. A mobile wall or piston may be provided in the piping system and/or in the supply containers for preventing contact between the pressurizing medium and the reagents.
NOVELTY - The system has at least one fuel cell (1), a hydrogen generation system for supplying the fuel cell anode with a pure product gas containing hydrogen and an oxygen delivery arrangement for delivering a gas containing oxygen to a reaction chamber in a hydrogen generation reactor (2) and/or into a gas cleaning stage (5). The oxygen delivery arrangement has a cathode waste gas feedback line (10) to the reaction chamber and/or gas cleaning stage for supplying at least a part of the fuel cell cathode waste gas to the reaction chamber and/or gas cleaning stage.    USE - Fuel cell system with integrated hydrogen generation for use in fuel cell vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Requires relatively little energy for the entire oxygen supply and is especially suitable for use in fuel cell vehicles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram representation of a fuel cell system with integrated hydrogen generation    fuel cell (1)    hydrogen generation reactor (2)    gas cleaning stage (5)    cathode waste gas feedback line (10)
NOVELTY - Molecular sieve carbon (I) is used for the large-scale separation of nitrogen from methane.    USE - (I) can be used in the form of pellets, granules, powder, fibers or honeycomb structures for recovering a methane-enriched gas from a mixture of methane and nitrogen, e.g. natural gas or biogas, by contacting the mixture with (I) under pressure so that the nitrogen is selectively adsorbed and removed.    ADVANTAGE - (I) selectively adsorbs nitrogen and also removes carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Molecular sieve carbon having:    (a) a mean pore diameter of 0.1-1 nm;    (b) equilibrium adsorption values for nitrogen, methane, carbon dioxide and ethylene, measured at 25 degreesC and 0.1 MPa, of 3-15, 10-40, 30-90 and 30-90 Nl/kg respectively; and    (c) adsorption parameters (times required to achieve half equilibrium adsorption value) for nitrogen, methane, carbon dioxide and ethylene, measured at 25 degreesC and 0.1 MPa, of 0.01-10, 1-1000, 0.001-1 and 0.1-100 minutes respectively.    (2) A process for recovering a methane-enriched gas from a mixture of methane and nitrogen, comprising contacting the mixture with (I) under pressure so that the nitrogen is selectively adsorbed and removed.    (3) (I)-equipped apparatus for separating and purifying methane.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a number of unit cells each containing electrodes covering an intermediate electrolyte membrane on both sides and a number of separators (3) between the unit cells. Each separator has adjacent contact protrusions (65,75) facing the electrodes and contacting them with predefined contact widths, fluid channels (6a,7a) for carrying fluid containing active material from a fluid inlet to a fluid outlet and a region in which the contact widths of the protrusions on the side closer to the outlet is smaller than on the side nearer the inlet.    USE - For producing electricity from a fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates the distribution of an active material into a fluid containing the active material into the interior of the electrode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a separator for use with a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a separator    separator (3)    contact protrusions (65,75)    fluid channels (6a,7a)    .
NOVELTY - Petroleum coke or asphalt coke as material is activated by KOH activator to produce active carbon powder with high specific area, which is then mixed with adhesive in the ratio of 1:0.3-0.6, and the mixture pressed to form at 20-130degreesC and 50-320 MPa, carbonated at 700-1000degreesC and activated at 700-1000degreesC by vapor or CO2 to produce formed active carbon with high specific area. The formed active carbon has a methane adsorbing amount of 140-170 V/V at 26degreesC and 3.5 MPa and 190-240 V/V at 5.5 MPa. The present invention provides condition for large-scale application of the active carbon in adsorbing and storing methane.
NOVELTY - A method for removing organic molecules selected from organic chemical molecules and biological agents, from a liquid waste solution, is new.    USE - The method is used to process waste solutions containing organic chemicals, biohazardous agents and other hazardous or environmentally undesirable agents from liquid waste solutions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for removing organic molecules selected from organic chemical molecules and biological agents, from a liquid waste solution comprises:    (a) contacting the liquid waste solution with a solid phase binder comprising a magnetizable particle binder to form a magentizable particle binder:organic molecule complex; and    (b) separating the complex from the liquid waste solution to remove the organic molecules from the liquid waste solution.
NOVELTY - Waste water with high sludge concentration, feces and urine are mixed in sludge adjusting process followed by adding a flocculent such that sludge is aggregated to form aggregated waste water. Sludge is concentrated, sludge and waste water are separated, concentrated sludge is subjected to methane fermentation and organic substance contained in separated water is processed biologically.    USE - For processing organic waste water contaminated with urine and feces.    ADVANTAGE - Installation and operation cost of apparatus are reduced. Phosphorus and oil components are simultaneously removed. Methane recovered from sludge is effectively used as fuel and energy conservation is enabled. Installation area is reduced and sludge is processed efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of processing apparatus of organic waste water.
NOVELTY - The fuel battery has multiple cells (C') with oxygen pole (2) and fuel electrode in a chamber (B). Hydrocarbon gas from nozzle (12a) and gas exhausted from oxygen pole are mixed. The mixed gas is supplied through multiple stream lines (8) of fuel electrode. A suction portion (12s) of mixer sucks gas from chamber (Fe) and gas is supplied to route (Fi) through outlet (12e).    USE - Fuel electrode.    ADVANTAGE - Internal modification is performed adequately resulting in simplification and size reduction of fuel battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The inlet and outlet of fuel electrode stream lines are in contact with supply route and chamber (Fe).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of fuel battery.    Oxygen pole (2)    Multiple stream lines (8)    Nozzle (12a)    Outlet (12e)    Suction portion (12s)    Chamber (B)    Multiple cells (C')
NOVELTY - A mixture containing a plant residue, one or more polymerisates which absorb water and/or aqueous liquids (and optionally water), is new.    USE - The mixture is useful not only for the storage and transport, but also for the further processing of residues which result during the processing of plant materials. It can also be used as a depot material, combustion additive, soil improver, fertilizer, soil substrate or raw material for the production of polysaccharides, especially xanthan gum. Further, it can be used to obtain other substances, especially phenolic compounds, e.g. caffeic acid, vanillic acid, p-coumarin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and homovanillic acid, from the plant residue by extraction with an organic solvent and/or steam distillation.    ADVANTAGE - The mixture facilitates the disposal of plant residues which otherwise are not only expensive and difficult to handle, but also pose environmental problems as they are present in the form of suspensions and decompose rapidly to give harmful degradation products and an unpleasant smell. Decomposition of the mixture does not occur over a period of several weeks.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of the mixture.
NOVELTY - A mixture containing an optionally comminuted plant residue originating from oil production, one or more polymerisates which absorb water and/or aqueous liquids (and optionally water), is new.    USE - The mixture is useful not only for the storage and transport, but also for the further processing of the residues which result in the production of plant oils. It can also be used as a depot material, combustion additive, soil improver, fertilizer, soil substrate or raw material for the production of polysaccharides, especially xanthan gum. Further, it can be used to obtain other substances, especially phenolic compounds, e.g. caffeic acid, vanillic acid, p-coumarin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and homovanillic acid, from the plant residue by extraction with an organic solvent and/or steam distillation.    ADVANTAGE - The mixture facilitates the disposal of plant residues which otherwise are not only expensive and difficult to handle, but also pose environmental problems as they are present in the form of suspensions and decompose rapidly to give harmful degradation products and an unpleasant smell. Decomposition of the mixture does not occur over a period of several weeks.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of the mixture.
NOVELTY - The complete set of equipment for comprehensive treatment of city garbage is composed of separation equipment in pretreatment, unit type fermentation bin for fermentation treatment, wet grinder for post-treatment, and rotary drum thermal pelleting equipment for producing organic composite granular fertilizer and exhaust system equipment placed in the above mentioned three processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The complete set of equipment for comprehensive treatment of city garbage is composed of separation equipment in pretreatment, unit type fermentation bin for fermentation treatment, wet grinder for post-treatment, and rotary drum thermal pelleting equipment for producing organic composite granular fertilizer and exhaust system equipment placed in the above mentioned three processes. This complete set of equipment for treating city organic garbage not only combines incineration, burying, compost into one body, but also realizes the utilization of natural resource garbage to obtain final product fertilizer. It reduces the levels of pollution such as waste gas, waste water, off-odor, dust to environment.
NOVELTY - Preparation of at least two organic products from a synthesis gas involves converting two synthesis gas feeds to two organic products and by-products; separating the first and/or second by-product from, respectively, the first and/or second organic product; and mixing the separated first and/or second by-product with, respectively, the second and/or first organic product.    USE - For the preparation of at least two organic products from a synthesis gas.    ADVANTAGE - The invention separates the by-products from the main product of a synthesis process, and is used in an economically viable way.
NOVELTY - Several fuel cell stacks are externally coupled to the support structure (10) which has several passages. The passages are used to access the fuel cell stacks, when they are coupled to the support structure.    USE - For supporting and accessing fuel cell stacks in fuel cell assembly employed in automotive aerospace, industrial environments.    ADVANTAGE - The unconsumed fuel can be recirculated to the inlet of the fuel cell stack by the action of pump or blower powered from an external source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell stacks comprises several piston exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The passages guide hydrogen, water and at least one of air and oxygen into and out of the PEM fuel cells. The structure includes several openings for coupling to external power system components. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) fuel cell power system;    (b) method of constructing and operating fuel cell power system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of fuel cell stack supporting and accessing apparatus.    Structure (10)
NOVELTY - Fuel battery stack (4) generates electricity using hydrocarbon group fuel and reforming raw material which has water is supplied from modifier (3). The water collectors (9a,9b) collect condensed water from modifier and the heating gas is ejected from gas pipeline (14) to gas pipeline (16). The collected water is then recycled.    USE - For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The collected water is recycled without reducing the property of fuel battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of fuel battery.    modifier (3)    fuel battery stack (4)    water collectors (9a,9b)    gas pipelines (14,16)
NOVELTY - Stir blades (20) are set in the radius of gyration direction at regular intervals on a rotation shaft (2) coaxial or parallel to an axial line direction inside a treatment tank. The mutually adjacent stir blades are offset by a fixed angle in opposite directions so that the leading ends of the stir blades may exist on a spiral line around the rotation shaft.    USE - For stir processing of organic waste containing lumps of organic waste among particulate materials.    ADVANTAGE - The stirring efficiency improves, since the stirred object is stirred by the effect of a circulation movement in the cavity with blades set offset in opposite direction so that their leading ends may exist on a spiral line around the rotation shaft. The resistance to movement of stir blades is reduced and a weight reduction of stir blades can be achieved. The consumption of energy at the time of driving can be reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The treatment tank has an oblong cavity which receives the particulate material and lumps of an organic waste. The rotation drive of the stir blades is performed within the treatment tank to stir the organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of stir equipment.    Rotation shaft (2)    Stir blades (20)
NOVELTY - A controller (C) which controls a motor (4) for driving the rotation shaft (2) of stir blades (20) within a treatment tank (1) based on operation signal, performs a preset rotation until specific stir blade in an inner region under the insertion opening (12) of the tank moves to a position separated from the insertion opening and then stops the motor when a signal for stoppage is input.    USE - For stir processing of organic refuse containing lumps of organic refuse among particulate material.    ADVANTAGE - The fear of receiving a damage by the leading end portion of a specific stir blade remaining under the insertion opening during the insertion of organic refuse can be eliminated, since a predetermined rotation of the motor is performed until the specific stir blade is moved to a position separated from the insertion opening before stopping against a stoppage signal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The treatment tank has an oblong hollow portion where the particulate material or lumps of an organic waste are received. The rotation shaft is mounted parallel to the axial line of the treatment tank. The stir blades are radially prolonged from the rotation shaft to constitute a stir mechanism to stir the organic waste inserted from the insertion opening.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of stir processing equipment.    Treatment tank (1)    Rotation shaft (2)    Motor (4)    Insertion opening (12)    Stir blade (20)    Controller (C)
NOVELTY - Use of a microorganism involves using organic substance fertilizer and soil process microbe S5 on the soil, and treating the disease insects and disease microbes which live in the soil. Alternatively, process microbe S6 for paddy fields is used.    USE - For paddy fields, where the base material is useful in the planter cultivation for home horticulture, an insect pest microbe process of grass soil (claimed). For removing illness insect pest microbe.    ADVANTAGE - A disease insect and a disease microbe are removable without using a chemical pesticide. The illness insect pest microbe of the grass soil of a golf course is exterminated and soil improvement is performed.
NOVELTY - A fuel modifier comprises modified pipe (2), burner (1), combustion exhaust gas flow path (4) and heat insulation layer (53) for insulating high temperature periphery portion. At least a portion of flow path wall of flow path (4) is composed of heat insulating layer. Layer (53) is enclosed by heat insulating enclosure member (70) and maintained in airtight condition.    USE - For fuel batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The heat insulation enclosure member prevents deterioration and damage of fuel modifier. The small-sized, lightweight fuel modifier is reliable and durable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel modifier comprises a modified pipe, burner, combustion exhaust gas flow path and heat insulation layer for insulating the high temperature periphery portion. The burner utilizes the combustion exhaust gas and heats the modified raw material such as natural gas, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and hydrogen rich gas, passing through modifying pipe and modifies the raw material by passing through catalyst layer (3). At least one portion of the flow path wall lower part of combustion exhaust gas flow path is composed of heat insulating layer and the periphery of the heat insulating layer is surrounded by heat insulation layer enclosure member, maintaining the layer in airtight condition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of fuel modifier.    Burner (1)    Modified pipe (2)    Catalyst layer (3)    Combustion exhaust gas flow path (4)    Heat insulating layer (53)    Heat insulation layer enclosure member (70)
NOVELTY - The adsorption agent for adsorbing 1-4C hydrocarbon gas consists of inorganic and/or organic type mesoporous substance and substantially contains an organic group and/or a functional group in a pore wall surface.    USE - The hydrocarbon gas adsorption agent is used to adsorb 1-4C hydrocarbon gas (claimed) such as methane and to store inside motor vehicle for use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - A hydrocarbon gas adsorption agent with ability to store large amount of methane and other low hydrocarbon gas in the limited storage space like a motor vehicle is provided. The gas adsorption ability per volume of the hydrocarbon gas adsorption agent is excellent. Under condition such as less than normal pressure and temperature, the lower hydrocarbon gas is in gaseous state and is adsorbed reversibly.
NOVELTY - Anaerobic digestion of organic sludge, involves performing mechanical crushing and digestion of the sludge, alternatively twice.    USE - The method is used for digesting sewage sludge and industrial waste water sludge to increase the generation of methane which is used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of organic sludge, sludge reclamation cost and size of the apparatus are reduced and the generation of methane is increased, compared to previous methods.
NOVELTY - Phosphorus present in the waste water such as sewage, human and industrial waste is removed by contacting water with microorganism Actinomycetaceae during initial stage of disinfection process.    USE - For waste water treatment such as sewage, human waste and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism actinomycetaceae takes up the phosphorus and calcium and metabolizes it forming calcium phosphate crystals by calcification process, which can be later removed efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for removal of phosphorus.
NOVELTY - In anaerobic biological treatment method, the acid formation unit and methanation unit are separated. When pH of acid formation unit reduces to a predetermined value, a portion or all of treated water from methanation unit returns to an acid formation unit and the acid formation unit is maintained in optimum pH range.    USE - For treating waste water containing organic solid substance.    ADVANTAGE - pH is maintained within optimum range in both acid formation and methanation units. Processing of waste water containing high concentration of solid substance is performed efficiently.
NOVELTY - A composter for household and garden waste comprising a container (1) with an opening (18) for adding waste, is new.    USE - The composter is useful for composting household and garden waste.    ADVANTAGE - The system keeps the waste material circulating without being labor-intensive and facilitates removal of material which has already composted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composter for household and garden waste comprising a container (1) with an opening (18) for adding waste, is new. The container has two flat surfaces with a common edge and supports (A, B) along the edges which are opposite this. The two flat surfaces have holes for drainage and the composter can be pivoted about a support (19) along the common edge so that two sections (20a, 20 b) of the container can be fed with waste as required.    The opening for feeding waste can be closed to give the upper surface of the composter an unbroken profile. The flat surfaces preferably form an angle of not more than 120 degrees. Aerating devices may be fitted to the flat walls.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the composter.    container (1)    Opening for adding waste material (18)    Central support for pivoting composter (19)    Sections of composting space (20a, 20b)    Supports at end of sides (A, B)
NOVELTY - The system has one fuel gas generating and air preheating subsystem with a air preheating circular fluid bed; one fuel gas purifying subsystem comprising cyclonic separator, Venturi tube and scouring tower; and one sewage treating and circulating subsystem with sewage treating pool, etc. The unique design makes the system capable of treating several kinds of waste material including sawdust, rice husk, straw, bagasse, etc. solely or simultaneously in low water consumption and high heat efficiency.
NOVELTY - The digestion process is in two consequent stages. The first stage is carried out in a high rate digester with complete mixing of media and min. retention time and the second stage is carried out in a secondary consequent flow digester in the same temp. mode. The raw sludge enters the high rate digester and partly digested sludge flows to the consequent flow digester which is shaped in a form of a spiral channel with an outer wall (1) and bio-gas outlet (7).    USE - For anaerobic digestion of organic waste such as sewage sludge and livestock manure.    ADVANTAGE - Non-given    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The digester has a light inner vertical wall (2,3) which guides the sludge from the intake (6) to the internal cylindrical compartment and then to the discharge port (5). Part of the digested sludge from the secondary digester is directed to primary high rate digester. The first stage digestion is acidogenic and methanogenic carried out in two separate vessels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of a secondary digester    Outer wall (1)    Vertical wall (2,3)    Discharge port (5)    Intake (6)    Bio-gas outlet (7)
NOVELTY - Aerobic fermentation (I) for producing an end product from an organic material mass (II) involves injecting a measured weight of oxygen into (II) (which has a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 20:1 - 40:1 and a moisture content of 40-65% by weight), for varying and controlled periods of time to promote the growth of thermophilic aerobic bacteria and adding supplements usable by the bacteria.    USE - The end product of (I) is useful as an animal feed ingredients (such as cattle feed, pig feed, turkey feed, dog food, fish feed, feed for broiler chicken), fertilizer ingredients, bases or fillers for feed or fertilizer premixes, absorbents for liquid spills or for chemicals produced by (I), such as the oxidized citrus oils and starches or soluble plant fiber.    ADVANTAGE - The organic form of the end products of (I) have a higher nutritive value to animal, avian and fish species than the original supplemental nutrients. The end product of (I) is a plant food and maintains its nutritive value over a longer period than the supplemental nutrients (claimed). The end product of (I) is free of pathogenic bacteria, such as coli and salmonella, viable parasites, such as coccidia and viable weed seeds as temperature and acidity are sufficient to destroy them. The end product normally has no smell if it has been made from a mixture of materials. Some single ingredient ferments, such as citrus press cake, produce an end product that may have a slight smell similar to their original pre-fermented smell.
A fuel-cell battery includes a fuel-cell stack and a heating arrangement, in which at least one line is provided from the heating arrangement to the stack, so that the heat can be coupled out of the heating arrangement into the stack. The heating facility is specifically a reformer and/or part of a reformer system, and the line is part of a circulation system that contains a heat conveyance medium.    More specifically, the heating arrangement comprises a catalytic burner.    USE -   Phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC)-based fuel cell battery for low- and medium-temperature use.    ADVANTAGE -   Improved cold-start performance i.e. low-temperature cold starting of battery possible without greatly increased demand on process gas.
NOVELTY - Aerobic microbial degradation of cogeners which is easily adaptable to PCB-contaminated environments.    USE - Used for degrading mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls which occur as contaminants in soil and aquifers.    ADVANTAGE - PCB'S undergo reductive dechlorination under anaerobic conditions, leading to the transformation of the more-chlorinated congeners to less-chlorinated congeners usually leaving the biphenyl ring intact. The method is therefore simple, rapid, and easily adaptable to PCB-contaminated environments and economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Degrading a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyl's (PCB'S) having an average of 3 - 6 chlorine atoms per biphenyl and containing upto 60 wt.% of chlorine atoms, in a soil comprises:    (a) growing Phanerochaete chrysosporium in a medium consisting essentially of 56 mM glucose of a first carbon source and 24 mM of ammonium ion of a first nitrogen sources under nutrient-rich, non-ligninolytic conditions, which growing is without producing lignin peroxidase and Mn(II)-dependent peroxidases, before addition of Phanerochaete chrysosporium to the soil;    (b) mixing a second carbon source and nitrogen source and Phanerochaete chrysosporium of step (a) with the soil under the same conditions as in step (a);    (c) degrading the mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls in the soil with the Phanerochaete chrysosporium to degrade the PCB's in the soil under the nutrient-rich non-ligninolytic conditions in the soil.
NOVELTY - Extraction of oil from oleaginous plant or their residues comprises enzyme kinetic analysis of plant to determine the predominant polysaccharide among cellulose and/or pectin and/or starch, subjecting the solid part of plant that contains oil embedded by macro-molecular polysaccharide as integument, to an enzyme attack to lyse a polysaccharide and recovering the oil by mechanical treatment.    USE - For extracting oil from oleaginous plants for such as cotton, maize, soya, rape etc., food use.    ADVANTAGE - Recovery using solvent-based extraction is not required. This process using enzyme attack is advantageous from the environment point of view, is economically convenient and has high extraction yield. Recycling of the residues and byproducts obtained by this process is possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - the Figure shows the following :    Tank (1)    Bioreactor (2)    Fermentation Reactor (2B,2C)    Centrifuge (3)    Biological Membrane (4)    Paste Mixer (5)    Ultrasound Treatment (13)
NOVELTY - Composition contains activated sludge from secondary settling basin of biological water treatment plants in amount of 0.2-1.0 wt.%, water, and additionally polydimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride amounting to 0.02-0.05 wt.%. Water may be used in the form of biochemically treated sewage water.    USE - Oil-producing industry; applicable in oil production by microbiological methods.    ADVANTAGE - Increased oil displacement ability of composition due to increase of its biological activity.
NOVELTY - Gasoline are processed under catalytic reforming conditions and products are separated into gas fraction (hydrogen and 1-4C hydrocarbons) and liquid high-octane fraction. From the latter, 1-5C hydrocarbon gases are removed in rectification column and recycled into reforming zone to be reprocessed.    USE - Motor fuels.    ADVANTAGE - Increased yield of liquid high-octane component by 3-6%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recycling 1-5C hydrocarbon gas is combined with additional amounts of 3-5C hydrocarbon gases from outside source composed of mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
NOVELTY - Separator (20) has convex portions (40) forming the flow path for fluids such as heating gas, oxidation gas and cooling medium and changing the fluid flow direction. Convex portions, bending ribs (42a-42d) and flow path formation ribs (34,36,38) are integrally formed on the surface of the separator.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Supplies heating gas and oxidation gas equally and improves battery property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the separator for fuel battery.    Separator (20)    Flow path formation ribs (34,36,38)    Convex portion (40)    Bending ribs (42a-42d)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide (CO) in modified hydrogen is transformed in the presence of high activity catalyst and oxygen at predetermined temperature by CO transformation A and reduction is carried out to predetermined value. Transformation and removal of CO remained in modified hydrogen after CO reduction is carried out in the presence of low activity catalyst at predetermined temperature by CO transformation B.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen useful for fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Regeneration of CO is prevented by reverse shift reaction. The modified hydrogen by CO transformer provides high efficiency battery. A compact hydrogen generator with high heat energy is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (i) CO transformer, which comprises an introductory line (13) for introducing modified hydrogen connected to CO transformation part A (18) for transforming CO in modified hydrogen and an unit for supplying oxygen to CO transformation part B (22) through transfer line; (ii) Hydrogen generator (10), which comprises modified part (12) for modifying hydrocarbon raw material to form modified hydrogen, CO transformation part (14), a piping for providing hydrocarbon raw material and air piping.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire composition of hydrogen generator.    Hydrogen generator (10)    Modified part (12)    Introductory line (13)    CO transformer part (14)    Co transformation part A (18)    CO transformer part B (22)
NOVELTY - The modifier is equipped with a modifying part which converts methanol or dimethyl ether to hydrogen using a modifying catalyst. The modifying part consists of a corrugated fin (2) pinched between modifying catalyst sheets (1,3) comprising copper and zinc as modifying catalyst. The raw material gas is made to pass through the corrugated fin.    USE - For movable fuel battery used for electric vehicles and general power supply.    ADVANTAGE - The modifier consists of catalyst thin sheet and corrugated fin therefore, time for filling is shortened. The methanol and dimethyl ether can be effectively converted to hydrogen. The modifier is compact. The CO concentration can be reduced effectively. The gas seal sheet prevents short circuit leakage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow path sectional drawing and composition of catalyst thin film laminate.    Modifying sheets (1,2)    Corrugated fin (2)    Seal sheet (5)
NOVELTY - Compostable sludges are aerated by the addition of hollow tubes to sludge which provide adequate oxygen to allow composting to commence.    USE - For aeration of compostable sludges by providing adequate oxygen for the composting to commence.    ADVANTAGE - The process improves the aeration of compostable sludges that have insufficient porosity to allow adequate oxygen supply to reach the whole bulk of the sludge.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system for generating electrical energy from a fuel gas produced in a steam reformer includes a compressor for pressurizing the oxidizing gas supply to the reformer.    USE - The system is useful for generating electrical energy from hydrocarbon-based fuels, e.g. methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The second compressor overcomes the pressure drop in the steam reformer, ensuring that the exit gas from the fuel cell is under sufficient pressure to be supplied to the combustion unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell system comprises:    (a) a fuel cell for generating electrical energy from a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas;    (b) a combustion unit for burning the exit gas from the fuel cell;    (c) an oxidizing gas supply unit comprising a first compressor coupled to a turbine driven by the exhaust gas from the combustion unit, for pressurizing the oxidizing gas and supplying it to the fuel cell;    (d) a steam reformer for converting a hydrocarbon-based fuel to fuel gas; and    (e) a second compressor for further compressing part of the pressurized oxidizing gas and supplying it to the steam reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel cell system of the solid polymer electrolyte type.    Steam reformer (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Combustion unit (3)    Turbine (41)    First compressor (43)    Second compressor. (51)
NOVELTY - A thermal decomposer for waste comprises a heating chamber, an inlet for charging in waste, at least 1 pair of electrodes installed in the heating chamber, a light emitting heating body which is formed of a plurality of spherical bodies for light emitting heating body composed of mainly carbon and provided between the electrodes so that electric discharge is produced when a voltage is applied, and an outlet for removing decomposition gas produced by the thermal decomposition of waste to the outside of the heating chamber. It will not generate harmful substances such as hydrogen chloride, dioxins and nitrogen oxides, only low-molecular substances and not even soot.    USE - The apparatus is decomposing wastes e.g. waste plastics, infective medical materials, spent oil and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal decomposer will not generate harmful substances such as hydrogen chloride, dioxins and nitrogen oxides, only low-molecular substances and not even soot.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thermal decomposer for waste comprises a heating chamber, an inlet for charging in waste, at least 1 pair of electrodes installed in the heating chamber, a light emitting heating body which is formed of a plurality of spherical bodies for light emitting heating body composed of mainly carbon and provided between the electrodes so that electric discharge is produced when a voltage is applied, and an outlet for removing decomposition gas produced by the thermal decomposition of waste to the outside of the heating chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Side view of a thermal decomposer for wastes.    Four-layered outer wall (11)    gas outlet (21)    carbon electrode (30)    light emitting heating bodies (40)
NOVELTY - Methane is converted to ethane and ethylene through oxidative coupling of methane and carbon conservation. Methane is contacted with an oxygen-containing stream with an oxidative coupling catalyst to form solid carbonate compounds in an oxidative coupling reactor to produce an effluent containing methane, ethane, and ethylene.    USE - To convert methane to ethane and ethylene.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon oxide by-products are separated from the desired product and are ultimately recycled in the form of methane, ultimately increasing product yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Conversion of methane to ethane and ethylene comprises contacting, under oxidative coupling conditions, methane and oxygen-containing stream with an oxidative coupling catalyst in an oxidative coupling reactor (8) to produce an effluent containing at least methane, ethane, ethylene, carbon oxides, carbon monoxides, and carbon dioxide. The effluent is passed to an adsorption unit containing an adsorbent to selectively adsorb the carbon oxides to produce a stream containing methane, ethane, or ethylene. The carbon oxides are desorbed from the adsorbent using hydrogen to generate a stream containing hydrogen and carbon oxides. In a methanation reactor (14), the stream containing hydrogen and carbon oxides are contacted with a methanation catalyst to produce a stream containing methane and water. These streams are then separated to form a stream containing dried methane, which is then recycled to the oxidative coupling reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation depicting a catalyst that is chosen to form stable solid carbonate with the carbon oxide by-products of the oxidative coupling reaction, the oxidative coupling reaction zone being operated in the swing bed mode.    Oxidative coupling reactor (8)    Methanation reactor (14)
NOVELTY - Assembling a consortium of specific degraders of a xenobiotic compound (A) involves incubating a first population of microorganisms isolated from a first source containing (A) or its structural homologs under conditions for growth with media containing (A) as a carbon source and screening for the ability of the population to initiate degradation of (A).    USE - The degraders are used for degrading a xenobiotic compound e.g. polychlorobiphenyls and coal tars in a contaminated matrix (claimed) and for bioremediation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Assembling a consortium of specific degraders of a xenobiotic compound (A) comprises:    (1) incubating a first population of microorganisms isolated from a first source containing (A) or its structural homologs under conditions for growth with media containing (A) as a carbon source;    (2) screening for the ability of the population to initiate degradation of (A);    (3) identifying an accumulating intermediate in the degradation pathway of (I);    (4) incubating a second population of microorganisms isolated from a source containing the accumulating intermediate in the xenobiotic degradation pathway identified in step (3) or its structural homologs under conditions for growth with media containing the accumulating intermediate as a carbon source;    (5) screening for the ability of the second population of microorganisms to degrade the accumulating intermediate;    (6) optionally repeating steps (4) and (5) to identify additional accumulating intermediates and populations of microorganisms which specifically degrade additional accumulating intermediates and    (7) combining the populations of microorganisms identified in the preceding steps as participants in the pathway of degradation of (A) under conditions for the integration of the populations into a single consortium of specific degraders of the xenobiotic compound of interest.
NOVELTY - Manure consists of a compost obtained by fermenting organic substances and porous baked substances whose surface is coated with ceramic. The compost and the porous baked substances are mixed in the volume ratio of 30-70:70-30.    USE - The manure is used as a fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The manure has excellent soil improvement effect and can be cheaply manufactured by effective recycling of waste resources. This also reduces the amount of carbon-dioxide generated during waste disposal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the manure, comprising mixing organic substances containing 70-85% of water component with porous baked substances coated with ceramic in the volume ratio of 100:40-80 and fermenting.
NOVELTY - A soil conditioner comprising Japanese apricot charcoal powder is new.    USE - The soil conditioner is used as a fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Unfertile soil is fertilized by using the soil conditioner, improving the plant growth.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises a hydrogen generating unit supplied with water condensed from the generated hydrogen gas and/or from the cathode off-gas.    USE - The fuel cell system is especially useful as an electric vehicle fuel cell system with an integral hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative steam reformer for hydrogen generation.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides extremely efficient water utilization to provide good dynamic properties under fluctuating load conditions and, if required, can have a relatively compact construction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell system has a water recovery system (13, 15, 16) for condensing water from the process gas delivered by a hydrogen generating unit and/or from the fuel cell cathode off-gas and for returning the condensed water into the water supply system (9, 10a, 10b, 10c) of the hydrogen generating unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to the invention.    Fuel cell (1)    Fuel cell membrane (2)    Fuel cell anode (3)    Fuel cell cathode (4)    Product gas line (5)    Conversion reactor (6)    Shift reactor (7)    Hydrogen separation membrane (7b)    Water tank (9)    Conversion reactor water feed line (10a)    Shift reactor water feed line (10b)    Cathode water feed line (10c)    First condenser (13)    Second condenser (15)    Water return line (16)    Common cooling circuit (17)    First heat exchanger (20)    Residual gas expansion unit (21)    Product gas pump unit (22)    Second heat exchanger (23)    Mixer unit (24)    Catalytic combustion unit (27)    Combustion gas expansion unit (28)    Air feed pump unit (29, 30)
NOVELTY - Consolidating natural fertilizers of finely divided plant material comprises binding and/or agglomeration to avoid dust formation and danger of explosion.    USE - The method is used for treating fertilizers based on finely divided plant materials (leaves, stems, straw, etc.) obtained as residues from the processing of plant materials such as cereals, hemp, flax, sunflowers, etc. The natural fertilizer may be used as a carrier for growth promoting non-plant-based fertilizers and active agents.    ADVANTAGE - The treated fertilizer is easy to handle and is free from dust formation and the danger of explosion.
NOVELTY - The clean fuel includes (wt.%) 1-2% of propane, 2-8% of butane and 90-95% of pentane.    USE - For internal-combustion engines of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The clean fuel is in a liquid state at normal temperature and normal pressure, when it is used, it can be fully combusted, and its exhaust gas is below 7% of gasoline or diesel oil, it is easy and convenient for transportation, storage, use, and is safe and reliable, and low in cost.
NOVELTY - A method for dehydrating flocculent deposit of wastewater produced in the course of gourment powder production, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for dehydrating flocculent deposit of wastewater produced in the course of gourment powder production comprises polyacrylamide as amendment, natural plant cellulose as filter aid, and utilizes continuous band press-filter to make mechanical dehydration. The separated filter cake has a water content of 58%,then the cake is inoculated with effective microbial population (EM) to achieve fermentation, and the fermentation product can be used as feed protein. According to said invention, it can make large-scale continuous dehydration of flocculent deposit, its filter cake is easy to store and transport, the filtrate is clear, and is favourable for further treatment, and the cake can be inoculated with effective microbial population (EM) to make fermentation, and the protein content of fermentation product is high, can be up to about 40%.
NOVELTY - A turbulent burner (18) is fitted in the combustion chamber. Some of the gas from the combustion chamber is treated in a post-combustion chamber (25), while the rest is fed into the thermolysis chamber. An oxygen supply (22) to the burner is controlled to produce combustion gases which are depleted of free oxygen at the combustion chamber outlet.    USE - Thermolysis of industrial or urban waste.    ADVANTAGE - Control of the oxygen input allows control of the burner regardless of the calorific value of the waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus has a thermolysis chamber (12) for the waste in direct contact with a hot gas, an inlet line (14) for the hot gas into the chamber, an outlet line (16) for the gases in the chamber, and a combustion chamber (19) connected to the outlet line to allow the gases from the thermolysis chamber to be burned and to the inlet line to feed combustion gases into the thermolysis chamber. A feed line (22) supplies oxygen preheated to a set temperature to the burner. The thermolysis chamber is a furnace with an inlet for the waste which can be sealed shut; an outlet for the solid residues which can also be sealed shut, a means for receiving a stationary load of waste in the furnace, a means of introducing recycled thermolysis gases into the furnace, directly into the waste, and an outlet for the thermolysis gases.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the apparatus with waste carried out on trolleys    Trolley (11)    Thermolysis chamber or furnace (12)    Gas inlet (14)    Gas outlet (16)    Turbulent burner (18)    Combustion chamber (19)    Oxygen feed line (22)    Heat exchanger (23)    Heat exchanger (24)    Post-combustion chamber (25)    Steam generator (36)    Cooling unit (44)    Combustion chamber (58)    Steam generator (59)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide conversion apparatus for fuel cells has a reaction vessel having gas outlet and inlet containing a catalyst comprising at least platinum or palladium on a support having basic spots on the surface.    USE - The converter can be used for instantaneously carrying out a starting operation for modifying a gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and steam so the carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide while generating hydrogen. The fuel cell generating system is effective in e.g. domestic or vehicle power sources.    ADVANTAGE - The modification treatment can be carried out at increased temperature. The operation which prevents inhibition of the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen with carbon monoxide is performed effectively and instantly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell generating system comprising a reformer which converts raw material fuel to hydrogen-rich reformed gas, a carbon monoxide converter as above into which reformed gas from the reformer is introduced, and a fuel cell having fuel electrodes into which reformed gas from the reformer is introduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a drawing showing the carbon monoxide converter used in the fuel cell generating system.    Carbon Monoxide Converter (40)    Reactor (41)    Gas Supply Tube (42)    Gas Exhaust Tube (43)    Plates (441, 442)    Catalyst (45)    Cooling Coil (46)
NOVELTY - A bisglycoluril derivative of specified formula is used to selectively separate methane from carbon dioxide rich gas streams by forming a complex.    USE - For processing natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient and economic method as compared to the prior art techniques which use absorption/desorption or cyrogenic fractionation techniques to separate CO2.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Separation of methane from carbon dioxide rich gas stream comprises: contacting the gas stream with a compound of formula (I) to form a complex; and isolating the complex.    R = optionally substituted phenyl, amine, N-substituted phenyl, amine, N-substituted amine, carboxy, aldehyde, hydroxy, hydrogen or carboalkoxy.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the compound of formula(I).
NOVELTY - Composition consisting of: (a) polymer or copolymer comprising: terpolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam and an ammonium derivative monomer, copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl caprolactam or homopolymer of vinyl caprolactam; and (b) 3-5C alcohol containing one hydroxy group, . is added in 0.1-3 wt.% to a fluid comprising water and a hydrocarbon, which is transported through a conduit    USE - For transport of fluids e.g. oils and gases, especially low hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, isobutane and natural gas, through a conduit e.g. a pipeline.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently prevents or retards the formation of gas hydrates or the tendency of gas hydrates to agglomerate, during transport of a fluid through a conduit. (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preventing or retarding the formation of gas hydrates or for reducing tendency of gas hydrates to agglomerate, during transport of a fluid comprising water and a hydrocarbon through a conduit, involves adding a specific composition to the fluid in 0.1-3 wt.% of water in the fluid. The composition consists of:    (a) 20-50 weight% (wt.%) of a polymer or a copolymer comprising:    (i) a terpolymer of 17-32 wt.% vinyl pyrrolidone, 65-80 wt.% of vinyl caprolactam and 3-6 wt.%of an ammonium derivative monomer consisting of 6-12C (dialkyl aminoalkyl methacrylamide, dialkyl dialkenyl ammonium halide or dialkylamino alkyl (meth)acrylate),    (ii) a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl caprolactam, or    (iii) a homopolymer of vinyl caprolactam, and    (b) a 3-5C alcohol (as the remaining portion) containing one hydroxy group, namely, propyl alcohol, sec. butyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, tert. butyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol or 1-pentanol.
NOVELTY - Apparatus consists of a pulverization portion (2) where organic refuse (1) mixed with water is pulverized, a solid liquid separator (3) and degradation tanks (4,5) for separately processing liquid and solid portion of organic refuse by microorganisms.    USE - For processing domestic and industrial organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is compact and organic refuse is degraded effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of organic refuse processing.    Organic refuse (1)    Pulverization portion (2)    Solid liquid separator (3)    Degradation tanks (4,5)
NOVELTY - A laminate (14) has a number of cells (4) with separator (12) inbetween. A gas seal (16) is supported between the separators. The separator has an internal manifold for anode gas and the side (3a) of the cathode (3) opposes through the gap between the separator and communicates to the exterior.    USE - In fuel battery stack.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces pressure loss and seal structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel battery stack has an cell laminate which is surrounded by a gas duct (20). Cathode gas is supplied from one side of the cathode through the gap between the separators of cell to another side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of fuel battery stack.    Cathode (3)    Side (3a)    Cells (4)    Separator (12)    Laminate (14)    Gas seal (16)    Gas duct (20)
NOVELTY - Biodegradation (I) of organic refuse comprises decomposing organic refuse by Japanese cedar timber chips and deodorizing the bad smell from the organic refuse by Bacillus megaterium bacteria grown on the timber chips.    USE - (I) is used for organic refuse (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Decomposition and deodorization of organic waste is performed satisfactorily. Since the organic waste is decomposed quickly and efficiently, no special apparatus for deodorization is needed.
NOVELTY - A decomposition medium for an organic refuse process comprises a microorganism performing the organic refuse decomposition in a fiber assembly of inorganic fiber or organic fiber.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The degradation medium has free optimum water retention required for decomposition medium, water component vaporizable ability and durability. The injection adherence of various decomposition microbe is performed suitably. The microorganism recycle the organic refuse by increasing the decomposition efficiency or by using high biodegradable fiber. The organic refuse processing apparatus performs the decomposition process efficiently in a short period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an organic refuse processing apparatus comprising fiber assembly consisting of organic and inorganic fiber as decomposition medium for organic refuse process by microorganism.
NOVELTY - A mixture of specific microorganisms and raw paper material is used to manufacture paper (4). The paper formed is reinforced with natural fiber (obtained using mixture of specific microorganism and food raw material such as algae, agar, potato and grain) or coated with coating material solution containing specific microorganism, to form paper board.    USE - For manufacture of flat paper board.    ADVANTAGE - The flat paper board container effectively performs composting of refuse, without generating harmful gases and thereby not polluting the environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of flat paper board.    Paper (4)    Coating material layers (5,6)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprises a treatment tank (1) to which an organic refuse is supplied. A stirring unit is provided for mixing the refuse with an microorganism. A heater (20) decomposes putrefactive smell generated from the treatment tank by heating.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Leakage of bad odors into the environment is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the different parts of a organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Heater (20)
NOVELTY - Organic substance processing apparatus comprises a processing chamber containing carrier and organic substance. A ventilating fan ejects air into the processing chamber in which microorganism is processed. A circuit connects the upper and down stream and the capacity of air flown inside is adjusted by an unit.    USE - For processing organic substances such as garbage by microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The displacement of air is adjusted by the circuit without stopping the exhaust thereby preventing the entry of insects. The adjustment unit of lid provided to the opening prevents the generation of noise. Further the pressure in the circuit can be maintained by adjusting the aperture area. The increasing pressure at the junction of the circuit prevents the leaking of odor. The cross section of the apparatus is adjusted based on the moisture content.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic substance processing apparatus comprises a processing chamber (1) containing a carrier (4) and organic substance. A stirrer (15) and heater (5) are provided to the chamber. An exhaust outlet (22) is connected to the outer air, is equipped to a case (38), which covers the chamber. An exhaust-steam path connects the exhaust outlet and inside of the chamber. A ventilating fan removes air from the chamber. Two openings are provided to an upper and down stream side of the ventilation fan. A circuit connects the upper and down stream. The capacity of air flown inside is adjusted by an unit (35).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of organic substance processing apparatus.    Processing chamber (1)    Carrier (4)    Heater (5)    Stirrer (15)    Exhaust outlet (22)    Unit (35)    Case (38)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus (100) in sewer lines has a mashing apparatus (20) which grinds the organic refuse with a disposer and a grinding machine. An exhaust outlet (49) ejects the mashed refuse into a biological treatment equipment (80) which processes the microorganisms.    USE - For sewer lines.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse is quickly decomposed and can take place both in anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The corrosion of the concrete pipe conduit in sewer line is prevented. The apparatus aids in improving the environmental conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of an organic refuse processing apparatus.    Mashing apparatus (20)    Exhaust outlet (49)    Biological treatment equipment (80)    Organic refuse processing apparatus (100)
NOVELTY - A secondary combustion chamber (10) is provided with an exhaust duct (12) which comprises a fan (20). An exhaust chamber (15) is connected to the end of the duct. The combustion chamber consists of box-shaped air chamber (10b). The air chamber is arranged along the inner walls of the combustion chamber. The air chamber is provided with air supply fan (22). A secondary burner is provided in one side wall.    USE - For processing organic refuse from kitchen and waste materials of timber, paper and synthetic resin.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of fan reduces the temperature of the exhaust fan and hence distortion of the combustion elements is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Air flow openings are provided in the adjoining walls.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the processing apparatus.    Secondary combustion chamber (10)    air chamber (10b)    Exhaust duct (12)    Exhaust chamber (15)    Fan (20)    Air supply fan (22)
NOVELTY - Animal and plant property organic substance decomposing agent comprises a wheat bran material, fermented by lactic acid.    USE - For decomposing animal or plant organic substance such as excrement, bone meat waste, rice bran dregs, processed livestock or fisheries and waste vegetables in agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - The agent accelerates disassembling of organic substances. The odor generated during the process is reduced by the bran.
NOVELTY - Filtration tank is partitioned with floor board (15) to form a filtered water catchment chamber at the bottom. Several hollow cylindrical plastic made micro-organism carriers (14) with specific gravity of 1.05-1.2 g/ml, are used as submerged floating filtration medium in raw water supplied into upper part of floor board. Biologically filtered water is collected in catchment chamber (16) via nozzles (13).    USE - For primary raw water filtration and secondary filtered water filtration purification.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces filtration pressure loss of raw water flowing in filtration tank, as hollow carriers are used. Enhances micro-organism adherence surface area, as hollow carrier is used. Reduces backwash air and water quality requirement, as specified specific gravity of carrier material is used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Backwash air and water flow holes (132,133) are provided at the lower part of catchment nozzles (13) projecting into the catchment chamber (103).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view drawing of biological filtration apparatus.    Nozzles (13)    Carrier (14)    Floor board (15)    Catchment chamber (16)    Catchment chamber (103)    Water flow holes (132,133)
NOVELTY - The installation has a purification tank (3) which is embedded under the ground in outdoors. A pipe connects the bottom of a toilet fixture (2) with the tank. A stirring device (9) performs stirring of the waste received by the tank. A hot air supply pipe (11) blows heated air into the waste to induce fermentation in the waste.    USE - For toilet purification installation.    ADVANTAGE - Decomposition of waste is accelerated due to stirring of waste. The capacity of purification tank is not limited, as the tank is arranged outdoors. Maintenance of purification tank is easy. Fermentation is made easy due to supply of heated air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the general view of toilet purification installation.    Toilet fixture (2)    Purification tank (3)    Stirring device (9)    Hot air supply pipe (11)
NOVELTY - An evaporator comprising a duplex tube composed of an inner tube and an outer tube and a cylindrical sintered metal tube interposed between the inner tube and the outer tube, wherein an objective evaporated fluid infiltrated in the sintered metal tube is evaporated by heating the inner tube and/or the outer tube.    USE - The evaporator is suitable for evaporating methanol and water used in a fuel reforming system of a solid polymeric fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlarged cross sectional view of a portion of an evaporator for a fuel cell    Heating Medium (8)    Vapor (9b)    Inner Tube (11)    Outer Tube (12)    Fluid Supply Tube (12c)    Duplex Tube (13)    Sintered Metal Tube (14)
NOVELTY - Analyzing trace impurities in gases comprises separating the main components and trace impurities from a sample gas conveyed by a carrier gas by gas chromatography, introducing the gases outflowing from the chromatography into an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer, and analyzing the trace impurities. A mixed gas is used as the carrier gas.    USE - Analyzing trace impurities in gases, particularly for detecting ppb-sub ppb levels of trace impurities in various high-purity gases by a combined analyzer comprising gas chromatography and atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer.    ADVANTAGE - Analysis of a very small quantity of impurities is possible by a simple operation, without making the column arrangement or the structure of flow complicated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) four further processes for analyzing trace impurities in gases; and    (ii) an apparatus for analyzing the trace impurities in gas.
NOVELTY - Anaerobic fermentation vessel comprising a base with side walls and a cap penetrated by a power-driven central shaft with side-arms (14, 15) and mixer paddles (11, 12) pendulum-mounted on the side-arms, is new.    USE - Anaerobic fermentation vessel for the disposal of (especially) biological refuse including twigs and branches. When the paddles come to rest especially as a result of a blockage or heavy deposits, the movement may be restored by reversing the paddle motion prior to resumption of the normal rotation.    ADVANTAGE - The side-arm and paddle arrangement minimizes the incidence of blockages.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Anaerobic fermentation vessel has a base with side walls and a cap penetrated by a power-driven central shaft with side-arms (14, 15) and mixer paddles (11, 12). The mixer paddles are pendulum-mounted on the side-arms. The mount holds the paddles in the upright position while the side-arms advance to move an organic charge, but allow the paddles to move against a spring to the approximate horizontal position when the side-arms are set in reverse motion. The side-arms and paddles are capable of limited vertical motion, enabling them to pass over a solid obstacle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the fermentation vessel.    Side arms (11 and 12)    Mixer paddles (14 and 15)
NOVELTY - Container (1) with an inclined bottom (3), a liquid outlet pipe (4) and a ventilation lid (6) with a central hole comprises a polyethylene bag for the fermentation material.    USE - Used for lactic acid fermentation of clean plant waste for production of concentrated sour juice for applications in house and garden, and for producing sour compost for garden manure.    ADVANTAGE - Fermentation is effected without addition of water in a plastic fermentation bag.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the fermentation container.    Container (1)    Container lid (2)    Inclined container bottom (3)    Outlet pipe (4)    Outlet hose and liquid level indicator (5)    Ventilating lid (6)    Polyethylene bag (7)
NOVELTY - Machine for turning compost heaps comprising a vehicle that can be driven alongside a heap and has at least 1 cutting tool that follows the slope of the heap, removes material from it and transfers the material to a new heap on the other side of the vehicle, where the cutting tool and the front of the vehicle form a wedge shape that allows the tool to cut into the heap as the vehicle moves forward.    USE - For turning compost heaps.    ADVANTAGE - The machine can move through narrower gaps between heaps than conventional turning machines.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a machine for turning compost heaps comprising a vehicle that can be driven alongside a heap and has at least 1 cutting tool that follows the slope of the heap and removes material from it and transfers the material to a new heap on the other side of the vehicle, where a shovel is attached close to the ground in front of the cutting tool to remove material from the base of the heap.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of a turning machine having a large cutting tool preceded by a small cutting tool, a conveyor for transferring material from the cutting tools to the other side of the vehicle, a driver's cabin at the rear, and a single front wheel and two rear wheels.    Heap (2)    Small cutting tool (4a)    Large cutting tool (4b)    Conveyor (5)    Cabin (6)    Wheels. (7)
NOVELTY - A 3-layer composite membrane for gas separation has a perm-selective layer with a thickness of 2-500 nm consisting of Langmuir-Blodgett layers of a (co)polymer based on gamma-alkyl L-glutamate monomer units.    USE - For the separation of gas mixtures, e.g. nitrogen/oxygen, hydrogen/carbon monoxide, hydrogen/nitrogen, carbon dioxide/methane, helium/methane, helium/nitrogen or hydrogen/methane.    ADVANTAGE - Composite gas separation membranes with a combination of good selectivity and acceptable permeability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A 3-layer composite membrane for gas separation, comprising (A) a porous supporting membrane, (B) a non-porous, gas-permeable interlayer and (C) a perm-selective layer of organic molecules with a film thickness of 2-500 nm, consisting of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) layers of polymer with units of formula (I),    x = 0-0.99;    y = 0.01-1;    (x+y) = 1;    R = tert.-butyl, isopropyl, -CH2(CF2)nH (with n = 2-10) or -(CH2)nCH3 (with n = 1-17)    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (a) a process for the production of this membrane by making a base membrane consisting of (A) a supporting membrane of porous polymer or ceramic material and (B) a non-porous, gas-permeable layer of amorphous polymer and then compressing layers of polymer (I) on the base membrane by the LB technique to form layer (C); and    (b) a process for separating gas mixtures by feeding the mixture into a container closed at one end by the above membrane with layer (C) facing the mixture, reducing the pressure on the other side of the membrane and taking off an enriched component from the gas mixture.
NOVELTY - An efficient biological organic fertilizer is prepared from: peat; the leftover of agricultural and subsidiary products used as an organic carrier substance; deodorizing agent; promoter; stabilizer; synergist; ecological colony, including azotobacterium; phosphorus bacterium; silicate bacterium; and nutrients regulator. Its advantage is the highly efficient use of waste.
NOVELTY - Construction for vertical worm breeding (4) comprises air vents (1) for supplying air into refuse mass enabling worms to survive deep within the mass and ensuring faster fermentation.    USE - For breeding worms to transform refuse into humus. The humus rich water used in the process can be used to fertilize plants.    ADVANTAGE - The worms can be bred in a small area with very little human effort involved. The heat created by biological fermentation of the refuse is exploited. The communal refuse can be processed without prior separation of biological and inert refuse. Biologically polluted water can be purified by removal of suspended particles. Livestock can be kept above the breeding ground.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Construction for vertical worm breeding (4) comprises air vents (1) for supplying air into refuse mass enabling worms to survive deep within the mass and ensuring faster fermentation. The air vents are attached to the girders of the construction which in turn are fastened to the foundation beams (6) driven into the ground. The sides of the construction are covered with netting (5). A spiral water pipe (3) is placed above the upper air vent in order to heat the water by the fermentation heat. The refuse is moistened by water dripping from a perforated water pipe (2). The refuse is loaded from the top and the humus removed from the base.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a spatial construction of the breeding ground structure    Air vents (1)    Perforated water pipe (2)    Spiral water pipe (3)    Construction (4)    Netting (5)    Beams (6)
NOVELTY - Several fuel cells (11-16) and fuel reformers (21-25) are arranged in the cell stack (2) such that inlet ports (21A-26A) of fuel cells and outlet ports of reformer are arranged on one side (21B-26B) of cell stack. The fuel from the cell is supplied to the reformer through delivery unit arranged in the sealing area between manifold (32) and port arrangement surface.    USE - For DC power generating system using hyrdocarbonate fuel.    ADVANTAGE - As manifold is provided in the sealing area, the need for gas sealing at feed lines is eliminated. Reduces interference to fuel supply operation, by providing the bellows in the feed lines.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The oxidant gas and hydrocarbon fuel are supplied to separate inlet ports provided in the fuel cell. The hydrocarbon fuel is reformed by each reformer. The manifold encloses the port surface of the cell stack, through sealing area. A header connected to supply lines, is provided at the supply unit. The supply lines, are made of bellow material and are isolated by the ceramic tube. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) fuel cell stack assembly method;    (b) fuel reformer    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell assembly.    Cell stack (2)    Fuel cells (11-16)    Fuel reformers (21-25)    Inlet port of fuel cells (21A-26A)    Outlet ports of fuel cells (21B-26B)    Manifold (32)
NOVELTY - A large volume of an organic material is composted by creating a porous pile of the organic material, generating negative and positive airflows through the pile, drawing air and water from the pile into a conduit, saturating the air and passing the air and water through a biofilter.    USE - The method is useful for composting large volumes of an organic material.    ADVANTAGE - The method is more efficient and cost-effective than conventional methods and minimizes the production of odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Composting of a large volume of an organic material involves stacking the organic material to create a porous pile (12), generating a negative airflow (32) and then a positive airflow (30) through the pile, drawing air and water from the pile into a conduit (22), saturating and cooling the air in the conduit by adding air and water, and passing the air and water through a biofilter (48) to mineralize odorous compounds with bacteria and to filter the air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front elevational view of a composting system used to carry out the method.    Porous pile (12)    Conduit (22)    Positive airflow (30)    Negative airflow (32)    Biofilter (48)    Greenhouse (54)
NOVELTY - Method involves placing manure and dehumidifier layers and introducing inoculating additive, such as megatherine in an amount of 0.2% by weight of manure and dehumidifier; mixing components while moving mixture into fermenter; providing aerobic composting.    USE - Agriculture, in particular, reprocessing of manure and other organic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced composting process time, decreased consumption of inoculating additive and increased quality of ready product.
NOVELTY - A maintenance sealant (3) made of inorganic fiber of low organic component content, is sewed to form a thin mat-like structure. Fixed goods (5) made of low organic component content, has protrusion so that it is clamped to outer circumferential surface of the sealant. The sealant is arranged to the periphery of catalyst holder (4). A cylindrical metal shell (2) covers the periphery of the catalyst holder.    USE - For manufacturing catalytic converter used for fuel battery reforming machines mounted on motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the catalytic converter excels in attachment property, the deterioration of catalyst is prevented. As fixed goods and sealant are made of low organic content component, deterioration of catalyst is further prevented, reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows disassembled isometric notched view of catalytic converter.    Metal shell (2)    Sealant (3)    Holder (4)    Fixed goods (5)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprising a treatment tank (1) filled with disposed garbage material, and a blade (2) which provides stirring by rotation driving, is new. The material in the tank is inhabited by microbial decomposition. An elastic core material (non-adherent to the garbage material) having a specific shape is mixed to the garbage material.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing garbage disposed material.    ADVANTAGE - The addition of elastic core material prevents the motor lock and sticking of garbage materials in corners of the treatment tank. The stirrer provides an effective mixing of the disposal material during microbial decomposition. The removal of egg shell and undecomposed residue by the slit, prevents the formation of dumpling shape. The viscosity imparted by the garbage disposed material is prevented by the effect of core material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of an organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Stirring blade (2)    Slit (3)    Receptacle tool (4)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprising a treatment tank (2) having a base material which receives microorganism, an exhaust port (2b) and a vane unit (3b), is new. The vane unit is fixed at the circumference of the axis (3a) rotated by a stirring apparatus (3) arranged at the bottom part of the treatment tank. A water supply unit (4) is connected to the treatment tank to supply water for the base material.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus inhibits the odor generated from the treatment tank at the time of processing. The presence of microorganisms is effectively utilized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Buck wheat husk (1)    Treatment tank (2)    Lid (2a)    Exhaust port (2b)    Stirring apparatus (3)    Axis (3a)    Vane unit (3b)    Water supply unit (4)    Dew condensation water guide means (5)    Air supply unit (6)    Water type conversion means (7)    Organic refuse grinding unit (8)    Triangular corner (9)
NOVELTY - A refuse processor comprising a processing tank (1) filled with raw refuse processing material which is stirred by rotating a stirring vane (2) and where refuse is disposed by a micro-organism which inhabits the processing tank, is new. Refuse is discharged into sidewall of tank provided with slits (3) in lower side. Receiver (4) provided in lower side of slit receives refuse discharged from slit.    USE - The processor is useful for processing raw refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Raw refuse is processed smoothly. Warm air could be sent inside the processing tank, as deodorization device dries the warm air heated by heat radiation of deodorizer. Energy conservation is enabled. As slits are arranged parallel to each other and the interval between them is maintained, clogging of the slits is prevented. As a transparent window provided with light emitting diode is arranged in the receiver, the amount of refuse collected in the receiver can be easily monitored.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Deodorizer (5) configured in processor deodorizes the exhaust in raw refuse processing tank and dries the refuse collected in receiver, by ventilating the receiver.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of front side of raw refuse processor.    Processing tank (1)    Stirring vane (2)    Slit (3)    Receiver (4)    Deodorization (5)
NOVELTY - Raw refuse processor has micro-organism decomposition tank and micro-organism carrier which carries aerobic micro-organism. Potassium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate is added to decomposition tank to which a neutralizing agent is further added and organic acid salt is formed by reaction of neutralizing agent with organic acid generated from refuse decomposed by micro-organism.    USE - The device is useful for processing kitchen refuses.    ADVANTAGE - Raw refuse is processed by micro-organism and pH adjustment is done during processing, thereby producing a cultivation environment of micro-organism.
NOVELTY - Ventilator for organic waste such as sewage sludge contains a diffusion tube (5) with air jet nozzles is placed horizontally at the bottom part of a fermenter (1). The diffusion tube is embedded in a filler layer (P) which has a magnitude of 1 cm2 approximately and thickness of 0.3-1.0 mm approximately.    USE - For fermenting sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The ventilator has sufficient strength, air permeability and durability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic top view of a fermenter.    Fermenter (1)    Diffusion tube (5)    Filler layer (P)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse of the kitchen is supplied to the aerobic bacteria decomposition tank, containing a carrier with a microorganism. The carrier performs a physical filtration of the organic refuse and separates the solid and the liquid waste. The solid waste is subjected to an aerobic treatment and the liquid waste is allowed to flow into the tank (12) for further processing.    USE - The method is useful for processing organic refuse of the kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Large quantities of the organic refuses ejected from a kitchen are efficiently processed by the microorganism. The separation of the solid and liquid waste of the organic refuse reduces the capacity of the tank used for processing the liquid waste    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an organic refuse treatment tank.
NOVELTY - Processing livestock dung into mature compost using a microorganism such as Actinomyces A1, is new. The microbes are added to the waste material and fermented for predetermined period in a fermenter.    USE - The microorganism is useful for processing livestock dung.    ADVANTAGE - Public hazards caused by livestock is eliminated by this method. The method has high decomposing ability and helps in maintaining livestock health care.
NOVELTY - Biodegradable plastics from vegetable oil waste is manufactured by converting the organic substance to organic acid by souring. The sludge is removed from the waste by solid liquid separation means. The organic acid from the vegetable oil is removed, concentrated using hydrogen utilizing bacteria to form polyhydroxy alkaloid.    USE - The process is useful for manufacturing biodegradable plastics from vegetable oil waste.    ADVANTAGE - The biodegradable plastics from the vegetable oil can be prepared within short time without forming methane. The polyhydroxy alkaloid can be used for general purposes such as packaging material and film for agriculture. The plastic obtained is environment friendly.
NOVELTY - The temperature of die (2) and drive output of a molding machine (1) containing the die are measured by sensors while one, more among a group of monitoring sensors identify the shape quality of the emission products. An adjusting device is provided to adjust the amount of raw material supplied based on the detection results of one or more sensors.    USE - For performing the volume reduction molding of a solid material such as a waste material containing waste plastics and refuse or livestock feed into pillared pellets for being used as a solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The rise time at the time of start up can be shortened since the amount of raw material supplied is adjusted based on the detection results of sensors which monitor the shape quality of the emission products. An automatic switching on can be performed at the time of start up without manual operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The molding machine has a roller (4) which rolls on the die to grind and perform volume reduction molding of a solid raw material into pillared pellets through a number of vertical holes (3) formed in the die.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is the principal part perspective diagram of a volume reduction molding machine.    Molding machine (1)    Die (2)    Hole (3)    Roller (4)
NOVELTY - A heating unit in refuse pelletization apparatus heats the dies, rollers and raw materials. The waste material is ground to reduce the volume and made into pellets by the roller (4) which rolls on the surface of die (2).    USE - In refuse pelletization apparatus for waste plastics.    ADVANTAGE - Heating enhances product ejection rate. At the time of start up, the rise time is shortened and the apparatus is switched on automatically. Favorable product is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of refuse pelletization apparatus.    Die (2)    Roller (4)
NOVELTY - Bio-deodorizing apparatus (1) for ammonia comprises a packed column containing a filled layer (3) and a water storage tank (4) with a carrier for ammonia degradable microorganism (81). The water storage tank passes the collected water to the filled layer.    USE - For nitrifying stored water part of a circulating sewage water.    ADVANTAGE - The deodorizing apparatus produces waste gas containing high concentration of ammonia.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of a bio-deodorizing apparatus.    Bio-deodorizing apparatus (1)    Filled layer (3)    Water storage tank (4)    Diffusion tube (6)    Water sprinkling line (11)    Strainer (14)    Drainage pipe (15)    Stirrer (16)
NOVELTY - Packing stock method of waste material involves crushing the waste material after adding cement and/or alkali, stirring followed by compression molding and drying. The free moisture content of the cement is reduced by hydration reaction . The mold is then subjected to lapping process with the resin sheet and is stored.    USE - For recycling waste materials such as garbage, used paper and plastics.    ADVANTAGE - The putrefactive smell of the waste material is suppressed and the long term storage of waste material is made possible due to this method. The calorie of the waste material is raised and the volume is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process flow of the packing stock method of the waste material.
NOVELTY - Process for decomposing and disposing of organic waste comprises introducing wood chips into a decomposition vessel, adding microorganisms, including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, to the wood chips, introducing toxin-free organic waste into the vessel and agitating and comminuting the mixture at elevated temperature in the presence of water and oxygen.    USE - The process is especially useful for decomposing and disposing of kitchen waste. Spent wood chips can be used to produce compost.    ADVANTAGE - Organic wastes are decomposed hygienically with the minimum of residual material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for carrying out the process, comprising:    (a) a waste container with a fastenable lid and a heated base;    (b) a system for measuring and indicating the temperature of the container's contents;    (c) a device for introducing and withdrawing air and moisture;    (d) a device for regulating the air temperature; and    (e) an agitator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an agitator suitable for agitating and comminuting the mixture of wood chips, microorganisms and organic waste, comprising outer and inner spiral blades mounted on a common axle.    Outer blade (24)    Inner blade (25)    Axle. (26)
NOVELTY - The method makes the excrements and waste water exhausted separately and the treatment of the waste water is simplified greatly. Excrements are collected through vacuum water saving toilet and fed to collecting tank through vacuum pipeline. The excrements is then mixed with screened and crushed domestic garbage before producing compost. The whole process is suitable for automatic production in large scale with great amount of machines and transport equipment being saved. The vacuum toilet is water saving, has excellent bad smell control, cleaning effect and less pipeline. The said method may be used in ecological tourist area, newly building city district and water lack area and is favourable to environment protection, resource regeneration and sustained development.
NOVELTY - A composition comprising a non-linear paraffin-soluble (olefin co-carbon monoxide) copolymer.    USE - As PVC modifiers or degradable films.    ADVANTAGE - Unlike the prior art, the copolymer is non-linear and paraffin soluble.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) A method for preparing olefin/carbon monoxide copolymers which involves reacting a feed under free radical copolymerization conditions. The feed comprises (mole%) olefin (about 5 - 40), carbon monoxide (about 1 - 40), hydrogen (about 4 - 55), carbon dioxide (about 3 - 10) and methane (about 4 - 85).    (2) A polymer formed by reacting a feed as in (1) under copolymerization conditions in the presence of a free radical polymerization initiator.
NOVELTY - An electrochemical device comprises several single fuel cells connected in series and at least a bipolar plate disposed between adjacent cells. Each fuel cell is comprised of an anode, a cathode and a separator containing electrolyte. The bipolar plate is comprised of titanium carbide (TiC).    USE - For producing electric energy or desired chemical compounds by interconverting electrical and chemical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The molded TiC bipolar plates are electrochemically more stable in various acidic medium and in potentials greater than 0.8-1.2 vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and exhibit superior corrosion resistance than commercially available carbon or graphite catalyst supports. The corrosion current in 190degreesC 100 wt.% PAFC having molded TiC plate increases much more slowly with increasing potential than that of a PAFC having carbon plate. The molded TiC plate have superior electrical conductivity (5 times that of graphite), allow greater flexibility in the design of the plate and are easy to fabricate. Cost of molding the TiC plate is much less than cost to machine them. TiC are suitable for use in bipolar regenerative PEM fuel cells, lead-acid batteries, water electrolyzers.
NOVELTY - The processing line has bioreactors with front, rear and side walls, monitor sensors of temperature, moisture and oxygen content and a compressor plant. The rear wall of each bioreactor is made hinged, with the hinges in its upper part. Made in the lower part of each bioreactor is a triangular-section compartment, whose one wall represents a perforated bottom installed with inclination to the hinged wall. The bottom angle of inclination is determined by the conditions of material gravity unloading from the bioreactor and minimum capacity of the container. The bioreactors are interconnected through pipes for feeding the heat- transfer agent, located in the lower part of the bioreactors in the triangular-section compartments.    USE - Processing of organic waste, applicable for production of fertilizers from manure, poultry excrements, straw, pot-herb leaves, shaft, sawdust, peat, lignin, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Accelerated waste processing due to redistribution of heat of exothermic reaction of fermentation among the bioreactors, enhanced capacity of unloading of finished product.
NOVELTY - In order to separate mixture of C3 or C4 hydrocarbons, extractive rectification is used in the presence of high-boiling polar agent. Less saturated hydrocarbons are separated from extractive agent in distillation-rectification zone where auxiliary desorption agent is present in amount of 2-35 wt %. Desorption agent is hydrocarbon and/or ether which have normal boiling temperature by 30-85degreesC higher than desorbable hydrocarbons.    USE - Chemical industry, more particularly, separation of mixtures of lower hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - Lower power consumption of hydrocarbon separation process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Part of desorption agent is withdrawn together with extracting agent stream followed by distillation thereof from extracting agent in additional column operating at lower pressure, preferably close to atmospheric pressure. Or part of desorption agent is withdrawn together with stream of desorbable hydrocarbons followed by separation of mixture by distillation. Desorption agent may be simultaneously withdrawn together with stream of extracting agent and with stream of desired hydrocarbons. It is preferable to recycle stream in condensed state of recoverable desorption agent into middle or lower portion or still of extractive rectification column and/or distillation- rectification zone.
NOVELTY - Organic component is mixed with microbiological agent. Organic agent is poultry waste, and microbiological agent is microbiological ethyl production waste which is biomixture of microorganisms useful for fermentation of sugar and starch-containing stock. Ratio of organic to microbiological components is 5:1 by volume. The resulting mixture is granulated. Fertilizer further comprises mineral compounds and also micro- and macroelements. Method makes it possible to vary, within wide ranges, content of nutrients and also micro- and macro-elements depending on conditions of application of fertilizers and to reduce consumption of mineral fertilizers in the production of various agricultural crops.    USE - Agriculture, more particularly, manufacture of fertilizers using poultry waste and ethyl alcohol waste.    ADVANTAGE - More efficient preparation method.
NOVELTY - New method of waste disposal especially for processing waste from microbiological production of ethyl alcohol. Cells with negative surface potential from 22 to 75 mV contain 0.4 to 4% of hydrocarbons and 30 to 50% of carbohydrates based on the total weight of solid material.    USE - Biotechnology.    ADVANTAGE - Extended choice of bioadsorbents. 4 cl, 3 ex
NOVELTY - A filtrate outlet (6) has emission holes, and filter screw attachment is provided in rear surroundings of cylinder (2). A feed hopper (14) of stock solution is provided in rear of rotary drum (11), in the direction of screw conveyor (10) near filtrate outlet. A backing pressure adjustor (20) is adjustably moved along cylinder axis, for adjusting gap of sludge opening (5) for emission of dehydrate cake.    USE - For separation of water from sewage sludge, industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to eliminate supernatant liquid from stock solution immediately by centrifugal force as the stock solution feeder is located near the outlet of filter. Improves dehydration efficiency. Reduces power consumption. Reduces cost as size is reduced due to the fact that huge cone cylinder portion need not be formed. Obtains stable dehydrate cake. Regulates the compaction of the dehydrate cake freely with the backing pressure adjustor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The screw conveyor is inserted, relatively rotatable inside the cylindrical pipe which is rotated at high speed. A circular front end wall (4) which bends towards the axial center, is formed at the end of the cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the centrifugal device.    Cylinder (2)    Front end circular wall (4)    Sludge opening (5)    Filtrate outlet (6)    Screw conveyor (10)    Rotary drum (11)    Feed hopper (14)    Backing pressure adjuster (20)
NOVELTY - The temperature of a predetermined portion in a modifier, carbon monoxide concentration in gas and the voltage remaining in the fuel battery are detected, when any two among the three conditions, satisfy predetermined conditions, supply of gas from the modifier to the fuel battery is approved.    USE - Fuel battery system for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents poisoning of catalyst, since carbon monoxide is supplied to the fuel battery based on the decision that carbon monoxide concentration in gas is low. Raises the electricity generation efficiency and the durability and reliability of fuel battery.
NOVELTY - Compost cutting-back apparatus comprises a cover containing an open-close switch and a close vent, pivotably mounted to a bucket of base machine. An elimination rotor rakes out a compost raw material received in the bucket by closing of cover. The rotor is rotated in a closed state which turns the cover down and drops the material in shape of pellet.    USE - The apparatus is useful for cutting compost raw material.    ADVANTAGE - The compost raw material is finely dropped in shape of a pellet. The apparatus provides an improved operation efficiency. The usage is simple and easy.
NOVELTY - Organic waste is decomposed by adjusting the water component of organic waste and fermenting. A deodorization process is carried out by heat treatment after adding carbide, water or water vapor to the fermented organic waste.    USE - For composting organic waste such as livestock dung, human waste treatment field, sewage works and/or sewage residues.    ADVANTAGE - The heat process provides destruction of microorganism in the waste material. The bad smell of organic waste is removed by fermentation with carbide.
NOVELTY - High temperature fermentation compost comprising leaves and fibrous material, from branches of trees, and organic waste, is new.    USE - The compost is useful as a fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Waste material processing decreases environmental pollution and simultaneously produces useful agricultural products. The porous material improves fermentation, increases the air permeability, water retention and nutritive property of organic waste. Good compost can be obtained by increasing fermentation temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the compost by mixing organic waste with leaves and fibrous material and decomposing, by fermentation.
NOVELTY - Manufacture of fertilizer in an organic refuse recycling system comprising isolating organic refuse from cooking residue, grinding and subsequently fermenting, is new. The product obtained by primary fermentation is subjected to secondary fermentation, by mixing fermentation promoter.    USE - The process is useful for the manufacture of a fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse obtained from restaurant and food storing environment can be recycled into a good fertilizer, in short period of time, economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fertilizer manufacturing apparatus comprising a receiver, grinding machine, and a tank containing stirring blade for stirring the refuse during fermentation. A transport mechanism carries out the ground organic refuse and the elimination mechanism ejects out the fermented product.
NOVELTY - Fermentation of waste, such as domestic waste, comprises fermenting the waste in the presence of sunlight, within a light and air permeable container, is new. The waste and waste decomposing microorganisms contained in a bag (1) are fermented within a light and air permeable, heat insulative container (10).    USE - The process is useful for fermenting waste e.g. domestic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Recycled material can be used for the container, thus reducing costs. Furthermore, the fermentation is performed under environmental conditions, using natural resources. The fermentation is facilitated by the use of heat insulative container and generation of unpleasant odor is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the drawing of the components used for fermentation.    Bag (1)    Heat insulative container (10)
NOVELTY - Carbonization of vegetable waste involves drying and granulating vegetable waste followed by dry distillation.    USE - For manufacturing grain-like carbide from vegetable waste obtained during processing of vegetables such as during cooking. The grain-like carbide is effectively used as a deicing material or activated carbon.    ADVANTAGE - The strength of carbide grain after granulation and dry distillation is high and the grains are not powdered. Effective utilization of vegetable waste is carried out.
NOVELTY - Method for preventing eutrophication of water involves fixing a net under the water surface which contains algae for the absorption of causative agents such as nitrogen and phosphorus.    USE - For preventing the blockade in water purifying installations.    ADVANTAGE - The recovery of algae from the net is easier. The sterilized net along with algae can be used as screen of drying equipment. The instillation cost, the time and effort for conducting the process is less.
NOVELTY - The movable teeing-off patch in its entirety is made essentially of one or more biologically degrable and decomposable materials.    USE - In the game of golf, for teeing off.    ADVANTAGE - The patch in its entirety is biologically degradable, and does not require any measures to be taken for its disposal.
(AT9901843-A)   NOVELTY - The fuel cell (1) has at least one meandering channel (4), for supplying a fuel cell membrane, which separates the anode and cathode sides of the fuel cell, with the cross-section of the meandering channel increasing in the flow direction, according to a linear, an exponential, or a step function.    USE - The fuel cell is used for providing electrical energy from an electrochemical reaction.    ADVANTAGE - The variation in the cross-section of the meandering channel ensures a constant hydrogen consumption per unit length, for providing a uniform surface loading, preventing thermal and mechanical stress.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell with a meandering channel.    Fuel cell (1)    Meandering channel (4)
NOVELTY - A fluid flow plate comprises conductive fibers and rigidifying material having low density.    USE - For a fuel cell assembly.    ADVANTAGE - The plate is lightweight, conductive, tough, and resistant to compression. The plate maintains its shape so greater compressive loads can be applied to the fuel stack to compress gas diffusion layers adjacent to the plate for saving of space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fluid flow plate (200) comprises first conductive fibers (408) with spaces (502) in between and located in a section of the plate, second conductive fibers, metal foil (404) located between the conductive fibers, rigidifying material (500) with low density including a portion positioned in space(s), and the section including flow channel (204, 204') to service fluid(s) for the fuel assembly. The conductive fibers and metal foil comprise electrical path(s) extending in parallel with a longitudinal axis. The electrical path conducts electrical current generated by the fuel cell assembly. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for constructing a fluid flow plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cutaway, sectional, partial, side representation of the fluid flow plate.    fluid flow plate (200)    flow channel (204, 204')    metal foil (404)    conductive matrix (406)    conductive fibers (408)    rigidifying material (500)    spaces (502)    electrical contact (506, 506')
NOVELTY - Fuel battery system (30) comprises a modifier (32) for reforming hydrocarbon raw material to form hydrogen and fuel battery (34) for generating electricity using the supplied hydrogen and oxygen as a fuel. Water vapor or unreacted oxygen formed during battery operation is sent to modifier through a connecting pipe (36) and used to reform hydrocarbon material.    USE - For converting chemical energy to electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - Unnecessary installation of evaporator in modifier is eliminated thereby reducing size of the fuel battery system. Effective usage of water and heat energy is achieved, since water vapor and oxygen formed in fuel battery is returned to the modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows fuel battery system.    Fuel battery system (30)    Modifier (32)    Fuel battery (34)    Connecting pipe (36)    Control unit (40)    Oxygen utilization factor controlling element (42)    Water vapor formation unit (44)
NOVELTY - The separator includes gas conduction paths (10a,10b) independently through which gas consisting of heating gas or oxidizing agent gas, is supplied from a gas inlet (1) to gas outlet (2) sides. A set of cooling agent conductive paths which guide cooling agent from inlet to outlet sides are provided independently.    USE - In solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery for motor vehicles, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The reactive gas density difference and temperature difference are made small, thus providing reliable fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the separator of solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    Gas inlet (1)    Gas outlet (2)    Gas conduction paths (10a,10b)
NOVELTY - Organic sludge is processed by adding a culture solution containing the metabolites of microorganism having ability to decompose the water insoluble component in organic sludge. The organic sludge is added to polymer flocculent and dehydrated.    USE - For processing organic sludge such as industrial waste, sewage, digestive sludge and wastage in general works.    ADVANTAGE - The moisture content of the dehydrated cake can be reduced. The melting of the component is done for short time. The method is environment friendly.
NOVELTY - The fermentation method of waste material involves forming a thick layer on the fermentation floor by grinding the waste material such as organic refuse. The quantity of water and air are adjusted by heat insulation under conditions. The fermentation is promoted by stirring. The layer of fermented material is removed and another layer is dropped. The fermentation process is repeated several times.    USE - For fermenting waste material such as wooden waste, organic refuse, livestock waste.    ADVANTAGE - The velocity of the fermentation is very quick with simple procedure. The method is environment friendly without generating any bad smell or odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fermentation apparatus. The apparatus has a fermenter containing a thick fermentation floor on which the ground wooden base material closed by heat insulation lid is present. The apparatus has also equipped with a stirring apparatus, air supply apparatus and water supply apparatus. The fermenter is formed on the shape of the line so that the vehicle could run carrying the fermentation material and taking of the fermented material.
NOVELTY - Biodegradable plastic is decomposed by microorganisms in a treatment tank during waste water processing.    USE - For sewage disposal.    ADVANTAGE - Water treatment is improved by using microorganism for decomposing biodegradable plastic.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the septic tank used for sewage disposal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sewage disposal system.
NOVELTY - A fuel -producing reactor, especially for hydrogen, has at least one flow channel (11) for the fuel and another, separate channel (14) for a heating/cooling medium. The channels are spiraled and contiguous by virtue of a shared wall (20), so as to ensure a high level of heat transfer. The channels are preferably fabricated from sheet steel ribbon, and the process channel is at least internally coated with a catalytic layer.    USE - Provision of fuel, by exothermic oxidation reaction, to a hydrogen fuel cell, especially in an electric powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - A simple and efficient reactor with lower flow resistance than tubular reactors containing porous plugs of catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The channels may have rectangular cross-section, and the catalytic coating may be restricted to the common wall surface. The reactor can also be used for endothermic reforming reactions. The spiral configuration provides a high residence length in a compact space, and the process channel may be in contact with two or more heat transfer fluid circulated channels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a plan view of a spiral reactor.    process and thermal fluid circulated channels (11,14)    common wall. (20)
NOVELTY - Steam reforming apparatus comprises a pyrolysis reactor (5) connected to a shift reactor (10). The pyrolysis reactor carries out a splitting process and the shift reactor carries out a hydrogen gas shift reaction on the product gas containing carbon monoxide from the pyrolysis reactor.    USE - In a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is lightweight, compact. simple to regulate and has a high hydrogen yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for steam reforming methanol comprising splitting methanol in the pyrolysis reactor at 400-480degrees C in the presence of a catalyst into carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and carrying out a catalytic low temperature shift reaction at not more than 250degrees C on the carbon monoxide contained in the product gas from the pyrolysis reactor or a catalytic high temperature shift reaction at 400-450degrees C to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the steam reforming apparatus.    pyrolysis reactor (5)    hydrogen separation membrane (6, 15)    shift reactor (10)    water vaporizer (11)    burner unit (18a)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical fuel cell assembly comprises an electrode between a separator plate and membrane electrolyte. The electrode comprises a substrate having a pair of oppositely facing major planar surfaces and electrocatalyst defining an active area. It has an in-plane nonuniform structure in its active area as the area traverses in the direction of a reactant flow path.    USE - For converting fuel and oxidant to electricity and reaction product.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows reactant to travel in a direct linear path across the electrode, thus it is easier to control and attempt to optimize the variation in electrode properties along the reactant flow path.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrochemical fuel cell assembly (10) comprises first and second separator plates (50, 60) each having a pair of oppositely facing major planar surfaces, and ports. A membrane electrolyte (25) is interposed between the first and the second separator plates. First and second electrodes (30, 40) are interposed between the plates and the membrane electrolyte. Each electrode comprises a substrate (32, 42) having a pair of oppositely facing major planar surfaces and electrocatalyst (35, 45) defining an electrochemically active area. The assembly further comprises a first reactant flow path for directing a first reactant fluid stream between the first and second ports. The first reactant flow path extends linearly across the first active area, and the first electrode has an in-plane nonuniform structure in its active area. The active area is traversed in the direction of the first reactant flow path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded side cross-sectional view of the solid polymer fuel cell assembly.    Fuel cell assembly (10)    Membrane electrolyte (25)    Electrodes (30, 40)    Substrates (32, 42)    Electrocatalysts (35, 45)    Separator plates (50, 60)
NOVELTY - A water vapor generator (3) supplies water vapor to the drying unit (4). The waste material thrown in the dryer (1) is heated and dried in the presence of water vapor.    USE - For drying waste material.    ADVANTAGE - Waste material can be dried without generation of dioxine and solid fuel can be formed easily from refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the waste material dryer.    Dryer (1)    Vapor generator (3)    Drying unit (4)
NOVELTY - The combustion chamber (30) and reaction chamber (C) are formed in a container (1) by a baffle plate (5). The cylindrical solid electrolyte fuel battery cells (9) are inserted in the holes (6) in the baffle plate. The air introduction pipes (11) are inserted into the opening (10) of the cell. The outer diameter (R1) of air introduction pipe is set as 80% of internal diameter (R2) of cell.    USE - For, e.g., solid electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enlarges flow resistance of air between air introduction pipes and cells. Supplies oxygen of required quantity at boundary surface of air polar layer and solid electrolyte layer by diffusing air efficiently. Reduces concentration overvoltage resulting from supply rate limitation of oxygen and polarization resistance. Improves power generation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cells are arranged in the reaction chamber. Air supplied to the cells by air introduction pipes. The hot gas is supplied between the cells in the reaction chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model figure of fuel cell.    Container (1)    Baffle plate (5)    Holes (6)    Battery cells (9)    Opening (10)    Air introduction pipes (11)    Combustion chamber (30)
NOVELTY - A fuel battery system has an oxidizing agent gas supplier (1) for supplying oxidizing agent gas to an oxidizing agent gas pipeline (7), and humidifier (5) for supplying water. Water flow detector (4) is provided to pipeline (9) formed between water force feeding unit and humidifier. Control unit (20) for controlling water flow based on signal from the detector, is also provided in the system.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel battery system is economical and accurately controls the rate of water flow to the oxidizing agent gas, using control unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gas pipeline is connected to the oxidizing agent feed hopper of fuel battery. A water force feeding unit (3) is provided to the water pipeline (9) which connects the humidifier and water storing unit (2).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for control method of fuel battery system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagrammatic view of vehicle mounted fuel battery system.    Oxidizing agent gas supplier (1)    Water storing unit (2)    Water force feeding unit (3)    Water flow detector (4)    Humidifier (5)    Gas pipeline (7)    Water pipeline (9)    Fuel battery (10)    Control unit (20)
NOVELTY - Solid electrolyte and fuel electrode are laminated in air pole (101) and air poles are partially arranged in power generation chamber (11). Fuel feeding pipe (104) is inserted in each air pole, from the fuel supply chamber (14) to chamber (11). Air poles and fuel feeding pipes are electrically connected to the air pole collector and fuel electrode collector (35).    USE - For interconnectors solid electrolyte type battery.    ADVANTAGE - Electric charge is collected efficiently. Collector member slidably contacts with each air poles, thus elastic contact is stabilized, even when air pole expands due to temperature rise.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of SOFC module.    Electricity generation chamber (11)    Fuel supply chamber (14)    Fuel electrode collector (35)    Air pole (101)    Fuel feeding pipe (104)
NOVELTY - Holes (20,30) are drilled in air pole block (11) and fuel electrode block (12) interposed with collector multiuse separator (13). Solid electrolyte film and fuel electrode film are formed at inside of holes of air pole block whereas electrolyte film and air polar film is formed at inside the holes of electrode block. Then, fuel and air feeding pipes (23,33) are inserted into respective holes.    USE - For solid electrode type fuel battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Raises durability under high temperature. Simplified connection structure for extraction of DC power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of fuel battery assembly.    Block (11)    Air pole and block (12)    Multiuse separator (13)    Holes (20,30)    Feeding pipes (23,33)
NOVELTY - Heat insulating material (19) is provided on periphery of each electricity generation chamber (11), fuel emission chamber (15) and fuel supply chamber (14). Air pole of each fuel battery (100) is electrically connected to air pole side collector (31) at lower portion of chamber (11). Each fuel feeding pipe is electrically connected to fuel electrode side collector (34) arranged by chamber (14).    USE - For solid state electrolytic fuel battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Generated output of high voltage and small electric current is efficiently extracted, by reducing internal loss of generated output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of fuel battery block.    Electricity generation chamber (11)    Fuel supply chamber (14)    Fuel emission chamber (15)    Heat insulating material (19)    Air pole side collector (31)    Fuel electrode side collector (34)    Fuel battery (100)
NOVELTY - Module consists of battery (10) which has tube with bottom part closed and inner side laminated with solid electrolyte and fuel electrode. A fuel feeding pipe (105) is inserted into center section of tube. The bottom part of batteries are supported and arranged such that they oppose each other. Oxidizing gas (22) is supplied to exterior of tube and heating gas (21) is supplied to pipe (105).    USE - For solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The durability of the module is improved. The electric charge produced can be taken out.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of solid electrolyte type module.    Solid electrolyte type battery (10)    Supporting member (12)    Heating gas (21)    Oxidizing gas (22)    Tube (102)    Fuel feeding pipe (105)
NOVELTY - A gas-liquid separator (4) supplies water vapor to cool gas from gas modifier (1) and fuel battery (2). Water component from gases are condensed to obtain recovered water. A water treater (22) purifies recovery water from storage tank of water gas cooler and replenishes to gas-liquid separator. A gas bubble ejector in storage tank uses air to reduce carbon dioxide concentration in water.    USE - For power plant using fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since gas bubble ejector is provided, carbon dioxide dissolved in water storage tank is extracted, easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system block diagram of waste water recovery system.    Gas modifier (1)    Fuel battery (2)    Gas-liquid separator (4)    Water treater (22)
NOVELTY - Reaction portion (A) has heating gas supply path (D1) and spillway (D2). Another reaction portion has oxidizing agent gas supply path (E1) and spillway (E2). Flow of reactive gas in each reaction portion is uniformly set-up based on position relationship corresponding to inlets (19a,20a) and outlets (19b,20b).    USE - Fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Efficiency of fuel battery is increased and size reduction is achieved as flow of reactive gas in each reaction portion is uniformly set-up.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of fuel battery.    Inlets (19a,20a)    Outlets (19b,20b)    Reaction portion (A)    Supply paths (D1,E1)    Spillways (D2,E2)
NOVELTY - A cooling water separator consists of three cooling water flow path grooves through which cooling water from inlet manifold flow upwards towards outlet manifold placed diagonally to the inlet manifold. The cooling water separator is distributed through the whole surface of fuel battery stack by continuous wire pattern.    USE - Fuel battery stack.    ADVANTAGE - Enables increase in output value per volume of the fuel battery pack. Enables improvement in output capacitance and attains energizing effective area of electrode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Air from an air inlet manifold (2) in the top edge of positive electrode separator (1), flows downwards towards air outlet manifold (7) placed in diagonal position with respect to the air inlet manifold. Fuel from a fuel inlet manifold on one side of a negative electrode separator flown towards fuel outlet manifold on other side of negative electrode separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of positive electrode separator.    Positive electrode separator (1)    Air inlet manifold (2)    Air outlet manifold (7)
NOVELTY - The digestive gas generated during biological waste treatment is absorbed by using one kind of absorbent selected from group containing activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel and organic metal compound. The absorbed digestive gas is separated into hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and methane.    USE - For storing gas generated during biological waste treatment in sewage works, beer plant, also in breeding field of livestock such as cow, pig, chicken, etc. and for utilizing stored digestive gas for electricity generation or heating purpose.    ADVANTAGE - Since gas holder for storing adsorbent, is reduced in size, installation cost of storage plant is reduced.
NOVELTY - Fuel reformer comprises a transforming region, a shift reaction region with a maximum capacity in a prescribed ratio to the maximum capacity of the transforming region, an oxidation gas feed unit, and a regulating region.    USE - For converting hydrocarbon fuel to hydrogen-rich gas.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer is compact and efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel reformer comprises a transforming region to convert hydrocarbon fuel to hydrogen-rich gas, a shift reaction region with a maximum capacity in a prescribed ratio to the maximum capacity of the transforming region for the reaction of a part of the carbon monoxide present in the hydrogen-rich gas fed from the transforming region with water to convert the carbon monoxide to hydrogen and carbon dioxide, an oxidation gas feed for the introduction of oxidation gas containing oxygen to the shift reaction region, and a regulating region for determining the excess of hydrogen-rich gas fed to the shift reaction region from the transforming region, with respect to the maximum capacity of the shift reaction region and for regulating the oxidation gas feed unit for the introduction of the oxidation gas to the shift reaction region based on the excess
A carbon deposit resistant catalyst for oxygen-free aromatization of methane is prepared from transition metal element in VI B family as active component (1-15 wt.%), zeolite molecular sieve as carrier and element in VI A family as assistant (0.1-10 wt.%) through drying and calcining raw powder of molecular sieve; ion exchange of carrier in solution containing ammonium ions, drying and calcining; high-temperature steam treating to obtain carrier; modifying the carrier with element in VI family; immersing in solution containing transition element in VI B family; and drying and calcining the obtained carrier. Its advantages are higher reaction activity and output rate of arene, stronger carbon deposit resistance, and high-temperature reaction stability.
NOVELTY - A composting apparatus has first and second containers placed side-by-side to receive organic waste, circular or part-circular arrays of spaced apertures between the containers to permit migration of worms, and two control discs mounted on each container to open and close the apertures. The apertures are situated within intermediate and upper parts of the container sidewalls.    USE - For use with worms, e.g. earthworms, to convert waste material into humus of high nutrient value, known as vermicompost.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus provides fewer disturbances to feeding and breeding patterns of the earthworms, which results to faster composting process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the composting apparatus.    Containers (2,4)    Tray (6)    Drain device (8)    Removable lid (10,12)    Projecting tab (24a).
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive fuel cell fluid flow plate includes a series of straight parallel elongated fluid flow field channels configured to direct a reactant or a coolant fluid stream within a fuel cell.    USE - For a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides an improved performance at high current densities compared to conventional fluid flow field plates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrically conductive fuel cell fluid flow field plate (20) comprises two opposing major surfaces (28, 36), and a series of parallel, straight channels (30) formed in at least one of the two major surfaces. At least one of the channels has a ratio of length to cross-sectional area of 2180:1 - 6200:1. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (A) an electrochemical fuel cell operated at a current density greater than 500 mA/cm2 comprising (i) a fuel flow field plate with two opposing surfaces, (ii) an oxidant flow field plate with two opposing major surfaces, (iii) a membrane electrode assembly interposed between the two major surfaces of the fuel and oxidant flow field plates, and (iv) a series of parallel straight oxidant channels formed in the two major surfaces of the oxidant flow field plate; and (B) a method of making the fluid flow field plate comprising (i) providing a sheet of compressible, electrically conductive sheet material having two oppositely facing major surfaces, and (ii) embossing the first major surface to form at least one open-faced channel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial cross-sectional view of a solid polymer fuel cell.    Fluid flow field plate (20)    Major surface (28, 36)    Channel (30)
NOVELTY - The PEM fuel cell has serpentine flow field channels and the input/inlet legs (116) of each channel (118) border the input/inlet legs (120) of the next adjacent channels (122) in the same flow field. The output/exit legs (124) of each channel (122) border the output/exit legs (126) of the next adjacent channels (128) in the same flow field. The serpentine fuel flow channels may be longer, and may contain more medial legs than the serpentine oxidant flow channels.    USE - As PEM fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents short-circuiting of gas from one of flow channels to the next adjacent flow channel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged view of a flow field having mirrored flow channels.    inlet legs (116,120)    outlet legs (124,126)    channels (118,122,128)
NOVELTY - Each cell has a separator board (31) through which the fuel electrode and oxidizing agent electrode are laminated. The fuel flow paths (11a-11c) and the oxidizing agent flow path are provided to separator board. The holes (26,27) are formed in middle of separator board. The holes of separator board of each cell are connected to enable flow of same fluid in the cells.    USE - For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces variation in cell property by maintaining stable flow rate of reactive gas. Improves characteristics of battery by reducing resistance. Simplifies structure of separator board.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of separator board.    Fuel flow paths (11a-11c)    Holes (26,27)    Separator board (31)
NOVELTY - Compost is manufactured from organic waste such as livestock dung by rough kneading, mixing, grinding and/or fermentation processes, for a predetermined period.    USE - For processing livestock dung, slag of sugarcane and organic waste of pulp sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The method produces uniform compost quantity without any lumps. The air is uniformly spread into the raw material and fermentates it continuously repeated at least 3 times on aerobic condition without any odor. The method is inexpensive and good quality compost without causing soil aggravation can be manufactured efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The Compost is manufactured as follows. Raw materials are mixed, ground and matured by rough kneading, mixing, grinding and/or fermentation processes. The raw materials are kneaded roughly and the moisture content is adjusted to 60-65 %. The mixture is mixed to form homogeneous state, ground to fine particulate material and air is introduced into the gap between material. The mixture is send into a fermenter and set to aerobic conditions. The fermented mixture is deposited as layers in the fermenter. The upper and sub layers are removed at least 3 times repeatedly. The processes are repeated once again. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the compost manufacturing apparatus. The apparatus has rough kneading unit, mixing unit, grinding unit, fermentation unit, second half mixing grinding unit and mature means.
NOVELTY - Plant recycle apparatus comprises an unit for processing plants like cut grass, fallen leaves and pruned branches to a predetermined shape. The plants are stirred under fixed conditions like temperature, water and air in a culture tank to which a fermentation material is added and composted.    USE - The apparatus is useful for recycling waste plant.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus prevents environmental problem. The installation of the apparatus is cheap and the composting is performed efficiently within a short period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for plant recycling.
NOVELTY - Sludge processing involves performing primary fermentation of the sludge mixed with timber chip (1-3 cm) and fermenting microbes (lactic acid bacillus and a yeast fungus), for two weeks. The secondary and final fermentation of the above product is carried out for 2-3 weeks and 1 week, respectively.    USE - For processing of sludge generated from sewage treatment plant and waste water treatment plant for manufacture of manure.    ADVANTAGE - The processing of sludge by fermentation is done in a short period of time. The industrial waste is processed efficiently. Bad smell generated is removed by the use of filter medium. The manure has excellent effect on the growth of plants.
NOVELTY - A reform process chamber (3r) and a combustion chamber (4r) are separated from each other by a partition wall (18). The process gas flows from feed hopper to outlet of process chamber, via honeycomb board (3h) of modification catalyst holder so that the reformed gas flows through many paths to the outlet.    USE - For electrical power generating device such as fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - By using a catalyst holder with honeycomb board, the reformer is miniaturized. Energy consumption is reduced. The starting time is shortened. Energy efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The combustion gas flows from feed hopper to the outlet of combustion chamber of heater (4), via honeycomb board. The modification catalyst is composed of ruthenium. Hydrocarbon type reform gas is heated using gas consisting of hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectionnal view of reformer.    Honeycomb boards (3h)    Process chamber (3r)    Heater(4r) Combustion chamber (4)    Partition wall (18)
NOVELTY - Fermentation promoting material (FPM) comprises heat resistance microbe which adjusts the pH of FPM to 6.0-8.5, wheat powder and/or wheat bran and organic substance.    USE - For use as organic fertilizer dispersed in cattle shed (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organic fertilizer excels in quality and fertilizer property. The fertilizer has a short composting time and adjustment of water pH is eliminated. The amount of ammonia generated by fermentation of excrement of livestock, causing a bad smell, is reduced. Since there is no harmful components, FPM dispersed to cattle shed is safe and effective. Fermentation is performed at atmospheric temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacture of organic fertilizer which involves adding 0.2-25 weight part (wt.pts) (dried product conversion) of wheat and/or wheat bran to 100 wt.pts of fermented raw material (dried product conversion); and    (2) an organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A container comprises four corner locations permit assembly and disassembly of the four side panels, and a removable base is located within.    USE - For composting or incineration.    ADVANTAGE - Simple construction is featured, from a flat pack. Parts are interchangeable and no separate fasteners are required. An additional lid may be provided for composting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A perspective with cut-away shows the general appearance and internal base. The detailed construction is shown by other drawings in the disclosure.
NOVELTY - Poor C1/C2 separation occurs in the rectification column (T1) and C2-depleted fraction (8) is recycled before the adsorptive or permeative separation stage (A1).    USE - For obtaining ethylene.    ADVANTAGE - The process is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for recovering an ethylene-rich fraction comprises a combined adsorption and rectification from an olefin-containing mixed fraction withdrawn from a cracking furnace (S). A fraction containing H2, CH4 and CO is removed from the olefin-containing mixed fraction and the fraction containing the residual components is recycled to the rectification column. Poor C1/C2 separation occurs in the rectification column (T1) and C2-stripped fraction (8) is recycled before the adsorptive or permeative separation stage (A1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the ethylene recovery process.    adsorptive or permeative separation stage (A1, A2)    rectification column (T1)    cracking furnace (S)    C2-stripped fraction (8)    C2-enriched fraction (10)
NOVELTY - A fermentation vat holds a charge of organic matter which is continually mixed (16) and generates methane. The vat has an overhead gas outlet pipe under a gas-tight cover incorporating a flexible central section (15).    USE - Methane gas generator vat.    ADVANTAGE - The flexible cover section minimizes the extremities in the rate at which methane gas is discharged. The rate at which methane is generated is not constant over the residence time for each charge. The flexible cover section rises and falls in response to changes in gas pressure within the vat.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional side view of the vat and expanded cover.    Mixer (12, 13) vat (15) flexible cover section (16)
NOVELTY - A decentralized waste disposal system collects, transports and recycles household effluent water, organic wastes and food residues. The organic wastes and food residues are transported to a receiving station where they are brought together with raw sewage. The combined waste materials are transported under pressure through a pipe to a recycling station, where they are converted in an automated process to electrical energy, heat energy, fresh compost and non-potable grey water.    USE - Decentralized waste disposal system for household water effluent, organic wastes and raw sewage.    ADVANTAGE - The process minimizes the unpleasantness associated with and the costs of infrequent refuse collection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a collection station in which the organic refuse, water and raw sewage are brought together.    Compressed air (2)    removal of foreign bodies (3)    shredder (4)    feed (5)    cutter (6)
NOVELTY - A compound oil driving and recovering method by microbes features use of water-injecting well, oil well and microbes and the combination of petroleum microbe with a mature oil-driving method. With said method, the pressure of oil layer and the corrosion to rock stratum are increased, the viscosity of oil and the penetratability of big pore are decreased, the surface and interface tension is reduced and the gap blocked by oil can be dredged.    ADVANTAGE -   Its advantages are high oil-driving effect, high output and recovery rate of crude oil, and low construction cost.
NOVELTY - An in-situ biologic treating technique for the petroleum polluted soil features that on the basis of in-situ ploughing to said polluted soil, a special formula additive containing natural oil-removing microbes is added to quickly degradate the petroleum polluted soil.    ADVANTAGE -   Its advantages are higher degradation speed increased by 1-3 times, low cost and high efficiency.
NOVELTY - Biooxidation of a heap (10) comprising refractory sulfide ore particles a with bioleachate solution collected from the heap and processed to reduce the inhibitory effect caused by the toxic metals and the processed solution is recycled to the heap, is new.    USE - For recovery of metal from refractory sulfide and refractory carbonaceous sulfide.    ADVANTAGE - The biooxidation process prevents the agglomeration of inhibitory material in the recycled solution. The inhibitory material can be removed in the solution during the biooxidation process, thereby reducing the time of processing. The process is economical and reduces the area required for processing during mine operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Biooxidation of a heap (10) comprising refractory sulfide ore particles a with bioleachate solution, is new. The bioleachate contains several inhibitory materials dissolved during biooxidation. The concentration of each individual inhibitory material is below 1 concentration unit and the combined concentration of at least 2 inhibitory materials is sufficient to prevent the biooxidation rate of sulfide particles in the ore. The bioleachate solution is collected from the heap and processed to reduce the inhibitory effect caused by the inhibitory material and the processed solution is recycled to the heap and biooxidizing the sulfide ore in the heap is carried out.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of method of improving the biooxidation rate of refractory sulfide ore particles heap.    Heap (10)
NOVELTY - Isomerization of paraffin hydrocarbons involves contacting feed comprising 4-8C paraffin hydrocarbons with an isomerization catalyst under isomerization conditions. The catalyst comprises (de)hydrogenation component and an acidic solid component comprising group IVB metal oxide modified with an oxyanion of a group VIB metal.    USE - For isomerization of n-paraffinic and mono-methyl branched paraffinic components to higher branched paraffins.    ADVANTAGE - The (de)hydrogenation component imparts ability of material to catalyze the addition of hydrogen to or removal of H2 from organic compounds which are optionally substituted with one or more hetero atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur. The catalyst can be shaped into wide variety of particles in the form of powder, granules or molded product.
NOVELTY - Dry distillation residue discharging apparatus comprises a sealed cooling conveyor (10) through which dry distillation residue (6) separated from carbonized gas (9) is conveyed, and delivered to the dry distillation residue extraction opening (2). The residue is crushed by the crusher (11) and sent to the hopper (4) and air tight sealed.    USE - For processing waste materials such as shredder dust of waste home electrical appliances, municipal solid wastes etc.    ADVANTAGE - Dry distillation residue has very little water content and hence can be ejected smoothly. Sealing of the residue is reliable and environmentally safe process is carried out.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic representation of the dry distillation residue discharging apparatus.    Dry distillation residue extraction opening (2)    Hopper (4)    Dry distillation residue (6)    Carbonized gas (9)    Cooling conveyor (10)    Crusher (11)
NOVELTY - Carbonizing apparatus consists of a carbonizing reactor (14) with a heat source (20), in which a process material is heated and carbonized. The heat source is controlled on the basis of the process material temperature which is detected by a temperature sensor (36) installed in the lower part of carbonizing reactor.    USE - For carbonizing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Since the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the process material, the state of the process material can be correctly assessed and an exact process can be carried out. So continuous heating of the carbonizing reactor can be prevented. Processing time is shortened and power consumption is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded sectional view of the carbonizing reactor of carbonizing apparatus.    Carbonizing reactor (14)    Heat source (20)    Temperature sensor (36)
NOVELTY - Rotary kiln (1) for heating at high temperature and carbonizing carbide (a) comprises an emission unit (8). A water tank (16) for cooling the emitted carbide is provided to the lower end of downward tubular discharge unit (15) attached to the exhaust outlet. Pipes (20, 21) supply water to cool the discharged carbide.    USE - For carbonization reactors useful for carbonizing RDF and inflammable refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Carbide processing is carried out smoothly and oxidizing of carbide in the middle of cooling is not carried out. High quality carbide is efficiently produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of the rotary kiln.    Rotary kiln (1)    carbide (a)    Emission unit (8)    Tubular discharge unit (15)    Water tank (16)    Pipes (20, 21)
NOVELTY - Organic substance fermentation process machine has microorganism support material, decomposition tank content gravimetry means, and moisture content means. The content gravimetry means measures the total content in the decomposition tank.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The rate of drying of the organic substance is controlled. The moisture content is adjusted, so that the water and organic substance ratio is maintained. Favorable aerobic decomposition is carried out.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic substance fermentation process machine has carrier for microorganism which are thrown into decomposition tank and air permeable is raised by the carrier. The organic substance is decomposed by the microorganism. Moisture content means adjusts the moisture content in the tank, so that standard weight is maintained by the memory part which stores the standard weight depending on the quality and quantity of the microorganism carrier supplied and the time of operation.
NOVELTY - The fermentation of waste water is carried out using a microbe in two steps such as acid formation reaction and methane fermentation reaction. The hydrogen is separated from the gas generated by acid formation reaction. The separated hydrogen is used in methane fermentation reaction and hydrogen partial pressure is increased. Thus, methane is formed.    USE - For forming methane by fermentation of waste material using a microbe.    ADVANTAGE - Proliferation and activity of hydrogen utilizing methanation microbe are improved by supplying hydrogen generated in acid formation reaction to methane fermentation tank. Formation of granule is promoted. The efficiency of methane fermentation is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane fermentation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of methane fermentation apparatus.    Acid formation tank (1)    Gas separation membrane unit (3)    Methane fermentation tank (5)
NOVELTY - An organic-inorganic compound microbe fertilizer is made from natural, industrial and agriculture waste through partial degradation to become C and N sources, propagation of yeast and useful fungus as organic nitrogen nutrient, multiplication of Aspergillus niger to activate bound P in lattice state in phosphorus ore into quick-acting P, and breeding silicate bacteria to activate minerals (potashfeldspar and alunite powder) containing potassium oxide in lattice state into quick-acting K.
NOVELTY - Strain of Bacillus subtilis which is capable of reducing nitrate, and contains chitin and/or chitosan in its cell wall, is new.    USE - The microorganism is used as a component of soil improvement compositions, for the fermentative processing of organic wastes, for the fermentation of soybeans (to produce foodstuffs and animal feeds), as an additive for foodstuffs and animal feeds, and as an antimicrobial agent.
NOVELTY - Manufacture of novel molecular sieve adsorbents useful for the separation of methane-nitrogen gaseous mixture, is new.    USE - The adsorbents are useful for the separation of methane-nitrogen gaseous mixture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing a molecular sieve adsorbent for selectively adsorbing methane from a mixture comprising methane and nitrogen comprises:    (1) preparing a mixture of zeolite powder from a zeolite of the formula (I);    (2) shaping the zeolite mixture to obtain adsorbent bodies;    (3) subjecting the adsorbent bodies to calcination; and    (4) subjecting the adsorbent bodies either prior to or after calcination or both, to cationic exchange in the presence of an alkali metal solution to affect surface modification of the adsorbent bodies to obtain the molecular sieve adsorbent of the formula (II).    NamAlmSi48-mO96nH2O (I)    Naa.M1b.M2c.AlxSi48-xO96nH2O (II)    a = 0.1 - 1, b and c = 0 - 8; x = 2 -8; M1 = K or cerium or its mixture and M2 = a rare earth metal ion, and n = the moles of water; m = 2-8; n =0-30, the value of n depends on the value of m and degree of hydration, and clay and an organic binder.
NOVELTY - Method involves grinding fish wastes produced upon reprocessing of cured fillet of sturgeon, culinary or canned product; subjecting to fermentation in the presence of preservative by heating. Vegetable raw material processing wastes with pH value of 3 may be used as preservative. Phytovirous fish internal organs may be used as enzyme preparation in an amount of 15-45% by total weight of fish wastes. Method allows storage time of ready feed product to be increased by reduced rate of oxidation processes.    USE - Fish industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased food and biological value of feed product, simplified production cycle and, as a result, reduced production cost and prolonged storage time.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse is composted by fermenting organic refuse in presence of EM microbe and koji (malt).    USE - The new method is useful for composting organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides an easy way of composting in a short duration of time.
NOVELTY - Fermentation of an organic refuse involving injecting the refuse into processed material and mixing, is new. The mixed product is circulated systematically through the process stages.    USE - The new process is useful for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Organic refuse is processed on a continuous target and excellent compost, stabilized in quality, is manufactured easily.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus (I) has an injection tank, treatment tank and many elimination holes for ejecting finished organic refuse provided to the treatment tank. The injection tank supplies and stores organic refuse inside a casing. The treatment tank is arranged adjacent to injection tank which performs the fermentation of organic refuse.    USE - (I) is useful for processing organic refuse used as fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse is effectively crushed using a spiral crushing nail in the ejection tank so the treatment tank consumes a large quantity. The fermentation is increased and the holes prevent and regulate the organic refuse ejecting out.
NOVELTY - A fermentation processing apparatus of organic waste has fermenter, gravimetry means and moisture content calculation part. The fermenter receives the organic waste and increases the moisture content to a predetermined range. The gravimetry means measures the weight of fermenter. The moisture content calculation calculates the moisture content of the waste based on the value of gravimetry mean.    USE - For processing organic waste containing water such as live stock waste.    ADVANTAGE - The weight change of the fermenter and the moisture content of the waste material can be measured accurately. The moisture content is maintained at suitable state to perform the fermentation process efficiently. The fermentation process is done efficiently for a short time.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus has processing part (S) which carry out biodegradation of the organic refuse, recovery part (K) and a deodorant exhaust gas port (D). A treatment tank (20) is equipped with a switching means to open and close. The treatment is connected with the recovery part through the switch. The recovery part collects the processed material. A gas port exhaust the odor from the recovery part (D).    USE - For processing organic waste such as waste from food processing fields, cooking fields, vegetables, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The processed material can be ejected completely to the recovery part. The processed material can be easily recovered by the slide board. The apparatus can be continuously operated at reduced cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partially notched front elevation of the apparatus.    Treatment tank (20)    Slide board (22)    Blade (23)    Stopper (24)    Re claimer (40)    Process part (S)    Recovery part (K)    Deodorant gas part (D)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprises a process part, a recovery part, a deodorant exhaust gas part and a lid (10) of a treatment tank (TT) (20) receiving organic refuse equipped with a regulator store room (14) storing the regulator opens the lid by which a regulator injection unit attached to TT supply a predetermined amount of regulator to TT.    USE - For food processing fields like cooking fields such as home and food stuffs works, and decomposition process of general refuse of living system ejected from food stuffs production fields such as vegetables.    ADVANTAGE - Labor is not required for the apparatus, since the TT lid is opened by the regulator store room attached to the lid and regulator injection unit supply the predetermined amount of regulator to TT. The apparatus is satisfactory and reliable. The regulator supplied, by storage chamber is maintained at a fixed quantity. Valve opening and closing the elimination hole at the base of the storage chamber composes storage chamber opening-closing exactly. The regulator is smoothly guided from the regulator store room to the storage chamber. The regulator required at the time of organic refuse process is prepared for qualification. A continuous operation and cost reduction is obtained, since the biodegradation process is performed by fermentation method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic refuse processing apparatus comprises the process part for performing biodegradation and processing organic refuse, the recovery part to recover the processed material and the deodorant exhaust gas part for deodorizing odor in the processing part or the recovery part and is exhausted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of treatment tank lid.    Lid (10)    Opening-closing (12)    Regulator store room (14)    Storage chamber (15)    Base (15a)    Elimination hole (15b)    Storage chamber opening-closing (16)    Treatment tank (20)
NOVELTY - A medium material for disposal of garbage comprises buckwheat noodles husk containing six kinds of Bacillus subtilis microbes.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The medium material is durable for preserving at least six kinds of Bacillus subtilis and has wear resistance. The time required for decomposing organic refuse is reduced, weight loss is increased by the super-amount reduction apparatus. Even when the moisture content is high in the apparatus for processing organic refuse neither claying nor flow-out takes place. Wearing, damage, and energy consumption is reduced. The drying temperature condition is favorable to inhibit the microbe which oppose the useful microbes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the medium material. The microorganism binding to the buckwheat noodle husk are dried at 60-80degreesC.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse is processed by adding Bacillus subtilis kubota in a sealed container. The organic refuse is digested enzymically and the generated gas is condensed into water component and recirculated to the container. The microorganism has specific mycological characters.    USE - For processing organic refuse ejected from home, restaurant, super market.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse can be processed efficiently within an air tight container. The volume of the initial organic refuse can be reduced to 2%. The process is hygienic and non polluted. The apparatus doesn't contain any incineration process and the cost is very low. The apparatus can be installed in desired places. The microorganism used in the process is very safe against human.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus for processing organic refuse. The apparatus has a stir part, fermentation part, separation part, air tight chamber and condensation tank. The stir part has a stirring apparatus for stirring organic refuse and Bacillus subtilis kubota supplied through the air tight lid. The fermentation part has second stirring apparatus which stirs the processed refuse and reduce the volume by fermentation. The separation part is equipped with third stirring apparatus which separates the fermented refuse into gaseous material and the residue. The condensation tank and the separation of the air tight chamber are connected externally through a gaseous material extraction pipe.
NOVELTY - Apparatus comprises water vapor formation unit (2) for evaporating water by heat, modifying unit (3) for modification reaction of hydrocarbon group gas and water vapor, heating unit (H) for heating modified gas    USE - For forming hydrogen containing gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen containing gas is produced inexpensively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hydrogen containing gas formation apparatus.    Desulfurization unit (1)    Water vapor formation unit (2)    Modifying unit (3)    Combustion unit (4)    Transformation unit (5)    Selective oxidation unit (6)    Heating gas flow path (7)    Desulfurization gas flow path (9)    Downstream modifying unit gas flow path (10b)    Upstream modifying unit gas flow path (10f)    Waste gas flow path for heating (12)    Downstream cooling unit (13b)    Upstream cooling unit (13f)    Heating unit (H)
NOVELTY - The light diffuser (10) is positioned in the optical path of the coherent light output (4) from a laser source (1) for diffusing the coherent light to eliminate coherence.    USE - In laser absorption spectroscopy to detect the presence and concentration of a target gas.    ADVANTAGE - Target gas can be detected with high precision by suppressing measurement errors caused by multiple reflections of the laser beam. The problem arises because a laser beam has coherence causing coherence originated optical noise. The light diffuser changes the laser beam into incoherent light reducing the problem.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The laser source light output is emitted into the gas cell (2) container (5), having a target gas inlet (8) and outlet (9), to detect the target gas concentration. The diffused light from the gas cell is received by the photodetector (3).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of one embodiment of the detector.    Laser source (1)    Gas cell (2)    Photodetector (3)    Laser beam (4)    Container (5)    Windows (6,7)    Target gas inlet (8)    Target gas outlet (9)    Light diffuser (10)    Diffused light (11)
A lead-free mixed fuel for vehicles and its production method. It is characterized by that 0.1-2% cyclopentadienyl iron (C10H10Fe) is dissolved in methanol (CH4O) solution, then 25-70% methanol (CH4O) and 25-70% light oil are mixed in multi-stage mixer, then 1-10% C4 or C5 (C4H10 or C5H12) is fed into the multi-stage mixer, and is mixed with above-mentioned solution, fed into secondary circulation and filtered so as to obtain the finished product.
A method for raising microecological suitability of microbial fertilizer. Said method is characterized by that a "superhigh-speed high-hygroscopicity resin", i. e. SSAP, called water-retaining agent, is added in the microbial fertilizer granules, and its high expansion rate is utilized to make the microbial granular fertilizer quickly expand, loose and dissolve after application of said fertilizer and quickly produce fertilizer efficiency; and its high water absorption rate is used to retain the microenvironmental humidity of microbion in the fertilizer to make the microbion retain activity so as to raise the microecological suitability of soil, and attain the goal of raising fertilizer efficiency.
The present invention relates to a method for producing methane by means of fermentation of wastes in anaerobic pool. It is characterized by that the heating tubes are distributed in anaerobic pool, and connected with automatic control device. The invented method overcomes the defects of existing technology, it can make the fermentation more complete, and its fermentation temperature can be controlled, investment is low, fermentation is quick, yield is high, the energy-saving efficiency can be doubled and redoubled, and the environment can be completely cleaned up.
NOVELTY - The waste matter is dried in a stirring vessel (1) partitioned vertically into number of drying chamber (2). The quantity of waste matter supplied to successive drying chambers is determined based on the target height value of waste matter in each drying chambers.    USE - Used for drying municipal solid wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Target moisture value after drying is attained easily and accurately by controlling flow of waste matter to drying chambers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the flowchart of the drying method.    Stirring vessel (1)    Drying chambers (2)
NOVELTY - Decomposing pollutants comprising addition of a hyphal culture of edible mushrooms and/or a microbial bed to a sample of contaminated soil or water, is new.    USE - The method is useful for decomposing pollutants such as organo chlorine compound preferably poly chlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and/or dioxines in contaminated soil or water (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Harmful environmental pollutants can be degraded safely and efficiently.
NOVELTY - A new compost bin has four sidewalls and an open access aperture which is closed by a hinged lid which is opened and closed by a lever mechanism that allows the lid to be partially opened to a first position giving unhindered access for small quantities of organic refuse, or to be opened to a second fully open position which gives unhindered access to the full aperture.    USE - The device is used as a compost bin.    ADVANTAGE - The three-position lid provides ease of access for both small and larger quantities of refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the bin with the lid fully raised for maximum access:    Lid (1)    Bin (2)    Rear wall (4)    Side walls (5)    Lever (7)
A process for preparing liquid or solid microbe insecticide features high-concentration waste organic liquid generated in fermentation industry (or the pretreated one) and the natralized Bt spawn are used to culture Bacillus thuringiensis in fermentor, and the fermented liquid is properly treated to obtain said microbe insecticide which has high insecticidal effect and no (or low) toxicity to higher organisms. Its advantages include treating waste liquid, simple process, less equipment, low energy consumption, use of waste and low cost.
The present invention provides a process adding flyash as high-temp. aerobic accelerating agent, and utilizes the biological metabolism action of aerobic microorganism to convert the organic materialbeing in the organic disposal into organic fertilizer. Said invention not only utilizes the wastes, but also adds the flyash so as to shorten the composting time, and raise the compost effect.
A process for preparing bioactive compound phosphorus fertilizer includes such steps as mixing human excrement and urine, animals dung, fowl's droppings, rapeseed cake or cotton-seed cake, waste and discard of slaughterhouse, crop stalk and garbage to obtain slurry containing water (60-80%), adding phosphorus ore (28-30%), ball grinding of the mixture, adding sulfuric acid (23-27%), mixed reaction, mixing the resultant with bone powder in ratio of 100 : (4-6), fermentation examination and packaging. Its advantages include the integration of organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, not blocking and degradation in transportation and storage, and high fertility for promoting growth of crops and increasing yield.
It is characterized by that Co 60 is used as radiation source to radiate a mixed liquid containing biological fertilizer bacteria strain azotobacteria, phosphobacteria and potassium bacteria. The dose rate of radiation source is 0.1-0.4 GY/S, total dose of radiation source is 50-300 GY, radiation time is 500-800 sec. Radiation distance of radiation source is 1-1.5 m.    USE -   The variation velocity of bacteria strain is delayed and the activity of nitrogenase is raised so that the quality of biological fertilizer is enhanced.
In organic ecological fertilizer production we use forest wastes as main raw material and is produced by grinding and high temp. fermentation. The raw material contains 10-70% forest waste, as well as straw, weed, rice husk, manure and waste from slaughtering animals. Proper amount of chemical fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, rare earth element fertilizer, lignite and leonardite are mixed in. This organic ecological fertilizer combines the advantages of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer. It is quick in fertilizer effect does not harden soil, has no pathogenic larva and can improve soil structure.
The present invention discloses a composition of liquefied petroleum welding and cutting gas. It is composed of two portions of mother liquor and additive. Its mother liquor is comprised of C3+C1 (more than 60-95%) and C1+C2+C3 (less than 1-10%), and its additive is comprised of 0.3-0.8g/kg of dimolybdenum-iron, 0.1-0.6g/kg of Chinoni, 0.5-5% of pentadiene isomer, 0.2-4% of pentane isomer, 0.2-4%of hexane isomer and 0.1-3% of aldehydes. Said invention is low in cost, safe in use, and its cutting quality is good.
NOVELTY - An organic biological complex fertilizer and its preparation method. Said complex fertilizer contains ammonium phosphate, K2O (KCl, K2SO4 or K2CO3, turf and bacterial manure. Said complex fertilizer has a large content of humic acid, so that it can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, and can change hardened and impervious state of soil, raise soil fertility, and can make soil have strong adverse resistance, and its effect of increasing production is good.
NOVELTY - A green high-effective organic biological complex fertilizer using turf as main raw material and its preparation method. The composition of said complex fertilizer is composed of natural turf, manure salt, ammonium phosphate and biological bacterial manure. The above-mentioned materials are mixed in a certain proportion so as to obtain the invented complex fertilizer with rich humic acid and several elements necessary for crops and soil and function of improving soil quality and raising soil fertility.
NOVELTY - Method for preparing fodder from crops stalks, specially for preparing the fodder for non-ruminant by using rice straw. The method consists of crushing the rice straw, ammoniation,drying and deammoniation, adding adjuncts and additive, inoculating the mixed saccharomyces and undergoing the solid fermentation, and the non-ruminant fodder is prepared up after drying.
NOVELTY - The present invention adopts the physical, chemical, biological and specially the mixed culture fermentation method to process the crops stalks and make them transform into thallus protein fodder. The product yield is high, the crude protein content is high and the crude fibre content is decreased greatly. Said method features simple process and low cost.
NOVELTY - Biocatalytical plant using the process according to EP 058707-B1 includes the following sequence: (a) equal detox process (detoxifying dynamic equalization), (b) biocavitation, (c) biocatalyst process microbe metabolism activator with development of biological oxygen and salt tolerance factor, (d) sedimentation tank (11) and (e) phytopurification by micro algae in a lagoon (optional).    USE - The biocatalytic process is used for synergistic treatment of waste water and biodegradation of any polluting substance. The plant can be used for both flows of municipal waste and industrial waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Applications of biocatalytic process in synergism with marine microorganisms is capable of biodegrading any type of pollutant substance in water. The biocavitation (surface suction via a cavitational air vortex with one way flow obtained with opposite hydrojet on the bottom and wall) effect produced in biocavitation tank obtained with air vortex suction increases the contact between microorganism, support substrate and oxygen collected for optimizing of biological activity as well as the production of catalytic oxygen by the biocatalyst. The equal detox enhances any biopurification process whether biocatalyzed or not (claimed).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the general view of biocatalytical pilot plant.    Equal detox tank (5)    Biocavitation tank (7)    Granular substrate (8)    Sedimentation tank (11)    Air lift biopump (13)    Photosynthetic and chemosynthetic hyperbaric biocolumns (15)    Inert inorganic colloidal substrate (16)
NOVELTY - Produced water containing impurities generated during fossil fuel production is treated by delivering the produced water to a vessel offshore, subjecting the produced water to advanced treatment within the vessel for sufficient time to reduce the impurities and discharging the treated water from the vessel.    USE - For the treatment of produced water (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The treatment of produced water provides economical and advanced biological treatment of produced water in an offshore facility to reduce the amount of pollutants and avoids the disadvantages of deep well injection disposal of produced water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) an apparatus to perform biological treatment of desired amount of produced water generated from production of fossil fuel. The apparatus comprises a vessel containing produced water during biological treatment and designed for deployment offshore, port (I) in the vessel for delivering produced water to closed space, port (II) in the vessel for discharging the produced water after treatment and port (III) for introducing gases into the vessel. The vessel is formed with substantially closed space which is having sufficient volume to contain desired amount of produced water during deployment. The vessel contains an aerator for release of gases inside the vessel and a conduit connecting the port (III) to the aerator; and (ii) production of fossil fuels with low pollutant emission from a well involves producing fossil fuel accompanied with produced water, separating the produced water from the fossil fuels, and treating the produced water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of soft submersible produced water treatment unit for offshore facilities.
NOVELTY - Fuel supply flow path of oxidizing agent is formed between pair of electrodes. The minute material (500) of fuel supply path is provided with hydrophilic agent.    USE - Fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since minute particles of fuel supply path oxidizing agent has hydrophilic surface, flow of fuel is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of fuel battery.    Minute material (500)
NOVELTY - Air is heated by heat exchanger (30) using steam generated from boiler. The hot air is supplied to the upstream side heating tube (35) arranged in upstream side chamber (S1). The hot gas generated due to combustion of fossil fuel, is supplied to downstream side heating tube (36) arranged in downstream side chambers (S2), using hot blast generator (12).    USE - For processing waste material such as municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - The consumption of fuel, for generating hot gas, is reduced. Therefore running cost is reduced. The corrosion of reactor, is reduced. Since clean combustion gas is used for heating purpose, maintenance cost is thus reduced. The replacing and repair of heat exchanger is easy, since it is installed out side the reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Inflow path (S3) and outflow path (S4) are formed between upstream side chamber and downstream chamber of drum (25). Both chambers are mutually coupled via connection pipe (37). The upstream side heating tubes extends from outlet (25d) to inflow path of drum. The downstream side heating tubes, extend from inlet (25f) to outflow path of drum.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section of dry distillation thermolysis system.    Hot blast generator (12)    Chamber of drums (25)    Outlet (25d)    Inlet (25f)    Heat exchanger (30)    Upstream side heating tube (35)    Downstream side heating tube (36)    Upstream side chamber (S1)    Downstream side chamber (S2)    Inflow path (S3)    Outflow path (S4)
NOVELTY - Processing organic refuse (4) comprising mixing with decomposition material (3) in an organic refuse plastic storage container (2), is new. Organic refuse is processed by microorganism.    USE - The method and apparatus is useful for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation floor of organic refuse processing apparatus has water component regulation function, air permeability maintenance and microorganism implanting medium, thereby forming a suitable environment for microorganisms. Stirring apparatus of organic refuse storage container is controlled based on temperature of storage container is controlled based on temperature of storage container. Fermentation smell is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of organic refuse processing method using fermentation floor.    Organic refuse plastic storage container (2)    Decomposition material (3)    Organic refuse (4)
NOVELTY - The bark debris obtained by crushing the bark of fibrous material having short fibers is used as sludge disposal material.    USE - For waste water treatment, sludge disposal and to obtain soil improvement material.    ADVANTAGE - The water component of sludge can be removed cheaply, thus solidifying the sludge. Dioxins in the sludge are degraded, thus preventing damage to the plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) soil improvement material; and    (b) sludge disposal method    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model of soil improvement method.
NOVELTY - Ventilation fan (6) which draws air inside stirring decomposition tank (3), is connected with a heat exchanger (9) arranged near the tank to extract heat from the air. Heat release section of the heat exchanger is arranged in aeration path between air intake opening (2a) of outer case (2) and air supply opening (3a) of the tank.    USE -   In organic refuse processing apparatus for home, restaurant.    ADVANTAGE -   The absorption of heat from exhaust air of decomposition tank minimizes discharge of heat to outside and thus power consumption by the heater in heating air inside the tank is minimized to lower cost. Since the heat release section of the heat exchanger is arranged in the aeration path between air intake opening and air supply opening, the air supply to tank is heated and the power consumption by the heater is minimized. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus. (2) Outer case; (2a) Intake opening; (3) Decomposition tank; (3a) Air supply opening; (6) Ventilation fan; (9) Heat exchanger.
NOVELTY - Isobutane preliminarily mixed with 91-97% sulfuric acid is alkylated for 20 min by thermal cracking gasoline fraction at 5-10 C, pressure 1.50-1.75 atm, isobutane/gasoline fraction volume ratio (1-2):1, isobutane/olefins ratio (1.5-2):1, and sulfuric acid/olefins ratio 1:1.    USE - Motor fuels.    ADVANTAGE - Increased yield of product by 28% (based on the weight of olefins), reduced process pressure, and reduced isobutane/olefins ratio.
(NO307823-B1)   NOVELTY - Treatment of organic material, is new.    USE - The treatment of organic material is used for the production of biogas and energy and for treatment of organic wastes (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method offers, an optimal and efficient two-step anaerobic biological process for treatment of organic material, and to give a high yield of methane by efficient control of the presence of VFA in the reactors. Optimal pH ranges were maintained for the processes in both reactors without the use of pH regulating chemicals. The method offers a more robust process monitoring and a process that will adapt more efficiently to changes in quality, amount of feed and allows for using more indirect, but robust measurement in automatic process control for treatment of organic material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises hydrolysis and dissolution of slurried, suspended and dissolved organic waste fed into an acidification reactor (1) forming volatile fatty acids. The remnant liquid is transferred to methanogenic reactor (2), where treatment is finalized. By pulsed recirculation between reactors, the amount of volatile fatty acids in each reactor is maintained within preset upper and lower limits.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - This figure shows the schematic diagram of a two-step anaerobic reactor system.    Acidification reactor (1)    Methanogenic reactor (2)
NOVELTY - Inflammable solid synthetic resin is ground to a particle size of 10 mm or less which is greater than maximum particle size set as 2 mm or less. The ground particles are supplied as fuel to rotary kiln of reactor of baking apparatus for cement manufacture.    USE - As a fuel for cement manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing cost is markedly lowered. Waste material containing synthetic resin can also be used as a source of solid synthetic resin thereby aiding in recycling of waste effectively.
NOVELTY - Modifier has a modification reaction part (10) to which the heating gas is supplied and modified in presence of hydrogen enriched gas. The modification reaction part comprises 0.5-1.5 wt.% of molybdenum, 40-50 wt.% of chromium and 48 wt.% of nickel along with unavoidable impurities as remainder.    USE - For modifying hydrocarbon group heating gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), methane, naphtha, kerosene, methanol and gasoline supplied to fuel battery or engine.    ADVANTAGE - The oxidation, deformation, corrosion, methane slip and carbon precipitation during operation of modifier, are prevented. The strength of modifier is excellent even at high temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for modification reaction part used in modifier. The component contains molybdenum, chromium and nickel along with unavoidable impurities as remainder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of modifier.    Modification reaction part (10)
NOVELTY - A primary cylinder (1) filled with combustion catalyst (8) is surrounded by a secondary cylinder (2) filled with modification catalyst (9) subsequently surrounded by an outer cylinder (3). The outer cylinder has an exit sideboard (5) and an entrance sideboard (4) with a fuel mouth (6). The outer circumferential surfaces of the cylinders consists of perforated panel (10).    USE - For hydrogen gas manufacture from fuels such as hydrocarbons, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas or methanol and water vapor used in solid polymeric type fuel batteries of electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - As primary and secondary cylinders are filled with combustion and modification catalysts, heat due to partial oxidation is transmitted by modification catalyst so as to increase thermal efficiency. As cylinders are used, the modifier becomes compact with good pressure resistance and excellent manufacturing property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The entrance sideboard has fuel mouth that supplies fuel, air or oxygen and water vapor into primary cylinder. An air vent sends air or oxygen between primary and secondary cylinders. Alternately, a partition cylinder is arranged inside the primary hollow cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of fuel modifier.    Primary cylinder (1)    Secondary cylinder (2)    Outer cylinder (3)    Entrance sideboard (4)    Exit sideboard(6) Fuel mouth (5)    Combustion catalyst (8)    Modification catalyst (9)    Perforated panel (10)
NOVELTY - Fluid introductory manifolds (15,16) and fluid elimination manifold are provided on a laminate (1) divided into blocks (11,12). The fluid conduction path of separators (41,42) are connected with one of the fluid introductory manifolds and fluid elimination manifold.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The rate of supplying flow between cells and unevenness in temperature is decreased. Since cryogen conduction path of separator is connected with one of cryogen introduction manifold and cryogen elimination manifold.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    Laminate (1)    Blocks (11,12)    Introductory manifolds (15,16)    Separators (41,42)
NOVELTY - The flow paths (4-6) for gases are arranged along the main surface and side walls of honeycomb mold (1). Anode is connected facing flow path of gas and cathode faces flow path of another gas. Introductory holes (2,3) are provided along main surface and side wall for inserting gas through respective flow paths.    USE - Electrochemical cell e.g. water vapor cell, NOx decomposition cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since introductory holes are provided for insertion of gas through respective flow path, damage caused due to heating is reduced and structure is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flow path is connected to solid electrolyte by interconnector. The flow path is surrounded by electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of electrochemical cell.    Honeycomb mold (1)    Introductory holes (2,3)    Flow paths (4-6)
NOVELTY - The cell laminate is supported between the pressure plates (4a). The holes (5-10) are formed in the plate (4a) to supply and discharge the hot gas, oxidized agent gas and cooling water. The corrosion resistance of the holes is set high.    USE - For motor vehicle, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids contamination of gas passage way and cooling water flowpath by corrosion product, electrode catalyst. Improves reliability of battery by avoiding corrosion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each cell has an electrode and contact piece that makes contact with electrolyte. The hot gas and oxidizing agent gas are supplied to the electrode through the gas conduction path in the separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of pressure plate.    Pressure plates (4a)    Holes (5-10)
NOVELTY - Gas feed hoppers (8,10) are provided at same height as that of gas supply manifold of battery laminate and are connected to hoppers (9,11) at lower portion via holes (31,32). Gas receptacles (12,14) are provided at same height as that of emission manifold. Emission holes (33,34) are provide to receptacles (13,15) which are at higher position are connected to exterior piping.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel battery of small size is obtained and drain holes reliably eject condensed water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The drain branch holes (16,17) at emission manifold are connected to the exterior. The hoppers are provided adjacent to the laminate pressure plates (6,7). The drain holes are provided at position lower than emission manifold. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel battery aggregate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of pressure plate.    Gas feed hoppers (8,10)    Hoppers (9,11)    Gas receptacles (12,14)    Receptacles (13,15)    Holes (31,32)    Emission holes (33,34)
NOVELTY - The battery is divided into different laminations (1-4). Feed pipes and discharge pipes (6a-6c) through which supply and exhaustion of fuel for cell takes place respectively, are provided in parallel with the direction of laminations.    USE - For fuel battery used in motor vehicles and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the battery is divided into laminations, electricity generation property is carried out for every lamination, thereby facilitating proper mounting of battery on vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows fuel battery for motor vehicles.    Laminations (1-4)    Discharge pipes (6a-6c)
NOVELTY - The heating gas inlet (10) connected with heating gas introduction manifold hole (1), is connected via fuel gas passageway groove (9) to heating gas emission manifold hole (8). The cross-section of at least one gas conduction paths (11,31) of gas inlet and gas receptacle is made larger than that of gas passageway groove.    USE - For solid polymeric polyelectrolyte type fuel battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The interconnected gas inlet and receptacle makes fluid resistance of gas small and water collection during electricity generation does not occur.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas manifold integrated separator of solid polymeric polyelectrolyte fuel battery.    Transduction manifold hole (1)    Gas emission manifold hole (8)    Passageway groove (9)    Gas inlet (10)    Conduction paths (11,31)
NOVELTY - A waste gas piping provided to upper portion of combustion furnace is branched bilaterally. A cooling system (6) connected to pyrolignous acid pool (11) cools the gas produced by carbonization to normal temperature. A discharge device (8) is connected to upper portion of cooling system while separation tank (9) is connected to lower portion.    USE - For recycling of waste wood such as construction waste.    ADVANTAGE - Excels in environmental hygiene as soot is not formed and ejected gas is made completely harmless since a discharge device is connected to upper portion of cooling system. Recycles useful waste wood as pyrolignous acid and charcoal are obtained. Facilitates easy choosing of simple incineration process line.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The combustion gas washer is connected to other branch of waste gas piping. The branch position of pyrolignous acid production line and combustion gas washer can be changed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of pyrolignous acid production line which follows the position of damper.    Cooling system (6)    Discharge device (8)    Separation tank (9)    Pyrolignous acid pool (11)
NOVELTY - Pipes (6,7) are provided for flow of heating and cooling media respectively, to heat and cool the organic gas (G). A stir unit (8) actuated by a motor (9), is equipped for stirring the gas. A discharge pipe (5) is provided at lower portion of gas treatment unit (1), for outflow of hydrogen chloride gas. A recovery unit (2) collects organic substance in solid or liquid form.    USE - For collecting organic substance from gas generated during dehydrochlorination of plastic wastes for generation of solid, liquid fuels.    ADVANTAGE - Organic substance is collected easily by heating and cooling the gas to suitable temperature and by using the stir unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stir unit includes two rotary shafts with mutually engaging spiral valves. The stir unit is coupled to motor by universal joint. An oil drop recovery section is provided in hydrogen chloride gas discharge pipe. A conveyance unit (11) transfers a particular kind of organic substance from the organic substance collection tank (10) to the storage tank (14). The pressures of gas flow within heating or cooling chamber (3) and within hydrogen chloride gas discharge pipe are detected and pressure differential is calculated. A control unit actuates the stir unit based on the computed pressure differential so as to collect a particular kind of solidified matter. Alternatively, the stir unit is comprised of a rating rod fixed to the rotary shaft coupled to the motor or is comprised by stir board fixed to rotary shaft and by balls that are rotated by turning effect of the stir board.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic substance collection system.    Treatment unit (1)    Organic substance recovery part (2)    Cooling chamber (3)    Discharge pipe (5)    Heating and cooling medium guide pipe (6,7)    Stir unit (8)    Motor (9)    Organic substance collection tank (10)    Conveyance tank (11)    Storage tank (14)
NOVELTY - A feed hopper (5) is provided to upper side of outer pipe (1). Processed plastic ejection opening is formed in downstream side of outer pipe. Multiple extraction opening (9) are formed along longitudinal direction of outer pipe (1).    USE - For processing waste plastic.    ADVANTAGE - The system performs multiple functions, therefore processing is continuous. The space and cost is reduced. The combustion vapor is deodorized by supplying to burner. The running cost is reduced since combustion vapor is used as fuel of burner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A screw conveyor (10) is provided in extraction pipe (11) connected to extraction opening (9a) formed in lower side of outer pipe. Waste plastics are arbitrarily ejected via extraction opening by suitably performing switching of openings. The connecting tube (22) couples exhaust point (8) formed in upper side of outer pipe, to inlet (21) of inner pipe (2), formed to vicinity of burner (19), so that vapor generated in process chamber (4) formed between inner and outer tube, is guided to exterior side of process chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of processing system.    Outer pipe (1)    Inner pipe (2)    Process chamber (4)    Feed hopper (5)    Exhaust point (8)    Extraction opening (9)    Extraction opening (9a)    Screw conveyor (10)    Extraction pipe (11)    Burner (19)    Inlet (21)    Connecting tube (22)
NOVELTY - Slurry containing hydrogen absorbing denitrifying bacteria is circulated in treatment tank (2) and the bacteria is adhered to cathode (9) which becomes bio catalyst fixation electrode. Electrolysis of water containing nitrogen to which inorganic compound is added, is performed in tank and hydrogen is generated at cathode. Current supply is stopped when decomposition has occurred and water is denitrified.    USE - For processing water containing nitrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Bio catalyst is fixed uniformly on the cathode and fixation time is shortened. Processing efficiency is raised as electrode and water are contacted for long time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section of bio catalyst fixation apparatus.    Treatment tank (2)    Cathode (9)
NOVELTY - Gas produced by thermolysis of biomass contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide as principle components is contacted with the methane produced by the methanation microbe.    USE - For treating biological waste.    ADVANTAGE - The combustion of biomass is carried out efficiently and easily. The conversion of biomass is done with minimum extent. The carbon dioxide ejected by the combustion of biomass is again supplied as biomass therefore concentration of carbon dioxide in air is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the biomass thermolysis gas treatment equipment. The equipment has a thermolysis means to carry out thermolysis of biomass to obtain a gas consist of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and a methane fermentation means to make contact gas and the methanation microbe to form methane.
NOVELTY - Reactive gas is fed to fuel cell (1) through inlet (11) and residual gas is evacuated through outlet (12). Recurrently and successively, gas pressure in at least one reference region between inlet (11) and outlet (12) is increased and then lowered, to create gas turbulence during at least part of its transit and on at least a part of the gas path between the inlet and outlet.    USE - Improved constancy of performance of the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The circulation and feeding of the reactive gas to the fuel cell is assured in a dynamic manner and the 'lung' effect created assures a contribution of gas to all points in the cell between the inlet and outlet to the cell, whilst preventing the accumulation of water in the liquid state in certain places.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is given for the feed device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows part of the feed circuit for a fuel cell according to the invention.    Fuel cell (1)    Gas inlet (11)    Gas outlet (12)    Valve (15)
NOVELTY - The feed gas is sent to a pressure modulation adsorber (2) which contains an adsorber with a low affinity for hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CO) and a strong affinity for the other components. The gas from this adsorber is sent to a purifier (3) using permeation provided with membranes which strongly select between CO and hydrogen, producing a stream of pure CO.    USE - Economical production of high purity CO at a useable pressure    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for carrying out the above process, with a PSA (pressure swing adsorber) (2) and a purifier (3).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic representation of the CO separation apparatus.    Reformer (1)    Adsorber (2)    Purifier (3)    Balance capacity (4, 5)    Compressor (6)    Reformer (7)    Burners (8)    Feed pipe (9)    Outlet pipe (10)    Heat recovery unit (11)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell is system supplying electric power comprises: (1) an electrolyte (8); (2) a cathode catalyst (20) between a cathode substrate (18) and the electrolyte on one side of the electrolyte; (3) an anode catalyst (12) between an anode substrate (10) and the electrolyte on the opposite side of the electrolyte; (4) a cathode flow field (2) having an inlet for flowing oxidant in contact with the cathode, the cathode field being vented to permit release of exhaust; (5) an oxidant pump (30) for pumping oxidant to the cathode flow field inlet; (6) an anode flow field (2') for allowing a stream of hydrogen to contact the anode, the anode field having an exhaust; (7) a hydrogen source (22) for the anode flow field; and (8) an anode flow field exhaust line connecting the exhaust of the anode flow field to a hydrogen/oxidant catalytic surface, where hydrogen in the exhaust of the anode flow field will be combusted.    USE - For dissipating residual fuel emanating from the anode flow field of a fuel call so that the flow is sufficient to purge inert residue which accumulates on the anode side of the cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system for supplying electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a part of a fuel cell system.    Cathode flow field plate (2)    Anode flow field plate (2')    Electrolytic membrane (8)    Anode substrate (10)    Anode catalyst layer (12)    Cathode flow field (16)    Anode flow field (16')    Cathode substrate (18)    Cathode catalyst layer (20)    Hydrogen supply line (24)    Hydrogen supply regulator (28)    Air blower (30)    Anode exhaust (50)    Flammability sensor (54)    Gas composition analyzer (57)    Catalytic converter (69)    Cathode oxidant stream (74)
NOVELTY - Production of fuel from organic wet fraction (OWF) involves partially drying OWF which is separated into two fractions having dimensions above and below a predefined cut-off point, respectively. Each fraction is separated based on diameter and optionally density, to form two sub-fractions containing organic and inert materials, respectively. Sub-fractions are mixed and processed to form fuel.    USE - For producing fuel (claimed) from biomass component of waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables production of fuels from OWF, analogous waste flows such as domestic refuse, organic fraction from industrial waste, green waste, ground maintenance waste, organic fraction from construction and demolition waste, etc., efficiently. The method is technically and economically feasible, thereby enabling end products such as green fuel and sand.
NOVELTY - A proton exchange membrane fuel cell has a reformate fuel stream having acceptable level of carbon monoxide impurity.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell provides better performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A proton exchange membrane fuel cell includes a reformate fuel stream having a diluted hydrogen (H) fuel, acceptable level of carbon monoxide (CO) impurity, and air; a polymer electrolyte membrane (14) having an electrocatalytic surface comprising an anode side on which a mixture of an electrocatalyst (13) and a polymer is bonded; and an anode made of a porous electrically conductive material (12) abutting the electrocatalytic surface and having an oxidation catalyst layer (18) for catalyzing CO oxidation by the oxygen. The catalyst layer is derived from a precious metal and a hydrophobic material, which does not form an ionic conduction path between the hydrophobic material and the membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded cross-section of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.    Electrically conductive material (12)    Electrocatalyst (13)    Polymer electrolyte membrane (14)    Oxidation catalyst layer (18)
NOVELTY - Separation of a gas stream of hydrocarbons into a volatile residue gas fraction with a major portion of methane comprises withdrawing a liquid distillation stream from a fractionation tower and heating, returning the heated stream to a lower point of the tower separated by a theoretical stage, and maintaining the overhead temperature to recover portions of the less volatile fraction.    USE - For the separation of a gas containing hydrocarbons, e.g. ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane, and/or heavier hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The process recovers more 2C components and heavier hydrocarbon components in the bottom liquid product for a given carbon dioxide concentration in the feed gas. A product treating system for removal of carbon dioxide is eliminated, thus lowering capital cost. The process produces a residue gas which contains all of the methane in the feed gas with essentially none of the 2C components and heavier hydrocarbon components, and a bottoms fraction leaving the demethanizer which contains all 2C components and heavier hydrocarbon components with essentially no methane or volatile components while meeting plant specifications for maximum permissible carbon dioxide content.
NOVELTY - Recovery of additional expansion agent from the expansion process of tobacco and other agricultural products comprises withdrawing the expansion agent in the impregnation vessel (12) at the end of the second depressurization step during multi-step depressurization sequence, and transmitting a portion of the expansion agent to low pressure gas tank (16).    USE - For the recovery of additional expansion agent from the expansion process of tobacco or other agricultural products.    ADVANTAGE - The method results in an improved hydrate formation and improved efficiency in the recovery of the expansion agents.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a process for the expansion of tobacco and other agricultural products which includes the additional expansion agent recovery method;    (b) an apparatus for recovering additional expansion agent comprising: flow control valve (23) for withdrawing the expansion agent from the impregnation vessel at the end of the second depressurization step, and valve (25) for transmitting a portion of an expansion agent to a low pressure gas tank; and    (c) an expanded tobacco product or other product produced by the expansion method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a carbon dioxide recovery method.    Impregnation vessel (12)    Low pressure gas tank (16)    Flow control valves (19, 23, 25, 27)    High-pressure gas compressor (24)
NOVELTY - The field has one or more channels having a depth of less than 800psim and a width of less than 800 psim. The field has several channels having a pitch of less than 800psim. An active area has channels separated by land areas, where the land area is less than 25% of the active area of the flow field. The channels have a depth of less than 800psim and a width of less than 800psim.    USE - For membrane electrode assemblies in electrochemical cells such as fuels cells.    ADVANTAGE - Water can be actively moved through channels of narrow depth or width that have little hydraulic pressure drop maintaining accessibility of reactants to entire cell active area.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a diffuser current collector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph of voltage vs current density representing the polarization curves for three fuel cells according to the invention.
NOVELTY - An isolated microorganism of the strain Bacillus (ATCC 202136), is new.    USE - The bacteria and the composition comprising the bacteria and one or more other microorganisms are useful in the treatment of wastewater, plumbing system components and animal feed (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - (I) was further identified as Bacillus pumilus GC subgroup B by the Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Analysis method using Trypticase Soy Broth Agar version 3.9 at 28degreesC of the database of Microcheck Inc., Northfield, Vt.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a composition comprising (I) and one or more other microorganisms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure charts the production of lipase enzymes at various points within a temperature range by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains RLM-007Ab (ATCC 202133) and RLM-012B (ATCC 202134).
NOVELTY - Heterogeneous waste (HW) is treated to remove organic compounds (volatile or non-volatile) by contacting with microbe(s) to decompose the compounds. The organic compounds are sources of carbon and energy for the microbes. Subsequently, volume of bulk materials are reduced. Alternately, removal of metals and/or reduction of bulk materials is performed after removing organic compounds from the waste.    USE - For treating waste containing volatile organic compounds, hydrocarbons, metals and/or bulk materials.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective volume reduction of bulk materials, effective removal of organic compounds and metals (such as lead and chromium) from the waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for oxidation of toluene which involves contacting toluene with Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain OFS (ATCC 29672) to form a mixture of oxidized products such as benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzoate, para-cresol, 4-methylcatechol, cis-dihydrodiol, 3-methylcatechol or dihydroxybenzoic acid.
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus, is new and comprises a process unit (S) to perform biodegradation and processing of organic refuse, a recovery unit (K) to recover biodegraded processed material and a deodorant exhaust gas unit (D) to deodorize the recovered material.    USE - The apparatus is useful for food processing fields such as cooking fields, foodstuff works, home refuse, vegetables cultivation fields.    ADVANTAGE - Reliable crushing of organic refuse with simple composition, is achieved. Cleaning and repair maintenance of the crushing unit is performed easily. The passage of processed material to the recovery part and cutting blade, is done smoothly by free fall. The processed material is reliably crushed by a rotary cutter. Continuous operation and cost reduction of the crushing unit are attained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic refuse processing apparatus, is new and comprises a process unit (S) to perform biodegradation and processing of organic refuse, a recovery unit (K) to recover biodegraded processed material and a deodorant exhaust gas unit (D) to deodorize the recovered material. A crusher for crushing the processed material finely, is provided between the lower side of process unit and the upper side of recovery unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus:    Deodorant exhaust gas unit (D)    Recovery unit (K)    Process unit (S)
NOVELTY - A decomposition promotion material (9) containing the chaff is contained in the microorganism activity processing chamber provided with a circular air permeable floor plate (3) in the U-bottom shaped mixing drum (2). A horizontal revolving shaft (5) having an arm stick (51) with a stirrer blade (52) is set in the mixing drum for stirring the kneaded material.    USE - For garbage disposal used for processing organic refuse ejected from home, dining room, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse is processed in a non-pollution process by effective usage of the activity of a microorganism. Stabilization of the growth rate of microorganism and metabolic activation are achieved. Contributes to environmental protection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of the garbage disposer orthogonal to the horizontal shaft.    Mixing drum (2)    Floor plate (3)    Revolving shaft (5)    Decomposition promotion material (9)    Arm stick (51)    Stirrer blade (52)
NOVELTY - The garbage processor has a partition (7) which separates an equalizing tank (3) from a processing tank (2). Garbage in the processing tank and that overflown into the equalizing tank are agitated by respective stirring blades (5,6). The projected area of the equalizing tank stirring blade which is of circular cross-section is less than that of the stirring blade in the processing tank.    USE - For processing raw garbage.    ADVANTAGE - Decreases the equalizing tank stirring torque by using a blade of circular cross-section with slippery tip. Avoids lifting of garbage from the equalizing tank by the stirring blade. Ensures completion of processing of garbage in equalizing tank reliably before being discharged into a receiving tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the view garbage processor.    Processing tank (2)    Equalizing tank (3)    Stirring blades (5,6)    Partition (7)
NOVELTY - The fermentation tank (1) is housed in a casing (10) with a lid (12) covering opening (10a) for feeding raw garbage. Air inlet and outlet ports (1b,1a) are formed on opposite sides at the upper part of the tank. Lower part of opening (10a) extends to below the upper edge of the inlet port. The inlet port is arranged from the lower end to the upper part of the opening (10a).    USE - For fermentation tank used in processing raw garbage from domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Improves fermentation by ensuring dispersal of necessary oxygen and maintaining suitable environment in the fermentation tank due to proper orientation of the air inlet and outlet ports. Avoids ingress of rain water by providing air hole inside a recess in the casing which serves as handle. Enables easy exchange of filter without opening the lid, since an insertion hole is provided in the casing above the exhaust port. Avoids leakage of bad smell during filter exchange. Reduces cost by avoiding a separate deodorization device, since such device is integrated with the machine. Avoids necessity of special connecting piece and extra space for the deodorization device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the raw garbage processing machine.    Fermentation tank (1)    Outlet port (1a)    Inlet port (1b)    Casing (10)    Opening (10a)    Lid (12)
NOVELTY - Apparatus for processing organic refuse has processing unit, recovery unit and deodorant exhaust gas unit. The processing unit is equipped in a treatment tank which carries out biodegradation of the organic refuse. The recovery unit collects the processed material. The exhaust outlet has a switch part for ejecting processed material to the recovery unit which is interlocked at the lid of the treatment tank.    USE - For processing organic refuse in fields such a food processing, cooking fields and foodstuffs works.    ADVANTAGE - The treatment tank consists of a single tank having a large volume which prevents jamming of processed material. The apparatus can be operated continuously at reduced cost.
NOVELTY - A liquid or first waste material of high moisture content is adsorbed on second waste material of low moisture content and its surface area is increased. After adsorption, the second waste material is dried and drying resources are obtained as by-products.    USE - For obtaining useful drying resources such as food, drug, nutrition supplement food, feed, fertilizer and fuel.    ADVANTAGE - As surface area of first waste material is increased, the drying time is reduced, therefore the installation and running cost for drying is minimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing system of liquid waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the processing system of the liquid like waste material.    Processing system (10)    Drying chamber (11)    Dehumidification cold wind drying apparatus (12)    Mixed apparatus (M).
NOVELTY - A recycling method of plant derived waste material produced from foodstuff manufacturing processes involves mixing the waste material with plant cultivation soil and cultivating mushroom.    USE - As mushroom cultivation bed and for cultivation of plants (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Waste materials produced from foodstuff manufacture are reutilized, thus enabling recycling of resources and environmental pollution control.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for agricultural materials such as mushroom culture bed, containing plant origin waste materials from foodstuff manufacture.
NOVELTY - The reformer uses oxygen to perform a partial oxidation reforming reaction, which primarily occurs in the central area of an internal chamber. A steam reforming reaction primarily occurs in an outer peripheral area in the vicinity of the inner surface of the outer wall of the internal chamber.    USE - For reforming a hydrocarbon raw material, e.g. methane, methanol etc., to produce hydrogen for fuel cell fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The reformation efficiency is improved, and the outer wall is maintained at a relatively low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reformer (10) has an internal space enclosed by an outer wall (12), and combines a steam reforming reaction and a partial oxidation reforming reaction, to produce a fuel gas containing hydrogen from a hydrocarbon raw material.    The reformer comprises:    (a) a hydrocarbon raw material supply, that supplies the internal chamber;    (b) a steam supply (13) that supplies steam into the internal chamber such the amount of steam increases from the center towards the inner surface of the outer wall; and    (c) an oxygen supply that supplies oxygen into the internal chamber the amount of oxygen increases from the inner surface of the outer wall toward the center.    The partial oxidation reforming reaction primarily occurs in the central area (14) of the internal chamber. The steam reforming reaction primarily occurs in an outer peripheral area (16) in the vicinity of the inner surface of the outer wall.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a fuel reforming method using the above reformer; and    (2) a fuel cell system including a fuel cell that generates electricity by being supplied with reformed gas from the above reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the reformer.    reformer (10)    outer wall (12)    steam supply (13)    central area (14)    outer peripheral area (16)
NOVELTY - The calculating unit is for identifying formed gas and calculating the concentration base on the output signal of the measuring instruments.    USE - Used for evaluating catalyst performance. Used also in the hydrogenation reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen under catalyst for production of methanol as well as oxidation reaction of propane and oxygen under catalyst for production of acrolein or acrylic acid.    ADVANTAGE - Catalysts can be made concurrently, quickly and in simple steps. The catalyst shows good reaction from lower temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus for evaluating catalyst performance comprises (a) vessel in which catalysts are disposed at a distance from each other; (b) a supply device for supplying a reactant gas into the vessel; (c) several measuring instruments provided with at least one gas sensor for ache of the catalysts, each gas sensor sensing the formed gas individually by contact of the reactant gas with the catalysts, and outputting signals according to the kind and concentration of the formed gas and (c) calculating unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows schematic view of the evaluation apparatus.
NOVELTY - Composting materials are treated by pumping air into a closed container with waste materials. The air is taken from the container so that it will recirculate back to an introduction location of the material.    USE - For treating composting materials especially high protein waste.    ADVANTAGE - The invention reduces noxious odor and assists in reducing pathogens. There is no difficulty in having a container in the vicinity of habitation because the air and gases are simply recycled and are not bled out to the atmosphere. The ammonia being recycled can of itself be separated and used for conversion to fertilizer by passing the nitrogen-rich gases through sulfuric acid to form ammonium sulfate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) apparatus for composting of material; and    (2) compost resulting from the above method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an apparatus for carrying out the above method.    Container (1)    Openable lid (2)    Conduits (4)    Pump (7)    Biofilter (8)
NOVELTY - A food waste treating device capable of efficiently treating food waste, called garbage, through degradation by effective microbes, is new.    USE - The device is used for treating waste food.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A food waste treating device capable of efficiently treating food waste, called garbage, through degradation by effective microbes, is new.    The garbage (10) is shred by a disposer (2), the shred garbage (10) is carried to a drain-off column (4) through a water-flow pipe (3), the drained-off garbage (10) is compressed by a compressing unit (5) for volume reduction, the compressed garbage (10) is charged into an agitating tank (6) where it is agitated together with biochips (60), stored in advance, by agitating rods (62), a malodorous air generated by fermented garbage (10) is deodorised by a circulation deodorising unit and is carried back into the agitating tank, and waste water separated and discharged in transit from the disposer (2) to the compressing unit (5) is purified by a purifying device (8).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a food waste treating device.    disposer (2)    water-flow pipe (3)    drain-off column (4)    compressing unit (5)    agitating tank (6)    purifying device (8)    garbage (10)    biochips (60)    agitating rods (62)
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon fuel gas reformer or partial oxidation reaction device comprises fuel gas passages with an alumina coating which protects the interior of the passages against corrosion. At least portions of the alumina coating are overlain by an alkaline earth metal oxide coating substituted with an alkali metal oxide which inhibits carbon deposition in the passages.    USE - To catalytically convert fuel gas, e.g. natural gas or heavier hydrocarbons into primary constituents of hydrogen and carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon build-up and deposition on the surfaces of internal components of the reformer assemblies are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrocarbon fuel gas reformer or partial oxidation reaction device comprises fuel gas passage(s) (2) for receiving a mixture of fuel gas, steam and air as required. The fuel gas passages have an alumina coating which protects the interior of the passages against corrosion, and at least portions of the alumina coating are overlain by an alkaline earth metal oxide coating substituted with an alkali metal oxide which inhibits carbon deposition in the passages.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of a carbon deposition-resistant component for use in a hydrocarbon fuel reformer or a partial oxidation reaction device, comprising providing a component which has an alumina surface, providing a suspension of an alkali metal-substituted alkaline earth metal compound, coating the component with the colloidal suspension, and heating the coated component to convert the suspension into an amorphous or polycrystalline coating.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show a fragmented cross-sectional drawing of a fuel gas reformer passage.    Fuel gas passage (2)    Packed bed (12)
NOVELTY - Invention relates to the development of the method for preparing microorganism biomass - baker's yeast - on the mixed carbon-containing nutrient medium. Method involves culturing microorganisms, mainly yeast, on the nutrient medium containing the source of carbon and nitrogen and functionally necessary mineral additions. Process is carried out for two stages on the nutrient medium containing noncarbohydrate raw as carbon source, under aeration conditions at each stage followed by separation of biomass from cultural liquid. Culturing is carried out up to the complete utilization of noncarbohydrate substrate and metabolites to be assimilated. At the second stage yeast is cultured on carbohydrate raw for two stages. At the first stage yeast is adapted to carbon raw and at the second stage biomass is grown up to the complete utilization of the source of carbohydrate nutrition. The source of carbohydrate nutrition is taken at amount 0.2-1.0% of assimilable reducing substances. Method alternates the type of metabolism of microorganisms and biomass can be used as a source of nutrition in the human diet and as protein addition to feed for animals.    USE - Biotechnology, microbiological industry.    ADVANTAGE - Decreased consumption of carbohydrate raw, improved quality and broad use of the end product.
NOVELTY - A novel bio desulfurization method involves adding microorganism which decomposes organosulfur compounds suspended in water based petroleum or petroleum products. The ratio of petroleum and water ranges between 3/1-8/1.    USE - The method is useful for decomposing organosulfur compounds in petroleum and petroleum products.    ADVANTAGE - The desulfurization rate is increased. Oil and water separation is efficiently performed and the separation cost is minimized.
NOVELTY - Organic fertilizer is manufactured by mixing organic waste raw material and water followed by stirring. The mixture is fermented (the amount of water in the fermented mixture is 60+/- 10%) and dried. Further water content in the dried substance is reduced to 30% or less.    USE - For manufacturing organic fertilizer, from organic waste ejected from foodstuff processing factory, for plant growth.    ADVANTAGE - The organic fertilizer manufactured is of good quality and has favorable shelf life. The nitrogen and phosphoric acid contents in the fertilizer are high, hence the fertilizer is rich in humus. Since the amount of water in the fertilizer is reduced, the organic fertilizer does not deteriorate on storage and hence has excellent handling property. The method recycles the cereals lees ejected from food processing industry and changes into a product of high value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Compost contains a fermented waste plaster board.    USE - As fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The compost having excellent fertilizer property, is obtained by recycling the waste plaster board which is mixed with livestock wastes such as droppings of hen, cattle faeces, industrial wastes and fermented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of compost. 60-5000 dry weight parts of an organic material is added to 100 dry weight parts of waste plaster board and fermentation is performed.
NOVELTY - A mixture of photocatalyst and an absorbent is added to liquid containing harmful content. The mixture absorbs the harmful content of liquid and is separated from it. Then light is irradiated to mixture to decompose the harmful content.    USE - The method is useful for removal of harmful content from underground water, lakes, marshes, pond, dam, reservoir, river, irrigation canal, ditch, canal, sea, pool, water tank, bathtub. Also from faeces, urine, drain of food, beverage production line, paper mill, chemical plant and water works.    ADVANTAGE - By applying the purification method, harmful contents are removed efficiently. The utilized photocatalyst and absorbent are regenerated efficiently.
NOVELTY - Amber soil is formed by gathering red clay particles using water. A layer is formed around the nucleus of the red clay adhered with water. The red clay particle and the layer are dried and solidified.    USE - Used as cultivating soil of horticulture.    ADVANTAGE - The amber soil has excellent air permeable and can be manufactured at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of amber soil.
NOVELTY - Deposit-resistant internal combustion engine components have, on at least one surface, a coating comprising amorphous hydrogenated carbon made from trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane.    USE - The method is useful for coating steel components, preferably fuel injectors (claimed), especially in direct injection spark ignition (DISI) internal combustion engines. The coating resists build-up of deposits on injectors which are undesirable since they can change engine performance by impairing fuel economy, regulated emissions, and driving efficacy; or can require design modifications or calibration adjustments that compromise optimum engine performance.    ADVANTAGE - The fluorine-containing amorphous hydrogenated carbon (FAHC) prevents or minimizes the accumulation of carbonaceous deposits.
NOVELTY - A process and assembly converts biological waste, wood, garden refuse, waste food, hydrocarbons and organic compounds, into energy especially hydrogen, gas, methanol, electricity and fertilizer.    USE - Process to convert organic waste into energy and fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The process operates without pyrolysis or incineration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process and assembly converts biological waste, wood, garden refuse, waste food, hydrocarbons and organic compounds, into energy especially hydrogen, gas, methanol, electricity and fertilizer. The material is treated by mixing, de-watering and conversion to pellets, followed by fermentation. Pelletized bio-refuse are used as fuel for a hydrogen generator for use in a fuel cell or for the generation of methanol, steam or electricity. Residual materials are then used as a compost additive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sketch of a suitable assembly.
Mechanically producing charcoal with agricultural and forestry waste involves selecting raw materials, breaking, drying, squeezing, desmoking charring and cooling. The shaping machine comprises a motor on the base, driver, main shaft, squeezing screw bolt, shaping pipe at tail of squeezing screw bolt, and constant-temperature equipment outside the shaping pipe. Obtained charcoal has high thermal value increased by 3-3.5 times and can be used as activated carbon or ordinary charcoal. Said technology has the advantages of simple process, easy control and low cost.
NOVELTY - A manifold passage penetrates a planar layer (11) and connects coolant exhaust chamber (15) to fluid internal manifold port. Another manifold passage penetrates planar layers (12,13) and connects coolant exhaust chamber (16) to fluid internal manifold port.    USE - For electrochemical fuel cell stacks and arrays.    ADVANTAGE - The substantially planar layered manifold assembly serves as end plate component of compression assembly for applying compressive force to end of each fuel cell stack in the array. By using this layered assembly simplifies manufacturing of cells is simplified and the required number of parts are reduced. The cross sectional area for fluid flow in one or more chambers can be greater than that of equivalent pipe with diameter equal to thickness of the assembly, thereby offering less resistance to fluid flow than pipe of similar thickness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The planar layer (11) is provided adjacent to one end of each of fuel cell stack (30). The adjacent layers (11,12) has the coolant exhaust chamber (15) between them. The coolant exhaust chamber (16) is arranged between the layers (12,13). A coolant supply passage (75) penetrates planar layers (12,13) and connects coolant exhaust port (71) to coolant exhaust chamber (15). Another coolant supply passage (75) penetrates the planar layer (13) and connects coolant exhaust chamber (16) to coolant exhaust port (72). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for coolant flow periodical reversal method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional top view of fuel cell stack array with layered manifold assemblies.    Planar layers (11-13)    Exhaust chambers (15,16)    Fuel cell stack (30)    Exhaust ports (71,72)    Coolant supply passage ((75)
NOVELTY - Isomerization of alkane(s) and/or cycloalkane(s) is carried out in presence of hydrogen, a catalyst and an additive. The concentration of the additive is very low, and prevents the deactivation of the catalyst.    USE - In refinery processes for prevention of deactivation of an isomerization catalyst.    ADVANTAGE - The isomerization process has the ability to operate at very low hydrogen-to-hydrocarbon molar ratios. The process has a substantial reduction in the amount of hydrogen as compared to the prior art. The process has an extending run life of the catalyst which translates into longer operating runs between catalyst regenerations. The process has the ability to operate at relatively low temperatures and fewer catalyst regeneration cycles which translates into safer operation, less down time and greater economic benefit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An isomerization process for converting an isomerization feed stream (1) containing 4 - 10C alkanes and 5 - 10C cycloalkane per molecule to at least one product hydrocarbon isomer. The isomerization feed stream comprises at least one feed hydrocarbon and hydrogen which is contacted in an isomerization zone with a catalyst. The deactivation of the catalyst occurs in isomerization zone. The process includes the presence of an additive (0.01 - 300 parts by weight) per billion parts by weight of at least one feed hydrocarbon. The additive prevents the deactivation.
NOVELTY - A process for removing contaminants from a gas stream by passing it through sequential beds of adsorbents, is new.    USE - In the purification of gases.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is high effective at removing sulfur-containing compounds, halocarbons and fluorocarbons with increased efficiency and capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The processing vessel comprises four distinct beds for removing impurities from the gas stream.    The first adsorbent bed features one or more adsorbents with a strong affinity for water.    The second adsorbent bed comprises one or more silver-exchanged molecular sieves of FAU structure and a strong affinity for sulfur-containing compounds.    The third adsorbent bed comprises one or more molecular sieves with a strong affinity for sulfur compounds containing S=C, S=O, and S-C functionalities. The molecular sieves have are selected from molecular sieves with MFI structure and an Si:Al ratio of at least 10, ZSM-12, and ZSM-23.    The fourth adsorbent bed comprises alumina with adsorption capacity for sulfur-containing compounds and halocarbons.
NOVELTY - Line has bioreactor washing device, drier, unit for preparing artificial nutrient medium on solid carrier, charging device, bioreactor sterilizing device, sterile unit for inoculating nutrient medium with nematodes, growing unit and settler for separating solid carrier from biomass of nematodes in aqueous medium. Biomass suspension is supplied into settling centrifuge for condensing and produced concentrate of biological preparation is delivered to packaging device. Bioreactor is made in the form of vessel with removable cover. Vessel has rectangular section and provided with biofilter disposed under opening in cover for admission of air into vessel.    USE - Biotechnology, in particular, commercial production of biomass for protecting plants from pests.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency in producing nematode biomass and enhanced reliability in operation.
NOVELTY - Dewatered sludge processing apparatus has a spiral shape of a screw (3) in a blade (3c) from an exhaust outlet (9) to a secondary vent port (8) formed in the reverse direction to the sludge transfer direction.    USE - Used for sewage treatment plant and foodstuff plant for manufacturing and recycling solid substances such as fuel, fertilizer and organic sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The solid substances are formed with dewatering of sludge at high ratio.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The twin screw extruder has two mutually parallel screws. A barrel (1) has an insertion opening (7) in the vicinity, and primary and secondary vent ports (6, 8) in its downstream. The two screws perform mixing and transfer of dewatered sludge, in between to dry the sludge and receive it as solid substance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the profile of dewatered sludge processing apparatus.    Barrel (1)    Screw (3)    Blade (3c)    Vent ports (6,8)    Insertion opening (7)    Exhaust outlet (9)
NOVELTY - Deodorant purification catalyst contains carrier of catalyst metal particle coated with a wash coat. The ratio of amount of wash coat (g/l) and catalyst metal (g/l) is set in the range of 1-5.    USE - For removal of unpleasant odor of organic waste gas.    ADVANTAGE - Deodorant purification catalyst is more suitable than the domestic organic refuse process machine, especially for deodorization of exhaust containing ammonia and water.
NOVELTY - Gas treatment by biomass thermolysis is done by converting the gas obtained consisting of hydrogen and carbon dioxide and adding petroleum producing microbe.    USE - For biological waste treatment and chemical preparation using the gas obtained from biomass thermolysis.    ADVANTAGE - The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmospheric air can be prevented. The biomass thermolysis can be utilized without wasting.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the equipment for gas treatment. The equipment has thermolysis unit, carbon monoxide conversion unit, petroleum producing microbe culture unit and hydrogen utilization methanation microbe culture unit. Thermolysis of the biomass is carried out in the thermolysis unit to obtain gas consisting of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The gas is converted by the carbon monoxide conversion unit and transferred to culture containing petroleum producing microbe.
NOVELTY - Manufacture of microorganism carrier for deodorizing apparatus involves mixing water with raw material comprising entangled fiber pulp, phenol resin and polyethylene fiber to form a mold by a heat treatment process at 600-1000degreesC in a reducing atmosphere.    USE - For deodorizing apparatus by decomposing odor components.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism carrier has a large mechanical strength due to the heat treatment process. The carrier is porous which maintains the microorganism and porosity is promoted by the holes formed by the polyethylene fiber decomposition and volatilization. The microorganism carrier is excellent in durability and dependability. Raw material cost is reduced since used paper is used. Recycling of used paper is promoted.
NOVELTY - Main heat chamber (2) has flue (7) through which exhaust gas is removed. Secondary heat chamber (3) has return flue (26) which is connected to main heat exchanger.    USE - For carbonization process of inflammable refuse such as papers, timber and disposable diaper.    ADVANTAGE - Hot waste gas generated by secondary heat chamber is recycled for heating main heating chamber by return flue. Temperature of exhaust ejected from apparatus is low, thereby fan becomes unnecessary and energy loss is made small.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Return flue of secondary heat chamber is connected to flue of main heat chamber bifurcation having switching device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of refuse carbonization apparatus.    Main heat chamber (2)    Secondary heat chamber (3)    Flue (7)    Return flue (26)
NOVELTY - Waste plastic is melted at a predetermined melting temperature and during the half melting state the plastic is granulated in a melting granulator and chlorine containing plastic is separated in the dry type separation apparatus.    USE - For separating the chlorine containing plastic from waste plastic.    ADVANTAGE - Chlorine containing plastic is efficiently separated from the waste plastic. Reclamation of waste material is enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the waste plastic separation method.
NOVELTY - Treatment and management of water purification sludge, used to generate heat, electricity and chemicals in a self-contained system that includes a gasification stage.    USE - The process is particularly used in conjunction with large water treatment works for recovery of energy (heat and electricity) and chemicals (methanol), or at least some of the dehydrated sludge may also be used in agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - All the sludge is utilized in various ways and the only by-product (coke from gasification) is also useful as a fuel. The system is environmentally acceptable (it does not release dust or dioxins and reduces production of odors); allows sludge produced at different sites to be treated in a single unit; is self-sustaining and reduces the amount of sludge that has to be spread on fields (particularly important in urban areas).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for treatment and management of sludge (A) from waste water treatment plants comprises:    (i) extracting (A) of volatiles content at least 70%;    (ii) anaerobic digestion of (A) to produce a stabilized/digested sludge (A') of volatiles content at least 60%;    (iii) thermal or chemical treatment of (A');    (iv) dehydrating to dry matter content 30-55%;    (v) drying to dry matter content at least 90% and    (vi) using the product directly as fuel or storing it and then subjecting it to gasification.    At least some of the material from step (iv) is used in agriculture. The final product, or the coke produced by gasification, is particularly used as fuel for cement making. The gas produced, a mixture of methane and carbon monoxide (CO), is:    (1) burnt and the heat generated used to dry the sludge or    (2) the CO is converted to methanol (and this is used as carbon source for biological denitrification of the waste water), while the methane only is used to generate heat and electricity for sludge drying.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Flowchart of the process.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell process air is charged in two stages. In one stage, it is charged by a compressor (ML) and in the other stage, by a combined expansion and compression machine (ATL), preferably an exhaust turbocharger. Hence the gas expansion is used for the compression of charge air.    USE - For fuel cell system used in automobile, railway system, methanol cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides high pressure, recovers energy from exhaust gas, high efficiency, flexible arrangement for assembly of components, operates oil free.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Diagram of exhaust turbocharger.    Expansion and compression machine (ATL)    Compressor (ML)
NOVELTY - System for mediator-dependent enzymatic oxidation comprises a manganese oxidase, an oxidizing agent selected from oxygen and oxygen-containing compounds, and a mediator selected from compounds containing manganese (Mn) ions.    USE - The system can be used e.g. for oxidizing lignin in paper and cellulose manufacture, as an oxidizing system in laundry and dishwasher detergents, for enzymatic bleaching of dyes and textiles, for inhibiting dye transfer in the wash, for specific oxidation of target organic molecules in chemical synthesis, for oxidative waste water treatment, for degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and for coal liquefaction.    ADVANTAGE - The system operates by direct oxidation of Mn2+ to Mn3+ without the need for a redox cascade involving phenolic compounds.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for oxidizing a substrate, in which Mn2+ is directly oxidized to Mn3+ with a manganese oxidase in the presence of oxygen and optionally a complexing agent and the Mn3+ oxidizes the substrate and is reduced to Mn2+, which is then available for direct oxidation with the manganese oxidase.
NOVELTY - Water- and dirt-repellent coating for glass, metals, plastics and other materials is produced by flame coating using silicon tetrafluoride and/or titanium tetrachloride in a natural gas/oxygen, methane/oxygen or other hydrocarbon/oxidant flame and has an extremely rough microscopic surface structure. It is suitable for almost all heat-resistant materials and makes window cleaning unnecessary.    USE - The coating is useful on windows, cladding, cars and other objects that normally need regular cleaning.    ADVANTAGE - The need for regular cleaning is harmful to the environment, costly and often troublesome. The coating simply repels many liquids, e.g. water, sugar solution, honey, water-based paper glue etc., and causes photocatalytic decomposition of soot and harmful particles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Water- and dirt-repellent coating for glass, metals, plastics and other materials is produced by flame coating using silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) and/or titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) in a natural gas/oxygen, methane/oxygen or other hydrocarbon/oxidant flame and has an extremely rough microscopic surface structure. It is suitable for almost all heat-resistant materials; cannot be wetted by liquid; causes photocatalytic decomposition if particles of dirt stick to the surface; forms a firm bond with various silicate glasses, so that it very durable; and makes window cleaning unnecessary.
A nutritive composite is new and comprises one kind of fertilizer mixture containing strain and no special fertilizer component. It is prepared by mixing certain amount of fast nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, soil disinfectant and plant growth regulator as well as certain amount of nitrogen fixing bacteria and silicate bacteria.    USE -   The agent is useful for providing rice seedlings with essential nutrient continuously, preventing rice seedlings from overgrowth and therefore cultivates short and strong rice seedlings for throwing.
A plant disease resisting and growth promoting agent is new and comprises excrements 35%, plant straw 10%, corn starch 5% and water 50% are fermented in fermenting tank at 30 C and pH 7-7.5 for 30 days and treated with lactic acid bacteria, ray fungi, saccharomycetes and other bacteria and fungi. The fermentation is one continuous process with 5% exhaustion and 5% fresh makeup every day and produces marsh gas, marsh liquid and marsh sludge. The marsh liquid is distilled and concentrated and the concentrate is mixed with various medicines to produce serial animal and plant disease resisting and growth promoting agents.
An efficient multifunctional compound microbe fertilizer is prepared from well-known original bacteria including rhizobia (60-95%) and others (5-40%) such as azotobacterium and actinomycetes, matrix, and trace elements, as well as very less chemical mutagen. Different temp, pH values and conditions for fermentation and culture are used in multiplying the bacteria to generate dominant microbe colony. The rhizobia contained in said compound fertilizer can not be limited to particular host, so it is suitable for different crops.
A long-acting organic mixed fertilizer is prepared from house refuse through classifying the refuse, fermenting twice, crushing, and mixing with rapeseed cake, tungseed cake, teaseed cake, N, P and K. Its advantages are quickly and durably taking its effect, high fertility and reducing environmental pollution of refuse.
NOVELTY - Composting device (1) with a load support inside a receptacle (2) that keeps material placed in the receptacle away from the receptacle lower end (4), and defines a fluid collection chamber (12) at the lower end, is new.    USE - Th device is used for composting.    ADVANTAGE - The aerator increases oxygen flow through the contents of a composting receptacle. The aerator can be used with a fluid collection chamber to collect leachate from the composting material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Composting device (1) with a load support inside a receptacle (2) that keeps material placed in the receptacle away from the receptacle lower end (4), and defines a fluid collection chamber (12) at the lower end. The chamber fluidly communicates with a portion of the internal space (7) above the load support. Aerators (13) are located in the receptacle and each aerator has a body with an internal air chamber (16) and apertures (17) that permits air in the chamber to pass out through the aerator and into the receptacle. An air inlet opening into the receptacle is in gaseous communication with the aerator to permit air outside the receptacle to enter the aerator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a composting device.    Composting device (1)    Receptacle (2)    Receptacle lower end (4)    Internal space (7)    Fluid collection chamber (12)    Apertures (17)
NOVELTY - A gaseous feed comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons is subjected to fractionation (I) to form a condensed product, which is subjected to fractionation (II) at low pressure to produce a heavier hydrocarbon fraction and distillate fraction. The heavier hydrocarbon fraction is withdrawn and the distillate is partially condensed to provide reflux streams for fractionations (I,II).    USE - For cryogenic fractionation of gaseous feed and recovery of propane and heavier components, olefinic compounds (propylene), natural gas, gases associated with petroleum refining and petrochemical manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - The process efficiently separates heavier hydrocarbon from gaseous feed using minimum power and the recovery of desired hydrocarbon fraction is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus which comprises a fractionator (I), fractionator (II) operating at lower pressure than (I), unit for conveying condensed product from (I) to (II), unit for withdrawing distillate from fractionator (II), partially condensing the distillate and conveying to fractionator (I,II).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram of the separation of heavier hydrocarbon mixtures.
NOVELTY - Waste treatment apparatus, having a chamber (5) supported by a housing (1) in which material is decomposed, and a stirrer (6) and heater (23) to stir and heat the contents of the chamber, respectively. The chamber is mounted on the housing such that the contents of the chamber are removed and emptied.    USE - The apparatus is used in passenger vehicles, in the form of a continuous decomposition toilet (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The single removable decomposition chamber which is easily removed from the housing for emptying, avoids need of a second chamber. The volume of the chamber is greater than total volume of the toilet. The stirrer permanently mounted within the chamber simplifies the emptying procedure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a vehicle fitted with the novel apparatus in the form of a toilet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of a waste treatment system.    Housing (1)    Saddle (2)    Chamber (5)    Stirrer (6)    Motor (9)    Liquid sensor (14)    Plug (16)    Socket (17)    Heater (23)    Control processor (25)    Thermostat (50).
NOVELTY - Control system has fermenter containing basic raw material, blower and control circuit for controlled supplying of air for aeration. Control circuit has oxygen content sensor for determining oxygen content in raw material to be processed, air flow rate regulator and actuating mechanism, temperature sensor and functional converter, allowing dependence of oxygen content in basic material on its temperature to be set and actual content of oxygen in basic material to be compared with required content and air supply into basic material to be corrected on the basis of results of comparison.    USE - Microbiological industry, may be used in agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Wider operational capabilities and increased efficiency.
NOVELTY - A waste pit (21) collects the waste (22) and drier (25) dries it. The odorous gas (37) is removed from the pit by a gas turbine (40) and used as fuel for combustion of solid waste and drying.    USE - For manufacture of fuel from solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - The unpleasant odor in the waste gas is removed. The usage of waste gas is performed effectively thus enabling conservation of energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of apparatus for manufacturing fuel from solid waste.    Waste pit (21)    Waste (22)    Drier (25)    Odorous gas (37)    Gas turbine (40)
NOVELTY - The process condition in composting apparatus is adjusted by adjusting the temperature or air content or the additional amount of water, during fermentation.    USE - In organic refuse composting apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The process drum is divided into a fermentation zone and a water adjusting zone and temperature, water, air flow quantity are adjusted, hence optimum conditions for fermentation is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process conditions are adjusted by adjusting the temperature, air content and water amount during fermentation or by adjusting the temperature or an air current during adjustment of water. Warm air or cold air supply controls the temperature which are supplied through nozzles (35,36) provided in the process drum, or the insertion opening or the exhaust outlet.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for condition adjusting device that has the pipe for air passage and water flow is provided at the periphery. A sampling pipe (39) or a temperature sensor (38) is provided to the pipe in which air, water flows. The temperature sensor, humidity sensor and carbondioxide sensor are equipped in the fermentation zone, or in the water adjusting zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the adjusting device of process drum.    Nozzles (35,36)    Temperature sensor (38)    Sampling pipe (39)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide is contacted with steam and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The catalyst contains copper, alumina and at least zinc oxide, chrome oxide or magnesium oxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the catalyst used for converting CO into CO2 and hydrogen.    USE -   For converting carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE -   The copper catalyst has high catalytic activity and CO gas is converted into CO2 and H at a high conversion ratio.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has carbon monoxide conversion catalyst layer (1) and hydrogen column (2) for selectively removing hydrogen from the modified gas obtained by steam reforming of fuel used in hydrogen manufacture. the layer.    USE -   For converting carbon monoxide.    ADVANTAGE -   The reduction of carbon monoxide concentration in the gas is enhanced. As the catalyst layer has hydrogen column the purification of hydrogen formed by conversion of carbon monoxide can be prevented. A selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in the fuel battery system can be avoided. Hydrogen is selectively separable and a reaction equilibrium can be altered to proceed forward reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the sectional drawing of apparatus for converting carbon monoxide. (1) Catalyst layer; (2) Hydrogen column; (3) Cooling water jacket.
NOVELTY - The burner includes primary, secondary and tertiary port pipes (1-3) concentrically arranged. Ports (1A-3A) are formed respectively between pipes (1-3). The pipe (3) is bent in inclined direction towards outer pipe (4) with respect to main axle line. Blow-off holes (7,8) are provided parallel to axle line in the bent portion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The primary port is provided for low calorie fuel injection containing methane, hydrogen. The secondary port is provided for high calorie fuel injection. The tertiary is provided for air ejection.    USE -   For modifiers to manufacture hydrogen for fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Since blow-off holes are provided, heating of modification catalyst lower layer is promoted. Temperature distribution is uniform.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the schematic view of burner for modifier. (1-3) Pipes; (1A-3A) Ports; (4) Outer pipe; (7,8) Blow-off holes.
NOVELTY - The burner has triple pipe structure. A pipe (1) is provided centrally inside pipe (2) which inturn is provided inside another pipe (3). A small hole (2B) provided in the middle of pipe (2) in the longitudinal direction, connects the inner side space (2A) and outer side space (3A) of pipe (2).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifier consists of modification catalyst, hydrogen permeation pipe and burner. Hydrogen is obtained by the water vapor modification reaction.    USE -   For modifier for manufacturing hydrogen for fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE -   Since the small hole is provided in the middle of one pipe, at the time of initiation of combustion of the fuel which consists of hydrocarbon, a portion of air which is blown from outer pipe is mixed with fuel which serves as a semi-premixer. The combustion is completed in a short time. The precipitation of carbon in the end of burner nozzle is prevented. The miscibility of air and fuel increases combustion is stable. Inert gas is not necessary. The whole operation and apparatus is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the burner. (1-3) Pipes; (2A) Inner side space; (3A) Outer side space.
NOVELTY - Purification apparatus comprises a post-processing tank downstream of a biological purification treatment tank, which is used for activated sludge treatment or microbial membrane filtration. The post processing tank is provided with electrodes for electrolyzing the processing liquid.    USE - For biological purification such as sterilization and decolorization of processing liquid e.g. waste water from home, apartments and also industrial waste water, livestock waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The purification apparatus enables high post-processing degree and can be maintained easily.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse process system has manual switch (35) to carry out the driving of drive unit of stir-rake shaft (19). Sensor (36) is provided to detect set position of collection tray (29).    USE - For fermentation decomposition of organic refuse ejected from domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Driving of stir-rake shaft, by misoperation of manual switch, is prevented, when tray was drawn outside, which is detected by sensor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Stopper (28) is provided to inside of casing, which contacts tray at set position. Stopper separates sensor from receiving direct shock from tray.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side sectional drawing of organic refuse process machine when tray is drawn outside.    Stir-rake shaft (19)    Collection tray (29)    Stopper (28)    Manual switch (35)    Sensor (36)
NOVELTY - Raw refuse processor has crushing room (2) on which crusher (9) is arranged. Scrapers (14A,14B) are provided on side wall of crushing room to remove adhered refuse on crusher. Partition board (15) is movably arranged on upper side of crushing room.    USE - For processing raw refuse generated in kitchen and restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - Raw refuse processor has excellent disposing efficiency, by crushing using pair of crushers arranged mutually parallel. Crusher is arranged in lower side of partition board, thereby preventing infiltration of water into processing chamber, and prevents generation of smell and small fly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Crusher has several discs, provided in axial direction. Crushers are arranged mutually parallel in axial direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial sectional view of raw refuse processor.    Crushing room (2)    Crusher (9)    Scrapers (14A,14B)    Partition board (15)
NOVELTY - Novel flat shutter receptacle (31) with opening bigger than exhaust outlet (1b) is fixed below the outlet. A cam portion (31c) at one end of shutter receptacle is pressed when the shutter (30) is closed. A flat spring (32) which energizes the shutter upwards is provided in the undersurface of the shutter.    USE - For processing organic refuse from domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - By provision of cam portion and elastic portion, when shutter is closed, the outlet is made airtight, therefore the leakage of processed material and odor is prevented, heat in the fermenter is also prevented from escaping. Environmental pollution is prevented since the shutter receptacle is fixed to fermenter by bolt, removal of which is very easy. Maintenance is done very easily, for example, processed material can be dropped and taken out easily; the shutter is removed with the shutter receptacle, internal jamming is prevented; the shutter can be interchanged easily. By provision of protrusion, sliding of shutter is controlled as protrusion serves as a stopper in inlet. Since length of shutter and shutter receptacle are made smaller than opening portion of tray, the water component and processed material can be easily collected in the tray and is not spilled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side sectional drawing of shutter composition.    Exhaust outlet (1b)    Collection tray (29)    Shutter (30)    Protrusion (30c)    Receptacle (31)    Cam portion (31c)    Flat spring (32)    Support seat (33)    Opening (33a)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse is mixed with many kinds of microorganisms in an airtight space. The mixture is stirred and heated to a constant temperature by aerobic high temperature fermentation and anaerobic decomposition process alternately. The complement synergism of different kinds of microorganisms decomposes the organic refuse into water vapor, or water and carbon dioxide.    USE - For decomposition processing of organic refuse in hotel, restaurant, dining-room, infirmary, golf course, food center, supermarket, public facilities, fishery associations.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents diffusion of organic gas having odor property to surroundings. During decomposition processing of organic refuse hence improving sanitation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse decomposition processing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Novel deodorizing method involves introducing a nitrogen group odor gas into a carrier filling-type bio-deodorizing apparatus comprising a microorganism-filled carrier layer circulated by water to perform the deodorizing action. The circulating water comprises a ratio of (nitrate and nitrite) nitrogen concentration and an ammoniacal nitrogen concentration of 1.0 or more.    USE - For deodorizing gas that contains nitrogen groups with offensive odor components.    ADVANTAGE - The deodorizing apparatus removes the odor containing ammonia even when the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in circulating water exceeds 1000 mg/L. Deodorization of the nitrogen compound odor gas is possible with at industrial scale.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the carrier filling type bio-deodorizing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Refuse disposal apparatus (1) comprises an ozone deodorizing apparatus (8) which comprises ultraviolet ray lamp (16) for irradiating germicidal ultraviolet rays to the exhaust stream line which processes organic refuse and a catalytic unit (20) degrading surplus ozone distributed in the downstream region.    USE -   For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE -   Offensive odor components are efficiently removed and the germicidal action is reliable. Sterilization effect is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows the refuse disposal apparatus. (1) Refuse disposal apparatus; (8) Ozone deodorizing apparatus; (16) Ultraviolet lamp; (20) Catalytic unit.
NOVELTY - A fermentation raw material exhaust outlet (11d) and a fermentation raw material inlet opening (11c) are respectively formed in front and rear ends of hollow stirring shaft (11). The fermentation raw material is returned to the side of a raw material insertion opening (10e) by a return screw (11e) rotatably inserted inside the stirring shaft.    USE - For fermenting organic raw material.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies structure, thereby reducing size and hence installation area and space of fermenter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the axial sectional view of fermenter.    Raw material insertion opening (10e)    Shaft (11)    Fermentation raw material inlet opening (11c)    Fermentation raw material exhaust outlet (11d)    Return screw (11e)
NOVELTY - A dust removal device (27) equipped with a set of scraping bars (33) is provided in vertical gas duct (6) to remove deposits adhering to inner surface. A helical screw like conveyor (35) transfers sediments deposited on the inner surface of horizontal gas duct (6b) to burner (7).    USE - Used in dry distillation thermolysis melting burner for municipal solid waste treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Scraping rods prevent accumulation of dust and tar is thermolysis gas duct. Screw conveyor aids in automatic removal of sediment and dust in horizontal gas duct. Since gas duct is cleaned reliably, continuous operation of dry distillation thermolysis melting burner is facilitated. As a result, waste material can be melted at superior energy efficiency. Continuous removal of sediment and deposit in thermolysis gas duct maintains a fixed differential pressure on thermolysis drum and melting drum. Therefore, small fan can be used for induced draft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of thermolysis gas duct fitted with cleaning apparatus.    Vertical gas duct (6)    Horizontal gas duct (6b)    Burner (7)    Dust removal device (27)    Scraping bar (33)    Conveyor (35)
NOVELTY - Operating fuel cell system on impure fuel comprises introducing a variable oxygen concentration into the fuel stream periodically and/or in accordance with at least one fuel cell operating characteristic indicative of the concentration of impurity in the fuel stream.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel losses, localized heating and parasitic losses are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system includes at least one fuel cell (1), a stream of the impure fuel supplied to the cell and a mechanism to introduce oxygen into the fuel stream for reaction with an impurity in the stream within the cell. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (i) fuel cell system comprising: fuel cell(s); a source of impure fuel stream for supply to the cell; and a flow controller (10) mechanism to introduce, periodically, variable concentration of oxygen into the fuel stream; and    (ii) a system as above which also contains a monitoring device to monitor fuel cell operating characteristics indicative of the concentration of impurity in the fuel stream.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a solid polymer fuel cell system.    fuel cell (1)    oxygen flow controller (10)
NOVELTY - The controller comprises a raw fuel quantity determinator for determining the quantity of fuel supplied to a heater (3), and a target temperature setter for setting the target temperature of the raw fuel on the basis of the quantity of raw fuel determined by the determinator.    USE - Controller for fuel reformer which generates a mixed vapor by heating raw fuel, e.g. methanol, and reforms the mixed vapor to a desired fuel, e.g. a gas containing rich hydrogen, for use in a vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Melting of the burner and damage suffered as a result are prevented. Transient responsibility of a control for heating raw fuel is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel reformer (2) comprises a heater (3) for heating raw fuel to a predetermined target temperature, and a controller. The controller comprises a raw fuel quantity determinator for determining the quantity of fuel supplied to the heater, and a target temperature setter for setting the target temperature of the raw fuel on the basis of the quantity of raw fuel determined by the determinator.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) a fuel cell (1) with a fuel reformer (2) controlled by the above controller, the fuel cell supplying reformed fuel to the fuel cell;    (ii) a vehicle including a fuel cell with a fuel reformer controlled by the above controller, with the fuel reformer supplying reformed fuel to the fuel cell and having at least one driving power source; and    (iii) a method for controlling a fuel reformer, comprising determining the quantity of raw fuel supplied to the heater and setting the target temperature of the raw fuel on the basis of the quantity of fuel determined.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of a system of the fuel reformer connected to a fuel cell.    Fuel cell (1)    Fuel reformer (2)    Heater (3)    Burner (6)    Vaporizer (7)
NOVELTY - In a process and assembly to condition a heaped deposit of household refuse (1), pure oxygen (4) is continually pumped (4) through lance pipes (2) inserted at the base of the heap. The oxygen is pumped at a pressure of between 1.5 and 4 bar through lance pipes of between 25 and 35 mm diameter, inserted at intervals of 2 to 5 meters to a distance within the heap of 1 to 2 meters.    USE - The treatment is applied after the heap has largely concluded the anaerobic phase of refuse degradation. Pure oxygen activates aerobic bacteria remaining within the refuse, concluding this phase of the aerobic treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The process reduces the time required to conclude final treatment of the refuse. No provision is required for the removal of emergent gases by suction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the oxygen supply to the refuse heap.    Refuse heap (2) oxygen lance (3) gas pump (4) gas reservoir (1)
NOVELTY - The unit type power station has at least one fuel cell (2) with a reformer (1) connected before it that is supplied with combustion gas, whereby the fuel cell is thermally connected to a heat exchanger (4). A reformer condensate line (13) opens into the heat exchanger, which has an exhaust gas line (12). A fresh water line (14) may open into the heat exchanger.    USE - For power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional systems to enable greater quantities of heat to be extracted at lower cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram representation of a unit type power station    reformer (1)    fuel cell (2)    heat exchanger (4)    exhaust gas line (12)    condensate line (13)    fresh water line (14)    .
NOVELTY - The fuel cell consists of an electrolyte with electrodes on both sides, whereby at least one electrode is separated from a bounding channel or vol. by a perforated plate and a working medium is fed in and carried away via the bounding vol. or channel. The passage area through which the medium flows through the plate increases by at least 10 per cent, pref. by at least 100 per cent, in the direction of flow.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The delivery of the working medium is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic plan and lateral view representations of a perforated plate.
NOVELTY - The city refuse treatment method includes the following steps: firstly, adopting biological degradation method or high-temp. high-pressure degradation method to make biological degradation of refuse, then adopting high-pressure blasting type gravitational separation method to make respective selection and utilization of refuse according to different categories. Said invention can be used to produce high-effective biological organic compound fertilizer, fire-proofing decorative product of building, high-strength brick and tile, etc. by utilizing city refuse, and does not pollute underground water, river, lake, sea and soil.
NOVELTY - A process for conversion of organic waste matter containing free fat to an end product by thermophilic, aerobic fermentation using thermophilic microorganisms, is new.    USE - The process is used to ferment waste material of different pH without having to adjust the pH balance. The process converts organic wastes into protein-rich material which can be used in animal feed, feed supplements or fertilizers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for conversion of organic waste matter containing free fat to an end product by thermophilic, aerobic fermentation using thermophilic microorganisms, is new.    The method comprises:    (a) forming an aqueous mixture of the waste matter, the aqueous mixture comprising a liquid segment and a solid segment;    (b) maintaining the aqueous mixture within a desired temperature range suitable for growth and proliferation of the microorganisms and within at which a portion of the free fat is a liquid, simultaneously with both;    (c) oxygenating the mixture by continuously introducing oxygen into the aqueous mixture to maintain a dissolved oxygen concentration for growth and proliferation of the microorganisms; and    (d) agitating the aqueous mixture to form and maintain an emulsion of the liquid portion of the free fat in the liquid segment of the aqueous mixture.
NOVELTY - A filter cartridge (I) for filtering a slurry composition, is new and comprises a hollow housing (12) with an inlet (24) and an outlet (25) at opposite ends, being filled with a depth filter and being free of an open void volume upstream of the depth filter.    USE - (I) is useful as a cartridge filter for filtration of slurries (claimed), particle compositions or gels.    ADVANTAGE - (I) effectively removes large solid particles and gels, but permits the passage of particles in a desired size range. Compression of the filter medium and channeling of the slurry flow are prevented by the construction of the filter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for filtering a slurry, comprising passing the slurry through (I).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the cartridge filter:    Cartridge filter (10)    housing (12)    end caps (14,16)    inlet (24)    outlet (25)    annular spacers (27)    depth filter medium. (28)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst comprises ruthenium supported on a support consisting of titania and alumina.    USE - Used to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning of platinum hydrogen electrode of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon monoxide in gas containing hydrogen as main component is selectively removed over a broad temperature range. Carbon monoxide poisoning of platinum of hydrogen electrode in hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is prevented. The lifetime of the cell and the stability of the discharge are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst comprising ruthenium and alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal supported on a support comprising titania and alumina;    (B) manufacture of a carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst by supporting ruthenium and an alkali(ne earth) metal on support comprising titania and alumina using solution containing ruthenium and alkali(ne earth) metal; and    (C) manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas by selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide in gas containing hydrogen as a main component with oxygen using the catalyst.
NOVELTY - Complex has animal house, growing chamber, mushroom cultivation construction, microbiological reactor, substrate producing device with heat recycling unit, energy converter and bubbler. Organic wastes are delivered into microbiological reactor. Gas produced in microbiological reactor is supplied to energy converter. Fermented mass is used as nitrogen-containing additive in substrate producing device. Ready substrate is subjected to thermal treatment and delivered to mushroom cultivation unit. Waste substrate and mushroom production wastes are used as feed for animals or as organic fertilizer for plants. Such construction of complex allows intermediate product obtained during animal keeping to be completely used for mushroom growing as well as for fertilizing soil and as additional energy source for complex.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency, wider operational capabilities and provision for wasteless production.
NOVELTY - Composition comprises (vol.%) pentafluoroethane (15-70), heptafluoropropane (20- 70) one of compounds selected from group consisting of propane, butane, isobutane, difluoroethane, hexafluoropropane, tetrafluoroethane, octafluorocyclobutane (1-20). Mixed cooling agent is more universal and promising than those known in the art, particularly cooling agent 12 widely used in refrigeration industry.    USE - Domestic, trade and industrial equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Improved composition of the cooling agent.
NOVELTY - The tapered process drum (1) has several lifters (15) of varying size. The size of lifter varies depending on the processing zone.    USE - For compost manufacturing apparatus which performs processing of e.g. domestic organic refuse, livestock dung, feces, urine and sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - As the drum has lifters of various sizes, crushing and stirring are pertinently performed depending on process stage. A novel compost manufacturing apparatus which performs efficient fermentation and moisture adjustment, is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The tapered process drum (1) has several lifters (15) of varying size. The size of lifter varies depending on the processing zone. The process drum has fermentation process zone on one side and water component adjusting zone on other side. Any one or both zones are partitioned.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially broken perspective diagram of compost processing apparatus.    Tapered process drum (1)    Chamber (2)    Main body of drum (10)    Lifters (15)    Air supply nozzle (35)    Processed material (W)
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide (CO) conversion device has a hydrogen separation chamber (8) configured between the CO conversion catalyst layers (1,1). Hydrogen separation membranes (2,2) are interposed between the interface boundary of hydrogen separation chamber and CO conversion catalyst layer.    USE -   For reducing carbon monoxide concentration contained in modifying gas obtained by steam reforming of fuel for hydrogen manufacture.    ADVANTAGE -   The need for a hydrogen purification device and CO selective oxidation apparatus is eliminated and a simplified hydrogen manufacturing system is obtained. CO concentration is set to 10 ppm. Hydrogen is selectively separated from modifying gas by the use of a hydrogen separation membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of carbon monoxide conversion device. (1,1) CO conversion catalyst layers; (2,2) Hydrogen separation membrane; (8) Hydrogen separation chamber.
NOVELTY - A supply unit supplies gas containing hydrocarbon fuel, water vapor, oxygen to modification catalyst layers (38,40). The conversion of fuel is 90% or more. A temperature distribution is provided along the gas flow direction. The difference of the peak temperature of the catalyst layers and the gas outlet temperature is set within 100C.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel which contains the hydrocarbon is modified to form a gas containing hydrogen. The modification catalyst layers are distributed in a modification chamber. An oxidation reaction and modification reaction are performed simultaneously in the catalyst layers. A temperature sensor for detecting the peak temperature of the catalyst layer is provided at a position which is one-quarter distance from the gas inlet to the catalyst layers. The sensor is provided along the thickness of gas flow direction of the catalyst layers. The fuel used is methanol. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the control method of modifier. The quantity of air containing oxygen which is supplied to the modifying chamber is controlled based on detected peak temperature.    USE -   For modification of hydrocarbon fuel to produce hydrogen gas, for fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE -   The temperature of the catalyst layer is maintained uniform. The pressure loss of the gas flowing the catalyst is reduced sharply. The amount of generation of carbon monoxide is reduced. Thermal deterioration of catalyst layers is prevented and hence the catalyst is used with high efficiency. The amount of catalyst required is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional explanatory view of modifier. (38,40) Catalyst layers.
NOVELTY - The residue (D) is supplied to primary oscillating feeder (5) storing the residue in entrance side. Selection removal of metal and other substances is performed in oscillating screen (6). Then, residue is supplied to secondary vibrating feeder (9) through bucket conveyor (8) after cooling in inert gas atmosphere and residue from secondary feeder (9) is supplied to selector (4).    USE - For waster material such as municipal waste.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces inert gas consumption sharply, excels safety even during failure of inert gas supply. Facilitates size reduction of oscillating screen, cooling conveyor, bucket conveyor and selector, as the residue is stored in the entrance side of primary oscillating feeder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thermal residue elimination apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the schematic sectional view of discharging apparatus of thermolysis residue.    Selector (4)    Oscillating feeder (5)    Oscillating screen (6)    Bucket conveyor (8)    Secondary vibrating feeder (9)    Residue (D)
NOVELTY - Temperature of coke oven chamber is maintained higher than predetermined value (theta1), until temperature of secondary chamber reaches specific temperature (T1). Temperature of coke oven chamber is strengthened and maintained, until secondary chamber reaches peak value, which is less than fixed temperature (T2) and carbonization is finalized after it.    USE - For carbonization of inflammable refuse such as pepper, timber, disposable diaper, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Carbonization of refuse is carried out within short time, irrespective of refuse, and operation time is also shortened.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the temperature change of coke oven chamber and secondary chamber during carbonization process.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing container (2) comprising a support along the inner side lower portion of the cylindrical external frame container (1), is new. The lower portion space of the support serves as the space for water storage and is provided with a drain hole (7).    USE - The new organic refuse processing container is useful for promoting plant growth.    ADVANTAGE - As water can be stored in the lower space portion of the support, drying of organic refuse is prevented and hence composting can be promoted. The structure is simple and hence compact water and compost can be simultaneously fed to the plant for its growth promotion. Time and effort for water sprinkling is reduced and the compost is easily ejected.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A funnel-shaped cover with a water flow hole at the center, is provided for the upper opening of the external frame container. A lid (10) energized by a spring (12) covers the water flow hole. A mesh board (8) attached to the refuse container, is provided to the drain hole.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a disassembled isometric view of organic refuse processing container.    Container (1)    Organic refuse holder (2)    Drain hole (7)    Mesh board (8)    Lid (10)    Spring (12)
NOVELTY - Garbage processing carried out by decomposing it with microorganisms in an air permeable container to separate organic substances, is new.    USE - The new method is useful for processing garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The processing is carried out without complicated operations or generation of toxic substances and unpleasant smells. The compost and humus preparation is inexpensive. The oil mixed for air permeability decreases the time for processing the garbage.
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus for garbage disposal is new and comprises a check lid (15) and a switching lid (51). The inspection port is provided partially opposing partition plate (12) of refuse treatment tank and equalizing tank. The switching lid has an emission hole (13) for ejecting residue of organic refuse from treatment tank to equalizing tank.    USE - For garbage disposal such as wooden fragments.    ADVANTAGE - As check lid and switching lid are provided to inspection ports of equalizing tank and treatment tank, check and maintenance of tanks can be simply performed. As the switching lid is slidable and rotatable, accessing of the lid is easy. As warning units are provided, operation of the processing apparatus is noted easily so that imperfection is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The switching lid is slidable and is attached rotatably. An installation warning unit alerts the installation of equalizing tank and the residue ejection container. Stirring blade is provided to equalizing tank and an ejection warning unit alerts residue ejection from the equalizing tank exhaust outlet to residue ejection container. The ejection warning unit has light display unit for emission of light for fixed time during ejection. A control unit controls reverse movement of stirring blade so that residue in equalizing tank is not ejected when not required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic side sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse treatment tank (1)    Equalizing tank (2)    Partition plate (12)    Emission hole (13)    Inspection port (14)    Check lid (15)    Inspection port (50)    Switching lid (51)
NOVELTY - Inlet (21c) and outlet (22c) of gas passageway, through which heating gas or air flows, are provided on same side of cell (7c). Manifolds (12c,14c) are connected with inlet and outlet of gas passageway, respectively. The manifold (20c) that exists between manifolds (12c,14c), is surrounded by manifold member (11c) and cell (7c).    USE - Solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The number of parts which composes external manifold is reduced, hence man day on production is reduced. The part processed with high precision is decreased, hence formation and gas seal of manifold are made easy. The stress resulting from difference of both thermal expansion coefficient can be made to reduce, thereby suppressing crack generation to cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Air pole and fuel electrode are provided in solid electrolyte film. Any one of air pole or fuel electrode is joined to surface where gas passageway of interconnector and cell is formed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of cell and manifold member of solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    Cell (7c)    Manifold member (11c)    Manifolds (12c,14c,20c)    Inlet (21c)    Outlet (22c)
NOVELTY - The cooling unit has space (10) provided in waste gas exhaust portion (3) serving as cooling chamber and secondary combustion chamber and provided without radical absorber for exhaust gas. At the time of maximum waste gas evolution, the residence time of exhaust gas of heating furnace in the space is two seconds or more.    USE - For furnace incinerating waste materials such as municipal solid waste, sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates perfect combustion of waste gas comprising unburnt matter, as space does not contains radical absorber. Reduces installation space of furnace as space in waste gas exhaust portion serves as cooling chamber and secondary combustion chamber. Reduces fuel consumption by using wall surface of furnace for heat transfer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of cooling unit for furnace incinerating waste.    Exhaust portion (3)    Space (10)
NOVELTY - Maintenance agent comprises a mixture of at least one lipophilic propellant and an oil.    USE - Used for medical and dental instruments.    ADVANTAGE - The agent lengthens the lifetime of the instruments.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for maintaining an instrument comprising adding the maintenance agent on or in the instrument, in which the propellant contained in the agent is directly vaporized to produce an aerosol that takes up oil residues and other impurities and the oil is applied as a film to the instrument.
NOVELTY - Composting apparatus comprises a number of composting containers (5) positioned in a chamber in which they are automatically connected to a central suction manifold (2) evacuated by compressor (4) whose output is passed through bio-filters (17,18). The system is controlled by air temperature, humidity, partial pressure and throughput signals to a central processor.    USE - Industrial aerobic composting system    ADVANTAGE - Optimum conditions can be maintained at all times. The plant can be run continuously because individual control, and automatic connection to the suction line, permits intermittent removal and addition of containers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Composting apparatus comprises a number of composting containers (5) positioned in a chamber in which they are automatically connected to a central suction manifold (2) evacuated by compressor (4) whose output is passed through bio-filters (17,18). Heat from the exhaust air is used, via a heat exchanger, in a heat pump. Measurements of temperature, humidity, partial pressure and air flow rate are made at the chamber and the suction line. These signals are sent to processor (15) to regulate the conditions in individual containers by throttling valves (12) and by adding moisture through sprays (16). The system aims to maintain air leaving the containers at a temperature of 42degreesC and saturated. The throughput is regulated to match the capacity of bio-filters (17,18). The atmosphere of the chamber, from which the process air is drawn, is also regulated in terms of temperature and humidity through air conditioner (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a diagrammatic layout of the plant    suction manifold (2)    compressor (4)    compost containers (5)    air conditioner (10)    flap valve (12)    measurement points (13,14)    central processor (15)    water sprays (16)    bio-filters (17,18)
NOVELTY - Assistant compositions for deinking waste paper by flotation of aqueous slurry, comprise acid and neutral cellulases, fatty alcohol polyglycol ether and (in)organic salts.    USE - For deinking of printed waste paper.    ADVANTAGE - The collector combination gives good removal of ink to give recycled paper with good whiteness; has good biodegradability; and contains smaller amounts of enzymes than prior art systems, thus reducing the cost of the process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Deinking waste paper comprises flotation of an aqueous slurry of printed paper in the presence of enzymes, using a collector comprising a mixture of (on total mixture = 100 %):    (a) 1-10 wt. % acid and neutral cellulases;    (b) 10-40 wt. % fatty alcohol polyglycol ether; and    (c) 50-89 wt. % inorganic and/or organic salts.
NOVELTY - The method involves directing starting fluid stream comprising methanol, towards fuel cell stack (11) and then hydrogen gas during start-up period. Hydrogen gas containing gas stream from fuel processing subsystem (19) is directed to fuel cell stack (12) after start-up period. The stacks (11,12) respectively provide output power during start-up period and after start-up period.    USE - For starting operation of solid polymer fuel cell system used as power supply in stationary power plant and transport applications.    ADVANTAGE - Separate main folding and electrical connections to each stack is not required. Integration of fuel cell stacks in single stack promotes efficient heat transfer during warm-up period. Useful output power is obtained from the system without delay of starting up of reformer as fuel cells provided output power by direct oxidation until reformer generates hydrogen gas for fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system with improved starting capability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of solid polymer fuel cell system.    Stacks (11,12)    Subsystem (19)
NOVELTY - Bio-oxidation process for the extraction of metals from metal containing materials(A) involves treating a slurry containing (A) with bacteria and passing an oxygen containing gas to a non-mechanically agitated reactor by aeration to maintain bacterial viability and suspension of (A).    USE - For recovering metals from minerals especially sulfides. Other uses are ferric ion generation, treatment of manganese containing ores, and sulfur removal from coal.    ADVANTAGE - Lower capital and operating cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a reactor system for bio-oxidation treatment of (A) including at least one rakeless reactor having a reactor volume provided with aeration means.
NOVELTY - Invention, in particular, relates to method including carbon black production stage. Broken down wood is preliminarily freed of soluble substances by extracting it with immiscible solvents including hexane and aqueous ethanol at 30-40degreesC. Extraction mixture is separated into liquid phase and solid sludge.    USE - Woodworking industry.    ADVANTAGE - Method and installation increase efficiency of wood processing to 85.2%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Liquid phase is subjected to extraction with immiscible solvents including saturated aqueous solution of water-soluble salt, diethyl ether, and hexane at 5-20degreesC followed by isolation of natural resinous substances as final products from hexane solution utilizing vacuum distillation of hexane. From alcohol-ether solution, flavonoids are isolated by cryogenic drying at 30-40degreesC followed by after purification by preparative chromatography to give final flavonoid products: dihydroquercetin and dihydrokaempferol. Saturated aqueous solution is subjected to fractional crystallization to remove water- soluble salt and remaining aqueous solution of polysaccharides is subjected to drying at 80-100degreesC. Polysaccharides are then processed together with solid sludge in presence of hydrofluoric acid in liquid carbon dioxide at 25-30degreesC and pressure 16-37 MPa to give hydrolyzed products. Soluble products are converted by inversion at 130-140degreesC into monosaccharides that are further isolated. Solid hydrolysis products containing fluorinated lignin are carbonized to yield carbon black, resinous substances, and aqueous-organic condensate. Installation for implementation of invention is described.
NOVELTY - Invention is intended for application at chemical and petrochemical enterprises producing synthetic alcohols, in particular, methanol and is distinguished by that methanol production process comprises steam-oxygen conversion of natural gas, utilization of synthesis-gas heat, partial removal of carbon dioxide from synthesis-gas, drying, compression to 8.5-9.0 MPa, and synthesis of methanol on low- temperature catalyst in two steps: preliminary flow step and main circulation step.    USE - Natural gas technology.    ADVANTAGE - Enabled energy-saving technology.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preliminary synthesis step is performed before drying and compression in steam-oxygen conversion stage, followed by main synthesis step. Drying of synthesis-gas is accompanied by separation of water-methanol fraction. Preliminary synthesis is carried out on copper- containing catalyst at volume velocity 2000-6500 hr .
The substratum consists of (by weight): 95-96 parts coffee residues from manufacture of instant coffee(25-30% residual moisture), 2.2-2.4 dehydrated calcium sulphate, 1.8-2.6 silica-gel. The substratum is obtained by pressing coffee residue with 50-80Mpa, introducing 190-2 parts pressed residue in polypropylene bags with 0.025-0.04mm thickness, inoculation with 50-52 parts suspension containing: 101 0-1011 microorganisms/ml such as Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Synorhizobium, Arhorizobium, Azospirillum, Beijerinckia, Frankia, Azobacter, Azotomonas, Pseudomonas, Exerobacter, Bacillus, Trichoderma, Trichotecium, Fusarium, mixing with 4.4-4.8 parts dehydrated calcium sulphate, and 3,6-5.2 parts anhydrous silica gel, closing bags, re-packing in polyethylene bags 0.05-0.075 thick, incubating for 14-21 days at 28-30C for secondary fermentation.    USE -   The substratum is used in agriculture.
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide reduction unit is provided with coolant flow path units. The flow path resistance of the coolant which flows in each coolant flow path unit is different.    USE - For vehicle mounted fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces carbon monoxide content with high efficiency irrespective of small structure, and hence durability of fuel battery system is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel battery system.
NOVELTY - A garbage disposer comprising a microbial bed consisting of timber chips mixed with chaff along with the microbes which processes an organic refuse by hydrolysis during decomposition, such that organic part of the waste material such as foodstuffs are composted, is new.    USE - The garbage disposer is useful for biodecomposition of foods and daily dishes in houses and business establishments.    ADVANTAGE - Bad smell, rust abrasion and reduction in the strength of decomposition activity of the microorganism, are eliminated.
NOVELTY - In the proposed hammer mill the mass of the disc is 30-50% of the combined mass of the disc plus the hammers, its diameter is 12-14 times the length of the hammer handles. At the same time, the length of the hammer heads is 2.5-3 times that of the hammer handles. The gap between the housing to the point of the hammers furthest from the axis of the disc is maximum 5%, preferably 2% of the inner diameter of the housing. The disc carries preferably 8 hammers. Their width is the same as the nominal internal width of the housing. Their operating surfaces are at an angle of 1-4 degrees, preferably 2 degrees, with the geometric axis of the hammer handle. The combined hammer mill/composter is provided with a throat, a counter-knife in the throat, a sieve-plate sunk into a groove, a composter disc connected to a drive unit and provided with cutter knives. The width of the hammer discs is equal to that of the composter disc. The cutting edge of the composter knives and the edges of the mill hammers are at an equal distance from the axis of rotation. The composter disc carries 3 cutter knives, at 120 degrees, each arranged at 10 degrees.    USE -   For preparation of compost.
NOVELTY - Resistive gas sensor comprises a gas sensitive layer, corresponding meter electrode structure and a heater. The gas sensitive layer comprises a mixture containing tungsten trioxide (WO3) and titanium oxide (TiO2) in which the portion of tungsten trioxide (WO3) is less than or equal to 50 weight % and the tungsten trioxide is present in its supported form so that tungsten trioxide is crystallized around a core of titanium oxide.    USE - Used for detection of gases.    ADVANTAGE - The gas sensitive layer has sensitivity to NO, NO2, NH3 or CHX and has good mechanical and thermal resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the production of a resistive gas sensor.
NOVELTY - A method of treating waste printed circuit boards comprises heating up for dry-distilling the waste boards having copper foil retaining solder at 250-500 deg.C, pulverizing the dry-distilled material obtained in the heating step and separating the pulverized material into a board resin component and a metal component.    USE - Treating waste printed circuit boards in an environmentally friendly manner so as to efficiently recover into separate portions the solder and metal components from board resin.    ADVANTAGE - Metal components are separated from waste printed circuit boards where solder contamination into the recovered board resin is surpressed and with harmful substances made harmless before disposal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heating up process is carried out in an atmosphere avoiding a burning action or in an atmosphere avoiding the oxidation of the metallic material, so that the temperature of the circuit board becomes 250-500 deg.C. The boards are pulverized whilst heated into pieces not exceeding a predetermined size and the resulting pieces are separated depending on the difference in the sizes of the pulverized pieces into separate categories of waste material of board resin and metal components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow chart of the process.    Heating process (1C)    Pulverization process (2C)    Separation process. (3C)
NOVELTY - Bulk material discharge apparatus, comprising a transverse conveyor at the end face of a longitudinal rake conveyor, is new.    USE - For discharging inhomogeneous and/or fibrous bulk materials, such as wood chips, litter and especially compost, from a silo.    ADVANTAGE - The transverse conveyor provides simultaneous diversion and loosening of the material and thus prevents blockages.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus for discharging blockage-forming bulk materials is in the form of a horizontal transporter comprising a rake conveyor which operates on the upper material surface and which is associated at its end face with a transverse conveyor used to divert material flow towards a discharge opening. Preferred Features: The transverse conveyor is a screw conveyor with threads leading to its middle region which is equipped with one or more paddles for diverting material into a discharge shaft (5). The discharge shaft (5) is separated from the paddle(s) by a curtain (5i) which consists of rubber strips (5b, c) and which is stabilized by a bulkhead during filling of a silo (1). The shaft (5) extends over the entire height of one end of the silo (1) and is provided with a closable longitudinal slit (5a) acting as a material supply opening and extending over the entire height of the shaft so that material is discharged into the discharge shaft at the height of the transporter. A dosing chamber is provided at the lower end of the discharge shaft and operation of the transporter is initiated depending on the degree of filling of the dosing chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a front view of a compost storage silo equipped with the apparatus of the invention.    Silo (1)    Discharge shaft (5)    Longitudinal slit (5a)    Rubber strips (5b, c)    Bulkhead (5i)
NOVELTY - A carbonaceous feedstock is converted into electrical energy by converting the feedstock and a greenhouse gas stream to a synthesis gas, electrochemically oxidizing at least a portion of the synthesis gas, recovering carbon dioxide to contain at least a portion of the greenhouse gas stream, and electrochemically reducing an oxygen- containing gas.    USE - The method is used in a fossil fuel plant, petroleum refinery or petrochemical plant for converting a carbonaceous feedstock into electrical energy. The provided electrical energy can be used in service buildings equipped with solar panels (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process eliminates greenhouse gas emissions, e.g., carbon dioxide emission.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Conversion of a carbonaceous feedstock into electrical energy involves converting the feedstock and a greenhouse gas stream to a synthesis gas containing carbon dioxide and hydrogen in a steam reforming reactor, electrochemically oxidizing at least a portion of the synthesis gas to an exit gas containing carbon dioxide and water in a first half cell of a fuel cell, recovering the carbon dioxide to contain at least a portion of the green house gas stream, and electrochemically reducing an oxygen-containing gas in another half cell of the fuel cell.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a converter system used in carrying out the process.
NOVELTY - A gas separator includes an upstream pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit for providing an upstream product gas and an upstream offgas; a compressor for providing a compressed offgas; an absorber for providing an enriched compressed offgas; and a downstream PSA unit for providing a downstream product gas and a downstream offgas.    USE - For recovering hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the off gas in a PSA unit used in hydrogen production.    ADVANTAGE - The device provides increased recovery of gases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gas separator has an upstream PSA unit for receiving a multicomponent feed gas and providing an upstream product gas predominantly a first component, and an upstream offgas; a compressor for providing a compressed offgas; an absorber which uses a solvent to remove at least a part of a second component to provide an enriched compressed offgas; and a downstream PSA unit for receiving the enriched compressed offgas and providing a downstream product gas predominantly comprising the first component, and a downstream offgas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of recovering components from the off gas of the upstream PSA unit.
NOVELTY - Two absorbents of different compositions are used to selectively separate multi-methyl branched alkanes from a feed stream comprising non-branched, mono-branched and multi branched alkanes.    USE - Recovering high octane-numbered alkanes from isomerization effluent stream e.g. of paraffin isomerization.    ADVANTAGE - Recovery of multi-methyl substituted alkanes is achieved efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for separating multi methyl-branched alkanes (I) from a mixture (II) of multi-, mono- and non-methyl branched alkanes, into three respective feed streams, involves:    (a) introducing the mixture to a simulated moving bed of solid absorbent particles (10) comprising zeolite-b, MAPO-31(TM), SAPO-31(TM), zeolite X or zeolite Y ion exchanged with alkaline (earth) cations, and having an alkane selectivity for normal more than mono-methyl-branched more than multi methyl-branched:    (b) removing and collecting a raffinate stream enriched with (I);    (c) desorbing (I) using a desorbing material not capable of desorbing normal alkanes;    (d) removing and collecting a first extractant stream enriched in (I);    (e) desorbing the normal alkanes using a second desorbent; and    (f) removing and collecting the second extract stream enriched in unbranched alkanes.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of separating (I) from a feedstock (III) comprising 5-7C alkanes, which involves isomerizing to form normal- mono- and multi-methyl-branched alkanes in the presence of H and separating into three feed stocks comprising: (i) 2-methyl butane-enriched; (ii) pentane-enriched; and (iii) 6C alkane feed stock, before the latter is introduced into moving bed of absorbent particles (a) and processing as above (b-f).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus used for separation of multi-methylated alkanes from a feed stock.    Chamber housing silicate bed (10)
NOVELTY - A hydraulic medium composition for refrigerating machines and air conditioners contains:    (A) a coolant comprising propane and/or isobutane; and    (B) a polyalkylene glycol(s), e.g. polyethylene glycol or 1,2-bis(butoxy(polyisopropylene)oxy)butylene.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydraulic medium composition comprising:    (A) a coolant of propane and/or isobutane; and    (B) polyalkylene glycols of formula (1).    R1-(OCH(R3)CH2)m-(OCH(R4)CH2)n-X-(OCH2CH(R5))p-(OCH2CH(R6))q-OR2 (1)    (where: R1 and R2 = H or 1-4C alkyl; R3 to R6 = H or methyl; X = 2-4C oxyalkylene; m, n, p and q = 1-30; if X is not present, p and q = 0).    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a hydraulic medium composition comprising:    (i) a coolant (A,B); and    (ii) compound(s) having critical dissolving temperature on the low-temperature side of 40C; and    (2) refrigerating machines and air conditioners using the composition(s).    USE -   For coolant compressors of refrigerating machines air conditioners (claimed), such as refrigerators and room air conditioners.    ADVANTAGE -   The compositions control lowering of coolant/ oil mixed liquids viscosity, have better characteristics than oils having high solubility, such as good cooling properties and significantly improve reliability of the compressors.
NOVELTY - The bulky waste containing flammables is crushed. The crushed refuse is dried to remove easily the nonflammable such as fine glass powder adhered to the refuse. The iron and nonferrous metal is removed. The nonflammable is removed using sieve and wind force and the flammables left behind is solidified and molded.    USE - For manufacture of solid fuel used in boiler and incinerator.    ADVANTAGE - The fine nonflammables are removed completely. Thus solid fuel free of nonflammable is obtained. Usage of solid fuel for boiler and incinerator does not generate clinker. The molding of the solid fuel can be carried out continuously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing apparatus of solid fuel.
NOVELTY - A primary combustion chamber (2) with a burner (11) surrounds a coke oven chamber (1) which burns refuse (20). A secondary combustion chamber (3) with a burner (12) burns the combustible gas from the chamber (1). Regulation temperature of two or more points from suitable temperature values of combustion chamber (3) are chosen. Thermal power of burners and secondary air fan (13) are adjusted stepwise.    USE - For the carbonization of inflammable refuses such as papers, timbers, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since the thermal inputs of burners and secondary air fan are adjusted stepwise, many types of refuse are burnt without smoke and smell. Hence the generation of dioxin is suppressed. Ensures detection of abnormal high temperature of combustion, hence stabilization of carbonization process is ensured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The combustion chamber (3) and coke oven chamber are connected by a flue (4). The secondary air fan supplies secondary air for promoting combustion to the combustion chamber (3). The heating with the burner (11) performs the steam baking of the refuse.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for refuse carbonization apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows carbonization method.    Coke oven chamber (1)    Primary combustion chamber(3) Secondary combustion chamber (2)    Flue (4)    Burners (11,12)    Air fan (13)    Refuse (20)
NOVELTY - The fermenter (1) has multiple pipes (4) arranged parallely on fin plates (5) for circulating heating fluid. The fin plates have vents (12) fixed with air nozzle (13) protruding to the inside of fermenter for blowing in air (15) at right angles from wind box (14). The fermenter is rotated along a horizontal axis inside a casing (6) containing the wind box on its lower side.    USE - For fermenting organic substances such as organic refuse, livestock waste, sludge etc.    ADVANTAGE - The water components of organic substance fermented in the fermenter is lowered by circulating a heating fluid through pipes arranged on fin plate, therefore accelerating fermentation. By blowing in air through air nozzle protruding to inside of fermenter, air is sent deep in the volume of organic substance fermented, thus increasing air contacting and air stirring efficiency. By increasing air contacting efficiency, residence time of organic substance in fermenter is lowered and the fermenter is made modular. By providing air nozzles in a slanting position on the vents, and by provision of boards on internal surfaces of fermenter for raking its content, the raw material stirring efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Boards are attached on the internal surfaces of fermenter for raking contents.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side and sectional views of fermenter.    Fermenter (1)    Pipes (4)    Fin plates (5)    Casing (6)    Vents (12)    Nozzle (13)    Wind box (14)    Air (15).
NOVELTY - A container and a rotational shaft (28) are rotated along same direction such that speed of container is lesser than that of shaft. Fermentation materials are stirred separately using few stirring bars (33) coaxial or parallel to rotation axis of container.    USE - For compost manufacture from wastes such as organic refuse, plant residue, livestock manure and sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Stirring is done effectively and no lump generation is found as container and rotational shaft are rotated in same direction with stirring bars inside and hence compost of good quality is obtained. As warm air is supplied, efficient fermentation is carried out.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A primary rotational drive unit rotates the container and the stirring bars are rotated by secondary rotational drive unit (29). Reciprocation of container is carried out at predetermined rotation angle. The container is placed in a heat retention tank (12) and warm air is supplied to the tank and subsequently to the container through air supply unit (25).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for composed manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially broken front elevation of horizontal compost manufacturing apparatus.    Heat retention tank (12)    Air supply unit (25)    Rotational shaft (28)    Secondary rotational drive unit (29)    Stirring bars (33).
NOVELTY - The agitator has several stirring blades (4) attached tangentially to rotation shaft (6) through rods (5). The rotation diameter and revolution number of blades are set to 60% or more of ridge height and 60 or more rpm respectively.    USE - For decomposition of domestic garbage refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The structure and dimensions of the stirring blade, enables to perform simple stirring operation, by which organic waste with broadly changing water content is composted. The apparatus is simple and easy for maintenance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic waste is mixed with seed compost and deposited in ridge shape. The ridge is stirred periodically with agitator which performs transfer of mixture. Air is supplied from bottom of ridge to perform fermentation process by aeroline bacteria.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of composting plant layout drawing.    Stirring blade (4)    Rod (5)    Rotation shaft (6)
NOVELTY - Compost manufacturing apparatus has a process drum (1) accommodated in a chamber (2). A non-contact type heat mechanism is provided on periphery of process drum so that the heat release from the periphery of process drum is restrained. The temperature of the process drum is raised and altered for adjusting the fermentation process zone and water zone.    USE - For processing waste materials such as garbage, livestock dungs, faces, urine, sewage sludges, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since the provision of heat mechanism on periphery of process drum ensures uniform heating of process drum, the time lag of fermentation process at low temperature is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of compost manufacturing apparatus.    Process drum (1)    Chamber (2).
NOVELTY - Manufacture of high quality sludge compost involves subjecting waste water to intermittent aeration type activated sludge treatment to obtain treated water and excess sludge which is subjected to the compost process.    USE - High quality sludge compost is useful as fertilizer as it contains phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in high concentration.    ADVANTAGE - The high quality sludge compost obtained by this method can be used as an organic fertilizer thus reducing the use of chemical fertilizer and also reducing the labor and cost.
NOVELTY - Processing of seafood processed waste in fishery factory, comprising separating fats and oils from liquid phase, followed by processing by microorganisms to obtain compost, is new.    USE - The process is useful for processing (I) in a factory, where (I) is useful as compost.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method is simple and efficient. (I) is effectively utilized as compost after the processing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Processing of seafood processed waste in fishery factory, comprising separating fats and oils from liquid phase, followed by processing by microorganisms to obtain compost, is new.    The fats and oils from the seafood processed waste (I) is separated from the liquid phase by heat processing, maintained in an aerobic condition and the organic substance disassembled is made to reduce by the microorganisms to obtain compost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus useful for processing (I) (fermentation processing apparatus).
NOVELTY - Organic waste contained in a fermenter is heated at 25-65 degreesC. The waste is reduced by supplying air continuously for more than 0.15 part of total waste.    USE - For fermenting organic waste such as foodstuffs waste material, garbage, livestock excrement, chemical plant, sewage works.    ADVANTAGE - Volume reduction and fermentation are carried out efficiently, by adjusting the temperature condition reliably.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus with a cooling fan provided to a jet pipe connected with a deodorant device , is new.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Since deodorant air ejected from deodorant device is cooled by cooling fin, restrictions of installation place of organic refuse processing apparatus is eliminated and high safety is ensured. Since the ejected deodorant air from exhaust outlet of jet pipe is further cooled by increasing length of jet pipe and by diffusion board, burning in not caused when user touches the deodorant air accidentally.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A deodorant device (71) provided at deodorizing portion communicates to suction fan (89) installed at organic refuse processing portion. A jet pipe (72) with heat catalyst (97) is connected to deodorant device. A cooling fin (100) is provided to jet pipe so that deodorant air ejected from deodorant device is cooled.    The fermentation of organic refuse is performed in organic refuse processing portion. The suction fan and deodorant device is installed in upper portion of the casing. The exhaust outlet of jet pipe is arranged at bottom portion of the casing. A diffusion board (91) is arranged directly under the portion of exhaust outlet of jet pipe. The jet pipe is composed such that it is made as long as possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Deodorant device (71)    Jet pipe (72)    Suction fan (89)    Diffusion board (91)    Heat catalyst (97)    Cooling fin (100)
NOVELTY - An exhaust outlet (73) of gutter (68), has sensor (88) and a warning alarm. This exhaust outlet is mounted, between an organic refuse process unit (2) and a stripping section (3), at a predetermined position over the collected scum (69). Sensor (88), on detection of an exceed in height of collected scum (69) than a specified level, activates an alarm (28) for warning.    USE - For performing fermentation of organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - By providing a sensor, to avoid over flow of scum, enables prevention of inside of apparatus from getting dirty.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Refuse process unit (2)    Stripping section (3)    Gutter (68)    Collected scum (69)    Exhaust outlet (73)    Sensor (88)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing device is new and comprises a control unit (29) interlocked with stirring unit (31) which controls the flow in exhaust gas unit (89) and controls the stirring unit. The organic refuse tank is housed in a casing (1) and ferments organic refuse charged into the refuse tank. The stirring unit carries out the fermentation.    USE - Organic refuse processing device.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents generation of bad smell due to provision of the exhaust gas unit. Reduces running cost by saving electricity by selective driving of the stirring unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic refuse processing device is new and comprises a control unit (29) interlocked with stirring unit (31) which controls the flow in exhaust gas unit (89) and controls the stirring unit. The exhaust gas unit ejects odor generated inside an organic refuse tank (30) to exterior. The organic refuse tank is housed in a casing (1) and ferments organic refuse charged into the refuse tank. The stirring unit carries out the fermentation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the organic refuse processing device.    Casing (1)    Control unit (29)    Organic refuse tank (30)    Stirring unit (31)    Exhaust gas unit (89)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing device is new and comprises a control unit (29) interlocked with stirring unit (31) controls driving of the stirring unit and heat of catalyst heating unit. The stirring unit is installed in an organic refuse treatment tank (30) and stirs organic refuse charged into the treatment tank for fermentation. The catalyst heating unit heats a deodorizing catalyst.    USE - Organic refuse processing unit.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces running cost by controlling the catalyst heating unit. Prevents generation of bad smell due to provision of the deodorizing catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the organic refuse processing device.    Control unit (29)    Refuse treatment tank (30)    Stirring unit (31)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus comprises a detector which detects the moisture content of organic refuse in a treatment tank (30). The amount of heat supplied by heater (96) to heat a catalyst (97) which performs deodorizing, is adjusted. A controller controls the driving of the heater, based on the detected moisture content. The organic refuse is stirred in the treatment tank for fermentation.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Since catalyst performs deodorizing of refuse, the bad smell of organic refuse is avoided. Electric power consumed by heater is reduced, as heater is controllably driven, hence running cost of the apparatus is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side surface sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (30)    Heater (96)    Catalyst (97)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus has an exhaust gas unit (89) provided for ejecting odor generated by organic refuse in a processing tank (30). A heat catalyst (97) is provided to exhaust unit, for deodorizing the exhaust odor. When the temperature of heat catalyst is detected to be more than specific value, by detector (98), the drive of exhaust gas unit is performed.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Since drive of exhaust gas unit is performed, when temperature of heat catalyst is more than specific value, cooling of heat catalyst heater and heat catalyst due to exhaust from exhaust gas unit, is prevented reliably while heating the catalyst even to specific temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (29) controls the drive of exhaust gas unit and a heater (89) for heating the catalyst provided to exhaust gas unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the transverse plan sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Controller (29)    Processing tank (30)    Exhaust gas unit (89)    Heat catalyst (97)    Detector (98)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprising a refuse treatment tank (30) fitted with stirring spindle (60) having claw (62), is new. A controller (29) is provided for regulating the rotation angle of stirring spindle to be lower than 180 degrees.    USE - The apparatus is useful for organic refuse fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus Increases the frequency of stirring by shortening the stirring for maintaining total stirring time enabling large amount of water removal from refuse promoting organic refuse fermentation as stirring spindle is rotated less than 180degrees.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows transverse plane cross-sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Controller (29)    Refuse treatment tank (30)    Stirring spindle (60)    Claw (62)
NOVELTY - An Apparatus comprises a processing unit (S) for organic refuse biodegradation, a stripping unit (K) for recovering the processed material, a deodorant exhaust gas unit (D) for odor removal (by carrying the air flow to a deodorizing apparatus) and an exhaust gas switching unit. A deodorant exhaust tube (50D) is equipped in the deodorant exhaust gas part of the deodorizing apparatus.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing biodegradable organic refuse such as foodstuffs and vegetables from fields.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus efficiently processes organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the apparatus for processing biodegradable organic refuse.    Stripping unit (K)    Processing unit (S)    Deodorant exhaust gas unit (D)    Treatment tank (20)    Deodorant exhaust tube (50D)
NOVELTY - Fermentation apparatus comprising a heat catalyst arranged in lower portion of refuse reclaimer near deodorant device which utilizes exhaust heat of deodorant, is new. The process portion performs fermentation of organic waste and fermented waste is recovered in a reclaimer. A deodorant device (75) is attached to the reclaimer and a heat catalyst (76) is arranged near the deodorant device. Thus the heat catalyst dries the processed material with exhaust gas of deodorant device.    USE - The apparatus is useful for treating organic refuse from food processing centers, kitchen, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Effective usage of exhaust heat from deodorant device is performed with heat catalyst. Continuous operation, reduced cost are enabled. Precise temperature control and compact size are affected.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat catalyst can be self heating type or heated by a heat emitted placed to its upstream side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially sectional rear view of fermentation apparatus.    Deodorant device (75)    Heat catalyst (76)
NOVELTY - A partition wall is provided vertically to a stir rake shaft (19) of a fermenter (1). An overflow hole (2c) is provided to the upper portion of the partition wall one end of a regulation plate (58) is clamped rotatably to the lower portion and side of the overflow hole and other end is fixed to stir rake shaft. The plate regulates the opening area of the overflow hole.    USE - In organic refuse processing machine.    ADVANTAGE - By rotating regulation plate, the amount of overflow can be adjusted and rejection of unprocessed material is prevented. The structure is simple and cheap. The reverse rotation of the stir claw raises the processed material at the overflow hole side and ejects the material easily. Stirring, grinding and decomposition process is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A stirring claw (18) attached to the horizontally suspended stir rake shaft, rotates within the fermenter for stirring operation. The overflow hole is provided at top position and side of the stirring claw which raises at the time of reverse rotation. The support portion of the regulation plate is provided to the lower portion and the side of the stir rake shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of the partition wall which distributed the regulation plate in the overflow hole lower portion of the organic refuse process machine.    Fermenter (1)    Overflow hole (2c)    Stirring claw (18)    Stir rake shaft (19)    Regulation plate (58)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse fermentor comprising several partition walls (2,3) provided along right angled direction to a stir rake (19), which are divided as detachable upper and lower walls (2a,3a,2b,3b) by the position of stir rake, is new. A rib (2g) of concentric circle is provided in the upper partition wall. A connection protrusion is provided to the double sided edge of upper partition wall.    USE - The fermentor is useful for processing domestic refuse in organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - As the upper partition wall is detachable, stir rake is removed from a fermenter just by removing upper partition wall and so maintenance is simple. Since lower and upper partition walls are provided integrally, manufacture is simplified, number of components is reduced and so the structure is economical. Since rib of concentric circle centering around stir rake, is provided to upper partition wall, rigidity of partition wall is improved. Since the processed material is passed by rotating stir rake, pressure by the flow is resisted. Avoids detachment of upper partition wall as the processed material stirred by nail flows in a rib along the upper partition wall. Since protrusion is fitted into the connection hole in fermenter, fasteners are not used for fixing upper partition wall and so assembling operation is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The connection protrusion is fitted into the insertion holes (18) which is connected with groove hole (1e). The lower and upper partition walls are provided integrally in the fermenter. Several nails (18) are provided along axial direction of stir rake.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the transverse plane sectional view of partition wall in fermenter.    Groove hole (1e)    Partition walls (2,3)    Lower walls (2a,3a,2b,3b)    Rib (2g)    Nails (18)
NOVELTY - A control unit has weight detector to detect weight of organic refuse content in a processing chamber. If the weight exceeds preset weight, the control unit prevents opening of an injection lid (23) provided to the opening of the processing chamber. If the weight is less than preset weight, the control unit allows the lid to open.    USE - In organic refuse processing apparatus such as digester.    ADVANTAGE - The control apparatus prevents lid opening when the load is excess. Hence load on stirring apparatus is not increased. Thereby failure of stirring apparatus is prevented and fermentation is done effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Injection lid (23)
NOVELTY - The cylindrical flash drying and sorting apparatus (13) has a hot air feed hopper at the bottom, a raw material insertion opening in the middle and an exhaust port on the top. The crushing blades are installed on the internal circumference at predetermined spaces in the apparatus.    USE - For manufacturing solid fuel (claimed) by crushing and drying municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient crushing and sufficient drying of waste material is carried out, since the apparatus has crushing blades and is fed with hot air.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste material processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flash drying system.    Flash drying and sorting apparatus (13)
NOVELTY - Catalyst object (40) consists of a layer (44) which has a water absorptive substance containing part (44a) and water repellent substance containing part (44b), arranged alternately, on a support (42). The oxidation removal of carbon monoxide in modified gas is carried out selectively by a noble metal catalyst (46) carried by water repellent part.    USE -   For reduction of carbon monoxide in fuel battery which has modified gas as source of hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE -   The deactivation of the noble metal catalyst is suppressed. Need for separate heating units for deactivating the noble metal catalyst and loss of energy are prevented. The oxidation removal of a carbon monoxide in the reform gas can be carried out efficiently, thereby raising the efficiency of electricity generation in a fuel battery system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the catalyst object for carbon monoxide reduction. (40) Catalyst object; (42) Support; (44) Coat layer; (44a) Water absorption part; (44b) Water repellent part; (46) Noble metal catalyst.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus has a flexible bag (1) which accommodates a mixture (11) of microbial bed and an organic refuse. A string (6) is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the bag. The microbial bed and the organic refuse are stirred by actuating the string.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic refuse by fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse and the microbial bed mixture are stirred uniformly within the flexible bag reliably. Since dead organisms are not generated, the generation of bad smell is prevented. The automatic control of the organic refuse processing apparatus can be obtained electrically. The raising or tensioning of the bag is stabilized. Since gas exhaust is connected to the bag, the air from exhaust of the bellow can be used for fermentation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The string is actuated by tensioning which is performed by reversing the rolling up and delivery of the string with an electric motor (9). The string is wound through a pulley provided in the casing. The string is tensioned by contraction with a bellow in an alternate range mode. An exhaust gas pipe end of the bellow, is inserted into the flexible bag.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross sectional side view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Flexible bag (1)    String (6)    Electric motor (9)    Mixture (11)
NOVELTY - A pectinic acid liase gene (I) encoding an amino acid (aa) sequence of 286 aa residues, fully disclosed in the specification and its variants, i.e., sequences with deletions, replacements or additions of one or more aa(s) are new.    USE - (I) and (II) may be used for the mass production of a pectinic acid liase.    ADVANTAGE - Low cost production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a pectinic acid liase gene (II) comprising the nucleotide base sequence of 1339 bases, fully disclosed in the specification and its variants, i.e., sequences with deletions, replacements or additions of one or more bases;    (2) a recombinant vector containing (II);    (3) a transformant containing the above mentioned recombinant vector; and    (4) a microorganism host.
NOVELTY - Solid polymeric type fuel battery has distribute tie rod (2) penetrated inside the gas manifolds (4,5). Electric insulation resin (6) is coated on the internal penetration portion of gas-manifolds.    USE - Solid polymeric type fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The penetration of distribute tie rod inside the gas-manifold increases the electric insulation and air gas resistance of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of solid polymeric type fuel battery.    Tie rod (2)    Gas manifolds (4,5)    Electric insulation resin (6)
NOVELTY - A part of anode waste gas containing moisture is heated using heating gas in a combustion chamber of a modifier and is transferred to modification chamber. The modified gas is again supplied to anode. An anode circulation line circulates remaining waste gas to modification chamber anode inlet.    USE - For use in hydro-thermal and nuclear power plants.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents reduction in quality improvement rate and raises battery utilization factor, even when process pressure rises, as anode circulation line is provided with modifier. Prevents carbon precipitate in the anode inlet and adjusts the gas temperature between modification chamber and anode inlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composition of fuel battery.
NOVELTY - The solid polymer electrolyte includes a gas passage way construction element (4) obtained by cutting a carbon paper to predetermined pattern, and arranged between gaseous diffusion layer (5) and a separator (8). A reactive gas is made to flow through the gas passage way.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - A single cell is formed to thin shape by low cost and a compact and cheap solid polymer electrolyte is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembled isometric view of the solid polymer electrolyte cell.    Gas passage way construction element (4)    Gaseous diffusion layer (5)    Separator (8)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical cell consists of honey-comb structure (5) inside which introductory holes (A1,A2) are provided. Extending holes (B1,B2) extends perpendicular to the sequence direction of flow paths of gases (E1,E2). Flow path set holes (C1,C2) and allocation holes (D1,D2) are provided on honey-comb structure corresponding to the flow paths, for collecting and allocating gases through each flow paths.    USE - E.g. water vapor electrolysis cell, NOx decomposition cell etc for solid electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Gases are supplied efficiently to the flow paths formed inside the honey-comb type structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flow paths of different gases are arranged in alternate rows. A solid electrolyte and an interconnector surrounds the flow paths of gases. An anode and a cathode are provided on each wall surface of flow path of gases (E1,E2) respectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of electrochemical cell.    Honey-comb structure (5)    Introductory holes (A1,A2)    Extending holes (B1,B2)    Flow path set holes (C1,C2)    Allocation holes (D1,D2)    Gases (E1,E2)
NOVELTY - Fuel-battery system has a CO-densitometer (7) in the modifier (1). A three-way selector valve (9) is provided for changing the supply of heating gas to the fuel-battery stack. A burner (3) is also provided to burn the heated gas ejected from the fuel-battery stack.    USE - For solid polymeric type fuel batteries used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the provision of CO-densitometer in modifier prevents the carbon-monoxide poisoning of electrode catalyst, easy control of fuel-battery system during starting process ensured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery system.    Modifier (1)    Burner (3)    CO-densitometer (7)    Three-way selector valve (9)
NOVELTY - Immersion medium has hydrocarbon with density 1.2 g/cm3 or more as principal component and solid particles.    USE - For processing industrial and domestic polymer and plastic waste such as waste motor vehicle, waste domestic electrical appliance.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates recovery and recycling of polymer from waste material as hydrocarbon with specified density is used for making immersion medium for waste.
NOVELTY - Preparation of odorless compost convenient to handle in a short period of time.    USE - Compost and soil conditioner.    ADVANTAGE - The composition absorbs 15% or over of water and containing 6 mg/100 g or over of soluble silicic acid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compost composition prepared by aerobic fermentation of a mixture of (A) organic waste, (B) waste of mushroom culture medium and (C) a soluble silicic acid and aluminosilicate with 15% or over of water absorption, ammonia absorptive property and containing 6 mg/100 g or over of soluble silicic acid. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included a compost activator composed of 15% or over of water absorption, ammonia absorptive property and containing 6 mg/100 g or over of soluble silicic acid.
NOVELTY - A cover (2) is provided to the container (1) of processing apparatus. A conical inner surface (2c) is provided in the cover, which has a water receptacle portion (3) containing water drain (6) in its circumference portion (2b). The inner surface is set at a predetermined distance from the top portion (2a) of the cover.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Since cover is provided in the container, a favorable processing of refuse is attained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An intake port (4) and exhaust gas port (5) are provided in the cover.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Container (1)    Cover (2)    Cover top portion (2a)    Circumference portion (2b)    Conical inner surface (2c)    Water receptacle portion (3)    Intake port (4)    Exhaust gas port (5)    Water drain (6).
NOVELTY - Waste water treatment comprises passing the water through an anaerobic zone (1), an aerobic zone (3) and a settlement zone (4) and passing the resultant activated sludge to the anaerobic zone. Some or all of the sludge is treated to release intracellular carbon and the sludge is denitrified.    USE - For the treatment of waste water (claimed), especially for the removal of phosphorus.    ADVANTAGE - The need for an aerobic recycle is eliminated. Release of intracellular carbon from the return activated sludge (RAS) acts as a carbon source for denitrifying bacteria and enables the bacteria to denitrify the RAS prior to its entry into the anaerobic zone. In the anaerobic zone, phosphorus-accumulating bacteria can remove phosphorus without competition for available carbon from the denitrifying bacteria. High denitrification rates (e.g. 3-5 mgN/gMLSS/hr) are obtained. Existing plants can easily be modified to carry out this process by installation of a small ultrasound generator, an in-line horn and a small pre-anaerobic tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a water treatment apparatus comprising, in sequence, an anaerobic zone, an aerobic zone and a settlement zone, means for passing activated sludge from the settlement zone to the anaerobic zone via a denitrification zone, and means for treating activated sludge to release intracellular carbon.    Preferred Process: The waste water and sludge undergo plug flow. Intracellular carbon is released by the application of ultrasound, preferably more than once.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the water treatment apparatus.    anaerobic zone (1)    aerobic zone (3)    settlement zone (4)    ultrasound source (5)    anoxic zone (6)
NOVELTY - Use of an adsorbent containing a diethanolamine of formula (I), water and a polyalkylene glycol in the purification of gases containing acidic impurities is new.    USE - For removing CO2, H2S, SO2, CS2, HCN, COS or mercaptans from natural gas and synthesis gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The adsorbent has good adsorption capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The adsorbent contains:    (a) 0.01-4.0 wt.% of a compound of formula (I);    (b) 0.001-8.0 wt.% water; and    (c) a polyalkylene glycol of formula R1O(R2O)xR3 (II).    R1 = 1-4C alkyl;    R2 = ethylene or 2-methylethylene; and    R3 = H or 1-4C alkyl;    R4 = H or 1-4C alkyl;    R5 = 1-4C alkylene; and    x = 1-10.
NOVELTY - The waste is sorted (4), separating metal and minerals (3-6), to enrich it in combustibles. It is pressed (7) into bales exceeding 0.5 x 0.5 m in cross section. It is gasified with oxidant in a purpose-designed plant, the fuel gas product being rich in CO and H2. The temperature is selected such that ash is extracted molten, for water-quenching to glass granules. The fuel gas is cleaned, desulfurized and sent to a power station (11) for steam raising, electricity production and district heating.    USE - To obtain fuel gas and compact glass granules from a diverse range of wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Pretreatment and fine comminution are avoided in the process, which handles a wide diversity of materials, converging on a slagging gasification plant. Dioxins and furanes are absent from the fuel gas produced, avoiding a potential incineration emission problem. Heat is recovered. The granules, used in e.g. road making or landfill, are not leachable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: Industrial waste is separated into fractions above and below 200 mm grading. The coarse fraction is sorted (4). Directly recyclable materials, e.g. paper, plastics and textiles, are separated. Comminution (5) is then effected. Metals and minerals are separated from the fine fraction, followed by recovery of paper, plastics and textiles. Both fractions, if appropriate following a further metal and mineral separation, are baled in a press to high calorific value waste. Gasification follows. Higher calorific value materials from a composting plant, a mechanical preparation from industrial waste, a biological-mechanical preparation of household and commercial wastes, and residues from forestry and agriculture, are baled and treated as before.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the process.    Metal and mineral separation (3-6)    Sorting (4)    Comminution (5)    Baling press (7)    Power station (11)
NOVELTY - Feedstock is dried by indirect heating with no entrained gases, in an atmosphere purely comprising steam. Steam produced by evaporation is cooled and the condensate is treated.    USE - To dispose of household- and similar wastes from industrial and commercial sources    ADVANTAGE - The process makes a pelletized fuel and recovers useful materials. The plant can be decentralized. Pollution is minimized. Gases released are purified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: High calorific value material for pelletization and energy recovery is selected after drying. This is stripped off, after or during vibratory treatment. Energy is recovered following pelletization. An autothermal heat treatment process is carried out, with no external energy input. This releases heat used for the drying process. Calorific value is controlled by adjustments to stripping, controlled in turn, from the temperature of heat treatment.
NOVELTY - The reactor has a settling portion consisting of settling zone (15) and compression zone (17). Leaching agent inlets (20) provided in the reactor bottom portion supplies leaching agent to settling portion in counter current direction to the direction of flow of input slurry such that slurry in settling zone is subjected to reaction.    USE - For hydrometallurgical processes.    ADVANTAGE - By introducing leaching agent at the bottom portion of the reactor, the slurry undergoes reaction while it is allowed to settle. Thus solid-liquid separation is done effectively at a reduced cost. By controlling the flow rate of the leaching agent, the channeling or instability is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mineral containing slurry is input into the reactor through an inlet in its upper portion. The slurry is thickened by gravitation in settling portion. The leaching agent flow through its inlet is controlled at a rate less than the settling rate of input slurry to the reactor. Thickened leached slurry is removed from under flow (31) of reactor and clarified liquor from reactor overflow (80). The clarified liquor is cooled by a cooling unit and sent to a ferric ion regeneration reactor and regenerated liquor is recirculated to the reactor by recirculation unit. Input slurry is delivered to feed well and gases are introduced into the reactor for metallurgical reaction. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) metallurgical process plant; and    (ii) oxidative leaching process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the reactor.    settling zone (15)    compression zone (17)    leaching agent inlet (20)    underflow (31)    overflow (80)
NOVELTY - The system has internal and external heating chambers and the decomposing chambers in the decomposing tank are disposed in parallel to the combustion chamber for indirect heating of the used tires in the decomposing tank by using hot burnt gas for melting and gasification. The decomposing chambers in the decomposing tank have recycling valves, which come in parallel with the resource recycling piping before being connected to the distillation heat exchanger and then back to the combustion chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The decomposing tank is equipped with cleaning valves in connection from the cleaning piping to the cooling heat exchanger and vacuum pump and eventually back to the combustion chamber. On the decomposing tanks there are temperature-reduction valves and discharge valves; then, the decomposing tanks being connected to the discharge valves in the heating chamber and connected onto the discharge piping of the air pollution treatment system. When one of the decomposing tanks accomplishes decomposing, the temperature is reduced properly and pressure released before removing the residual in the decomposing tanks, without jeopardizing the decomposing operation in the other decomposing tanks, thus keeping the decomposing operation of used tires on and on as a quick and highly effective decomposing operation. The recycled inflammable gas is recycled for combustion with release of the thermal energy contained in the substances.    USE -   For heat decomposing used tires.    ADVANTAGE -   The ratio of the hazardous substances contained in the hot burnt gas is reduced and, after air pollution treatment, the hazardous substance is then removed, to further drive down the load of the air pollution treatment while enhancing the treatment standard of the discharged substance and reducing the degree of air pollution.