NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises an aerator (10) which stirs organic waste, when aerobic bacteria is supplied. Sequentially arranged degradation tanks gradually reduces concentration of organic matter in supernatant liquid discharged from aerator. The liquid from the last tank is recirculated to aerator.    USE - For livestock waste, animal and plant and residue, incineration disposal and landfill.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of aerator suppresses bad smell and recirculation ensures reliable degradation of organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of organic waste processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Aerator (10)
NOVELTY - Apparatus has timer to continuously judge non-operation time of a heater based on which signal is sent via controller to temperature inhibition unit. Non-operation of heater indicates that processed material in fermentation tank has attained temperature of heater.    USE - For processing organic refuse such as foodstuffs, vegetables.    ADVANTAGE - Extinction of fermentation microbes and generation of highly concentrated odor in large quantities is inhibited. Temperature rise inhibition of processed material is effectively performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Signal is sent if measured time by timer is larger than preset time. Temperature rise of processed material in a tank is consequently inhibited. Fermentation treatment tank for biodegradation of organic refuse is provided in processing part of the apparatus. Recovery part for recovering the processed material and deodorant exhaust part for exhausting the deodorized odor from the processing or recovery part are also provided in the apparatus.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing method.
NOVELTY - The storage procedure involves using storage tank (1). The temperature of storage tank is set at 0-50 degreesC, during filling of methane occlusion agent. At the time of release of methane gas, the temperature of tank is set at 50-200 degreesC.    USE - For biological treatment of organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Since filling and releasing of methane is carried out at preset temperature, storing of methane is reliably carried out in the medium pressure tank, thereby reducing the tank capacity. Hence installation cost becomes less. Stable operation is performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains methane storage procedure.    Storage tank (1)
NOVELTY - The carbon dioxide fixation apparatus comprises a reaction vessel (1) filled with mixture of catalyst (5) and remover. Reactive gases (4) such as carbon dioxide and methane are supplied to the reaction vessel, the carbon dioxide is fixed and decomposed on catalyst layer, and the formed carbon is separated from the catalyst layer.    USE - For fixation of carbon dioxide and for forming particle-like carbon.    ADVANTAGE - The degradation of catalyst is inhibited. Separation of carbon with regeneration of catalyst is performed easily. Thermal efficiency is improved. Manufacturing cost is reduced. Catalytic reaction with high thermal efficiency is performed easily. The apparatus does not need to be heated. Low-cost carbon dioxide fixation apparatus by catalytic reaction, is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows carbon dioxide fixation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English text).    Reaction vessel (1)    Catalysts (5,6)    Reactive gas (4)
NOVELTY - Composting waste animal meal and/or vegetable fat by making a mixture of 10 - 40 % animal meal and/or vegetable fat, at most 50 % fibrous material, at most 10 % absorbent material and the remainder is fruit pulp.    USE - Composting waste fat such as from pre-treatment of industrial or municipal waste water, etc.    ADVANTAGE - composting is simpler, safer and uses less energy than incineration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Arrangement for composting the above includes a sealed area with devices for adding and mixing material, aerating the material and recovering residual effluent.
NOVELTY - Production of an oil binder from fiber-forming proteins and microorganisms is such that the proteins are granulated and made hydrophobic and able to float by reaction with certain chemicals.    USE - Removal of oils and fats of all types from the surfaces of liquids or solids, e.g. of oil spills on land in industrial sites or on water in harbors, for the complete removal from water or solid surfaces of petroleum as well as of mineral-, gear-, motor-, hydraulic- and waste-oils.    ADVANTAGE - The binder has an adsorption capacity of 7-10 kg oil/kg and does not sink, even after adsorbing the oil. The proteins adsorb minerals, earth, paraffin and gear- and waste-oils selectively from water, while the microorganism component is immobilized in the protein and breaks down the oils. Use can be made of scrap shoes or other tanned leather articles as the protein component, there being no need for modification in such cases.
NOVELTY - An automatic control and regulation system for electrolytic gas production comprises a vessel (1), which contains a both photolytic- and electrolytic reactor with a transparent wall. It is inside a house, is level and faces the sun for maximum illumination of the electrolyte, the composition of which includes chemical catalysts, and supports both photolytic and electrolytic processes.    USE - An electrolytic gas generator for an eco-house self-sufficient in energy.    ADVANTAGE - Reliable, efficient and with a long working life, the equipment described forms the energy system for the house. Electrolytic and photolytic processes are synergistic. Comprehensive instrumentation and control is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of the gas generator.    vessel (1)    controller (4)    sensors (5)    automatic switching system (6)    electrolyte maintenance system (7)    electrolytic gas treatment unit (8)    permanent current supply (9)    stabilizer (10)    sensors associated with reactor operation (26-32)
NOVELTY - The engine has at least one mechanical pump with at least one variable volume chamber, an inlet and outlet control and a crank mechanism connected to a fuel cell to operate in at least two cycles.    USE - Power plant or vehicle operation with fuel cells as the primary source of power.    ADVANTAGE - Enables better utilization of the primary energy with almost no noise or emissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Oxygen or air is pumped into a compression housing and compressed. The compressed gas flows through the cell and expands and the gas under increased pressure produced by the chemical and exothermal reaction in the fuel cell generates mechanical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of an engine.    Pump arrangement (1-7)
(CN1288937-A)   NOVELTY - A safe liquid fuel (60) comprises butane, hexane and pentane as main components. The fuel is maintained in liquid state at normal temperature and pressure, and even at the temperature higher than atmospheric temperature.    USE - As safe liquid fuel for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) used for combustor of gas furnace and water heaters. Also used in arbitrary districts.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid fuel does not have toxicity, does not produce gas explosion, and has environmental conservation function. The liquid fuel is applicable to arbitrary districts, irrespective of climate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cylinder containing liquid fuel.    Liquid fuel (60)
NOVELTY - Organic compound fertilizer producing method, is new.    ADVANTAGE - Said invention fully utilizes the symbiotic property of different microbes, and combines several microbes together so as to raise the cellulose-decomposing rate, reduce cost and energy consumption and raise the production efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The production method of organic composite fertilizer includes the following steps: using crop waste (stalk, straws, stem, vine, fruit peel and fruit waste) as raw material, adopting compound barm to utilize twice fermentation technology to make fermentation, then mixing the obtained fermented product with inorganic fertilizer to obtain the invented organic composite fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A blowing agent composition (I) comprises a 2-6C hydrocarbon (II) and a flame suppressing amount of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (III).    USE - In the preparation of polyisocyanate or polyisocyanurate closed-cell foams, used in a wide variety of insulation applications including roofing system, building panel, refrigerator and freezer.    ADVANTAGE - The blowing agent composition containing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane reduces the flammability characteristics of hydrocarbon blown polyurethane and polyisocyanurate closed-cell foams.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a closed cell foam prepared by foaming a polyisocyanate or polyisocyanurate in the presence of (I); and    (2) preparation of a foam composition based on isocyanate which involves reacting and foaming a mixture comprising a polyisocyanate and a polyol in the presence of (I), a catalyst and optionally at least one compound selected from fire retardant, surfactant, colorant, auxiliary blowing agent, dispersing agent or cell stabilizer.
NOVELTY - The unit cell comprises a solid polymer film (11) provided on both sides with electrodes (13,15) having concavo-convex shaped grooves (12,14) for passing gases on outer surface. Separators (16,17) are provided on outer surface of electrodes.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The unit cell is inexpensive and lightweight. Gas passageways are formed easily on electrode surface by printing a resin and baking to form a concavo-convex layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional drawing of unit cell for fuel cells.    solid polymer film (11)    grooves (12,14)    electrodes (13,15)    separators (16,17)
NOVELTY - Catalyst for selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in reformed gas, comprises ruthenium or a mixture of ruthenium and platinum. The ruthenium or ruthenium-platinum mixture is present to a thickness of 100 mum on the outer surface of a porous support.    USE - For selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in reformed gas which is used for solid polymeric type fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is selective towards oxidation of carbon monoxide and amount of carbon monoxide in the reformed gas is reduced to 0.1 volume% or less. The low temperature characteristics and electricity generation efficiency of fuel cell using the reformed gas formed using the catalyst, is thereby enhanced.
NOVELTY - The device has a container (2) with at least one gas inlet and outlet and at least one liquid delivery opening. The liquid is located in a region (B) of the container above the gas inlet (3), whereby another region (D) of the container has a dividing element (7) that is permeable to gas and is arranged in the path of the gas flow to the gas outlet. A free region (C) is arranged between the region containing the liquid and the dividing element.    USE - For moistening a gas flow, especially a process gas flow in a PEM fuel cell system e.g. for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a gas flow to be moistened with a few simple components and an expensive controller or regulator to be dispensed with.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a device for moistening gas flow    container (2)    liquid containing region (B)    gas inlet (3)    region containing dividing element (D)    dividing element (7)    free region (C)
NOVELTY - The method involves introducing a quantity of moistening liquid directly into the gas flow that is greater than that required to achieve a theoretical relative humidity of 100 per cent ands removing the residual liquid in the gas flow after the gas flow has covered a distance in the flow direction following the introduction of the liquid.    USE - For moistening a gas flow, especially process gas flows in air-breathing PEM fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a high humidity or relative humidity to be achieved without sensors or a regulator and with minimal costs of control and of a moistening device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: an arrangement for implementing the method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of part s of a fuel cell system with a gas flow moistening arrangement    injection nozzle (1)    condensate separator (2)    liquid feed (12)    heat transfer device (7)    liquid reservoir container (10)
NOVELTY - The device has a compressor, a high pressure compressor and a unit with two coupled synchronous machines. The first machine can be connected to a storage battery and the second can be connected to fuel cell electrical outputs. The rectifiers and machine field windings are connected to a circuit that controls the first machine as a motor and the second to idle during starting and the second as a motor and the first as a generator after starting.    USE - For generating electrical energy with a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Developed to simplify the device and to improve its overall efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device has a compressor for delivering oxidant to the fuel cell, a high pressure compressor for supplying a combustion gas generation system with air and a unit (14) with two rigidly coupled synchronous machines (15,16). The first machine can be connected via a rectifier (21) to a storage battery (24) and the second can be connected via a rectifier (28) to electrical outputs (2,3) of the fuel cell. The rectifiers and the machine field windings (20,27) are connected to a control circuit (36) that controls the first machine as a motor and the second to idle during starting and the second as a motor and the first as a generator after starting. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a method of operating a device for generating electrical energy with a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a device for generating electrical energy with a fuel cell    synchronous machines (15,16)    rectifier (21)    storage battery (24)    rectifier (28)    electrical outputs of fuel cell (2,3)    field windings (20,27)    control circuit (36)
NOVELTY - The method involves monitoring the voltage from one or more cells, comparing it with two different selected values and either generating a first signal if the voltage is less than a first voltage and greater than or equal to a smaller second value or generating a second signal if the voltage is less than the second selected value. The external load is reduced if the first signal is generated.    USE - For operating a fuel cell system with a fuel processing device that feeds a flow rich in hydrogen to a fuel cell stack, whereby the hydrogen reacts with oxygen to feed electrical power to an external load e.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Can be easily and advantageously used in existing fuel cell systems and can be used with a variety of fuel cell systems.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram representation of a method of monitoring and controlling a fuel cell stack (Drawing includes non-English text)
NOVELTY - A process for producing a fatty acid lower alcohol ester is by reacting an intact microorganism containing a lipase with a fat and a linear lower alcohol in a system with little or no solvent in the presence of water.    USE - The method is for producing fatty acid lower alcohol esters in almost solvent-less system from e.g. vegetable oils, animal fats, and waste oil, with moisture for recycling to provide biological diesel fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Such process is easy, highly efficient and at low cost, which can be operated in an almost solvent-less system. Production of biodiesel has beneficial environmental implications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a recombinant microorganism containing lipase in its body with a DNA sequence to express lipase but with deletion of a sequence related to its secretion.
NOVELTY - A waste disposal composting installation has a series of cells each with a forced air ventilation system, the arrangement facilitates control of the air supply and humidity in accordance with the state of decomposition.    USE - Waste disposal composting cell bank installation with forced air ventilation and chimney effect ventilation.    ADVANTAGE - The dual system minimizes the time required for full composting without supplementary heat or the injection of micro-organisms.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composting installation rests on an impervious base and has aeration channels (1) sub-divided into cells by dividing walls and an aeration pipe (3) to each cell. A piped supply of compressed air is maintained to the cells through a valve and/or flow regulator. Each cell has a tap-controlled water drain pipe (2). The water drainage channels (10) run alongside the aeration channels and have no dividing walls. The front face of each channel has a cover with a stopcock. The decomposing matter can be humidified as required by back-flushing residual water through the drain system with compressed air pulses. The ventilation passages and water drainage channels are pre-installed in a prefabricated concrete block, or are installed on-site using prefabricated components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional side view of the composting installation.    Aeration channels (1)    water drainpipe (2)    water drainage channel (10)    aeration pipe (3)    coarse rotting material (5)    cover (9)    fine rotting material (4)
NOVELTY - A thermal regulating composition comprises a first material and a second material capable of sorbing and desorbing a heat transfer material. The second material is present in an amount to sorb an amount of the heat transfer material to remove a portion of the heat generated when the first material undergoes an exothermic reaction. The first and second materials comprise a mixture.    USE - Used as e.g. a catalyst system in a fuel processor for a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a catalyst material that is easier and safer to handle, and can be oxidized (as for shipping) or activated more easily, safely and conveniently than the conventional catalyst systems. The temperature quenching capability of the inventive composition allows improved temperature control of the composition during reaction. It has improved controllability through heat exchange methods and reactant control e.g. cutting off or reducing reactants).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) an article comprising a fuel processor for a fuel cell system and the catalyst composite disposed within an interior of a reformer; and    (B) the regulation of the temperature within an exothermic reaction, comprising providing a mixture of the first and second materials, and desorbing from the second material a portion of the heat transfer material to remove a portion of the heat generated when the catalyst material undergoes an exothermic reaction.
NOVELTY - In the recovery of metals by treating an ore with a sulfur-oxidizing microorganism (A) to produce a metal-rich leachate (MRL), which is separated, and a residue, a sulfur-containing compound (I) is mixed with (A) before, during or after contact with the ore.    USE - The method is used to recover nickel, cobalt, copper and zinc in the leachate, optionally also precious and platinum-group metals from the residue.    ADVANTAGE - Addition of (I) allows the amount of sulfuric acid produced by (A) to be adjusted depending on the ore being processed. Producing sulfuric acid in situ from (I) reduces, or eliminates, the need for a separate sulfuric acid-manufacturing plant, so reduces costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) method for bioleaching metal ore by mixing (A) and (I), blending the mixture with ore to form agglomerates of average size over 6 mesh but under 1 inch, forming these into a heap and applying, to the heap, an aqueous solution so that sulfuric acid is formed systemically;    (b) method for leaching metal from an ore by mixing (A) and (I) to form a leach solution and using this to treat the ore, to produce MRL and residue; and    (c) methods for recovering a precious or platinum-group metal (B) from an ore, or concentrate, containing at least one of nickel, cobalt, copper and zinc.
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide purification apparatus comprises a feeding device (1) for feeding hydrogen gas, a catalyst reaction device (2) having a catalyst body (2a) supporting a platinum type catalyst, an induction device (3) to introduce hydrogen gas containing the carbon monoxide and an oxygen gas feeding device to feed oxygen into the catalyst reaction device.    USE - Used in the purification of carbon monoxide in low temperature fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus recovers catalysts activities reduced by carbon monoxide, has good work safety and reduces stability of carbon monoxide in hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the purification of carbon monoxide using the above apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the apparatus.    Hydrogen gas feeding device (1)    Catalyst reaction device (2)    Catalyst body (2a)    Temperature adjusting device (2b)    Temperature detection device (2c)    Hydrogen gas introduction device (3)    Air feeding device (4)    Hydrogen gas discharge device (7)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack has at least one membrane-electrode unit with proton conducting membrane electrolyte membrane between an anode and a cathode, the anode and cathode sides of the electrolyte membrane provided with respective gas distribution structures, having channels for feeding the anode or cathode gas from an entry region to an exit region. A coolant distribution structure has channels for leading a coolant gas from an entry region to an exit region, with an overlap between the coolant gas entry region and the cathode gas exit region, for condensation of the water vapor in the discharged cathode gas.    USE - The fuel cell stack is used for generating electrical power, e.g. for an electrically-operated vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The condensation of the water vapor within the fuel cell is effected without reducing the efficiency of the fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for an operating method for an electrochemical fuel cell stack is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of an electrochemical fuel cell stack. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Treatment of aqueous effluents to reduce their content of ethers (I) comprises growing Gordonia terrae CIP I-2194 in presence of a substrate (II), then degrading (I) in the effluent using the resulting biomass, in presence of (II). (I) is one or more of ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and/or tert-pentyl methyl ether (TAME).    USE - The method is used to eliminate (I), added to lead-free petrol to increase its octane number, from water, e.g. where this has become contaminated by accidental spillage.    ADVANTAGE - CIP I-2194 is constitutive for degradation of (I); contrast known strains which are inducible for degradation, so show a period of latency during growth.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack (26) is equipped with an oxidant inlet manifold (27) that directs the oxidant stream (25) through oxidant channels (19) in the cathode field flow plates (17) for each cell in the stack assembly. Spent oxidant leaves the stack through an exhaust manifold (28). An oxygen treated fuel stream is directed through half of the fuel channels in the anode field flow plate (18) of each cell. In doing so, the oxygen treated fuel stream (32) is gradually depleted of oxygen through the chemical reaction with the carbon monoxide in the fuel supply.    USE - To preserve the efficient operation of the fuel cell stack assembly    ADVANTAGE - Prevents contamination of the anode catalyst layer within each fuel cell    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a fuel cell with multiple gas injection points    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Simplified diagram of manifold feed system    Cathode plates (17)    Anode plates (18)    Oxidant channels (19)    Oxidant stream (25)    Fuel cell stack (26)    Inlet manifold (27)    exhaust manifold (28)    Fuel stream (32)
NOVELTY - A microbe of epsilon proteobacterium in which: (1) the base sequence of 16S rRNA shows at least 90 % homology to the defined base sequence (S1) given in the specification; and (2) it assimilates a petroleum compound under anaerobic condition and can grow.    USE - The microbe can be used for decomposing petroleum compounds contaminating underground water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a DNA of the base sequence of the sequence (S2) (or a DNA which has a base sequence in which at least one base is deleted, replaced or added in the sequence (S2) and can hybridize with a DNA of the base sequence of (S1)); and    (2) a method for detecting specifically the above microbe by using the above DNA.    cagtatcatcccagcaga (S2)
NOVELTY - Agents for removing organic substances in circulating water, contain Bacillus subtilis kubota (FERM BP-5847) with specific characteristics given in the specification as an active ingredient.    USE - The agent is useful for removing organic substances in circulating water used for fish culture, especially eel culturing medium.    ADVANTAGE - Organic substances are efficiently removed from the water, without causing environmental pollution. Water quality is maintained for a long period of time.
NOVELTY - A cut-off valve (13) provided to original fuel supply line (3), is closed during operation of fuel cell power generating device. Another cut-off valve (14) provided on reformed gas supply line (6), is closed during shutdown of power generating device.    USE - Fuel battery provided with modifier of partial oxidation modification system used for e.g., motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Maintenance property and versatility of modifier are improved. Reactivation can be performed by re-reducing a catalyst in modifier efficiently, without interrupting operation of the device. Eliminates unnecessary reduction in operation with cessation of operation of modifier. Reduces modification in performance by oxidation of catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell power generating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel supply line (3)    Reformed gas supply line (6)    Cut-off valves (13,14)
NOVELTY - Ultraviolet (UV) rays are irradiated to organochlorine compound (OCC) (1), in presence of polar organic solvent (2) and water (4), solvent is recovered from UV processed liquid (5) and residual liquor (6) is cultured by microorganism which decomposes OCC present in liquor. Microbial cell is recovered from culture solution (9) and bacteriolyzed by non-polar organic solvent (12) which is recovered from the bacteriolysis processed liquid (14).    USE - For decomposing organochlorine compound such as polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) (claimed) and organochlorine agrochemical such as hexachloro cyclohexane and DDT.    ADVANTAGE - The organochlorine compound such as polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), is decomposed effectively in short period of time without formation of toxic substance. The polar organic solvent and non-polar organic solvent used during decomposition of organochlorine compound, are recovered effectively. The amount of waste liquid generated during decomposition of organochlorine compound is reduced. The amount of chemicals needed for preparing culture medium is also reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart for decomposition of organochlorine compound. (Drawing includes non-English language).    Organochlorine compound (PCB) (1)    Polar organic solvent (IPA) (2)    Water (4)    UV rays processed liquid (5)    Residual liquor (6)    Culture solution (9)    non-polar organic solvent (12)    Bacteriolysis processed liquid (14)    Lysate (15)
NOVELTY - Microorganisms such as Gordonia rubropertinctus have the capability to decompose petroleum type hydrocarbons.    USE - For biotic purification of soil or water containing petroleum type hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - Soil and water containing petroleum type hydrocarbons such as n-alkane and isoalkane can be purified efficiently using the microbe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for purifying soil or water containing petroleum type hydrocarbons by contacting it with Gordonia genus.
NOVELTY - An agricultural methane generator reactor vessel has an externally-fitted inlet shaft with sub-surface release of inputs, and a higher-located outlet for spent residues.    USE - Bio-reactor for the generation of especially methane from farm wastes. The inlet arrangement allows vegetable matter which might otherwise float on fluid, to be introduced under the fluid surface, speeding initiation of the fermentation reaction and break-down.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor reduces the time taken for completion of the fermentation reaction process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A biological reactor (T4a, T4b) generates methane and carbon dioxide by the combined digestion of animal slurry and waste vegetable matter. Animal slurry and vegetable matter is introduced through an vertical side-shaft (T3) having a lower inlet ( F13). Spent wastes are discharged through the shaft upper outlet (F12). The vertical side-shaft is mounted especially externally on or near to the reactor outer wall. Both the lower inlet and upper outlet are linked with the reactor chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional diagram of a combined mixer and reactor.    Reactor (T4a, T4b)    Side-shaft (T3)    Inlet (F13)    Outlet (F12)
NOVELTY - Reflector arm (1) supports two opposite-lying mirrors (6', 6'') surrounded by an aerodynamic protective capsule with closing devices (3', 3'') positioned before the mirrors. The arm is located on two long feet (5'') which freely pass through the capsule and which are fixed to an optical platform with the lasers fixed to the airplane (10).    USE - Used for an open cell of a diode laser spectrometer on an airplane.    ADVANTAGE - The spectrometer is provided with good optical stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the spectrometer.    reflector arm (1)    closing devices (3', 3'')    feet (5'')    mirrors (6', 6'')    airplane (10)
NOVELTY - An agricultural fermentation silo (1) has a chamber (2) holding a charge of fermenting straw or hay and is filled to a pre-determined level (2a) . The charge is agitated by a rotating array of overhead height-adjustable mixer blades (3a-g) which are repeatedly lowered into and lifted from the charge.    USE - Fermenting silo for waste organic agricultural by-products such as straw.    ADVANTAGE - Regular break-down of the crust speeds completion of the fermentation process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mixer (3a-g) blades are fitted to an array of horizontal rotating shafts (4) . Each shaft has a series of paddle or propeller blades arranged in a helical or alternating array. The array of paddle blades may be raised or lowered in accordance with the depth of the silo charge. The silo chamber has an overhead sensor (14) which determines the thickness of any crust (15a) forming on top of the charge. The silo has an overhead membrane (21) to capture combustible gas for use as a fuel. The mixer blades are operated at pre-planned intervals and when a crust has formed which prevents the escape of gases from the fermenting organic matter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional side view of the fermentation silo. (Drawing includes non English-language text) .    Fermentation silo (1)    chamber (2)    filling level (2a)    mixer blades (3a-g)    shaft (4)    crust sensor (14)    crust (15a)    gas membrane (21)
NOVELTY - An insulated air-tight container holding a charge of loose or bulk biological solids, is new. The container is shaped as a trough, ditch, hole in the ground or pan, and is filled especially by the effect of gravity upon the charge.    USE - For converting vegetable or plant matter into methane under anaerobic conditions.    ADVANTAGE - The container provides easy access for mechanical handling devices.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An insulated air-tight container holding a charge of loose or bulk biological solids, is new. The container is shaped as a trough, ditch, hole in the ground or pan, and is filled especially by the effect of gravity upon the charge. The container upper edge is level with the surface of the earth or positioned for convenience of filling and emptying. The container base is flat, cambered or channeled, with or without a gradient. The base incorporates an inlet pipe for starter fluid, a heating system, a drain for percolating fluid. The container may have chambers or cells which are covered by countersunk air-tight closures whose edges deflect rain and snow.
NOVELTY - A special organic fertilizer able to improve soil is produced through proportionally mixing the matter containing animal protein with the treated waste of agricultural and side-line products, addition of actinomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete and lactobacillus, and fermenting for a certain time, and features activating the nutrients inherent in soil, improving water-stabilizing aggregate structure of soil, increasing crops power to resist pests and diseases, and durable and high facility.
NOVELTY - A high-energy feed with comprehensive nutrients is made up of crops' stalk and straw and grass through crushing stalks and straws, powdering grass, preparing high-energy leavening agent, mixing, sealed fermentation, preparing additive, mixing, granulating and packaging, and features wide sources of raw materials, low cost and broad spectrum.
NOVELTY - A small scale drum composter (10) having a single mixing and composting chamber, is new. The chamber comprises a sealed cylindrical drum (12) having a port (52) for garbage, a chain drive (22) for rotating the drum, a mixing mechanism (30, 32), a perforate leachate collection channel (42) with an air and water intake (44), a temperature probe (48), a heating mechanism, and a valved gas outlet.    USE - As a composter used in a very limited space environment.    ADVANTAGE - The invention eliminates venting of noxious gases. The liquid content of the composting mass and the temperature are controlled, thus composting is efficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a drum of a small scale composter.    Composter (10)    Drum (12)    Chain drive (22)    Mixing mechanism (30, 32)    Collection channel (42)    Air and water intake (44)    Temperature probe (48)    Probe (52).
NOVELTY - A fused gene contains DNAs encoding a secretory signal peptide, a polypeptide capable of capturing a metal and a surface localized protein.    USE - The gene can express a polypeptide capable of capturing metal, for recombinant vectors and transformants which are applicable in purifying environment and recovering metal, including waste treatment.    ADVANTAGE - By using the transformants, environmental purification and metal recovery can be efficiently performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a similar fused gene containing a base sequence (I) of 1700 base pairs (bp) for expressing a protein capable of capturing a metal on a cell surface;    (2) a recombinant vector containing the gene;    (3) a transformant containing the recombinant vector;    (4) an environment-purifying agent containing the transformant;    (5) a metal-recovering agent containing the transformant;    (6) a column packed with the transformant;    (7) an environment-purifying device containing the column(s);    (8) a method for purifying the environment by adding the transformant to a metal-polluted environmental material; and    (9) a method for recovery of a metal by adding the transformant to a metal-polluted environmental material before treating the transformant with a chelating agent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Model cell attached with a protein capable of capturing a metal. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Recycling an organic pre-screened fraction (I) of municipal solid waste derived from separate or sorted collections comprises shredding (I), breaking up the cell membrane of (I), crushing the shredded (I) to separate a liquid part (II) from a first solid part (III), subjecting (II) to an anaerobic process to obtain a second solid part (IV) and biogas.    USE - The method is useful for recycling the organic fraction (I) of municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides the dense organic liquid (V), which is of excellent quality and is separate from the remaining fibrous part. The method provides (V) through simple and safe operations and provides a low-cost apparatus for sorting the resulting product. The method increases disposal volumes for an equal fermentation plant. The method uses insufficiently sorted fractions with good process results. The method expands the categories of waste that can be processed by means of a fermentation-based recovery process. The method obtains a higher quality and a larger amount of biogas. The method is an alternative to current waste disposal systems, demonstrating that it integrates perfectly in the recovery of biomass as a renewable and alternative energy source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for use of (II) obtained from the process for shredding and crushing (I) of municipal solid waste.
NOVELTY - A process and system that combines free-radical generation, oxidation and microbial degradation to ensure the solubilization, sterilization and permanent destruction of water-soluble polymeric materials to facilitate liquid stream disposal.    USE - The process is useful for the complete solubilization, sterilization, radioactivity filtration and destruction of clothing, supplies, equipment and other articles made of polyvinyl alcohol    ADVANTAGE - Subsequent downstream precipitation of the polymer material from the liquid waste stream is eliminated, such that polymer products are destroyed regardless of whether they are hot or cold water-soluble    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Aqueous waste streams containing polyvinyl alcohol are treated in a chemical process, by (a) adding an oxidizing agent to the waste stream, (b) generating hydroxyl radicals from the oxidizing agent, and (c) producing 1 or more organic acid from the PVA. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for chemically treating aqueous waste streams containing water-soluble polymeric material, by adding an oxidizing agent to the stream, generating the hydroxyl radicals, and producing the organic acid. Also, a system for destroying water-soluble polymers in an aqueous waste stream, comprising a reactor, oxidative agent injection system, and a neutralization vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A process flow diagram is shown for the destruction and treatment of waste streams comprising water-soluble polymers.
NOVELTY - A method of refining fuels for fuel batteries comprises removing CO by low temperature plasma reacting with H2 generated by corona discharge.    USE - The method is suitable for polymer fuel batteries or phosphate fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The method does not require catalysts, and hence reduces the pollution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the method.    Fuel (1)    Steam modifier (2)    CO transformer (3)    High voltage electrode (6)    Power source (8)    Corona discharge generator (9)    Absorption trough (11)
NOVELTY - A method for degrading a hardly degradable harmful material in soil ash or water by using a microorganism or an enzyme produced by such microorganism comprises reducing or exterminating miscellaneous bacteria in the soil, ash or water, and contacting the resultant mixture with a microorganism capable of degrading the material and/or enzyme produced by it.    USE - The method is for the degradation of hardly degradable harmful materials, which is useful in managing incineration facilities for municipal garbage and industrial waste and effluent discharged from factories including gas, liquid, ash and soil, with decomposition of e.g. dioxins, endocrine disrupters, detergents and agrochemicals.    ADVANTAGE - The process can be applied in decomposing hardly degradable harmful materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for degrading a hardly degradable harmful material in its contaminated soil comprising:    (a) calculation of the toxicity equivalent quantity (TEQ) of the contaminated soil;    (b) selecting a microbial group with higher decomposition capability than the specific value obtained in (a) which can proliferate in such soil;    (c) adding microorganisms which are normally present in the contaminated soil together with nutrients to promote growth;    (d) treating growth-inhibiting microorganisms if present to reduce their activity then inoculating the microorganism with degradation capability before proliferation enhancement;    (e) promoting production of the enzyme for degradation in the microorganism; and    (f) monitoring the release of such enzyme to the soil for regulating the microbial proliferation conditions.
NOVELTY - The stack of cells (2,4) have thermal pathway about 4 cm. The cell has solid electrolyte (10) provided between oxygen electrode (8) and fuel electrode (12). The cell has feed passages to provide reactant gases to electrodes. A rim portion (7) radiates cell heat outside the cell, by radiative cooling.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel cells provide high quality power with greater efficiency and low emissions than conventional power generation system. Fuel cell provides reduction in air flow required to cool the systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrochemical apparatus cooling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded view of fuel cell.    Cells (2,4)    Rim (7)    Oxygen electrode (8)    Solid electrolyte (10)    Fuel electrode (12)
NOVELTY - An article comprising a bio-supportive matrix with at least one bio-limiting agent and one nutritional source on a substrate, useful for preventing fouling.    USE - For preventing fouling, it can be used as a means of producing specific allelochemicals with pharmaceutical or organism inhibiting properties on e.g. boat hulls and cement supports, such as culverts.    ADVANTAGE - The biomass which forms on the matrix produces allelochemicals that either repel or kill unwanted organisms which could cause fouling. It can be used as a means of producing specific allelochemicals with pharmaceutical or organism inhibiting properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a bio-supportive matrix including the bio-limiting agent and a nutritional source;    (2) a method of preventing fouling comprising applying the matrix as a coating to a substrate and allowing a bio-mass to form on the matrix;    (3) a method of preventing migration of organisms comprising applying the matrix to a substrate in an area where the matrix is biodegradable to form a biomass that produces allelochemicals to provide a barrier to organism migration; and    (4) a method of producing allelochemicals comprising removing the allelochemicals produced by the biomass.
NOVELTY - A concentration of an exhaust component in an engine is determined by operating a modified combustor (3) while measuring the concentrations of exhaust component and carbon dioxide; computing concentration of carbon dioxide in the exhaust of the engine based on engine air flow, fuel flow, and fuel hydrogen/carbon ratio; and calculating the concentration of the exhaust component.    USE - For determining concentration of an exhaust component in an engine, e.g. gas turbine engines used in aircraft or in utility power plants.    ADVANTAGE - The invention (a) eliminates the need to build multiple prototypes when developing a new combustor; and (b) allows monitoring of the performance of an engine, and for taking action when the performance of one of its combustors deteriorates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Determination of concentration of an exhaust component in an engine having combustors comprises:    (a) modifying a selected combustor;    (b) operating the selected combustor, while measuring concentration (A) of the exhaust component, and while measuring concentration (B) of carbon dioxide in the selected combustor;    (c) computing concentration (C) of carbon dioxide in an exhaust of the engine based on engine air flow, fuel flow, and fuel hydrogen/carbon ratio; and (d) calculating concentration (D) of the exhaust component according to the equation D = (AdivideB)xC.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (A) a method of monitoring performance of a gas turbine engine having combustors; and (B) a combustor for a gas turbine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a lateral cross-section of the combustor used in the engine.    Combustor (3)
NOVELTY - Disintegrator has housing with inlet and outlet branch pipes, cylindrical rotor provided with holes and mounted along axis of housing; holes of rotor are engageable with holes of housing through circular passage. Rotor is frictionally engageable with additional rotor. Holes of housing are made in perforated rings forming cavities together with housing which are isolated from inlet and outlet branch pipes and are communicated with subsequent stages of dynamic disintegrators and with receiving chamber of electrolysis plant. Outlet branch pipe of first stage of dynamic disintegrators is connected with chlorella generator having transparent walls, lights and transversal grid baffles forming sections: upper section is communicated with methane tank by mash and lower section is communicated with methane tank by biogas; fermentation chambers of methane tank are provided with dispersers. Methane fermentation chamber of methane tank is connected with belt-type press- filter by slime line and acid fermentation chamber is connected with pig manure receiver. Lower section of chlorella generator is brought into communication with centrifugal microfilter by water with chlorella suspended in water and with belt-type press-filter by biomass line; filtered water receiver is communicated with belt-type press-filter by biomass line; filtered water receiver is connected with inlet branch pipe of dynamic disintegrators and outlet branch pipe of these disintegrators is connected with upper section of chlorella generator by chlorella disintegrate.    USE - Disintegration technique; cleaning sewage of pig- breeding farms.    ADVANTAGE - Increased productivity enhanced operational efficiency due to additional of biofermentation, protein-vitamin additive, methane, deuterium and oxygen. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Plant includes methane tank with acid, alkaline and methane fermentation chambers equipped with dispersers with circular passage between cylindrical surface of rotor and housing. Biogas supercharger is communicated with chlorella generator. Plant includes also centrifugal microfilter with dynamic disintegrator fitted with branch pipe for removal of disintegrate and mixture of ordinary water and deuterium water which is communicated with receiver. Hydraulic seal provided within area of branch pipes is equipped with rectification column with transversal perforated partition forming sections communicated through overflow pipes. Upper section is connected with dephlegmator by steam line and with rectification tower by phlegma through hydraulic seal. Lower section is connected with heat exchanger and with treated water receiver and with circulation loop of water-moderated water-cooled power reactor through this receiver, with circulating pump and separator. Circulation loop is communicated with additional rectification column and commercial treated water (T2O). receiver. This plant is also used for production of heavy water through repeated partial evaporation of ordinary water and condensation of heavy water; heavy water is converted into treated water through activation in cooling loop of water-moderated water-cooled power reactor; concentration of treated water increases by 20 to 30 times as compared with standard level.    USE - Complex biological treatment of sewage at atomic power station with channel-type high-power reactors at generation of commercial products: methane (CH4),, protein-vitamin additive, treated water (T2O) for electric heat generators for extreme North regions.    ADVANTAGE - Possibility of generation of superheavy water as commercial product used as power source. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Normal alkanes are fed into catalytic dehydrogenation zone, dehydrogenation-zone contact gas is fed into normal alkenes-to-isoalkenes isomerization zone in presence of hydrogen, and isomerization-zone contact gas is fed into separation zone. Isomerization zone contains catalyst: alumina on which silicon and/or halide, and/or variable-valence metal, preferably palladium, compounds are applied.    USE - Petrochemical processes.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Mixture isolated from isomerization-zone contact gas, containing chiefly hydrocarbons with the same number of carbon atoms as in original alkane(s), is separated either by:    (1) chemical binding of tert-alkene(s) in presence of acid catalyst with water and/or alcohol(s), and/or formaldehyde; or    (2) dimerization followed by separation of mixture of unreacted hydrocarbons, isolation of n-alkenes therefrom by rectification with polar agent(s) or by chemical binding by water and/or alcohol(s), and/or by dimerization, whereas n-alkanes are returned into dehydrogenation zone and n-alkenes optionally into isomerization zone; or    (3) rectification separation with polar agent(s) followed by returning isolated alkane(s) into dehydrogenation zone and isolating tert-alkenes from distilled off polar agent by chemical binding by water and/or alcohol(s), and/or formaldehyde; or    (4) dimerization and optionally returning stream containing mainly n-alkenes into isomerization zone.
NOVELTY - A compost maturation apparatus (A) has a maturation container (1) of hermetic-type which receives compost (B) obtained by fermentation of organic waste, an inlet and outlet for supplying and exhausting air into container, and a vacuum pump (4) and supply unit for causing pressure difference by passing air repeatedly.    USE - The apparatus is used for decomposing organic refuse such as foodstuffs.    ADVANTAGE - By changing the pressure in the maturation container, fresh air is uniformly supplied and the fermentation of the compost is accelerated. The compost maturation apparatus is compact and inexpensive. The compost is matured within a short period. The organic waste generated can be effectively recycled. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the plant cultivation chamber can be restrained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the compost maturation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Maturation container (1)    Vacuum pump (4)    Exhaust valve (6)    Feed valve (9)    Ultrasonic generator (15)    Compost maturation apparatus (A)    Compost (B)
NOVELTY - Manufacturing agricultural waste material compost by explosive break process or steaming of agricultural waste material.    USE - The compost is used as a fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The compost effectively incinerates and matures the waste material such as chaff, in a short period, thereby preventing environmental pollution. The compost manufactured economically provides fertilizer with stable quantity and quality.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing machine comprises a treatment tank (6), which organic refuse is fed into, stirring blades (10) and water sprinkling pipe (11), where the treated liquid is stored in a tank (7), a drainage pipe (41) leads the stored liquid from the upper part of tank (7), a feed pipe supplies water to the tank (7) and dilutes the treated liquid, and the stored liquid is then refluxed.    USE - The apparatus is used to decompose organic refuse, using a microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism used to decompose organic refuse, is utilized effectively. Since the microorganism is circulated and used, total exchange of microbe support is avoided. 100 % volume reduction of microorganism is attained and exhaustion of microorganism is reduced. Stored water is diluted with spring water and hence contamination of pipes is reduced. Since odor of refuse is dissolved in water, bad odor is not generated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a processing method for the organic refuse. Water sprinkling, dilution of water and reflux of stored liquid are automatically controlled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of an organic refuse process machine.    Treatment tank (6)    Water storage tank (7)    Stirring blade (10)    Water sprinkling pipe (11)    Drainage pipe (41)
NOVELTY - A vapor transfer component (L1) permits inflow of water from a water tank (13) to a fuel tank (1), when pressure of alcohol vapor in the fuel tank exceeds a predetermined pressure. A canister (15) has an adsorption component which absorbs alcohol vapor inflow to the water tank. A vapor transfer component (L3) between the canister and a combustor (7) transfers absorbed alcohol vapor to the combustor.    USE - For e.g. motor vehicle and waterborne vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to process the alcohol vapor without releasing the canister to the external.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of an alcohol fuel vapor processing apparatus for vehicle.    Fuel tank (1)    Combustor (7)    Water tank (13)    Canister (15)    Vapor transfer component (L1)    Vapor transfer component (L3)
NOVELTY - Wastes is treated in a thermal decomposition furnace (14). Thermolysis residue is ground and is supplied to the front stage melting gasification portion (11) of a melting furnace (10). Thermolysis gas and thermolysis oil produced by thermal decomposition are passed to a gas reforming portion (12) in the latter stage of the furnace (10). Cracking of residue occurs in the furnace and combustible gas consisting of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is obtained.    USE - For municipal solid wastes, for recovering organic substances as combustible gas.    ADVANTAGE - Heat loss is decreased and gasification efficiency is increased. Since gas transformation melting furnace is in low pressure, rapid cooling of products is unnecessary and so need for usage of cooling water is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Waste material is treated in a thermal decomposition furnace to produce a mixture of thermolysis residue, thermolysis gas and thermolysis oil. Thermolysis residue is ground and supplied to gas transformation melting furnace where molten slag and ash are formed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory block diagram of waste material processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Melting furnace (10)    Front stage melting gasification portion (11)    Gas reforming portion (12)    Thermal decomposition furnace (14)    Grinding device (15)
NOVELTY - Inflammable waste material undergoes a thermolysis reaction at 400 degrees C inside a pipe (3) of a vertical type furnace pipe (5) with rotation of a screw (2) conveyor. Nozzles (4) attached to the pipe discharge crack gas which is burnt in the furnace maintaining the furnace temperature. Carbide of waste material is cooled and discharged from the lower outlet of the pipe.    USE - For decomposing inflammable waste material with minimized formation of dioxins.    ADVANTAGE - Sufficient heating surface is obtained and carbonization by thermolysis of inflammable waste material is stable and efficient. A throughput of waste material of about 10-1000 T/day is enabled. Gasification of carbide can also be performed for energy recovery. Thermolysis is improved by recovering cracked gas and using it for thermolysis. Odor generated in the treatment is observed since the gas is used for combustion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vertical pipe is operated in air interruption condition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of inflammable waste decomposition thermolysis apparatus.    Screw (2)    Pipe (3)    Nozzles (4)    Vertical type furnace pipe (5)
NOVELTY - Forming a net-formed garbage bag for composting comprises forming a lactone resin (A) into a net.    USE - The bag is used for composting garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The bag is adaptable to composting apparatuses and permits treatment of garbage at high temperature in a short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Forming a net-formed garbage bag for composting comprises forming a lactone resin (A) into a net. Preferably, the composition comprises 20 wt. % or higher of (A), 80 wt. % of starch(es) (B), and an additive (C). The bag is disintegrated into a shapeless mass through melting and/or biodegradation during the composting process at 50 -80 degreesC in a composting apparatus. The disintegration time for the bag is 0.5 - 10 hours. The apparatus has a stirring device.
NOVELTY - A chip and/or fibrous lignocellulose material is press-molded, such that the specific gravity of the mold is 0.2-1.2. The mold is carbonized by heating or pressing at 500-1200degreesC in the absence of oxygen to obtain a molded carbide.    USE - Used as a building material, an exterior material, a gardening material, a purifier for adsorbing indoor humidity and indoor volatile harmful gases and as an internal material, e.g. for residential floors, core material and ceiling material, e.g. wall panels.    ADVANTAGE - The molded article is manufactured economically since bark and/or herb stalks is/are used as a raw material and expensive adhesive is not used. Generation of harmful gas by combustion of adhesive during heating at high temperature is prevented. The method prevents environmental pollution by effective use of agricultural waste materials such as wood waste material and bark or rice straw, and industrial waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of molded carbide.
NOVELTY - Removal of contaminants from a feed gas stream involves contacting feed gas with a multi-composite adsorbent comprising a mixture of a carbon dioxide adsorbent such as zeolite 13X, a water adsorbent, a nitrogen oxide and/or hydrocarbon adsorbent such as zeolite 5A.    USE - For pre-purification of air by removing contaminants, such as water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and trace impurities from feed gas streams.    ADVANTAGE - The method selectively and efficiently adsorbs gaseous impurities from feed gas streams. The multi-composite adsorbent provides uniform distribution of each adsorbent along the bed to achieve maximum adsorbent performance, uniform temperature distribution to avoid cold/hot spot problems and maintains stable performance, potential synergies amongst different adsorbents, and is economical when compared to conventional multi-layer bed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a composite adsorbent.
NOVELTY - Process for purifying air comprises thermally adsorbing air to be purified at a first temperature in a first adsorption zone containing a first adsorbent to completely remove water vapor and/or carbon dioxide and then in a second adsorption zone containing a second adsorbent containing strongly nitrogen-bonding metal ions, before feeding a regeneration gas into the first adsorption zone at a second higher temperature.    USE - For removing water, carbon dioxide, laughing gas, ethylene and/or propane.    ADVANTAGE - Impurities in the air can be reliably removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for purifying air comprising two adsorption zones with a heater connecting them via a regenerating gas line.
NOVELTY - Process for treating a medium with microorganisms comprises: (a) introducing microorganisms into the medium from a bioreactor; (b) measuring a physical, chemical and/or biochemical parameter of the medium; and (c) controlling the operation of the bioreactor in response to the measured parameter to alter the composition, activity and/or amount of the microorganisms introduced into the medium.    USE - The process is useful for treating waste water with purifying bacteria (including photosynthetic, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria), nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (including symbiotic algae, actinomycetes and bacteria) and/or fungi (mastigomycetes, zygomycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes).    ADVANTAGE - The bioreactor is controlled in response to changing physical, chemical and/or biochemical properties of the medium to be treated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for carrying out such a process, comprising a bioreactor and devices for performing steps (a)-(c).
NOVELTY - The system comprises a low temperature fuel cell and reactor system, with a reformer for converting fuel containing hydrogen into reformed gas, which includes hydrogen gas flow and secondary product gas flow.    USE - Fuel cell power production system, for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell reacts quickly to large power demands. Does not have to consider carbon monoxide or other harmful gases. The motor of an electric vehicle can start in less than 3 seconds. The fuel cell power generation system is lighter, smaller and more economic than other fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen gas flow in the reformed gas is provided approximately to about 10-80 percent of the reformed gas. The hydrogen gas flow is less than about 0.002 vol. percent carbon monoxide gas included with all operating conditions. The metal hydride buffer includes approx. 8-12 kg of a metal hydride and the metal hydride buffer is in the position to store approximately 100 g hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram illustrating the fuel cell power system.    Fuel cell power production system (10)    Fuel reformer (12)    Fuel cell (14)    Metal hydride buffer (16)    Metal diaphragm separator (22)    Electric motor (32)    CPU (40)
NOVELTY - An enhanced perchlorate remediation of water, soils and other contaminated materials, using bacteria DM-17 at high kinetic reduction rates    USE - The process is useful for removing nitrates and perchlorates from water, soil, and other contaminated materials    ADVANTAGE - High kinetic reduction rates are displayed by the culture relative to other autotrophic and heterotrophic systems    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Nitrate is removed from a material contaminated by it, by (a) providing a sediment containing a bacterial culture that includes 1 or more nitrate-reducing bacteria, and (b) enhancing bacterial reduction of nitrate in the material by contacting it with the sediment in the presence of perchlorate.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for removing perchlorate from a material contaminated with it, by treatment with bacteria DM-17, optionally in the presence of less than 1.0 mM nitrate, such that the material is further treated to remove the nitrate.
NOVELTY - Brevibacillus laterosporus PS-2 (VKPM B-7820) is new.    USE - PS-2 degrades polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and is useful for detoxifying PCB-contaminated soil, water and chemical/electrochemical wastes and for converting PCBs into other chemicals. A PS-2 culture was diluted to 107 cells/cm3 and sprayed onto the surface of PCB-contaminated soil at a rate of 1 l/m3. The soil was kept at room temperature for 2 months. The PCB content after 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 months was 32.6, 24.3, 19.2 and 7.5 mg/kg, respectively.
NOVELTY - Gaseous or vaporized liquid fuel and vaporized water are supplied from feed pipes (26,28) to reformer (24) through mixing orifice (34). Fuel orifice (42) is connected to fuel passage (46) of fuel cell stack (12) located above reformer. Air passage (54) of fuel stack is supplied with air through annular cap (60) and sealing ring (58). Exhaust passage (32) is defined in gap between fuel stack and can (62).    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Provides high fuel to electric power efficiency as the reformer and vaporizer are integrated thermally.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cooling air from source is supplied through air inlet to space between enclosure and can is filled with porous thermal insulator (56). Hot air plenum between cap and can receives air, collecting heat from fuel cell stack. Electric heating element (30) is adapted to heat incoming fuel, water and air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic cross section of electrochemical cell.    Fuel cell stack (12)    Feed pipes (26,28)    Electric heating element (30)    Orifice (34,42)    Air passage (54)    Sealing ring (58)    Thermal insulator (56)    Can (62)
NOVELTY - A method for storing natural gas comprises: (a) mixing the natural gas with one or more 2-3C optionally saturated hydrocarbons; and (b) storing the mixture at 110degreesF or less and at least 1000 psia in the absence of a coherent liquid phase. The product of the z-factor and the molecular weight of the mixture is less than the product of the z-factor and the natural gas molecular weight alone.    USE - The method is used for transport and storage of natural gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Allows natural gas to be safely stored and transported at increased pressures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method for storing natural gas by mixing with one or more inorganic compound selected from ammonia, carbon monoxide and hydrogen fluoride at 110degreesF or less and at least 1000 psia in the absence of a coherent liquid phase; and    (2) a gas mixture for use in a pipeline or storage facility at 1000 psia or greater and -40 to +100degreesF comprising methane (68-92 vol.%), ethane (6-35 vol.%), propane (0-12 vol.%), butane (0-1 vol.%), carbon dioxide or nitrogen (1 vol.% or less) and ammonia or hydrogen fluoride (0.5-10 wt.%).
NOVELTY - A composting apparatus has a system for charging a basic mixture into a bioreactor provided with an aerator and having two fans. The bioreactor has two horizontal rotating drums, one of drums operating in mesophil mode and the other drum operating in thermophil mode. Drums are connected through a heat-insulated handling system for material to be composted. A thermophil mode operating drum is equipped with a ready compost discharge system. A suction branch pipe of second fan is connected via a heat-exchanger to a perforated pipe disposed along a thermophil mode drum wall, and a suction branch pipe of a first fan is positioned opposite a discharge opening in the upper part of a thermophil mode drum and is connected via a heat-exchanger to perforated pipe extending along mesophil mode drum wall. Apparatus may be used for producing composts from manure and dung mixed with moisture-absorbing materials in a continuous mode of operation.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency in stabilizing composting process at any season of the year, reduced power consumption and improved quality of compost. 3 dwg
NOVELTY - Apparatus has agricultural waste collector and methane tank connected to collector and including acid fermentation chamber, neutral fermentation chamber, alkali fermentation chamber, and methane fermentation chamber, with all fermentation chambers being equipped with dispersers. Methane fermentation chamber is communicated with fermenter having casing and light-transmitting walls. Illuminating devices are arranged at outer sides of light-transmitting walls. Fermenter casing is divided into sections by transverse perforated walls to which hollow glass balls are secured. Glass balls are adapted for cultivation of blue-green algae providing processing of agricultural wastes. Sections are communicated via overflow pipes. Methane is directed from top section of fermenter via hydraulic gate into gas holder and onto gas turbine of drive for electric generator which generates electric power. Bottom section of fermenter is connected via centrifugal microfilter to belt-type press filter and to drier for protein-vitamin additive, which is produced by processing of excessive biomass of blue-green algae. Bottom section of fermenter is connected via microfilter to dynamic disintegrator including housing composed of two joined cylinders and incorporating two frictionally joined rotors. Blue-green cells are destructed in disintegrator, and heavy water accumulated in it is discharged into collector. Apparatus of such construction provides effective processing of agricultural wastes and allows additional products, such as methane, compost, protein-vitamin additives and heavy water to be obtained.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Wider operational capabilities and enhanced reliability in operation. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Apparatus has agricultural waste collector and methane tank including acid fermentation chamber, neutral fermentation chamber, alkali fermentation chamber, and methane fermentation chamber. All fermentation chambers are equipped with dispersers. Methane tank is mounted in room having overhead covering on which solid-phase fermenter with film cover is positioned. Methane fermentation chamber of methane tank is communicated with fermenter including housing with light-transmitting walls and illuminating devices positioned at outer side of housing walls. Fermenter housing is divided into sections by transverse perforated walls. Drive shaft is positioned axially of fermenter housing and equipped with turbines which are located under perforated walls. Top section of fermenter is connected to gas holder and to power station equipped with gas turbine and electric generator for generating electric power. Additional transverse perforated walls are arranged between main transverse perforated walls. Fermenter bottom section is connected to centrifugal microfilter. Excessive biomass is discharged from centrifugal microfilter to belt-type press filter and to protein-vitamin drier. Centrifugal microfilter is connected to dynamic disintegrator where cell casings are destructed and heavy and superheavy water is produced. Apparatus of such construction provides complete processing of agricultural wastes and allows methane, protein-vitamin additives, biological fertilizer, compost, electric power, heavy and superheavy water to be produced.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Wider operational capabilities and enhanced reliability in operation. 2 dwg
NOVELTY - Apparatus has agricultural waste collector and methane tank with acid fermentation chamber, neutral fermentation chamber, alkali fermentation chamber and methane fermentation chamber, with all fermentation chambers being equipped with dispersers. Methane fermentation chamber of methane tank is connected to fermenter including two stages, which are divided by transverse perforated walls into sections. Hollow glass balls located on perforated walls are adapted for cultivating chlorella and sulfur bacteria. Sections are communicated via overflow pipes. Mash is delivered from methane tank chamber to top section of each stage and is directed via overflow pipes to lower sections. Chlorella and sulfur bacteria process mash from agricultural wastes in sections of each stage of fermenter. Methane produced during processing is directed from top section of upper stage of fermenter to gas turbine of electric generator drive. Bottom section of upper stage of fermenter is connected through belt-type press filter to drier for obtaining protein-vitamin additive and to dynamic disintegrator for obtaining heavy water. Bottom section of lower stage of fermenter is connected to through belt-type press filter to drier for obtaining protein-vitamin additive and to dynamic disintegrator for obtaining superheavy water. Sludge is discharged from methane fermentation chamber to press filter with drier for producing biofertilizer. Apparatus of such construction allows agricultural wastes to be completely processed and wider range of by-products to be obtained.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency and enhanced reliability in operation. 2 dwg
NOVELTY - The rotary composting apparatus has screw conveyor (30) provided in the end plates (20) for supplying raw material into the drum (2). A screw conveyor (40) provided to the end plate (20a), ejects compost out of the drum. The gas in the drum is exhausted through the exhaust port (31) which is provided adjacent to the supply port (32) in the screw conveyor (30).    USE - For stirring sludge and forming compost.    ADVANTAGE - The clogging of the exhaust port by the dust in the exhaust gas is prevented. Adherence of the dust close to the discharge port is prevented. The leakage of the raw material is extremely reduced. The setting angle of the stirring blade is adjusted without stopping the operation. Enables ejecting optimum amount of compost, even when the amount of raw material changes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The rotary composting apparatus has screw conveyor (30) provided in the end plates (20) for supplying raw material into the drum (2). A screw conveyor (40) provided to the end plate (20a), ejects compost out of the drum. The gas in the drum is exhausted through the exhaust port (31) which is provided adjacent to the supply port (32) in the screw conveyor (30). The bearing bars (5) are provided inside the drum, to stir the raw material. The end plates (20,20a) fixed on the base (1), cover both the ends of the drum. The sealing with the sealing board extends radially outside the conical surface of the end plate. The stirring blades are provided rotatably in the bearing bar (5) which penetrates the outer peripheral wall. The screw conveyor (40) which penetrates the axial center of end plate, has receiving window (42) opened within the drum.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of the rotary composting apparatus (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Base (1)    Drum (2)    Bearing bar (5)    End plates (20,20a)    Screw conveyors (30,40)    Exhaust port (31)    Supply port (32)    Receiving window (42)
NOVELTY - Housing structure for organic waste processing plant comprises a roof.    USE - For organic waste processing plant such as domestic livestock waste and food residue processing plant.    ADVANTAGE - Water or moisture content from processed waste material is reliably ejected outdoors, with securing air-tight sealing of the housing structure, at the same time. Odor ejected outdoors, while processing putrefactive waste, is minimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Housing structure for organic waste processing plant comprises a roof. The roof inner surface of the structure is coated with a resin sheet. The lower end of resin sheet is fixed to an inward catchment member. Water droplets descending along back of the resin sheet are collected in catchment member. Holes are formed at base of catchment member and a second resin sheet is fixed under catchment member to receive water falling through. The second resin sheet covers the outer walls. The inclined roof of the structure is coated with a resin sheet (3) through a support material, at the inner surface. The lower end of resin sheet is fixed to a catchment member (1) distributed inwardly along the sides of the roof, for catching water. Water droplets (4) descending along the back side of the resin sheet (by internal evaporation) are collected in the catchment member. Holes (6) are formed at predetermined intervals at the base (5) of the catchment member and a second resin sheet (8) is fixed under the catchment member beneath the holes to receive water droplets falling through the holes. The second resin sheet covers the outer walls of the housing from the eaves.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of roof with catchment member for housing for organic refuse processing.    Catchment member (1)    Water channel (2)    Resin sheet (3)    Water droplets (4)    Base of channel (5)    Small hole (6)    Support flange (7)    Second resin sheet (8)
NOVELTY - Digestive gas combustion system is new.    USE - For generating heat from organic waste, drugs ejected from sewage sludge and beer factory, waste liquid from candy plant and general home.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids maintenance problem resulting from impurity in digestive gas, as burner burns impurity without need for air for combustion. Enables combustion of digestive gas without increasing cost, uses steam produced in boiler effectively in a heating device, sludge drying device as well as to drive a steam turbine. Utilizes digestive gas optimally without increasing any wastage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Digestive gas combustion system is installed in a power plant where town gas driven turbine (1) is coupled to generator (3). High temperature exhaust gas from the turbine and digestive gas produced by organic waste in a digestive tank (7) under anaerobic atmosphere, are supplied to a burner (4). Combustion gas from the burner is fed to a boiler (11) to generate steam for use in heating device (10) and sludge drying device (9).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of digestive gas combustion processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Town gas driven turbine (1)    Generator (3)    Burner (4)    Digestive tank (7)    Sludge drying device (9)    Heating device (10)    Boiler (11)
NOVELTY - Bacterial assimilation of ammonia in excreta of animals, is new.    USE - The method is used for the inhibition of ammonia generation.    ADVANTAGE - The compost that is produced has reduced bad odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Bacillus sp. TAT105 (FERM P-17558) or Bacillus sp. TAT112 (FERM P-17559) is used for the inhibition of generation of ammonia from animal excreta during compost preparation, particularly at concentrations of 10,000,000-100,000,000 colony forming units (CFU)/wet g of excreta.
NOVELTY - Waste water containing epichlorohydrin is decomposed using the novel microorganism Arthrobacter ureafaceiens 3CL7 (FERM P-17450) strain, Microbacterium sp. CL13 (FERM P-17452) strain and Erwinia carotovora 4CL5 (FERM P-17451) strain, is new.    USE - For treating waste water and liquid waste containing epichlorohydrin ejected from chemical plants.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective decomposition of epichlorohydrin in the waste liquid using novel strains of microorganism.
NOVELTY - A composting heap of organic matter which is ventilated from within by air pipes which are manufactured of biodegradable material, especially recycled paper or cardboard is new.    USE - The compost heap bio-degradable air pipe made of paper or cardboard is useful for supplying ventilation to the heap.    ADVANTAGE - The paper pipes function better than prior art plastic pipes in the composting process and are capable of withstanding the high temperatures generated in the process. Paper pipes are bio-degradable, contain no toxins and can be manufactured for a chosen service life. The paper pipe system requires lower capital and has lower operating costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The air supply is maintained by pipes made in sections and joined either by sleeve fittings or self-adhesive tape. Each pipe has a series of air holes which are dimensioned in accordance with the required air supply. The pipe-end is closed by a cap made of the same material. The pipe wall thickness is chosen in accordance with the required service life.
NOVELTY - A silo generates gas (2) from a charge of fermenting organic waste under a gas membrane (11). The membrane is secured to the silo wall from which it can be detached by operation of a mechanism outside the silo wall.    USE - Gas generation silo for fermentation of organic farm waste.    ADVANTAGE - The silo need not be emptied prior to replacement of a porous membrane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A silo generates gas (2) from a charge of fermenting organic waste under a gas membrane (11). The membrane is secured to the silo wall from which it can be detached by operation of a mechanism outside the silo wall.    The membrane inner face is exposed to the gas, while the outer face is attached to a thermally insulated (3) silo wall by loops tied or hooked to the wall around the circumference. The membrane is impervious to methane and is strengthened by woven fibres. The membrane rim hangs into a water-filled gutter (20) on the silo inner face forming a gas-tight seal The membrane rises and falls in accordance with the gas volume and ambient pressure, and is protected by a removable roof (6). The membrane is positioned and sealed or removed only after first removing the roof. The silo wall has a cap (24) preventing the ingress of rain water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of the seal arrangement.    Thermal insulation (3)    water seal (20)    gas membrane (11)    membrane rim (11a)    roof (6)    cap (24)
NOVELTY - Working up domestic waste and recovering valuable materials comprises spreading and isolating the waste components on a sorting surface (17) and reading off individual components. The sorting surface is connected to an evacuated and heated treatment chamber (8) in which the waste is heated to at least 80 degrees C, dried and sterilized.    USE - For working up domestic waste and recovering valuable materials from households, hotels, guesthouses, canteens and administrative buildings.    ADVANTAGE - The waste can be treated without using a crushing stage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for working up domestic waste and recovering valuable materials.    Preferred Features: Evaporated water is collected in a condenser (13). The waste is heated to at least 134 degrees C but not more than 160 degrees C in a non-reactive atmosphere. The pressure in the chamber is reduced to less than 400, preferably less than 100 mbar.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the process.    Treatment chamber (8)    Condenser (13)    Sorting surface (17)
NOVELTY - Working up liquid and/or solid organic waste materials into liquid fuels, especially diesel and heating oils, comprises continuously mixing the waste material with a solid heated inert material; thermally cracking high molecular hydrocarbons of hydrocarbon compounds into fuel fractions and further cracked fractions; separating the fuel fractions from the cracked fractions and storing as fuel or further processing.    USE - For working up liquid and/or solid organic waste materials into liquid fuels, especially diesel and heating oils.    ADVANTAGE - The process has a low energy requirement and high product yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for carrying out the process comprising a collecting vessel (1) for the waste materials; a device (2) for pre-treating the waste materials; a mixing device (3) for mixing the waste materials with the inert material, e.g. quartz sand or slag; and a separating device (4) for separating the fuel fractions from the cracked fractions.    Preferred Features: The inert material has a temperature of 450-650 degrees C. Thermal cracking is carried out in a screw mixer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the working up device.    Collecting vessel (1)    Pre-treating device (2)    Mixing device (3)    Separating device (4)
NOVELTY - An exhaust gas purification device has devices for oxidizing exhaust gases exiting the engine and fed to a turbine of the turbocharger.    USE - For oxidizing CO and CH4 to CO2 and H2O.    ADVANTAGE - Reliable oxidation is carried out.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The oxidation devices contain a catalyst (17). The catalyst is arranged in an exhaust gas collecting pipe (8) of the engine. The collecting pipe has a catalytically active layer (18) on its inner side. Fibers with a catalytically active surface are arranged in the collecting pipe. A perforated sheet bent into a tube with a catalytically active surface is arranged in the collecting pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the exhaust gas collecting pipe.    Exhaust gas collecting pipe (8)    Catalyst (17)    Catalytically active layer (18)
NOVELTY - A process for extracting mycoprotein from waste fermented liquid after its product has been separated out includes aerating, releasing, mixing with flocculant, or directly mixing flocculant with waste fermented liquid, separation in float trough, filter, dewatering and drying. The temp of waste fermented liquid is 40-55 deg. C and said flocculant is sodium polyacrylate. The obtained mycoprotein can be used in gourmet powder industry, or to prepare biomedicine, enzyme prepn., amino acids, citric acid, etc.
NOVELTY - A microorganism deactivating system comprising a watertight housing having inlet and outlet ports. A light source and a baffle for directing uniform fluid flow parallel to light source are positioned within the housing. The light source is surrounded by jacket to provide watertight barrier. A circulating cooling material to cool the light source is provided within the watertight barrier.    USE - For deactivating microorganisms in fluid, e.g. air or water.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides efficient, effective, high throughput processing and is economical and practical. It is effective to deactivate Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, viruses and other microorganisms in fluid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of pulsed light processing apparatus.    housing (702)    baffle (704)    lamp holders (708, 712)    inlet port (714)
NOVELTY - Catalytic partial oxidation of heavy hydrocarbons involves passing a feed gas mixture through a catalytic structure in the absence of steam. The feed gas mixture comprises oxygen containing gas and sulfur containing heavy hydrocarbon fuel, and the catalytic structure comprises a noble metal supported on an open-channel support.    USE - The method is for catalytic partial oxidation of heavy hydrocarbon into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The produced hydrogen and carbon monoxide is useful as fuel to a solid oxide fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The method has stable operating conditions in the presence of sulfur, without deactivation of the catalyst. It provides very fast reaction rates, thus requiring small reactor volumes. It produces high yields of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Sulfur compounds are converted into hydrogen sulfide, which can be easily removed from the gaseous stream by existing clean up technology.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Catalytic partial oxidation of heavy hydrocarbons involves providing a feed gas mixture comprising oxygen containing gas and sulfur containing heavy hydrocarbon fuel, and a catalytic structure comprising a noble metal supported on an open-channel support. The feed mixture has an atomic carbon to atomic oxygen ratio of 0.5-1. The noble metal is present in an amount of 5-30 wt.%. The feed gas mixture is passed through the catalytic structure in the absence of steam. The catalytic structure is maintained at greater than 1050 degrees C to produce an exit gas stream containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Each of the hydrogen and carbon monoxide has a yield of at least 80%.
NOVELTY - The assembly has fuel cell plates arranged to form at least one fuel cell. The plates establish a manifold passageway (70) to communicate a fluid for the fuel cell. At least one of the plates includes flow channels (84) to communicate the fluid through the fuel cell. A valve selectively regulates communication of a fluid between the manifold passage way and the flow channels (84) included by at least one of the fuel cell.    USE - Fuel cell assembly with fluid regulation function.    ADVANTAGE - Selectively controls the flow of reactant liquid through the fuel cell by the valve.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The assembly has fuel cell plates each of which includes an opening. The openings of the fuel cell plates are aligned to form the manifold passageway (70). A valve selectively regulates communication of a fluid between the manifold passageway and the flow channels (84) included by at least one of the fuel cell. The valve regulates a flow of the reactant to selectively turn the fuel cell off. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of forming a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is top view of an anode cooler plate of the fuel cell stack.    Manifold passageway (70)    Flow channels (84)
NOVELTY - An isolated microorganism of the strain Bacillus American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 202132 is new.    USE - For producing lipase enzymes and protease enzymes. The novel bacterium and the enzymes are useful for: (a) wastewater treatment, e.g., municipal, food processing, and residential wastewater; (b) agriculture, e.g., as Direct Fed Microbial in livestock feed formulations to increase food digestion and utilization, as silage inoculant, and livestock manure waste management; (c) laundry and dish detergents; (d) spot removers; (e) treatment of pipes, traps, plumbing systems, and grease traps; and (f) treatment of on site sewage disposal systems, such as septic tanks and cesspools.    ADVANTAGE - The invention and the enzymes can improve the quality and efficiency of the treatment of municipal wastewater, food processing wastewater, residential wastewater and pipes, traps, plumbing systems, and grease traps.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) a combination comprising strain Bacillus ATCC 202132 and one or more microorganisms; and    (B) method of treating wastewater, plumbing system components, and animal feed using:    (1) the above microorganism combination; or    (2) the invented strain Bacillus ATCC 202132 only.
NOVELTY - The front end of transfer conveyor (40) is arranged below a scoop conveyor (30). When a transfer turning over machine (20) is advanced in longitudinal direction, the conveyors (30,40) are advanced from the lower part to the upper part and return back to lower part, by rotation operation.    USE - For compost fermenter.    ADVANTAGE - Even when length of a fermenter is shortened, the number of days required to compute fermentation is reduced by increasing the advancing angle of both conveyors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical side view of the material feeder.    Fermenter (10)    Low wall (11)    End wall (13)    Compost material (17)    Transfer turning over machine (20)    Truck (22)    Wheel (23)    Driving motor (26)    Scoop conveyor (30)    Conveyor frame (31)    Roller (32)    Conveyor belt (33)    Electrically driven screw rod (33)    Transfer conveyor (40)
NOVELTY - The conveyor (1) for organic refuse process machine (20), consists of conveyor (2) which conveys the organic refuse, and a conveyor (3) which distributes the organic refuse to the fermenter. Adjoining the undersurface of the conveyor belt (7) for distribution, a draining apparatus (18) is constructed.    USE - Conveyor of organic refuse process machine.    ADVANTAGE - By providing the draining apparatus, water adhering to the conveyor belt of distribution conveyor is prohibited from collecting in the fermenter and organic refuse process machine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the conveyors and organic refuse process machine.    Conveyors (1-3)    Conveyor belt (5)    Blower (12)    Pipe (16)    Draining apparatus (18)    Organic refuse process machine (20)
NOVELTY - Fuel modifier has modification catalyst layer containing mixture of liquid hydrocarbon (methane, (m)ethanol and gasoline) and water. The mixture is vaporized by passing heating gas to form reformed gas by water vapor modification and partial oxidation. The amount of oxidizing gas and/or heating gas are changed based on change in modifier output so as to inhibit temperature fluctuation of catalyst layer.    USE - For formation of hydrogen-rich reformed gas.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst life is improved. The temperature fluctuation of catalyst layer due to the change of load in fuel modifier is inhibited.
NOVELTY - A field heating gas vaporizes original fuel which is a mixture of water and liquid hydrocarbons, such as methane, methanol, ethanol and gasoline, to form a hydrogen-rich reformed gas. The reformed gas is obtained by water vapor modification and partial oxidation modification reactions. One or more parts of the catalyst layer except the heating gas inlet side, is cooled with air for partial oxidation.    USE - For fuel cell power generation device and chemical processing plants.    ADVANTAGE - Rate of modification of fuel is improved. Size of the evaporator is reduced.
NOVELTY - A nozzle (25) is provided at a height above exhaust gas intake in a shower room (20) which is provided in a deodorizing tank (3). An exhaust gas tinctured with odor is drawn in through an intake (18) and allowed to raise during which the nozzle sprinkles water.    USE - For deodorizing exhaust gas generated in treatment tank of organic waste processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Enables removal of dust and odor from exhaust gas by sprinkling cold water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A treatment tank carries out mixing of organic refuse and microorganism medium. The deodorizing tank deodorizes the exhaust gas. Cold water is sprinkled onto the raising exhaust gas in the deodorizing tank containing a couple of deodorant chambers (21,22).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of deodorant tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Deodorizing tank (3)    Intake (18)    Shower room (20)    Deodorant chambers (21,22)    Nozzle (25)
NOVELTY - A motor drives stirring blades (10) inside a treatment tank (2) through a shaft (7). A water sprinkling pipe sprinkles water into deodorizing tank (3) that contains microorganisms. Stirring and mixing of organic refuse with microorganisms is carried out inside the treatment tank. The deodorizing tank deodorizes the exhaust gas ejected from the treatment tank, using source microorganisms.    USE - For processing and deodorizing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Offers deodorizing tank that deodorize the odor developed during fermentation of organic refuse. Water sprinkling pipe provides suitable environment for the growth of aerobic bacteria which decomposes odor present in exhaust gas of fermentation tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of treatment tank.    Treatment tank (2)    Deodorizing tank (3)    Shaft (7)    Stirring blades (10)
NOVELTY - Liquid waste from solid-liquid separation of livestock waste, is supplied to treatment tank (1), aerated and subjected to microorganism oxidation. A specified amount of liquid waste is passed and stored in a storage tank (3), and boiled. The boiled liquid is supplied to treatment tank again. A part of treated waste from tank (1) is re-circulated, so that amount of material maintained is constant.    USE - For injecting/supplying liquid wastes such as livestock waste to waste treatment tank.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid waste of high viscosity is processed efficiently and quickly in a short period of time. The delay in processing and fermentation, by the material settling into the bottom of tank, is prevented, and process velocity is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of waste water treatment tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Waste treatment tank (1)    Storage tank (3)    Relay tank (4)    Settling tank (5)    Drain part (10)    Sampling pipe (11)    Aeration means (12)    Pump with ejector (12a)    Suction pipe (12b)    Inlet pipe (12c)    Ejector part (12d)    Distributor (12f)    Air lift pipe (13)    Center well (14)    Defoaming machine (15)    Drainage pump (20)    Aeration apparatus (21)    Pumping pipe (30, 41)    Stirring pipe (31)    Pump (40)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system (2) for generating electricity at residence comprises fuel cell which is installed to attic (A) or behind ceiling of the residence. High purity hydrogen obtained by steam reforming of hydrocarbon using modifier is supplied to the fuel cell to generate electricity.    USE - Generating electricity used at residence.    ADVANTAGE - Large installation space for the fuel cell system is eliminated and the fuel cell system is installed in a small space i.e. unusable space of the residence. Hydrogen exhausted during electricity generation is ejected efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows section of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (2)    Attic (A)
NOVELTY - Producing (M1) recombinant microorganisms which can degrade (di)benzothiophenes comprises introducing a gene which encodes for dibenzothiophene degradation into a microorganism having the capability to degrade benzothiophenes, is new.    USE - The recombinant microorganism is useful for degrading benzothiophenes such as 2-methyl benzothiophene, 3-methyl benzothiophene, 5-methyl benzothiophene and 2-ethyl benzothiophene, and dibenzothiophenes 1-methyl dibenzothiophene, 2-methyl dibenzothiophene, 3-methyl dibenzothiophene, 3-ethyl dibenzothiophene, 3-propyl dibenzothiophene, 3-isopropyl dibenzothiophene, 2,8-dimethyl dibenzothiophene, 3,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene, 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene and 3,4,6-trimethyl dibenzothiophene such as by cultivating the microbe in a culture medium containing (di)benzothiophenes or contacting the microbe with (di)benzothiophenes (claimed). The recombinant microbe is also useful for desulfurization of fossil fuels.    ADVANTAGE - (Di)benzothiophenes can be effectively degraded under moderate conditions using the recombinant microorganisms.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a microbe that degrades (di)benzothiophenes obtained by M1.
NOVELTY - A predefined amount of raw material water is stored in gas liquid contact space (2) of a high pressure container (1). A natural gas circulation flow enters into upper part of contact space from gas space (6) formed in gas liquid contact space lower part through a porous board (5) and also flows into gas space. The circulating flow of natural gas and raw material water are contacted to form the hydrate.    USE - For manufacturing methane hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - Methane hydrate is manufactured efficiently. The elimination of unreacted natural gas is prevented and its utility is increased as the raw material water is contacted with circulating flow of natural gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of hydrate manufacturing apparatus.    Pressure container (1)    Gas liquid contact space (2)    Coil evaporator (3)    Porous board (5)    Gas space (6)    Storage tank (13)    Load heat exchanger (17)    Heater (26)
NOVELTY - The methane fermentation apparatus has methane fermentation tank (16) partitioned into two stages (I,II), device for introducing cracked gas (4) generated in stage (I) to stage (II), device for measuring partial pressure of hydrogen in digestive gas (6) generated from fermentation tank, H2 gas removal unit and recirculating system for recirculating residual gas devoid of hydrogen into fermentation tank.    USE - For decomposing organic waste and collecting generated methane which is used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Accumulation of organic acid in treatment tank is prevented, as partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the tank is reduced thereby, preventing rancidity. As hydrogen is converted into methane by the accumulated organic acid, quick recovery from rancidity is attained. Fermentation apparatus is compact. The amount of microorganisms which carries out fermentation of organic waste in treatment tank is increased, as the generated hydrogen gas acts as culture medium for microbes. Methane is recovered with high efficiency. The digestive gas generated from the fermentation tank is circulated to biological treatment unit where final processing of the waste is carried out, thereby enabling energy conservation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane fermentation of organic waste (1,2).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of methane fermentation apparatus.    Organic waste (1,2)    Cracked gas (4)    Digestive gas (6)
NOVELTY - A thermal swing adsorption process uses X-type zeolite with silicon/aluminum ratio of zeolitic phase of 0.9-1.3 for removing dinitrogen oxide(s) and hydrocarbon(s) from a gas stream.    USE - For removal of N2O and hydrocarbons from a gas stream.    ADVANTAGE - The process provides a highly purified air stream entering the cryogenic air separation unit resulting in a much safer plant and enabling the air separation unit to give products, which have an even higher purity than that attained by the conventional process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Thermal swing adsorption process involves passing (a) a gas stream through a first adsorbent layer which removes water from the gas stream; (b) a second adsorbent layer comprising sodium-X (NaX) zeolite for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the gas stream; and (c) a third adsorbent layer comprising an X zeolite for removing dinitrogen oxide(s) (N2O) and hydrocarbon(s) from a gas stream. The second and third adsorbents have a silicon/aluminum (Si/Al) ratio of the zeolitic phase of 0.9-1.3. The third adsorbent layer contains a cation composition from 0-100% calcium ions and 0-100% other ions. The other ions can be Group IA ions, Group IIA ions other than calcium, Group IB ions other than gold, Group IIB ions other than mercury, and/or ions of the lanthanide.
NOVELTY - Reactor comprises a reactor unit (1) into which the material to be converted and an oxygen-containing gas are introduced; and a heat exchanger (5) with a product stream path for passing the product stream through. The heat exchanger contains a unit for selective oxygen removal from the oxygen-containing crude gas which is in heat contact with the product gas stream and is connected to the reactor unit.    USE - For converting a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative, especially for hydrogen recovery in a fuel cell system of a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor is compact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The reactor further comprises a compressor (13) for compressing the oxygen-containing crude gas before injecting into the oxygen removal unit of the heat exchanger; and an expanding unit (18) mechanically coupled to the compressor for the retentate of the oxygen removal unit and/or the cathode waste gas of a coupled fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the reactor.    reactor unit (1)    heat exchanger (5)    compressor (13)    expanding unit (18)
NOVELTY - Production of a gas deficient in carbon dioxide and rich in hydrogen or a conditioned synthetic gas comprises carrying out pyrolysis and/or vapor reforming of a carbon-containing material in the presence of an exothermic CO2-binding adsorber material so that carbon dioxide formed is removed from the product gas produced completely or controlled partially by the adsorber material, and regenerating the adsorber material periodically using a thermal desorption reaction with the release of CO2.    USE - For a fuel cell system in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The process is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for producing a gas deficient in carbon dioxide and rich in hydrogen or a conditioned gas comprising a pyrolysis and/or vapor reformer unit and a device for the periodic thermal desorption of the adsorber material with the release of CO2.
NOVELTY - Operation of fuel cell involves introducing hydrogen produced on the anode side by hydrogen reforming to the fuel cell anode (1); reacting with oxygen-containing ions; withdrawing an anode waste gas produced and adding to the hydrogen introduced. The anode waste gas is subjected to a catalytic conversion and/or a purification during recycling.    USE - For operating a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - A good throughput and high selectivity is guaranteed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for operating a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell. (The drawing includes non-English language text)    anode (1)    hydrogen line (2)
NOVELTY - The production of phosphated organic compost by bioprocessing comprises treatment with marine algae, Rhizobium, bacteria, fungi, lichens and other bacteria, of different types of organic matter. The fixing of nitrogen accelerates solubilization of the phosphorus. Thus 50 parts of organic matter and 50 parts of natural rock, phosphorus pentoxide content 35 per cent, yield compost in 5 to 15 days. The compost is then enriched with urea and potassium chloride (6:10 mix) dried and bagged.    USE - In agriculture.
NOVELTY - A waste digester comprising a digester bed, a collection chamber, a waste support, and a harvesting assembly, is new. The waste support divides the collection chamber from the digester bed. The harvesting assembly comprises rake to traverse the digester bed, forcing the material through the waste support, and to the collection chamber.    USE - For digesting organic wastes by worms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of a waste digester for the digestion of organic wastes by worms.    Waste digester (10)    Resilient wire mesh (16)    Access cover (18)    Access hatches (20)    Rake members (26)    Rake frame (28)    Cover assembly (37)    Power source (38)    Temperature control system and sensor (44)    Moisture control system and sensor (46)    Central control unit (48)    Reverse-cycle air conditioner (50)    Reservoir (62)    Outlet piping (66)
NOVELTY - An aerobic thermophilic treatment of wastewater and sludge that is autothermal and matches the oxygen transfer to the oxygen demand.    USE - The process is useful for the treatment of wastewater and sludge yielding purified water with minimal biomass and biogas    ADVANTAGE - Specific parameters of the process are monitored in both the reactor bulk liquid and offgas or biogas produced to optimize and control the treatment    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An aerobic thermophilic treatment for waste, comprises:    (a) injecting waste material into a reactor vessel having thermophilic microorganisms to form a volume of bulk liquid in the vessel;    (b) injecting am oxygen-containing gas into the vessel so that oxygen is transferred into the bulk liquid for use by the microrganisms;    (c) monitoring the oxidation-reduction potential and temperature of the liquid; and,    (d) adjusting the rate of injection of the gas, the oxygen-transfer efficiency of the gas, and/or the volume of the liquid in the reactor in response to the monitored potential and liquid temperature to maintain the temperature within a predetermined range.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for similar processes and an apparatus for their treatment comprising a reactor vessel, separate waste and oxygen conduit coupled to this, an effluent conduit, a recycle conduit for part of the effluent back to the reactor vessel, and a temperature sensor.
NOVELTY - Several flat wires (3A,3B,3C,..) have opposing planar surfaces connectable with an electrode and ribbed separator (10). The flat wires are narrow and spaced at such a frequency to provide access of reactant gases (12) between the electrode and separator as well as to provide optimum mechanical support to the electrodes (2).    USE - Used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The material content is minimized and manufacturing constraints made easy, since the flat wires are thin.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the portion of the central active area of the current collector/electrode sub assembly.    Electrode (2)    Flat wires (3A,3B,3C,..)    Ribbed separator (10)    Reactant gases (12)
NOVELTY - The gas distribution system having primary valve which provides primary flow path from oxidant gas inlet (405) to inlet (203) of anode flow field plate, is blocked in primary position. During secondary position of valve, primary flow path is blocked such that flow from oxidant gas inlet (405) to inlet (203) of anode flow field plate is blocked.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - As oxidant gas flow is blocked during the secondary state, the amount of contamination of the fuel cells is reduced. Thus operation efficiency and life time of cells are increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell has cathode flow field plate, anode flow field plate. The cathode flow field plate has inlet and outlet, while the anode flow field plate has another inlet and outlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic representation of fuel cell system.    Inlet (203)    Oxidant gas inlet (405)
NOVELTY - The fluid conducting oxygen is kept in a stream of flow essentially in a longitudinal direction along the cathode (17), whereby the direction of the stream of flow is changed at intervals to prevent partial drying out of membrane. Selection of alteration frequency of the membrane inside cell provides correct humidity    USE - Method for operating a fuel cell, fuel cell with a polymer-electrolyte-membrane, to prevent partial drying out of membrane    ADVANTAGE - Provides even humidification for entire fuel cell so can have higher operating temperature and increase in performance of cell, simple form of fluid and gas feed channel along cathode    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell (1), in particular a fuel cell with a polymer-electrolyte-membrane in which the anode of the fuel cell is impinged upon with on a fluid conducting a fuel, e.g. hydrogen or methanol and the cathode of the fuel cell is impinged upon with a fluid conducting oxygen. Conditioning devices (5,9) remove humidity from air exiting from the flow channel on cathode side of cell and provides humidity to the air flowing in opposite direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic diagram of fuel cell with compressor and switch valve    Fuel cell (1)    Cathode (17)
NOVELTY - Long lasting foam carrier for immobilization of microorganisms, for treatment of organic waste water and eutrophic water, is new.    USE - Microbiological treatment of organic waste and eutrophic water immobilized on foam carrier.    ADVANTAGE - The foaming carrier for immobilization of microorganisms can be used merely by placing the foaming carrier in the treatment vessel, thus the necessary cost of treatment can be reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A foam carrier for immobilization of microorganisms used for treatment of organic waste water and eutrophic water in which the surface of the water resistant foaming carrier is coated with a positively charged polymer for improvement of affinity to water and/or microorganisms.    AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of treatment.
NOVELTY - The amount of gas respired during biodegradation and total organic carbon content of liquid phase are detected, and maturation of compost processed material is evaluated. The total organic carbon content of liquid phase is detected by solvent extraction process of processed compost    USE - For evaluating maturation of compost processed material such as organic waste, garbage, industrial waste and sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The method is easy and enables accurate measurement of maturation without use of complex chromatography technique.
NOVELTY - A portable bag for compost formation, comprising a compost formation chamber (9) storing raw material for decomposition away from the stable molding chamber (8), is new. A flap sheet (16) fixed to upper cyclic wall by hook and loop fasteners (17a,17b), is suspended along the outer side of compost extraction opening (15) which is provided to upper cyclic wall.    USE - Portable bag for collecting fallen leaves, and weeds in residence, during trekking.    ADVANTAGE - The portable bag can be carried easily and raw materials collected while carrying, are loaded easily. Extraction opening is covered by flap sheet, easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A portable bag for compost formation, comprising a compost formation chamber (9) storing raw material for decomposition away from the stable molding chamber (8), is new. A flap sheet (16) fixed to upper cyclic wall by hook and loop fasteners (17a,17b), is suspended along the outer side of compost extraction opening (15) which is provided to upper cyclic wall. The waterproof folding sheet consists of a ventilation hole (20) which opposes a compost extraction opening. A drain hole (18) is provided on a lower wall (2) of the bag. The fastener is mounted along the double-sided edge and inferior margin of the flap sheet. The bottom cyclic wall (3b) of surrounding wall (3) of predetermined height is formed from a low wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a portable bag from transverse plane side and back side.    Lower wall (2)    Surrounding wall (3)    Bottom cyclic wall (3b)    Stable molding chamber (8)    Compost formation chamber (9)    Compost extraction opening (15)    Flap sheet (16)    Hook and loop fasteners (17a,17b)    Drain hole (18)    Ventilation hole (20).
NOVELTY - The fermentation tank (2) has inclined bottom walls (2a). Stirring blades (10) rotate around a horizontal revolving shaft (7) to mix organic refuse and aerobic bacteria in the tank (2) for fermentation. A condensate drain pipe (13) is provided along the lowest portion of bottom wall (2a). External air intake pipe (14) is provided on a higher level behind the rotation direction of the blades.    USE - For fermentation degradation of organic refuse using aerobic bacteria.    ADVANTAGE - Enables adequate air intake, to promote aerobic decomposition, as air intake hole is provided on a higher level from drain hole, behind rotation direction of stirring blades. Ensures proper drainage of dew condensate, as drain pipe is provided along bottom wall of tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English text).    Fermentation tank (2)    Bottom wall (2a)    Revolving shaft (7)    Stirring blade (10)    Condensate drain pipe (13)    Air intake pipe (14)
NOVELTY - The machine consists of an air supply pipe to lead air from one side of waste water chamber to the other side, so as to induce into upper portion of drum through a suction pump. Air supply induces oxygen to microorganisms.    USE - For decomposition of waste foodstuff material using microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - Spreading of bad smell is prevented, as decomposition processing carried out quickly in closed atmosphere. Environmental pollution is controlled greatly by this machine by processing waste foodstuff materials. Manufacturing is made economical due to simplified structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An exhaust port is provided to exhaust the waste water from the waste water chamber. The chamber is provided to the bottom of a filter which is installed at the bottom of drum. A water sprinkling pipe is provided to carry out water sprinkling at the upper portion of drum.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional schematic view of decomposition processing machine.
NOVELTY - The method involves heating processing material, such as waste plastic, in a process tank (2) of reactor (1). The carbonization gas generated is burnt with fuel in a combustion tank (3). Solid particles and moisture content in the carbonization gas are removed. Waste gas is ejected.    USE - For treatment of waste plastic, such as vinyl chloride sheet, plastic containers, medical waste, chemicals and waste oil containers and other refuse.    ADVANTAGE - A compact and simple apparatus is used, hence maintenance, checking, repair and cleaning processes are easier. Energy conservation is attained since carbonization gas is effectively utilized as heat source. A clean waste gas without sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, is ejected. The residue after incineration is harmless and can be used as mixing material of fertilizer, soil improvement material, de-icing material and deodorant adsorbent. Moisture content in the carbonization gas is removed. Thermal efficiency of combustion tank is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for incineration processing apparatus for treating waste plastic.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of incineration processing apparatus.    Reactor (1)    Process tank (2)    Combustion tank (3)
NOVELTY - The waste plastic is gasified by mixing the plastic with heavy oil in the presence of gasified heavy oil. Gasification of heavy oil for producing heating gas is performed by partial oxidation of heavy oils, such as residue oil, with an oxidizing agent and steam, such as oxygen.    USE - For manufacturing gasified plastic for use as fuel in gasifier process in power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Waste plastic is efficiently converted into heating gas by using simple and inexpensive installation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for plastic gasification apparatus.
NOVELTY - Methane hydrate (13) manufacturing apparatus comprises pressure container (1) which withstands high pressure, porous board which partitions pressure container into upper and lower parts, two stage coil evaporator (3) arranged in upper portion, refrigerator (8) which supplies coolant to (3), raw material water pipe (11) to supply raw material to lower coil and natural gas supply unit arranged at lower part.    USE - For manufacturing methane hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - Methane hydrate is manufactured in large quantities with stability. Clogging of porous board by methane hydrate is prevented as a moving blade scrapes the formed metal hydrate. Adherence of gas hydrate in the coil evaporator is prevented. Manufactured methane hydrate is stored efficiently and concentrated in buffer and storage tanks. Unreacted natural gas is recycled as raw material gas. Formation efficiency of methane hydrate is improved as contacting of raw material and natural gas is accelerated by the ultrasonic vibrator. Over cooling is avoided during methane hydrate formation. Efficient temperature control of the pressure container is carried out by the ultrasonic vibrator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of methane hydrate which involves contacting natural gas and raw material water at 0-6.5 degreesC in a pressure container by blowing in natural gas at a pressure of 26-60 kg/cm2.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows systematic diagram of methane hydrate manufacturing apparatus.    Pressure container (1)    Coil evaporator (3)    Ultrasonic vibrator (4)    Porous board (5)    Refrigerator (8)    Buffer tank (9)    Raw material water pipe (11)    Storage tank (12)    Methane hydrate (13)    Load heat exchanger (16)    Moving blade (23)
NOVELTY - Vaporizer has cylinder filled with liquid fuel such as field fuel, heat exchanger (HE) and introduction line (3) provided between cylinder and HE, for producing liquid fuel pressure loss. HE provides necessary vaporization energy to liquid fuel, supplied from cylinder, and vaporizes liquid fuel. Vaporizer supplies vaporized fuel to reformer, for reforming original fuel to form hydrogen rich reformed gas.    USE - For reformer of fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The liquid fuel is vaporized easily and efficiently. Clogging of liquid fuel is prevented. The function of fuel cell is not affected. Usage of heat by fuel cell system is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of vaporizer for reformer of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cylinder (1)    Heat exchanger (2)    Introduction line (3)
NOVELTY - Fuel reformer has reaction chamber (RC) and burner (3) for heating RC. Catalyst layer (CL) (4) for reforming hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen rich fuel is formed in RC. Porous vapor generation layer (VL) is formed on upper stream side of fuel flow from CL. Hydrocarbon fuel and water are introduced into RC, permeated via VL and fuel is reformed by CL using water vapor, formed by utilizing heat from burner.    USE - For fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The pipe line and fuel cell system assembly can be simplified, as there is no need for external steam generator, due to generation of water vapor inside the fuel reformer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system, which comprises fuel reformer (1) for reforming hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen rich fuel for fuel cell. The fuel cell generates electricity by utilizing reformed fuel obtained from fuel reformer and oxidizing agent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel reformer (1)    Burner (3)    Catalyst layer (4)    Vapor generation layer (5)    Reaction chamber (19)    Rod-shaped member (31)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen (H2) supply apparatus has a container (1) provided with an occlusion-release (OR) chamber (2) and a H2 gas header (3) filled with H2 occlusion alloy powder (HOAP) (5). A heat exchanging tube (4) fixed with radiation fins (7) is arranged inside OR chamber. Gap between intermediation tube and fins is filled with HOAP. H2 OR pipe (6) which connects header and OR chamber, performs OR of H2.    USE - For hydrogen carriage, hydrogen engines and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Stable operation of fuel cells is enabled when the hydrogen supply apparatus is used. The initiation and high output drive of the fuel cell are improved effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen supply apparatus, which carries out occlusion and release of hydrogen, comprises a container provided with an occlusion-release chamber and a hydrogen gas header filled with HOAP. A harmonica tube-like heat exchanging tube fixed with several radiation fins (arranged in the shape of comb) is arranged in a zigzag manner inside the occlusion-release chamber. The gap between the intermediation tube and the radiation fin is filled with HOAP. The hydrogen occlusion-release pipe which connects the hydrogen gas header and occlusion-release chamber performs occlusion-release of hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional diagram of the hydrogen generator.    Container (1)    Occlusion-release chamber (2)    Hydrogen gas header (3)    Heat exchanging tube (4)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy powder (5)    Porous hydrogen occlusion-release pipe (6)    Radiation fins (7)
NOVELTY - A temperature sensor (3) detects temperature of catalyst (2) used for waste gas purification. Reducer unit is provided to change reducer density in the exhaust gas. A controller (7) is provided to control the functioning of reducer unit at specified frequency, based on temperature increase as detected by temperature sensor.    USE - For internal combustion engine of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst efficiently purifies oxides of nitrogen, irrespective of the temperature of waste gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Rhodium is used as the catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of waste gas purifier.    Catalyst (2)    Temperature sensor (3)    Controller (7)
NOVELTY - A gas analyzer comprises a source section; a detector section; two gas cells coupled with the source and detector sections; two windows adjacent an end of the two gas cells proximate the source and detector sections, respectively; and a set of seals disposed between the two windows and the two gas cells.    USE - For measuring a concentration of gases (e.g. carbon dioxide and water vapor in a sample gas, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, and methane), that have a high absorbance at different wavelength bands.    ADVANTAGE - The gas analyzer having removable gas cells allows a user to easily clean the cells instead of returning a contaminated gas analyzer to service personnel for disassembly, cleaning, and re-assembly. By eliminating wall reflections, dirt or debris on the walls of the cells will not result in inaccurate gas concentration measurements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gas analyzer comprises a source section; a detector section (150); two gas cells coupled with the source and detector sections; two windows (80, 90) adjacent an end of the two gas cells proximate the source and detector sections, respectively; and a set of seals between the two windows and the two gas cells. The set of seals is formed to prevent contaminants from entering the two gas cells when they are disposed between the two windows. It is further formed to allow the two gas cells to be removably disposed between the two windows.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram of a gas analyzer.    Light source (20)    Light disrupter (25)    Spatial filter (30)    Lenses (40, 50, 120, 130)    Gas cells (60, 70)    Windows (80, 90)    Detector section (150)
NOVELTY - Process for treating domestic waste comprises partially biologically degrading the waste in a rotting stage, regeneratively purifying a part of the waste air (21) produced during rotting and recycling the other part of the waste air as circulating air (22) into a feed region (18) of the rotting stage.    USE - For treating domestic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The process is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for carrying out the treatment process comprising a unit for the biological degradation of waste consisting of a container (11) for the waste and lines (12, 13) and container connections for introducing air and removing waste air. The unit has an apparatus (15) for purifying the waste air and devices for recycling the waste air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the waste treatment process. (Includes non-English language text).    Waste container (11)    Lines (12, 13)    Apparatus for purifying the waste air (15)    Feed region (18)    Waste air (21)    Circulating air (22)
NOVELTY - A modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber containing polyhydric amine polymer and polybasic carboxylic acid polymer in 5-40 wt% and optional fine calcium carbide particle in 0.01-10 wt% and being heat treated. The surface of this kind of fiber has high affinity to microbe so that microbe can deposit onto the surface fast firmly without falling.    USE - The fiber is suitable for use as carrier material to fix microbe in the active sludge process for treating sewage.
NOVELTY - A compost accelerator mixture, comprising an aqueous solution containing sodium gluconate and iron(II), manganese(II) and ammonium ions, and optionally soil matter and/or inorganic ingredients, is new.    USE - As a compost accelerator to reduce the time required for compost formation.    ADVANTAGE - The mixture provides a better quality compost matter in a more efficient and more advantageous manner than prior art processes. This increases the capacity of composting plants and allows more control of the product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for use of the novel compost accelerator.
NOVELTY - A putrescent waste bio-conversion device comprising a disposal truck having lateral sidewalls and a floor for receiving disposal volume containing putrescent waste, where the putrescent waste is bio-converted and transformed into waste residue inside the truck, and a scraper excavates at least a portion of the waste residue through an excavation gap, simultaneously with bio-conversion, is new.    USE - The apparatus is used for continuous bio-conversion of putrescent waste (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive device allows for an efficient and continuous bio-conversion of putrescent waste. The scraper can excavate waste residue without affecting the living system, thus the bio-conversion process is not affected.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A new putrescent waste bio-conversion device comprises a disposal truck (500) having lateral sidewalls and floor for receiving a disposal volume containing putrescent waste. A living system (530) bio-converts at least a portion of putrescent waste, transforming the putrescent waste into waste residue (532). A scraper (550) excavates at least a portion of the waste residue through an excavation gap, simultaneously with the bio-conversion of the putrescent waste.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for continuous bio-conversion of putrescent waste using the bio-conversion device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the disposal truck with scraper and putrescent waste.    Disposal truck (500)    Under-pan (514)    Living system (530)    Waste residue (532)    Scraper (550)    Blades (552)
NOVELTY - The push rod (21) driven by the drive unit (22), is inserted in the air pipe (2) which is closed air tightly. The pump (32) supplies air to the inside of fermenter (1) through the gap (23) between air pipe and push rod. The drive unit connected to air pipe reciprocates the push rod within the supplied air and removes the jamming in the air pipe.    USE - Jamming removal apparatus for fermenter air pipes of composite apparatus used in the sewage sludge processing.    ADVANTAGE - The jamming inside the supplied air pipe is removed easily by supplying air in the gap between the air pipe and push rod. The air supply to the fermenter is stabilized, as the jamming is removed. Time and effort for removing the jamming are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the jamming removal apparatus.    Fermenter (1)    Air pipe (2)    Push rod (21)    Drive unit (22)    Gap (23)    Pump (32)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is supplied through the open, wide upper end of a rectangular accommodation tank. The tank has thermal protective side walls, a vertical screw stirrer and an air supply unit. A deodorizer is provided to deodorize the exhaust gas from the tank. The sublayer and upper layer of the organic waste are stirred and mixed with air to form compost.    USE - To manufacture compost by fermentation of organic waste like livestock excrement and food residue.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is compact and production of compost is efficiently performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a stirring apparatus.    Side walls (4,5)    Trucks (10,20)    Drive mechanisms (30,40)
NOVELTY - Ground material of decomposition microbial bed containing decomposition microbe which comprises humus soil and/or leaf mold, is added to organic waste such as organic refuse. The obtained mixture is decomposed in an aerobic atmosphere.    USE - For processing organic waste such as food residue, organic refuse from restaurants or super market.    ADVANTAGE - The processing of organic waste is inexpensive, since the method does not requires injection of a special bacteria for decomposition of organic waste. The organic refuse is decomposed completely without leaving any residue. The moisture content of the organic waste is absorbed by the water absorbent decomposed microbial bed, so that aggregation of organic refuse particle is prevented and permeability between organic refuse particles is performed. The method is easy to accept even for a common farm house and reduces the number of labors by using the processing apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing apparatus of organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of fermentation processing apparatus of organic waste.    Fermentation tank (1)    Raw material injection hopper (2)    Residue emission duct (3)    Housing (4)    Opening for raw material injection (5a)    Opening for fermentation residue emission (6a)    Inlet port (7)    Exhaust port (8)    Jet pipe (9)    Ventilating fan (10)    Deodorant (11)    Rotation axis (15)    Stirring blade (16)
NOVELTY - Air is supplied to fermentation device (1) by a ventilating fan (21). The ventilating direction of fan is reversed periodically, to eject air from fermentation device.    USE - For organic refuse processor.    ADVANTAGE - Clogging of exhaust filter is prevented because dust adhering to exhaust filter is removed periodically by fan. Exhaust efficiency is increased. Elimination of moisture content increases. Maintenance is decreased because space is lengthened. Moreover cleaning, exchange of the exhaust filter is made easy. Dust floating inside the air removed once, does not adhere to exhaust filter again.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of exhaust gas device of organic refuse processor.    Fermentation device (1)    Ventilating fan (21)
NOVELTY - Cellulomonas sp. K32A (FERM BP-6766), is new.    USE - Cellulomonas sp. is useful for the decomposition of vegetable fiber such as cellulose, hemicellulose and xylose, including wastes of agricultural crops.    ADVANTAGE - Effective decomposition of vegetable fibers including wastes of agricultural crops.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A Cellulomonas sp. K32A has following microbiological properties:    (1) Gram positive;    (2) polymorphic rod with 0.3-0.5 x 2-3 mum size in early stage of culture and forms branches and spherical forms during long term culture;    (3) negative endospore;    (4) positive motility;    (5) polar flagella;    (6) grows in common agar medium forming yellow pigment, thick colonies in peptone, tryptone, yeast extract and glucose agar medium;    (7) optimal growth temperature of 35-40degreesC, (8) optimal growth pH of 6.8-7.2;    (8) does not grow in common agar medium at 65degreesC for 24 hrs; and    (9) assimilation of 44 substrates, no assimilation of 51 substrates and others.
NOVELTY - A frame for an organic refuse compost structure comprises a cylindrical paper board (1) with several holes (3) on its periphery installed in a hole dug on soil (4), where fermentation soil (6) for fermenting the organic refuse (5), is provided inside the paper board, and the volume of the paper board is sufficiently maintained.    USE - The frame is used for an organic refuse compost structure in a domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Since the volume of the cylindrical board is sufficiently maintained, the organic refuse and fermentation soil can be maintained for making organic refuse compost stably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view showing working condition of frame.    Cylindrical paper board (1)    Soil (4)    Organic refuse (5)    Fermentation soil (6)
NOVELTY - Pig feces are kept alternately and repeatedly under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Then one or more microorganism of photosynthetic bacteria, yeast and/or filamentous fungi are added and fermented under aerobic condition to manufacture pig feces fertilizer.    USE - As fertilizer for use in protected horticulture and gardening.    ADVANTAGE - The deodorized pig feces fertilizers can be produced in short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for deodorized pig feces fertilizer.
NOVELTY - The processing apparatus (10) has a fermentation chamber (14) in which organic refuse is processed by fermentation using microorganism. The organic refuse is stirred by the rotary motion of stirrer (12), and rotary blade fixed to paddle (24) is turned in rotating direction of stirrer.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Rotating efficiency of stirrer is increased with reduced power consumption. Decomposing efficiency of the organic refuse can be increased. Stress to support board and stirrer, imposed by organic refuse can be decreased during stirring. The organic refuse is decomposed by the stirrer and microorganisms can be made to adhere to the decomposed refuse, thereby increasing the refuse decomposing efficiency. The moisturized air produced on decomposition of organic refuse is separated into moisture content and air, and the wet air is purified effectively, thereby preventing release of bad smell into atmosphere. Processing time of organic refuse can be shortened. Temperature of fermentation chamber can be detected correctly and temperature is controlled to preset value, by the thermosensor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) the organic refuse processing method; and    (2) the stirrer    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of organic refuse processing apparatus and stirrer.    Organic refuse processing apparatus (10)    Stirrer (12)    Fermentation chamber (14)    Paddle (24)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse (V) is treated in oxidation processor (Y) to which ozone is supplied for oxidation of organic gas component. After oxidation, gas is passed to adsorption remover (Z) which removes unprocessed gas (Gb). The above units are coupled by pipelines (6A-6C) to form closed circulatory system (Q). Blower (5) with suction hole (12) is provided between the oxidizer and adsorber.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - By providing the blower between the oxidizing unit and adsorber, a deodorizing effect is obtained and by the recirculation system, environmental pollution by leakage to the environment of odor component is prevented. Also the organic decomposition process is always carried out under an aerobic environment by oxygen supplemented by the blower.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Mixed gas (Ga) from organic decomposer (X) after decomposition of organic refuse (V) is treated in oxidation processor (Y) to which ozone is supplied for oxidation of organic gas component. After oxidation, gas is passed to adsorption remover (Z) which removes unprocessed gas (Gb). The above units are coupled by pipelines (6A-6C) to form closed circulatory system (Q). Blower (5) with suction hole (12) is provided between the oxidizer and adsorber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows system block diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Blower (5)    Interconnecting pipelines (6A-6C)    Suction hole (12)    Mixed gas (Ga)    Unprocessed gas (Gb)    Closed circulatory system (Q)    Organic refuse (V)    Organic decomposer (X)    Oxidizing processor (Y)    Adsorber (Z)
NOVELTY - Water containing organic wastes, is supplied to cylindrical heater (2) from supply apparatus (10), through supply port (6). The supplied organic wastes are dried in the upper portion of the heater and carbonized in the lower portion. The carbides are passed to discharging apparatus (11) through discharge port (7) provided to outlet of heater, from which they are sent to retention tank.    USE - For thermal treatment of organic wastes contained in industrial wastes such as cutting grass of golf course, droppings of hen, poultry farming, threshed chaff, wastage of coffee and black tea plants and vegetable wastage.    ADVANTAGE - Carbonization process can be performed efficiently and hygienically, without injuring waste materials such as organic material collected from works, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the organic waste processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of organic waste processing apparatus.    Cylindrical heater (2)    Supply port (6)    Discharge port (7)    Supply apparatus (10)    Discharging apparatus (11)
NOVELTY - Organic waste supplied to heating cylinder (2) through supply apparatus (7) is dried and carbonized in the cylinder by stirring it using spiral screw conveyors (3). The processed organic waste is discharged to retention tank (9) through discharge apparatus (8). Vaporization gas generated in cylinder is passed through jet pipe (6) and mixed with combustion air and burnt in hot blast generator (5).    USE - For treating organic waste such as industrial waste, organic material generated due to cutting of grass in golf courses various garbage, threshold chaff, wastage from coffee manufacturing plant, back tea, vegetable waste, other wastes from kitchen of restaurants, homes, poultry forming fields.    ADVANTAGE - If hard foreign materials such as sand mixed with organic waste is supplied to heating cylinder, the stirring is stopped and the foreign material is separated smoothly, hence damage to screw and cylinder inner surface is avoided. The drying and carbonization of waste material are controlled by adjusting the feeding speed of spiral screw conveyor and it can set to function as independent drying and carbonization apparatus. Since the gas generated in the heating cylinder is perfectly combusted, safety is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste drying and carbonizing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section of organic waste processing apparatus.    Heating cylinder (2)    Spiral screw conveyor (3)    Hot blast generator (5)    Supply apparatus (7)    Discharge apparatus (8)    Retention tank (9)
NOVELTY - Resin composition for expanded moldings comprises polyolefin type resin, moisture-absorbing material, glycerol derivatives and inorganic fillers as the main components.    USE - The resin composition is suitable as carrier for fixing microorganisms for a fluid bed or carrier for joint purifying facilities.    ADVANTAGE - The resin composition is low-priced, has good durability, is easily treated for discharging and has good hydrophilic properties and good flowability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) expanded moldings which are prepared by foaming the resin composition; and    (2) preparation of the foam which comprises adding an expanding agent to the resin composition and foaming.
NOVELTY - Two stannous oxide (SnO2) film (6,8) with mutually different composition are laminated sequentially on an insulated substrate (4) to obtain metallic semiconductor oxide so that the outer film (8) consists of palladium with a weight percent of 0.05-1.0, platinum with 0.5-5 wt.% and SnO2 while the inner film (6) consists of platinum in the range of 0.5-5% and SnO2.    USE - In gas sensor for CO and combustible gases.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates influence of temperature and humidity in the detection of CO.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The presence of CO and combustible gas are detected from the variation in the resistance value of metallic semiconductor oxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure indicates sectional view of gas sensor.    Insulated substrate (4)    Inner film (6)    Outer film (8)
NOVELTY - A catalyst layer (5) with a platinum content of more than 1.3 wt.% is formed over a semiconductor oxide layer (4) provided on a substrate (3) so that the semiconductor oxide layer is covered with the catalyst layer. The semiconductor oxide layer has crystals arranged in vertical direction to form a prismatic structure.    USE - In gas sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to detect methane accurately by eliminating influence of other combustible components in detection efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of gas sensor.    Substrate (3)    Semiconductor oxide layer (4)    Catalyst layer (5)
NOVELTY - The concentration of platinum in catalyst layer (5) is varied relative to distance of catalyst sublayer from surface of semiconductor oxide layer (4) so that amount of platinum in lower sublayer (5a) arranged within 2 micron from semiconductor layer is within 0-1 wt.% while amount of platinum in upper catalyst sublayer (5b) arranged above 2 micron from semiconductor layer is more than 1.5 wt.%.    USE - For gas sensors.    ADVANTAGE - Enables accurate detection of trace amounts of methane accurately by eliminating influence of other inflammable components in detection accuracy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalyst layer (5) covers semiconductor oxide layer (4).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the gas sensor.    Semiconductor oxide layer (4)    Catalyst layer (5)    Lower sublayer (5a)    Upper sublayer (5b)
NOVELTY - Sheet is prepared by extrusion-molding olefin type plastic composition, added with a powder of vegetable material, having particle diameter of 10-100 micron. The sheet is formed with has an expansion factor of 20-50 times.    USE - The sheet and container is useful for treating waste edible oil and fat in the waste water in grease trap or waste water-treating tank.    ADVANTAGE - The lipophilic and porous expanding sheet and/or unwoven sheet adsorbs waste edible oil and fats and provides an aerobic environment and a growing base for the microorganism which acts to treat the waste oil and fats.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (i) a waste edible oil and fat-adsorbing and expanding sheet which is prepared by extrusion-molding biodegradable plastic or hydrolyzing plastic into sheet form with an expansion factor of 20-50 times;    (ii) a waste edible oil and fat-adsorbing unwoven sheet which is an unwoven fabric prepared by processing plastic fibre having lipophilic surface;    (iii) a spawn unit for treating waste water which is prepared by containing spawn, made of the spore and/or cystoid spore of aerobic microorganisms which acts for biological treating to the stained substance in the waste water discharged from food factory or institutional kitchen;    (iv) a spawn container for treating sewage which is sealed the spawn unit defined above; and    (v) biological treating of waste water discharged from food factory and institutional kitchen.
NOVELTY - Production of fertilizer from organic residues (OR) comprises individually pretreating OR of different origin, analyzing the different OR for dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate, potash and/or magnesium, individually storing different OR, mixing OR in a ratio based on the analysis results and homogenizing, composting and pasteurizing the mixture.    USE - The process is useful for producing fertilizer from garden and kitchen waste or compost, products obtained from reprocessed animal waste, animal manure, green waste from parks, and waste from mushroom culture, greenhouse culture, arable farming and the plant processing industry.    ADVANTAGE - The proportions of nutrients in the fertilizer can be adapted to the user's requirements.
NOVELTY - Periodic reactivation of catalyst material (I) containing copper, comprises treating with a gas stream (II) containing oxygen. Treatment is carried out intermittently at the reactor operating temperature (Tr), with intervening cooling phases, and stopped at the latest when the monitored temperature of (I) exceeds a maximum at a predeterminable tolerance value above Tr.    USE - Catalyst (I) is useful e.g. in reactors for producing hydrogen in fuel cell vehicles by partial oxidation of methanol etc. and/or steam reforming.    ADVANTAGE - The process allows relatively simple and effective reactivation of (I) during normal operation, making it especially suitable for mobile use, e.g. in fuel cell vehicles, without significantly impairing the drive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In periodic reactivation of catalyst material (I) containing copper, which is used in catalytic oxidation and/or reforming of a hydrocarbon (derivative) charge and gradually deactivated by reaction, treatment with a gas stream (II) containing oxygen is carried out intermittently at the reactor operating temperature, at intervals separated by cooling phases, and stopped at the latest when the monitored temperature of (I) exceeds a maximum value at a predeterminable tolerance value above the operating temperature.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for periodic reactivation of (I), especially in this way, in which : (a) ; (b)
NOVELTY - High pressure water jets (1), preferably with rotary nozzles, are arranged on tie bars (4). These reach over the vessel (2) or are fastened to cantilevers. The vessel is filled with slurry and co-fermented materials. This arrangement directs the water jets (5) horizontally, and preferably tangentially with respect to the circular vessel.    USE - The equipment is used to add water to, to stir, and to break up matter, especially slurry, but also other organic materials, for a digestion process producing biogas.    ADVANTAGE - The fermenter deals with farm and agricultural wastes, including e.g. grass as well as slurry, which may have lower water content, yet provide nutrients for the bacteria. For good gas yield, breakdown to finer particle size is required, achieved by the high pressure water jets. Floating and sinking layers are broken up, i.e. undesirable stratification is prevented. The jets help drive gas out of the mixture. Nutrients are circulated to the bacteria.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A cross section of the vessel is presented.    high pressure water jets (1)    vessel (2)    bridge (3)    tie bars (4)    water jets (5)
NOVELTY - Process for the recovery of a gaseous energy carrier (15) comprises crushing plant raw material (3) in a crushing unit (2), especially a mill; placing the raw material into a digestion container (12) and collecting the energy carrier produced by digesting the raw material.    USE - For the recovery of methane from secondary growth plant raw material.    ADVANTAGE - The carrier yield is high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for the recovery of a gaseous energy carrier comprising a crushing unit (2) for crushing plant raw material; a digestion container (12) filled with a mixture; and a collection vessel (16) for collecting the energy carrier produced by digesting the raw material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the apparatus.    crushing unit (2)    plant raw material (3)    digestion container (12)    collection vessel (16)    heater (22)
NOVELTY - The ferment is prepared with light rare earth compound, composite enzyme, Chinese medicinal stone, yeast, calcium carbonate, phytase supplementary material, etc. and through crushing, mixing and packing.    USE - The present invention relates to the preparation of stalk fertilizer. The stalk fertilizer thus produced is useful as farm manure. Its application can reduce the amount of applied chemical fertilizer and is favorable to the development of pollution-free agriculture.
NOVELTY - Superfine Al2O3 powder, SiO2 power and palladium catalyst in a certain proportion are added to tin tetrachloride solution in certain pH range, and through hydrothermal chemical reaction at over 100 deg.C and activation treatment, is obtained the composite tin dioxide-base nanometer crystal powder of the present invention. This kind of powder is pre-sintered at 300-500 deg.C and made into paste, and the paste is applied onto some carrier and 500-700 deg.C heat treated to make gas-sensitive sensor with high sensitivity to and selectivity for methane gas.
NOVELTY - Production of a gaseous fuel from a waste material and/or a premium fuel involves introducing the feed to a processing chamber with outwardly radiating inclined vanes at its base. An upward flow of heated fluid is generated through the vanes to circulate the feed about a chamber axis in a compact turbulent band and is gasified and/or pyrolyzed to produce a gaseous fuel stream, some of which is returned to the chamber through a point adjacent to the vanes.    USE - For treatment of a waste mater, such as domestic and factory waste, agricultural waste and sewage sludge, and/or premium fuels, such as petrochemical derivatives, plastics and refinery residues, to provide a gaseous fuel.    ADVANTAGE - By combining a waste with a premium fuel, large fluctuations in the physical and chemical composition of the produced fuel are avoided. This in turn simplifies and makes more economic the process of using such fuels. Tar is removed, which avoids problems downstream, by recycling of gases to contain the tar within the system. This recycling also allows a wider range of feeds to be processed. Use of multiple stages allows each process event to be optimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing schematically shows a single stage multiple gas pass system.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen manufacture comprises gasification which gasifies a first combustible, and gas treatment which produces hydrogen by refining the raw gas produced by the gasification. A reforming process is provided by mixing a second combustible in the raw gas produced by the gasification and reforming the second combustible. The obtained reformed gas is introduced to the gas treatment process.    USE - Used to produce hydrogen for use in electric power generation using a fuel cell. Wastes such as rubber, solid fuel, slurry fuel, paper, waste plastics, waste FRP, biomass waste, vehicle waste, waste wood, low quality petroleum etc. can be used.    ADVANTAGE - Chemical energy can be converted to electrical energy with high efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a fuel cell electricity generating method by gasifying combustibles by supplying the manufactured hydrogen gas to a fuel cell electricity generating process;    (2) a hydrogen manufacture device comprising a gasification furnace, a gas treatment device and a reforming device; and    (3) a fuel cell electricity generating system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen production method and the fuel cell electricity generation method (drawing contains non-English language text).    Gasification Step (A)    Modification Step (B)    Gas Treatment Step (C)    Fuel Cell Power Generation Step (D)    First Combustible (a)    Gasifying Agent (b)    Formed Gas (c)    Noncombustible (d)    Second Combustible (e)    Modified Gas (f)    Pure Hydrogen (g)    Hydrogen-Containing Gas (h)
NOVELTY - Refrigerant composition comprises R600 (n-butane; CH3CH2CH2CH3), R125 (pentafluoroethane; CHF2CF3), R23 (trifluoromethane; CHF3) and R14 (tetrafluoromethane; CF4).    USE - The composition is suitable for use in very low temperature refrigeration circuits.    ADVANTAGE - The composition does not cause ozonosphere depletion and enables the performance to be maintained without the need of modifying the circuit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a refrigeration circuit which is a very low temperature system composed by a heat exchanger and an air-liquid separator provided in many stages with a condenser, vaporizer and a compressor, using the non-azeotropic mixed refrigeration composition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the refrigeration circuit.    Compressor (1)    Piping (2)    Condenser (3)    Oil Cooler (4)    Air-Liquid Separator (5)    Piping (6)    Capillary Tube (7)    Heat Exchanger (8)    Piping (9)    Air-Liquid Separator (10)    Piping (11)    Capillary Tube (12)    Heat Exchanger (13)    Piping (14)    Heat Exchanger (15)    Capillary Tube (16)    Vaporizer (17)    Piping (18)    Piping (19)    Frame Pipe (20)
NOVELTY - A flux measuring apparatus comprises an entrance through which gaseous atmosphere can enter the apparatus, component sensor having gas sensor(s) sensitive to the component, and detector for measuring the response of the component sensor and for calculating the flux component. The component sensor is disposed within the apparatus to expose the sensor to the gaseous atmosphere.    USE - For measuring flux of gaseous atmosphere component, i.e. ammonia.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus provides a simple and convenient system capable of providing selective and quantitative detection of ammonia. No large number of gas sensor in each unit is provided in the apparatus. The apparatus provides quantitative concentration and flux data even if ammonia is present as a component of a complex mixture of gases and even if there are common interferants, e.g. water and carbon dioxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram of the apparatus.    Gas manifold (50)    Conducting pathways (51, 52)    Component sensor (53)    Second sensor (54)    Oxalic acid (55)    Selection pathway (56)
NOVELTY - A pair of cathode and coolant flow field plates have corresponding flow paths with similar regions. The flow path regions of cathode and coolant flow field plates intersect solid electrolyte active area at a region closer to corresponding inlets of cathode and coolant flow field plates along respective flow paths.    USE - Enthalpy recovery fuel cell system for converting chemical energy to electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - By suitably arranging fluid flow paths of coolant and cathode flow field plates, water vapor leaving the fuel cell in the cathode gas output stream is transferred to cathode gas input stream via an enthalpy wheel. The dew point of input stream of cathode gas is same as the temperature of leading edge of solid electrolyte active area such as proton exchange membrane and the temperature difference across the fuel cell is same as that of dew points of cathode gas entering and leaving the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solid electrolyte having active area is arranged between cathode and anode flow field plates. An enthalpy wheel (300) is in communication with the outlet and inlet of cathode flow field plate. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a fuel cell system.    Enthalpy wheel (300)
NOVELTY - The system (10) includes a power plant exhaust path defined from the cathode output port (22) of the fuel cell to the power plant exhaust conduit through the humidity exchange device (30). A water recovery condenser (32) is disposed along the water plant exhaust path between the junction and the power plant exhaust conduit.    USE - In fuel cell, e.g. proton exchange membrane (PEM) or phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) types, power plants.    ADVANTAGE - Enables exchanging water between power plant exhaust and inlet air streams to maintain high levels of air humidification required for fuel cell cathode for peak operating efficiency and also enhances operation of water recovery condenser to increase water recovery and maintain water self-sufficiency in arid operating environments.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system includes humidity exchange device defining a supply gas input port (33), a supply gas output port, process exhaust gas output port. The supply gas input port is coupled to source of oxidant gas (56), output port to cathode input port of fuel cell and combustion. The process exhaust gas input port communicates with the junction and exhaust gas output port communicates with power plant exhaust conduit. A water recovery fuel cell system includes a fuel cell forming a cathode flow field including a cathode input port, cathode output port and an anode flow field including an anode input port and an anode output port.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure schematically illustrates water recovery fuel cell system.    System (10)    Cathode output port (22)    Humidity exchange device (30)    Water recovery condenser (32)    Supply gas input port (33)    Oxidant gas (56)
NOVELTY - Invention is meant to be used on battery farms to utilize dung for production of methane, heavy water, protein-vitamin additive, and biological fertilizers. Disintegrator has casing with inlet and outlet connection pipes, coaxial rotor with closed holes interacting over annular channel with casing holes, which belong to perforated ring forming hollow space with casing separated from outlet connection pipe. Inlet connection pipe communicates with annular, concentrically disposed cavities connected to annular channel by means of radial through openings. Outlet parts of through openings are located between closed holes on cylindrical surface of rotor. Hollow space between perforated ring and casing communicates with subsequent steps of dynamic disintegrators and inlet box of electrolysis installation incorporating alkali and acid solution sections. Inlet connection pipe of the first step of dynamic disintegrators is joined to chlorella generator, whose upper section communicates through mash pipeline and lower section through biogas pipeline with bioreactor incorporating acid, neutral, alkali, and methane fermentation sections, all provided with disperser. Methane fermentation section is connected through sludge pipeline with belt press-filter. Lower section of chlorella generator is connected to centrifugal microfilter, which communicates through mash pipeline with inlet connection pipe of the first step of dynamic disintegrators.    USE - Poultry farming.    ADVANTAGE - Increased degree of disintegration of chlorella and effect on heavy and light water. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Disintegrator has housing with inlet and outlet branch pipes, rotor axially aligned within housing and provided with blind openings which are communicated via circular channel to housing openings that are arranged in concentric rings disposed between housing and rotor. Projections formed between rows of openings are oriented towards circular channel of ring of smaller diameter and towards housing in the vicinity of ring of larger diameter, which defines with housing a closed cavity spaced apart from inlet and outlet branch pipes. Closed cavity is communicated with static disintegrator having steam section, which is connected to jet pump vacuumizer communicated to outlet branch pipe of dynamic disintegrator, and water section connected to centrifugal microfilter which is communicated with belt-type press filter for biomass. Microfilter and press filter are in fluid communication with collector and further with successive stages of dynamic and static disintegrators, with the latter being connected to feeding chamber of dialysis plant. Inlet branch pipe of first-stage dynamic disintegrator is connected to biofilter which is joined to bioreactor whose chambers are communicated with dispersers, methane tank is connected to methane collector and is further connected through belt-type press filter to biofertilizer collector. Acid fermentation chamber is connected to liquid bird dung collector. Disintegrator of such construction is used for recovery of bird dung and meat processing wastes to produce methane, deuterium, oxygen, protein-vitamin additives and biofertilizers, and is recommended for employment in Northern regions.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency by maximum recovery of wastes. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Apparatus has agricultural waste collector connected to methane tank including acid fermentation chamber, acid fermentation regression chamber, neutral fermentation chamber and methane fermentation chamber. Methane fermentation chamber is connected to fermenter which is divided into sections by perforated transverse walls. Sections are communicated via overflow pipes. Hollow glass balls are fixed to perforated walls. Lower section of fermenter is connected to centrifugal microfilter which is connected to dynamic disintegrator and to protein-vitamin drier through belt-type press filter. Upper section of fermenter is connected to gas holder for collecting methane and to gas turbine of drive of electric generator providing power generation. Acid fermentation chamber is communicated with alcohol fermentation chamber and with rectifying column through centrifugal microfilter. Acid fermentation regression chamber of methane tank is communicated with acid fermentation chamber and through centrifugal microfilter with rectifying column and organic acid collector.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency by complete recovery of products formed in the process of decomposing of agricultural wastes. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - An organic refuse and suitable flooring are mixed and loaded on a flat pallet (15). The flat pallet is stored in three dimension on the shelf (3A,3B) of warehouse (1), in the state where the loaded mixture on each flat pallet is in contact with the air above mixture in the warehouse. After predetermined interval, fermentation decomposition of loaded mixture is carried out.    USE - For processing of organic refuse such as cooked and uncooked floor residues.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation process is carried out under normal atmosphere. Passage of air to the mixture is maintained favorably hence fermentation decomposition is performed efficiently. By using frame, loading of mixture to predefined area inside the flat pallet reliably and easily is made possible. The combined operation of removal of frame from the flat pallet and conveyance of flat pallet enables simplification and control of installation. The spilling of mixture from the flat pallet is prevented by the surrounding wall hence, favorable environment is maintained inside the warehouse. By recycling flooring, volume reduction of organic refuse is enable and the organic refuse is treated efficiently by the used flooring containing microbes in larger amount. By conveying multiple flat pallets, the supply and delivery operation are simplified. By drying the fermented mixture, the excess amount of moisture from flooring for reuse is removed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic top view of installation for processing organic refuse.    Warehouse (1)    Shelf (3A,3B)    Flat pallet (15)
NOVELTY - Fermentation processing apparatus has rotating drum (1) in which received material (M) is stirred and heated by internal heater (2) with a deodorizing unit, is new.    USE - For fermenting organic refuse with bacteria to obtain fertilizer or feed.    ADVANTAGE - Decomposition of refuse by bacteria is performed efficiently and recycling of heat is enabled. Oxygen deficiency during air supply is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus has rotating drum (1) in which received material (M) is stirred and heated by internal heater (2). Air supply line (23) connects air supply source (21) and heat exchanger (22) to drum. Deodorizing unit (28) is connected to edge of exhaust line (27) which has a dehydrator (24), a cleaner (25) and exhaust gas source (26). Line (23) is connected to line (27) between source (26) and unit (28).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of fermentation processing apparatus.    Rotating drum (1)    Internal heater (2)    Air supply source (21)    Heat exchanger (22)    Air supply line (23)    Dehydrator (24)    Cleaner (25)    Exhaust gas source (26)    Exhaust line (27)    Deodorizing unit (28)    Material (M)
NOVELTY - A fermentation processing apparatus comprises a heat detector (2) attached to a rotating drum (1) periphery equipped with a panel heater (21) which is connected with a control panel (23) by a slip ring (22) present at the drum bottom. A material (M) provided to the drum for processing is rotated, and heated from the periphery, with the control panel controlling temperature rise in the heater.    USE - For fermenting organic refuse obtained from domestic places and farmhouse, and producing fertilizer and feed.    ADVANTAGE - As the rotating drum is heated from periphery, and heat is controlled and detected externally, the refuse-fermenting bacteria inside the drum is maintained in active state. The apparatus with rotating drum has improved stirring effect, and efficient and economical degradation of refuse by bacteria within a short period of time. The fermented product is clean, as panel heater, using heat medium oil for heating does not affect the product by oil leakage or stain.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline drawing of the fermentation processing apparatus.    Rotating drum (1)    Heat detector (2)    Panel heater (21)    Slip ring (22)    Control panel (23)    Refuse material (M)
NOVELTY - An aggregated material for processing waste pulps from paper manufacture comprises an unicellular algae having a polysaccharide casing which crosslinks with waste pulp, by chemical modification, forming an alga body-waste pulp aggregate material.    USE - The material is useful for processing waste water containing pulp from paper manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - The polysaccharide casing of algae body is used as coagulant, hence eliminating usage of chemical coagulant, and is inexpensive. The purified water used for isolation can be effectively reused for paper manufacture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing of waste water from paper manufacture, which involves crosslinking or adsorbing waste pulp floating on waste water with polysaccharide casing part of unicellular algae to form an aggregate. Subsequently the adsorbed pulp aggregate contained in liquid is isolated by purified water, and an alga body-water pulp aggregate material is formed.
NOVELTY - Apparatus for processing organic waste comprising a treatment tank with a bottom portion in which a perforated panel is fixed, a stationary plate fixed to the board which opens or closes the hole to the bottom, where the stationary plate and perforated board are attached to the receptacle which receives the nondecomposed sludge, is new.    USE - The apparatus is used for processing organic waste (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The processing of organic waste refuse is economical and enviro-friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus for processing organic waste comprises a treatment tank with a bottom portion in which a perforated panel is fixed, a stationary plate fixed to the board which opens or closes the hole to the bottom by sliding, where the stationary plate and perforated board are attached to the receptacle which receives the nondecomposed sludge and ejects through the hole and a cylindrical or granular resin material is added to the tank to decompose organic waste. The waste material is stirred by a stirrer rotated by a drive unit containing a central axis.
NOVELTY - The flow path grooves (44a-44f,46a-46c) for delivering the fluid containing oxidizing agent are connected to respective oxidizing gas inlet and outlet (36a,36b) on the surface (14a) of a separator (14) for every cell. Multiple connection lines (52a-52e,54a,54b) are provided at the folded ends (48,50) of respective flow path grooves.    USE - For fuel cell stack containing solid polymeric type fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Connection line is drawn between flow path grooves, reduction in partial gas flow rate is realized and water is removed. Hence desired electricity generation is maintained with simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Multiple cells are laminated. Each cell contains anode and cathode lateral electrodes. A separator separates the electrodes. An electrolyte surrounds the electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the transverse plane view of single separator in fuel cell stack.    Separator (14)    Surface (14a)    Inlet and outlet (36a,36b)    Flow path grooves (44a-44f,46a-46c)    Folded ends (48,50)    Multiple connection lines (52a-52e,54a,54b)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse is mixed with used paper having water absorbing capacity and the mixture is dried, biologically treated and saline matter and oil components reduced and the product used as fertilizer.    USE - For use as fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The method easily reduces saline matter which was difficult in conventional methods. The method also enables recycle of waste organic refuse from households into useful fertilizers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing apparatus consisting of mixing vessel (10) enclosed within a case (1) in a slanting position, receiving box and control panel. The mixing vessel, is provided with emission hole (10d) on outer surface, drain pipe (23) connected to bottom board (10b), stirring unit (13) comprising stirring axis (14) interposed between disconnecting tools (15), and warm air fan heater (22) for heating. The receiving box (24) for receiving and ejecting organic refuse into and out from case, is provided below mixing vessel. The control panel (25) controls agitating speed and heating temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Case (1)    Mixing vessel (10)    Bottom board(10d) Emission hole (10b)    Stirring unit (13)    Stirring axis (14)    Disconnecting tool (15)    Warm air fan heater (22)    Drain pipe (23)    Receiving box (24)    Control panel (25)
NOVELTY - Clogging prevention apparatus has brushes arranged symmetrically on the outer peripheral surface of dehydration cylinder (9). Water supply holes and drain holes are formed in the periphery of dehydration cylinder wall opposing rotational brush. The brush rotates and turns around the periphery of the cylinder to prevent clogging of water supply holes and drain hole.    USE - Used for demineralizing organic waste in compost processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Quality fertilizer, feed and compost can be obtained. The apparatus is simple and attached easily to compost processing apparatus. The water supply and the rate of drain are maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the drawing of compost processing apparatus.    Dehydration cylinder (9)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is processed by hydrolyzing, heating, drying and grinding. The processed waste is powdered and made into granules to prevent propagation of microorganisms.    USE - Used for processing organic waste obtained from food processing sector, foodstuff manufacture and school, utilized as multipurpose fertilizer and as feed for livestock.    ADVANTAGE - The method is ecofriendly and effectively recycles organic waste.
NOVELTY - A modifier (3) generates hydrogen from alcohol and gasoline as raw material and supplies hydrogen to fuel cell (2) and a hydrogen reservoir (15). The hydrogen reservoir has two storage portions (151,152) installed with different hydrogen occlusion materials. When rate of hydrogen demand of the fuel cell exceeds rate of production of the modifier, the difference is supplied to the hydrogen reservoir.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents wastage of hydrogen, since excess hydrogen produced is stored in the hydrogen reservoir. Maintains purity of hydrogen since gases other than hydrogen are not stored. Reduces cost by eliminating need for separate combustion device for release of hydrogen by utilizing services of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The storage portion (151) has higher hydrogen occlusion rate and lower hydrogen release rate compared to the storage portion (152). When rate of hydrogen produced by the modifier exceeds demand of the fuel cell, the excess hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen reservoir. The storage portion (151) has two tanks (T1,T2) installed with the hydrogen occlusion material. The tanks supply excess demand of the fuel cell directly or through the storage portion (152) installed with its occlusion material. The occlusion materials release hydrogen by heating which is performed by the fuel cell which burns portion of hydrogen for heat release of hydrogen. The tank (T3) supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell during start of the fuel cell or when its demand of hydrogen becomes very high.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of hydrogen supply system.    Fuel cell (2)    Modifier (3)    Hydrogen reservoir (15)    Storage portions (151,152)    Tanks (T1-T3)
NOVELTY - Device for disposing of biological waste has a feeder (3) which comprising a grinder (4) and an intermediate tank (8) positioned between this and a separator (11) is new.    USE - For treating restaurant, hospital and canteen waste.    ADVANTAGE - Separation of liquids from solids is improved, allowing the liquids to be treated by normal waste water processing plant and the solids to be composted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separator (11) separates solid material (12) from liquid (13).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the device.    Feeder (3)    Grinders (4, 7)    Intermediate tank (8)    Separator (11)    Solids (12)    Liquids (13)    Pump (17)    Content level sensors (19, 22)    Central control unit (20)    Sump (23)
NOVELTY - Filling device for use with compost, humus, mulch or soil, comprising a hopper (8) with flexible side walls (16, 18) which can be held under tension and the bottom of the hopper is closed by sliding panels is new.    USE - Filling device for use with compost, humus, mulch or soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for filling a container with compost, humus, mulch or soil using the above device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the device.    Hopper (8)    Upper frame (14)    Flexible side walls (16, 18)    Hydraulically or electrically driven cylinders (21, 22)
NOVELTY - Organic composition comprises bio-degradable organic materials associated with anaerobic bacteria. The organic materials are clay, sugar cane husks, rice husks, organic waste from refuse processing plants, horse, cattle and/or poultry manure, rice or soya meal, bone, oyster or fish meal, or sawdust.    USE - As an organic composition.    ADVANTAGE - The constituents of the composition come from a variety of biodegradable sources of waste material.
NOVELTY - Operating (O) a bioleach process for leaching a sulfide bearing ore or concentrate, involves subjecting a bioleach slurry which includes dissolved oxygen, dissolved carbon dioxide, sulfide and microorganisms to a bioleach stage, and controlling the redox potential of the bioleach slurry within a predetermined range.    USE - The method is useful for leaching sulfide bearing ore or concentrate (claimed).
NOVELTY - An autothermal reformer comprises a closed vessel (100) with insulation layer(s) (108) adjacent its interior surface; a fuel manifold (142) with mixer tubes (148); and an oxidant manifold (150) with injection tubes (146). An outlet end of an injection tube extends into an inlet end of a mixer tube, forming a gap between the outer wall of the injection tube and the inner wall of the mixer tube.    USE - For converting a fuel, e.g. diesel (claimed), into a reformate stream.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive autothermal is rugged and compact, and is capable of reforming difficult fuels. It has the ability to operate vertically or horizontally.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating the above autothermal reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic illustration in cross-section of the inventive autothermal reformer.    Vessel (100)    Insulation layer (108)    Heat exchanger (120)    Fuel vaporizer (130)    Reactant mixer (140)    Fuel manifold (142)    Injection tubes (146)    Mixer tubes (148)    Oxidant manifold (150)    Reforming section (160)    Combustion and gasification catalyst bed (162)    Steam reforming catalyst bed (164)
NOVELTY - A refrigerant composition comprises a hydrofluorocarbon component including: (i) 99-83 wt.% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R 134a), (ii) 1-17 wt.% of pentafluoroethane (R 125) and (iii) saturated hydrocarbon(s) of boiling point -5 to +70 degreesC.    USE - The refrigerant is particularly useful for air conditioning systems e.g. as a replacement for CFC 12. It can be added to existing refrigerants which are compatible with lubricants commonly used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.    ADVANTAGE - The R 125 suppresses the flammability of the mixture. The higher HFC content enables more pentane to be added thereby reducing the solubility properties of the mixture with traditional lubricants (e.g. mineral and alkyl benzene oils). Compared to R 12, the composition exhibits lower intrinsic global warming potential and lower discharge temperature. Compared to pure R 134a, greater miscibility and higher capacity with hydrocarbon oils (and so better oil return) are observed.
NOVELTY - Treatment of cork (including cork-based materials) involves contacting with a pressurized dense fluid (I), optionally together with a cosolvent (II), at 10-120 (preferably 40-80) degreesC under a pressure of 10-600 (preferably 100-300) bars.    USE - The process, using a combination of (I) and (II), is specifically used (method claimed) for selectively removing organic contaminants, especially contaminants responsible for undesirable tastes and/or odors, particularly (poly)chlorophenols, other phenolic compounds, (poly)chloroanisoles and other anisole derivatives, most particularly pentachlorophenol, trichloroanisole and tetrachloroanisole. The cork is specifically used in the form of boards, plates or especially stoppers. The process is particularly used for treating stoppers for wine bottles to prevent adverse effects on the odor and/or taste (i.e. 'corking').    ADVANTAGE - Undesirable components are removed selectively without affecting the components providing the mechanical properties of the cork. The cork is cleaned and/or decontaminated with high efficiency. Microorganisms (e.g. bacteria or fungi) are at least partially eliminated, and any triazole fungicides or pyrethroid insecticides are also removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method for producing stoppers of cork, including a contacting stage as above;    (2) apparatus for producing pieces of cork, including apparatus for carrying out the above treatment; and    (3) a method for disinfecting cork by contacting with a pressurized dense fluid containing an added cosolvent.
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbons are catalytically cracked by passing part of a wet gas stream across a polymeric membrane which is selectively permeable to hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms over hydrogen.    USE - For catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The process provides better recovery of olefins, LPG, gasoline, and/or hydrogen as compared with known processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons involves:    (a) cracking a hydrocarbon feedstock to form a hydrocarbon product;    (b) fractionating the hydrocarbon product to form liquid stream(s) and an overhead vapor stream;    (c) cooling at least a part of the overhead vapor stream to form an overhead liquid stream and a wet gas stream;    (d) compressing at least a part of the wet gas stream;    (e) separating the compressed wet gas stream into a hydrocarbon liquid portion and a vapor portion;    (f) passing at least a part of the vapor portion through absorption step(s) to absorb hydrocarbons having at least three carbon atoms, thus forming a lighter vapor portion;    (g) passing at least a part of the lighter vapor portion as a feed gas across a feed side of a polymeric membrane which is selectively permeable to hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms over hydrogen;    (h) withdrawing from a permeate side of the polymeric membrane a permeate stream enriched in hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms compared with the feed gas; and    (i) withdrawing from the feed side a residue stream enriched in hydrogen compared with the feed gas.
NOVELTY - Method involves supplying liquefied organic wastes into outer chamber of methane tank and providing sequential anaerobic fermentation of organic wastes in outer and inner chambers; heating and mixing mass to be fermented; discharging fermented sediment from methane tank; withdrawing biogas from outer and inner chambers of methane tank and mixing biogas within injector with mass fermented in methane; prior to being introduced into injector, heating mass under fermentation process and feeding heated gas-and-liquid mixture into inner chamber of methane tank. Apparatus has methane tank, branch pipe for discharging biogas from outer chamber, injector connected to biogas discharge branch pipe, heat-exchanger, heater, and pump for intaking fermented mass from methane tank. Injector is communicated with biomass discharge branch pipe and is connected via heat-exchanger to fermented mass intaking pump. Heat-exchanger is engaged with heater. Branch pipe of mixing chamber of injector is connected to pressure pipe line for passage of heated gas-and-liquid mixture into methane tank. Method and apparatus may be used for production of high-quality disinfected organic fertilizers from different kinds of organic wastes.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency in anaerobic fermentation of organic wastes and improved quality and calorific value of produced biogas. 6 cl, 2 dwg
NOVELTY - A shock absorbing material (17) is inserted to separate a container accommodation hole (6) formed in subterranean base rock (2) from radioactive metal waste disposal container (14), and subsequently microorganism which consumes hydrogen (27) is added near disposable container to prevent pressure build-up in radioactive waste disposal field.    USE - The method is useful for preventing pressure build-up during disposal of radioactive waste generated by nuclear reactors and nuclear power plants.    ADVANTAGE - The method improves water-sealant performance and nuclide filling performance in radioactive waste disposal fields. Since hydrogen generated by corrosion of disposal container is consumed by microorganisms, crack of shock absorbing material by pressure build-up is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of disposal container.    Subterranean base rock (2)    Container accommodation hole (6)    Radioactive waste disposal container (14)    Shock absorbing material (17)    Microorganism which consumes hydrogen (27)
NOVELTY - Organic waste containing impurities is crushed to a preset magnitude in a crusher (2), and the crushed biodegradable fraction is biologically micronized in the biological micronization installation (3). The micronized biodegradable fraction and non-micronized impurities are classified in a solid-liquid separator (4).    USE - The organic waste classification method is useful for removing impurities such as vinyl mixed in organic waste e.g. garbage and dung from livestock.    ADVANTAGE - The method is inexpensive and effectively recovers organic substances, lowers metal impurity content and moisture content of organic waste, and makes waste easy to handle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of the organic waste classification method. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Crusher (2)    Biological micronization installation (3)    Solid-liquid separator (4)
NOVELTY - Microorganism culture chip (I) used as a carrier when treating organic refuse by microorganisms comprises a manufactured porous ceramic chip, is new.    USE - (I) is useful in the microbial treatment of organic refuse e.g. garbage disposal.    ADVANTAGE - (I) has long life-time, resulting in long intervals before replacement. (I) increases the contact area of organic refuse with the microorganisms. (I) efficiently perform microbial degradation of organic refuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing of organic refuse comprising contacting (I), a microorganism and organic refuse in a treatment tank, and stirring.
NOVELTY - A photosynthetic bacteria is made to act on an organic acid mixed component obtained by enzyme-anaerobic treatment of used paper sludge.    USE - For processing of paper waste material such as sludge waste liquid and used paper.    ADVANTAGE - The paper waste material is processed efficiently by simple and ecofriendly operation at low cost. Deodorizing of waste material is achieved by the action of the photosynthetic bacteria on the organic acid. The process is carried out using simple apparatus without special installation. The process can be carried out by single step using enzyme added microorganism formulation. As high concentrated organic acid mixture containing acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid is obtained, the cultivation of photosynthetic bacteria is enhanced; thus efficiency of the process is improved. As the photosynthetic bacteria culture solution contains bioactive substances such as vitamins and pigment, effective usage of solution as growth stimulant and soil conditioner for vegetable and fruit cultivation, is enabled.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical carbonization container (2) which is closed airtight by an opening closing lid (1) at the opening side pipe edge is made to rotate around an axis that crosses the cylindrical axis orthogonally. A heater (17) is provided to heat the carbonization container. A vacuum pump (11) is provided to reduce the pressure inside the carbonization container.    USE - For carrying out the carbonization volume reduction of waste material containing moisture content like organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The carbonization volume reduction of a water content waste material can be performed efficiently with a single carbonization container by carrying out a carbonization process using a heater to heat the waste material by raising the interior of the carbonization container to a high temperature and a vacuum pump for reducing the pressure inside the carbonization container while simultaneously rotating the carbonization container around an axis orthogonally crossing the cylindrical axis in an airtight closed state of the opening closing lid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional view of the structure of a carbonization equipment.    Lid (1)    Carbonization container (2)    Vacuum pump (11)    Heater (17)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell electricity generation system (1) has fuel cell (7) equipped with thermally stable polymer film containing phosphoric acid as proton conducting medium and a PTC heater (H) for rising temperature of the fuel cell before operating it. Raw material fuels to be modified such as gasoline and alcohol containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen are supplied to fuel cell and fuel cell is operated at 200 degrees C.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell generating system is capable of vehicle mounted use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell electricity generating system. (Drawing includes non-English text).    Fuel cell electricity generation system (1)    Fuel cell (7)    PTC element (H)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell electricity generation system has fuel cell (7) equipped with thermally stable polymer film (12) containing phosphoric acid as proton conducting medium. Raw material fuels to be modified such as alcohol and gasoline continuing hydrogen and carbon-monoxide are supplied and cell is operated at 200 degrees C.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell electricity generation system is capable of vehicle mounted use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel cell electricity generation system.    Fuel cell (7)    Thermally stable polymer film (12)
NOVELTY - Air is supplied from blower to nitrification tank via diffuser. During denitrification process, low volume of air is passed to membrane separation apparatus and water is stirred to perform denitrification. During nitrification process, high volume of air is passed.    USE - For water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Denitrification is performed efficiently by blowing required amount of air based on reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for membrane separation type purification tank.
NOVELTY - Filter medium cramp (5) is fitted in purification tank (11) and also in filter bed tank (1). Filter medium cramp has inspection port and lid (7) to facilitate checking of filling substance (4) inside the tank.    USE - For purification tank of sewage water carrying sediments, urine and waste water rejected from home.    ADVANTAGE - The filter medium cramp is utilized for filter bed tank or a purification tank. Also aerobic filter bed tank and anaerobic filter bed tank are able to use filter medium cramp. Maintenance is performed easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially broken perspective diagram of filter medium cramp.    Filling substance (4)    Filter medium cramp (5)    Lid (7)    Purification tank (11)
NOVELTY - Chain (3) is suspended between upper and lower sprockets (1,2). Multiple flights (4) are protruded perpendicularly to chain at preset intervals. A sliding guide plate (10) is arranged adjacent to sprocket. When the leading end (10a) of plate contacts the base end (4a) of the flight, the plate slides to the state where the flight leading end (4b) contacts the plate leading end.    USE - For compost fermenters.    ADVANTAGE - Since the flights in chain are guided smoothly during rotation with the guide plate, generation of noise is reduced. Also the nail is attached to the leading end of the flight to ensure compost currently solidified in bottom floor is also raked and stirring efficiency is high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Rear end of the guide plate fitted on support (11), is fitted to shock absorption plate (9) through spring (12). A narrow nail protrudes from upper end of flight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of agitator.    Sprockets (1,2)    Chain (3)    Flights (4)    Base end (4a)    Leading end (4b,10a)    Shock absorption plate (9)    Guide plate (10)    Support (11)    Spring (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises mixing tank (16) for mixing liquid fuel and water, from which mixed fuel is supplied to reformer (12). A liquid fuel supply apparatus (18) and water supply apparatus (20) supplies liquid fuel and water respectively to mixing tank. A heat exchanger (22) for adjusting temperature difference of water and liquid fuel is installed between liquid fuel and water supply apparatuses.    USE - As fuel cell system for generating hydrogen gas.    ADVANTAGE - By providing heat exchanger for adjusting temperature difference of liquid fuel and water, and by mixing water and fuel at fixed ratio, unevenness in mixing ratio due to difference in temperature of water and liquid fuel, is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell system comprises fuel reformer which forms reformed gas containing hydrogen from mixed liquor of liquid fuel and water. The reformed gas is supplied to anode of fuel cell which opposes cathode, both positioned in an electrolyte. The liquid fuel and water are mixed in mixing tank and stored. The mixing tank supply mixed liquor to the fuel reformer. A liquid fuel supply apparatus and water supply apparatus supplies liquid fuel and water respectively into the mixing tank. A heat exchanger for adjusting temperature difference of water and liquid fuel is installed between liquid fuel and water supply apparatuses.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic block diagram of fuel cell system.    Reformer (12)    Mixing tank (16)    Liquid fuel supply apparatus (18)    Water supply apparatus (20)    Heat exchanger (22)    Piping (62)
NOVELTY - Methane adsorbent contains intercalation of graphite or a silica base compound.    USE - For adsorbing methane and storing natural gas or methane in large quantities by comparatively low pressure.    ADVANTAGE - Has a structure of molecular layer provided with pores in between. Hence rate of pore volume can be increased sharply and the amount of methane adsorption is increased.
NOVELTY - Raw gas is washed in water, mixed with low (un)saturated hydrocarbon gas and/or ammonia and heat decomposed. The fluorine compound generated by heat decomposition is washed in water and the inflammable components are burned in presence of exterior air.    USE - For perfluoro carbon gas removal generated during cleaning and etching of electronic circuit elements such as semiconductor, liquid crystal and aluminum refinement.    ADVANTAGE - Perfluoro carbon is removed at low temperature and at reduced cost consuming less energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for perfluoro carbon gas removal apparatus.
NOVELTY - Waste water containing volatile organochlorine compound is exposed to a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. The pressurized gas ejected is treated with a process agent chosen from absorber, adsorbent or microorganism decomposer and the volatile organochlorine compound is decomposed.    USE - For processing waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The waste water contaminated with volatile organochlorine compound is purified efficiently, safely and inexpensively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing apparatus of volatile organochlorine compound which has exposure unit for exposing waste water containing volatile compound and removal unit for adsorption, absorption or decomposition removal of volatile organochlorine compound. A transportation unit for conveying gas ejected from exposure unit to decomposition unit are comprised.
NOVELTY - A bioactive organic fertilizer is prepared from organic substance including distillers' grains (greater than 30%) and nutrients (15-30%) through pretreating and adding additives to obtain semi-finished product, further processing to obtain end product and packaging. Its advantages are complete nutrients and low content of harmful impurities.
NOVELTY - A fermented feed of Ribes burejense is prepared from Ribes burejense dregs, rapeseed cake, usea and yeast cell through crushing rapeseed cake, mixing with others and then anaerobic fermentation. Its advnatages include high protein content (30% or more), VC content (over 20 mg/100g) and rich carbohydrate content, promoting appetite of animal, improving digestion function, preventing and treating indigesion of animal, and use of waste to reduce environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - The waste material is added to an alkaline substance and water and the resultant mixture is deposited. The deposited mixture is left to harden so as to form a solid matrix.    USE - For processing of waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The infectivity of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSE) is reduced by increasing the temperature. The method is effective for wide range of waste material, enables processing of number of potentially low-level contaminated waste, treats effectively any permeable substance containing infectious protein and disposes residues of incinerated process safely and securely.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for disposal of cattle carcasses which involves rendering carcasses to provide meat and bone meal (MBM), mixing MBM with alkaline substance and water, allowing the constituents to react, depositing the mixture and hardening the deposited mixture to form a solid matrix.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of waste disposal, specifically MBM residues.    MBM store (1)    Silos containing air pollution controlling residue (2)    Mixing unit (3)    Water container (4)    Conveyors (6,6',7)
NOVELTY - Dewatering of water-containing material, e.g. sludge, comprises adding and mixing dried sphagnum plants to the material.    USE - The method is used for dewatering, improving the composting and the calorific value of water-containing material, e.g. sludge material, preferably bio-sludge, process water, sewage sludge, river sludge, or oil-containing sludge (claimed). It is also useful for reducing the discharge of unpleasant off-gases from a material.    ADVANTAGE - The process effectively improves the composting and the calorific value of water-containing material. It reduces the discharge of unpleasant off-gases from a material. After the processing, the water-containing material is better adapted to composting and/or incineration.
NOVELTY - An autothermal reforming reactor comprises an endothermic reaction zone for the reforming reaction; an exothermic reaction zone, in which energy for the reforming reaction is released; and a quenching zone connected to the reaction zones for quench cooling the reactor gas stream by adding a liquid.    USE - For operating fuel cells having polymer membranes by reforming liquid hydrocarbons such as gasoline or diesel.    ADVANTAGE - Temperature distribution is optimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Autothermal reforming reactor comprises an endothermic reaction zone for the reforming reaction; an exothermic reaction zone, in which energy for the reforming reaction is released; and a quenching zone connected to the reaction zones for quench cooling the reactor gas stream by adding a liquid. The endothermic reaction zone and the quench zone are separated by a gas permeable heat shield (HS) comprising a thermal insulation (IS) for insulating the endothermic reaction zone and the quench zone, and a temperature radiator (STR) which faces the endothermic reaction zone to radiate thermal energy absorbed by the reactor gas stream in a counter current flow.    Preferred Features: The heat shield consists of a vaporizer structure (VD) made of metal foam on a side facing the quenching zone. The exothermic reaction zone is connected to the endothermic reaction zone. The heat shield has flow channels (GK) whose walls are formed by the temperature radiator. The radiator is made of metal, ceramic or a metal-ceramic composite. The thermal insulation is made of ceramic.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the heat shield.    Flow channels (GK)    Heat shield (HS)    Thermal insulation (IS)    Temperature radiator (STR)
NOVELTY - Degrading (M) keratin containing compositions, involves combining the compositions and a bacterial strain of Bacillus licheniformis having all of the identifying characteristics of strain O.W.U.138B, American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 55768, and allowing the enzyme produced by the bacterial strain, preferably keratinase to degrade the keratin.    USE - (M) is useful for degrading waste feathers produced by commercial poultry processing, producing animal feed, fertilizer or natural gas from poultry waste, and cleaning certain fabrics. The keratinase produced by (M) is useful in degrading collagen, elastin, and other structural biological materials and peptides containing a significant amount of beta-sheet structure, and commercial composting and other industrial and household applications involving degradation of such proteins. The keratinase is also useful in hard surface cleaners, personal care products and laundry detergents.
NOVELTY - Nitrogen oxide (NOx) content of combustion gases is reduced by heating oxygen to 1000-3000 degrees F, mixing hot oxygen with granular carbonaceous fuel containing volatiles, devolatizing the fuel, reacting hot oxygen with volatiles and fuel to form a fuel-rich gas phase mixture having hydrocarbon radicals, and reacting the hydrocarbon radicals with NOx of the combustion gases to form nitrogen gas.    USE - The process is for reducing NOx emissions from combustion gases of commercial furnaces such as those that treat wastes, generate electricity, produce glass, steel and other metals.    ADVANTAGE - The method produces more volatiles available to generate even more hydrocarbon radicals, allowing use of coal or other inexpensive fuel for re-burning.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reduction of NOx content of combustion gases involves combusting fuel and oxidant to generate heat and form combustion gases comprising NOx, heating oxygen to 1000-3000 degrees F to form hot oxygen, mixing the hot oxygen with granular carbonaceous fuel containing volatiles, devolatizing the fuel, reacting hot oxygen with volatiles and fuel to form a fuel-rich gas phase mixture containing hydrocarbon radicals, contacting the combustion gases with the fuel-rich gas phase mixture, and reacting the hydrocarbon radicals with NOx to form nitrogen gas. The hot oxygen and carbonaceous fuel mixture has a stoichiometric ratio of less than 1.0.
NOVELTY - Production of fertilizer comprises mixing chicken excrement and plant organic fertilizer in a 1:10 weight ratio, air drying the homogenized mixture for 7-10 days so that the ammonia contained in the chicken excrement is fermented to remove the odor but still retain the nutrients of the protein, and milling the mixture to powder.    USE - The method is useful for producing a fertilizer that is odorless, non-toxic and environmentally friendly.
NOVELTY - Method for composting liquid sludge, comprising pumping sludge via hoses (2) into a bed of distribution material (6) containing worms and removing seepage water via a filter system (8-10). Compost is deposited by the worms above a perforated partition wall above the bed.    USE - Composting liquid sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The compost is handled more easily and hygienically without disturbing the biological composting process. The large surface area over which the sludge is spread increases the rate of composting, rapid drainage prevents the worms being killed by a lack of oxygen, biofilm formation is prevented, compost is not contaminated by fresh sludge, fewer worms are removed with the compost and no leaching of the compost takes place.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for composting liquid sludge in a thermal composting bed comprises:    (1) providing a surface-disturbing and capillary-breaking distribution material containing a worm population in a partially perforated vessel ;    (2) adding liquid sludge to the vessel via pipes or hoses;    (3) removing seepage water via a filter system containing a heating loop and located beneath a perforated base used to support the distribution material ; and    (4) applying a perforated partition wall onto the distribution material, the perforations being large enough to worms to crawl through and deposit the degraded sludge material above the wall.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the composting apparatus, in which a pipe or hose network is used to pump sludge into one or more levels in the distribution material bed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 4 shows a cross-section of the composting vessel without a lid or roof.    Pipe/hose network (2)    Perforated layer (5)    Distribution material, e.g. clay beads (6)    Sand layer (8)    Filters (9, 10)    Pleated vessel base (11)    Pipe or hose (13)
NOVELTY - A mineral salt group coagulant is added to sludge which is then dehydrated. The dehydrated cake is thrown into a fermentation tank and air is supplied for performing aerobic fermentation. pH of the acidic dehydrated cake is adjusted to be weakly alkaline by supplying ammonia gas into the feed zone of the fermentation tank.    USE - For fermenting sludge generated from sewage works.    ADVANTAGE - Aerobic fermentation of sludge by microorganism is accelerated by supplying ammonia gas. A deodorizing effect is attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of the pH adjustment method of compost. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermentation tank (1)    Feed zone (1a)
NOVELTY - Waste water treatment apparatus comprises water flow path and circulation path.    USE - For sewage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Size is reduced, as nitrification, denitrification and filtration are performed in one vessel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Waste water treatment apparatus comprises water flow path and circulation path, from which digestive liquid is circulated to lower portion of reaction vessel, provided on upper portion of reaction vessel. A diffuser (23) is located on the upper portion of precipitate layer (11) which is located in the lower portion of reaction vessel (10). The upper portion of reaction vessel is provided with a water flow path (20) and a circulation path (21) from which digestive liquid is circulated to the lower portion of the reaction vessel where a water inflow path (16) is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of water treatment apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reaction vessel (10)    Precipitate layer (11)    Water inflow path (16)    Water flow path (20)    Circulation path (21)    Diffuser (23)
NOVELTY - Waste water purification comprises introducing the water to be treated into a processing unit equipped with multi-stage anaerobic filter bed and aerobic soil trench, for denitrification. Thus, the purification of waste water is carried out efficiently.    USE - For purifying waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The purification of waste water can be carried out efficiently and inexpensively with high degree.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste water treatment apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of the purification of waste water. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Circulating type purification tank comprises a waste water (raw water) storage tank (1), solid substance removal tank (2), biological treatment tank (3) and ozone treatment tank (4), through which the raw water is circulated when the toilet is not in use, the treated water is stored in processed water tank (5). The treated water in the processed water tank is then reused as wash water for toilet.    USE - For movable-type toilets.    ADVANTAGE - The fluctuation load of biological treatment tank of circulating type purification tank is reduced, by circulating the waste water between solid substance removal tank, biological tank and ozone treatment tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circulating type purification tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Waste water storage tank (1)    Solid substance removal tank (2)    Biological treatment tank (3)    Ozone treatment tank (4)    Processed water tank (5)
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises an exhaust gas path (20) which is provided with a discharge port. A heater (25) is arranged below the discharge port (5). The gas is made to flow towards the discharge port by the heater.    USE - The apparatus is used in residences and restaurants to process organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of heater ensures efficient ejection of gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Discharge port (5)    Exhaust gas path (20)    Heater (25)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing method comprises carrying out methane fermentation of organic waste, passing the fermented liquid through membrane separation process, physicochemically removing nitrogen content in the filtered liquid (passed through membrane separation process) followed by performing biological de nitrification of the processed liquid.    USE - For processing organic wastes such as faeces, urine, sludge, livestock waste, vegetable wastes and organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The organic substance in the organic waste is not only disassembled by methane fermentation. As the nitrogen content is removed physicochemically, the biological oxygen demand (BOD)/nitrogen ratio is made suitable for de nitrification. Reaction rate of the biological de nitrification process is improved. Miniaturization of the de nitrification apparatus is attained. Chemicals such as methanol are not required for the organic waste processing method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the organic refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart of an organic waste processing installation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Sludge stored in a deodorizing tank is agitated with compressed air, and treated with 0.1-1.0 weight% of humus to obtain activated sludge. Odorous gas generated from organic refuse processing machine is deodorized by passing as fine bubbles through the activated sludge.    USE - For deodorizing odorous gas from organic refuse processing/incineration field and/or human waste processing field by using sludge from sewage treatment plants.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively deodorizes sludge and odorous gas generated from organic refuse, and continuously maintains the deodorizing effect. The method also effectively controls the concentration of sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a sludge deodorizing apparatus.
NOVELTY - The sewage is biologically treated in bioreaction tank to obtain biologically treated liquid (TL). Solid substances contained in TL are adhered to remover of hollow cylindrical filtration unit immersed in separation tank and adhered substances are then separated using water head. The treated (filtered) water is then collected.    USE - For biological treatment of sewage.    ADVANTAGE - Biological treatment of sewage is effective and inexpensive without the use of separation membrane which requires sedimentation basin and large installation space and surplus power. Biological treatment is also effective for activated sludge with high concentration. The method provides stable and efficient solid liquid separation process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sewage is biologically treated in bioreaction tank (6) to obtain biologically treated liquid (TL) (15). Solid substances contained in TL are adhered to remover (10) of hollow cylindrical filtration unit (9) immersed in separation tank (12) and adhered substances are then separated using water head difference between outer and inner surfaces of (9). The treated (filtered) water (13) is then collected.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for biological treatment apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow process of biological treatment apparatus.    Bioreaction tank (6)    Filtration unit (9)    Solid substance remover (10)    Separation tank (12)    Treated water (13)    Biologically treated liquid (15)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is mixed with activated carbon, fed into an anaerobic fermenter and treated under anaerobic conditions.    USE - For processing organic waste such as bio-gas containing sulfur content and stock raising waste.    ADVANTAGE - The digestive liquid obtained from the organic waste is formed as useful organic fertilizer which has excellent soil modification effect. The method enables processing of bio-gas without de-sulfurization process, due to reduction of sulfur content. Also the de-sulfurized digestive liquid is suitable for fertilizing soil. The smell from the process is reduced.
NOVELTY - Scroll compressor has a housing (3) enclosing a compression zone (A) and a rotation blocking section (B) separated by a partition plate (91). A discharge hole (91c) is located near the partition plate to facilitate discharge of compressed fluid into rotation blocking section. A release hole (321a) is located at the extreme side of housing, to discharge the compressed fluid to external.    USE - For supplying compressed air in fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents permeation of foreign material to compression zone from rotation blocking section due to use of partition plate. Performs forced cooling in rotation blocking by discharge hole in partition plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section of scroll compressor.    Housing (3)    Partition plate (91)    Discharge hole (91c)    Release hole (321a)    Compression zone (A)    Rotation blocking section (B)
NOVELTY - A carbonization apparatus comprises a carbonization tank for performing carbonization of organic substances, a stirring apparatus for stirring the organic substances in the carbonization tank, an air supply apparatus for supplying air to the carbonization tank and a heating apparatus for heating the air which is sent to the carbonization tank.    USE - For forming charcoal, which is used as an adsorbent or soil improvement material.    ADVANTAGE - The foaming of organic substances during carbonization is increased, as the temperature fluctuation in carbonization tank is minimized and hence, the charcoal with fine blow holes are formed. The operating cost of heating apparatus is minimized, since the heating apparatus is stopped at the time of stable combustion of organic substances. The carbide gathered at the bottom of carbonization tank, can be discharged easily. Carbonization of organic substance is performed efficiently and uniformly in short time, as the air is supplied reliably to carbonization tank. The stirring of organic substance is performed efficiently by stirring apparatus, using little strength, since load distributor is not provided at bottom portion of carbonization tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a carbonization process in which carbonization of an organic substance is performed by supplying air at a fixed temperature. The supply of air is stopped if the combustion temperature of the organic substance reaches the upper limit and if the combustion temperature of organic substance is lowered, the temperature is maintained by supplying air.
NOVELTY - A secondary thermolysis device (2) equipped with a reaction zone, carries out secondary thermolysis of cracked residue and modifier (4) modifies the thermolysis gas obtained from a thermolysis device (1) having baking region of low oxygen concentration or oxygen-free atmosphere. Water vapor of temperature above 700degreesC, formed by high temperature vapor generator (10), is fed into modifier and device (2).    USE - For processing waste material from medical plants.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of dioxin during incineration of mixed waste material, is prevented. The effective usage of waste heat energy, at the time of incineration, is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste material incineration method. The heat of combustion of the heating gas of temperature above 700degreesC, is used as heat source and secondary thermolysis of cracked residue of waste material, is carried out.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the waste material incineration apparatus.    Thermolysis devices (1,2)    Modifier (4)    High temperature water vapor generator (10)
NOVELTY - Organic-refuse (R) is supplied to small diameter rotatable mixed tank (5) having double helix, through opening (40). (R) is mixed with flooring and dehydrated by double helix of tank (5). Dehydrated refuse (D) is passed to large diameter degradation tank (11), and mixed with flooring. Rotation fermentation of (D) is performed. Tanks (5,11) are rotated in forward or reverse direction by drive unit (12).    USE - For processing organic-refuse ejected from food-processing industries e.g. diary product industries, and from domestic usages.    ADVANTAGE - The processing of organic-refuse is carried out efficiently and safely. The forward and reverse rotation of integral mixed tank and degradation tank is controlled automatically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic-refuse (R) is supplied to small diameter rotatable mixed tank (5) having double helix, through opening (40). (R) is mixed with flooring and dehydrated by double helix of tank (5). Dehydrated refuse (D) is passed to large diameter degradation tank (11), and mixed with flooring. Rotation fermentation of (D) is performed. Tanks (5,11) are rotated in forward or reverse direction by drive unit (12). The water by dehydrating the organic-refuse is ejected through drain pipe (7). Gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide generated by degradation of dehydrated refuse, are ejected.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic-refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of organic-refuse processing apparatus.    Mixed tank (5)    Drain pipe (7)    Degradation tank (11)    Drive unit (12)    Opening (40)
NOVELTY - A single cell consisting of an electrolyte film pinched between a fuel electrode and an oxidizing agent electrode, is laminated on a separator board. Parallel fuel flow-paths and oxidizing agent flow-paths (33) are folded in a zig-zag pattern and provided on the board, between fuel and oxidizing agent supply and discharge ports, respectively.    USE - For use in electric vehicles, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces deviation of in-plane temperature, and reaction distribution, reduces cell resistance and exhibits improved fuel cell performance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the oxidizing agent flow-path of the separator board. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Oxidizing agent flow-path (33)
NOVELTY - An ion exchange membrane consists of at least two layers, a first layer, and a second layer.    USE - The method produces the ion exchange membrane for use in a solid macromolecular fuel cell, water electrolysis, sodium chloride electrolysis, various sensors.    ADVANTAGE - The ion exchange membrane has high current efficiency, and superior low electrical resistance and strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The first layer consists of a polymer containing a repeating unit of formula (1). The second layer consists of a polymer containing a repeating unit of formula (2).    Y-(CF2)a-(CFRt)b-(CFRt')c-O-(CF(CF2X)-CF2-O)n-CF(-CF2)- (1)    -Y = -COOH, -CN, -COF, -COOR;    R = 1-10C alkyl;    a = integer of 0-6;    b = integer of 0-6;    c = 0 or 1;    a+b+c = not equal to 0;    n = integer of 1-6;    X = CI, Br, or F;    Rt, Rt' = 1-10C perfluoroalkyl, or substituent selected from fluorochloroalkyls.    -Y'-(CF2)a'-(CFRt'')b'-(CFRt''')c'-O-CF(-CF2)- (2)    -Y' = -COOH, -CN, -COF, -COOR;    R = 1-10C alkyl;    a' = integer of 0-6;    b' = integer of 0-6;    c' = 0 or 1;    a'+b'+c' = not equal to 0;    Rt'', Rt''' = 1-10C perfluoroalkyl, or substituent selected from fluorochloroalkyls.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system (1) has reformer (4) to form hydrogen (H2) from alcohol and gasoline fuels, gas permselective membrane (9) to purify reformed H2, fuel cell (8) to which purified H2 is supplied and hydrogen reservoir (20) to store purified H2. H2 is released from hydrogen reservoir, during fuel cell start-up and when amount of H2 required by fuel cell exceeds amount of H2 formed by reformer.    USE - E.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction in number of components and weight of fuel cell system are attained. The structure of fuel cell system is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system for electricity generation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell system (1)    Reformer (4)    Fuel cell (8)    Gas permeable membrane (9)    Hydrogen reservoir (20)
NOVELTY - The cylindrical solid electrolyte fuel cell has catalyst (29) arranged in guide pipe (19) accommodated inside the cell tube (17) of battery chamber (11a). Methane (1) to be reformed and oxygen (4) are circulated into the catalyst configured tube at operating temperature.    USE - The fuel cell is used as a power source.    ADVANTAGE - As generation of carbon is inhibited, reduction in electricity generating efficiency of the battery is restrained. As the catalyst is configured in modification pipe, the system is compact and methane is reformed effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The methane and oxygen are made to react electrochemically to generate electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic structural diagram of cylindrical solid electrolyte fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Methane (1)    Oxygen (4)    Battery chamber (11a)    Cell tube (17)    Guide pipe (19)    Catalyst (29)
NOVELTY - The fuel modifier comprises the rectangular reformer plate (8) which carries out endothermic reaction and the rectangular catalyst combustion plates (7,9) which carry out exothermic reaction. Both the plates are laminated. The plate elements include manifold for air (11) and combustion gas (15) in the longitudinal side. The manifold for reformed gas and off gas (14) are provided in width side.    USE - For fuel cell of general electric power units.    ADVANTAGE - The provision of flat plate element ensures the effectiveness of the reformer and enables to adjust the rate of reformation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Multiple tightening pillars penetrate through the plates. Dish springs surround the pillars. Cavity around pillars is used as gas manifold. Two or more sets of lamination plates are laminated. A heater heats alcohol and evaporator evaporates heat alcohol. A superheater which performs superheating of vapor, is laminated with the plate elements. The evaporator consists of good thermal conductivity material which has porous foam material. An oxidizer adds air to carbon monoxide to form carbon dioxide. The air flow path which includes flow regulator, is provided in the plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of fuel modifier.    Catalyst combustion plates (7,9)    Reformer plate (8)    Air (11)    Off gas (14)    Combustion gas (15)
NOVELTY - Vaporization gas from evaporator (1) is supplied to modifier (4). The modification gas is supplied to the evaporator through an injector, when the liquid fuel supplied to evaporator is evaporated to form vaporization gas, and the mixed gas is supplied to the modifier. The temperature of modification air mixed with the vaporization gas is programmed higher than that of the vaporization gas.    USE - In fuel cell system for electric vehicle which has modifier using mixed gas supply method.    ADVANTAGE - Temperature of the whole catalyst is stabilized and the composition of reformed gas is stable. Complicated control is not needed even when there is rapid load fluctuation. Mixed gas and air are uniformly mixed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Evaporator (1)    Modifier (4)
NOVELTY - A bimetal catalyst which modifies a hydrocarbon type fuel to a hydrogen rich gas by water vapor modification reaction, contains a noble metal and rhenium.    USE - For use in production of hydrogen rich gas.    ADVANTAGE - The water vapor modification reaction of the hydrocarbon fuel is performed efficiently in the presence of the bimetal catalyst. The catalyst lowers the production of carbonmonoxide during the reaction process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the bimetal catalyst which involves impregnating a solution containing noble metal and rhenium on a metallic oxide support.
NOVELTY - Fuel is injected into high temperature air inside a combustion chamber (1A) at low speed. Highly luminous flames (5,5a) are formed inside furnace based on air fuel reaction.    USE - For industrial furnaces.    ADVANTAGE - Since fuel is injected into the combustion chamber at a low speed, the amount of NOx formed is reduced by restraining the temperature of flames for facilitating effective heating of the furnace.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel is selected from hydrogen, carbon, propane or ethylene, benzene and kerosene. The ratio atomic numbers of hydrogen/carbon in the fuel is less than 3.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for heat storage type combustion apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the heat storage combustion apparatus.    Combustion chamber (1A)    Highly luminous flames (5,5a)
NOVELTY - A carbonate solution is irradiated with radiation and hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon type substance are synthesized.    USE - For use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables, to reduce global warming by fixing carbon dioxide present in atmosphere, and effective usage of radioactive waste.
NOVELTY - A carbonate solution is irradiated with radiation in the presence of catalyst, and hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon type substance are synthesized. The catalyst is copper, nickel, aluminum, titanium oxide, copper oxide, alumina, copper chloride, copper sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese chloride tetrahydrate, cobalt nitrate, ruthenium chloride, calcium chloride, silver sulfate or zinc sulfate    USE - For use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables, to reduce global warming by fixing carbon dioxide present in atmosphere, and effective usage of radioactive waste.
NOVELTY - Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) group fiber containing 5-40 weight percent (wt.%) of polyamine group polymeric polymer or polycarboxylic acid group polymeric polymer, is heat treated.    USE - The fiber is useful as a support for microorganism fixations (claimed) in raw food, waste water, sewage. It is also used for bedding, clothes and fishing nets.    ADVANTAGE - Specific microorganisms of a required amount adhere to the modified PVA group fiber in a short time. There is reduced peeling or dropping off of the microorganism. Tourmalines activate the microorganism's metabolic activities. Human blood circulation and activation of human cell is improved significantly.
NOVELTY - Primary and secondary gasification of organic waste (1) is performed by supplying the waste to gasifiers to form gas and char. The gas formed is passed through a gas scrubber (6) and washed. The moist gas is passed through carbon monoxide (CO) converter (7), acidic gas remover (8) and carbon dioxide (CO2) is separated. CO2 is passed to high temperature gasifier as diluent for oxygen.    USE - For recycling waste material, such as sewage sludge, waste fiber reinforced plastic, biomass waste material, motor vehicle waste material and waste oil.    ADVANTAGE - The recycling of the waste material by gasification process is performed effectively. The gas produced can be used for various synthetic gas by adjusting the ratio of CO to H2.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Primary and secondary gasification of organic waste is performed by supplying the waste to low temperature gasifier (2) and high temperature gasifier (5) respectively to form gas and char. Secondary gasification is performed with the supply of oxygen gas. The gas formed is passed through a gas scrubber and washed. The moist gas is passed through carbon monoxide (CO) converter, acidic gas remover and carbon dioxide (CO2) is separated. CO2 is passed to high temperature gasifier as diluent for oxygen.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for granule slag in which the purged gas is passed through acidic gas remover and melt ashes of the high temperature gasifier furnace interior is supplied as oxygen gas diluent. The unreacted carbon content present in the granule slag is contacted with low temperature gasifier in the form of a slurry.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart of gas recycle method in the gasification process of waste material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic waste (1)    Low temperature gasifier (2)    Scrubber (6)    Converter (7)
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide (CO) removal device selectively oxidizes CO mixed with oxidizing gas for selective oxidation in introductory gas by catalytic reaction to carbon dioxide (CO2). The mixing path of oxidizing gas for selective oxidation is equipped with impurity removal unit (30) which removes the impurity component in the oxidizing gas.    USE - For fuel cell electricity generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Organic substances, such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, and impurities such as NOx and SOx are removed, thereby the adsorption of the organic substances or impurities is eliminated. The reduction of removal property of CO removal device is inhibited. The reformed gas with very low concentration of CO is supplied to fuel electrode. A fuel cell system with good electricity generation capacity is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell electricity generation system. Hydrogen rich reformed gas obtained by modification of raw material gas is supplied to fuel electrode. The system supplies oxidizing gas to oxygen pole and generates electricity by electrochemical reaction of reformed gas and oxidizing gas. CO contained in reformed gas is oxidized selectively to CO2 by mixing with oxidizing gas in the supply path of reformed gas.
NOVELTY - The fuel is supplied to the reforming portion of the reformer which contains several heat exchangers. The inlet and outlet of some heat exchangers are connected to the circulation unit. The circulation unit performs the circulation of gas and heat generated by the modification of the supplied fuel.    USE - For vehicles (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The amount of oxygen and hydrogen gas to be supplied to the heat exchanger is controlled effectively. The size of the fuel reformer is minimized and the efficiency of the heat exchanger is increased.
NOVELTY - The transformation catalyst tank (310) of a CO transformer (300) is heated with heat supplied from a combustion catalyst tank (330) during starting. The heat is supplied from the combustion catalyst tank through the buffer tank (320). Water is supplied to the buffer tank, and fuel for combustion and air are supplied to the catalyst tank (310) to heat catalyst tank.    USE - For converting carbon monoxide in reformed gas for power generation in fuel battery-based power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables quick starting of CO transformer without reducing its life span. Reduces size of fuel battery system by avoiding influence of operating temperature of fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of fuel battery-based power generation system.    CO transformer (300)    Transformation catalyst tank (310)    Buffer tank (320)    Combustion catalyst tank (330)
NOVELTY - The final breakdown of fresh compost is accelerated by an earthworm colony moving through a steady incoming compost supply on a moving conveyer in a continual process.    USE - Process and assembly to accelerate the final decomposition of rotting vegetable matter with the aid of earthworms.    ADVANTAGE - The process achieves good control of the composting advancement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - As in claim DE 3812518-A1, freshly composted material (9) is finally composted by earthworms (19) which feed and migrate progressively to further incoming supplies of fresh compost. Worms migrate horizontally towards fresh compost which is preceded by further fresh incoming compost, maintained as a continual supply in an elongated pile (3) of more than two meters length by a conveyer-fed supply moving towards the worms. The fresh compost and worm-assisted compost heap are positioned on a moving surface e.g. circular, oval or linear conveyer, the speed of which is determined by the current position of the feeding worm colony. The position of the feeding worms is determined by sensors (23,24). The composting material passes over a hot zone (7), under a mechanical hoe (12) and heap inverter (17). The finally composted material is discharged (5) prior to the fresh compost inlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of a ring-shaped composting assembly.    Fresh composting material (9)    Earthworms (19)    Hot zone (7)    Earthworm sensors (23,24)    Hoe (12)    Heap inverter/mixer (17)    Discharge (5)    Elongated heap (3)
NOVELTY - A process for separating butane and butene uses the mixture of dimethyl formamide (DMF) and another one or more solvents as its solvent and a two-tower route for separation. Two towers are operated under pressure. The output product from tower top can be condensed by circulating water and the tower still temperature is lower than 170degreesC. The DMF is not decomposed. The added solvent also has separation action, but the boiling point is relatively low.
NOVELTY - Supplying and utilizing waste material of all types comprises on starting up the process injecting fuel into a high temperature zone to heat the zone and oxygen into a stabilizing zone, burning and deviating the waste gases via a chimney stack optionally after rapid cooling.    USE - For supplying and utilizing industrial, domestic and special waste.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple and effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for preparing, converting and post-treating waste material comprising apparatus for injecting oxygen and fuel, a chimney stack, a combustion chamber and a device for utilizing the gas.    Preferred Features: Oxygen is injected in excess on start-up. The waste gases are post-burnt in a combustion chamber before being deviated via the chimney stack up to a temperature of 900 degrees C.
NOVELTY - Heat generation from a carbon-containing material involves pyrolysis in a reactor to produce a carbon-enriched solid and a combustible gaseous product, part of which is burned to produce a gaseous combustion product and to heat the pyrolysis zone (110) of the reactor. A second part of the gas product is burned to generate heat and a second gaseous combustion product. Both combustion product gases are returned to the pyrolysis zone.    USE - For converting carbon-containing materials, such as municipal waste and/or sewage (claimed) into combustible fuels.    ADVANTAGE - The use of waste materials in a useful energy recovery method reduces environmental concerns over wasted resources, lack of space for landfill disposal and energy intensive chemical treatment approaches.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a system for recovering energy from carbon-containing material (105) comprising a reactor with a heater (170,171) and a material inlet. A gas offtake (133) permits combustible gases generated in the vessel to be removed, and is connected, via a gas conduit, to the vessel heater, where a first part of the gas product is ignited. Energy is recovered (140) from a second part of the gas product using a means also associated with the gas offtake.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing schematically shows an energy recovery system.    carbon-containing waste (105)    pyrolysis zone (110)    reaction zone (120)    gas offtake (133)    heat recovery boiler (140)    burner (170,171)    gas storage vessel (160)
NOVELTY - A method (I) for purifying waste water using microorganisms selected from Bacillus Sp. DT-1 (DSM12560), Pseudomonas azelaica DT-2 (DSM12561) and/or Rhizobium sp. DT-5 (DSM12562) (or their progeny), is new.    USE - The method (I) is used for purifying waste water, especially seep water, grey water, black water, industrial waste water and/or waste water from laundries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The microorganisms are very well suited for purification of water and are capable of surviving and reproducing under conditions that exist in the water treatment process (i.e. they are competitive and prevent other microorganisms in the water from proliferating). The microorganisms are also insensitive to changes in the environment that occur during water treatment processes as the load varies. Additionally the microorganisms are so specific that their biomass can be produced under non-sterile conditions using a growth medium where other microorganisms are unable to compete. This reduces the cost and the energy consumption of the process. The water obtained is very pure and may be recycled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) Bacillus Sp. DT-1 (DSM12560) (or progeny) (II);    (2) Pseudomonas azelaica DT-2 (DSM12561) (or progeny) (III);    (3) Rhizobium sp. DT-5 (DSM12562) (or progeny) (IV);    (4) Pseudomonas azelaica DT-6 (DSM13516) (or progeny) (V);    (5) Azospirillum sp. DT-10 (DSM 13517) (or progeny) (VI);    (6) Ancylobacter aquaticus DT-12 (DSM13518) (or progeny) (VII);    (7) Xanthobacter sp. DT-13 (DSM13519) (or progeny) (VIII);    (8) a mixed bacterial population (IX) comprising (II), (III) and (IV); and    (9) a bioreactor (X) comprising the microorganisms (II), (III) and/or (IV).
NOVELTY - A new biological waste treatment composition comprises protease-producing bacteria which convert organic nitrogen into simpler inorganic molecules, enabling ammonification by naturally occurring microorganisms already present in the waste. The composition comprises the denitrifying bacteria Propionibacterium acidipropionici which covert the products of ammonification, and a carrier.    USE - The composition is useful to reduce nitrogen concentration, and also noxious odors associated with anaerobic decomposition, in nitrogen-containing material, especially biological waste such as livestock waste. Excessive nitrogen (e.g. nitrates) from such waste (especially from large-scale livestock facilities) is toxic to plant growth and may reduce crop production and contribute to environmental pollution e.g. through groundwater contamination.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composition comprises P. acidipropionici having activity at least 3.0x104 colony forming units (CFU)/ml, protease-producing bacteria selected from Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliguefaciens having activity at least 4.5x104 CFU/ml and a carrier.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for reducing the nitrogen concentration in a biological nitrogen-containing material by applying the composition, or by applying the protease-producing bacteria component followed by/simultaneous to the denitrifying bacteria component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the effect of the composition on nitrogen available for the first crop (i.e. inorganic forms of nitrogen) at four swine lagoons treated at 2 pounds/1,000,000 gallons.
NOVELTY - Organic substances, e.g. paper, pieces of wood, plants and animal material, are heated in a heat resistant air-tight container (B) and carbonized. The produced gas is collected through a gassing outlet (1) and is set as fuel. Liquid and vapor which are simultaneously ejected are also collected.    USE - For producing charcoal by heating organic substances such as tree, paper, plants and animal material.    ADVANTAGE - The charcoal is manufactured by a simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a charcoal producing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the heat resistance air-tight container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gassing outlet (1)    Airtight container (B)
NOVELTY - An inflammable organic substance (IOS) is carbonized by steam heating it in a coke oven chamber (5), and burning the generated combustible gas in a combustion chamber (7). Steam heating is stopped, when the temperature detected by a temperature sensor (16) arranged in the chamber exceeds a preset temperature or when temperature change direction in the sensor changes from positive to negative.    USE - For carbonizing inflammable organic substances such as timber, paper and synthetic resin in organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The inflammable organic substance is carbonized efficiently, irrespective of the quantity or quality of the inflammable organic substance. Waste of fuel during carbonization is reduced. The need for altering the time for each carbonization batch is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline of carbonization apparatus.    Coke oven chamber (5)    Combustion chamber (7)    Temperature sensor (16)
NOVELTY - The system has a reformer (3) for reforming a fuel, for generating electricity by a cell stack (9) using reformed gas and air. Surplus gas and air ejected from cell stack is burnt in a combustor (11). Exhaust gas from combustor is heated by an evaporator (13). A part of reformed gas is fed directly to the combustor through a bypass path (15) with a flow control valve (19).    USE - Fuel cell system is used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Responsiveness and efficiency of fuel reformer are improved by enabling necessary calorie to be taken out within short time whenever necessary.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformer (3)    Cell stack (9)    Combustor (11)    Evaporator (13)    Bypass path (15)    Flow control valve (19)
NOVELTY - A bypass pipe (9) supplies exhaust gas from fuel cell stack (1) to combustor (3) which is fitted with a temperature sensor (15). A flow control valve (11) is provided to control exhaust flow into combustor. A controller (19) controls the flow control valve based on preset control parameters, to perform desired gas flow.    USE - The fuel cell system is used for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Electricity generation of fuel cell is improved, since temperature reduction of exhaust gas is prevented by controlling flow control valve based on temperature of exhaust gas ejected from combustor, which maintains need-based optimum ejection from combustor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cell stack (1)    Combustor (3)    Bypass pipe (9)    Flow control valve (11)    Temperature sensor (15)    Controller (19)
NOVELTY - The combustor (11) comprises a combustion chamber with a primary mixing chamber (13) and a secondary mixing chamber (23). A heater (19) for heating fuel and air is provided between the mixing chambers. A combustion catalyst (2a) accelerates oxygen reaction by mixture of gas from the mixing chambers.    USE - In fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents thermal deterioration of heater, by combustion catalyst which accelerates oxygen reaction. Prevents pressure loss by avoiding air passing through inside of heater.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the combustor of fuel cell system.    Combustion catalyst (2a)    Combustor (11)    Mixing chambers (13,23)    Heater (19)
NOVELTY - Monitoring of numbers of flock forming and non-forming microorganisms for the management of activated sludge comprises separation of a variety of gene fragments amplified from DNA in activated sludge with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and detection of the gene fragment of these flock forming and non-forming microorganisms.    USE - Control and management of activated sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Effective utilization of activated sludge with increased load of organic materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preventing outflow of activated sludge biomass by selective growth of dominant flock forming microorganism and stabilization of the activated sludge flock, optionally by addition of an adjunctive substrate to stimulate the growth of flock forming microorganism.
NOVELTY - Plastic waste is processed by classifying fine and rough granules of plastic waste. A portion of classified granules are blended with fine charcoal, dry distilled and molded in a coke oven, to form charcoal molding.    USE - For processing plastic wastes e.g. polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polystyrene or vinyl chloride wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Plastic waste can be processed in coke oven without reducing coke content.
NOVELTY - A membrane reformer reforms hydrocarbon gas. Refined hydrogen is passed through two or more sets of hydrogen occlusion alloy filling containers and occluded.    USE - To manufacture high purity hydrogen used as fuel in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - High purity hydrogen is manufactured effectively by using membrane reformer or polymer film and the hydrogen is stored simply. The hydrogen obtained is used effectively in the fuel cell system. The heat or cold of the battery cooling water is efficiently used by incorporating the battery cooling water of the fuel cell into the fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The membrane reformer reforms the hydrocarbon gas. The hydrocarbon gas is natural gas or town gas. The reformed gas comprises hydrogen formed by the modifier, and passed through a polymer film to form rough refining hydrogen. The refined hydrogen is optionally passed through further sets of hydrogen occlusion alloy filling containers and occluded. The occluded hydrogen is supplied to the fuel electrode of a fuel cell. The cooling water of the fuel cell is used for the release of occluded hydrogen from the containers. The secondary cooling water from the heat exchanger is used for cooling. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel cell system supplied with occluded hydrogen. The fuel cell is a phosphoric acid fuel cell or polyethylene fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows high purity hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.
NOVELTY - In an anaerobic process to break down and ferment plant wastes, the wastes are first inoculated with water derived especially from a post-fermentation de-watering press. The inoculation water is devoid of recirculated solids.    USE - Process and assembly to dispose of waste plant matter and generate methane.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly is smaller than prior art of the same throughput and minimizes the volume of water finally discharged and requiring special treatment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fresh organic wastes are first shredded before being mixed with aerated water drawn from a holding tank (40) drained from the press. Aerated water promotes oxidative break-down of inhibitors and toxic substances. Prior to its use as a wetting agent, the expelled water is treated to adjust one or more parameters to a given value. The parameters are pH, buffer capacity, hydrogen sulfide content, ammonium content, fatty acid content and short-chained carbonic acid content. The adjustments are made using acids, alkalis, buffer substances, micro-nutritional elements or trace elements, and macro-nutritional elements. In the start-up phase the inoculation water is itself first inoculated with a culture of fermentation bacteria, acetogenic bacteria, and methanogenic bacteria. Also claimed is an assembly (1) with a fermentation vessel (10), a water press (13), and a solids mixer (11) with inoculation inlet (44). Solids are introduced via an inlet (12,28). Expelled water is held in the tank (40) compartments with heaters, mixers and/or ventilators.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the linked mixer and fermentation units.    Fermentation assembly (1)    fermentation vessel (10)    press (13)    solids mixer (11)    innoculation inlet (44)    solids inlet (12,28)    Water tank (40)
NOVELTY - Process for reforming hydrogen from an energy carrier and air in a reformer comprises introducing the energy carrier and the air together as a mixture together as a mixture to the reformer.    USE - Used as the drive system of a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The system is safe and easy to operate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (A) a fuel cell system comprising a reformer unit (10) for producing hydrogen from an energy carrier (16) and air (18) for operating a connected fuel cell unit. The reformer unit has a feed device (12) for simultaneously introducing the energy carrier and air as a mixture and is connected to the reformer unit; and (B) a fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the reforming process.    reformer unit (10)    feed device (12)    energy carrier (16)    air (18)
NOVELTY - Environment protecting equipment comprises a double-body blast furnace to consume lump material, a spiral flow magnetic blast furnace to consume powder material, a rotary film electromagnetic separator to produce steel, phosphoric acid and cement, and an after-heat electric generator.    USE - Used in processing of city garbage, metal smelting, petroleum refining, coal gasifying and other fields.
NOVELTY - The production of n-alkanes from mineral oil fractions etc. containing alkenes, cyclic alkanes and alkenes and/or aromatics involves treatment with a zeolite catalyst with a capacity index (SI) of not more than 20 and a modified forced index (CIasterisk) of more than 1 within given ranges of temperature, hydrogen pressure and catalyst loading.    USE - The products are used as feedstock for olefin units (steam crackers) (claimed). Used especially for the production of ethylene and propylene.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the efficient conversion of high-aromatics mineral oil fractions into n-alkanes with a shorter chain length than the hydrocarbons in the starting material (after hydrogenation to corresponding cycloalkanes). The comparatively large amount of propane in the product results in higher yields of propylene from the steam cracker, making it possible to influence steam cracker yield structures over a wider range than hitherto.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The production of n-alkanes from mineral oil fractions and fractions from thermal or catalytic converters containing cyclic alkanes, alkenes, cyclic alkenes and/or aromatics involves treatment at a temperature of 150-550degrees C, a hydrogen pressure of 5-200 bar and a loading (WHSV) of 0.1-20 h-1 with a zeolite catalyst with a capacity index (SI) of not more than 20 and a modified forced index (CIasterisk) of more than 1, to convert cyclic hydrocarbons into n-alkanes.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a catalyst for this process, comprising a zeolite as specified above containing 0.0001-0.1 wt% palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, osmium, copper, cobalt, nickel, platinum, iron, zinc, gallium, indium, molybdenum, tungsten and/or vanadium.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen gas generating device for generating hydrogen from a hydrocarbon fuel, oxygen and steam, has a fuel reformer (5) in which catalyst (27) is provided which shows activity for partial oxidation of the fuel. A partial oxidation reaction is generated on the catalyst (27) and fuel, oxygen and steam are supplied to the reformer (5) to effect an aqueous gas shift reaction using CO produced in the partial oxidation reaction as a reaction material.    USE - Used to generate hydrogen for use in fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer is good as a modifier for a fuel cell since it reduces the external heat required and lowers the CO concentration in the resultant modified gas. The reformer can use the exhaust gas from an oxygen electrode of a fuel cell as oxygen and steam source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system having the hydrogen gas generator and fuel cells (1) which generate electricity using hydrogen formed as a fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a hydrogen gas generator and a fuel cell system using it (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel Cell (1)    Oxygen Electrode (2)    Hydrogen Electrode (3)    Air Compressor (4)    Fuel Reformer (5)    CO High Temperature Converter (7)    Water Tank (14)    Catalyst (27)    Exhaust Gas Supply Tube (35)    Current Controller (38)    Flow Controller Valve (39)    Water Supply Tube (40)    Hydrogen Gas Generator (60)
NOVELTY - Invention relates to biological treatment of plant production processing, bioconversion of agriculture waste and products of vital activity of animals and to human survival also. Method involves plant raw grinding, its mixing with products of animal vital activity, addition of extra plant raw subjected for the preliminary microbiological treatment, fermentation of mixture, addition of invertebrate larvae, their culturing and the following separation. After fermentation the treated mixture is separated for large and small fractions. The large fraction is ground and the small one is separated for two parts one of that is mixed with the ground large fraction. Then products of animal vital activity are added additionally and fed for larvae culturing and another fraction is used as the food addition. Separated larvae are used as biologically active addition for humans and animals and remained substrate is used for biofertilizer preparing and fungi culturing. Method ensures to utilize organic waste and obtain low-priced fodder and fertilizer.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Improved method of processing, decreased cost of products. 6 cl, 1 ex
NOVELTY - Waste material is classified, crushed and kneaded in a dry process, for solid fuel formation (refuse-derived). A reducer is supplied to the waste material before or during the dry process. Waste gas such as chlorine gas evolved during the process is reduced. Formation of dioxins and organo chlorine compounds is prevented.    USE - For solid fuel formation refuse-derived fuel (RDF) from industrial and general waste material.    ADVANTAGE - During RDF manufacture, formation and evolution of dioxins are prevented reliably by reducing chlorine gas produced in dry processing of waste, by a reducer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the waste material processing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Inflammable waste material from industry is mixed with zeolite and/or a carbonaceous material and cement. The waste material is dried and compression molded.    USE - For recycling inflammable waste from industries, packaging wastes, and municipal solid wastes, as refuse derived fuel (RDF).    ADVANTAGE - Odor from waste material is neutralized and the fuel can be stored and used without aggravating the work environment. The unburnt fuel can be used as cement clinker. Recycle efficiency is improved. Ammonia and sulfur odor are eliminated efficiently by the presence of carbonaceous material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the above waste material.
NOVELTY - Reduction of nitrate nitrogen in soil is achieved by mixing soil with a fermented material, formed by mixing dried seaweed and diatomaceous earth with a rice bran and starch. The moisture content of the mixture is adjusted, and the mixture is fermented with stirring at suitable intervals, until fermentation is carried out for a predetermined level. The fermented medium is mixed with soil.    USE - The method is useful for reducing nitrate nitrogen of soil, resulting from excess use of fertilizers, stock-raising waste material or domestic waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The controlling of nitrate nitrogen in soil effectively prevents contamination of under-ground water. The fermented medium is added at a suitable quantity to soil volume, and the nitrate nitrogen in soil is effectively reduced to organic nitrogen, by microorganisms.
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide reduction apparatus (100) which reduces carbon monoxide from gas containing hydrogen, has a gas flow path which is inclined so the gas inlet side is large and the gas outlet side is small.    USE - For reducing carbon monoxide from the gas containing hydrogen. The obtained reformed gas is used for fuel cell system for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon monoxide is efficiently reduced from the gas containing hydrogen using small amount of catalyst having large SV value. The weight of carbon monoxide reduction apparatus and fuel cell system, is reduced. The reformed gas containing reduced amount of carbon monoxide is used for fuel cell system for power generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell stack which generates electricity from the reformed gas containing with reduced amount of carbon monoxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the block diagram of reformer. (The drawing includes non-English language text.)    carbon monoxide reduction apparatus (100)
NOVELTY - A gas analyzer comprises a housing (60) with first (62) and second (64) housing sections forming an open air optical path measuring region, gas channels (66, 68), a source (20), and a detector (30) optically coupled with the source to create an optical path (50). The gas channels enable purged gas to flow between the first and second housing sections.    USE - For measuring the concentration of gases or vapors e.g. carbon dioxide, within a sample.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is not subject to contamination and accurately determines the concentration of gas or vapor within the sample.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the gas analyzer.    Source (20)    Detector (30)    Filter (40)    Optical path (50)    Housing (60)    First housing section (62)    Second housing section (64)    Gas channels (66, 68)
NOVELTY - An apparatus for carrying out reactions with heterogeneous catalysis by forcing a suitable reaction mixture under a pressure drop through a stack (20) of thin, compressed catalyst layers (10, 10') of large surface area. The layers have educt and product ducts (12, 16), end plates, with feed and/or discharge pipe(s) connected to ducts, and an edge seal (20) at the edge or on the surface running across the direction of the stack of each layer.    USE - For e.g. the generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbons or alcohol, especially by reforming methanol, or for converting carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide in the hydrogen shift reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Weight and cost are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for methods of producing the edge seal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a stack of parallel catalyst layers.    Catalyst layers (10, 10')    Educt ducts (12)    Distribution ducts (14)    Collecting ducts connected to 2 catalyst layers (14')    Product ducts (16)    Stack (20)    Edge seal (30)
NOVELTY - Use of grafted polymers as gas hydrate inhibitors is new.    USE - For preventing or reducing the formation of gas molecules such as CO2 or hydrocarbons, e.g. 1-4 C alkanes, and water in crude oil and natural gas pipelines.    ADVANTAGE - The polymers can be easily manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included or a process for preventing or reducing the formation of gas hydrates in liquid or gaseous systems by adding a grafted polymer to the system.
NOVELTY - A multi-element durable composite fertilizer is prepared from biological bacterial fertilizer, organic fertilizer, ammonium humate fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and a durable synergistic agent through mixing organic fertilizer (60-80 %), digestive bacteria (1-5 %) and filler, fermenting, ammonifying brown coal or peat (60-80 %) and ammonium dicarbonate, proportionally mixing bacterial straw with culture medium, bio-fermentation, and mixing all components proportionally.
NOVELTY - A method for realizing intelligent agriculture by garbage conversion features that the garbage and excrements pass through selecting, crushing, fine selecting, biological converting by adding biological bacteria, and screening to obtain special fertilizer, and the seeds of flower, fruit and vegetable go through sterilizing in dedicated container, special fertilizer application, sprouting, seedlingand cultivating. Its advantages include less possessed ground, high fertility, high quality of flower, fruit and vegetable, and no secondary pollution.
NOVELTY - High-nitrogen, high-phosphorus fertilizer is produced from animal wastes using process which retains nitrogen and phosphorus and destroys parasites and pathogenic bacteria.    USE - The process preserves nitrogen and phosphorus from original animal waste in the form of relatively water-insoluble ammonium magnesium phosphate, which provides slow release of N and P into the ground when the product is used a fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for producing a slow release ammonium magnesium phosphate fertilizer from animal manure comprises:    (a) forming a mixture of animal manure and calcined soft burned dolomite added in an amount to raise the temperature of the mixture to above 100degreesC upon hydration and in excess of the amount necessary to react with the phosphate values in the manure;    (b) adding water to the mixture, the calcined dolomite being hydrated and the temperature of the mixture raised to above 100degreesC, thereby destroying parasites and undesirable bacteria, while ammonia is released from the mixture;    (c) absorbing the ammonia in an aqueous acidic medium, forming an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt;    (d) adjusting the pH of the mixture to 7-7.5; and    (e) inoculating the mixture with an aqueous suspension of natural guano and anaerobically fermenting the mixture to produce a fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Invention can be readily used at pig fattening farms of agricultural complex in extreme northern regions. Plasma that takes shape of spirals due to conditions of its removal through concentric holes in opposite face wall is formed with portion-wise supply of methane with tritium-replaced hydrogen at temperature of 2500-3000 C. Whirl movement of plasma crossing lithium-beryllium bars initiates electric current in them which leads to conversion of thermal energy of electrons and high-energy ions to electric power. Evaporation of substance from surface of spirals results in their reactive pressing against linear discharge between pulse electrodes of capacitor bank. High-energy ions and neutrons acts on material of lithium and beryllium shells and reproduce tritium which replaces protium in methane which means that tritium is reproduced. Near opposite wall plasma is converted to vapor with non-condensing impurities in the form of CO2 and He and forms fur coat close to surface of lithium shell diminishing cooling of plasma. Multiple repetition of microbursts in arc of arc electrode with evaporation of lithium with high repetition of microbursts provided by supply of methane ensures reproduction of tritium. Fast neutrons emerging with fusion of nuclei of tritium with high penetrating capacity act on lithium and beryllium of shells of heat exchanger. Arc electrodes are consumable material of low-temperature nuclear reaction.    USE - Recovery of agricultural waste with generation of power and heat.    ADVANTAGE - High reliability of supply of agricultural complex with heat and power. 1 cl, 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Methane tank has hermetically sealed reservoir with gas accumulating throat, partition wall which is concentrically and coaxially attached inside reservoir to its upper part so as to divide reservoir into outer and inner fermentation chambers. Partition wall does not reach reservoir bottom. Methane tank is further provided with branch pipe for supplying liquefied organic wastes to outer chamber, pipe for discharging fermented sediment from inner chamber, and pipe for discharging biogas from outer and inner chambers. Reservoir is made spherical and partition wall is formed as truncated cone with larger base oriented downward. Methane tank of such construction may be used for sequential staged anaerobic fermentation of different kinds of organic wastes, such as manure or bird dung to produce organic fertilizers and fusible gas.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency by stabilized operation of methane tank, simplified manufacture process and operation and reduced heat loss. 2 dwg
NOVELTY - Method involves preparing raw material; sowing microbial culture; exposing plant wastes to pulsed thermal treatment; providing fermentation and pasteurization. Source of enzyme preparations sown into prepared raw material is mixture of cultures of microorganisms comprising yeast, bacteria and fungi producing ferments possessing amylolytic and cellulosolytic properties. Biomass obtained is subjected to fermentation and pasteurization involving pulsed heating performed 3-5 times, with following reducing of temperature to 30 C. Microorganism culture contains Sacharomyces cerevisial diataficus yeasts, Acinetobacter bacteria and Pyroporus Squamosus Endomycopsis fibuliger mycelium fungi. Apparatus has horizontal vessel mounted for rotation on hollow shaft, pressure source, recirculation airduct made in the form of pipe which connects vessel outlet end to pressure source inlet end. Airduct is equipped with fresh air supply regulating device controlled by oxygen sensor and ai r pressure restrictor. Vessel rotation shaft has two cantilevered hollow halves connected via heater made in the form of flat hollow member rigidly fixed to shaft halves and connected to delivery side of pressure source and recirculation airduct inlet. Outer contour of this member is configured in accordance with that of vessel inner surface and is provided with brush-type edge adapted for cleaning the vessel. Method and apparatus may be used for processing of plant wastes of different origin including plant growing wastes, flour-milling, food-processing, alcoholic and brewing industry wastes, and allows feed additives with increased protein content to be produced.    USE - Agriculture, in particular, feed production.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency in producing protein feed additives and wasteless technology. 6 cl, 1 dwg, 2 ex
NOVELTY - Natural gas processing into pure ethane, methane fraction, and long fraction of light hydrocarbons involves multistage low-temperature condensation of cooled gas followed by separation of resulting gas stream, throttling, refrigeration in turbo-expander, and rectification to yield methane and ethane fractions.    USE - Natural gas processing.    ADVANTAGE - Increased purity of ethane fraction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - According to invention, crude gas is divided into two streams at volume ratio 13: 37, the first stream is cooled by methane fraction and the second one is conveyed into heat exchangers of lower column of demethanizer, after which combined cooled gas stream is transferred to separation unit and separated gas once again is divided into two streams at volume ratio 1:4 The first stream is cooled by methane fraction and the second one in turbo-expander, after which both are subjected to common multistage rectification in demethanizer consisting of upper and lower columns, temperature gradient between middle and lower sections of lower column being maintained constant and not exceeding 25degreesC.
NOVELTY - Air with moisture content below saturated humidity is passed into fermenter in which dewatered sludge and garbage are fermented and aerated. The aerated air with odor component (OC) is condensed by contacting with water ejected from composting apparatus for stripping OC and dust from the moisture-enriched air. Deodorized air after stripping is set to preset moisture content and recirculated for aeration.    USE - For treating odor ejected during processing of organic wastes such as feces, urine or sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Deodorization cost is reduced, as use of chemical agents and activated carbon is eliminated. The odor concentration is reduced, by re-circulating air with saturated humidity, after removal of odor and dust.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for odor treatment system which has a fermenter where methane fermentation of organic waste is carried out, and liquid contact tower where liquid-contact of the air ejected from composting apparatus, containing odor component and dust, is carried out. A return line is provided through which at least one part of deodorizing air with low moisture content, is recirculated.
NOVELTY - Method involves aerating the contents of fermentation tank by using air containing moisture less than saturation quantity. The air generated from fermentation tank, as a result of aeration, containing dust and odor components, is brought in contact with the exhaust gas generated from sewage treatment tank.    USE - For composting apparatus, handling organic waste e.g. urine, feces, garbage.    ADVANTAGE - Since contact or gas from fermentation tank and exhaust gas from sewage treatment tank is done, effective odor removal is ensured. Minimizes use of deodorizing agent and hence work simplification is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for odor treatment system which mixes activated sludge with the gas generated from fermentation tank. The gas mixture is then condensed by a suitable cooling unit. The pure air free from odor is recirculated to the fermentation tank.
NOVELTY - A moisture content regulation material consists of curled cylindrical chip (1) obtained by slicing timber along the slanting direction of heartwood. Moisture content regulation material is mixed with organic refuse, agricultural leftovers and livestock wastes to form compost.    USE - For processing organic refuse, garbage disposals, agriculture leftovers and livestock.    ADVANTAGE - The moisture content regulation material is novel and provides increase in temperature during compost production by rotting down process. The moisture content regulation material efficiently produces compost. Sterilization effect of the moisture content regulation material against microorganism, is excellent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows expanded perspective diagram of regulator material.    Chip (1)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus (1) comprises a heater to maintain predetermined temperature, and stirrer to stir the reaction vessel (2) to which organic refuse is supplied. The reaction vessel occupies a part of the apparatus. The inner surface of the reaction vessel contains heat retention panel (5) comprising a heat and corrosion resistant plate whose outer surface contains heat insulating material.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Temperature of the reaction vessel is maintained without the need for a double structure. The apparatus structure is simplified and cost of the apparatus is minimized. Release of heat to the outside is inhibited by arranging heat source between panel surface and heat insulating material, and moisture content evaporation is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principle part structure of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse processing apparatus (1)    Reaction vessel (2)    Heat retention panel (5)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse decomposition promoter comprises ceramic component such as silica or alumina, and mineral component such as sodium, potassium and magnesium of grain size 50-500 microns, at a ratio of 1-5:9-5.    USE - For accelerating decomposition of organic refuse such as wooden fragments and wooden organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The promoter enables absorption of water content from organic refuse and accelerates breeding of microorganisms, to decompose organic refuse. The promoter easily and uniformly spreads on wooden fragment or wooden organic refuse, without forming lumps, for accelerating decomposition. The promoter improves breeding of microorganism due to increased surface area, micronized structure and 100% or more of porosity. The sintering of promoter at 800-1300 degreesC, improves the propagation of microorganisms reliably, thereby improving decomposition of organic refuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse decomposition promoter manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - A microbial bed for garbage disposals comprises a mixture of alkali retention materials such as grain like coral or its processed goods and fermentation processed material containing saw dust having fermentation microbe, chaff, coffee dregs, ceramic grain and particulate material.    USE - For decomposing garbage of organic refuse ejected from home, restaurant and hospital.    ADVANTAGE - The garbage is decomposed effectively using microbial bed having favorable condition for propagation of fermentation microbe. The microbial bed deodorizes bad smell of organic refuse.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has multiple stirring blades (17) radially mounted along the direction of stirring shaft (16) which is provided horizontally in treatment tank containing micro-organism medium. The blades are arranged in bilateral symmetry, and are arranged in right and left of stirring shaft facing both inward and outward directions.    USE - In garbage disposer to degrade waste e.g. leaving of meal, foodstuff, meat, fish and vegetable.    ADVANTAGE - The stirring shaft with multiple stirring blades is installed horizontally in treatment tank. This solves the stirring circulation of organic refuse and microorganism medium. The medium is exposed sufficiently to air and high temperature, aerobic bacteria is activated to accelerate volume reduction of organic refuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stirring apparatus has organic refuse insertion opening (12) provided in the upper center portion of treatment tank. A drive and two types of stirring blades are provided to stirring shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the layout and graph of stirring blade of stirring apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic refuse insertion opening (12)    Stirring shaft (16)    Stirring blade (17)
NOVELTY - Catalytic reactor (14) has carrier (13) with honeycomb structure on its main body, for carrying carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst, which oxidizes carbon monoxide in a heating gas and heating unit (15) for cooling and heating main body of catalytic reactor. The catalytic reactor reduces carbon monoxide concentration in heating gas (for fuel cells), formed by steam reforming of hydrocarbon.    USE - The catalytic reactor is used for fuel cells and fuel cell system (claimed), used for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature inside the catalytic reactor can be maintained appropriately. The carrier having honeycomb structure has excellent heat-conducting characteristics, thereby the heat-conducting characteristics of catalytic reactor is increased. Carbon monoxide concentration can be reduced efficiently. Reduction in reaction efficiency and catalyst amount are prevented. Abrasion of catalyst of construction element by vibration is prevented. The heating efficiency of heating unit is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) a carrier used for catalytic reactor; and    (ii) fuel cell system, which comprises hydrocarbon reformer for performing steam reforming of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide remover with catalytic reactor for reducing carbon monoxide concentration in heating gas, obtained from hydrocarbon reformer and fuel cell for generating electricity using heating gas, which is passed through carbon monoxide remover.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire perspective view and top view of catalytic reactor for fuel cells.    Carrier (13)    Catalytic reactor (14)    Heating unit (15)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell (3) is connected to mixing tank (9). Water is reclaimed from fuel cell by condenser (5) and supplied to mixing tank. Amount of liquor in mixing tank is set higher than required amount. Fuel and mixed liquor are supplied to evaporator (11) which is connected to modifier (1). Supply of water and fuel to evaporator are adjusted, and fuel supply to evaporator is limited temporarily.    USE - To generate electrical power.    ADVANTAGE - Improvement in electricity generation efficiency, and long life of system is attained. Water requirement of mixed gas is supplemented by supplying reclaimed water of exhaust line of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of fuel cell system.    Modifier (1)    Fuel cell (3)    Condenser (5)    Mixing tank (9)    Evaporator (11)
NOVELTY - Mixing an organic waste with photophilic/thermophilic microorganism, and filling the mixture in an air-tight chamber, is new.. An optical energy is provided to the organic waste and the organic waste is fermented and decomposed by the microorganism, to obtain compost.    USE - For forming compost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste composting apparatus which comprises air tight chambers. At least the ceiling side of air-tight chamber is formed by light transmission material. A perforated panel is distributed in a crevice at the bottom portion of an air-tight chamber. The gas piping is distributed between the bottom crevice between the perforated panels, and the ceiling side of air-tight chamber.
NOVELTY - Two or more types of isolated microorganisms with high degradation velocity is added to the reaction system containing organic compounds, to increase the efficiency of biodegradation.    USE - For degradation of sewage waste and contaminated soil.    ADVANTAGE - Degradation and purification are effectively performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for biodegradation of organic compounds using microorganisms.
NOVELTY - A halo-tolerant Staphylococcus sp. CH-4 which is resistant to a waste liquor of high salt concentration of at least 3.5 %w/v containing organic matter under neutral or aerobic condition and has an activity of decomposing organic matter and is coagulase negative.    USE - The method can be used for the treatment of waste liquors from manufacture of pickled ume, various marine products and fermentation products.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for the treatment of a waste liquor of high salt concentration in which the above halo-tolerant Staphylococcus CH-4 is added to a waste liquor of high salt concentration of at least 3.5 %w/v containing organic matter under neutral condition and said organic matter is treated under aerobic condition.
NOVELTY - Contaminated gas flow containing gas and/or particulate contaminants is purified by contacting the contaminated gas flow counter currently with a jet of microorganisms containing scrubbing liquid, recovering the scrubbing liquid in a vessel, and draining part of the liquid off the vessel and compensating the drained part with fresh liquid.    USE - For purifying contaminated gas flow, which contains gaseous and/or particulate contaminants.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently purifies the contaminated gas flow, and allows biological treatment of the absorbed contaminants. The microorganisms are not destroyed in the course of the absorption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Purification of a contaminated gas flow containing gaseous and/or particle contaminants comprises:    (a) contacting the contaminated gas flow counter currently with a jet of microorganisms containing scrubbing liquid to enhance absorption of gaseous and particulate contaminants in the scrubbing liquid;    (b) recovering the scrubbing liquid in a vessel; and    (c) draining part of the liquid off the vessel and compensating the drained part with fresh liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a reverse jet scrubbing reactor.    Water sump (1)    First gas duct (2)    Second gas duct (3)    Nozzle (5)    Froth-zone (6)
NOVELTY - Preparing a soil conditioner comprises supplying air into a sealed space containing a mixture of undecomposed plant- or animal-originating organic matter and peat (70% moisture) so that the temperature rises to 70-75degreesC, maintaining the air supply to keep the temperature over 70degreesC for 24 hours, then reducing the pressure by 100-500Pa and suppling air until the moisture content less than 50%.    USE - The method is useful for preparing a soil conditioner from undecomposed plant and animal matter and peat.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for carrying out the method.
NOVELTY - Decomposing a refractory, hazardous substance by contacting the substance with laccase or microbes that produce laccase, is new.    USE - The method is for the decomposition of refractory hazardous substances with laccase and/or its producing microbes as the decomposing agent for transformation to non-hazardous materials e.g. in treating harmful substances in exhaust gases, sewage, chemicals and ash generated during and after incineration of garbage, contaminated soil, particularly to rid of pesticides, industrial chemicals, and detergents from paper and pulp industries as well as other production industries.    ADVANTAGE - The refractory, hazardous substances can be converted into non-hazardous materials with laccase efficiently, particularly through culturing microbes being excellent in stable production of the enzyme.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Decomposing a refractory, hazardous substance by contacting the substance with laccase or its producing microbes.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (i) a method for decomposing dioxins by contacting dioxins or coplanar PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) and laccase or/and its producing microbes in water or soil;    (ii) a decomposing agent selected from laccase and its producing microbes;    (iii) similar decomposing agent containing laccase-immobilized support or/and microbes producing the laccase together with a support; and    (iv) another decomposing agent containing laccase-immobilized on magnetic microparticles.
NOVELTY - An article of regulated waste is treated by providing the article having acid polymer(s) and contaminant(s). At least a portion of the article is dissolved in a disposal liquid, thus creating a waste mixture comprising waste solids and the disposal liquid. The waste solids are then treated.    USE - For treating an article of regulated waste, e.g. infectious waste generated at hospitals and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides ways that regulated waste streams can be managed. By degrading hazardous articles into smaller pieces, one is able to better treat the article chemically. The material that is obtained is greatly reduced in volume, and is more readily disposed.
NOVELTY - A bioremediating composition comprises an inoculum of Marasmiellus troyanus strain no. 216-1867, at least one source of nutrient and an alginate carrier.    USE - The composition of Marasmiellus troyanus is used for remediating polluted medium e.g. by degrading a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzo(a)pyrene to water soluble metabolites.    ADVANTAGE - The Marasmiellus troyanus has the capacity to degrade chemical pollutant of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon to water-soluble metabolites, and mineralize benzo(a)pyrene encapsulated within the carrier.
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises a fuel fill pocket (52) which is connected with an engine fuel tank by a refueling line. A nozzle (66) which is connected to the fuel filling station, is slidably received by the pocket. A hydrogen input line (68) in filling station is communicably connected with the refueling line (56). The mating ports in the nozzle and the pocket send signals to the controller.    USE - For refueling electrochemical engine in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of filling pocket enables to save packaging space. Provision of door prevents contamination. Insertion of nozzle into pocket prevents misalignment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel filling pocket is provided with a door. A deionize water fill line (58) and input line (70) are respectively provided in the pocket and to nozzle coolant supply also carried out through the nozzle and the pocket. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for refueling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the refilling nozzle and pocket.    fuel fill pocket (52)    Refueling line (56)    Deionize water line (58)    Nozzle (66)    Hydrogen input line (68,70)
NOVELTY - Disintegrator has a body with inlet and outlet connections, installed in the body axis is a rotor with blind holes on its cylindrical surface engageable through an annular duct with the holes on the inner cylindrical surface of the body. The body outlet connection is connected to the bell mouth of the scroll, whose plane part is made with a pipe perpendicular to it. A flat spiral is positioned in the pipe cavity. The pipe communicates with a jet-type pump, whose rarefaction chamber is coupled to the collector vapor section, and the liquid section of the collector communicates with the pipe connection of the disintegrator cavity formed by concentric perforated rings and the body, isolated from its inlet and outlet sections and communicating with the liquid section of the collector, and through it, with the next stages of the disintegrator and collectors. The collector of the disintegrator last stage communicates with the inlet chamber of the electrolysis plant, whose cathode section is connected to the deuterium collector, and the anode one - to the oxygen collector. The inlet connection of the disintegrator first stage is connected through a centrifugal microfilter to a biofilter divided by distillation perforated partitions into sections, accommodating an abrasive grainy immobilization head. The biofilter sections communicate with an air blower.    USE - Disintegration of municipal sewage water at its purification and salvaging, and production of biofertilizers, biogas and deuterium from this water.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced efficiency of thermal effect on the process of disintegration of sewage water. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Invention relates to bioconversion of plant waste.    USE - Biotechnology, agriculture microbiology.    ADVANTAGE - Improved method of preparing, enhanced effectiveness of biopreparation. 11 cl, 1 tbl, 5 ex    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Invention relates to bioconversion of plant waste. Consortium of bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus 384-5KS is stored in collection of microorganisms of enclosed joint-stock Bioflora at number B-04. Preparation formulation based on consortium is developed and can be used for composting plant material and stubble decomposition. Preparation has, %: consortium of the above indicated bacteria grown in liquid nutrient medium and taken in the amount 25-30; carbamide, 0.7-7.0; dry algae or their alginates, 0.5-3.5; potassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.0005-0.03; trace elements B, Zn, Mg, Mn, Mo, Cu, Co as chelates taken in the equal amounts and in the total concentration 0.0001-0.003; surface-active substance, 0.001-0.05; sodium benzoate, calcium propionate, ascorbic acid as stabilizing agents taken in the equal amounts, 0.001-0.01. Preparation improves the composition of soil microflora, it shows fungicide properties, its composition provides ecological purity and safety. Preparation is useful as component in making soil-improving compositions.
NOVELTY - Biohumus module has upper hollow cylinder with cover, lower hollow cylinder designed for collecting ready product and provided with discharge window. Flat supporting ring is positioned between upper and lower cylinders. Heater is disposed under supporting ring and discharge mechanism is disposed above it.    USE - Biohumus module may be used for preparing organic fertilizer in farms or home's grounds.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency and simplified construction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Biohumus module has upper hollow cylinder with cover, lower hollow cylinder designed for collecting ready product and provided with discharge window. Flat supporting ring is positioned between upper and lower cylinders. Heater is disposed under supporting ring and discharge mechanism is disposed above it. Aeration openings are made in walls of upper and lower cylinders. Perforated air duct is mounted axially of both cylinders. Such construction provides optimum living conditions for worms in winter.
NOVELTY - Complex has sorting stations and anaerobic fermentation system. Complex is further provided with waste detoxifying system connected to slag delivery main pipeline of anaerobic fermentation system.    USE - Equipment for industrial reprocessing of solid domestic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency, wider operational capabilities, enhanced reliability in operation and improved quality of final product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Complex of such construction provides processing of domestic wastes or those equated to domestic wastes to obtain final product, such as soil-forming material free of toxic substances.
NOVELTY - Coolant composition for refrigeration system comprises coolant and surfactant.    USE - Refrigeration industry.    ADVANTAGE - Lower power consumption or refrigerating plant, higher wear resistance of piston pair of refrigerating plant and greater efficiency of compressor operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Surfactant is a isobutane derivative with halogen-containing organic substituents of general formula:    XC(CR'nR''m(OR''')p)2CF(R'i(OR''')q    X = F, Cl, Br, I, H    R' = -OCH2(CF2CF2)kH, -OCkH2k+1    R'' = -OCH2(CF2CF2)kH, -OCkH2k+1, -O(CH2)nCkF2k+1    R''' = -CH2(CF2CF2)kH, -CkH2k+1, -(CH2)nCkF2k+1    or methane tricarboxylic acid nonaester of unsymmetrical structure of general formula:    RC(H2-n)X)OR'    provided that at least R' is other than defined above, or derivative of halogenated ethers of fluorolefins and alcohols of general formula: or mixture of said compounds in effective amount.    Coolant includes at least one compound selected from group consisting of dichlorodifluoromethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, mono chlorodifluoromethane, dichloromonofluoromethane, 1-chlorine-1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,1,2- tetrafluorochloroethane, pentafluoroethane, trifluoromethane, octafluorocyclobutane, octafluoropropane, propane, isobutane, or mixture thereof.
NOVELTY - Extraction and separation of poly-3-hydroxy alkanoic acid (PHA) from a microorganism cell involves adding a bivalent salt and/or a surfactant, and an extraction solvent to a microorganism cell suspension containing PHA. The undissolved cell residue is removed from the solution containing PHA by aggregation.    USE - For extracting and separating PHA from a microorganism cell.    ADVANTAGE - PHA of high purity is obtained easily, efficiently and economically by the above mentioned method. Undissolved cell residue is removed easily from solution containing PHA by aggregation.
NOVELTY - A large volume open-type fermenter comprising a truck containing a rotary agitator to stir sediment in the fermenter which sits on a long wall on one side of the fermenter, where a wheel which operates a truck on the rail is connected to the opposite side of the fermenter that is open, is new.    USE - For fermentation of organic waste, especially livestock excrement, and for the manufacture of compost.    ADVANTAGE - Organic waste can be deposited into the fermenter from any position along the long open side. The sediments on one end of the pit are made to move to the other end by the reciprocating agitator, mixed uniformly and compost is removed constantly from one end of the fermenter. Power consumption is reduced and efficiency of large volume fermenter for emptying the compost and for fermentation, is improved. A moisture-content adjusting material may be injected into the fermenter during the process, to the open side. The agitator reliably mixes the added components. The compost can be taken out from the same place as the waste injection position, through the open side. The fermenter is compact, inexpensive and simple to maintain.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the open-type fermentation treatment of organic waste, where organic waste is deposited to a desired part in the fermenter through the open side and is repeatedly stirred by a reciprocating truck with an agitator and subjected to fermentation for predetermined time. The compost formed at a fixed position in the fermenter is taken out through the open side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic top elevation view of fermentation apparatus. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Open fermenter (1)    Long wall (1a)    Open side (2)    Rail (3)    Wheel (4)    Truck (6)    Processing apparatus (P)
NOVELTY - An axially movable bearing (37) and a coil spring (38) are housed in a support (36) fixed to one side wall (17) of a fermentation chamber (6). A rotary shaft (31) is detachedly fixed between a rotary mechanism (10) and the support. The spring moves the bearing axially for detachment of the rotary shaft fixed with the stirring blade. The rotating mechanism rotates the rotary shaft.    USE - For processing organic refuse generated in home etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enables smooth insertion and removable of the rotary shaft due to provision of spring activated axially movable bearing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective cross-sectional view of the organic refuse processing device. (Drawing includes non-English language).    Fermentation chamber (6)    Rotating mechanism (10)    Opposite side wall (19)    Rotary shaft (31)    Support (36)    Movable bearing (37)    Coil spring (38)
NOVELTY - White-rot fungi which decomposes difficult-to-decompose substances, is cultured in a culture medium containing paper as base material.    USE - Cultured white-rot fungi is useful for decomposing difficult-to-decompose substances, by mixing used paper with the substance, and covering and mixing with soil containing used paper and white-rot fungi (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The culture method is inexpensive, white-rot fungi is cultured easily and the decomposition process is carried out efficiently. Used paper can be recycled, hence the substance can be efficiently decomposed at a low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for difficult-to-decompose substance process agent containing used paper and white-rot fungi.
NOVELTY - Several cylindrical fuel cells (9) are installed in the reaction container (1) at predetermined interval. Heating gas which is supplied to the fuel cells through air supply holes (14) provided in the surface of reaction container, is ejected through the exhaust holes (19) provided in other surface of the reaction container.    USE - Solid electrolyte type fuel cell with uniform heating gas supply control function.    ADVANTAGE - Since heating gas supplied from the side of stack of fuel cell is ejected from the reaction container, heating gas of uniform concentration is supplied to the fuel cell. Hence, equal electromotive force is generated in the whole surface of the fuel cell, thereby reducing electric power loss and increasing the output electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solid electrolyte type fuel cell. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Reaction container (1)    Fuel cells (9)    Air supply holes (14)    Exhaust holes (19)
NOVELTY - Disc shaped rotors (3A,3C) and housings (2A,2C) with Auto rotation prohibition units (4A,4C), are coupled via coupling shafts (41A,41C). The eccentricity of revolution sections (412A,412C) of shafts is set as same amount as eccentricity of revolution sections (51A,51C) of drive shaft (5). A detector (8) detecting rotation condition of auto-rotation section (411C), is provided to coupling shaft end.    USE - For air supply to fuel battery cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables rotation detection of drive shaft without receiving the influence of heat transfer from drive shaft.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Movable scrolls (32A,33A,32C,33C) in the shape of a whirl are formed on the disc face of rotors. Fixed scrolls (24A,25A,24C,25C) of the shape of whirl are formed on the housing face opposing the movable scrolls and the rotor is held rotatably in the revolution section of the drive shaft. The compressor discharges by making the rotor permit only revolution of the circumference of the auto-rotation section (50) of drive shaft according to the auto-rotation prohibition unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an entire cross sectional view of the scroll compressor.    Housing (2A,2C)    Rotor (3B,3C)    Auto rotation prohibition units (4A,4C)    Drive shaft (5)    Detector (8)    Fixed scrolls (24A,25A,24C,25C)    Movable scrolls (32A,33A,32C,33C)    Coupling shaft (41A,41C)    Auto-rotation section (50,411C)    Revolution section of drive shaft (51A,51C)    Revolution section (412A,412C)
NOVELTY - Refuse stirring in organic refuse processing apparatus, involves supplying organic refuse and micro-organism decomposition agent (1b) and then stirring the contents. A screw vane (2) on the main shaft of the container has small acicular protrusions (2b) of different dimensions. The ends of screw vane is folded in T-shape.    USE - For stirring and processing organic refuse in domestic works.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents dumpling-like structure because of moisture content, since the screw vane with protrusion is provided. Increases decomposition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Micro-organism decomposition agent (1b)    Screw vane (2)
NOVELTY - A garbage disposer has stirring claws suspended horizontally in the center of the fermenter (1). An exhaust outlet (1b) and overflow hole (1i) of the fermenter, are provided on the same side in the lower and upper portions of the fermenter, respectively. A recovery tray (29) collects the processed material which overflows from the overflow hole and exhaust outlet.    USE - The apparatus is useful for the decomposition of organic waste ejected from a kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The usage space for tray is reduced, as it is integrated on the same side of fermenter. The length of the organic refuse apparatus is shortened and the installation cost is reduced. The organic refuse process machine is smaller and therefore maintenance of the apparatus is easier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of the fermenter.    Fermenter (1)    Exhaust outlet (1b)    Overflow hole (1i)    Recovery tray (29)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus controls operation of heaters (38) and stirrers provided in the containers (11,12). Sensors (47) are provided to detect the temperature of the containers. The control procedures are stored in the memory unit (52) of the controller.    USE - To treat organic refuse ejected from places e.g. school, enterprise, restaurant, hospital.    ADVANTAGE - The control procedure is selected suitably, according to feed process, fertilizer formation process and disappearance process depending on the necessity. The time and effort taken to transfer the content to secondary tank after completion of primary fermentation is saved by controlling the operation in containers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each cylindrical container has an insertion opening and recovery opening. The opening is closed with a cover which is supported rotatably by support pillars. The height position of opening changes depending on the rotation of container. Each container with obstructed ends are provided with liquid spraying unit. The support pillars support such that the center of rotation is leveled approximately.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of control system of multipurpose organic refuse.    Containers (11,12)    Heaters (38)    Sensors(52) Memory unit (47)
NOVELTY - Mineral reinforcing fertilizer, produced by collecting nekton, such as calcareous and silicic acid-containing plankton, algae and sea weed, and mixing with crystalline fossil shells, is new. The mixture is mixed with an organic waste (OW) containing humus to adjust the water-content of the mixture and the odor is absorbed by fossil shells. The mixture is subjected to aerobic fermentation.    USE - As a fertilizer for preventing diseases and pest damage of crops e.g. in paddy fields.    ADVANTAGE - The fossil shells effectively adsorb odor, by adsorbing water in organic waste. The heated fossil shells have improved absorptivity by increased porosity. The countless pores in fossil shells effectively accelerate fermentation process. Therefore, environmental pollution by accumulation of wastes is prevented, as the odorous and waste material, such as livestock wastes are composted. The fertilizer neutralizes soil and improves soil-mineral content as the fossil shells act as a weak alkali. The formulation effectively evades mineral deficiency in soil diseases and damage by insect pests.
NOVELTY - Waste drain with high biological oxygen demand (BOD) component and normal hexane extract is passed through filter tank (4) filled with crushed liparite to perform aerobic and anaerobic process. Subsequently, the treated water is passed to activated sludge tank (8) and subjected to aeration. The treated sludge is circulated at least twice to tank (8) and concentration of BOD and hexane is reduced.    USE - For treating waste water containing high concentration of biological oxygen demand component and hexane extract.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolysis process in the treatment is performed effectively and the corrosion of electrode during the heat generation is minimized. The BOD component, oil component, nitrogen and phosphorus content are removed effectively. The treated water is free from nitrogen and ammonia.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for treating waste drain containing high concentration of BOD component. The waste water containing high concentration of BOD and n-hexane was passed to an raw water tank (1). The equalization tank sends the fixed quantity of raw water to precipitation tank (14). A filter tank unit containing crushed liparite precipitates the suspended solids. Treatment tanks which receives the treated water of activated sludge tank aerates the water by aerator. Anaerobic denitrification tank (13) is placed next to the treatment tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart of method of purification of waste drain containing high concentration of BOD component.    Raw water tank (1)    Filter tank (4)    Activated sludge tank (8)    Denitrification tank (13)    Precipitation tank (14)
NOVELTY - A catalytic reaction device (11) consists of a porous metal sintered compact carrier (7) which carries carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst (8). The catalyst oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in heating gas (formed by steam reformation of hydrocarbon), thereby reducing concentration of carbon monoxide concentration in the heating gas.    USE - For fuel cells used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Contacting efficiency of heating gas and CO oxidation catalyst is increased. CO is oxidized and removed effectively. Manufacture of catalyst carrier is simple and economic, as the carrier is produced by sintering a metallic material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system. The fuel cell system comprises hydrocarbon reforming part for carrying out steam reforming of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide removal part (4) for reducing concentration of carbon monoxide in the heating gas (10) formed at reforming part. A fuel cell carries out electricity generation using the heating gas and the CO removal part has catalytic reaction device for oxidizing CO contained in heating gas. The catalyst reaction device has porous sintered metal compact carrying CO oxidation catalyst (8).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the catalytic reaction device for fuel cells and its expanded view.    Carbon monoxide removal part (4)    Carrier (7)    CO oxidation catalyst (8)    Catalyst reaction device (11)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of water-soluble organic fertilizer involves decomposition of raw material containing high concentration of organic components by passing air-bubbles and maintaining bubbling for a specific amount of time.    USE - For producing water-soluble organic fertilizer such as liquid composite and liquid fertilizers.    ADVANTAGE - The organic liquid fertilizer is obtained without adding harmful chemicals. The compost can be manufactured in a short time. The apparatus can be used for both manufacturing fertilizers and waste water treatment. The apparatus can also be used for decomposition of surfactant in waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for water-soluble organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus. The apparatus comprises a decomposition tank (2), air nozzle (21), scavenging pipe (22), exhaust tube (24) and filter (23). The nozzle (21) is attached near the decomposition tank base. The exhaust tube for exhaust gases is attached to the upper part of the tank, the scavenging tube for excess air is attached to the nozzle and the filter is attached to the exhaust pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of water-soluble organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus.    Decomposition tank (2)    Air-bubble nozzle (21)    Scavenging tube (22)    Filter (23)    Exhaust tube (24)
NOVELTY - Fermentation apparatus has a crusher (3) to crush an organic waste to be fermented in an aerobic fermenter (6). The fermented organic waste is stored into different sized granules. A mix agitator (4) is provided to receive grains other than fine granules from classifier (8) for continuous mixing, and supplies it to fermenter.    USE - For fermenting organic waste such as scum from sewage works or meat processing field.    ADVANTAGE - Since the impurities such as plastic product wastes are crushed, adherence and jamming is prevented and hence maintenance management is improved. Since the grains other than fine granules are supplied to mix agitator as a supplement material, the amount of supplement raw materials for moisture absorption is reduced and hence moisture content of the fermented waste is adjusted without use of separate supplement materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A supplement hopper is provided to supply supplement materials such as sawdust, wood chip, chaff and paper pieces to the mix agitator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of fermentation apparatus.    Crusher (3)    Mix agitator (4)    Aerobic fermenter (6)    Classifier (8)
NOVELTY - The pH of waste water is adjusted in pH adjustment tank (1) and sent to an anaerobic waste water treatment installation (3). A circulating pump (5) is provided so as to return a portion of the treated water stored in the process water tank (4) either to the pH adjustment tank or anaerobic waste water treatment apparatus.    USE - Anaerobic waste water treatment installation.    ADVANTAGE - A stable waste water treatment is implemented by combination of the lesser and greater circulation systems. Since a lesser circulation system is used, the ON-OFF operation of the freezing countermeasure which is the fault of a greater circulation system and a circulation line is eliminated. The countermeasure trouble which is the fault of lesser circulation system is eliminated by switching to a greater circulation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Fig. 1: A block diagram of the anaerobic waste water treatment installation.    Adjustment tank (1)    Treatment installation (3)    Water tank (4)    Circulating pump (5)
NOVELTY - A mesh-like cylindrical drum (5) is rotated by a motor (8) inside a treatment tank (2). A filter medium (6) fixed with microorganism, is layered on inner wall of the rotating drum. A clogging sensor (16) detects flow rate of waste water through the filter medium or through a detection sensor (15) which detects thickness of the filter medium.    USE - For treatment of waste water with ground organic waste ejected from residential kitchen, hotels, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces initial and running cost due to simple structure. Enhances operability of the device due to easy removal of solid waste adhered to the filter medium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of waste water treatment device.    Treatment tank (2)    Mesh-like cylindrical drum (5)    Filter medium (6)    Motor (8)    Detection sensor (15)    Clogging sensor (16)
NOVELTY - The carrier and process water flowpaths (20,22) of transfer block are arranged vertically in cylinder (18) mounted in tank (12). Micro-organism carrier and water mixture are separated by separation screen (26). Mixed water is guided to tank based on air supplied to path (20). Process water is ejected out of tank through emission channel (20). Both transfer block and screen are integrally provided in tank.    USE - For waste water treatment system using biological carrier.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies installation, as the transfer block and screen are formed together. Increases output rate of treated water by maintaining flow rate between carrier and waste water flowpath stably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Air is blown along the carrier flowpath so that amount of liquid along the carrier path is higher than the liquid level in the tank. A set of outlets are provided in the respective flowpaths. The waste water is ejected out of the tank through emission channel based on the water level difference before and after processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the carrier separation apparatus.    Tank (12)    Cylinder (18)    Flowpaths (20,22)    Separation screen (26)
NOVELTY - Waste water treatment tank (B) has a bio-cartridge (20) of aerobic bacteria in microorganism proliferation tank (B1). A contact material (21) is detachedly installed in proliferation tank to supply source of nutrition to aerobic bacteria. An air pump (16) is fitted to the proliferation tank, to supply air at specified pressure.    USE - For decomposition of organic sludge like foodstuff processing waste, stock raising waste, bio-organic waste, industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids troublesome maintenance of porous contact material, as bio-cartridge performs supplement of aerobic bacteria as no clogging is generated in the contact material which is detachedly installed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Waste water treatment tank (B) has a heater fitted at the bottom. A controller fitted at side of the tank (B1), controls temperature and pressure. A pipe (18) fitted to the side of tank (B1), replenishes spring water. A tank (B2) fitted at bottom, supplies microorganism with spring water through feed pipe (26) to the tank (B1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of principle portion of aerobic treatment apparatus.    Air pump (16)    Pipe (18)    Bio-cartridge (20)    Contact material (21)    Feed pipe (26)    Waste water treatment tank (B)    Proliferation tank (B1)    Tank (B2)
NOVELTY - Purification tank (E2) filled with water, has carriers (C2) of microorganism. Three aerators supply air bubbles to water mixed with carriers of microorganism. First two aerators supply aeration to carrier (C2) in lower portion of tank, and to third aerator in center portion of flow area in tank.    USE - For aerobic treatment of waste water in purification tank.    ADVANTAGE - Reproduction of microorganism is attempted by efficient aeration which results smooth flow of carriers due to vertical arrangement of aerators, in multiple.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the operation method of purification tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows vertical side view of purification tank.    Carrier (C2)    Purification tank (E2)
NOVELTY - Organic solids with sewage water are supplied to an acid formation tank (12), for acid formation. An ozone reaction vessel (15) is located below the acid formation tank, for ozone treatment. A pH adjustment tank (16) is provided in the downstream side of ozone reaction vessel. A biological treatment tank (17) is located adjacent to pH adjustment tank.    USE - For processing organic solid substances in sewage water.    ADVANTAGE - Acid formation and solubilizing are performed simultaneously, and the resulting organic solid substances are treated with an additional quantity of ozone. The biological sludge content is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing apparatus of organic solid substance in sewage water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Fig. 1: A block diagram of the processing method.    Acid formation tank (12)    Ozone reaction vessel (15)    pH adjustment tank (16)    Biological treatment tank (17)
NOVELTY - Microorganism carrier (I) for waste water treatment, comprising a rigid thermoplastic resin foam having a specific surface area of 5-50 m2/cm3, and a particle diameter of 2-25 mm, is new.    USE - The carrier is useful within apparatus for waste water treatment (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The waste water treatment is performed effectively using the microorganism carrier. Thus, the biological oxygen demand of the waste water is reduced effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fluid bed-type waste water treatment apparatus which is filled with 5-50% (for water phase volume of aeration tank) of microorganism carrier (I).
NOVELTY - Reformulated petrol based on alkylate benzene and methyl-tertiary butyl-ether, isobutane, 5-6C isoparaffin containing benzene is produced in a fixed bed equipment using a zeolite catalyst.    USE - Production of petrol.
NOVELTY - The plant for production of synthesis gas from natural gas and air or oxygen diluted with inert gas comprises at least one reactor for preparation of synthesis gas and at least one compressor with power turbine.    USE - Production of synthesis gas for use in production of liquid hydrocarbons by Fischer-Tropsch method, and also the synthesis of e.g. methanol or 1-6C alcohols.    ADVANTAGE - The method avoids initial stage of separation of air oxygen from nitrogen, uses nitrogen as oxygen-diluting inert gas, and uses compressor easily available and integral with gas turbine to supply oxygen necessary for partial oxidation as well as power needed for pre-heating of charge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of synthesis gas from natural gas and air, using the above production plant, in which there is no need for preliminary separation of oxygen and nitrogen contained in air and where the non-separated air is used during production of synthesis gas by partial oxidation, while air nitrogen is used as inert gas for dilution of oxygen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the installation for the production of synthesis gas.
NOVELTY - Process for removing elementary mercury from residues produced during natural gas recovery comprises separating out elementary mercury and foreign materials from the residues in a pre-separator (4); re-suspending the residues through a solvent to remove the inhibitor residues from the mercury and collecting and removing further elemental mercury; classifying fine solids and coarse solids including mercury from the re-suspension; testing the fine solids for mercury liberation and collecting the solids, optionally recycling the solids back to the re-suspending step in case the solids are not free from mercury; separating the residual mercury from the coarse solids and collecting the mercury by centrifuging; collecting coarse and fine radioactive solids; recycling inhibitor-saturated solvents to the process, and disposing of the solvents.    USE - For removing elementary mercury from residues produced during natural gas recovery.    ADVANTAGE - The mercury can be safely disposed of.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for removing elementary mercury from residues produced during natural gas recovery comprising a pre-separator (4) containing a retaining device (7) for the foreign materials and a collecting device (10) for the further transport of the residues; a mixer (24) for re-suspending the residues with solvent; a cyclone (28) having a stirrer (30) and connected to the mixer; a centrifuge (34) for separating fine materials from the solvent; and a centrifuge (40) for separating coarse solids, remaining solvent and mercury.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device for removing elementary mercury from residues produced during natural gas recovery.    pre-separator (4)    retaining device (7)    collecting device (10)    mixer (24)    cyclone (28)    stirrer (30)    centrifuge (34)    centrifuge (40)
NOVELTY - Thermally evaluating and disposal of waste gas comprises feeding the waste containing methane in a stationary fluidized bed directly over a nozzle base (4) into the fluidized inert material bed and combusting without a flame.    USE - For thermally evaluating and disposal of waste gas.    ADVANTAGE - Complete combustion of the waste gas is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Thermally evaluating and disposal of waste gas comprises feeding the waste containing methane in a stationary fluidized bed directly over a nozzle base (4) into the fluidized inert material bed heated to 850 degrees C and combusting without a flame. A supporting firing occurs at a methane concentration of less than 6 vol.%, and with a concentration of 4-6 vol.% combustion is carried out without supporting firing and with the introduction of process heat via the fresh air (up to 600 degrees C) while maintaining the operational temperature at 850 degrees C.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the waste gas evaluation and disposal. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Nozzle base (4)    Heat exchanger (12)
NOVELTY - The conversion of organic materials to methane comprises two-step process.    USE - The process is used for production of methane gas from wastes and waste waters, while also allowing purification and recycling of water as drinkable/usable water. The process is especially useful for production of methane from waste waters of the food industry, e.g., waste waters from breweries or chocolate production. It can also be useful for aiding decomposition of clarified sludges or biological wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The process improves the amount of substrate available to the methane bacteria, improves the growth rate of the bacteria, and improves the rate of conversion of organic compounds to methane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The biological conversion of organic materials to methane gas. comprises a two-step process comprising, in the first step, hydrolysis and acidification of organic materials by facultatively anaerobic bacteria. In this step, complex organic materials are degraded to fatty acids, alcohols, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, ammonia and nitrate. The second step is carried out in an anaerobic reactor and uses acetogenic bacteria and methane bacteria. These bacteria further degrade the hydrolysis products to acetic acid, methane and carbon dioxide. The improvements to this process are: (a) retention of non-reacted substrates by a membrane filter; (b) retention of the biomass by a continuously operating filter; (c) splitting up the degradation of organic substances into several biological stages; (d) control of the first step by gassing the mixture; (e) removal of solids which can not be degraded, prior to entry into the methane reactor; (f) control of the second step by regulation of the throughflow of material; and (g) separation and recycling of dissolved organic substances, after leaving the methane reactor, by membrane filtration.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has at least one fuel cell unit contained in a fuel cell box (1) and at least one Coanda flow amplifier(4,4',4''), for increasing the air flow for ventilation of the fuel cell box, a cathode gas flow or a cold-starting gas flow and/or a feedback cathode exhaust gas flow or a feedback anode exhaust gas flow.    USE - The fuel cell system is used for an electrically driven vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system has the minimum number of electrically driven components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell box (1)    Coanda flow amplifier (4,4',4'')
NOVELTY - In a fuel cell with a reformer containing a reformer chamber and a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) containing an anode chamber and anodic electrode coating, a second reformer catalyst layer is connected to the anodic electrode coating of the MEA.    USE - The product is a dual-purpose fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC), which use a mixture of methanol and water as fuel, can operate from -50 degrees C to 400 degrees C but have a lower power density than those using pure hydrogen. Placing a second catalyst layer inside the anode reaction chamber ensures that the heat of the anode is used for reforming and the anode is cooled by the endothermic reforming reaction. This corresponds to a cell with internal reformer and allows the cell to operate as DMFC, especially for cold starts, and as hydrogen fuel cell at higher temperature and/or pressure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for operating the above fuel cell. The fuel cell is operated at low pressure and/or temperature as direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) and at high pressure and/or temperature as fuel cell operating with hydrogen (PEM).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with a separator between the anodic electrode coating of the MEA and the reformer catalyst layer.    Electrolyte (1)    Active catalyst layer for anodic oxidation (2)    Active catalyst layer for cathodic reduction (3)    Separator (4)    Reformer catalyst layer (5)    Current collectors of thin carbon paper (6, 7)
NOVELTY - Recovering copper from a slurry containing sulfide minerals comprises: (a) bioleaching the slurry; (b) supplying a feed gas containing in excess of 21% oxygen by volume; and (c) recovering the copper from the bioleach residue.    USE - The method is used to isolate copper from a slurry comprising copper bearing sulfide minerals.    ADVANTAGE - The process can be worked at higher temperatures which increases the yield of minerals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method of bioleaching a slurry containing copper bearing sulfide minerals comprising:    (a) bioleaching the slurry using suitable microorganisms at 40 degreesC; and    (b) controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry within a predetermined range;    (2) a method of enhancing the oxygen mass transfer coefficient from a gas phase to a liquid phase in a sulfide mineral slurry comprising supplying a feed gas containing in excess of 21% oxygen by volume to the slurry; and    (3) a bioleaching plant which includes a reactor vessel, a source which feeds a sulfide mineral slurry to the vessel, an oxygen source, a device which measures the dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry in the vessel, and a control mechanism whereby, in response to the said measured dissolved oxygen concentration, the supply of oxygen from the oxygen source to the slurry is controlled to achieve a dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry within a predetermined range.
NOVELTY - Recovering nickel from a slurry containing sulfide minerals comprises: (a) bioleaching the slurry; (b) supplying a feed gas containing in excess of 21% oxygen by volume; and (c) recovering the nickel from the bioleach residue.    USE - The method is used to isolate nickel from a slurry comprising nickel bearing sulfide minerals.    ADVANTAGE - The process can be worked at higher temperatures which increases the yield of minerals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method of bioleaching a slurry containing copper bearing sulfide minerals comprising:    (a) bioleaching the slurry using suitable microorganisms at 40 degreesC; and    (b) controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry within a predetermined range;    (2) a method of enhancing the oxygen mass transfer coefficient from a gas phase to a liquid phase in a sulfide mineral slurry comprising supplying a feed gas containing in excess of 21% oxygen by volume to the slurry; and    (3) a bioleaching plant which includes a reactor vessel, a source which feeds a sulfide mineral slurry to the vessel, an oxygen source, a device which measures the dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry in the vessel, and a control mechanism whereby, in response to the said measured dissolved oxygen concentration, the supply of oxygen from the oxygen source to the slurry is controlled to achieve a dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry within a predetermined range.
NOVELTY - Recovering precious metal from a slurry containing sulfide minerals comprises: (a) bioleaching the slurry; (b) supplying a feed gas containing in excess of 21% oxygen by volume; and (c) recovering the precious metal from the bioleach residue.    USE - The method is used to isolate precious metal, such as gold and silver from a slurry comprising sulfide minerals.    ADVANTAGE - The process can be worked at higher temperatures which increases the yield of minerals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method of bioleaching a slurry containing copper bearing sulfide minerals comprising:    (a) bioleaching the slurry using suitable microorganisms at 40 degreesC; and    (b) controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry within a predetermined range;    (2) a method of enhancing the oxygen mass transfer coefficient from a gas phase to a liquid phase in a sulfide mineral slurry comprising supplying a feed gas containing in excess of 21% oxygen by volume to the slurry; and    (3) a bioleaching plant which includes a reactor vessel, a source which feeds a sulfide mineral slurry to the vessel, an oxygen source, a device which measures the dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry in the vessel, and a control mechanism whereby, in response to the said measured dissolved oxygen concentration, the supply of oxygen from the oxygen source to the slurry is controlled to achieve a dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry within a predetermined range.
NOVELTY - Bioleaching a slurry containing sulfide minerals comprises supplying a feed gas containing in excess of 21% oxygen by volume.    USE - The method is used to isolate minerals from a slurry.    ADVANTAGE - The process can be worked at higher temperatures which increases the yield of minerals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method of bioleaching a slurry containing sulfide minerals comprising:    (a) bioleaching the slurry using suitable microorganisms at 40 degreesC; and    (b) controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry within a predetermined range;    (2) a method of enhancing the oxygen mass transfer coefficient from a gas phase to a liquid phase in a sulfide mineral slurry comprising supplying a feed gas containing in excess of 21% oxygen by volume to the slurry; and    (3) a bioleaching plant which includes a reactor vessel, a source which feeds a sulfide mineral slurry to the vessel, an oxygen source, a device which measures the dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry in the vessel, and a control mechanism whereby, in response to the said measured dissolved oxygen concentration, the supply of oxygen from the oxygen source to the slurry is controlled to achieve a dissolved oxygen concentration in the slurry within a predetermined range.
NOVELTY - Oxidizable gas generated from waste at a dumping area is treated by leading the gas in a self-operated manner through a penetration aperture formed on a sealing layer (2) which covers the waste layer (1). The gas is spread in the lateral direction to an upper material layer, in which the biological oxidation of gas occurs, using a flow controller on top and/or to the sides of the aperture.    USE - For treating oxidizable gas generated from industrial or municipal waste at a dumping area.    ADVANTAGE - The method restricts greenhouse gas releases, and achieves saving in costs compared to conventional methods. It is also advantageous in cases in which the methane content of gas is too low to be burned without supporting fuel. It may utilize the large oxidizing capacity of the surface layer at the dumping areas compared to a biofilter, which is restricted by its small-sized reaction vessel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a dumping area structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the dumping area.    Waste layer (1)    Sealing layer (2)    Drying layer (3)    Surface layer (4)    Well (10)    Cover (11)    Valve (14)    Piping (15)
NOVELTY - The process comprises (i) blending a sewage sludge having a solids content of greater than 7 wt.%, (ii) mixing calcium oxide or hydroxide with the blended sludge so as to cause a reaction which elevates the temperature of the sludge, (iii) pressurizing the mixed sludge to a pressure greater than 14.7 psia for not less than 15 seconds, (iv) passing the pressurized sludge through a flash chamber, (v) mixing with coal fines, and (vi) solidifying the mixture to provide a product having 40-95 wt.% coal fines.    USE - The process provides high BTU fuel products.    ADVANTAGE - The process renders sewage sludge vector-free, pathogen-free and sellable. Coal fines are made easily transportable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a flow diagram showing the process.    Feed hopper (4)    Screw conveyor (6)    Feed section (8)    Reaction chamber (9)
NOVELTY - Temperature in treatment tank (1) is maintained within 100-250degreesC during carbonization process, and is maintained within 40-100degreesC during fermentation process. Vapor formed in the tank is extracted by exhaust unit (3). The vapor is passed through absorption cell (4) where cool water is sprayed to remove dust and gases, and then passed through combustion deodorizer (5).    USE - For organic refuse processing apparatus used in residence, restaurants.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates removal of dust and odor component in the gas, by passing through absorbent and deodorizer. Prevents generation of dioxins, as fermentation at low temperature is performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Treatment tank is surrounded by heating jacket (11) supplied with the heat from supply unit. Stirrer (12) is comprised in the tank. Pressure in the tank is maintained at vacuum by exhaust unit. Vapor is passed through absorption cell spraying cooling water forcibly attracting gas and dust. Burner (52) removes odor causing agent by combustion in deodorizer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of low temperature refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Exhaust unit (3)    Absorption cell (4)    Combustion deodorizer (5)    Heating jacket (11)    Stirrer (12)    Burner (52)
NOVELTY - The fiber waste material (1) consists of a composite material of synthetic and natural fibers. The fiber material is cut to a fixed width to form a continuous elongated strip (2) by confronting and joining. The strip is supplied to the decomposition apparatus for treatment with an enzyme treatment liquid.    USE - For decomposing fiber waste materials consisting of composite materials of synthetic fibers and natural fibers, with enzymes.    ADVANTAGE - The continuous processing is facilitated by forming elongated strips before processing with the enzyme. Permeation of the enzyme treatment liquid on all the corners of fiber waste material is facilitated by utilization of injection pressure. The fiber waste material is guided without applying tension and drive guiding is possible even when the strength of the fiber is weak. The natural fiber decomposed by the shower injection of enzyme is isolated from the synthetic fiber which aids in recycling. The injected liquid collected in the saucer is sent to the treatment tank and the enzyme is utilized effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Guide rollers supply strips to the treatment tank for the enzyme treatment. The strip is supplied to the drive guide by a conveyor for showering injection of enzyme treatment liquid through nozzles. The injected treatment liquid is collected in a saucer and sent to the treatment tank by joint pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an elongation process for fiber waste material.    Fiber waste materials (1)    Elongated strips (2)
NOVELTY - Fermentation decomposition processing apparatus (T2) comprises a microorganism culture medium chamber (B) installed in the lateral surface of the fermentation decomposition tank (F). Microorganism culture solution and organic compound are supplied into the culture medium chamber and the fermentation of the microorganism is carried out inside the chamber.    USE - For decomposing organic compound from industrial refuses, faeces and urine sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Decomposition of microorganism is carried out efficiently. Reclamation produced by incineration can be solved easily. Fermentation decomposition of organic compound can be efficiently performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of multi-stage fermentation decomposition processing apparatus.    Microorganism culture medium chamber (B)    Organic compound fermentation decomposition tank (F)    Multi-stage continuous fermentation decomposition processing apparatus (T2)
NOVELTY - Manufacture (I) of silicic acid containing organic fertilizer comprising fermentation of a silicic acid-containing material or of silicic acid with organic waste having 65+/- 5% moisture content, is new.    USE - As fertilizer for crops, especially crops of grass family, for ridging in parks and for landscaping.    ADVANTAGE - Organic waste product(s) from foodstuff manufacturing industries may be converted into an organic fertilizer. The fertilizer has an excellent soil improving effect and disease-resisting properties. The fertilizer improves nutritive-absorption in crops and reduces farmer's work.
NOVELTY - A preset amount of ground wood mixed with bacteria is charged into a semi-cylindrical stirring chamber (3). Excrement or ground organic waste is charged into the chamber through an upper opening. A motor driven rotary shaft (4) fixed with spiral blades (5) is made to stir the mix inside the chamber. The wood containing bacteria decomposes organic waste and is ejected through exhaust hole of the chamber.    USE - For disposal of wastes e.g. organic waste, excrement, etc. from toilet.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for pipe construction, since almost nil water is involved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for toilet installation using dry type filth disposal device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional views of the dry type waste disposal device.    Stirring chamber (3)    Rotary shaft (4)    Spiral blade (5)
NOVELTY - A metallic oxide semiconductor layer (8) is formed on the outer surface of substrate (4). The outer layer comprises an antimony (Sb)-containing SnO2 compound and the inner layer comprises Sb-free SnO2.    USE - For detecting combustible gases such as methane and carbon monoxide (CO).    ADVANTAGE - Temperature and humidity dependence at the time of CO detection is reduced by the formation of a metal oxide film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas detection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the gas sensor.    Substrate (4)    Semiconductor layer (8)
NOVELTY - Actinomycetes belonging to offset Cinnamomum-camphora genus is used for decomposing the polylactic resin.    USE - For processing the polylactic resin waste matter in compost plants.    ADVANTAGE - Enables biological degradation polylactic resin using the microorganism without causing pollution and global warming. A polylactic resin is converted into useful material and composts such as organic acid.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack has a number of fuel cell units, each with a solid polymer ion exchange membrane between anode and cathode electrodes, stacked with separators. The rectangular units have longer horizontal than vertical lengths. A burner gas feed/outlet line (138b) and a feed/outlet line (138a) carrying gas containing oxygen feed gas containing combustible gas or oxygen to each unit at upper and lower sections at both ends and into the stack in the transverse direction.    USE - For a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The height of the stack can be kept low and the energy generation surfaces can be uniformly cooled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective representation of a channels and fluid flows in a fuel cell stack    feed/outlet lines (138a,138b)    .
NOVELTY - A method of purifying waste water from an integrated stock farming system comprises supplying waste water to a non-aerated section of a biological waste water purification plant, passing the effluent to an aerated section, recirculating most of the micro-organisms and some of the effluent of the aerated section to the aerated and/or non-aerated section and separating part of the micro-organisms using membrane filtration.    USE - The method is useful for treating waste water from stock farms and solid manure so that it can be used as a nutrient medium or garden mould.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The concentration of micro-organisms is preferably above 10g/l.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for an apparatus for purifying the waste water by the method.
NOVELTY - Two collector plates (10) have a series of channels (14) for the flow of reactants from ports (12) formed through the collector plates. Gas diffusion layers are provided between the collector plates. A membrane electrode assembly (MEA), including a membrane sandwiched between two electrode layers, is interposed between the gas diffusion layers. The series of channels communicate with at least three ports.    USE - For porting e.g. gas fuel, oxidant, coolant through collector plates of fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - Supplies fluid in more pressure efficient manner, and provides greater variability in fuel cell footprint. Reduces pressure requirements for routing fluid through a fuel cell. Improves distribution of reactants and uniformity of reactant concentrations through the fuel cell. Improves versatility to interface to different active area flow field arrangements.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the collector plate with one multiport arrangement of the multiport fuel cell system.    Collector plates (10)    Ports (12)    Channels (14)
NOVELTY - Invention relates to production of solid fuels from municipal waste water sediments and vegetable- and wood-origin cellulose-containing materials or from woodworking, paper-and-pulp industry wastes, or from analogous wastes from other industries. Cellulose-containing material is added to sediment before mechanical dehydration in amount less than 30% based on solid weight of fuel and resulting mixture is ground until homogeneous paste is obtained, in which two types of fibers are formed (0.1-1.0 mm and less than 0.05 mm in length). Homogeneous paste is treated with flocculants, mechanically dehydrated, dried, and compressed in the form of fuel elements: briquettes or granulates.    USE - Solid fuels.    ADVANTAGE - Simultaneously solved environmental and economical problems.
(NO200004173-A)   NOVELTY - The grill element thermal handling unit has a grill (10) made up of 6 x 8 grill blocks (16,18) on whose surface the waste material lies for thermal handling. The material passes continually in the transport direction (14), when it is burned or gassed. The gas supply for the has an oxygen guiding system (S) and many exit openings regulate the oxygen volume flow. The transport surface is at an angle to the horizontal, and jets for gas run in a horizontal direction along the transport direction.    USE - Thermal handling of waste material.    ADVANTAGE - Allows targeted oxygen guidance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of the grill element in a schematic representation.    Grill (10)    Transport direction (14)    Grill blocks (16,18)    Guiding system (S)
NOVELTY - Rotatable inner cylinder kiln (3) is provided penetrating the combustion furnace. Waste insertion opening (6) and waste exhaust outlet (7) are located respectively to either side ends of inner cylindrical kiln. Fuel is supplied from fuel tank (20) to burner (2) provided to furnace. Amorphous carbon is manufactured from organic waste supplied to inner cylindrical kiln.    USE - For carbonizing waste vegetable, waste processed food, waste drink, waste plastic container discharged from lunch store, restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of inner cylindrical kiln is controlled, thereby enhancing thermal efficiency. The carbonizing system is miniaturized. Dioxin generation is suppressed because process gas is heated inside combustion furnace.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Switching baffle plates are provided to exhaust tube (5) of combustion furnace. The inner cylindrical kiln is provided with temperature detection sensor (4). An exhaust air blower (8) supplies exhaust gas from exhaust tube of furnace, to inner cylindrical kiln. Exhaust gas device (12) is provided to insertion opening of inner cylindrical kiln. Process gas air blower (13) supplies process gas from exhaust gas device, to combustion furnace. A drive unit (11) performs rotation of inner cylindrical kiln at predetermined velocity. The passage of organic waste through inner cylindrical kiln and temperature of kiln are controlled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic waste carbonizing system.    Burner (2)    Kiln (3)    Temperature detection sensor (4)    Exhaust tube (5)    Waste insertion opening (6)    Waste exhaust outlet (7)    Air blowers (8,13)    Drive unit (11)    Exhaust gas device (12)    Fuel tank (20)
NOVELTY - Compost drying fermentation apparatus (1) comprises a warm air generator (4) attached to the side wall (2A) of the structure (2) which is covered. The drying fermentation of the compost is done by warm air generated. The main structure (2) of the apparatus includes water barrier sheet, exhaust pipes, matte portion and warm air blow-off pipe.    USE - Compost drying fermentation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The warm air is prevented from escaping through a warm air blow-off pipe. The spill of moisture to the lower portion is prevented by laying water barrier sheet. The compost is reliably dried utilizing solar heat, as transparent synthetic resin sheet is used for coating. The assembly is simple and economical as number of parts is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of compost drying fermentation apparatus.    Compost drying fermentation apparatus (1)    Main structure (2)    Side wall (2A)    Clamp (3A)    Support (3A1)    Cover (3B)    Warm air generator (4)    Air blowing pipe (4B)
NOVELTY - Composting comprising treating organic waste in a wet grinding selector to form a slurry which is then treated with coagulant and is subjected to solid-liquid separation and the separated solid content is converted into compost, is new.    USE - The new method is useful for composting organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The impurities such as metals, plastics and glass can be removed efficiently. The manufacture of compost of good quality is enabled. The pollution of the environment is prevented.
NOVELTY - Waste water treatment comprising removing and deodorizing organic substance and metal in waste water by contacting with Bacillus cereus, is new.    USE - The method is useful for removing organic substances and metal in water and deodorizing water.    ADVANTAGE - Organic substance and metals present in waste water are effectively removed by the microorganism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gram positive Bacillus cereus useful for treating waste water. The microbe is elliptical in shape with positions terminal to subterminal, and reproduces by spore formation. Sporangium is unbulging and has positive motility. It is a facultative anaerobe and possess catalase activity. It shows positive V-P reaction with pH of the V-P broth being 4.8. Metabolism of glucose by the microbe forms acid but does not release any gas. It liquefies gelatin and does not degrade starch. It utilizes citrate and propionate for its growth, which is optimum at pH 6.8, and pH 5.7 in nutrient broth. It catalyses nitrate reduction and has positive egg yolk reaction. Optimum temperature range for its growth is 30-40degreesC, beyond which (10degreesC or 50degreesC), growth is minimized. It grows in a medium (pH 5.7) containing 20.5-21.7% of NaCl, and has 35 mol% of GC content in its DNA detected by HPLC method.
NOVELTY - Base material for garbage processing machine, is obtained by compression molding of material comprising sawdust, chaff and coffee husk.    USE - For garbage processing machine which performs decomposition of garbage generated preferably from kitchens.    ADVANTAGE - The packing volume of base material is reduced, thus minimizing transportation and storage costs. Productivity is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Base material for garbage processing machine, is obtained by compression molding of material comprising sawdust, chaff and coffee husk. Sawdust, chaff and coffee husk are taken in a treatment tank which has a stirrer and a ventilator. Cooking wastes and garbages are added into the tank and stirred together. Fermentation decomposition of the contents is performed by an aerobe and the fermented product is compression molded to form angular, cylindrical or cubical compressed block of base material (3).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of compressed base material.    Compressed block of base material (3)
NOVELTY - Apparatus useful for processing garbage from kitchen comprises a treatment tank (2) which receives air circulated internally in the horizontal direction, through the inlet (3). The treatment tank (2) has the exhaust port (6) to discharge air supplied from the inlet (3).    USE - For processing garbage from e.g. kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The water vapor generated in the treatment tank is efficiently ejected by drying it uniformly, as air is blown along horizontal direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional elevation of the organic waste processing apparatus. Diagram contains non-English language text.    Treatment tank (2)    Inlet (3)    Exhaust port (6)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus comprising stirring motor (B) equipped with stirring claws (16a,16b) which are rotatable in fermenter tank (A), is new.    USE - The apparatus is useful for degrading organic substances e.g. organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Fractionation of organic waste is done in three different chambers which avoid piling up of processed material in the processing chamber and excessive rotation load for the stirring motor is avoided. Fermentation promotion of the processed material in the fermenter tank and the removal of processed material through the drop opening are done effectively by providing the drop opening approximately in agreement with the bottom circular portion of the stirring claw.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic refuse machine has a stirring motor (M) suspended horizontally with multiple stirring claws (16a,16b) which are rotatable in the fermenter tank (A). The fermenter tank is partitioned into injection chamber, process chamber and emission chamber by partition walls (C1,C2). The processed material are removed through holes in the drop opening portion (22) which is in the receipt region of the collection tray. The stirring claw (16b) with a bottom circular arc portion rotates in the process chamber. The diameter of opening is approximately the same as the width (Z) of the stirring claw (16b). A sheet-like heater (24) is stuck to the lower outer surface side of process chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional diagram of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Stirring claws (16a,16b)    Drop openings (22,23)    Sheet-like heater (24)    Fermenter tank (A)    Stirring motor (B)    Walls (C1,C2)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse conveyance method comprising storing reserve tank (1g) with organic refuse pulverized in the grinding machine (1), where the volume of the tank and the full length volume of the slurry pipe is made identical, is new.    USE - The new method is useful in compost processing apparatus for treatment of organic substances from homes, schools, hospitals, food processing works, and restaurants, which removes harmful saline matter remaining in the compost.    ADVANTAGE - Reforce feeding is performed smoothly. The slurry pipe inside is maintained clean and the bad smell generated inside slurry pipe is eliminated. The quality of fertilizer, feed and compost, is improved. The apparatus is simple in order to perform dehydration and desalination effectively using dehydration cylinder and piston. The attachment of the compost processing apparatus is also simple. As the classified salt is removed from the organic refuse supplied in the compost treatment tank, the residual salt classification from compost is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The slurry pipe conveys pulverized refuse all at once to the adjustment tank (2) by a force feeding pump (1i) based on the signal from the full sensor attached in the reserve tank.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for slurry conveyor which has grinding apparatus which grind the organic refuse injected through the hopper. The reserve tank stores the pulverized organic refuse. An adjustment tank is provided to the side of the reserve tank. The adjustment tank and the reserve tank are connected with slurry pipe. The water supply shower mixes water to pulverized organic refuse and also fills the reserve tank up to brim when it is completely filled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of compost processing apparatus.    Grinding machine (1)    Reserve tank (1g)    Feeding pump (1i)    Tank (2)
NOVELTY - Plaster board (industrial waste) is decomposed using ammonia and carbon dioxide (which is generated during compost production), to form ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate.    USE - For processing the plaster board generated during dismantling of building.    ADVANTAGE - The plaster board containing calcium carbonate and ammonium sulfate, is effectively decomposed using ammonia and carbon dioxide. Therefore, effective usage of the waste plaster board is enabled. Large industrial value is secured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) processing of plaster involves decomposing plaster (generated as a by-product during production of plastic board) using ammonia and carbon dioxide to form a mixture containing ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate which is used as a fertilizer;    (2) compost containing ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate, is obtained by time-dependent fermentation of the mixture containing plaster, foodstuffs, sludge, pruned branches of trees, hen droppings and fermentation promoter; and    (3) manufacture of compost containing ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate.
NOVELTY - Preparation (M) of hydrophilic chaff (I) from hydrophobic chaff comprises soaking the hydrophilic chaff in liquid surfactant.    USE - (I) is used as raw material for compost which is used to improve soil.    ADVANTAGE - (M) enables effective use of waste chaff and waste surfactant from industries.
NOVELTY - The method involves treating organic waste water (4) in a biological treatment tank (5). The sludge is supplied to a heating container (13) from the treatment tank and is heated at 80-250degreesC for 20-30 minutes. The sludge is then released by external pressure application, crushed and returned to the treatment tank. Water separated by solid liquid separation is used as treated water.    USE - For processing organic waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of surplus sludge generated during biological treatment of waste water, is reduced. The waste water is purified by an inexpensive method which enables sludge reclamation cost reduction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the organic waste water processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the organic waste water processing method.    Organic waste water (4)    Biological treatment tank (5)    Heating container (13)
NOVELTY - Spawn is a mixture of thermophilic C-1 microbe of Bacillus brevis, thermophilic C-3 microbe of Bacillus brevis and thermophilic C-4 microbe of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The spawn has good thermophilicity and can decompose organic material under aerobic conditions.    USE - For manufacture of organic fertilizer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The spawn has good thermophilicity. Organic fertilizer can be manufactured continuously using non-agrochemicals. The organic material has good activity due to the presence of anti-oxidant and minerals. The organic fertilizer manufactured using spawn has good stability and durability. The fertilizer can be easily applied by diluting and performing irrigation, dispersion and foliar application.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacture of organic fertilizer component by adding spawn to organic material and fermenting the material under aerobic conditions at 50-90degreesC;    (2) manufacture of liquid organic fertilizer which involves adding water to organic fertilizer and performing cultivation, under aerobic condition at 30-70degreesC;    (3) organic fertilizer;    (4) manufacture of organic fertilizer which involves adding organic material to organic fertilizer component and fermenting material under aerobic conditions at 50-90degreesC; and    (5) liquid organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A mixed working fluid contains coolant and lubricating oil. The coolant contains 0.5-10 weight percent (wt.%) of trifluoroiodo methane and 90-99.5 wt.% of propane and isobutane. The lubricating oil contains epoxy stabilizer as essential component. The lubricating oil is selected from naphthalene oil, paraffin oil and alkylbenzene oil.    USE - For refrigeration unit (claimed), automatic vending machine, compressor.    ADVANTAGE - The coolant does not contain chlorine compound, therefore the global warming due to the mixed working fluid is prevented. The mixed working fluid has excellent stability, reliability and prevents ignition explosion even when it leaks from the apparatus. The mixed working fluid can be used in the temperature range of -40degreesC to 40degreesC.
NOVELTY - A mixed fluid having low ignition and explosibility, contains a coolant containing 0.5-25 weight% of trifluoroiodomethane and 75-99.5 weight% of isobutane; and a lubricating oil like paraffin oil, alkylbenzene oil and/or naphthene oil with an epoxy stabilizer.    USE - As coolant in refrigerator, automatic vending machine and showcase compressor.    ADVANTAGE - The fluid has no effect on the ozone layer in the stratosphere and hence prevents global warming. The fluid has excellent stability and prevents ignition or explosion even when there is leakage in the apparatus. The fluid which is used alternatively in place of R134, can be effectively used under extreme temperature such as (-)40-40degreesC.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a coolant apparatus which contains the mixed fluid.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery (20) has a modifier (22) to produce hydrogen containing heating gas from a raw material gas containing water vapor and hydrocarbon fuel. The fuel is oxidized by an oxidizing gas and electricity is produced. A water vapor supply unit supplies water which is humidified and heated by a heater, using the heat produced during electricity production and the water vapor is reused.    USE - For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Electricity production is effective performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a fuel battery system.    Fuel battery system (20)    Modifier (22)    Temperature detector (51)
NOVELTY - Two stage treatment process for the valorization of wastes by an initial treatment with quicklime followed by injection of the resulting particulate matter into a combustion chamber, is new. A final product is obtained which can be used as a chemical fertilizer which is free from germs and contamination.    USE - The product obtained is useful as a fertilizer or manure.    ADVANTAGE - The conditions of combustion of the basic material (pH greater than 10, combustion for a time greater than 4 seconds and a temperature 900-1200 degreesC) are sufficient to prevent production of dioxins and HCl. The residual ash recovered contains, in addition to lime, vital elements in agriculture including N, P, K, Mg, but the content of heavy leachable metals and PCBs are less than the standards required. The process does not result in any clinker residues.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for the treatment of wastes involving a two stage operation. The material is first subjected to a magnetic/density sorting to remove inert and metallic objects, then mixed with quicklime, and possibly a binder agent comprising one or more liquid compounds, in a miller/mixer. This is left to mature for completion of the reaction, possibly followed by a disintegration/drying process to leave de-aggregated particles. In the second phase, the particles are injected, with air, into a fluidized bed combustion chamber above a burner, to give a high temperature combustion.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the solid product obtained and its use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a flow diagram of the functioning of the process comprising phase 1 (pre-treatment preparation of waste pre-milling and milling/mixing with quicklime) and phase 2 comprising the fluidized bed combustion (drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Biological treatment of waste material by passing air through the material comprises concentrating combustible substances in the air and burning them.    USE - The process is especially useful for composting organic waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - Combustible pollutants entrained in the air, such as hydrocarbons, microorganisms and their metabolites, particulates, vapors and gases, are destroyed without excessive energy consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) apparatus for the biological treatment of waste material, comprising:    (a) a container for the waste material;    (b) an air inlet;    (c) an outlet for waste air;    (d) a system for concentrating combustible substances in the air; and    (e) a combustion unit;    (2) an installation comprising several apparatus as in (1) and a common manifold for collecting waste air from the apparatus.
NOVELTY - Processing sewage, comprising treating the sewage with at least 0.4 %, by weight, peroxodisulfuric acid and/or its salts, heating to above 60 degrees C, and removing the solid product, is new.    USE - The solid product obtained can be used as a plant or soil fertilizer, as an additive in brick manufacture, or for the production of natural substances. The solution obtained after removal of the solid can be treated with thermophilic microorganisms to produce methane-rich combustible gas. It can also be used to produce water and ammonia, with the latter being preferably converted into the ammonium peroxodisulfate used in the process.    ADVANTAGE - The process is cheap to operate, environmentally acceptable and can be used on any type of sewage. Processing of the solution obtained after separation of the solids is problem-free, as no solids form on surfaces of the evaporators. The water obtained by this processing is odorless.
NOVELTY - Device for biological treatment, especially fermentation, of organic liquids has a long, narrow reaction chamber (3) consisting of a flexible hose. A pump feeds the material to be treated intermittently through the reaction chamber.    USE - E.g. for production of biogas.    ADVANTAGE - Use of a hose prevents oxygen from entering the reaction chamber, gives a large surface for growth of anaerobic microorganisms and a large heat exchange surface for heating the reaction chamber to the optimum temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of a biogas production system.    Bath (1)    Heat exchange liquid (2)    Hose acting as reaction chamber (3)
NOVELTY - A Bacillus (I) which: (a) can degrade fats under aerobic conditions; (b) shows a growth speed in establishing a generation time (doubling time) in a complete medium at 30 degrees C of at least 30 minutes; and (c) has a superior ability to decompose fat-containing waste water under aerobic conditions rapidly, is new.    USE - The Bacillus is useful in waste water treatment particularly effluent from kitchen and food-processing factory.    ADVANTAGE - Such Bacillus has a superior ability to decompose fat-containing waste water under aerobic conditions rapidly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste water treatment process using a microbial agent containing (I) and supplying oxygen to the agent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Chromatogram of R5 strain culture supernatant after high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Promoting fermentation and/or composting is by laying an air supply in a piping groove formed on a compost bed, and supplying air to organic substances on the composite bed from the air supply pipe with warming in a heat pipe.    USE - The method and device are for promoting fermentation and/or composting, applicable in treating organic substances like animal feces and contaminated soil.    ADVANTAGE - With the method, air is uniformly supplied at a temperature under control for use with ease from any direction, in excellent heat efficiency, less carbon dioxide exhaust and reduced running cost in treating organic substances.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for promoting fermentation and/or composting comprising an installed heat pipe horizontally within an air supply pipe laid in a piping groove formed on a compost bed with connection to a heat-source fluid transferring pipe and its transporting means to activate the heat pipe within the air supply pipe, so that a heat-pipe-heated air can be supplied to the organic substance for fermentation and/or composition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Expanded cross-sectional view of a part of the device for fermentation and composting.    Compost bed (1)    piping groove (2A)    air supply pipe (5A)    organic substances (11)    air through-hole (24B)    heat pipe (41)
NOVELTY - In-situ reactor (10), consists of (a) chamber (CH) free of pumping equipment disposed underground; (b) inlet which allows flow of contaminated mixture or stream through the CH by natural hydraulic gradient; (c) outlet for treated mixture; (d) non-sorptive packing disposed within CH such that the CH contains 75% free space; and (e) microorganisms which effectively degrade hydrocarbons disposed on and within packing.    USE - For partial biodegradation of petroleum derived hydrocarbons present in underground aqueous mixture or streams (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The reactor has efficiency greater than 99% under microaerophilic condition, and enables complete removal of gasoline present in high concentrations under low dissolved oxygen content. The reactor has improved, volume elimination rate and contaminant removal capacity per unit volume when compared to conventional peat moss packed reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the method of partial biodegradation of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons present in underground aqueous mixture or streams.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Fig. 1: Apparatus for continuous bioremediation of gasoline containing liquid.    Rotameter (1)    Filter (2)    Air diffuser (3)    Feed tank (4)    Feed pump (5)    Feed lines (6)    Solution tank (7)    Pump (8)    Gasoline lines (9)    Reactor (10)    Gasoline solution (11)    Ports (12)    Side tower (13)    Effluent lines (14)    Effluent tank (15)
NOVELTY - Conversion of agricultural waste products, including straw and sawdust, comprises composting the material using a worm culture involving forming a compost body comprising layers of agricultural residue with a cellulose component and layers with part of the worm culture.    USE - To produce organic humus from waste products of various industries.    ADVANTAGE - The product quality is improved and harmful gas emissions are reduced.
NOVELTY - Organic waste composting apparatus, comprises hollow pillar. The hollow pillar (20) supports the roof cover (5) of fermenter (2) at the center. A bad smell suction opening (25) is formed on the upper portion of the hollow pillar. The lower portion of the hollow pillar is connected to the odor collection device.    USE - For aerobic treatment of organic waste e.g. stock raising wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The hollow pillar and lower portion of fermenter, are arranged underground and does not support on the roof cover. The weight reduction of the roof cover is attained. The terrestrial space is used effectively by embedding lower portion of hollow pillar in the earth. The hollow pillar rotatably supports the stirrer, hopper and distribution injection cover, and the structure is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic waste composting apparatus (1) has cone-shaped roof cover provided in the upper portion of the fermenter. The organic waste in the fermenter is stirred. The hollow pillar prolongs to the inner top portion of the roof cone. Supply conveyor supported by the pillar, supplies organic waste from outside, and distribution injection conveyor (8) supplies organic waste equally to the fermenter. The organic waste is guided from the supply conveyor to the injection conveyor by a hopper (9). The hopper and distribution injection conveyor are rotatably supported by the hollow pillar.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic waste composting apparatus.    Organic waste composting apparatus (1)    Fermenter (2)    Roof cover (5)    Distribution injection conveyor (8)    Hopper (9)    Hollow pillar (20)    Bad smell suction opening (25)
NOVELTY - Dreg type fermentation processing apparatus comprising a carbonization apparatus (9) connected to a pressure chamber (1) and to a biogas holder (8), so that the carbonization of the non-pulverized dreg (41) extracted from the pressure chamber (1) is performed with the biogas obtained from the biogas holder, to reduce the amount of the dreg by the burning process, is new.    USE - For fermenting methane in super stores, departmental stores, hospital, hotel, amusement facility, foodstuff warehouse, airport facility, railway station facility, nuclear and thermal power stations.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reducing quantity of process dreg.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Dreg type fermentation processing apparatus comprising a carbonization apparatus (9) connected to a pressure chamber (1) and to a biogas holder (8), so that the carbonization of the non-pulverized dreg (41) extracted from the pressure chamber (1) is performed with the biogas obtained from the biogas holder, to reduce the amount of the dreg by the burning process, is new. Organic waste (12) supplied to the high pressure chamber (1), generates a pulverized organic paste (19a) which is fed to a fermentation processing chamber (5). The biogas generated during the fermentation process is supplied to a biogas holder (8), for storage purposes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fermentation processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pressure chamber (1)    Fermentation processing chamber (5)    Biogas holder (8)    Carbonization apparatus (9)    Organic waste (12)    Pulverized organic paste (19a)    Non-pulverized dreg (41)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse containing food residue is added with microbes at preset pH value, carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) and voidage in a range favorable to proliferation of microorganism. The mixture is then stirred and fermented in the presence of an adjustment material which adjusts the voidage.    USE - To ferment organic refuse containing food residue discarded from restaurants and foodstuff processing units.    ADVANTAGE - The proliferation environment of aerobic bacteria is always maintained in a favorable state. Leakage of odor during fermentation is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fermentation processing apparatus which has a treatment tank (2) with stirrer (9) and heater (6). The raw materials are provided through an insertion opening (15) of the tank, stirred and heated. An adiabatic wall covers the outer surface of the tank main portion. An outer cladding case (1) is provided on the tank outer surface so that gap is maintained between the two. A flue (12) with a ventilating fan is provided in the corner of the cover. An air inlet connects the gap and inner space of the tank. A strip-shaped exposed part is cut in the adiabatic wall to communicate between the heater and the air inlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of fermentation apparatus.    Outer cladding case (1)    Treatment tank (2)    Heater (6)    Stirrer (9)    Flue (12)    Opening (15)
NOVELTY - Livestock waste fermentation process liquid elimination comprises filtering process liquid on a compost board (4) by pectinate poles provided to a movable frame (A). Scum more than a preset amount is filtered by screen apparatus (5) and left on the compost board. The filtered livestock waste liquid is pumped form the storage tank (42) to the slurry tank (44).    USE - For eliminating and filtering process liquid recovered from a cattle shed which is fermented in the treatment tank.    ADVANTAGE - The screen apparatus prevents clogging of solid particles and the compost board functions sufficiently. The spreading materials e.g. straw, wood meal, chaff contained in the process liquid are properly filtered and only liquid is stored in the slurry tank. The movable frame facilitates proper positioning on the compost board and the functioning of the compost board is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the elimination method of livestock waste fermentation process liquid.    Compost board (4)    Screen apparatus (5)    Inlet (21)    Treatment tank (41)    Storage tank (42)    Slurry tank (44)    Movable frame (A)
NOVELTY - An exhaust outlet (12) is extended tangentially from a drum (7) of a rotatable furnace (2). The furnace is rotated along the extension direction of the outlet during carbonization of process material (4). The furnace is rotated in the reverse direction to eject processed material through the outlet.    USE - For recycling organic waste e.g. paper, sawdust.    ADVANTAGE - Automatic ejection of processed material is enabled as ejection is done by tare weight. Ejection is efficient as lid of outlet is operated by operation mechanism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the carbonization apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the ejection process of material in carbonization furnace.    Rotatable furnace (2)    Process material (4)    Drum (7)    Exhaust outlet (12)
NOVELTY - The machine includes a drying chamber mounted inside with a stirring shaft. Several stirring vanes (5) inclined at 30degrees vertical, are arranged alternately in the stirring shaft. Crushing plates (6) are fixed in-between adjacent stirring vanes. The shaft is rotated clockwise and anti-clockwise directions, in alternate fashion.    USE - For drying organic refuse such as meal remains, stock raising waste.    ADVANTAGE - Since the shaft is rotated alternately in clockwise and anti-clockwise directions, effective stirring is achieved. Inclined vanes and crushing plates generates effective drying atmosphere in the chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hot air blower (2) mounted beside the drying chamber blows air at 350degreesC into the chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the elevation of drying machine.    Hot air blower (2)    Stirring vanes (5)    Crushing plates (6)
NOVELTY - The promoter is a porous molded particle, made using a hydrophilic material. The hydrophilic compact has a porosity of 80-98% and a particle size of 1-20 mm. The water absorption capability is 300-3000 weight percent.    USE - For organic refuse processor such as a raw garbage disposer.    ADVANTAGE - The strength, air permeability and moisture content adjustment ability is high and so volume reduction is high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing method.
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprising: (1) a process portion, a recovery portion and a deodorant exhaust portion; (2) a capacity measurement device measures the quantity of the content received in the fermentation treatment tank; (3) a calculation unit searches for the process level of content based on capacity measurement; and (4) an information indicator shows the calculation result, is new.    USE - The apparatus is used for the processing of organic refuse, such as foodstuffs and vegetables.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient and favorable fermentation process is performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprising:    (1) a process portion, a recovery portion and a deodorant exhaust portion for exhausting the gas after deodorization;    (2) a capacity measurement device measures the quantity of the content received in the fermentation treatment tank;    (3) a calculation unit searches for the process level of content based on capacity measurement; and    (4) an information indicator shows the calculation result, is new.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially notched front elevation of the refuse processing apparatus.    Deodorant exhaust portion (D)    Recovery portion (K)    Process portion (S)
NOVELTY - A moisture content sensor (22) is provided in the processing portion (S) of the treatment tank (20) by which the electrical resistance of the content received in the treatment tank is measured. The process level of the content is determined from the obtained electrical resistance value. A controller carries out the optimum control of the running pattern of the stirrer (30) based on the process extent.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic waste such as foodstuff and vegetable waste.    ADVANTAGE - Optimum running control of the stirrer is carried out responding to the process level, so that treatment is carried out efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of the treatment apparatus.    Treatment tank (20)    Moisture content sensor (22)    Stirrer (30)    Processing portion (S)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a process portion (S) which carries out biodegradation of organic refuse and a recovery portion (K) which recovers processed material which is biodegraded. The odor is removed by a deodorizer (75) and a deodorant exhaust portion is provided. A heater (77a) is provided in the deodorant exhaust portion in parallel along the exhaust path.    USE - An apparatus for processing general organic refuse such as foodstuff and vegetable refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The exhaust heat is maintained to a high temperature with simple structure and a heat catalyst which is made to react effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an example of a deodorant case.    Deodorizer (75)    Heater (77a)    Recovery portion (K)    Process portion (S)
NOVELTY - Bio deodorizing apparatus is a container (11) with inlet (13) for odor gas and outlet (14) for process gas. Deodorant material (2) containing microorganism is mixed with porous rough large object (1) and arranged in the container for odor gas treatment.    USE - For deodorizing odor gas such as ammonia or hydrogen sulfide in the exhaust gas from organic refuse processor using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The pressure loss of gas in the container is decreased and the process efficiency is prevented from worsening. The reliability of the process is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Bio deodorizing apparatus has humidity sensor (3a) for measuring humidity of odor gas supplied through the inlet. The control apparatus (4) operates the pump (5) to supply water to the sprinkling pipe (6) based on the signal from the humidity sensor when the humidity is less than predetermined value. The temperature sensor (3b) measures the temperature of odor gas and the pump is operated, to supply water through sprinkler when the temperature is more than predetermined temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the bio-deodorizing apparatus. The drawing contains non-English language text.    Rough large object (1)    Deodorant material (2)    Humidity sensor (3a)    Temperature sensor (3b)    Control apparatus (4)    Pump (5)    Sprinkling pipe (6)    Container (11)    Inlet (13)    Outlet (14)
NOVELTY - Apparatus (1) comprising an infrared-type moisture meter which detects the moisture content of compost raw material (2,3) comprising organic refuse and livestock dung, is new. Based on the value detected by infrared-type moisture meter, the moisture content of compost raw material is adjusted within predetermined limits by a moisture content adjusting unit.    USE - For manufacturing compost from raw material containing organic refuse and livestock dung such as cattle faeces, pig faeces and droppings of hens.    ADVANTAGE - The moisture content of compost raw material containing livestock dung and organic refuse is detected by the infrared ray-type moisture meter based on which the moisture content of raw material is adjusted within predetermined limits by moisture content adjusting unit. Therefore, the moisture content of compost raw material is adjusted within optimum limits, and the compost is manufactured efficiently in short period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compost manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of compost manufacturing apparatus.    Compost manufacturing apparatus (1)    Compost raw material (2,3)    Supplement materials (4)    Front stage infrared ray-type moisture meter (15,16)    Fermenter (18)    Water addition unit (25)    Stirrer (32)    Latter stage infrared ray moisture meter (35)
NOVELTY - A pair of lower end sprockets (21b) and a pair of upper end sprockets (21a) are installed to implement various processes to the waste. A cutting back mechanism (M) comprises endless belt arranged between upper and lower sprockets. A conveyor (70) continuously conveys the waste under fermentation process to cutting back mechanism.    USE - For processing organic waste generated from restaurants.    ADVANTAGE - The processing is completed within short duration and a product, useful as organic fertilizer for agriculture and horticulture, is obtained. By adding activity mixing microorganisms to the waste, the processing space is made narrow and energy conservation is attained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The conveyor consists of chute of natural drop type which positions below upper sprocket. The conveyor is contractable and expandable. The cutting back mechanism implements the processes of adding activity mixing microorganism to the waste which is previously added with carbonaceous base material, performing moisture content adjustment, depositing on fermentation line, performing aeration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of cutting back mechanism of organic waste processing facility.    Sprockets (21a,21b)    Conveyor (70)    Mechanism (M)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has treatment tank (15) into which spherical decomposition promotion material (57) is supplied. A drive unit (27) rotates a stirrer (23) which stirs the decomposition promotion material. The shutter (41) opens and closes the residue elimination holes provided in the treatment tank. The residue ejected from the holes, is collected in the recovery portion.    USE - For treating biodegradable waste e.g. garbage, food residue.    ADVANTAGE - The width of the residue elimination hole is smaller than the promotion ball and the residue is extracted automatically through the residue elimination hole. The apparatus eliminates the need for a sieve and excitation device, therefore simplifying the structure of apparatus and cost. The stirrer ejects the residue reliably through holes opened by the shutter to shorten the elimination time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a biodegradable waste treatment apparatus.    Treatment tank (15)    Stirrer (23)    Drive unit (27)    Shutter (41)    Decomposition promotion material (57)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse treater comprises base (1) with extraction opening (2a) and inclined board (2c), attached to a receipt frame (6). The receipt frame has ventilation holes (4a, 7a) in its body and is fitted with an air-tight lid (9). The lower end (6a) of the receipt frame fits in an air-tight manner on outerside of upper part of base frame, with a converting plate.    USE - To convert organic refuse into compost, especially in farm houses.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus volume is increased easily by a simple structure. Compost manufacturing cost is less and installation of apparatus is easy. No power source is required, and recycling of organic refuse is done reliably. Since refuse is continuously aerated, no putrefactive smell is generated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic refuse treater comprises base (1) with extraction opening (2a) and inclined board (2c), attached to a receipt frame (6). The receipt frame has ventilation holes (4a, 7a) in its body and is fitted with an air-tight lid (9). The lower end (6a) of the receipt frame fits in an air-tight manner on outerside of upper part of base frame, with a converting plate. The receipt frame may be composed of 2 or more units (3,6), on upper portion of the base frame, for increasing its volume. The receipt frame also comprises vent pipes with ventilation holes along its cross-section. The air passage of vent pipe of receipt frame and vent pipe of lid are connected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of organic refuse treater.    Base frame (1)    Extraction opening (2a)    Inclined board (2c)    Receipt frame units (3,6)    Pipe ends (5b,8b)    Ventilation holes (4a,7a)    Lid (9)    Handle (9a)
NOVELTY - Recycling waste water in compost comprising: (1) pulverizing and passing organic refuse to a compost treatment tank via a slurry pipe; (2) dehydrating and de-mineralizing organic refuse; (3) composting; (4) ejecting waste water from de-mineralizer to a suspended solid removal apparatus; (5) removing suspended solids; and (6) recycling waste water to de-mineralizer, is new.    USE - For compost processing for organic refuse from schools, hospitals, food processing work, restaurant, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Quality of the compost is enhanced. Processing apparatus is simple. Toxic substances are removed from the refuse by recycling of waste water in the de-mineralizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recycling waste water in compost comprising:    (1) pulverizing organic refuse in a grinding unit and passing to a compost treatment tank via a slurry pipe;    (2) dehydrating and subjecting organic refuse to salt classification and demineralization;    (3) repeating dehydration;    (4) composting;    (5) ejecting waste water from de-mineralizer to a suspended solid removal apparatus;    (6) removing suspended solids; and    (7) recycling waste water to de-mineralizer, is new.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the recycling apparatus for organic refuse. The de-mineralizer is provided at the inlet of the compost treatment tank. The organic refuse is compressed using a dehydration cylinder (9) and a piston (10), of the de-mineralizer. A recycling unit is provided in the compost processing apparatus, which recycles the waste water to the dehydration cylinder which is used as a water supply for desalting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the compost processing apparatus.    Grinding unit (1)    Compost treatment tank (8)    Dehydration cylinder (9)    Piston (10)    Suspended solid removal apparatus (31)
NOVELTY - Pulverized organic refuse is dehydrated and then made to absorb water. The processes of dehydration and water absorption are repeated and the salt content in the organic refuse is removed. The salt refuse is then subjected to composting in a compost treatment tank (8).    USE - For processing organic refuse such as foodstuff waste discharged from houses, schools, hospitals or restaurants to form high quality fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Residual salt content in the refuse is completely removed thereby accelerating composting of refuse. The composting apparatus is simple and can be installed easily. Composted organic refuse can be effectively used as high quality fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compost processing apparatus which comprises:    (a) a grinding unit (1) for pulverizing organic refuse supplied by refuse injection hopper;    (b) a forced feeding pump for supplying pulverized refuse under pressure to adjustment tank (2);    (c) a water supply shower for supplying water to the pulverized refuse;    (d) a slurry pipe for connecting grinding unit and adjustment tank;    (e) a primary boiling unit (6) for performing initial boiling of refuse supplied from adjustment tank via force feed pump;    (f) a dehydration cylinder (9) for performing dehydration (under pressure) of water absorbed refuse (supplied from the boiler), by:    (i) a continuously movable piston (10); and    (ii) a demineralizer for removing residual salt content in the refuse and supplying the same to the compost treatment tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of compost processing apparatus.    Grinding unit (1)    Adjustment tank (2)    Primary boiling unit (6)    Compost treatment tank (8)    Dehydration cylinder (9)    Piston (10)    Exhaust outlet (24)    Automatic controller (26)
NOVELTY - The disposer has a catalyst device (3) at the middle of an exhaust path leading from an organic refuse processing container. Inner surface of the catalyst device is made of an electric insulation material with water repellent finishing. A catalyst layer formed on the surface of a metallic base material (31) of the catalyst case (23) is heated by supplying electricity to the base material.    USE - The disposer may be used in a garbage disposal plant.    ADVANTAGE - The disposer (I) maintains excellent electric insulation by separating the dew formed within the case, by keeping the internal temperature low and by using a catalyst case made of ceramic material. (I) saves energy by the rapid temperature-rise property of the metal base material and enhances heat emission by using corrugated expanded metal as the base material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the catalyst device of a garbage disposal.    Catalyst device (3)    Catalyst case (23)    Metallic base material (31)
NOVELTY - Waste material and organic refuse are ground by a grinding machine, compressed by a compressor, blended with bacteria, subjected to biodegradation and stirred with an agitator to form high quality useful soil material.    USE - For usage of waste material, organic refuse generated during incineration of used garbage container, as good quality soil.    ADVANTAGE - Waste material can be effectively recycled as good quality soil. The recycled material is durable and the process is environmentally compatible.
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer comprises a reformer for reforming raw heating gas containing hydrocarbon to form hydrogen-rich reformed gas. A heat exchanger (26) cools the reformed gas and a carbon monoxide removal device selectively oxidizes and removes carbon monoxide from the reformed gas. The heat exchanger has an inlet for oxygen required for oxidation of the hydrogen-rich reformed gas containing carbon monoxide.    USE - For formation of hydrogen-rich reformed gas supplied as a fuel for generation of electricity of fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - By providing an inlet for oxygen-rich air, uniform mixing of reformed gas and air is enabled, avoiding the need for a separate mixing pipe enabling a reduction of apparatus size. The carbon monoxide removal device carries out selective oxidation of carbon monoxide efficiently thereby wastage of energy by supply of unwanted air is reduced. Hence, saving of energy is enabled. By supplying air to the front portion of reformed gas flow path, turbulent flow of air is achieved enabling uniform mixing of air with reformed gas and by carrying out flow of air for more than once, mixing is achieved efficiently and uniformly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel reformer which forms hydrogen-rich reformed gas to be supplied to a fuel cell which generates electricity, comprises a reformer for reforming raw heating gas containing hydrocarbon to form hydrogen-rich reformed gas. A heat exchanger cools the reformed gas from the reformer and a carbon monoxide removal device selectively oxidize and removes carbon monoxide from the reformed gas which is supplied from a heat exchanger. A heat exchanger has an inlet for oxygen required for oxidation of hydrogen-rich reformed gas containing carbon monoxide, and mixing of reformed gas with air is enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross section of the heat exchanger.    Heat exchanger (26)    Upper flow path cuff part (32a)
NOVELTY - A microorganism having pollutant purification capability is filled in a polluted environment.    USE - The method is useful for the biological purification of a polluted environment, including soil or groundwater contaminated by the toxic substances, especially tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, methyl chloride, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, 1,2-dichloropropane, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, pentachlorobenzene, dioxin, benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylene, polycyclic aromatic compound, and heavy metals.    ADVANTAGE - The method reduces purifying microorganism loss due to predation by flagellates and ciliates. The microorganism degrades environmental pollutants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The biological purification of a polluted environment comprises: (a) sterilizing the filling point by using chemicals or by means of heat treatment; (b) filling the microorganism in the polluted environment.
NOVELTY - A bioremediation process, including the step of adding bacterivorous protozoa to the bacteria, is new.    USE - For biodegrading organic pollutants, e.g. petroleum-derived hydrocarbon and sewage compounds.    ADVANTAGE - The use of bacterivorous protozoa increases the efficiency of in situ bioremediation processes, and prevents bacterial clogging preventing further bioremediation, improves conductivity in aquifers, and increases the bioavailability of mineralized organic pollutants by contributing carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus to the ecosystem.
NOVELTY - A horticultural growing medium is produced by shredding green waste, allowing the green waste to compost in a treatment bin, and allowing worms to convert the composted material into a friable material that is suitable for use as a horticultural growing medium.    USE - As an organic horticultural growing medium.    ADVANTAGE - The horticultural growing medium produced is made largely of worm casts, an improvement over the high cost of conventional production of horticultural growing media.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a horticultural growing medium produced by the method.
NOVELTY - The process includes feeding the product gas stream to a fuel cell, the fuel cell using the product gas stream to generate electricity; and feeding the product gas stream exiting the fuel cell to the combustion device for combustion.    USE - Used for power generation from biomass.    ADVANTAGE - Provides very efficient, clean, modular, cost-effective, green and climate-change neutral power or combined heat and power generation from biomass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises (a) providing a fluidized bed containing a particulate material and a fluidizing medium, the fluidizing medium comprising steam; (b) combusting fuel source in a combustion device to form a combustion stream, the combustion stream indirectly heating the fluidized bed; (c) feeding a carbonaceous material to the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed being at a temperature sufficient for the carbonaceous material to endothermically react with the stream to form a product gas stream; (d) feeding the product gas stream to a fuel cell, the fuel cell using the product gas stream to generate electricity; and (e) feeding the product gas stream exiting the fuel cell to the combustion device for combustion. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a system for generating electricity from carbonaceous materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a block -flow diagram of a portion of the process.
NOVELTY - Invention relates to methods of malaria parasite culturing. In culturing Plasmodium falciparum in nutrient medium RPMI-1640 containing buffer HEPES, serum and sodium carbonate additionally antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and catalase are added additionally. These enzymes are isolated from human blood erythrocytes. Enzymes are added in the amounts that do not cause hemolysis of erythrocytes.    USE - Medicinal parasitology.    ADVANTAGE - Increased yield of parasites, accelerated accumulation of biomass.
NOVELTY - Solid waste is subjected to acid hydrolysis. Hydrolyzed solid waste is mixed with liquid one. Seeding is carried out with biomass of strain of bacteria Acinetobacter baumanni M-1. Liquid-phase fermentation is conducted at pH 6.5-7.5 at temperature 35-45 C. Prepared microbic suspension is separated, and aftercleaning of liquid flow is carried out. Condensed biomass is heat treated at temperature 90 C for 1 h and then dried thus preparing fodder protein. Solid waste and solid fraction formed after liquid-phase fermentation is subjected to solid-phase fermentation at pH 6.5-7.5 and temperature 35-45 C preparing final product - compost.    USE - Treatment of palm oil waste.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of ecological purity at production of palm oil and preparation of commercial goods in the form of fodder protein and compost. 5 cl, 1 ex
NOVELTY - Method involves preliminary and final dehydration of livestock wastes; providing preliminary dehydration by filtering within centrifugal force field relative to motion of livestock waste at separation factor of 80-150; providing final dehydration by centrifuging through filtering partition wall at maximum separation factor of 300-350 with following obtaining of solid fraction; discharging filtrate produced after preliminary and final dehydration processes into anaerobic pond; subjecting anaerobic silt, produced in anaerobic pond due to fermentation, to vacuum filtration dehydration or centrifuging via sediment layer and mixing with solid fraction. Method may be used for reprocessing of sewage water from pig farms and cattle farms.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced consumption of power used for reprocessing of manure, provision for producing large amounts of fertilizers with increased content of nutritive substances.
NOVELTY - Compost fermentation apparatus comprises compost raw material (14) stored in an air-tight treatment tank (1). Air is supplied from the lower part and high temperature fermentation is carried out.    USE - For manufacture of fertilizer from organic waste such as excrements of cattle, pig, chicken.    ADVANTAGE - Fertilizer of good quality is obtained from excrements. Fermentation of compost raw material is carried out with high efficiency at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front elevation view of the compost fermentation apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Compost raw material (14)    Air feed pipe (22)    Stirring auger (30)
NOVELTY - A processing apparatus (1) comprises a processing container (10) rotated by a drive unit (5), a screw member (11), a pipe member (15) to heat air discharged from an air charging system (20), a cover member (3) to cover the apparatus main body (2) and an exhaust gas device (25).    USE - For processing domestic organic refuse by performing fermentation using aerobic bacteria.    ADVANTAGE - The processing apparatus accelerates compost fermentation and discharges harmless processed gas to the environment. The apparatus is compact and hence the installation place is small.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A processing apparatus (1) comprises a processing container (10) rotated by a drive unit (5), a screw member (11) fixed inside the container, a pipe member (15) to heat air discharged from an air charging system (which supplies air via a pipe member) (20), a cover member (3) to cover the apparatus main body (2) and maintain an airtight condition and an exhaust gas device (25) to discharge processed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse processing apparatus (1)    Apparatus main body (2)    Cover member (3)    Drive unit (5)    Processing container (10)    Screw member (11)    Pipe member (15)    Air charging unit (20)    Exhaust gas device (25)
NOVELTY - Livestock excrement processing comprises drying a predetermined amount of deposited livestock excrement (30) by heating above 60 degrees Centigrade, such that fermentation bacteria do not become extinct. The fermentation of the excrement is accelerated by the supply of air.    USE - For processing livestock excrements such as cattle, pig and chicken excrements. Processed excrement is used as an organic fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Fermentation is efficient and the amount of release of odor to the atmosphere is minimized. Drying and fermentation of livestock excrement requires only a short period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the livestock excrement fermentation and drying apparatus which consists of fermenters (1-3) for depositing and fermenting livestock excrement. A warm water pipe (13a) is provided to the upper part of each of the fermenters. An air pipe (16a) with penetrating pores is provided at predefined intervals. A flue (22) for releasing gas generated within the fermenter is provided to the ceiling part (6) of the fermenter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective drawing of the livestock excrement fermentation and drying apparatus.    Fermenters (1-3)    Ceiling part (6)    Boiler (11)    Warm water circulating pump (12)    Warm water pipe (13a)    Compressor (15)    Air pipe (16a)    Preheating air pipe (17)    Flue (22)    Livestock excrement (30)
NOVELTY - A building structure for treating waste materials comprises a fermentation space (4) for receiving fermenter arranged inside a building (1) and a deodorant space (7) arranged above the fermentation space.    USE - For treating waste materials such as refuse of livestock dung or factory foodstuffs to reduce the organic materials.    ADVANTAGE - The building maintains the surrounding living environment without ejecting malodorous gas to the outdoors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A building structure for treating waste materials comprises a fermentation space (4) for receiving fermenter arranged inside a building (1) and a deodorant space (7) arranged above the fermentation space. Fresh air is taken in from compost disposal of a goods space (40) side of the fermentation space and the air is exhausted to the atmosphere from the deodorant space such that air flows in one direction only and the building is made air tight except the air flow line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a horizontal direction section drawing of the building.    Building (1)    Fermentation space (4)    Deodorant space (7)    Disposal of goods space (40)    Primary treatment chamber (71)    Secondary treatment chamber (72)
NOVELTY - A processed liquid supply line (30a) is connected from bioreactor to housing (31a) provided with a separation membrane element (1). A separation membrane module (22a) is equipped with permeation liquid line (34a) for sending out the liquid from the element (1). An opening (33a) is provided to the module on the housing, for the returning liquid not processed by the element to the bioreactor, by overflow.    USE - For use in bioreactor useful for sewage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Filtering is accurate and efficient. Filtration is stable and continuous and does not stop even when blocked with air. Accumulation of filtered concentrates in the module is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic perspective diagram of separation membrane module.    Separation membrane element (1)    Separation membrane module (22a)    Processed liquid supply line (30a)    Housing (31a)    Opening (33a)    Permeation liquid line (34a)
NOVELTY - The processed liquid containing suspended particles (SS) discharged from bioreaction tank is introduced into separation membrane element (1) of separation membrane module (22). Air is continuously supplied from lower part of element such that SS is formed as a layer on the separation membrane surface. The liquid permeated through the membrane is taken out by a pipe (34) which is connected to the element.    USE - For solid-liquid separation of processed liquid (containing suspended particles) discharged from bioreaction tank.    ADVANTAGE - A layer of suspended particle is maintained on the surface of separation membrane by supplying air continuously from the lower part of separation membrane element. The liquid is permeated through the separation membrane, at high velocity and accuracy. Thus, effective solid-liquid separation of processed liquid is carried out.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for separation membrane module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective diagram of separation membrane module.    Separation membrane element (1)    Separation membrane module (22)    Pipe (34)
NOVELTY - Filter (30) is immersed in a chemical cleaning solution (21) and aerated from below through an aeration pipe (22).    USE - For filter used for active sludge filtration.    ADVANTAGE - Sludge accumulated in the slime layer of the filtration fiber provided in the filter can be efficiently removed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the method of cleaning filter using chemical solution.    Washing tank (20)    Cleaning chemical solution (21)    Filter (30)
NOVELTY - The filter contains flat film separating unit (17) with water permeable porous film. Separator(s) (14) with cleaning port (21) washes the membrane (17) by supplying reverse current. The washing of separator is performed with chemical agent.    USE - For water purification.    ADVANTAGE - The sludge or slime deposited on the separator is removed effectively. The disinfection of water storage tank and piping is performed effectively as the impurities are removed. The formation of slime on the inner surface of the filtration unit is prevented for prolonged period. The efficiency of filtration is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective diagram of separator.    Separator (14)    Separating unit (17)    Cleaning port (21)
NOVELTY - The purification tank comprises treatment tank (1) which is provided with functional film (3). Tank is maintained under aerobic condition by diffusion tube (2). Recess of thread portion (4) adjusts the flow of air to diffusion tube. Regulating valve (5) which adjusts flow of air, and throttle valve (6) which secures minimum air content for cleaning functional film are arranged to recess of thread portion.    USE - For purifying waste water ejected from bathrooms and washing rooms, by membrane separation activated sludge method.    ADVANTAGE - The flow of air to the diffusion tube is adjusted by arranging regulating valve and throttle valve in the recess of thread portion. Thus, the amount of air required for cleaning the functional film is secured. Therefore, the functional film is cleaned effectively and the obstruction of film during filtration separation of sludge is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The filtration separation of sludge is carried out with the functional film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top elevation and side views of the principal part of purification tank.    Treatment tank (1)    Diffusion tube (2)    Functional film (3)    Recess of thread portion (4)    Regulating valve (5)    Throttle valve (6)
NOVELTY - Treating waste water comprises adding an addition agent to the water and removing the phosphorus. The treated water is nitrified by contacting with a microorganism in an aerobic state and oxidizing half of the ammonia in liquid phase to nitrous acid. The solution is then subjected to ammonia oxidation by contacting with a microorganism in an anoxia state.    USE - For treatment of ammonia and phosphorus content waste water such as anaerobic digested sludge or raw sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The ammonia and phosphorus content of waste water is biochemically and physicochemically treated. Ammonia and phosphorus are recovered as useful resources. The process is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Treating waste water comprises adding an addition agent to the water and removing the phosphorus. The treated water is nitrified by contacting with a microorganism in an aerobic state and oxidizing half of the ammonia in liquid phase to nitrous acid. The solution is then subjected to ammonia oxidation by contacting with a microorganism in an anoxia state. The ammonia and nitrous acid in liquid phase is converted to nitrogen which is removed.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for ammonia and phosphorus content waste water treatment apparatus comprising a phosphorus removal unit, nitrification unit, and ammonia oxidation unit.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing machine comprises a wooden fermentation drum (1) with a pair of shafts (4) at outer side. Covers (2,3) are openably provided at upper and lower sides of the drum. The shafts are mounted on a support frame (10) so that the drum is rotatable in vertical plane.    USE - For treatment of organic refuse from restaurants, residences.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies structure and minimizes dispersion of odor to external, by use of wooden drum to ferment the refuse. Simplifies handling of refuse by use of covers at top, bottom and sides of drum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic refuse processing machine comprises a wooden fermentation drum (1) with a pair of shafts (4) at outer side. Covers (2,3) are openably provided at upper and lower sides of the drum. The shafts are mounted on a support frame (10) so that the drum is rotatable in vertical plane. A paddle frame is enclosed inside the drum, to stir the contents poured inside. A separate cover is provided at the side of drum to feed raw garbage. A compost collection box (9) is fitted to the support frame, at the underside of the drum.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of organic refuse processing machine.    Drum (1)    Covers (2,3)    Shafts (4)    Compost collection box (9)    Support frame (10)
NOVELTY - A garbage processor comprising a crusher which crushes the garbage and a separator that isolates the solid and liquid components of the garbage, is new.    USE - For general use in the home or a restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - The use of the microorganism and processing liquid transforms the garbage into drainable liquid grade.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A new garbage processor comprises a crusher which crushes the garbage and a separator that isolates the solid and liquid components of the garbage. The liquid and solid components are moved to the respective tanks where the microorganism decomposes liquid and solid components, respectively. A processing liquid further decomposes the respective components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart explaining the operation of the raw garbage processor. (The drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Primary and secondary decomposition tanks decompose microorganisms in liquid and solid components of raw garbage respectively. Another auxiliary decomposition tank decomposes microorganisms in the processed liquid and solid material.    USE - For decomposing raw garbage ejected from home, restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - As the decomposition takes place in three different stages, high drain purification is attained. In secondary stage decomposition tank, the temperature is kept at specified value, hence microorganism is processed more effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature of secondary decomposition tank is 45 degrees or more.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of raw garbage processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus using microorganism comprises stirring blade (1) attached to stirring shaft (3), organic refuse processing tank (2) with an inlet (4) on top of the tank for adding organic refuse, carrier (6) filled with microorganism and inclined base. The carrier is added to the organic refuse treatment tank and inhabited.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Since the organic refuse treatment tank is installed in the even surface, degradability of organic refuse can be maintained in favorable state. In spite of insertion opening positioned in inclined plane, degradability of organic refuse can be maintained in favorable state. The apparatus is versatile for use and the carrier in the apparatus is not worn out for long period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Stirring blade (1)    Organic refuse treatment tank (2)    Stirring shaft (3)    Inlet (4)    Inclined base (5)    Carrier (6)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing machine comprises an injection chamber (A1) and process chamber (A2) divided by a partition wall (14). The process chamber is provided with a mouth (13) on the upper side, which is covered by a lid (16).    USE - For decomposition of waste from general home.    ADVANTAGE - Over drying state of processing chamber is prevented and hence cleaning confirmation inside tank is made without difficulty. Airtightness inside fermentation treatment tank is simply maintained by sealing process chamber with lid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic refuse processing machine comprises an injection chamber (A1) and process chamber (A2) divided by a partition wall (14). The process chamber is provided with a mouth (13) on the upper side, which is covered by a lid (16). The upper opening (11) provided on the casing (10) is covered by an outside lid (12). A stirring shaft (B) is provided rotatably inside the injection and process chambers. The organic refuse is supplied to the injection chamber by the stirring shaft and fermentation process is carried out. The overflow movement of treated substance is carried out from injection chamber, through connection line provided to the partition wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows traverse plane sectional view of organic refuse processing machine.    Casing (10)    Upper opening (11)    Lid (12,16)    Partition wall (14)    Mouth (13)    Injection chamber (A1)    Process chamber (A2)    Stirring rake shaft (B)
NOVELTY - Producing bacteria culturing and moisture adjustment material comprises mixing two kinds of fibers at a size ratio between 1:15 and 1:1.5 as culture and moisture adjustment material to a raw garbage A'. The fibers contain several minutely cut coconut fibers (1) and rice husks.    USE - The material is used in a raw garbage processing machine which uses a microorganism for processing.    ADVANTAGE - The method makes use of coconut fibers and rice husks which do not decompose easily by the activity of soil bacteria, therefore extends the durability of the culture and moisture adjustment material. It achieves a well balanced coexistence of coconut fiber and rice husk. It improves the moisture retaining capacity and air permeability by using the coconut fiber and rice husk which enhances the microorganism activity, resulting in fast decomposition of garbage. It forms suitable culture medium for the bacteria by the large surface area of coconut fibers compared with the volume. It improves the adhesion of coconut fibers with the garbage by minutely cutting the coconut fibers. It neutralizes hydrogen ion concentration by maintaining the alkalinity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the mixture state of the culturing medium, moisture adjustment material and the garbage.    Coconut fibers (1)
NOVELTY - A microorganism carrier comprises dissolved grain-like slag generated during casting of pig iron.    USE - For organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Use of industrial waste such as waste slag as microorganism carrier is enabled.
NOVELTY - An electric heater (10), blower (19), stirring motor and automatic door mechanism (40) are controlled using controller (20). Primary timer (21) sets processing time during electric supply. A secondary timer (22) sets emission time of organic waste when preset time is delayed after completion of processing time set with primary timer.    USE - For treating refuses generated from food centers, catering businesses, or restaurants.    ADVANTAGE - Since processing time and emission time are set with timers, organic waste is treated economically and reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electric heater, blower and stirring machine are started when the primary timer is started. After preset time is delayed from the completion of processing time, electric heater and blower are stopped. The stirring mechanism and opening operation of automatic door mechanism are started when secondary timer is started. The stirring mechanism is stopped after preset time is delayed from the time set with secondary timer. A sensor is provided to detect the stop position of stirring motor at which stirring blade positions under the insertion opening of accommodation tank. A controller stops the stirring motor when the stop position of it is detected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of control system of organic waste processing apparatus. The drawing contains non-English text.    Electric heater (10)    Blower (14)    Controller (20)    Primary timer (21)    Secondary timer (22)    Automatic door mechanism (40)
NOVELTY - The fermentation processing apparatus has rotating stirring blades (15,16,18) provided in the fermenter (6). The partition plates (10a,10b) regulates axial direction movement of organic material. The stirring blade (15) feeds the organic material axially and the blade (18) returns the material to the injection side so as to mix thoroughly.    USE - For fermentation process of organic material such as organic refuse, livestock excrement, agricultural waste material, food processing residue and sludge aerobically. Useful for recovering soil improvement material or organic substance fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The tank is sufficiently filled with organic material and treated at high speed. The dumpling of organic material and inhibition of air permeability are prevented accordingly which increases the reliability of fermentation process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The partition plates divides the fermenter into zones from lower end to the upper end at predetermined height.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an organic material fermentation processing method which involves stirring organic material received in the fermenter by rotating the stirring blades.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the fermentation process apparatus.    Fermenter (6)    Partition plates (10a,10b)    Blades (15,16,18)
NOVELTY - The exhaust gas from the decomposition tank (5) is passed through a filter (16), dehumidifier (17) and introduced into a catalyst type deodorizing apparatus (19) by a suction blower (18). A waste heat recovery device (20) is provided to heat the decomposition tank using the heat ejected from the catalyst type deodorizing apparatus.    USE - For organic refuse processing apparatus in which organic refuse is decomposed into water and carbon-dioxide by the microbial cell.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the provision of catalyst type deodorizing apparatus, the odor in the organic refuse is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide, and secondary public health hazard is prevented. Provision of waste heat recovery device reduces energy requirement for heating and provision of suction blower prevents leakage of odor and exhaust tube line is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic refuse and microbial cell are stirred by a stirrer (6) inside the decomposition tank to which air is supplied by an air supply device (10), and water is sprinkled by a water sprinkler (12) for humidity control. The exhaust gas from the tank is drawn via a siphon (14) and exhaust tube line (15), and passed through the filter and dehumidifier by the suction effect of the blower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Decomposition tank (5)    Stirrer (6)    Air supply device (10)    Water sprinkler (12)    Siphon (14)    Exhaust tube line (15)    Filter (16)    Dehumidifier (17)    Suction blower (18)    Catalyst type deodorizing apparatus (19)    Waste heat recovery device (20)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprises a thermosensor for measuring the airflow temperature. A decision apparatus for determining the reduction in flow rate of air is installed. The temperature is maintained above a predetermined temperature or above predetermined increasing rate.    USE - For processing of organic refuse used in food processing fields such as for cooking and other foodstuff production fields such as vegetables.    ADVANTAGE - As temperature of airflow is measured accurately and reduction of airflow rate is detected, efficiency of deodorant exhaust gas is maintained. The alarm can be taken out during generation of clogging, hence repairing process is made convenient. By installing thermosensor near the heat emitting element, the temperature change of the air is measured precisely.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprises processing unit (S) for biodegradation and treatment of organic refuse and recovery portion (K) for collecting processed biodegraded material. The odor from the processing and recovery portions are removed/deodorized and exhausted through deodorant exhaust portion (D). A thermosensor is arranged in the deodorant case (60) of deodorant exhaust portion. The airflow temperature is measured by the thermosensor and the temperature is raised to more than predetermined airflow temperature or above predetermined increasing rate. A decision apparatus for determining the reduction in flow rate of air is installed.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing of organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side-sectional drawing of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (20)    Odor guide duct (50)    Deodorant case (60)    Deodorant exhaust portion (D)    Recovery portion (K)    Processing unit (S)
NOVELTY - Packed beds (5) of waste are arranged in a tank of fermenter (1) (provided with two or more openable partitions (2)), to form gaseous phase portions (4) below partition which exists directly above waste or fermented material. Air for fermentation is supplied from above each of the partitions and is exhausted from the top of each packed bed. The packed beds are removed by opening the partition.    USE - For forming compost from organic solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - Oxygen required for fermentation is uniformly supplied to each of the packed beds in the multi-stage fermenting apparatus. Rapid fermentation can be performed and high quality compost is obtained by using a simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus used for aerobic fermentation comprising fermenter provided with openable partitions consisting of rotation shelf (13) fixed to a rotation axis. Oxygen supply unit (18) is located above the rotation shelf.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional drawing of the fermenting apparatus.    Fermenter (1)    Openable partition (2)    Gaseous phase portion (4)    Packed bed (5)    Rotation shelf (13)    Oxygen supply unit (18)    Barometer (23)
NOVELTY - Burkholderia cepacia 1A (FERM P-15566) is grown in the presence of polystyrene, in air lift bioreactor comprising a draft tube and microbial cell peeling unit.    USE - For treating waste water containing phenol (claimed) from petroleum refinery and chemical plant using air lift type bioreactor.    ADVANTAGE - The growth promotion method enables growth of Burkholderia cepacia 1A under low nutrition condition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an airlift type bioreactor for promoting Burkholderia cepacia 1A.
NOVELTY - Canopy board (20) of lid has transparent material, heat insulation material (21) with its sides having elasticity and odor absorption and water absorption material (22). Base material of lid, has rigid material with its outer side comprising mesh material (24) with inner side air permeable. Lid is formed with container into which fermentation bag with ear portion at its bottom is inserted.    USE - For disposal of domestic and hotel food refuses.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents diffusion of smell outside due to provision of odor absorption and water absorption material in the lid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of container and cross-sectional view of lid portion.    Canopy board (20)    Heat insulation material (21)    Water absorption material (22)    Mesh material (24)
NOVELTY - The system comprises an airtight casing in which the organic refuse is directly fed through sink (1). The refuse is ground, after cutting the refuse into small pieces. Moisture is removed from the refuse. The water free organic substance is supplied with bacteria in a drum and converted into compost.    USE - For organic waste from kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Processing of organic refuse reduces environmental pollution, since bacteria is supplied to the waste to get useful compost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The curing drum is made of rust proof metal. The water vapor, generated during curing is made to condense in the upper drum cover. External air is made to circulate through the drum. The bottom of the drum is covered by wire nut which include closable vent for extraction of cured compost. The cutter (6) includes spiral blade, which is arranged with grinding apparatus. The grinding apparatus includes grinding blade. The gap between the grinding blade are adjusted based on load. The cutting drive mechanism and rotary drive mechanism for grinding mechanism are arranged in a waterproof casing. The moisture removal apparatus consists of centrifugal separator (27) which is coupled to the grinding apparatus mixing of bacteria is performed by air mixing nozzle. A controller regulates the air supply collection of compost is performed using plastic bag.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic refuse recycle apparatus.    Sink (1)    Cutter (6)    Centrifugal separator (27)
NOVELTY - A receptacle (15) is fitted detachably under a sink (1) to collect the organic refuse from the sink. Water content is removed from refuse and is processed. Fat and oil contents and organic matter mixed in water, are separated and processed.    USE - For collecting and processing organic refuse ejected from domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - As receptacle is fitted directly under sink, refuse is collected hygienically and recycling of refuse is carried out easily after processing. As organic matter and fat or oil content is removed from waste, waste water is treated easily and efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of refuse collection apparatus.    sink (1)    odor shield rubber (2)    ring screw (3)    packing (4, 5, 6)    pipe (7)    slide bush (8)    spring (9)    ring (10, 11)    rod (12)    vertical slide lid (13)    steering wheel (14)    receptacle (15)    seal ring (16)    organic refuse (17)    filter (18)    automatic opening-closing (19)    guide (20-1)    compression ring (20-2)    ball plunger (21)    drainage pipe (22)    frame (23, 24)    pantograph link (25, 26, 28)    tensile spring (27)    bracket (28)
NOVELTY - A cylindrical drum (12) rotated by an actuator (13), is provided with wooden chips to adhere microorganism to the inner side. A hot air feeder (14) is provided to supply hot air into the drum. The drum temperature is maintained from 30-60degreesC and humidity in the range of 60-90% to process raw garbage by the microorganism.    USE - For processing kitchen wastes disposed from home.    ADVANTAGE - Need for replacement of chips is reduced, as chip abrasion is decreased. Increase in torque during rotation of drum is prevented by avoiding generation of twist with rotary joint.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for garbage processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of raw garbage processor.    Drum (12)    Actuator (13)    Hot air feeder (14)
NOVELTY - The machine comprises a processing tank (100) enclosed in a casing (200). A window hole (44) on upper section (20) of the tank is connected with window hole (74) on the casing by a leading path (53) with fan. The opening rate of leading path is controlled by a gate board whose opening rate is changed by a hand regulation board.    USE - To process raw garbage by aerobic microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - Exhaust gas in processing machine is ejected uniformly and efficiently by leading path whose opening is controlled by a gate board.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of raw garbage processing machine.    Upper section (20)    Window hole (44)    Leading path (53)    Window hole (74)    Processing tank (100)    Casing (200)
NOVELTY - A deodorant comprises Actinomyces or Streptomyces, as active ingredient.    USE - For deodorizing odor component in organic sludge (claimed), such as from refuse, and sewage works, refuse incineration plants, compost processing plants and human waste treatment plants, by degradation.    ADVANTAGE - The deodorant is safe to humans. The deodorant efficiently degrades odor in organic sludge. The deodorant effectively reduces the cost of disposing the sludge cake, as it minimizes the usage of electricity and machinery. The deodorant has good degreasing and compost enhancing effects.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a deodorization process which involves contacting the deodorant with the substance to be deodorized;    (2) a deodorant member (18) comprising a gas and/or a liquid permeating bag, filled with a zeolite-microorganism-type composite, obtained by contacting zeolite with Actinomyces or Streptomyces microorganism;    (3) a deodorizing apparatus comprising a deodorant tower (11) with an inlet (12) and an outlet (13); and    (4) a compost promoter which comprises Actinomyces or Streptomyces, as active ingredient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the deodorization apparatus.    Deodorant tower (11)    Inlet (12)    Outlet (13)    Nozzle (14)    Pellet layer (16)    Deodorant member (18)    Circulating pump (19)
NOVELTY - A composting system comprising processing cell(s) (A, B, C, D) including adjoining ways (AA, BB, CC, DD) for successively transferring the biomasses being processed from a supply way to an unloading way, where each of the ways is coupled to an air distribution assembly, is new.    USE - For use in processing biomasses.    ADVANTAGE - The invention optimizes the environmental conditions in its bio-oxidation section, provides a greater air rate (more number of air exchanges per hour) through the system operating sectors or sections (the biomass reversing and translation sections), generating a comparatively high amount of ill-odorous substances, as well as air moisture and powder (with a consequent reduction of the visibility). The system can be easily made from easily available elements and materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view illustrating the inventive assembly of cells made of several adjoining ways.    Processing cells (A, B, C, D)    Adjoining ways (AA, BB, CC, DD)
NOVELTY - A plant for treating and disposing of waste, comprising a gasifier to convert the waste into synthesis gas, and a module for energetically evaluating the synthesis gas, is new.    USE - For the disposal of household waste.    ADVANTAGE - The waste can be effectively disposed of.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: A fine sieving dewatering device is integrated into the plant. A fermenter is also integrated into the plant to ferment the effluent from the fine sieving dewatering batch. A pipe from the fermenter to the gasifier is formed so that biogas formed in the fermenter is fed to the gasifier. A pipe is formed between the fermenter and the vaporizer, in which a vapor production module is formed. The plant also contains a pelleting unit, preferably before the gasifier. The energy production module is formed as block heating power unit and/or a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The conveying screw (3) is turned about its axis (6). Fastened to the periphery of its spiral (5) scoops (9) lift and drop the materials being fired, during screw rotation.    USE - To burn waste or heat-treat bulk materials, with excellent mixing.    ADVANTAGE - The tubular furnace with spiral conveyor, is economically equipped to assure good mixing of materials being fired. Material is circulated and mixed as required, accompanied by lifting and free fall. The design can be adjusted for any required degree of mixing. Operation, design and mounting of the furnace are further discussed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - In a longitudinal schematic, hidden detail of the screw and scoops is shown in broken lines.    conveying screw (3)    spiral (5)    axis (6)    scoops (9)
NOVELTY - An organic fertilizer is prepared from the dung and droppings of animals (pig, ox, etc.) and fowls through mixing with straw, stalk and fermenting bacteria, fermenting and crushing. It can be used for vegetables, flowers, lawns and rice seedlings. Its advantages are high fertility and environmental protection.
NOVELTY - A low-temp pressure reduced process for preparing natural nutritive liquid of animal and plant includes such steps as passing the raw animal and plant materials through alternative electromagnetic field in the cavity of container, pumping out the water vapour from raw materials at boiling point and 0.042-0.2MPa and condensing. Its advantages are rich in bioactive materials, and health-care function of providing nutrients, beautifying face, and treating cancer, cirrhosis, hypertension, hyperlipemia, etc.
NOVELTY - An ecological organic fertilizer is made up by adopting the following steps: mixing chicken manure, domestic fungus culture material, bran and quick lime, and making fermentation, adding deodorant agent consisting of ferrous sulfate and magnesium sulfate aqueous solutions to make deodorizing treatment, then adding pH regulating agent formed from 40 % of phosphoric acid solution and 60 % of sulfuric acid solution to regulate pH value, adding sterilizing agent formed from 37 % of formaldehyde aqueous solution to make sterilization, and finally adding urea for synergistic action so as to obtain the invented product with the advantages of high fertilizer efficiency, long fertilizity, good ecological effect and good function for promoting crops growth and raising yield.
NOVELTY - An environmental protection biological bacterial fertilizer (I) is formed comprising mixing the culture medium and microbial inoculum containing 5 kinds of bacteria such as actinomycetes, saccharomycetes, silicate potassium bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, according to a certain proportion and fermenting. (I) contains no inorganic chemical fertilizer, does not damage and contaminate soil, can raise water-retaining and fertility-retaining capacity of soil, and can improve soil beneficial microbial ecological system, so that it is a good fertilizer for producing green agricultural products.
NOVELTY - Converting house refuse into high-effective organic fertilizer by using bio-engineering technology, and its fermentation underground tank and high-effective biological fermentation agent, which is formed from (bacterial number percentage) 10-40% of viridin, 10-40% of actinomycetes, 10-40% of yeast cell and 10-40% of lichen bacillus. The refuse is fermented in the fermentation underground tank formed from vent pipe, tank body, protecting pipe for temperature measuring, air pipe, inlet, pipe, sewage pipe and cover supporting frame, and then fed into curing pool, screened, magnetic-selected, pulverized and mixed with compound biological bacterial preparation so as to obtain the invented high-effective biological organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Recovery of oil from a subterranean formation comprises injection of cellular organisms in an aqueous stream. The cellular organism is produced as a by-product from other industrial processes.    USE - The process is used for recovering oil from subterranean oil bearing rock formation. It can be used to modify the injection water flow in the reservoir and to cause the disassociation of residual oil within the pore spaces of the formation.    ADVANTAGE - The invention enhances the recovery of oil. It can be done in a much lesser cost and is less complex in maintaining living organisms in the reservoir formation.
NOVELTY - A catalyst structure comprises a first porous structure with first pore surface area and pore size of at least 0.1 micron; a buffer layer; and a porous interfacial layer with second pore surface area and pore size less of than the first pore size. The catalyst is cobalt, ruthenium, iron, rhenium, nickel, and/or osmium, placed on the second pore surface area.    USE - For Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides the ability to hydrogenate carbon monoxide with low contact times, good conversion rates, and low methane selectivities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for :    (a) a method of Fischer-Tropsch reaction comprising providing the inventive catalyst structure, and passing a feed stream having a mixture of hydrogen gas with carbon monoxide gas through the catalyst structure and heating the catalyst structure to at least 200degreesC and operating pressure;    (b) a method of making a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst structure; and    (c) a Fischer-Tropsch reactor comprising the catalyst structure.    The feed stream has a residence time within the catalyst structure of less than 5 seconds, thus obtaining a product stream of at least 25% conversion of carbon monoxide, and at most 25% selectivity toward methane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross section of a catalyst structure.    Porous structure (100)    Buffer layer (102)    Interfacial layer (104)
NOVELTY - Treating combustible waste comprises: (I) (a) destructive distillation, to give carbonized products and a combustible gas; and (b) purifying a process exhaust gas; or it comprises: (II) (i) preliminary destructive distillation, to give a preliminary carbonized product; (ii) molding this; and (iii) subjecting the molding to destructive distillation, to give a carbonized product.    USE - For activated carbon (claimed) and carbonized products (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method gives no generation of harmful substances such as hydrogen chloride and dioxin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for (III) a method for treating combustible waste, comprising destructive distillation at 500-1000 degrees C, to give carbonized products and a combustible gas.
NOVELTY - Methane alarm has bridge measurement circuit, DC meter, analog-to-digital converter, arithmetic-logic device, storage and storage battery. Output of digital-to-analog converter is linked to input of DC amplifier whose output is connected to input of bridge measurement circuit and first input of analog commutator. Output of bridge measurement circuit and storage battery are connected correspondingly to second and third inputs of analog commutator. Output of analog commutator is connected to input of analog-to-digital converter which output is linked to first input of arithmetic-logic device whose first, second, third and fourth outputs are connected correspondingly to input of digital-to-analog converter, input of indicator of threshold level, fourth input of analog commutator and input of storage. Second input of arithmetic-logic device is connected to output of storage. Digital processing of signals makes it feasible to increase measurement accuracy and to simplify procedure of adjustment and tuning.    USE - Aids monitoring mine atmosphere, devices warning on maximum permissible concentration of methane in atmosphere.    ADVANTAGE - Increased measurement accuracy, simplified procedure of adjustment and tuning.
NOVELTY - The flow rate of LPG gas through opening of flow control valve (5) after switching start of town gas to LPG, is adjusted so that it is set equal to town gas. The flow rate of LPG gas is adjusted with respect to simulation value computed beforehand. After preset time (t2) from finalizing of substitution of town gas by LPG, the flow rate of LPG is adjusted to optimum value corresponding to its composition.    USE - For operating fuel battery with original fuel switching installation.    ADVANTAGE - Secures sufficient supply of raw material gas, thus enabling smooth and continuous operation of fuel battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows example of fuel battery with original fuel switching installation.    Control valve (5)
NOVELTY - A catalytic combustion device comprises catalytic combustion unit connected to down stream side of heater for heating oxygen containing gas. The heater rises the interior temperature of catalytic combustion unit.    USE - For fuel cell system and fuel reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyzed combustion device minimizes the initiation time of overall fuel system. Temperature-rise of the device is carried out immediately in a short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for catalytic combustion device warming method. Hot oxygen containing gas is formed in heating unit, and locally introduced to catalytic combustion unit to raise temperature of the catalytic combustion unit. A mixed gas containing combustion gas and hot oxygen containing gas is introduced into catalytic combustion unit and burnt. Portion(s) of combusted gas is recovered and introduced to the upstream side of catalytic combustion unit through combustion exhaust gas inlet. The combusted gas introduced through inlet warms up catalytic combustion device.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system (1) consists of a reformer (2) which reforms hydrogen containing compound, to obtain hydrogen rich mixed gas. A hydrogen separation device (3) with hydrogen permeation film is provided between reformer and fuel cell (4), for separation of hydrogen from mixed gas obtained from reformer.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The circulation use for unconverted gas from fuel cell is enabled by the fuel cell system. Since heating gas with highly pure hydrogen gas is supplied to the fuel cell, the energy transformation efficiency of hydrogen gas is high, and poisoning of catalyst in fuel cell is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell produces electromotive force by reacting hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen permeation film is palladium alloy permeable film or solid polymeric hollow fiber membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram of fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (1)    Reformer (2)    Hydrogen separation unit (3)    Fuel cell (4)
NOVELTY - Carbonization gas storage portion (2a) on combustion chamber (1a), accumulates carbonization gas. A carbide spillway (6) is provided in lower portion of projecting end of combustion chamber. The lower end of the carbide spillway is opened to water contained in a tank (7).    USE - For carbonizing treated municipal waste such as organic refuse, paper, plastics, ashes to get briquette which is used as fuel for steam generation.    ADVANTAGE - Enables advancing of carbonization smoothly. Simplifies process of treated municipal waste. Prevents generation of foul smell by high temperature combustion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A carbonization gas supply path (4) is provided to connect the gas storage and the combustion chamber. A hopper (5) which supplies raw material for carbonization, is provided in the upper portion at one projecting end of a flue (1b).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side sectional view of carbonization device.    Combustion chamber (1a)    Flue (1b)    Carbonization gas storage portion (2a)    Carbonization gas supply path (4)    Hopper (5)    Spillway (6)    Tank (7)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse is degraded by a carrier (12) containing microorganism, in a degradation tank (11). When the pH of the microorganism carrier (detected by pH measuring unit (32,33)) rises above or below a predetermined pH, refuse is degraded. A pH regulator is supplied to the tank by a feed zone (36).    USE - For processing organic refuse ejected in kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The growth environment of microorganism is provided by suitably adjusting the pH of microorganism carrier and organic refuse is processed efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Degradation tank (11)    Microorganism carrier (12)    pH measuring units (32,33)    pH regulator feed zone (36)
NOVELTY - A rotation ring (72) with a circular bottom board (72a), is attached to a fixed ring (71). A drive unit (73) drives the rotation ring. A guidance board (74) is attached to the setting portion of fixed ring. The guidance board guides and conveys the carriage on bottom board to the periphery side of the rotation ring, for ejection of the carriage.    USE - For conveyance of carriage.    ADVANTAGE - The conveyor easily conveys carriage along preset circular path. Provides compact structure at cheap cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The drive unit is arranged to the periphery of the fixed ring and the rotation ring.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the circular conveyor.    Fixed ring (71)    Rotation ring (72)    Bottom board (72a)    Drive unit (73)    Guidance board (74)
NOVELTY - A sensor (1) is fixed inside a process tank (6), to optically detect the moisture content of garbage (11). A controller is installed for adjusting moisture content of garbage to a specified value based on a signal from the sensor.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - As the moisture content is detected optically without contacting the organic refuse, degradation of processing apparatus by friction is avoided and so detection accuracy is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Sensor (1)    Process tank (6)    Garbage (11)
NOVELTY - The processing apparatus has a revolving frame supported rotatably in support arranged in accommodation tank. A stirring unit driven by motors (32,42), is arranged in the frame driven by motors. When abnormality in operation of removing frame and stirring unit is detected by control unit, operation of motors is stopped.    USE - For processing compost.    ADVANTAGE - As operation of motors is stopped when abnormality is detected by a control unit, overload acting and revolving frame is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The abnormality in operation of the revolving frame is detected by a detection unit, based on the swing speed of the moving frame. The detection unit in the control unit includes a ring plate, proximity switch and timers. The control unit includes an operating relay circuit (106), switching circuit and relay (103).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of control unit.    Motors (32,42)    Relay (103)    Relay circuit (106)
NOVELTY - Drain pipes (7a,7b) of permeable conveyors (2a,2b) are connected to main drain pipes (8a,8b) leading to feed water tanks (9a,9b). Automatic valve (14) provided in the main drain pipes is actuated depending on output of pressure sensor.    USE - Used in conveyor-type processing apparatus for treating cereal and malt used as feedstock in enzyme industry and brewery.    ADVANTAGE - Hydraulic pressure sensor and automatic valve prevent vapor leakage and air leakage without pumping in main drain pipe. Vapor drain and vapor wash water can be recycled as wash water. Sanitation is improved by complete ejection of vapor drain water and vapor wash water. Lower number of nozzles improves maintenance and reduces installation cost. Simplified nozzle reciprocating mechanism is realized using a traverse cam. Effective washing of the conveyor and excellent sanitation are ensured by combined use of air nozzle. Accurate washing is ensured by limiting the ejection angle of washing nozzle or air nozzle. An existing conveyor can be washed and dried using less number of nozzles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of drain cum washing arrangement.    Conveyors (2a,2b)    Drain pipes (7a,7b)    Main drain pipes (8a,8b)    Feed water tanks (9a,9b)    Automatic valve (14)
NOVELTY - When kick down operation of accelerator pedal is detected, the electric power allocated to motor is increased, so as to increase power supplied for starting fuel modification system containing fuel reformer and air supply unit.    USE - For fuel cell of hybrid vehicle, motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - As electric power allocated to motor is increased, when the kick down operation of accelerator pedal is detected, running performance required during starting of fuel modification system is obtained easily and efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of electric power allocation control apparatus.
NOVELTY - A methanol reforming catalyst comprises an oxide containing copper, zinc and aluminum.    USE - For reforming methanol (claimed) for the generation of hydrogen used as a fuel gas for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell in a motor car.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst promotes both steam reforming reaction and partial oxidation reaction simultaneously, thereby enabling high methanol conversion rate and suppress the carbon monoxide formation. Since the steam reforming reaction is endothermic reaction and the partial oxidizing reaction is an exothermic reaction, the control of balance of heat amount is made possible. Usage of a hydrogen manufacturing apparatus with compact size and excellent in start-up performance is enabled. The catalyst enables manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas containing carbon monoxide in an amount less than 4%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) the manufacture of a methanol reforming catalyst comprising reacting an aqueous solution containing copper component, an aqueous solution containing zinc component and an aqueous solution containing aluminum component with a precipitant consisting of alkaline aqueous solution, where the basic metal carbonate containing copper, zinc and aluminum is precipitated under alkaline condition and the precipitate of the basic metal carbonate is washed and sintered; and    (ii) a methanol reforming method comprising contacting a gas containing methanol, steam and oxygen with a methanol reforming catalyst to allow methanol to react with oxygen and steam to form hydrogen containing gas.
NOVELTY - Liquefied nitrous oxide is guided to a vaporizer (108) from purification tank (106) and the vapor is passed into distillation column (104) and then to a condenser (102) to remove light impurities.    USE - For purification of nitrous oxide gas by removing light impurities such as nitrogen, oxygen, methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and nitric oxide.    ADVANTAGE - An efficient and effective method for purification of nitrous oxide is offered.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for nitrous oxide purification system (100) comprising purification tank for holding the liquefied nitrous oxide, vaporizer connected to purification tank, distillation column at distal end of purification tank and a condenser disposed on the distillation column.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic drawing of nitrous oxide purification system.    Purification system (100)    Condenser (102)    Distillation column (104)    Purification tank (106)    Vaporizer (108)    Dry bed vessels (110, 114)    Product tank (118)    Liquid pump (120)    Liquid filter (122)    Holding vessel (124)
NOVELTY - Use of paper, fibrous materials or fibrous moldings containing active material comprises using the material for treating gases, especially for purifying air.    USE - The method is used for purification of industrial waste gas, air, gases, outdoor air at sites with dense traffic and indoor air in rooms, passenger compartments, kitchens (extractors), offices, public houses, toilets, assembly rooms and air-conditioning plant; for individual protection, especially as combined dust-/gas mask; and in extraction hoods (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - These materials, which are already used for water treatment, are also suitable for the other cited purposes.
NOVELTY - A fuel processing system comprises steam reformer for producing product stream containing hydrogen gas from a feed stream containing carbon-containing feedstock and water; and feed assembly for delivering the feed stream to the steam reformer.    USE - Used for producing hydrogen gas from a carbon-containing feedstock, e.g. methane and/or propane (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel processing system provides careful indexing and control of the ratio of water (steam) to carbon-containing feedstock.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel processing system comprises a steam reformer for producing a product stream containing hydrogen gas from a feed stream containing carbon-containing feedstock and water; and feed assembly for delivering the feed stream to the steam reformer. The feed assembly comprises reservoir for liquid water including feedstock inlet, water inlet, and outlet through which the feedstock is delivered to the steam reformer; and carbon-containing feedstock delivery system for delivering the feedstock to the feedstock inlet of the reservoir.
NOVELTY - A moisture meter (2) measures quantity of moisture in refuse coming out of a drier (1) before compression molding. When the moisture content is less, a damper (3) allows the refuse to flow into the manufacture system and when it is more, the refuse is discharged out of the system. The damper is controlled by a sequencer (4).    USE - For discharging high moisture content refuse in refuse derived fuel (RDF) manufacture system.    ADVANTAGE - Transportation and storage properties of the refuse are improved. Can be used in small scale as refuse processor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the RDF manufacturing system.    Drier (1)    Moisture meter (2)    Damper (3)    Sequencer (4)
NOVELTY - Organic waste (w) is heated in a vacuum carbonization furnace (20) with an electrical heater (22). Air containing tar, dust and water vapor in the carbonization furnace is attracted via the air suction route (54) and sent tangentially into a separation tank (30) via the feed pipe (51), where the tar, dust etc are separated. The air is exhausted from separation tank via a deodorizer (40).    USE - For organic waste such as domestic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The tar does not adhere to the furnace wall surface and is separated by separation tank before exhausting to atmosphere. Carbonization is carried out reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of the carbonization apparatus.    Carbonization furnace (20)    Electrical heater (22)    Separation tank (30)    Deodorizer(50) Air compressor (40)    Face feed pipe (51)    Ejector (52)    Air suction path(w) Organic waste (54)
NOVELTY - A carbon content solid held by a carbonaceous carrier is formed by solidification of condensable organic substance contained in thermolysis product gas of organic substance.    USE - For manufacture of methane (claimed) and also as a solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Condensation of organic substance into the inner pipe wall surface and apparatus internal surface is prevented effectively. Handling property is favorable since the solid is held by the carbonaceous carrier. Effective usage of organic waste is enabled and high industrial usage is offered.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) manufacture of carbon content solid which involves thermolysis of organic substance to form a product gas and residue, making the condensation property organic substance of the product gas to adhere on carbonaceous carrier followed by polymerization of the polymerizable component in the organic substance; (ii) manufacture of methane by reacting the carbon content raw material with hydrogen.
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide selective oxidation apparatus (30) comprises a cooling system (40) which cools the reaction vessel for oxidation and a cooling control unit (80) for controlling the cooling. The reaction vessel is filled with catalyst for oxidizing selectively, carbon monoxide available in hydrogen-rich gas from modifier (22).    USE - For selective oxidation of carbon monoxide for supplying hydrogen-rich fuel, in fuel reformer for fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of the CO selective oxidation apparatus is maintained at preset value for oxidation and sufficient quantity of water vapor is obtained within short period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) fuel reformer system;    (b) combined system for carbon monoxide selective oxidation;    (c) water vapor production by heat exchange of cooling medium    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel reformer system.    Fuel reformer system (20)    Modifier (22)    CO selective oxidation part (30)    Cooling system (40)    Water vapor production apparatus (60)    Control unit (80)
NOVELTY - A modifier (1) produces hydrogen gas from fuel and water vapor. The hydrogen gas is cooled in a heat exchanger (2). The water in the gas is separated by a separator (3) connected to heat exchanger. The water is collected in tank (4) through pipe (5) equipped with diaphragm (6).    USE - For alcoholic fuel used in battery.    ADVANTAGE - Due to provision of diaphragm of tubular shape, the water vapor is condensed effectively and fed into tank. The apparatus is thus simplified. The separator ensures elimination of water vapors in H2 gas without exposing hydrogen gas to atmosphere. Therefore the danger of explosion is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional view of battery fuel modifier.    Modifier (1)    Heat exchanger (2)    Separator (3)    Tank (4)    Pipe (5)    Diaphragm (6)
NOVELTY - The combined component has an exhaust gas catalyser with an essentially cylindrical housing, inlet and outlet ports, a first inner tube (6) coaxial to the housing axis connected to the housing lid on the gas inlet side, a second coaxial outer tube (8) also connected to the lid on the inlet side and catalyser material between the tubes for catalytic oxidation of anode gas. An evaporator (20b, 21b) is arranged between the inner and outer tubes to evaporate material fed to the fuel cell system    USE - For recombustion of anode gas from fuel cell system and for evaporating material fed to fuel cell system, esp. for mobile applications.    ADVANTAGE - Cost and wt. are saved in an exhaust gas catalyser and evaporator for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a combined component    inner tube (6)    outer tube (8)    evaporator (20b, 21b)    .
NOVELTY - A water flow path for cooling the unit cell (2) is formed, penetrating inside a fuel cell module (1). An unit cell (2a) which has water repellent property lower than other unit cell, is placed near the inlet of the flow path.    USE - For generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need of special apparatuses such as heat resistor. With simple structure, the water repellent property of the unit cell is adjusted. Since whole module is covered, sufficient humidification is performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solid polymer electrolyte film is interposed between fuel electrode and oxidizing agent electrode of unit cell that are laminated to form an integral fuel cell module. The heating gas is supplied to fuel electrode and oxidizing agent electrode is supplied with oxidizing agent gas, to generate electric power by unit cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell.    Fuel cell module (1)    Unit cells (2,2a)
NOVELTY - The unit cell comprises a matrix structure formed by arranging cathode and anode on both sides of an electrolyte film. Oxidizing agent is supplied to cathode and fuel is supplied to anode through corresponding flow paths. The circulation direction of oxidizing agent or fuel is changed accordingly.    USE - Solid polymeric type fuel cell system for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents accumulation of condensed water in flow path, during reversal of circulation direction of oxidizing agent or fuel. Hence voltage reduction is suppressed and life span of fuel cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - The system has condenser (20) for separating gas component and water content ejected from full cell (14). Flow controller (22) controls the flow rate of cooling medium supplied to the condenser to perform heat exchange, depending on the operating condition of the cell and recovered water.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Flow control of cooling medium is enabled smoothly and economically depending on operating condition of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic block diagram of fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (14)    Condenser (20)    Flow controller (22)
NOVELTY - A modifier (10) modifies heating gas in hydrogen content anode gas. Gas turbine combustor (15) burns cathode waste gas and generates hot gas. Regenerative heat exchanger (20) heats exhaust air of compressor by gas turbine (16) using waste gas of generator, to adjust temperature of air supplied to fuel cell.    USE - To generate power using fuel cell and gas turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Power is generated efficiently even when output ratio of gas turbine shifts from optimum value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of combined cycle power generator.    Modifier (10)    Combustor (15)    Gas turbine (16)    Heat exchanger (20)
NOVELTY - Methane (CH3) fermentation tank (MFT) ferments organic waste by anaerobic microorganism. De-sulfurization apparatus (2) removes hydrogen sulfide in digestive gas (DG) generated from MFT. Then, CH3 concentration apparatus concentrates CH3 by isolating carbon dioxide in DG by boiling. Gas holder (5) filled with CH3 occlusion agent stores concentrated CH3.    USE - For storing digestive gas useful as fuel for heating digester and gas engine electricity generators.    ADVANTAGE - The storage facility of DG is increased, as unnecessary hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide are removed. The amount of CH3 stored in gas holder is effectively increased per volume reducing the size to one layer for an installation, due to the presence of CH3 occlusion agent. DG storage is highly safe, as it is low pressure storage, and has reduced installation cost. Highly concentrated CH3 can be easily stored using low energy. CH3 recovery is improved effectively in high concentrations.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the digestive gas.    De-sulfurization apparatus (2)    Gas holder (5)
NOVELTY - Grooves (13,14) for flow of oxygen and hydrogen, are formed in the primary and secondary plates. Oxygen gas supply pipe connected with groove (13), is provided to the center section of primary plate. The groove (13) is formed, such that oxygen gas from supply pipe is circulated towards the circumference of first plate.    USE - For use as battery of motor for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables simple treatment of water in anode by reaction of hydrogen ion and oxygen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell usage method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and bottom view of plate of fuel cell.    Grooves (13,14)
NOVELTY - The system comprises a modifier (2) which modifies original gas and supplies reformed gas to a fuel electrode (1b) of a fuel cell (1). A branch piping diverts the reformed gas to a compressor (4). A hydrogen refiner (5) connected with piping, supplies reformed gas to fuel electrode of fuel cell.    USE - In fuel cell power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - Improves power generation efficiency by hydrogen refiner which supplies reformed gas to fuel electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the reactive gas system in fuel cell power generator.    Fuel cell (1)    Fuel electrode (1b)    Modifier (2)    Compressor (4)    Hydrogen refiner (5)
NOVELTY - A dehydrator (3) is provided to extract water from organic refuse before it is supplied to refuse processing drum (10). A stirring unit installed inside the drum has board raked to leading end portion of stirring blade.    USE - For processing organic refuse generated from food processing works, brewery, tofu works, meat processing field, dairy field, poultry farming field.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the processing of organic waste of large amount with low cost within short duration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dehydrator (3) is provided to extract water from organic refuse before it is supplied to refuse processing drum (10). A stirring unit installed inside the drum has board raked to leading end portion of stirring blade. The drum is rockably supported on base (11) with roller pair (13) attached to base through elastic spring. Motor is provided to rotate processing drum and stirring blade selectively. A water purifier is provided to carry out waste drain of treated water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exterior block diagram of organic refuse decomposition processing apparatus.    Dehydrator (3)    Drum (10)    Base (11)    Roller pair (13)
NOVELTY - Bio-deodorizing apparatus has a ventilator through which malodor of organic waste passes and contacts with the microorganisms present in the support. The support is string-like with a core portion (5) containing the radial fibers to sustain microorganisms. A linear reinforced material (7) which is larger than the radial fiber is extended from the core portion.    USE - For human waste treatment plant.    ADVANTAGE - The unpleasant odor is removed effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the support for biodeodorizing apparatus.    Core portion (5)    Reinforced material (7)
NOVELTY - Raw material gas containing methane, and water or antifreeze are stirred in pressure vessel (1) having agitator (2) at a high-speed to form methane hydrate crystal (MHC). Similarly, raw material gas and water or antifreeze are stirred in vessel (6) having agitator (7) at a speed slower than agitator (2) to form MHC having large particle size. The MHC from vessels (1,6) are mixed to form methane hydrate.    USE - For manufacturing methane hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - The suitable methane hydrate for transportation can be manufactured continuously and industrially from gas containing water and methane like natural gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of manufacturing apparatus of methane hydrate.    Pressure vessels (1,6)    Agitators (2,7)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell includes communication holes, gas flow passages, cooling medium flow passages, and connecting flow passages. The holes penetrate through outer circumferential edge portions of separator, and allow a fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas to flow. The cooling medium flow passages supply a cooling medium for cooling an electrode power-generating surface.    USE - Useful as thin-walled fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell ensures the sealing performance with a simple structure, and ensures desired power generation performance. It greatly reduces pressure loss and can easily perform high current density operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell comprises a fuel cell unit having electrolyte interposed between an electrode anode (20) and a cathode electrode (22), and separators (14, 16) supporting the fuel cell unit. The fuel cell includes communication holes (36a, 38a), gas flow passages (42), cooling medium flow passages (86a, 88), and connecting flow passages (46). The holes penetrate through outer circumferential edge portions of the separator, and allow a fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas to flow. The gas or oxygen-containing gas is supplied to the anode or cathode electrode by the gas flow passages. The cooling medium flow passages supply a cooling medium for cooling the electrode power-generating surface. First ends of the connecting flow passages communicate with the holes, opposite to an electrode power-generating surface and other ends communicate with gas and cooling medium flow passages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic vertical sectional view of the fuel cell.    Separators (14, 16)    Electrode anode (20)    Cathode electrode (22)    Communication holes (36a, 38a)    Gas flow passages (42)    Connecting flow passages (46)    Grooves (50, 74)    Through-holes (52, 76)    Cooling medium flow passages (86a, 88)
NOVELTY - A feed stream (17) is passed at a pressure above atmospheric pressure through a multilayer adsorbent bed (20). A contaminant is adsorbed from gas stream before passing the stream through a layer of naturally occurring zeolite or layer of synthetic zeolite adsorbent to adsorb all of the nitrogen in stream and recovering purified ( greater than 99.9%) hydrogen (19) as product from multilayer adsorbent bed.    USE - For purifying feed stream containing more than 50 mol% hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The improved process provides higher hydrogen recovery, reduced adsorbent and lower capital and operating costs. High purity hydrogen from various hydrogen-containing feed mixtures such as synthesis gas, is produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A feed stream is passed at a pressure above atmospheric pressure through a multilayer adsorbent bed. A contaminant is adsorbed from gas stream before passing the stream through a layer of naturally occurring zeolite or layer of synthetic zeolite adsorbent to adsorb all of the nitrogen in stream and recovering purified ( greater than 99.9%) hydrogen as product from multilayer adsorbent bed. The contaminant is water, carbon dioxide, methane or carbon monoxide. The zeolite is chabazite, erionite, clinoptilolite or faujasite zeolite. The synthetic zeolite adsorbent is CaX, LiA, LiX or VSA6 adsorbent, and has silica/alumina ratio of 2-2.5.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system which comprises several adsorbent beds. Each adsorbent bed comprises an adsorbent layer for removing water, an absorbent layer for removing carbon dioxide, and an adsorbent layer of CaX, LiA, LiX or VSA6 adsorbent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of PSA adsorption bed.    Synthesis gas stream (17)    Hydrogen product stream (19)    Adsorbent bed (20)    Alumina layer (21)    Activated carbon layer (22)    Zeolite adsorbent layer (23)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon fuel is converted to a gaseous product stream, including hydrogen for use in fuel cell stack, by positioning a catalytic reactor under a heater with its discharge end connected with an inlet of the reactor, recirculating the gases through the heater and the reactor, heating the gases in the heater, and monitoring a temperature of the gases between the discharged end of the heater and the inlet of the reactor.    USE - For converting a hydrocarbon fuel to a gaseous product stream including hydrogen for use in a fuel cell or power source.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides an indication of significant failure, e.g. cracked welds, leaks, and catalyst bed problems, by its measurement of temperature and rate-of-change of temperature. It also protects the catalyst beds that are very temperature sensitive, as well as key system components, thus making it a very cost-effective approach to diagnose overall system problems.
NOVELTY - Composting organic material comprising injecting oxygen at least intermittently, is new.    USE - The method is useful for composting household or biological waste.    ADVANTAGE - Almost completely aerobic conversion of the organic material is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a device for carrying out the above process comprising at least one oxygen injection device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the composting system.    Compost heap (1)    Oxygen feed (2)    Gasification tubes (3)    Oxygen outlets (4)    Suction channel (5)
NOVELTY - A water system includes a detector which generates a signal in response to the presence of a predetermined target agent in water. The signal is received and analyzed by a controller. The controller provides an output signal for controlling a valve on a manifold. The manifold directs the flow of fluid from a first primary inlet supply system to a secondary treatment system.    USE - For use in the detection and subsequent removal of both toxic chemicals and biological warfare agents in water supplies.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive water system effectively and inexpensively removes the chemical and biological warfare agents present in water supplies. It ensures that the water is safe for its intended applications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A water system comprises an inlet conduit (105) which directs water from a water source (101), a side stream conduit (107) which is directed to a fluid sampling system (111), and a detector (109a, 109b). The detector generates a signal in response to the presence of a predetermined target agent in water. The signal is received and analyzed by a controller (113). The controller provides an output signal for controlling a valve on a manifold (115). The manifold directs the flow of fluid from a first primary inlet supply system (117) to a secondary treatment system (123). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for maintaining the safety of a water supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic drawing of the integrated water system.    Water source (101)    Inlet conduit (105)    Side stream conduit (107)    Detector (109a, 109b)    Fluid sampling system (111)    Controller (113)    Manifold (115)    Primary inlet supply system (117)    Alarm system (121)    Secondary treatment system (123)    Second delivery system (125)    First delivery system (127)
NOVELTY - An organic waste material is treated by displacing air in the vessel and vessel contents with water, anaerobically digesting the vessel contents, separating formed gaseous byproducts from residues, removing at least a portion of the water from the vessel, introducing air to the residues in the vessel, aerobically composting the residues, and recovering formed compost.    USE - For treating an organic waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is more efficient in terms of time, costs, and labor relative to conventional techniques.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for carrying out the process, having a vessels (20), a gas recirculation line (62), a water recirculation line 64), a gas storage tank (80), and a water storage tank (92). The vessel comprises a receival hatch (24), and feeder lines (26) or elongated perforated lances for supplying water and air to the vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the apparatus for carrying out the process.    Vessel (20)    Receival hatch (24)    Feeder lines (26)    Gas recirculation line (62)    Water recirculation line (64)    Gas storage tank (80)    Water storage tank (92)
NOVELTY - Method of processing of solid organic wastes in melts of salts and alkalis at temperature of 400-900 C includes supply of solid organic wastes and gases, and withdrawal of obtained products. Supply of solid organic wastes into melt is carried out together with inert gas. Melt regeneration is accomplished with oxygen-containing gas. Solid organic wastes are preliminarily treated. Solid organic wastes and gases are introduced to under surface of melt. Processing of solid organic wastes and melt regeneration are separated in space and carried out simultaneously. Temperature of melt in course of waste processing is raised, and effluent gases of solid organic waste processing and effluent gases of melt regeneration are subjected to cleaning. Plant for processing of solid organic wastes in melt includes destructor, secondary combustion chamber, unit for removal of acid gases and solid particles. Secondary combustion chamber has fluidized bed with inert packing. Unit for removal of acid gases and solid particles is made in form of countercurrent reactor of hindered settling of chemisorbent. Installed successively after said unit are catalytic reactor and heat exchanger. Destructor for processing of solid organic wastes in melt consists of body, cover, reaction and regeneration pipes, pipe unions for admission of gases and wastes, and withdrawal of reaction products. Space above melt under cover is separated into three zones formed by partitions immersed into melt. Pipe unions for admission of gases and wastes are immersed into melt and form gas lift reactors together with reaction and regeneration pipes.    USE - Methods and plants for processing of solid organic wastes by flameless burning in melt of salts and alkalis; applicable in chemical, petrochemical, nuclear and other industries.    ADVANTAGE - Higher efficiency and reliability of processing of solid organic wastes in melt of salts and alkalis. 8 cl, 2 dwg, 2 ex
(KR2000041562-A)   NOVELTY - Recycling leachate (RL) is maintained at 35-38degreesC and pH of 6.5-7.5, until generated landfill gas content reaches 5-20% of landfill gas generation capability (LGGC) in landfill and then maintained at 30-35degreesC and pH of 6-7, until generated landfill gas content reaches 75-90% of LGCC. RL is maintained at 35-38degreesC and pH of 6.5-8, until generated landfill gas content reaches 100% of maximum LGGC in landfill.    USE - For controlling landfill gas generated within landfill. The method is used for recovery of landfill gas.    ADVANTAGE - The method monitors and controls various conditions of recycling leachate for each process including landfilling process, post-landfilling process and landfilling stabilization process. Thereby the facilities utilizing landfilled gas such as purification equipment and power generation facility, is designed at reasonable cost. Hence the expense of investment in the facilities to be recovered over short period of time is reduced, utilization efficiency of landfilled gas resource is maximized and the landfill is stabilized within short period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The leachate to be recycled is continuously injected into a deposits of waste during extraction of landfill gas from a landfill gas extraction pipe inserted into the waste deposit. The deposit of wastes includes at least 2 of food, paper, wood, plastic, rubber, leather, fiber, vinyl, metal, glass and ceramic.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for controlling the amount of generated landfill gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus for controlling the amount of landfill gas generated within the landfill.
NOVELTY - An attachment body passes through a through hole (41a) formed on each fuel cell component. A supply hole (41e) is formed on an end plate for the supply of hydrogen gas or oxygen gas. The supply hole is connected to the through hole.    USE - Used for battery of motor in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Protects each component of fuel cell reliably. Improves sealing performance since hydrogen gas or oxygen gas introduced from supply hole is guided to through hole, thus gas does not leak from end plate side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal sectional drawing of the fuel cell stack.    Through hole (41a)    Supply hole (41e)
NOVELTY - A first sensor (24) detects the quantity of mixed liquor in a mixing tank (16). A second sensor (92) detects the quantity of liquid fuel in a liquid fuel supply apparatus (18). A directional control valve (78) stops the supply of water from a water supply apparatus (20) to the mixing tank when a mixed liquor and a liquid fuel are determined by the first and second sensors to be below a predetermined amount.    USE - Used for supplying hydrogen gas.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains mixing rate of mixed liquid within mixing tank using simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Mixing tank (16)    Liquid fuel supply apparatus (18)    Water supply apparatus (20)    First sensor (24)    Directional control valve (78)    Second sensor (92)
NOVELTY - An oxidizing agent gas that contains oxygen in a fuel cell (4) and a heating gas the contains hydrogen in a fuel electrode side are supplied to an oxidation agent electrode to generate electricity according to an electrochemical reaction. The oxidizing agent gas is heated by the heat generated by the fuel cell before being supplied to the oxidation agent electrode.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Improves efficiency of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a combustion battery system.    Fuel cell (4)
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (1) modifies the original fuel of a hydrocarbon group to a hydrogen rich heating gas. A liquid used for the humidification of an electrolyte layer (23) or for cooling a fuel cell (2) is mixed with the heating gas. The oxygen dissolved in the liquid is supplied to prevent carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning of the anode (21) of the fuel cell.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents CO poisoning of anode using simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anode and the cathode (22) of the fuel cell are joined to both sides of the electrolyte layer. The heating gas obtained from the fuel reformer is supplied to the anode. An oxidizing agent gas is supplied to the cathode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of the fuel cell system.    Fuel reformer (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Anode of fuel cell (21)    Cathode of fuel cell (22)    Electrolyte layer (23)
NOVELTY - A turbo assistant compressor (4) supplies an oxidizing agent gas to a fuel cell (2). A methanol pump hydrocarbon storage unit (6) stores inflammable fuel supplied to a burner (3) which burns unused heating gas of the fuel cell.    USE - For generating electricity used in e.g. motor vehicle, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Net output is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell generates electricity according to electrochemical reaction of the oxidizing agent gas that contains oxygen and heating gas containing hydrogen. A turbine (41) is rotated by the waste gas of the burner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (2)    Burner (3)    Turbo assistant compressor (4)    Methanol pump hydrocarbon storage unit (6)    Turbine (41)
NOVELTY - A modifier (1) produces a reformed gas which is rich in hydrogen and modifies an original fuel. A fuel cell main body (2) has two or more cells (3) which introduce an oxygen to an oxygen pole and the hydrogen in the reformed gas to a fuel electrode. One cell (3a) is provided with a voltage detector (4) which senses the voltage of the cell.    USE - For generating electricity based on electrochemical reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Detects density of carbon monoxide (CO) in reformed gas easily when rapid load fluctuation is generated. Size reduction of fuel cell system is attained. System is prevented from being damaged even if CO density in reformed gas is high.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Modifier (1)    Fuel cell main body (2)    Cells (3)    Cell with voltage detector (3a)    Voltage detector (4)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (20) is provided with a fuel passageway which interrupts an exhaust system. A pure hydrogen supplies unit (30) supplies pure hydrogen to the fuel gas passageway. A compulsive style generation unit (40) alternately generates a gas flow with a direction different from the fuel gas passageway.    USE - For generating electricity used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves energy efficiency since amount of distribution of battery electricity generations which originate in distance from fuel supply aperture is solved. Enables easy draining of liquid waste generated within fuel gas passageway. Improves output of motor vehicle and fuel consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (20)    Pure hydrogen supplies unit (30)    Compulsive style generation unit (40)
NOVELTY - The system generates electricity using heating gas and oxidizing gas, produced by heating gas humidifier (3) and an oxidizer (6). A heating gas oxidizer (14) oxidizes heating gas ejected from solid polymeric type cell (1). An irrigating pump (15) circulates cooling water between the piping, to heating gas humidifier and oxidizer with help of a collection water treating unit.    USE - In solid polymeric fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains stable operation for long period of time by irrigating pump which circulates cooling water around piping.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of solid polymeric fuel cell.    Polymeric type cell (1)    Heating gas humidifier (3)    Oxidizer (6)    Heating gas oxidizer (14)    Irrigating pump (15)
NOVELTY - A liquid containing a volatile organic substance is evaporated, the vapor formed is diluted with air or oxygen, the volatile organic substance is oxidatively degraded in the presence of a catalyst and is released in a harmless state into the atmosphere.    USE - For processing waste water or waste liquid from breweries.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method is simple and the need for microorganisms is eliminated. The solid substance obtained during processing can be reused.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste liquid or waste water processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of waste liquid or waste water processing method.
NOVELTY - Organic waste is subjected to compost fermentation process with a phosphorus and a magnesium compound. The ammonia generated during fermentation is removed and the compost odor generated from the production unit is deodorized biologically.    USE - For deodorizing bad odor of compost of organic waste generated from waste water treatment such as sewage, feces and urine, and industrial waste water such as sludge and organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Ammonia is effectively removed during compost fermentation. Aldehydes are removed easily unlike in conventional processes. Deodorization property is stable even though there is fluctuation in the concentration of compost odor. The size of deodorizing apparatus is reduced. The usage value of fertilizer is high, since magnesium phosphate ammonium, a fertilizer component, is contained in the compost.
NOVELTY - A ventilator of blower chamber comprises a piping (1), main valve (2), escape valve for fine tuning (3) and inspection air hole (4) in which heat is retained.    USE - For fermenting organic substance such as live stock excrement.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation process is done in the ventilator without any external temperature. The fine tuning escape valve prevents variation of air content in the fermentation promotion pipe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fermentation promotion pipe (5) which is connected to the ventilator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows ventilator.    piping (1)    Main valve (2)    Fine tuning (3)    Inspection air hole (4)    Fermentation promotion pipe (5)
NOVELTY - Decontamination of polluted environment using microorganisms.    USE - Decontamination of polluted environments.    ADVANTAGE - A combination of different microorganisms provides effective decontamination of polluted environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for biological decontamination of polluted environment by introducing combinations of 2 or more microorganisms capable of preying upon different protozoans in the polluted environment.
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) consists of a permeable material (2), a vertical pipe (3) provided in the body bottom portion and a catchment measure unit (4) whose bottom portion is connected to the top portion of the pipe.    USE - For processing organic refuse from restaurant, school, hospital, etc., for manufacture of fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Manufacture of the fertilizer is performed quickly and efficiently. Large quantity of fertilizer is obtained easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the organic refuse fermentation processing apparatus.    Apparatus (1)    Permeable material (2)    Pipe (3)    Catchment measure unit (4)    Pump (6)
NOVELTY - The processing apparatus has a container (12) with vent (48) closed by a cover (52). The vent is used both for insertion and collection of content. A stand (14) supports the container rotatably so that the position of vent is changed depending on rotation. A stirring shaft (24) driven by a motor (32), is rotatably arranged in the container.    USE - For processing organic refuse ejected from house, enterprise, school, store, or hospital.    ADVANTAGE - As the position of the vent is changed corresponding to the rotation of container supported rotatably by stand, organic refuse is supplied or collected easily through a common vent and so capacity is secured greatly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Holes are provided on the end faces of the container for fitting shaft rotatably. A stirring bar is attached into the shaft. A bearing is connected rotatably at the both end faces. The cover is connected slidably along the outer or internal circumferential surface of the container. A heater is arranged in the container. A control unit controls the motor and heater. Control procedures are setup in the control unit, which are selected as per requirement by a selector switch.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of internal structure of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Container (12)    Stand (14)    Stirring shaft (24)    Motor (32)    Vent (48)    Cover (52)
NOVELTY - The garbage disposer has refuse treatment tank (1) in which refuse is fermented by aerobic processes, and a deodorizing tank (4) which performs bio-deodorizing of the exhaust from refuse treatment tank. Water supply units for supplying water to the deodorizing tank, and a water supply adjusting unit (9) are provided in the deodorizing tank.    USE - For decomposing refuse generated from food center.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse is decomposed using microorganism, therefore the life span of the garbage decomposer is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of garbage decomposer.    Refuse treatment tank (1)    Deodorizing tank (4)    Water supply adjusting unit (9)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is supplied to a fermenter (1) and intermittent stirring is performed to decompose the organic waste by fermentation reaction of micro organisms in the fermenter. The oxygen concentration, the moisture content and the temperature of the fermentation floor (3) are adjusted during processing.    USE - For fertilizers to soil.    ADVANTAGE - The progressing of the fermentation process is monitored effectively and the completion of fermentation process is determined. The efficiency of the fermenter is improved by monitoring the process and the quality of the compost formed is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus of processing organic waste. The apparatus has air passage unit (6) for supplying oxygen, water supply unit (8) to supply water, fermentation floor measurement unit (10) to measure the moisture content, temperature and oxygen concentration of the fermentation floor. Air passage unit passes air to the fermenter according to the measured value of concentration of oxygen and moisture content. A stirrer (4) to stir the sample and control unit (5) to control the amount of water to be added.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of processing apparatus of organic waste.    Fermenter (1)    Fermentation floor (3)    Stirrer (4)    Control unit (5)    Air passage unit (6)    Water supply unit (8)    Fermentation floor measurement unit (10)
NOVELTY - Solid organic waste such as food waste is ground, heated to 240-360degreesC, pressurized to 40-190 kg/cm2, liquefied by performing hydrothermal reaction (during which polymeric bonds in the waste are cleaved) and mixed with oxidizing gas when the pressure and temperature of the liquid compound is 5-140 kg/cm2 and 150-240degreesC, respectively. Chemical oxygen demand is reduced by oxidation reaction.    USE - For processing solid organic waste such as food waste (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solid organic waste is processed efficiently, simply and reliably. The processing apparatus is compact and generation of bad smell during processing is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solid organic waste processing apparatus.
NOVELTY - 50-80 weight percent of timber chip mixed with 50-20 wt.% of coffee dregs at preset rate, organic refuse (OR) degrading microbe such as Actinomyces filamentous fungi, preset amount of deodorant, are mixed at preset temperature and OR microbial bed (OB) is formed. Amount of OR supplied to OB is adjusted depending on the weight fraction of OB. OR is decomposed at 40-50degreesC, humidity of 30-60%.    USE - For degrading organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The microbial bed was found to effectively degrade organic refuse. Coffee dregs used as nitrogen source and timber chip used as carbon source for Actinomyces filamentous fungi, can be recycled inexpensively. The microbial bed is neutral and stable after long period of time.
NOVELTY - A rotatable drum (1a) is covered by a pair of discs (1b,1c). The organic refuse is mixed in the process drum. A scavenging mechanism (6) is provided to an insertion opening (4) attached to disc (1c) for supplying air and organic refuse into the drum. An exhauster (2) is installed to disc (1b). The organic refuse is decomposed by the circulation of air and rotation of drum.    USE - For processing of organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Organic refuse containing lot of water is efficiently decomposed by simple mechanism without using complicated apparatus for treating waste water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic refuse is mixed in decomposition process drum. Air is circulated inside the rotating drum by scavenging mechanism and discharged through the exhauster.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Rotatable drum (1a)    Discs (1b,1c)    Exhauster (2)    Insertion opening (4)    Scavenging mechanism (6)
NOVELTY - A band conveyor in a tank conveys organic waste supplied through an insertion opening (2). The waste is fermented and is mixed with newly supplied waste by a mixer (3c). The mixed fermenter and new waste is supplied from the mixture to the conveyor by a load apparatus (5).    USE - For recycling organic refuse, livestock and pruning waste.    ADVANTAGE - Enables classifying and loading organic waste in band conveyor according to kind. Provides sufficient air permeability necessary for fermentation preventing need for ploughing. Prevents generation of decay by evaporating water from organic waste. The bad smell in air is degraded by role of fermentation of microorganism.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of composting apparatus.    Insertion opening (2)    Mixture (3c)    Load apparatus (5)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen supply system (1) includes a modifier (3) which forms hydrogen from raw materials e.g. alcohol and gasoline. The hydrogen formed is occluded and stored in the reservoir (15) which releases hydrogen to the fuel battery (2). The reservoir has storage units (151,152) equipped with hydrogen occlusion materials (MH1,MH2) respectively.    USE - To supply hydrogen to fuel battery of electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen reservoir releases occluded stored hydrogen to the fuel battery during battery start-up and vehicle acceleration. The amount of hydrogen occluded is increased by separating high temperature hydrogen from the low temperature hydrogen. The occlusion of hydrogen with different temperature is performed accurately by hydrogen occlusion materials contained in separate storage units. The start-up of fuel battery and acceleration of electric vehicle are smoothly performed, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high temperature hydrogen and low temperature hydrogen formed by the modifier are separated. The high temperature hydrogen is occluded by the material (MH1) and stored in the unit (151) and the low temperature hydrogen is stored in the unit (152) after occlusion by the material (MH2). The hydrogen stored in the reservoir (15) is supplied to the fuel battery (2). During the battery start up, hydrogen stored in the storage unit (152) is supplied to the battery and during acceleration of electric vehicle, hydrogen is supplied from the storage unit (151) in addition to hydrogen supplied from the modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen supply system.    Hydrogen supply system (1)    Fuel battery (2)    Modifier (3)    Reservoir (15)    Storage units (151,152)    Hydrogen occlusion materials (MH1,MH2)
NOVELTY - A heater (20) made of SiO2 is formed on SiO2 insulating layer (14) which is formed on silicon substrate (12). Another SiO2 insulating layer (22) is formed on heater, on which electrodes (24) and tin oxide thin film (26) are formed sequentially. Two porous catalyst layers (28a,28b) are formed on thin film so that gaseous phase contact of thin film is covered.    USE - For sensing methane gas.    ADVANTAGE - As influence due to temperature change is prevented, methane gas is detected effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of gas sensor.    Silicon substrate (12)    Insulating layers (14,22)    Heater (20)    Electrodes (24)    Tin film (26)    Catalyst layers (28a,28b)
NOVELTY - Plant for continuous fermentation of biogenic waste feeds a portion of fermented material containing bacteria from a fermenter into fresh material in a feed tank. This is fed with fresh material by a pump/press unit (27, 28) and has a feed opening (20) and contains a mixing chamber (23). The pump/press unit conveys both processed material from the fermenter and the contents of the mixing chamber via a supply pipe into the fermenter.    USE - The plant is useful for the production of bio gas.    ADVANTAGE - Only one pump unit is used, reducing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A recycling pipe for fermented material leads directly from the fermenter outlet to the feed tank and is above the lowest point of the fermenter. A sieve (21) is fitted over the feed opening which has a magnet for removing metal objects from the waste. The mixing chamber contains two screws (24) which act both as mixers and conveyors.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of operating the fermenter which uses one suction/compression cycle in which the pump/press unit removes fresh material from the feed tank and a second cycle where it sucks inoculation material from the fermenter into the feed pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the feed tank.    Feed opening (20)    Sieve (21)    Mixing chamber (23)    Mixing/conveying screw (24)    Pump/press unit (27,28)
NOVELTY - The device for the production of liquid fuels from wood, residues and carbonizable materials comprises carbonizing containers, combustion chambers and a distillation device. The combustion chamber is sealed at the upper end with honeycomb catalysts made of combustion catalysts and the materials are mixed in the distillation device with catalysts which are introduced into the carbonizing containers after contamination and sluicing.    USE - In the production of fuels from animal fodder, digested sludge and waste.    ADVANTAGE - The device is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of liquid fuels from wood, residues and carbonizable materials using the above device.    Preferred Features: The honeycomb catalysts comprise or are in a mixture of lanthanum, cobalt, precious metals and silicates.
NOVELTY - Gasification method is used for a plant for anaerobic and/or aerobic decomposition of organic waste which comprises a fermentation device (11) and a composting device (12) which is fed with oxygen -enriched air via a first pipeline (13).    USE - For anaerobic and/or aerobic decomposition of organic waste, especially for treating sludge from sewage treatment, biological waste, decontamination of earth, storing compost before packaging and ventilation of agricultural goods.    ADVANTAGE - Decomposition is improved and is easier to control.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An air separator (1) produces a retenate containing nitrogen and an oxygen-containing permeate. The retenate is fed via a second pipeline (14) to the fermenter while the permeate is fed to the composter via the first pipeline. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (a) a gasification method as described above for a combined anaerobic and aerobic converter for organic waste in which the retenate is fed to the anaerobic conversion stage and the permeate to the aerobic conversion stage; and (b) an apparatus for carrying out the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the gasification system.    Air separator (1)    Nitrogen buffer (4)    Oxygen buffer (5)    Fermenter (11)    Composter (12)    First gas pipeline (13)    Second gas pipeline (14)
NOVELTY - In the generation of hydrogen (H2) in a reformer supplied with a mixture (II) containing hydrocarbons, the gas containing H2 produced is (partly) recycled to the reformer and added with (II).    USE - The process is used for generating H2 in a vehicle, which has fuel cells for the drive and/or supply to electricity consumers, in which the reformer preferably is supplied with a vehicle fuel as (II), air as mixture containing oxygen and also water (vapor) (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Recycling (part of) the H2 makes reforming more efficient and inhibits soot formation by increasing the water concentration in the reformer. The efficiency of associated fuel cells is also increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas streams in a vehicle with the specified hydrogen drive (Diagram includes non-English language text).    Autothermal reformer (1)    Fuel cell system (2)    Air supply (4)    Water supply (5)    Petrol tank (6)
NOVELTY - A mobile enclosed container used to transport, dry and compost organic refuse comprising: (a) a false perforated bottom for the circulation of air; (b) a front cavity wall (32); (c) a cavity with air pumps which aerate the contents; (d) a cavity wall with an air chilling unit (8); and (e) a de-humidifier (9), is new.    USE - Mobile composting container.    ADVANTAGE - The container can be manufactured by simple adaptation of existing container design. The cavity wall allows for compact installation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side cross-sectional view of the container.    cavity wall (32)    air chilling unit (8)    air de-humidifier (9)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system comprises a water tank (19), a reformer (13), a fuel cell (29), a condenser (35), a waste gas temperature detector which measures the temperature of the waste gas from the condenser, and an operating pressure control device. This device calculates an equilibrium operating pressure of the fuel cell system, at which water flowing into and out of the system are in equilibrium.    USE - Vehicle fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The operational pressure of the fuel cell is controlled so that it does not need to be filled with water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for controlling the operational pressure of a fuel cell system comprising detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas from the condenser, calculating the equilibrium operational pressure of the fuel cell, calculating operational load of the maximum degree of operation, and controlling the operational pressure of the fuel cell system.    Preferred Features: The system further comprises a combustor (37) which uses the reformed gas to obtain the heat of combustion for use as a heat source for the reformer; and a water level detector in the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the fuel cell system.    reformer (13)    water tank (19)    fuel cell (29)    condenser (35)    combustor (37)
NOVELTY - On the basis of analyzing its main nutrient component contents, the commercial nitrogen fertilizer, phosphoric fertilizer and potassium fertilizer and a certain quantity of trace elements of zinc, magnesium, boron, manganese and molybdenum, are added to the active sludge produced by a brewing process, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content can reach 10-50%, then the above-mentioned materials can be dried and made into powdered or granular fertilizer finished product which can be used as general purpose compound fertilizer or several special-purpose types of organic compound fertilizer. Its fertility is high, and fertilizer efficiency is durable, and at the same time, the environmental pollution problem of brewery also can be solved.
NOVELTY - A method and equipment for treating food waste at low temp or ordinary temp. The active aerobic and oxygen-facultative bacteria are cultured on carrier. The cultured bacteria with carrier are then loaded into the container containing food waste. The food waste is stirred uniformly at 25-35deg.C to decompose the food waste. The equipment is composed of a container, ferment vessel and deodouring unit. The food waste can be thoroughly decomposed with the generation of less odour.
The present invention relates to a native bacterial strain, hay bacillus 18-1 and 19-2, which can decompose the rejected waste of aquatic product (especially the fish) and transform it to water-soluble amino acid, and its transform process.
NOVELTY - A new composition comprises: (a) a fluorinated compound, (b) a fluorinated aromatic compound and (c) a ketone.    USE - The composition is used as a cleaner or delivery or solvent system for a variety of materials, especially highly fluorinated substances such as fluorinated oils.    ADVANTAGE - The solvent system is cost-effective and contains little or no VOC (volatile organic compounds).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) A solvent composition for fluorinated oils.    (2) A manufactured article comprising a container and the composition.    (3) A method or cleaning oil or grease from a substrate by treating it with the composition.
NOVELTY - Substrate is coated with parting material, capable of being dissolved in solvent, at least partially. Palladium (Pd) or palladium/copper (Pd/Cu) alloy is sputtered on parting material in inert gas atmosphere at a pressure so that sputtered film is free of tensile and compressive stress. Parting material is dissolved in solvent and a sputtered metal film with Pd or Pd/Cu alloy membrane is formed.    USE - The membrane is used as diaphragm in fuel reformers for separating hydrogen from other gaseous products of reforming reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Since the sputtered film is essentially free of tensile and compressive stresses, the film does not curl up, thereby avoiding extra processing necessary to flatten films.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin flat metal membrane of palladium or palladium/copper alloy.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a compressing device (5) to compress waste to a predetermined amount to reduce moisture content to the extent of 25-35% and dehydrate the waste. The dehydrated waste is then carbonized.    USE - For solid municipal waste and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - Enables subjecting the dehydrated waste to easy and stabilized carbonization.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of assembly of carbonization apparatus.    Compressing device (5)
NOVELTY - The sample water from tank (11) is aliquoted and fed to mixer assembly (30) by pump (P3) via valves (V4-V7), where ATP extracting reagent is mixed with water, in reaction cell (H1), extracted ATP and buffer is mixed in cell (H2) for pH adjustment and light emission reagent is mixed to pH adjusted sample in cell (H3). A camera (41) picks the light emission image from cell (H3), to determine ATP content.    USE - For river, sewage works and foodstuff for determining adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content in sample water to determine microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Operation standard of the sewage units can be analyzed from the ATP analysis result, since analysis is performed continuously irrespective of day or night, and abnormality in water processing units can be determined immediately.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The pump (P3) is connected to COM port of the three-way valve (V4) whose other two ports (NO,NC) are respectively connected to waste water supply line (21) and reaction cell (H1). A controller (50) controls the pump and valves for mixing sample and reagents in reaction cells, in appropriate ratio.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the ATP content measuring apparatus. Labels are in a foreign language.    Tank (11)    Waste water supply line (21)    Mixer assembly (30)    Camera (41)    Controller (50)    Reaction cells (H1-H3)    Ports (NO,NC)    Pump (P3)    Valves (V4-V7)
NOVELTY - Solid composting is done by dehydration molding of a liquid containing organic solid substance in water (I) or organic solid substance (II) by centrifugation. The dehydrated substance is dried, so that the moisture content of the solid compost is at most 20%.    USE - For solid composting liquid containing organic solid substance by separation.    ADVANTAGE - The volume/bulk reduction of organic waste solid substance solution is done without carrier or filler materials. The moisture content is at most 20% so that microorganism in the solid compost can proliferate. A good solid compost with easy handling property and production efficiency with shape having uniform thickness can be obtained. The bad odor of waste is removed by reduced moisture content. The process can be continuously performed, by detecting the drying completion by drying unit continuously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a solid composting apparatus comprising a tumbler for centrifugal hydroextraction of the liquid, and a drying unit to vaporize water from liquid (I) to predefined moisture content.
NOVELTY - Conveyor has two endless rotating objects (7) spaced at intervals and horizontally suspended collecting boards. The rotating objects run in same direction. Ends of collecting boards are connected to rotating objects. The intermediate portions of collecting boards are connected by a connection member. The load applied to one collecting board is distributed to other board by connection member.    USE - For collecting sludge wastes, food wastes and processed material of fermentation process.    ADVANTAGE - The load applied to one collecting board is distributed to the other collecting board. The life span of endless chain is prolonged. The load exerted on each collecting board is decreased. Bending of chip box and buckling of collecting board are prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic perspective diagram of conveyor.    Slide board (3)    Endless rotating object (7)    Collecting board (8)    Connection member (81)    Conveyor (A)
NOVELTY - The block comprises concrete boxes which include hollow center portion (8). The thickness of left side wall (4) is equal to the right side wall (5). Both side walls are extended over the cover. Lower portion of the right side wall includes side protrusions (12) having reinforcement steel rods (13). The upper protrusions form the rail support.    USE - For manufacturing fermenter used for fermenting organic materials such as refuse, feces and urine, sludge, waste paper, saw dust, fiber waste, animal and plant residue, animal waste, animal corpse and composts.    ADVANTAGE - Use of concrete blocks enables to build fermenter very easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The upper protruding walls are provided with steel reinforcement.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fermenter manufacturing method which involves forming rectangular end fence with hollow center section. A support is protruded on both sides of left and right side walls. Concave groove is formed on the end face. Buildup of blocks is carried by placing blocks adjacently. Parallel rows of block are formed. Connection fixation of reinforcement rods is carried out. The edge parts are embedded on ready mix concrete floor surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of concrete block.    Side walls (4,5)    Hollow center portion (8)    Protrusions (12)    Steel rods (13)
NOVELTY - Apparatus for fermenting biogenic waste, comprising a fermenter (10), and dewatering and conveying devices for transporting wet fermented material from the fermenter, is new. The dewatering and conveying devices are combined to form a single device (21) which is directly connected to the rear outlet opening of the fermenter. The waste is conveyed by the single device and simultaneously dewatered.    USE - For fermenting biogenic waste material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus has a simple construction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for conveying and dewatering fermented products from a fermenter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic side view of a fermentation plant.    Fermenter (10)    Dewatering/conveying device (21)    Screw (25).
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (1) has a degasifying device(2-4) for the fuel passed to the cell plus a connecting pipe via which the fuel is passed from the degasifying device to the fuel cell. The cell has a pump (3) and a nozzle (4) as parts of the degasifying device. The cell has a container (2). This is located inside the connecting pipe between the nozzle and the cell so that the fuel in the container flows in the direction of the gravity force. The part of the connecting pipe leading from the nozzle to the container opens out laterally into the container.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient fuel cell operation.
NOVELTY - A liquid solvent (gasoline) can treat plastic garbage by dissolving (2-3.5 Kg of plastic garbage per kg of gasoline). After dissolving, less non-soluble residual exists in the gasoline. It can be removed by distillation recovery of gasoline. The recovered gasoline can be reused.
NOVELTY - A process for producing efficient biologic compound fertilizer features that the waste including peat black and city garbage is treated by biologic synergist.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for producing efficient biologic compound fertilizer features that the waste including peat black and city garbage is treated by biologic synergist. It includes such steps as baking the waste, screening, breaking off, biologic synergist treating, proportioning, granulating and package. Its active components are the waste (20-40%), ordinary calcium (5-10%), carbonammonium (10-30%), potassium salt (10-20%), phosphammonium (10-30%) and urea (2-5%). It contains rich humic acid, useful elements and proper N, P and K elements for improving soil and increasing yield.
NOVELTY - Producing electricity in a fuel cell comprises reacting a higher carbon (C2+) hydrocarbon fuel with steam in a steam pre-reformer at a temperature of at most500degreesC to produce a fuel stream containing H2 and at least20 vol.% CH4 measured on a wet basis. The fuel stream is supplied with an oxidant to a high temperature fuel cell in which the CH4 is reformed an electricity generated by reacting the fuel stream an at anode and reacting the oxidant at a cathode.    USE - For a fuel cell electrical power generating system, especially a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).    ADVANTAGE - Wider fuel sources can be used. Methane is not required to be reformed in the steam pre-reformer, allowing lower temperatures (at most500degreesC), leading to a smaller pre-reformer reactor, and giving a simplified and less expensive pre-reformer system to be adopted. Low temperature steam preforming alleviates carbon deposition in the pre-reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the process.
NOVELTY - The current collector (8) of at least one of the cells is welded to the separator plate (5) which is made of steel containing 4-11 wt.% aluminum (Al).    USE - Used for fuel cells operating at high temperatures.    ADVANTAGE - The separator is made from relatively inexpensive material that is corrosion resistant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the production of a MCFC cell stack where the separator after it has been welded to the gas distribution element (4) is exposed to a carbonate medium to form a lithium aluminate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram is a cross-section of an MCFC cell.    Latticework (1)    Gas distribution device (4)    Anode (5)    Separator plate (7)    Current collector (8)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon fuel processor catalyst comprises a rare earth metal cobalt oxide having the perovskite crystal structure.    USE - For converting or reforming a hydrocarbon fuel into a simple fuel, e.g. hydrogen (claimed) for use in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Promotes fuel breakdown process; reduces the likelihood of the catalyst becoming clogged, especially when using a high C:H fuel, e.g. diesel; and prevents contaminants which might de-activate the catalyst, e.g. sulfur, becoming bonded to the surface coating. It is self-cleaning and offers a high catalytic activity.
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive plate (3) is etched using particulate etchant, particulate etchant accelerator and particulate etchant resistant patterned mask. The etching is performed such that fluid flow pattern (5) determined by pattern design on mask (1) is formed on plate (3).    USE - The flow field plates are used in solid polymer fuel cells (SPFC), electrolyzers and batteries which contain fluid electrolyte.    ADVANTAGE - An effective and improved method for manufacture of electrochemical cell components such as flow field plate is provided. Low cost and rapid erosive etch allows formation of fluid flow patterns, fluid entry galleries and fluid exit galleries and sealing grooves.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of particulate etching method.    Mask (1)    Plate (3)    Fluid flow pattern (5)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of hydrogen comprises gasifying combustible material and refining the gas produced. The formed gas is treated a methanation process which converts carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the generated gas to methane by reacting with hydrogen.    USE - Used for electricity generation in fuel cells from combustible waste material.    ADVANTAGE - Chemical energy from combustible material is highly efficiently converted to electrically energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) an electricity generation method by supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell; and    (2) an electricity generating system by gasifying combustible material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 is a drawing showing the fuel cell electricity generating system.    Combustible Substance (a)    Formed Gas (b)    Hydrogen Gas (c)    Gasification Step (1)    Gas Washing Step (2)    Modifying Step (3)    Carbon Dioxide Adsorbing Step (4)    Methanation Step (5)    Hydrogen Purification Step (6)    Power Generation (8)    Carbon Dioxide Gas (01)    Offgas from Hydrogen Purification (02)    Methane Gas (03)    Offgas from Methane Adsorption (04)    Oxygen-Containing Gas (05)    Cathode Offgas (06)    Anode Offgas (07)
NOVELTY - Aqueous gas shift reaction catalyst is formed by supporting at least platinum on a metal oxide support.    USE - The catalyst is used in the aqueous gas shift reaction for removing carbon monoxide contained in a reformed gas in a power generation system of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst removes carbon monoxide in hydrogen with good efficiency over a wide range of temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method of removing carbon monoxide in hydrogen gas by contacting hydrogen gas containing carbon monoxide to the catalyst; and    (2) a fuel cell electricity generating system by supplying oxygen gas from which carbon monoxide is removed to a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the relationship of reaction temperature and carbon monoxide conversion using the catalyst.
NOVELTY - Impure hydrogen generated by steam reforming methanol and carbon monoxide, is flowed longitudinally along an open-ended path bounded by a thin palladium-bearing membrane, at controlled pressure and non-poisoning temperature of 150-350 degreesC. The path is provided with turbulence promoters causing hydrogen to permeate as pure hydrogen. The permeated pure hydrogen is collected at predefined pressure.    USE - For producing pure hydrogen for low temperature fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is generated and purified by a new, improved method. The flux deterioration and carbon monoxide poisoning at low temperature, are prevented by the palladium-bearing membrane. The unreacted methanol-like fuel can be recovered from the reformate and complete conversion of reactant fuel, is enabled. The membrane has dimensional stability and resistance to poisoning. Carbon monoxide free exhaust and energy economy are provided by in-situ heat exchange between incoming reactants and outgoing products.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Impure hydrogen is generated by steam reforming methanol and carbon monoxide optionally with admixed hydrogen. A reformate stream containing primarily hydrogen and carbon dioxide, as well as carbon monoxide and excess steam, is formed. The stream is flowed longitudinally along an open-ended straight-through torturous path bounded by a thin palladium-bearing membrane, at controlled elevated pressure and non-poisoning temperature of 150-350 degreesC. The membrane contains palladium alloy or palladium-coated transition base metal. The path is provided with turbulence promoters causing a predominant amount of hydrogen of stream, to permeate as pure hydrogen, transversely through the membrane bounding the path into an external region. The permeated pure hydrogen is collected from external region at a pressure between at least atmospheric pressure and partial pressure of residual hydrogen in the resulting depleted reformate.
NOVELTY - Disintegrator has housing with inlet and outlet branch pipes, rotor with blind openings in its cylindrical surface. The rotor is positioned axially of the housing. Openings in rotor surface are communicating with housing openings via annular channel. Housing openings are made in perforated ring, with convex parts between them being positioned at side adjacent to annular channel. These openings provide communication between annular channel and cavity between perforated ring and housing. This cavity is isolated from inlet and outlet branch pipes and is communicated with static disintegrator having process branch pipes positioned in water and water steam sections and isolated with nonrigid perforated partition wall. Drive urges partition wall to reciprocate and bend toward water section, with following stirring toward water steam section communicated with jet pump vacuumizer.    USE - Such construction allows cattle manure in animal farms to be utilized and protein-vitamin additives, met hane, deuterium, oxygen and compost to be produced.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency and simplified construction.
NOVELTY - Sequential phase-by-phase anaerobic fermentation of liquefied organic wastes comprises feeding wastes into an outer chamber of a methane tank and anaerobic fermentating in outer and inner chambers of the methane tank, heating and mixing fermented mass, mixing biogas withdrawn from outer chamber in injector with mass fermented in methane tank, and introducing obtained gas-liquid mixture into inner chamber of methane tank.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency, improved quality and increased caloric value of biogas. 5 cl, 2 dwg    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Sequential phase-by-phase anaerobic fermentation of liquefied organic wastes comprises feeding wastes into an outer chamber of a methane tank and anaerobic fermentating in outer and inner chambers of the methane tank, heating and mixing fermented mass, mixing biogas withdrawn from outer chamber in injector with mass fermented in methane tank, and introducing obtained gas-liquid mixture into inner chamber of methane tank. Apparatus has coaxial-type methane tank with inner and outer chambers. Biogas is drawn from outer chamber of methane tank via branch pipe connected to gas channel of injector which is communicated to pump adapted for discharging of fermented mass from methane tank. Delivery pipeline mounted inside methane tank is connected to injector mixing chamber and to flow dispersing device positioned at methane tank bottom. Method and apparatus may be used in animal and poultry houses, as well as in individual farms for producing combustible biogas and high-quality disinfected organic fertilizers from plant remains, manure, bird dung and feces.
NOVELTY - A tightening board (16) is provided to both ends of laminate comprising fuel and oxidizing electrodes between separators. A locking bolts that presses the laminate through the tightening board is provided in the hot and oxidizing agent gas supply paths or gas spillways formed in the hole penetrating the laminate.    USE - Solid polymer electrolyte fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - As locking bolt is provided on tightening board, orientation of board is minimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hot gas flow through line is formed between separator and fuel electrode, and oxidizing agent gas flow through line is formed between the separator and oxidizing agent electrode. Hot and oxidizing agent gas supply paths are provided along which hot gas and oxidizing agent gas are supplied respectively to each gas flow through lines. Gas spillways are formed in hole penetrating the laminate, to eject residual hot gas or oxidizing agent gas from each through lines.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of solid polymer electrolyte fuel battery.    Tightening board (16)
NOVELTY - A gas liquid separator (54) condenses the water vapor in the waste gas and separates vapor and liquid. Then, the waste gas is ejected outside the cell via the emission line (37). The condensed water is collected in the main water tank (28) of the humidified water supply system.    USE - In fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Since the condensed water is collected in the humidified water supply system, the water jamming in the emission piping is prevented. Thus electricity generation characteristic in the fuel cell is secured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Main water tank (28)    Emission line (37)    Gas liquid separator (54)
NOVELTY - The power generating device has a waste heat recovery furnace (14) which is connected to the exhaust port of a gas turbine (12) for being heated by exhaust heat of the gas turbine. A carbonization reactor (44) connected to the heating furnace, carbonizes organic waste and neutralizing agent added to it, in an oxygen-free atmosphere to produce production gas and carbon. The carbon is ejected through an outlet.    USE - Electrical power generating device using waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The system assembly is simple, as carbonization reactor is provided in waste heat recovery furnace. The power generated from waste material is of high efficiency, as carbonization is performed in oxygen-free atmosphere. Environment is cleaned as organic waste is recycled efficiently. Generation of non-hazardous substance like dioxins are eliminated, as carbonization to convert organic waste to production gas and carbon, is performed in oxygen deficiency state.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of power generating device.    Gas turbine (12)    Waste heat recovery furnace (14)    Carbonization reactor (44)
NOVELTY - Noble metal alloy foil (of 2-60 micronsm thickness) is obtained by cladding noble metal thin film (of 1-3 micronsm thickness) with noble metal. The foil is devoid of defects such as pinholes.    USE - For use as building materials and jewelry materials. For membrane pipes used in modifier of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The noble metal alloy foil without defects such as pinholes, is provided by cladding noble metal thin film with noble metal. The noble metal alloy foil is used in modifier of fuel cell. Thus, the hydrogen permeation efficiency of the modifier is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of noble metal alloy foil.
NOVELTY - A flow guide portion connected to connection line of a fluid such as heating gas or oxidizing agent or a cooling media curvingly guides fluid to flow direction of flow path (36a). The flow path is formed in separator (16) along its plane. The separator is installed between unit fuel cells (12) consisting of an anode lateral electrode and a cathode lateral electrode on both sides of electrolyte film (18).    USE - In solid polymeric-type fuel cell etc.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces fluid distribution loss due to formation of flow guide with curvature. Enhances electric generation efficiency due to uniform supply of fluid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective cross-sectional view of fuel cell stack.    Unit fuel cell (12)    Separator (16)    Electrolyte film (18)    Flow path (36a)
NOVELTY - Water absorption film (11) is fixed on both inlet and exhaust sides of battery with electrode sheet (2). Catalyst film (9) is fixed on both sides of electrode sheet disposed between inlet and exhaust manifold through which gas flows. The electrode sheet is encased in a housing.    USE - For gas humidification.    ADVANTAGE - Water absorptive film humidifies the gas and improves output of battery. The thickness of water absorptive film is uniform and therefore humidification of inlet gas is properly done.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of polymeric type solid battery.    Electrode sheet (2)    Catalyst film (9)    Water absorption film (11)
NOVELTY - Separator for a fuel cell has resin layers which contain electroconductive microcarbon. The outer surface layer has higher electroconductivity.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Has sufficient electroconductivity and sufficient strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for separator manufacturing method by injection molding.
NOVELTY - A light emission measurement unit (13) of control unit (10) measures quantity of light in test tube (11a) of test tube retainer (11) in a dark room. Nozzles (31-35) dispense sample, reagent and distilled water. Dividers (36,37) limit dispensing of sample, reagent and distilled water from respective nozzles.    USE - For micro-organisms contained in foodstuffs, river, sewage.    ADVANTAGE - Enables measuring content of adenosine tri-phosphoric acid continuously and effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Measurement target object adjusting unit (20) has water sampling pump for introducing a measurement target object. A washing device (22) ejects target object to equalizing tank (21), and injects distilled water to wash the tank. A reagent storage box (12) has containers filled with reagent. A test tube retainer (11) has a rotation device which holds and rotates the test tube (11a) during extraction of adenosine tri-phosphoric acid (ATP).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of ATP content measuring apparatus. Diagram is in foreign language.    Control unit (10)    Test tube retainer (11)    Test tube (11a)    Reagent storage box (12)    Light emission measurement unit (13)    Measurement target object adjusting unit (20)    Equalizing tank (21)    Washing device (22)    Nozzles (31-35)    Dividers (36,37)
NOVELTY - Heating gas is supplied to specific channels (400) distributed at the anode side from a heat gas source. Water is supplied to the anode channels other than the gas supply channel from a pump (3). A controller (9) regulates flow of water through selected channels alternately.    USE - For solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates maintaining polymer film in wet state, due to selective supply of water through channels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of solid polymeric type fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of the fuel battery.    Pump (3)    Controller (9)
NOVELTY - Fermenter comprises a cylindrical object (1) with an inclined axis of rotation. A cover (2) for the open end of the object has a hole (2a) corresponding to the object opening (1a). Projections (1c) are provided in the bottom of the object. A mixture of deodorization agent (vinegar and chaff) and zeolite non-classified organic refuse medium having more specific gravity, is injected into the object for processing.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Since the deodorizing agent is injected during processing, the generation of bad smell during processing is eliminated. Since the process machine consists of simple structure of cylindrical object, the cost is simplified and maintenance is easy. Since the heating and rotating of cylindrical object enables to dehydrate the refuse, the generation of bad smell is further reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an organic refuse processing method involving injecting the mixture of deodorization agent and non-classified organic refuse medium having high specific gravity into the cylindrical object. Then the object is rotated at predetermined speed at predetermined angle and a warm air blast pipe is inserted through the hole portion of the cover to heat the inside portion of cylindrical object to about 10 degreesC. Subsequently, the object is oscillated for predetermined time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of organic refuse processing machine.    Cylindrical object (1)    Opening (1a)    Projection (1c)    Cover (2)    Hole (2a)
NOVELTY - A mixture of hydrocarbons and water vapor is pre-heated to a given temperature by energy from exhaust gases formed by a gas turbine then heated to the required temperature by electrical energy.    USE - The process provides olefins and light alkanes, such as methane, from hydrocarbons and water vapor.    ADVANTAGE - The system is more economical than former processes and provides better temperature control.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises the heating of a mixture of hydrocarbons and water vapor to a temperature sufficient to crack the hydrocarbons to form olefins. The energy source necessary is provided by a co generation producing, by combustion of a fuel, electrical and mechanical energy simultaneously, the mechanical energy being transformed to electrical energy by an alternator or electric generator. The hydrocarbon /water vapor mixture is preheated by the co generation then heated to the required temperature by electricity.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also claimed for the apparatus for vaporizing the hydrocarbons.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows schematically an installation for the process    gas turbine; (1)    alternator; (4)    air or combustion supporter; (2)    gaseous fuel; (3)    post combustion chamber; (10)    burners; (13) superheating chamber; (11)    preheating chamber; (14)    inductive loop; (15)    tubes for circulation of hydrocarbons/water vapor; (6)    fractionating zone; (17)    withdrawal of ethylene, propylene; (18)    withdrawal of light alkanes. (19)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell vehicle is driven by: (a) supplying a fuel to a reformer that is provided with a hydrogen-permeable separation membrane for generating hydrogen; (b) supplying the generated hydrogen to the fuel cell; and (c) operating a drive unit by electric power obtained to run a vehicle.    USE - For driving a fuel cell vehicle such motorcycle, railway train, and other automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The method obtains efficiently a high purity hydrogen that can be supplied to a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell vehicle comprising tank (1), reformer (2), fuel cell (3), and drive unit (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell automobile.    Tank (1)    Reformer (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Drive unit (4)    Storage apparatus (5)
NOVELTY - A a gas flow containing impurities is purified by using barium exchanged zeolite X which adsorbs propane, ethylene and nitrous oxide in addition to carbon dioxide by a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or temperature swung adsorption (TSA) process.    USE - The process is used as a pretreatment of a gas flow comprising atmospheric air prior to a cryogenic separation, particularly by cryogenic distillation. In the absence of such a treatment, CO2 and other impurities can condense and solidify causing blockages in the distillation column.    ADVANTAGE - The zeolite BaX has advantages over zeolite 13X, which has been used in prior technology, including large pore diameter thus excluding a greater number of impurities than 13X(butane, cyclohexane, a high adsorption capacity for propane and ethylene; and a penetration time for nitrous oxide identical to that of CO2.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The purification of a gas flow containing impurities including propane, ethylene and nitrous oxide comprises:    (1) contacting the gas is with a zeolite X adsorbent containing barium ions;    (2) adsorbing the impurities on the adsorbent.    The zeolite X contains at least 30% of barium cations, preferably at least 70% and more preferably 75-98% of barium cations.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the adsorbent used in the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 4 shows the graphical results of the example above    Curve for inlet content of CO2 (C1)    Curve for outlet content of CO2 (C2)    Curve for outlet content of N2O (C3)    Curve for outlet content of C2H4 (C4)    Curve for outlet content of C3H8 (C5)    All curves were as a function of flow time (mins).
NOVELTY - A semiconductor sensor for detecting methane gas has the flow of gas diffusing to the sensor limited by a cap (6) surrounding the sensor, allowing for full combustion of the ethanol or hydrogen gas molecules present in the air cushion. The cap has a drilled hole (5) of diameter 1-200 limiting the diffusing gas flow.    USE - Methane gas sensor. Gases which might generate cross-sensitivity are eliminated, while the relatively stable methane molecules are able to diffuse through the hot air cushion and are detected.    ADVANTAGE - The gas sensor combines low cost with high sensitivity and selectivity for methane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a three-view diagram of the sensor, left to right a view of chip on the header, a cross-section through the sensor with drilled cap, and the sensor cap with drilled hole.    Sensor chip (4)    Header (7)    Drilled hole (5)    Cap (6)
NOVELTY - An air purifier comprises: (a) a housing having an irradiation chamber; (b) an inlet for passing air through the chamber; (c) an ultraviolet (UV) radiation generator mounted in the chamber for irradiating the air and having at least two distinct radiation emitting regions producing differing spectra of UV radiations; and (d) an isolator between the distinct emitting regions to optically isolate them. The generator comprises at least one radiation source.    USE - To destroy microorganisms and to remove impurities e.g. pollen, lung-damaging dust, smoke, pollutants (e.g. organic gases and toxic gases such as CO, SO2 and H2S) and odor from air.    ADVANTAGE - The air purifier is compact, inexpensive and easy to manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of an air purifier.    air purifier (10)    housing (12)    irradiation chamber (31)    radiation source (40)    radiating regions (40A, 40B)    optical isolator. (41)
NOVELTY - Forming soil enhancing pellets, by mixing at least 60 % of composted sewage sludge with up to 40 % of cellulosic plant material and up to 15 % of soil and plant benificiation chemicals, then aerobic composting, allowing a rise of temperature, screening, and pelleting at elevated temperature, is new.    USE - The process provides an economic and environmentally satisfactory means of disposing of both sewage waste, including excreta, and waste cellulosic plant material, to obtain a plant growing medium without potential health or environmental hazards.    ADVANTAGE - The product does not contain pathogenic microorganisms, which are mostly mesophilic and have been destroyed in the heat treatments to levels below those requiring governmental regulations. These microorganisms also give rise to the usual unpleasant odor of sewage, which is absent in the product, it smells instead like freshly exposed moist soil. Thermophilic microorganisms which are saved, by contrast, are beneficial. The process does not require expensive operations, e.g., oxidative aeration, acidification, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Forming soil enhancing pellets, comprising:    (a) making a homogeneous mixture of at least 60% of composted sewage sludge, up to 40% of cellulosic plant material, and up to 15% of soil and plant beneficiating chemicals;    (b) composting for at least 8 weeks in an aerobic environment while regulating heat retained from the composting process to raise the temperature at least once to 130-180 degrees Fahrenheit to destroy mesophilic bacteria and enhance growth of thermophilic bacteria in the mass;    (c) particulating to pass a inch screen with at least 99% passing a inch screen;    (d) pelleting the mixture under pressure in a pellet mill in a process that raises the temperature to 130-180 degrees Centigrade to destroy remaining mesophilic bacteria in the mixture; and, optionally    (e) cooling to below 100 degrees Fahrenheit before any containment, is new.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has two manifolds (2A,2C) for reactive gas supply and exhaust, joined together by a fastening unit comprising a plate-shaped bolt (7) and a dish spring (4). One end of bolt is fixed to mounting portion of manifold (2C) by aligning holes in bolt and mounting portion, and inserting a pin (8) through holes. Other end of bolt is mounted on mounting portion of manifold (2A) through dish spring.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a simple and inexpensive fastening structure of manifolds.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view and side view of manifold installation structure of fuel cell.    Manifolds (2A,2C)    Dish spring (4)    Bolt (7)    Pin (8)
NOVELTY - A fuel electrode (2) and oxidizing agent electrode (3) are laminated on opposing sides of an electrolyte board (1). A liquid fuel retainer (6) is laminated on the fuel electrode. A liquid fuel vaporizer (7) is provided in contact with the fuel electrode and fuel retainer.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Vaporization supply of liquid fuel can be done smoothly, even without using pump or blower. Hence, size of fuel cell is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of fuel cell.    Electrolyte board (1)    Fuel electrode (2)    Oxidizing agent electrode (3)    Liquid fuel retainer (6)    Liquid fuel vaporizer (7)
NOVELTY - When starting a fuel cell system, if the temperature detected by temperature detector is lower than preset reference temperature, air flow path change unit changes flow path of air heated by air heater (26) and flows in battery heating flow path (100). If the detected temperature exceeds preset reference temperature, the air flow is changed to heat flow path pipe (200).    USE - Activating fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system is operated reliably and smoothly under a low temperature environment. Also the starting of the system after a shutdown at low temperature environment is performed reliably. The occlusion of piping due to freezing of water remain in the pipe is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier (7) forms a hydrogen rich reformed gas from air supplied by fuel cell system (2). An compressor (1) discharges the hydrogen rich gas to cathode side of a fuel cell from an anode side for generation of electric power by cell reaction. The air heater heats the air discharge from the air compressor with the combustion exhaust gas of the modifier. The air passes through fed flow path pipe heating the other apparatuses and returns to the modifier after heating the battery (27).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram showing the composition of the fuel cell system.    Compressor (1)    Fuel cell system (2)    Modifier (7)    Air heater (26)    Battery (27)    Battery heating flow path (100)    Heat flow path pipe (200)
NOVELTY - The process involves placing the waste plant material contained in a net-like container (3) into a river (7), channel or sea bed until it decomposes.    USE - For processing waste plant material such as tree, fallen leaves and grass, which are used as compost by fermenting the ashes of the incinerated plant waste material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple, inexpensive and the polluted river are purified. The plant waste material are effectively recycled. Efficient fuel and compost are obtained by this method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows processing of waste plant material.    Net-like container (3)    River or channel (7)
NOVELTY - The plant incinerated ashes, carbohydrate and a decomposing microorganism (DM) are mixed, to obtain a primary fermentation processing agent (FPA).    USE - For manufacturing organic waste processing agent used for treating organic waste using microorganism. The processed organic waste is used as a fertilizer or feed.    ADVANTAGE - Organic waste is treated effectively without contaminating the environment. The putrefactive smell produced during processing of organic waste is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The FPA was mixed with protein and its DM to obtain a secondary FPA. The secondary FPA was mixed with animal protein and its DM to obtain a tertiary FPA. The tertiary FPA was then mixed with rice bran and chaff, to obtain organic waste processing agent.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacture of organic waste processed material, involves mixing organic waste processing agent (prepared as above) with organic waste and thermophilic bacteria, and fermenting to obtain organic waste processed material;    (2) organic waste processing agent; and    (3) organic waste processing apparatus comprises a grinder (1) for grinding the supplied organic waste, and an agitator (2) for mixing organic waste processing agent with organic waste and thermophilic bacteria, and a fermentation machine (3) for fermenting the obtained mixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of organic waste processing apparatus (Drawing contains non-English Language text)    Grinder (1)    Agitator (2)    Fermentation machine (3)
NOVELTY - A gas modification catalyst apparatus (1) comprises a laminate of felt-like inorganic fiber structure (4) containing metal, brown cerium oxide and brown magnesium oxide catalysts and random inorganic porous fiber, pinched between wire nets (6). The inorganic fiber is porous silicon carbide fiber or porous silicon-boron-oxide group glass fiber.    USE - For use in NOx removal in exhaust (claimed) of diesel engine of motor vehicles or for purification of waste gas generated during modification of methane and carbon dioxide (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The gas modification catalyst apparatus has increased catalytic efficiency. The felt-like inorganic structure acts as a good catalyst carrier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas modification catalyst apparatus manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows transverse plain sectional drawing of gas modification catalyst apparatus.    Gas modification catalyst apparatus (1)    Felt-like inorganic fiber structure (4)    Wire net (6)
NOVELTY - A direct mass and heat transfer unit (92) are connected to oxidant passage (90) and plant exhaust passage (80) which directs plant exhaust out of plant to directly transfer mass and heat exiting the plant within the exhaust and feeds back to process oxidant flowing in passage (90). A split oxidant passage (48) directs process oxidant to fuel cell unit (12) through reformer feed branch (46) of passage (48).    USE - For power generation installed in transportation vehicle, portable power plant, stationary power plant.    ADVANTAGE - Operates plant in water balance conditions with elimination of condensing heat exchangers, accumulators and boilers due to provision of direct mass and heat transfer unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The split oxidant passage directs reformer feed portion of process oxidant to fuel processing component unit and directs the exhaust into plant exhaust passage. The fuel processing unit includes a reformer (52) and a burner (40) for processing hydrocarbon fuel into reducing fluid. The fuel cell unit of minimum one number produce electrical energy from process oxidant and reducing fluid. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of operating fuel cell power plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the functional block diagram of fuel cell power plant operating system.    Fuel cell unit (12)    Burner (40)    Feed branch (46)    Split oxidant passage (48)    Reformer (52)    Plant exhaust passage (80)    Oxidant passage (90)    Heat transfer unit (92)
NOVELTY - The injector has an electrically controlled injector with a rectangular armature (13) and a solenoid coil (12) mounted in the housing (11), a single valve seat (15) member to which the armature flat surface is in parallel relation. The armature is urged to bring the flat surface in abutment against the valve seat member to provide a valve closed position.    USE - For feeding gaseous fuel to a propulsion system.    ADVANTAGE - The improved gaseous fuel injector in which the operational life of the components is increased. The efficiency of operation of the gaseous fuel injector is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A single outlet passage is formed in the housing and gaseous fuel is fed into one end of the housing and exited through the single outlet passage located at the opposite end. Control pulses are fed to the solenoid coil to drive the armature away from the valve seat member to an open position thereby opening the valve. This permits gaseous fuel to exit from the housing through the single outlet passage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of the gaseous fuel injector.    Housing (11)    Solenoid coil (12)    Rectangular armature (13)    Single valve seat (15)
NOVELTY - Closed top and bottom open hollow cylindrical sheath of thermally conductive material with electrical heaters in each sheath, is positioned with their open ends, based on heat apertures in top open reaction vessel. The apertures are formed in a bottom plate (16) in the reaction vessel bottom. Shredded scrap tires are charged into a reaction vessel, which are heated by conduction, convection and radiation.    USE - For reclaiming chemicals to produce usable gas, oil, carbon black from scrap tires, wastes such as farm waste, hazardous medical waste.    ADVANTAGE - Reclaims chemicals to produce usable gas, oil, carbon block from scrap tire using conduction, convection and radiation of thermal energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The conduction heat is transferred from the heated sheath. The convection heat is imparted through flow of heated air and gas between interspace of waste material. The radiation heat is imparted through the reaction vessel. The heaters are spiral in nature operating at 200-3000degreesF at a pressure of 1-20 psi with 15-60 minutes of heating. The sheath are spaced apart by 2-24 inches. Vertical drain pipes are extended upwardly from the bottom plate in the vessel located corresponding to drain apertures provided in the bottom plate between the sheath. Spaced baffles are provided inside each of the drain pipe. The reaction vessel is angularly inclined using pivot pin.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective cross-sectional view of the electro-smokeless recovery system.    Bottom plate (16)
NOVELTY - Unsaturated hydrocarbon is hydrogenated by: (a) introducing unsaturated hydrocarbon into a reaction zone in the presence of a catalyst; (b) introducing hydrogen at an addition rate to achieve first hydrogen concentration and stopped to allow hydrogen to deplete to a second hydrogen concentration; and (c) repeating step (b) prior to expiration of the reaction residence time.    USE - For hydrogenating an unsaturated hydrocarbon.    ADVANTAGE - The introduction of hydrogen into the reactor controls the molecular weight distribution of the produced polyolefin.
NOVELTY - Aspergillus fumigatus CCRC 930023 was isolated from the compost of the mixture of vegetable-market wastes and agricultural wastes. It produced antimicrobial substances in the alkaline nutrient broth. Three fractions, a1, a2, and b1, were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of the thermophilic fungus. Fraction a1 was stable at alkaline Ph (Ph 7-13), fraction a2 was stable at acidic to neutral Ph (Ph 1-8) and fraction b1 was stable at weak acidic to alkaline Ph (Ph 5-13). All of them were thermal stable at 100 DEG C for 180 min and 121 DEG C for 20 min. All of them had inhibitory activity to G (+) bacteria and actinomycetes, and fraction a1 had also inhibited the growth of MRSA. Each liter of culture broth produces 3.37 mg of a1, 5.00 mg of a2 and 2.37 mg of b1. Fraction a1 and a2 were alkaloids, and fraction b1 was protein. The molecular weight of fraction b1 was between 1856 and 4265.
NOVELTY - Complex microelement additive comprises dry matter of organic waste, mg/kg; nickel nitrate, 0.3-0.5; iron sulfate, 70- 90; manganese sulfate, 25-50; cobalt sulfate, 5.0-6.2; zinc sulfate 35-70; copper sulfate, 15-20; potassium iodide 2.5-3.0; ammonium vanadate; potassium bichromate, 2.5-3.0; ammonium molybdate, 1.0-3.0; magnesium sulfate, 100-140; sodium arsenite, 0.1-0.2; sodium selenite, 0.1- 0.2; potassium bromide, 10-14; rubidium nitrate, 1.0-1.8; boric acid 15.5-23.0; cesium nitrate, 0.6-0.9; and water, 1500-2500. Use of the additive makes it possible to accelerate and enrich the final product with protein, biologically active macro-and microelements.    USE - Agriculture, more particularly processing of organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Improved properties of the complex additive.
NOVELTY - A screw shaft stirs and conveys waste material, inside a treatment tank. An air conditioner heats and humidifies air and supplies it to the treatment tank through holes in shaft. A fungi feed zone is provided in which compost fermentation is performed.    USE - The apparatus is useful for manufacturing compost from cattle shed waste material and watery vegetable waste.    ADVANTAGE - The compost is efficiently manufactured by a simple mechanism and process. The process is accelerated by fungi and bacteria.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The under side of the treatment tank has a circular arc shaped groove. A hollow shaft for stirring has an air ejection unit at a predetermined area. The supplied air is controllable. The ends of several treatment tanks are connected through an opening. The fungi feed zone has a nutrition component for proliferation of fungi to porous ceramics. Fungi is supplied to the tank and is reusable after separation from compost. A bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus natto and lactic acid bacteria is included in the tank, which decomposes the material and production of compost.
NOVELTY - A reaction container is divided into several chambers by internal baffle plates. Fuel battery cells are provided in the reaction container. The porous surface (81) of a baffle plate (55) are coated with dense ceramics (83).    USE - As fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents leakage of unnecessary gas and damage by abnormal combustion, as the reaction container is reliably divided into several chambers by baffle plates. Enhances heat retention property to each chamber and avoids destruction of cell by temperature difference, as the porous surface of baffle plates are coated with dense ceramics, and hence long period of usage is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the baffle plate.    Baffle plate (55)    Porous surface (81)    Dense ceramics (83)
NOVELTY - The hybrid system of fuel battery and internal combustion engine (20) has a temperature control system (80) for adjusting temperature of at least fuel battery and internal combustion engine. The hybrid system generates electricity when a fuel is supplied.    USE - Motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hybrid system with increased electricity generation efficiency is obtained by using temperature control system. As exhaust of internal combustion engine is supplied as heat source to modifier, a separate heat source is not required for modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for motor vehicle equipped with the hybrid system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hybrid system of fuel battery and internal combustion engine.    Hybrid system of fuel battery and internal combustion engine (20)    Temperature control system (80)
NOVELTY - The system comprises a column still (1) liquefied natural gas which is the source of methane is supplied to this column still (1). A condenser (2) is provided in the column still (1) to concentrate methane using latent heat of vaporization of liquefied nitrogen gas. The evaporated nitrogen gas of condenser is circulated in a closed circuit (6) through a nitrogen liquefier (5).    USE - For high carbon concentration methane used a tracers.    ADVANTAGE - Offers a low cost system as liquid nitrogen is circulated in a close circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows conceptual schematic drawing of methane concentration system.    Column still (1)    Condenser (2)    Nitrogen liquefier (5)    Closed circuit (6)
NOVELTY - A reformer comprises a cylinder (21) with catalyst layer (47), a combustor for supplying combustion gas into the cylinder, a fuel feed pipe (39) for supplying fuel, and a water feed pipe (40) installed in the combustion gas route (25a). Water flowing inside feed pipe gets vaporized due to contacted with heated combustion gas. The fuel and water vapor are then guided to the heated catalyst layer.    USE - For fuel batteries (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - As water gets converted to water vapor utilizing the heat of combustion gas, size reduction of the apparatus is achieved. As the water flowing through the feed pipe is contacted with the inner peripheral wall of the combustion tube, the cooling of combustion tube is enabled. The thermal efficiency is improved by preheating the mixed gas using the heat energy of reformed gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cylinder with catalyst layer filled with catalyst, a combustor for supplying combustion gas into the cylinder are provided. A fuel feed pipe for supplying fuel, and a water feed pipe installed in the combustion gas route through which combustion gas passes, are provided. Water flow inside the feed pipe and gets converted to water vapor due to contact with heated combustion gas. The water feed pipe is drawn from the combustion gas route. Temperature of the catalyst layer is increased by the combustion gas, and mixture of fuel and water vapor are supplied to the catalyst layer to form reformed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of reformer.    Cylinder (21)    Combustion gas route (25a)    Fuel feed pipe (39)    Water feed pipe (40)    Catalyst layer (47)
NOVELTY - Reformer has a reformation unit (4) provided with built-in heaters (8,8a,8b) which are surrounded by metal thin wire of diameter 20-100 mum or metallic foil mainly containing copper and having specific surface area of 10 m2/g or more. Catalyst of 20-50 mum is filled in the reformation unit. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide are formed by a catalytic reaction from methanol and water vapor.    USE - For obtaining hydrogen used for fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen generating efficiency is good. Temperature of the catalytic reaction is uniformly increased within the modification unit. A fine temperature control is enabled. Workability and handling property are improved. Large surface area and contact area with the reaction material are secured with high catalyst ability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional drawing of the reforming part.    Modification unit (4)    Casing (6)    Catalyst (7)    Heaters (8,8a,8b)    Control unit (9)    Drain (10)
NOVELTY - A catalyst consists of metallic foil made of copper having thickness of 20-50 mum, wire diameter of 20-100 mum and specific surface area of 10 m2/g. The catalyst accelerates the reaction of methanol and water vapor to form hydrogen and carbon dioxide.    USE - For steam reforming of methanol (claimed) for obtaining hydrogen used for fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst accelerates the reaction of methanol and water vapor to form hydrogen and carbon dioxide. A large surface area and contact area with the reaction material are secured. High catalytic ability is achieved. Handling property, thermal efficiency, workability and durability of the catalyst are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for water vapor modifier of methanol which has a unit to modify methanol and water which are vaporized using catalyst and an unit to oxidize and remove carbon monoxide from the production gas.
NOVELTY - The electrical resistivity of insulating layer (2) is more than SnO2 film (5) provided on crystalline substrate layer (3).    USE - Used in gas leakage alarm unit.    ADVANTAGE - By providing crystalline substrate layer, morphology of sensitive layer and gas sensitivity are improved. A sensor having small thermal capacity is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas alarm unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of thin film gas sensor.    Insulating layer (2)    Crystalline substrate layer (3)    fSnO2 film (5)
NOVELTY - Decomposition of environmental pollutants with microorganism which is useful as a resource, is new.    USE - Decomposition of environmental pollutants to give polyester.    ADVANTAGE - Environmental pollutants are decomposed with microorganism and the resultant decomposed product polyester and the used microorganism are useful as resources.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production (I) of polyester compounds with microorganism from environmental pollutants, particularly contained in an aqueous medium, comprises:    (a) introduction of environmental pollutant organic materials in a reaction vessel, particularly introduction with the aqueous medium;    (b) contact of the organic materials with a microorganism capable to decompose the organic materials to give polyester compounds; and    (c) recovery of produced polyester compounds.
NOVELTY - A dual-purpose organic refuse collection and composting bin (1) ('wheelie bin') comprising a ventilating base tray, where the rear base of the tray has an outlet to an L-shaped transparent tube (10) clamped to and externally visible from the container rear, is new.    USE - The bin is used for dual-purpose organic refuse collection and composting.    ADVANTAGE - The composting process proceeds at a faster rate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A new dual-purpose organic refuse collection and composting bin (1) ('wheelie bin') comprises a ventilating base tray, where the rear base of the tray has an outlet to an L-shaped transparent tube (10) clamped to and externally visible from the container rear. Water drains from the bin contents to the base, progressively halting the essential ventilation process. The tube (10) water level provides visible warning of the need to drain the bin.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side cross-sectional view through the bin.    bin (1)    transparent tube (10)
NOVELTY - The arrangement of the unit involves a much simpler layout compared to previous installations which have very complex and costly interconnecting pipework.    USE - The unit can be adapted to the production of hydrogen, methane or carbon monoxide.    ADVANTAGE - The unit is less costly than other production units due to the greater simplicity of pipework, thus requiring lower investment and less maintenance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Unit for adsorption by pressure swing adsorption which comprises 2N adsorbers(where N is greater or equal to 2), each having a product outlet , which has the following properties :    (1) the adsorbers (A1.......) are paired in the form of (Ai, AN+i) ;    (2) the outlets from each pair are connected by a direct line (Li, N+i) provided with two primary valves i3, (N+i)3 ; and    (3) an intermediate point Bi on the direct line between the two valves is connected to a common line(2)by an intermediate valve i2.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figures 3 show a typical installation    adsorbers; (A1 - A6)    line connecting pair of adsorbers, Ai, AN+i; (Li, N+i)    common output line; (2)    charge input line; (1)    additional transverse line. (4A, 4B)    In the event of a fault in one of the adsorbers, it is possible to isolate the corresponding pair of adsorbers and the unit will continue functioning with the other four adsorbers. The phases are, in order, production, first depressurization, second depressurization, final depressurization, elution at low pressure, first repressurization and final repressurization.
NOVELTY - In the return lines for both fuel and oxidant, a condenser (10) removes the water product from return gas flow. Condenser sections (20) provide flow paths (23) for return flow. Further condenser sections (30) provide flow paths (33) for coolant. Condenser sections are adjacent, such that thermal exchange occurs. They are made using micro-engineering technology.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in a vehicle (claimed application).    ADVANTAGE - A step forward from prior art, this system simplifies water removal from the gases returned. It is especially compact. The water recovered can be recycled. Particularly thin metal sections are used, e.g. in the region of 10-100 microns, for the walls. Micro-engineering forms a condenser offering extremely high thermal transfer rates per unit volume. Finer points of arrangement for operation, preventing blockage and adverse reactions, are discussed in the disclosure. Low cost mass production is suggested. Conveniently, sandwich construction can be employed. The disclosure also contains some discussion of fuel cells and their wider uses.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The condenser concept is illustrated in perspective.    condenser (10)    condenser sections (20)    flow paths for return flow (23)    further condenser sections (30)    flow paths for coolant (33)
NOVELTY - The fuel battery comprises at least one basic cell, which is made up of two gas guide plates and a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) sandwiched between them. Only one strip of a proton exchange membrane, whose width is equivalent to the density of the first gas sealing ring on the gas guide plate, is retained on the electrochemically unactivated part of the MEA. The gas sealing ring comprises two sub-rings with different thicknesses.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved sealing performance and assembly at low cost. Also, less consumption of proton exchange membrane is involved.
NOVELTY - Recovery of a metal from a sulfidic feed material comprises bio-oxidizing a first portion of the material using an organism for oxidizing the sulfide sulfur in the material, combining the bio-oxidized fraction including the organism with a second portion of the feed material, and bio-oxidizing the combined feed material. The first and second portions are discrete from each other.    USE - Heap and vat bio-leaching of sulfidic ores, particularly those containing copper and gold.    ADVANTAGE - Improved degree of bio-oxidation. Feed material residence tine in the heap is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process preferably includes a further stage of floating a portion of the feed material to form a tailing fraction and a concentrate fraction, where the concentrate fraction comprises the first portion of the feed material.    The second portion of the feed material is free from bio-oxidizing. The first portion of the feed material is preferably in the form of a slurry. the step of combining the bio-oxidized first portion and the second portion involves agglomerating the portions.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are given for processes for recovering a metal from a feed materials containing sulfides. In one of these processes the metal is selected from copper, gold, silver, nickel, zinc, arsenic, antimony, and their mixtures.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an embodiment of the invention for the recovery of base metals.
NOVELTY - A natural gas hydrate has a gas content in excess of 163 Sm3/m3.    USE - For gas storage.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides: (a) improved gas content; (b) improved hydrate desolution temperature; (c) improved stability characteristics; (d) a flexible way of storing reserves of natural gas to meet short to medium term requirements in the event of excessive demands or reduction in the delivery of gas from the source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for the production of the natural gas hydrate by:    (a) combining natural gas and water to form a natural-gas water system, and an agent adapted to reduce the natural gas-water interfacial tension to form a natural-gas water-agent system;    (b) allowing the natural gas-water-agent system to reach equilibrium at elevated pressure and ambient temperature;    (c) reducing the temperature of the natural gas-water-agent system to initiate the formation of the natural gas hydrate.
NOVELTY - The starting alcohol for the process can be obtained from a biomass origin and the waste products from the fuel cell are non-contaminating to the environment.    USE - The H2 produced by the reforming unit is used as an energy source for the fuel cell, which in turn can be used in vehicles with limited emission.    ADVANTAGE - The use of ethanol as the starting material is advantageous over methanol which is toxic and only obtainable from fossil fuel sources .A high yield of H2 is obtainable by the process of the invention.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for the production of hydrogen by the catalytic reforming of ethanol at 300 - 800degreesC. in the presence of oxygen, for use in a fuel cell system, is claimed. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the installation incorporating the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the scheme of the installation.    Storage reservoir for water and EtOH (5)    Heater and vaporizer (7)    Catalytic reformer (8)    Heat exchanger (9)    Water gas shift reactor (10)    Selective oxidation reactor (11)    Heater and inlet for air (12,13)    Fuel cell (3)    Heat exchanger to cool gases to 80degreesC (14)    Heater (15)    Catalytic combustion at 700degreesC (4)
NOVELTY - A composting system comprises a bay (22), a transport system (52), and a fluid distribution system having fluid injection cell(s) (62) with opening(s).    USE - For decomposing waste material, e.g. paper, leaves, grass, and/or sludge, for use as a soil nutrient and/or additive in farming and gardening.    ADVANTAGE - The invention has a fluid distribution system which effectively distributes fluid throughout the waste material, while reducing air treatment costs. The waste material is not turned or mixed by the composting system, thus allowing the temperature of the waste material to be easily maintained within the desired range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of decomposing waste material using the above-mentioned system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the composting system.    Bay (22)    Transport system (52)    Nylon net (56)    Fluid injection cell (62)
NOVELTY - Harmful gas produced in a carbonization chamber is supplied to a combustion chamber via a connection portion. The carbonization chamber has a heater to heat its internal space to a predetermined value suitable for carbonization. The combustion chamber has a heater to carry out combustion of dioxin at a temperature greater than the carbonization temperature, so that degradation of toxic substances such as dioxin is performable.    USE - For process objects such as organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Inhibits the emission of harmful gas such as dioxin during carbonization by carrying out combustion at higher temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the carbonization apparatus.
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer comprises a modifier (23) in which hydrogen rich reformed gas is formed and supplied to fuel cell main body, as electricity generation fuel. A fuel supply system supplies the fuel after vaporization, to an intermediate combustor (26). The combustion gas is formed in intermediate combustor provided in the latter part of the modifier.    USE - For forming hydrogen rich reformed gas supplied to fuel cell main body, as electricity generation fuel for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The combustion efficiency in the intermediate combustor of the compact fuel reformer, is improved and warm up time is shortened.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal part expanded sectional view of fuel reformer.    Modifier (23)    Start combustor (25)    Intermediate combustor (26)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system (1) comprises a fuel cell (2) to which heating gas containing hydrogen and oxidizing gas containing oxygen are supplied. The pressure of oxidation gas (in case if it reduces) can be controlled by introducing exhaust gas ejected from the fuel cell system. The system comprises variable geometry type turbo charger (4) controlling pressure changes, by regulating the opening of its nozzle.    USE - For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - The backing pressure of a fuel cell can be controlled, therefore the transient response property of the pressure of the oxidizing gas supplied to a fuel cell is excellent. A size and weight reduction of the fuel system can be carried out.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The oxidizing and heating gas supplied to the fuel cell are made to react and electricity is generated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the oxidation gas feed zone of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Variable geometry type turbo charger (4)
NOVELTY - Low-temperature fermentation is performed on fish residue. Particulation of leaf charcoal is performed by adding and mixing the charcoal with fish residue and a fermentation microbe. The leaf charcoal microparticle is made to adhere onto the fish meal and fermentation is accelerated, followed by drying.    USE - The organic fertilizer is used on soil.    ADVANTAGE - A stable fertilizer with sustained effect for a long period of time is obtained. The fertilizer also has an enhanced effect on improving soil quality.
NOVELTY - Water vapor generator (30) supplies water vapor to modifier (40) for reformation of fuel. Tank (26) is provided for storing water soluble liquid with boiling point higher than water and freezing point less than water. A mixing unit is provided for mixing liquid in water supplied to water vapor generator.    USE - For fuel of hydrocarbon group such as heating gas containing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents freezing of steam production device and improves starting ability as liquid soluble in water with high boiling point and low freezing point on compared to water is mixed with water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Water vapor from generator is supplied to modifier humidifying the fuel and the gas. Mixing controller for water and soluble liquid based on the detected state of water vapor generator. State of the water vapor generator includes detection of outer air temperature less than predetermined temperature, and when water vapor generator temperature is less than predetermined value the condition of water vapor generator is stopped, concentration of liquid in water, amount supplied from generator is stopped.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for water vapor supply method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram showing the outline of the composition of fuel reformer.    Tank (26)    Water vapor generator (30)    Modifier (40)
NOVELTY - Plant cultivation involves continuous or intermittent supply of a microorganism to the soil.    USE - The method is useful in agriculture and horticulture.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple and inexpensive. The microorganisms (MC) are supplied during irrigation, and MC and water are uniformly distributed to the plant's roots, hence soil interference effect is inhibited, and MC is easily and effectively fixed. The method enables disease control in plants, growth promotion and stable inductive resistance in open systems by biologically controlling functions of the MC.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a liquid fertilizer containing a microorganism and a compound fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Probes (5a,5b) are attached to the bending section of optical fibers (4a,4b). Light is incident on one end of the fiber. A receiver (6) receives reflected light from the other end of the fiber. Based on received light, moving path and speed of target fluid are determined opposing to volume of liquid.    USE - For e.g. sewage treatment or water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Since the transmitted light is received from the other end of an optical fiber, the moving speed path of solids or air bubbles are measured with high precision.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fluid state analysis method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fluid state analyzer.    Optical fibers (4a,4b)    Probes (5a,5b)    Receiver (6)
NOVELTY - The method involves using methane oxidation catalyst and NOx adsorption catalyst.    USE - For purification of waste gas having methane content.    ADVANTAGE - Offers high methane conversion ratio and favorable nitrous oxide reduction rate along with oxidative degradation of uncombusted component such as carbon monoxide and aldehydes, due to the catalyst used. Reduces environment pollution due to removal of NOx.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane content waste gas purifier.
NOVELTY - Decomposition removal of hydrocarbon such as methane from high temperature gas (more than 370degreesC), by oxidative degradation involves adding previously formed ozone to the gas.    USE - For removing hydrocarbon from high temperature waste gas ejected from gas engine (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The oxidative degradation is carried out almost completely and methane is removed. Carbon monoxide and aldehydes contained in the gas can also be removed by oxidation. While ejecting the gas ozone is not contained, therefore pollution by ozone is prevented effectively without using catalyst for ozone removal. Heat can be recovered efficiently from the hydrocarbon by oxidation.
NOVELTY - A gas sensor (1) has a low temperature range function of carbon monoxide detection and high temperature range function of methane detection. A judging device (13) sets up first or second alarm point when carbon monoxide or methane concentration detection exceeds a preset level, respectively. An alarm retardation controller (17) delays second alarm point if carbon monoxide concentration remains normal.    USE - For carbon monoxide and methane gas leak detection.    ADVANTAGE - Alleviates need for cover check of carbon monoxide and enables quick detection as alarm retardation controller is provided to delay second alarm point, if carbon monoxide level remains normal beyond first alarm point.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit drawing of composite type gas leak warning unit.    Gas sensor (1)    Alarm point judging device (13)    Alarm retardation controller (17)
NOVELTY - A heater (18) and gas sensitive film (22) are laminated on heat resistant insulated substrate, so that electrodes (12,14,16) of gas sensor (8) are electrically connected to them. The entire substrate is heated to a process temperature, after which electrodes of sensor are connected to inspection pin to examine film (22). The substrate is partitioned after inspection, so that sensor operates independently.    USE - For manufacturing gas sensor used for detecting methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces installation cost and time required for substrate inspection, since entire substrate of gas sensor is heated during examination.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the substrate.    Gas sensor (8)    Electrodes (12,14,16)    Heater (18)    Gas sensitive film (22)
NOVELTY - Treating and utilizing organic waste comprises mechanically adding calcium oxide to the waste, to cause a natural physico-chemical reaction which dehydrates and stabilizes the material.    USE - The process is applicable to all types of pollutant materials, such as animal excrement, chicken manure, duck or pig dung, compost, fermentable parts of household waste, sludges, contaminated water or fats (all claimed). The product is useful e.g. as an organo-calcium amendment or filler for roads.    ADVANTAGE - The treatment eliminates pathogens and binds heavy metals, giving a stabilized product which is safe to the environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for apparatus for the process, comprising a mobile or industrial treatment unit including a product feeder, a mixer/grinder, a feeder for reactant and calcium oxide to the grinder, a liquid store, closed vessels for reaction and air treatment, a powder grinder, a cyclone for sorting plastics, a granulating press and a skip emptying station.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram of the apparatus.    Product feeder (1)    Mixer/grinder (2)    Feeder for reactant and calcium oxide to the grinder (3)    liquid store (4)    Closed vessels for reaction and air treatment (5)    Powder grinder (6)    Cyclone for sorting plastics (7)    Granulating press (8)    Skip emptying station. (9)
NOVELTY - A pile containing mixture of cattle manure and agroforestry waste is subjected to an aerobic fermentation step and the fermented mixture is then allowed to mature.    USE - For the preparation of organic fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for preparing an organic fertilizer from cattle manure and agroforestry waste comprises forming piles of mixture of the manure and waste, which optionally contains mineral fertilizer, then subjecting the mixture to an aerobic fermentation step, and then allowing the fermented mixture to mature.
NOVELTY - The cell includes a solid polymer membrane (21) sandwiched between a cathode catalyst layer (22) and an anode catalyst layer (23). The cell is sandwiched by the two plates, the 1st plate (50) having fuel channels (55) and the 2nd plate (60) having oxidiser channels (65). The water permeability adjusting layer (24) faces the oxidiser channels. Its water permeability is set to be lower closer to the entrance of the oxidiser than the exit.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell generates electricity with stability and high performance by evenly moistening the solid polymer membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a vertical section of a cell.    Cell unit (10)    Gas diffusion layer (24)    Cathode catalyst layer (22)    Channels (55,65)    Water permeation suppressing part (24A)    Water permeable part (24B)    Anode catalyst layer (23)    Solid polymer membrane (21)    Anode separator plate (50)    Cathode separator plate (60)
NOVELTY - Catalysts based on heteropolyanions of phospho-12-tungstic acid or molybdo-12-tungstic acid, in which the active component is deposited on a support with a high specific surface and a high pore volume, e.g. zirconium dioxide, silica, aluminosilicate or alumina.    USE - For the isomerization of paraffin cuts consisting mainly of 4-8C paraffins (especially 4C, 5-6C, 5-7C and 8C cuts) and also for the aliphatic alkylation of isoparaffin(s) (especially isobutane and isopentane) by 2-6C olefin(s) (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Improved solid catalysts enabling the isomerization of n-paraffins to iso-paraffins and the alkylation of isoparaffins by olefins with high conversion and high selectivity (for production of high-octane fuel).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of these catalysts by deposition of the above heteropolyanions on a support as described above.
NOVELTY - Process for charging a gas- and/or pressure-tight treatment chamber comprises, placing the charging material in the gas- and/or pressure-tight filling chamber, placing under pressure and maintaining conveyable; and homogenizing the material and portioning into the treatment chamber.    USE - For charging a reactor for a gasification process according to the high temperature Winkler process for treating plastic waste, used tires, dewatered clarified sludge, brown and hard coal, and household waste.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple.
NOVELTY - The reformer assemblage includes heat transfer fins disposed in the burner gas passage, the fins varying in population density in different areas of the assemblage to control the temperature of the burner wall.    USE - The assemblage is for use in a fuel cell power plant.    ADVANTAGE - The assemblage is compact and lighter in weight than conventional steam reformer assemblages and operates at lower burner gas passage wall temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reformer assemblage comprises    (a) at least one process gas passage operable to direct a stream of fuel gas and steam mixture through the assemblage,    (b) at least one burner gas passage disposed in heat transfer relationship with the process gas passage operable to direct a stream of burner gas through the assemblage in a direction which is counter to the fuel gas and steam mixture, and    (c) heat transfer fins disposed in the burner gas passage, the fins being present in a population fin density gradient from the burner gas passage inlet to the burner gas passage outlet.    The population fin density gradient provides minimal heat transfer to walls of the burner gas passage in an inlet section of the passage; and provides increased heat transfer to the walls of the burner gas passage in an intermediate section of the passage; and provides still greater heat transfer to the walls of the burner gas passage in the outlet section of the passage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side elevational view of one of the burner gas passage.    Burner gas passage (4)    Heat transfer fins (14)    Burner gas stream (D)    Initial section (I)    Medial section (J)    Final section (K)
NOVELTY - Selecting a strain (A) of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for preservation of green fodder comprising: (1) measuring at least one parameter that describes fermentation purity and/or speed of decomposition in a substrate that simulates a forage matrix; (2) measuring the change in the amount of ammonium nitrogen (AN) in the grass extract substrate; and (3) selecting the LAB strain that reduces the amount of AN, is new.    USE - Selected (A) are used to preserve green fodder (ensilaging) for use as winter feed for animals.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows rapid and reliable selection of strains that provide high quality silage, i.e. good production of lactic acid, minimal protein decomposition and effective inhibition of decay-inducing microorganisms, both during ensilaging and after the silo has been opened.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the method of preserving green fodder using (A) and green fodder preserved by the method.
NOVELTY - A process for removing and immobilizing arsenic (As) from arsenic waste, involves oxidizing arsenic to pentavalent arsenic in an aqueous medium of pH 0.5-4 using oxidizing bacteria at 20-85 degreesC, in the presence of mineral catalyst. The pentavalent arsenic is contacted with trivalent iron (Fe) to form an insoluble precipitate of Fe/As having molar ratio of 1:1 and the Fe/As precipitate is separated.    USE - For separating and disposing As from copper ore and from metallurgical process streams.    ADVANTAGE - The process is safe since in the pyrometallurgical process, precipitation of arsenic in a stable form occurs with an excess of ferric iron resulting in a stable amorphous ferric arsenate. Inexpensive source of iron e.g. iron scrap can be advantageously used in the process.
NOVELTY - Converting biomass to a hydrocarbon mixture comprises reacting the biomass with water in a reactor at greater than 320 degrees C and greater than 200 bar, under reaction conditions that are free of any strong oxidant.    USE - Transforming biomass, e.g. waste of biological origin, into useful products, e.g. petroleum-like hydrocarbon mixtures, allowing the generation of a burnable fuel and the generation of feed streams for reforming and distillation. An example is the transformation of waste lipids into a hydrocarbon mixture similar to a sweet crude petroleum containing volatile alkane and alkene gases (2-10C) and liquid hydrocarbon mixtures.    ADVANTAGE - The environmental and other costs associated with fossil fuel extraction are reduced. The reaction may be conducted in continuous, batch, or semi-batch mode.
NOVELTY - A biofilter comprises a bacteria cell biomass. It has a half life and longevity of at least8 weeks.    USE - For emplacement into a contaminated groundwater aquifer for biodegradation of a water contaminant, e.g. petroleum and coal-derived hydrocarbons (derivatives), halogenated aliphatics including trichloroethane (TCE), and halogenated aromatic and nitroaromatics.    ADVANTAGE - The invention has an increased longevity and lifespan. It has sufficient catalytic density and thickness. It has an increased bacterial replenishment interval, via improved attachment and detachment characteristics of the cells and their endogenous catalytic activity under the devised in situ attachment conditions.
NOVELTY - Bacterial strain isolated from soil polluted by petroleum derivatives has destructive effect on petroleum hydrocarbons and derivatives.    USE - Biotechnological methods for oil pollution removal.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced oil destructive activity.
NOVELTY - Bacterial strain isolated from soil polluted by petroleum derivatives has destructive effect on bicyclic and polycyclic mazut aromatics.    USE - Biotechnological methods for oil pollution removal.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced oil destructive activity.
NOVELTY - Bacterial strain isolated from soil polluted by petroleum derivatives is cultured for 72 hours in a liquid nutrient medium containing mineral salts, soya been flour and molasses at 28 degrees Celsius under aerobic conditions. Deep culture of microorganism (10%) is placed into sterile peat with mineral additives and additionally grown for 120 hours at 3 degrees Celsius. Destructive activity of the preparation containing the fully grown strain (at a concentration of 0.1%) with regard to petroleum hydrocarbons and derivatives, ranges between 86.3-94.6% within a wide pH range (4.5-10.0).    USE - The bacterial strain is useful for biotechnological methods for oil pollution removal.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced oil destructive activity.
NOVELTY - Bacterial strain isolated from soil polluted by petroleum derivatives has destructive activity of petroleum hydrocarbons and derivatives at 3 - 45 C, and pH 4.5 to 8.0.    USE - Biotechnological method for oil pollution removal.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced oil destructive activity. 2 tbl, 2 ex
NOVELTY - Bacterial strain isolated from soil polluted by petroleum derivatives has destructive activity of between 90.3 and 94.5 for paraffin fractions of mazut and between 88.7 and 93.0% for olefin fractions.    USE - Biotechnological methods for oil pollution removal.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced oil destructive activity. 2 tbl, 2 ex
NOVELTY - Water and field fuel are supplied to vaporization unit (3) to form water fuel mixed gas. The molar ratio of water in water fuel mixed gas is adjusted by the adjusting supply unit (12). The temperature of derivation flow path is detected by temperature detection unit (24). Adjusting supply unit is controlled by control unit (25) based on the detected temperature.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The warm up time of fuel reformer is shortened. Even when the water fuel mixed gas is modified and reformed gas is formed, excess water vapor does not remain in the reformed gas. So dew formation is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel reformer for fuel cells.    Vaporization unit (3)    Supply unit (12)    Temperature detection unit (24)    Control unit (25)
NOVELTY - The conversion reaction heat processing unit (H) recovers heat generated by conversion of processed original fuel. The recovered heat is supplied to original fuel processing unit (4). The supplementary fuel supply unit (S) supplies a part of original fuel whose supply amount is adjusted by fuel amount regulation unit (Vm), to burner (4b) of fuel processing for combustion purpose.    USE - For power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Efficiency of electricity generation is increased, since part of original fuel is supplied to burner of original fuel processing unit for combustion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel power generating device.    Original fuel processing unit (4)    Burner (4b)    Conversion reaction heat processing unit (H)    Supplementary fuel supply unit (S)    Fuel amount regulation unit (Vm)
NOVELTY - A methane fermentation process is performed in a tank (6), to the raw material diluted by a dilution unit (3). The biogas collected from the tank is provided as a heating gas to an electrical power generating device (14) to generate power. The supernatant liquid after fermentation from the tank is treated by a heater (17) and is supplied to a dilution unit as dilution water.    USE - For an electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - As the heater utilizes heat exhausted from the electricity generation unit, improvement in fuel heat utilization is achieved and environment pollution is reduced, with a reduction in the production cost of power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circulation-type electricity generation system.    Dilution unit (3)    Tank (6)    Electrical power generating device (14)    Heater (17)
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) comprises a treatment tank (2) in which a rotary drum (5) is mounted. A microorganism fixed filter medium (6) is received inside the drum. A control unit (9) regulates rotation of drive motor (8) for the drum. A solid substance peeling screen (7) is pasted on wall surface of drum by which solid substance of drum are ejected to outside of tank.    USE - For processing garbage ejected from kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Improves treatment efficiency by microorganism fixed filter, inside of rotary drum which disassembles organic substance in water. Reduces initial cost and running cost by control unit which regulates rotation of drum depending on supply of waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire block diagram of waste water treatment apparatus.    Waste water treatment apparatus (1)    Treatment tan (2)    Rotary drum (5)    filter medium (6)    Solid substance peeling screen (7)    Drive motor (8)    Control unit (9)
NOVELTY - Vibrio rumoiensis S-1 catalase polynucleotide comprises the sequence (I) given in the specification.    USE - The catalase is useful as an enzymatic agent decomposing hydrogen peroxide contained in waste water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:-    1) a catalase polypeptide comprising at least residues 127 to 509 of the fully defined amino acid given in the specification,    2) a recombinant vector carrying comprising the gene; and    3) a transformant transformed by the above recombinant vector.
NOVELTY - Water vapor (2) for reforming, is mixed with a heating gas (1) containing carbon monoxide. Shift reaction of the mixed gas (3a-3d) is performed at 200-450degreesC. The mixed gas whose temperature is raised using the reaction heat, is heated and is supplied to a modifier (4).    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Precipitation of carbon in the heat exchanger, is inhibited. Flow path occlusion is prevented. Electricity generation is performed efficiently. High carbon monoxide concentrated gas which is a refuse, is used as a fuel for the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel processing apparatus. The apparatus consists of a mixing vessel (12) which mixes water vapor and the heating gas. A shift reaction device (14) is provided in which the shift reaction of the mixed gas, is performed. A fuel preheater (16) is used for heating the mixed gas from the shift reaction device. The mixed gas is further supplied to the modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell.    Heating gas (1)    Water vapor (2)    Mixed gas (3a-3d)    Modifier (4)    Fuel processing apparatus (10)    Mixing vessel (12)    Shift reaction device (14)    Fuel preheater (16)
NOVELTY - A process for delaying putrefaction of a processing liquid comprises mixing a waste sand containing a symbiotic aerobic and anaerobic bacteria with a processing liquid.    USE - The process is useful for delaying the putrefaction of the processing liquid, such as cutting, working, metal drawing out and rust prevention oils, detergents and cleaning solutions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Putrefaction controlling body manufacturing process comprises mixing a culture solution containing symbiotic aerobic and anaerobic bacteria with waste sand, molding the mixture into the desired shape, and sintering the molded product into the putrefaction controlling body.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery system has modifier for reforming town gas, and reformed gas is passed to carbon monoxide (CO) conversion device and CO removal device. Hydrogen and oxygen from air is passed to main body of fuel battery, reacted with reformed gas for electricity generation. A booster pump and flow rate regulator are connected to town gas feed pipe where flow rate and pressure of town gas passed to modifier are controlled, to ensure stable constant pressure gas flow.    USE - For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - The generation system supplies town gas to modifier with controlled pressure and flow rate, stably. A stable fuel supply to fuel cell is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel battery system has modifier (7) for reforming town gas by supplying town gas and water vapor to modifier. The reformed gas is passed to carbon monoxide (CO) conversion device (9) and CO removal device (11), where the CO is removed. Hydrogen and oxygen from air is passed to the main body of fuel battery (3), reacted with reformed gas for electricity generation. A booster pump (1) and flow rate regulator (4) are connected to town gas feed pipe (2) where flow rate and pressure of town gas passed to the modifier are controlled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery electricity generation system.    Booster pump (1)    Town gas feed pipe (2)    Fuel battery main body (3)    Flow rate regulator (4)    Town gas modifier (7)    CO conversion device (9)    CO removal device (11)
NOVELTY - Recovering energy from a digestive gas containing methane and hydrogen sulfide, obtained by anaerobic treatment of sulfur compound containing organic waste, comprising: (1) contacting with alkali solution and de-sulfurizing; (2) passing through an adsorption tower (4) containing adsorbent (41) to remove hydrogen sulfide; and (3) generating electricity from a fuel battery using the digestive gas as fuel, is new.    USE - For recovery of energy from a digestive gas obtained by anaerobic treatment of organic waste containing a sulfur compound.    ADVANTAGE - The process is economical. The apparatus is compact and inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an energy collecting apparatus (10) which comprises an alkali cleaning apparatus (2), adsorption tower (4), fuel battery (7) and absorbent (41).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows entire schematic view of an energy collection apparatus.    Alkali cleaning tower (2)    Adsorption tower (4)    Fuel battery (7)    Absorbent (41)
NOVELTY - Blocks (3A-3C) of fuel cell stack (3) arranged in parallel in outer cladding case (1) are supplied with fuel and oxygen through supply duct (51) and jet pipe (53) which are arranged on side surface of each block alternately. The supply duct and jet pipe in the shape of trapezium or trigenum tapers from one end to other of each block.    USE - Fuel cell for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since arrangement of supply duct and jet pipe in each block are reversed alternately due to parallel arrangement of fuel battery blocks, dead space during configuration of each block is decreased, a small outer cladding case is realizable and compact design is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of fuel cell.    Outer cladding case (1)    Fuel cell stack (3)    Blocks (3A-3C)    Power supply duct (51)    Jet pipe (53)
NOVELTY - The catalytic reactor has catalyst (47) filled in the tube (45) installed to cylinder (42). Hot combustion gas passes through the exterior of tube. The reaction gas passes through the inside of the tube. Tubes are arranged orthogonally to combustion gas flow direction.    USE - For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates uniform and quicker raising of reactive gas temperature, as reactive gas passes through inside of tubes of compact size, whose catalyst is heated by combustion gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of catalytic reactor.    Cylinder (42)    Tube (45)    Catalyst (47)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide (CO) removal device (7) consists of catalyst layers (1) serially connected by connecting pipes. Each catalyst layer (CL) is provided with air pipe which are arranged parallel to each other. Reformed gas obtained from modifier (4) is mixed with air containing CO, CO is subjected to redox process and hydrogen rich gas is obtained.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen rich gas used as fuel for fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide converting device is simple. Catalyst layers are maintained at uniform temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the carbon monoxide removal device.    Catalyst layers (1)    Modifier (4)    CO removal device (7)    Header (12)    Air pipe (13)    Vent (14)
NOVELTY - The system includes the carbon monoxide conversion device (4) and removal device (5). Both the devices are contained in one casing. The casing is provided with heat exchanger which transfers heat to both the devices. A burner heats conversion device during starting. During running condition, the cooling water from battery releases heat to the heat exchanger.    USE - Fuel cell electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The heat exchanger which receives heat from the cooling water of battery, heats carbon monoxide conversion device and removal device, hence size reduction of equipment is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cooling water tank and the heat exchanger are provided with individual pumps. When the cooling water temperature is in between the preset limits, the pump for heat exchanger is operated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the fuel cell electricity generation system.    Carbon monoxide conversion device (4)    Carbon monoxide removal device (5)
NOVELTY - The heat exchangers (H1,H2) for heat recovery are connected between a modifier (3) and the carbon monoxide conversion device (4). A water pipe (66) is guided to both the exchangers, so that heat of reformed gas guided to the device (4) is collected and water temperature in pipe is raised and the water is supplied to the water vapor generator (70).    USE - For e.g. solid polymeric type fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The necessary thermal capacity of the water vapor generator is reduced and the thermal efficiency is improved. The heat is collected efficiently without affecting the reaction performed within the system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure represents solid polymeric type fuel battery electricity generation system.    Modifier (3)    Device (4)    Water pipe (66)    Water vapor generator (70)    Heat exchangers (H1,H2)
NOVELTY - Gas from the production unit (R) is stored in chamber (S) and is suppled to power generator (G) through a supply line (C). The gas delivery rate is monitored. When the delivery rate is less than the supply rate, gas is stored. The stored gas is released, when supply rate is maximum.    USE - Fuel cell based power generating system.    ADVANTAGE - Power generation efficiency is increased due to effective gas supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel cell based power generating system.    Supply line (C)    Power generator (G)    Production unit (R)    Chamber (S)
NOVELTY - The fuel battery has anode gas and cathode gas inlets provided in the mid position of inlets and outlets of anode and cathode gases, respectively. Half the amounts of anode gas and cathode gas are supplied from anode gas inlet and cathode gas inlet, and the other halves are supplied from the middle inlet of the anode and cathode gases, respectively.    USE - As molten carbonate type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The gas temperature in the battery outlet, is reduced, thereby reducing the power of blower which circulates cathode gas, and the capacitance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Electricity is generated in the fuel battery by supplying gas containing hydrogen (anode gas) to the anode and gas containing oxygen (cathode gas) to the cathode of the battery. The inlets of anode and cathode gases are joined together in one battery and the outlets of the anode and cathode gases are arranged in another battery, separated through a partition wall. The gases enter through the inlets of one battery and exit through the outlets provided in the other battery so that heat exchange is carried out between the two gases.
NOVELTY - Modifier (1) for fuel batteries forms hydrogen from a hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor. Main body (3) of the modifier is filled with a catalyst which initiates the reaction. A burner (52) heats the modifier main body. A heat recovery wall is arranged at the junction (71) of burner and modifier main body.    USE - For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus has improved thermal efficiency as the heat transmitted to the recovery wall is utilized. The amount of heat required to vaporize water in the water vapor generator is reduced. As air is first passed through the recovery wall, the temperature of the air increases thereby decreasing the amount of heat required by the burner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery having the novel modifier.    Modifier (1)    Main body (3)    Water vapor generator (22)    Burner (52)    Junction (71)    Recovery wall (72)
NOVELTY - A cylinder (21) has water vapor formation chamber (42) and catalyst layer (37). A supply pipe is provided at combustion gas outlet side of cylinder to supply mixture of fuel and water to the water formation chamber. The water vapor formed in the chamber by heating with combustion gas is guided along with fuel to catalyst layer to form hydrogen.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since the water vapor formation chamber is provided in cylinder to heat water with combustion gas, size reduction of modifier for fuel batteries is performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A chamber with upper and lower partitions (32b,32a) is provided in the cylinder. The catalyst layer and water vapor formation chamber are provided in the chamber. Heat exchange chamber (31a) is provided at combustion gas outlet (31) provided above the chamber. Supply pipe provided at combustion gas outlet side, penetrates through heat exchange chamber and catalyst layer to supply fuel and water to water vapor formation chamber. A burner (22) provided at bottom portion of cylinder supplies combustion gas to the formation chamber for heating water. The mixture of fuel and water vapor from formation chamber is guided to catalyst layer to form hydrogen. Metal grains are provided in the water vapor formation chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of modifier.    Cylinder (21)    burner (22)    Combustion gas outlet (31)    Heat exchange chamber (31a)    Lower and upper partitions (32a,32b)    Catalyst layer (37)    Water vapor formation chamber (42)
NOVELTY - Mixing and drying wet waste comprises mixing the waste with a dried solid member separated by a solid-gas separator in a mixing unit (12), cracking and drying the mixture by sending it to a flash dryer (28) in conjunction with a portion of exhaust gas from the separator and high temperature gas used as heat source, separating and storing the dried solid by flowing outlet gas containing dried solid from the flash dryer to the separator, and discharging the dried solid to the outside while feeding back a portion of the dried solid to the mixing unit.    USE - Mixing and drying wet waste, e.g. livestock waste or sewage sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of the wet waste mixing and drying equipment.    Waste Supply Pipe (10)    Mixing Unit (12)    Dried Solid Storing Unit (16)    Flash Dryer (28)    Cracking Unit (30)    Flash Drying Pipe (32)
NOVELTY - Production of a fuel and high purity hydrocarbon product (A) involves: (1) removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from a feed comprising nitrogen, methane and CO2 (1-40 volume%) to produce a CO2 depleted feed (B); (2) cooling (B) and passing into a cryogenic rectification column (a); (3) separating (B) by (a) into (A); and (4) recovering fuel and high purity hydrocarbon product from the upper and lower portions of (a) respectively.    USE - For producing fuel, hydrocarbons and natural gas e.g. methane.    ADVANTAGE - The process produces high purity hydrocarbons and natural gases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for the production of (A) comprising:    (1) a CO2 removal system and inlet for providing the feed to the system;    (2) a heat exchanger, (a) and valves for passing the (B) to the heat exchanger and from heat exchanger to (a);    (3) recovery devices for recovering the fuel and high purity hydrocarbon product respectively.
NOVELTY - The biological sludge composting for agriculture comprises utilisation of effluent treatment plant material, and additives. Chemical analysis and nutrient evaluation are supplemented by granulometric analysis. The product is an excellent organic compost.    USE - In agriculture.
NOVELTY - Light source device for gas detection has at least one pump light source device and a wavelength conversion unit which wavelength converts the pump light from the pump light source device by pseudo-phase matching. Light of an absorption wavelength of the gas to be detected is generated. The wavelength conversion unit uses MgO-doped LiNbO3 crystals as wavelength conversion crystals where a periodic polarization reversal structure is formed for pseudo-phase matching.    USE - The device is used in detecting gases such as methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide etc.    ADVANTAGE - The device requires no large sized heating apparatus for preventing the optical damage of a wavelength conversion crystal. The device is compact and is excellent in explosion protection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a light source device for gas detection.    Pump Light Source Device (1)    Wavelength Conversion Unit (2)    MgO-Doped LiNbO3 Crystal (3)    Optical Resonator (4)    Light Pump (L1)    Signal Light or Idler Light (L2)
NOVELTY - An isolated microorganism of the strain Bacillus ATTCC (American Type Culture Collection) 202133 is new.    USE - The bacteria are used in wastewater treatment (claimed) such as municipal, food processing, and residential wastewater; pretreatment of wastewater that might contain oleaginous matter; treatment of on-site sewage disposal systems such as septic tanks and cesspools; agricultural applications including livestock manure waste management or as Direct Fed Microbials for use in livestock feeds (claimed) to increase food digestion and utilization; laundry and dish detergents, drain cleaners, and spot removers; and for treatment of pipes, traps, plumbing systems (claimed), and grease traps. They can also provide an original gene pool for recombinant bacteria applications and further recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid work.    ADVANTAGE - The bacteria produces lipase enzymes, proteases, and amylases. They grow under aerobic conditions, and bear spores that germinate to vegetative reproducing cells and are resistant to temperatures reached during pasteurization.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a composition (II) comprising (I) and at least one other microorganism; and    (2) a method of treating wastewater, plumbing system components, and animal feeds by adding (I) or (II).
NOVELTY - An isolated microorganism (I) of the strain Bacillus ATTCC (American Type Culture Collection) 202134 is new.    USE - The bacteria are used in wastewater treatment (claimed) such as municipal, food processing, and residential wastewater; pretreatment of wastewater that might contain oleaginous matter; treatment of on-site sewage disposal systems such as septic tanks and cesspools; agricultural applications including livestock manure waste management or as Direct Fed Microbials for use in livestock feeds (claimed) to increase food digestion and utilization; laundry and dish detergents, drain cleaners, and spot removers; and for treatment of pipes, traps, plumbing systems (claimed), and grease traps. They can also provide an original gene pool for recombinant bacteria applications and further recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid work.    ADVANTAGE - The bacteria produces lipase enzymes, proteases, and amylases. They grow under aerobic conditions, and bear spores that germinate to vegetative reproducing cells and are resistant to temperatures reached during pasteurization.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a composition (II) comprising (I) and at least one other microorganism; and    (2) a method of treating wastewater, plumbing system components, and animal feeds by adding (I) or (II).
NOVELTY - Degradation of a polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) pollutant involves treating the PCB pollutant with a butane-utilizing bacteria in the presence of a butane substrate containing butane as the most prevalent compound under aerobic conditions.    USE - For in-situ or ex-situ bioremediation of PCB contaminants in air, soil and ground water waste stream.    ADVANTAGE - The process effectively degrades PCB pollutants in the presence of oxygen either by co metabolism or by direct metabolism. The treatment effectively reduces the PCB level. The butane-utilizing-bacteria which are not sensitive to ambient oxygen tension can be effectively used under normal atmospheric conditions. the butane-utilizers in the process do not exhibit copper toxicity and does not require carbon dioxide as supplementary carbon source. The butane-utilizing organism in the process may be applied in-situ in saline or as well as in low pH environments. The use of surfactants in the process may accelerate the removal of pollutant from the soil matrix thereby lowers treatment time and increases bioreactor performance. The PCB removal efficiency may be improved by controlling various process parameters such as increasing biofilm surface area, improving butane and oxygen delivery system and adjusting the adequate conditions for optimum bacterial group etc.
NOVELTY - Thermal treatment equipment (1a) comprises a vaporization unit (3) to heat treat dry sludge (11). Waste oil is added to the sludge, to obtain production oil.    USE - To heat treat sewage sludge to obtain production oil, e.g. diesel engine fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Quality of production oil is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the modification of production oil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sludge thermal treatment equipment.    Thermal treatment equipment (1a)    Sludge feeder (2)    Vaporization unit (3)    Condenser (4)    Gas-liquid separator (5)    Heater (6)    Gas classification unit (7)    Reaction unit (8)    Condensation isolation unit (9)    Dry sludge (11)    Gaseous products (12,15)    Production oil (19)
NOVELTY - A method for using microorganisms involves dissolving 1 kg of golf course pond purifying microbes in 100 l of water. The solution is allowed to stand for a predetermined time and dispersed on whole water surface of golf course pond.    USE - For purifying eutrophication of water surfaces such as rivers, ponds or seas, also useful in water supply pipes of kitchen and washroom, organic refuse, garbage disposal and for treating waste oil.    ADVANTAGE - The method is effective and does not affect fish present in the water. Clogging and bad odor of washroom or kitchen pipes is eliminated. The water surfaces are protected against eutrophication. The method is simple and improves environment effectively.
NOVELTY - The contents in treatment tank (28) is heated by a high temperature heater and stirred by a stirrer (40). A scavenging opening (14) guides air into tank, for removal of foul air through scavenging pipe (17) and deodorizing catalysts (18,19), before exhausting.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse in residences.    ADVANTAGE - Odor is removed efficiently, as air is guided through scavenging pipe and deodorizing catalysts. High temperature is maintained for quick drying by air curtain formation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of organic refuse processing device.    Scavenging opening (14)    Scavenging pipe (17)    Deodorizing catalysts (18,19)    treatment tank (28)    Stirrer (40)
NOVELTY - A pair of rotation shafts (3) are penetrated into side plate (2a) of treatment tank (2) and positioned in parallel. Around each shaft, spiral stirring blades are protruded with right and left inversions along winding direction. The blades convey the refuse to center section from side plate side.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The protrusion of blades with right and left inversions along winding direction, ensures uniform mixing of organic refuse and microbial bed. Sufficient oxygen replenishment is performed for microbe and activation of aerobic microbe is performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The adjoining shafts are rotated mutually in opposing direction. A cutter is attached to the outer edge of the stirring blade.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (2)    Side plate (2a)    Rotation shafts (3)
NOVELTY - A separator has an expanded graphite sheet having grooves (41) formed by compression molding. The ratio L/H of groove is 0.9-4.0, where L is width of opening of groove and H is depth of groove. The angle between the side (43) of groove and base (42) of groove is 90-120degrees.    USE - For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The groove of sufficient depth and smoothness is formed. Sufficient flow rate is achieved by lowering the flow path resistance of separator. The separator has sufficient mold-release characteristics. The graphite sheet has good workability. The electrical conductivity, mechanical strength and dimensional stability of the separator is raised using graphite sheet made of phenolic resin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of principal part of the separator.    Groove (41)    Base (42)    Side of groove (43)
NOVELTY - Supercritical water (22) for fixing carbon dioxide of solid fuel (21) to calcium oxide (23) in reactor (11) is obtained from boiler (5). A separator (13) separates hydrogen-methane (25) and calcium carbonate (27) from calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. Hot air (28) required by calcium oxide regenerator (14) to convert calcium carbonate (27) is heated by a heat exchanger (42) using exhaust heat of boiler.    USE - For chemical or power plants which use a hydrogen-methane producer.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures continuous supply of heat required by calcium oxide regenerator and saves resources, as heat required for regeneration is obtained from supercritical water boiler exhaust heat.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of supercritical water and heat supply system.    Boiler (5)    Reactor (11)    Separator (13)    Calcium oxide regenerator (14)    Solid fuel (21)    Supercritical water (22)    Calcium oxide (23)    Hydrogen-methane (25)    Calcium carbonate (27)    Hot air (28)    Heat exchanger (42)
NOVELTY - Organic waste which consists of flammable refuse and/or garbage component is subjected to non-catalytic wet oxidation treatment followed by formic acid conversion type methane fermentation of processed material.    USE - For methane fermentation processing of organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Processing time of organic waste is shortened. Heat generated during wet oxidation treatment is effectively used for water heating, air conditioning heat source, etc. Incineration of flammable refuse is avoided, hence generation of dioxine is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the processing apparatus equipped with non-catalytic wet oxidation treatment apparatus and formic acid conversion type methane fermentation processing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Pseudomonas cepacia strain KO-30 (FERMP-17222), capable of decomposing trichloroethylene, is new.    USE - The microorganism is useful for decomposing organo chlorine compounds such as tri or dichloroethylene (claimed) contained in organic waste liquid, underground waste or contaminated soil.    ADVANTAGE - Organo chlorine compounds are decomposed efficiently.
NOVELTY - The method involves detecting pressure in the production container (1). The pressure of the container is maintained based on the quality of hydrate and detected pressure. The quality of hydrate is detected based on gas pressure and water is supplied to maintain pressure based on the produced hydrate quality.    USE - For preparing methane hydrate from natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates high speed production by appropriate detection of container pressure and hydrate quality. Ensures efficient and continuous collection of high concentration methane by stabilization of operation as gas pressure is detected for maintaining the hydrate quality. Enables correct adjustment of control valve by adjusting pressure depending upon pressure indicator signal. Ensures high speed hydrate formation by spraying water to gas in the container.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the hydrate manufacturing apparatus having flow control valve (16) in methane supply piping (52). Control valve is used for maintaining pressure in container based on the output signal of gas pressure indicator (23) determining hydrate quality. Water is sprayed from nozzle (9) into the container having discharge unit for collecting formed hydrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hydrate manufacturing apparatus.    Production container (1)    Nozzle (9)    Control valve (16)    Pressure indicator (23)    Methane supply piping (52)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide removal device has catalyst layer element comprising mutually spaced catalyst layers, provided with through-holes. A mixture of reformed gas containing carbon monoxide and gas containing oxygen, is supplied to the catalyst layer, contacted with the catalyst and subjected to oxidation. The through-hole of the catalyst layer arranged in the downstream side is small.    USE - For use in solid polymeric type fuel battery systems.    ADVANTAGE - The device efficiently removes carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas. An uniform temperature is maintained in the catalyst layer. Exothermic reaction accompanied by oxidation reaction is restrained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon monoxide removal device (3) has catalyst layer element comprising mutually spaced catalyst layers (11-13), each provided with through holes (25-26). A mixture of reformed gas (generated from modifier) containing carbon monoxide and gas containing oxygen, is supplied to catalyst layer, contacted with catalyst and subjected to oxidation. Through-hole of catalyst layer arranged in downstream side of catalyst element is small.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of carbon monoxide removal device.    Carbon monoxide removal device (3)    Catalyst layers (11-13)    Catalyst (15)    Through-holes (25,26)
NOVELTY - Electron donor is supplied to soil and/or underground water to decompose the organochlorine compound present in it by using a microorganism under anaerobic condition. The concentration of non-dissociation type organic acid present in soil and/or underground water is adjusted by adjusting the decomposition treatment conditions.    USE - For decomposing organochlorine compounds such as tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene.    ADVANTAGE - The reduction in treating efficiency of contaminated soil and/or underground water by accumulation of organic acid in soil and/or underground water is prevented. Thus, the organochlorine compound present in soil and/or underground water is decomposed efficiently.
NOVELTY - Raw water is dispersed from water tank and contacted with air phase which contains ozone generated by ozonizer. The raw water increases the concentration of ozone to favor processing of organic waste by oxidation reaction.    USE - For processing organic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Processing of organic solid waste is carried out effectively and easily in short period. The chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand are reduced by this treatment process. The process is environment friendly.
NOVELTY - Compost process which inhibits generation of ammonia involves decomposing a polymeric material contained in the compost raw material to form an organic acid.    USE - For degrading feces and urine.    ADVANTAGE - The process is economic and efficiently inhibits the generation of the odor of amines or ammonia. The process simultaneously deodorizes the compost.
NOVELTY - A vertical rotary shaft (21) has horizontal stirring blades (22) fixed at preset locations inside processing chamber (1). Hot air discharge pipe (35) with slits (36) is fixed to the lower side of stirring blade. the air pipe is connected to hollow path (21a) inside rotary shaft, which in turn is connected with hot air supply unit (3) via pipe line (33).    USE - The organic waste treatment equipment is used for processing vegetable wastes, food wastes agricultural waste, marine waste, industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The stirring blade mixes the organic wastes properly. The hot air sent through the slits, prevent the clogging in the waste matter. Also drying time is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially sectional perspective view of organic waste treatment equipment.    Processing chamber (1)    Hot air supply unit (3)    Vertical rotary shaft (21)    Hollow path (21a)    Stirring blade (22)    Pipe line (33)    Hot air discharge pipe (35)    Slits (36)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen purifying apparatus for removing carbon monoxide from a reformed gas comprises a supplying unit supplying the reformed gas into the reaction chamber, an oxidant gas supplying unit for mixing an oxidant gas with the reformed gas, a first catalyst layer through which a mixture of reformed gas and oxidant gas passes, and a second catalyst layer through which the mixed gas having passed through the first catalyst layer passes.    USE - A hydrogen purifying apparatus capable of stable removal of carbon monoxide from a reformed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The purified gas is used as a fuel for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is capable of reducing the CO concentration of a reformed gas to several ppm within a wider temperature range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of the configuration of a hydrogen purifying apparatus.    First catalyst layer (5)    Second catalyst layer (6)    Reaction chamber (reformed gas supplying unit(4)    Oxidant gas supplying unit (2)    Pump (3)    Gas outlet (7)
NOVELTY - The selective removal of carbon monoxide comprises using a catalyst bed capable of selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide, including several catalyst layers arranged in series and different from each other in the temperature of application, and arranged in order of the application temperature, such that the catalyst layer having the highest application temperature constitutes the upstream side of the catalyst bed.    USE - The method is useful in polymer electrolyte fuel cells which suppress generation of a pollutant causing an air pollution for use in a motor car power source.    ADVANTAGE - The method permits a high carbon monoxide removal rate over a wide temperature range in selectively removing CO from a gaseous mixture containing H2 and CO.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method of selectively removing carbon monoxide comprises:    (1) preparing a catalyst bed capable of selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide, and including several catalyst layers arranged in series and different from each other in the temperature of application, and arranged in order of the application temperature, such that the catalyst layer having the highest application temperature constitutes the upstream side of the catalyst bed; and    (2) introducing a gaseous mixture containing H2, CO and an oxidizing agent of O2 into the catalyst bed through the upstream side of the catalyst bed and supplying an additional oxidizing agent to the gaseous mixture when the gaseous mixture is introduced into the catalyst layer having a high application temperature so as to selectively oxidize and remove CO from the gaseous mixture.
NOVELTY - In the fuel reforming apparatus, he activity of the reforming catalyst is recovered by heating the catalyst in a reducing apparatus.    USE - A fuel reforming apparatus is provided, it can recover the activity of the reforming catalyst by heating the reforming catalyst in a reducing atmosphere.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus eliminates the need for replacing the poisoned reforming catalyst and makes it possible to recover with ease the decreased activity of the reforming catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel reforming apparatus comprises a reforming unit having a reforming catalyst in which a reforming reaction of a raw material containing hydrogen proceeds by adding water to the raw material and a heater for heating the reforming unit, the apparatus generating a hydrogen gas by heating the reforming unit and supplying the raw material and water to the heated reforming unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows one embodiment of a fuel reforming apparatus according to the invention.    Reforming unit (1)    Heating unit (2)    Raw material supply (3)    Reforming catalyst (1a)    Detecting unit (5)    .
NOVELTY - In the production of activated charcoal from vegetable material, especially reeds or straw and optionally added waste from the food or paper industry, by 2-stage low-temperature carbonization, first at 180-600degreesC and then at 400-800degreesC, giving a type of tar-free wood charcoal; and activation at 700-1200degreesC, the raw material or material from the first carbonization stage is ground finely, pressed and/or treated with enzyme(s).    USE - Activated charcoal is useful as adsorbent for removing undesirable or harmful colorants, flavors or odors from gases, vapors or liquids, e.g. chlorine and ozone from water; for removing toxic substances in industrial, military or civil gas protection; for decontamination of radioactive gases in nuclear technology; for absorption of petrol vapor in cars; for recovering valuable solvents in the plastics, lacquers, synthetic fiber, cellulose film, offset printing and metal industries; in chemical purification; and in medicine    ADVANTAGE - The process gives a higher yield than usual and the charcoal has a satisfactory large surface area. Use of the additional treatment stage(s) ensures a combination of an optimum yield and surface area, even from coarsely porous materials such as reeds or straw.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of activated charcoal from vegetable material, especially reeds or straw and optionally added waste from the food or paper industry, involves preparing the raw material; 2-stage low-temperature carbonization, first at 180-600, preferably 250-600, especially about 350degreesC and then at 400-800, preferably 500-800, especially about 750degreesC, giving a type of tar-free wood charcoal; and finally activation to activated charcoal at 700-1200degreesC. The novelty is that the raw material or material from the first carbonization stage is ground finely, pressed and/or treated with enzyme(s).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for activated charcoal produced in this way.
NOVELTY - Incineration of combustible material involves reactivating sorbent bed(s) with a reactivating agent capable of removing the pollutants from the absorbent beds, and passing the pollutant containing reactivating stream to the incinerator where the pollutants are decomposed by combustion.    USE - The method is used for incinerating municipal garbage and waste, refuse-derived fuels, coal and petroleum coke, and/or chlorinated hydrocarbons. Air, water, coal, and/or petroleum coke are used to produce electricity, urea, and methanol in a non-polluting manner.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides a non-polluting method for burning fuel derived from typical municipal garbage and waste, eliminating or reducing the need for the landfill disposal of such waste materials. It achieves zero emission of such pollutants as dioxins, and also zero emission of NOx, and greatly reduced emission of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Incineration of combustible material which is capable of producing waste stream containing pollutants involves incinerating the combustible waste material in an incinerator to produce a slag and a gaseous effluent product containing the pollutants, and collecting the slag. The gaseous effluent is passed through a heat exchanger to reduce its temperature by at least 200 degreesC, and then to a sorption zone. The sorption zone comprises bed(s) of sorbent capable of sorbing at least a portion of the pollutants from the gaseous effluent. The gaseous effluent containing reduced levels of pollutants is collected or vented. The sorbent beds are reactivated with a reactivating reagent capable of removing pollutants from the adsorbent beds resulting in a reactivating reagent stream containing the pollutants. The pollutant containing reactivating stream is passed to the incinerator where the pollutants are decomposed by combustion.
NOVELTY - An integrated tunable arc plasma-joule heated melter unit (10) is used with a molten oxide pool (40) which has predetermined electrical and glass forming properties. The melter unit has an inlet (14a) for primary waste and another inlet for melt modifier. Arc plasma electrodes (24a,24b) are provided with joule electrodes (50a,50b) on top of or within the pool.    USE - For waste conversion and solid waste processing. The gas produced during the process is used for combustion in gas turbines and/or internal combustion engines.    ADVANTAGE - The arc plasma-joule heated melter unit is independently controllable. The process ensures reduced air pollution and the processed waste is easily disposable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of processing waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a melter unit.    Melter unit (10)    Inlet (14a)    Arc plasma electrodes (24a,24b)    Molten oxide pool (40)    Joule electrodes (50a,50b)
NOVELTY - Transformation of aromatic organic compounds and/or resource materials containing aromatic compounds comprises: (a) contacting a material having at least one aromatic or heterocyclic aromatic ring (1) with a microorganism or biocatalyst in an aqueous medium to add a hydroxyl group to (1); and (b) transforming the hydroxylated (1) in an aqueous medium to cause hydrogenation and/or hydrogenolysis.    USE - For chemical processing and/or upgrading the aromatic organic compounds and resource materials such as single and/or multi-ring aromatic compounds, alkyl aromatic compounds and their heteroatom containing analog, crude oil, petroleum, petrochemical streams, coals, shales, cool liquids, shale oils, heavy oils and bitumen into more useful products.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the aqueous nature of the subsequent hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis steps, separation of water from the fuel is not necessary. Due to prior hydrogenation of the aromatic compounds, the compounds are easily activated for subsequent hydrogenolysis or hydrogenation.
NOVELTY - Proposed disintegrator has cylindrical housing with inlet and outlet branch pipes, cylindrical rotor mounted along axis of housing and provided with blind holes interacting with holes of housing through liquid ring; holes of housing are made in perforated rings mounted concentrically. Cavity between last perforated ring and housing is communicated with deuterium and protium water molecule associate receiver which is connected with next stages of disintegrator. Last-stage receiver of disintegrator is connected with intake chamber of electrolysis plant having cathode and anode sections which are communicated with oxygen and deuterium receivers, respectively. Inlet branch pipe of first stage of disintegrator is communicated with centrifugal microfilter and biofilter. Intake section of biofilter is connected with methane, alkaline, neutral and acid fermentation chambers of bioreactor. Methane fermentation chamber is connected with gas receiver and with gas turbine of DC g enerator drive through this receiver.    USE - Disintegration of deuterium and protium water molecules; treatment of sewage accompanied by forming biofertilizers, protein-and-vitamin additives for livestock fodder, biogas and duterium for thermonuclear reactors.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced operational efficiency at utilization of effluents. 2 dwg
NOVELTY - Thermolysis and separation chambers (15,16) are arranged in parallel. The emission side of the thermolysis chamber is connected to the inlet side of a separation chamber, such that plastic waste after heating to a preset thermolysis temperature is supplied to the separation chamber. In the separation chamber, the heated waste is separated into hydrocarbon solid (8) and gaseous degradation product (9).    USE - For processing plastic waste or old tires to produce vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polystyrene and other chemical products.    ADVANTAGE - Since the thermolysis process enables the recovery of harmful gases generated during burning of plastic waste, environmental pollution is reduced. Since thermolysis and separation chambers are arranged in piles, the waste from thermolysis chamber is directed to the separation chamber without the need for a conveyor, hence apparatus size is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the thermolysis apparatus.    Hydrocarbon solid (8)    Gaseous degradation product (9)    Thermolysis chamber (15)    Separation chamber (16)
NOVELTY - Biological purification of a contaminated environment comprises intermittently injecting a microbe with contamination-purifying activity, into the contaminated environment.    USE - The method can be used for efficiently purifying contaminated environments.
NOVELTY - Treatment tank carries the stirring mixture of an organic refuse and microorganism medium. A deodorant tank (1) for deodorizing the exhaust ejected from the treatment tank (2), is arranged in parallel to the treatment tank.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus for processing waste materials of foodstuffs such as meat, fish, vegetable, etc using microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - Efficiently deodorizes the odor generated during the process and enables stirring horizontally. Simplifies repair and maintenance, since deodorant tank and treatment tank are arranged parallel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram showing the entire exterior of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Deodorant tank (1)    Treatment tank (2)
NOVELTY - A de-icing agent comprises blackened buckwheat husk fermentation compost and absorbs solar heat and light, and by reproducing heat it dissolves ice quickly.    USE - The de-icing agent is useful as an organic fertilizer and soil conditioner.    ADVANTAGE - The buckwheat husk fermentation compost is easily dispersed and the solar reproduction heat can be used to dissolve ice instantly. The de-icing agent is mixed with soil, and organic degradation occurs quickly, the agent can also be utilized as a soil conditioner.
NOVELTY - A microbe (I) belonging to the Pseudomonas genus which is capable of producing menthanol from organic substances, is new.    USE - The microorganism is useful for producing menthanol (dihydro-alpha-terpineol), deodorizing bad smells and generating organic substances by applying the microorganism to the organic substance (claimed) such as sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Menthanol is produced cheaply by the microorganism.
NOVELTY - A supply line (8) for methane content gas is provided at upper portion of a cylinder container (1) installed with a cooling unit. Water or antifreeze is fed to dispersion unit (12) provided at top portion of container. Methane and water react at reaction portion (1A) formed in container, above exhaust outlet (7). A raking unit (14) installed at exhaust outlet ejects out the produced methane hydrate.    USE - For continuous production of methane hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - Performs mass production for industrial use continuously due to continuous reaction between methane and water in reaction portion of the container.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The exhaust outlet through which methane hydrate is ejected out, is formed at the side bottom portion of the container. Water or antifreeze is collected at the bottom portion of the container. Methane hydrate floats on surface of water or the antifreeze is collected at the bottom portion of container. The water or the antifreeze from the bottom of the container is pumped back to the container through a circulating pump (10) and circulating piping (5). The cooling unit is provided to a portion of the circulating piping which forms the reaction portion. The methane gas fed through the supply line is made to contact the reaction portion and methane of the gas is made to react with water and fine crystal of methane hydrate is made to intermingle in the dispersion unit. A portion of gas is sucked out and compressed by compressor and is supplied to the supply piping. A raking unit (14) is of propeller type.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of the continuous manufacturing device.    Cylinder container (1)    Reaction portion (1A)    Circulating piping (5)    Exhaust outlet (7)    Supply line (10) Circulating pump (8)    Dispersion unit (12)    Raking unit (14)
NOVELTY - The surface area of upper and lower portions (11c) of catalyst layer (11) is set larger than the surface area of other sides (11d), so that the catalyst reaction area with gas supplied towards the internal circumferential side of the reactor is increased.    USE - E.g. carbon monoxide selective oxidation reactor for use by fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE - Since surface area of the upper and lower portions of the catalyst layer is set larger, active reaction takes place with the uniform temperature distribution in the catalyst layer and increase in reaction efficiency is also achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical sectional view of carbon monoxide selective oxidation reactor.    Catalyst layer (11)    Upper and lower portions (11c)    Sides (11d)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of highly pure L-lactic acid (LLA) involves adding lactic acid bacteria into organic waste in an open system, without carrying out wet sterilization. LLA bacteria is added at a larger concentration ratio to the indigenous microbe contained in the waste material.    USE - For manufacturing lactic acid.    ADVANTAGE - Highly pure lactic acid is obtained at high yield without carrying out wet sterilization, economically. Lactic acid e.g. poly lactic acid, so produced fulfills the large demand created in the production of biodegradable plastic.
NOVELTY - A methane fermentation apparatus of shellfish has a bioreaction tank for processing residual shellfish meat solution and paste from a high pressure classification machine, washing unit for washing ground shellfish shell. The classification machine has interval and pressure application unit for pasting in a row in the pressurized room for grinding.    USE - For decomposing shellfish shell useful for nuclear power station, thermal power station and chemical plant as waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus decomposes the shellfish by methane fermentation after separating shell and meat. The shell is collected as calcium carbonate. The process can be done at low cost without any heat treatment. Carbon dioxide is not increased and there is no production of dioxines. The shellfish meat is completely separated from the shell and the shell is used as a soil improvement material and cement extender. The apparatus is small in size with high efficiency. The methane produced as a byproduct can be used as fuel.
NOVELTY - New treatment of waste products comprising isolation of 4 product categories including compost material, light non-biodegradable and combustible products and ultimate heavy inert waste materials by 3 main stages: (1) a primary mechanical separation; (2) a second bioseparation; and (3) a final mechanical separation.    USE - The method is useful for the treatment of domestic and industrial wastes to recover valorizable products.    ADVANTAGE - The process provides a more satisfactory alternative to conventional methods of waste disposal, i.e. incineration or land-fill disposal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the combustible solid obtained and the installation for effecting the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 illustrates the process    waste to be treated; (1)    rotary separator; (2)    material of less than 200 mm size; (3)    material greater than 200 mm; (4)    pressurized and climatized area, at which material directly recyclable (including toxic compounds) are removed; (5,6)    milling of large particles; (7)    bacterial fermentation of biodegradable materials to remove pathogenic germs; (9)    biological treatment by worm digestion; (10)    non-biodegradable and inert material(plastic, glass, metals) recovered from the top of 10; (11)    fine organic material odorless and stable usable as a fertilizer(10 - 30% of the original waste 1; (12)    separation of the material into three classes of products ,15 - 17 of decreasing particle size; (13, 14)    worm compost, commercialized as a nitrogenous manure; (191)    compost containing ligneous constituents, use for improvement of soil structure; (192)    light non-biodegradable and combustible products; (20)    heavy inert material, as remaining ultimate waste. (18)
NOVELTY - The automobile (1) has an i.c. engine (2) for providing the propulsion drive and a fuel cell system (5) with an electrically-heated autothermic reformation reactor (6), followed by a shift-reactor (10), for providing the electrical energy for the automobile electrical auxiliaries. During the cold-starting phase a controlled valve (12) at the output of the shift-reactor supplies the provided gas to the engine for reducing the exhaust emission levels, the valve closed when the required operating temperature is reached, for supplying the gas to the fuel cell (15), the anode gas combined with the fuel fed to the engine..    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The automobile engine exhaust emission levels during cold-starting and normal running are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a principle diagram of an automobile with an i.c. engine and a fuel cell system.    Automobile (1)    I.c. engine (2)    Fuel cell system (5)    Electrically-heated autothermic reformation reactor (6)    Shift-reactor (10)    Valve (12)    Fuel cell (15)
NOVELTY - Device for reducing odorous emissions from a casting installation has a container (7) for bio catalysts and/or enzymes, and an active region (6) in which the bio catalysts and/or the enzymes interact with the substances causing the odorous emissions.    USE - For reducing odorous emissions from a casting installation.    ADVANTAGE - Odorous emissions can be effectively reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for reducing odorous emissions from a casting installation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device.    suction device (3)    waste gas stream (4)    molding machine (5)    active region (6)    container (7)    casting path (19)
NOVELTY - A stacked molten carbonate fuel cell structure, comprising insulating ceramic seals (5a-d) with gold-coated areas facing external gas supply lines (3, 4), is new.    USE - As a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) structure.    ADVANTAGE - The seals have a very high electrical resistance, are chemically inert with respect to the fuel gas, the cathode gas and the electrolyte, are mechanically stable under compressive load and thus reliably prevent electrolyte migration between the fuel cell stacks and the external lines (or manifolds).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell structure comprises electrically insulating seals (5a-d) between stacked molten carbonate fuel cells (2) and external lines (3, 4) for fuel gas and cathode gas supply, the seals consisting of a ceramic material which is resistant to molten metal carbonate and which has polished surfaces with mutually isolated gold-coated areas facing the external lines (3, 4). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a seal for the above fuel cell structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a fuel cell structure according to the invention.    Housing (1)    Fuel cell stack (2)    Stack outer faces (2a, 2b)    External gas supply lines (3, 4)    Seals (5a-d)
NOVELTY - An additive for straw-type feed is prepared from calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, ammonia hydrogen carbonate, activated carbon, etc. through mixing them with water and anaerobic fermentation, and serves to save grains.
NOVELTY - Manufacture of town gas comprises using dimethyl ether as a raw material, vaporizing it, and modifying by contact with a catalyst in the presence of steam to generate a gas containing methane as a main component.    USE - Used for the production of a town gas whose main component is methane.    ADVANTAGE - The process requires no desulphurization units due to its use of a raw material containing no sulfur, exhibits high transpiration efficiency compared to a process using methanol as a raw material and does not require excess energy upon evaporation. The method is suitable for small-to-medium scale commercialization.
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon present in soil is dispersed in a composition comprising an ethoxylated 16-18C tert. amine having 2-10 ethoxy groups per molecule, a 6-12C aliphatic carboxylic acid, a 7-12C aliphatic alcohol mixture, 4C or lower alcohols and water. The dispersed hydrocarbon is degraded by the action of bacteria present in the soil. The toxicity level of the hydrocarbon is thereby reduced.    USE - Degrading (i) hydrocarbon fuel present in natural soil and (ii) hydrocarbon spills present in sewage.    ADVANTAGE - The compositions are effective in emulsifying organic fuels such as gasoline, diesel and kerosene. The fuel material treated with the composition is non-flammable.. The surfactants are non-toxic to aquatic creatures, plants and animals. The compositions are biodegradable, non-toxic and compatible with foam-forming materials. Adsorbed hydrocarbon present in the soil is freed using the composition, thereby facilitating the degradation of the hydrocarbon by means of bacteria.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Bacteria and hydrocarbon fuel present in natural soil are treated with a concentrate comprising:    (a) 4-40 parts (pts) of ethoxylated 16-18C tert. amine having 2-10 ethoxy groups per molecule,    (b) 1-15 pts of a 6-12C aliphatic carboxylic acid,    (c) 1-6 pts of a 7-12C aliphatic alcohol mixture,    (d) 0-10 pts of 4C or lower alcohols and    (e) water to balance.    The concentrate is dispersed in 10-200 pts of water, and the composition is used to disperse the hydrocarbon fuel. The dispersed hydrocarbon is degraded by action of bacteria present in the soil. The toxicity level of the hydrocarbon is thereby reduced.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for dispersing and degrading spilled petroleum hydrocarbon present in sewage, using a similar composition dispersed in amount 0.5-10 pts per 100 of water.
NOVELTY - Installation is intended for cleaning of gaseous media. It may also be used for processing of agricultural products. Installation has bioabsorber, pump, collector of cultural liquid, and salt solution collector. Flow transducer and temperature-sensitive element of cleaned gases are positioned at bioabsorber input. Instrument designed to check content of admixtures in gases to be cleaned is mounted at bioabsorber output. Cultural liquid collector includes pH detector, temperature- sensitive element and cultural liquid level gage. It also contains heat exchanger. Bioabsorber, pump and cultural liquid collector are connected into closed circuit by pipelines.    USE - Microbiological, paint-and-varnish, chemical, food, and oil-refining branches of industry.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced efficiency.
NOVELTY - Disintegrator-disperser includes cylindrical housing with suction and discharge branch pipes, rotor mounted along axis of housing and provided with alternating longitudinal projections and recesses engageable with projections and recesses of housing through circular clearance and shutoff device. Discharge branch pipe of housing is communicated with bell-mouth of volute where cone is mounted on helical struts concentrically relative to walls of bell-mouth. Narrowed flat part of volute is provided with lateral perpendicular to it. Flat spiral is located in inner cavity of lateral. Lateral is brought into communication with lower portion of acid, acid regression, alkaline and methane fermentation chambers formed by partitions of housing of methane fermentation apparatus; suction branch pipe is communicated with lower portions of chambers of methane fermentation apparatus housing.    USE - Farming; heaters and pumps for methane fermentation apparatus of poultry plants for generation of biogas.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced operational efficiency of disintegrator- disperser due to increased degree of heating the medium.
NOVELTY - A disintegrator heat generator, is new.    USE - The heat generator is useful for moving, heating and grinding substrates and the generation of biogas and protein-and-vitamin additives for fodder by anaerobic processing of pig manure.    ADVANTAGE - The heat generator has enhanced operational efficiency due to the increased degree of heating substrates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A disintegrator heat generator comprising:    (1) cylindrical housing with suction and discharge branch pipes in communication with a taper bell-mouth of volute with perforated cone arranged in its inner cavity;    (2) a rotor located along the axis of the housing, which has alternating projections and recesses engageable with projections and recesses of housing through a circular passage;    (3) a narrowed portion of flat volute that is in communication with a lateral mounted perpendicularly relative to its plane;    (4) a flat spiral mounted inside the inner cavity of the lateral, which is in communication with acid (regression), alkaline and methane fermentation chambers;    (5) a suction branch pipe is in communication with the upper parts of the methane fermentation chambers; and    (6) a circular passage allows interaction between the upper and lower parts of the chambers and the projections of the rotor and housing, where the distance between the projections of the rotor exceeds that between the projections of the housing.
(KR2000020952-A)   NOVELTY - Nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater are simultaneously removed by incubating a mixture of organic waste material and anaerobic sludge at 30-40 degrees Centigrade for 2-4 days to enable the organic waste material to be fermented by the sludge. The fermented mixture is centrifuged to obtain a fermentation broth, which is added to a sequencing batch reactor containing wastewater.    USE - The method is useful for simultaneously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The method removes more than 95% nitrogen in the influent wastewater and keeps the phosphorus concentration below 1 ppm regardless of the concentration of organic materials in the influent wastewater. The invention requires no extra pretreatment steps or chemicals which are essential to remove residual ammonia nitrogen and lowers the overall cost for wastewater treatment due to the usage of organic waste materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Simultaneously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater comprises mixing organic waste material and anaerobic sludge and incubating the mixture at 30-40 degrees Centigrade for 2-4 days to enable the organic waste material to be fermented by the sludge. The fermented mixture is centrifuged to remove settled material and to obtain a fermentation broth. The fermentation broth is added to a sequencing batch reactor containing wastewater with alternating anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic cycles under separate anaerobic and anoxic conditions.
NOVELTY - A compressor controller (4) drives a compressor (5) at a velocity which emits an antiphase beat that reduces the beat of a drive motor (1). The compressor supplies air to the fuel cell. The drive motor uses the fuel cell as an electric power unit.    USE - For fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the beat sound of the drive motor of a fuel cell vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the drive beat sound reduction apparatus.    Drive motor (1)    Compressor controller (4)    Compressor (5)
NOVELTY - A supplement evaporator (6) stores a mixture of water and fuel in the state of heat pressure application. When an increase in the amount of gas production is required, an adjuster (22), temperature controller (23), pressure controller (24), controlling valve (25), thermometer (27) and pump (28) make an evaporator (3) supply supplementary fuel vapor by reducing heat pressure on the mixture of water and fuel.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need to provide secondary battery when fuel reformer is used as fuel cell system. Enables heating medium to be recycled with supplement evaporator, thereby improving thermal efficiency. Supplies fixed amount of mixture of water and fuel to supplement evaporator even if temperature inside supplement evaporator changes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Water and fuel evaporate in an evaporator (3) to form heating gas which is turned by a modifier (4) to reformed gas that contains hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the block diagram of the fuel reformer for fuel cells.    Evaporator (3)    Supplement evaporator (6)    Adjuster (22)    Temperature controller (23)    Pressure controller (24)    Controlling valve (25)    Thermometer (27)    Pump (28)
NOVELTY - The fuel gas pressure of the outlet of a fuel gas generating unit is higher than the working pressure of a fuel cell (9).    USE - For hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Fills snubber with fuel of a quantity that depends on load quantity. Eliminates need for blower used for filling snubber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel gas of a compound containing carbon and hydrogen is converted to heating gas containing hydrogen by the fuel gas generating unit within a modification reaction device (4). A snubber (8) stores the heating gas. The fuel cell generates electricity using the heating gas and supplies the electricity to a load (52) through an inverter (51).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Modification reaction device (4)    Snubber (8)    Fuel cell (9)    Inverter (51)    Load (52)
NOVELTY - A terminal (30A) of an oxidizing agent gas flow groove (30) is used as the intake for oxidizing agent gas, and opens in the inclined manner toward the outer circumferential surface of a separator (31).    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Enables flow rate of oxidizing agent gas to be increased, thereby enabling electrochemical reaction to be accelerated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separator has a fuel gas flow groove that circulates heating gas equally along one surface, and the oxidizing agent gas flow groove that circulates oxidizing agent equally along another surface (29). A laminate is alternately layered with an electrolyte board that intervenes with the circulation of the heating gas in the fuel gas flow groove to cause a chemical reaction. Oxidizing agent around the laminate is guided to the oxidizing agent gas flow groove.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a separator of the flat plate type fuel cell.    Surface (29)    Oxidizing agent gas flow groove (30)    Terminal (30A)    Separator (31)
NOVELTY - A stirrer (10) provided with stirring blades (24) around a shaft (23) is rotated by a drive unit (25) within a cylindrical-shaped drum (4), to stir the waste material fed into the drum through an inlet (2). The hot air is supplied into the drum through a hot air feeder (8). Multiple fins (29) are integrally provided on the shaft, and swirling of air takes place during rotation of the shaft.    USE - For production of refuse solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Due to air current generated by rotation of the shaft inside the drum through fins, the long articles mixed with refuse are thrown away from the periphery of the shaft and free rotation of the shaft is achieved to ensure complete drying. The diameter of the fin is kept as large as twice the diameter of the shaft, hence the elongated waste is blown away from the shaft effectively to ensure proper drying of refuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An exhaust outlet (9) is provided perpendicular to the drum, through which exhaust gas is ejected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the refuse drier.    Inlet (2)    Cylindrical-shaped drum (4)    Hot air feeder (8)    Exhaust outlet (9)    Stirrer (10)    Shaft (23)    Stirring blade (24)    Drive unit (25)    Fin (29)
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises heating furnaces which surround respective screw feeders (3,21,41,61). Each serially connected furnace (22,44,64) has a volatile gas circulator which includes a heat exchanger, blower, inert gas closed system and hot air generator. The screw feeders connected serially are attached to the bottom of an injection hopper (2).    USE - For waste plastics.    ADVANTAGE - Since each furnace is serially connected, stopping of the circulator is performed quickly. Provision of a gas-liquid stage separator enhances separation sensitivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cooler surrounds rear screw feeders. The furnaces are serially connected. The gas liquid stage separators (82,85) which separate heavy oil components have a vacuum pump for drawing out gas. The gas is cooled in the gas liquid separator. The screw feeder is connected with chlorine gas treatment equipment. The range of heating furnaces are 350-400degreesC and 450-500degreesC.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the distillation apparatus.    Injection hopper (2)    Screw feeders (3,21,41,61)    Furnaces (22,44,64)
NOVELTY - A baffle plate (52) arranged in the fluid flow path (51) deforms to reduce or enlarge the cross-section of flow path, depending on the temperature of mixed gas (54) flowing through the path.    USE - For use with electrochemical devices such as dehumidifier, air cleaner, fuel battery, hydrogen gas concentration sensor, electrolytic cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since inexpensive baffle plate is used, fluid flow is controlled inexpensively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of flow path with baffle plate.    Fluid flow path (51)    Baffle plate (52)    Mixed gas (54)
NOVELTY - Organic waste supplied to a drying rack (2) via a self-propelled hopper (4) is dried in the presence of hot air. Semi-dried waste collected in a bucket (5) is supplied back to the hopper for repetitive drying.    USE - Used in disposing of waste food.    ADVANTAGE - Repeated drying reduces drying time. Stirring is not necessary, avoiding problems associated with handling a large mass of organic refuse. Dried waste can be efficiently used as combustion adjuvant and incineration fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) an organic refuse drying method; and    (b) dried organic refuse fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of a drying apparatus.    Drying rack (2)    Self propelled hopper (4)    Bucket (5)
NOVELTY - Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is heated in the presence of an iron-containing catalyst and oxidized in a non-aqueous organic solvent, to obtain terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol.    USE - For recycling PET bottles.    ADVANTAGE - Recycling of PET bottles and recovery of pure terephthalic acid, are performed efficiently.
NOVELTY - Water is added to organic waste and the slurry formed is supplied to a methane fermentation tank for processing the waste by fermentation with a methane microbe in the form of a granule.    USE - For processing organic waste, e.g. garbage, common refuse, and sludge by fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - A reduction of space by high load process and installation cost can be attained. Accumulation of fermentation inhibition organic acid within a fermentation tank is solvable.
NOVELTY - Fuel is reformed and passed through a carbon monoxide remover to form a hydrogen-rich gas. When the capacity to produce reformed gas for a fuel battery system is judged, a reference maximum output of the fuel reforming system is taken as the system criteria maximum reforming capacity. Two or more series and parallel reformers of smaller capacity (than the criteria maximum capacity) are arranged in the fuel reforming system.    USE - For power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The solid polymeric-type fuel battery system enables large load tracking for a comparatively big load fluctuation, in a short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel, e.g. hydrocarbon or alcohol, is steam reformed in a modifier (3) and passed through a carbon monoxide transformer (4) and carbon monoxide remover (5) to form a hydrogen rich gas. The reformed gas is passed to a solid polymeric fuel battery (1) for power generation. When the reforming capability to produce reformed gas required by a solid polymeric type fuel battery system (100) is judged, a reference standard maximum output of a fuel reformer system (200) is taken as system criteria maximum reforming capability. Two or more series or parallel reformers of smaller capacity (to the system criteria maximum reforming capacity for the solid polymeric fuel battery), are arranged in the fuel reforming system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solid polymeric fuel battery system.    Solid polymeric type fuel battery (1)    Desulfurizer (2)    Modifier (3)    CO transformer (4)    CO removal device (5)    Fuel reforming system controller (6)    Solid polymeric type fuel battery system (100)    Fuel reformer system (200)
NOVELTY - A method for obtaining a biogas from sugar beet remains, such that a high energy utilization of biomass is achieved    USE - Methane is produced as biogas, which can be used for direct burning in water heating appliances or used along with other fuels for electricity and hot water production    ADVANTAGE - A high energy utilization of biomass is achieved in a continuous or discontinuous multistage mode    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Biogas is produced from sugar beet remains (especially beet sugar production), by (a) mixing the remains with water to form a substrate with true dry matter 1-10vol% using a postponing period of 1-6 days, (b) hydrolyzing at 15-50degreesC with simultaneous acidification at pH 4.0-6.0, then (c) methanizing bacteria to release biogas. The process is in a continuous or discontinuous multistage mode.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for carrying a device for carrying out the process comprises a hydrolysis-acidification tank that has a dosing throat in an upper part with discharge piping in a lower part, which is preceded by a preliminary tank provided with a water inlet pipe and substrate outlet pipe, and comprising a filling hole in its upper part.
NOVELTY - A porous product comprising multilayers of fibers formed into a three-dimensional network of metal fibers, is coated by contact with a coating bath consisting of multiple particles dispersed in a liquid. The coating bath has a kinematic viscosity of no greater than 175 centistokes and a surface tension no greater than 300 dynes/cm.    USE - For the manufacture of catalyst used for hydrogenation, oxidation, dehydrogenation, catalytic or steam reforming, alkylation, hydrotreating, condensation, hydrocracking, etherification, isomerization, selective catalytic reduction, catalytic removal of volatile organic compounds, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The use of a catalyst coated packing in a reactor, in particular a fixed bed reactor, provides low by-product formation (improved selectivity), higher volumetric activity per unit of reactor volume, enhanced catalyst life, minimization or elimination of back-mixing, lower pressure drop, improved mixing of reactants and/or products as liquids and/or gases, higher geometric surface area to volume ratio of the catalyst, improved mass and heat transfer, etc.
NOVELTY - The oxygenated hydrocarbon fuel gas auto-thermal reformer comprises a monolithic open cell foam core catalyst bed, a fuel gas inlet passage, an air inlet passage and a fuel gas reforming catalyst in the foam core catalyst    USE - Fuel-steam reformer assembly, for use in fuel cell power plants, particularly in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst bed is compact and lightweight, such that it can be used in vehicular applications. The assembly can be rapidly brought up to operating temperatures through the use of electricity provided by an automotive battery. The assembly has a lower fuel ignition temperature to allow rapid start up.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The oxygenated hydrocarbon fuel gas auto-thermal reformer comprises:    (a) a monolithic open cell foam core catalyst bed (2) with an inlet end and outlet end, and an inlet portion of the bed having a catalyst which combusts a portion of the fuel gas to raise the temperature of the bed while minimizing carbon deposition in the catalyzed cells of the foam core;    (b) a fuel gas inlet passage in heat exchange relationship with an outlet processed fuel gas passage from the catalyst bed whereby heat will be transferred to the fuel gas inlet passage from the processed gas stream;    (c) an air inlet passage, in heat exchange relationship with processed gas stream whereby heat from the processed gas stream will be transferred to the air inlet passage; and    (d) a fuel gas reforming catalyst deposited in the foam core catalyst.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) a methanol fuel gas reformer;    (B) a methanol fuel gas auto-thermal reformer;    (C) a further an oxygenated hydrocarbon fuel gas auto-thermal reformer; and    (D) a methanol fuel gas auto-thermal reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an axial cross-sectional view of the auto-thermal reformer assembly.    Foam core catalyst bed (2)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system comprises a source of a fuel and water emulsion, a fuel reformer for receiving the emulsion and producing a product including hydrogen gas, and a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell connected to the reformer and able to receive hydrogen from the reformer.    USE - Fuel cell for vehicle usage where on-board storage of water presents a problem.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system is simplified, does not require on-board water storage (which has freezing problems), and can be accomplished at a lower cost, space, and weight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for operating a fuel cell system including a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell system.
(KR2000019657-A)   NOVELTY - A heat exchanger (20) heats the heat transfer medium by high temperature combustion gas produced in burner furnace (10). The gas purifier (30) that purifies combustion gas from heat exchanger, has water sprayer (35) to dissolve sulfurous acid gas contained in combustion gas. A neutralizing material (60) precipitates sulfurous acid gas dissolved in water into alkali salts. A circulator (P2) circulates neutralized water to the sprayer.    USE - For heating small scale facility such as vinyl plastic hothouse using scrapped tire.    ADVANTAGE - Shortens ash processing period, as injection amount of cool air is increased when light oil is injected. Enhances thermal efficiency of boiler and reduces amount of light oil needed for ash processing, as warm is returned to combustion chamber. Enhances polluted removal capability, as structure of charging units is optimized and height of gas tower is increased to lengthen contact time of water. Facilitates use of cheap fuel source by using scrapped tires and minimizes size of gas tower by using charging units of appropriate shape. Enables application of byproduct and solves environmental problem, as fine carbon powder is used in production of color.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The water sprayer is at upper side of the gas tower (31) and circulator is between outlets of processing tank (33). A delay mechanism comprising charging units, is provided to increase contact time between combustion gas and sprayed water for removing sulfurous acid gas and carbon dust. The neutralizer material comprises limestone charging layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section of scrapped tire fired boiler system.    Burner furnace (10)    Heat exchanger (20)    Gas purifier (30)    Water sprayer (35)    Neutralizing material (60)    Circulator (P2)
NOVELTY - The method involves gasifying an organic waste in a gasification furnace, by introducing high temperature water vapor of more than 600degreesC into the furnace, as gasification promoter.    USE - For processing waste material such as organic waste and sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The waste material processing method is eco-friendly, since toxic substance such as dioxin (precursors) is decomposed. Formation of tar and re-synthesis of dioxin, are effectively prevented. The combustion of waste material is improved and the condensation of carbon is prevented.
NOVELTY - Manufacture of fuel involves circulating waste material containing combustibles by hot gas flow in a drying chamber (2) interior using an air current-type drying device with a drying chamber and subjecting the waste material to size reduction.    USE - For manufacturing fuel using waste materials such as city refuse as raw material.    ADVANTAGE - Since moisture content and size of waste material are reduced, the fuel has good ignition efficiency. The manufacture of fuel is inexpensive. Handling property is improved. Generation of dioxins during combustion is inhibited. Contacting efficiency of waste material and air is increased. The drying efficiency of waste material is increased. Waste material can be easily and efficiently made into small particles, and specific surface area can be enlarged. Heating value of fuel is increased by adding tar to the size reduced waste material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the air current-type drying device for the manufacture of fuel.    Drying chamber (2)
NOVELTY - Char is collected from a thermolysis residue which is formed by crushing. Waste material is then themolyzed and char is solidified to the required shape, transferred and allowing to burn as fuel with another installation.    USE - As a fuel for power stations, cement works and iron manufacturing installations.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel from waste material has favorable handling property. The generation of odor or putrefaction of waste material during fuel formation is prevented. The fuel formation requires low energy and is economical. The valuable metal and glass contained in the waste material are recovered.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen rich reformed gas and air which are supplied to fuel battery (1) used for electricity generation, react to generate electricity. Reformed gas and air are supplied to fuel battery (2) used for purge gas production, where hydrogen in reformed gas reacts with oxygen, and purge gas rich in nitrogen is obtained.    USE - For use during shutdown to fill piping with inactive purge gas.    ADVANTAGE - Need for built-in purge gas cylinder is avoided, hence management of system becomes easier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of example of fuel battery based electricity generation system.    Fuel batteries (1,2)
NOVELTY - The heat generator comprises a combustion chamber into which particles of waste products are injected with a hot combustion supporting gas, and two other injector tubes surrounding the primary injector to form a burner.    USE - The process enables the valorization of the calorific potential of waste materials which cannot be recycled or submitted to a biological process, e.g. household, industrial and commercial waste products.    ADVANTAGE - The combustion to produce molten ash limits the presence of fly ash to 10-20% of the total ash, thus limiting the size of installations for the separation and retention of dusts. Undesirable products, including benzene and chlorine compounds, are removed to limit the production of toxic compounds such as HCl, dioxins and furans.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) an installation for the production of electrical energy including the above heat generator; and    (ii) a process for generating heat.
NOVELTY - Apparatus for aerobic and/or anaerobic fermentation of liquid effluents containing organic matter, comprising a fermenter, a centrifuge and a membrane separator, is new.    USE - The apparatus is used as a biogas generator.    ADVANTAGE - The centrifuge and membrane separator provide a controlled recycle of organic solids and bacteria, respectively, decoupling the residence time of these from the residence time of water in the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fermentation apparatus.    Fermenter (1)    Centrifuge (3)    Membrane separator (4)    Biogas tank (5)    Biological filter (6)    First compartment (11)    Second compartment (12)    Third compartment. (13).
NOVELTY - Method for sorting and separating a mixture of plastics for recycling comprises first sorting them by color. The separate fractions are then sorted according to the type of plastic they contain.    USE - For treating household and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - Recycled products of controllable color can be produced. No pre-sorting of plastics by householders is required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a recycling plant consisting of : (a) devices for separating plastics from non-plastics; and (b) a system for sorting the plastics obtained by color and transporting the two different fractions produced.
NOVELTY - A deoxidizing device having a redox catalyst to remove oxygen from the hydrocarbons is connected to the reforming device.    USE - As a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Oxygen can be reliably removed from the hydrocarbons in each operating state of the system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell system comprises one or more fuel cells, and an anode inlet for feeding the fuel gas to the anodes of the fuel cells, a cathode inlet for feeding cathode gas to the cathodes of the fuel cells, and a reforming device with a catalyst for reforming one or more gaseous hydrocarbons to fuel gas. A deoxidizing device having a redox catalyst to remove oxygen from the hydrocarbons is connected to the reforming device.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for operating a fuel cell system comprising removing oxygen contained in the gaseous hydrocarbons using a redox catalyst before reforming.
NOVELTY - An oxidization process for removing hydrogen sulfide from marsh gas comprises introducing a specified proportion of oxygen (or air) is introduced into marsh gas generating pit to oxidize the hydrogen sulfide in marsh gas into sulfur and water (2H2S+O2=2H2+2S), which are then removed, and the desulfurizer is oxygen (air).
NOVELTY - Production of a composition (A) for inducing immunity and/or for treatment and/or prevention of allergy uses insect tissue and/or larval forms and derivatives of insects.    USE - (A) is particularly used to induce an immune response that treats or prevents bacterial and viral infections, allergies and tumors, in birds, fish, humans and other mammals (including transfer through maternal milk). Also other products produced by using insects for waste recycling are useful as feeds, particularly for chickens, and as soil additive to improve plant growth and resistance to fungal attack. (B), apart from inducing immunity, also provides protein, energy, vitamins, trace elements, minerals, amino acids and omega 3-unsaturated fatty acids.    ADVANTAGE - Waste materials can now be treated without incineration or landfill disposal, since insects can be incorporated into the land containing waste materials, to enrich the soil and provide slow release of nitrogen. Eggs from chickens fed on (B) have improved quality, e.g. reduced cholesterol levels, and transfer the innate immunity of the chicken to the consumer. The insects are able to degrade bovine spongiform encephalopathy proteins to their constituent amino acids.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) method for recycling biological waste using insects (including larval and other life forms) to produce (A) or a food source (B) with immunity-inducing properties;    (b) method for producing (B) which modifies immunity and provides protein, energy and biologically active materials; and    (c) method for promoting growth of plants, and increasing their resistance to fungal attack, by adding the end product of method (a) to soil.
NOVELTY - Heat exchangers (24,26) are connected serially in combustion path (8), on lower side of fuel cell (10). Reversible heating circuit (28) has fuel cell and heat exchanger (24) exchanging heat between combustion path and reversible heating circuit. Humidity circuit (30) has fuel processor (2) and heat exchanger (26) exchanging heat between combustion path and humidity circuit.    USE - For generating electric energy and heat in buildings.    ADVANTAGE - System starts up autonomously, since fuel cell and fuel processor are provided with heat by the heat exchangers in reversible heating and humidity circuit respectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell system.    Fuel processor (2)    Combustion path (8)    Fuel cell (10)    Heat exchangers (24,26)    Heating circuit (28)    Humidity circuit (30)
NOVELTY - The gas mixture used enables a shorter pre-heating time of the work piece before starting the cutting operation.    USE - The ternary mixture is mixed with the desired proportion of O2 or a gaseous mixture containing O2. The mixture can be effected on site in a gas mixer or directly in a nozzle or burner. The mixture is used in the oxy-cutting of sheet metal material containing a high proportion of iron, particularly steel. The mixture is used for oxy-cutting (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The mixture is an improvement on other combustible mixtures in that the time of pre-heating of the work piece is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gaseous combustible mixture comprises :- 10 - 40% acetylene ; 10 - 50% butane ; and 10 - 80% propane. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a recipient containing the gas mixture.
NOVELTY - A fluid flow plate (46, 48) with face and a hydration fluid opening comprises flow channel(s) (50, 52) for distributing a reactant in a fuel cell, land(s) adjacent to the flow channel, and hole(s) defined in and extending through a height of the land. The hole is connected to the fluid opening and facilitates transmission of a portion of the fluid to aid in hydration of fuel cell membrane.    USE - For a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydration hole is impinged against a gas diffusion layer (60, 62) or a wicking layer, thus providing an additional pressure drop for the fluid exiting the hydration hole. The pressure drop properly controls the flow of the hydrating fluid to provide hydration of the fuel cell membrane. The wicking action of the gas distribution layer and/or the wicking layer also serves to increase hydration distribution along the membrane of the fuel cell. The invention provides a uniform and sufficient membrane hydration and/or cooling of fuel cells throughout the length of a fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a hydration system for a fuel cell comprising the inventive fluid flow plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial cross sectional view of a fuel cell.    Fuel cell (44)    Fluid flow plate (46, 48)    Flow channel (50, 52)    Diffusion layer (60, 62)    Hole (65)
NOVELTY - Fuel product from livestock waste is formed by preparing a mixture comprising solid components from livestock waste and another waste product; and forming the mixture into a self-sustaining body with a bulk density of 20-40 pounds (lbs)/foot (ft)3. The formed mixture has a lower moisture content than the solid components.    USE - For producing a fuel product from livestock waste.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel product and process yield high qualities of energy and minimal quantities of pollutants while minimizing or eliminating odor from the waste.
NOVELTY - Process includes separation of carbon-free fraction followed by gasifying wastes in underground gas producer. Carbon-containing fraction of wastes is subjected to pyrolysis at 500-600 C prior to admitting it to gas producer; in the process, gaseous products of pyrolysis are mixed up with those released in gasifying process while remaining solid fraction and/or gases released in cleaning gaseous products of pyrolysis are introduced in underground gas producer; pyrolysis process involves recovery of heat transferred from products of gasification (gases) and/or from their combustion products. In addition, gaseous pyrolysis products are cleaned of incombustible gas fractions and/or resin, and/or water.    USE - Recovery of domestic and/or industrial wastes including carbon-containing materials.    ADVANTAGE - Improved stability of gas producer at increased calorific power of gasifying products (gases). 2 cl, 3 dwg
NOVELTY - Disintegrator includes cylindrical housing with suction and discharge branch pipes, rotor mounted along axis of housing and provided with recesses engageable with projections and recesses of housing via liquid circular passage; these projections and recesses are made on flexible water permeable cover plate. Cover plate forms cavity together with housing which is isolated from suction and discharge branch pipes and is communicated with protium and deuterium water mixture receiver which is communicated with next stages of disintegrator. Last stage receiver is connected with electrolysis chamber including the anode and cathode sections separated by semipermeable partition. Anode section is connected with oxygen receiver and cathode branch pipe of first stage of disintegrator is communicated with disintegrate receiver of tape- type press-filter after inlet disintegrator. Discharge branch pipe of first stage of disintegration of associates of molecules of protium and deute rium water is connected with biofilter. Lower section of biofilter is communicated with centrifugal microfilter provided with flexible filtering partition. Housing of microfilter is connected with potable water receiver by means of branch pipe and is brought in communication with press- filter, drier and protein-vitaminum additive receiver by means of sediment branch pipe.    USE - Disintegration of Cyanophyceae in cleaning shallow water in water basins accompanied by generation of deuterium, biofertilizers and protein-vitamin additives.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced efficiency of separation of deuterium water from protium water at complex utilization of Cyanophyceae. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Method includes digging of trenches with some incline for drainage of excessive moisture. Trenches are filled with food and organic wastes with addition of sludge and covered with polyethylene film. In 2-4 months, humus is formed in trenches. Main mass of worms are caught and planted into new trenches. Then trenches are filled to capacity and inter trench space is filled with vegetable soil and plants are planted.    USE - Burial of solid household wastes on dumps; applicable in neutralization of dumps.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified and economically efficient method of dump neutralization. 2 cl
NOVELTY - A phosphorus compound and a magnesium compound are added to organic waste which is then subjected to heat compression molding to obtain solid fuel.    USE - For the manufacture of solid fuel (refuse derived fuel) from organic waste such as organic refuse, general waste and industrial organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of odor causing components such as ammonia from organic waste during processing, is prevented. The operation of deodorizing apparatus is stabilized and deodorizing effect is improved. Cost of deodorizing apparatus is reduced and since deodorization is performed at source of odor release, the deodorizing apparatus can be made compact.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a deodorizing unit (21) located for hot gas discharge. A heat absorption plate spirally surrounding the outer surface of the coke oven chamber (2) has a heat transfer board at the inner side. A combustion chamber (3) is situated in the lower side of the coke oven chamber. A steam separator (4) is provided for cooling the exhaust gas.    USE - For e.g. livestock waste, agriculture product waste or organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces energy cost by rapid heating in short duration for efficient carbonization of waste materials containing huge moisture, as combustion chamber is positioned to lower side of coke oven chamber. Eliminates dryer by usage of steam separator for exhaust gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of carbonization apparatus.    Coke oven chamber (2)    Combustion chamber (3)    Steam separator (4)    Deodorizing unit (21)
NOVELTY - An organic waste solution is treated with a gas containing oxygen at 0.5 times or less than theoretical oxygen amount, at more than 100 degrees C and a pressure (A) at which organic waste exists in the liquid phase, and then subjecting to gas-liquid separation. The liquid phase separated is contacted with metal catalyst at more than 100 degrees C and pressure (A), to obtain gas comprising methane.    USE - For manufacturing combustible gas or fuel from organic waste, e.g. aerobic and anaerobic treated sludge, sewage sludge, food processing waste, marine waste, industrial waste, agriculture and forestry waste.    ADVANTAGE - Solid and/or liquid organic substance is effectively transformed to useful combusting gas, electric power and heat energy. Thus, the manufacturing cost of combusting gas is reduced. Recycling of organic waste is enabled as useful combusting gas. Generation of toxic substance such as dioxin during incineration of organic waste is prevented thus preventing environmental pollution effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic waste solution is treated with a gas containing oxygen in a solubilizing tower (10). The gas-liquid mixture from the tower is subjected to gas-liquid separation in a gas-liquid separator (20). The liquid phase separated is contacted with metal catalyst in a regenerator (25), to obtain a gas comprising methane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of an apparatus used for manufacturing combusting gas.    Solubilizing tower (10)    Gas-liquid separator (20)    Regeneration tower (25)
NOVELTY - A deodorizing device comprising a tower (1) with odor gas inlet (51) and processed gas outlet (52), is new. Microorganisms supported by a carrier are filled in the tower as a layer (2). Treated water stored at the tower bottom is sprinkled on the layer with the aid of pump (5) and nozzles (6). Makeup water is supplied via an introduction line (11). Waste water is drained from the tower bottom via a drainage line (53).    USE - For deodorizing gas generated in organic waste compost plant.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids necessity of adding new equipment of large size. Operates satisfactorily even when odor concentration fluctuates sharply. Maintains decomposition of ammonia by advancing nitrification reaction and reduction of pH value of the treated water. Effective in deodorizing gas containing nitrogen compound like ammonia having offensive odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for bio-deodorizing method of bad smell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the configuration of carrier filled type bio-deodorizing device.    Tower (1)    Layer (2)    Pump (5)    Nozzle (6)    Introduction line (11)    Odor gas inlet (51)    Processed gas outlet (52)    Drainage line (53)
NOVELTY - Use of a waste material (1) as a fuel involves crushing the waste material and carrying out thermolysis to form a thermolysis residue. A char is selected from the thermolysis residue which is transferred and made to burn as fuel with another installation.    USE - As fuel (claimed) for use in power stations, cement or iron industries.    ADVANTAGE - The handling property of the fuel is favorable and it does not generate any bad smell or putrefaction. The production cost of the fuel is less than the production cost of solid refuse fuel. Valuable metals and glass which are contained in waste material can be effectively recovered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the installation which carries out the fuel generation process.    Waste material (1)
NOVELTY - New Pseudomonas putida SD-21 strain deposited on a microbe (FERM P-17161) has ability to decompose a nonionic surfactant.    USE - For purifying domestic and industrial waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The organism effectively processes the waste water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the waste water treatment involves cultivating Pseudomonas putida SD-21 strain deposited on the microbe (FERM P-17161) in a drainage system containing nonionic surfactant and subsequently reducing the concentration of the surfactant in the drainage system.
NOVELTY - The catalyst comprises (silica)alumina coated with copper, gold, silver, vanadium, antimony, bismuth, chromium, selenium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, palladium, platinum or their metal oxides.    USE - Removal of carbon monoxide in hydrogen rich gas formed in fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE - The removal of carbon monoxide in hydrogen rich gas is performed effectively. The poisoning of the electrode in fuel battery is prevent. The reduction in electricity generation efficiency by the fuel is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for selective removal of carbon monoxide in fuel battery system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst.
NOVELTY - An inlet (16) introduces mixed air of reformed gas and air into center of top plate (14a) of container (12), via small holes (21) in container side (18b). An inner container (13) is filled with catalyst (2) to oxidize carbon monoxide in reformed gas and reduces carbon monoxide in container (13). An outlet (17) ejects mixer air to center of bottom board (15b) adhered to bottom board (15a).    USE - For solid polymeric type fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE - When the uniform oxidation reaction which removes carbon monoxide in gas, is performed, the inside of catalyst layer is maintained at a preset temperature range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of carbon monoxide removal device.    Catalyst (2)    Outer container (12)    Inner container (13)    Top plate (14a)    Bottom boards (15a,15b)    Inlet (16)    Outlet (17)    Container side (18b)    Hole (21)
NOVELTY - Removal of carbon monoxide from hydrogen rich gas involves carrying out methanation of CO using catalyst in methanation reaction device (3) whose maximum temperature is less than 230degreesC.    USE - For solid polymeric type fuel battery system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Side reactions such as methanation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen loss during removal of CO are restrained. The fuel reformed gas used in fuel batteries does not reduce the efficiency of fuel battery. Air supplied to cathodes of fuel battery, burner of modifier cools the methanation reaction device and hence enhances the efficiency of the fuel battery. The CO removal device is compact and removal is carried out efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system assembly for removal of CO from hydrogen rich gas.    Fuel battery (1)    Cathode (1a)    Modifier (2)    Burner (2a)    Methanation reaction device (3)
NOVELTY - The cage has a mesh enclosure and a material reception trough (20). The enclosure is divided into compartments. A hydraulic lift raises-lowers the trough provided with powered wheels (21) to move the trough between the low level filling station and the cage top, along a track formed in the cage top. Rotors with radial vanes distribute material from the trough to compartments. The flaps below the rotors are operated by a lever mechanism.    USE - The composting cage is useful for composting biological and industrial waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of a hydraulic lift ensures even loading of the trough with improved accuracy and enables uniform spreading of materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The flaps are made to close when the trough travels in reverse direction. The auger (40) mounted below the mesh enclosure is made to move along the rails. Hydraulic rims are arranged to each end of the auger. The hydraulic rims connect the rail by a gripping device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of the composting cage.    Powered wheels (21)
NOVELTY - Culture compost-type support comprises a mixture of vegetal residues comprising lignin and polysaccharides transformed by fermentation, wood fibers partially transformed by fermentation and colored brown by humic fractions produced by the fermentation of the fibers and earth.    USE - For processing waste.    ADVANTAGE - The process is efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the production of the above support by composting a mixture of lignin and polysaccharide vegetal residues, wood fibers and earth.
NOVELTY - Device for producing a biomass stream from a solid carbonaceous material comprises a gasifier for the catalytic tar splitting, gas cooling/filtering and gas utilization. The tar introduced into the fuel gas at the orifice of the gasifier can be split on a honeycomb catalyst in a reactor at 700-1000 degrees C. The gas utilization unit produces the stream.    USE - For producing biomass from solid carbonaceous material.    ADVANTAGE - The tar compounds produced as by-products during gasification do not lead to malfunctions during the process.
NOVELTY - Equipment for storing compostable organic waste comprising a container fitted with a closable cover and a source (3) of ultra-violet (UV) light mounted on the inside of the container or cover, is new.    USE - The device is used for temporary storage of domestic refuse before transport to recycling sites.    ADVANTAGE - The use of ultra violet (UV) light disinfects the waste material and air in the container without the use of chemical microbicides. It prevents development of unpleasant odors and the spread of potentially harmful fungi and bacteria from the waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Cross-section through the equipment.    Container (1)    Cover (2)    Ultra-violet light source (3)    Control unit (4)    Timer switch (5)    Contact (6)    Waste (7)    Cover for light source (9)    Mirror (10)
NOVELTY - In an internal combustion engine with a fuel cell as current/voltage source, which is connected to a hydrogen-generating reformer that reforms hydrogen from a liquid fuel supplied for operating the engine, the reformer can be supplied through a pipe with a condensate of the vapor of low-boiling components of the fuel produced in a device connected to the fuel tank.    USE - The product is an internal combustion engine with a fuel cell as current/voltage source (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Reformer systems for fuel cells normally use a primary alcohol (e.g. (m)ethanol) or hydrocarbon (e.g. methane, n-heptane or isooctane). The present system makes it possible to use the normal fuel as the source of fuel for rapid reforming.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic version of the system.    Fuel tank (1)    Supply pipe (2)    Pump (3)    Pressure pipe (4)    Internal combustion engine (5)    Recycling pipe (6)    Pressure-holding valve (7)    Branch from recycling pipe (8)    Heat exchanger (9)    Regulating valve (10)    Vapor separator (11)    Compressor (12)    Condenser (13)    Condensate tank (14)    Pipe for supplying condensate (15)    Reformer (17)    Valve-controlled blow off pipe (18)    Heat exchanger for cooling fuel (20)    Fuel cell (21)    Device producing condensate from vapor of low-boiling fuel constituents (24)
NOVELTY - Process for wet purifying biogases containing hydrogen sulfide, halogenated hydrocarbons, and volatile silicon-containing compounds comprises using waste leakage water as auxiliary material.    USE - For scrubbing biogases.    ADVANTAGE - The process can be economically carried out without using additional materials, such as solvent or activated charcoal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for carrying out the wet cleaning process comprising a filler column provided counter-currently to the biogas and through which the leakage water flows. The pollutants are degraded after anaerobically decomposing the pollutants forming heavy metal compounds.
NOVELTY - A heat exchanger (2) disposed in series between a compressor (1) and a condenser (3), is provided with a heat storage tank (2a) to temporarily store the unstable waste energy, and with piping to store the waste heat energy from the high temperature coolant, which has passed the compressor.    USE - Compression chiller.    ADVANTAGE - Stabilization of fluctuating waste heat energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A three-way valve (6) prevents the coolant from flowing to the heat exchanger on the side of the heat storage tank corresponding to the present temperature. A temperature sensor (10) between the three-way valve and the condenser is, when the coolant temperature reaches a certain temperature, utilized for forcible turning on/off of a fan (3a) on the condenser or for strength control of the air blow function step by step or proportionally corresponding to the temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic explanatory view of coolant temperature in cooler cycle of a compression chiller.    Compressor (1)    Heat exchanger (2)    Heat storage tank (2a)    Condenser (3)    Fan (3a)    Three-way valve (6)    Temperature sensor (10)
NOVELTY - Gas is supplied to inner pipe of double pipe structured air feed pipe from fuel battery stack is supplied to outer pipe to preheat the gas.    USE - Fuel battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Size is reduced by provision of double pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of fuel battery module.
NOVELTY - The method involves performing biodegradation of organic waste in a treatment tank (20). The biodegradation exhaust gas is guided by guide duct (50) into a deodorizing chamber (60). The exhaust gas is heat deodorized by catalyst. The heater for heating catalyst is operated based on odor concentration in exhaust gas detected with an odor sensor (50x) installed in exhaust gas guide duct (50).    USE - For food process works and domestic kitchen refuse disposal.    ADVANTAGE - Enables effective deodorization of biodegradation exhaust gas, as heater of catalyst is operated based on odor detected deodorized concentration. Saves power consumption as exhaust is used for drying process residue reclaimed from process tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side sectional view of organic refuse treatment apparatus.    Treatment tank (20)    Exhaust guide duct (50)    Odor sensor (50x)    Deodorizing chamber (60)
NOVELTY - Waste processing equipment has, processing units which ferment and eliminate waste. The waste material is mixed with microorganisms at arbitrarily fixed temperatures.    USE - For fermenting waste such as sludge and organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The equipment enables waste processing without generation of toxic substances and forms good quality compost. Fermentation is favorable as, waste is fermented within each chamber adequately at suitable temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of waste processing equipment.    Treatment tank (2)    Stirring unit (3)    Chambers (4a-4g)    Thermal insulating material (5)    Rotation shaft (6)    Revolving arm (7)    Stirring blade (8)    Exhaust outlet (12)
NOVELTY - A receipt unit (28) installed at upper portion of a main structure (5a) of agitator (5), keeps stirring blades (16,17) in unprojected state. The agitator has endless chain (8) provided between two vertically spaced upper and lower sprockets (6,7). The lower sprocket is installed in organic waste (M) stored in tank (32). The stirring blades are provided in flight structures (9,10) and fixed to chain.    USE - In sewage treatment etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances operational efficiency due to provision of receipt unit. Saves cost by saving power, by keeping stirring blades in unprojected state, when the blades are not inside the tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Two projection units (26,27) located at lower portion of the main structure makes the stirring blades to project out depending upon direction of rotation of the endless chain.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of the waste material decomposition device.    Agitator (5)    Agitator main structure (5a)    Sprockets (6,7)    Endless chain (8)    Flight structures (9,10)    Stirring blades (16,17)    Projection units (26,27)    Receipt unit (28)    Tank (32)    Organic waste (M)
NOVELTY - A deodorizing apparatus (4) has an excitation fluorescent tube (14) which is arranged axially to an exhaust tube (3). Photocatalyst filters (13) are arranged at periphery of the tube in 3D manner and at least one portion of which intersects the fluid flow direction.    USE - For decomposing and cleaning inorganic gas generated from organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of photocatalyst filter in purifier enables to treat organic refuse without any bad smell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the purifier.    Exhaust tube (3)    Deodorizing apparatus (4)    Photocatalyst filter (13)    Fluorescent tube (14)
NOVELTY - The method involves supplying ozone to a mixture of organic gas and water vapor generated by decomposition of organic refuse (V). The organic gas gets oxidized. Gas component unprocessed by the oxidation process is removed by an absorption removal process in two stages.    USE - For deodorizing gas generated during decomposition of organic refuse in house.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents leakage of odor accompanied by decomposition of organic refuse to surrounding environment. Increases deodorizing efficiency by direct contact of organic gas with ozone which are introduced into treated water. Increases absorption removal efficiency by maintaining dryness fraction of the organic gas component, in an excellent manner, with the aid of a dehumidifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the deodorizing device of organic gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the deodorant processing system.    Organic refuse (V)
NOVELTY - The abnormality signal is generated based on output value of a shock detector (31) that detects impact accident of vehicles. The supply of field fuel gas and oxidizing agent gas is stopped based on abnormality signal. The inert gas is purged in the fuel modifier and modifier is sealed by inert gas, based on abnormality signal.    USE - For fuel battery driven motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents danger caused by hydrogen gas leakage during impact accident by suspending fuel gas and air supply simultaneously. Facilitates safe storage of modifier by sealing inert gas in modifier. Avoids fire accident during vehicle accident by including water sprinkle or fire extinguisher.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The field fuel gas having mixture of liquid hydrocarbon, methanol, ethanol and gasoline is vaporized with oxidizing agent gas to form hydrogen such reformed gas in modifier,    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of safety device.    Shock detector (31)
NOVELTY - Reactor and/or heat exchanger has stacked plates forming media chambers between an upper and/or lower end plate (1). Thermal insulation is arranged between one end plate and its neighboring plate. At least one end plate has a low heat capacity.    USE - Used as a plate reactor for reforming hydrocarbons and also as a fuel cell in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus has good cold start properties.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view through the plate reactor apparatus.    End plate (1)    Rods (2)    Sleeves (3)    Base surface (4)    Through-hole (5)    Recesses (6, 7)
NOVELTY - Fermentolysis column has a body with sections, transfer pipes, gas blower, dispenser, receiver of fecal-household and production sewages, centrifugal microfilter, dynamic disintegrator, hydrogen receiver and drier of protein-vitamin additive.    USE - Microbic purification of fecal-household and production sewages of milk plants with simultaneous their utilization on biogenic components to produce protein-vitamin additive and hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Higher efficiency of microbic purification of fecal-household and production sewages. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - A scoop-type apparatus having a fermenter (1) for throwing compost raw material (2) and a longitudinally moving stand (9), is new.    USE - For fermentation processing of compost which contains agricultural organic excrements such as livestock dung and organic refuses such as foodstuff residue.    ADVANTAGE - Aerobic fermentation is accelerated using the apparatus, and compost of good quality is manufactured quickly without generation any bad odor component.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A scoop-type apparatus having a fermenter (1) for throwing compost raw material (2) and a longitudinally moving stand (9), is new. The apparatus comprises a cutting-back apparatus (3) for feeding and dropping raw material using an endless feeding unit which rotates towards a slanting upper part from the compost exhaust outlet side (1b) to the raw material insertion opening side (1a), and a grinding machine (11) for breaking and dispersing the falling compost raw material from the apparatus (3).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a principal outline block diagram of a compost fermentation processing apparatus.    Fermenter (1)    Compost raw material (2)    Cutting-back apparatus (3)    Stand (9)    Grinding machine (11)    Opening side (1a)    Outlet side (1b).
NOVELTY - A fuel for fuel batteries is manufactured by hydrating raw material gas containing hydrocarbon and a portion of sulfur and decomposing the hydrate formed.    USE - For fuel batteries used in motor vehicle especially for cooling air-conditioning unit in car.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel is efficiently used for fuel batteries. The fuel contains lower percentage of sulfur.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) fuel for fuel batteries; (ii) fuel battery which uses fuel for its operation; (iii) motor vehicle using fuel battery as a sources of electric power.
NOVELTY - A carbyne group carbon material is heated and/or irradiated with energy to obtain a fibrous carbon compound having a diameter of 10-1000 nm.    USE - For forming linear thin fiber films on electronic device substrates. Also for forming functional carbon material used as hydrogen or methane occlusion material, electron beam emitter, diamond semiconductor or as other electronic material.    ADVANTAGE - Has excellent wear-resistance and suitable for electronic devices.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fibrous carbon compound having a size in nanometers and diameter in micron order.
NOVELTY - The seam/methane ratio in the feedstock to the reformer reactor (1) is adjusted in accordance with temperature profile shift in the reactor, as a function of long term (catalyst) aging. Methane is an example, other hydrocarbons may be processed.    USE - To operate a steam hydrocarbon reformer reactor supplying e.g. fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - A simple method is employed for long term operation of the reformer reactor. It compensates for changes in the temperature profile in the reactor, caused by aging. Temperature profile is held more uniform. Changes in the reforming- or the CO oxidizer can be offset.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the corresponding reformer plant. It include a mixing stage (4) and a (catalytic) reactor (1) with reforming stage (1a) and CO-oxidation stage (1b).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram.    Reactor (1)    Reforming stage (1a)    CO-oxidation stage (1b)    Controls (7, 4)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a prepn. method of catalyst for reforming carbon dioxide to methane: firstly prepare ZrOCl2 solution, use ammonia water as precipitating agent, drip the prepared ZrOCl2 solution into the precipitating agent, stand still for ageing, wash with deionized water, wash with absolute alcohol several times alcoholic gel is obtained, dry and calcine to obtain superfine ZrO2 powder, immerse ZrO2 carrier in nickel nitrate, stir and dry, and calcine to obtain the invented catalyst. The invented method is convenient in operation and simple in equipment.
NOVELTY - A catalyst contains tetragonal zirconia group support (S) carrying nickel and/or cobalt. S contains 1 or more stabilization elements (SE) such as yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, europium, magnesium or calcium. S has 15 atom% or less of SE for total of Zr and SE and catalyst has 5-50 atom% of Ni and/or Co for total of Zr, SE, Ni and/or Co.    USE - For converting carbon dioxide into methane.    ADVANTAGE - Methane is manufactured easily in high yield by reacting hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the presence of the highly active catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of the catalyst for carbon dioxide methanation. One or more salts chosen from Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Eu, Mg and Ca is added to zirconia sol aqueous solution and heated to dryness with stirring to obtain zirconia group support. Aqueous solution of the salt of nickel and/or cobalt is added to zirconia group support with stirring, baked and reduction treatment is performed subsequently to obtain catalyst for carbon dioxide methanation.
NOVELTY - The production unit functions so as to supply a regular flow of synthesis gas(hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide) and of regular quality regardless of variations in the supply or quality of the waste products to be treated.    USE - The syngas obtained can be further treated for the separation and supply of its constituents, i.e. production of H2 in a permeation of PSA unit, and conversion of CO to CO2 or CH4, or production of MeOH or ammonia by addition of N2.    ADVANTAGE - The syngas produced is valorised, part being directed to the heating of the unit, and downstream in the purification of its constituents.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for the production of synthesis gas(syngas), or at least one of its constituents, H2, CO and CO2, from a domestic and/or industrial waste treatment plant containing liquid and/or solid ungraded pollutant material. The waste is compacted and de-gassed in a tunnel heated to at least 100 degreesC. ; the waste agglomerates are then subjected to a gasification-fusion in the presence of O2 in a high temperature reactor(greater than 1000 degreesC.).The crude syngas recovered is abruptly cooled and impurities eliminated by water washing and successive purification. The gas produced is maintained at a determined flow rate by introduction of a regulatory solid or liquid material, other than waste material, capable of producing syngas, the amount being determined by the flow rate of the gas. The supply of the regulatory material comprises at least 10% of the total calorific power of the treated materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing show the installation.    Waste compactor; (2)    Heated tunnel; (3)    High temperature reactor; (5)    Molten mineral and metallic waste; (6)    Crude syngas; (7)    Cooling chamber; (8)    Water wash; (9)    Purification; (10)    Elimination of impurities(S products, metals, salts); (12)    Syngas supply. (15)
NOVELTY - A composting container (2) has a bottom (4), side walls (6) and an upper cover. The bottom has a support plane (8) made of plates (10) in a fish-scale arrangement that are pivotable about the longitudinal axes (12).    USE - For composting organic waste materials, such as mud, agro-industrial waste, and domestic garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows efficient air circulation and is self-cleaning. It prevents process materials from adhering to the container bottom and makes the material sliding during discharging easier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side cross sectional view of the composting container.    Container (2)    Bottom (4)    Side walls (6)    Support plane (8)    Plates (10)    Longitudinal axes (12)    Reinforcing member (14)    Spacers (28)
NOVELTY - Solids dosing device (6) consists of a feed shaft (7) for organic substances, a linear conveyor (8) connected to the base of the shaft and a conveyer tube (9). The linear conveyor presses organic substances into and through the conveyor tube. The conveyor tube is connected to the fermenter feed opening (15).    USE - Used in a fermenter of a biogas plant.    ADVANTAGE - The device is able to cope with large dosing amounts.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The conveyor tube ends with its outlet (13) in the upper fermenter inner region above and/or below the liquid mirror (14) and is bent with an outlet directed downwards below the liquid mirror. The conveyor tube is led through the fermenter feed opening in a side wall (3) of the fermenter container in the upper side wall region and    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-section through the solids dosing device.    side wall (3)    solids dosing device (6)    feed shaft (7)    linear conveyor (8)    conveyer tube (9)    fermenter feed opening (15)
NOVELTY - Disposal of waste involves establishing a stable microbiological methane fermentation zone in a primary waste pond (10) which is surrounded by an outer pond.    USE - For waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple, safe and economic. The method eliminates the drudgery, hazards, and day by day handling of grit, floatable, grease, and sludge for periods of up to 20 years. The scum ramp in the pit is sufficiently dried quickly and bleached. The fermentation results in the production of gaseous component and most of the CO2 and H2S produced in the anodic zone is absorbed in the periphery. The outer pond effectively raises the growth of microalgae which effectively re-circulates the oxygen. The process completely converts volatile organic solids to gaseous and liquid products, and does not require supplementary nutrients. The process effectively reduces, precipitates and removes heavy metals, immobilized parasites, degrades toxic organic compounds and significantly removes the colloidal biological oxygen demand.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a sewage disposal apparatus comprising an influent pipe (12) for delivering waste to a chamber in the primary waste pond which is surrounded by the outer pond.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a waste treatment apparatus.    Primary waste pond (10)    Influent pipe (12)
NOVELTY - A process (A) for producing methane, comprising homogenizing termite digestive tracts and incubating coal in a medium containing the homogenate and homogenate-derived or exogenous methanogens under anaerobic conditions, is new.    USE - For producing methane from coal (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process (B) for producing methane, comprising homogenizing termite digestive tracts, culturing the homogenate in a bacterial enrichment medium to produce homogenate-derived microflora, and incubating coal in a medium containing the microflora.
NOVELTY - Method involves delivery of fuel mixture to working area holding at least oxidizing agent and natural gas, primarily methane, ignition and combustion of fuel mixture; oxygen is proposed as oxidizing agent and hydrogen peroxide is to be supplied to working area upon ignition of fuel mixture. In the process, provision is made to prevent emission of pollutants such as carbon oxide and nitric oxides into atmosphere.    USE - Heat generation by internal-combustion engines and thermal power stations.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved environmental friendliness, increased amount of heat generated.
NOVELTY - A unit serves to disintegrate microorganisms using the combined effects of a water hammer and heat with the water displaced and heated in the local water heating systems of buildings. Disintegration and water heating occurs in a fluid ring between a rotor and casing during the transition from dynamic to static head and vice versa involving conversion of some portion of the head energy to heat.    USE - For water treatment by disintegration of microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Improved operating efficiency of the unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A unit serves to disintegrate microorganisms using the combined effects of a water hammer and heat with the water displaced and heated in the local water heating systems of buildings. Disintegration and water heating occurs in a fluid ring between a rotor and casing during the transition from dynamic to static head and vice versa involving conversion of some portion of the head energy to heat. At high temperature and vacuum in rotor depressions steam bubbles appear and collide in the casing depression with the dynamic water hammers. Head transformation time depends on the amount of backwater in the scroll case, taps, and drum. Water mixing in the scroll case and tap is accompanied by conversion of friction between water layers into that between water and walls. The latter is greater in magnitude than the friction between the water layers which causes additional water heating. The drum functions as a centrifugal suspended-matter separator.
NOVELTY - The method is carried out by homogenizing, comminuting and moistening the waste (9) and then subjecting it to biological treatment. The biological treatment is carried out in aerobic rotting ricks ventilated by ventilation elements (4) which form a chimney (3). The waste is laid on top of an air permeable material such as wood pallets (5) and is covered with a structured layer (13) and cover layer (12), which form a biological filter layer. The height of the rotting rick does not exceed 2.80 m. The size of the particles in the structured layer is 25 - 80 mm. The height of the structured and cover layers is about 30 cm.    USE - For treatment of domestic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The disturbance of air-gas exchange is avoided without previous separation of the waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross section of a domestic waste rotting rick    Chimney (3)    Ventilation elements (4)    Wood pallets (5)    Waste (9)    Cover layer (12)    Structured layer (13)
NOVELTY - Grooves (44a-44f,50a-50d), for gas passage respectively connected to heating gas inlet, and outlet (36b) are arranged on the surface (14a) of separator (14). Connection paths (46,48) are provided to integrally connect the grooves (44a-44f, 50a-50d).    USE - In solid polymeric type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Turbulent gas flow is induced in connection path as a result, gas diffusion to electrode surface is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the transverse plane explanatory view of separator in fuel battery stack.    Separator (14)    Surface (14a)    Outlet (36b)    Grooves (44a-44b,50a-50d)    Connection paths (46,48)
NOVELTY - A stirring auger (24) is installed in a treatment tank (1). The lower end side of the auger is poked with compost raw material (4) that is supplied into the tank. The upper end side of auger is mounted in horizontally moving trolley (19). The auger shaft (25) has nozzle hole (55) to blow-off air so that raw material is stirred mostly.    USE - For fermentation of compost such as excrement of cattle, pig, or chicken, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since the air is blown off from nozzle hole of stirring auger, the mixing of entire compost raw material is performed. Since the auger is rotatable and horizontally movable, uniform stirring of raw material is obtained. Since acid object generated during treatment is also made to blow-off from nozzle hole, prevention of bad smell, potency reinforcement of compost, etc is obtained. By the provision of protrusion to stirring vane, leveling function of compost raw material is improved, and the horizontal moving resistance of auger is reduced, hence stirring efficiency is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Multiple treatment tanks of equal height are articulated such that height level of tanks decreases gradually from left to right. The outlet of extreme left tank connects with inlet of adjoining tank. The outlet of adjoining tank connects with inlet of extreme right tank. The vane of the stirring auger is provided in saw tooth form. A protrusion (53) is provided to the vane. The stirring auger is auto-rotatable and horizontally movable by the trolley. The acid object generated during treatment is also made to blow-off from nozzle hole.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows expanded explanatory view of stirring auger.    Treatment tank (1)    Compost raw material (4)    Horizontally moving trolley (19)    Stirring auger (24)    Auger shaft (25)    Protrusion (53)    Nozzle hole (55)
NOVELTY - A method for waste water treatment involves providing installations in order, and cultivating useful microbe habituation state or extending waste water treatment apparatus depending on the need, until it supplies activated microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria, yeast, fungus, photosynthesis microbe or Actinomyces, in the plant of waste water treatment apparatus.    USE - The method is useful for purifying waste water and for sewage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - As the soil microbe is similar to the microbes which exist in natural cultivation, the microbes are utilized effectively. The natural environment such as earth is also protected. Traces of activated sludge, generated does not release bad smell. The chemicals used are degraded completely, economically. Since useful microbes are used decomposition can be effectively performed, and recycling process is possible in the fields.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for waste water treatment involves installation provision (1) comprises a microbe supply apparatus installation process (2), waste water analysis (3), aeration confirmation (4), aerator installation (5), microbe fixing tank installation (6), waste water collection (7), antibody culture process (8), oil component solution agent injection (9), microbe injection (10), microbe supply apparatus operation initiation (11) and a microbe fixing tank removal process (12).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of installation provision of waste water treatment method.    Installation provision (1)    Useful microbe supply apparatus installation process (2)    Waste water analysis (3)    Aeration confirmation (4)    Aerator installation (5)    Microbe fixing tank installation (6)    Waste water collection (7)    Antibody culture process (8)    Oil component solution injection process (9)    Useful microbe injection (10)    Useful microbe supply apparatus operation initiation process (11)    Microbe fixing tank removal process (12)
NOVELTY - A method for processing organic waste, involves mixing dried debris fermentation additives such as chaff, rice straw, straw and/or withering grass to organic waste, such as an organic refuse, and fermenting the mixture in an aerobic atmosphere.    USE - As fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Unnecessary addition of special aerobic bacteria are not required in the process. Environmental microbes are sufficient for automatic fermentation of organic refuse. Thereby the expense required for processing the organic refuse is reduced. The fermentation additive absorbs moisture and increase the amount of fermented residue, produced. The decomposition of organic waste is quick. The process is helpful in decomposing organic waste and fermentation additive, simultaneously. The obtained residue can be easily used in common farm house. The aggregation of organic refuse particles is prevented and moderate permeability is secured between organic refuse particles, very easily by the fermentation additives. The apparatus is easy to manage and operate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus used for fermenting organic waste. It comprises fermentation tank (FT) (1), raw material introducing inlet (2,5a) on one end of FT, residue outlet (6a) on other end of FT, jacket (4) surrounding FT, forced ventilating unit (9,10) and stirring unit (15,16). The stirring unit is horizontally, rotatable and it can be changed in forward and reverse direction. The fermentated residue is ejected through the outlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of fermentation apparatus.    Fermentation apparatus (1)    Hopper (2)    Residue ejecting duct (3)    Jacket (4)    Raw material injecting opening (5a)    Fermented residue eliminating opening (6a)    Air supply (7)    Exhaust port (8)    Jet pipe (9)    Ventilating fan (10)    Deodorant (11)    Rotating axis (15)    Stirring blade (16)    Heater (19)
NOVELTY - Domestic organic refuse processing container has net-like air permeable cylinder (1) installed at the lower end of the container. The cylinder is connected to an exterior straight drain pipe (3) by a curved pipe (2) and a bearing bar (4) fixes the cylinder unit within the container. Waste liquids are drained from the interior of the container to the exterior.    USE - For reducing moisture content of organic refuse to be utilized in a vegetable garden.    ADVANTAGE - Removal of moisture through the drain reduces bad smells from the waste material by accelerating aerobic decomposition of organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of domestic organic refuse processing container.    Air permeable cylinder (1)    Curved pipe (2)    Straight pipe (3)    Bearing bar (4)
NOVELTY - A treatment tank (1) contains fixed quantity of porous medium to which microorganisms adhere. Injection apparatus supplies treatment tank with organic waste which is cut uniformly by the stirrer. Air intake (13) supplies air to treatment tank to enable aerobic fermentation of process material. Opening for insertion of process material is interlocked to moving bar (10) which installs the stirrer.    USE - For treatment of organic refuse, sewage sludge, vegetable residues, fish and shellfish residue and livestock manure.    ADVANTAGE - The stirrer in the organic waste treatment equipment enables rapid mixing of the process material so that the rate of overall material volume is increased and odor formation is inhibited. The contact area between process material and porous medium is maximized as the moving stirrer bar can move in all directions. Processing time is shortened. Liquid organic waste with moisture content of more than 90% is produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the novel organic waste treatment equipment.    Treatment tank (1)    Grinder (5)    Condensation tank (6)    Flexible hose (8,9)    Movable bar (10)    Air intake system (13)
NOVELTY - The bacteria (I) of the Rhodococcus genus which is capable of decomposing iron cyano complex, is new.    USE - The microorganism is useful for processing iron cyano complex in industrial effluent.    ADVANTAGE - Waste water is purified efficiently.
NOVELTY - The bacteria (I) of the Onchrobactrum genus which is capable of decomposing iron cyano complex, is new.    USE - For processing cyanide compounds contained in the industrial waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Industrial waste water containing cyanide compounds is processed efficiently using the microorganism.
NOVELTY - Air compressor (7) and hydrogen circulating pump (6A) respectively supply compressed air and hydrogen gas to fuel battery (1) which is cooled by water from water circulating pump (4A). The compressed air drive type water and hydrogen circulating pumps (4A,6A) are arranged, so that driving of pumps is performed by the compressed air from the air compressor (7).    USE - Used as power source of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since hydrogen and water supply pumps are driven by compressed air from air compressor, power supply is not needed for driving, thus reducing cost. Since hydrogen and water supply pumps are of compressed air drive type, electric spark is not generated, thus avoiding danger of firing by hydrogen gas. Thus, safety is improved and explosion-proof structure is not needed for hydrogen circulating pump. Usage efficiency of compressed air is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery system.    Fuel battery (1)    Water circulating pump (4A)    Hydrogen circulating pump (6A)    Air compressor (7)
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (1) modifying hydrocarbon to hydrogen fuel has a cylindrical reaction chamber (18) in which fuel to be modified is supplied. A multiple catalyst cartridge (5) filled with grain-like catalyst (4) in a cylindrical net container (51) is provided inside the reaction chamber so that the piled up catalyst layers formed in the direction of cylindrical axle (17) of the reaction chamber.    USE - For modifying hydrocarbon to hydrogen fuel (claimed) in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer easily and efficiently modifies hydrocarbon group fuel to hydrogen rich fuel. The fuel reformer has simple structure and the operation filled with catalyst provides a efficient fuel reformer. The fuel reformer prevents crushing under pressure of the catalyst resulting from expansion contraction of the reaction chamber filled with grain-like catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of fuel reformer.    Fuel reformer (1)    Catalyst (4)    Catalyst cartridge (5)    Cylinder (I,II) (11,12)    Cylindrical axle of reaction chamber (17)    Reaction chamber (18)    Cylindrical net container (51)
NOVELTY - Paper pulp and a basic alkaline earth metal compound are mixed together and adhered to the surface of classified waste plastics.    USE - Used for the manufacture of solid fuel derived from waste plastics or EPF- Ecological Plastics Fuel from homes and industries.    ADVANTAGE - Since waste plastics are classified, presence of putrefying impurities can be prevented. Solid fuel which is biologically and chemically stable with high dry strength and which is sufficiently disinfected, is obtained. The storage and handling, combustibility and moldability of the solid fuel is improved. The solid fuel can be manufactured continuously and in larger amounts. Acidic exhaust gases produced during combustion are efficiently absorbed by the basic metal compound.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) Manufacture of solid fuel from waste plastics, a slurry comprising paper pulp, a basic alkaline earth metal compound and water is added to classified waste plastics and the material is compression molded; (ii) Solid fuel manufacturing apparatus from waste plastics which comprises: (a) crusher which crushes and classifies the waste plastics, (b) pulper which mixes pulp slurry with basic alkaline earth metal compound and water, (c) a slurry supply apparatus, (d) a mixing vessel which mixes the crushed, classified waste plastics and slurry, (e) a heating machine which heats the mixture at 80-150 degreesC; and (f) a compacting machine which carries out compression molding of the heated mixture.
NOVELTY - Bacillus microorganisms capable of decomposition of sludge under alkaline condition, particularly at 40 degrees Centigrade or higher, and pH 8-13, particularly pH 9-12.    USE - Treatment of sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Treatment of sludge with reduced excessive sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a new microorganism at least having protease activity, particularly Bacillus species Q2-1 (FERM P-16922) and Q3 (FERM P-16923), capable of decomposition of sludge; and    (2) a process for treatment of sludge by addition of the microorganism singly or in a mixture and under alkaline condition.
NOVELTY - An installation for production of compost from urban sewage is new.    USE - For use in sewage disposal field, as a plant for transforming urban sewage into compost which in turn finds use in agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Solution of sewage disposal problem is combined with advantage of its utilization as compost for agricultural use.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The installation for production of compost from urban sewage comprises the sewage entry part, with means to separate non-organic material, compost production block and means for storage and/or transport of produced compost. Compost production block comprises first sealed zone in form of tunnel to which the material to be composted is disposed, with means of forced air circulation and means for taking data based on samples taken from the bottom, and second zone containing open biofilter through which the air coming from the first zone circulates across filtrating material. First and second zone have false bottoms for forced circulation of air.
NOVELTY - Compostable agricultural films based on aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic polyesters or derived polyesterurethanes, polyestercarbonates or polyesteramides, an additive which influences light transmission and a dispersion aid.    USE - The films are useful for agricultural and horticultural applications such as ground coverings in greenhouses, garden beds and fields, as mulch films, as protection against insects, for sprouting and protection of tubers and plant roots, for lining planting boxes, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The single- or multi-layer films have adequate mechanical strength for the intended application yet are easily biodegradable and compostable. The degradation products are harmless and can remain in the soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - One- or multilayer biodegradable and compostable thermoplastic films in which each layer comprises as biodegradable polymer at least one biodegradable aliphatic polyester or partially aromatic polyester in which the propoprtion of aromatic acid is no more than 50 wt. % calculated on all acids, or at least one functional derivative based on these polyesters selected from polyesterurethanes with an ester portion of at least 75 wt. %, polyestercarbonates with an ester portion of at least 70 wt. % or polyesteramides with an ester portion of at least 20 wt. % and assistant agents comprising (on total weight of each layer) at most 5 wt. % of conventional nucleating agents, at most 5 wt. % of conventional lubricants and release agents and at most 5 wt. % of conventional antiblocking agents, and in which at least one layer additionally contains an additive (I) which affects the light transmission and at least one dispersion aid (II).
NOVELTY - Conversion of plastic waste material (44) into combustible hydrocarbons involves thermal separation of plastic waste into gaseous combustible hydrocarbons, expulsion of residual material comprising heterogeneous impurity and catalytic separation of gaseous hydrocarbon into lesser quantity of lower hydrocarbons (methane and butane) and greater quantity of liquid hydrocarbons comprising petrol and fuel oil.    USE - For converting waste plastic material such as bags and containers for food products into combustible hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The process does not require washing or crushing of plastic waste. As thermal separation is performed at atmospheric pressure, low level of oxygen and at 450 degrees C, small quantities of paper, textile fabric and food can be eliminated together with other residual materials such as dust. Combined use of thermal and catalytic separation, at normal pressure enables optimum recycling at low cost. The non-regenerable plastic is transformed into an economic form of non polluting energy that can also supply heat to other processes for utilizing wastes, such as oven drying of organic fertilizers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a plant for executing the conversion of plastic waste materials into combustible hydrocarbons.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of a plant for converting waste plastic material into combustible hydrocarbons.    Reactor (11,60)    Beater (15,70)    Blades (16,72)    Axial shaft (18,71)    Electric motor (19,73)    Heating system (30)    Chamber (31)    Optimum level (38)    Flame burner (40)    Plastic waste material (44)    Feeder (45)    Screws (46)    Piston (47)    Narrow funnel (48)    Cooling system (49)    Discharger (50)    Tubes (55,75,92)    Electromagnetic coils (62)    Catalyst (80)    Ceramic balls (83)    Separator (90)    Oven (94)    Cooler (95)
NOVELTY - A pure bacterial culture (I) isolated from a mixed bacterial culture ATCC No. 202057, is capable of degrading methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) to carbon dioxide.    USE - For remediating a medium containing water and a branched alkyl ether and/or a branched alkyl alcohol. (I) is also useful for degrading t-butyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and acetone, preferably to carbon dioxide and also other linear and branched ethers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for isolating (II) bacterial culture, comprising:    (a) adding sterile mineral dilution medium containing 0.01-1000 mg/L of MTBE, to a sample of mixed (I);    (b) removing a proportion from the resulting culture volume and replacing that proportion with a corresponding volume of fresh dilution medium containing 0.01-1000 mg/L of MTBE, to yield a dilution enrichment culture;    (c) repeating step (b) on resulting culture until a dilute suspension of dilution enrichment culture is found to consistently degrade MTBE;    (d) streaking the dilution enriched culture onto sterile plates containing a mineral medium and incubating the plates;    (e) observing the plates for the appearance of colonies and when colonies appear, picking the colonies from the plates and inoculating the separated colonies in sealed vessels containing mineral medium and MTBE;    (f) incubating the separated colonies and determining the loss of MTBE from head space of the sealed vessels; and    (g) selecting and isolating a separated colony which completely degrades MTBE to carbon dioxide.
NOVELTY - Ethanol is produced by fermenting a gas composition having carbon monoxide anaerobically with a Clostridium ljungdahlii strain O-52 ATCC No. 55989 or C-01 ATCC No.55988 in an aqueous nutrient media in a bioreactor to produce a broth. A portion of the broth is continuously removed from the bioreactor and ethanol is recovered.    USE - For producing ethanol from waste gases from industrial processes, e.g. oil refining, carbon black, coke, ammonia, and methanol production.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is cost effective and practical. It reduces environmental pollution while saving energy and chemical feedstocks.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for a biological culture of:    (a) Clostridium ljungdahlii strain O-52, ATCC Accession No. 55989; and    (b) C. ljungdahlii strain C-01, ATCC Accession No. 55988.
NOVELTY - Apparatus has vessel embraced with fencing ground windrow and provided with moisture-proof bottom and side walls. Vessel has basic manure feeding device and heat and moisture insulating covering. Unit for discharge and accumulation of filtered liquid fraction is connected to vessel via chute. Portion of vessel side wall is made perforated. Heat and moisture insulating vessel covering is made from filtering hygroscopic material laid onto vessel peripheral surface. Basic manure feeding device is made in the form of set of pipes whose inlet ends are positioned on peripheral surface of vessel and outlet ends are communicated with vessel cavity and disposed in inner upper part of vessel side wall. Vessel has group of dispensing members, each connected with related pipe of basic manure feeding device and inclined at an angle of 25-30 deg to horizontal plane. Such construction allows litterless manure to be prepared for further application in field.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced production cost, increased fertilizing value, reduced antisanitary or other adverse effect upon environment and enhanced reliability in operation. 2 cl, 2 dwg
NOVELTY - High-pressure natural gas from the gas main is fed to a vortex tube, where it is separated into two flows: cold and warm ones. The cold flow in the form of liquefied gas is drained through the main into a heat-insulated vessel. The warm gas flow is precooled, expanding in the turbine with generation of useful power, sucked in the condenser of the Stirling cryogenic machine, where it gets condensed. Liquid gas is drained in a Dewar flask and fed by the pumps to the gas in the gas-containing section of the vessel get condensed due to heat exchange with the liquid gas flowing through the coil-pipe.    USE - Cryogenic engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced efficiency of system and reduced material costs at production, storage and use of liquefied gases, reduced environmental contamination.
NOVELTY - Cryogenic stirring machine, fractionating tower and heat exchanger for freezing out of moisture and carbon dioxide in the combination system are used as a plant for production of liquid nitrogen. The nitrogen gasification line consists of pipe-lines with liquid and gaseous nitrogen connecting in succession a heat-insulated vessel for liquid nitrogen, high-pressure pump, heat exchanger for liquefaction of natural gas and a gas-filling station.    USE - Production of nitrogen and liquefaction of natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced efficiency of systems and reduced material costs at production of nitrogen and liquefied natural gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cryogenic stirring machine, fractionating tower and heat exchanger for freezing out of moisture and carbon dioxide in the combination system are used as a plant for production of liquid nitrogen. The nitrogen gasification line consists of pipe-lines with liquid and gaseous nitrogen connecting in succession a heat-insulated vessel for liquid nitrogen, high-pressure pump, heat exchanger for liquefaction of natural gas and a gas-filling station. The gas-filling station has a receiver vessel, filling line with pressure-reducing and filling valves, and vessels for gaseous high-pressure nitrogen. The pipe-line for feeding of free air to the plant for nitrogen liquefaction passes through the heat-exchanger used for heating of gaseous nitrogen. The vessel for storage of liquefied natural gas communicates with the liquefaction heat exchanger through a liquefied gas drain line made in the form of a coil-pipe in the vessel gas-containing section.
NOVELTY - The fermentation and ripe processing of raw garbage inserted inside a processing tank (39) is performed by stirring with a stir mechanism (40). The last scum is discharged from the processing tank through an outlet (49) opened and closed with a lid (85). The lid is operated to perform the opening and closing operation of the outlet interlocking with the stir mechanism.    USE - For performing the fermentation and ripening processing of raw garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The mistake of unprocessed raw garbage being ejected from a processing tank through an outlet can be prevented by operating a lid to open and close the outlet interlocking with the operation of a stir mechanism which stirs the raw garbage in the processing tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front cross sectional view of a processing tank.    Processing tank (39)    Stir mechanism (40)    Outlet (49)    Lid. (85)
NOVELTY - The organic controller of enzymatic hydrolysis of urea in soils comprises at least one compound (I) containing oxygen or sulfur and e.g. alkyls and aryls. The compound is also associated with extracts of grape seed, skin, grape skin and olive skin.    USE - In agriculture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic controller of enzymatic hydrolysis of urea in soils comprises at least one compound of formula (I) containing oxygen or sulfur and e.g. alkyls and aryls. The compound is also associated with extracts of grape seed, skin, grape skin and olive skin.    X, Y = H, alkanoyl, aroyl, arylsulfonyl or NO; and    Z1 = O or S.
NOVELTY - A gas detector and analysis unit measures the concentration of odors deliberately introduced into natural gas, using electrochemical cells.    USE - Process and assembly to measure the presence of an odor deliberately introduced into natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The process prevents the occurrence of an irreversible change by maintaining a constant microscopic feed of air by the operation of a peristaltic micro-pump.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Due to the absence of atmospheric oxygen in the natural gas the cells function for only a limited time, following which they undergo an irreversible change in their characteristics. The pump introduces a one percent admixture of air to the natural gas. A flow of natural gas of 6-10 litres/hr receives preferably 60-100 ml air per hour. Following the measurement of odorous substances, the mixture or air and gas is preferably discharged to the atmosphere. In order to minimize the possible effect of cross-sensitivity, the gas is measured both before and after the introduction of the odors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the dosed introduction of air into natural gas in an odor measuring assembly by a peristaltic pump.    Back-flow prevention valve (7)    Measured gas feed pipe (8)    Needle valve (9)    Mixer chamber (10)    Teflon (R) housing (11)    Hose (12)    Hose pump (13)    Ambient air (14)    Electronic printed circuit board amplifier(16)effluent air (15)
NOVELTY - Method for preparing carbon membranes (A), for gas separation, that consist of a symmetrical layer of carbon, practically free of defects. A solution of polymer (I), in one or more solvents, is applied as a layer over a macroporous substrate and the layer allows to cure in the air. This layer is then heat treated (carbonized) in vacuo to form a layer of microporous carbon, deposited on, and adherent to, the substrate.    USE - (A) are used for separation of permanent gases, by functioning as a molecular sieve.    ADVANTAGE - A readily available and inexpensive (I), specifically phenolic resin, is used and the process produces a practically defect-free membrane in a single cycle (contrast many cycles required in conventional processes).
NOVELTY - Catalytic system for selective hydrogenation of acetylene impurities in ethane-ethylene fraction is made from at least two contacting beds, the first one containing 1:9 to 9:1 mixture of granules of palladium catalyst on carbon and alumina carriers and the second containing granules of palladium catalyst on alumina carrier. The second bed constitutes 10 to 90% of the total volume of catalytic system. Gas flow can pass the two beds in any order.    USE - Hydrogenation catalysts.    ADVANTAGE - Increased catalytic selectivity and reduced weight of palladium.
NOVELTY - Moist organic waste is fermented, the formed methane is burnt and the combustion exhaust gas is introduced into gas turbine generator (12). Fermented waste material (WM) is dehydrated and dried by contact with waste gas (WG). Dehydrated waste liquid performing biological treatment is separated into treated water, and surplus sludge (SS) which contacts dried WG to form dried SS.    USE - For dried organic waste containing livestock wastes, sewage sludge and foodstuffs lees, for use as solid fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The moist waste material is treated and dried efficiently and the dried waste material has favorable stability. Energy consumption for the process is minimized and processing cost is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Methane fermentation of moist organic waste is performed and fermented methane waste material is obtained. The methane is burnt and the combustion exhaust gas is introduced into a gas turbine generator. The fermented waste material is dehydrated and the dehydrated waste liquid and waste material are separated. The dehydrated waste material is contacted with the waste gas from gas turbine generator and is dried. The dehydrated waste liquid carrying out aerobic bacteria process is separated into treated water and surplus sludge. The surplus sludge is contacted with dried waste gas to form dried surplus sludge and the odor component in the waste gas is adsorbed and removed. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for drying moist organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of apparatus for drying moist organic waste.    Methane fermentation tank (10)    Gas turbine generator (12)    Dehydrator (14,22)    Dryer (16)    Biological treatment apparatus (18)    Solid-liquid separator (20)    Contact-drying tower (24)
NOVELTY - The waste material is inserted through inlet (22) for dry distillation. A screw conveyor compresses and conveys the processed waste material through outlet (23). A partition (40) with ventilation hole is provided at space for accumulation of carbonized gases (41), for allowing flow into receptacle (31) for thermolysis carbonized gas in thermolysis apparatus (70).    USE - For volume reduction of waste material such as medical waste, organic refuses etc.    ADVANTAGE - The partition has ventilation hole to enable flow of carbonization gas into thermolysis gas receptacle. Therefore, dry distillation is made at very low heating cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the elevation of waste material volume reduction processing apparatus.    Inlet (22)    Outlet (23)    Receptacle (31)    Partition (40)    Carbonization gas space (41)    Thermolysis apparatus (70)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse is processed by decomposing organic refuse by treating with microorganism. The microorganism and the organic refuse are mixed with a bamboo particle.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Processing of organic refuse is done efficiently through bamboo particle and the microorganism for decomposing organic refuse is proliferated efficiently. The bamboo particle has excellent deodorant property.
NOVELTY - A bacteria of Streptomyces genus having metal such as iron cyano complex decomposability is new.    USE - For purification treatment of industrial waste such as water/drain.    ADVANTAGE - The bacteria decomposes ferrocyan compounds effectively. The bacteria effectively decomposes compounds which has weakly alkaline and neutral pH conditions by solubilizing. 10 ml of sterilized ferrocyan liquid medium was dispensed in a test tube. 1 platinum loop of Streptomyces gannmycicus KR21-2B was inoculated to the test tube and incubated at 30degreesC. The ferrocyan compound (total cyanide) content of the medium was measured for every fixed period. The result showed that the bacteria has solubilized 33.2% of ferrocyan compound within 4 weeks.
NOVELTY - The bacteria (I) of the Pseudomonas genus which is capable of decomposing metal cyano complex, is new.    USE - For processing cyanide compounds contained in the industrial waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Industrial waste water containing cyanide compounds is processed efficiently using the microorganism.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing titanium oxide containing carbonized biomass involves carbonizing by heating titanium oxide content biomass. The biomass has titanium oxide raw material in cell walls, intracellular cavities and/or cell surfaces.    USE - For decomposing chemical compositions (claimed) like aldehydes, mercaptans and alcohols, to form harmless chemical composition.    ADVANTAGE - Titanium oxide containing biomass carbonization material is economical with high adsorption capacity and photolysis ability. The titanium oxide decomposes formaldehyde completely in harmful chemical compositions, like air, making it harmless within a short period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) Titanium oxide containing carbonized biomass; (ii) Decomposition of chemical compositions involves using titanium oxide content carbonized biomass for adsorbing the chemical composition to be treated, and decomposing harmful compounds by irradiation of light.
NOVELTY - A decomposition of sulfur containing heterocyclic compound (SCHC) involves decomposing SCHC by Rhodococcus or Corynebacterium.    USE - For desulfurization of fossil fuels like petroleum.    ADVANTAGE - The desulfurization of SCHC can be effectively performed at moderate conditions.
NOVELTY - An expanded graphite sheet is ground to form particles having bulk density of 0.6-1.0, maximum particle size of 500 mum and average particle diameter of 150-300 mum. The ground particles are mixed with granular (liquid) resin and the mixture is molded and vacuum hot pressed. The molded gas conveyor-cum-separator with ribs has bulk density of 1.4-1.7.    USE - For fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The separator is inexpensive, and provides improved strength.
NOVELTY - The catalyst layers are distributed on both sides of a solid polymer electrolyte film. Gas diffusion layers (2) are provided outside the catalyst layers. Metallic separators (1) with oxidizing agent and fuel gas passageways (5,6), are distributed outside the gas diffusion layers. The gas diffusion layer and the separator with oxidizing agent gas passageway, are joined integrally.    USE - Solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Property reduction of oxidizing agent gas, is avoided and high performance is attained. Compact solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery is obtained at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional diagram of single cell of solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    Metallic separators (1)    Gas diffusion layer (2)    Fuel gas passageway (5,6)
NOVELTY - An equipment for generating hydrogen by contacting a material containing a hydro-carbon compound and water to a reforming catalyst, wherein the equipment comprises reforming units filled with the reforming catalyst placed in divided material passage spaces, combustion catalyst members adjoining to the reforming catalysts through partitions, a fuel supply unit, a combustion air supply unit and a mixing unit for mixing the fuel and the air so as to contact the mixture gas to the combustion catalyst members in a combustion chamber.    USE - The equipment is suitable for generating hydrogen used in a hydrogen utilization apparatus such as a fuel cell etc. while using a hydro-carbon compound and water as material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross section of a hydrogen generating equipment    Material Supply Unit (1)    Water Supply Unit (2)    Reforming Unit (5)    Catalyst Member (8)    Combustion Chamber (11)    Fuel Supply Unit (12)    Combustion Air Supply Unit (13)    Mixing Unit (14)