NOVELTY - The module comprises an aluminium frame, and batteries on the rear side of the solar module. A Zener diode is preferably fastened at the aluminium frame to protect the batteries against overload. A diode connected in series prevents a discharge of the battery through the solar module during night.    USE - E.g. for bicycle or toy.    ADVANTAGE - Provides stable output voltage, even during night.
NOVELTY - The engine has a freely-oscillating dual piston with two pistons (3) joined by a piston rod (4), a stationary linear generator (12) mounted near the piston rod with a coil winding (14) enclosing the linear generator in which an electric voltage is induced when the dual piston oscillates. The coil winding is mounted on the inside of a generator cylinder (13) inserted into the working cylinder (2). At least one permanent magnet (15) on the piston rod is moved axially and reciprocally in the coil winding when the piston oscillates.    USE - For a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The engine is simple to manufacture and compact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a internal combustion engine    pistons (3)    piston rod (4)    linear generator (12)    coil winding (14)    generator cylinder (13)    working cylinder (2)    permanent magnet (15)
NOVELTY - The controller controls/regulates the coupling between the coupling and the switch in response to the connection voltage detected by a voltage detector. If the voltage exceeds a defined value when the motor (19) is in regenerative brake mode, the controller breaks a connection between the capacitor (21) and motor with the switch and connects a pair of engagement elements (11,12) in the coupling.    USE - For a hybrid vehicle with a machine for outputting a vehicle drive force, a coupling connected to the machine's output shaft, a drive wheel connected to the coupling's output, a motor connected to the drive wheel that can operate as a regenerative brake, a double layer capacitor for delivering electrical energy to the motor and storing energy from the motor, a switch, a voltage detector and a controller.    ADVANTAGE - Enables degradation of the insulation or of the performance of a double layer capacitor to be prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective exploded block diagram representation of a (Drawing includes non-English text)    motor (19)    capacitor (21)    engagement elements (11,12)    .
NOVELTY - Apparatus for treating a medium in a fuel cell system comprises a reactor (1) with a catalyst-containing region between a first partial chamber (2) of the reactor and a second partial chamber (3) of the reactor. The catalyst-containing region is arranged in the flow path of the medium. The first partial chamber is surrounded by the second partial chamber. The catalyst-containing region is arranged between the first inner partial chamber and the second outer partial chamber. The boundary wall (6) is formed by a fleece provided with a catalyst material.    USE - Used in the catalytic burner for cleaning exhaust gases, in a CO oxidation stage for the selective CO removal in a hydrogen-containing gas mixture stream, in a reformer for reforming a hydrogen-containing medium (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is compact, space-saving and simple.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The inner partial chamber and the outer partial chamber are formed by two coaxially arranged pipes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the apparatus.    reactor (1)    first partial chamber (2)    second partial chamber (3)    boundary wall (6)
NOVELTY - Shape of discharge curve providing discharge of battery over short period of time is obtained by measuring voltage at beginning and end of discharge. Initial and final predicted discharge time is determined for initial and final specific discharge voltages using slope of curve. Final predicted discharge time is corrected using ratio of actual and initial discharge time reading.    USE - For determining discharge time of battery used in vehicles, also used in telecommunication industry.    ADVANTAGE - By monitoring the battery for its remaining capacity, battery shutdown or damages can be prevented. The method involved is simple, quick and cost effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery discharge time predicting system.
NOVELTY - The output of power to load is maintained irrespective of the detection result of overheating cut-off in heat cut-off circuit built in MOSFET when the source voltage is below the regulated value.    USE - For vehicle tail lamp control circuit.    ADVANTAGE - As the output to load is maintained irrespective of drop in source voltage below the regulated value, incorrect judgment of turn-off of lamp is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of vehicle lamp control circuit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Battery is contained inside the battery module (12). The battery box has inlet (21) for intake of air for cooling battery. The discharge port (22) of the air and liquid pool surface (23) are provided near the lower portion of inlet.    USE - In electric power device for cooling batteries used for motor drive electric power unit of electric vehicle etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since discharge port of air and liquid pool space are provided near the lower portion of air inlet, even if air containing sea water, rain water, impurities is introduced, piling up of impurities is prevented and hence rusting of battery and short circuit are prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of battery box and expanded view of air inlet. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Battery module (12)    Inlet (21)    Discharge port (22)    Air and liquid pool surface (23)
NOVELTY - The transistor (TR1) is serially connected to the relay (21a) and 42V power-supply (B1), where the relay is also connected to the 14V power-supply (B2) and motor (25). A CPU (27) increases the ends voltage of the transistor for ON/OFF switching of relay.    USE - For motor vehicle to supply power to load such as motor through transistor and relay.    ADVANTAGE - Enables protecting the transistor by utilizing relay suitable for 14V power-supply without using relay suitable for 42V power-supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit block diagram of power-supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Relay (21a)    Motor (25)    CPU (27)    Power-supplies (B1,B2)    Transistor (TR1)
NOVELTY - Output terminals (D1,D2) of power supply circuit (2) are connected to corresponding input terminals (a1,a2) of noise filter (3) whose output terminals (a3,a4) are respectively connected to input terminal (b1) of noise filter (4) and node (E1). Output terminal (b2) of noise filter (4) and node (E1) are connected to power supply output terminals (S1,S2), respectively.    USE - Noise reduction apparatus for DC-DC converter in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Degradation of noise reduction characteristics of noise filter due to impedance of the apparatus, is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of noise reduction apparatus.    Power supply circuit (2)    Noise filters (3,4)    Input terminals (a1,a2,b1)    Output terminals (a3,a4,b2)    Power supply circuit output terminals (D1,D2)    Node (E1)    Power supply output terminals (S1,S2)
NOVELTY - A light emitting diode (3) emits light based on electric power supplied from a solar battery (5), such that the emitted light is visible from other vehicles.    USE - Light emission reflector attached in rear side of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables improving the visibility from other vehicles even during night, by provision of light emitting diode. Since solar battery is used as power source for the LED, space saving and power saving are attained. The light emission reflector can be simply attached to vehicle, without damaging the car body.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the reflector.    Light emitting diode (3)    Solar battery (5)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (12) has upper and lower end plate assembly (14) with fuel cell interposed between upper (26) and lower end plate assemblies and uses end plate to clamp (18) fuel cell and several discrete force exerting devices in the end plate selectively moveable relative to the end plate in an axial direction transverse to the general plane of the end plate. A holder maintains each force exerting device.    USE - As a electrochemical fuel cell stack compression method and apparatus having upper and lower end plate assembly with fuel cell interposed between the upper and lower end plate assemblies.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Independent claims describe an electrochemical fuel cell stack and a method of reducing the thickness and weight of the end plates.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the fuel cell stack.    the fuel cell (12)    the plate assembly (14)    the upper end plate (26)    the clamping mechanism (18)
NOVELTY - Apparatus for heating and reaction at least one medium, especially vaporizer, reactor and/or heat exchanger with stacked layers of compressed catalyst material, has means of dividing the stack into a number of functional zones.    USE - For gas generating systems for fuel cell systems containing various components operating at different temperature levels and in a given sequence, especially in mobile systems, such as fuel cell vehicles, e.g. for hydrogen generation from methanol and water.    ADVANTAGE - The stack has a high degree of integration and the low total mass of the hot zone reduces the energy needed for cold starting. The compact form of the hot zone facilitates thermal insulation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic side view, partly cut-out, of one form of the apparatus.    Bottom end plate (1)    Top end plate (2)    Functional unit (3)    Functional layers (3a)    Tie rod system (5)    Insulating plates (6)    Educt ducts (20, 21)    Product duct (22)
NOVELTY - Periodic reactivation of catalyst material (I) containing copper, comprises treating with a gas stream (II) containing oxygen. Treatment is carried out intermittently at the reactor operating temperature (Tr), with intervening cooling phases, and stopped at the latest when the monitored temperature of (I) exceeds a maximum at a predeterminable tolerance value above Tr.    USE - Catalyst (I) is useful e.g. in reactors for producing hydrogen in fuel cell vehicles by partial oxidation of methanol etc. and/or steam reforming.    ADVANTAGE - The process allows relatively simple and effective reactivation of (I) during normal operation, making it especially suitable for mobile use, e.g. in fuel cell vehicles, without significantly impairing the drive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In periodic reactivation of catalyst material (I) containing copper, which is used in catalytic oxidation and/or reforming of a hydrocarbon (derivative) charge and gradually deactivated by reaction, treatment with a gas stream (II) containing oxygen is carried out intermittently at the reactor operating temperature, at intervals separated by cooling phases, and stopped at the latest when the monitored temperature of (I) exceeds a maximum value at a predeterminable tolerance value above the operating temperature.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for periodic reactivation of (I), especially in this way, in which : (a) ; (b)
NOVELTY - The sunshade (1) has a pivotal bearing and an opening for a flat component, the solar modules, at least one energy storage device for charged by the solar modules and at least one plug connector for delivering the stored energy. Mirrored light collectors in the sunshade have a light collection surface facing outwards with the shade hinged down and pass light collected internally to the edges to be incident on at least one solar module.    USE - For providing shade and converting solar power into electrical form.    ADVANTAGE - Practically excludes injury to vehicle occupants and maintains an essentially constant level of extracted energy without significantly changing the usual design.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a vehicle with sunshades hinged down    sunshades (1)    .
NOVELTY - Switch (26) coupled to a power source is controlled by a controller (22). The controller opens or closes the switch based on provided instructions. The controller and the switch manage the power generated by the power source.    USE - For use in truck tractors, boats, satellites, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Increase of performance and reliability of the power supply is achieved by controlling the switches which are coupled to the power source, by the controller based on instruction provided to the controller.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Method for managing power in a device with a power source;    (b) Method for controlling power generation in a device with a power source    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of an intelligent power management system.    Controller (22)    Switch (26)
NOVELTY - A chemical transformation device for processing chemical compositions that provides an efficient, robust operation, using catalyst compositions in an electric field    USE - The process is useful for producing a variety of products from raw materials, especially those containing reversible or irreversible poisoning species    ADVANTAGE - The process is particularly useful for applications that require high temperatures or heavy equipment due to high pressures during reaction or excessive volumes    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogen or another product, is manufactured by:    (a) pre-treating a feed composition to alter its chemical, electrical, thermal or mechanical state;    (b) passing the product obtained over an electrically-activated catalyst to transform it, and    (c) post-treating the composition obtained to alter its state to form the final product.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a system for performing catalytic reactions comprising the pre-treatment step, catalyst, and post-treatment;    (2) a modification of a composite substance from 2 or more component substances in a nano-material form that are placed near each other so they share interfacial areas, and inducing an electromagnetic field inside the composite substance formed; and    (3) production of a useful product from a raw material, and a catalyst.
NOVELTY - The drive priority of engine, fuel cell and battery is set for driving vehicle-mounted auxiliary machines, when ignition switch is turned ON. Based on the set priority, drive of the auxiliary machine is controlled.    USE - For driving vehicle mounted auxiliary machines like air conditioner, power steering apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - As priority for operating each energy source is set appropriately, energy sources can be used properly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hybrid vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The negative plate of capacitor has a polarizable electrode containing carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous material has a characteristic which satisfies the condition that electric current value measured at the instant of stepping immersion potential upto +50 mV is 10% or less than maximum electric current value.    USE - For e.g. back-up electric power unit for vehicles and standby electric power unit.    ADVANTAGE - Since the carbonaceous material of the polarizable electrode has specified characteristic, the carbonaceous material is evaluated electrochemically without assembling electrical double layer capacitor. Since the capacitance is made large, a high output electrical double layer capacitor is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrode material which is used as principal component for positive electrode and negative plate. The negative plate has a polarizable electrode containing carbonaceous material which has the characteristic satisfying the condition that the electric current value measured at the instant of stepping immersion potential upto +50 mV is 10% or less than the maximum electric current value.
NOVELTY - Several rod-shaped battery modules (1) are arranged closely inside container (3). The heat pipes (5) are arranged along wall surface of container, for transmitting heat released from battery modules to outside. A heat insulating material is coated on outer surface of container.    USE - Battery pack for vehicles such as power-assisted bicycle, two-wheelers, electrical driven type wheel chairs.    ADVANTAGE - Since heat released from battery modules is transmitted out through heat pipes, temperature difference between each battery module is restrained effectively, thus simple structure and stable temperature are maintained and improved battery characteristic is attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic structure of battery pack.    Battery module (1)    Container (3)    Heat pipe (5)
NOVELTY - A voltmeter (3) measures discharge voltage (Vi) of battery (1) at initial stage and discharge rate (Ei) for period (T1) and discharge voltage at time (T2), where T2 is greater than T1. An estimation unit (7) determines differential voltage (DELTAV), based on two measured voltage values, and determines discharge time of remaining charges depending on the differential voltage and the rate of discharge.    USE - For estimating discharge time of remaining charges in battery used in electric vehicle, solar power generation, uninterrupted power supply application.    ADVANTAGE - The battery discharge time can be estimated from the prior discharge rate and voltage values, hence collection of reduction data is not necessary, hence estimation is easier and also can be performed periodically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Battery discharge time estimation method;    (b) Battery discharge capacity estimation apparatus;    (c) Battery discharge capacity estimation method    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the battery discharge time estimator. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Battery (1)    Voltmeter (3)    Estimation unit (7)
NOVELTY - Secondary battery negative electrode plate is manufactured by passing a thin plate-like porous core material between pair of reduction rolls. Hydrogen occlusion alloy powder is supplied to the surface of the core material and hot rolling is performed. The hydrogen occlusion alloy powder is fixed to both sides of the core material by sintering.    USE - Nickel hydrogen battery for electric vehicle and nickel cadmium hydrogen battery.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occlusion alloy powder is firmly fixed to the core material and electrode plate without using any organic binder. The process enables formation of a favorable electroconductive network on the electrode. Potassium hydroxide electrolyte can be easily passed through gaps between particles of hydrogen occlusion alloy powder. The diffusion rate of hydrogen ion is improved.
NOVELTY - A lithium secondary battery consists of a first active material consisting of at least one kind selected from a carbon material, Sn, an Sn alloy, an Sn oxide, Al, an Al alloy, Pb, a Pb alloy, Si, and an Si alloy; and a second active material consisting of a lithium nitride..    USE - Useful in a portable telephone set, a personal computer, and a power source for an electric automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Retention occurring to a negative electrode is efficiently relaxed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lithium nitride composition formula is Li3-x Mx N, where M is at least one transition metal. O less than x less than or equals 0.7.
NOVELTY - A collector foil exposure section (10) without active material coated, is provided along one edge of winding cross direction of anode and cathode foils coated with respective active material. By turning the exposure section to winding axial center and folding it up, the anode and cathode foils are wound through separator (2).    USE - In e.g electrical double-layered capacitor or lithium ion secondary battery used for regenerative braking energy storage device of electric power unit for engine igniters of gasoline automobile, electric vehicle, hybrid motor vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Excels in mechanical reliability according to low resistance and high collector efficiency, by minimizing danger of short circuit between anode and cathode foils.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows disassembling isometric view of electrical energy storage element.    Separator (2)    Collector foil exposure section (10)
NOVELTY - The supply system comprises hydrogen reservoir which includes primary and secondary storage chambers (151,152) with hydrogen occlusion materials. The chamber (151) has high occlusion property material while the secondary chamber has higher release property material. When the amount of hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell (2) by the modifier is not sufficient, the demand is compensated by the chamber (152).    USE - For fuel cell used in power generation, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of hydrogen storage chamber, ensures quick starting of fuel cell and reliable and stable running of fuel cell. Provision of hygrostat ensures reliable humidification and dehumidification of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - After performing dehumidification, hydrogen is stored in the primary storage chamber. Subsequently, release of hydrogen is carried out to secondary chamber. The hydrogen is humidified before releasing to secondary chamber (152). The hygrostats using hydrogen as fuel, perform humidification and dehumidification. One hygrostat is used where water content in hydrogen is less.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of hydrogen supply system.    Fuel cell (2)    Primary and secondary storage chambers (151,152)
NOVELTY - Operating a fuel cell (10) having an anode passage comprises: collecting purged hydrogen from the anode passage (16); directing the hydrogen to a hydrogen storage media (30); and purging the media of hydrogen to enable additional hydrogen to be stored by the media.    USE - For operating fuel cell vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Purged hydrogen is stored to a hydrogen trap at park or slow speed conditions and vented at higher speeds.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Process - After the collecting step and before the directing step, the process also comprises: directing hydrogen to a valve; and operating the valve to direct the hydrogen to the hydrogen storage media. A monitoring step can be applied to monitor the ambient conditions surrounding the fuel cell, which monitors the speed of a vehicle containing the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell with a hydrogen storage container.    fuel cell (10)    anode passage (16)    hydrogen storage media (30)
NOVELTY - A lid (4) integrally closes the upper ends of the prismatic cell cases (3) accommodating positive electrode plates (18), separator (20) and negative electrode plates (19) stacked alternately upon one another, parallel to the long lateral walls of the cell cases. Rechargeable cells (6) are connected in series at their opposite lateral ends.    USE - E.g. nickel metal hydride battery for electric vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Provides compact battery module, since the cells accommodate a group of electrode plates stacked parallel to the long lateral walls of the cell cases, and the neighboring cells are mutually connected in series at the opposite ends of the long lateral walls. The battery is cooled as a whole along the lateral walls of the integral battery case formed as one continuous plane, so that each of cells constituting the battery module is uniformly and efficiently cooled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the external perspective view of battery module.    Prismatic cell cases (3)    Lid (4)    Rechargeable cells (6)
NOVELTY - The abnormal cell detection apparatus (100) for a battery (10) with series connected blocks (10A) of cells (10B), uses block voltage detection sections (2), current sensor (3) and charging apparatus (1). A central processing unit (4) detects an abnormal cell based on signals from the block voltage detection sections and the current sensor.    USE - Provides an improved abnormal cell detection apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a detection method which distinguishes individual faulty cells based on determination of cell internal resistance increase, and is independent of unevenness in cell capacity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a structural diagram of the abnormal cell detection apparatus.    Charging apparatus (1)    Block voltage detection sections (2)    Sensor (3)    Central processing unit (4)    Battery (10)    Blocks (10A)    Cells (10B)    Abnormal cell detection apparatus (100)
NOVELTY - A procedure for the secure coupling of an external voltage network to an operating voltage network, especially of a car, is described. At least one switch unit with at least one controllable switch is located between the operating voltage network and a terminal clamp. The switch is connected with a control apparatus. The terminal clamp is set up for the connection of the external voltage network. The procedure has the following features: - measurement of the voltage at the terminal clamp; - testing whether the measured voltage does not lie below a lower threshold or above an upper threshold; - closing the controllable switch if the measured voltage lies in the permitted range; - measurement of the current flowing between the terminal clamp and the operating voltage network; - testing whether the current does not lie below a lower threshold; and - opening the controllable switch(es) when the current lies outside the permitted range.    USE - for secure coupling of external voltage network to operating voltage network, especially of car    ADVANTAGE - prevents damage to the voltage networks
NOVELTY - A procedure for the secure coupling of an external voltage network to an operating voltage network, especially of a car, is described. A switch unit with at least one controllable switch is located between the operating voltage network and a terminal clamp. The switch is connected with a control apparatus. The terminal clamp is set up for the connection of the external voltage network. The procedure has the following features: - generation of a pulse-shaped voltage at the terminal clamp at least with open switch(es); - measurement in the pulse pauses of the voltage of the connected external voltage network lying at the terminal clamp; - comparison of the measured values with the voltage(s) of the operating voltage network; and - control of the switch unit on the basis of the results of the comparison.    USE - for secure coupling of external voltage network to operating voltage network, especially of car    ADVANTAGE - prevents damage to the voltage networks
NOVELTY - A battery clamp (1) comprises an axially extendible and retractable elongated assembly. The elongated assembly has head with radial socket (30) arranged to receive a complimentarily shaped tool which is operable to cause axial rotation of the elongated assembly. A split ring clamp (2), is co-operable with battery terminal and assembly is operable to urge the flanges towards and away from each other.    USE - In automotive and marine applications.    ADVANTAGE - The battery clamp is conveniently securable to or removable from battery terminal post without requiring the use of spanner and it provides self lubrication of the interface between the terminal post and the battery clamp.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery clamp comprises a split ring clamp having elongate assembly operable to selectively urge the flanges towards two outwardly directed flanges and elongated assembly which is securable at an end to outwardly projecting flange of the split ring and has receiving formation to receive another flange.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of battery clamp.    Battery clamp (1)    Split ring clamp (2)    Radial socket (30)
NOVELTY - The battery (3) is hydraulically connected to water storage tank (9) by parallel inlet and outlet tubes (15,17) respectively. The inlet tube has a one way valve to permit water flow during recharging and the outlet tube is arranged to collect bubbles which flows to the storage tank due to pressure build-up in batteries, causing flow of water through manifold (11) and hydraulic circuit during recharging.    USE - For battery powered mobile utility vehicles like golf carts, to fill water into the batteries for replenishing electrolytic cells.    ADVANTAGE - Onboard water supply system requires no separate water hook-up steps to fill water, since the entire arrangement is placed on the vehicle and the water is filled automatically.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the battery arrangement and water feed system.    Battery (3)    Water storage tank (9)    Manifold (11)    Inlet and outlet tubes (15,17)
NOVELTY - Laminate type polymer electrolyte battery consists of laminate electrode group comprising polymer electrolyte layer interposed between anode and cathode provided within outer cladding unit (4) containing metallic foil. A short circuit formation and heat release promotion member (30) was provided to surface(s) of outer cladding unit.    USE - Electric power unit for portable electronic machines, electric vehicles and load levelers.    ADVANTAGE - The battery resists ignition due to short circuit caused by nail pricking or crushing under pressure and so is safe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Anode consists of anode collector interposed between anode mixed layers and cathode consists of cathode collector interposed between cathode layers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows laminate type polymer electrolyte battery.    Outer cladding body (4)    Short-circuit formation and heat release promotion unit (30)
NOVELTY - Laminated type battery comprises short circuit formation and heat release promotion unit (30) having metal plates (31,32) which are two sheets of electrode separated by an insulator (31). Unit (30) is provided at the outermost surface of electrode laminate. Outermost electrode layer of unit (30) has thickness of 30 mm or more. Unit (30) is connected to lead parts (32a,33a) of different polar electrode.    USE - Electrical power units such as portable electronic machine and electric vehicle for load leveling.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of smoke and ignition of the battery due to short circuit are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery has polymer electrolyte layer between positive and negative electrodes with outer cladding unit (4) having metallic foil covering the electrodes. Positive electrode comprises anode mix layer on surface(s) of positive electrode collector. Negative plate comprises negative plate mixture layer on surface(s) of negative plate collector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows section of laminated type polymer electrolyte battery.    Outer cladding unit (4)    Heat release promotion unit (30)    Metal plates (31,32)    Lead parts (32a,33a)
NOVELTY - The battery has polymer electrolyte layer between positive and negative electrodes with outer cladding unit (4) having metallic foil covering the electrodes. Outermost layer of electrode in electrode collector has thickness of 30 mm or more. Battery has lead part (2c) of same polar electrode as the electrode collector. Polar electrode terminal and metallic foil of thickness 30 microns or more are connected.    USE - Electrical power units such as portable electronic machine and electric vehicle for load leveling.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of smoke and ignition of the battery due to short circuit are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Positive electrode comprises anode mix layer on surface(s) of positive electrode collector. Negative plate comprises negative plate mixture layer on surface(s) of negative plate collector. Electrode mixture layer is not formed in the outermost surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows laminated type polymer electrolyte battery.    Lead part (2c)    Outer cladding unit (4)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell electricity generation system has fuel cell (7) equipped with thermally stable polymer film (12) containing phosphoric acid as proton conducting medium. Hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell which is then operated at 200 degrees C. A cooling unit (C) is provided for cooling the fuel cell immediately after shutdown.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell electricity generation system is capable of vehicle mounted use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell electricity generation system. (The drawing includes non-English language text.)    fuel cell (7)    polymer film (12)    cooling unit (C)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell electricity generation system (1) has fuel cell (7) equipped with thermally stable polymer film containing phosphoric acid as proton conducting medium and a PTC heater (H) for rising temperature of the fuel cell before operating it. Raw material fuels to be modified such as gasoline and alcohol containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen are supplied to fuel cell and fuel cell is operated at 200 degrees C.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell generating system is capable of vehicle mounted use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell electricity generating system. (Drawing includes non-English text).    Fuel cell electricity generation system (1)    Fuel cell (7)    PTC element (H)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell electricity generation system has fuel cell (7) equipped with thermally stable polymer film (12) containing phosphoric acid as proton conducting medium. Raw material fuels to be modified such as alcohol and gasoline continuing hydrogen and carbon-monoxide are supplied and cell is operated at 200 degrees C.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell electricity generation system is capable of vehicle mounted use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel cell electricity generation system.    Fuel cell (7)    Thermally stable polymer film (12)
NOVELTY - The lithium secondary battery has lithium transition metal complex oxide as positive electrode active material, carbon material which can de intercalate lithium as cathode active material and a non-aqueous electrolyte containing non-aqueous solvent. Cathode active material surface is coated with lithium carbonate microparticle of submicron order.    USE - For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The lithium secondary battery has improved charging and discharging characteristics. The battery has high discharge capacitance maintenance factor. The negative electrode active material which consists of carbon material can be used stably for long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for lithium secondary battery manufacture.
NOVELTY - A flat soft backing member (11) (made of polyurethane resin) is fixed to a base plate (9) through an adhesive (10a). A substrate (workpiece) (1) is fixed to the base plate through an adhesive (10b). A through-hole (6) is formed on the desired processing part of substrate using sand blast process. The non-processed part of the substrate is covered with a mask material (8).    USE - The method is used for processing substrate such as jig used for assembling semiconductor, and for separator of fuel cells used for portable electric power unit of electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - During formation of through-hole by sand blast, the shock by injection pressure of bead with respect to substrate is absorbed and buffered by soft backing member. The generation of crack on the wall surface of hole by collision of bead, is prevented. Thus, the through-hole is formed with high precision in the substrate, without burr generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a processing method of the substrate.    Substrate (workpiece) (1)    Through-hole (6)    Mask material (8)    Base plate (9)    Adhesives (10a, 10b)    Flat soft backing member (11)
NOVELTY - The method involves masking the workpiece (1) except the base groove formation part. A flat soft backing member (16) fixed to base plate (14) using adhesive (15a) is bonded to the workpiece using adhesive (15b). Base grooves (4, 7) are formed on workpiece by sand blasting.    USE - The method is used for processing of flat workpiece such as jig used for assembly of substrate and semiconductor in a separator for fuel cells used in portable electric power unit or electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Fraction of defects is reduced. A fine groove is formed with high precision on flat workpiece.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of flat workpiece processing.    Workpiece (1)    Base grooves (4, 7)    Base plate (14)    Adhesives (15a, 15b)    Flat soft backing member (16)
NOVELTY - The electric power unit vehicle has panels (17-19) mounted such that the position of the outer wall panels (12,14) are changed to face the solar light hitting direction. The electrical power generation device has fuel cell using hydrogen and oxygen generated by water electrolysis tank. The control apparatus supplies electricity generated by solar panels to at least the water electrolysis tank.    USE - Self-driving type vehicles used during calamities.    ADVANTAGE - The exhaust gas generated in electricity generation plant which causes bad smell, noise, etc., is prevented. The electric power unit vehicle moves to destination such as the calamity suffering ground under bad weather conditions. The light receiving surface of solar panel is protected from rain, wind, etc., by folding the outer panels. The panel mountings are provided with lift mechanism which raises outer wall panel, so as to use in even difficult places like narrow valleys. A space is formed between outer wall panels in vertical or horizontal direction. When wind passes through this space, outer wall panel is cooled, which prevents the temperature rise of solar panel. The electricity generation efficiency of solar panel is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vehicle has panel structure consisting of side panels (12,14) and top panel (13). The side panels are openable in the shape of a wing. The outer panel structure position is changeable to suit the direction of solar light.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation, top view and side view of electric power unit vehicle.    Panels (12-14,17-19)
NOVELTY - The cathode plate (1) has a plate-shaped core material (3) containing expanded metal and provided with several through holes (2). Hydrogen occlusion alloy powder (4) is fixed on both sides of the core material.    USE - E.g. for nickel cadmium type for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The diffusion rate of hydrogen ion is improved. The contact area of core material and hydrogen occlusion alloy power is secured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of cathode plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows section of cathode plate.    Cathode plate (1)    Through holes (2)    Plate-shaped core material (3)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy powder (4)
NOVELTY - A photocatalyst consists of soot containing fullerene of formula Cn, where n is a integer to form a spherical geometrical carbon compound. The photocatalyst is used for decomposing organic compound containing hydrogen atom and an atom with lone pair of electron by photoirradiation.    USE - Used in fuel cell (claimed) for decomposing organic compound, e.g. methanol, ethanol, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, formic acid or acetic acid (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organic compound is decomposed using photocatalyst under normal temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) Photolysis; and (ii) Fuel cell which consists of laminate structure containing cathode, electrolyte and anode. The degradation of organic compound is performed by photoirradiating it in presence of photocatalyst. The hydrogen formed due to decomposition, is supplied to cathode.
NOVELTY - Battery power indicator (42) is disposed on post (23) supporting the seat (30). Indicator is disposed on an inclined face locating at upper portion of battery. The indicator is located around the outer periphery of seat along one of the bicycle sides or to rear side of bicycle.    USE - For power assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates the rider to notify the power stored in the battery as the indicator is disposed on post supporting seat and on inclined face located at upper portion of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of a power assisted bicycle.    Post (23)    Seat (30)    Battery power indicator (42)
NOVELTY - A sealed battery pack comprises a number of serially disposed cells (2) housed in a cooling box (3), and the top openings in the cooling box and the openings in the various cell cases of the cells are sealed by integrating lids (4, 5). Coolant passages (21) on both sides between the side surfaces of the cells and the side walls on both sides of the cooling box in the cell arrangement direction, and coolant passages (18) between the cases of the cells are formed so as to communicate with each other, so that all of the side surfaces of the cells are forcibly cooled by a coolant.    USE - E.g. for electric vehicle..    ADVANTAGE - Cells can be effectively cooled and good sealing can be ensured with simple sealing and joining process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded oblique view of the sealed battery pack.    cells (2)    cooling box (3)    lids (4,5)    coolant passages (18,21)
NOVELTY - The high temperature prevention device uses a solar generator (1) connected to a converter (2) that provides a suitable voltage supply to drive a blower (4). A temperature detector (3) detects the temperature inside the vehicle and switches on a blower when the temperature reaches a predetermined value. The blower (4) expels room air of the car to the outside when the temperature detector detects the temperature equal to or higher than a set value.    USE - To ensure that interior temperature is the same as ambient temperature.    ADVANTAGE - Fully automatic, does not use vehicle battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for reducing the temperature in a vehicle interior.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the air circulation device.    Solar battery (1)    Converter (2)    Temperature detector (3)    Blower (4)
NOVELTY - The converter has at least one half-bridge containing. at least one high-side and one low-side switch with a defined number of switches with a common connection connected to the arrangement for generating the electrical energy and a capacitor in parallel with the half bridge. The switches are driven with an offset wrt. each other    USE - For converting electrical energy, especially. for a vehicle on-board network.    ADVANTAGE - The value and size of the intermediate capacitor or input capacitor is considerably reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a full three-phase converter for a three-phase generator with 3 identical half-bridges.
NOVELTY - The permit (1) has a mini-solar cell (2) power source with a power storage device for several hours operation that receives a charge sufficient for long-term or short-term operation of the radio signal from the permit from solar power (5) or daylight or another light source (7) to enable transmission of toll or other information to a radio receiver (4) .    USE - For transmitting a signal enabling a recording station to record whether a fee has been paid..    ADVANTAGE - Enables rapid detection of drivers who have not paid a fee or toll.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional perspective exploded block diagram representation of a (Drawing includes non-English text).    permit (1)    mini-solar cell (2)    solar power (5)    alternative light source (7)    radio receiver (4)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system (10) comprises first and second fuel cell stacks (12,14), in which directions of a positive electrode and a negative electrode of adjoining terminal electrodes are set to be opposite one another. First and second connecting plates (106,182) are incorporated at ends on an identical side of the first and second fuel cell stacks. The connecting plate sections are electrically connected by flexible strand wires (186a,186b).    USE - Vehicle battery fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Flexible wires make it possible to reliably avoid any action of stress which would be otherwise caused by vibration or the like at a connecting points between parallel fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The connecting plate sections are provided to extend from the first and second conductive plates closely to one another under the first and second fuel cell stacks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the lower side of the fuel cell system.    fuel cell system (10)    fuel cell stacks (12,14)    connecting plates (106,182)    flexible strand wires (186a,186b)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide sensor comprises a waveguide including two sealable ends, an entrance and an exit for the test gas and defining an infra-red spectroscopic chamber with reflective inner wall; and infra-red source disposed on one end of the chamber; an infra-red detector disposed at the other end of the chamber.    USE - The sensors are applicable in detecting trace carbon monoxide in reformed gas supplied to fuel cells e.g. in electric cars.    ADVANTAGE - Such sensors have accuracy even in the presence of high concentration of carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A narrow band-pass filter arranged near to the detector and between the sensor and the light source which can eliminate overlapping with absorption bands of carbon dioxide; and a limiting means for preventing the filter from receiving infra-red ray at angles of incidence greater than a predetermined angle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Cross-sectional view of a carbon monoxide sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbon monoxide sensor (10)    waveguide (12)    infra-red spectroscopic chamber (18)    entrance (20)    exit (22)    infra-red source (24)    infra-red detector (26)    filter (30)
NOVELTY - A fluid motor (12) drives generator (18) which is electrically connected to storage device (32). The output of the generated is supplied to DC/DC converter (24) which supplies portion of output to storage device. Another portion of output is supplied to DC-DC converter (30) which in turn supplies constant voltage to load.    USE - For generating electrical power utilized on board rail car, tractor-trailer, airplane, watercraft to control pneumatic brakes, sensing for diagnostics, communications GPS functions using pressurized fluid supply.    ADVANTAGE - Energy in excess of that needed by load is stored by energy storage device, when storage device is fully charged. Pressurized fluid supply is turned off and energy storage device supplies power to load. As a result fluid motor is not continuously run thereby increasing overall elapsed lifetime of fluid motor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric power providing system using pressurized fluid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of power system.    Fluid motor (12)    Generator (18)    DC/DC converters (24,30)    Storage device (32)
NOVELTY - The housing has upper portion (11a) and lower portion, in which the lower portion has a recess (12) to receive battery terminal post (13) in primary zone. A lever (14) carried by the housing is pivoted relative to upper portion of housing and the recess. A lever top is spaced directly above the uppermost extend of zone in one position of lever, to conceal and protect the zone.    USE - For vehicles such as automobiles and trucks.    ADVANTAGE - Provides lever controlled battery terminal structure resulting in mechanical advantage of connection. Enables highly protected and safe coverage of the clamped battery terminal post, with over-center lever clamping action in which the lever handle combines with the housing to cover and protect the point or points of post clamping arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the elevation of lever controlled battery terminal.    Upper portion (11a)    Recess (12)    Battery terminal post (13)    Lever (14)
NOVELTY - A voltage sensor (5) is connected to power supply line (3) between battery (1) and load (11). When sensor detects that voltage of power supply line exceeds predetermined reference voltage, a controller (13) suitably restrains power supplied to load.    USE - For electrical equipment in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since controller suitably restrains the power supplied to load, energy consumption is attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows block diagram of the power supply apparatus for motor vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Battery (1)    Power supply line (3)    Voltage sensor (5)    AC dynamo (7)    Load (11)    Power supply control section (13)
NOVELTY - Battery (123) is fixed to the vehicle body by a frame (118). Fuses (104a) and relays (102a) for power supply circuit, are provided in a switchgear box (103) fixed on the battery frame. Only the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the switchgear in the box.    USE - For electrical installation such as head lamp, starter motor in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Does not require harness to connect battery to switchgear box and requires less space for installing switchgear box.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of the battery and switchgear box for power supply.    Relay (102a)    Switch gear box (103)    Fuse (104a)    Frame (118)    Battery (123)
NOVELTY - The upper limit for battery charge is set beyond a predetermined limit. The battery output is controlled to satisfy the electric output requirement from the electric motor, based on charging level of battery unit (6). When the electric output requirement is beyond a predetermined value, the battery discharge is controlled so that battery charge reaches near the predetermined limit.    USE - E.g. motor bicycle, and other small sized vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - High acceleration property is obtained with increased life span of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of hybrid vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Battery unit (6)
NOVELTY - The non-pollution engine consists of a DC motor (10) provided with an armature (12) which is connected to a main gear (17) by revolving shaft, so that rotation drive of bevel gears (20) is performed. The armature of DC motor is rotated by the current from the photovoltaic device (1). The main gear is engaged with bevel gears on one side.    USE - For motor vehicles, airplane, watercraft and machines in factory.    ADVANTAGE - Environment friendly engine with lesser sound is achieved, by avoiding usage of fuel and hence exhaust gases does not pollution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the engine. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Photovoltaic device (1)    DC motor (10)    Armature (12)    Gear (17)    Bevel gear (20)
NOVELTY - The battery case (10) longitudinal walls (2,2') arranged in protruding manner from at least three edges of the four side flat base (1). Mutually opposing handles (5,5') are arranged in the upper end portion of the longitudinal wall (2,2') respectively to hold the battery case (10).    USE - Battery case installed in engine room of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Increases rigidity and thermal insulation effect to the battery by longitudinal wall arrangement. Reduces the size and cost as the battery tray is molded by the plastic material. Improves the shipping and discharging operability of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of battery case. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Flat base (1)    Longitudinal wall (2,2')    Handles (5,5')    Battery case (10)
NOVELTY - A safety valve (7) is arranged between positive and negative electrode terminals (4,4') which are arranged on top of lid (11). Convex portions (6) of same height, are formed between terminals (4,4') and safety valve. A box-type battery jar (10) adjoins with lid, in lower portion. The top of lid bends at right angles from concave portion (3), and extends in straight line.    USE - In motor vehicles, electrical system.    ADVANTAGE - Abolishes the stay of gas into battery, and unevenness of battery temperature. Enables to eject exhaust gas reliably by arranging the cells along horizontal direction. Moreover, space of group battery is reduced and life span is lengthened.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for group battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of control valve type lead battery.    Concave portion (3)    Positive and negative electrode terminals (4,4')    Convex portion (6)    Safety valve (7)    Box-type battery jar (10)    Lid (11)
NOVELTY - Scroll compressor has housing (3) fitted with crankshaft (5). A fixed plate (71) is attached to fixed scroll (7) and secondary blade (91) is attached to movable scroll (9). A partition board (13) is attached to secondary plate. An operating section (A) and drive rotation blocking section are located on two side surfaces of secondary plate.    USE - For fuel battery electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents permeation of foreign material from rotation blocking section to operating section and performs forced cooling due to use of partition board attached to secondary plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section of scroll compressor.    Housing (3)    Crankshaft (5)    Scrolls (7,9)    Partition board (13)    Plate (71)    Blade (91)
NOVELTY - The support structure is provided in an engine room in front portion of vehicle. Battery (10) is supported in a reinforcement beam (6) which is hung between right and left damper bases (3,4) that support damper upper end of suspension device.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Utilizes deadspace between engine and dashboard effectively, thereby preventing enlargement of engine room. Enables arranging battery in a desired position so as to improve weightbalancing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of engine room.    Damper bases (3,4)    Reinforcement beam (6)    Battery (10)
NOVELTY - A single cell consisting of an electrolyte film pinched between a fuel electrode and an oxidizing agent electrode, is laminated on a separator board. Parallel fuel flow-paths and oxidizing agent flow-paths (33) are folded in a zig-zag pattern and provided on the board, between fuel and oxidizing agent supply and discharge ports, respectively.    USE - For use in electric vehicles, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces deviation of in-plane temperature, and reaction distribution, reduces cell resistance and exhibits improved fuel cell performance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the oxidizing agent flow-path of the separator board. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Oxidizing agent flow-path (33)
NOVELTY - The heating apparatus has heater (8) which is rotated by power generated by wind power module (11) having generator (14) and fan (13). The fan rotates during vehicle running condition. The heater receives power even from the solar battery (15) provided to the vehicle's outer surface.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Effective heating of car is achieved by the wind power and solar battery, even when the engine cooling water temperature is low. Since the heater is arranged inside the hot water tank, a fixed quantity of engine cooling water is heated for heating vehicle at early stages. Enhances wide spread application like electric vehicles. When the heating is not necessary, the power generated is transferred to battery, hence best usage of electricity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heater is mounted in the middle of engine cooling water path for releasing heat to the air supplied to the heating core (5) of the air conditioner (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of heating apparatus for motor vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Air conditioner (4)    Heating core (5)    Heater (8)    Wind power module (11)    Fan (13)    Power generator (14)    Solar battery (15)
NOVELTY - The electrical energy storage device has a separator (7) having fine porosity which is impregnated with organic electrolyte containing phosphate and carbonate group organic solvent dissolved with lithium salt. The separator made of material such as polyolefin group resin, having polar group, is provided between anode (3) and cathode (6).    USE - Electrical double layer capacitor used as electric condenser for storing electric power for igniters of gasoline automobile and in lithium ion secondary battery.    ADVANTAGE - The flame retardance of electrical energy storage device is improved. The characteristics of electrical energy storage device are not degraded.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of lithium ion secondary battery.    Anode (3)    Cathode (6)    Separator (7)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system (1) has reformer (4) to form hydrogen (H2) from alcohol and gasoline fuels, gas permselective membrane (9) to purify reformed H2, fuel cell (8) to which purified H2 is supplied and hydrogen reservoir (20) to store purified H2. H2 is released from hydrogen reservoir, during fuel cell start-up and when amount of H2 required by fuel cell exceeds amount of H2 formed by reformer.    USE - E.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction in number of components and weight of fuel cell system are attained. The structure of fuel cell system is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system for electricity generation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell system (1)    Reformer (4)    Fuel cell (8)    Gas permeable membrane (9)    Hydrogen reservoir (20)
NOVELTY - The lead storage battery has a collector (1) which is obtained by casting the dissolved lead alloy using casting mold, followed by rolling at a rate of 10-50%. After rolling, the collector is filled with paste-like active material to obtain a paste type anode board.    USE - Uninterruptible electric power device and motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The durability of lead storage battery is improved by using the rolled collector for paste type anode board. Large industrial value is secured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the production of collector.    Collector (1)
NOVELTY - A lithium composite oxide having layer-form crystal structure forms a positive electrode active material. The positive electrode active material, a conductive material exerting conductivity on the active material, and a binder to couple together the two materials are diffused in a solvent. 0.3 - 3 pts wt, based on 100 pts wt the positive electrode active material, at least bivalent organic acid is mixed in the mixture.    USE - Useful in power sources for a personal computer, a portable telephone set, an electric automobile, and a hybrid electric automobile.    ADVANTAGE - This composition is contributed to stability of battery performance and reduction of a manufacturing cost.
NOVELTY - The lead storage battery has a paste-type cathode plate which is produced by applying paste-like active material containing carbon powder and dodecylbenzenesulfonate to a collector.    USE - Used in uninterruptable electric power device and motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Paste-like cathode active material with less moisture content is provided so the amount of cathode active material per unit volume of cathode plate is increased. The cyclic characteristics of lead storage battery are improved by using the paste-type cathode plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of lead storage battery.
NOVELTY - Through holes (41a,41c) for hydrogen gas or oxygen gas are formed in the thickness direction of the separator (41) as a flow path. Grooves (51,52) for supplying hydrogen gas or oxygen gas to each component of a fuel cell are formed on the side. Gas flow through holes (53) are formed in thickness direction to connect the grooves and the though holes.    USE - For fuel cell applied to battery of e.g. motor vehicle, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Leakage of hydrogen gas or oxygen gas between seal and separator is prevented. Stabilizes operation of reliable fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the fuel cell to which the separator is used.    Separator (41)    Through holes (41a,41c)    Grooves (51,52)    Gas flow through holes (53)
NOVELTY - The carbon film metal matrix is formed by coating carbon fine particles to the surface of metal fiber    USE - For environmental purification such as energy relation, electrode material, fuel cell, secondary battery, electrical double layer, layer capacitor, super capacitor, ion adsorption, harmful gas decomposition degradation adsorption, desorption material, deodorizing, waste water treatment, water-purification, purification for medical treatments and the filter for air cleaning purity.    ADVANTAGE - Manufacturing process is simple and economical. The productivity of carbon thin metal matrix composite is increased. The electrical conductivity of the matrix composite is improved when used as the electrode. The strength of the composite is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the carbon film metal matrix. Metal structure in the form of a film, fiber or fine particles is subjected to electrodeposition with a monomer containing nitrile group. The electrodeposited monomer is subjected to electrolytic polymerization at 500degreesC to form carbon film metal composite.
NOVELTY - Vaporization gas from evaporator (1) is supplied to modifier (4). The modification gas is supplied to the evaporator through an injector, when the liquid fuel supplied to evaporator is evaporated to form vaporization gas, and the mixed gas is supplied to the modifier. The temperature of modification air mixed with the vaporization gas is programmed higher than that of the vaporization gas.    USE - In fuel cell system for electric vehicle which has modifier using mixed gas supply method.    ADVANTAGE - Temperature of the whole catalyst is stabilized and the composition of reformed gas is stable. Complicated control is not needed even when there is rapid load fluctuation. Mixed gas and air are uniformly mixed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Evaporator (1)    Modifier (4)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell laminate (2) and a manifold frame (1a) are joined through a pair of sealing units (6,7). The sealing units are made up of different types of non-vulcanized rubbers having different fluidity, when subjected to vulcanization reaction. The sealing unit having larger fluidity contacts the fuel cell laminate whereas the sealing unit having low fluidity contacts the frame.    USE - For sealing fuel cell manifold.    ADVANTAGE - Since sealing unit having larger fluidity is arranged close with cell laminate, filling of sealing unit in small gap between laminate and frame becomes easy. The sealing method is simplified by using non-vulcanized rubber, hence manufacturing cost of fuel cell is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of fuel cell manifold.    Manifold frame (1a)    Fuel cell laminate (2)    Sealing units (6,7)
NOVELTY - The fuel storage apparatus for electric vehicle, comprises an ion exchange resin cartridge (6) provided in a fuel container (1) which stores methanol.    USE - For electric vehicle comprising fuel cell which uses methanol as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The corrosion of fuel container during storage of methanol (fuel), is prevented by adding a corrosion inhibitor (such as sodium silicate) to the methanol. The formic acid which is the oxidation product of methanol is removed easily using the ion exchange resin. Thus, the degradation of fuel modifier is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel storage apparatus for electric vehicle.    Fuel container (1)    Fuel supply pipe (3)    Circulation flow pipe (4)    Circulating pump (5)    Ion exchange resin cartridge (6)    Ion exchange resin column (7)    Electric conductivity sensor (8)    Control unit (9)
NOVELTY - A rare earth group AB5 type alloy that does not degrade in carbon monoxide at 150-350 degreesC is treated with a liquid content gas in the presence of fluorine or fluorine compound such that a part of B site is substituted by 0.1-1.5 atomic ratio of aluminum.    USE - For hydrogen content gas purification (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Degradation by carbon monoxide during purification is prevented. Occlusion of hydrogen, separation and refining can be carried out at high speed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen content gas purification method.
NOVELTY - The fuel is supplied to the reforming portion of the reformer which contains several heat exchangers. The inlet and outlet of some heat exchangers are connected to the circulation unit. The circulation unit performs the circulation of gas and heat generated by the modification of the supplied fuel.    USE - For vehicles (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The amount of oxygen and hydrogen gas to be supplied to the heat exchanger is controlled effectively. The size of the fuel reformer is minimized and the efficiency of the heat exchanger is increased.
NOVELTY - Sensor module (11) is powered by secondary battery (12) and can radio measurement data via RF circuit antenna combination of transponder (31). Electricity generator (13) charges secondary battery via voltage control device (13b). The generator is driven by eccentric weight coupled rotor (45) via reduction gear train. Turning effort of tire imparts swings to eccentric weight (43) causing it to drive rotor.    USE - Sensors fitted within tire interior monitors local pressure or temperature in real time and keeps vehicle user appraised of the tire/vehicle status.    ADVANTAGE - Leads to durable, compact sized, cost effective unit characterized by long term stability and reliability, hardly needing any maintenance attention.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - No piezoelectric substrates are employed within sensor mechanism (32). Also, additional hardware to cater to a set of extra functions can be added in to mechanism (32). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for sensor module for tires.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of components of electrical power generating device.    Sensor module (11)    Secondary battery (12)    Electricity generator (13)    Voltage control device (13b)    Transponder (31)    Sensor mechanism (32)    Eccentric weight (43)    Rotor (45)
NOVELTY - A lithium secondary battery comprises an electrode body (1) obtained by winding or laminating a positive electrode (2) and a negative electrode (3) via a separator (4), and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution containing a lithium compound as the electrolyte. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution contains water and hydrofluoric acid in a total concentration of 10,000 ppm or less.    USE - Lithium secondary battery for use in an electric automobile or a hybrid electric automobile (claimed), or for use in portable communication appliances, notebook-type personal computers and in the electric power industry for night storage of electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The deterioration of battery properties caused by water and hydrofluoric acid present in the non-aqueous electrolytic solution in the battery is suppressed, and the battery has good cycle property and reliability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the structure of a wound-type electrode body.    Electrode body (1)    Positive electrode (2)    Negative electrode (3)    Separator (4)
NOVELTY - The electronic control system provides command signals to a motor (30) which drives the throttle control. All communications between the accelerator pedal (35), a controller (32) and the motor are via a wireless system.    USE - Vehicle electronic throttle control.    ADVANTAGE - Does not require hard wired connections.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electric motor manipulates a blade (26) which controls the airflow into an opening (24). An electronic controller controls the motor and a feedback system (36) provides position information to the controller. The motor and controller each have a transmitter and receiver. The accelerator pedal has a transmitter to communicate with the controller.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of controlling an electronic throttle control assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic illustration of the throttle assembly.    Throttle opening (24)    Blade (26)    Motor (30)    Controller (32)    Accelerator pedal (35)    Feedback loop (36)
NOVELTY - The wind power generator includes air flow collecting tubes arranged at the lower part of a vehicle and used to produce wind tunnel effect. The inlet sectional area of the collecting tube is larger than its outlet sectional area. An electrical generator is arranged inside the air flow collecting tube or at its outlet interface. The stator of the generator is connected electrically with a power supply device of the vehicle.    USE - For vehicle supplementary energy generation.    ADVANTAGE - Supplies clean energy for and is environmentally-friendly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the wind tunnel type power generator
NOVELTY - Capacitor bank (20) consisting of capacitors (C1-C4) and switches, is charged by power supply (10) at a predetermined current. Voltage monitor (30) monitors charged voltage of capacitors. During charging operation, the capacitors are connected in series and when charged voltage is monitored by the voltage monitor, the capacitor are connected in parallel.    USE - In electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - As charging of capacitors are performed by connecting them in series, charging current is made less. As batteries are connected in parallel when charged battery voltage is monitored, the monitoring circuit consumes less current.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for charging procedure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of charger. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Power supply (10)    Capacitor bank (20)    Voltage monitor (30)    Capacitors (C1-C4)
NOVELTY - The marine energy production apparatus (10) has electrolysis unit which performs electrolysis of sea water using electricity generated by wind power unit, solar-power generator and wave-activated generator arranged on top and bottom of mega float (12) respectively, to produce hydrogen and oxygen gases. Liquefying unit liquefies hydrogen and oxygen gases which are stored in storage unit.    USE - For marine energy production.    ADVANTAGE - The energy existing in marine is efficiently utilized and is stored easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic explanatory drawing of marine energy production apparatus.    Marine energy production apparatus (10)    Mega float (12)
NOVELTY - A bypass pipe (9) supplies exhaust gas from fuel cell stack (1) to combustor (3) which is fitted with a temperature sensor (15). A flow control valve (11) is provided to control exhaust flow into combustor. A controller (19) controls the flow control valve based on preset control parameters, to perform desired gas flow.    USE - The fuel cell system is used for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Electricity generation of fuel cell is improved, since temperature reduction of exhaust gas is prevented by controlling flow control valve based on temperature of exhaust gas ejected from combustor, which maintains need-based optimum ejection from combustor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cell stack (1)    Combustor (3)    Bypass pipe (9)    Flow control valve (11)    Temperature sensor (15)    Controller (19)
NOVELTY - The separator (41) has through-holes (41a,41b) on thickness direction, for flow path of hydrogen and oxygen. Primary groove (51a) at upstream side is connected to through-hole (41a) and secondary groove (51b) at downstream side is connected to through-hole (41b) for exhaust gas outlet. One portion of groove (51b) at downstream side is prolonged to groove (51a).    USE - For fuel cell of battery used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Density distribution of hydrogen and oxygen gases is uniform in formation area, resulting in uniform reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, hence energy transformation is performed effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of separator.    Separator (41)    Through-holes (41a,41b)    Grooves (51a,51b)
NOVELTY - The battery consists of an oxide film formed at the discharge surface of the cathode and a carbonized fiber paper joined to cathode, provided between the electrodes. The electrolyte is obtained using hydrofluoric acid, caustic alkali, an organic acid containing amino acid and starch or other thickener. The oxide film is compressed and is made to absorb by the fiber paper for generating a cell reaction.    USE - For motor vehicle, large-size HEL, plastic toys (all claimed), personal computer etc.    ADVANTAGE - Weight load of the battery is reduced. Manufacture of the battery is economical. Usage of the battery is environmentally safe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery consists of an aluminum alloy as a cathode and a mixture of copper, silver, platinum, gold, silicon, manganese, silver chloride, copper chloride, manganese oxide and other chlorides, as an anode. The paper has capillary tube absorption and electroconductivity. Hydrofluoric acid and caustic alkali were added to an organic acid containing amino acid. Starch or other thickener, is added and heated, to obtain a solution which is used as the electrolyte.
NOVELTY - A HV power supply includes an inverter (100) having an AC output transformer (HVT). The latter has a HV secondary winding (220) and a capacitor (C) connected in parallel with winding (220).    USE - In HV power supply used in microwave ovens for heating and cooking food.    ADVANTAGE - Allows use in vehicles, caravans and the like where AC power supplies are not normally available using an inverter for converting a DC supply, e.g. from an accumulator, into AC at mains voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The constant rotation of a commutator (130) results in an AC flowing in a primary winding (210) of the (HVT), which steps up the effective voltage across the primary winding (210) for driving a magnetron MGT.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (a) a microwave oven    (b) a magnetron driving circuit    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a circuit diagram of a rotary inverter embodying the present invention.    inverter (100)    commutator (130)    primary winding (210)    HV secondary winding (220)    capacitor (C)    AC output transformer (HVT)    magnetron (MGT)
NOVELTY - Cells (6) of a battery module (1) are arranged in a row and the cell cases (3) are formed in prismatic fashion, to each accommodate electrode plate groups (5) together with electrolyte. Connection holes (7) are formed in the cell walls and collector plates (31,32) are connected respectively to the groups of positive and negative electrode plates (18,19), while the connection bosses (33) of the collector plates of adjacent cells are welded to each other to connect the cells.    USE - Connecting rechargeable battery cells in series e.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Low cost construction of module with no danger of electrolyte leakage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a rechargeable battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a partial longitudinal cross-section view of a module    Cells (6)    Module (1)    Cases (3)    Electrode plate groups (5)    Collector plates (31,32)    Connection bosses (33)
NOVELTY - The network supply stage has at least one inductance (3) and an electrical contact device (4,5), coupled to a reference voltage, with a conductive coupling (2) between them. The inductance, the contact device and. or the conductive coupling is incorporated within an insulating carrier (1) providing relative electrical insulation, with an electrical circuit (11) connected to the conductive coupling via a second electrical coupling (12).    USE - The network supply stage is used for automobile electrics.    ADVANTAGE - The network supply stage has a reduced assembly complexity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a compact electrical network supply stage.    Insulating carrier (1)    Conductive coupling (2)    Inductance (3)    Electrical contact device (4,5)    Electrical circuit (11)    Second electrical coupling (12)
NOVELTY - The electrical energy generation method has an electromagnetic transducer (4) attached to a wheel rim (2) of a vehicle wheel, for providing an induced AC voltage during the rotation of the wheel, via the oscillating field provided by interaction of a permanent magnet and the steel reinforcement (3) of the vehicle tire (1).    USE - The energy generation method is used for providing electrical energy for operation of a vehicle onboard electrical load, e.g. a telemetry transmitter.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows a telemetry transmitter to be supplied without requiring a battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a vehicle wheel.    Vehicle tire (1)    Wheel rim (2)    Tire steel reinforcement (3)    Electromagnetic transducer (4)
NOVELTY - The vehicle has two batteries, one (1) supplying the vehicle on-board electrical equipment and a second (6) the hydraulic braking system (7). A control circuit (8) monitors the voltage (UEHB) of the second battery as an indication of its state of charge. As necessary the control circuit then switches in the main battery to contribute to the power required to operate the braking system    USE - For vehicles with electro-hydraulic braking systems    ADVANTAGE - Ensures that adequate power is always available for the braking system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block schematic for an equipment to the present invention.    main supply battery (1)    braking system battery (6)    control circuit (8)    braking system battery voltage (UEHB)
NOVELTY - The circuit has two voltage levels. A generator creates a first voltage, and a voltage changer creates the second voltage from the first voltage.    USE - Especially for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Substantially prevents the occurrence of a short circuit between the two voltage supplies, and damps any short circuit. The circuit also indicates the short circuit and removes it, simultaneously protecting the user supplied with the lower voltage. The circuit reduces the potential difference between both voltages, and following evaluation is able to localize any short circuit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electric circuit includes a facility for short circuit protection, which reduces the risk of a short circuit occurring and/or the resulting effects of a short circuit between the two voltages and in certain cases the user at risk in the event of a short circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram illustrating the multiple voltage on-board electrical circuit with 14 volt and 42 volt levels.    Generator (G)    36 V Battery (B1)    12 V Battery (B2)    DC-DC Converter (W1)    Signal-power distributor (SLV1)    Resistances (R17-R21)    Pulse inverter bridge (PWR)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell is designed so that in the anode circuit (6) a unit (9) is provided for reducing the methanol part, and that the first dosing unit (14,17) is connected with the input section (23) of the anode circuit between this unit (9) and the input of the fuel distribution system at the anode (2). The anode and the cathode (3) are connected with each other across an electric current circuit, by which a variable power is consumed.    USE - Direct fuel cell (DMFC) for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The methanol cross over is kept as small as possible. The methanol concentration in the methanol-water mixture is adjusted at a comparatively low level and matched to power consumption. The methanol concentration is essentially proportional to the power output of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) (1)    Anode (2)    Cathode (3)    Compressor (4)    Condenser (5)    Main circuit (6)    Circulation pump (7)    Cooler (8)    Unit for reducing methanol part (9)    Dosing pumps (14-16)    Storage vessels (17-19)    Input section (23)    Electronic evaluation unit (28)    Vehicle drive motor (25)
NOVELTY - Procedure for determination of the age state of a used battery, by measurement of the capacitance per unit area. A calibration stage is first carried out in which unit area capacitance is determined for a fully charged battery and then a battery at various charges. Once the unit area capacitance has been worked out, the remaining charge of the battery can be determined.    USE - Determination of charge state of a large, greater than 45 Ah, capacity battery. The invention relates particularly to electric vehicles, where the value can be used to determine the remaining range before the battery needs recharging. In addition the procedure can be used to determine if there is a battery error and also if a full charge is required after a number of partial charge cycles.    ADVANTAGE - Measurement of unit area capacitance provides a simple and quick method for determination of remaining charge.
NOVELTY - A power supply unit (8, B1, B2,...,Bn) uses a battery or accumulator. A micro-controller (7) is used for determining a number of the batteries contained in the power supply unit for activation of at least one optional function or programming function of a transmitter. In practice, the programming function may be initiated by opening the battery compartment and removing at least one of the batteries.    USE - In a remote controlled system, particularly for activating vehicle auxiliary equipment such as a vehicle heating device, an air conditioning, a sunroof, an alarm system etc. using a transmitter which has a power supply unit such as a battery or accumulator.    ADVANTAGE - Easily switches between different functional levels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a first embodiment of the invention.    power supply unit (8,B1,B2,...,Bn)    micro-controller (7)
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a fuel cell (12) with an anode and a cathode mounted on both sides of a polymer electrolyte membrane, a feed cooling tube (13) and an outflow cooling tube (14) connected to the fuel cell and a heat output device (15) for cooling the coolant, whereby the feed cooling tube and the outflow cooling tube are connected to the heat output device and the heat output device is mounted at a higher point than the fuel cell and is accessible to external air.    USE - E.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Good coolant circulation is achieved with a simplified and compact construction without requiring a feed device for the coolant so that electric power losses are minimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram representation of a fuel cell device    fuel cell (12)    feed cooling tube (13)    outflow cooling tube (14)    heat output device (15)    .
NOVELTY - A switch (200) is coupled to the power source and to a portion of device. A microcomputer (202) coupled to the switch controls the switch to be opened or closed based on software provided to microcomputer. Microcomputer toggles the switch to produce pulse width modulation, so that initial power step down to desired power is provided to the portion of device.    USE - Satellites, boats, golf carts, truck tractors.    ADVANTAGE - Allows power to different sub-systems to be stepped down hence desired power is provided to sub-system improving operation of sub-system of device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for power managing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of power management module.    Switch (200)    Microcomputer (202)
NOVELTY - Separator boards (39,40) with single cell (6), fuel flow path, oxidizing agent flow path and secondary hole on main surface is inserted along intermediate adapter (60) that has hole (62) to insert shaft (72) in secondary hole. The cells are orderly laminated and unit block (70) is obtained. The shaft is inserted into hole (62) of the adapter, and laminate is tightly bound centering around the shaft.    USE - For fuel cells such as solid polymeric type fuel cell, phosphoric acid type fuel cell used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since laminate is tightly bound centering around the shaft, highly efficient and accurate fuel cell is produced at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The single cell (6) that pinch electrolytic film with fuel electrode and oxidizing agent electrode is obtained. The cell has through hole (45) on the electrode surface. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process diagram of fuel cell manufacturing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Single cell (6)    Separator boards (39,40)    Through hole (45)    Intermediate adapter (60)    Hole (62)    Unit block (70)    Shaft (72)
NOVELTY - Electrochemical element is sealed inside an outer cladding bag (20), which is made of laminate film containing metal layer (41) and insulating resin layer (42). Sealing layer (22) is heat bonded and sealed to the bag. The external terminals (14) are drawn out through the sealing layer. The metal layer of outer cladding bag laminates on the external terminal, and it is covered by the insulating resin layer.    USE - For various electronic products and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves life cycle, high temperature preservation characteristics and short circuit property of battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the battery manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top and side view of battery.    External terminals (14)    Outer cladding bag (20)    Sealing layer (22)    Metal layer (41)    Insulating resin layer (42)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide (CO) removal apparatus has mutually connected reaction containers (11B) containing selective oxidation catalyst. The reaction containers are continuously arranged so that upstream and downstream paths of preceding container are connected respectively to downstream and upstream paths of succeeding container. CO gas and air containing CO are passed into the reaction containers and oxidized.    USE - For fuel cell (claimed) having carbon monoxide removal apparatus and supply path for heating gas.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature difference produced within the container is reduced. The temperature of catalyst is maintained within specific range, thereby improving carbon monoxide removal efficiency. The size of the apparatus is reduced. The durability and electricity generation property of the fuel cell are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of carbon monoxide removal apparatus.    Reaction containers (11A,11B)    Gas passageway (12)    Air inlet (13)    Connection part (14)    Inlets (21,23)    Outlets (22,24)
NOVELTY - A number of positive electrode plates (18) and negative electrode plates (19) are stacked alternately upon one another with intervening separators between them. Collector plates (21, 22) are formed with protruded portions (29) on a surface which is brought in tight contact with respective lateral edges of the positive and negative electrode plates, and heat is applied to the collector plate on an opposite surface of the electrode plates from a non-contact type heat source at several locations in lines along a direction in which the electrode plates are stacked.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - One lateral edge of electrode plate group is securely bonded to collector plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of manufacturing an electrode plate unit for a battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view showing one processing step of welding a collector plate to the electrode plate group.    electrode plates (18,19)    collector plates (21,22)    protruded portions (29)
NOVELTY - A reactor system (1) for reacting a hydrocarbon (derivative) has a reaction chamber (2) containing catalyst, which can be supplied with an educt stream (3) through an inlet (9). There is an electric heater (4) for the catalyst and educt stream, which can be used at least during a start-up phase. The heater is flat and at a level (partly) covering the inlet.    USE - The reactor is useful for reacting a hydrocarbon (derivative) (claimed), e.g. hydrogen generation by reforming methanol or a hydrocarbon, for use in fuel cells for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The system has good cold-start quality.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic side view of a system in the start-up phase.    Reactor system (1)    Reaction chamber (2)    Educt mixture (3)    Heating plate (4)    Educt inlet level (5)    Wires connected to energy supply (6, 6b)    Heated and partly reacted educt mixture (7)    Temperature profile (8)    Inlet (9)
NOVELTY - The battery terminal clamp is produced with a contact ring (16) that fits onto the battery post. An extension has a connecting bolt that screws onto the cable. A pair of projecting arms are formed that are coupled by a stiffening section, and these are engaged to secure the clamp    USE - For road vehicle batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The device is simple and cost effective    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the clamp.    Clamping ring (16)
NOVELTY - Production of a self-supporting layer or layer lying on a substrate comprises forming a pasty composition consisting of a heterogeneous mixture of an organic polymer, its precursors or pre-polymers, a plasticizer and a solvent or swelling agent, and optionally a powdered solid; converting the pasty composition into the required layer shape; vaporizing the solvent or swelling agent and solidifying. The plasticizer is dissolved out of the solidified layer and the cavities produced are filled by dipping into an electrochemically active inorganic liquid which does not dissolve the matrix.    USE - Used in the production of primary batteries, accumulators, low temperature fuel cells, solar cells and electrochemical sensors.    ADVANTAGE - The layer has good conducting properties.
An integrated semiconductor circuit arrangement includes a substrate (2) of a first conductivity type (p), on which are arranged at least one first zone (4) of a second conductivity type (n) for connection of a first supply potential (+U), and at least one second zone (6) of the second conductivity type (n) for connection of a second reference potential (A). A third zone (8) is arranged on the substrate (2) and is of the second conductivity type (n) for connection to an output terminal (A). A fourth zone (10) of the first conductivity type (p) is arranged between the first (4) and third (8) zones on the substrate, and a fifth zone (12) of the first conductivity type (p) is arranged on the substrate between the second (6) and the third (8) zones.    Control electrodes (16,20) are separated from the fourth and fifth zones by insulation layers (18,22) and at least one control electrode (16) is arranged over the fourth zone (10) and at least one control electrode (20) is arranged over the fifth zone (12).    USE -   Vehicles.    ADVANTAGE -   Does not require expensive cooling system.
NOVELTY - The humidifying gas induction system comprises gas stream (102) humidified with the oxygen gas (114). The air oxygen gas stream is in contact with the hydrophilic membrane (116), which is contacted, on the other face with wet exhaust air (106). Water pervaporates across the hydrophilic membrane and humidifies the air or oxygen gas stream before reaching the fuel cell. Optionally the hydrophilic membrane (118) may be used.    USE - For use as a humidifying gas induction or supply system of a fuel cell or for introducing water vapor into engine.    ADVANTAGE - In addition to the fuel and air, chemically inert materials may be introduced into the combustion chamber absorbing heat and generating pressure, meeting both the requirements to optimize the engine efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a motorized vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the gas induction system.    Gas stream (102)    Exhaust air (106)    Oxygen (114)    Hydrophilic membranes (116,118)
NOVELTY - Electromagnetic induction section (K) has primary and secondary coils connected to power source and door (DB), respectively. A connector (1) connected to primary coil facilitates supply of power to the lamp (1a) irrespective of the opening or closing condition of the door. The connector (2) separably attached to the door facilitates power supply to the door lock motor (2a) only when the door is closed.    USE - Electromagnetic induction power supply apparatus for vehicles such as car.    ADVANTAGE - Optimum power supply to the electrical goods is enabled by the provision of rotating and separate expression connector. The freedom of design is improved and the modification becomes simple.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of electromagnetic induction power supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Connectors (1,2)    Lamp (1a)    Door lock motor (2a)    Door (DB)    Electromagnetic induction section (K)
NOVELTY - Cell laminates (1) are interposed between cooling plates (2). Short circuit jigs (5) are fixed to either sides of cell laminate (3) detected to be deteriorated, through fillers (4). The jigs (5) are supported by a shaft (6) with stopper (6a) at one of its end. At the other end of shaft, a spring (8) is provided between nut and one of jig.    USE - For short circuiting deteriorated cell in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - As the spring which is interposed on a shaft presses short circuit jig with cell laminate, long term reliability of fuel cell is obtained. As the time and offset for equipping the spring is simple, the repair period is shortened and cost for repair is reduced sharply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the short circuit structure of fuel cells.    Cell laminates (1,3)    Cooling plates (2)    Fillers (4)    Jigs (5)    Shaft (6)    Stopper (6a)    Spring (8)
NOVELTY - Capacitor group (10) is connected across the battery group (B) through the switches (SW1-SW4) for sample-and-hold, so that voltage across each battery appears across poles of each individual capacitor. A CPU (30) measures the voltage between two poles of predetermined capacitor, when the switch is turned OFF.    USE - For detecting voltage of battery system of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Differences in voltage output of each battery, can be detected with high accuracy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the voltage detector circuit of battery system. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Capacitor group (10)    CPU (30)    Battery group (B)    Switches for sample-and-hold (SW1-SW4)
NOVELTY - A separator (22) is interposed between positive electrode (21) and negative plate (23) to form laminate structure. The structure is wound to form a roll-shaped electrode group. A non-aqueous electrolyte is injected into jar containing the electrode group and provided with the positive and negative terminal leads. A resin sheet (200) is wound with the electrode group to absorb the non-aqueous electrolyte.    USE - In e.g. non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to absorb vibration or shock applied from outside. Prevents position slippage of electrode to avoid generation of winding collapse. Enhances life of battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of electrode laminate structure.    Electrode (21)    Separator (22)    Negative plate (23)    Resin sheet (200)
NOVELTY - An airtight type lead storage battery has a clad type positive electrode board and a paste type negative electrode plate. Metal core (4) and tube (6) of the positive electrode board, have elliptical cross section. The metal core is made from alloy of lead-calcium and tin.    USE - Airtight type lead storage battery for electric vehicles such as forklift truck.    ADVANTAGE - Discharge characteristics and cycle life characteristics of the lead storage battery is excellent. Since number of tubes used for clad type positive electrode board is reduced, cost of battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional model diagram of clad type positive electrode. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Metal core (4)    Tube (6)
NOVELTY - The anode material consists of lithium manganese oxide so that the ratio of intensity of lattice constant values at predetermined lattice planes satisfies the formula beta=537.6x(ao-8.398)x(R2-2.1616xR+1.0955). The value of beta of lithium manganese oxide is greater than or equal to 6, where R' is the intensity ratio.    USE - For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents reduction in operating capacity of battery in normal operating temperature ranges. Enables obtaining battery with heavy current characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of secondary battery.
NOVELTY - The cover has a hole (16) with large and small diameter portions (17,18), respectively and a step (19). A gas exhaust valve (5) between pressure rings, is equipped with disc shaped film (7) which is left open, when valve is installed in hole and when battery internal pressure exceeds predetermined value. An outer screw (83) on the circumference of pressure ring, is screwed to the hole.    USE - For electric power unit of portable electronic machine, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Miniaturization of the gas exhaust valve is materialized by adoption of the gas exhaust valve of pressure opening type. Attaching of gas exhaust valve becomes easy by adoption of the structure by which gas exhaust valve is thrust in to the step of a cover and is fixed. Utilization of the hole with a step for an electrolyte injection is possible. Assembly number of battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of exhaust valve.    Gas exhaust valve (5)    Disc shaped film (7)    Hole (16)    Large and small diameter portions (17,18)    Step (19)    Outer screw (83)
NOVELTY - Catalytic reactor (14) has carrier (13) with honeycomb structure on its main body, for carrying carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst, which oxidizes carbon monoxide in a heating gas and heating unit (15) for cooling and heating main body of catalytic reactor. The catalytic reactor reduces carbon monoxide concentration in heating gas (for fuel cells), formed by steam reforming of hydrocarbon.    USE - The catalytic reactor is used for fuel cells and fuel cell system (claimed), used for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature inside the catalytic reactor can be maintained appropriately. The carrier having honeycomb structure has excellent heat-conducting characteristics, thereby the heat-conducting characteristics of catalytic reactor is increased. Carbon monoxide concentration can be reduced efficiently. Reduction in reaction efficiency and catalyst amount are prevented. Abrasion of catalyst of construction element by vibration is prevented. The heating efficiency of heating unit is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) a carrier used for catalytic reactor; and    (ii) fuel cell system, which comprises hydrocarbon reformer for performing steam reforming of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide remover with catalytic reactor for reducing carbon monoxide concentration in heating gas, obtained from hydrocarbon reformer and fuel cell for generating electricity using heating gas, which is passed through carbon monoxide remover.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire perspective view and top view of catalytic reactor for fuel cells.    Carrier (13)    Catalytic reactor (14)    Heating unit (15)
NOVELTY - The battery has non-aqueous electrolyte containing hydrazine derivative and/or aromatic compound, and anode sheet (1) containing positive electrode active material essentially comprising complex oxide of lithium and transition metal. A metallic foil containing lithium is laminated on cathode sheet (2) through support layer.    USE - The non-aqueous secondary battery is used for portable telephone, personal computer and also for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Non-aqueous secondary battery has high volume.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cathode sheet can occlude lithium and release carbon material.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of non-aqueous secondary battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of cylindrical secondary battery.    Anode sheet (1)    Cathode sheet (2)
NOVELTY - The proton conductor consists of inorganic material. The inorganic material includes hydroxyl group (OH) of 1 weight% or more.    USE - Hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell used for vehicle mounted electric power unit, humidifier and modifier.    ADVANTAGE - The change of characteristic of fuel cell in usage environment is suppressed. The cross-over of the fuel is prevented.
NOVELTY - Resin composition used as fuel cell separator consists of a mixture of (a) a low-melting point metal, (b) a powdered metal, (c) thermoplastic plastics, and (d) a thermoplastic elastomer.    USE - The resin composition is used for a separator for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The use of the low-melting point metal exhibits high conductivity. Molding used for ordinary thermoplastic resins is acceptable. The result eliminates the need for cutting work. The use of the elastomer depresses brittleness. The resulting separator has high conductivity and toughness, and superior productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The content of (a) and (b) is 20-70 percent by capacity for the entire composition. The content of (b) is 10-30 percent by capacity. The content of (d) is 10-100 percent by capacity for (c) and (d).    The low-melting metal (a) consists of an alloy selected from Pb/Sn, Pb/Sn/Bi, Pb/Sn/Ag, Pb/Ag, Sn/Ag, Sn/Bi, Sn/Cu, and Sn/Zn.    The powdered metal (b) consists of Cu, Ni, Al, Cr, and their powdered alloys and has a mean particle diameter of 1-50 microns.    The thermoplastic plastics (c) is selected from a polyolefin-based resin, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin, polycarbonate resin, denatured polyphenylene oxide resin, polyacetal resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, and liquid crystal polymer resin.    The thermoplastic elastomer (d) is selected from an olefin-based elastomer, styrene-based elastomer, vinyl chloride-based elastomer, urethane-based elastomer, ester-based elastomer, and amide-based elastomer.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell separator comprises a conductive material and a resin. At least part of the conductive material is a powdered material made by pulverizing waste of fuel cell separator containing a conductive material and a resin.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The process allows easy recycling of the waste of fuel cell separators having a conductive material and a resin, decreases the industrial waste involving fuel cell separators so improving environmental conditions and saving natural resources, and provides fuel cell separators of uniform and high quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of the fuel cell separator including crushing waste of unbaked fuel cell separator having a conductive material and a resin, supplementing unused conductive material and/or resin to the crushed waste to form a powdered material and molding the powdered material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell separator.
NOVELTY - A solar panel, comprises a transparent panel (10) with a solar cell unit (18) containing crystalline solar cells. Connectors (22) link these to a collector electrode (14). This consists of a coating applied either directly to the panel or to an intermediate coating (12) and is in contact with the connectors on the side which is turned away from the panel    USE - For use in the sun roof of a car.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for producing the panel comprising; (a) forming a collector electrode on a transparent panel by applying a hot melt adhesive layer (16) to an area which includes the electrode; (b) mounting a solar cell unit on the adhesive-coated area; (c) fitting connectors to the electrode through the gaps in the adhesive coating and connecting it to the cell unit; (d) applying a second coating of adhesive (26) over the cell unit; and (e) laminating the device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar panel.    Transparent panel (10)    Intermediate coating (12)    Collector electrode (14)    Layers of hot melt adhesive (16, 26)    Solar cell unit (18)    Connectors (22)
NOVELTY - The electric current generation comprises solar cells producing corresponding current, which needs fuel cells for the production of hydrogen. With the aid of water treatment, the water is split and cleft in the fuel cell, hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen is released into the environment and hydrogen stored in a memory container, with the hydrogen stored around the clock, while the generator produces the electrical power.    USE - For use in current generation using solar cells and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The generated energy is used to power supply a household connected with the hydrogen motor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the power generation.
NOVELTY - A bipolar collector has heat and charge collection contacts extending partially into its main structure and with non-conductive open structures for reactant gas flow homogenization.    USE - Especially as a bipolar collector of a PEM fuel cell e.g. for an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The collector design provides a compromise between minimal ohmic drop, reduced weight, good heat exchange and simplified manufacture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bipolar collector-heat exchanger comprises an electronically and thermally conductive main structure, metallic heat and charge collection contacts distributed uniformly over the electrode surfaces and extending partially into the main structure, and non-conductive open structures for homogenizing gaseous reactant flow. Preferred Features: Each electrode is spaced from the collector surface by studs, the space being filled with a non-conductive open structure, especially a polymer or metal foam. The main structure consists of two parts which may be spaced apart by studs, the space being filled with an open structure metal foam.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the central portion of a bipolar collector-heat exchanger.    electrodes (A,A')    metallic heat and charge collection pins (Bi)    gaseous reactant circulation spaces (D,D')    main structure parts (E,E')    studs for spacing the main structure parts (Ji, J'i)    studs to define gaseous reactant circulation spaces (Li, L'i)    height of space between the main structure parts (K)    distance between pin tips and interior space of main structure (O)
NOVELTY - A shifter (24) receives input from vehicle driver to control an automatic transmission (21). A control unit (23) connected to the shifter and programmed to generate signals to control shifting of the transmission. A stepper motor (26) powered by primary energy and backup energy source, selectively rotates an actuator rod (22) to shift the transmission in response to the signals received from control unit.    USE - For vehicles like passenger vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Permits shift-by-wire shifting systems to be integrated into new vehicles, while utilizing existing transmissions and existing transmission technologies, and thus prevents costly redesign and retooling of existing transmission. Since the shift system can be configured to be attachable to casing of existing transmission with only little or no modification, it can be successfully used even in particularly harsh environments e.g. near exhaust pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of vehicle shift system.    Automatic transmission (21)    Actuator rod (22)    Control unit (23)    Shifter (24)    Stepper motor (26)
NOVELTY - The charge storage device (1) has two opposed electrodes (3,4) disposed within a housing (2). A separator (7) and an electrolyte are disposed intermediate the electrodes. A scavenging agent is disposed within the housing for collecting one or more predetermined contaminants from within the housing.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Has prolonged operational life since contaminants are prevented from entering the housing of the charge storage device. Provides increase to its mean life span. Uses scavenging agent to reduce level of detrimental contaminants. Manufactured with reduced failure rate in a carefully maintained environment to ensure sufficiently low level of contamination occur. Allows continued removal of undesirable substances from housing and from electrolyte. Ensures that ingress of contaminants into housing will not compromise performance of charge storage device during the useful life of the scavenging agent. Has reduced manufacturing cost and maintained operation lifetime. Offers significant range of possible dispositions of collecting agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the charge storage device manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic cross-section of a supercapacitor.    Charge storage device (1)    Housing (2)    Electrodes (3,4)    Separator (7)
NOVELTY - The system includes a divider network (71), memory (48), and a circuit (40,42,44). The divider network is coupled to cells in a fuel cell stack (32) to provide pairs of signals. The memory (48) stores indications (50) of different common mode gains, each associated with one pair of signals. The circuit is coupled to the memory and generates an indication of the terminal voltage of each pair based on the associated common gain indication.    USE - Provides an improved measurement of cell voltages in a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the health of a fuel stack to be monitored.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell monitoring system.    Fuel cell stack (32)    Circuit (40,42,44)    Memory (48)    Memory (48)    Indications (50)    Divider network (71)
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises a fuel fill pocket (52) which is connected with an engine fuel tank by a refueling line. A nozzle (66) which is connected to the fuel filling station, is slidably received by the pocket. A hydrogen input line (68) in filling station is communicably connected with the refueling line (56). The mating ports in the nozzle and the pocket send signals to the controller.    USE - For refueling electrochemical engine in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of filling pocket enables to save packaging space. Provision of door prevents contamination. Insertion of nozzle into pocket prevents misalignment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel filling pocket is provided with a door. A deionize water fill line (58) and input line (70) are respectively provided in the pocket and to nozzle coolant supply also carried out through the nozzle and the pocket. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for refueling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the refilling nozzle and pocket.    fuel fill pocket (52)    Refueling line (56)    Deionize water line (58)    Nozzle (66)    Hydrogen input line (68,70)
NOVELTY - A primary coolant flow circuit (32) extends through radiator (26), fuel cell stack (12) and storage tank (22). When hydrogen retention material stored in tank, is heated to preset temperature, stored hydrogen is released. The cell stack uses released hydrogen, to produce electricity and byproduct. The generated byproduct of cell stack is sent via primary coolant flow path to tank, to heat retention material.    USE - For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The regeneration of hydrogen retention material is possible because it is cooled by coolant. The energy consumption is reduced, because byproduct heat is used to raise temperature of hydrogen retention material. The process becomes self-sustaining.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrochemical engine operation controlling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electrochemical engine.    Fuel cell stack (12)    Storage tank (22)    Radiator (26)    Coolant flow circuit (32)
NOVELTY - The fluid route which is formed by grooves (4) passes heating gas. The grooves (4) of reverse trapezium shape has small width (S1) at opening (4a) in upper stream side of fluid route and its bottom portion (4b) has enlarged width (S2).    USE - For fuel cell used in portable electric power unit and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reaction efficiency is achieved since gas flows in fluid route from upper stream side to down stream side. Easy implementation with weight reduction of substrate is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional expanded view of separator for fuel cell.    Substrate (1)    Surface (1a)    Grooves (4)    Opening (4a)    Bottom portion (4b)    Widths (S1,S2)
NOVELTY - The separator has groove (4) in fluid route along surface (1a) of substrate (1). The groove has small cross-sectional area in upstream side of fluid route which is gradually enlarged from upstream side to downstream side.    USE - Used for portable electric power unit, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Attains improvement in fuel cell performance. Improves reaction efficiency in the whole reaction zone. Weight reduction of board is carried out.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded cross-sectional view of separator for fuel cell.    Substrate (1)    Surface (1a)    Groove (4)
NOVELTY - A catalytic reaction device (11) consists of a porous metal sintered compact carrier (7) which carries carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst (8). The catalyst oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in heating gas (formed by steam reformation of hydrocarbon), thereby reducing concentration of carbon monoxide concentration in the heating gas.    USE - For fuel cells used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Contacting efficiency of heating gas and CO oxidation catalyst is increased. CO is oxidized and removed effectively. Manufacture of catalyst carrier is simple and economic, as the carrier is produced by sintering a metallic material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system. The fuel cell system comprises hydrocarbon reforming part for carrying out steam reforming of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide removal part (4) for reducing concentration of carbon monoxide in the heating gas (10) formed at reforming part. A fuel cell carries out electricity generation using the heating gas and the CO removal part has catalytic reaction device for oxidizing CO contained in heating gas. The catalyst reaction device has porous sintered metal compact carrying CO oxidation catalyst (8).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the catalytic reaction device for fuel cells and its expanded view.    Carbon monoxide removal part (4)    Carrier (7)    CO oxidation catalyst (8)    Catalyst reaction device (11)
NOVELTY - The nickel hydrogen storage battery comprises a separator (3) intervened between collector sheet (2a) of anode (2) and collector sheet (1a) of cathode (1) and immersed in an electrolyte in battery jar. Edge part of the collector boards (6a,6b) is welded to cathode collector sheet. A low resistance area (1A) is formed in cathode collector sheet at non welded edge which is close to collector board (6a).    USE - As power source for electric vehicles e.g. bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - The nickel hydrogen storage battery has high volume and discharging capacity/hour is increased by 5 times compared with conventional battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Positive electrode essentially contains nickel and negative electrode contains hydrogen occlusion alloy. The vent in battery jar is sealed with sealing board (8) equipped with positive electrode terminal (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of nickel hydrogen secondary battery.    Negative electrode (1)    Collector sheet of negative electrode (1a)    Low resistance area of collector sheet (1A)    Positive electrode (2)    Collector sheet of positive electrode (2a)    Separator (3)    Collector boards (6a,6b)    Sealing board (8)    Positive electrode terminal (10)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte salt consisting of a quaternary ammonium salt like tetrafluoro boric acid quaternary ammonium is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent. The total content rate of tertiary amine and tertiary amine salt is less than 2 mmols/kg.    USE - For electrochemical capacitor e.g. electrical double layer capacitor used as object for power in electric vehicle and various electronic machine.    ADVANTAGE - The withstand voltage and long term reliability are improved as content of impurities like tertiary ammonium salt is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of electrical double layer capacitor.
NOVELTY - A reservation unit performs a reserving operation based on the loan time input by a loan reservation unit (9) during an approximated operation.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Secures loan and optimum in-vehicle environment simultaneously. Prevents discharge of battery during air conditioning operation. Provides comfortable in-vehicle space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of an air conditioning controller.    Loan reservation unit (9)
NOVELTY - The voltage converter generates a DC voltage from a supplied DC voltage with reversible effect direction, whereby a transformer is operated on its primary- and secondary side with opposite clocks. A respective middle tap is connected with a first connection (A1, A2) for a respective DC voltage, and further winding connections are connected over respective semiconductor switches (Q1 to Q4) with a second connection for the respective DC voltage. The semiconductor switches are controlled synchronized in pairs.    USE - E.g. in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reduced cost and weight of arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an arrangement according to the invention.    first connection (A1, A2)    semiconductor switches (Q1 to Q4)
NOVELTY - Switching method uses trigger signal generator with n signal outputs coupled to each trigger input to deliver signals to inputs to switch transistors (T1 to T4) from non-conducting to conducting state and vice versa.    USE - For equalizing voltages over capacitors in a series connection of capacitors during charging and discharging. e.g. for traction use.    ADVANTAGE - Total losses can be kept much lower than the losses in existing devices.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows in detail of the invention including four capacitors.    Transistors (T1 - T4)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell charging apparatus has the waste heat used for the heating of accumulators to be found in the system. The water arising in the fuel cell is used for the topping up of the electrolyte level with accumulators found in the system. The cooling of the cells takes place via a heat pipe (1) which is built in between the bipolar plates (2). The cooling of the cells takes place also via a heat pipe which results as a replacement for the end plates (3).    USE - As fuel cell charging apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Power capability of the accumulators can be increased considerably at low temperatures without additional cost    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view of the fuel cell charging apparatus.    heat pipe (1)    bipolar plates (2)    end plates (3)
NOVELTY - A ballast apparatus supplies a manual work lamp which is equipped in changeover fashion with a fluorescent lamp and a low voltage lamp with a stable input voltage from car batteries of different operating voltage. First devices are present which generate a constant low voltage direct voltage via a wide range DC/DC converter with which the low voltage lamp, preferably a halogen lamp, is supplied. Second devices are present via which, after changeover, a conversion of the direct voltage into a sinusoidal alternating voltage by a transformer take place, via which the fluorescent lamp is supplied. The manual work lamp ballast apparatus is located on a circuit board which can be inserted into a correspondingly constructed manual work lamp.    USE - For lamp for manual work    ADVANTAGE - Without special manual switching or plugging measures, the lamp can be run from car batteries of different voltages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit arrangement of the ballast apparatus.
NOVELTY - A filter (2) which is tuned to the excitation frequency of the clocked device (1) is connected in parallel with the input (11,12) of the device. The filter may be a passive filter, comprising an inductance (23) a resistor (24) and a capacitance (25) connected in series. The filter may be connected directly between the terminals, or remote from the clocked device, or its drive circuitry.    USE - For devices such as brushless DC motors.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces AC component of DC supply substantially.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a brushless DC motor.    Motor (1)    Filter (2)
NOVELTY - Hollow fibres with an internal diameter of 10 nm to 50 micron and an outer wall made from metal-containing inorganic compounds, polymers and/or metals are new.    USE - The hollow fibres are useful for the separation or storage of gases, liquids and suspensions, in dialysis, as synthetic lungs, for protein storage or as controlled release, drug delivery or medical separation systems. They are also useful in cell technology for the uptake of cytoplasmic components and for the production of biopharmaceuticals. Further, the fibres can be used as sensor components and as microreactors as well as in microelectronics as wire, cable or capacitators, in super-light construction technology as binders, fillers, strengtheners, heat isolators or cladding agents, in fuel cells, batteries and electrochemical reactions, in capillary electrophoresis, scanning microscopy and catalytic systems and as a dielectric.    ADVANTAGE - The fibres are mechanically and chemically stable and, compared with prior art fibres, can be produced precisely from the widest variety of materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the preparation of the hollow fibres comprising:    (1) coating a fibre made from a degradable material with a non-degradable material and then removing the degradable material; or    (2) coating a fibre made from a non-degradable material in succession with a degradable material and a non-degradable material and then removing the degradable material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an electrospin apparatus used for the preparation of the hollow fibres.
NOVELTY - A wind-driven electric generator for electric car is disclosed. Two sets of wind-driven electric generator are arranged in the front of car and at tail. When car runs at high speed, the airflow is compressed by the funnel-shaped casing of electric generator and the compressed air drives the electric generators, which can alternatively charge the two accumulator sets via an automatic regulator to ensure long distance of travel.
NOVELTY - In a fuel cell plant having a stack of fuel cells, feed pipes for process medium, electrical connections and a vaporizer, there is at least one pipe allowing the heat from (part of) the fuel cell stack to be used in other equipment.    USE - The plant is useful in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Using the (waste) heat increases the degree of efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operation of a fuel cell plant, in which the waste heat from (part of) a fuel cell stack is used.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block circuit diagram of the plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Stack (1)    Vaporizer (2)    Compressor (3)    Heat exchanger (4)    Mixer (5)    Regulator (6)    Pump (7)    Methanol tank (8)    Water tank (9)    Water separator (10)    Gas purifier (11)    Preheater (12)    Pipe carrying spent fuel at about 160 degrees C (14)    Process medium feed pipes (21, 31)
NOVELTY - The primary and secondary windings of the transformer (15) is configured to supply step for a step wave AC output. Bridge circuits (10) control input of DC voltage into the primary windings of the transformers. According to the power sources, the DC voltage inputs are switched by the bridge circuits and is managed by the source management circuit.    USE - To transform power from DC power sources to AC power. Also used in conjunction with photovoltaic cell, wind turbines, batteries and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The characteristics of step wave AC output from a step wave power converter is enhanced, hence producing step wave AC output with ideal AC waveform. By deactivating the transformers in the order in which they are activated, balancing of the transformer duty cycles is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method for enhancing three-phase step wave AC output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of single-phase step wave power converter configured to receive and manage DC voltage inputs from multiple power sources.    Bridge circuits (10)    Transformer (15)
NOVELTY - A positive electrode plate (12) and negative electrode plate (11) are laminated via separator (2) to form a coil. The laminated coil is compressed by applying pressure perpendicularly towards radial direction outside from internal circumference side of coil.    USE - For molding flat shaped electrode plate for lithium ion secondary battery used in electric power unit of portable telephone, portable video camera, motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - By applying pressure perpendicular to coil, the pressure required at time of making the coil flat is reduced and hence peeling of electrode active material, internal short circuit due to crack, degradation of electrodes are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for flat shaped electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flat shaped electrode plate.    Separator (2)    Negative electrode plate (11)    Positive electrode plate (12)
NOVELTY - Fluid path (2), and cooling water path (9) are formed on respective surface of board (1). A fluid path (2) passes heating gas or oxidizing agent gas. Cooling water is passed through cooling water path (9) .    USE - For fuel cells used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - As passage of heating gas and cooling gas are performed respectively on respective surface of board, the raise in overreaction heat is inhibited resulting in effective stable target performance. Improves output performance of fuel cell, and enables easy manufacture and maintenance, by simplifying component of fuel cell in less number. Since the board is made up of carbon, weight of fuel cell is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of separator for fuel cell.    Board (1)    Fluid path (2)    Cooling water path (9)
NOVELTY - The battery has cathode (4) which contains hydrogen occlusion alloy which shows the peak energy value of 287.5 eV, in optoelectronic spectral analysis.    USE - E.g. nickel hydrogen secondary battery for use in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since cathode containing hydrogen occlusion alloy whose peak value in optoelectronic spectral analysis is 287.5 eV is used, the internal pressure raise at the time of overcharge is inhibited, thereby durability of battery is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially notched perspective view of alkali secondary battery.    Cathode (4)
NOVELTY - Several sheet-like pieces are laminated to form a laminate structure. The laminate is joined with a junction portion material which has projection in the superposition portion, by providing ultrasonic oscillation, during which the projection presses the laminate.    USE - For joining electrode plate and electric current extraction terminal in battery used for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables joining of laminate the junction portion material, with comparatively less oscillating output, thereby preventing excess stress to the sheet-like piece.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the battery.
NOVELTY - A separator (3) is provided to separate a spiral-shaped primary flow path and secondary flow path which are mutually adjoined. The fluid flows spirally in the flow paths along the centrifugation direction.    USE - For e.g. heat exchangers, filters, dust collecting vessels or fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient fluid flow is obtained. Insulating material on the periphery can be reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the fluid flow guide structure.    Separator (3)
NOVELTY - The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has solid polymer electrolyte (4) filled in concave portion (3) of the mixture layer (1) formed on surface of an electrode. The solid polymer electrolyte intervenes between the electrode mixture layer (1) and separator (5).    USE - The battery is used as an electric power source for electronic machines and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Contacting area of electrode and electrolyte is large, as surface roughness of the mixture layer is maintained high. The battery excels in charging and discharging characteristics and internal short circuit is prevented. The amount of organic electrolyte present in the concave portion of mixture layer is made to reduce, thereby preventing explosion of battery even when external short circuit occurs. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is safe to use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded sectional view of positional relationship of separator and electrode.    Mixture layer (1)    Concave portion (3)    Solid polymer electrolyte (4)    Separator (5)
NOVELTY - Metal plates (64a,64b) with corrosion resistance property is formed through brazing layers (63a,63b), on both sides of a base material (62) consisting of aluminum or aluminum group alloy. The separator has grooves to supply heating gas and oxidizing agent to unit cells.    USE - For fuel cells in electric power unit of motor, internal combustion engine of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables achieving weight reduction and better electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance properties.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top and side views of the separator for fuel cell.    Base material (62)    Brazing layers (63a,63b)    Metal plates (64a,64b)
NOVELTY - A resin partition (7) with through-hole (8) divides the battery jar to form cell chambers (3). Junction portion (10a) of the intermediate terminals (10) of electrode group are connected through the hole, which is surrounded by resin layer (11). The hardness of the layer (11) is smaller than that of partition.    USE - For monoblock battery used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Increases life span of connection portion by increasing sealing performance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded cross-sectional view of connection structure.    Cell chambers (3)    Resin partition (7)    Through-hole (8)    Intermediate terminals (10)    Junction portion (10a)    Resin layer (11)
NOVELTY - The separator comprises a sintered compact of ultra high molecular weight polyolefin powder machine cut into sheet and 0.01-20 microns size particles of polyolefin is dispersed in the porous of the sheet.    USE - For alkaline secondary battery.    ADVANTAGE - Improves electrolyte liquidity maintenance property, compressibility resistant and contraction resistant under high temperature suitable for use in high volume alkaline secondary batteries used in electric vehicle.
NOVELTY - Solar battery (3) is mounted on the case (2) for charging a chargeable battery. The chargeable battery supplies power to a LED (4). The brightness of LED is detected by a brightness detector circuit. The vibration of car is detected by oscillation detector. Switching circuit connects chargeable battery to the LED, based on the detection signals of brightness detector circuit and oscillation detector.    USE - For passenger car.    ADVANTAGE - Provides wireless identification lamp which assists in driving the car into garage, during night.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of identification lamp.    Case (2)    Solar battery (3)    LED (4)
NOVELTY - A storage system S1 has a number of storage modules (1B1-1B3) which are connected in series and have the same configuration. The storage module includes capacitors (Ca,Cb) connected in series, a transformer (4A), switches (Sa,Sb), and resistors (11a,11b). The transformer includes windings (4a,4b) having the same number of turns which serve as energy transfer means, and a common winding (4c). The common winding transfers energy among the storage modules and has the function of keeping the voltage across the series circuit of the capacitors, in each of all the storage modules connected in parallel, at the voltage corresponding to the number of turns of the common winding.    USE - As a battery for a motor vehicle and can also be applied to several kinds of power supplying/receiving system.    ADVANTAGE - The storage module transfers stored energy reliably, surely, and easily and can be made inexpensive and down-sized. The charging voltage across each of the storage means can be kept at a value according to a prescribed ratio.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a circuit diagram of a storage system.    Storage system (S1)    Storage modules (1B1-1B3)    Capacitors (Ca,Cb)    Transformer (4A)    Transformer windings ((4a,4b)    Common winding (4c)    Switches (Sa,Sb)    Resistors (11a,11b)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has at least one fuel cell (25) coupled to a fuel supply unit (21) via a fuel line (22) and to an oxidation medium source (23) via an oxidation medium line (24). The fuel cell system is started via an activation device (40) which is independent of the starting device for the electrical machine, e.g. a vehicle propulsion drive (12).    USE - The fuel cell system is used for driving an electrical machine, e.g. an electric propulsion drive in an automobile, or for a decentralized power supply.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system can be activated independently, e.g. by operation of an automobile door lock, for reducing the time lag between starting of the electrical machine and effective operation of the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of an automobile with an electric propulsion drive and a fuel cell system.    Propulsion drive (12)    Fuel supply unit (21)    Fuel line (22)    Oxidation medium source (23)    Oxidation medium line (24)    Fuel cell (25)    Activation device for fuel cell system (40)
NOVELTY - The current supply system has a number of supply sources (1,2), e.g. rechargeable electrochemical energy stores, for supplying at least one load (V1,V2), with stored energy transferred between the supply sources when the system is not in use, via a central control device (ST), for reducing the overall parasitic losses    USE - The current supply system is used for an automobile onboard electrical network.    ADVANTAGE - The current supply system uses transfer of charge between the different supply sources for minimizing the overall loss of stored energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a current supply system for an automobile with 2 batteries.    Current supply sources (1,2)    Central control device (ST)    Loads (V1,V2)
NOVELTY - The condensation method uses at least one expansion device (7), e.g. a turbine, receiving the gas stream laden with water vapor, with expansion of the gas to a reduced pressure for removing the water, followed by at least one compressor (8) for compressing the gas to restore it to normal pressure. The expansion device and the compressor may be mounted on a common drive shaft (11), driven by an electric motor (15).    USE - The water condensation method is used for removing water vapor from the exhaust gas flow from a fuel cell, e.g. for use in an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The method retains the water balance of the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system with water condensation for removing water from the exhaust gas stream.    Expansion device (7)    Compressor (8)    Drive shaft (11)    Electric motor (15)
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte type fuel cell comprises a polymer electrolyte film sandwiched between an anode and a cathode, a conductive separator plate having gas circuits for supplying fuel gas located at the side of the anode, a conductive separator having gas circuits for supplying oxidation gas into the cathode located at the side of the cathode, and a conductive covering film on part or all of the metal plates, anodes and cathodes. The interface between the metal plate and the conductive covering material has a diffusion layer wherein the covering film expands.    USE - The cell is used as a portable power source for electric vehicles, domestic co-generation systems etc.    ADVANTAGE - The cell provides stable output for a prolonged period and prevents metal plate from corrosion or dissolution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Also claimed are (i) a cell wherein the covering film is an antioxidation film, (ii) a cell wherein the covering film is an invasive compound.
NOVELTY - An excitation circuit (10) applies time-varying electrical excitation to battery (20) and senses its response. A calculator (50) computes real part of complex admittance of preset parallel sub-circuit with battery, based on time varying excitation and response. Real part of complex admittance changes with state-of-charge and reaches maximum value at 50% state-of-charge, to evaluate state-of-charge.    USE - For evaluating storage charge in electrochemical cell or battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The calculated absolute charge values are displayed to the user so that external process such as charging of battery is controlled. Relative charge (SOC) and absolute charge (Ah) unaffected by surface charge are determined quickly and accurately without requiring a priori data.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Absolute charge determining apparatus;    (b) State-of-charge determining method;    (c) Absolute charge determining method    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of device for evaluating stored charge in electrochemical cell or battery.    Excitation circuit (10)    Battery (20)    Calculator (50)
NOVELTY - The current collector consists of a magnetized ferromagnetic sheet (2) of a permanent magnet material having two faces. A magnetic field within the sheet is directed normal to the two faces. An electroactive material encasement (4) is in continuous electrical contact with only one of the faces of the magnetized ferromagnetic sheet.    USE - For battery of e.g. electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables battery employing magnetized current collector to exhibit improved high load discharge characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the edgewise view in elevation of a plate-type electrode structure embodying a magnetized current collector.    Magnetized ferromagnetic sheet (2)    Electroactive material encasement (4)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor switch controlling electric power supply to each load (103a,103b) is turned ON and OFF by control unit (105). A detection unit detects abnormal condition of load by comparing voltage impressed to load with reference voltage. When abnormal condition of one load is detected, the PWM control of semiconductor switch is performed to control electric power supply to other load.    USE - For controlling electric power supply to each loads such as tail lamp and stop lamp for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The electric power supply control apparatus has few components and is small sized and inexpensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electric power supply control apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English text)    Load (103a,103b)    Control unit (105)
NOVELTY - The through holes (12b,12d) prevents the anode side protrusion (11d) from separating from the end face of a cell (6a), when a bending force acts on the sidewall (16a) of a connector main body (10). The connector main body is arranged between the cells (6a,6b). The connector main body is connected to the cell (6b) by the cathode side protrusions (13).    USE - For batteries used for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains connection between batteries even when a bending moment acts on the batteries. Prevents increase of connection resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a vehicle using the battery provided with the connector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of the connection structure at the time of deforming the storage battery module.    Cells (6a,6b)    Connector main body (10)    Anode side protrusion (11d)    Through holes (12b,12d)    Cathode side protrusions (13)    Sidewall (16a)
NOVELTY - A pressure opening mechanism (72) has a working pressure ranging from 0.05 kilograms per square centimeter to 5 kilograms per square centimeter. The battery includes a non-aqueous electrolyte contained in an airtight container. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes a positive electrode, a negative plate, a separator, and lithium halide.    USE - For e.g. electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves safety of the non-aqueous secondary battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of the safety valve used for the non-aqueous secondary battery.    Pressure opening mechanism (72)
NOVELTY - The convexly shaped pieces (15) protrudes to the rolled up electrode body (2), integrally molded to the bottom of negative electrode jar (1). Collector (5) is formed on edge of positive and negative electrodes (21,23). Laser welding of convex portion of negative electrode jar (1) is carried out to each collector assembly of negative electrode (23).    USE - For electric power unit for igniters of gasoline automobile. Used as electric condenser for charging regenerative braking energy of hybrid motor vehicle or electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction in overall weight and reduction in total number of parts is achieved, as edge of electrode is directly welded for convex portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the lithium ion secondary battery.    Electrode jar (1)    Electrode body (2)    Collector (5)    Convexly shaped pieces (15)    Positive and negative electrodes (21,23)
NOVELTY - The generator has a chain unit (2) with several chambers (3) which are raised by buoyancy of air or water. The chain unit is rotated by injecting hydrogen into the chamber and the released hydrogen at the upper portion of the chain unit is recovered in a collection chamber (4) and reacted with oxygen in fuel cell to generate power.    USE - For generation of power in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The effective use of hydrogen released by electrolysis of water is carried out.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of continuous power generator.    Chain unit (2)    Chamber (3)    Collection chamber (4)
NOVELTY - The automobile has a energy accumulator (4), a battery (6), a central control unit for the energy accumulator (4) and the battery (6). The central unit proceeds to anticipate the mechanical energy load the accumulator has to supply when it senses a signal of the drivers intention to start the vehicle and if the energy stored in the accumulator (4) is less than a pre-determined level. The intention of the driver to drive the vehicle is detected either when he opens a door, or when the central locking is deactivated by a key or transmitter code.    USE - For Hybrid drive vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Anticipates drivers intention to start the vehicle and anticipates the energy required from energy accumulator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the system    sensor (1)    electronic central control unit (2)    electronic power module (3)    mechanical energy accumulator (4)    anti-theft contactor (5)    battery (6)    charger (7)    recharging terminal (8)
NOVELTY - A battery pack (1), e.g. of nickel metal hydride cell modules (2), for use as the power source for an electric vehicle, has electrode connection terminals (11,12) and end plates (3,4). Upper and lower ends of the endplates are tied together, by e.g. three, restraining straps (5). The straps may have a rectangular cross section and L-shaped or flat mounting portions. Bolts (6,8) are used to secure and tighten the assembly to eliminate the risk of battery deformation by heat produced during battery charge or discharge.    USE - Provides an improved restraining band arrangement for battery packs e.g. for use as the power source for an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the risk of battery deformation by heat produced during battery charge or discharge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the battery pack and banding arrangement.    Battery pack (1)    Cell modules (2)    End plates (3,4)    Restraining straps (5)    Bolts (6,8)    Connection terminals (11,12)
NOVELTY - The system has a latent heat reservoir for optimizing heat flow. The heat required by endothermal process is covered by the excess of the fuel cell. The anode gases contain sufficient fuel to store the energy derived by a catalytic burner in a latent heat storage system.    USE - For mobile applications.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal energy of exothermal processes in a fuel cell are made available to endothermal processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a use of a latent heat store for optimizing heat flow.
NOVELTY - The lithium secondary battery comprises a battery case accommodating non-aqueous electrolyte solution and the electrode body obtained by winding or laminating positive and negative electrodes, via a separator. The battery case has a tightly sealed part formed by two or more units which are adhered to each other with resin or pressure-welded via an elastomer.    USE - For electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The pressure releasing valve of simple structure, is fitted to the lithium secondary battery by a simple, reliable and inexpensive method. The seal part of the battery case exhibits good corrosion resistance to electrolytic solution and has good seeding property. Easy battery production is enabled and production yield is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A resin is applied to or in the vicinity of the part where the units are pressure welded so that the battery case is tightly sealed. The lid of the battery case has a pressure releasing valve constituted by closing the pressure releasing hole formed in the lid, with a metal foil and the resin is adhered to the lid. The metal foil is pressure welded to the lid by caulking. The metal foil and resin film having corrosion resistance to the electrolytic solution, are provided in layers in the pressure releasing hole so that the resin film faces the interior of battery.
NOVELTY - Generation of power involves totally pyrolyzing a hydrocarbonaceous feed in a reactor to form a first gaseous stream (A) containing hydrogen and a totally dehydrogenated fuel stream.    USE - For producing mechanical power and a hybrid power generation unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for generation of power involves totally pyrolyzing a hydrocarbonaceous feed in a reactor to form a first gaseous stream (A) containing hydrogen and a totally dehydrogenated fuel stream, introducing at least a part of (A) containing H2 to a fuel cell for producing an electric current (B), introducing at least a portion of (B) to an electrical conversion unit to produce a first motion, introducing an oxygen carrying gas into the reactor following pyrolysis to produce a carbon monoxide-rich gaseous fuel (C), and introducing at least a portion of (C) to a combustion engine to produce a second motion.
NOVELTY - The operating section (8) is provided to the chassis (3) of electromotive industrial vehicle. Either ground side power supply cable or generator side power supply cable (16) is chosen for connecting generator (14) mounted on generator mounting vehicle (11) with connector (10) beside electromotive industrial vehicle.    USE - E.g. high altitude work vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since power is supplied to operating section of electromotive industrial vehicle through power supply cable from generator mounting vehicles, installation cost of electromotive industrial vehicle is reduced and its operativity is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic side view at the time of generator mounting vehicles pulling of electromotive industrial vehicle. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Chassis of electromotive industrial vehicle (3)    Operating section (8)    Connector (10)    Generator mounting vehicle (11)    Generator (14)    Generator side power supply cable (16)
NOVELTY - Main battery (12) is provided to supply electric power to prime mover of vehicle. An auxiliary battery (20) is provided to supply electric power to supplementary fittings in vehicle. A voltage converter (18) is provided between the main battery and auxiliary battery, which lowers output voltage of main battery to the rated voltage of supplementary fittings.    USE - For e.g. fork lift truck.    ADVANTAGE - Power required for supplementary fittings is drawn from main battery also, using voltage converter, thus preventing dim lights during high elevation operations.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows battery circuits. (The diagram includes non-English language text).    Main battery (12)    Voltage converter (18)    Auxiliary battery (20)
NOVELTY - Furnace black (I) has an ash content of 0.005-0.05 wt.% and sulfur (S) content of over 0.005 wt.%.    USE - Furnace black (I) is used in fuel cells and cable screens (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The ash and S contents of existing furnace blacks are too high for cable coverings. Although acetylene black has the required properties, it is relatively costly, its analysis cannot be varied as strongly as that of furnace blacks and granulation gives beads with poor properties. In contrast, (I) gives good beads, despite its low ash and S contents.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (a) (I) beads with an attrition less than 3.5%; (b) (I) beads with a fines content less than 4.5%; (c) the production of (I).
NOVELTY - The shared vehicle system, comprises central facility (12) with at least one vehicle distribution port facility (14) and with multiple fleet of vehicles (16). Each of the vehicles has a subsystem (18) communicating to allow a user to enter information at a port facility. The information communicates to the central facility and is processed to select a vehicle to allocate to the user. The central station monitors the location and operating status.    USE - For use in sharing a fleet of electric vehicles allocating, tracking, securing, managing and relocating.    ADVANTAGE - The vehicle communicates with the central station notifying to the central station of the PIN number of the individual attempting to used the vehicle, along with state charge and location.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for allocating one or more vehicles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure of a schematic diagram of the vehicle sharing system.    Central facility (12)    Vehicle distribution port facility (14)    Vehicles (16)    Subsystem (18)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell apparatus is operated by measuring voltage across entire fuel cell stack and a second cluster of fuel cells and creating a pseudo cluster voltage for the second cluster based on the average cell voltage of all the cells in the stack, the actual voltage across the second cluster and the difference between the number of cells in the first clusters and in the second cluster.    USE - For operating a fuel cell apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables the cells of a fuel cell stack to be monitored in clusters containing a small number of cells in each cluster. This avoids the necessity of designing a new monitoring control program or circuit just for the clusters containing a different number of cells. Further, the invention enables a fuel cell stack to be devised with any number of cells to meet particular application requirements without the necessity of adding or eliminating individual fuel cells just for monitoring purposes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Operation of a fuel cell apparatus includes supplying a hydrogen-rich stream to a stack of fuel cells. The fuel cell stack includes first clusters formed of identical number of fuel cells and at least one second cluster formed of a different number of fuel cells. The method includes measuring the voltage across the entire fuel cell stack; measuring the voltage across the second cluster of fuel cells; and creating a pseudo cluster voltage for the second cluster based on the average cell voltage of all the cells in the fuel cell stack, the actual voltage across the second cluster and the difference between the number of cells in the first clusters and the number of cells in the second cluster.
NOVELTY - The vehicle has at least parts of its armor (3) formed to receive, store and supply an energy carrier, which generates electrical energy to supply loads on or in the vehicle. The electrical energy is generated by a fuel cell. At least part of an armored segment is formed as a fuel store to supply the fuel cell. Preferably, the fuel is hydrogen and the fuel store is a metal hydride or FeTi.    USE - Armored military vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improved functionality of vehicle. Electricity can be generated without taking up extra space. Fuel tanks may be arranged outside vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of a military vehicle.    Military vehicle (1)    Side walls (2)    Armored segment (3)
NOVELTY - The cathode which emits electrons when heated, is ring-shaped and has diameter to height ratio equal to 1:1 or less. The ring-shaped anode around the cathode, has operating voltage of about 1000 V.    USE - For freight vehicle, bus, ship engine, electric car, mobile machine in mines, autonomous housing units.    ADVANTAGE - As the cathode is ring-shaped and operating voltage of anode is set to 1000 V, development of larger space charge and large emission of electrons are favored.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional view of Boris-Roman thermo-electronic generator.
NOVELTY - The service and parking brakes applied by the service and parking brake control inputs (30,32) are detected by the service and parking brakes interface portions. An interface output portion operates an electric motor such that no torque is delivered through a drive train (14) from the motor, when the controllers detects the operation of the respective brakes.    USE - Hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the accelerator control input, service and parking brake control units are interfaced with the electric controller, the propulsion of the vehicle is controlled, by controlling output torque of the electric motor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electric controller (26) selectively supplies electric power to electric motor (12), from a generator (24) and a DC battery (20), respectively. An accelerator control input (28) which receives the output torque from the motor, service and parking brake control inputs (30,32), selectively applies a service and parking brake respectively, are interfaced with the electric controller. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the hybrid electric vehicle power train operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of hybrid electric vehicle power train.    Electric motor (12)    Drive train (14)    DC battery (20)    Generator (24)    Electric controller (26)    Accelerator control input (28)    Control inputs (30,32)
NOVELTY - An adapter (12) is fitted to cigarette lighter socket, with its contact (16) mating with that of socket. A pager housing (22) is fitted to other end of the adapter through pivot ball joint provided at end of flexible neck (18) of the adapter. The housing includes a contact (26) which mates battery contact (28) of pager (22), while fitting the pager between L-shaped brackets (32,34) of the housing.    USE - In automobile for charging battery of pager.    ADVANTAGE - The flexible neck and pivot ball joint enable easy adjustment of angular orientation of the pager for clear view and suits need of user.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the charger for pager.    Adapter (12)    Contacts (16,26)    Neck (18)    Pager housing (22)    Battery contact (28)    L-shaped bracket (32,34)
NOVELTY - An air screw installed in the cargo trucks, generates electricity from wind energy during traveling of truck.    USE - Electricity generation for cargo trucks.    ADVANTAGE - By generating electricity from wind energy, need for an extra electric power generating source is avoided and energy conservation is achieved.
NOVELTY - Aqueous biomass raw material solution is subjected to high pressure and temperature and reacted with water to form combustible gas.    USE - For hydrogen fuel cell apparatus to generate power (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The combustion of biomass waste material is economical and environment friendly. The generation of electric power is performed effectively by combining combustible gas generator to hydrogen fuel cell apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) Combustible gas generator which contains high pressure reaction container (2) is filled with aqueous biomass raw material solution (1). The high pressure gas supply source (4) supplies high pressure to the reaction container and the heater (5) heats the container. The combustible gas formed in the reaction container is passed to a first gas separation tank (7) and; (ii) Hydrogen fuel cell apparatus which comprises combustible gas generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of combustible gas generator.    Biomass raw material solution (1)    High pressure reaction container (2)    Switching valve (3)    High pressure gas supply source (4)    Heater (5)    Tank (7)    Upper valve (8)    Second tank (9)    Central valve (10)    Third tank (11)    Lower valve (13)    Forth tank (14)
NOVELTY - The method involves conducting a shock wave in a water reservoir along a spiral blade, where the shock wave is generated according to the electrohydraulic effect. The energy for the electrohydraulic shock wave is generated in an electrical arrangement. Part of the rotation energy that is generated is used to recharge the direct current source, e.g. battery.    USE - To generate torque using batteries as energy source. To drive vehicles or boats.    ADVANTAGE - Battery-operated motor can operate over larger movement distances.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a device for implementing the method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an electrohydraulic motor.    Electrode (15)    Electrohydraulic motor (16)    Fluid, preferably water (17)    Pressure release valve (18)    Spiral (19)    Shaft (20)    Cooler (21)    Pipeline (22)
NOVELTY - The power-driven bicycle comprises capacitor (20) which is charged at the time of brake application or at high speed traveling.    USE - Electrically-assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of capacitor enables to reduce the weight of the bicycle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic side view of electrically-assisted bicycle.    Capacitor (20)
NOVELTY - Supporting members (6) block the movement of the cells (42) set at or near the front and rear side plates (46,48) of the vehicle. The cells, which comprise a fuel cell (4), is separated from each other through separators (44).    USE - For fuel cell of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents leakage of electrolytes due to optimum sealing performance of the fuel cell regardless of the sudden acceleration of the vehicle. Prevents vibrations generated by the vehicle from reaching the fuel cell, thus reducing impact to the separators.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective diagram of the support apparatus.(Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell (4)    Supporting members (6)    Cells (42)    Separators (44)    Side plates (46,48)
NOVELTY - The battery (1) is charged by the battery charger (2). A cooling fan is provided for cooling the charger. Cooling fan is driven at the time of charging of battery. After completion of 80% of charging of the battery, the cooling fan is stopped for subsequent charging of battery.    USE - For battery of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Inhibits reduction of charge amount of battery. Operation time of battery is prolonged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the battery charging controller.    Battery (1)    Battery charger (2)
NOVELTY - Hybrid vehicle mounts fuel cell unit (60) as drive source. A thermoelement (40) converts the heat produced by the fuel cell unit to electrical energy and drives the vehicle. When abnormality is detected in the operation of thermoelement, the fuel cell unit is stopped and the hybrid vehicle is driven by the engine (10).    USE - For hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - When abnormality is generated in fuel cell unit operation, engine drives the vehicle, and energy efficiency reduction is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of hybrid vehicle.    Engine (10)    Thermo element (40)    Fuel cell unit (60)
NOVELTY - Casting sheet consisting of lead calcium tin alloy is obtained by casting process. Alloy sheet is passed through reduction roller and thin alloy sheet is formed. Winding and rewinding of alloy sheet is performed and grating is produced. During winding process, the alloy sheet is maintained at preset temperature less than 10degreesC. Total time of alloy sheet maintained at preset temperature is 10 hours or less.    USE - For lead storage batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Battery having excellent life span property is manufactured. Manufactures grating having high deformation resistant strength.
NOVELTY - A power supply cut-off circuit (110) disconnects the semiconductor device and battery (3), when relay detects abnormal conditions. The power supply line between battery and electric motor is disconnected based on detection of abnormal condition of relay.    USE - For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Number of fuses to limit current is reduced by provision of power supply cut-off circuit which also reduces the wiring of whole set up. Also isolation of short circuited area is enabled so that repairing operation is facilitated. Also power consumption is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrical wiring apparatus of motor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system diagram of motor vehicle.    Battery (3)    Power supply cut-off circuit (110)
NOVELTY - The capacitor cells (6) connected serially, are charged at identical conditions. The voltage level of each cell is equalized by a set of balancing units (5) connected parallel to cells. Based on voltage levels, the cells are charged/discharged through by-pass paths of balancing units based on signal from controller (4).    USE - For electrical double layer capacitor used in back-up power supply and motor vehicle, airplanes.    ADVANTAGE - Since charging level is balanced with less current, the balancing is performed arbitrarily. Reduces size of circuit components, thereby minimizes circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of charger for capacitor.    Controller (4)    Balancing unit (5)    Capacitor cell (6)
NOVELTY - The modifier (13) forming fuel is controlled to be in idle state, when off-operation of accelerator pedal (30) is detected by detector. When the detected pressure of fuel supplied to fuel cell from modifier, exceeds a specified value, a control unit controls fuel consumption for response time lag, such that the fuel pressure is reduced below the specified value.    USE - For fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents pressure build-up and temperature rise of fuel, by controlling the fuel pressure using control unit. Prevents overcharge of secondary battery during regeneration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system assembly of electric power control apparatus of fuel cell vehicle.    Modifier (13)    Accelerator pedal (30)
NOVELTY - A battery (1) is mounted on a heat exchanger plate (31). Another heat exchanger plate (321) which is installed to the plate (31), is adhered to the side (101) of the battery. The battery holding frame (3a) has a pipeline adhered to the undersurface of the heat exchanger plate (31). The frame is provided inside the air-tight case (6) made of heat insulating material.    USE - For electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The battery adjustment is performed efficiently using simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the battery adjustment apparatus.    Battery (1)    Battery holding frame (3a)    Air-tight case (6)    Heat exchanger plates (31,321)    Side of battery (101)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a gas passage way (11) on whose upstream side, a burner (5) is arranged to which the combustion gas supply path (14) and the carrier gas supply aperture (12) are coupled. The combustion gas supply duct (6) also extends towards downstream side, where catalyst layer is provided, to absorb the heat of combustion, so that the heat on the catalyst addition site is reduced.    USE - For heat source of home use, motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Abnormal temperature rise of tube and fin is prevented and efficiency of apparatus is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional chart of heat exchanger with catalyst.    Burner (5)    Combustion gas supply duct (6)    Gas passage way (11)    Carrier gas supply aperture (12)    Combustion gas supply path (14)
NOVELTY - A slit (16) is formed on the top surface (15) of housing, along the handle section (9a). Two openings (17) are formed so as to expose the handle section. A gap is formed between the handle section and pad (7). Two slits (19) are formed in parallel with handle and are connected to openings.    USE - E.g. lead storage batteries used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Improves handling property. Enables easy accumulation of storage battery housing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram showing the exterior of storage battery housing.    Pad (7)    Handle section (9a)    Top surface (15)    Slit (16)    Openings (17)    Slit (19)
NOVELTY - When kick down operation of accelerator pedal is detected, the electric power allocated to motor is increased, so as to increase power supplied for starting fuel modification system containing fuel reformer and air supply unit.    USE - For fuel cell of hybrid vehicle, motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - As electric power allocated to motor is increased, when the kick down operation of accelerator pedal is detected, running performance required during starting of fuel modification system is obtained easily and efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of electric power allocation control apparatus.
NOVELTY - The engine has an auxiliary gearbox coupled to the end of the engine crankshaft via a switchable clutch (K1, 10) and to an electric machine operated as an electric motor or current generator and a planetary gearbox between the auxiliary drive gearbox and crankshaft. An auxiliary gearbox drive wheel (1) is rigidly connected to a planetary gearbox hub (2) rotatably mounted on the crankshaft (14) via an overriding clutch (K2, 5). An external tooth flex ring (1) is arranged between the sectionally elliptical hub and two adjacent internal teeth hollow wheels (7,8). The switchable coupling is arranged between the first hollow wheel and an engine housing aperture and the second hollow wheel is rigidly attached to the crankshaft.    USE - For a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables an auxiliary machine such as an air conditioning compressor to be driven whilst the engine is off.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of an engine    switchable clutch (K1, 10)    auxiliary gearbox drive wheel (1)    planetary gearbox hub (2)    crankshaft (14)    overriding clutch (K2, 5)    flex ring (1)    hollow wheels (7, 8)    .
NOVELTY - Fuel cell power plant includes fine pore enthalpy exchange barrier (12) for mass transfer between oxidant and exhaust streams. The barrier includes a support matrix with hydrophilic pores with pore size about 0.1-100 microns. The barrier is chemically stable with liquid transfer so that when the pores are filled, the barrier has a bubble pressure greater than 0.014 kg/sq.cm.    USE - Fuel cell power plant for vehicles, portable of stationary power plants.    ADVANTAGE - The enthalpy exchange barrier enhances water balance and decreases volume and weight of the power plant without needing a condensing heat exchanger. The support matrix is chemically stable and operates with a liquid having substantial freezing point depression characteristic, allowing the power plant to operate through a wide temperature range. The mass and heat transfer device does not need to be preheated. The pore structure minimizes the possibility of liquid leaving the enthalpy exchange barrier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell power plant has fuel cell (14) generating electricity from process oxidant stream and reducing fluid stream. Direct mass and heat transfer device is in fluid communication with oxidant stream and exhaust stream. It has a device with a fine pore enthalpy exchange barrier for mass transfer between oxidant and exhaust streams and prevents mixing of the two streams in the device. The barrier includes a support matrix with hydrophilic pores with pore size about 0.1-100 microns. The barrier is chemically stable with liquid transfer so that when the pores are filled, the barrier has a bubble pressure greater than 0.014 kg/sq.cm.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram showing the fuel cell power plant.    Enthalpy exchange barrier (12)    Fuel cell (14)    Burner (40)    Reformer (58)
NOVELTY - Lithium manganese oxide has a BET specific surface area of 0.1 - 1 m2/g and is represented by a general formula.    USE - The lithium manganese oxide is useful in an electric automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Cycle characteristics are excellent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A general formula is (I):    O less than X less than 1/3, and    O less than Y less than 0.2.
NOVELTY - Plate-shaped steam generator (1) comprises alternate heating gas passage way and heated fluid flow path isolated by separation plate (3). A horizontal partition plate is connected to heated fluid flow path. A buffer unit restrains vibration of heated fluid.    USE - For modifier of polymer type fuel battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since horizontal partition plate is inserted in heated fluid flow path, the flow path is bent, thereby release of water droplets is prevented and vibration resistance is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top and sectional views of plate type steam generator.    Plate-shaped steam generator (1)    Separation plate (3)
NOVELTY - Carbon-graphite composite molded product production comprises crushing, machining, and cooling of a composite.    USE - Production of a complicated shaped-carbon period graphite composite molded product.    ADVANTAGE - A carbon period graphite composite molded product is manufactured at a low cost with high efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - At least one type of graphite carbon fine grains of average size 10-70 microns, selected from a heavy composition, natural graphite and artificial graphite, is kneaded. A composite composition is produced by covering the graphite carbon fine-grains with a heavy composition in a solid state at room temperature. The composition is crushed, granulated to produce heavy composition-covering graphite carbon fine-grains, and the granule powder formed of grains with a diameter of up to 0.5 mm consisting of the heavy composition-covering graphite carbon fine-grain is press-molded. The molded product is machined and brought into carbon to manufacture a carbon period graphite composite molded product in a complicated shape. Crushing and machining are executed in a crushing jig used in a crushing and machining process, and a machining jig. The peripheries of the composite composition and a production shape portion are cooled to a temperature area at which the heavy composition is not molten.
NOVELTY - Switching elements of inverter circuit (3) which converts DC power into AC power are provided in one package. Each winding wires (A,B) of 3-phase AC motor (4) receives AC power from switch of inverter. Switching elements are fixed by shortest distance and output circuit is provided adjoining to switching element group, within package. Switching elements are distributed so that current flows in opposingly.    USE - For inverter drive motor in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses influence of magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the wiring. Increases degree of freedom of vehicle layout.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for motor module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of inverter drive motor mounting circuit.    Inverter circuit (3)    AC motor (4)    Wires (A,B)
NOVELTY - An alkaline secondary battery has a negative electrode (4) containing hydrogen absorbing alloy powder, a positive electrode (2) and situated with separator nipped, and causing a collector to carry a positive electrode layer containing an active material, and alkali electrolyte. The area of the positive electrode except the collector is at least 30 cm2 per theoretical capacity (Ah) of a battery. The hydrogen absorbing alloy powder has tap density of at least 4.0 g/cc.    USE - Useful in a motor driven tool and a bicycle with a motor-driven auxiliary.    ADVANTAGE - Capacity is high and an increased life is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The alloy has formula LmNix Mny Mz, wherein Lm in the formula indicates a rare earth element containing 70 - 100 wt% La and M indicates at least one element selected from Co, Al, Fe, and Zr. Atom ratios x, y, and z indicate 3.30 at most x at most 4.50, 0.01 at most y at most 0.30, 0.20 at most z at most 1.70, and 0.90 at most x + y + z at most 5.50.
NOVELTY - The area of a positive electrode except a collector is at least 30 cm2 per theoretical capacity (Ah) of a battery. A hydrogen absorbing alloy in a negative electrode has saturated magnetization by a ferromagnetic component on a surface after immersion in a potassium hydroxide at 60 degrees Centigrade for 48 hours is 3.4 - 9.9 emu/m2.    USE - Useful in a motor-driven tool and a bicycle with motor-driven auxiliary.    ADVANTAGE - Capacity is high and an increased life is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The alloy has formula LmBix Mny Mz, where Lm is a rare earth element containing 70 - 100 wt% La, M indicates at least one element selected from Co, Al, Fe, and Zr. Atom ratios x, y, and z indicate 3.30 at most x at most 4.50, 0.01 at most y at most 0.30, 0.20 at most z at most 1.70, and 4.90 at most x + y + z at most 5.0.
NOVELTY - The additional agent in lead batteries includes particles containing carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, formed by dispersing carbon black in water. The amount of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in the agglomerate is about 3 mueq/m2. If the maximum diameter of particles in the agglomerate is 500 nm, then accumulation frequency of agglomerate is 99%.    USE - For lead batteries used as power supply of motor vehicles, emergency power source, uninterrupted power supplies.    ADVANTAGE - The addition agent is inexpensive and improves charging and discharging cycles of lead battery, thereby improving the durability of battery.
NOVELTY - The accumulator has a positive electrode based on a nickel hydroxide and a negative electrode forming a hydride once charged. Total negative capacity exceeds total positive capacity by at least 15%. The resulting over capacity is partly charge remaining when the positive electrode is completely discharged, and partly discharge when the positive electrode is fully charged.    USE - Accumulators for use on aircraft or rail vehicles or to propel an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Extends working life while maintaining low mass and volume of accumulator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic of the relative capacity of the positive and negative electrodes before reduction of pre-charge.    Positive electrode capacity (1)    Negative electrode capacity (2)    Pre-charge remaining after the positive electrode is fully discharged (3)    Excess capacity remaining in the discharged state when the positive electrode is completely charged (4)
NOVELTY - A synchronizing voltage value is obtained for every block in the battery pack, step 201, the grouping of the blocks is referenced based on temperature distribution, step 202, the maximum and minimum voltages are extracted, step 203 and it is determined if a condition for a threshold voltage holds for a predetermined period, step 204. It is determined whether there is a voltage difference between blocks belonging to the same group in the charging process, step 205 and a minor short is detected, step 206 or a short is detected, step 208. If a short is detected, the charging/discharging current value is reduced.    USE - Detecting a short circuit in a battery cell e.g. for electric hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Low cost reliable detection of shorts.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a flow chart of the cell short detection method.
NOVELTY - The combined component has an exhaust gas catalyser with an essentially cylindrical housing, inlet and outlet ports, a first inner tube (6) coaxial to the housing axis connected to the housing lid on the gas inlet side, a second coaxial outer tube (8) also connected to the lid on the inlet side and catalyser material between the tubes for catalytic oxidation of anode gas. An evaporator (20b, 21b) is arranged between the inner and outer tubes to evaporate material fed to the fuel cell system    USE - For recombustion of anode gas from fuel cell system and for evaporating material fed to fuel cell system, esp. for mobile applications.    ADVANTAGE - Cost and wt. are saved in an exhaust gas catalyser and evaporator for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a combined component    inner tube (6)    outer tube (8)    evaporator (20b, 21b)    .
NOVELTY - The fuel cell battery has a stack (2) of planar cells (3,4) with alternating electrochemically active plates (3) and interconnectors (4) with intermediate straight or curved zones (20), interconnector profiling to divert two fluids (11, 12) separately through the cells, fluid inlets and outlets and a common outlet channel (5), whereby the second fluid is a heat carrier for reaction heat released during operation. The interconnectors are single-layered and their profiling is designed so that both fluids are guided always in contact with the electrochemically active plate. The direction of flow of the second fluid is reversed at one edge region (24).    USE - E.g. for use as a current supply component in a car.    ADVANTAGE - Manufacturing costs are reduced further.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an application of a fuel cell battery, e.g. as a current supply component in a car.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell battery    stack (2)    planar cells (3,4)    electrochemically active plate (3)    interconnectors (4)    zone (20)    fluids (11,12)    common outlet channel (5)    edge region (24)    .
NOVELTY - A hybrid vehicle of reliable control is provided while facilitating the assembling and maintenance of the respective modules of motor, fuel cell and battery. The hybrid vehicle comprises a battery and a fuel cell as power supplies of a drive motor, a main power switch, and a vehicle controller (5) for controlling the vehicle. The motor (31), the battery (60) and the fuel cell (70) are composed as module units (3, 6, 7), respectively. The respective module units include module controllers (30, 61, 71) and detection means for detecting the state of the respective modules. Each module controller includes storage means for storing the detected state data.    USE - Hybrid drive system for vehicles    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Vehicle controller (5)    Motor (31)    Battery (60)    Fuel cell (70)    Module units (3,6,7)    Module controllers (30,61,71)
NOVELTY - A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell (1) is produced by enhancing the presence of water in the anode catalyst layer through modifications to the anode structure or anode composition near or in the catalyst layer. The enhancement is carried out by decreasing the flow of water and/or increasing the water content in the anode catalyst layer.    USE - For producing solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell (claimed) useful in, e.g., automobiles and/or stationary power plants.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced water electrolysis will result in an increase in the length of voltage plateau associated with electrolysis during voltage reversal, thus the invention is rendered more tolerant to voltage reversal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the typical solid polymer fuel cell.    Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell (1)
NOVELTY - An anode structure comprises an anode catalyst layer containing a hydrated polymer, which holds more water than 30 wt.% of fully hydrated perfluorosulfonic ionomer with 1100 equivalent weight.    USE - For use in a fuel cell, e.g. acid electrolyte fuel cell, solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and direct feed methanol fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention renders improved tolerance to voltage reversal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (A) a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell (1) with improved voltage reversal tolerance, comprising a cathode (3), a solid polymer electrolyte (4), and an anode (2) having the anode structure and the anode catalyst layer located between the substrate and the solid polymer electrolyte; and (B) a method of increasing the voltage reversal tolerance of a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, comprising increasing the water content in the acid catalyst layer by incorporating the hydrated polymer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the solid polymer fuel cell.    Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell (1)    Anode (2)    Cathode (3)    Solid polymer electrolyte (4)
NOVELTY - Proton conducting material contains a carbonaceous material based on carbon, as a base material into which a proton dissociating group is introduced.    USE - The material is used in electrochemical devices such as solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells for automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - Proton conductivity is possible under a normal temperature in a dry atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) manufacture of a proton conducting material by introducing a proton dissociating group into the carbonaceous material; and    (b) an electrochemical device where the proton conducting material is inserted between a pair of electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the fullerene cluster.
NOVELTY - The method involves charging secondary battery (11) to a minimum charging capacity necessary to start operation of fuel cell (13). The battery is charged corresponding to external temperature so as to start the fuel cell.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables start-up of fuel cell even at low temperature as the battery is charged based on external temperature and at capacity necessary to start the cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hybrid battery control apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hybrid battery system.    Secondary battery (11)    Fuel cell (13)
NOVELTY - An internal ROM stores initial output characteristics of a fuel cell stack (15), based on which request electric current (I out 1) is calculated and made to correspond to output electric current (I sen). Based on output electric current and voltage (VSEN), the actual output is calculated. The electricity generation state of the fuel cell stock is judged by comparing the actual output and request output.    USE - For fuel cell system of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents reduction in performers of motor vehicle even when fuel cell deteriorates, by suitably calculating actual output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of fuel cell system.    Fuel cell stack (15)
NOVELTY - Battery (B) is charged by supplying electric power through electric power supply line (L1) and discharged through electric power supply line (L2). Voltage measurement unit (Vm) measures the voltage from line (L2). A judging unit (3A) judges whether discharge voltage from line (L2) exceeds preset threshold value and fluctuates from reference voltage values, based on which degradation of battery is detected.    USE - For hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Degradation of battery is detected economically with high accuracy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the basic composition of battery degradation detector.    Judging unit (3A)    Battery (B)    Electric power supply lines (L1,L2)    Voltage measurement unit (Vm)
NOVELTY - A voltage detector circuit (22) measures the terminal voltage of the battery, which is then converted into digital value by an A/D converter. A Zener diode limits the upper limit voltage of the A/D converter.    USE - For motor vehicle and motorcycle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents spark generation during connection of lead storage battery. Even when electromotive force loss is small, degradation state of battery is detected with high precision.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of life span judging apparatus.    Voltage detector circuit (22)
NOVELTY - The inner area of a battery jar (1) is divided into several cells, so that a laminated electrode group formed by inserting a separator (6) between the anode and cathode plates, is received in each cell. The electrode groups received in the cells are serially connected so that the external anode and cathode terminals are connected to the free anode and cathode provided at the cells at the extreme ends.    USE - Lead storage battery for electric power unit of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents short circuit between the exterior anode and cathode terminals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the lead storage battery.    Battery jar (1)    Separator (6)
NOVELTY - A battery jar (1) has serially connected 18 sets of electrode groups. The battery jar is divided into two sections and each section has 9 cell chambers. Anode and cathode exterior terminals are arranged on lid of one section.    USE - For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since battery jar is separated by providing sufficient space, short circuit generation due to vibration etc is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of lead storage battery.    Battery jar (1)
NOVELTY - A fuel electrode (2) is formed on an electrolyte board (1) formed on an oxidizing agent electrode (3). A separator (7) provided on the fuel electrode, separates liquid and gas. A liquid fuel retainer (6) is connected to the separator.    USE - Fuel cell such as phosphoric acid type fuel cell, molten carbonate type fuel cell, solid electrolyte type fuel cell, alkaline electrolyte type fuel cell, methanol fuel cell, hydrazine fuel cell, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Improves battery characteristics and life span, by preventing immersion of electrode to liquid fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the cross-sectional chart showing the structure of fuel cell.    Electrolyte board (1)    Fuel electrode (2)    Oxidizing agent electrode (3)    Liquid fuel retainer (6)    Separator (7)
NOVELTY - The negative electrode plate contains the mixture of resin coating type lignin powder and lignin powder not coated by the resin.    USE - Used as electric power unit such as uninterruptible electric power supply for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Durability of lead storage battery is increased by inhibiting the dissolution rate of lignin powder from negative electrode plate.
NOVELTY - Grooves (13,14) for flow of oxygen and hydrogen, are formed in the primary and secondary plates. Oxygen gas supply pipe connected with groove (13), is provided to the center section of primary plate. The groove (13) is formed, such that oxygen gas from supply pipe is circulated towards the circumference of first plate.    USE - For use as battery of motor for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables simple treatment of water in anode by reaction of hydrogen ion and oxygen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell usage method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and bottom view of plate of fuel cell.    Grooves (13,14)
NOVELTY - A controller (12) maintains the voltage of main battery (4). When the supply of voltage from the main battery of the vehicle stops or falls below the set voltage, the controller switches the auxiliary battery to supply voltage.    USE - For emergency report system.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains reliable operation even during voltage drop or at the time of failure of a main battery, accident, engine start, since an auxiliary battery is provided to assist the main battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the vehicle mounted terminal equipment.    Main battery (4)    Controller (12)
NOVELTY - A control circuit (18) changes power supply from standard battery (7) to auxiliary battery (19) when source voltage of standard battery fall below fixed value and also when elapsing fixed time after turn ON of ACC power source by key switch (8).    USE - For emergency message reporting during accident, fire, sudden illness.    ADVANTAGE - Useless power source consumption of auxiliary battery is prevented by power source control circuit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for urgent message report system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of urgent report system terminal.    Batteries (7,19)    Key switch (8)    Control circuit (18)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon fuel is converted to a gaseous product stream, including hydrogen for use in fuel cell stack, by positioning a catalytic reactor under a heater with its discharge end connected with an inlet of the reactor, recirculating the gases through the heater and the reactor, heating the gases in the heater, and monitoring a temperature of the gases between the discharged end of the heater and the inlet of the reactor.    USE - For converting a hydrocarbon fuel to a gaseous product stream including hydrogen for use in a fuel cell or power source.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides an indication of significant failure, e.g. cracked welds, leaks, and catalyst bed problems, by its measurement of temperature and rate-of-change of temperature. It also protects the catalyst beds that are very temperature sensitive, as well as key system components, thus making it a very cost-effective approach to diagnose overall system problems.
NOVELTY - A running wheel for a wheeled vehicle has a bearing axle and a tire made from transparent plastic. A coil connected with a light source is embedded in the tire. This operates with a magnet located on the vehicle, in the neighborhood of the tire to produce a lighting effect. The coil is located in a radial region of the tire near its running face.    USE - For wheeled vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement is simple, maintenance-free, compact and technically simple to implement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the wheel arrangement for a bicycle.    Tire (2)    Bicycle fork (4)    Permanent magnet (6)    Coil (8)
NOVELTY - High temperature fuel cell consists of a cathode, an electrolyte and an anode. The cathode has a perovskite composition and the electrolyte is an ion conductor. In the region of the boundary surface cathode/electrolyte the perovskite of the cathode material partially decomposes into its oxides and there are an increased number of micropores having pore sizes of less than 2 microns.    USE - Used in block-type thermal power stations having a decentralized energy supply and for power stations having a central power supply.    ADVANTAGE - The cell has long term stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of the high temperature fuel cell comprising forming a fuel cell from known materials for the cathode, electrolyte and anode, and subjecting the cell to a cathodic over-voltage at the working temperature of the cell until there is no more reduction of the inner resistance of the cell.
NOVELTY - A vehicle roof with a solar generator (18) rigidly attached outside to a fixed roof skin (10) is described for the generation of solar current for the vehicle. The solar generator can be adjusted between a first spatially compact position and a second spatially less compact position in which its active solar area projected upon the roof plane is greater than in the first position. Outside on the fixed roof skin, a fastening element extending in the longitudinal direction of the roof is attached which works as a fastening for the solar generator at least in the second position. The solar generator comprises several flat solar elements (22,24).    USE - For generation of solar current for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Highest possible supply of solar power with less than proportional increase in price.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the roof with the solar panel mounted.    fixed roof skin (10)    solar generator (18)    solar elements (22,24)
NOVELTY - A power supply installation unit for hidden tyre pressure tester is composed of air valve casing and power supply installing holder fixed to said air valve casing by screw and positioned outside the pyre. The power supply is installed in its holder. Its one electrode is electrically connected to air valve casing and its another electrode is electrically connected to the tyre pressure tester hiddenin tyre via valve rod insulated to the air valve casing, so the tyre pressure tester can be electrically powered by external power supply.
NOVELTY - A design method for motor-driven vehicle to transfer and store energy includes three design schemes in electric, pneumatic and electric-pneumatic integrated areas. In drive mechanism, a power drive unit and energy-accumulating electric generator or compressor, energy-accumulating accumulator or air-accumulating unit, booster and related control systems are designed. The accessories of original engine is shifted to power drive unit. The idle energy, braking energy and kinetic energy are accumulated for stand-by use, and may also be connected to external electrical line for power supply charging, etc. Its advantages are optimized effect, saving energy, low consumption, high safety and high speed.
NOVELTY - When the condition that the amount of electricity stored in a battery (17) for an electric motor measured by storage state monitoring means (15) and (24) is larger than a predetermined storage threshold, the engine of a vehicle is idling, engine speed is in a prescribed range, the load on the engine is within a prescribed range is satisfied, damping control means is allowed to carry out the damping control.    USE - Control device for battery of hybrid vehicle    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the control device.    Battery (17)    Storage state monitoring means (15 and 24)
NOVELTY - A microporous layer is coated on a temporary carrier substrate and a substrate is then laminated to the microporous layer, prior to removing the temporary carrier substrate from the microporous layer.    USE - For use in electrochemical cells, capacitors, fuel cells, ink jet printing media, and filtration media.    ADVANTAGE - The method reduces surface roughness and non-uniformities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The microporous layer may comprise one or more microporous xerogel layers. Optionally the microporous layer assembly may comprise one or more non-microporous coating layers which are in contact with at least one of the microporous xerogel layers, and one of the non-microporous coating layers may be coated on the temporary carrier substrate prior to coating the microporous layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows manufacturing steps.    non-microporous coating step (41)    non-microporous coating layer (103)    microporous layer assembly (15)    temporary carrier substrate (2)    non-microporous coating layer (101)    microporous layer (102)    microporous layer assembly (18)    lamination step (60)    substrate (201)    microporous layer/substrate assembly (19)    article (20)    removal step (70)
NOVELTY - The circuit has an auxiliary battery (14) whose voltage is lower than the primary battery voltage. The stored energy is released for specific period to output power relevant to the auxiliary battery voltage level. A booster module boosts the auxiliary battery voltage relevant to the primary voltage level.    USE - For providing power to various electrical equipment, non-volatile memory in vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Provides adequate power to memory during interruption of vehicle power supply, thereby data loss is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrical power back-up.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of back-up power circuit.    Auxiliary battery (14)
NOVELTY - Plant has converging air intake placed inside vehicle body. Mounted at air intake outlet is wind wheel that functions to set electric generator rotor in rotary motion. Generator is coupled with electric motor that charges storage battery. Air intake is not arranged over entire length of body and has its outlet under bottom of body tail; air stream arriving therein provides for air cushion under body tail which raises carrying capacity of vehicle. In its front part, air intake may be made of transparent material and in next part, of metal sheet.    USE - Wind-power engineering for driving vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Improved efficiency.
NOVELTY - The construction machinery comprises generator (2) driven by engine (1) to generate power. The power is extracted through an output terminal (4) provided at the exterior of the machinery.    USE - Such as shovel, hydraulic excavator.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of generator and exterior output terminal enables to provide power to the lighting system, electric drill in construction site.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of construction machinery.    Engine (1)    Generator (2)    Output Terminal (4)
NOVELTY - Battery (12) supplying electricity to motor of the machinery, is provided along the inner side of wall of vehicle. The wall is made up of highly heat conductive material.    USE - For construction machinery such as hybrid shovel.    ADVANTAGE - Attains size reduction, prevents damage of battery by exterior environment, as battery is provided along the inner side of wall of vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire schematic side view of hybrid shovel.    Battery (12)
NOVELTY - A metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) (14) supplies electric-power to the lamp (3) from a battery and provides self-cut-off function during excessive temperature rise. A timer starts operation from electricity supply start moment. During excessive temperature, the MOSFET cuts-off and when temperature is below predetermined value, it starts operating again.    USE - For vehicle electric-power supply apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Protection of MOSFET is enabled, as it cuts-off automatically during temperature rise.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the lamp starter.    Lamp (3)    MOSFET (14)
NOVELTY - A battery ECU (20) judges if a hybrid vehicle is in a stoppage state. The battery ECU detects the terminal voltage of each battery block (12-1-12-m) of the group battery (10), and evaluates the existence of abnormality of the group battery based on the detection result when the hybrid vehicle is judged to be in the stoppage state.    USE - For detecting abnormality, such as fine short circuit, of group battery of hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Raises detection accuracy of fine short circuit on battery cell level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the group battery inspection apparatus of hybrid vehicle.    Group battery (10)    Battery block (12-1-12-m)    Battery ECU (20)
NOVELTY - The battery has a fluororesin layer (4) applied in the gap between the sides of the positive electrode (1) and separator (2) to make the positive electrode and separator adhere. The thickness of the fluororesin layer is set within the level of a bearing.    USE - Used in electric power unit of electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Has improved productivity due to prevented gap between electrode plate and separator and uniform space of electrode plate. Has improved safety, prolonged battery life span, and uniform electrode plate temperature and current density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The positive electrode and a negative plate (3) are electrically isolated by the separator to prevent short circuit in a container. The container is filled with electrolytes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional drawing in thickness direction showing the precursor of the electrode component of the battery.    Positive electrode (1)    Separator (2)    Negative plate (3)    Fluororesin layer (4)
NOVELTY - A laminating component (1) for laminating a positive or negative electrode (2,3) through a separator (4) is sealed in the controlling valve type lead storage battery. The double side end face of each separator of the laminating component abuts inside a battery jar (5).    USE - Used for e.g. for motor vehicle, electric vehicle (EV).    ADVANTAGE - Improves efficiency in releasing heat.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-section front elevation of the controlling valve type lead storage battery    Laminating component (1)    Positive electrode (2)    Negative electrode (3)    Separator (4)    Battery jar (5)
NOVELTY - An attachment body passes through a through hole (41a) formed on each fuel cell component. A supply hole (41e) is formed on an end plate for the supply of hydrogen gas or oxygen gas. The supply hole is connected to the through hole.    USE - Used for battery of motor in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Protects each component of fuel cell reliably. Improves sealing performance since hydrogen gas or oxygen gas introduced from supply hole is guided to through hole, thus gas does not leak from end plate side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal sectional drawing of the fuel cell stack.    Through hole (41a)    Supply hole (41e)
NOVELTY - A turbo assistant compressor (4) supplies an oxidizing agent gas to a fuel cell (2). A methanol pump hydrocarbon storage unit (6) stores inflammable fuel supplied to a burner (3) which burns unused heating gas of the fuel cell.    USE - For generating electricity used in e.g. motor vehicle, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Net output is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell generates electricity according to electrochemical reaction of the oxidizing agent gas that contains oxygen and heating gas containing hydrogen. A turbine (41) is rotated by the waste gas of the burner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (2)    Burner (3)    Turbo assistant compressor (4)    Methanol pump hydrocarbon storage unit (6)    Turbine (41)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (20) is provided with a fuel passageway which interrupts an exhaust system. A pure hydrogen supplies unit (30) supplies pure hydrogen to the fuel gas passageway. A compulsive style generation unit (40) alternately generates a gas flow with a direction different from the fuel gas passageway.    USE - For generating electricity used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves energy efficiency since amount of distribution of battery electricity generations which originate in distance from fuel supply aperture is solved. Enables easy draining of liquid waste generated within fuel gas passageway. Improves output of motor vehicle and fuel consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (20)    Pure hydrogen supplies unit (30)    Compulsive style generation unit (40)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion unit occludes a portion of hydrogen gas from a hydrogen gas supply source (2) between a first plate and a electrolysis unit, and releases the occluded hydrogen gas depending on necessity. An oxygen gas supply source is provided between a collector and a catalyst layer.    USE - For generating electrical energy by reaction of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.    ADVANTAGE - Adequate hydrogen gas corresponding to required output is supplied even when magnitude of required electric output value fluctuates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A negative plate dissociates hydrogen gas into a hydrogen ion and an electron. The electrolysis unit permits the movement of the hydrogen ion. Positive electrodes, to which the hydrogen ion, the electron and an oxygen gas are made to react and form water, are provided to the first plate. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system to which the fuel cell is provided.    Hydrogen gas supply source (2)
NOVELTY - Through holes (41a) for hydrogen gas or oxygen gas are formed in the thickness direction of the separator (41) as a flow path. Grooves (41e) for supplying hydrogen gas or oxygen gas to each component of a fuel cell are formed on the side. Pipes (51) for securing bearing are arranged opposite gaskets on the peripheral edges of the grooves.    USE - For fuel cell applied to battery of e.g. motor vehicle, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Leakage of hydrogen gas or oxygen gas between seal and separator is prevented. Stabilizes operation of reliable fuel cell. Slack in groove is eliminated. Adhesion of separator is satisfactorily maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the structure of separator near the through hole.    Separator (41)    Through holes (41a)    Grooves (41e)    Pipes (51)
NOVELTY - The lithium secondary battery has rectangular collector tabs (5A,5B) pressed and attached to a positive electrode board (2) or a negative electrode plate (3). The positive electrode board and negative electrode plate are laminated with a separator (4) in between, forming an internal electrode body (1).    USE - Used in electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures stable discharge of heavy current with sufficient yield. Prevents battery cycle degradation and reduces dispersion in resistance distribution of each collector tab due to reduced resistance in press attachment portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective diagram showing the internal electrode body structure of the lithium secondary battery.    Internal electrode body (1)    Positive electrode board (2)    Negative electrode plate (3)    Separator (4)    Collector tabs (5A,5B)
NOVELTY - The lead storage battery (10) has eighteen sets of electrodes connected serially and received in a battery jar (1). A positive exterior terminal (3) and a negative exterior terminal (4) are arranged in diagonal position by the battery cover (2).    USE - For electric power unit of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Can be mounted in small spaces e.g. engine room of a motor vehicle. Reduces external short circuits due to long distance between exterior terminals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The interior of the battery jar is divided into cell chambers by partition. The electrode groups, each comprising of laminated positive and negative electrode boards with separator in between, are received in each cell chamber. The positive and negative exterior terminals are fixed to the battery cover sealing the top opening of the battery jar.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exterior perspective diagram of the lead storage battery.    Battery jar (1)    Battery cover (2)    Positive exterior terminal (3)    Negative exterior terminal (4)    Lead storage battery (10)
NOVELTY - The charger has a nickel hydrogen secondary battery (10) and a lithium secondary battery (11) arranged along a gas path. Heat radiation fins (12,13) with good heat conductivity are arranged at the outer sides of both secondary batteries.    USE - For storage battery of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures safety and stable charging and discharging due to prevented temperature fluctuation of the secondary batteries through endothermic reaction of heat and gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the charger.    Nickel hydrogen secondary battery (10)    Lithium secondary battery (11)    Heat radiation fins (12,13)
NOVELTY - The battery storage structure has pillar-shaped electric power units (29) inserted in a battery case for electric power units (25). Several cylindrical batteries (28) are collectively arranged in the electric power units pointing to a central line.    USE - For electric power units of electrically-assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - Does not obstruct operation of bicycle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery case is attached to the frame of an electrically-assisted bicycle in longitudinal direction. The batteries are arranged in a row perpendicular to the central line in the electrical power units with the surrounding surfaces of the batteries in contact to the electrical power units.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical side view of the battery case containing batteries of the battery storage structure.    Battery case for electric power units (25)    Batteries (28)    Electric power units (29)
NOVELTY - Two support bodies (2,3) hold both ends of number of cells (1). Each connecting body performs the electric serial connection of the cells. An outgoing line is connected to the connection bodies.    USE - Used for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables accurate battery control for every cell using inexpensive component since charging state of battery can be confirmed through outgoing line as part of detection component. Ensures efficient wiring of outgoing line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of group battery.    Cells (1)    Support bodies (2,3)
NOVELTY - The electric power unit modules are provided inside a holder case (2) molded with an insulating material. The electric power unit lines (5) with predetermined width and thickness of a metal plate are installed at a normal position in a line insertion concave portion (9) formed in the surface of the holder case. The output terminal (4) of the holder case is connected to the electric power unit modules and lines.    USE - For electric motor of e.g. hybrid vehicle, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables simple wiring operation of electric power device through simple installation of electric power unit lines. Ensures efficient cooling of electric power unit modules inside holder case.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of internal structure of electric power device.    Holder case (2)    Output terminal (4)    Electric power unit lines (5)    Line insertion concave portion (9)
NOVELTY - Both ends of the batteries (1) are supported by the support plates of the support bodies (2,3). The connection bodies (4) for fixing the batteries on the outer side of the support bodies, perform the electric serial connection of the batteries. An elastic body is provided between the support bodies and connection bodies.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures reliable connection between batteries and connection bodies using inexpensive components. Eliminates distortion in a battery module even when there is length unevenness of battery. Stabilizes battery connection in state wherein deformation of elastic body is suppressed to minimum.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fragmentary sectional view of group battery.    Batteries (1)    Support bodies (2,3)    Connection bodies (4)
NOVELTY - A metal cooling plate (2) is stuck on an outer surface of a battery jar (1) made of an insulating material. The battery jar which contains a battery component is filled with electrolyte. A lid is attached to an opening formed on the upper portion of the battery jar.    USE - Used for e.g. motor vehicle, electric vehicle (EV).    ADVANTAGE - Increases heat release efficiency from outer surface of battery jar.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the battery jar of the lead storage battery.    Battery jar (1)    Metal cooling plate (2)
NOVELTY - A flow path (23) formed just before a discharge opening (19), sets up ratio of pressure to flow-rate through a large flow-rate high-pressure region from a small flow-rate low-pressure region, within limits to obtain a predetermined efficiency in air supply.    USE - For air supply to fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains predetermined discharge pressure proportional to the flow rate, by setting the ratio of pressure to flow rate through the large flow-rate high-pressure region within limit, thereby enables to supply air to the fuel battery with the predetermined efficiency. The flow path is arranged in a predetermined position, thereby avoids the requirement of external control to adjust the pressure, thereby simplifies the component. Deviates the suction completion stage to early stage of compression start.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Two mutually meshing rotors (3,5) are accommodated in a housing (7).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of the principal components of screw compressor.    Rotors (3,5)    Housing (7)    Discharge opening (19)    Flow path (23)
NOVELTY - A generator (12) which supplies power to accessories such as laser pointer (6), is provided on elevation stand (4). A generator driving mechanism (13), which is interlocked with the elevating structure, drives the generator.    USE - For operating accessories such as laser pointer in elevation stand in forklift truck.    ADVANTAGE - Is compact and attaches easily to mast. Does not hinder field of view of driver. Power supply is made continuous to the accessories without disturbance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side view of a forklift truck provided with power supply apparatus for attached machines.    Elevation stand (4)    Laser pointer (6)    Generator (12)    Driving mechanism (13)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen supply system (1) includes a modifier (3) which forms hydrogen from raw materials e.g. alcohol and gasoline. The hydrogen formed is occluded and stored in the reservoir (15) which releases hydrogen to the fuel battery (2). The reservoir has storage units (151,152) equipped with hydrogen occlusion materials (MH1,MH2) respectively.    USE - To supply hydrogen to fuel battery of electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen reservoir releases occluded stored hydrogen to the fuel battery during battery start-up and vehicle acceleration. The amount of hydrogen occluded is increased by separating high temperature hydrogen from the low temperature hydrogen. The occlusion of hydrogen with different temperature is performed accurately by hydrogen occlusion materials contained in separate storage units. The start-up of fuel battery and acceleration of electric vehicle are smoothly performed, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high temperature hydrogen and low temperature hydrogen formed by the modifier are separated. The high temperature hydrogen is occluded by the material (MH1) and stored in the unit (151) and the low temperature hydrogen is stored in the unit (152) after occlusion by the material (MH2). The hydrogen stored in the reservoir (15) is supplied to the fuel battery (2). During the battery start up, hydrogen stored in the storage unit (152) is supplied to the battery and during acceleration of electric vehicle, hydrogen is supplied from the storage unit (151) in addition to hydrogen supplied from the modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen supply system.    Hydrogen supply system (1)    Fuel battery (2)    Modifier (3)    Reservoir (15)    Storage units (151,152)    Hydrogen occlusion materials (MH1,MH2)
NOVELTY - A thermoelement is provided in exhaust path of engine (1) at upstream side of a catalyst (3). When catalyst is in inactive state, electric power is forcibly supplied to thermoelement.    USE - For power generation in motor vehicles using heat of exhaust gas.    ADVANTAGE - When catalyst is inactive, exhaust gas temperature is raised, hence power generation efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic component of exhaust heat electrical power generating device.    Engine (1)    Catalyst (3)
NOVELTY - The control apparatus comprises an output assist by a motor (M) with respect to the engine (E) output can be limited to be stopped in a high speed-driving mode. The control has a section to stop the operation of the motor from assisting the engine output when the engine output is assisted by the motor and the speed of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined first threshold value.    USE - For use as a control apparatus of a hybrid vehicle to limit or stop output assist using a motor in a high-speed driving module.    ADVANTAGE - The system increases the battery capacity and thereby causing excessive discharge of the battery. Another section is used to regenerate operation of the motor when the motor of the vehicle exceeds a second threshold value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph of the relationship between variable speed and assisted output.
NOVELTY - A cover (6), made from rubber, has a narrow box-like configuration with a tubular portion (7) encompassing the braided connecting wire (3). The ends form post terminal covers (8). Slits (9) formed in the side walls of the tubular portion allow the covers to be bent upwards. Thus the terminal can be exposed while the main part of the cover remains in place. The cover, which is easily mounted, can accommodate varying distances between posts. It will resist removal by vibration forces transmitted via the batteries (5).    USE - Provides an improved one-piece cover or a battery terminal post e.g. for electromotive vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a convenient, one-piece, battery terminal cover having simple construction and able to accommodate a distance variation between pairs of terminals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows one-piece cover for a battery terminal post.    Connecting wire (3)    Batteries (5)    Cover (6)    Tubular portion (7)    Covers (8)    Slits (9)
NOVELTY - A proton conductor comprises a fullerene derivative with proton (H+) releasable groups(s) introduced to carbon component of the fullerene molecule.    USE - For use in a fuel cell for automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - The proton conductor is less atmosphere-dependent and is used in a wide temperature range without moisture. It is uniquely and efficiently manufactured without any binder resin. The protons are easily releasable and exhibit high conductivity. The fuel cell does not require modifier thus, it can be made small and simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) method of manufacturing a proton conductor comprising introducing proton releasable group(s) to a carbon component of the fullerene molecule to form a fullerene derivative, and press molding fullerene derivative powder into the desired shape; and,    (B) a fuel cell comprising proton conductor between its two electrodes.
NOVELTY - A conductive main body (10) is connected at one end with a clamp (11) for the battery terminal. The other end has a carrier (12) for a cable. The display unit (20) mounted on the main body, includes the display (21) and a printed circuit board (22). A window (30) protects the display unit.    USE - A battery connector for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Not only does this battery terminal connect to other equipment, it also displays the state of the battery. No other test equipment is required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - An exploded view of the terminal is presented.    conductive main body (10)    clamp (11)    carrier (12)    display unit (20)    display (21)    printed circuit board (22)    window (30)
NOVELTY - In the generation of hydrogen (H2) in a reformer supplied with a mixture (II) containing hydrocarbons, the gas containing H2 produced is (partly) recycled to the reformer and added with (II).    USE - The process is used for generating H2 in a vehicle, which has fuel cells for the drive and/or supply to electricity consumers, in which the reformer preferably is supplied with a vehicle fuel as (II), air as mixture containing oxygen and also water (vapor) (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Recycling (part of) the H2 makes reforming more efficient and inhibits soot formation by increasing the water concentration in the reformer. The efficiency of associated fuel cells is also increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas streams in a vehicle with the specified hydrogen drive (Diagram includes non-English language text).    Autothermal reformer (1)    Fuel cell system (2)    Air supply (4)    Water supply (5)    Petrol tank (6)
NOVELTY - Arrangement for the wireless supply of electrical energy to a number of sensors and/or actuators (1.1-1.s) mounted on a machine (2) comprises a micro-fuel cell with attached fuel tank integrated into the sensors and/or actuators. The cell converts the fuel, preferably methanol, into electrical energy to supply the sensors.    USE - For sensors used for measuring temperature, pressure, current and voltage and for actuators in micromechanical, piezoelectrical, electrochemical, magnetostrictive, electrostrictive, electrostatic or electromagnetic applications.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement is reliable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a sensor or actuator provided with an electrical energy store (7).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the arrangement.    Sensors and/or actuators (1.1-1.s)    Machine (2)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system comprises a water tank (19), a reformer (13), a fuel cell (29), a condenser (35), a waste gas temperature detector which measures the temperature of the waste gas from the condenser, and an operating pressure control device. This device calculates an equilibrium operating pressure of the fuel cell system, at which water flowing into and out of the system are in equilibrium.    USE - Vehicle fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The operational pressure of the fuel cell is controlled so that it does not need to be filled with water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for controlling the operational pressure of a fuel cell system comprising detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas from the condenser, calculating the equilibrium operational pressure of the fuel cell, calculating operational load of the maximum degree of operation, and controlling the operational pressure of the fuel cell system.    Preferred Features: The system further comprises a combustor (37) which uses the reformed gas to obtain the heat of combustion for use as a heat source for the reformer; and a water level detector in the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the fuel cell system.    reformer (13)    water tank (19)    fuel cell (29)    condenser (35)    combustor (37)
NOVELTY - An active composition for cathode of lead-acid accumulator contains Outelawen W (0.01-0.3 Wt.%) besides Pb powder, xylitol (0.2 Wt.%), alpha or beta naphthalene acid (0.2% wt. %) and barium sulfate (0.3 Wt.%). Experiments prove that its capacity is 46.56AH for 0.1CA or 26.19AH for 1CA at -42 deg.C and its discharge time is 228 seconds for 3CA or 12 second for 10CA.    USE - The cathode is used in a lead acid accumulator for a car.    ADVANTAGE - The accumulator has excellent ordinary and low temperature start performance when used as 12V54AH start accumulator of car.
NOVELTY - An oxygen separating membrane (210) comprises: (a) a backbone (236) with an array of interconnected pores (238) extending between its two surfaces and (b) a hydroxide ion conductor (210) extending through the pores from the first to the second surface.    USE - The membrane is used for pressure driven and electric power driven oxygen separation.    ADVANTAGE - The membrane provides up to five times higher ionic conductivity and surface oxygen exchange rate than conventional MIEC (mixed ionic-electronic conducting) membranes and operates at a significantly lower temperature, thus reducing overall costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) A method of fabricating an oxygen-conductive membrane comprising:    (a) forming a porous backbone by mixing a ceramic powder and fiber, molding under pressure and sintering;    (b) inserting an electrolyte (242) into the pores to provide a hydroxide-conducting pathway between the surfaces; and    (c) providing an anode (214) and a cathode (212) respectively on the first and second surface to reduce oxygen at the anode and reoxidize hydroxide ions at the cathode.    (2) Systems for separating oxygen from air using the new membrane or any hydroxyl-conducting membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a representation of various steps in the fabrication of the membrane.    Hydroxide conductive membrane (210)    Cathode (212)    Anode (214)    Catalyst (232, 234)    Porous ceramic backbone (236)    Pores (238)    Metallization (240)    Electrolyte (242)
The fuel cell stack has at least one cell for cleaning reformer gas and at least one current generating cell. A bifunctional fuel cell unit can be used which acts either as a cleaning cell or current generating cell depending on the applied voltage. The anode of the cleaning cell has a potential greater than 0.4 V. The reformer comprises a fuel cell stack and an exhaust gas catalytic converter.    During the cleaning process the reformer gas is introduced to at least one fuel cell where CO is electrochemically oxidized to form CO2.    USE -   In mobile and/or stationary fuel cell assemblies, e.g. electric traction.    ADVANTAGE -   Reformer gas which is used as process and/or exhaust gas, is cleaned of CO without need for increased oxygen supply.
A device for detecting the temperature at least one measurement site or location, such as a point and/or a zone of a fuel-cell stack and/or of a fuel-cell unit and which relays the data to a computer unit for computing a model, and in which the computer unit then determines the temperature distribution of the stack with the help of a computed model and relays this information to a control device, by means of which the temperature in the stack can be regulated.    The fuel-cell unit is a PEM- or a HTM-fuel cell and/or the fuel- cell stack comprises a PEM- or HTM-fuel cell.    USE -   For powering electric motors.    ADVANTAGE -   Prevents reduction in stack efficiency as result of inaccurate temperature measurement, and shortening of life of structural parts on account of material overloading.
A high-temperature-polymer-electrolyte-membrane (HTM) fuel cell operates largely independently of the water content in the cell, and specifically contains a drying agent/desiccant. The HTM-fuel cell installation has at least one HTM-fuel-cell unit which can operate at a working pressure of up to 0.3 bar partial vacuum and/or a temperature above the boiling point of water and below the decomposition and/or melting temperature of the structural parts.    More specifically, the fuel cell installation can operate at a working pressure of 0.3 up to 5 bar absolute, and/or at a working temperature of 80 dec C up to 300 dec C.    ADVANTAGE -   Conceptionally same as PEM-fuel cell but does not have problems, such as dependency on water content in cell etc. associated with PEM-fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A handle (22) with two end portions coupled to rope portion, is coupled to battery container (12). End portions (40) having two longitudinally extending legs and arm extending outwardly from each leg, are adapted to be positioned extending through channel with arms disposed adjacent to lower surface, if channel side walls engage arms, to prevent end portion from vertical movement within channel.    USE - Battery with rope-type carrying handle used for starting, lighting, and ignition in automotive, recreational and other applications.    ADVANTAGE - Minimizes fabrication and inventory costs, since a standard container is utilized and the handle requires no specialized tooling to be associated with the container mold.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the end view of battery and rope handle.    Battery container (12)    Handle (22)    End portion (40)
NOVELTY - The counter EMF energy generated during switch OFF of power supply to the solenoids (101a-104a), is collected and stored in the capacitors (C10,C20). The energy is stored in the capacitors by switch ON/OFF of a transistor (T00) by an oscillator (110). The capacitors are connected in series with a battery. The energy storage in capacitors is controlled based on battery voltage.    USE - For drive control of electromagnetic drive type solenoid used in fuel injector of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces heat generation of capacitors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solenoids are driven by the transistors (T10,T20,T30,T40). The transistors (T11,T12,T21,T22) are switched ON/OFF to enable constant current drive of the solenoids.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electric circuit diagram of drive unit.    Solenoids (101a-104a)    Oscillator (110)    Capacitors (C10,C20)    Transistors (T00,T10,T11,T12,T20,T21,T22,T30, T40)
NOVELTY - The lithium secondary battery comprises lithium manganate as positive electrode active material and carbon material as negative electrode active material which can occlude and release lithium. The positive electrode active material is an aggregate of carbon fiber and lithium manganate primary particle.    USE - As power source for notebook personal computer, portable telephone, VTR camera and vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The lithium secondary battery excels in discharge property, cycle life and preservation property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of cylindrical lithium secondary battery.
NOVELTY - The power generation employs a microorganism, or a cell, and electrodes. Electron transfer between the microorganism, or the cell and the electrodes is utilized for the power generation.    USE - The power generation utilizes a biometabolism. The electrodes are used for the power generation and the battery.    ADVANTAGE - Fixing the electron mediator to the electrodes prevents diffusion in dissolving the electron mediator in a solution, and allows the electron transfer in close proximity to the microorganism, or the cell, and the electrodes. Possibility of trapping the electron by an oxide material is reduced. Highly efficient power generation is available with the amount of the electron mediator reducing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electronic mediator is fixed to the surfaces of the electrodes. The electronic mediator mediates the electron transfer between the microorganism, or the cell and the electrodes.
NOVELTY - The battery has a temperature detection hole (12) with an open top, the bottom (12a) of the hole being in contact with the battery plates. A temperature sensor (13) is mounted in the hole (12) and engaging flanges interlock with corresponding hooks (14) adjacent to the hole. The sensor end (13a) is pressed against the bottom of the hole but can be easily removed by unclipping the flanges.    USE - To detect temperature of battery elements in electrically propelled vehicle    ADVANTAGE - Easy to assemble and maintain    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Cross section through rechargeable battery    Sensor hole (12)    Bottom of hole (12a)    Sensor (13)    End of sensor (13a)    Hooks (14)
NOVELTY - The tractor vehicle has a plane for covering the load surface provided by flexible solar strips or with attached flexible solar strips wound onto reel supported by framework positioned above load surface, as in DE 19935009. The vehicle has the main drive or an auxiliary drive provided by a gas engine using a cryofuel, used simultaneously for operation of an air-conditioning and/or refrigeration unit and for cooling the solarthermic system.    USE - The tractor vehicle can be used for road or rail transport, or for towing a camping van.    ADVANTAGE - The use of fuel is minimized by utilization of solar energy.
NOVELTY - Battery has an arrangement (12) for determination of whether there is sufficient remaining charge to fulfill a power requirement without exceeding a level of remaining charge that would cause damage to the battery. If the remaining charge is measured as being below a critical level then an internal switch (20) is switched to prevent further charge being taken from the battery.    USE - Protection circuit to prevent a rechargeable battery or accumulator from having charge drawn from it below a level at which the battery becomes damaged and cannot be properly recharged. The invention is particularly aimed at electric vehicles such as those used inside buildings.    ADVANTAGE - Battery damage is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A first discharge level can be set at which a visual or audible warning is issued to the battery user to warn of a low battery level and that the battery needs recharging. This level is set before the lower emergency level at which the battery is cut off to prevent damage to the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a perspective view of a battery and a protection circuit.    battery protection unit (12)    protective switch (20)    power drain. (30)
NOVELTY - The variation of voltages of a plurality of capacitors constituting a storage apparatus is reduced to secure stored power as possible by the following contrivance as large. A plurality of capacitor banks are provided in parallel in the storage apparatus. A part of the capacitor banks are not used in accordance with the current flowing in the storage apparatus. In the unused capacitor banks, the charge of each capacitor parallel circuit is separately discharged to uniform the terminal voltage of the capacitor parallel circuit.    USE - Power source system for driving vehicle    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Separate discharging circuit (25)    Capacitor bank (12)    Capacitor bank (13)    Discrete voltage detecting circuit (35)    Vehicle controller (36)
NOVELTY - Several electrochemical cells (5,6,7) are connected in series to a charger (1) for controlling the voltage and charging current. The voltage of each cell is continuously detected and when each cell reaches a predetermined voltage threshold, an increment is applied to the charging current to the multiple cells and a shunt resistance is connected in parallel with the first cell, the current in which is equal to the current increment.    USE - For electric vehicles or thermal vehicles with self-contained electric mode.    ADVANTAGE - Optimized charging using equipment of reduced weight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for charging multiple electrochemical cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an arrangement for performing the method.    Charger (1)    Electrochemical cells (5,6,7)
NOVELTY - A gasket has a gasket lip consisting of a liquid rubber hardened substance formed in one piece on the surface of a flat plate consisting of carbon, graphite, conductive resin such as conductive phenolic resin, ion exchange resin, or metal such as stainless steel and magnesium alloy, or in a groove formed in the above surface.    USE - Gasket for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Seal portion is thin. Assembling efficiency is improved. Deviation of position is prevented. Surface pressure is lowered and is uniform.
NOVELTY - A casing (12) containing the cells is covered by a primary cover (20) which has a splash barrel extending into cell. A secondary cover (40) bonded to the primary cover top, has an aperture (80) concentric with barrel. A baffling plug disposed in the aperture extends into its barrel.    USE - For controlling flow of gases from batteries of automobiles and trucks.    ADVANTAGE - Inhibits the escape of electrolytes from the battery cell while providing a controlled path for gases to escape, by providing baffling plug having a pair of splash guards in the fill holes for each cell. Enhances the life of batteries, by providing controlled flow path for the escape of hydrogen and oxygen, and preventing acid spewing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The baffling plug has a primary retention ring (82) for retaining the plug in the aperture. A secondary cover has O-shaped ridges concentric with C-shaped ridges of the primary cover. The joining of the O-shaped ridge with C-shaped ridge, creates a cylindrical barrier. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Electrolyte baffling plug;    (b) Battery cover    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded top perspective view of battery.    Casing (12)    Covers (20,40)    Aperture (80)    Primary retention ring (82)
NOVELTY - The battery comprises active material, sulfuric acid electrolyte and a macroporous high cross-linked organic polymer additive having sulfonic functional groups. At least a portion of organic polymer is incorporated into active material and in contact with metal impurity ion containing electrolyte to allow permeation of ion through porous polymer.    USE - As a portion of plate (negative plate) or as separator in lead acid battery.    ADVANTAGE - The new battery element inhibits the detrimental effect of soluble metal impurity on the negative plate and improves utilization efficiency of active materials and sulfuric acid electrolyte during discharge of battery. The capacity maintenance of negative active material is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high cross-linked organic polymer having sulfonic functional groups has affinity over lead ion for at least one electrolyte soluble metal impurity ion more nobler than lead at discharge/charge electrochemical conditions of positive and negative plates.
NOVELTY - The voltage measuring circuit has electronic circuit (40) to represent isolated battery cell segment voltage as proportional voltage referenced to ground. A voltage measurement node (48) associated with electronic circuit produces a voltage signal which is proportional to voltage across isolated battery cell segment.    USE - For measuring individual voltages in a series connected battery pack utilized with electric and hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Allows for a high degree of accuracy when measuring the lowest potential as well as the highest potential cell voltages. Provides a highly efficient electronic circuit which minimizes any loss within the circuit. Provides various switched components to prevent the leakage of current from the device when the circuit is not been used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The voltage measuring circuit has a number of energy storage cells (B1-B5). A voltage divider circuit (34) is connected to one of the energy storage cells so that each of the cells has an isolated battery cell segment voltage. The electronic circuit (40) has current mirror connected across the storage cell for regulating the current through voltage divider circuit. The voltage signal produced by the electronic circuit is sampled by A/D converter for monitoring by a processor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the electronic circuit for series battery pack.    Voltage divider circuit (34)    Electronic circuit (40)    Voltage measurement node (48)    Energy storage cells (B1-B5)
NOVELTY - Spring unit designed for driving vehicles and power generators is provided with self-controlled electric interrupter that functions to control torque and number of turns of flywheel ensuring continuous energy transfer to user within operating cycle of drive spring. In this way, rotational energy is continuously conveyed to user due to increasing operating time of drive spring for its untwisting.    USE - Mechanical engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Improved operating time of spring. 11 cl, 13 dwg
NOVELTY - The charge storage unit comprises lithium secondary battery group (10) and nickel-hydrogen secondary battery group (11) connected together by heat medium pipe (20). A circulating system (P) circulates heat medium (H) sealed in the pipe, to enable exchange of heat.    USE - For supplying power to motors of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Temperature fluctuation of battery, is prevented as endothermic reaction of Ni-H battery cools temperature rise of lithium battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of charge storage unit.    Lithium secondary battery (10)    Nickel-hydrogen secondary battery (11)    Heat medium (H)    Circulating system (P)
NOVELTY - Direction indicating magnet with magnet piece (8) and magnetic direction indicating needle, is fixedly mounted or embedded in between the poles (21a,21b) of the battery. Charging and discharging state of the battery is detected based on the change in the magnetic field of the magnet due to the change in the direction of electric current flowing in the battery.    USE - For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to detect the charging or discharging state of the battery by visual observation and to confirm the charging current and discharging current flowing in the battery without using complicated circuit structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Change in the direction of electric current flowing in the battery is indicated by the magnetic direction indication needle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of battery.    Magnet piece (8)    Battery poles (21a,21b)
NOVELTY - The battery management apparatus has battery current controller to inhibit charging and discharging electric current, based on failure of voltage sensor which is detected by voltage detector (12).    USE - For use in hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - During failure of voltage sensor, the abnormality in a battery is detected and hence the charging quantity of battery is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of battery management apparatus.    Voltage detector (12)
NOVELTY - The unit comprises lithium secondary battery (10) and nickel hydrogen secondary battery (11) thermally connected by good heat conductor (G). The conductor is arranged outside the batteries.    USE - For supplying power to motors of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Temperature fluctuation of batteries, heat generation from batteries by endothermic reaction are prevented by the provision of conductor. Stable charging and discharging is enabled as temperature fluctuation of batteries is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of charge storage unit.    Lithium secondary battery (10)    Nickel hydrogen secondary battery (11)    Heat conductor (G)
NOVELTY - The built in hygrometer (5) has humidity sensor (51a,51b) for hot and oxidation gases. The gases are diverted by switching valves (7a,7b) from the main routes (41a,41b) to the respective sensors through bias route (6a,6b).    USE - For use as stationary and mobile electricity generating units in electric vehicles, in research and development works.    ADVANTAGE - Since built in hygrometer measures humidity of hydrogen and oxygen, need for external measuring device is eliminated thereby making device compact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan and elevation views of the fuel cell.    Hygrometer (5)    Bias route (6a,6b)    Switching valves (7a,7b)    Main routes (41a,41b)    Humidity sensors (51a,51b)
NOVELTY - The cell connectors (2,2') on both sides of penetrating pore (1a) are pressed by successive application of welding force in the direction of penetrating pore. Electricity is supplied between cell connectors and resistance welding of cell connectors is performed. Preset welding force is applied to cell connectors during or after electricity supply and the welding portion (4) is cooled and solidified.    USE - For connecting cells of lead storage battery used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the welding portion is cooled and solidified after welding, flow out of melting lead is prevented and formation of air bubbles or crack inside the welding portion is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of cell connection method.    Penetrating pore (1a)    Cell connectors (2,2')    Welding portion (4)
NOVELTY - Inner flange (20B) of a resin cylinder supports an integrally molded electroconductive cylinder (20A) with a stepped base having central hole (20a). The upper step (20A) receives the bottom of upper battery (B1). The positive terminal (21) of lower battery (A) projects through the central hole.    USE - For connecting batteries serially to supply required voltage to power tools, electrical power assisted bicycle, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables batteries to get positioned automatically. Provides good and reliable insulation by using resin cylinder. Connection and insulation state of battery is secured satisfactorily after connection. Structure can be manufactured easily and inexpensively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of battery connection structure.    Central hole (20a)    Upper step (20A)    Inner flange (20B)    Positive terminal (21)    Batteries (A,B1)
NOVELTY - Injection nozzle and exhaust port (6) are provided between positive electrode terminal (3) and negative plate terminal (5). A projected liquid junction prevention weir (4) is provided to surround the terminals. A part of concave portion (7) provided close to injection nozzle and exhaust port is wide opened by edge part of lid (2).    USE - For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The formation of liquid junction due to scattering of electrolyte is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and sectional drawing of battery.    Positive electrode terminal (3)    Projected liquid junction prevention weir (4)    Negative plate terminal (5)    Exhaust port (6)    Concave portion (7)
NOVELTY - The controller (C) regulates a charger (G) operation depending on battery (B) capacity. A selector switch (51) in the drive cabin selects one of the display operation devices (53,54) either at car rear portion or in drive cabin. A power take off mechanism (PTO) transmits or cuts off motor (M) torque to the actuators (9,13,15).    USE - For high altitude work vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves operation efficiency by enabling operator to operate the controller by selecting display operation device provided to the car rear portion. Ensures stable and effective operation of the display operation device by enabling operation under stop condition of the vehicle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Controller operation state is discrete in a drive cabin and a car rear portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the battery operation control system and hydraulic circuit diagram of an industrial vehicle.    Actuators (9,13,15)    Selector switch (51)    Display operation device (53,54)    Battery (B)    Controller (C)    Charger (G)    Electric motor (M)    Power take off mechanism (PTO)
NOVELTY - A super heater which superheats saturated stream of coolant and a condenser (6) cools same coolant. An IC engine (1) is installed between the rotary electric machine (5). The engine is connected to a turbine (4) via a clutch (10). A control unit regulates operation of rotary electric machine based on running condition of IC engine.    USE - For mounting to vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Improves operation performance by control unit which regulates operation of rotary electric machine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of waste heat recovery system.    IC engine (1)    Turbine (4)    Rotary electric machine (5)    Condenser (6)    Clutch (10)
NOVELTY - The large frame (18) and small frame (19) are alternately provided in battery connection plate (1). The convex portion (34) are provided in battery connection plate to fit the large frame.    USE - For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Incorrect assembling of battery connection plate is eliminated and retention strength of connection plate is also increased due to the convex portion provided in battery connection plate. Spark generation and battery damage by short circuit is prevented, since pitch gap of battery connection plate is eliminated. Size and weight reduction of assembly is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of incorrect assembly prevention structure of battery connection plate.    Battery connection plate (1)    Large frame (18)    Small frame (19)    Convex portion (34)
NOVELTY - A rectifier (20) converts AC power generated by wind mill (10) to DC power. The DC power from rectifier along with solar energy and photocatalyst are used for electrolysis of water in electrolyzer (30) and photocatalyst apparatus (50). Hydrogen storage unit (40) stores hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis of water. The hydrogen gas is converted into DC power by fuel cell (60).    USE - For domestic and industrial applications.    ADVANTAGE - Since natural wind force and infinity available solar energy are used for electricity generation, fear of depletion of these resource is avoided. Hence the system is inexpensive. Since the exhaust gas is oxygen, environmental pollution is prevented. Since the size is reduced, installation at home becomes possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of concept of electricity generation system.    Wind mill (10)    Rectifier (20)    Electrolyzer (30)    Hydrogen storage unit (40)    Photocatalyst apparatus (50)    Fuel cell (60)
NOVELTY - A condenser (38) condenses water vapor formed by oxidation reaction in fuel battery (31). A desalination processor (41) desalinates condensed water supplied through water collection line (39) from condenser. The desalinated water is supplied through fuel supply line (43) and/or solid polymer electrolyte supply line (44) to fuel battery.    USE - For portable fuel battery used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to purify water produced from fuel battery efficiently and to carry out effective circulation recycling of water to battery. Performs high electricity generation efficiently using a compact fuel battery system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of water collection apparatus in fuel battery.    Fuel battery (31)    Condenser (38)    Water collection line (39)    Desalination processor (41)    Fuel supply line (43)    Solid polymer electrolyte supply line (44)
NOVELTY - The plate press stamping involves formation of protrusions on the plate which is plastically deformed with a press. An overhang (52) is formed on the portion where a protrusion (54) is to be provided, using a press die (10). The inner portion near the circumference (52a) of the overhang is pressed by the die (30) at the center and protrusion (54) is completed.    USE - Press stamping method of plate with protrusions e.g. manufacturing of metal separator for fuel cells arranged for contact collector of fuel cell and gas passage formation. Also motor vehicles, domestic electric appliances, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The bending moment generated along the circumference of the overhang is offset in the protrusion completion process which inhibits the generation of curvature resulting from elastic recovering. The thickness distribution in the plate is uniform and generation of crack resulting from local thickness reduction is prevented. The area of the flat portion at completed end of the protrusion is increased and molded products suitable for fuel cells are obtained. The thickness of the product molded can be thin which facilitates molding of separator for fuel cells excellent in collector property cheaply. The defect of shape in product is eliminated and the reliability is improved. The fuel cells cost is reduced and the electricity generation efficiency is increased which make them suitable for industry.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the deformation of plate.    Press dies (10,30)    overhang (52)    Overhang circumference (52a)    Protrusion (54)
NOVELTY - A power supply for a lamp (8) consists of current source (10) connected to the lamp and a variable voltage source (11) delivered to the current source. The current source consists of a constant current transformer (12) connected through a ballast capacitor (13). The voltage applied to the lamp is monitored and used to control the voltage delivered to the current source, to stabilize power to the lamp.    USE - For high intensity discharge lamp.    ADVANTAGE - Produces constant current by varying voltage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a detailed circuit diagram of the driver circuit.    lamp (8)    current source (10)    variable voltage source (11)    constant current transformer (12)    ballast capacitor (13)
NOVELTY - The storage battery comprises internal combustion housing (12) having an air intake system (14) with an storage battery (24). A tray (28) and walls (32,38,40) from a side-by-side compartments. The battery is disposed on the bottom wall of the first compartment with a cap (46) closing the open top of the second compartment (36). A emission control valve (62) is mounted on the exterior of the upright wall of the battery compartment.    USE - For use as a storage battery tuning of an engine air intake system.    ADVANTAGE - The hard mounting of the battery compartment to the underlying vehicle structure and the cantilevering of the air box to one side attenuates transmission of the objectionable intake noise and vibration frequencies through the vehicle structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the storage battery.    Internal combustion housing (12)    Air intake system (14)    Storage battery (24)    Tray (28)    Walls (32,38,40)    Second compartment (36)    Cap (46)    Emission control valve (62)
NOVELTY - In a method for arranging cells, a number of cells of an elliptic cylindrical shape are each configured in an substantially elliptic cylindrical shape having a major axis and a minor axis in its sectional shape. The sectional surface (C) including the major axis of each of the lid wall and the bottom wall of each of the cells is inclined with respect to a vertical line perpendicular to an arrangement reference surface (D).    USE - E.g. for use in electric car.    ADVANTAGE - Disposes cells in limited space without using process of changing design of cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an assembled battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cells disposed in inclined manner.    sectional surface (C)    reference surface (D)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell vehicle is driven by: (a) supplying a fuel to a reformer that is provided with a hydrogen-permeable separation membrane for generating hydrogen; (b) supplying the generated hydrogen to the fuel cell; and (c) operating a drive unit by electric power obtained to run a vehicle.    USE - For driving a fuel cell vehicle such motorcycle, railway train, and other automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The method obtains efficiently a high purity hydrogen that can be supplied to a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell vehicle comprising tank (1), reformer (2), fuel cell (3), and drive unit (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell automobile.    Tank (1)    Reformer (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Drive unit (4)    Storage apparatus (5)
NOVELTY - The 12 volt current circuit comprises a dual battery charging system. This consists of a dynamo module and a solar module. The dynamo charging arrangement consists of a dynamo, two diodes and two capacitors.    USE - For bicycles.    ADVANTAGE - Provides sufficient power for radio operation, even when the sun does not shine. With the battery charge is low, the dynamo can supply any current required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - No drawings are supplied.
NOVELTY - The arrangement has at least one reactor element (11) acting as a heat sink, at least one reactor element (13,14) acting as a heat source, a heating/cooling arrangement (16) with heating/cooling devices for the reactor elements that are connected together via a flow line (17) for a heating/cooling medium.    USE - For generating and/or delivering fuel, especially for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Developed to overcome certain disadvantages, especially to enable individual reactor elements to be cooled or heated in a simple and inexpensive manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of generating and/or delivering fuel, especially for a fuel cell, and for a use of an arrangement for generating and/or delivering fuel for a fuel cell for driving a vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an example arrangement for generating and/or delivering fuel    reactor elements (11,13,14)    heating/cooling arrangement (16)    flow line (17)    pump (18)    .
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a flow line (31) for a heating/cooling medium for connection to the fuel cell (20) so that a thermal exchange can take place between the fuel cell and the medium and at least one heat sink (35,36) in the flow line for connection to a fuel supply line (21) and/or to an oxidation medium supply line (23) so that a thermal exchange can take place between the heat sink(s) and the fuel and/or oxidation medium..    USE - For heating/cooling a fuel cell, especially for vehicle fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a fuel cell to be operated in an ideal temp. range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system for a vehicle    flow line (31)    fuel cell (20)    heat sink (35,36)    fuel supply line (21)    oxidation medium supply line (23)    .
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen comprises radiating water molecules in an electrical field using a stream having a defined electromagnetic spectrum.    USE - In the production of hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen produced can be separated from oxygen in the magnetic field.
NOVELTY - The battery casing has a notch for easy installation on an inclined rod of a frame of a bicycle. A position changer is also located in the casing for horizontal laying on the rod and ventilation holes are also provided in the casing. There is a shock absorber in the place for siting the battery. An automatic change-over switch allows alternate use of two groups of batteries.    USE - For electric bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - The accumulator has staggered slab lattice ribs with arched edge to delay the fall of electrolyte paste. High-performance
NOVELTY - A cup of a hot beverage may be inserted in the beverage warmer with starting a process by pushing an illuminated switch (S1). The process maintains a desired temperature for a required length of time. A microprocessor (IC1) distinguishes by a thermistor embedded in a cup holder (1) or (2) if a proper temperature is reached.    USE - For heating beverages, coffee in particular, infants milk and food warming.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction of power loss while combining beverages and food heating with the provision of a power outlet for use with accessories and recharging battery packs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows details of an electrical hardware and the function of the system according to the present invention.    illuminated switch (S1)    microprocessor (IC1)    cup holder (1,2)
NOVELTY - A microprocessor/microcontroller (20) is connected to a current excitation and processing circuitry (5) and a voltage sensing and processing circuitry (15). The microprocessor/microcontroller combines the respective sampled values a current signal and a voltage signal to evaluate the component of complex impedance at a discrete frequency.    USE - For evaluating the component of complex impedance of electrochemical cell or battery at discrete frequency. For vehicle battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables accurate measurement of real and imaginary components of cell/battery impedance under actual field conditions that include high degree of electrical noise.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a complex impedance component measuring method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic representation of analyzing apparatus.    Current excitation and processing circuitry (5)    Voltage sensing and processing circuitry (15)    Microprocessor/microcontroller (20)
NOVELTY - An anode (60), a cathode (20), a shrinkable separator and a non-shrinkable separator are wound as a stack concentrically about a common axis. The shrinkable separator is then shrunk.    USE - E.g. electrochemical cells like nickel cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, nickel hydrogen, capacitors, photovoltaic cells, fuel cells, electrochromic cells, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents cell from loosening its wind due to the shrinkage of the porous membrane constraining the tightness of the coil in wound cells to pre-established shape. Improves electrochemical cycling performance of the cells by incorporating the shrinkable separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic representation of electrochemical cell.    Cathode (20)    Anode (60)
NOVELTY - Circuit traces (30,32) are embedded in the key case and transmitter (28) at the key head. The antenna (40) is mounted on the steering wheel (38), with antenna leads (36,37) align with circuit traces, during insertion of key in vehicle ignition system, to connect transmitter and antenna. Battery (46) on key head is charged intermittently by the power source (44), when the key is inserted.    USE - For opening garage doors of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Accidental actuation of ignition switch is prevented, by the key lock. Multi-functional operation of key is ensured, by the battery. Raises safety, by forwarding signals between vehicle and security system reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the key system used in vehicle.    Key (24)    Transmitter (28)    Circuit traces (30,32)    Antenna leads (36,37)    Steering wheel (38)    Antenna (40)    Power source (44)    Battery (46)
NOVELTY - The drive unit (50) of the two wheeled vehicle is supplied with power from a battery (15). An auxiliary supply (102) which connects with main power supply, supplies power to lighting system. The auxiliary power supply (105) which connects with main power supply, supplies power to control apparatus.    USE - For electrically driven two wheeled vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Consumption of unnecessary electric power is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of entire component of power supply of electric vehicle.    Main power supply (15)    Drive unit (50)    Auxiliary supplies (102,105)
NOVELTY - A light emitter (1) and a light receiver (2) are provided inside a door handle (A) in which finger is put when opening the side door of a car. An alarm lamp, attached to the light emitter and receiver, is connected to a door mirror with a battery. The alarm lamp shows indication when the door handle cover is touched.    USE - For car.    ADVANTAGE - Improves door mirror by providing a warning device which performs safety check of the parked car and prevents careless or accidental opening of the side door.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of the door handle.    Light emitter (1)    Light receiver (2)    Door handle (A)
NOVELTY - The output voltage characteristic of serially connected group battery (1), under loaded condition is obtained. Based on this voltage, the DC-DC converter (3), modifies the charging of the group battery through a terminal (1c).    USE - Group battery with lead storage batteries used for various memory backup and in vehicles for motor rotation for wiper operation and opening-closing of windows.    ADVANTAGE - The durability of group battery is maintained because the unevenness between the cells by load difference in the charging system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the charging system of group battery.    Group battery (1)    Terminal (1c)    DC-DC converter (3)
NOVELTY - The charging electric power of secondary battery (24) is subtracted from preset power to be generated by fuel cell, when high loop condition is judged. The amount of power to be generated by the fuel cell is calculated based on subtracted result.    USE - For hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Overcharging of secondary battery in high load condition is prevented and reckless running of fuel cell is also prevented, thereby utilization factor of fuel cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel cell system.    Secondary battery (24)
NOVELTY - The method involves calculating the discharge and charge amount of a storage battery (1) to determine the remaining capacity of the storage battery. When the remaining capacity of the storage battery is smaller than a predetermined value, the power supply to a load (3) from the storage battery is interrupted.    USE - For storage battery used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents over discharge of storage battery in high accuracy without being influenced by temperature environment of loaded condition. Prevents degradation of storage battery since capacity of storage battery can be corrected to full charge state. Accurately determines state of storage battery due to improved measurement accuracy of internal resistance of storage battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The storage battery provides power supply to electrically driven releases in a motor vehicle e.g. starter motor for starting an internal combustion engine. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) an over discharge preventing apparatus; and    (b) a monitoring apparatus of a storage battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram showing the composition of the storage battery over discharge preventing apparatus.    Storage battery (1)    Load (3)
NOVELTY - The separator has mutually connected supply boards (31,32) forming water supply grooves (31b,32b) in between. Oxidizing gas agent groove (32a) and heating gas supply groove (31a) are formed at the outer side of the boards. Joining layer formed between the boards, consists of conductive powder and resin.    USE - For solid polymeric fuel battery used for driving motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Provides separator of smaller size with excellent durability and electrical resistance, as joining layer consisting of conductive powder and binder is formed between supply boards.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel battery separator manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of separator.    Supply boards (31,32)    Heating gas supply groove (31a)    Oxidizing gas agent groove (32a)    Water supply groove (31b,32b)
NOVELTY - The mounting assembly is formed from a base assembly (90) that is mounted to a collar (71) that is in turn mounted to the down tube structure (75) of the bicycle. The base assembly includes a pair of protruding terminals (108,109) that connect with the battery terminals. A facing support plate (87) is provided upon which is mounted a pivoting clamping bar (89) that can be pivoted downwards to engage a groove on the battery such that the battery is mounted in place.    USE - Battery mounting structure for an electrically assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides a secure mount that can be quickly disengaged such that the battery can be removed for charging.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the battery mounting assembly    Base (75)    Support plate (87)    Clamping bar (89)    Base assembly (90)    Battery terminals (108,109)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell includes a fuel processor (2) for catalytically reacting methanol and water to form a hydrogen rich gas stream (20) that is fed into the anode chamber of a fuel cell (22). At the same time, oxygen e.g. air, from an oxidant stream (24) is fed into the cathode chamber of the fuel cell. The hydrogen and oxygen react in the fuel cell to produce electricity.    USE - Provides an early warning of power deficit and enables corrective action to be taken    ADVANTAGE - Prevents permanent deterioration of the fuel cell stack    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Block diagram of fuel cell    Fuel processor (2)    Hydrogen stream (20)    Fuel cell (22)    Oxidant stream (24)
NOVELTY - The vehicle battery fixing (1) consists of a tray (2) which has sides (4,5), fixed clips (14) to engage with the battery toe, battery guides (18), supplementary stops (17) to accommodate smaller batteries and a locking and unlocking lever (8). The locking lever which has a battery clip (9) is of battery height or more and is integral with the tray through a flexible hinge area (A)    USE - To support and secure a vehicle battery    ADVANTAGE - The integral lever gives positive, reliable and simple locking and unlocking without the need for any tools. The cost of the fixing is low    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the vehicle battery fixing    Vehicle battery fixing (1)    Tray (2)    Tray sides (4,5)    Locking and unlocking lever (8)    Lever battery clip (9)    Fixed clips (14)    Supplementary clips (17)    Battery guides (18)
NOVELTY - The circuit measures the current flowing in the load (R2) connected to the higher on-board supply voltage (U2) and disconnects this load from the on-board supply if the measured current differs to an unacceptable extent from the rated current of the load connected to the higher supply voltage.    USE - For preventing polarity inversion damage.    ADVANTAGE - Protects electrical loads in an on-board supply with different voltages against polarity inversion damage that can occur when a common earth line goes open circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a protection circuit    supply voltages (U1,U2)    loads (R1,R2)    .
NOVELTY - The regulation circuit (20) is connected to the power bus voltage supply and return terminals and includes a solar array (16) and a limiting circuit assembly (30). The limiting circuit connects the bus (22) to the solar array. A battery (36) is connected to the circuit to provide power when the solar array is shielded from the sun. A master bus regulator (37) generates a voltage control signal that is coupled to a bus limiting circuit (30). The voltage control signal that is generated is directly proportional to the control signal generated in response to the bus voltage.    USE - Control of the power bus regulation system of a spacecraft system. Also for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The system enables accurate power bus control during transient power loads    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a satellite system utilizing the described control circuits.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic of the control system    Solar Array (16)    Regulation circuit (20)    Power bus (22)    Limiting circuit (30)    Battery (36)    Master bus regulator (37)
NOVELTY - The power source monitoring apparatus has a detector which detects a voltage and a current of the load device, the subject power source and a non-subject power source which consists of the electric power sources except the subject power source. A diagnosing device diagnoses each subject power source for an abnormality on the basis of an output of the detector, while the electric system is placed in a power supply state an electric power is permitted to be supplied from only the subject power source to the load device.    USE - For monitoring electric power sources particularly for a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Correctly monitors several electric power sources connected to a load device, without an influence of the other power source or sources on the state of the subject electric power source or sources.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a braking system, a method of monitoring a state of each subject power source, and a method of monitoring a state of a low voltage power source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram showing a power source monitoring device apparatus constructed according to one embodiment of this invention, and electrical devices connected to the power source monitoring device
The arrangement connects a first and at least one second fuel cell battery (1), whereby each battery is associated with a connection block (3) which comprises a conductor (61) leading to a collecting conductor (60), and a connection flange (41, 44) at the free end of the conductor. The collecting conductor of each block comprises a first coupling flange (46, 42) at one end, which is connected directly or over a connecting element (8) with a second coupling flange (47, 43) at the other end of the collecting conductor of another block.    The diameter of the conductor is preferably adjusted to the capacitance of a battery, whereby the collecting conductor has a larger diameter, especially adjusted to the capacitance of the whole system.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides improved arrangement, enabling simple and compact connection of individual blocks.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has an upper and lower holddown mechanism, a tray (12) housing the battery (10) with a hinge mechanism and a latching member positioned toward the tray upper portion proximal the upper portion of the battery on opposing sides of the tray lower portion to engage the holddown mechanism. A torsion rod (14) has a hinge portion (52, 54) pivotally supported in the hinge mechanism, a latch portion (60) is selectively engageable with the latching member.    USE - For electrical storage battery in a tray.    ADVANTAGE - Provides simple and rapid toolless installation for a battery. Accommodates easy removal for service and replacement of the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The retaining mechanism engages the holddown mechanism on the battery and operator to pivot the torsion rod in the hinge mechanism between a latched position with the retaining mechanism engaging the holddown mechanism and an unlatched position with the retaining mechanism released from the holddown mechanism.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of the battery and torsion rod with portions of the tray.    Battery (10)    Tray (12)    Torsion rod (14)    Hinge portion (52, 54)    Latch portion (60)
NOVELTY - According to invention, supply source energy is raised in voltage and frequency and is converted in to free charge energy, then free charges are transferred through special device from source to receiver under action of Coulomb forces along thin flexible conductor. Energy of free electric charges is converted at receiver into alternating or direct current. Device features low metal consumption, high reliability and low energy consumption.    USE - Transport engineering; power supply of electric tractors, electric loaders and other mobile electric units and vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Increased run of mobile electric unit and improved maneuverability. 11 cl, 7 dwg
NOVELTY - Magnetic detector has magnetic sensor (1) which is formed by metallic magnetic materials and is arranged above a support stand. A magnetic shielding layer made of soft magnetic materials is arranged in parallel with the traversing direction of sheet-like magnetic medium.    USE - For reading magnetic information from rotary encoder, sheets printed by magnetic inks, identity card, prepaid cards and electronic key.    ADVANTAGE - Noise due to external magnetic field is reduced due to provision of magnetic shielding material and reading with high magnetic field resolution is enabled, also size of detector is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of magnetic sensor.    Magnetic sensor (1)
NOVELTY - The equipment includes cool water tank whose edge is connected to insulated pipe (15) that is inserted in insertion end (20C) of metal coupling (20). The interval between leading edge of insertion end and insulated pipe is set to 1.5 mm or more.    USE - In e.g. water cooled generator, fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Leakage of cool water and adhesion of stain to insulated pipe can be prevented by preset interval maintained between pipe and coupling, thus increasing withstand voltage of insulated pipe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An non-electroconductive material is coated to the inner and outer surfaces of leading edge of insertion end of metal coupling. The length of leading edge of insertion end of metal coupling along extended direction of pipe is set to 5 mm or more.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of bond part of insulated pipe and metal coupling.    Insulated pipe (15)    Metal coupling (20)    Insertion end (20C)
NOVELTY - A fan drive circuit (13) drives the fans (6a,6b) that cools the battery when the temperature of the battery reaches a predetermined value.    USE - For battery used in industrial vehicles such as a battery fork lift.    ADVANTAGE - The adhesion of frost and wastage of power are prevented as the fan drive circuit drives the fan only when the temperature is above a predetermined value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of heat release device used for battery fork lift truck.    Fans (6a,6b)    Fan drive circuit (13)
NOVELTY - The high temperature end face (9a1) of a thermoelectric conversion module (91) contacts an exhaust gas flow path pipe (111). A flange portion (13) which adheres to the periphery of the exhaust gas flow path pipe is provided to the high temperature end face of the thermoelectric conversion module.    USE - For engine of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents generation of heat conduction loss to thermoelectric conversion module. Improves electricity generation capability since large thermal gradient would occur.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the exhaust heat electrical power generating device.    Thermoelectric conversion module (91)    High temperature end face of thermoelectric conversion module (9a1)    Exhaust gas flow path pipe (111)    Flange portion (13)
NOVELTY - The anode and cathode grating elements which essentially consists of lead (Pb), are filled with anode and cathode active materials . The weight of anode and cathode grating elements is 65-75 weight percent (wt.%) and 45-75 wt.%, respectively.    USE - Lead storage battery for engine starting.    ADVANTAGE - Since the amount of lead in anode or cathode grating elements is increased, the resistance during heavy current discharge is reduced, therefore lead storage battery of high stability is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exterior perspective diagram of lead storage battery.
NOVELTY - Abnormality detector detects whether temperature between actual and required values of waste water combustor (15) deviates from predetermined values. A controller (21) regulates the combustion operation on sensing of abnormality condition. Required temperature is calculated based on waste water quantity consumed.    USE - For waste water combustor used for fuel cell in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves reliability of fuel cell by judging abnormal conditions and taking corrective action, as controller for this purpose is comprised.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Quantity of waste water consumed is calculated by difference between hydrogen generated and consumed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram showing the composition of temperature controller.    Waste water combustor (15)    Controller (21)
NOVELTY - Two or more supplied current-voltage values for a predetermined time are detected. The variations of voltages for constant current values are calculated from the detected current-voltage values. The voltage variation rate of the battery per unit charge amount or per unit time at constant current is calculated for judging complete charging state of the battery.    USE - For judging the total charge of batteries such as Ni-MH battery used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since voltage variation rate per unit charge is calculated for constant current values, complete charging state evaluation is performed correctly irrespective of current fluctuations.
NOVELTY - Collectors of positive and negative electrodes of battery element has protrusions. The collectors are coated with positive and negative electrode active layers except for protruded portions. The battery element (4) is arranged so that the protruded portion contacts electroconductive elastic layers (3,8) provided to bottom portion and upper portion of battery casing (2).    USE - For use in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the protrusions are made to contact the respective electroconductive elastic layers, electroconductive connection is formed in short distance from cell reaction position of battery element, and hence destruction of electroconductive connection due to vibration during battery usage is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.    Battery casing (2)    Electroconductive elastic layer (3)    Battery element (4)    Elastic layer (8)
NOVELTY - A unidirectional valve (31) has a central hollow cylinder (41) which is fitted to ventilation hole in the cap cover (22) of cylindrical battery case. Top and bottom flanges (42, 43) are provided on upper and lower ends of the hollow cylinder. The top flange is coupled to the cap cover by a spring. Gas passage grooves (44) are formed on the outer periphery of the cylinder.    USE - For motor vehicle and as emergency power supply in machinery.    ADVANTAGE - During charging, internal gas is ejected through the valve, and hence explosion of battery is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partial cross-sectional view of the unidirectional valve.    Cap cover (22)    Central hollow cylinder (41)    Flanges (42, 43)    Gas passage grooves (44)
NOVELTY - The leading end of exterior collector terminal of anode or cathode has a flange (41) with expanded diameter positioned below battery cover (8). A convex portion is formed on flange top, and a concave portion is formed at lower surface of cover. The convex and concave portions of collector terminal flange and battery cover are pinched by a bottom packing (21) of PFA resin.    USE - Lithium secondary battery for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Offers large sized battery having airtight structure due to tight binding of collector terminal flange and cover with packing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The nut fastens with the thread portions of collector terminal flange, from external of battery cover. The external collector terminals of anode and cathode are connected to exterior load.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial enlarged view of flange of electrode of battery.    Battery cover (8)    Bottom packing (21)    Flange (41)
NOVELTY - The hybrid system of fuel battery and internal combustion engine (20) has a temperature control system (80) for adjusting temperature of at least fuel battery and internal combustion engine. The hybrid system generates electricity when a fuel is supplied.    USE - Motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hybrid system with increased electricity generation efficiency is obtained by using temperature control system. As exhaust of internal combustion engine is supplied as heat source to modifier, a separate heat source is not required for modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for motor vehicle equipped with the hybrid system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hybrid system of fuel battery and internal combustion engine.    Hybrid system of fuel battery and internal combustion engine (20)    Temperature control system (80)
NOVELTY - The separator has a corrugated portion having varying thickness of 10% or more. The separator is molded from an expanded graphite plate so that the density difference of the expanded graphite between the corrugated portions is 30% or less.    USE - For use in batteries used for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the separator is molded from expanded graphite such that the density difference of the expanded graphite between the corrugated portions having variable thickness is 30% or less, the distortion and warpage of the corrugated portion resulting from density difference is prevented. There is very small variation in the heat conduction characteristic, electric conduction characteristic and mechanical characteristics of the separator even when the separator has complicated shape or has large size. Since the fuel gas, oxidation gas passageways can be formed with very high precision, the dimensional accuracy of the entire separator is achieved. The separator made of graphite has outstanding electrical conductive capability and cooling capability. The expanded graphite casting of predetermined size and shape is manufactured accurately without generation of cracks or swelling etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A concave portion in the separator consists of passageways for fuel gas and oxidation gas.
NOVELTY - The accumulator (1') has an aluminum terminal at one end. The terminal has an aluminum cover (8') which is in contact with an external connector (3). The connector is fixed by a screw (4) entering a block (15') situated below the cover. The block is made of stainless steel, nickel steel, copper or brass. The accumulator is sealed by a metal protective cap (14') under the cover.    USE - High capacity accumulator for electric or hybrid vehicles    ADVANTAGE - High capacity accumulator with cylindrical case and a compact, reliable and efficient current connector made or pure aluminum. Sealed battery reduces electrochemical corrosion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the terminal    Accumulator (1')    Aluminum cover (8')    External connector (3)    Fixing screw (4)    Connecting block (15')    Sealing cap (14')
NOVELTY - The measuring apparatus includes a battery temperature sensor (13), and the gassing voltage based on temperature is determined by a gassing detection processing section (23). Gassing detection is monitored at all times, including when the vehicle is travelling. Voltage and temperature readings are used to calculate the charge current required to maintain the battery (5) in a fully charged state.    USE - To determine battery capacity by considering gassing voltage relative to temperature    ADVANTAGE - Reflects true state of battery regardless of temperature    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Block diagram of measuring apparatus    Battery (5)    Temperature sensor (13)    Gassing detector (23)
NOVELTY - The battery capacity detection system has a temperature sensor (12), and a full charge voltage calculation section (23) that modifies the voltage according to the battery temperature. The calculated voltage is then used to calculate the state of charge (22) which is then displayed on a suitable dashboard instrument.    USE - To predict state of battery charge for an electrically driven hybrid vehicle    ADVANTAGE - Accurately calculates the chargeable battery capacity    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Block diagram of detection system    Temperature sensor (12)    State of charge calculation (22)    Voltage calculation (23)
NOVELTY - In the return lines for both fuel and oxidant, a condenser (10) removes the water product from return gas flow. Condenser sections (20) provide flow paths (23) for return flow. Further condenser sections (30) provide flow paths (33) for coolant. Condenser sections are adjacent, such that thermal exchange occurs. They are made using micro-engineering technology.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in a vehicle (claimed application).    ADVANTAGE - A step forward from prior art, this system simplifies water removal from the gases returned. It is especially compact. The water recovered can be recycled. Particularly thin metal sections are used, e.g. in the region of 10-100 microns, for the walls. Micro-engineering forms a condenser offering extremely high thermal transfer rates per unit volume. Finer points of arrangement for operation, preventing blockage and adverse reactions, are discussed in the disclosure. Low cost mass production is suggested. Conveniently, sandwich construction can be employed. The disclosure also contains some discussion of fuel cells and their wider uses.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The condenser concept is illustrated in perspective.    condenser (10)    condenser sections (20)    flow paths for return flow (23)    further condenser sections (30)    flow paths for coolant (33)
NOVELTY - The mobile sales unit is designed in such a manner, so that on a loading surface (4), which is located preferably in the front part of the bicycle similar vehicle, a freezer chest (5) is provided, which is electrically connected with the solar cells (3) across an accumulator and a charging regulator (6).    USE - Mobile selling unit with integral own power source.    ADVANTAGE - Power production for drive of vehicle is improved, which avoids the carrying of heavy electric batteries, which have to bee constantly recharged, so that the weight of the vehicle can be reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 shows a mobile sales bicycle similar vehicle.    Vehicle (1)    Sun protection canopy (2)    Solar cells (3)    Loading surface (4)    Freezer chest (5)    Accumulator and charging regulator (6)
A power supply (11) for portable remote control unit (1) connected via a data communication link (3) to a functional unit (2), has at least two electrical batteries (111,112), a switching device (113) connected to the batteries for connecting the latter alternately to electrical loads (12) of the portable control (1), and a monitoring device (114) for constantly determining the state of charge of the first battery which is joined to the electrical loads (12) of the portable control (11).    The monitoring unit (114) compares the state of charge of the first electrical battery with a first lower working threshold value, and when the latter is not attained, drives the switching device (113) so that switch-over from the first to the second electrical battery takes place.    USE -   Locking and unlocking vehicle doors, flaps, such as petrol filler flap, windows, sunroof etc.    ADVANTAGE -   Compact design structure and very reliable in safeguarding operativity of portable remote control unit.
NOVELTY - The starting alcohol for the process can be obtained from a biomass origin and the waste products from the fuel cell are non-contaminating to the environment.    USE - The H2 produced by the reforming unit is used as an energy source for the fuel cell, which in turn can be used in vehicles with limited emission.    ADVANTAGE - The use of ethanol as the starting material is advantageous over methanol which is toxic and only obtainable from fossil fuel sources .A high yield of H2 is obtainable by the process of the invention.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for the production of hydrogen by the catalytic reforming of ethanol at 300 - 800degreesC. in the presence of oxygen, for use in a fuel cell system, is claimed. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the installation incorporating the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the scheme of the installation.    Storage reservoir for water and EtOH (5)    Heater and vaporizer (7)    Catalytic reformer (8)    Heat exchanger (9)    Water gas shift reactor (10)    Selective oxidation reactor (11)    Heater and inlet for air (12,13)    Fuel cell (3)    Heat exchanger to cool gases to 80degreesC (14)    Heater (15)    Catalytic combustion at 700degreesC (4)
NOVELTY - Ionomers exhibiting the desired combination of high ionic conductivity with good chemical stability at relatively low fluorine concentrations.    USE - Used in electrochemical applications, particularly fuel cells and lithium ion batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The ionomers combine high ionic conductivity with good chemical stability at relatively low fluorine concentrations as replacements for the more highly fluorinated polymers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A monomer of formula CH2=CH(CF2)2nOCF2CF2SO2N-(M+)SO2Rf (I) is claimed;    n = 1;    M+ = alkali metal cation;    Rf = 1-4C perfluoroalkyl optionally substituted by ether oxygen's.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a polymer comprising monomer units of VF2 and 1-4 mol% of ionic monomer units of formula -CH2-CH(((CF2)2n)OCF2CF2SO2X)- (II);    (2) forming a composition of formula CH2=CH(CF2)2nOCF2CF2SO3-M+ (I) comprises contacting a composition of formula CH2=CH(CF2)2nOCF2CFR2SO2F with a weakly basic solution of alkali metal salt or hydroxide in a polar solvent, the solution having a pH of less than about 12 at 0-50 degreesC; and    (3) forming a composition of formula CH2=CH(CF2)2nOCF2CF2SO2N-(K+)SO2Rf comprising:    (a) forming a 0.001-5 molar solution of RfSO2NH2 in an organic solvent;    (b) combining the solution with CH(CF2)2nOCF2CF2SO2F and KF to form a mixture;    (c) heating the mixture to 50-180 degreesC;    (d) separating the product.    n = 1;    X = O-M+, N-(M+)SO2Rf;    M+ = H+ or alkali metal cation;    Rf = 1-4C perfluoroalkyl optionally substituted by ether oxygen atom(s).
NOVELTY - A starting, lighting and ignition lead-acid battery utilizing a positive grid comprises a container divided into cells; and a battery element disposed in each of the cells. The grid is an alloy composition containing calcium (0.03-0.05 %), tin (0.65-1.25 %), silver (0.018-0.03 %), and lead (remainder).    USE - For starting, lighting and ignition requirements of a car. Also used for uniterruptible power systems and telecommunications applications, preferably in stationary power applications.    ADVANTAGE - The batteries exhibit excellent resistance to positive grid corrosion in comparison to that of conventional batteries. This excellent resistance to positive grid corrosion equates to better service performance of the inventive battery as its service life continues due to the greater degradation experienced by conventional batteries. The improved performance of the invention allows the battery manufacturer to a wide range of design choices, allowing the design of excellent cost-efficient batteries.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A starting, lighting and ignition lead-acid battery utilizing a positive grid comprises a container divided into cells; and a battery element disposed in each of the cells. Each battery element comprises electrodes, and separators. Each cell is electrically connected together. At least some of the electrodes is electrically conductive. The grid is an alloy composition containing calcium (0.03-0.05%), tin (0.65-1.25%), silver (0.018-0.03%), and lead (remainder).
NOVELTY - A coupling mechanism (110) physically limits a distance measured between a battery and connector terminals (210) to not more than 36 inches. The connector terminal has a first contact electrically coupled to the battery, and sized and dimensioned to contact with the input terminal of the electric starter of an engine providing at least one horsepower.    USE - For use in starting engine of e.g. aircraft, boat, motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures convenient use to start a 12V or 24V powered aircraft since it has an overall stick shape of 2 by 3 by 24 inches and weigh only about 3 pounds. Enables grasping, lifting, and positioning by one or two hands to electrically contact an auxiliary input terminal providing power to electric starter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top and edge view of the portable battery operated starting device.    Coupling mechanism (110)    Connector terminals (210)
NOVELTY - The plate-shaped core material (3) has protrusion (4), and through holes (2). A mixed powder (7) contains metal powder (5) and hydrogen occlusion alloy powder (6), is coated on either sides of core material using electrically driven rolls.    USE - For secondary batteries such as nickel cadmium battery for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - A high discharge characteristics is obtained due to the coating of mixed powder having ductility and conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of negative electrode plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the negative electrode plate for secondary battery.    Through hole (2)    Core material (3)    Protrusion (4)    Metal powder (5)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy powder (6)    Mixed powder (7)
NOVELTY - Solar panel unit (3) covered with lid (15) supplies energy for air blower (2) ejecting interior air to outside of vehicle. The solar panel placed over dash board or rear tray (7) is exposed to solar light in open condition of lid. Lid is formed with inner surface functioning as condensing board to reflect the solar light over the panel.    USE - For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates attachment of ventilator by the user itself, as the solar panel is placed over dash board or tray. Enables reliable ventilation, as solar powered blower is utilized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of motor vehicle rear seat and rear tray with ventilator.    Air blower (2)    Solar panel unit (3)    Rear tray (7)    Lid (15)
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer comprises a modifier (23) in which hydrogen rich reformed gas is formed and supplied to fuel cell main body, as electricity generation fuel. A fuel supply system supplies the fuel after vaporization, to an intermediate combustor (26). The combustion gas is formed in intermediate combustor provided in the latter part of the modifier.    USE - For forming hydrogen rich reformed gas supplied to fuel cell main body, as electricity generation fuel for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The combustion efficiency in the intermediate combustor of the compact fuel reformer, is improved and warm up time is shortened.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal part expanded sectional view of fuel reformer.    Modifier (23)    Start combustor (25)    Intermediate combustor (26)
NOVELTY - The anode of lithium secondary battery is made of lithium manganate, while the cathode is made of oxide film coated amorphous carbon material.    USE - The battery is used for hybrid motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Oxide film coating on surface of carbon material inhibits inactive film formation for desorption of lithium. Hence extreme degradation is not caused under high temperature and durability of battery is improved.
NOVELTY - The compressor (4) of the refrigeration unit is driven by the generator (2) attached to the engine (1) of vehicles during vehicle running and by main power supply (6) during engine stoppage. The inverter (3) converts the generator or power supply (6) output such that the maximum operating voltage/frequency provided to the compressor is different from the commercial frequency of the main power supply.    USE - Refrigeration unit with generator and electrically-driven compressor in vehicles e.g. cars.    ADVANTAGE - The energy conservation property and the temperature control property are excellent. The compressor function during vehicle operating and the expenditure incurred for temperature control is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the refrigeration unit for vehicles.    Engine (1)    Generator (2)    Inverter (3)    Compressor (4)    Main power supply (6)
NOVELTY - A compressor (4) is driven by the electric power output of an invertor which receives input power from a generator (2) driven by engine (1) of a chill car or a mains power supply (6). A battery (14) is connected to the DC part of the invertor to enable the invertor output as a power supply smaller than the maximum output obtained by the generator or mains power supply.    USE - For supply of electric power for driving a compressor for cooling in a chill car.    ADVANTAGE - The exhaustion of battery at the time of using a battery as a power supply can be prevented since the invertor is made to use the battery power to output a smaller power than a maximum output obtained by a generator or mains power supply. The refrigeration unit of a chill car can be operated stably with a small electric power from a battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cooling is performed by driving the compressor with the power output obtained by transforming the power from the generator, mains power supply or the battery power with the invertor during operation and stoppage of the engine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows circuit diagram of the power supply system of a refrigeration unit for chill cars.    Engine (1)    Generator (2)    Compressor (4)    Mains power supply (6)    Battery (14)
NOVELTY - Stator coils (L1-L5) are located in slots in a stator stack of contacts. Outputs (U,V,W) for a rotary current coil (G2) connect to inputs for a bridge rectifier (5) with passive rectifiers (D1-D6). From AC voltages induced in the stator coils the bridge rectifier generates an operating +42 volt DC voltage (U2) to connect via a switch (S2) to a battery (B2) acting a vehicle's accumulator and to a load (R2) for the remaining consumers.    USE - For introducing a second electrical system with +42 volts in a motor vehicle to handle the increasing number of electrical consumers.    ADVANTAGE - This device is simple to build. It has a high operating level and allows for the two +12 and +42 operating voltages to be regulated separately.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a circuit diagram with two stator coils and a circuit for stabilizing line voltages that are generated.    Stator coils (L1-L5)    Outputs (U,V,W)    Rotary current coil (G2)    Bridge rectifier (5)    Passive rectifiers (D1-D6)    +42 volt DC voltage (U2)    Switch (S2)    Battery (B2)    Load (R2)
NOVELTY - The seal (1) comprises a sealing body (2) with an upper side, lower side and an opening; a sealing section (7) made of liquid vulcanized rubber; and a polymer electrolyte membrane element neighboring the sealing section.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The performance of the fuel cell for the production of an electrical current is improved. The seal has a simple structure. Direct handling of the polymer electrolyte membrane is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a to view of the seal for fuel cells.    Seal (1)    Sealing body (2)    Sealing section (7)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell (1) or fuel cell stack has parallel arranged cathodes (2), electrolytes (3), anodes (4), interconnnector plates (5, 5') and an oxidation-protected metallic lattice (6, 6') inserted between the anode and the interconnector plate to form a flexible contact.    USE - For producing fuel gas.    ADVANTAGE - Complete contact of the anode with the interconnector plate is guaranteed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the layers of the fuel cell.    fuel cell (1)    cathode (2)    electrolyte (3)    anode (4)    interconnnector plates (5, 5')    metallic lattice (6, 6')    oxidation-resistant protective layer (7)
NOVELTY - The invention relates to an electrical distribution box (1) for vehicles having two networks (R42,R14) with different voltage levels, comprising centralized signal and power electronic control means (3) that include a microcontroller (21) and electrical protection means disposed on printed circuit boards (20) in a housing that is electrically connected to a least one DC power supply source and to elements of the vehicle. At least one voltage converter (5) is integrated into the interior of the distribution box (1) on an independent printed circuit board (10) or in an area different from a control means support plate, the board (10) or differentiated area being located in an area of the housing which is free both on the top and bottom parts. Converter (5) electromagnetic shielding means (5) and thermal dissipation means for the support plate of the converter (5) are also provided in the housing.    USE - Electrical distribution boxes for vehicles having two networks with different voltage levels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Electrical distribution box (1)    Networks (R42,R14)    Electronic control means (3)    Microcontroller (21)    Printed circuit boards (20)    Voltage converter (5)    Independent printed circuit board (10)
NOVELTY - A monolithic combination bipolar plate/diffuser fuel cell component is produced by mixing carbon and binder to form an electrically conducting homogeneous material. The homogeneous material is screened and molded into a monolithic component having a porous region. The porous region is infiltrated with a carbon material to form a hermetic region of the plate/diffuser fuel cell component.    USE - For making a monolithic combination bipolar plate/diffuser fuel cell component useful in the production of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC).    ADVANTAGE - The method produces a monolithic combination bipolar plate/diffuser fuel cell component having lower ohmic losses and which avoids deleterious fluid leaks. It results in less costly construction and high volume production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of a monolithic combination bipolar plate/diffuser fuel cell component (10) involves mixing carbon and binder to form an electrically conducting homogeneous material. The homogeneous material is screened and molded into a monolithic component having a porous region (14) with porous surface (20), a coolant channel(s) (16), and a reactant channel(s) (18). The component is densified and pyrolyzed/carbonized. A portion of the porous region is then infiltrated with a carbon material to form a hermetic region (12) of the bipolar plate/diffuser fuel cell component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the monolithic combination single electrode bipolar plate/diffuser.    Monolithic combination bipolar plate/diffuser fuel cell component (10)    Hermetic region (12)    Porous region (14)    Coolant channel (16)    Reactant channel (18)    Porous surface (20)    Solid catalyst/electrolyte arrangement (22)
NOVELTY - The main body of the connector (1) has a clamp (10) for gripping a battery terminal. Connection holes (11) with different diameters are disposed on the main body and tightening screw (110) holes are positioned perpendicular to the connection holes. The combined fuse holder (2) and wire connector screws into one of the holes (11) in the main body of the connector.    USE - To disconnect battery if vehicle wiring develops a fault    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates risk of fire    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Sectional and exploded views of connector    Connector (1)    Fuse holder (2)    Clamp (10)    Threaded connection holes (11)    Screw (110)
NOVELTY - Clamp body (22) has a cable socket (27) to connect battery cable to clamp body and a tapering hole (28) fitted with an electrically conductive compression ring (24), to receive a battery terminal post (10). Mounting holes (44) and screws (32) are provided for mounting a compression plate (26) on the clamp body for pressing the ring into hole, when a compression flange (42) is mounted on the clamp body.    USE - For batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to easily and tightly connect the terminal connector to a battery post using a small tool and provides excellent electrical connection that resists loosening by jarring and vibration. Provides a battery terminal connector that is neat appearing and durable. Accommodates different-sized battery cables and provides a battery terminal connector that includes reusable parts.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of connecting a battery cable to a battery terminal post.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exploded perspective view of the terminal connector.    Battery terminal post (10)    Clamp body (22)    Compression ring (24)    Compression plate (26)    Tapering hole (28)    Mounting screws (32)    Compression flange (42)    Mounting holes (44)
NOVELTY - Light transmissive substrate (12) is coated with electrochromic coating (14) to vary substrate's transmittance with respect to applied voltage. Solar cells (17) apply a control voltage to the electrochromic coating, based on impinging light, to vary the substrate's transmittance. A photocell (19) applies a control voltage for reducing the substrate's transmittance when the light falls below preset level.    USE - For automobile windows.    ADVANTAGE - An improved electrochromic device is obtained by controlling window's transmittance by applying suitable voltage by the solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of controlling light transmittance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of electrochromic device.    Substrates (12)    Electrochromic coating (14)    Solar cells (17)    Photocell (19)
NOVELTY - Power consumption of electric power regeneration load is integrated for every arbitrary time to obtain load demand (WL). Load demand is compared with predetermined target demand (WR) to obtain demand compensation electric power (PC1) which is used to compensate for electric power received by load for every arbitrary time.    USE - In electric power storage system e.g. power distribution system for regeneration vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Demand in electric power is compensated by demand control and electric power of regeneration load is suppressed to peak power set value, so that compensation electric power is less than load electric power. Recycling of regeneration electric power is realizable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the control block diagram of control procedure of electric power storage system.    Load demand (WL)    Target demand (WR)    Demand compensation electric power (PC1)
NOVELTY - The battery (1) has an additive (3) formed on the surface of a container (4) in which a cathode and an anode (7) are made to correspond. The additive comprises of mineral particles with far infrared radiation wavelength with natural rock, ceramic, shells, and corals mixed with electrolyte animal extract, organic solvent and plant extract.    USE - For e.g. motor vehicle, home use.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains battery working condition until battery is damaged by synergism with activity effect of the additive. Excellent in industrial use. Reusable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Tourmaline, granite, diamond, quartz crystal and pearls are some examples of mineral particles included in the additive. The electrolyte animal extract, e.g. digestive enzyme in the excrement of an animal, is mixed with single-molecule water passing plant cytoplasmic membranes to form the organic solvent and plant extract. The additive is extracted through pressure application or decompression.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the summary sectional drawing of the auto-regeneration permanent battery.    Battery (1)    Additive (3)    Container (4)    Anode (7)
NOVELTY - The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes an electrode group having negative and positive electrode plates wound through a separator. A cylindrical core (12) with an electrolyte-resistant property is provided to the center section of the electrode group. The side section of the core is provided with electrolyte permeation holes (13).    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves permeability of electrolyte to innermost layer of electrode group.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of a core inserted into the center of electrode group of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.    Cylindrical core (12)    Electrolyte permeation holes (13)
NOVELTY - A plate (6) is fitted with terminals (3,4) via through-holes (7,8). Notches are provided at opposite edges of the plate. Band (11) is applied to the notch for fixing the plate to base (12) of the storage battery (1).    USE - For packing lead storage battery used for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Supplement charging is done without removing the plate from storage battery. Operation time is reduced, as unpacking operation is stopped during supplement charging.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of lead storage battery package.    Battery (1)    Terminals (3,4)    Plate (6)    Through-holes (7,8)    Band (11)    Base (12)
NOVELTY - Pad (9) installed on the top surface of the storage battery (1), has through hole (10) to expose internal terminals. The gas ejected from the gas receptacle is ejected outside through groove (11) which is provided opposite to the gas receptacle.    USE - For accommodating lead storage battery for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Gas generated at the time of supplement charging is spread safely so that the exterior components are not damaged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of storage battery accommodation structure.    Storage battery (1)    Pad (9)    Through hole (10)    Groove (11)
NOVELTY - A nut material (3) is connected to two electrodes of electric power unit module through dish-like connector. The material has base plate (3A) which has notch (3D) and convex portion (3B) protruding from center of plate. A connection window is opened in end plate, in which center convex portion of nut material is inserted and electric power unit module is thus connected to the end plate at normal position.    USE - For hybrid motor vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle etc.    ADVANTAGE - Reliably connects the electrodes of electric power unit module to an end plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of nut material connected with electrode of electric power unit module.    Nut material (3)    Base plate (3A)    Center convex part (3B)    Notch part (3D)
NOVELTY - A methane fermentation process is performed in a tank (6), to the raw material diluted by a dilution unit (3). The biogas collected from the tank is provided as a heating gas to an electrical power generating device (14) to generate power. The supernatant liquid after fermentation from the tank is treated by a heater (17) and is supplied to a dilution unit as dilution water.    USE - For an electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - As the heater utilizes heat exhausted from the electricity generation unit, improvement in fuel heat utilization is achieved and environment pollution is reduced, with a reduction in the production cost of power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circulation-type electricity generation system.    Dilution unit (3)    Tank (6)    Electrical power generating device (14)    Heater (17)
NOVELTY - The anode (11) and cathode (6) with separators (7) in between are arranged in container (1). The anode is coated with mixture of active material to preset level and the cathode is coated with hydrogen occlusion alloy powder that contains nickel having preset saturation magnetization property.    USE - Power assisted bicycles and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction of operating voltage at time of heavy current discharge is prevented, since anode and cathode are coated with active material and hydrogen occlusion powder consisting of nickel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure show a section of nickel-hydrogen secondary battery.    Container(6) Cathode (1)    Separators (7)    Anode (11)
NOVELTY - Anode terminal (56) and a cathode terminal (57) arranged on a top cover (5) of a battery jar (2) are connected respectively to anode and cathode edges provided to side cover (4), by anode connection piece (21) and cathode connection piece (22).    USE - Motor vehicle for power supply.    ADVANTAGE - Discharges the inflammable gas generated during charging process of battery externally. Achieves high discharge capability and long life span of battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The battery jar is formed with several cell chambers and an opening (6) on a side. The polar groups are connected to the anode and the cathode edges to provide connection between the cells. The exhaust hole is provided to each cell chamber. Two exhaust gas routes are formed respectively inside the side cover and top cover and are connected to two exhaust gas stoppers (61) provided on the exterior of top cover.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembled isometric view of monoblock battery.    Battery jar (2)    Pole group (3)    Side cover (4)    Top cover (5)    Opening (6)    Anode connection piece (21)    Cathode connection piece (22)    Anode terminal (56)    Cathode terminal (57)    Gas stoppers (61)
NOVELTY - Recovering energy from a digestive gas containing methane and hydrogen sulfide, obtained by anaerobic treatment of sulfur compound containing organic waste, comprising: (1) contacting with alkali solution and de-sulfurizing; (2) passing through an adsorption tower (4) containing adsorbent (41) to remove hydrogen sulfide; and (3) generating electricity from a fuel battery using the digestive gas as fuel, is new.    USE - For recovery of energy from a digestive gas obtained by anaerobic treatment of organic waste containing a sulfur compound.    ADVANTAGE - The process is economical. The apparatus is compact and inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an energy collecting apparatus (10) which comprises an alkali cleaning apparatus (2), adsorption tower (4), fuel battery (7) and absorbent (41).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows entire schematic view of an energy collection apparatus.    Alkali cleaning tower (2)    Adsorption tower (4)    Fuel battery (7)    Absorbent (41)
NOVELTY - The positive and negative electrodes of the battery are made of three dimensional metallic nickel porous substance implanted with electroconductive porous metallic nickel short fibers.    USE - Used as power supply for power tools, electric vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE - By using porous metallic nickel short fiber as an electric conduction agent, collector property is sharply improved. Charging and discharging life cycle is also improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of nickel short fiber.
NOVELTY - A pair of electrode terminals are fixed to a container, through a hermetic seal. The two collector boards are connected to the electrodes through electrode terminals in the upper end of the container. One of the collector board is folded near the upper end, such that the angle defined near the bent portion of the collector board is set at predetermined value.    USE - E.g. lithium ion secondary battery for electric vehicle. Also for satellite.    ADVANTAGE - The battery excels in shock and vibration resistance properties.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of electrode element for the lithium ion secondary battery.
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises nickel and at least one rare earth oxide.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen and carbon by catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is novel, and effectively decomposes hydrocarbon. Ejection of carbondioxide during decomposition is prevented. Hydrogen and carbon having excellent ion absorbing property are manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of hydrogen and oxygen which involves contacting hydrocarbon gas maintained at 450-600degreesC with the catalyst.
NOVELTY - Electrode lamination (22), non-aqueous organic electrolyte and organic solvent of battery (2) are sealed in a flexible bag type container (21) which prevents permeation of moisture.    USE - Electric vehicle, hybrid motor vehicle, portable telephone, notebook personal computer. Also used as electric power storage in general home.    ADVANTAGE - Due to provision of moisture-proof bag, degradation of battery characteristics caused by permeation of water or organic solvent can be prevented without increasing weight of the apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the battery.    Battery (2)    Container (21)    Electrode lamination (22)
NOVELTY - The heating system has an auxiliary back-up heat source separate from the vehicles normal battery, powered by e.g. a solar panel, the energy may be carried to the compartment via a gas or liquid. Alternatively, the heat may be stored in a 'stone slab' which would release the energy over a period of time.    USE - For heating an internal passenger compartment.    ADVANTAGE - The heating continues if the vehicle breaks down.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross section of the vehicle showing the location of the system components.    compartment (18)    stone slab (22)    solar panel (121)
NOVELTY - Method of selectively removing carbon monoxide, comprises preparing a catalyst bed capable of selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide and including several catalyst layers arranged in series and the catalyst layers different from each other in the temperature of application and arranged in order of the application temperature such that the catalyst layer having the highest application temperature constitutes the upstream side of the catalyst bed; and introducing a gaseous mixture containing H2, CO and an oxidizing agent of O2 into the catalyst bed through the upstream side of the catalyst bed so as to selectively oxidize and remove CO from the gaseous mixture.    USE - A method of selectively removing carbon monoxide is provided. This method is useful in polymer electrolyte fuel cells which suppress generation of a pollutant causing an air pollution for use in a motor car power source.    ADVANTAGE - The method permits a high carbon monoxide removal rate over a wide temperature range in selectively removing CO from a gaseous mixture containing H2 and CO.
NOVELTY - The solar roof panel for an automobile has a transparent cover (10) fitted over a roof opening and an adjustable screen (16) for selectively blocking the view through the transparent cover, provided on its upper side with a solar generator module (28), using solar cells for converting incident solar radiation into electrical energy, which is adjustable relative to the screen, e.g. via a lever mechanism.    USE - The solar roof panel is used for an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The solar roof panel allows optimal use of the incident solar radiation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic side view of an automobile solar roof panel.    Transparent cover (10)    Adjustable screen (16)    Solar generator module (28)
NOVELTY - Apparatus for cooling and heating a reactor element (11) in an arrangement for producing and/or preparing a fuel comprises a heating/cooling device (20) through which a heating/cooling medium flows; a conveying device (21) for the medium, connected via a line (22) to the heating/cooling device; and an adjusting element (23) to regulate and control the volume stream of the medium.    USE - For heating and/or cooling an arrangement for producing and/or preparing a fuel for a fuel cell in a vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The heating/cooling medium can be easily regulated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for cooling and heating reactor element using the above device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the apparatus for cooling and heating a reactor element.    Reactor element (11)    Heating/cooling device (20)    Conveying device (21)    Line (22)    Adjusting element (23)
NOVELTY - Production of microdevices with layer(s), with internal structures limited by walls and functional layers on the walls, in which : (A) the layer(s) are produced by : (a) producing a metal film or foil; (b) forming the internal structures in and/or on this by etching and/or metallization; and includes the stage: (c) for forming functional layers only on the walls of the internal structures, before stage (B). (B) the layer(s) and a sealing segment are stacked and bonded.    USE - The microdevices are useful in the chemical industry, e.g. for synthesis and in other fields, e.g. in reactors for generating hydrogen for energy conversion (fuel cells), and as heat exchangers, mixers and evaporators.    ADVANTAGE - Existing methods of making chemical microreactors and heat exchangers have numerous drawbacks, e.g. they require complicated and/or expensive techniques for producing ducts. In some cases, the only suitable material is silicon. The present process is suitable for making microdevices for numerous different applications. It is very economical and quick, avoids large quantities of scrap and is suitable for large-scale operation. It also avoids problems in sealing the ducts or stability of the functional layers when individual layers are bonded.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows one variant of the process.    Production of metal foil (a)    Structurization (b)    Etching (b')    Deposition of functional film on walls and bottom of etched cavities (c)    Removal of photosensitive layer, lacquer or perforated film (c')    Metal foil (1)    Photosensitive layer, e.g. negative photoresist (or screen printing lacquer coating or perforated film) (2)    Functional layer (3)
NOVELTY - The ceramic material comprises 10-95 wt.% magnesium aluminate (MgAl2O4), 5-90 wt.% magnesia (MgO), 0-20 wt.% alumina (Al2O3), rest usual impurities and contains grains of MgO with an average diameter of 0.1-10 microns, embedded in a matrix of spinel-type MgAl2O4.    USE - The material is used in thermal powder spraying, preferably for coating part of a tool from non-ferrous metallurgy or the surface of a component of a high temperature fuel cell, and an article with a coating of ceramic material with a MgO content giving the same coefficient of thermal expansion is used as a component of a high temperature fuel cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The material is suitable for coating by thermal spraying and its coefficient of thermal expansion can be matched to that of a metal. The material also has high chemical and mechanical stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of the above material.
NOVELTY - An electrode-membrane combination comprises reactant diffusive, electronically conductive electrodes (1, 3) comprising catalytically active metal(s) (A) and ionically conductive polymer(s). Ionically conductive membrane(s) (2) contact the electrode to form electrode-membrane interfacial regions (4,5) comprising zone(s) of thickness 3-5000 Angstrom, which contain different catalytically active metals (B).    USE - For membrane-electrode assembly of fuel cell used in transportation vehicle (all claimed) such as car, bus, trucks; stationary power applications; portable power applications such as portable television, fans and other consumer products.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode-membrane combination provides improved power output and resistance to poisoning, during fuel cell operation. The ionically conductive membrane provides strength, high ionic conductance and good interfacial contact with the electrode. The membrane damage caused by hot pressing of electrode with membrane is prevented. Inexpensive fuel cell of high power density, low cost, high efficiency and durability, is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for membrane-electrode assembly comprising the electrode-membrane combination and at least one additional, different electrode contacting the membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section of membrane-electrode assembly.    Electronically conductive electrodes (1,3)    Polymeric membrane (2)    Interfacial regions (4,5)
NOVELTY - The generation of hydrogen and/or energy from chemical reaction involves selecting first and second electropositive half cell reactions in combination with an electronegative half cell reaction to produce increase in hydrogen and/or energy production from water    USE - Energy production, storage and delivery to provide a non-polluting source of energy from water in the form of hydrogen and heat.    ADVANTAGE - Pure gaseous hydrogen is produced by the reduction of water by electropositive half cell reactions involving two or more electropositive redox systems which are chosen to maximize hydrogen production and produce by-products which are valuable rather than harmful or useless.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Generating hydrogen and/or energy from a chemical reaction comprises:    (i) selecting an electronegative half cell reaction producing hydrogen;    (ii) selecting a first electropositive half cell reaction having sufficient potential to drive the electronegative half cell reaction;    (iii) selecting a second electropositive half cell reaction; and    (iv) combining the half cell reactions.    The first and second electropositive half cell reactions are selected in combination with the electronegative half cell reaction to produce an increase in hydrogen and/or energy production from water.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (I) a method of reversibly storing energy in an inorganic chemical system;    (II) a method of storing and transporting energy;    (III) a cell for generating hydrogen and/or energy by combining reactants in a chemical reaction system; and    (IV) a hydrogen generator.
NOVELTY - The method involves transmitting a common phase angle to the server inverters (42b and 42n). The common phase angle is a function of the phase angle of a master inverter (42a). The common phase angle is indicative of the absolute phase angle of the master inverter when the phase angle of the master inverter is equal to a phase angle value associated with a new phase cycle. The common phase angle is indicative of an incremental phase angle change of the phase angle of the master inverter in a given time period while the phase angle of the inverter is different from the value associated with a new phase angle.    USE - For use in powering AC devices in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates phase angle differences between inverters in parallel connected voltage source inverter system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for inverter system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a parallel connected inverter system.    master inverter (42a)    server inverters (42b and 42n)
NOVELTY - Anode plates (94) and cathode plates are arranged alternatively within a container (90). Plate separators comprising sheets (95) of fibrous material are wrapped around either of the plates. Each sheet has an exposed and wrapped vertical edges (54,52). The wrapped vertical edge of one sheet underlays the other sheet.    USE - For automobile power applications.    ADVANTAGE - Provides increased electrolyte carrying capacity so as to increase battery capacity and life. Reduces amount of plate separator misalignment that can occur during cell manufacture, thus reducing short circuits that can shorten cell life.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of installing a fibrous separator between anode and positive plates.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of cell.    Wrapped vertical edges (52,54)    Container (90)    Anode plates (94)    Sheets (95)
NOVELTY - Battery has hold down extensions (34,42) engaged with tray's projections (22). A retention lip (26) pivotally mounts battery handle with notches (70) to hold cables (74,76) which engages in the notches (32). The notches are formed in the ribs (30) of stanchion (28) formed on the tray.    USE - For holding battery in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The tray projections engages with battery projections which replaces the requirement of the fasteners, by which assembling and dismantling of battery is made easier and thereby offers time saving. The battery handle has notches to hold cables. The battery handle engages with the notches of the ribs of the vertical stanchion to limit horizontal movement. So the battery is secured in the tray both vertically and horizontally.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of battery installed in a tray.    Projections (22)    Retention lip (26)    Stanchion (28)    Ribs (30)    Notches (32,70)    Hold down extensions (34,42)    Cables (74,76)
NOVELTY - Tubular strain relief portion (32) extends axially from transition portion (26) extending radially from base (18). After the terminal lead (44) is fastened to the battery terminal, the retention portion integrally formed in base (18) engages with lead terminal to retain base in a closed position over the terminal.    USE - For batteries of automotive vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Battery cover provides environmental protection and strain relief. The retention feature provides electrical isolation and eliminates the ability of battery cover to be easily removed during manufacturing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of battery cover with battery.    Base portion (18)    Transition portion (26)    Strain relief portion (32)    Terminal lead (44)
NOVELTY - The bipolar stack comprises zinc/air cells (1) coupled together with an anode and zinc as cathode immersed in KOH solution supplied through conduits. Preset volume of dendrite elimination zone (DEZ) (70,72) is defined between cell and conduit such that anode is enclosed within the zone and cathode is not enclosed.    USE - For electrochemical power source such as fuel cell used in electric vehicles for metal recovery apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Maximum current necessary to avoid dendrites is reduced. Since dendrite formation is prevented, short circuits and electrolyte channel blockage are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of preventing formation of dendrites.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the fuel cell with dendrite eliminating zone.    Air cells (1)    Dendrite elimination zone (70,72)
NOVELTY - An electrode object (7) is placed inside an airtight container. An electric current block structure (4) has a lever that is connected to the output end of a displacement mechanism that is displaced according to the pressure build up in the container. The structure interrupts an electric current path by the action of the lever in connection with the displacement of the displacement mechanism.    USE - For electric power unit of igniter in gasoline automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Enables electric current that is larger than conventional to be passed at the time of usual usage, and to be interrupted when internal pressure increases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electrode object includes a separator that is interposed between strip-shaped positive and negative electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional drawing of a lithium ion secondary battery.    Electric current block structure (4)    Electrode object (7)
NOVELTY - An airtight container has a cylindrical main body with a circular opening at one edge. A gasket is interposed between the main body and an electrode terminal board (13) having a cylindrical portion (16) that penetrates the opening. The gasket includes insulators (2,3) that are pressed between the caulking portions (14) of the main body and the electrode terminal board.    USE - For electric power unit of igniter in gasoline automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces deformation caused on insulators by caulking fixation of electrode terminal board, since insulators are made from material of high mechanical strength and chemical stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrode object (7) that is placed inside the airtight container, includes a separator that is interposed between strip-shaped positive and negative electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the sectional drawing of a lithium ion secondary battery.    Insulator (2,3)    Electrode object (7)    Electrode terminal board (13)    Caulking portion (14)    Cylindrical portion (16)
NOVELTY - A terminal (11) of flat fuse, and metal plate (1) of electrical cord (2) are installed to fuse attachment terminal of fuse box. The electrical cord (2) connects the metal plate (1) to power supply cord of electric equipment.    USE - For extracting power supply for electric equipment such as CD player, TV, wireless device, car navigation system, small sized refrigerator, heat retention box used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - As the easily manufacturable metal plate and terminal of flat fuse of electrical cord is installed to attachment terminal of fuse box, power supply is easily extracted from a fuse box, resulting in an inexpensive power supply extractor for motor vehicles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of power supply extractor for motor vehicle.    Metal plate (1)    Electrical cord (2)    Terminal (11)
NOVELTY - One side of thermoelement (4) contacts with outer surface of exhaust tube (3), whose contact pressure is reduced, when the temperature of thermoelement is increased.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The damage by the heat of the thermoelement is avoidable securing electricity generation efficiency. The bypass of the thermoelement is performed and exhaust heat does not escape among the cooling section through the bolt. The temperature difference in the thermoelement is secured largely. The contact pressure of thermoelement surface and surface of exhaust pipe can be kept high and uniform even if the rigidity of cooling section is low.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of exhaust heat electrical power generating device.    Exhaust tube (3)    Thermoelement (4)
NOVELTY - An amorphous silica comprises 10 mol% or more of phosphorus pentoxide, and has electric conductivity of 10 mS/cm or more at 50degreesC.    USE - For fuel battery and hydrogen concentration cell.    ADVANTAGE - The proton conductivity of the compact is higher than conventional materials at room temperature to 100degreesC. The compact can be manufactured in arbitrary shapes easily. The mechanical strength of the compact is excellent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of amorphous silica compact. The method involves forming a gel by sol-gel method of phosphoric acid raw material comprising phosphorus pentoxide by silicone alkoxide, hydrolyzing, heating and baking at 100-1000degreesC.
NOVELTY - A solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery has ion-exchange membrane (1) arranged between pair of electrodes (4a,4b), of area larger than the electrodes. The battery has current supply part (a) contacting with the electrodes and non-supply part (b). A reinforcing material which is contained in the limit part (5) of the parts (a,b), is not contained in 70% or more of the current supply part.    USE - For vehicle-mounted power supply.    ADVANTAGE - The thin film solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery has high mechanical strength and low electrical resistance in the periphery of electricity supply part.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of solid polymer electrolyte type fuel battery.    Ion-exchange membrane (1)    Reinforcing part of ion-exchange membrane (2)    Non-reinforcing part of ion-exchange membrane (3)    Electrodes (4a,4b)    Limit part of ion-exchange membrane (5)
NOVELTY - The selective removal of carbon monoxide comprises using a catalyst bed capable of selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide, including several catalyst layers arranged in series and different from each other in the temperature of application, and arranged in order of the application temperature, such that the catalyst layer having the highest application temperature constitutes the upstream side of the catalyst bed.    USE - The method is useful in polymer electrolyte fuel cells which suppress generation of a pollutant causing an air pollution for use in a motor car power source.    ADVANTAGE - The method permits a high carbon monoxide removal rate over a wide temperature range in selectively removing CO from a gaseous mixture containing H2 and CO.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method of selectively removing carbon monoxide comprises:    (1) preparing a catalyst bed capable of selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide, and including several catalyst layers arranged in series and different from each other in the temperature of application, and arranged in order of the application temperature, such that the catalyst layer having the highest application temperature constitutes the upstream side of the catalyst bed; and    (2) introducing a gaseous mixture containing H2, CO and an oxidizing agent of O2 into the catalyst bed through the upstream side of the catalyst bed and supplying an additional oxidizing agent to the gaseous mixture when the gaseous mixture is introduced into the catalyst layer having a high application temperature so as to selectively oxidize and remove CO from the gaseous mixture.
NOVELTY - Chemical reactor has a catalyst-containing reaction chamber (1) having two different types of partial reaction chambers (R1 and R2). Only chamber (R1) is released at the start of the system and is heated more quickly than chamber (R2).    USE - For a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor has improved cold start behavior.
NOVELTY - The power supply includes a switch, so that the cyclist has the choice between a dynamo AC supply, and a battery DC supply for the operation of the bicycle light system. The battery is preferably charged through a solar module. A diode in the charging conductor prevents preferably that the battery is discharged at night through the solar module. A Zener diode connected parallel to the solar module and/or the battery, protects the battery against overload.    USE - For light system of bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - Recharges battery internally, without need for its removal. Enables use of superfluous energy of solar module for other purposes, e.g. radio.
NOVELTY - The emergency call system has a battery switching function and is provided with an auxiliary battery (6). An arithmetic control unit (2) always monitors a vehicle-mounted battery voltage (+B), and ACC voltage applied during en engine operation and the voltage of the auxiliary battery (6); switches a voltage to both the battery voltage (+B) and the ACC voltage to activate the emergency call system while the engine is running, both the battery voltage (+B) and the ACC voltage are 8V or higher and an emergency is not effected; switches a voltage to the battery voltage only while the engine is not running, the battery voltage is 8V or higher and an emergency is not effected; and otherwise drives the emergency call system with the auxiliary battery (6) only.    USE - Emergency call system with battery switching function    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic view of the emergency call system.    arithmetic control unit (2)    auxiliary battery (6)    battery voltage (+B)
NOVELTY - Voltage converter (24) with power modules (24-1-24-M) having parallel DC-DC converter, is connected between input and output filters (22,25) that are connected to energy storage unit (11) and load (31) by high and low voltage buses. Smart controller (27) connected to input and output control signal interfaces (23,26) and vehicle controller (28), processes their signals to switch the selected module.    USE - For use in electric and hybrid electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Provides high efficiency by operating each module at its optimum efficiency, thereby increases the range of vehicles. Provides highest possible conversion efficiency by disabling or enabling each module with smart controller.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the architecture of high efficiency distributed staged power system.    Energy storage unit (11)    Input and output filters (22,25)    Input and output control signal interfaces (23,26)    Voltage converter (24)    Power modules (24-1-24-M)    Smart controller (27)    Vehicle controller (28)    Load (31)
NOVELTY - A sleeve (30) with an outer threaded surface and a central opening, is accommodated in the opening (28) of a conductor plate (16). A fastener (60) engages the outer threaded surface to make portion of sleeve to inwardly seat against post terminal (12) such that sleeve and conductor plate are connected electrically to the post terminal.    USE - For storage battery used in automobile, truck.    ADVANTAGE - Provides reliable electrical connection between internal electrical distribution assembly and battery terminal. The terminal connector is assembled easily to the post terminal and attached to cable, thus saving space, providing quick on/off capability and better connection.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sleeve includes an annular flange (44) that defines shoulder (46) that contacts the peripheral edge of the sleeve opening, when the sleeve is fixed to the conductor plate. Post terminal of the battery (14) is passed through the central opening.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial cross-sectional side view of the battery terminal post connector.    Battery (14)    Conductor plate(28) Opening (16)    Sleeve (30)    Annular flange (44)    Shoulder (46)    Fastener (60)
NOVELTY - A lug projected inwardly in the recess of female connector, acts as cam follower. The lug cooperates with cam for providing relative movement between locked and unlocked positions of host of male connector.    USE - In fork lift truck and other similar vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances safety by eliminating the need to use molten lead for terminals. In locked condition, an insulator covers the male and female connectors thus eliminates electrocution. Insulator is made of heat shrinkable plastic, thus shrinkage due to dissipated heat, is reduced. Gap in cam of male connector provides linear spring action which permits secure locking position with less resistance and improved electrical contact. Male connector is formed in right angle configuration and is positioned within female connector which is formed directly into terminal of battery cover, which provides simple and efficient way for connecting cables to batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of battery connector assembly.
NOVELTY - The system (10) has an initiator (30) such as a pyrotechnic squib or semiconductor bridge circuit that activates an airbag (20) upon receipt of an initiation signal. A Hall effect sensor (56) detects current flow of the electrical initiation signal to the occupant protection device and responsively actuates a radio beacon that broadcasts a radio signal (54) to notify emergency services that the vehicle has been involved in an accident. The radio beacon controller (50) includes a super capacitor to provide a back-up supply of energy to power the transmit circuitry.    USE - For informing emergency services of vehicle's position after vehicle has been involved in an accident.    ADVANTAGE - Automatically informs emergency services of vehicle crash.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of protecting a vehicle occupant and signaling.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the vehicle occupant protection and signal apparatus.    occupant protection and signaling system (10)    airbag (20)    radio transmitter (52)    radio signal (54)
NOVELTY - Cells with unformed negative plates after assembly are subjected to partial discharge with current density 0.3-0.6 A/sq dm till 40-70% discharge of rated value of capacity is achieved under 20 hour mode.    USE - Manufacture of lead-acid cells and storage batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Prolonged storage time, simplified storage conditions and reduced time of activation.
NOVELTY - A flame adjusting device comprises a tank (20) with upper and lower portions for receiving a fluid, a coupler (30) coupled to a gas generator (11), first and second hoses (40, 50) coupling the lower and upper portions to the coupler for receiving a gas from the generator, and a control valve (51) for controlling the gas to flow through the hoses.    USE - For gas generator, e.g. hydrogen or oxygen generator.    ADVANTAGE - The device is capable of adjusting the gaseous fuel from the oxygen and hydrogen generator and the flame generated by the gaseous fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plane view of an oxygen and hydrogen generator having a flame adjusting device.    Gas generator (11)    Tank (20)    Indicator (23)    Facility (24)    Coupler (30)    First and second hoses (40, 50)    Control valve (51)
NOVELTY - Partitions divide the inside of a battery jar into cell chambers each containing a polar group. Flues are attached to a lid for connection to the cell chambers. An exhaust path (15) extends from the upper part of the battery jar and is connected to the flues. A gas receptacle with an explosion-proof filter is formed on the end of the exhaust path that is on the upper part of the battery jar.    USE - For retainer type mono block battery.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents acid mist from reaching explosion-proof filter, thereby preventing filter from clogging. Blocks ignition explosion of exhaust gas with explosion-proof filter. Prevents damage of flue or exhaust valve of each cell chamber even when exhaust gas explodes near exhaust outlet, thereby keeping cell chambers airtight. Prevents reduction of battery property, scattering of electrolyte outside of battery, and corrosion of battery peripheral device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the exploded view of a battery jar.    Exhaust path (15)
NOVELTY - The loads are connected to a power supply, through a power supply line and to sub-control units, through a communication wire. A main control unit (11) supplies a load control signal to each sub-control unit, through the communication wire.    USE - For supplying power to electronic devices in vehicles like motor vehicle, aircraft, wafer craft, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for large size battery. Hence weight and installation space of power supply are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of power supply.    Main control unit (11)
NOVELTY - A battery element (3) consists of winding object to wind strip-shaped positive and negative electrodes (4,5) in battery jar (2) through a separator (7). An electrolyte retainer (10) is arranged opposing the positive and negative electrodes of battery element.    USE - For electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV).    ADVANTAGE - As electrolyte retainer is provided opposing the strip-shaped positive and negative electrodes, charging and discharging in long term cycle is carried out, thus reduction in battery capacitance by electrolyte insufficiency, is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembling isometric view of the secondary battery.    Battery jar (2)    Battery element (3)    Electrodes (4,5)    Separator (7)    Electrolyte retainer (10)
NOVELTY - The positive electrode consists of lithium manganese oxide with a spinel structure while the negative electrode consists of carbon material. The organic electrolyte has lithium salts dissolved in solvent containing a cyclic carbonate and a chain like carbonate. The electrolyte also includes butane sulfone or butadiene sulfur of 0.5-10% of volume.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The charging and discharging property of battery is improved and energy density is high.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram showing the charging and discharging cycle property.
NOVELTY - The active material filling factor in each anode and cathode plates of battery, is 33-35% and the total active material filling factor of both plates is 67-69%. The electrolyte specific gravity is 1.295-1.305d. The theoretical capacity of cathode plate is 40-58% of theoretical capacity of anode plate.    USE - Two-wheeled vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - As the thickness of plates is not changed, cost is reduced.
NOVELTY - Conductive rollers (1,2) of specific width are connected to power supply (20). Tabular core material (3) is passed between the rollers. Metal powder (10B) and electroconductive hydrogen occlusion alloy powder (10A) are mixed and supplied between core material and the rollers so that strip-like negative electrode plate (19) with hydrogen occlusion alloy power layer is formed.    USE - Manufacturing negative electrode plate for nickel-cadmium battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Battery has excellent fixing strength and high discharge property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for secondary battery negative electrode plate manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the negative electrode plate manufacture.    Conductive rollers (1,2)    Tabular core material (3)    Alloy powder (10A)    Metal powder (10B)    Electrode plate (19)    Power supply (20)
NOVELTY - A printed circuit board is provided to the electrodes (6a,6b) side surfaces of batteries (6) connected in parallel. A lead tab (5) and a protective circuit (2) are provided on each board.    USE - For power supply of portable apparatus, mounted to electrical vehicle and electrically driven cart, video camera, personal computer, backup apparatus used during service interruption, security apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Since the necessity of cell voltage detection line is eliminated, the manufacturing cost of battery group is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of secondary battery group.    Protective circuit (2)    Lead tab (5)    Batteries (6)    Electrodes (6a,6b)
NOVELTY - Ammonium vanadate is heated inside an airtight reactor chamber and decomposed. The oxide of vanadium is reduced by ammonia gas and made into lower oxide. The obtained lower oxides V2Ox where (xat most3.5) and V2Oy where (y greater than 3.5) are blended and set to V2O3.5 which is then dissolved in sulfuric acid.    USE - For manufacturing vanadium sulfate solution used as raw material of vanadium group electrolyte used for redox battery.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte for redox batteries can be manufactured economically and easily from ammonium vanadate which is easy to acquire in hand.
NOVELTY - The surface of noble metal electrode catalysts (2,3) is maintained cleanly by oxidizing monosaccharide such as glucose included in solution which is in contact with the electrode catalyst layer.    USE - For fuel battery used as power supply in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Catalytic activity of electrode is improved by maintenance of electrode surface by oxidation of monosaccharide such as glucose included in the solution, thereby efficiency of electricity generation by fuel battery is also improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of fuel batteries.    Electrode catalysts (2,3)
NOVELTY - The battery exchange installation (1) has a low structure that allows a battery (2) to be easily withdrawn. The installation has slots (4) that allow easy insertion of discharged batteries. A payment system releases a lock to allow the user to remove a charged battery when they have inserted a discharged battery. The height of the installation is limited to 120 cm to be acceptable in shops.    USE - Exchange of depleted battery for fully charged battery for electrically powered bicycles    ADVANTAGE - Easily handled battery that is fully enclosed and is easily fitted to bicycle and easily inserted into charging station.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a front elevation of the installation    Battery exchange installation (1)    Batteries (2)    Slots housing battery units (4)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system has a water reservoir heater (40) of sufficient power for complete evaporation of the anti-freeze content of the water.    USE - In a vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The system allows anti-freeze addition to the water used for moistening the fuel cell membrane during fuel cell start-up so that the fuel cell is fully functional even at sub-zero ambient temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell system has a heater (40) which is used for heating a liquid (especially water) reservoir (30) in the fuel and/or oxidant supply line (23, 25) and which has a heating power sufficient for complete evaporation of anti-freeze contained in the liquid, the evaporated anti-freeze being collected and condensed for return to the reservoir (30).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fuel cell system according to the invention.    Fuel cell (20)    Fuel supply line (23)    Fuel delivery line (24)    Oxidant supply line (25)    Oxidant delivery line (26)    Liquid reservoir (30)    Heater (40)
NOVELTY - The automobile (1) has an i.c. engine (2) for providing the propulsion drive and a fuel cell system (5) with an electrically-heated autothermic reformation reactor (6), followed by a shift-reactor (10), for providing the electrical energy for the automobile electrical auxiliaries. During the cold-starting phase a controlled valve (12) at the output of the shift-reactor supplies the provided gas to the engine for reducing the exhaust emission levels, the valve closed when the required operating temperature is reached, for supplying the gas to the fuel cell (15), the anode gas combined with the fuel fed to the engine..    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The automobile engine exhaust emission levels during cold-starting and normal running are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a principle diagram of an automobile with an i.c. engine and a fuel cell system.    Automobile (1)    I.c. engine (2)    Fuel cell system (5)    Electrically-heated autothermic reformation reactor (6)    Shift-reactor (10)    Valve (12)    Fuel cell (15)
NOVELTY - A device (10) has a rotor (11) with multiple cells (12) coated with an absorption substance. The rotor rotates in a casing (13) locked in with two cover elements (14,16) having a number of openings (15,17). A cell with stored moisture is rotated further, so that a dry flow of gas is subsequently fed into the cell through a gas inlet (26) and the openings (15) in the other cover element (14). It is there that the moisture is transferred from the absorption substance onto the dry flow of gas that is then drawn off from the cell (12) through a gas outlet (27) as a moistened flow of gas.    USE - For electro-chemical fuel cell systems in the car industry.    ADVANTAGE - Transfers moisture from flow of gas in simple manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In order to be able to dry a moist flow of gas easily and to moisten a dry flow of gas easily and to make a compromise as need arises, the moist flow of gas is fed into a cell in the rotor through a gas inlet (24) and the openings (17) in the cover element (16) where the flow of gas gives up its moisture to the absorption substance. Also, the flow of gas is drawn off through a gas outlet (25). INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a fuel cell system and a method for transferring moisture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of the present invention.    Device (10)    Casing (13)    Cover elements (14,16)    Openings (15,17)    Gas inlets (24,26)    Rotor (11)    Cell (12)    Gas outlet (25,27)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion alloy comprises Mgp-xAxNi1-yBy. A is Al, Mn, Sn, Ca, Li, B, La, Ce, Nd, Pr, Y or mixed rare earth material; B is Cu, Ti, Co, Fe, Cr, Zr, V, Nb, Mo and W; with p=1.5-2.5, x=0-1.5 and y=0-0.8.    USE - For electrode with very high electrochemical capacity for Ni-H2 battery, hydrogen storing container, hydrogen-powered vehicle and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - It has excellent hydrogen adsorbing and releasing performance at normal temperature and under normal pressure.
A fuel-cell installation has at least two separately driveable part-systems, in which the part-systems are dissimilar, and specifically have separate voltage regulation and/or power electronics. The part-systems are connected electrically in parallel, and at least one part-system of the installation is comprised of at least one high-temperature-polymer-electrolyte-membrane (HTM) fuel-cell unit and/or a polymer-electrolyte-membrane (PEM) fuel- cell unit.    The fuel-cell installation more specifically comprises at least one starter system and/or one low-voltage (LV) system.    ADVANTAGE -   Has facility for dynamic power matching or adjustment e.g during overtaking manoeuvres, and/or low-voltage system e.g. for operation in summer.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical sleeve (28) has a contact member consisting of several space strips (24). The ends of each space strip is non-movably fixed in an angularly offset position with respect to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve. The sleeve having space strips is inserted into a cylindrical portion (60) of holder (62).    USE - For automobile alternator, vehicle battery, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since cylindrical sleeve and strips are unitarily formed as one piece member, the need for a separate sleeve is eliminated. As electrical connector has improved radially resilient electrical socket, the manufacturing cost is significantly reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for connector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the enlarged, side elevational and cross-sectional views of electrical connector.    Space strip (24)    Cylindrical sleeve (28)    Cylindrical portion (60)    Holder (62)
NOVELTY - A DC switch (103) is electrically coupled between a supply power interface and the battery charging circuit (105). The power supply interface receives power from the vehicular battery power source and then transmitted to the charging circuit only if circuit is connected to the battery.    USE - The arrangement is used with portable radio communication devices in vehicle and other mobile environment for e.g. portable radio utilized by government, police, fire rescue service, cellular phones, vehicle telephones e.g. for car, boat.    ADVANTAGE - Provides continual charging ability to a battery operated portable device while exhibiting minimal drain current from a vehicle battery power source, when a charger arrangement is not used for charging a battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery charging method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows electrical block diagram of battery charger arrangement.    DC switch (103)    Battery charging circuit (105)
NOVELTY - A three way valve is operated to circulate heated fluid through an insulated box having a battery or to return circulated fluid from the box or to selectively interrupt the flow of heated fluid to the box. The insulated box is provided with a heat reflective layer (72) so that the heat reflective layer is arranged between the reflective layer and the battery.    USE - In military vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to heat the battery during the vehicle operation and to keep the battery warm during over night period to facilitate easy restarting of the vehicle and to prevent damage to the battery. Facilitates retrofit into existing vehicle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cage like separator (90) is provided to hold the battery in the box at a predetermined position and to separate a heating coil from the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of insulated box.    Heat reflective layer (72)    Cage like separator (90)
NOVELTY - A compressor controller (4) drives a compressor (5) at a velocity which emits an antiphase beat that reduces the beat of a drive motor (1). The compressor supplies air to the fuel cell. The drive motor uses the fuel cell as an electric power unit.    USE - For fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the beat sound of the drive motor of a fuel cell vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the drive beat sound reduction apparatus.    Drive motor (1)    Compressor controller (4)    Compressor (5)
NOVELTY - A positive electrode strap (12) and a negative electrode strap (13), respectively connected to the edges of a positive electrode board (9) and a negative electrode plate (10), are integrally provided to the height direction of the cell chambers (6a-6f). A support (24) is provided in contact with the inner wall of the height direction of the cell chambers between the positive and negative electrode straps.    USE - Used electric power unit of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents reduction of battery property since bending result of horizontal partition can be eliminated. Improves reliability of battery since damage of partition and cover in response to influence of vibration can be prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A pair of positive electrode terminals and a pair of negative electrode terminals are arranged in the upper section of a battery jar (2). A positive electrode connecting piece and a positive electrode connecting piece respectively connect a positive electrode edge and the positive electrode terminals and a negative electrode edge and the negative electrode terminals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of retainer-type mono block battery.    Battery jar (2)    Cell chambers (6a-6f)    Positive electrode board (9)    Negative electrode plate (10)    Positive electrode strap (12)    Negative electrode strap (13)    Support (24)
NOVELTY - A positive electrode strap (12) and a negative electrode strap (13) are respectively connected to the edges of a positive electrode board (9) and a negative electrode plate (10). One side of the positive electrode strap and one side of the negative electrode strap are contacted to the inner wall of the height direction of the cell chambers (6a-6f).    USE - Used electric power unit of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents reduction of battery property since bending result of horizontal partition can be eliminated. Improves reliability of battery since damage of partition and cover in response to influence of vibration can be prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A pair of positive electrode terminals and a pair of negative electrode terminals are arranged in the upper section of a battery jar (2). A positive electrode connecting piece and a positive electrode connecting piece respectively connect a positive electrode edge and the positive electrode terminals and a negative electrode edge and the negative electrode terminals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of retainer-type mono block battery.    Battery jar (2)    Cell chambers (6a-6f)    Positive electrode board (9)    Negative electrode plate (10)    Positive electrode strap (12)    Negative electrode strap (13)
NOVELTY - A connection (11) between the terminal assembly mounted to the outside of battery enclosure portion (30) having a opening (36) and electric feed through extending through the opening, is made around the periphery of aperture of the terminal assembly and forms the current path. The aperture is sized so that upon development of preset overcurrent connection (11) is broken.    USE - For controlling flow of current from rechargeable battery using automatic circuit breaker in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Allows variations in the amount of current allowed through the connection before it automatically opens, by nearly selecting different aperture diameter. Automatically interrupts the current flow from a battery upon development of preset overcurrent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The terminal assembly includes a contact disk (8) having an aperture and current plate (4) having a hole. The battery has another connection between the current plate and contact disk, which has higher current carrying capacity than connection (11). An epoxy covers the connection between the terminal assembly and electric feed through.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of battery enclosure portion.    Current plat (4)    Contact disk (8)    Connection (11)    Enclosure portion (30)    Opening (36)
NOVELTY - The device comprises a subdivided, foldable load plate formed in one piece or multisectional, having plate fixtures at an upper and/or a lower side.    USE - For accommodation and transport of product, object, or small animal.    ADVANTAGE - Enables simple transport and storage when folded. Enables fast and simple unfolding.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Adjacent or behind each other arranged wheel boxes are provided, accommodating corresponding runner wheels. Holders are arranged movable or fixed at the load plate, comprising height-adjustable handles. The device can be pulled manually, or can be moved electrically through batteries or solar energy, having a corresponding arrangement of components, control components, switches, batteries, solar cells, conductors, and cables.
NOVELTY - The electromagnetic system is dimensioned such that a sufficient power is provided for the light unit (30 if the metal leaves (2) on the wheel of the roller (1) are moved past at the electromagnetic system. The system includes a coil core (5), a coil (6), a permanent magnet (7) and an air gap. The light unit (3) is connected with LEDs that are arranged anti-parallel, so that a blinking light effect results. A rectifier (11) and a capacitor (12) are connected with the lighting unit such that a parking light function is achieved.    USE - For vehicles without onboard electric supply systems.    ADVANTAGE - The lighting system can be simply mounted and requires little mounting space, and operates with low friction compared to a conventional dynamo. The system works reliably, and can be fabricated cost effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a representative rear view of the lighting system.    Roller (1)    Metal leaf (2)    Baseplate (4)    Coil core (5)    Coil (6)    Permanent magnet (7)    Hub (8)    Reception system (9)
NOVELTY - The oxygenated hydrocarbon fuel gas auto-thermal reformer comprises a monolithic open cell foam core catalyst bed, a fuel gas inlet passage, an air inlet passage and a fuel gas reforming catalyst in the foam core catalyst    USE - Fuel-steam reformer assembly, for use in fuel cell power plants, particularly in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst bed is compact and lightweight, such that it can be used in vehicular applications. The assembly can be rapidly brought up to operating temperatures through the use of electricity provided by an automotive battery. The assembly has a lower fuel ignition temperature to allow rapid start up.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The oxygenated hydrocarbon fuel gas auto-thermal reformer comprises:    (a) a monolithic open cell foam core catalyst bed (2) with an inlet end and outlet end, and an inlet portion of the bed having a catalyst which combusts a portion of the fuel gas to raise the temperature of the bed while minimizing carbon deposition in the catalyzed cells of the foam core;    (b) a fuel gas inlet passage in heat exchange relationship with an outlet processed fuel gas passage from the catalyst bed whereby heat will be transferred to the fuel gas inlet passage from the processed gas stream;    (c) an air inlet passage, in heat exchange relationship with processed gas stream whereby heat from the processed gas stream will be transferred to the air inlet passage; and    (d) a fuel gas reforming catalyst deposited in the foam core catalyst.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) a methanol fuel gas reformer;    (B) a methanol fuel gas auto-thermal reformer;    (C) a further an oxygenated hydrocarbon fuel gas auto-thermal reformer; and    (D) a methanol fuel gas auto-thermal reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an axial cross-sectional view of the auto-thermal reformer assembly.    Foam core catalyst bed (2)
NOVELTY - A Zener diode (22) is connected in series with resistors (23-25) across input/output terminals (18,19), forming part of a trigger circuit- IC comparator (21) to actuate alarm signal (20) when charging voltage exceeds threshold level.    USE - For cordless power tools.    ADVANTAGE - It prevents over-charging of battery pack by vehicle charging system (generator or alternator).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic circuit diagram of alarm circuit included in battery pack.    Terminal (19)    Alarm Circuit (20)    Trigger Circuit (21)    Zener Diode (22)    Resistors (23-25)
NOVELTY - The liquid levels of anolyte solution and catholyte solutions are detected and fed to a central processor, to determine the pressure differential between the levels. A pressure adjustment data is generated, and fed to a pressure controller, to maintain the pressure differential within selected range.    USE - For synthesis of hydrogen and oxygen in electric chemical cell such as water electrolyzer used for various industries, maintaining desired pressure differential across cell separation membrane.    ADVANTAGE - Suits for single cell or a stack of cells. The process and system are simplified, cheap and operate even at higher temperatures and in alkali environments.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid levels of anolyte and catholyte solutions are measured optically, by determining electric characteristics, by detecting height of a float in the liquid level, by determining consequential changes of electromagnetic characteristics or by determining the changes in ultrasonic characteristics. The detected levels are subjected to algorithmic treatment for determining the pressure adjustment data. Either the oxygen pressure with respect to hydrogen or the hydrogen pressure with respect to oxygen is adjusted by varying the oxygen out take flow, above the anolytic liquid level.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electrolytic cell. An optical, electric, electromagnetic, acoustic, ultrasonic sensor (400) or mechanical ball clock sensor for determining the height of float is arranged at the top of end boxes (44) to detect the anolytic and catholytic solutions. The measured data is fed to a control processor for obtaining the pressure adjustment data, to control out-take pressure value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows exploded perspective view of multiple stack electrochemical system.    End boxes (44)    Ultrasonic sensor (400)
NOVELTY - An electricity generation program unit produces an electricity generation program when the computed specific fuel consumption is low, to generate electricity that will minimize fuel consumption.    USE - For hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables fuel consumption to be minimized, thereby preventing degradation of battery due to over discharge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A path calculation unit (55) computes for the traveling path from a first to a second point. An information detection unit (57) detects information about of the road of the computed traveling path. A driving force calculation unit. A driving force calculation unit computes for the driving force that the internal combustion engine and electric motor should generate when traveling based on the detected road information. A specific fuel consumption calculation unit (71) computes for the specific fuel consumption of the engine. An electricity generation amount calculation unit estimates the electric energy consumed by the electric motor and computes the required amount of electricity based on the remaining charge of a battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the block diagram of the control apparatus.    Path calculation unit (55)    Information detection unit (57)    Specific fuel consumption calculation unit (71)
NOVELTY - A generator (2) produces electricity due to the rotation of a wheel. A constant voltage circuit (3) increases the output of the generator. A charging circuit (4) charges a secondary battery (11) with the output of the constant voltage circuit.    USE - For electric vehicle e.g. electrically-driven bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables charging to be performed automatically during transit. Enables optimum charging control to be performed depending on remaining charge of secondary battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the block diagram of the charger.    Generator (2)    Constant voltage circuit (3)    Charging circuit (4)    Secondary battery (11)
NOVELTY - A solar battery (40) supplies electric power to a chiller (30) that cools a secondary battery.    USE - For secondary battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies configuration of cooling system. Prevents performance degradation of secondary battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of a cooling system.    Chiller (30)    Solar battery (40)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming one or all sides of the metallic negative electrode container (1) and positive electric container (3) with aluminum alloy containing magnesium. Ultrasonic oscillation is impressed after making part of the insulation ring (2) in contact to the aluminum alloy. One side of each container is joined to the insulation ring.    USE - For manufacturing sodium-sulfur battery used in electric power storage for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures easy, cost-effective, rapid and efficient manufacture of sodium-sulfur battery with highly reliable property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Sodium is used as the negative electrode active material while sulfur is used as the positive electrode active material. A solid electrolyte (4) is intervened between the sodium and sulfur. The insulated ring is joined to the solid electrolyte. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the sodium-sulfur battery manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of a sodium-sulfur battery.    Negative electrode container (1)    Insulation ring (2)    Positive electric container (3)    Solid electrolyte (4)
NOVELTY - Solar panel (8) is provided with solar battery paddle extending radially outside the panel. Disc (2) is connected to paddle and the panel is provided with shape memory alloy. The alloy material deforms due to heating by solar energy to vary the attachment position of panel.    USE - For controlling position of solar panels in motor vehicles, satellites, solar battery electrical power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Solar battery paddle is installed at arbitrary places effectively, irrespective of mounting conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (a) diagnostic procedure of position controller;    (b) degradation condition estimation procedure of shape memory alloy    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side and top views of solar battery paddle of solar panel.    Disc (2)    Solar panel (8)
NOVELTY - Electric wheelchair has a main power supply unit (4) and an auxiliary power supply unit (5). Both units consist of alkaline cells. The storage capacity of auxiliary power supply is lower than that of the main power supply unit.    USE - Electric wheelchair for physically handicapped and elderly people.    ADVANTAGE - Electric wheelchair uses alkaline storage batteries for both main and auxiliary power supply units, instead of lead storage battery. Hence, considerable weight reduction is achieved and distance coverage per charging is more.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of electric wheelchair using both main and auxiliary power supplies.    Main power supply unit (4)    Auxiliary power supply unit (5)
NOVELTY - A battery module comprises an integrated battery case (2) having cell cases (3) coupled together in an integrated body. There is an integrated lid (4) for closing open ends of the cell cases. Communicating paths (37) are provided for communicating a number of neighboring cell cases with one another.    USE - For an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The lifetime of the module is extended, and the costs are lowered as fewer safety vents are required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partial longitudinal cross-section of the module.    case (2)    cell cases (3)    integrated lid (4)    communicating paths (37)
NOVELTY - The high power battery is provided with a holder for containing multiple rechargeable batteries (6) which are connected in series and have sensor leads (14) projecting from their end regions, and end plates with pass bars for connecting the power modules in series. The temperature sensor leads are flexible wires and are long enough to allow them to be connected outside the endplates (3).    USE - To provide a reliable and quick battery assembly method for electric vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Battery assembly cost is low    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Exploded view of power source    Endplates (3)    Batteries (6)    Sensor leads (14)
NOVELTY - A negative electrode, comprises an electrode material containing an acrylic acid derivative copolymer-based latex additive and a polymeric binder containing butadiene units.    USE - The negative electrode is used for a high energy lithium ion cell, useful in satellites and electric vehicle batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode material allows the use of expanded or perforated copper sheet instead of expensive nickel foam as the substrate and has a reduced content of electrochemically non-active material (reduction from about 18 to down to 4.5 wt.%), resulting in a better cell performance than that of prior art cell types, e.g. an energy density increase from 115 to 120 Wh./kg, a factor of three improvement in storage capacity and a reduction of irreversible high temperature loss from 12 to 2.5% in the charged state at 60degreesC for 1 day.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A negative electrode, for a high energy lithium ion cell, consists of an electrode material which contains a lithium intercalation compound, a conductive material and a polymeric binder and is supported on a metallic substrate. The electrode material contains a latex additive based on an acrylic acid derivative copolymer and a polymeric binder containing butadiene units.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the above negative electrode by homogeneously dispersing carbon black with the latex additive in a solvent, mixing with graphite, stirring to form a homogeneous mixture, blending in the polymeric binder no earlier than the stirring step and applying the resulting electrode material onto the support substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a comparison between the values of total surface resistivity (R) of the negative electrode produced as described in the example (curve 1) and a conventional electrode (curve 2) versus the cell pressure (p).
NOVELTY - The catalytic burner comprises injectors (25, 26) for liquid fuel injection into a fuel and oxidizing gas pre-mixing section (24) and into a combustion chamber (50).    USE - Especially for heating an evaporator in a vehicle fuel cell system, e.g. a solid polyelectrolyte fuel cell system operated with air and reformed methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The design provides cooling of the combustion section by evaporation of the injected liquid fuel to prevent high temperature damage to the catalyst and promotes pre-evaporation and pre-mixing of the fuel, while maintaining the catalyst operating temperature and stabilizing the flame.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalytic burner comprises:    (a) a pre-mixing section (24) for mixing liquid fuel and oxidizing gas;    (b) a burner section (28a, b) for burning the fuel mixture in the presence of a catalyst;    (c) a combustion chamber (50) for burning a liquid fuel;    (d) a first injector (25) for liquid fuel injection into the combustion chamber (50);    (e) a second injector (26) for liquid fuel injection into the pre-mixing section (24); and    (f) a passageway (27) for oxidizing gas supply into the pre-mixing section (24).    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) an evaporator heated by the above catalytic burner for evaporating a liquid; and    (ii) a fuel cell system with the above evaporator, in which liquid, in the form of water or a hydrocarbon fuel, is evaporated and reformed and the resulting reformed gas is supplied to the fuel electrode side for electrical power generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a catalytic burner.    Pre-mixing section (24)    First injector (25)    Second injector (26)    Passageway (27)    Catalytic burner (28)    Burner sections (28a, b)    Spark plug (29)    Combustion chamber (50)
NOVELTY - A conformal layer which includes catalytic material comprising transition metal, is made of an ionomeric material comprising Nafion. The conformal layer is formed on portions of the porous substrate. The porous substrate is made of electrically conductive material such as graphite.    USE - For fuel cell e.g. proton exchange membrane fuel cells used for zero-emission vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids formation of carbon coating in fuel cell. Avoids adherence of catalyst particles with in porous carbon electrode. Enhances hydrogen permeation at anode, oxygen and water vapor at the cathode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrocatalyst layer formation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell including membrane electrode assembly having solid electrolyte.
NOVELTY - A duct structure (22) is constructed in such a way that air through its inlet (34) reduces the temperature around the battery (24) placed on battery casing (24A), while passing air from intake inlet to the air box (18). The battery casing is placed on a battery tray enclosure.    USE - For protecting battery used in automotive vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Cost of battery protection system to increase the battery life, is reduced by the in-built duct structure to avoid overheating of batteries.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top plan view of portion of engine compartment with duct structure and the battery tray with battery, placed between air intake system.    Air box (18)    Duct structure (22)    Battery (24)    Battery casing (24A)    Inlet (34)
NOVELTY - A porous composite separator is fabricated by disposing a solution of separator precursor comprising a solid particulate material (32) and a chlorinated polyolefin binder (34) on the electrode. The solution is transformed forming a porous composite separator that adheres to the electrode.    USE - For fabricating a porous composite separator for an electrochemical cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention forms a high performance, thin separator. Because of the adhesion characteristics of the binder, it will bond to an electrode without the use of high pressures during fabrication. This binder has very low solubility in electrolyte solvents.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a highly magnified schematic illustration of the structure of the separator.    Solid particulate (32)    Binder (34)
NOVELTY - A first attachment section detachably fixes a portable jump start system to a platform (11). A second attachment section fixes the platform to a structure in a vehicle. The input terminal of an electrical circuit, which regulates charging of battery of the jump start system, is connected to the DC power supply of the vehicle. The output terminal of the electrical circuit is connected to the battery.    USE - For storage and charging of battery of portable jump start system of motor vehicle, boat, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Provides secure stowage location within vehicle, and maintains battery of jump start system at a high state of charge until needed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of a docking station.    Platform (11)
NOVELTY - Generator (6) is coupled to a wind mill shaft (2) of wind mill (1) by gear trains (3,4). The wind mill is rotated by wind energy when vehicles move forward. The rotational energy of the wind mill is converted into electricity by the generator.    USE - For generating electricity in vehicle using wind energy.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces fuel consumption. Avoids environmental pollution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of vehicular generator.    Wind mill (1)    Wind mill shaft (2)    Gear trains (3,4)    Generator (6)
NOVELTY - A lithium secondary battery uses a positive electrode and is used at a charge capacity of 30-100%.    USE - Battery pack for an electric car.    ADVANTAGE - The use of the positive electrode active material yields superior battery performance, particularly, at high temperatures. Charge and discharge are repeatedly used at a region having a charge capacity of 30% or more. The result inhibits heating caused by current carrying in using the battery and avoids an over-output due to rapid progress in battery reaction, and also avoids battery burst or flash due to an elevation in temperature. The resulting battery pack has reduced burden of controlling (air cooling, water cooling) the battery temperature. The battery has prolonged life and high safety.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The positive electrode consists of LiNi(1-x)M(x)O(2), where M = one element or a combination of two or more elements selected from Ti, Mn, Co, Al, Mg, and Ga; and x = greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1.
NOVELTY - Lithium secondary battery contains a lithium nickel composite oxide used as anode active material, anode active material filling factor in the anode combined material consisting of the active material, a conductive agent, and a binder in an amount within a range 43 - 60%.    USE - Useful as a power source for a personal computer, a portable telephone set, and an electric car.    ADVANTAGE - Battery performance, such as initial discharge capacity and cycle characteristics, are excellent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The formula of the composite material is LiNi(1-a-b)XaYbO2, where X consists of combination of one kind or at least two kinds of elements selected from Co and Mn; a = 0.01 - 0.4, b = 0.001 - 0.2.
NOVELTY - In manufacture of a lithium secondary battery using a anode formed of an active material consisting mainly of a lithium composite oxide represented by a composition formula and a cathode formed of an active material consisting mainly of graphite, charge and discharge are executed by heating at temperature of 45 - 65 degrees after first charge or discharge after assembly of a battery is executed at a room temperature.    USE - Useful for a power source mounted on an electric car and a hybrid electric car.    ADVANTAGE - Capacity is high and cycle characteristics are excellent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composition formula is LiNi-xMxO2, where M consists of combination of one kind or at least two kinds selected from Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Li, Mg, Al, Ga, and x is 0.05 - 0.4.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen alloy in a cathode (6) is saturated magnetized by a ferromagnetic component on a surface after the alloy is immersed in a 8N potassium hydroxide water solution at 60 degrees for 48 hours. Cathode (6) has a collection plate formed of pouching metal sheet provided at least at one side end part with a plain part, and the plain part is connected to the inner surface of the container bottom through a plate-form conduction member similar to the container bottom.    USE - Useful as a drive source for a motor-drive tool, and an electric car.    ADVANTAGE - Capacity is high and an increased life is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen alloy is of general formula is LmNixMnyMz, where Lm is a rare earth element containing 70 - 100 wt.% La, M indicates at least one element selected from Co, Al, Fe, and Zr, atom ratios x, y, and z indicate 3.30 at most x at most 4.50, 0.01 at most y at most 0.30, 0.20 at most z at most 1.70, and 4.90 at most x + y + z at most 5.50.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing indicates a nickel hydrogen secondary battery.    cathode (6)
NOVELTY - The catalyst comprises (silica)alumina coated with copper, gold, silver, vanadium, antimony, bismuth, chromium, selenium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, palladium, platinum or their metal oxides.    USE - Removal of carbon monoxide in hydrogen rich gas formed in fuel battery system.    ADVANTAGE - The removal of carbon monoxide in hydrogen rich gas is performed effectively. The poisoning of the electrode in fuel battery is prevent. The reduction in electricity generation efficiency by the fuel is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for selective removal of carbon monoxide in fuel battery system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst.
NOVELTY - Graphite fiber with mean particle diameter of 5-50 mum is heated at 500-900degreesC in an oxidizing atmosphere containing 5-40 volume% of oxygen and graphite material with rate of gain of mean surface area of 1.5-6 is obtained.    USE - For negative electrode of lithium ion secondary battery (claimed) used for electric vehicles and electric power storage.    ADVANTAGE - The obtained graphite material is cheap and has high discharge capacity. Lithium secondary battery with high volume can be obtained using the negative electrode comprising graphite material.
NOVELTY - Water and oil from respective reservoirs (4,5) are circulated through pipelines (17,18), to cool the motor (2) and to lubricate the bearings (16a,16b), respectively. Heat exchange between water reservoir and oil reservoir is carried out through wall (25).    USE - For hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since heat generated by rotation of motor and transmitted to water is exchanged to the lubricating oil through wall, the temperature of oil is raised and hence small oil pump with low power consumption is used to start the turbo compressor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of turbo compressor.    Motor (2)    Reservoirs (4,5)    Bearings (16a,16b)    Pipelines (17,18)    Heat exchange wall (25)
NOVELTY - The bussing structure includes a first plate (1) and a second plate (2) , each having a central aperture (10). Current collection tabs (22), extending from an electrode stack (20) in the electrochemical cell, extend through the central aperture in the first plate, and are then sandwiched between the first plate and second plate. The second plate is then connected to a terminal on the outside of the case of the electrochemical cell. Each of the plates includes a second aperture (6) which is positioned beneath a safety vent in the case of the electrochemical cell to promote turbulent flow of gasses through the vent upon its opening.    USE - For bussing current within electrochemical cell.    ADVANTAGE - Allows use of current collection tabs having short length. Has low impedance which is less than or equal to 1.5 milliohms an high conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an electrochemical cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a negative side of an electrode stack of electrochemical cell connected to bussing structure.    plates (1,2)    apertures (6,10)    electrode stack (20)    current collection tabs (22)
NOVELTY - A number of prismatic battery modules (2), each having a positive electrode connecting terminal (5) and a negative electrode connecting terminal (6) arranged at opposite ends, are arranged in a row such that the electrode connecting terminals (5, 6) are directed alternately in opposite directions, to constitute a battery pack (1). A first and a second connection modules (7,8) disposed at either end of the battery pack for connecting the battery modules (2) in series are constituted by mutually linking, in a relatively displaceable manner, module connectors (12, 20) that comprise metal connection elements integrally held in a resin frame.    USE - E.g. for use in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Fixing of connection modules can be performed easily without compromising sealing performance of connecting terminals, even if there are variations in position of connecting terminals of battery modules. There is no risk of short-circuiting in event of collisions even though battery pack is mounted in metallic body of vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the battery pack.    battery pack (1)    modules (2)    terminals (5,6)    connection modules (7,8)    module connectors (12,20)
NOVELTY - The vehicle has a detector that measures either an output sustaining ability and a variation of it with regard to one of the two energy output sources. An output controller controls an output state of energy from each of the two energy output sources, based on a result of the measurement by the detector, so as to ensure output of a required total energy. A moving object in accordance with, the moving object is constructed as a vehicle has the at least two energy output sources includes the fuel cell.    USE - For hybrid vehicle with fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Provides vehicle with fuel cells mounted on it, which effectively uses the fuel cells as an energy output source and has excellent fuel consumption and environmental properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of controlling a drive of a hybrid vehicle, and a hybrid system,    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematically the structure of a hybrid vehicle in an embodiment according to the invention.
NOVELTY - The circuit has a bridge circuit with a series circuit formed on one side by connecting resistances (101,102) and a series circuit on the other side formed by connecting a resistance (103), a temp.-dependent semiconducting element (104) and a temp. characteristic controller (200) containing a temp. characteristic correction element (203) with an opposite temp. characteristic to that of the semiconducting element and a differential amplifier (100). The output of the junction of the series circuit on one side of the bridge circuit and the output of the temp. characteristic controller on the other side are connected to the differential amplifier input.    USE - For use over a wide temp. range, e.g. for a vehicle control circuit.    ADVANTAGE - An excellent temp. characteristic is achieved over a wide temp. range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a constant voltage circuit    resistances (101,102,103)    temp.-dependent semiconducting element (104)    temp. characteristic controller (200)    temp. characteristic correction element (203)    differential amplifier (100)    .
NOVELTY - In an internal combustion engine with a fuel cell as current/voltage source, which is connected to a hydrogen-generating reformer that reforms hydrogen from a liquid fuel supplied for operating the engine, the reformer can be supplied through a pipe with a condensate of the vapor of low-boiling components of the fuel produced in a device connected to the fuel tank.    USE - The product is an internal combustion engine with a fuel cell as current/voltage source (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Reformer systems for fuel cells normally use a primary alcohol (e.g. (m)ethanol) or hydrocarbon (e.g. methane, n-heptane or isooctane). The present system makes it possible to use the normal fuel as the source of fuel for rapid reforming.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic version of the system.    Fuel tank (1)    Supply pipe (2)    Pump (3)    Pressure pipe (4)    Internal combustion engine (5)    Recycling pipe (6)    Pressure-holding valve (7)    Branch from recycling pipe (8)    Heat exchanger (9)    Regulating valve (10)    Vapor separator (11)    Compressor (12)    Condenser (13)    Condensate tank (14)    Pipe for supplying condensate (15)    Reformer (17)    Valve-controlled blow off pipe (18)    Heat exchanger for cooling fuel (20)    Fuel cell (21)    Device producing condensate from vapor of low-boiling fuel constituents (24)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system (1) is designed connected with the compressed air system (6) of the vehicle across a supply line, in order to supply air oxygen to the fuel cell system (1). The fuel cell system (1) is connected with the air compressor of the compressed air system (6) driven by the combustion engine across a supply line. An intermediate storage (6) is provided for compressed air, which is connected at the supply line, for the air oxygen to be supplied to the fuel cell system (1).    USE - Electric supply in fuel cell system in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel cell system which provides more efficient current supply than hitherto with simultaneous saving of components and corresponding method as operated as effectively as possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 shows fuel cell system for electric supply in vehicle.    Fuel cell system (1)    Fuel cell arrangement (2)    Cooling unit (3)    Heat exchanger (4)    Hydrogen tank (5)    Compressed air system (6)    Water drain (11)
NOVELTY - Lead-acid accumulator has positive and negative electrodes divided by separators. A deep discharge indicator is visibly arranged in at least one cell and contains an optically detectable indicator material (1) in an electrolyte (6) -flooded hollow chamber which is stable and insoluble in a lead-acid accumulator under normal conditions but goes into solution when the accumulator is in a state of deep discharge.    USE - Used as a starter battery in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Non-destructive display of operating errors is guaranteed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partial section through the accumulator.    indicator material (1)    electrolyte (6)
NOVELTY - Water is electrolyzed at 1.56 Volts. Hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to a super-catalyst having a specific geometry, with multiple anodes and cathodes, at 20 atmospheres. On collision the energy levels of the atoms are increased, and on recovery surplus electrons are collected. Energy can be increased by 4 times. 25% of the energy is used for electrolysis and the remainder (300%) is available.    USE - For cars and private houses.    ADVANTAGE - High power.
NOVELTY - Porous film is formed from a polymer composition containing (a) a polymer having C=C double bonds in the main chain and a 5-10C aliphatic ring, and (b) another resin.    USE - The porous film is used as a separator used in batteries for electrical vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The films have good porosity, gas permeability and piercing strength, and have excellent latent heat resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for (A) the manufacture of a porous film by heat processing the porous film in the presence of oxygen; (B) a separator for a battery formed from the porous film; and (C) a battery using the separator.
(KR2000000333-A)   NOVELTY - Electrolyte composition for lead storage battery comprises (wt.%): 0.5 - 1.7 cobalt sulfate, 40 - 50 magnesium sulfate, 0.2 - 0.8 ammonium chloride, 15 - 25 aluminum chloride and 0.05 - 1.0 nicotinic acid to 100 parts distilled water.    USE - The electrolyte composition is used for a lead storage battery (claimed). Lead storage batteries are used for automobiles, emergency power supplies and standardization of electric storage.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte composition can maintain the performance of a lead storage battery at low temperature by enhancing the performance and life of the battery. The battery can be fully charged in a shorter period of time due to a greater current efficiency. The electrolyte composition extends the life of a storage battery by removing white-colored lead sulfate without corrosion at the electrode plates, which in turn may lead to recycling of waste storage batteries ruined by the lead sulfate.
NOVELTY - High voltage battery (2) supplies power to DC voltage reduction circuit (11), control circuit (12) and driver circuits (16a-16d). Low voltage output end of reduction circuit is connected to negative terminal of battery (2). Low voltage power supply end of driver circuit (16) which applies control voltage to switching transistors (14a-14f), is directly connected to negative terminal of battery.    USE - For electric vehicle, hybrid motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Actuates inverter circuit operation using simple circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of inverter system.    High voltage battery (2)    DC pressure reduction circuit (11)    Control circuit (12)    Switching transistors (14a-14d)    Driver circuits (16a-16d)
NOVELTY - A DC-DC converter (30) converts low voltage (VL) of auxiliary battery (14) into high voltage (VH). The power supply switching relay (34) supplies high voltage to the main power supply line (36), based on remaining capacity of main and auxiliary batteries (12,14) so that primary and secondary vehicle mounted electric equipment are supplied with required voltages.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Even when one power supply breaks down, required electrical energy is supplied to electric equipment by the other power supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of power supply control apparatus.    Batteries (12,14)    DC-DC converter (30)    Power supply switching relay (34)    Main power supply line (36)    Voltages (VL,VH)
NOVELTY - Full charge of battery is judged, when voltage variation rate in the area, larger than positive predetermined threshold value, reaches a peak value.    USE - For Ni-MH battery of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Provides the full charge judging system of battery, with high precision.
NOVELTY - The load fluctuation unit of wind power machine (1) is provided to increase the resistance with wind so as to reduce speed of vehicles (C). Wind power machine is electrically connected to the battery of vehicles.    USE - For electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reducing the speed of vehicles effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows profile drawing of vehicle mounting wind power machine.    Wind power machine (1)    Vehicles (C)
NOVELTY - An electric bulb (2) is enclosed by a transparent cover (1) so that the insertion or removal operation of seatbelt can be visualized. A switch (5) operates the bulb. A battery (4) supplying power to the bulb, is enclosed by battery cover (3) and is provided at backside of arrangement. The lighting arrangement is attached to the seatbelt with a frame.    USE - For vehicles such as car, bus etc.    ADVANTAGE - As lighting arrangement is attached to the seatbelt, the insertion or removal of belt is made easy in night or darkness. As a separate battery is provided, the vehicle's main battery is not used for the lighting arrangement. Attachment of a separate lamp is not required in the vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of lighting arrangement of seatbelt of motor vehicle.    Cover (1)    Electric bulb (2)    Battery cover (3)    Battery (4)    Switch (5)
NOVELTY - The voltage flowed through a overheating self cut-off type switch is compared with reference voltage, when passage of fixed load current. Based on the comparison result, current more than preset current flowing through the switch is judged, based on which the switch is turned OFF. Power supplied to load is cut-off, when the turn-off state of the switch is continued for preset time.    USE - Used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Attains weight reduction by decreasing diameter of wire harness and need of maintenance for re-drive is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The switch comprising serially connected FETs, is connected between load and power supply (13) . Another switch is also provided, which is parallel-connected between reference voltage circuit and ground through reference resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of DC-DC converter.    Power supply (13)
NOVELTY - Circuit breakers (5) are connected to wiring of battery (13) and sockets (3). A detector (15) detects voltage drop in battery, and is compared with predetermined value. A controller (33) disconnects the sockets by operating circuit breakers based on set priority, when the detected voltage level is below set limit.    USE - To monitor power supply of TV, refrigerator and other accessories in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Retains supply to low priority electrical equipment when battery voltage drops, thereby achieves operation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the power supply monitoring apparatus for motor vehicle.    Socket (3)    Circuit breaker (5)    Battery (13)    Detector (15)    Controller (33)
NOVELTY - Calculator (12) computes internal resistance based on detected battery voltage, current, depending on which, voltage, current, open circuit voltage (OCV) are computed and accordingly battery capacity is determined. Detected current is compared with set limits. If current is within limit estimated capacity is set as final capacity, else total capacity is corrected after predefined time.    USE - For monitoring charging and discharging of lithium ion battery mounted in hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since battery capacity is corrected precisely exact evaluation of battery capacity is done reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of controller.    Calculator (12)
NOVELTY - A controller regulates charging or discharging current so that the cell voltage becomes equal to target voltage. The control gain is changed depending on elapsed time of control and charging current is gradually reduced to zero so that battery voltage is set equal to target voltage of a sample battery.    USE - For charging or discharging of battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Control of charging and discharging current is done easily by provision of controller.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graphical representation of transition of voltage values of battery during charging time in battery evaluation apparatus.
NOVELTY - Sodium sulfur cell groups accommodated in the heat insulation container are electrically insulated. Positive exterior electrode terminal (7) and exterior negative electrode terminal (8) are connected to each of the sodium sulfur cell groups.    USE - Battery module for large scale electric power storage and supply system such as wind power and solar power electricity generation system. Also for use in motor vehicle and electric train.    ADVANTAGE - Rated capacity of battery module is utilized effectively by the provision of cell group with exterior terminals and hence continuous operation of battery is ensured. Cost and installation space are drastically reduced. Reduces increase in internal temperature. Thereby increases battery life span.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of module battery.    Exterior positive electrode terminal (7)    Exterior negative electrode terminal (8)
NOVELTY - Collector sheet (15) has holes (20) which are adjoined relevant to shape of equivalent triangle. Electrode group comprising anode and cathode are wound parallel to one side of triangular edges (15A-15C) of holes. The cathode lead is welded with battery jar through collector board or directly.    USE - For power assisted bicycle, electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Battery capacitance is increased, due to effective path aperture rate of collector sheet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the collector sheet.    Collector sheet (15)    Triangular edges (15A-15C)    Hole (20)
NOVELTY - A cellulose ester functioning as binder is used for cathode (3) of anode and cathode (1,3) of battery.    USE - In e.g. lithium ion batteries used as power supply for portable apparatus, electric vehicle etc.    ADVANTAGE - The charging and discharging cycle of electrolyte battery is improved by usage of cellulose ester as binder. Thereby attaining cost reduction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of lithium ion secondary battery.    Anode (1)    Cathode (3)
NOVELTY - A secondary battery has positive electrode terminal (305a) and negative electrode terminal (305b) joined together on the side edge of electrode plate (102). The width of the junction portion (C) of electrode terminals and electrode plate is more than that of electrode terminal.    USE - For electric bicycle and hybrid electric vehicle which uses secondary battery as power source.    ADVANTAGE - Connection strength of junction of electrode plate and electrode terminal is high due to its width. Also energy density stored by the battery is high. Since the width of the electrode terminal does not need to be extended and even if the electrode terminal is rectangular width of junction can be increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.    Electrode plate (102)    Positive electrode terminal (305a)    Negative electrode terminal (305b)
NOVELTY - The battery pack (1) has cells (2) arranged alternately with silicone rubber sheet (3) between them.    USE - For use as power supply for electric vehicle, satellite.    ADVANTAGE - Heat releasing property, shockproof and insulation properties of battery pack increases by lamination of cells using silicone rubber sheet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of battery pack.    Battery pack (1)    Cell (2)    Silicone rubber sheet (3)
NOVELTY - A protrusion (16) is integrally molded to a resin-made battery jar (1) at specific location where an electrode group (18) is to be inserted into the jar.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since protrusion is formed on both sides of the battery jar, damage caused to the battery jar, during insertion of electrode group, is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the lead storage battery manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the insertion method of electrode group into battery jar.    Battery jar (1)    Protrusion (16)    Electrode group (18)
NOVELTY - The abnormality signal is generated based on output value of a shock detector (31) that detects impact accident of vehicles. The supply of field fuel gas and oxidizing agent gas is stopped based on abnormality signal. The inert gas is purged in the fuel modifier and modifier is sealed by inert gas, based on abnormality signal.    USE - For fuel battery driven motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents danger caused by hydrogen gas leakage during impact accident by suspending fuel gas and air supply simultaneously. Facilitates safe storage of modifier by sealing inert gas in modifier. Avoids fire accident during vehicle accident by including water sprinkle or fire extinguisher.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The field fuel gas having mixture of liquid hydrocarbon, methanol, ethanol and gasoline is vaporized with oxidizing agent gas to form hydrogen such reformed gas in modifier,    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of safety device.    Shock detector (31)
NOVELTY - A trailer coupling for cars has a coupling rod (3) having for example a coupling ball which can be adjusted between a rest position and an operating position, plus a socket (plug connector) for the electrical connection of a vehicle trailer.    USE - For vehicular trailer towing.    ADVANTAGE - Not only the coupling rod but also the socket are well accessible in the operating position, yet are non- interfering in the rest position, e.g., not sticking out over the rear bumper.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - With the adjustment of the coupling rod, the socket can be also adjusted between a rest position and an operating position. The socket is fastened to a socket holder (4), e.g., a socket holder plate and this can be adjusted with the socket. The socket in the operating position is held so that the plug-in region for the plug runs in the travel direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the trailer coupling attached to the rear of the car.    coupling rod (3)    socket holder (4)
NOVELTY - The demonstration model is arranged so that the fuel cell (6) is mechanically connected with the electric motor (4). Also the motor drive shaft (3) is anchored in a carrier (1), in a rotation proof manner, to form the foot (1,2) of the demonstration model or a component part of this. The fuel cell is a preferably a methanol operating PEM fuel cell (6).    USE - For demonstrating the operation of a fuel cell using methanol and air oxygen for driving a fuel cell powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The demonstration model for the fuel cell represents a fuel cell as such. The model further represents its current production, without the wiring up of the components, such as the motor with a propeller, a lamp or similar. The model also indicates various uses of fuel cell technology.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of the demonstration model, and a side view of the model.    Square plate (1)    Feet (2)    Drive shaft (3)    Drive motor (4)    Plastic disc (5)    Fuel cell (6)    Electrode (7)    Endplates (9)    Diaphragm electrode unit (11)
A power supply system for an electrically driven, safety- relevant system (1,1') in a vehicle, in which the electrical power-consumer (2,24) of the safety-relevant system is supplied with power during normal operation via an on-board electrical network (9), and during damage or impairment to the on-board network function, at least partly via an emergency power supply based on fuel cells (11).    The fuel cell system (11) includes a fuel container (13), an oxidation agent container (14), a fuel cell (12) for energy generation on the basis of a chemical reaction between the fuel and oxidation agent, and a valve unit (15) with a fuel valve (18) for controlling the fuel supply and an oxidation agent valve (19) for controlling the supply of oxidation agent to the fuel cell (12).    USE -   Braking- or steering-system in motor vehicle especially automobiles.    ADVANTAGE -   Provides reliable electric back-up (emergency) supply of safety-relevant system.
NOVELTY - Reactor and/or heat exchanger has stacked plates forming media chambers between an upper and/or lower end plate (1). Thermal insulation is arranged between one end plate and its neighboring plate. At least one end plate has a low heat capacity.    USE - Used as a plate reactor for reforming hydrocarbons and also as a fuel cell in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus has good cold start properties.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view through the plate reactor apparatus.    End plate (1)    Rods (2)    Sleeves (3)    Base surface (4)    Through-hole (5)    Recesses (6, 7)
NOVELTY - The modified titanium-vanadium-zirconium-nickel-manganese-chromium electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy comprises a base alloy and at least one modifying element. The base alloy contains 0.1-60% titanium, 0.1-40% zirconium, 0.1-57% nickel, 5-22% manganese, and 0-56% chromium.    USE - The modified alloy is used in rechargeable alkaline cells which are useful in e.g., portable computers, video cameras, and cellular phones. Rechargeable alkaline cells can also be used as larger cells in industrial, aerospace, and electric vehicle applications.    ADVANTAGE - The modified storage alloy has an increased charge/discharge rate capability, a formation cycling requirement which is reduced to one tenth that of the base alloy, and an oxide surface layer having a higher electrochemical hydrogen storage catalytic activity than the base alloy. It does not require chemical/thermal activation of the modified alloy to attain full operating capacity as required by the base alloy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of casting an ingot of a modified titanium-vanadium-zirconium-nickel-manganese-chromium (Ti-V-Zr-Ni-Mn-Cr) electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy, which comprises, in atomic percentage, (base alloy)aCobFecAldSne, where the base alloy comprises 0.1-60% Ti, 0.1-40% Zr, 0-60%V, 0.1-57% Ni, 5-22% Mn, and 0-56% Cr.    b = 0.1-10%;    c = 0-3.5%;    d = 0.1-10%;    e = 0.1-3%; and    the sum of a,b, c, d and e is 100%.    The ingot thickness is limited to less than 5 in.
NOVELTY - A base frame attached to handle, has a pair of tubes, one within another, extending in cart travel direction. The inner tube is selectively extended and retracted relative to outer tube, between base frame operative and storage positions. The base frame supports batteries in the storage area at operative position. The storage area is collapsed in retracted position.    USE - In golf grounds for carrying golf accessories.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved motorized golf bag cart with four wheels which is extremely stable on slopping or uneven terrain. Golf bag cart is quickly and easily changeable between compact storage and transport configuration. Drive motor is linked to rear, drive axle via direct gear transmission to eliminate problems with drive belts or chains.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The motor attached to the base frame drives pair of wheels (71) attached to base frame. A pair of support wheels (35) with support axes are attached to base frame. The storage battery removably supported to base frame supplies electrical energy to motor. The base frame has a pair of pin receiving apertures in inner tube to receive locking and spring locking pin from outer tube. The pin has hollow tube which accommodates a pair of support axles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of motorized golf chart.    Support wheels (35)    Wheels (71)
NOVELTY - A nonaqueous lithium secondary battery uses a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material electrochemically absorbing and discharging lithium.    USE - The nonaqueous lithium secondary battery using the carbon-covered negative electrode is used in small, lightweight electrical devices, an electric car.    ADVANTAGE - The negative electrode material has high capacity charge and discharge compared with conventional negative electrode materials using a graphite-based electrode material and less deterioration in charge and discharge cycle compared with a conventional carbonaceous material/metal composite material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The negative electrode active material is formed by:    (1) mixing a metal compound (a) with a precursor (b) for a carbonaceous material;    (2) applying heat treatment to the resulting mixture, (c) covering the metal material derived from the metal compound (a) with the carbonaceous material derived from the precursor (b).    The metal compound (a) consists of an organic amino metal of Mx(-NR2)x. Where, M = metal; R = hydrocarbon residue; x = valence of metal M. The heat-treated carbonaceous material, a mixture of the metal compound (a) and the precursor (b) for the carbonaceous material has:    (1) spacing (d002) of (002) plane measured by X-ray wide angle diffraction of 3.38 angstroms or more;    (2) a size of crystallite in the c axial direction of 100 Angstrom or less.
NOVELTY - A fuel for fuel batteries is manufactured by hydrating raw material gas containing hydrocarbon and a portion of sulfur and decomposing the hydrate formed.    USE - For fuel batteries used in motor vehicle especially for cooling air-conditioning unit in car.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel is efficiently used for fuel batteries. The fuel contains lower percentage of sulfur.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) fuel for fuel batteries; (ii) fuel battery which uses fuel for its operation; (iii) motor vehicle using fuel battery as a sources of electric power.
NOVELTY - A raw material which undergoes a heat reaction process for obtaining cathode material, consists of pitch, hydrogen and carbon whose atomic ratio ranges between 0.35-0.005. The cathode material has specific surface area of above 50 m2/g or less.    USE - For non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery e.g. lithium secondary battery used in domestic application, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the raw material used for constructing the negative electrode is very cheap and is doped with lot of lithium, efficiency is improved and cost reduction is achieved.
NOVELTY - The capacitor module casing (20) has one mechanical connectors on each of two opposite sides. One is a plug- (22) and the other is a socket- (24) type of connector. Further capacitor casings may be joined to the first using these connectors, which in a preferred form are seen to have male and female dovetailing cross sections.    USE - To make a capacitor module for a car audio system.    ADVANTAGE - These are reservoir capacitors, supplying peak audio power more readily than car battery and wiring system can. They help reproduce bass of highest quality and loudness, to please the ear. The mechanical connections described, form a particularly simple means of building up large electrical capacities using modular units.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A perspective view shows two modules, end caps and electrical connecting straps.    condenser module casing (20)    plug type connector (22)    socket type connector (24)
NOVELTY - The vehicle has an electrical drive system and a rechargeable battery block (5), a drive system control unit (8) and a battery block data memory (10). The drive system can be connected to the battery block so that the data in the data memory can be read by the control unit and the data memory can be written to by control unit signals. The drive system and battery block can be connected together with a single coupling plug connector.    USE - E.g. a fork lift truck or storage equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Has a system for monitoring the state parameters of the battery block that can be manufactured at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a low lift truck    rechargeable battery block (5)    drive system control unit (8)    battery block data memory (10)
NOVELTY - The vehicle (10) has a fuel cell as its power source with a fuel tank (1), fuel reformer (2), fuel cell (3) and an electrical energy storage device (7) arranged in series in the longitudinal vehicle direction below the floor of the vehicle. A distributor is arranged in parallel with the storage device when viewed in the transverse direction    USE - Fuel cell powered electric vehicle for four to five or more persons.    ADVANTAGE - Enables an efficient arrangement of fuel cell components to be achieved without constricting the passenger or load space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic plan view representation of a vehicle showing the fuel cell component layout    vehicle (10)    fuel tank (1)    fuel reformer (2)    fuel cell (3)    electrical energy storage device (7)
NOVELTY - A control circuit includes a comparator (CMP1) which collates the voltage on the terminal of a first FET (QA) with the voltage on the terminal of a second FET (QB). A drive circuit (111) feeds a control voltage to the control terminals of the FETs according to the output of the comparator.    USE - For e.g. fuel gauge of fuel tank.    ADVANTAGE - Can be easily and cost effectively integrated since need for direct connection of shunt resistor to power supply path is made unnecessary.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a power supply control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of power supply control unit.    Drive circuit (111)    Comparator (CMP1)    First FET (QA)    Second FET (QB)
NOVELTY - Switches (S1-S9) in battery-banks selectively dispose none or several battery cells of the battery-banks in a series relationship for providing step voltages ranging from zero to maximum voltage attainable from all series connected battery cells electrically connected to load.    USE - For obtaining incremental variable voltage from switchable configurations of banks of battery cells for battery-powered device such as electric vehicle drive for regenerative braking.    ADVANTAGE - When voltage is applied to electric vehicle drives, load on the batteries get automatically distributed in the cells during normal driving cycle of the vehicle. More number of batteries can be configured to increase number of voltage levels available and number of incremental steps. Optimizes utilization of each and every cell in battery-banks of cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each of the battery-banks have battery cells electrically interconnected with the switches. The battery-banks are related to switch by formula S= 3x(B-1), where S represents switches, B represents battery-banks, where B is greater than 1 battery-bank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the switched battery-bank.    Switches (S1-S9)
NOVELTY - A battery that supplies electric power to a motor (10), is surrounded by a case (3). The case is attached to both sides of the frame (1).    USE - Electric bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the battery is distributed at the upper side of frame, hindrance during boarding and alighting of the bicycle is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of the electric bicycle.    Frame (1)    Case (3)    Motor (10)
NOVELTY - The battery has inner side cell case (9) to which a hob (21) is mounted. Positive and negative poles of direct cells (7) are connected and distributed along longitudinal direction at series of multiple rows. After providing the partition (19a), the whole battery is surrounded by outer side cell case (11) in which cooling wind flows inside.    USE - Battery for hybrid vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Wiring is reduced considerably and reduction in internal resistance is achieved. Efficient cooling is performed, since the flow of cooling wind which crosses a cell is secured. A cell controller is efficiently arranged in distribution space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of battery for vehicles.    Cell (7)    Inner side cell case (9)    Outside cell case (11)    Partition (19a)    Mounting hob (21)
NOVELTY - The battery is charged periodically corresponding to predetermined total discharge quantity.    USE - For use in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - As the charging is performed periodically corresponding to predetermined total discharge quantity, efficiency of battery is improved without reducing battery capacity.
NOVELTY - A voltage monitor (5) monitors the output voltage of the battery (1). When the monitored voltage value is more than the preset value, control unit (3) reduces the output voltage of the battery. Then, the reduced voltage is supplied to the load.    USE - For voltage supply for emergency report system mounted in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Stable voltage is supplied to the load irrespective of the surrounding temperature change.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for voltage supply method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the voltage supply apparatus.    Battery (1)    Control unit (3)    Voltage monitor (5)
NOVELTY - The ventilation device uses an electrically-operated ventilator fan (3,5) incorporated in the automobile passenger seat (2,3), which is supplied with electrical energy via a solar cell device (8), mounted on the outside of the vehicle (1). The operation of the ventilation fan can be controlled by a regulator (7) between the solar cell device and the ventilation fan, in dependence on the detected temperature of the seat squab (4) and/or the backrest (6) of the passenger seat.    USE - The ventilation device is used for increasing passenger comfort of an automobile passenger seat.    ADVANTAGE - The device is operated without draining the vehicle battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of a automobile provided with a ventilation device for the passenger seats.    Vehicle (1)    Passenger seats (2,3)    Ventilator fan (3,5)    Seat squab (4)    Seat backrest (6)    Regulator (7)    Solar cell device (8)
NOVELTY - Electrochemical capacitor consists of a single cell or a stack of single cells. Each cell comprises an electrode (8), a counter electrode (9) and an electrolyte (6) that moistens the electrodes. The electrodes are formed of an electrically conducting or semiconducting nano-structured film. Nano-structured discrete needle-like elements are anchored to one surface.    USE - Used as a double layer capacitor or super capacitor for storing energy in electrotraction and in telecommunications.    ADVANTAGE - The capacitor has improved performance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through a single cell.    electrolyte (6)    electrode (8)    counter electrode (9)
NOVELTY - The vehicle capable of running forward against the wind is mainly formed of wing-changeable wind-force propeller, revolution shaft, bearing, bearing sleeve, cone gear group and wind wing, etc., and the wing-changeable wind-force propeller is formed by using revolution shaft to connecting cone gear group, rear shaft, rear wheels, front wheels and vehicle body, and can automatically change angle of wind wing, and can convert the push force of wind force to wing surface into the rotation, so that it can maximally convert the wind energy coming from all directions into mechanical energy or electric energy to drive said vehicle run forward, and can greatly save energy and prevent pollution.
NOVELTY - Electric vehicle comprises a continuous liquid supply centrifugal separator for delivering hydrogen and oxygen separately by rotating at high speed water continuously fed into the separator; a fuel cell for generating electromotive force using hydrogen as anode active material and oxygen as cathode active material; an electric motor rotated by the electromotive force; a storage battery; a multilayer capacitor; and a 'curasuta' decomposition device for water molecules having magnetics of 60 MGs or more supported in opposite phase distribution. Water passes through the decomposition device and into the separator. The vehicle is driven by the electric motor and power produced when the vehicle is driven is charged into the storage battery and capacitor.    USE - Electrical vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Large quantities of hydrogen and oxygen are produced from water in a short time for use as fuel thus providing a practical electrical vehicle that can be driven for extended periods of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the power supply system    liquid supply centrifugal separator (1)    fuel cell (2)    electric motor (3)    storage battery (4)    curasuta decomposition device (6)    multilayer capacitor (16)
NOVELTY - An assembly comprises a bipolar plate having a graphite portion, cloth portion, and gasket (11) that aids in attaching the cloth into the graphite.    USE - The assembly is used in fuel cell, fuel stack, or battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The cell stacking density of ionomer membrane fuels is increased. The graphite plate and gaskets prevent cross mixing of the reactant gases in the cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a gasket comprising a rigid main body, port channels (16, 17, 18, 19), and compressible material positioned on the gasket main body;    (b) a fuel cell comprising the assembly;    (c) a fuel stack comprising the assembly;    (d) a battery comprising the assembly; and    (e) a method for preventing gas cross-mixing in a fuel cell comprising providing a bipolar plate that defines one or more manifolds (12, 13, 14, 15) for gas flow; and overlaying a gasket on the bipolar plate. The gasket defines manifolds for gas flow and it further comprises a compressible portion that seals the gasket to the plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates a top plan view of the port channel side of a four slot gasket.    Gasket (11)    Manifolds (12, 13, 14, 15)    Port channels (16, 17, 18, 19)
NOVELTY - Secondary battery (BT1) (300) which is charged through diode from a solar battery (SB1) (200) via a flashing circuit (400) and LEDs (500) are mounted on a board fixed to the wheel. Power to light emitting diodes is supplied from secondary battery, and LED blinks with specific duty ratio.    USE - For motor vehicle and wheel chair.    ADVANTAGE - Battery exchange is eliminated by the provision of secondary battery charged by solar battery. Thereby maintenance of battery is reduced. Power consumption of LED is low due to specific duty ratio. Size of solar battery is also made small.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial cross-sectional view of wheel starter.    Solar battery (200)    Secondary battery (300)    Flashing circuit (400)    LEDs (500)
NOVELTY - A signal generator (42) outputs a polarity compensation signal corresponding to the polarity of load current detected by detector (18). The compensation signal is added to the command for PWM control based on which gate pulse is generated and supplied as variable power supply to transistors (11,13) of chopper (10).    USE - For simulator of battery used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since polarity compensation signal is added to PWM control command value, error is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A chopper (10) has two transistors serially connected between power supply lines. A detector detects the current supplied from chopper circuit to load. A PWM control command is generated based on the difference between detected load current and predefined value. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery simulator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of chopper type power supply.    Chopper (10)    Transistors (11,13)    Detector (18)    Signal generator (42)
NOVELTY - An arithmetic processing unit calculates present charging and discharging capacity of battery, based on the relationship of measured capacity with the preset one. An error judging unit judges whether total error of charging and discharging calculator is more than preset threshold value. If exceeds, the full charge request output unit outputs full charge request signal.    USE - For calculating remnant capacity of battery in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The system aids in reducing calculation error of battery remnant capacity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of battery capacity calculating system.
NOVELTY - External intercooling flow paths (16) are formed perpendicularly crossing each other in the battery module (12) received in a case (10) and a pressure pool (20) is formed on the under surface of the case. Cooling wind from the pressure pool is introduced in the cooling wind introduction opening (17) for circulating the cooling wind on the external intercooling flow paths in the battery module.    USE - For cooling storage battery unit in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to cool the storage battery module in the case efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially broken perspective view of the storage battery unit.    Case (10)    Battery module (12)    External inter cooling flow path (16)    Introduction opening (17)    Pressure pool (20)
NOVELTY - An execution unit stops charging and discharging operations, when charging and discharging operation of battery (11) is detected. When abnormality occurs in the execution unit, the charging and discharging operations are stopped by interrupting a relay in electric current path.    USE - For electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since charging and discharging operations are stopped during abnormality in battery, the abrasion of relay contact of electric current supply line is restrained to minimum extent, reliably, hence calamity occurrence due to heavy current is prevented, easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of battery charging and discharging apparatus.    Battery (11)
NOVELTY - A liquid chamber (62) containing silicon oil (64), and pressure applicator (66) are respectively attached to outer sides (58a,60a) of end plate (58). The pressure applicator presses the fuel battery cell (14) against the end plate. An internal pressure adjuster (67) which adjusts the internal pressure of the chamber, is connected to the chamber.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Uniform bearing is reliably provided in the cell through the liquid sealed in the chamber, as internal pressure is adjusted by pressure adjuster. Reduces size and weight of the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of fuel battery with tightening structure.    Fuel battery cell (14)    End plate (58)    Outer sides (58a,60a)    Liquid chamber (62)    Silicon oil (64)    Pressure applicator (66)    Internal pressure adjuster (67)
NOVELTY - A positive electrode collector (7) and negative electrode collector (8) contain rectangular or disk shaped flat plate. Several clippings are radially formed in the flat plate at regular intervals. A downward rib-like protrusion piece is integrally formed on edge of each clipping so that electrode group (5) is formed spirally.    USE - E.g. nickel-cadmium storage battery, nickel hydrogen storage battery for portable telephone, notebook personal computer, electric vehicle, bicycle with auxiliary power.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the presence of electrode group, output characteristic of the battery which supplies heavy current, becomes excellent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the position relationship of the positive electrode collector and negative electrode collector.    Electrode group (5)    Positive electrode collector (7)    Negative electrode collector (8)
NOVELTY - Air compressor (7) and hydrogen circulating pump (6A) respectively supply compressed air and hydrogen gas to fuel battery (1) which is cooled by water from water circulating pump (4A). The compressed air drive type water and hydrogen circulating pumps (4A,6A) are arranged, so that driving of pumps is performed by the compressed air from the air compressor (7).    USE - Used as power source of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since hydrogen and water supply pumps are driven by compressed air from air compressor, power supply is not needed for driving, thus reducing cost. Since hydrogen and water supply pumps are of compressed air drive type, electric spark is not generated, thus avoiding danger of firing by hydrogen gas. Thus, safety is improved and explosion-proof structure is not needed for hydrogen circulating pump. Usage efficiency of compressed air is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel battery system.    Fuel battery (1)    Water circulating pump (4A)    Hydrogen circulating pump (6A)    Air compressor (7)
NOVELTY - An analog linearity function is computed based on sampled values of detected voltage and current of battery. A correlation coefficient is computed based on detected voltage and current and when it is less than negative reference standard value, remaining capacity of battery is computed. The remaining capacity is computed based on voltage corresponding to reference current and analog linearity function.    USE - For measuring remaining capacity of battery such as lead battery, nickel hydrogen battery of electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since remaining capacity calculation is always performed with optimum number of sampled values, remaining capacity is computed exactly with cheap apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for battery remaining capacity measurement apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of battery remaining capacity measuring apparatus.
NOVELTY - A correction unit (60) corrects amount of remaining charge in battery to preset value when output voltage from detector (40) exceeds threshold value calculated by calculation unit (56). A judging unit (63) judges deterioration of battery if total integrating value from integrating unit (54) is less than preset value.    USE - For use in electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The detection accuracy is improved since the deterioration decision is forbidden when charging and discharging electric current is large and when measurement time is long. Hence incorrect detection is also prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electric current detector (40) detects output electric current and regenerative electric current of a battery. A voltage detector (44) detects output voltage of battery. An integrating unit (54) calculates amount of remaining charge of battery based on electric current detector output. A threshold value calculation unit (56) calculates the threshold voltage value based on detection result of detector (40). A comparator (58) compares in threshold value and output voltage of detector (40). The output of current detector is integrated by the integrator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of battery deterioration decision apparatus.    Detector (40)    Voltage detector (44)    Integrating unit (54)    Calculation unit (56)    Comparator (58)    Correction unit (60)    Judging unit (63)
NOVELTY - The vehicle has a drive motor (1) mounted on a frame (6) in the vehicle via a vibration absorbing bearing (3-5), an air compressor (10) and an air compressor motor (11) mounted on the drive motor. The bearing is positioned to form a common bearing that absorbs vibrations of the drive motor, air compressor and air compressor motor.    USE - Vehicle with fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Vibrations in the vehicle are limited without using a bearing element exclusively for the air compressor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional perspective exploded block diagram representation of a    drive motor (1)    frame (6)    bearing elements (3-5)    air compressor (10)    air compressor motor (11)
NOVELTY - The outlet for power supply output (1) is provided with a shutter (10) that can be slid between a switching position and usual position to open and close the mains power supply opening of the outlet. An openable lid (20) is mounted to cover the outlet for mains power supply input (6). An interlock slides the shutter to the switching position when the lid is opened wide.    USE - For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents mistaking of opening for inverter and opening for external energizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lid is closed at usual position. The interlock consists of a following lever (11), a drive lever (21) and a cam board (25). The mains power supply apparatus has an inverter which generates a source voltage, equivalent to a mains power supply, from a battery. The inverter supplies electric power to the outlet for power supply output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective diagram showing the components of the power supply box of the mains power supply apparatus.    Outlet for power supply output (1)    Outlet for mains power supply input (6)    Shutter (10)    Following lever (11)    Lid (20)    Drive lever (21)    Cam board (25)
NOVELTY - A back-up capacitor (14) supplies electric power to a predetermined load. A discharge resistor (16) discharges the electrostatic capacitance stored in the back-up capacitor. A central processing unit (20) controls a switch transistor (18) which performs switching of electric supply.    USE - For airbag apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies set-up of back-up power supply circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit of the back-up power supply circuit.    Back-up capacitor (14)    Discharge resistor (16)    Switch transistor (18)    Central processing unit (20)
NOVELTY - An explosion proof filter (5) supported by internal circumference of liquid opening support (1), allows lifting movement of indicator (3). A rod-shaped support (3b) of indicator displaying liquid level in battery jar is elevated to close hole (4) of jar lid. Support position of filter is below elevation range of support (3b), forming an exhaust port (6) between lower end and support position of filter.    USE - Liquid opening stopper with indicator for storage battery.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of indicator enables exact liquid level confirmation. The explosion proof filter not only confirms the explosion proof junction of the battery, but also makes the elevation movement of indicator, convenient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional chart of indicator in elevated state.    Liquid opening support (1)    Indicator (3)    Rod-shaped support (3b)    Hole (4)    Explosion proof filter (5)    Exhaust port (6)
NOVELTY - A remaining capacity measuring apparatus (23) samples current I and voltage V from a current sensor (4) and a voltage sensor (5) respectively, provided in a high-voltage battery (3) included in a high voltage portion (2) every 1 millisecond. Then, it investigates voltage-current characteristic based on a current value and a voltage value during an interval in which discharge current I is, e.g. less than 10A in order to obtain a remaining capacity.    USE - For measuring a remaining capacity of a battery provided in a hybrid car in which recharge and discharge to the battery are repeated frequently at a high accuracy.    ADVANTAGE - When the characteristic of a load changes, the remaining capacity of the battery can be measured accurately.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high voltage battery supplies electric power to the hybrid mechanism portion (31) for assisting travelling of a vehicle by means of the battery or is recharged with electric power sent from the hybrid mechanism portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic structure diagram of a battery controller and its peripherals of a hybrid car.    High-voltage portion (2)    High-voltage battery (3)    Current sensor (4)    Voltage sensor (5)    Remaining capacity measuring apparatus (23)
NOVELTY - Current and voltage values of a battery connected to the hybrid mechanism are sampled every millisecond. The average signal values are calculated for every set of eight data pairs and voltage-current plot is prepared. A correlation between current and voltage is calculated based on the collected data. When a strong negative correlation is found an approximate linear relationship is plotted. By substituting a predetermined current value in the plot a voltage value is defined and the remaining current capacity is established.    USE - Measuring apparatus is used in hybrid electric cars.    ADVANTAGE - Remaining battery capacity determination accuracy is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows a schematic structure diagram of a battery controller and peripherals.    Current sensor (4)    Voltage sensor (5)    Battery (3)    Hybrid mechanism. (31)
NOVELTY - The protection layer (16), preferably of frosted glass or tempered or printed disc with sufficient transparency, is so structured as to contribute for the aesthetic impression for the side, facing the light impingement, of the cells (12). The protection layer surface provides homogenizing of the overall impression of this side. The transparency of the frosted glass, or printed etc. disc is sufficient for current generation relevant spectral range. Typically the protected layer is a glass pane and the cells are of polycrystalline or amorphous material.    USE - For solar cell installation incorporated in a car body structure.    ADVANTAGE - Good aesthetic impression even with low-cost solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section of the solar generator.    solar cells (12)    protective layer (16)
NOVELTY - The cooling system of the hermetically sealed engine has an upper (31) and lower (24) coolant chambers. The coolant liquid is based on glycol and has a saturation temperature higher than that of water. The liquid is circulated by a pump (42) so that it vaporizes in the engine and condenses in a radiator (54). The overflow liquid and gases are received in a sealed accumulator (78) coupled to a low pressure area of the two chambers (24,31). The accumulator has a liquid free space for receiving the gases and may be of varied volume to maintain the pressure within a predetermined limit.    USE - To prevent oxidation of the coolant and introduction of water vapor.    ADVANTAGE - Operates at relatively low static pressures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of heat transfer in an engine cooling system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A diagram of the engine cooling system.    Coolant chambers (24,31)    Pump (42)    Radiator (54)    Accumulator (78)
NOVELTY - Positive grids (18) are made by casting calcium-tin-silver lead-based alloy into a strip with a thickness greater than the desired grid thickness; rolling the strip to the desired thickness while maintaining its temperature from at least the solvus temperature up to less than the peritectic temperature of the alloy; quenching rolled-strip; and fabricating positive grids from rolled strip.    USE - The method is used in making positive grids for automotive-type lead-acid batteries. The lead-acid batteries are useful in load leveling, emergency lighting in commercial buildings, as standby power for cable television systems, and in uninterruptible power supplies used to back up electronic equipment, e.g. telecommunication or computer system, and even as back up energy source for entire manufacturing plants. They are also used as power source in electrical vehicles and forklift trucks.    ADVANTAGE - The invention controls the rolling of the billet to provide positive grids made from calcium-tin-silver lead based alloys which have highly beneficial properties. The grid has enhanced mechanical properties and high temperature corrosion resistance so that the grid thickness and weight can be reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a lead-acid battery (10) comprising positive and negative plates and a separator positioned between the plates. The positive plates have the grid produced above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the battery.    Battery (10)    Positive grids (18)
NOVELTY - A vehicle comprises an exterior covering defining, at least in part, an outermost surface of the vehicle formed at least partially of an energy generating skin. The exterior covering encompasses a fuel that reacts with oxygen in an electrochemical process to generate electrical power used by the vehicle.    USE - As a vehicle, e.g. a land-based, water-based e.g. ship, or an aircraft vehicle e.g. airplane.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell serves double duty, i.e. as the outer covering of the vehicle and as a means for generating electrical energy. The parasitic weight of the power source of a lighter than air ship or a conventional aircraft is largely eliminated by the use of the energy generating skin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The energy generating skin is a hydrogen oxygen fuel cell fueled on one side by the hydrogen gas and on the other side by oxygen from ambient air.
NOVELTY - An emergency-use battery connector (104), provided in a motor vehicle (100) mounting a switchboard unit (101), connects to an emergency-use battery through a switchboard (103). The switchboard connects the electric-supply wiring from the emergency-use battery connector to an auxiliary power supply when the emergency-use battery connects to the emergency-use battery connector.    USE - For e.g. motor vehicle, electric train.    ADVANTAGE - Enables immediate connection of emergency-use battery and starting of auxiliary power supply when battery of vehicle or train performs an emergency stop due to over discharge, hence shortening work hours until vehicle or train resets to an unaided run. Enables simple and inexpensive storage of emergency-use battery since it is movable, hence reducing burden of worker carrying emergency-use battery. Improves reliability of emergency-use battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an emergency-use battery for vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the component diagram of switchboard unit of emergency-use battery connection in motor vehicle.    Motor vehicle (100)    Switchboard unit (101)    Switchboard (103)    Emergency-use battery connector (104)
NOVELTY - The mounting device consists of a pair of caps (12) for terminals fixed to the upper surface of battery case (10) by a set of bolts. The caps are formed with inclined projected arms (12d) and inner side end boards (12a), to which the ends of the haulage belt (17) are detachedly mounted.    USE - For hauling vehicle mounted batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Haulage of vehicle mounted batteries is made easily and safely through belt.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of cap for terminals.    Battery case (10)    Cap (12)    Inner side end board (12a)    Projected arm (12d)
NOVELTY - A charger (15) allows a vehicle mounted battery (11) to charge a vehicle mounted storage battery (16) which is used as a power supply to drive a load apparatus e.g. air cleaner (17) when an ignition switch (12) is turned OFF. A controlling circuit (13) uses the vehicle mounted battery as the power supply when the ignition switch is turned ON.    USE - For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Allows request time drive of load apparatus even if ignition switch is turned OFF. Shortens charging time of vehicle mounted storage battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the vehicle mounted power supply.    Vehicle mounted battery (11)    Ignition switch (12)    Controlling circuit (13)    Charger (15)    Vehicle mounted storage battery (16)    Air cleaner (17)
NOVELTY - The voltage adjusting device has a logic circuit (67) that stops the discharge of a unit cell (21(1)-21(4)) in a group battery (38) in response to the output of a comparator (62) when the ambient temperature detected by a thermistor (61) is less than the predetermined temperature.    USE - For group battery used in hybrid electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents overdischarge and overcharge of each cell included in the group battery. Ensures efficient distribution of terminal voltage in group battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The group battery comprises of serially connected unit cells. A partial pressure circuit (40'), which serially connects several resistors (23a,24a,25a,39), performs the partial pressure of the terminal voltage of the group battery. The switch (35) of a discharge circuit turns ON the terminal voltage based on the output signal of either comparator (27H,41L) for the automatic discharge of the group battery by the logic circuit to make the terminal voltage of all unit cells equal. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) the voltage adjustment of the group battery;    (b) and the group battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a circuit diagram of the voltage adjusting device.    -21(4)) Unit cell (21(1)    Resistors (23a,24a,25a,39)    Comparator (27H,41L)    Switch (35)    Group battery (38)    Partial pressure circuit (40')    Thermistor (61)    Comparator (62)    Logic circuit (67)
NOVELTY - Stand (1) has bottom plate (7) fixed on loading platform of vehicle. The stand has transparent boards (2) between which advertising object is provided and rotated by wind force using wind vanes (6). Boards are illuminated inside and outside by lamps (3) and audio equipment is arranged internally. The rotation of the stand is stopped using stopper. A battery provides power supply to lamps, audio equipment.    USE - For advertisement in two, three and four wheeled vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The advertisement stand is energy conserving, since it uses only wind power. During vehicle movement, the rotation is stopped thereby providing safety to the stand.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of triangular shaped advertisement stand.    Stand (1)    Transparent boards (2)    Lamps (3)    Vanes (6)    Bottom plate (7)
NOVELTY - In a fuel cell power generation system (1), pure hydrogen discharged from a hydrogen reservoir (2) is supplied, without being humidified, to a fuel cell (4) equipped with a heat resistant polymer membrane which functions as a medium for conducting protons. The fuel cell is operated by setting the upper limit of the operating temperature to 200degreesC.    USE - The fuel cell power generation system is used in an automobile (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The polymer membrane containing phosphoric acid has a high heat resistance, can sufficiently withstand increases in temperature and has the ability to retain water. As a result, the operation temperature of the fuel cell and the water content do not need to be strictly controlled. The structure of the system is simplified and its weight is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a fuel cell power generation system.    Fuel cell power generation system (1)    Hydrogen reservoir (2)    Air supply device (3)    Fuel cell (4)    Electromotor device (5)
NOVELTY - The state of the power supplied by power supply outlets (A1 - Am) is monitored. When an overcurrent condition is detected and exceeds a preset time a command is sent to the cut-off device to interrupt the current. When an idle-up command circuit detects an increase in a supplied current, an idle-up command is issued.    USE - Vehicle battery protection system.    ADVANTAGE - Protects the battery from overcurrents and excessive consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The monitor employs a cut-of device (11), current detectors (B1 -Bm) and overcurrent detectors (C1 - Cm). The cut-off device is a relay in the supply from the battery (1) and is controlled by a drive circuit (17).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the vehicle power supply monitoring appts.    Battery (1)    Cut-off relay (11)    Drive circuit (17)    Power supply outlets (A1 - Am)    Current detectors (B1 - Bm)    Overcurrent detectors (C1 - Cm)
NOVELTY - The magnetic-inductive arrangement is designed so that in copper varnished wire coil (7) with a coil core (8), which are connected with a soft iron beaker (5) and soft iron poles (9) for power augmentation. Such a large current is induced, if the rotor with an air gap, moves past from 2 Km/h the stator with disc permanent magnets (2), illuminates the several LEDs, which are integrated in the wheel or the roller. The LEDs can be arranged anti-parallel to provide a blinking effect.    USE - Illuminating small vehicles e.g. prams, push chairs, three-wheelers, scooters and similar.    ADVANTAGE - Illumination for bicycles and scooters which manages without batteries and at 2 km per hour has such a high efficiency, that several LEDs can be operated, therefore an insignificant energy expenditure is required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 shows a section through a wheel e.g. of a bicycle.    Disc permanent magnets (2)    Soft iron beaker (5)    Coil body (6)    Coil (7)    Core (8)    Soft iron poles (9)    LEDs (10)
NOVELTY - The car is propelled by an electric motor (6) supplied by batteries (15). Set into the bonnet (12) of the car (1) is a turbine assembly (3). Air from the aperture (10) at the front of the car flows past the turbine and over the windscreen (14). The turbine is linked by a belt drive to an auxiliary alternator (17). The alternator output is rectified and used to recharge the vehicle batteries (15).    USE - Accessory for battery driven car    ADVANTAGE - uses energy which would otherwise be wasted    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the system.    car (1)    motor system (2)    energy convertor (3)    air flow (4)    electrical motor (6)    opening (10)    channel (11)    bonnet (12)    aperture (13)    windscreen (14)    batteries (15)    control circuit (16)    alternator (17)
NOVELTY - Conditioning comprises introducing a gasification product of a biogenic solid to a treatment stage; precipitating out the solids contained in the product in the treatment stage; mixing condensable proportions of the gasification product with a liquid phase; biologically purifying the precipitated out solids and the contaminated liquid phase; and burning the purified gas.    USE - Used for treating waste, especially of biogenic solids such as clarified sludge, used wood and bio-waste.    ADVANTAGE - A high calorific gas mixture is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The gasification product of the biogenic solid is introduced into at least one biological treatment stage, followed by purification of the gasification product in the biological treatment stage and burning of the purified gas.
NOVELTY - Molasses spent wash or water/soil contaminated with molasses spent wash is decolorized and detoxified by: (a) growing Flavodon flavus in a nutrient medium containing assimilable carbon and nitrogen source, with salinity of 0-15 parts per thousand for at least 4 days; (b) contacting the biomass with the molasses spent wash for a minimum of 2-6 days; and (c) removing the fungal biomass.    USE - The method is used for decolorizing and detoxifying MSW and water/soil contaminated with MSW, e.g. for degrading melanoidin pigments in distillery wastewater (claimed), and removing phenols.    ADVANTAGE - The total phenolics in the MSW are reduced by 50 % at the sixth day of treatment. The treated spent wash has no toxicity to estuarine fish. The damage-causing factor of the MSW is reduced by 98 %. The serum sorbitol dehydrogenase activity of the MSW is reduced to 2.6 units/ ml serum (all claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Molasses spent wash (MSW) or water/soil contaminated with MSW is decolorized and detoxified by using white-rot lignin modifying fungus strain Flavodon flavus deposited at the National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India, bearing accession No. NIOCC 312, and at ARS Patent collection (NRRL), USDA, Illinois, USA, bearing accession No. 30302. The method includes growing the strain in a nutrient medium containing assimilable carbon and nitrogen source, with salinity of 0-15 parts per thousand for at least 4 days. The biomass is contacted with the MSW for a minimum of 2-6 days. The fungal biomass is removed to get the MSW devoid of color and toxicity.
NOVELTY - Drying of organic refuse, comprising adding heat-resistant amylolytic enzyme to organic refuse, and heating while stirring the mixture, is new.    USE - For processing organic refuse, such as waste material ejected from treatment industries, and domestic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient drying of organic refuse, with excellent reduction of volume and weight of organic refuse, within a short period. Handling of the treated organic refuse is easy, with effectively reduced environmental pollution/problems. The processed organic refuse is easily ejected as dry organic refuse, without fixing to the treatment tank wall surface and the stirring blade of organic refuse processing machine. The method effectively prevents generation of undesirable odor peculiar to organic refuse, and also does not generate waste water having high biological oxygen demand.
NOVELTY - Organic waste is pretreated in a mixer (16) and supplied to a fermenter (18). Gas liberated during the fermentation is collected in a condenser (26). A pump (32) lifts condensate discharged from the condenser to the mixer.    USE - The processing system is used to treat organic waste, e.g., municipal waste sludge and drainage treatment sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Compact apparatus is realized by carrying out moisture control and inoculation of fungi in a mixer using condensate of fermentation gas. Addition of alkaline condensate and pH adjustment in the mixer restrains souring and promotes fermentation. Load and deodorant installation is reduced by deodorizing the organic waste using condensate. Reduction in discharge of drain facilities using a compact drainage processing facility of low installation cost without excessively loading of environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic arrangement of fermentation processing system. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Mixer (16)    Fermenter (18)    Condenser (26)    Pump (32)
NOVELTY - An organic waste process material comprising an activity catalyst containing basic magnesium compound, and a process base material, where the magnesium compound is magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide and the catalyst is a natural mineral of dolomite, magnesite, hydrotalcite, blue stone, peridotite, magnesia peridotite or serpentine, is new.    USE - To process organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Organic waste is effectively and stably processed at high decomposition rate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste processing method.
NOVELTY - The method involves passing an odor gas (1) containing hydrogen sulfide through a circulation water and a packed bed (4) filled with a filler. The packed bed or circulating water (8) is controlled in a strongly acidic region.    USE - For processing odor gas containing hydrogen sulfide generated from sewage works and human waste processing field.    ADVANTAGE - Removal of hydrogen sulfide is performed stably, even when the fluctuation of hydrogen sulfide load is large. Quantity of replenishment water is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of the bio-deodorizing apparatus.    Odor gas (1)    Packed bed (4)    Circulating water (8)    Make-up water (10)
NOVELTY - The modifier has a combustion unit (11) and a modification unit (12) formed by thin plates (1) individually having combustion catalyst (1a) and modification catalyst (1b). A spacer (2) is provided between the adjacent thin plates to form gas passage.    USE - In fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents leakage by the spacer provided between the thin plates. Increases thermal efficiency by use of thin plate with combustion catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline diagram of methanol modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Thin plate (1)    Combustion catalyst (1a)    Modification catalyst (1b)    Spacer (2)    Combustion unit (11)    Modification unit (12)
NOVELTY - Oxygen content gas is supplied to heating gas and water. A part of heating gas is oxidized (exothermic reaction) in the presence of a catalyst. The heat of combustion generated is used as source for heating and modifying the fuel (endothermic reaction). Hydrogen content gas is formed. When the catalyst reaches predetermined rate of activity reduction, supply of oxygen content gas is stopped temporarily.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen content gas suitable for production of fuels for solid polymer fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen content gas is manufactured continuously without catalytic activity reduction. The catalyst can be regenerated effectively.
NOVELTY - An organic residue stocked temporarily in a reservoir is dehydrated by centrifugation, and then the concentrated residue is conveyed to a fermentation tank (62) from the reservoir. The residue is then fermented in the tank under anaerobic conditions, and biogas is formed.    USE - For fermentation of domestic organic waste to produce biogas such as methane used as fuel for fuel cell system (claimed), by using fermentation apparatus installed to the dishwasher in houses especially in the kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - By dehydrating the residue using centrifugation mechanism and separation net, the solid content are separated and concentrated efficiently. As a result, fermentation efficiency is improved. The process enables reduction of cost and energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic residue fermentation processing apparatus comprising fermentation tank for treating an organic residue under anaerobic condition to form biogas, and a reservoir for stocking the residue temporarily. The fermentation tank and reservoir are mutually connected by a feed drive unit. The residue is dehydrated in reservoir using centrifugation mechanism and solid-liquid separation net, and the residue is fermented in the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic waste fermentation processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell system (61)    Fermentation tank (62)
NOVELTY - A catalyst composition contains a perovskite type compound oxide of rational formula ABO3 or a perovskite type compound oxide of formula A'1-xA''xB'1-yB''yO3, where A comprises A' and A and B comprises B' and B.    USE - The catalyst composition is used as a catalyst for reforming fuel in the production of hydrogen using hydrocarbon type or alcohol type liquid fuels and as electrode catalysts for solid electrolyte type fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst compositions have high durability and heat resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the preparation of the above catalyst composition, in which the perovskite type compound oxide of formula A'1-xA''xB'1-yB''yO3 is prepared using a chloride, nitrate, or carbonate of lanthanum and/or cerium for A', a chloride, nitrate or carbonate of at least one selected from lanthanum, calcium, samarium, cerium, strontium, barium and praseodymium for    A'', a nitrate or carbonate of at least one selected from cobalt, iron, manganese and gadolinium for B', and a chloride or nitrate of ruthenium and/or rhodium for B''.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen reservoir has storage sections containing occlusion hydrogen materials (MH1,MH2) maintained at different pressures (P1,P2) and temperatures (T1,T2) respectively, such that P1 is less than P2 and T1 is greater than T2.    USE - Vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system for supplying hydrogen to be used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen from one storage section is transferred to the other rapidly and sufficiently and released at low temperature from the other storage section.
NOVELTY - A cushion sheet (7) is provided between ring (6A) from polytetrafluoroethylene and nozzle flange (3). The top surface of flange is coated with an anti-corrosive sheet (4) and the flange is connected to a pipe (8) with pipe lining (9) through a stud (10).    USE - For supply and emission of gas to battery stack of phosphoric acid type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables protection coating of piping connection easily, by inserting cushion sheet between flange and ring, and the flange whose top surface is coated with anti-corrosive sheet, is connected to pipe with pipe lining through stud.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of gas manifold.    Nozzle flange (3)    Anti-corrosive sheet (4)    Ring (6A)    Cushion sheet (7)    Pipe (8)    Pipe lining (9)    Stud (10)
NOVELTY - A solid polymer fuel cell system comprises a steam reformer (2) and a carbon monoxide (CO) converter (3). The anode gas, after passing through the cooling medium of the CO converter, is supplied as a fuel for heating the reformer. The cathode gas is supplied as a source for fuel combustion of the reformer.    USE - As a fuel cell system for the generation of electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The gas evolved from the anode and cathode are used efficiently. The electricity generation efficiency is improved by reducing the energy supply source of an air blower. By using the combustion catalyst for fuel combustion, the combustion part of the reformer can be reduced in size and the reformer can be miniaturized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformer (2)    CO converter (3)
NOVELTY - A method for production of biogas comprising application of combined or separate methanizing and composting processes to biomaterials in adapted stationary or mobile containers serving intensive waste rotting.    USE - For production of biogas from organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Existing stationary and mobile waste rotting containers are cheaply and easily adaptable for production of biogas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for implementation of the method.
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses a biological organic composite fertilizer, mainly containing organic matter, inorganic fertilizer, microbe and trace elements. Said invented composite fertilizer is made of a quickly-decomposing agent produced according to another patent and adopting three stages of primary fermentation, post fermentation and low-temp. granulating. Said invented composite fertilizer possesses high organic matter content, and contains lots of beneficial microorganisms, and can raise fertility of soil and utilization rate of fertilizer in the soil.
NOVELTY - A novel biological organic carbon dioxide gas fertilizer and its preparation method. It mainly comprises of natural organic substances and enzymes capable of degrading macromolecular natural organic substance and/or microbial bacterial preparation capable of mineralizing and decomposing natural organic substance. In the gas fertilizer the organic carbon is used as carbon source, its carbon content is greater than or equal to 200 g/kg, and the weight ratio of carbon and nitrogen is 5:50. Its production method includes the following steps, drying various ingredients, pulverizing, uniformly mixing and cold-pressing into a certain form. It possesses the advantages of convenient use, improving soil, rich raw material source, low raw material cost and easy production.
NOVELTY - A foamable fluoride composition, packaged in a foam generating container, comprises an aqueous solution of a water soluble fluoride ion releasable salt, a taurate surfactant and an orally compatible acidifying agent in an amount to adjust pH of the composition to 3 - 5.    USE - For treatment of dental caries.    ADVANTAGE - Improved dental fluoride foam composition having low density, which collapses rapidly on contact with the teeth and liquefies within 1 minute after being dispensed from the foam-generating container, so that treatment can be repeated over time to provide effective treatment for dental caries. The foam is dense, maintained for a significant period of time and can be quickly and easily removed from the patient's teeth.
NOVELTY - Processing organic waste comprising continuously adding an anaerobic microorganism and organic waste to an upstream processing tank, centrifugally mixing using agitating vanes such that a portion of the waste flows through on outlet port at the top of the tank into an inlet port at the top of a downstream, adjacent processing tank and repeating the process depending on the number of processing tanks, is new.    USE - For processing organic waste such as household waste and converting into compost.    ADVANTAGE - Can be used for large scale 24 hour processing with minimized installation and running costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for carrying out the above fermentation process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a device of processing organic waste.    Aerobic microorganism (2)    Organic waste (3)    First processing tank (3a-c)    Adjacent processing tank (17)    Motor (19)    Rotary shafts (1)
NOVELTY - Processing organic waste comprising adding an aerobic microorganism to organic waste in a hermetically sealed tank and controlling the fermentation temperature using the repetitions per minute (rpm) of a motor attached to agitating vanes, where the fermentation temperature is increased by increasing the rpm of the motor and vice versa, is new.    USE - For processing organic waste such as household waste and converting into compost.    ADVANTAGE - Does not lead to spoilage of waste or the generation of maggots. It can be used industrially and suppresses or prevents time lag or increase in running costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for carrying out the above fermentation process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a device of processing organic waste.    Agitating vanes (1)    Organic waste (3)    Processing tank (17)    Motor (19)    Rotary shaft (21)
NOVELTY - A passage is formed on each of the front and rear sides of each of the plates (A,B,C) and a cell (D) or a permeable film (E) is interposed between two of the plates, to form a cell unit. A number of such cell units are integrally laminated to form a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Fuel gas and cooling water are caused to flow into a humidifying chamber to humidify fuel gas. The resulting humidified fuel gas is supplied to a fuel chamber, and oxidant gas is supplied to an oxidant chamber, to generate electricity. It is so arranged that the flow of fuel gas moving inside the humidifying chamber is a counter flow with respect to the flow of cooling water moving inside the humidifying chamber and the flow of fuel gas moving inside the fuel chamber is a co-flow with respect to the flow of cooling water moving inside the fuel chamber.    USE - As polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Degradation of the fuel cell due to condensed water can be prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    plates (A,B,C)    cell (D)    permeable film (e)
NOVELTY - Performing fermentation of organic waste in at least three processing tanks, repeatedly, where the amount of organic waste added into and ejected from, each tank are maintained between specific limit, is new.    USE - For organic waste treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively performs fermentation of organic waste and obtains uniform processed material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fermentation processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fermentation processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A method for manufacture of methane hydrate involves contacting methane and water at a temperature 1 degrees C or more lower than the formation equilibrium temperature of methane hydrate with respect to reaction pressure.    USE - For manufacture of methane hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - The rate of manufacture of methane hydrate can be increased without promoting cooling capacity. Hence methane can be obtained with high efficiency, economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing apparatus of methane hydrate containing methane hydrating unit and temperature regulator for controlling the contact temperature of methane and water to 1 degrees C or less than formation equilibrium temperature of methane hydrate with respect to reaction pressure.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen purification involves removing carbon monoxide from a mixture of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide by adding an oxygen-containing gas at each stage of a multi-stage catalyst reactor with at least two stages. A platinum catalyst supported on a metallic oxide and a ruthenium catalyst supported on a metallic oxide are respectively used at the foremost and final stages of the reactor.    USE - For purifying hydrogen manufactured by the modification of carbon-containing compounds such as alcohol and hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon monoxide contained in hydrogen is removed without extensive loss of hydrogen by the reaction of hydrogen with carbon dioxide.
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon type fuel is supplied to a fuel modifier (6) to generate hydrogen. A purge air is supplied to a fuel modifier with a purge air supply unit to perform a purge operation. The supply of purge air to the fuel cell when the temperature of the fuel cell and the fuel modifier is less than a predetermined temperature.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a purge fuel modifier with air to improve durability of fuel cell. Eliminates need for nitrogen cylinder to purge fuel modifier to reduce a maintenance work load. Oxidizes and removes CO adsorbed in hydrogen pole to enhance the durability of a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Fuel cell system start method;    (b) Fuel cell system stop method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel modifier (6)
NOVELTY - Solid polymer fuel cell electricity generation system comprises reformer to reform hydrogen gas such as natural gas, town gas, and methanol, a carbon monoxide transformer, a carbon monoxide removal device, a fuel cell to generate electricity by hydrogen, a fuel cell control system, a water tank, and an auxiliary machine containing various pumps, all collectively contained in a outer cladding case.    USE - The system is used for domestic purposes.    ADVANTAGE - The solid polymer fuel cell electricity generation system is small in size. The installation space of fuel cell system is reduced, since various equipments are collectively provided in one outer cladding case.
NOVELTY - The modification catalyst of a modifier (2) is made to react with raw material containing carbon and water and is heated using heater (3), to generate hydrogen. A fuel cell (1) generates electricity using hydrogen gas. The exhaust gas containing hydrogen from fuel cell is used to heat the modifier.    USE - Fuel cell power generator used for electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since electricity generation amount can be changed instantly and temperature of modifier is stabilized during electricity generation alteration, carbon monoxide generation is restrained and stable operation is provided. Since amount of raw material supplied to burner is reduced, the operation efficiency is improved. Enables stable maintenance of modifier temperature by adjusting quantity of fuel flow. Improves electricity generation efficiency by maintaining composition of exhaust gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell power generator operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of fuel cell power generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)    Modifier (2)    Heater (3)
NOVELTY - A main evaporation chamber (11) divided into several auxiliary chambers (11A-11C), evaporates fuel supplied by fuel injectors by high temperature heat carrier (HG), to get a hot gas (FG). A gas temperature control chamber (30) exchanges heat and controls temperature of the hot gas sent from the evaporation chamber.    USE - For fuel cell of electricity generation system e.g. for electric vehicle,    ADVANTAGE - Temperature non-uniformity of the hot gas evaporated by the evaporation chamber is prevented by gas temperature control channel. The evaporation capability is easily changed by regulating supply of fuel to each chamber, from corresponding injector accurately.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the partially exploded plan view of the fuel evaporator. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    main evaporation chamber (11)    auxiliary chambers (11A-11C)    gas temperature control chamber (30)    hot gas (FG)    high temperature heat carrier (HG)
NOVELTY - Original fuel is evaporated in an evaporation chambers (11A-11C) by the high temperature combustion gas. Chambers are aerated serially and specific fuel is injected into the chambers through injector (40).    USE - For fuel cell based electric power generation system e.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures stable supply of the original fuel into the chambers irrespective of operation modes and environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of fuel cell evaporator.    evaporation chambers (11A-11C)    injector (40)
NOVELTY - A gas temperature control chamber controls temperature of hot gas (FG) generated from the fuel evaporation chamber (11), by exchanging heat. A bypass flow path (51) is provided for high temperature combustion gas which is used for evaporating the fuel to the control chamber, so that the combustion gas is prevented from entering into gas temperature control chamber by the operation of bypass valve (BV).    USE - Fuel evaporator for fuel cell system in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - By the provision of bypass path quantity of high temperature, combustion gas supplied to temperature control chamber is adjusted, thereby heating gas of more suitable temperature is generated by the provision of temperature control chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the plan view of the fuel evaporator. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    evaporation chamber (11)    bypass flow path (51)    bypass valve (BV)    hot gas (FG)
NOVELTY - A process for converting biological material into methane, comprising using small fermenters in the form of waste disposal containers or stackable crates, is new. The fermenters are operated in a batch process to ensure continuous gas production. Methanisation takes place after premixing with liquid and/or solid material.    USE - The process is used to convert biological material into methane.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple and effective.
NOVELTY - A novel completely insulated, closed, airtight continuous fermenter is employed to methanize agricultural waste biomass.    USE - To ferment biomass, producing bio-gas. The process is particularly applicable to agricultural wastes and residues.    ADVANTAGE - Aeration produces operational temperatures up to 40 degrees C, following which, exclusion of air causes anaerobic methane production. Heating is only employed to make up heat losses. Compartmentalization with separate feeders and extractors enables stable operation of stages at differing intensity. Heating and venting can be assisted by the exhaust from and air input to a block heating and generation plant.
NOVELTY - A refrigerant is prepared from propane (C3H8) (57-68 wt%), isobutane (C4H10) (7-18 wt%) and flame retardant TS (12-25 wt%) through mixing and filling into pressure container,    USE - Air conditioner, refrigerator and freezing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Features no toxicity into pressure container, and features no toxicity and pollution, high refrigerating effect, and low cost.
NOVELTY - The high-consistency anaerobic digestion process for methane and humus production comprises feed of organic e.g. urban waste for disaggregation via a feed screw (5). An absorption tower (7), a humus bagger (2), a compressor (9) and a waste collector (10) are also employed. A sludge pump (11), a settler (12) and pumps (13,14) are also fitted.
NOVELTY - Treating soil involves adding a pulverized mineral composite containing (wt.%) Si (not more than 20), Ca (10 - 20), Mg (2 - 10), Fe (2 - 10), K (1 - 10), Al (1 - 5), Na (0 - 3), Ti (0 - 5), Mn (0 - 1), P (0.005 - 0.5), Ba (0 - 0.01) and Cr (0 - 0.005), where the composite is in a powdered form with an uniform mean particle size of at most 5 mu and a surface area of 0.8 - 1.5 m2/cm3, is new.    USE - For treating soil and for producing edible plants (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composite stimulates activity of beneficial fungi and other useful microorganisms, enhancing the growth rate and mineral content of plants and vegetables grown in the soil. The composite has reduced silicon content as compared to the conventional glacial deposits, sea beds, rock quarries, hence a higher proportion of compounds which are more useful to plant life and the fungi. The composite has very fine particle size for prompt, optimum stimulatory effect on microorganisms in the soil, waste water, compost or solid waste. The method of making the composite is simple and economic. The composite provides relatively immediate results because small particle size is readily assimilated by the microorganisms in the soil and by plants growing in the soil. The smaller particle size provides larger surface area to the environment, allows quicker dissolution of the dissolvable minerals and is more effective than a similar composition having a larger median particle size. The method increases the activity of the microorganisms.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing edible plants having enhanced mineral content comprising:    (i) adding the composite to a plant growth medium; and    (ii) planting immature food-crop flora in the treated growth medium and growing the flora to maturity    The food-crop flora is selected from seeds or young plants.
NOVELTY - Provided is a method for producing fuel ethanol from recycled papers using recombinant yeasts capable of hydrolyzing cellulose, thereby the fuel ethanol having high productivity can be produced under low temperature with low costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for producing fuel ethanol comprises the steps of: (1) dissolving the cellulose into distilled water, adding 1% sulfuric acid solution and treating the mixture at 121degreesC and 15 psig for 30 minutes; (2) washing the cellulose with distilled water to reach up to pH 4 to 5, removing water from the cellulose with a filter, and drying the cellulose at 60degreesC; (3) fed-batch incubating yeasts in a medium containing glucose; (4) adding conventional enzyme into the fermented culture of yeasts; and (5) adding 10 g/l of the cellulose into the fermented culture to saccharify the cellulose.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a sealed fusion chamber (21a) where fusion of wooden biomass is performed. A device (4) evacuates the chamber and supplies inert gas to the chamber. A compressing device (5) compresses the biomass. A thermal treatment equipment heat-processes the biomass in the state of compression. A collection device (7) collects the fusion product.    USE - For manufacturing fuel which replaces fossil fuel such as coal, petroleum or natural gas, using wooden biomass which mainly consists of wooden materials such as timber, pulp, fiber, firewood as raw material.    ADVANTAGE - Since the fusion chamber is sealed and is evacuated and since inert gas is introduced into the fusion chamber, oxidation of biomass inside the chamber is prevented. Hence the hemicellulose, lignin and polymeric cellulose composing the biomass are fused appropriately to form a desired low molecular weight compound. Reliable compression is achieved, even when the compression device has a simple structure. Uniform change in the molecular structure of the biomass is effected due to the non-oxidizing atmosphere maintained inside the chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electric power supply device (6) supplies electricity to the thermal treatment equipment. A controller (8) controls the whole process.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of fuel using wooden biomass.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory cross-sectional view of the wooden biomass processing apparatus.    Regulating device (4)    Compressing device (5)    Electric power supply device (6)    Collection device (7)    Controller (8)    Sealed fusion chamber (21a)
NOVELTY - A mixed gas of ammonia and blast furnace gas is contacted with a catalyst containing a metal or a compound of an element chosen from iron group and chrome group, in the pre stage of the reaction. In the post stage process, a catalyst containing a metal or a compound of an element chosen from copper group, iron group, chrome group and platinum group metals, or rare earth elements is contacted.    USE - To obtain high yield of methane.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the blast furnace gas are converted into methane, with high-efficiency. The catalyst has high activity for long duration. Carbon dioxide output is inhibited effectively. Methane is obtained in high yield.
NOVELTY - Composting of organic waste comprising intermingling organic waste and microorganism forming a base, stirring, contacting air, heating at 30-80 degrees C, and continuously composting, with maintained pH of 3-6 throughout the process, where the microorganism grow at pH 5 or less, is new.    USE - For composting waste such as organic refuse ejected from home and restaurants.    ADVANTAGE - The composting method of organic waste is efficiently performed for a long period of time. The management of the method is easy, as the addition or exchange of microorganism base is not required for prolonged period. The compost is safe, and does not generate any undesired odor. The activity of microorganism in the composting process at 40-80 degrees C, is efficiently maintained. The composting capacity is efficiently improved by increasing temperature ranges, and by extinction and inactivation of sanitary insect pest eggs.
NOVELTY - A spherical-shaped fertilizer comprising coal ash, rice bran, oil cake, fish meal and fermented microbe mixed in water, is new.    USE - For improving fertility of soil.    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer contains large amounts of organic substance, sources of nitrogen and carbon, hence proliferates beneficial microorganisms present in soil. Also the fertilizer prevents damage of soil fertility by carbon dioxide and ammonia. The fertilizer suppresses generation of bad odor generated due to decomposition of organic substances, hence volatilization of nitrogen content is suppressed effectively.
NOVELTY - A modifier which forms hydrogen by reacting liquid or gaseous fuel with water vapor, has a heat exchanger for cooling the formed gas between two types of catalysts. The two types of catalysts are catalyst A for steam reforming hydrogen production and catalyst B for carbon monoxide reduction, and are provided in one container.    USE - Used in fuel cell electricity generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - A compact and lightweight modifier which avoids unnecessary heating when compared to conventional apparatus, is provided.
NOVELTY - Highly pure hydrogen production comprises the use of a two-stage reactor.    USE - Production of highly pure hydrogen by decomposition of a hydrocarbon, for use as a fuel for a high-molecular solid electrolytic fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method prepares highly pure hydrogen at a low temperature, ca. 500 degrees C, by a simple process. Sufficient hydrogen preparation capability is exhibited with a small two-stage reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Highly pure hydrogen is produced in a two-stage reactor, by decomposing a hydrocarbon, including methane, ethane or ethylene (CnHm right arrow nC+1/2mH2) and burning the resulting carbon (C + O2 right arrow CO2) to obtain the regeneration of a catalyst and the reaction heat of a decomposition reaction.
NOVELTY - An oxidation-reduction catalyst composition comprises an inorganic-organic hybrid mesopore molecular sieve containing an organic constituent bound to silicon at 22-60 equivalent percent w.r.t silicon and ruthenium which is supported on the inorganic-organic hybrid mesopore molecular sieve at 0.05-40 wt.% w.r.t the hybrid mesopore molecular sieve.    USE - For the purification of hydrogen containing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water.    ADVANTAGE - Using the catalyst composition, carbon monoxide contained in hydrogen containing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water can be selectively oxidized without methanation of carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the purification of hydrogen containing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water, comprising using the above oxidation-reduction catalyst composition to remove carbon monoxide through oxidation with oxygen.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen supply system has reformer which forms hydrogen supplied to a fuel cell. Hydrogen reservoir stores hydrogen from the reformer for fuel cell assistance. A distributing valve is controlled to supply the required hydrogen to the fuel cell and residual hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen reservoir.    USE - For supplying required hydrogen fuel formed from raw materials e.g. alcohol and gasoline to the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Distributes the required hydrogen to the fuel cell by the distributing valve and the residual hydrogen is collected to the hydrogen reservoir. Priority is given to the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell and the hydrogen requirement is always filled depending on the operating condition of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide (CO) selective oxidation catalyst comprises a platinum catalyst including iron, cobalt and copper as low temperature activated component.    USE - For selective oxidation of CO in hydrogen enrichment gas (claimed), or heating gas supplied to the anode of a solid polymer electrolyte-type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst activates even in a low temperature area. Favorable CO removal performance is enabled. Simplification of a catalyst warming system and size reduction of the CO removal system are obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) CO removal comprising adding oxygen necessary for oxidizing CO in hydrogen enrichment gas and contacting with a CO selective oxidation catalyst; and    (ii) a CO selective oxidation reactor.
NOVELTY - A shell catalyst has a core of an inert carrier material physically bonded to a shell of a porous carrier material containing a uniformly distributed, finely-divided, catalytically-active Group 10 or 11 metal or metal precursor.    USE - Claimed use of the catalyst is in reduction or purification of unsaturated hydrocarbons, especially 2-4C cuts. Use is preferably in the gas phase.    ADVANTAGE - Improved selectivity compared to prior-art shell-type catalysts.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of the catalyst involving covering the core with an oxidic powdered, an aqueous solution of an organic compound as a binder and a catalytically-active metal or precursor.
NOVELTY - A biological preparation for producing straw-stalk feed in order to save grains is prepared from carbohydrase (2-5%), sodium chloride (0.6-2%), sodium hydroxide (0.6-5%), living yeast (0.1-1%), emulsifier (1-15%), lactobacillus (1-5%), catalyst (10-20%), softening agent (2-10%), calcium oxide (3%), and sodium hydrogen carbonate (2%) through proportional mixing, mixing with water and anaerobic fermentation.
NOVELTY - Fueling system for fuel cells, comprises fuel tank/fuel ampoule (2) having fuel permeable walls which are removably provided in fuel container (1) having fuel impermeable walls.    USE - Fueling system is used for fuel cells especially rechargeable batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The fueling system avoids leakage problems of liquid fuel and can be easily packaged to small compact cell fuel systems. The fuel cell has higher energy per unit mass, higher energy per unit volume and is convenient, harmless and inexpensive than conventional batteries. Performance of fuel cell system is improved. The fuel tank is selectively permeable to fuel and exhaust products of fuel cell whereby the fuel diffuses to the fuel cell and exhaust products diffuses through the fuel ampoule to the atmosphere. The fuel ampoules are sealed in gas tight packages. When the package is opened, the ampoule is inserted into fuel cell applications to deliver reactants through selectively permeable wall of the ampoule. This permits controlled release of fuel, keeps the fuel clean and avoids fuel spillage during usage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of a fuel container.    Fuel container (1)    Fuel tank (fuel ampoule) (2)
NOVELTY - Culturing photosynthetic microorganisms in an open system comprises inoculating a first open reactor of a series of open reactors with inoculum that has been precultured in a closed photobioreactor.    USE - The process cultures photosynthetic microorganisms, e.g., Chlorophyta (green algae), Chromophyta, Cryptophyta (golden algae), Pyrrhophyta (dinoflagellates), Euglenophyta, Rhodophyta, or cyanobacteria (claimed). Products of algae cultivation include algal biomass and purified water. Purified water can be used as industrial water. Algal biomass can be used in the extraction of a series of high value-added substances, e.g. fatty acids, pigments, polysaccharides, and other biologically active substances. These products can be used in nutrition and nutritional supplements, cosmetics, clinical and pharmaceutical products. The remainder of the biomass can be designated as animal feed, fertilizer, or as raw material for energy production.    ADVANTAGE - The process permits reuse of the effluent and provides high production and high degree of purity of the algal species chosen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Culturing photosynthetic microorganisms in an open system comprises inoculating an aqueous medium with species or strains of photosynthetic microorganisms and culturing the microorganisms and recovering the biomass produced. The photosynthetic microorganisms are cultured in a series of open reactors. The first open reactor is inoculated with inoculum that has been precultured in a closed photobioreactor.
NOVELTY - The device has a multi-layer structure with a continuously repetitive layer sequence consisting of first and second layers (20,30) with channels (22,32) for the liquid medium and for a heating medium respectively. At least one vapor conduction volume (34) per layer sequence is arranged above the channels for the liquid medium and is connected to at least some of these channels. The device is manufactured using microstructure technology.    USE - For vaporizing liquid media for producing/providing fuel for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional arrangements, e.g. the inability to guarantee full vaporization of the starting material, and is particularly effective where space is limited.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: the use of a device for producing/providing fuel for a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a microstructure device for vaporizing liquid media    first and second layers (20,30)    channels for liquid medium and heating medium (22,32)    vapor conduction volumes (34)
NOVELTY - Soil enrichment method for cultivating farm crops involves applying organic fertilizer and biopreparations into soil, with winter siderate being used as organic fertilizer and stubble decomposition activator and soil microflora activator being used as biopreparations. Winter siderate is embedded into soil in spring in an amount of 8 t/hectare, followed by ploughing. The preparations are applied into soil prior to presowing cultivation to 8-10 cm depth at the rate of 1,000 ml/hectare of each preparation. The method allows buckwheat yield to be increased by 39.3%.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased yield and provision for obtaining ecologically safe product. 1 tbl, 4 ex
NOVELTY - A treatment system of living waste which is installed at saved costs compared with a conventional treatment system is provided to separate waste in convenience, recycle to compost and prevent soil pollution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system is characterized by comprising the parts of: a standing water-removing part(11) to treat water gathered from waste; a drum type grinder(20) and a waste bag opener(30), installed on one side of a conveyor(13); a cylindrical screen(31) and a rotary separator(40) to separate ground waste in kinds; a duct(50) where a filter(51) and an air-cleaner(52) are placed on the rotary separator to exhaust bad smell; a magnet(44) placed a side of conveyor(46) exhausting waste to choose metallic materials; a grinder(60) to cut waste for fertilizer; a fermenter(70) to age waste; a screen(80) to remove impurities; a silo(90); and a part(100) for packing fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A mobile fermenting device is provided which makes optimal fermenting condition by supplying air and hot air from the outside to the inside and continuously and naturally ferments livestock excrements, human excrements or food wastes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mobile fermenting device which uses a loading box(100) of a dump truck as a fermenting tank, comprises: (i) porous pipes(160) which are cylindrical bodies having many vent holes around the circumference of the bottom and are installed on both sides of the loading box inclined toward the its bottom to supply the outside air to the inside; (ii) porous pipes(150) which are cylindrical bodies having vent holes around whole circumference and are vertically installed between porous pipes(160) to discharge the inside air to the outside; (iii) porous plates(120) which are plate bodies having many vent holes in a vertical direction and are installed on the bottom of the loading box at a certain height of interval; (iv) a hot-air generating part which is installed on one side of the loading box to supply wind or hot wind passed through the vent holes of the porous plates to the inside; and (v) a drain valve which is installed on one side of the loading box to discharge the leachate drained through the vent holes of the porous plates.
NOVELTY - Waste material is continuously carbonized to generate carbonization gas. The obtained carbonization gas is burnt, and supplied as activation gas in the activation process. The activation gas activates primary charcoal, to obtain activated carbon.    USE - To manufacture activated carbon from waste material obtained from refuse incinerators.    ADVANTAGE - Since carbonization gas itself is used as heat source for activation, heat consumption for the process is sharply reduced. Waste material is effectively recycled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the activated carbon manufacturing apparatus which has carbonization furnace (1) which manufactures primary charcoal and an activation reactor (2) which activates primary charcoal, to manufacture activated carbon. The furnace and reactor are connected by carbonization gas vent pipe (9). A combustor (6) is provided to the vent pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an activated carbon manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbonization furnace (1)    Activation reactor (2)    Combustor (6)    Carbonization gas vent pipe (9)
NOVELTY - Storage of sewage gas involves adsorption storage of a mixed gas containing methane and carbon dioxide after separating hydrogen sulfide from a sewage gas generated during biological waste treatment.    USE - For the storage of sewage gas generated during biological waste treatment in sewage works, beer plants and breeding fields of livestock and domestic fowl (e.g. cattle, pigs and chickens).    ADVANTAGE - Since a small-sized gas holder filled with adsorbent is used for adsorption storage of the mixed gas of methane and carbon dioxide, the installation cost of the storage plant is reduced. Effective use of the sewage gas generated during biological waste treatment is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a storage and discharge apparatus for sewage gas, comprising a unit for separating hydrogen sulfide or hydrogen sulfide and water from the sewage gas generated during biological waste treatment, and a unit for performing adsorption storage of a mixed gas of methane and carbon dioxide.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply system has modifier (3) and reservoir which has storage parts (44,51) having hydrogen occlusion materials. (44) occludes hydrogen from (3), hydrogen is transferred to (51). The hydrogen from (51) is supplied to fuel cell. Amount of occluded hydrogen in (51) is set to a and amount of occluded hydrogen in (44) is set to b, such that hydrogen transfer between (44,51) is set to b less than a.    USE - For fuel cell which uses hydrogen as fuel e.g. for mounting on vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is rapidly and sufficiently transferred between the first and second storage parts, thereby insufficiency of hydrogen generation is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen supply system (1) has a modifier (3) which forms hydrogen from raw materials such as alcohol and gasoline, and a hydrogen reservoir (43). The hydrogen produced is supplied to apparatus e.g. fuel cell (2) which sets hydrogen as a fuel. The hydrogen reservoir has a first storage part (44) comprising a hydrogen occlusion material (MH1) and a second storage part (51) comprising a hydrogen occlusion material (MH2). The first storage part occludes hydrogen from the modifier, and the occluded hydrogen is transferred to the second storage part. The occluded hydrogen is released from the second storage part and is supplied to the fuel cell. The amount of occluded hydrogen in the second storage part is set to a, and the amount of occluded hydrogen in the first storage is set to b, such that the hydrogen transfer between the storage parts is set to b less than a.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of the hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen supply system (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Modifier (3)    Hydrogen reservoir (43)    Storage parts(MH1,MH2) Hydrogen occlusion materials (44,51)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen reservoir (43) which occludes and releases unused hydrogen from the fuel cell (2), has storage sections (44,48) with hydrogen occlusion alloys (MH1,MH2), respectively. The section (44) is made to occlude unused hydrogen and the section (48) is made to occlude hydrogen obtained by releasing the occlusion hydrogen. Occlusion hydrogen is released from the section (48) to the fuel cell, during start-up.    USE - Vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system which supplies hydrogen to apparatus which sets hydrogen as fuel e.g. fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The unused hydrogen is effectively used economically. The fuel consumption and the energy efficiency of the system are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (2)    Hydrogen reservoir (43)    Storage sections (44,48)    Hydrogen occlusion alloys (MH1,MH2)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen or methane storage material consists of graphite nano fiber (2) having a cylindrical shaped structure with a penetration void (3) which is hollow or filled with amorphous carbon. The cylindrical shaped structure is formed by laminating graphite nano fiber crystal having cone shape. The graphite nano fiber has diameter of 10-600 nm.    USE - For storing hydrogen gas or methane used for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The storage material is light weight and has excellent storage property of hydrogen gas and methane by using graphite nano fiber having cylindrical shaped structure. The conveyance and storage of hydrogen gas and methane is performed efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen gas or methane storage method which involves adsorbing and storing hydrogen gas or methane by pressure application.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graphite nano fiber formed with film on the substrate.    Graphite nano fiber (2)    Void (3)
NOVELTY - A controller (A5) computes the desired input amount of raw material to an evaporator (C2), based on the fuel cell (C4) requirement. The controller regulates a combustor (C1), based on the estimated heat inflow and outflow from the evaporator.    USE - For a fuel reformer of a fuel cell power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of a controller enables regulation of the raw material requirement depending on the output of a fuel cell and the temperature of the combustor is maintained within a limit. Raw material of desired quantity is fed into an evaporator depending on the requirement, thereby feeding of excess raw material is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a fuel cell power generator with a controller. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Controller (A5)    Combustor (C1)    Evaporator (C2)    Fuel cell (C4)
NOVELTY - Novel manufacturing device has a process tube (1) with an inlet at one end and outlet (3) with open-closable gate at other end. A rotary axle of diameter increasing from inlet to outlet side is housed in tube. A screw vane (6) is provided around periphery of an axle portion (4a) at inlet side. A kneader with a number of moving blades (7) is provided around an axle portion (4b) at downstream side of screw vane.    USE - the device is useful for producing composting material using putrefactive waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The devices reduces amount of requirement of water content regulation materials like saw dust and chaff. Improves constriction function for extraction of moisture content from the processed materials. Avoids damage of screw vane moving blade since control signal is received from a temperature detector to regulate the gate opening-closing unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of composting material manufacturing device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Process tube (1)    Outlet (3)    Axle portions (4a,4b)    Screw vane (6)    Moving blade (7)
NOVELTY - The composting materials (1) are filled over soil layer in the concrete channel (5). The top surface of composting material is covered by the soil (6) and performs anaerobic fermentation. Air is forcibly passed into the compost for aerobic fermentation.    USE - For fermenting the composting material.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents water contamination, generation of insect pests and bad smell due to anaerobic fermentation of composting material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the soil embedding mold composting method.    Composting materials (1)    Concrete channel (5)    Soil (6)
NOVELTY - Composite-hydrolyzable microbes like Azotobacter, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, (root nodule, nitrification and/or cellulose degradation) microbe, (butyric acid, acetic acid and/or photosynthetic) bacteria, sulfur bacterium, yeast fungus, actinomycetes and/or filamentous fungi, is aerobically-fermented in culture medium, to form loosely-packed granular fertilizer.    USE - the fertilizer is used in horticulture, agriculture and fruit cultivation.    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer and the compost, having loosely packed structure, crumbles easily in the soil without forming any aggregate. The flowers of the plant utilizing the fertilizer, remain fresh and do not wilt for a prolonged period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of granular compost having loosely-packed structure, which involves mixing peat-moss, free sand soil, Kanuma soil, activated carbon and/or zeolite, with the fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A granular gas fertilizer of carbon dioxide is prepared by microbe fermentation, that is, using carbohydrate as culture medium and addition of nutrients needed by growth of aerobic yeast. Its preparation process features a simple method, no environmental pollution, no damage to crops and has a low cost.
NOVELTY - Disclosed are an oxidation catalyst for methane in a rarefied concentration and preparing method thereof.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The oxidation catalyst is composed of Pt, Pd, Rh, or Au as active species and zeolite as catalytic support. The support uses one of H- or Na-type MFI, BEA, or USY structure ion-exchanged with ammonium or hydrogen ion and the ratio of Si to Al is 10-100. Prior to impregnation of active species on the support, organic compounds such as tetra propyl ammonium hydroxide (TPAOH), tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH), tetrabutyl ammonium bromide (TBABr), or tetra-propyl ammonium bromide (TPABr) may be used to fill fully in the pore of the support with 0.3-10 ml/g-support. The noble metal species are used with 0.1-5 wt% amount based on the weight of zeolite by the impregnation method or the ion-exchange method. The catalyst is prepared by the dry of 100-150degreesC for 3-5 h and the calcination of 500-600degreesC for 3-6 h. The optimal reaction condition is 10,000-50,000 h-1 of space velocity, 210-400degreesC of reaction temperature, and 30-500 ppm of methane concentration.
NOVELTY - Preparing a fertilizer comprising using food garbage is provided which recycles the food garbage and continuously produces the fertilizer without going through a fermenting process, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises steps of:    (i) transferring food garbage to a sorter;    (ii) throwing the sorted food garbage in a pulverizer;    (iii) adding quicklime, magnesia, boron and amino acid in the pulverized food garbage, allowing the mixture to stabilize;    (iv) mixing rice hulls mixed with excretions, sawdust and excretions or oil squeezed dregs with the stabilized food garbage to removes moisture from the food garbage; and    (v) throwing the moisture reduced food garbage in a drier to produce a fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Preparing an organic fertilizer from bamboo as a main material comprising the fertilizer having improved effects and acting as a compost with relatively cheap cost, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises steps of:    (i) pulverizing bamboo containing leaves, a trunk and a root;    (ii) mixing the pulverized bamboo with assorted feed having pulverized material of beans, processed material of beans or ingredient of beans in a ratio of 60:40-80:20;    (iii) fermenting the mixture of the step (ii) at a temperature of 30-40 degrees Centigrade for 5-7 days;    (iv) mixing the fermented mixture of step (iii) with a treated material prepared by mixing agricultural garbage such as food garbage, butchery wastes, feces, fish and shellfish garbage, fruit garbage, vegetable garbage quicklime in a treating tank and ocher soil in a ratio of 40:40:20-50:40:10; and    (v) accumulating and fermenting the mixture of the step (iv) or stabilizing the mixture.
NOVELTY - Recycling organic waste comprising fermenting organic waste collected in an polylactic acid bag to obtain lactic acid, which is then used for manufacturing polylactic acid bags, is new.    USE - For recycling organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste is disposed effectively, without environmental disruption. Lactic acid is formed effectively during recycling of organic waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recycling organic waste comprises fermenting organic waste collected in an polylactic acid bag to obtain lactic acid, which is then used for manufacturing polylactic acid bags. The organic waste collected in polylactic acid bag is subjected to fermentation, to obtain lactic acid. The obtained lactic acid is used for manufacturing polylactic acid bag.
NOVELTY - The fuel reformer (13) comprises air supply path (132b) to supply oxygen into the mixed gas path (132c) for oxidation reaction. Exothermic reaction catalyst (134a) is provided in the mixed gas path (132c) which surrounds the original fuel gas path (132a). An endothermic reaction catalyst (134b) is arranged in the fuel gas path (132a).    USE - Modifying methanol into hydrogen rich fuel gas.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents degradation of endothermic catalyst by oxidation as the endothermic reaction catalyst uses the heat generated by the exothermic reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of a fuel reformer.    Fuel reformer (13)    Fuel gas path (132a)    Air supply path (132b)    Mixed gas path (132c)    Exothermic reaction catalyst (134a)    Endothermic reaction catalyst (134b)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon composition contains an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon and an other hydrocarbon (a hydrocarbon precursor). The weight of the oxygen atoms in the oxygen-containing hydrocarbon is 0.01-20 mass% based on the entire composition.    USE - The hydrocarbon composition is used for manufacturing hydrogen for use in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is a heavy hydrocarbon, including naphtha, or kerosene, depressing the carbon deposition on a catalyst even under a low steam/carbon ratio. The composition stably and efficiently manufactures hydrogen.
NOVELTY - Fuel oil for fuel cells contains 1-50 vol% of an olefin compound.    USE - The fuel oil is used in fuel cells for producing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is produced with good efficiency. A reformation catalyst or an electrode for a fuel cell are not adversely affected.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells comprises a catalytic partial oxidation treatment of the fuel oil.
NOVELTY - A method for purifying paraffin is provided which effectively removes impurities containing olefin and oxygen from the paraffin step by step.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises:    (1) reacting C3-4 paraffin compound containing 1-5,000 part per million of impurities containing 0.1-50 wt.% of C3-6 olefin and oxygen with adding hydrogen thereto in the presence of metal catalyst;    (2) removing the remainder hydrogen after the hydrogenation reaction; and    (3) removing the impurities containing the oxygen by using an absorbent selected from 13X zeolite, 4A zeolite, 5A zeolite or mixtures thereof.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion alloy having a compound layer containing oxygen and fluorine on its surface, is contacted with mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon oxide, to hydrogenate carbon oxide.    USE - For converting carbon oxide to organic compounds, hydrocarbon group fuel or gaseous fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Since the hydrogen occlusion alloy catalyst has high catalytic activity, the carbon oxide is hydrogenated quickly and efficiently even in moderate condition.
NOVELTY - A porous support (4) for water treatment comprising hydrophilic thermoplastic resin and/or other types of thermoplastic resins, is new.    USE - Used for various water treatments such as waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The thermoplastic resin melt is molded into arbitrary shapes in large quantities continuously. By adjusting the compounding quantity of foaming agent and selecting porosity and specific gravity of support, the fluid bed treatment is performed effectively. Fillers such as calcium carbonate and barium sulfate are mixed with thermoplastic resin to prevent abrasion and damage of the mold, and the support of high durability is provided. Hydrophilic thermoplastic resins are used in the support, improving the adherence and proliferation of microorganisms.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacturing the support, comprising molding the melt of hydrophilic thermoplastic resin and/or other types of thermoplastic resins with foaming agent; and    (2) apparatus for water treatment which comprises porous support.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic block diagram of water treating unit.    Support (4)
NOVELTY - A carrier (4) for water treatment comprising a porous material provided with a skin layer, is new.    USE - For treating water using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The porous material containing skin layer prevents formation of air bubbles when used as fluid bed during water treatment. The microorganism adheres to the carrier during water treatment, hence prevents fluid reduction resulting from imparting excessive buoyancy and effective water treatment is performed. The thermoplastic resin made carrier improves water absorption and has high affinity for microorganisms, hence has improved enzymatic activity and/or growth promotion effect of microorganisms.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacturing the carrier, comprising molding a thermoplastic resin melted with a foaming agent and forming a skin layer on surface of a porous material; and    (2) apparatus for treating water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows embodiment of water treatment unit.    Carrier (4)
NOVELTY - A support, obtained by molding a thermoplastic resin after melting, and cutting into a spherical shape by water cut, hot cut or mist cut method, is new.    USE - For water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The support is in spherical form, preventing the contamination of the support, and also preventing the increase of chemical oxygen demand. Therefore, the support is stabilized for longer time. The microorganisms can be adhered to the support and the water treatment can be performed efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacturing the support; and    (2) water treatment apparatus.
NOVELTY - Coffee lees are fermented and dried using the fermentation heat. Subsequently, the dried coffee lees are carbonized using a combustion tank, and an elemental carbon which is an active carbon is obtained.    USE - For elemental carbon manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - The elemental carbon is manufactured inexpensively and hygienically using an apparatus which produces environmentally purified products. Since the coffee lees are of fine granules, moisture content, odor and insect pest are reduced. As the coffee lees obtained in larger amount as waste from industry is utilized, cost reduction is achieved and conservation of waste is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for elemental carbon.
NOVELTY - A microorganism carrier is manufactured by contracting a porous resin by heating. The contraction ratio is 75-25% with respect to 100 volume% of used porous resin which has an expansion ratio of 5:25. The porous resin is thermoplastic resin and a foam.    USE - The microorganism carrier is used for biological treatment of waste water ejected from houses and industrial organic waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The carrier has improved water flow resistance for prolonged periods, and adhesion of microorganisms.
NOVELTY - Purification of exhaust gas, is performed by methane oxidation catalyst and nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst arranged respectively to upstream and downstream sides. The methane oxidation catalyst is composed of palladium, platinum, tin oxide.    USE - For automobile, electricity generation plant.    ADVANTAGE - The purification is reliable because methane oxidation and nitrogen oxide reduction are performed simultaneously by catalysts.
NOVELTY - An environment polluted by an organic compound is treated using a microorganism possessing organic compound degradation abilities.    USE - The method efficiently repairs the environment polluted by the organic compound by using the microorganism and finds its applications in the ground water, waste liquid, soil and/or air.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively inhibits toxicity caused by a degraded intermediate product, or toxicity derived from digesting enzyme expression to form a harmless product. No decrease in degradation activity is observed. The method also effectively inhibits an aged decrease in degradation activity inherent in the microorganism and deactivation. The result efficiently degrades and purifies the microorganism. High degradation efficiency is retained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An environment polluted by an organic compound is treated using a microorganism possessing organic compound degradation abilities. The digesting enzyme of the organic compound and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase is expressed on the microorganism. The organic compound is kept in contact with the microorganism for degradation.
NOVELTY - An environment polluted by an organic compound is treated by using a microorganism having organic compound degradation capability.    USE - The method efficiently treats the environment polluted by the organic compound by using the microorganism and finds its applications in the ground water, waste liquid, soil and/or air.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively inhibits toxicity caused by a degraded intermediate product, or toxicity derived from digesting enzyme expression to form harmless. No decrease in degradation activity is observed. The method also effectively inhibits an aged decrease in degradation activity inherent in the microorganism and deactivation. The result efficiently degrades and purifies the microorganism. High degradation efficiency is retained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An environment polluted by an organic compound is treated by using a microorganism having organic compound degradation capability. The digesting enzyme of the organic compound and glutathione transferase are expressed on the microorganism. The organic compound is kept in contact with the microorganism for degradation.
NOVELTY - An isolated and purified enzyme (I) with xylanolytic activity having more than 70% homology with a sequence (S1) comprising 217 amino acids fully defined in the specification, or comprising a sequence (S2), is new.    USE - (I) and (V) are useful for the degradation of plant cell wall components, for decomposing plants and fruits, preferably fruit, legume juices, beer, paper, starch, gluten or vegetable oil preparation processes, for decomposing wastes, preferably agricultural wastes or wastes from paper mills, in baking processes, especially for increasing the volume of baked products, and in starch-gluten separation processes (claimed). (I) is also useful as agrofood, and in feed to improve the growth rate or feed conversion ratio of animals such as poultry.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - S2 is DITQNERGT(N/G)NGY(F/Y)Y(S/N)FWTX(G/N)GGNVY.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an isolated and purified nucleotide sequence (II) encoding (I), and having 70% or more homology with a sequence (S3) comprising 2225 nucleotides fully defined in the specification;    (2) a recombinant nucleotide sequence (III) comprising one or more adjacent regulatory sequence(s), preferably originating from homologous microorganisms, operably linked to (II);    (3) a vector (IV) comprising (II) or (III);    (4) a recombinant host cell (V) transformed by (II), (III) or (IV); and    (5) a solid support fixing an element selected from (V), its extract and/or (I).
NOVELTY - A full-nutrients efficient granular organic fertilizer is prepared from sunflower stalk, human excrement and urine or pig's dung or their mixture, chicken droppings, and grass and wood ash through breaking and fermentation of sunflower stalk, proportional mixing, addition of disinfectant, baking, granulating and packing, and features no content of chemical fertilizer, rich K element and other nutrients, and no environmental pollution. It can improve soil.
NOVELTY - Controlling an anaerobic digester system involves monitoring the digestion process within the digester to collect digester data. The data collected are telemetered to a cumulative database, which is then mined to compile a predictive feed forward control of the anaerobic digester system.    USE - For controlling the digestion process in an anaerobic digester system.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method monitors and controls the anaerobic process better in the digester system by employing cumulative database, compared to previous systems. It can optimize the operation of the digester system easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Controlling an anaerobic digester system involves storing a feedstock comprising a biologically generated component, to form a digester feed material. The feed material is then digested in the digester to generate a biogas and form a digested material. The digestion process is monitored to collect digester data. The data collected are telemetered to a cumulative database, which is then mined to compile a predictive feed forward control of the anaerobic digester system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a diagram illustrating the control of the anaerobic digester system.
NOVELTY - Remediating an in situ zone contamination containing water and carbon tetrachloride comprises injecting nutrient medium into the zone as particles consisting of solid beads of hydrogenated cottonseed oil. The particles release the cottonseed oil into the water so that a microorganism in the zone is provided with the nutrient medium over an extended period to degrade carbon tetrachloride.    USE - For remediating an in situ zone of contamination containing water and carbon tetrachloride (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention is easy to perform and is economical. It delivers controlled levels of nutrients to maintain active microorganism populations, or chemical reactants to effect degradation over extended periods.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Remediating an in situ zone of contamination containing water and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), involves injecting a nutrient medium for a microorganism into the zone. The microorganism has all of the CCl4 degradation characteristics of Pseudomonas stutzeri KC deposited as ATCC 55595. The nutrient medium is injected into the zone as particles consisting of solid beads of a hydrogenated cottonseed oil. The particles release the cottonseed oil into the water in the zone so that the microorganism in the zone is provided with the nutrient medium over an extended period to degrade the CCl4 in the zone.
NOVELTY - An organic refuse decomposition promoter contains diatomaceous earth raw material obtained by opal property shell milling and chitosan raw material powder admixed with fiber and powder form natural cellulose. The amount of diatomaceous earth is 10% or more and the amount of chitosan raw material is 5% or more with respect to organic refuse decomposition promoter.    USE - For treating organic refuse containing waste oil comprising fats and oil components.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse decomposition promoter accelerates microorganism decomposition and enables efficient processing of organic refuse containing waste oil. Generation of bad smell during decomposition is avoided. Resolving time and efficiency are improved. pH of the microbial bed used for the treatment is maintained neutral. Removal of water vapor formed by decomposition is smoothly enabled. Humidity of microbial bed is controlled.
NOVELTY - An apparatus comprising an elevatable conveyor which transfers and circulates stored contents from lower section to upper section of apparatus, is new.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Because of elevatable conveyor, stirring is efficiently performed. Therefore process efficiency is improved and the generation of bad smells is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Apparatus (1)    Elevatable conveyor (3)
NOVELTY - Dissolution processing of a styrene foam waste material involves volume reduction of the styrene foam waste material using volume reduction agent consisting of mixed liquor of larger amount of water, and smaller amount of citric acid, toluene, and alcohol.    USE - For dissolution of styrene foam waste material and recycling, as a fuel oil, the styrene foam waste material used for packing of home electrical appliances, and as shock absorbing material of glassware, heat retention material in food container.    ADVANTAGE - Since the volume reduction agent contains larger amount of water, danger due to ignition of solvent used for dissolution of the styrene foam waste material, is avoided. The volume reduction agent containing larger amount of water, toluene, alcohol and smaller amount of citric acid, can be maintained at normal temperature. The volume reduction agent has high melting capacity and exhibits high dissolution rate, enabling effective melting of the styrene foam waste material. Total amount of toluene contained in the water reduction agent is minimized. The volume reduction agent after dissolution of styrene waste material is recycled as a fuel oil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for volume reduction agent of styrene foam waste material.
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide in hydrogen content gas is removed by selective oxidation. The concentration of oxygen in the hydrogen content gas after carbon monoxide selective oxidation removal is adjusted to 0.05-1.5 volume%.    USE - For fuel cells such as solid polymer type fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen content gas of suitable oxygen concentration, is manufactured. Oxidation of CO on platinum electrode catalyst is easier. Poisoning of platinum electrode catalyst is avoided and high output voltage is obtained.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen supply system (1) has storage part (44) and storage part (50) arranged nearby. The internal diameter d1 of transfer pipeline (51) for hydrogen is less than internal diameter d2 of feed pipeline (54) for hydrogen to fuel cell (2).    USE - For vehicle-mounted use.    ADVANTAGE - Decompression of release hydrogen pressure is suppressed and transfer of hydrogen between the storage parts is performed. Hydrogen occlusion efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system has modifier (3) which forms hydrogen from raw materials, such as an alcohol and gasoline and supplies as a fuel to apparatus (2). The hydrogen reservoir (43) occludes and releases the hydrogen formed by the modifier. The hydrogen reservoir (43) has storage part (44) equipped with the easy hydrogen occlusion property first hydrogen occlusion material (MH1), and storage part (50) equipped with the easy hydrogen release property second hydrogen occlusion material (MH2). The hydrogen from modifier (3) is occluded in storage part (44) for preset time and is transferred to storage part (50) and occluded in it.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen supply system (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Modifier (3)    Hydrogen reservoir (43)    Storage parts (44,50)    Transfer pipeline (51)    Feed pipeline (54)    Hydrogen occlusion materials (MH1,MH2)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen reservoir with hydrogen occlusion alloy for start up (MH2) occludes hydrogen to start the fuel cell (2). Hydrogen tank (18) supplies hydrogen at the hydrogen occlusion alloy for heating (MH3) attached to the reservoir. The occlusion temperature of MH3 is lower than the hydrogen release temperature of MH2 and MH2 is heated more than the hydrogen release temperature.    USE - Hydrogen supply system to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The start up of the fuel cell is rapid and effective even at low temperature. The hydrogen supply system is performed reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen supply system.    Fuel cell (2)    Hydrogen tank (18)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy for start up (MH2)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy for heating (MH3)
NOVELTY - The reformer (3) forms hydrogen from alcohol and gasoline, which is occluded in the tanks (43,45,47). Hydrogen is released from at least one of the tanks, when start-up of the fuel cell (2) and the other tanks are in occlusion condition. At least one tank is set in hydrogen release condition before one of the tanks is in hydrogen release completion condition.    USE - Hydrogen supply system which supplies hydrogen formed from raw materials e.g. alcohol and gasoline for the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The start-up of fuel cell is performed rapidly and the fuel cell is operated continuously without any intermission.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The opening start point of at least one tank in hydrogen release condition during completion of hydrogen release condition of at least one tank which becomes to be in next hydrogen release condition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (2)    Reformer (3)    Tanks (43,45,47)
NOVELTY - Selective oxidation catalyst contains ruthenium and platinum in a ratio of 0.1-9.5 provided on a porous support. Ruthenium and/or platinum is present to a distance of less than 100 micron from the outer surface of porous support. The selective oxidation catalyst selectively oxidizes carbon monoxide in the reformed gas by an oxygen gas.    USE - For selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in reformed gas used for fuel cell, particularly solid polymeric fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst enables selective and effective oxidation of carbon monoxide present in reformed gas, at low temperature. The catalyst enables to improve fuel efficiency and there by improves efficiency of electricity generation.
NOVELTY - The horizontal type fermentation device (1) comprises a fermenter to store and ferment a raw material, and an agitator (2) to stir the raw material. The fermenter has primary and secondary fermenters (10,20) arranged adjacent to each other in parallel direction. The raw material inlet (11) of primary fermenter, and fermented material outlet (22) of secondary fermenter are adjacent to each other.    USE - For fermenting organic wastes such as refuse, sludge, and livestock dung.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation device is economical and compact. The distance between inlet of primary fermenter and outlet of secondary fermenter, and outlet of primary fermenter and inlet of secondary fermenter can be shortened. The fermented material can be transported automatically. Hence, labor can be saved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of horizontal type fermentation device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of horizontal type fermentation device.    Horizontal fermentation type device (1)    Agitator (2)    Primary fermenter (10)    Inlet (11)    Outlet (22)    Secondary fermenter (20)
NOVELTY - Dried organic substances such as foodstuff residue, are placed in container (10), and conveyed on a carriage (16) to fermentation chamber (12) which is set to preset temperature. The container mounted on carriage is automatically moved to outlet (12b) of fermentation chamber from inlet (12a), with accelerated fermentation. The organic fertilizer is collected from outlet of chamber.    USE - For manufacturing organic feed or organic fertilizer from organic refuse, such as foodstuff residue from food-processing industry.    ADVANTAGE - Organic feed/fertilizer can be manufactured efficiently and economically from foodstuff residue, and recycle of foodstuff residue is enabled. A medium-scale operation for feed/fertilizer, is provided. Fermentation accelerators and regulators are added to the fermentation medium, thereby fermentation is improved. More than one container can be placed on the carriage at the same time. The number of containers inside the fermentation chamber can be adjusted adequately. Bad smell of collected foodstuff residue is effectively eliminated. Formation of rust in the drying machine and the need for exhaust- and water-treatment installation, is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart of organic fertilizer manufacturing process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Container (10)    Fermentation chamber (12)    Inlet of chamber(12b) Outlet of chamber (12a)    Carriage (16)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse processing apparatus comprises a sump for storing kitchen refuse liquid and a separator separates solids from the liquid. The liquid is treated in precipitation separation device to remove floating fine particles. The precipitate separation apparatus has precipitate separator (10) and filtration decomposition section (11).    USE - For kitchen waste water, for sewage works, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The separator separates solids from liquid, the floating fine particles are removed by filtration decomposition section and the sludge is converted into compost. Hence, blocking of pipe is prevented and treatment apparatus has excellent process efficiency for longer time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The waste water treatment device is provided for processing microorganism sequentially to obtain treated water. The solids separated by the separator, is converted into compost in the composter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the precipitation separation device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Precipitate separator (10)    Filtration decomposition section (11)
NOVELTY - 100 weight parts (wt.pts) of an Equisetum arvense plant powder possessing microorganism activation function is mixed with 100-150 wt.pts of cement for binding and 35 wt.pts of water and the mixture is kneaded, molded into a pellet or a tablet and dried to an equisetum arvense solid piece (A).    USE - For biological treatment of human and industrial waste water using tablet and pellet form equisetum arvense powder.    ADVANTAGE - Performs activation of micro organism for a long period of time as the pellet is firm and resists disintegration even when stirred, thereby avoids requirement or supplementation frequently resulting in reduction of burden of operator and operating cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The kneaded mixture is press molded into the pellet by a compression force of 1.96divide104 kPa. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of solidified Equisetum arvense powder pellet/tablet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view a Equisetum arvense powder solidified pellet.    Solidified Equisetum arvense powder pellet (A)
NOVELTY - An oxidizing agent like sodium chlorite, sodium chlorate, calcium nitrate or zirconium oxychloride is added to the polluted liquid. The polychlorinated aluminum, ferric chloride, sulfuric acid or ferric polysulfate is added to the polluted liquid for coagulation of polluted liquid.    USE - For treating waste water such as water containing pig urine, human excretes, alcoholic waste obtained from distilleries, water containing fertilizers, agrochemicals, etc., and disposed into rivers, lakes, marshes.    ADVANTAGE - Contamination of river water by disposal of waste water is solved by adding oxidizing agent and coagulation agent to the polluted waste water. The problem of environmental pollution is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for treatment agent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of a processing system utilizing a processing method for polluted liquid. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The organic waste is stored in treatment tank (10a). A stirrer (20) inside the tank, stirs the organic waste. An absorption tank (41) maintained at low pressure is connected to a waste water collection port (34) formed on the wall surface of the tank, to absorb the water content from the tank (10a) and adjust the water content in the organic waste.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse by utilizing microaerobion.    ADVANTAGE - Excessive discharge of water content in treatment tank is prevented with the absorption splitter and the water content is positively guided to the absorption tank side effectively by maintaining the tank at low pressure. The organic waste is decomposed effectively by maintaining proper moisture content in organic waste. The loss of microorganism is suppressed and rapid absorption process is attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of organic waste processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (10a)    Stirrer (20)    Waste water collection port (34)    Absorption tank (41)
NOVELTY - Intake and exhaust paths (2,3) are provided to intake and exhaust the air from the processing chamber (1) which decompose the garbage-disposal material (6). Ventilating fan (4) and deodorant device (5) are provided in the exhaust path. A path (7) is branched from the exhaust route between the fan and deodorant device. The branch route is connected to the intake path through a dehumidifier (8).    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Oxygen is sufficiently supplied to the micro organism in organic refuse processing chamber by adding external fresh air through the dehumidifier. Load imparted on the deodorant device is reduced and deodorizing effect is reliable. Organic refuse processing is promoted by removing the moisture content by the dehumidifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the pipe-line diagram of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Processing chamber (1)    Intake and exhaust paths (2,3)    Ventilating fan (4)    Deodorant device (5)    Garbage-disposal material (6)    Branch path (7)    Dehumidifier (8)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide present in hydrogen-containing gas is reduced by contacting a catalyst containing a support having monmorillonite metal as main component, with carbon monoxide and oxygen.    USE - For reducing carbon monoxide present in hydrogen-containing gas used in mounted mold fuel cells for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The method and the catalyst enables effective reduction of carbon monoxide by modifying reaction of methanol at low temperatures. Selective oxidation reaction is performed at low temperature without methanation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a catalyst for reducing carbon monoxide, comprising a support containing monmorillonite as main component.
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation-removal apparatus comprises two sequentially arranged CO oxidation devices, and a mixer for mixing oxidizing gas with reformed gas. Oxidizing gas is supplied at increasing rate through the oxidation device, while increasing the concentration of oxidized gas to the oxidation devices (I), when the concentration of CO at the inlet of the oxidation device (I) is high, and decreasing the concentration of oxidized gas, when concentration of CO at the inlet of the oxidation device (I) is low.    USE - For oxidation-removal of carbon monoxide from hydrogen-rich reformed gas.    ADVANTAGE - By installing the mixer for mixing air, the apparatus improves the rate of oxidation of carbon monoxide. By controlling the supply of oxidizing gas, oxygen to carbon monoxide ratio is reduced and consumption of hydrogen is restrained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation-removal comprises two sequentially arranged CO oxidation devices, and a mixer for mixing oxidizing gas with reformed gas, at upstream end of each oxidation device. Oxidizing gas is supplied at increasing rate through the oxidation devices, while increasing the concentration of oxidizing agent to one of the devices (I), when the concentration of CO at the inlet of the device (I) is high, and decreasing the concentration of oxidizing gas when the concentration of CO at the device (I) is low.
NOVELTY - A reformer (1) has a heating tube (3) which imparts reaction heat to a modification catalyst comprising a reverse U-shaped superstructure which becomes the entrance side for raw material gas. The superstructure has a convex curved structure and convex cylindrical portion butt welded portion (W) with the cylinder. A combustor (8) is provided inside the heating tube.    USE - To reform hydrocarbon gas, e.g. natural gas, naphtha and methanol to obtain hydrogen used for fuel cells, etc., by catalytic reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Superstructure and cylindrical components, e.g. heating tube are joined by butt welding. The right angle contact of the welding portion of the heating tube and the heating tube upper board is eliminated using a cup-shaped component which provides spinning to the upper board without altering the design largely. The manufacturing cost is reduced. The flow of raw material gas is improved by curved surface processing and the thermal efficiency of the reformer is improved. The deviation of the flow of gas and in the distribution of temperature are reduced by providing homogeneous mechanical strength. The concentration of stress in the structural materials is reduced which improves the durability and reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reformer has a catalyst pipe (4), a heating tube and a reforming pipe (5) provided concentrically. The structure and the cylindrical components are joined by butt welding. The catalyst pipe is provided surrounding the periphery of the heating tube and modification catalyst of the raw material gases is filled between the catalyst pipe and the heating tube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a reformer.    Reformer (1)    Heating tube (3)    Catalyst pipe (4)    Reforming pipe (5)    Combustor (8)    Butt welded portion (W)
NOVELTY - Waste material from organic foodstuff are processed by adding saccharides which makes the growth of lactobacillus and/or lactobacillus substrate. An intermediate processed material is obtained by lactobacillus fermentation process.    USE - For treating foodstuff waste material comprising organic substance, ejected from kitchen or food processing plants.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method enables to treat organic foodstuff waste material, efficiently and inexpensively without generating any bad smell. The intermediate processed material can be stored and transported easily. The processed material can be effectively utilized as feed and fertilizer. The method is economical and environment friendly.
NOVELTY - A metal supported catalyst (K) has catalytic activity during hydrogenation of hydrogen storage unit which has aromatic compound, and dehydrogenation of hydrogen supply unit which contains hydrogenated derivative of the aromatic compound. The catalyst comprises metal(s) of nickel, palladium, platinum, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, molybdenum, rhenium, tungsten, vanadium, osmium, chromium, cobalt and/or iron.    USE - For hydrogen storage and supply system (claimed) for fuel cells, used in residence.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogenation of aromatic compound and dehydrogenation of hydrogenated derivative of aromatic compound are performed stably and efficiently within a single container. The metal supported catalyst comprising specific active metal accelerates reversible hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of aromatic compound.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen storage and supply system which performs storage and supply of hydrogen by hydrogenation of hydrogen storage unit and dehydrogenation of hydrogen supply unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of hydrogen storage supply system.    Storage part (1)    Reaction container (2)    Product feed zone (3)    Gas separation part (4)    Recovery part (5)    Hydrogen feed zone (6)
NOVELTY - The paddle comprises an elongated rod (5b1) whose dipping end is provided with pair of sheets (5c1, 5c2). The sheets are arranged at an inclination, back to back, with a symmetry to the center axis of the rod.    USE - The paddles are used for rotary agitators in fermentation processing apparatus used for organic waste, live stock dung, domestic waste and sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of inclined back to back sheets enables fermentation temperature to be maintained. Power consumption is less, and the structure becomes economical and simple.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fermentation processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the paddle.    Elongated rod (5b1)    Sheets (5c1,5c2)
NOVELTY - The battery has a pair of stacks (1,3) which are provided at top and bottom portions of a main stack (2), respectively. Partition plates (7a,7b) are provided to manifolds (4a,4b) which are formed on sides of the stacks (2,3). A fuel inlet (5) and a fuel outlet (6) arranged at upper and lower portions of manifold (4a), supplies fuel to main stack and ejects exhaust gas from the stack (3), respectively.    USE - Pure hydrogen type fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of insufficient hydrogen is prevented. Stable operation is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of the pure hydrogen type fuel battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Stacks (1-3)    Manifolds (4a,4b)    Fuel inlet (5)    Fuel outlet (6)    Partition plates (7a,7b)
NOVELTY - Detection of toxic substances in water such as river water by controlling the temperature of biosensors containing film, and a dissolved oxygen electrode carrying the micro-organism, and comparing to a fixed value by sensor electric output, is new.    USE - For detecting environmental toxic substances in water such as sewage water, river water, lakes, and marsh water.    ADVANTAGE - The detection sensitivity of bio-sensor can be maintained at a high value. The quality of water can be monitored continuously, and consistently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The toxic substance detection method in water involves controlling the temperature of bio-sensors by comparing with a fixed value using the electric output of the bio-sensor. The bio-sensor comprises a film, and a dissolved oxygen electrode fixed with a microorganism.
NOVELTY - The immersed motor is operated using a working medium. Lines (20) in the form of pipes or hoses, provide for supply and return of the medium. A compressor supplies the medium. Lines pass through the gas region (4) and are sealed through the wall of the fermenter (2). The compressor is electrically driven, outside the fermenter.    USE - A biogas plant for fermentation of organic materials.    ADVANTAGE - Safer, more reliable operation is offered. The electrically-driven compressor is mounted outside the fermenter, away from the gas region, reducing the probability of ignition and explosion. As an alternative to air in the pneumatically-driven version, an inert gas can be used for increased safety (which would otherwise be compromised by a leak from the lines inside the fermenter). In the case of an inert gas, it can be continuously recirculated. Relatively thin lines can be employed, in a space-saving installation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred features: The immersed motor is hydraulic or pneumatic, with appropriate medium, circuitry and pump. Further similar drives may be provided for pumping, base scraper, protective units, valves, lifting- and swinging equipment. All motors are operable from a central compressor via a control unit (33). The stirrer is vertically-adjustable on a lifting unit, wound up by a cable drum. Lines for the medium are coiled around or attached to the cable, and may be wound on a separate drum with rotary couplings; these arrangements being further detailed. A telescopic tube may be used to contain the cable and/or medium lines. Further variants and details of arrangements providing the vertical adjustment are described.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic cross section of the fermenter is presented.    fermenter (2)    gas region (4)    lines in form of pipes or hoses (20)    control unit (33)
NOVELTY - The steam processor has a housing defining a chamber (4) for processing a flow of condensable steam with a sump (100) that collects the condensate condensed from the steam and a suction device (102) effectively connected to the sump to suck the condensate from the sump and to feed it back into the flow as steam at some point in the chamber. The sump can be in a region of high pressure operation with condensate fed back to a low pressure region.    USE - Steam processors, e.g. chemical reactors, heat exchangers, liquid gas separators, fuel cell and humidifiers.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement has an inexpensive feedback technique for removing condensate collecting in the sump of a steam processor and feeding it back into the flow of steam processed by the processor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a chemical reactor, a fuel processor for converting a liquid hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen gas for a fuel cell and a reaction chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a fuel processor    chamber (4)    sump (100)    suction device (102)
NOVELTY - Biomass fermentation apparatus comprising a tank equipped with a stirrer, a lid and at least one opening for introducing and withdrawing biomass has a lid made at least in part of an elastic material.    USE - The apparatus is useful for producing biogas from animal and vegetable waste.    ADVANTAGE - The elastic part of the lid can inflate to reduce the pressure in the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the apparatus, in which the lid comprises a middle layer of Styropor (RTM) sandwiched between a bottom layer of concrete and a top layer of plaster and has a central circular region that is perforated with 9 holes and is covered with a sheet of the elastic material.    Elastic material (15')    Holes (16)    Top layer (20)    Middle layer (21)    Bottom layer. (22)
NOVELTY - A high activity aerogenic agent for marsh gas features that it contains yeast and filamentous fungus besides powdered grass material and rice bran or wheat bran for increasing the temperature of methane-generating pool and gas-generating rate in the winter.
NOVELTY - Device for producing hydrogen for use in a fuel cell system for electric power generation, comprises stopping the device by a procedure in which the flow rate of a hydrocarbon fuel is gradually reduced, and simultaneously the flow rate of water is gradually increased.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows the avoidance of the deactivation of a catalyst due to the increase of its temperature beyond the limitation of heat resistance, the danger of the formation of a mixture of a hydrocarbon fuel as a raw material with an oxidizing gas containing oxygen, and the like, which may be caused when flow rates of the hydrocarbon fuel, the water and the oxidizing gas are randomly reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for operating a device for producing hydrogen for use in a fuel cell system for electric power generation, comprising stopping the device by a procedure wherein the flow rate of a hydrocarbon fuel is gradually reduced and simultaneously the flow rate of water is gradually increased, while maintaining the flow rate of an oxidizing gas at a constant level, and water and the oxidizing gas are stopped after the hydrocarbon fuel is stopped.
NOVELTY - A method for drying sludge for use as fuel and a system thereof are provided to treat the waste and sludge without subsidiary fuel during the incineration by drying waste and sludge in an indirect heating and drying method so as to obtain a desirable moisture content and adhering oil fraction to the target object to be burned, thereby increasing the heating value of the target object so as to make it a fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the processes of injecting a sludge so that a mixing ratio of the sludge to the oil is in the range of 1:0.5 to 1.5 after agitating and heating by transferring oil of an oil service tank (5), and then preheating to a heating temperature of 60 to 110 deg.C; transferring the preheated mixture to an evaporation dryer (6) in which the mixed sludge and oil are agitated and indirectly heated to a temperature of the contents of 60 to 110 deg.C as maintaining a degree of vacuum of 50 to 700 Torr with a vacuum pump and a condenser (10) so that the mixture of the sludge and oil is dried to a moisture content of 1 to 10% and an oil content of 5 to 20% of the sludge; transferring the material to a cushion tank (8) by vacuum; increasing a temperature of the resulting material to 90 to 130 deg.C at a post-heater before transferring to a centrifugal machine (9) for deoiling, wherein the discharged oil is transferred to an oil service tank (5) by vacuum for recycling; and continuously drying the sludge so that the sludge can be fueled with oil adhered to it as maintaining a certain oil content.
NOVELTY - A food waste drier drying treatment equipment of food waste is provided, which can dry the food waste by hot air generated from a boiler.    USE - For treatment of food waste.    ADVANTAGE - To supply heat to dry waste, waste tires are used as fuel. The dust from the boiler is collected, therefore no air pollution occurs. Further, the waste can be used as livestock feed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the following: (i) a crushing device (10) that has an inlet at the top, an outlet at the bottom and a crushing drum at the upper part and under the inlet, the drum surrounded by many cutters; (ii) a vinyl selecting device (20) that has a body including an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom, a rotating drum with many impellers, and a collecting box integral with the body; (iii) a drying device (60) that has a drying chamber, wherein many drying drums are installed and waste is dried while moving from top to bottom by heat generated at a boiler (71), and the effluent gas from the drying chamber is passed through dust collectors (80,90); (iv) a crushing device (30) that has a cutter; (v) a foreign material removing device; and (vi) a hopper.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the food waste treatment apparatus.    crusher (10,30)    vinyl selector (20)    drier (60)    boiler (71)    dust collectors (80,90)
NOVELTY - An adjusting unit adjusts moisture content in processing chamber accommodating organic refuse which is decomposed by microorganism carrier. Detected moisture content by a sensor is judged, based on the predetermined moisture content data depending on the usage period of microorganism carrier. A control unit controls moisture content adjustment unit.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus with moisture content control.    ADVANTAGE - Because of controller, optimum control of moisture content is performed depending on usage period of microorganism carrier. Moisture content is detected accurately using the sensor.
NOVELTY - The processing method involves passing liquid containing waste material through a separator (11) to separate solid scum, which is dried under vacuum state. The dried solid is fermented to form compost, whereas biological oxidation and deodorization processes are carried out on the liquid drained through the separator.    USE - For processing liquid containing waste in organic refuse treatment device.    ADVANTAGE - Since processing is carried out in vacuum state, bad smell and liquid leak outside are prevented and processing efficiency increases. Efficient processing is performed and suspended solids are more reliably removed with the simple installation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of the processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Separator (11)
NOVELTY - Plant oil heated at preset temperature is added with reclaimed goods, to which calcium hydroxide catalyst is added and processed. The resulting mixture is heated, neutralized and liquefied to obtain fuel in desired form.    USE - To obtain fuel from reclaimed goods like abandoned paper diapers, containers and waste plastic (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Reclaimed goods are effectively and economically recycled to obtain fuel. The fuel is of low cost and is safely burnt. Discharge of harmful gases during the manufacturing process is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Plant oil stored in a pot is heated by process (1), to 110-180degreesC. Abandoned paper diaper, tickets and/or laminated paper are charged by injection process (5), to the plant oil. Moisture content in the mixture is evaporated and softening dissolution is performed. Calcium hydroxide catalyst is then added in heating-mixing process (8), and heating-mixing is performed at 220-350degreesC. Neutralization is performed by addition of calcium chloride, and hydrogen chloride gas is removed. Liquefaction process (14) is performed by heating and liquefying at 200-350degreesC by adding waste oil of plant oil or mineral oil to the mixture. The fuel formation process (17) processes liquefying fuel, liquid fuel containing granule-like solid substance or a gel-like fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process drawing of fuel manufacture. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Plant oil heating process (1)    Injection process (5)    Heating-mixing process (8)    Liquefaction process (14)    Fuel formation process (17)
NOVELTY - An apparatus for monitoring waste water toxicity comprises a branch line (L2) which extracts a part of waste water from an inflow line (L1) of an anaerobic waste water treatment installation (P). A monitoring reactor (1) equipped with a gas detector (2) for detecting existence of bio-gas, supports anaerobic microorganism. The branch line is connected to the reactor.    USE - For anaerobic waste water treatment installation, for detecting toxic materials in industrial waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The waste water toxicity monitoring apparatus effectively detects presence of toxic materials in waste water before treating with anaerobic microbes. The apparatus prevents reduction of anaerobic microbes in the anaerobic waste water treatment installation (P), by reliably monitoring toxicity, and thus enables stable anaerobic waste water treatment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for anaerobic waste water treatment, which involves removing a part of waste water before introducing into the treatment installation and treating it with anaerobic microorganisms. The bio-gas generated is monitored, and in-flow of waste water to the anaerobic waste water treatment installation (P) is stopped, when bio-gas generated has reached a predetermined amount.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a toxicity monitoring apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Monitoring reactor (1)    Gas detector (2)    Anaerobic treatment part (4)    Tabular magnets (5)    Support part (6)    Storage part (9)    Exhaust valve (10)    Counter (11)    Substrate feed zone (15)    Heater (18)    Inflow line (L1)    Branch line (L2)    Anaerobic waste water treatment installation (P)
NOVELTY - A bucket (1) loaded with compost during which a stirring blade (5) is moved away from the opening of the bucket. After loading, bucket is lifted to predetermined height and the compost is cut into smaller pieces using a rotating stirring blade. The cut compost is evacuated by extrusion arms (3) externally, during which the bucket is tilted.    USE - Compost turning-over method for livestock excrement used as fertilizer in agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - The loading, cutting and evacuation of compost are performed using a bucket and stirring blade, unnecessary components such as wheel loader are eliminated. As compost is cut into finer pieces by stirring blade, air permeation is favorable, which accelerates the fermentation process of compost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of bucket for compost turning-over method.    Bucket (1)    Extrusion arms (3)    Stirring blade (5)
NOVELTY - Several pipes (1-4) are arranged concentrically by providing space between them. Gas is burnt in the catalyst combustion tube and heat is transferred to the catalyst recovery tube and exhaust gas pipe (9). Water circulated in the hollow coil (5) placed within the exhaust gas pipe is heated and steam is generated.    USE - For fuel cells for reforming hydrocarbon gas such as LP gas with water vapor for manufacturing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The size of the hydrocarbon gas reformer is reduced, as water vapor generator and reformer are integrated as a single unit. Thus energy loss due to heat release, is reduced. The starting time of hydrocarbon gas reformer is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The generated steam is sent to the catalyst recovery tube containing raw material gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the hydrocarbon gas reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pipes (1-4)    Hollow coil (5)    Exhaust gas pipe (9)
NOVELTY - The waste is graded and/or mixed to obtain a homogenous mixture (14) before introducing it into a chemical reactor (10). An aqueous solution is added to obtain a water content by weight of 50-90 parts water to 100 parts dry waste. A strong base is then added and the mixture undergoes an exothermic reaction and dehydration to obtain a dehydrated product with a basic pH.    USE - Conversion of heterogeneous waste into a homogenous product which can be used as a fertilizer or fuel without polluting the environment    ADVANTAGE - This process is kind to the environment and can be scaled up for industrial use whilst ensuring that the use of quicklime is controlled to prevent damage to equipment or environment    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) A device for carrying out the above process, with means of grading and/or mixing the waste to obtain a mixture (14), a chemical reactor (10), means (6, 9) of introducing an aqueous solution into the reactor, means (17) of supplying a basic product, means (12, 13) of grading and/or crushing the resulting mixture and means of storing the mixture in the presence of air during an oxidation period of one or more hours. The means of crushing is an endless screw with cutters. A recovery circuit (28) washes the gases (27) from the reaction and feeds the water back into the reactor. There are also means (16, 18) of supplying liquid and/or solid catalysts and reactants; and    (2) The product formed by this process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of one form of the invention.    Solid waste (2)    Liquid waste (7)    Reactor (10)    Mixture (14)    Reactants and liquid catalyst (15)    Powdered solid catalyst (19)    Large vessel (24)    Recovery circuit (28)
NOVELTY - Concentration and composition of biomass is measured by estimating cell concentration in a culture by measuring the electrical impedance of medium in biomass at various frequencies of 1 KHz to 20 MHz. The electrical impedance is measured in a cell-free and cell-containing regions. Information is obtained from the measurements of cell-free area on variation in conductivity of extra-cellular medium (sigmae).    USE - For measuring the concentration and composition of biomass in active sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to measure low concentration of biomass in active sludge. The method enables to detect whether the culture is contaminated with cells of different type.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Concentration and composition of biomass is measured by estimating the cellular concentration in a culture by measuring the electrical impedance of the medium in the biomass at various frequencies of 1 KHz to 20 MHz. The electrical impedance is measured in two regions of medium. One medium is cell-free and other medium contain cells. The measurements are made with sets of identical electrodes which are connected to frontal stages of measurement system. Information is obtained from measurements of cell-free area on variation in the conductivity of the extra-cellular medium (sigmae). The information is used to correct the estimate of cellular concentration of culture in the cell-containing region.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) probe for measuring biomass in two regions of a bioreactor which comprises two measurement regions of equal size (one region is covered with a mesh which does not allow the cells under analysis to pass, while the other region is in direct contact with the cell containing culture); and    (ii) cell for surface cell cultures, which comprises two sets of measurement electrodes (one of the electrode is set in a biocompatible region and the other electrode is set in non-compatible region).
NOVELTY - Pyrolyzing plastic comprises preparing a mixture of a plastic as a material to be treated and an unsaturated fatty acid oil as an additive, heating the mixture at 300-450degreesC to thermally decompose the mixture, and removing a gas component produced in the heating process of the plastic.    USE - For pyrolyzing a plastic to produce a pyrolysate in liquid or solid state which is useful as a substitution for oil asphalts or as an additive to oil asphalts (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method eliminates defects encountered in the prior art, and can be operated easily and safely with reduced cost while keeping quality of chemical properties for oil products being synthesized high. It also provides pyrolysate that can be directly reused as a recycle material without affecting a refinement to the product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system (1) for pyrolyzing a plastic comprising a melting and mixing tank, a material charging mechanism, a supply unit (5) for supplying an unsaturated fatty acid oil to the melting and mixing tank, a pyrolysis tank (3), an evaporator, a heater (2), and a discharging unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an apparatus for thermally decomposing plastics.    System (1)    Heater (2)    Pyrolysis tank (3)    Supply unit (5)
NOVELTY - A solid waste (1) is treated with organic fraction by sieving slurry (4, 7) of waste that has been diluted with water (3) using sieving device. The device lets pieces through having a dimension in at least one direction, preferably at least two standing directions, which is 2-20 mm. A part of the ferrous metals present in the waste is removed from the waste by magnets. The slurry is dewatered.    USE - For treating solid waste with organic fraction.    ADVANTAGE - The invented method obtains end products, which do not contain large proportions of heavy metals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram of a sieving device.    Waste (1)    Water (3)    Slurry (4, 7)    Ferrous metals (8)
NOVELTY - Alcohol (such as methanol) and water are made to contact with catalyst, to form hydrogen. The catalyst comprises palladium or ruthenium on cerium-promoted zirconia or alumina, or palladium-ruthenium alloy on alumina or zirconia.    USE - For steam reforming of alcohols such as methanol (claimed) for forming hydrogen gas used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables high conversions (preferably, 85%) of alcohol such as methanol at relatively short contact time (preferably, 10-500 msec), selectivity control and low temperature operation, by using palladium on zinc oxide catalyst, or catalyst comprising palladium-ruthenium alloy on alumina or zirconia, or catalyst comprising palladium or ruthenium on cerium-promoted zirconia or alumina.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) methanol steam reforming method involving contacting methanol and water vapor with a catalyst comprising palladium on zinc oxide catalyst, with 20% of its' pore volume composed of pores with a size of 0.1-300 microns, to form hydrogen at a rate of 1.5 mole methanol per gram catalyst per hour;and    (2) a fuel processing system comprising a fuel source connected to a reactor containing palladium on zinc oxide catalyst, and a fuel cell connected to the reactor such that the hydrogen gas generated in the reactor flows into the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A flame monitoring unit (220) with a flame rod (219) detects flame in combustion chamber. A heat gas supply unit mixes high calorie gas with the low calorie gas and supplies to the combustion chamber, while the flame is detected.    USE - For solid polymer fuel cell electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The flame in the combustion chamber is effectively detected by the provision of flame rod in the flame monitoring unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell electricity generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the process gas burner. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Flame rod (219)    Flame monitoring unit (220)
NOVELTY - A reformed gas containing H2 and CO is generated from a hydrogen group fuel in a fuel modifier (6). A CO transformer (7) performs a water gas shift reaction of the generated gas to obtain H2 and CO2 from the CO in the generated gas. An oxygen supply unit feeds oxygen to the CO transformer, so that combustion reaction of H2 is performed at a predetermined time from the time of start-up in CO transformer.    USE - In fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables generation of H2 reliably, rapidly increasing temperature, and enhances life of CO transformer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell co-generation type hot water supply system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel modifier (6)    CO Transformer (7)
NOVELTY - A methane refinery processing installation comprises adsorber (17) filled with molecular sieve charcoal (18) which adsorbs carbon dioxide selectively. Digestive gas is supplied to the adsorber with pressure, and the charcoal adsorbs and removes carbon dioxide selectively in digestive gas. The pressure in the adsorber is reduced and molecular sieve charcoal is regenerated.    USE - For refining digestive gas generated from organic type waste liquid and waste materials such as domestic waste, sewage, organic refuse and livestock waste.    ADVANTAGE - Organic waste liquid or waste material is purified easily, efficiently and reliably to form high concentration and high purity methane. Sulfide and moisture content in digestive gas is removed easily and efficiently. The processing of waste is inexpensive, and the need of special apparatus is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A methane refinery processing installation (2) treats digestive gas generated from methane fermentation of organic type waste liquid and waste material. The processing installation comprises adsorber filled with molecular sieve charcoal which adsorbs carbon dioxide selectively. Digestive gas is supplied to the adsorber with pressure, and the charcoal adsorbs and removes carbon dioxide selectively in digestive gas. The pressure in the adsorber is reduced and molecular sieve charcoal is regenerated. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for livestock waste treatment facility which has methane fermentation, and the waste water from the installation is passed to waste water treatment installation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows systematic diagram of methane refinery processing installation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Methane refinery processing installation (2)    Desulfurizer (12)    Adsorber (17)    Molecular sieve charcoal (18)    Dehumidification agent (19)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has reformer (3) which reforms hydrocarbon group fuel to heating gas containing hydrogen, and fuel cell (4) which receives the heating gas. Electromotive force is obtained by the electrochemical reaction of the heating gas. The reformer has plasma discharge device (32) which plasmifies hydrocarbon group fuel.    USE - As power source e.g. in electric motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The reforming of hydrocarbon fuel is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformer (3)    Fuel cell (4)    Plasma discharge device (32)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon synthesis comprises contacting a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) with a catalyst in a three-phase reactor in which the liquid Peclet number (Pel) is between 0 (excluded) and 10.    USE - The process is useful for producing Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons for use in the production of fuels and lubricants.    ADVANTAGE - Controlling Pel controls the temperature differential in the reactor in favor of the production of hydrocarbons containing 2 or more carbon atoms (C2+), allowing C2+ selectivities of more than 60% (preferably more than 90%) to be achieved at CO conversions above 60% (preferably above 90%), and reduces catalyst deactivation rates.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plot of temperature differential (DeltaT) versus Pel for an unspecified reactor.
NOVELTY - Preparation of bio-fertilizer via fungal propagation comprising compaction of a homogeneous mixture of a substrate carrying material for fungal preparation of shrub mycorrhiza and paper after detoxification, where the resulting granulate is a low-cost product suitable for both large-scale and e.g. greenhouse use.    USE - In agriculture as bio-fertilizer.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a pollutionless high-effective composite fertilizer and its production process. It is formed from a chemically and physically combined growth unit including a fibrous matrix capable of storing water, an aquagel crystal sponge structure, a polarization agent, a gel-like surfactant and a small quantity of inert microbial covering layer. Its production process is as follows: its raw material is pulverized, and made into fine fibre, then the fine fibre material is fed into reactor to remove its soft core portion, and mixed with other ingredients in turn, and then fed into a granulating machine to form granule material, then passed through the electromagnetic field to implement polarization treatment, finally packaged and left the factory.
NOVELTY - A method (I) for forming soil comprises using leftovers of food and waste lime which prevents reduction of resources, secondary contamination and acidification of the soil and fertilizes the soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method (I) comprises:    (i) after eliminating a large amount of water contained in various leftovers of food, decomposing it for about one week;    (ii) after mixing 1000 grams of decomposed leftovers of food with each 5-10 grams of EMbadomonas bacteria and E.coli Marxianus bacteria, fermenting the mixture with keeping a temperature at 65-85degreesC for 14-28 days; and    (iii) stirring 51% of fermented leftovers of food and 49% of general soil, wooden materials and other leaves with a stirrer.
NOVELTY - Provided is a method and system for treating livestock wastewater using microorganisms derived from soil, in which slurry phase of livestock wastewater is effectively composted by microorganisms and treated water is recycled to the first aeration tank as well as used for wash-water of a pigsty.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system consists of a retention tank(2) for storing livestock wastewater; four aeration tanks (4,5,6,7) for decomposing organics; a chemical conditioning tank(14); a settling tank(14) for separation of liquid and solid; a storage tank (18) for storing treated wastewater; a thickening tank(22) for dehydrating settled sludge in a settling tank; a window(23) for fermenting thickened sludge. In the system, discharged water from a storage tank(8) is returned to the first aeration tank(4) for activating microorganisms and used for wash water of a pigsty. For eliminating odorous gases arising from indole, scatole, ammonia, mercaptan, etc., microorganisms derived from soil such as Streptomyces sp, Bacillus sp, and Pseudomonas sp are inoculated into wastewater. This system is closed-system, so there is no waste discharges to territory outsides.
NOVELTY - A quartz rotary kiln (1) comprising a quartz glass pipe is provided with an injection feeder (3) in one side of the kiln, to charge primary carbide (9) before activation. A water vapor feed pipe (8) to supply water vapor into the kiln and a radiating type heater (7) to heat the primary carbide by radio active heat, are provided outside the kiln.    USE - For gas treatment or water treatment of primary carbide, to obtain activated carbon.    ADVANTAGE - Since quartz glass is used as reaction container material, radiation heating of primary carbide is efficiently performed. Specific surface area of the obtained activated carbon is improved sharply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the activated carbon manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Quartz rotary kiln (1)    Injection feeder (3)    Discharge pipe (5)    Feeder (6)    Radiating type heater (7)    Water vapor feed pipe (8)    Primary carbide (9)
NOVELTY - Fuel reformer consists of combustor (14) which supplies combustion gas to modifier (12), and heat carrier circulating system (16). Heating gas, water vapor and oxygen gas are supplied to modifier, forming hydrogen gas. When temperature of heat carrier is reduced, oxygen gas is supplied to modifier, oxidation reaction is accelerated, and heat carrier is circulated between combustor and modifier.    USE - The fuel reformer is used as a fuel cell used as electric power unit in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The heat carrier is heated quickly using the oxidation reaction. Temperature of heat carrier is increased, without supplying high temperature gas to the modifier from combustor, and initiation time of fuel reformer is reduced. Stable state of the fuel reformer is attained in a short time and the load fluctuation resistance is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for initiation of fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (12)    Combustor (14)    Heat carrier circulating system (16)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst contains a zeolite support having a silica-alumina ratio of 50 or more, carrying platinum and ruthenium. The zeolite support is MFI type zeolite, beta-form zeolite and USY type zeolite.    USE - As a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst for carbon monoxide concentration reduction in methanol reformed gas.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon monoxide concentration in methanol reformed gas is reduced efficiently in a larger temperature area with a reduced amount of oxygen introduction, using the catalyst. The carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst has high hydrophobicity of zeolite and prevents adsorption of water on the surface of the catalyst. Catalytic reaction inhibition is reduced. Selective oxidation property of the catalyst is improved. Carbon monoxide concentration in methanol reformed gas is reduced effectively without hydrogen concentration reduction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbon monoxide concentration reduction.
NOVELTY - A catalyst for removing carbon monoxide in gas containing hydrogen is manufactured by mixing ruthenium compound and alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound. The above mixed solution is applied on a fire-proof inorganic oxide support.    USE - For removing carbon monoxide in gas containing hydrogen used for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has excellent carbon monoxide oxidation removal effect. The catalyst is prepared easily by simultaneous coating of metal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) A catalyst for carbon monoxide removal in gas containing hydrogen which is obtained by coating mixture of ruthenium compound and alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal compound on fire-proof inorganic oxide support; and    (ii) Removal of carbon monoxide in gas containing hydrogen which involves oxidizing carbon monoxide and removing with oxygen using the catalyst.
NOVELTY - Process for shortening the cold start time of a CO oxidation catalyst (8) in a reformate gas of a fuel cell system (6) of a vehicle comprises adsorbing start-delaying gas components from the reformate gas in an adsorber (1) during the cooling phase after switching off the vehicle.    USE - Used in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Coating of pores and active centers of the catalyst surface with start-delaying gas components is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for carrying out the process comprising an adsorber (1) limited by a housing (2) and having a pipe for introducing the reformate gas. The space between the outer housing and the pipe is filled with adsorber material. Preferred Features: The adsorber is arranged upstream of the CO oxidation catalyst. Additional air is added to the adsorber. The reformate gas is produced in a thermally insulated reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the adsorber in the gas flow of a fuel cell system.    adsorber (1)    housing (2)    fuel cell system (6)    CO oxidation catalyst (8)
NOVELTY - A solid state electrochemical device comprises horizontal gas flow passages (26) for conducting a process gas, and vertical gas flow passages (42) communicating with the horizontal passages.    USE - For fuel cell (claimed), electrolysis cell, heat exchanger, chemical exchange apparatus, and oxygen sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The vertical passages result in uniform distribution of process gas, thus reducing the occurrence of harmful hot spots. These passages provide greater active cathode-electrolyte-anode surface area for achieving higher power densities, as well as anode-electrolyte continuity about the circumference of each tube. This represents a low cost method for maximizing fuel cell active surface area.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell assembly comprising a solid state electrochemical device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an assembled fuel cell stack.    Tube (24)    Horizontal gas passage (26)    Vertical gas passage (42)    Sheet (44)
NOVELTY - A liquid fuel is made from agricultural waste by mixing the waste with water and/or hydrogen gas in a reactor; heating the mixture to 300-400 degrees C for 15-90 minutes; cooling the mixture; and removing gas and liquid from the reactor.    USE - The method produces liquid fuel from agricultural waste, e.g. animal manure. It may produce a byproduct, i.e. ash, which may be employed as fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The method may be economically performed on a farm so that the need to transport the agricultural waste to a processing facility is eliminated. Environmental hazards are minimized and undesirable manure odors are eliminated. A liquid fuel having a high heating BTU value (greater than 15,000 BTU) per pound of fuel is produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a conversion apparatus comprising a source of hydrogen gas and/or water (12); a source of agricultural waste (2); a pressure vessel (16, 20) for receiving and pressurizing waste and hydrogen gas and/or water; a reactor (42); a heater (50, 52); a cooler (60); and a separator (70) for removing gas, oil, water, and solids from the cooled mixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conversion apparatus for use in the production of liquid fuel.    Source of agricultural waste (2)    Source of water (12)    Pressure vessel (16, 20)    Reactor (42)    Heater (50, 52)    Cooler (60)    Separator (70)
NOVELTY - Production of an organic fertilizer comprises mixing and holding water-containing organic waste and microbes decomposing organic materials into a compost in a chamber (3), sealing for heating at a specified temperature to vaporize water in the waste and to produce an organic fertilizer via decomposing the organic materials.    USE - The organic fertilizers are used for agricultural purposes.    ADVANTAGE - The production process is quick and odorless.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of an organic fertilizer comprises mixing and holding a water-containing organic waste and microbes decomposing organic materials into a compost in a chamber (3) freely openable with airtight closure, sealing for heating in combination with evacuation in such a manner that the boiling temperature of the water in it is lower than that of the fermentation heat of the organic waste due to decomposition of organic materials by the microbes to vaporize water in the waste and at the same time to produce an organic fertilizer via decomposing the organic materials. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an apparatus for producing an organic fertilizer comprising a chamber (3), heater (2), mixer (9) and pressure-reducing device for carrying out the fermentation process to decompose an organic waste with microbes under control;    (2) a method for producing microbes suitable for treating an organic waste by culturing microbes using the method for producing organic fertilizers before separation; and    (3) a similar method for producing microbes for organic fertilizer production by selecting a microbe with tolerance to a subject material before mixing with the organic material-containing waste and culturing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A system with an apparatus for producing organic fertilizers.    Holding body (1)    heater (2)    chamber (3)    vacuum pump (4)    condenser (6)    mixer (9)    flow-paths (13, 14)
NOVELTY - A fuel processor has a shell, a hydrogen-producing region and a separation region that separates the mixed gas stream into a hydrogen-rich stream forming the product hydrogen stream comprising hydrogen gas and a byproduct stream. Part of the fuel processor is a modular component that can be accessed, removed, and replaced as a unit into an operational position of the fuel processor.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas.    ADVANTAGE - The processor is applicable in any fuel processing system or fuel cell system in which hydrogen gas is produced for delivery to a fuel cell stack or other hydrogen-consuming device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel processor comprises a shell; a hydrogen-producing region at least partially contained within the shell; and a separation region that receives the mixed gas stream. The separation region separates the mixed gas stream into a hydrogen-rich stream, forming at least a substantial portion of the product hydrogen stream and containing hydrogen gas, and a byproduct stream containing other gases. A portion of the fuel processor is a modular component that is adapted to be accessed, removed from and replaced as a unit into an operational position of the fuel processor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of a cartridge-based fuel processor.    Reforming region (32)    Separation region (38)    Filter assembly (60)
NOVELTY - Catalyst contains platinum and chlorine deposited on mixture of alumina promoted with titanium and zirconium oxide promoted with sulfate so that following molar ratios are assured:.    USE - Isomerization catalysts.    ADVANTAGE - Increased catalyst stability during isomerization process. 2 cl, 1 tbl, 4 ex
NOVELTY - A blending fuel prepared by using sewage sludge and waste petroleum coke is provided in which the waste petroleum coke improves insufficient calorific value of the sewage sludge and has low percentage of calcic components so that it could reduce the amount of supplementary fuel used when incinerating the sewage sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The blending fuel is prepared by using sewage sludge and waste petroleum coke, wherein 40-90wt.% of waste petroleum coke is added to the swage sludge. The blending fuel has calorific value of 4,844-7.913 kilocalorie/kilogram and calcic components percentage of 31.63-7.00.
NOVELTY - A high temperature aerobe is mixed with a rice bran mixture or rice bran and a bran, and a microbe blended support is obtained. The support is fermented, by mixing an organic refuse to the support. The organic refuse is dried, and fermentation is interrupted, to form a fodder of the organic refuse.    USE - For fodder formation of organic refuse eliminated from industries, department stores and hotels.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse is utilized efficiently as raw material for a favorable feed.
NOVELTY - Primary and secondary air blow-in lines (6a,8a) coupled in combustion and reinforcement zones are connected together. Another air blow-in line (22) for blowing in heated air is connected to the dry zone.    USE - Vertical self-sustained combustion-type carbonization furnace for burning organic waste, e.g. paper sludge, livestock dung, sewage sludge, juice and tea, to produce charcoal.    ADVANTAGE - When the temperature of the dry zone becomes less than the fixed temperature, heated air is passed via the air blow-in line, thus combustion process stoppage is prevented and process efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a general view of the blow-in line configuration in a vertical self-sustained combustion-type carbonization furnace.    Air blow-in lines (6a,8a,22)
NOVELTY - Water vapor, air and methanol are made to react in the presence of a catalyst component that includes zinc as main composition, and has metal support. The metal support is made up of metal or metal alloy having thermal conductivity of about 20 W/m asterisk at 300K, where metal is selected from group containing Cu, Ag, Au, and Al.    USE - For hydrogen synthesis for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Catalyst can be used stably for long period, as catalyst temperature is equalized with self heat supply type methanol modification reaction vessel. As catalyst support of predefined thermal conductivity is used, methanol reaction rate is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the graphical representation explaining change of catalyst layer temperature difference by reaction time. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A water heater has a burner (1) of a catalyst combustion system. A pair of fuel supply routes are connected to the burner to supply the hot gas and modified hot gas by oxidation in the modifier during starting of burner, respectively.    USE - For heating water using town gas as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The ignition start property of the burner is improved, since the modified heating gas by oxidation reaction in modifier, is supplied to the burner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a water heater.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the water heater. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Burner (1)
NOVELTY - Production of electrical energy comprises working up organic waste material into liquid fuel by thermal cracking high molecular hydrocarbons; heating a heat carrier oil with the liquid fuel in a heater; and vaporizing an organic working liquid from a thermoelectric generator with the heated carrier oil in a vaporizer so that the organic vapor drives a turbine connected to a generator and the waste vapor is liquefied in a condenser and fed to the vaporizer.    USE - Used as an energy source.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus has a long service life.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for producing electrical energy and waste heat comprising a waste preparation device (1), a heat carrier oil heater (2), and a thermoelectric generator with a vaporizer (4), a turbine (6) connected to a turbogenerator (5), a condenser (7) and a pump (8) for recycling the organic liquid to the vaporizer.    Preferred Features: Cracking is carried out in a mixing screw while mixing with a solid inert material such as quartz sand or slag. The inert material has a temperature of 450-650 degrees C.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a simplified view of the apparatus for producing electrical energy.    waste preparation device (1)    heat carrier oil heater (2)    vaporizer (4)    turbogenerator (5)    turbine (6)    condenser (7)    pump (8)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has an anode (7), a cathode (9), an electrolyte layer (8) between them and electrode spaces in which either the anode or cathode is mounted. A number of channels (14) in at least one electrode space mechanically separate part of the operating medium introduced from the electrode. The channels extend in the flow direction of the operating medium and are significantly shorter than the electrode space.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a good temperature distribution to be achieved in operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a method of operating a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of the stacking of two cells    anode (7)    cathode (9)    electrolyte layer (8)    channels (14)
NOVELTY - The highly effective multilayer breeding farm is characterized by that under the ground surface, a methane tank is set up; on the methane tank above ground surface, the fish breeding layer, livestock and fowl breeding layer and economic crop breeding and cultivating layer are set up. The breeding farm utilizes wastes discharged from all breeding layers as raw materials to produce methane, and utilizes the methane as fuel for thermal insulation of the breeding layers, and uses the liquid in the methane tank as fertilizer and provides it for above-layer crops, and utilizes residue in the methane tank and makes it into feed through the puffing process for livestock and fishes.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a new application of methane to producing honeycombed briquettes, which is based on two Chinese patents with application numbers 98108157.6 and 98108159.2, and the resultant honeycombed briquettes    USE - Can be used for boiler, kiln and furnace to smelt iron and steel.    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages are saving energy and environment protection.
NOVELTY - Using refuse to produce a coal substitute includes screening, crushing, dewatering, mixing with additives and extrusion shaping.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell power generation method utilizing the methane fermentation of organic matter comprising of methane fermentation, pretreatment, and hydrogen production steps, respectively, is new.    USE - The fuel cell power generation method allows for the recovery of chemical energy of organic matter in the form of hydrogen-containing gas. This method is also applicable to methane fermentation gas produced in landfills.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen gas obtained in the reaction is converted to electric energy with high efficiency compared to prior art methods. Unlike methods such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA), power for altering the pressure of the gas is unnecessary, the recovery of methane is higher, and the running cost is significantly reduced. The concentration of methane in the gas is controlled at a constant level by varying the flow rate or temperature of (VII) during (VI), increasing the energy efficiency of the process. This method also has a significantly reduced environmental load.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell power generation method utilizing the methane fermentation of organic matter, comprises:    (i) subjecting organic matter to a methane fermentation step (I) to yield a digestion gas (II);    (ii) a pretreatment step (III) for pre-treating (II);    (iii) producing hydrogen containing gas (IV) from (II); and    (iv) a fuel cell power generation step for supplying (IV) to a fuel cell (V) to produce electricity.    (III) comprises an alkaline absorption step (VI) for absorbing carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide contained in (II) into an alkaline absorbent solution (VII).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell power generation system.
NOVELTY - Organic compounds, i.e. dimethyl oxalate (DMO), glyoxylic acid or its methyl esters, glyoxylic aldehyde, poly(ethylene oxalate), or ethylene glycol (EG) or its oxalic, glyoxalic or formic esters, are used as fuels in non-alkaline fuel cells.    USE - For non-alkaline fuel cells, e.g. acidic liquid feed direct oxidation fuel cells, which are useful in a hybrid power source (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The use of the above organic compounds as fuels in fuel cells results in low crossover current and high efficiency. These organic compounds have higher boiling points than methanol, thus transporting through the proton conducting membrane in liquid phase at smaller diffusion coefficient. They maintain low concentration because they have lower solubility in water, and allow easier handling.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a direct oxidation fuel cell, comprising:    (a) an anode;    (b) a cathode;    (c) a proton conducting membrane between the anode and the cathode;    (d) mechanism for storing or supplying an organic fuel to the anode; and    (e) mechanism for supplying oxygen to the cathode;    (B) a method for evaluating the concentration of fuels in a solution, at a predetermined temperature, comprising:    (1) preparing calibration curves of crossover current against fuel concentration in the fuel cell;    (2) measuring the crossover current, and    (3) evaluating the fuel concentration from the measured crossover current and from the calibration curves; and    (C) a hybrid power source comprising:    (i) the above fuel cell(s);    (ii) a direct current-to-direct current converter, and    (iii) a rechargeable battery.
NOVELTY - The dosing unit (10) has a feed pump with a feed line (16) for the educt flow, a control piston (12) and a differential pressure valve (14), for regulating the educt flow via an adjustable throttle cross-section (39), responding to the flow pressure provided by the control piston, which has 2 connection lines (28,29) leading to the differential pressure valve.    USE - The dosing unit is used for supplying a liquid and/or gas educt to a fuel cell system, e.g. for an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The device uses a relatively simple delivery pump for supplying 2 different liquid media, e.g. water and methanol.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Also included are INDEPENDENT CLAIMS for the following:    (a) a dosing method for a liquid or gas educt;    (b) an application of a dosing unit for a liquid educt for a fuel cell reformer    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a dosing unit for a liquid and/or gas educt.    Dosing unit (10)    Control piston (12)    Differential pressure valve (14)    Feed line (16)    Connection lines (28,29)    Adjustable throttle cross-section (39)
NOVELTY - The supply device provides at least 2 different liquid media (M1,M2) via delivery pump, with a pressure transmission unit (20) between the 2 liquid media having a pressure transmission element (2) with 2 pressure surfaces (D1,D2) in contact with the respective media, e.g. a piston, bellows and/or a membrane.    USE - The supply device is used for supplying at least 2 different liquid media to a fuel cell system, e.g. for an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The device uses a relatively simple delivery pump for supplying 2 different liquid media, e.g. water and methanol.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for an automobile provided with a liquid media supply device for a fuel cell is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a piston pressure transmission element between 2 different liquid media.    Pressure transmission element (2)    Pressure transmission unit (20)    Pressure surfaces (D1,D2)    Liquid media (M1,M2)
NOVELTY - When a reformed gas to be supplied to the hydrogen pole of a solid polymer fuel cell (1) and air to be supplied to the oxygen pole are humidified to an almost vapor saturation condition, heating for obtaining the vapor is not needed to enhance a thermal efficiency of a fuel cell system.    USE - Humidifying device for fuel cell in which vapor in hydrogen pole exhaust gas is passed through permeable membrane    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - For that purpose, vapor contained in a hydrogen pole exhaust gas exhausted from the hydrogen pole of a fuel cell is passed through a vapor permeable membrane (34) and supplied to air introduced to a partial oxidation reforming unit (6), and vapor contained in an oxygen pole exhaust gas exhausted from the oxygen pole is passed through the vapor permeable membrane and supplied to air supplied to the oxygen pole of the cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the humidifying apparatus for fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A reforming catalyst for use in a steam reforming reaction of a hydrocarbon-based fuel, comprises a compound containing copper, zinc, zirconium, and manganese and/or yttrium.    USE - For use in a steam reforming reaction of a hydrocarbon-based fuel such as saturated hydrocarbon-based fuels such as methane, ethane, etc., unsaturated hydrocarbon-based fuels such as ethylene, propylene, etc., and other alcohols such as ethanol, particularly methanol, etc..    ADVANTAGE - The reforming catalyst for hydrocarbon-based fuel has improved durability and capability. Small amount of acetic acid formed in steam reforming reaction of the hydrocarbon-based fuel, in particular, of methanol, which degrades the capability or durability of the reforming catalyst is decomposed by the manganese and/or yttrium contained in the catalyst. Acetic acid causing deterioration in the capability and durability of the catalyst is reduced or eliminated, thereby capability and durability of the catalyst is improved. The methanol reforming catalyst obtained after baking is used immediately without being further processed. The methanol reforming catalyst is coated on the surfaces of the monolithic honeycomb such as a honeycomb tube, and monolithic catalyst is formed. The degree of freedom in designing the contact area per unit volume is increased, so that the steam reforming of methanol is efficiently performed. Since methanol reforming catalyst is subjected to hydrogen reduction at 200-400 degreesC, the methanol reforming catalyst does not undergo sintering with sharp temperature rise at the start of the use of catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for;    (1) Monolithic catalyst which comprises the reforming catalyst coated on a surface of a monolithic honeycomb; and    (2) Production of the reforming catalyst which involves mixing oxides of copper, zinc, zirconium and manganese and/or yttrium to obtain a mixed oxide.
NOVELTY - In a gas separation system, a source of raw gas containing methane and other gaseous components, is cooled at atmospheric pressure in the presence of a liquid to a temperature at which other gases are absorbed without change of state in the liquid leaving pure, dry methane.    USE - The system is used in anaerobic digesters.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency and stability of the digester are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) production of a raw gas containing methane and other gases in an anaerobic digestion system, with means for misting the gas with process water separated from sludge in the system to cool the gas at atmospheric pressure to a temperature at which the other gases are absorbed without change of state leaving dry methane gas; and    (2) use of the methane to power a refrigeration system which cools the gas separation system.
NOVELTY - A xenobiotic is biodegraded by preparing aqueous phase comprising microorganism capable of metabolizing xenobiotic, preparing organic phase comprising xenobiotic and organic solvents, contacting the phases, allowing portion of the xenobiotic to spontaneously part from the organic to the aqueous phase, and causing the microorganism to metabolize the xenobiotic in the aqueous phase.    USE - The method is for treatment of xenobiotics (toxic organic pollutants).    ADVANTAGE - The method has a high capacity to degrade organic pollutants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fed batch biodegradation of xenobiotic involves:    (a) preparing an aqueous phase comprising water and a microorganism capable of metabolizing the xenobiotic;    (b) preparing an organic phase comprising xenobiotic and water-immiscible organic solvents;    (c) contacting the organic and aqueous phases in a reactor;    (d) allowing a portion of the xenobiotic to spontaneously part from the organic phase to the aqueous phase;    (e) causing the microorganism to metabolize the xenobiotic in the aqueous phase;    (f) determining the concentration of xenobiotic in the organic phase;    (g) adding further xenobiotic to the organic phase when the concentration of the xenobiotic in the organic phase is reduced to approximately 2 g/L; and    (h) repeating steps (d)-(g).    The solvent has a partition coefficient of at least 20 and a log P value greater than the critical log P value for the microorganism. The organic phase is at an initial concentration that is below a level that is toxic to the microorganism. The process exhibits enhanced productivity over productivity observed in a batch process due to elimination of lag phase of microorganism cell growth when xenobiotic is added.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell with fuel inlet and exhaust, a hydrogen purification subsystem (4) including a membrane electrode assembly having a cathode side and an anode side in fluid communication with the fuel exhaust, and a power source connected to the anode and cathode side electrical connectors. The power source provides a potential across the connectors.    USE - As fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen purification subsystem removes hydrogen from the fuel gas output stream and transfers it to the fuel gas input stream, thus increasing the fuel cell system efficiency and decreasing the amount of hydrogen wasted during use of the fuel cell system relative to an otherwise identical fuel cell system having a design in which hydrogen contained in the fuel gas output stream is simply discarded.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of manipulating hydrogen in a fuel cell system comprising, flowing a fuel exhaust of a fuel cell across an anode side of an hydrogen purification subsystem membrane electrode assembly, applying a potential across the membrane electrode assembly to induce electrochemical hydrogen pumping through the assembly, and flowing a concentrated hydrogen stream from a cathode side to a hydrogen storage device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system.    Hydrogen purification subsystem (4)
NOVELTY - Fermentation drying equipment for food waste of a sink is provided, which can feed the food waste from a sink to a fermentation drying tank automatically and can condense the water vapor generated from the fermentation drying tank and discharge to sewage, so that the food waste can be dried and fermented effectively without any separation procedure, thereby producing fertilizer or animal feed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the following:    (1) a built in a collecting box (51) of a perforated case (50) for de-watering the food waste, which is connected to a water outlet (2) of a sink (52) at the top and connected at the bottom to a transfer pipe (11) that is connected to an inclined transfer pipe (4), the transfer pipe (11) having at the top a pressing bar and a handle for compacting the food waste to the transfer pipe (4);    (2) a discharge pipe (3) that is the outer pipe of a double pipe connected to the water outlet(2) of the sink (52) for receiving de-watered water from the collecting box(51), the inner pipe being the transfer pipe(11);    (3) a transfer pipe (4) connected to the transfer pipe (11) at the upside of lower part and connected to a fermentation drying tank (6) at the lower side of upper part, in which a transfer screw (5) is installed for moving the waste to top and for discharging to the tank (6); and    (4) a fermentation drying tank (6) installed to the transfer pipe (4) at the top, in which an agitation screw (60) is installed at the bottom and a cooler (7) is installed at the top for condensing water vapor generated from the tank (6).
NOVELTY - The upstream side of a discharge port (40) having a smaller diameter is connected to the rear terminal of a rotating drum (2). Several guide cylinders (44a-44d) with different diameters are provided in steps in the rotating drum with a cylinder having a reduced diameter provided near the upstream side of the discharge port.    USE - For waste treatment equipment for the treatment of e.g. general waste, refuse or waste plastic and other waste materials such as industrial waste containing flammables.    ADVANTAGE - As the guide cylinders are arranged in a step-wise arrangement, aggregated non-flammables contained in the thermolysis residue are scratched clearly and hence thermolysis residue is ejected efficiently, thereby preventing reversion and staying of the residue.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the thermolysis reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Rotating drum (2)    Discharge port (40)    Guide cylinders (44a-44d)
NOVELTY - An oxidation catalyst (31) and a NOx catalyst (33) are arranged serially in exhaust path (3) to oxidize methane and trap NOx respectively. The NOx catalyst traps NOx particles depending on air fuel ratio of the exhaust gas. The ratio is adjusted to rich side when it is judged that trapped NOx is to be released from trap catalyst.    USE - For internal combustion (IC) engine e.g. compression natural gas (CNG) engine.    ADVANTAGE - Oxidation of methane and removal of NOx are reconciled to purify exhaust gas even when air fuel ratio is on lean side. Rate of purification of methane is maintained satisfactorily by reliably reducing NOx. Facilitates controlling amount of NOx removal and ensures reliable removal of NOx.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of internal combustion engine.    Exhaust path (3)    Oxidation catalyst (31)    NOx catalyst (33)
NOVELTY - The vehicle (11) is primarily driven by the electric motor energized by the superconducting battery (4) installed over the liquid hydrogen storage module (5). Liquid hydrogen serves as the fuel for fuel cell (3) mainly used to charge the battery. By-product water from the fuel cell is electrolyzed by the solar battery (1) to produce auxiliary hydrogen. An auxiliary generator coupled to the electric motor feeds surplus energy back into the battery.    USE - Various hybrid powered vehicles such as those drawing upon solar energy using fuel cell batteries, etc., are being explored either separately or together with the standard IC engine based prime movers as alternatives to the current versions exclusively based on hydrocarbons fueled IC engines.    ADVANTAGE - Charging efficiency of the superconducting battery is quite high and helps limit the consumption of hydrogen. Integration of the vehicle air conditioning system with liquid hydrogen storage/handling systems is another positive feature of this design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Thermally insulated container (9) that houses the superconducting battery and the liquid hydrogen storage module together, has openings (10) that integrate the vehicle air conditioning system with the container's inner space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual outline of the hybrid powered vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Solar battery (1)    Fuel cell (3)    Superconducting battery (4)    Liquid hydrogen storage module (5)    Thermally insulated container (9)    Openings (10)    Vehicle (11)
NOVELTY - The contaminating organic substances are decomposed using microorganism having the degrading ability, and which co-express alkylated DNA repair enzyme along with organic compound degradation enzyme. The organic substances are decomposed by contacting with the microorganism.    USE - For treating recoverable resources such as contaminated air, water and soil, contaminated by organic compounds such as chloroethylenes, using microorganism (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Efficient biodegradation-purification treatment of contaminated liquid contaminated with volatile organic compounds from difficult-to-decompose chlorinated ethylene compounds, is enabled by using the co-expression of alkylated DNA repair enzyme, in microorganism having organic compound decomposing ability. The time-dependent reduction of decomposition activity of microorganism and deactivation of microorganism is suppressed effectively by the co-expression of the alkylated DNA repair enzyme.
NOVELTY - A supply system has storage tank (1) for liquid hydrogenated aromatic compound and catalytic reactor equipped with heater (2) and dehydrogenation catalyst (3) for dehydrogenation at normal temperature. The supply system has cooler (7) and storage tank (8) for dehydrogenated product ejected from catalytic reactor. The hydrogen separated by hydrogen separator (6) is supplied to a fuel cell by a supply unit.    USE - For fuel cells used in motor vehicles and for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Highly pure hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell. Dehydrogenation of hydrogenate aromatic compound is effectively and continuously performed in presence of high performance metal catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of hydrogen fuel supply system.    Storage tanks (1,8)    Heater (2)    Dehydrogenation catalyst (3)    Hydrogen separator (6)    Cooler (7)    Heat exchanger (9)
NOVELTY - The internal combustion engine is operated by fuel containing dimethyl ether and natural gas, which is stored in a tank.    USE - Used in compression ignition system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size of fuel supply system of internal combustion engine, by using mixture of dimethyl ether and natural gas. Increases the flight range by addition of natural gas.
NOVELTY - Production of a substrate for culturing mushrooms involves: (i) preparing a mixture of horse manure or straw, chicken manure, gypsum and water; (ii) converting the mixture into compost by microbial conversion; (iii) pasteurizing the compost; (iv) inoculating the compost with spawn; and (v) culturing the spawn, where the spawn is subjected to a pre-culturing step and added to the compost in an amount of 1% (wt./wt.).    USE - The method is used for producing a substrate for culturing mushrooms.    ADVANTAGE - The process increases the yield of substrate per time unit. The process requires less time than the known processes and thus leads to a reduction in costs. The protocol of the process does not adversely affect the quality of the substrate that is produced. The process leads to improvement of mushroom quality and improved process control (hygiene, etc.)
NOVELTY - The vehicle has a fuel cell that interacts with an air supply arrangement (12) with an air reservoir (13) connected in parallel with an air compressor (14) or in series with an upstream air compressor with which the reservoir interacts. A line (16) connecting the air compressor to the air reservoir contains a control valve (17) switchable by a control unit (18) that interacts with the air compressor and air reservoir.    USE - Vehicle with fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell is supplied with air in an operationally favorable and reliable manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system for a vehicle    air supply arrangement (12)    air reservoir (13)    air compressor (14)    connecting line (16)    control valve (17)    control unit (18)
NOVELTY - Apparatus for simultaneously producing current and a further energy form, e.g. mechanical energy and/or an external utilizable heat, from a hydrocarbon-based starting fuel (2) comprises a reformer (4) for partially reforming a starting stream (2a) producing hydrogen; a separating device (10) connected to the reformer for separating hydrogen from the partially reformed fuel stream (8); a fuel cell (16) connected to the separating device; and a combustion engine (6) to which fuel from the separating device is added and mechanical energy is produced, and/or a burner (6) to which fuel from the separating device is added and external utilizable heat is produced.    USE - Used as a combination of a household heater with energy supply, and as a heater with energy supply for a vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus can operate at low temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: Additional starting fuel (2b) is added which has not been fed through the reformer to the combustion engine and/or the burner. The separating device is an electrochemical hydrogen pump. The fuel cell is a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the apparatus.    hydrocarbon-based starting fuel (2)    starting stream (2a)    additional starting fuel (2b)    reformer (4)    combustion engine (6)    partially reformed fuel stream (8)    separating device (10)    fuel cell (16)
NOVELTY - A process for preparing fuel gas from household garbage includes loading the household garbage to gasifier, cracking and gasifying at 700-800degreesC to obtain tar containing gas, and cracking tar at 850-950degreesC to obtain pure gas.    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages are no secondary pollution, and high gasifying efficiency.
NOVELTY - A technique for preparing organic microecological fertilizer includes the formula for preparing culture medium, culture of pure strain, the formula of organic substance, the formula of trace elements and preparing process.    USE - The obtained fertilizer can be used to prevent diseases, generate microecological system in soil, improve the assimilation of plant to nutrients, increase yield, and protect environment.
NOVELTY - A process for preparing fertilizer from sludge, excrement and urine by non-harmful treatment, fermentation and hydrolysis is disclosed. It includes non-harmful treating, deodourizing, hydrolysis to become effective organic substance, optionally adding nutrients, granulating, baking, cooling and sieving.
NOVELTY - An isolated culture of a microorganism (I), chosen from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia VUN 10010 or VUN 10012, Pseudomonas fluorescens VUN10011, Burkholderia sp. VUN 10013, Penicillium janthinellum and bacterial consortium VUN 10009 (their mutants or derivatives), having the ability to degrade high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is new.    USE - (I), (II) and (III) are useful to degrade PAHs for bioremediation of soils, sediments or liquids contaminated with PAHs. (I) is able to degrade PAHs of 3-8, 5-10 benzene rings, PAHs substituted with one or more alkali, halogen or nitro groups and other organic compounds, such as halogenated aliphatic compounds, phenol, salicylate, benzene, toluene and xylene, halogenated single ring aromatic compounds and non-halogenated aromatic compounds, completely to carbon dioxide and water. (All claimed). (I) is also useful for reducing the mutagenic capacity of PAHs comprising one or more of pyrene, chrysene, benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(a,h)anthracene.    ADVANTAGE - The PAHs are converted to less toxic, less mutagenic form and completely to carbon dioxide and water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an agent (II) for degrading PAHs, comprising one or more of (I) or comprising a co-culture of P. janthinellum VUO 10201, bacterial consortium VUN 10009 or S. maltophilia VUN 10010; and    (2) a composition (III) for degrading PAHs comprising one or more of (I).
NOVELTY - The activity of vanadium phosphorus oxide catalysts is enhanced by grafting on or reacting a promoter reagent with a catalyst to produce a catalyst composition with a promoter rich surface. The composition is optionally exposed to a heating cycle.    USE - The method is for enhancing activity of vanadium phosphorus oxide catalysts used for the oxidation of alkane hydrocarbons, such as n-butane to maleic anhydride (used as raw material in agricultural chemicals, paints, paper sizing, food additives, and synthetic resins).    ADVANTAGE - The activity of the catalysts produced is 60-250% greater than that of the untreated catalyst, or a catalyst treated with alcohol only. The catalyst has higher activity, with similar selectivities to maleic anhydride in 2% butane/air.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a catalyst composition comprising a promoter reagent grafted on or reacted with vanadium phosphorus oxide catalyst.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell is operated by humidifying a reactant gas stream (600) with a humidifying liquid stream (900), while blocking at least 90% of the contaminants contained in the humidifying liquid stream from entering the reactant gas stream. The humidified reactant gas stream (610) is then allowed to flow through the fuel cell.    USE - The invention is used to operate a fuel cell which can be utilized to convert chemical energy to electrical energy by promoting chemical reaction between two reactant gases.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method can effectively prevent contamination of the reactant gases during humidification. It is also capable of purifying reactant gases during humidification. Further, it permits the use of relatively impure humidification liquid (e.g. tap water), reducing then the cost and complexity associated with the design and maintenance of the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is schematic representation illustrating the operation of the fuel cell.    Preparation membranes (310, 410)    Reactant gas streams (500, 600)    Humidified reactant gas stream (610)    Humidifying liquid streams (800, 900)
NOVELTY - A feed gas mixture comprising hydrogen and component(s) of ethane, ethylene, propane, or propylene is separated from refinery or petrochemical plant gas by cooling and fractionating a feed gas mixture, and providing the refrigeration by indirect heat exchange with a cold refrigerant stream in a closed-loop gas expander refrigeration process.    USE - For separating feed gas mixture comprising hydrogen and component(s) of ethane, ethylene, propane, or propylene from refinery or petrochemical plant gas.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides a low cost and energy efficient process to recover hydrocarbons from the refinery or petrochemical off-gases. It utilizes a low cost and energy-efficient method to supply the refrigeration required for condensation and rectification of the feed gas. It has a lower capital cost because of low cost and high efficiency of nitrogen compressors and expanders as compared to hydrocarbon compression equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Separation of a feed gas mixture comprising hydrogen and component(s) of ethane, ethylene, propane, or propylene from refinery or petrochemical plant gas involves:    (a) cooling the feed gas mixture;    (b) introducing the cooled gas mixture into a cooling and fractionation zone to yield a light overhead gas and a liquid product streams enriched in the components; and    (c) providing at least a portion of the refrigeration required in (a) and (b) by indirect heat exchange with a cold refrigerant stream generated by work expanding a pressurized gaseous refrigerant stream in a closed-loop gas expander refrigeration process.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generator that decomposes organic material using a microorganism and generates hydrogen and comprising a controller that controls the amount of hydrogen generated and a fuel cell that converts hydrogen into electrical energy, is new.    USE - The generator is used as an energy generator such as a snow melting system.    ADVANTAGE - Energy conversion is performed safely. Since hydrogen is generated by decomposing organic material by using a microorganism, cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart explaining the operation of the energy generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Raw material (R) thrown into rotary kiln within heating furnace, is heated. Waste gas in heating furnace is exhausted to external atmosphere directly. Waste gas ejected from rotary kiln is washed with wash water, burnt within combustion furnace, and then exhausted externally. After carbonization of R, water vapor, carbon dioxide and oxygen gas are supplied to rotary kiln, and carbon material is activated.    USE - For manufacturing activated carbon which adsorb chemical substance on its surface, using waste materials containing organic substance e.g. timber and coconut husk.    ADVANTAGE - A good quality activated carbon is manufactured easily, efficiently and inexpensively in large quantities without polluting the environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for activated carbon manufacturing apparatus which has rotary kiln comprising supply pipes for water vapor, carbon dioxide and oxygen gas provided in heating furnace, and separate exhaust ports for heating furnace and rotary kiln. Edge part of spillway of rotary kiln is connected to scrubber which cleans the exhaust gas ejected from rotary kiln. A combustion furnace which burns the cleaned gas from the scrubber is provided in the middle of spillway of the scrubber.
NOVELTY - An industrial waste water containing metals such as copper, nickel, chromium, tin and/or zinc and an organic amino polycarboxylic acid, is diluted for adjusting its pH. The concentration of metal in the diluted liquid is equivalent or more than the molar concentration of the carboxylic acid. An amino polycarboxylic acid decomposition microbe is added to the liquid, in the presence of a ferric ion.    USE - For processing industrial waste liquid containing organic amino polycarboxylic acids e.g. ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid.    ADVANTAGE - Biological treatment of the industrial waste liquid is performed stably and efficiently, in short period of time. The amino polycarboxylic acids which are difficult to be decomposed, is decomposed in short period of time, with improved decomposition ratio.
NOVELTY - Two or more fermenters (7,9) are connected to initial stage precipitation tanks (2). Fermentation gas collected from the last fermenter (9), is introduced into the previous fermenter (7).    USE - For microorganism-decomposition of organic waste for garbage, sewage and waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Enables methane fermentation with high efficiency in compact and simple fermentation apparatus. Enables recovery of high concentration of methane gas for reuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic wastes flow into the precipitation tanks. An aerator (15) and an anaerobic tank (14) are also provided after the last fermenter in the fermentation apparatus (A). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the waste water treatment apparatus using the fermenter device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fermentation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Initial stage precipitation tanks (2)    Fermenters (7,9)    Anaerobic tank (14)    Aerator (15)    Fermentation apparatus (A)
NOVELTY - Waste liquid containing toxic substances is press-heated and passed to adsorption tower of hydrothermal reactor where the toxic substances are decomposed by the adsorbent. An eluting solvent is supplied and adsorbed toxic substances are separated as mixed liquor. The mixed eluted liquor is fractionated into eluting solvent and toxic substances. The toxic substances are recirculated to hydrothermal reactor.    USE - For waste water containing toxic substances such as polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and dioxin.    ADVANTAGE - The toxic substances are effectively and safely removed by decomposition. The decomposition ratio is high.
NOVELTY - New reactor (I) for solids fermentations (SFR) comprising a closable vertical conical mixing vessel, a mixing member, an inlet, means for sterilization, altering temperature and inoculation, and an outlet for fermentation products, is new.    USE - For the fermentation of solids (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Provision of conical vessel with outlet valve ensures large heat exchange surface and better evacuation due to the hopper shape. The stirrer ensures homogeneous heating and gradual unloading, under a sterile atmosphere.
NOVELTY - A method for preparing biological activating agent by utilizing organic discarded material through the process of fermentation.    USE - The biological substance possesses the functions of improving soil, promoting growth and development of crops, preventing and curing diseases, and raising yield, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The invented method is simple, harmless, and only utilizes energy source and protects environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for preparing biological activating agent by utilizing organic discarded material through the process of fermentation, comprises using organic discarded material as organic culture material, inoculating an activated composite inoculum into the mixed material, regulating water content and placing the above-mentioned material into fermentation pool to make fermentation by stages and controlling different conditions, and after fermentation, the organic discarded material can be converted into the substance with biological activity.
NOVELTY - A molecular sieve carbon fabric for separating methane and carbon dioxide is characterized by that its form can be fibre, felt, cloth or paper, its specific surface area is 300-1000 sq.m/g, microporosity below 0.7nm is greater than 60% and pore volume is 0.15-0. 35 ml/g.    USE - For separating methane and carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - It is simple in operation, possesses rich micropores, can quickly make adsorption and desorption, can be used for separating methane and carbon dioxide, and the purity of obtained methane gas exceeds 96%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Its preparation method includes the folloinwg steps: adopting organic fibre or its fabric as raw material, carbonizing, using steam as activating agent to make activation treatment so as to obtain the invented product fabric-lire carbon molecular sieve.
NOVELTY - A preparation method of active carbon for storing methane.    USE - For storing methane.    ADVANTAGE - Invention is simple in preparation process, easy to operate, short in reaction time, and the loading density of said high specific surface area active carbon can be raised, and the volume adsorption quantity for methane also can be greatly raised.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation includes the following steps: using petrol coke or asphalt coke as raw material, using KOH as activating agent, activating at 700-1000degreesC for 0.5-2.0 hr. to obtain high specific surface area powdery active carbon, mixing the powdery active carbon with binding agent uniformly, and press-forming at normal temp., then making low-temp, heat-treating to obtain the formed high specific surface area active carbon.
NOVELTY - Method for reducing residual gases from a foamed polymer material by subjecting the material to a vacuum.    USE - Accelerating diffusion of residual gases from foamed polymer material, in particular isobutane gas from foamed thermoplastic material.    ADVANTAGE - The method reduces 'warehousing' time and improving safety in transporting of the materials. It also allows reclamation of the residual gas and may lessen the requirement for diffusion control agents to be used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for apparatus for reducing residual gas from foamed polymer materials comprising a vacuum chamber.
NOVELTY - Composition that can be foamed from pressurized containers comprises a dispersion of 30-80 wt.% film-forming polymer, 3-25 wt.% propellant gas and 0.3-6 wt.% ionic foam stabilizer(s).    USE - As sealing, damping and insulation materials, in tape form, particularly for heat insulation (claimed) in building    ADVANTAGE - The foams have good stability.
NOVELTY - Method involves introducing cereal straw, stubble decomposing activator and soil microflora activator into soil. Ground straw is uniformly spread over field during harvesting of cereals in an amount of 4-6 t/hectare, with following embedding of spread straw into soil by fall plowing. Biological preparations of stubble decomposing activator and soil microflora activator are applied into soil in spring at presowing cultivation period to 6-10 cm depth at the rate of 1,000 ml/hectare of each preparation. Method allows yield of cereals, for example of buckwheat, to be increased by 25% and ecologically clean product to be obtained.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency and improved yield.
NOVELTY - Method for isomerization of light paraffin hydrocarbons C4-C6.    USE - Petrochemical processes.    ADVANTAGE - Stabilized hydrocarbon isomerization extent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrocarbons are subjected to isomerization at 170-270degreesC, pressure 0.8-4.0 MPa, hydrogen-to-hydrocarbons molar ratio (0.2-10):1, and feedstock volume flow rate 0.2-5.0 h-1 on catalyst containing 0.2 to 1.0% platinum or palladium supported by aluminum and zirconium oxide mixture at weight ratio (0.26-0.03):1 and promoted by sulfate at weight ratio of sulfate to summary amount of the two support oxides (0.005-0.11):1. Catalyst is also promoted chloride, chloride-to-sulfate weight ratio being equal to 0.005:1.
NOVELTY - A fermented feed manufacturing device which can process even lump food waste by a stirring propeller to mix, smash and pulverize, and can minimize noise by applying a hydraulic system, it also has an insulation effect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fermented feed manufacturing device is characterized by the following:    (1) a driving force that is applied to a hydraulic system;    (2) small and large stirring propellers that have projected parts for smashing and pulverizing, and are formed in a spiral style around a central pivot rotated by a planetary reducer;    (3) a heating device that is applied to conductible oil heated by an electric heater stick.
NOVELTY - Drying apparatus comprises a band heater (14E) contacting the drying roller (14) connected to the drive source (18). A liquid separation roller (12) following the rotation of the drying roller, is provided inside the treatment tank (16) contacting the slurry.    USE - For drying organic waste from homes, industry and raw material for fermentation in brewery.    ADVANTAGE - The processing of dried product is stabilized with high thermal efficiency, irrespective of any fluctuations in the slurry supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the drying apparatus for slurry.    Liquid separation roller (12)    Drying roller (14)    Band heater (14E)    Treatment tank (16)    Drive source (18)
NOVELTY - Water vapor and air are reacted with methanol in the presence of a catalyst to obtain reformed a gas containing hydrogen. The catalyst comprises copper oxide, zinc oxide and another oxide selected from elements such as magnesium, silicon, cerium and gallium.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Heat resistance and activity of the catalyst are improved. Reformed gas is generated efficiently. The industrial manufacture of hydrogen is performed efficiently.
NOVELTY - Contaminated environment containing organic compound is decomposed using microorganism catalase. The microorganism catalase is obtained by co-expression of catalase from microorganism which is a degradation enzyme of organic compound. The organic compound is decomposed by contacting the above microorganism with environment.    USE - For purifying contaminated environment such as underground water, liquid waste, soil and air (all claimed), river, lakes and marshes containing organic compound such as dichloroethylene or trichloroethylene.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to purify contaminated environment with a microorganism having biodegradation ability of organic compound. The liquid containing volatile organic compound which is difficult to decompose, is easily decomposed by co-expression of catalase in the microorganism.
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon gas (HC) is directly contacted with air or oxygen, to form a diffusion flame layer. HC is then processed through radical reaction, with the layer serving as heat source, to produce an olefin-based organic compound gas (OOC). Alternately, HC is supplied with water vapor, and processed in similar manner, to produce a synthetic gas containing hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and OOC.    USE - For producing olefin-based organic compound or a synthetic gas containing hydrogen or olefin-based organic compound.    ADVANTAGE - The process ensures increased yield ratio and does not undergo caulking. No high temperature heating is required and the process cost is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon gas. The apparatus has a decomposition reaction column (1) with an inlet (2a), through which HC optionally mixed with water vapor is supplied. An outlet (3a) is provided, through which OOC produced is discharged. A group of porous tubes (4) are vertically extended in the column. A header (5) is connected to the tubes, to supply air or oxygen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus for pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gas.    Reaction column (1)    Inlet (2a)    Outlet (3a)    Porous tube (4)    Header (5)    Non-porous tube (7)    Distributor (8)
NOVELTY - A bioremediation device comprises a bioactive element, which is soluble over time in a waste material. The bioactive element comprises at least one active ingredient having a non-ionic or anionic surfactant capable of forming micelles with the waste material and microorganisms released from the dissolved element. The active ingredient is present in a variable concentration.    USE - For biological degradation of predetermined waste material in a collection system (claimed) useful in individual residential, commercial and business sewage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The bioactive element dissolves in the collection system and reduces the grease and other organic materials in the collection system; thus maintaining the remediation effect on the collection system.
NOVELTY - Provided is a method for producing methane gas from garbage using three-stage methane fermentation system, which can produce a large quantity of methane gas with low HRT and a small reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of a hydrolysis/acid fermentation step in which crushed garbage by a crusher (A) is mixed with water at the ratio of 1 to 1, and then conveyed to a hydrolysis/acid fermentation tank (B) wherein hydrolysis is carried out by aerobic bacteria and acid fermentation is carried out anaerobic bacteria in the condition of 28 to 32 deg.C of reaction temperature and pH range of 5.0 to 5.5; a primary acid fermentation step in which pretreated admixture of garbage and water is conveyed to the bottom part of a UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) type primary acid fermentation tank (C) by a pump (P), and then seeding thereto Clostridium butyricum for increasing yield rate of acetic acid and butyric acid in the condition of 33 to 37 deg.C of reaction temperature and pH range of 5.0 to 5.5; a methane fermentation step in which only liquid obtained during the primary acid fermentation step is conveyed to a methane fermentation tank (D) through a pipe installed up to middle part from upper part of the primary acid fermentation tank so that the conveyed liquid is fermented. The methane fermentation step is performed in the condition of 7.6 to 7.9 of pH range and 39 to 43 deg.C of reaction temperature.
NOVELTY - A waste material is dried, thermolyzed and carbonized. The carbonized product (11n) is introduced into a pyrogenetic reaction tower (5) side wall. Oxygen-containing gas (OCG) is supplied to the carbonized product using OCG supply ports in the peripheral portion of the tower side wall, and the height of carbonized product deposit (12) on the upper part in the tower is maintained uniformly along the furnace (4) cross-section.    USE - For processing waste material such as industrial waste and general waste.    ADVANTAGE - The waste material is carbonized efficiently and waste material throughput is improved. During partial oxidation and gasification, waste material melting is suppressed within the pyrogenetic tower.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A waste material is dried, thermolyzed and carbonized. The carbonized product from the carbonization product inlet is introduced into the side wall of a pyrogenetic reaction tower. Oxygen-containing gas (OCG) is supplied to the carbonization product which is deposited in the tower. The carbonized product is obtained by partial oxidation and gasification of the waste material. The OCG supply amount is supplied from the OCG supply ports; two or more OCG supply ports are provided in the outer portion of the tower side wall. The height of the carbonization product deposited on the upper surface in the tower is maintained uniform along the furnace cross-section.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the waste material processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Furnace (4)    Pyrogenetic reaction tower (5)    Carbonized product (11n)    Carbonized product deposit (12)
NOVELTY - Organic waste having a reduced self-sustained combustion heating value is mixed with a substance having a high self-sustained combustion heating value before inserting into a vertical self-sustained combustion-type carbonization furnace. The mixture, which has a high self-sustained combustion heating value, is then carbonized by the heat of combustion.    USE - For the pre-treatment of organic waste, e.g. paper sludge or livestock dung for manufacturing charcoal.    ADVANTAGE - The pre-treatment of organic waste with a low self-sustained combustion heating value is carried out, effectively and easily.
NOVELTY - A fuel reforming unit includes a burner to burn the fuel gas containing hydrogen and reforms the hydrocarbon in the gas. The heat produced during fuming of gas is used for heating the modifier. The gas ejected from the fuel electrode is not used for heating the modifier.    USE - Fuel battery system used for co-generation applications.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy and reliable operation of fuel battery system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel battery system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An outer cladding case surrounds a burner case which accommodates a burner head. Combustion air is supplied to the head through a route formed between the cases.    USE - For a modifier of a solid polymer fuel cell power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Obtains energy conservation and improves combustion efficiency since heat loss is suppressed by interrupting heat of the case by air flow.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a modifier; and    (b) a solid polymer fuel cell power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a systematic view of the power generation system.
NOVELTY - A waste gas undergoes non-catalytic denitration at 450-650 degrees C after injecting ammonia or methane. Denitration is carried out by irradiation of electron beams to the waste gas using an electron gun.    USE - For gas turbine installations.    ADVANTAGE - Gas turbine efficiency is improved by carrying out denitrification without pressure loss. Use of an electron gun simplifies processing and the apparatus involved in denitrification of low temperature gas turbine waste gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste gas denitrification system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic arrangement of waste gas denitration. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The detector (3) having metallic oxide semiconductor is arranged in an airtight housing (2). A ventilation hole (6) is formed in housing to circulate detection gas in housing. A cover (5) is arranged enclosing the ventilation hole to regulate flow of gas to housing. A ventilator (F) is arranged in between cover and ventilation hole to set air passage area of cover to be larger than that of ventilation hole.    USE - For methane detection.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces cost and size of sensor by using ventilation hole to provide gas diffusion limitation effect. Improves gas selectivity, long term stability, poisoning resistant property and endurance of sensor with respect to highly concentrated gas. Eliminates influence of alcohol on gas detection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of gas sensor.    Airtight housing (2)    Detector (3)    Cover (5)    Ventilation hole (6)    Ventilator (F)
NOVELTY - Fuel-cell stacks forming part of a fuel-cell system can often function in fuel depletion supply mode, as a result of an insufficient supply of hydrogen until the reformer overcomes its traditionally sluggish response and finally 'kicks in' to provide the correct level of hydrogen. This sort of operation can lead to damage of the fuel cells in the stack. Operation of the fuel-cell stack now requires initially setting the flow of fuel through the fuel cell stack (32) so as to generate a current, and then the cell voltages of the fuel cell stack are sampled so as to determine the minimum cell voltage. A minimum threshold value for the current is then set and is at least partly based on the minimum cell voltage.    USE - Operation of a fuel cell stack forming a component of a fuel cell system which provides energy for a load, such as a house.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids the problem of the fuel-cell stack running 'on low fuel' as a result of an insufficient hydrogen inflow, until the production of hydrogen by the reformer rises to the correct level, and as a result prevents possible damage to the fuel cells in the stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic representation of the inventive fuel cell system is given.(Figure contains non-English language text)    control device (10)    Fuel cell system (30)    fuel cell stack (32)    Waste gas lines (33)    Waste gas oxidizer (38)    Control device (40)    Control valve (42)    Reformer (47)    Lines (48,50)    Filter (53)    Control lines (54)    Converter (55)    Output terminals (57)    Current sensor (59)
NOVELTY - A biodegradation process for preparing compound organic fertilizer from life garbage features that when the life garbage is naturally stacked, the biodegradating promoter is used to speed up enzymatic reaction and degradation of organic substances, and the surfactant and microbial growth nutrient are also used to make them become non-odour humics, and its N-P-K-rich component dregs are used to prepare green fertilizer-organic compound fertilizer.    USE - The method is useful for preparing green fertilizer-organic compound fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A green garbage treatment apparatus which comprises a disposer, a flow rate adjustment tank, a solid-liquid separation device, a composting device, a precipitation-separation device, a waste water treatment device, and an insect removal device.    USE - An apparatus for treating garbage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A green garbage treatment apparatus which comprises a disposer, a flow rate adjustment tank for temporarily storing a mixture of a green kitchen garbage ground by the disposer and kitchen waste water, a solid-liquid separation device for separating the mixture into a solid component and a liquid component, a composting device for composting the solid component, a precipitation-separation device for allowing fine particles in the liquid component to precipitate, a waste water treatment device for subjecting the liquid component fed from the precipitation-separation device via a dividing device to a biological treatment to thereby obtain a treated water, and an insect removal device for removing deleterious insects such as flies which are generated, for example, in the waste water treatment device. The apparatus is advantageous, in that it can remove insects such as flies which are generated in the waste water treatment device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic drawing of a green garbage treatment apparatus.
NOVELTY - A fuel processing system comprising a fuel processing assembly for producing a product hydrogen stream (A), a separation assembly to remove impurities from (A) , a fuel cell stack for receiving (A), and a control system for monitoring the concentration of components of (A) and automatically prevent flow of (A) to the fuel cell stack if the concentration exceeds a corresponding threshold value.    USE - For detecting impurities in the hydrogen product stream of a fuel processing system in fuel cell of e.g. vehicle, boat, household, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preventing contamination of a fuel cell stack in a fuel processing system as above.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell battery consists of a reaction device which is aligned with the stack axis and contacting the cell stack. The reaction device treats liquid fuel by reforming with partial oxidation to form fuel gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.    USE - The fuel cell battery for liquid fuels is used in stationary or mobile plant with hydrocarbon CnHm used as fuel, (where n is greater than 5 and m = (2n + 2)) (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Fuel gas is treated without the use of water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell battery comprises a cell stack (2), a distributor passage (21) on the stack axis, after-burner chambers, and an auxiliary burner for a start-up operation. A reaction device (3) connected with the cell stack treats liquid fuel by reforming with partial oxidation to form fuel gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas. A heat exchanger system (4) is integrated to the reaction device. During the current delivering operation of the battery, the hot exhaust gas from the after-burner chamber is used for vaporizing the liquid fuel and for heating up a gaseous oxygen carrier. Vaporized fuel can be contacted with the heated oxygen via an in feed point (6) which is part of the heat exchanger system, so that reforming with partial oxidation can take place. After the forming of the reformed fuel gas, the reformed fuel gas is fed to the distributor passage of the cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the inventive fuel cell battery.    Cell stack (2)    Reaction device (3)    Heat exchanger system (4)    In-built elements (5)    In-feed point (6)    Distributor passage (21)    Co-axial supply tubes (33, 46)    Ring-gap-shaped sub-chambers (41, 42)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon conversion process involves contacting a hydrocarbon stream with a layered catalyst composition. The catalyst composition comprises an inner core to the extent that the attrition loss in less than 10 wt.% based on the weight of the outer layer. The outer layer comprises an outer refractory inorganic oxide having a platinum group metal and a promoter metal dispersed on the layer.    USE - For hydrocarbon conversion, including oxidation and reduction reactions, e.g. partial oxidation of hydrocarbon streams to generate synthesis gas, and oxidation of methane, ethane or carbon monoxide to clean up flue gas emissions from combustion processes.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst composition reduces loss of the outer layer by attrition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrocarbon conversion involves contacting a hydrocarbon stream with a layered catalyst composition. The layered catalyst composition comprises an inner core and an outer layer bonded to the inner core to the extent that the attrition loss is less than 10 wt.% based on the weight of the outer layer. The outer layer comprises an outer refractory inorganic oxide having at least one platinum group metal and at least one promoter metal dispersed on the layer. The catalyst composition further comprises at least one modifier metal dispersed on it and the inner core and outer refractory inorganic oxide comprises of different materials.
NOVELTY - The refrigerant composition comprises 40-60 weight% (wt.%) of chlorodifluoromethane (R-22), 30-50 wt.% of 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-124), 5-20 wt.% of 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (R-142b) and 1-3 wt.% of hydrocarbon chosen from isobutane, propane, butane, pentane, isopentane, ethylene and propylene.    USE - As substitute for environmentally harmful dichlorofluoromethane (R-12) used in refrigeration systems like motor vehicle air-conditioners, water coolers, dehumidifiers, dairy supply cases, ice cream display cases, blood storage facilities and residential freezers.    ADVANTAGE - The novel refrigerant composition having thermodynamic properties comparable to R-12, is non-flammable and is miscible with refrigeration system lubricating oils over a wide range of operating temperatures. Therefore, the refrigerant composition can be used in relatively high temperature systems such as motor vehicle air-conditioners, water coolers, dehumidifiers and dairy supply cases, which operate at 40-5degreesF and also in low-temperature systems such as ice cream display cases, blood storage facilities and residential freezers, which operate at 5degreesF to -40degreesF. The damaging of system that operates at lower and higher temperature is prevented effectively, since the lubricating oil of refrigeration system is miscible with the refrigerant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for producing refrigeration in a refrigeration system involves using refrigerant composition containing 40-60 wt.% of R-22, 30-50 wt.% of R-124, 5-20 wt.% of R-142b and 1-3 wt.% of isobutane (R-600a).
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system has a hydrodesulfurization part which desulfurizes sulfur in hydrocarbon after adding hydrogen to hydrocarbon having sulfur, and a part which reforms desulfurized hydrocarbon into gas containing hydrogen. Carbon monoxide in hydrogen is converted to carbon dioxide, hydrogen. The hydrogen is purified, pure hydrogen is supplied to a fuel cell. Hydrogen from fuel cell is passed to hydrodesulfurization part.    USE - As solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The high purity hydrogen is separated and refined with high efficiency. The exhaust gas from the fuel cell is recycled as hydrogen for hydrodesulfurization process. Also a part of exhaust gas from fuel cell is supplied to the fuel cell. The process of the fuel cell system is carried out inexpensively. The amount of fuel used for performing the fuel cell system is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell system has a hydrodesulfurization part (11) which desulfurizes sulfur in raw hydrocarbon after adding hydrogen for hydrodesulfurization to raw hydrocarbon containing sulfur, and a steam reforming part (12) which reforms desulfurized raw hydrocarbon into gas containing hydrogen in a higher concentration. A gas transformation part (13) which converts carbon monoxide in gas containing hydrogen to carbon dioxide and hydrogen, is comprised. The hydrogen obtained is purified by passing to a pressure swing absorption (PSA) part (14), forming high purity hydrogen. The high purity hydrogen is supplied to a fuel cell (15). The high purity hydrogen discharged from the fuel cell (15) is passed to hydrodesulfurization part.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of solid polymer fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrodesulfurization part (11)    Steam reforming part (12)    Gas transformation part (13)    Pressure swing absorption part (14)    Fuel cell (15)
NOVELTY - A gas passage (2) with ventilation holes is formed on a rotary kiln (1) and a screw (13) transfers the material from the inlet to the outlet in the kiln. On the gas passage periphery, an outer barrel is provided with a slight gap and a wind box (9) for air supply is provided to the underside of the outer barrel and an exhaust port (12) is provided in the upper portion. The raw material is carbonized with oxygen of the air supply.    USE - For a carbonization apparatus for e.g. municipal solid waste or construction waste material.    ADVANTAGE - By providing the gas passage to the rotary kiln, contact with air is improved, and partial combustion and carbonization are performed efficiently. Enables size reduction of the apparatus, by achieving better combustion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a continuous system solid waste carbonization apparatus in parallel with the axle line of the rotary kiln. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Rotary kiln (1)    Gas passage (2)    Wind box (9)    Exhaust port (12)    Screw (13)
NOVELTY - A furnace has a combustion zone at the upper inner space of a reactor case (1). A refinement zone (12) is formed between the side walls (4,14) of the reactor case and a small diameter concentrically rotatable cylinder (11) at the lower portion of the reactor case. A vane (19) at the cylinder periphery scrapes an air supply port (7) in a reactor case side wall at a refinement zone for blowing in primary air.    USE - For carbonizing organic waste to produce charcoal.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the time necessary for carbonization by avoiding adherence of clinker at the vicinity of the air supply port. Obtains charcoal of homogeneous quality by ensuring uniform mixing of air with organic waste. Improves charcoal quality by providing a twist in the vane to move organic waste in refinement zone upwards.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the carbonizing furnace.    Reactor case (1)    Side walls (4,14)    Air supply port (7)    Rotatable cylinder (11)    Refinement zone (12)    Vane (19)
NOVELTY - A removably supported container comprises rotated by a motor. The container comprises insertion opening (1) to receive a hopper (4) injecting organic waste. An air blower (7) injects air directly towards the internal periphery of container.    USE - For processing organic waste such as vegetable waste obtained from houses, food processing store, or restaurants in organic fertilizer production plant.    ADVANTAGE - Regenerates suitable microorganism inside the container due to stable supply of air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial sectional view of organic waste processor.    Insertion opening (1)    Hopper (4)    Air blower (7)
NOVELTY - Organic waste treatment equipment comprising air supply pipes connected to the check box that is exterior to the treatment tank, is new.    USE - For treating organic waste (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Pipes are unblocked without needing to remove the organic waste from the tan, by opening the access door and inserting a rod towards the clogged pipe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Air supply pipes (25A-25D) are arranged at the bottom of the treatment tank, and are connected to a check box (26) at one end. The check box exterior to the treatment tank, has an access door (29).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of check box. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Air supply pipes (25A-25D)    Check box (26)    Access door (29)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse treatment tank (2) is sealed in an organic process machine (1). Malodorous gas generated in the tank (2) due to aerobic fermentation of organic waste, is ejected by exhaust tube (11) to the deodorization water tanks (14-16). The gas and the liquid in the tank are separated in separator and the deodorized gas is returned to the tank (2).    USE - For use during aerobic fermentation of organic refuses such as cooking refuse, vegetable waste, skin of fish, meat and shellfish.    ADVANTAGE - Sufficient deodorized process is performed since gas generated in the tank is passed through multiple deodorized tanks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical side view of deodorization apparatus.    Organic process machine (1)    Organic refuse treatment tank (2)    Exhaust tube (11)    Deodorization water tanks (14-16)
NOVELTY - Manufacturing organic fertilizer derived from cow and hen blood comprises heating the blood, adding Lactobacillus, subjecting to solid-phase separation, adsorbing the supernatant liquid by zeolite and drying, is new.    USE - For manufacturing organic fertilizer from waste blood from slaughter house or processing factories of cow, pig and hen.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacture of organic fertilizer from waste blood from farm animals is achieved efficiently. The iron compound in the blood reacts with oxygen molecules and forms active oxygen, providing fertilization for soil. The absorption of the fertilizer is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic fertilizer is manufactured by heating blood to 50 degrees Centigrade or more to hemolyze the erythrocyte in the blood. Lactobacillus is added to the above processed blood and subjected to solid-liquid separation by centrifugation, membrane filtration and ultra filtration using membrane. The supernatant liquid is made to adsorb by zeolite and the adsorbed is dried thermally.
NOVELTY - A fermentation processing apparatus (202) composts waste material using a rotary kiln or rotary drier with a lining brick removed.    USE - For fermentation processing of organic waste, e.g. garbage used in cement production.    ADVANTAGE - The unused apparatus in the cement plant is used effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a cement plant; and    (b) original fuel manufacturing equipment for cement production.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual view of the cement plant.    Fermentation processing apparatus (202)
NOVELTY - Waste materials collected in a refuse bag are charged into a rotary kiln (102) or rotary drier in which fermentation of waste material takes place.    USE - In a cement manufacturing plant.    ADVANTAGE - Unused apparatus, e.g. a cement kiln in cement plants, is used effectively for the fermentation of organic waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of cement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a cement plant using fermentation process.    Rotary kiln (102)
NOVELTY - Treatment tank in which organic refuse and a microorganism medium is stored has a opening-closing lid (14). A pneumatic pipe supplies air to the treatment tank. A limit switch detects the opening of the lid which is closed when supplying air.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Unpleasant smells during the injection of organic refuse to the treatment tank are prevented by closing the lid when detecting the supply of air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the treatment tank.    Opening-closing lid (14)
NOVELTY - Water vapor and air are reacted with methanol in the presence of a catalyst to obtain reformed gas containing hydrogen. The catalyst comprises copper oxide, zinc oxide and zirconium oxide.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Heat resistance and activity of the catalyst are improved. Reformed gas is generated efficiently. The industrial manufacture of hydrogen is performed efficiently.
NOVELTY - Methanol is reacted with water vapor and air in the presence of a catalyst comprising oxides of copper, zinc and aluminum, as main components. A component containing palladium and/or platinum is further used as reaction catalyst. Reformed gas enriched in hydrogen is thus manufactured.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen-rich gas used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Reformed gas rich in hydrogen is generated effectively, in a self-heat supply type reaction. High industry utility is offered. The hydrogen formed has high activity even at low temperature and good heat resistance.
NOVELTY - Fuel injection equipment has an injection part (41A) to inject a liquid fuel (FL) into an evaporation chamber and an injection part (42A) to inject the gas or the liquid having predetermined polarity into the liquid fuel injected from the injection part. An evaporation chamber (11) evaporates the fuel into an original heating gas using a high temperature heat carrier.    USE - For fuel evaporation devices such as fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel injection equipment has a simple structure and significantly improves evaporation efficiency of a liquid fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel injection equipment.    Evaporation chamber (11)    Injection parts (41A,42A)    Liquid fuel (FL)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (10) is supplied with hydrogen gas for heating and oxygen for oxidation along with 0.2% of ethanol from addition unit (44). An addition unit mixes ethanol to reduce surface contact angle of water vapor infiltrated into gas passage way to condense as water for further collection.    USE - For batteries.    ADVANTAGE - Drainage of condensed water is improved by addition of ethanol.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of fuel cell device.    Fuel cell (10)    Addition unit (44)
NOVELTY - Fuel injector (40a) is provided to the side of evaporation chamber (11). The delivery pipe (41) which is connected to fuel injector, extends through the evaporation chamber. Multiple injection holes (42) are formed in the delivery pipe. The liquid fuel injected from injector into evaporation chamber, is evaporated utilizing heat of combustion gas flowing through heat medium tubes (12) extended through evaporation chamber.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid fuel is evaporated quickly and efficiently, since liquid fuel is uniformly injected from injection holes of delivery pipe, into evaporation chamber. The provision of delivery pipe orthogonal to heat medium tube, further enhances heating efficiency. The surface area of heat medium tube is effectively utilizable, since tube is bellow-shaped. The heating efficiency is further improved because chamber has hot spot section.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the section of fuel evaporator.    evaporation chamber (11)    heat medium tube (12)    fuel injector (40a)    delivery pipe (41)    injection hole (42)
NOVELTY - Thermosetting resin molding material, contains 10-35 weight% (wt.%) of thermosetting resin, 50-85 wt.% of graphite and 1-15 wt.% of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber.    USE - For fuel cell separator (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The molding material excels in electroconductivity, mechanical strength and moldability. The molding material has electroconductivity of 103-100 OMEGA.cm and bending strength of 50 MPas when used for fuel cell separator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electroconductive compact of thickness 0.5-5 mm, obtained by molding, thermosetting resin molding material.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen-rich fuel (HRF) forming apparatus has housing with inlet (33) for water and hydrocarbon liquid fuel, outlet (34) for ejecting HRF, arc reaction chamber (76) having rod-shaped arc electrode in electrode holder (22), connected to inlet and outlet, electrical supply unit which supplies electrical power to electrode, generates arc in (76), and raw material injector (24) near to electrode.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen-rich fuel, such as synthetic fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The mass production of hydrogen-rich fuel is inexpensively attained using raw material of distilled water, pure water, drinking water, industrial water or sea water, and gas fuel. The hydrogen-rich fuel is manufactured easily and efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of hydrogen-rich fuel manufacturing apparatus.    Electrode holder (22)    Injector (24)    Inlet (33)    Outlet (34)    Arc reaction chamber (76)
NOVELTY - Domestic refuse after being selected to eliminate useless matters is crushed, fermented in a fermentation tank, stoved and further pulverized into powder.    ADVANTAGE - The present invention can change most refuse into re-compounded fertilizer suitable for the plant to absorb and utilize.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The powder is mixed with nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer to produce re-compounded organic and inorganic fertilizer or mixed with biological bacteria powder or liquid to produce re-compounded biological fertilizer; and the re-compounded fertilizer is delivered into a pelletizer, and pressed into granulated fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Incineration of sewage and waste water sludge as a fuel involves equipment comprising (i) a mixing drier for heating oil in the drier (13) to 200deg.C by heating media coming from a waste heat boiler (12) and mixing with sludge fed through a screw (14); (ii) a centrifuge (16) for recovering by more than 90% oil on the surface of sludge and recycling to mixer for reuse; (iii) a primary combustion chamber (10) for burning sludge coated with oil as a fuel; (iv) a secondary combustion chamber (11) for burning hazardous gas generated from the primary chamber by diesel; (vi) a waste heat boiler to heat heating media; (vi) a primary dust collector (18); (vii) a semi-dry scrubber (22); and (viii) a dust filter (23).    USE - For incineration of sewage sludge as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Since the incinerated sludge involves coating with oil and separating water from the sludge by boiling point difference, incineration time, fuel, plant size are reduced, further saving construction, operation and maintenance costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of sewage sludge incineration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematically the incineration of sewage sludge.    combustion chamber (10,11)    waste heat boiler (12)    drier (13)    screw (14)    centrifuge (16)    dust collector (18)    semi-dry scrubber (22)    dust filter (23)
NOVELTY - The moisture content of inflammable waste material is controlled, and the obtained waste material is ground. Timber chips (7) and bentonite (6) are added to the ground material, and carbonized material (9) is obtained.    USE - For manufacturing carbonized material used as a structural material which is a plate-shaped body, and for raw materials which are feathers for clothes useful as packing for bedding (claimed). Structural materials such as board and panel are used for construction.    ADVANTAGE - The lightweight carbonized material has good fire-resistant characteristics and is manufactured easily and efficiently. The transportation cost of the carbonized material is low. The secondary waste material of the carbonized material is used as a soil improvement material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) a fire-resistant structural material obtained by molding and solidifying the carbonized material; and    (ii) a raw material for clothes comprising a fine powder of carbonized material impregnated in the cloth.
NOVELTY - Carbon-monoxide (CO) and oxygen contained in hydrogen-containing gas is contacted with iron-platinum group catalyst.    USE - For reducing carbon monoxide in hydrogen containing gas, such as hydrocarbon and methanol, which is used in fuel cell of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively reduces carbon-monoxide concentration to 0.1 mol% or less in the hydrogen containing gas having carbon-monoxide concentration of 1 mol% at 40-100 degreesC, with very less hydrogen loss.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for catalyst for reducing CO, which comprises a carrier for carrying iron and platinum groups.
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprising zinc sulfate-zirconium complex, platinum and palladium components, decomposes nitrogen oxide (NOx), methane and surplus oxygen contained in waste gas.    USE - For the purification of waste gas containing nitrogen oxide, methane and surplus oxygen.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst effectively purifies waste gas and enables the stable removal of nitrogen oxide for long period of time. The effect of the catalyst is maintained even in the presence of water vapor. The catalyst produces a remarkable effect at high temperature. The catalyst shows high resistance against catalytic activity reduction in the presence of sulfur component, and provides good purification performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste gas purification.
NOVELTY - Selective oxidation removal of carbon monoxide from a hydrogen containing gas, is performed. After removal of carbon monoxide, the gas is contacted with an oxygen removal catalyst, such that the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen containing gas is set to 500 ppm or less.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Oxygen concentration in the hydrogen containing gas is reduced. Oxidation of hydrogen on a platinum electrode catalyst, is eliminated. Durability and performance of the fuel cell are improved.
NOVELTY - The modifier has sealed part filled with modification catalyst layers which convert heating gas (I) containing methane and water vapor to hydrogen rich gas, heating tube made of porous ceramic substance of zirconite adjoining partitions divided by catalyst layers for heating gas (I). Header in sealed part supplies heat carrier to heating tube and another header and outlet collects carbon dioxide.    USE - For formation of hydrogen rich gas from methane and water vapor and for collection of carbon dioxide separately.    ADVANTAGE - Since carbon dioxide is not released and is collected separately by modifier, global warming caused by carbon dioxide released into atmosphere is reduced. The modifier sets the temperature of the waste gas as heating source ejected from gas turbines to 600degreesC.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifier has a inlet part which supplies heating gas containing mixture of methane and water vapor to the partitions divided by the modification catalyst layer filled in sealed part. The heating tube made of porous ceramic substance of zirconite through which heat carrier passes, for permeating only carbon dioxide, is arranged to adjoining partition. The header is provided in sealed part and circulates a heat carrier to each heating tube. The heating gas is heated in the heating tube in the presence of carrier and catalyst converts heating gas into a hydrogen-rich gas. Another header provided in sealed part and outlet part collect obtained carbon dioxide.
NOVELTY - A mold body for use as a lead substitute for fishing and angling, comprises a pulverized raw material with binder.    USE - The mold body is suitable as a lead substitute for fishing and angling purposes, for example as a float.    ADVANTAGE - The mold body is obtained from cost effective and recyclable materials, such as industrial automobile metal residue.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mold body has a density of 5 - 10 g/m3    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the preparation of the mold body using an injection molding machine, comprising the direct addition of the raw material and binder together into the machine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates a scheme for the mold body manufacture.    raw material (1)    raw material (2)    mixer (3)    binder material (4)    injection molding machine (5)    mold (6)    inlay part (7)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell (200) for producing electrical energy by means of a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen; and a hydrogen supply unit (100) connected to the fuel cell to feed hydrogen into the cell. The hydrogen is introduced to the fuel cell intermittently together with an amount of hydrogen which is consumed in the cell.    USE - Used for producing electrical energy in vehicles, ships and portable generators.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of non-reacted hydrogen is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The system further comprises: a first valve (505) on the hydrogen inlet side of the cell to open and close a hydrogen inlet channel (505a); a second valve (506) on the outlet side of the cell to open and close a hydrogen outlet channel (506b); and a hydrogen concentration detector unit (601) to detect the concentration of hydrogen in the cell. The first valve is opened to introduce the hydrogen to the fuel cell when the hydrogen concentration detected by the detector is the same or less than the first concentration. The valve is closed to stop the flow of hydrogen to the fuel cell when the hydrogen concentration detected by the detector is the same or more than the first concentration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell arrangement.    Hydrogen supply unit (100)    Fuel cell (200)    First valve (505)    Hydrogen inlet channel (505a)    Second valve (506)    Hydrogen outlet channel (506b)
NOVELTY - Gas measuring device comprises an infrared radiation source; a quadrant radiation detector consisting of individual detectors (3, 4, 5, 6); and a pyramid-like beam splitter (7) to divide the signals from the source onto the detectors. The measuring detectors (3, 5) have first identical infrared filters (8, 10) and the reference detectors (4, 6) have second identical infrared filters (9, 11).    USE - Used for monitoring air quality, for determining air impurities, for measuring the concentration of gases, e.g. carbon dioxide, methane and laughing gas, and for determining the alcohol concentration in the human breath.    ADVANTAGE - The device is reliable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device.    Measuring detectors (3, 5)    Reference detectors (4, 6)    Beam splitter (7)    First identical infrared filters (8, 10)    Second identical infrared filters (9, 11)
NOVELTY - Preparation of a catalyst for removing carbon monoxide (CO) from hydrogen-containing gas comprises ruthenium carried on a flame-resistant inorganic oxide carrier.    USE - The method is used in fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has improved activity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) the obtained catalyst; and    (ii) the removal of CO using the catalyst.
NOVELTY - A compact integrated fuel cell stack and internal selective oxidizer assembly (10) includes a fuel inlet manifold (29) in fluid communication with the fuel cell stack assembly (26); and an internal selective oxidizer bed (12) residing in the fuel inlet manifold.    USE - For oxidizing carbon monoxide in an automobile environment.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly reduces the overall volume and weight of the entire power plant. It permits the selective oxidizer to operate at low temperature to obviate the need for a separate heat exchanger to cool the oxidized gas. It is less expensive, less complex and more efficient to manufacture and operate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compact integrated fuel cell stack and internal selective oxidizer assembly includes a fuel inlet manifold in fluid communication with the fuel cell stack assembly; and an internal selective oxidizer bed residing in the fuel inlet manifold. The internal oxidizer bed has an input plenum to which fuel and oxidant sources are connected, and an output plenum which is connected to the fuel cell stack assembly. It includes a selective oxidation catalyst (14), and a heat exchanger fluid conduit (16) routed through the catalyst. A temperature sensor is provided in the internal oxidizer bed in connection to the heat exchange fluid conduit for controlling the temperature of the internal selective oxidizer bed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a simplified plan illustration of the compact integrated fuel cell stack and internal selective oxidizer assembly.    Compact integrated fuel cell stack and internal selective oxidizer assembly (10)    Internal selective oxidizer bed (12)    Selective oxidation catalyst (14)    Heat exchanger fluid conduit (16)    Fuel cell stack assembly (26)    Fuel inlet manifold (29)
NOVELTY - Providing a process for maximizing the recycling of a heterogeneous hazardous waste stream having an uncontrolled, fluctuating content of carbon, metal, and minerals into separate, non-hazardous recycled components.    USE - For recycling heterogeneous wastes, e.g. municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and hazardous chemical wastes, having an uncontrolled, fluctuating content of carbon, metal, and minerals into separate, non-hazardous recycled components.    ADVANTAGE - The method maximizes the recycling of the heterogeneous wastes, thus realizing economic gains from the resale of the commercial grade products avoiding excise taxes and fees associated with disposal of the waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recycling of heterogeneous waste comprises subjecting the waste to pyrolysis to produce a synthesis gas stream and a molten pyrolysis product having a variable composition of a mineral material and a metallic material. The synthesis gas stream comprises carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen. The molten pyrolysis product stream is converted to commercial grade solid materials, and the synthesis gas is converted to a commercial grade chemical.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for producing methanol from heterogeneous waste comprising subjecting the heterogeneous waste to pyrolysis to produce a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and CO, sensing the ratio of hydrogen and CO within the synthesis gas, adjusting the ratio of the hydrogen and CO components to 1.95:1-2:1 molecules of hydrogen/molecule of CO, and presenting the adjusted synthesis gas to a liquid phase methanol reactor
NOVELTY - The diameter of the discharge hole through which reaction gas is discharged from gas passage, is made greater than the diameter of supply hole which supplies reaction gas to the gas passage.    USE - Used in fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Improves gas distribution as exhaust gas is promptly discharged by increasing the diameter of discharge hole.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A complex liquid fertilizer containing organic component as a main component is prepared by using organic components that are produced by completely fermenting organic material, extracting active components from the fermented material, liquidizing it, and complementing some miscellaneous inorganic fertilizing elements to the liquid fertilizer. The fertilizer can facilitate the fertilization easily, reduce the amount of use, and help to recover the fertility of soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A complex liquid fertilizer is characteristically produced by the following steps of: a primary fermentation step wherein, defatted rice bran, sesame dregs, soybean cake, rapeseed cake, excrement from foul, pig and cow, and rice germ cake are fermented by aerobes for 3-4 days, under 20-30% of moisture content, at 35-50 deg.C, with aeration through oxygen inlet and gas outlet; a secondary fermentation step wherein, the primarily fermented mixture is further fermented for 3-4 days, under 20-30% of moisture content, at 35-50 deg.C, with aeration; mixing the fermented organic fertilizer, which is obtained by fermenting the above mixture in a non-aerobic fermentation chamber and water, in a ratio of 50 to 50; a primary extracting step in which active organic fertilizing liquid fragment is extracted from organic materials by third fermentation performed under non-aerobic condition at 30-50 deg.C for 48 hours; re-extracting liquid fertilizer from the once extracted material at 50 deg.C for 48 hours; and adding miscellaneous inorganic elements such as magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, iron, and calcium to the extracted liquid fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A fertilizer made of a various waste material and its manufacturing method are provided. Environmental pollution or soil is prevented from being acidified, thus the soil condition and crop yield plated is improved by employing a variety of waste materials into fertilizer manufacturing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An artificial fertilizer is characteristically produced by the following steps of:    (a) mixing waste amino acid from food condiment manufacturing process, activated charcoal discarded from complex food condiment production, sawdust and the like;    (b) fermenting the mixture in a fermentation chamber for 7 days then stirring;    (c) fermenting the mixture in a fermentation chamber for 3 days;    (d) sorting and grinding fermented mixture; and    (e) further fermenting the sorted and ground mixture.    The fertilizer is composed of 12 % of amino acid, 8 % of activated charcoal, 40 % of starch pulp, and 40 % of sawdust.
NOVELTY - Catalyst filler (71), consisting of catalyst for oxidation reaction, and fire-proof filler (72), consisting of refractories, are intermingled within the reaction container of fuel reformer.    USE - For reforming hydrocarbon and methanol to form hydrogen used in fuel cell or hydrogen engine.    ADVANTAGE - Formation of metallic compound is prevented. Reliability in reforming is improved. Temperature rise of catalyst near the gas outlet is prevented by providing greater ratio of catalyst filler near inflow opening, hence degradation of catalyst is prevented. Mixing of raw material gas is accelerated by providing fins in container.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Raw material gas inflow opening and reformed gas outlet (32) are provided in the reaction container. Fins are provided for diffusing heat produced by oxidation reaction. The ratio of catalyst to fire-proof filler near the inflow opening is set larger than that at the outlet. The raw material contains oxygen and water vapor which is supplied to hydrocarbon fuel to form hydrogen by oxidation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective view of cross-section of fuel reformer.    Gas outlet (32)    Catalyst filler (71)    Fire-proof filler (72)
NOVELTY - The production of hydrogen involves steam reforming a hydrocarbon in the presence of trace amounts of oxygen. The molar ratio of oxygen and carbon generated from the hydrocarbon is 0.001-0.3.    USE - For a fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is manufactured efficiently and stably in the presence of a trace amount of oxygen even when a heavy hydrocarbon such as paraffin oil is used as a raw material. Precipitation of carbon on the catalyst is suppressed.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen formation device (10) comprises a fuel inlet (25) for supplying oxygen and fuel containing hydrocarbon or methanol. A primary catalyst layer (22) which activates the oxidation reaction of fuel, and a hydrogen permeation film (24) which permeates the hydrogen formed by oxidation reaction are provided. The hydrogen permeated from the film is ejected through an outlet (30).    USE - For forming hydrogen used for fuel cells and hydrogen engines.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen formed by oxidation reaction and water gas shift reaction in primary and secondary catalyst layers, respectively is effectively permeated through the hydrogen permeation film. The hydrogen formation efficiency is improved by using simple and compact hydrogen formation device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen formation device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen formation device (10)    Inner tube (20)    Outer tube (21)    Primary catalyst layer (22)    Secondary catalyst layer (23)    Hydrogen permeation film (24)    Fuel inlet (25)    Water vapor inlet (28)    Hydrogen outlet (30)
NOVELTY - Purification method of waste gas containing nitrogen oxide and methane involves, contacting waste gas with a catalyst which reduces nitrogen oxide in presence of hydrocarbons, followed by contacting the waste gas with an oxidation catalyst. The oxidation catalyst consists of tin oxide carried on a palladium support.    USE - For purifying combustion exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxide and methane.    ADVANTAGE - The conversion ratio of methane in waste gas with high moisture content is high. The catalyst has high resistance against the catalytic activity reducing effect of sulfur oxide contained in waste gas. High catalytic activity and waste gas purification ability are maintained. The reduction of nitrogen oxide and methane emission inhibition are performed simultaneously by introducing waste gas into waste gas purifier containing reduction catalyst layer and oxidation catalyst layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for combustion exhaust gas purifier.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system has an air line (R) which leads air from a reformer (51) to a laminated cell stack body (7), arranged at its upstream end.    USE - For automatic two and three wheeled vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - By securing the cooling property through the air line supplying air, the thermal efficiency of the vehicle is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cell stack body (7) houses several cells and the reformer (51) which generates hydrogen gas is arranged at the front and rear side of the chassis.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the vehicle with the fuel cell system and the drive system.    Cell stack (7)    Reformer (51)    Air line (R)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system has container filled with hydrogen occlusion alloy which carried out fluoride process, into which gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CO) is passed. Methanation of CO by catalytic action of hydrogen occlusion alloy is carried out, and CO is removed. The gas containing hydrogen is supplied to the fuel electrode of fuel cell.    USE - For fuel cells using hydrogen occlusion alloy, and gas free of CO, purge gas and off-gas are used as fuel for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon monoxide is removed easily from gas containing hydrogen and CO.
NOVELTY - A process for utilizing more than 80% of waste saccharide liquid in preparing citric acid by calcium salt method features the waste saccharide liquid can be cyclically used to mix it with raw material. Its advantages are less sewage to be treated, less investment, saving water and no influence to product.
NOVELTY - An electronically conducting fuel cell component includes a porous metal flow field (2), an intermediate layer bonded directly to the porous metal flow field, and an electrode bonded directly to the intermediate layer.    USE - Used for an electrochemical fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention eliminates the need for tie rods or other mechanical pressure to keep the electrical contact of the fuel cell component layers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of making the electronically conducting fuel cell component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow field-bipolar plate assembly having an electrically conducting gas barrier and porous metal flow fields bonded to each side by continuous metallurgic bonds.    Porous metal flow field (2)
NOVELTY - Regular catalyst combustion is made to occur in the mutually connected inner and outer catalyst combustion portions by fluid communication portion having fixed relation among fluid resistors of inner, outer and communication portion. The warming catalyst combustion is also caused to occur in the inner catalyst combustion portion.    USE - In fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst combustor is supplied with necessary quantities of fuel and oxidizer to provide adequate heat medium in start up as well as regular run, without provision of sets of valves and actuators.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Fuel cell system;    (b) Fuel reforming system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises a reformer generating hydrogen-containing gas as starting fuel. The reforming fuel and oxidizing agent are first supplied to the reformer when the fuel cell system is started, and a rise in temperature of the reformer is begun by a partial oxidation reaction of the reforming fuel and the oxidation agent.    USE - For automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive fuel cell system is capable of shortening a starting time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of controlling a fuel cell system having the above reformer.
NOVELTY - A methanol reforming catalyst comprises a first catalytic component containing copper oxide and zinc oxide, and a second catalytic component containing metal oxide and platinum or palladium.    USE - The catalyst is used in a methanol gas reforming reaction for generating hydrogen-containing gas that is used for a fuel gas supplied to a fuel cell used in a power source of a mobile body, e.g. car and ship.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive methanol reforming catalyst has excellent durability and high catalytic performance. It omits the heating apparatus for the steam reaction and the reducing apparatus for using copper-zinc based catalyst. It decreases the carbon monoxide concentration in the reformed gas and stably accelerates auto-thermal reforming process for a longer time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a method of reforming methanol comprising contacting a mixed gas containing methanol, steam, and oxygen with the second catalytic component, and contacting a reformed gas and the mixed gas with the first catalytic component;    (B) a methanol reformer comprising a gas inlet port, a reactor vessel, and a gas outlet port;    (C) a methanol reforming apparatus comprising a methanol supply source, an oxygen supply source, a steam supply source, the methanol reformer, and pipes supplying methanol, oxygen and steam to the methanol reformer; and    (D) a fuel cell system comprising the methanol reforming apparatus, a fuel cell, a pipe supplying a reformed gas to the fuel cell, and a pipe supplying a gas containing oxygen to the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A reaction mixture-furnishing apparatus comprises an air in-feed, a fuel in-feed (22), a water vapor generator and a liquid water in-feed (25), each having a regulating mechanism. A control unit communicates with the above components.    USE - For furnishing a reaction mixture for a reforming catalyst of a fuel cell assembly for automotive use.    ADVANTAGE - The invention furnishes adequate hydrogen flow rate immediately after cold starting. The liquid water in-feed is increased both in the cold starting phase and upon an increase in the power demand to the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for operating an apparatus for furnishing a reaction mixture for a reforming catalyst of a fuel assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view through a combined liquid water and fuel in-feed.    Fuel in-feed (22)    Liquid water in feed (25)    Water cooling mechanism (38)    Regulating fuel valve (40)    Swirl insert (42)    Multiple-hole insert (50)
NOVELTY - A bipolar plate (50) has multiple flow channels (52,54) formed on both sides of support plate (55), so that the channels on one side are perpendicular to channels on other side. The channels have a depth effective to form openings through the plate at their intersections (56). Electrically conductive foils (58,62) are provided on both sides of the plate which make electrical contact (64) mutually at the openings.    USE - In fuel cell assembly (claimed) to separate fuel and oxidizing reaction gases on opposite sides of plate.    ADVANTAGE - Withstands high clamping pressure with the use of metal foils that are thin enough to be readily stamped. Light in weight and inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows isometric plan view of the bipolar plate.    Bipolar plate (50)    Support plate (55)    Intersection (56)    Electrically conductive foils (58,62)    Electrical contact (64)
NOVELTY - An isolated polynucleotide selected from a polynucleotide (P1) encoding an enzyme having carboxymethyl cellulose activity and comprising a fully defined 317 amino acid sequence given in specification a polynucleotide (P2) which hybridizes to and which is at least 70% identical to (P1).    USE - The polynucleotide is useful for the degradation of cellulose, for conversion of plant biomass into fuels and chemicals, in the textile industry, in detergents, in animal feed, in waste treatment, in fruit juice/brewing industry for clarification and extraction of juices, to generate probes for identifying sequences encoding similar enzymes from other organisms, as immunogen to produce monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a vector comprising the isolated polynucleotide;    (2) a host cell transformed with the vector;    (3) production of a carboxymethyl cellulose comprising expressing from the host cell the encoded enzyme;    (4) production of cells capable of expressing a carboxymethyl cellulose comprising transforming the host cells with the vector; and    (5) an isolated polynucleotide selected from:    (i) a polynucleotide (P3) having a fully defined 951 amino acid sequence given in the specification;    (ii) a polynucleotide (P4) similar to (P3) except that in the fully defined 951 amino acid sequence T can also be U;    (iii) nucleic acid sequences complementary to (i) and (ii); and    (iv) fragments of (i), (ii) or (iii) that are at least 15 bases in length. These fragments under moderate to highly stringent conditions hybridize to the polynucleotide, encoding the fully defined 317 amino acid sequence.
NOVELTY - Provided is a method for composting organic waste such as food leftovers, animal excrement or waste water sludge, by drying organic waste to have optimum moisture content as compost, and crushing it. Thereby, waste except landfill or incineration can be recycled as a compost with a good quality or animal fodder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composting device of organic waste such as food left overs or waste water sludge is characteristically consists of: a collector(100) for compressing organic wastes by rotation of screw and supplying it to the device; a heat wind generator(220) for drying the organic waste; a dry miller(200) in which the waste having a form of minute particles is scattered in the air and dried by the heat blow from the heat wind generator(220); a compost separator(300) which separates the waste particles and gas having bad smell by using whirlwind; a suction means which sucks the gas from the dry miller and separator; and a bad smell remover(400).
NOVELTY - A combustion section (3) is formed by a rotary combustion wall (31) and a peripheral wall (32) disposed at one edge of heating chamber (1). Air supplied through a path (48) passes through air inflow holes (43) and leads to an inner peripheral wall (42) in a tangential direction. An ignition device ignites fuel gushing out of the combustion wall.    USE - For combusting industrial wastes, waste oil such as engine oil, used plastics, used tires.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of horizontal heating chamber ensures stable combustion without using any mechanical structures for fuel spraying. Since fuel such as waste oil gushes to the rotary combustion wall provided at one edge of the horizontal heating chamber, combustion space extends vertically and hence stability of combustion is improved. Since centrifugal forces and force of gravity make the waste oil to spread in the combustion section, fuel evaporation is done effectively. Since air is supplied through several air flow holes, tangentially to the inner peripheral wall of the air introduction chamber, formation of dioxins, dark harmful smoke and chemicals is reduced. Safe combustion work environment is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel supply device supplies fuel to the combustion wall. An air supply device comprises an air introduction chamber (41) formed by respective inner, outer peripheral walls (42,44).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the heating chamber.    Heating chamber (1)    Combustion section (3)    Rotary combustion wall (31)    Peripheral walls (32,42,44)    Air introduction chamber (41)    Inflow holes (43)    Path (48)
NOVELTY - Coulometer for measuring biochemical oxygen demand comprising a cell culture containing the sample and carbon dioxide adsorbent that further comprises aerobic microorganisms, and an electrolysis cell, both connected by a vent pipe, is new.    USE - For measuring the biochemical oxygen demand of sewage waste water. Also useful for medical fields, chemical engineering, agriculture and fishery.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus size is compact by integrating electrolysis cell and manometer. Leakage of any gas is decreased and measurement can be performed accurately.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A coulometer comprises a culture cell (11) provided with sample, a carbon dioxide absorber (12) containing aerobic microorganism, and an electrolysis cell (14) containing an electrolyte. Both cells are connected through the vent pipe (13) fixed with positive and negative electrodes. Increases in electrolyte levels are detected by a liquid sensor provided inside (13). Oxygen generated during electrolysis is supplied to (11). The increase in electrolyte level is detected by a liquid sensor provided to the vent pipe. A relay circuit (16) passes an electric current between the electrodes and electrolysis is performed. Oxygen generated during electrolysis is supplied from positive electrode to culture cell through vent pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of detecting part of coulometer.    Culture cell (11)    Carbon dioxide absorbent (12)    Vent pipe (13)    Electrolysis cell (14)    Relay circuit (16)
NOVELTY - Reformer (1) comprises tube shaped modification unit (MU) (2) provided along combustion gas flow path (4), combustion unit (3) and air chamber (11) provided along inner side of (4). Reformed gas rich in hydrogen is formed in MU by water vapor modification reaction (WMR). Combustion unit supplies combustion gas used as heat source for WMR. MU is provided at the outer side of reformer above combustion unit.    USE - For forming reformed gas rich in hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The combusted gas is passed close to modification unit, hence heat of combusted gas is effectively transferred to reformer. The modification unit is maintained warm by the heat radiated from heat radiating unit, hence heat energy of combustion gas can be effectively transferred to modification unit. Heat generation by combustion gas is accelerated by introducing air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of reformer. (Includes non-English language text).    Reformer (1)    Modification unit (2)    Combustion unit (3)    Combustion gas flow path (4)    Air chamber (11)    Heat radiating transfer unit (14)
NOVELTY - A reaction chamber (1) has a housing with an inlet (3) for the waste material, an outlet (4) for solid residual material (5) and a gas inlet (6) and a gas outlet (7). V-shaped chamber walls (10, 12) of the housing and the reaction zone (9) between them are arranged on a slant.    USE - For the thermal treatment of calorific waste material such as car tires, wood waste and household waste.    ADVANTAGE - Different types of waste can be treated without using crushing devices.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reaction chamber (1) has a housing with an inlet (3) for the waste material, an outlet (4) for solid residual material (5) and a gas inlet (6) and a gas outlet (7). V-shaped chamber walls (10, 12) of the housing and the reaction zone (9) between them are arranged on a slant. A reaction zone limiting wall (11) with gas through-holes is arranged in the reaction chamber and openings (3) for the waste material, gas inlet and for the reaction gas produced by the thermal treatment are arranged in the upper part of the reaction chamber.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for operating the reaction chamber.    Preferred Features: Guiding plates (13, 14) are formed in the chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the reaction chamber.    Reaction chamber (1)    Inlet for waste material (3)    Outlet for residual material (4)    Solid residual material (5)    Gas inlet (6)    Gas outlet (7)    Reaction zone (9)    Chamber walls (10, 12)    Reaction zone limiting wall (11)    Guiding plates (13, 14)
NOVELTY - Waste treatment process comprises sorting untreated waste into solid and liquid forms, heat treating, thermally separating, , forming a high temperature melt from the residue, compacting, producing synthesis gas, forming a stabilization zone and discharging the gas, then cooling the gas immediately on discharge to 150degreesC and also to below 90degreesC    USE - For industrial and household waste (claimed), e.g. oil, batteries, paints, dyes, toxic slurry, hospital waste and medicaments.    ADVANTAGE - No harmful emissions are produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Waste treatment process comprises sorting untreated waste into solid and liquid forms, heat treating, thermally separating, forming a high temperature melt from the residue, compacting, producing synthesis gas, forming a stabilization zone and discharging the gas, then cooling the gas immediately on discharge to 150degreesC and also to below 90degreesC.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the apparatus used comprising an oxygen inlet, low and high temperature zones, a stabilization zone, a gas outlet, a gas cooling zone and a water injection device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an apparatus for the treatment of waste. (1) Press (2) press plate (5) unheated region (6) sliding oven (10) high-temperature reactor (14) container (16) post-treatment reactor (20) gas-permeable bed (30) raw synthesis gas inlet (31,33,38) pipe (35) gas generator.
NOVELTY - Process for treating a material in a reactor (3) with a reaction chamber (21) containing catalyst allows the active cross-section of the reaction chamber to be altered, depending on the process parameters. The pressure in the reactor and a distribution pipe (19) connected to it is used provide access to or seal off the catalyst in one or both of these.    USE - In a fuel cell, for oxidation of CO in a hydrogen-rich gas mixture, or for reforming reactions to produce hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a device for carrying out the process comprising a spring piston (17, 18) mounted in the reactor or distribution pipe which is compressed against a mounting (20) by the pressure on the material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the reactor.    Reactor (3)    Spring piston (17, 18)    Distribution pipe (19)    Mounting (20)    Reaction chamber (21)    Reaction channels (22)
NOVELTY - The thermal chloration reaction gas is undergone the process of alkali washing, neutralization, cooling and dewatering to obtain C1 or C2 paraffin chloride, then the obtained paraffin chloride is undergone the processes of variable temp. adsorption and layer-by-layer stripping chlorination to obtain C1-C2 chloride. Said invention utilizes the characteristics of active carbon fibre (cloth or felt)to make surface adsorption and stripping without residual so as to resolve the difficult problem of that use of granular active carbon to make desorption have high residual, low yield and high cost.
NOVELTY - The method for removing hydrogen-containing tail gas and utilizing one is characterized by that firstly the hydrogen-containing tail gas is passed through the buffer separation tank to remove its liquid phase component, then a compressor is used to increase pressure to 3.2-3.7 MPa, then a part of said tail gas is fed into desulfurizing system of the hydrogen-making equipment to return hydrogen instead of system, and the other part is fed into conversion furnace of hydrogen-making equipment to recover hydrogen gas and methane.
NOVELTY - A refrigerant for a vapor compression refrigeration device with a saturation pressure equivalent to that of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-12, hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)-134a, or other equivalent refrigerant contains 0-80% mass fraction hydrocarbon and 20-70% mass fraction non-flammable additive or low flammability suppressant substance.    USE - Used as a working fluid or as a refrigerant for a vapor compression refrigeration device. It can be used as a replacement for CFC-12, HFC-134a, or equivalent refrigerants. It can also be used for other purposes such as propellant, blowing agent or solvent.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is less flammable, non-toxic, non-corrosive and harmless to refrigeration system components. It has lower ozone depleting potential (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP) to hydro-chlorofluorocarbon (HCFC). It also improves the refrigeration system performance (COP increases by 10-20%) and provides less refrigerant charge (50-60% less) compared to that of CFC-12 or HFC-134a.
NOVELTY - A membrane electrode assembly (30) is formed from a proton conducting membrane (24), preferably a polymer electrolyte, placed between the anode and the cathode conductors, typically a conventional carbon cloth material. The membrane electrode assembly is formed with a catalyst selected for the particular application. A number of membrane electrode assemblies are placed alternately in series with bipolar plates (18) which electrically connect anodes (22) and cathodes (26) of adjacent cells to form an electrochemical cell stack. End plates contact the end sheets (14) of corrugated material and are loaded to compress the stack. The bipolar plates include separators (16) between sheets of corrugated material to define flow channels on both sides. Perforations in the material permit fluid transfer between the two sets of flow channels.    USE - Provides an improved membrane electrode assembly and flow channel arrangement for electrochemical cells.    ADVANTAGE - A sandwich of metal sheets for use in electrochemical cells e.g. fuel cells, provides a compact, inexpensive flow distribution assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of one electrochemical cell using flow channel assemblies.    End sheets (14)    Separator (16)    Anode (22)    Membrane (24)    Cathode (26)    Assembly (30)
NOVELTY - Microchannel (51) outlet openings (53) of the first (41) and/or second (50) layer are smaller that the corresponding inlet openings (52). In addition or alternatively, microchannel (51) outlet openings (53) of the of the first (41) and/or second layers (50) differ in geometric shape from their corresponding inlet openings (52). Resistance to flow of the medium passed through, is lower at the inlet openings (52) than at the corresponding outlet openings (53).    USE - A micro-structured heat exchanger. It suits diverse applications as e.g. a condenser, evaporator or reactor. Of special interest is use as an evaporator forming part of a steam hydrocarbon reformer required to feed vehicle fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The design introduces flow resistance which damps pulsations arising either in the evaporator itself, or in external circuits. Troublesome in themselves, if such oscillations are not stopped, they can also build up until damage is caused. The design also tends to suppress emission of non-evaporated droplets.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A perspective view of the micro-structured heat exchanger is presented.    first layer (41)    second layer (50)    microchannel (51)    inlet openings (52)    outlet openings (53)
NOVELTY - A solid polymer electrochemical fuel cell stack (10), includes end plate and tie rod assemblies (15,20,30) and a number of fuel cells (25). Each fluid cell assembly comprises an MEA (45), or membrane electrode assembly, between two fuel cell separator plates (35,40). These plate have fluid channels formed in their surfaces which face the MEA, to assist with fuel fluid stream distribution across their active areas. Within the thickness of the plate, the channel is isolated from the inlet and outlet, so that in a fuel assembly, the reactor fluid must pass through the adjacent fluid permeable electrode to travel through the channel.    USE - Provides an improved fuel-cell separator plate with discreet fluid distribution features.    ADVANTAGE - Within the thickness of the plate, the channel is isolated from fluid inlets or outlets.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of a fluid cell stack which includes separator plates having discreet fluid distribution channels.    Cell stack (10)    End plate and tie rod assemblies (15,20,30)    Fuel cells (25)    Separator plates (35,40)    MEA (45)
NOVELTY - The valves (18,19) control the flow rate of oxygen and hydrogen content gas to be supplied to a fuel cell (11). A control unit (23) opens the control valves to supply respective gases into the fuel cell, as purge fluid to remove water from the fuel cell, in response to the load condition of the motor vehicle.    USE - Fuel cell system for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates removing the accumulated water from the fuel cell without deteriorating the driving performance of the speeding vehicle and the operating performance of the fuel cell system. Deterioration of the operating performance of the fuel cell due to blocking of fine pores of the electrolyte membranes are effectively prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of controlling fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (11)    Valves (18,19)    Control unit (23)
NOVELTY - An evaporator that evaporates the fuel using the heat gas produced by combustor, includes liquid sump section with variable volume. A volume control device (70) controls volume of liquid sump section, so that demanded amount of fuel vapor is produced. A reformer (30) reforms fuel vapor to produce reformed gas. A fuel cell (40) is supplied with reformed gas and gas containing oxygen to generate electric power.    USE - In vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - By controlling volume of liquid sump section, fuel vapor is produced at a demanded amount to meet load variation of a vehicle. As fuel cell generates electric power using reformed gas and gas containing oxygen, all of the hydrogen contained in the gases are not consumed, and exhaust air and exhaust reformed gas emitted from fuel cell are returned to combustor through a condenser.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system controlling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of basic structure of fuel cell powered vehicle with fuel cell system.    Reformer (30)    Fuel cell (40)    Volume control device (70)
NOVELTY - The humidifier (2) has bypass channel formed with an inlet that introduces the gas flowing outside a hollow fiber membrane into a housing, and an outlet that discharges the gas flowing outside the hollow fiber membrane. The bypass channel has a larger diameter than that of the hollow fiber membrane.    USE - For fuel cell system used as power source for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Has improved moisture recovery ratio since sufficient water exchange is performed even at portions near the ends of the hollow fiber membranes stored within the housing. Ensures effective moisture exchange and enhanced moisture recovery since gas can be supplied over the entire area of the hollow fiber membranes. Performs moisture exchange with higher efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The bypass channel is formed on the center portion of the housing in cross-lengthwise direction along the housing. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) the fuel cell system using the humidifier;    (b) and the humidification process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell system using the humidifier.    Humidifier (2)
NOVELTY - Provided is an apparatus for cutting/fermenting food wastes, into which chemicals or aerobic microorganisms are selectively added according to main ingredients of food wastes to accelerate fermentation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - This apparatus(1) consists of an upper drum(2) in which a hopper(3) is installed in the middle of the upper drum and a booth(6) is formed at right side(4) and left side(4a) respectively; a lower drum(2a) in which booths(6a, 6b) are formed at the right side(7) and left side(7a) corresponding to the booth(6) of the upper drum; a bearing(5) through which a rotation axis(8) is laid is inserted in the booth(6, 6a, 6b). On the circumferential surface of the rotation axis, three supports(9, 9a, 9b) which are twisted at a certain angle are formed to fix a blade plate(10) being fastened by a fixing means(j).
NOVELTY - A method for preparing stock farming compost is provided to supply to a farmhouse high quality of compost at an inexpensive price as minimizing treatment cost, prevent water pollution due to livestock waste water by relatively simplifying the process and shortening a ripening time, and to sufficiently supply nutrition to crops in case of applying compost to the soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the processes of mixing the materials with an agitator for about 4 to 6 hours after adding 30 wt.% of chicken droppings as a moisture controlling agent and 10 wt.% of zeolite powder sieved by a sieve having a mesh size of 300 or more which has a high antioxidizing power and prevents putrefying bacteria to 60 wt.% of swine droppings having a moisture content of 80% or less, and fermenting for approximately 15 to 30 days by putting the mixed material into a fermenting chamber.
NOVELTY - A process for preparing solid fuel by mixing an aged mixture of animal oil and petroleum oil with livestock excretion, forming in a specified size and drying is provided which produces fuel of high inflammability as a new energy source at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - This solid fuel is prepared by a process consisting of uniformly mixing petroleum and oil animal oil in a weight ratio of 1 : 5.66 to 19 and aging for 1 to 2 days, kneading the mixture with livestock excretion in a weight ratio of 1 : 2.5 to 3, forming in a specified form and drying.
(KR2001016397-A)   NOVELTY - An excretion based fertilizer is prepared by after-ripening a mixture of 90-95% swine, cattle or human excrement and 5 to 10% of a microbial agent containing species of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Arthrobactor genus, Cellulomonas uda, Bacillus megaterium, Micrococcus genus, Thiobacillus novellas genus and of Saccaromyces cerevisiae.    USE - The fertilizer is useful as a fertilizer for crops and improving the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil .    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer neutralizes acidified soil and improves the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the soil. The fertilizer increases the activity of microbes in the soil and prevents crop damage from disease and insects.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An excretion based fertilizer is prepared by after-ripening a mixture of 90-95% swine, cattle or human excrement and 5 to 10% of a microbial agent containing 3 species of Bacillus subtilis, 4 species of Bacillus thuringiensis, 1 species of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 3 species of Arthrobactor genus, 1 species of Cellulomonas uda, 1 species of Bacillus megaterium, 1 species of Micrococcus genus, 1 species of Thiobacillus novellas genus and 1 species of Saccaromyces cerevisiae.
NOVELTY - A method for preventing putrefaction of organic waste with high moisture content is provided. According to this method, when organic waste with high water is stored and moved for composting, Methionine Hydroxy Analogue (MHA) is added for preventing putrefaction of organic waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The Methionine Hydroxy Analogue (MHA) comprises 1 wt.% of vitamin C, 1 wt.% of propylene glycol, 10 wt.% of water, and 88 wt.% of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthio-butanoic acid (HMB). The MHA is mixed with organic waste in a weight ratio of 1:99 from 10:90.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for manufacturing carbonized material, comprises a heat retention unit (4) which contacts the outer air of transfer line. The organic waste is passed through the transfer line (3a,3b,3c,3d) in a carbonization furnace (3), and the organic waste is carbonized by heating with combustion gas from the transfer line outside part.    USE - for manufacturing carbonized material from organic waste of stock raising waste material, sludge from sewage treatment process, livestock dung, residues from animals and plants.    ADVANTAGE - The adherence and deposition of tar in the transfer line, is prevented. The maintenance and operation of the apparatus is easy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of carbonized material manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbonization furnace (3)    Transfer line (3a,3b,3c,3d)    Heat retention unit (4)
NOVELTY - A reheater burner (70) receives waste hydrogen from fuel cell (1) and performs combustion of the hydrogen in presence of a catalyst. The reheater burner then reheats warm water by using heat resulting from combustion of hydrogen.    USE - For electricity generation and hot water supply.    ADVANTAGE - Time required to switch ON a reheater burner is shortened and fuel burning temperature is reduced, hence performance of reheater burner is enhanced and occurrence of toxic substance is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)    Reheater burner (70)
NOVELTY - The biogas generating plant has hydrogen fermentation part (1) which carries out anaerobic fermentation of organic waste liquid using hydrogen formation microbe to form hydrogen and methane raw material organic substance. A methane fermentation part (3) is provided to perform anaerobic fermentation of methane raw material organic substance using methane microbe to form methane.    USE - For generation of biogas such as methane.    ADVANTAGE - The biogas generating plant reduces biological oxygen demand of organic waste liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of biogas generating plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen fermentation part (1)    Methane fermentation part (3)
NOVELTY - Catalyst body for hydrocarbon fuel reforming (1) consists of a catalyst layer which is supported by a support (2) having a honey comb cross-section of metals. The hydrocarbon fuel is reduced to hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide referred to a conversion gas from which carbon monoxide concentration is reduced by selective oxidation.    USE - For use in fuel cells for use as electric power source for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Catalyst body for hydrocarbon fuel reforming with metal support, has excellent mechanical capability, especially, impact resistance property and provides reduced pressure loss to passage of hydrocarbon fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the catalyst body for hydrocarbon fuel reforming.    Catalyst body for hydrocarbon fuel reforming (1)    Support (2)
NOVELTY - A catalyst containing active metal and zirconium oxide is used during the modification of methanol which is carried out by reacting methanol with water vapor or a mixed gas of oxygen and water vapor.    USE - For modifying methanol and manufacturing hydrogen gas used in fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - The methanol modification catalyst has high durability and activity. Methanol is converted into hydrogen-containing gas with high efficiency and reduction of hydrogen becomes unnecessary. The amount of carbon monoxide formed in the process is reduced. Reformed gas with high hydrogen content is obtained with high efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of a catalyst comprising active metal carried on support containing zirconium oxide. Active metal selected from platinum, palladium, ruthenium, iridium and rhodium is impregnated into an aqueous solution containing zirconium oxide selected from zirconium oxy chloride, zirconium oxy nitrate and zirconium hydroxide and subjected to ion exchange followed by baking the obtained precipitate.
NOVELTY - The method involves performing heat-decomposition of molten waste plastic in presence of gallium containing silicate catalyst, and hydrogen is recovered from the obtained decomposed product.    USE - For processing waste plastic such polyolefin or polypropylene obtained from city refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient processing of waste plastic with generation of useful hydrogen with high efficiency, hence hydrogen can be produced at low cost.
NOVELTY - Equipment for precisely-controlled supply of organic solids to a biogas fermenter comprises a conveying system that includes an inclined belt conveyor (9), and a dosing screw (12) which projects into the fermenter interior (11) and a mixing and supply vessel (20) coupled to a weigher (21), permitting precise dosing into the vessel (20) and/or fermenter.    USE - The equipment is used to feed a fermenter at a controlled rate. The fermenter can process virtually any type of organic waste or sludge, especially farm wastes from agriculture and/or animal husbandry, producing biogas and digested waste, used e.g. as fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Fermenter charging can be controlled to promote optimum gas yield. Mixing forms a defined feedstock, whilst dosing ensures its controlled supply in terms of constant rate of weight addition. Continuous small additions at a suitable height in the fermenter, prevents excessive introduction, with resultant floating of the feedstock or sinking to the bottom, which detract from steady operation of the fermentation process. Sudden pressure increases are also avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic cross section through the plant is seen.    Inclined belt conveyor (9)    Fermenter interior (12)    Dosing screw (20)    Mixing and supply vessel (21)    Weigher (11)    Weighing beam system (28)    Dosing unit (29)    Controller (22,23)
NOVELTY - The present invention adopts resolution method, and directly uses saturated steam with a certain pressure to implement innocent treatment of urban domestic refuse and sludge in special-made resolution tank, after 2 hr., it can kill all microbes and parasitic ovums and make extenuation treatment of refuse and sludge. After having been resolved, the refuse and sludge are discharged by means of spray-discharging method and undergone the screening treatment, and the screened product can be made into building material, RDF fuel and nutrient soil, etc.. Said treatment process has no secondary pollution, and is simple and easy to implement, and its production cost is low.
NOVELTY - The biological bacteria fertilizer is compounded by using Chinese medicinal materials actinolite, rough gentian, fossil fragments and red sage flower as main components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - During the compounding, actinolite, rough gentian, fossil fragments, red sage flower, animal dung, bran cake and other organic matter and bacterial colony in certain proportion are mixed through stirring, and the mixture is fermented into the fertilizer. The biological bacteria fertilizer can improve the quality of crop effectively and will not harden soil and pollute environment as chemical fertilizer does.
NOVELTY - Petrolization process involves shredding organic wastes, drying, mixing with powdered iron and salt catalysts. Hydrogen gas is injected into an oxygen-free reactor under constant pressure, and heated to 380-450 degreesC. The wastes are thermolyzed-hydrogenated to form liquid similar top crude petroleum. Mixtures of gases, liquids and solids are then extracted from the reactor.    USE - For production of crude petroleum from organic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Natural sources of crude petroleum are not renewable, and are present only in some regions. The invention provides crude petroleum that is available widely. The raw materials used comprise all kinds of organic waste, and taking only a short time to make crude is thus a profitable solution to waste disposal. The mixture of liquids can then be treated as crude, and hence can yield a number of fuel types.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Petrolization process to produce mixtures of liquids similar to crude petroleum from thermolysis-hydrogenation of organic wastes involves shredding organic wastes to no more than 10 mm, drying to 5-15% humidity, mixing 2-15% (total weight) of a powdered iron catalyst, and mixing 2-15% (total weight) of a powdered salt catalyst. Hydrogen gas is injected into an oxygen-free reactor under constant pressure of 1500-3000 psi, and heated to 380-450 degreesC. The wastes are thermolyzed-hydrogenated for 115-60 minutes to form liquid similar top crude petroleum. Mixtures of gases, liquids and solids are then extracted from the reactor.
NOVELTY - An incineration plant includes a material deaeration chamber which is upstream of a thermal cracking chamber (5) and is separated from the thermal cracking chamber by a seal valve.    USE - For refuse-derived fuels.    ADVANTAGE - The plant has much lower operating costs than known plants. It generates combustion products which are non-polluting or of very low pollution, and can be reutilized in the form of fuel gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An incineration plant comprises a thermal cracking chamber through which gases generated by a reactor pass, a feed cylinder (1) for feeding the material to the thermal cracking chamber, a reactor for receiving the material which has passed through the thermal cracking chamber, and an auxiliary burner (75) for bringing the material in the thermal cracking chamber and in the reactor to high temperature. The upstream of the cracking chamber has a material deaeration chamber that is separated from the thermal cracking chamber by a seal valve.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process of incinerating refuse derived fuels to obtain fuel gas comprising subjecting the material to deaeration, and advancing a bed of material within a vacuum environment insulated from the outside (thermal cracking chamber). A temperature of 400-600 degrees C is maintained by the countercurrent flow of hot gases which lap the material. The material which has passed through the thermal cracking chamber is fed to a reactor which is subjected to 1200-1800 degrees C. To the entry of the thermal cracking chamber, the gases are drawn-off together with the gases which have lapped the bed material to maintain the thermal cracking chamber under vacuum. The drawn-off gases is fed to the discharge conduit. The gases are purified and filtered for use as fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is scheme of the plant.    Feed cylinder (1)    Thermal cracking chamber (5)    Scrubber (8)    Pump (51)    Auxiliary burner (75)    Tank (77)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbonaceous material is recovered by adding non-condensable gas to the oxygen-containing mixture to suppress flammability; and condensing the hydrocarbonaceous material.    USE - For recovering hydrocarbonaceous material from vaporous oxygen-containing mixture.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides a safe and economical process for recovering condensable hydrocarbons without costly and elaborate absorbers and subsequent processing equipment.
NOVELTY - A control unit (5) increases drawing power of a hydrogen draw pump (12) and decreases the opening degree of hydrogen control valve (11), when the moisture inside the fuel cell stack is excessive and opens the hydrogen control valve for purging moisture from the fuel cell stack.    USE - Polymer electrolyte fuel cell system for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since moisture is purged from fuel stack by controlling opening degree of hydrogen control valve and by controlling drawing power of hydrogen control valve, the purge of moisture is desirably performed with an extremely simplified structure. Moisture is efficiently purged at desired timings without sacrifice to basic operation of fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of controlling a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system.    Control unit (5)    Hydrogen control valve (11)    Hydrogen draw pump (12)
NOVELTY - A presumption unit (32) produces an output representing ingredient concentration of exhaust reformed gas using given parameters. The output temperature of a combustor (14) is controlled in response to presumed output and detected temperature. Parameter correction data is produced in response to parameter correction discriminating output to correct given parameter of reformed gas ingredient concentration presumption unit.    USE - In e.g. fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Output temperature of combustor is controlled so as to restrain the influence due to the disturbance caused by variation in the ingredient concentration of the reformed gas. The reformed gas ingredient concentration presumption unit is not adversely affected when the ingredient concentration of reformed gas changes, hence provides highly improved response time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of controlling a fuel system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of a fuel cell system.    Combustor (14)    Reformed gas ingredient concentration presumption unit (32)
NOVELTY - An air supply control device (27) comprising at least one rod can be secured to different positions on the perforated plate between one of the compost device walls and the compost. The control device extends parallel to the compost device base and fills the space between the perforated plate and the adjoining wall.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - An ideal composting environment is created by having a constantly open exit for draining the material being composted, and by having a variable air supply, which reduces composting time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compost device comprises a base panel (1), a front wall (3), two side walls, a rear wall (9) and a cover (10). The walls and cover are insulated (14) on the inside. A gap (12) is left between the base panel and walls around at least part of the panel periphery, the gap width being 3-20 (3-7) mm. In front of one of the walls, preferably the front wall, is at least one perforated plate. An air supply control device comprising at least one rod can be secured to different positions on the perforated plate. The control device extends parallel to the base panel and its dimensions are chosen so that it essentially fills the space between the perforated plate and the adjoining wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 5 shows a cross-section of the compost vessel.    Base panel (1)    Front wall (3)    Rear wall (9)    Cover (10)    Planks (11)    Gap between base panel and walls (12)    Bolts (13)    Synthetic foam insulation (14)    Handle (15)    Partition wall (18)    Air supply control device (27)    Magnets (28)
NOVELTY - Novel biofilter has casing with light-transmitting walls and illuminating devices positioned outside casing. Flat transparent spiral with glass fiber bundles on its lower and end surfaces is positioned inside casing on drive shaft. The latter is mounted on flexible support so as to cooperate with vibrator. Mash sprayer and methane discharge branch pipe are positioned in upper part of biofilter casing. Biogas supplying branch pipe and branch pipe communicated with centrifugal microfilter are positioned in lower part of biofilter. Biogas produced in methane tank is supplied by blower into biofilter casing and sprayed with mash by means of mash sprayer. Biofilm of chlorella and bacteria formed on spiral and glass fiber bundles absorbs biogas components under photosynthesis conditions. Apart from methane, practically pure methane is discharged into gas collector to be further utilized as fuel. Biomass is delivered into disintegrator for reprocessing. Biofilter may be used in farms for reprocessing of agricultural wastes and obtaining commercial products.    USE - The biofilter is used in agricultural applications.    ADVANTAGE - Wider operational capabilities and simplified construction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic drawing of a biofilter.
NOVELTY - A fermentation process of food waste is preferably provided to mass produce good quality of compost and feed by fermenting food waste or excretions from livestock breeding with aerobic bacteria.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fermentation and composting process of food waste is performed by introducing aerobic thermopile into the waste, together with air and heating source to ferment the waste. During fermentation process, fermentation heat is generated and used for the process. Microorganisms and promotor or catalyst can be added to the process and particularly, the catalyst stimulates bacteria to alter sodium ions and to make gaseous chlorine in food waste to be discharged outside. The aerobic fermenting stage is continued for 3-7 days followed by ageing stage for 3-7 days.
NOVELTY - A food waste fermentation apparatus is provided, which is characterized in that mixing and crashing of food waste, regardless of size of food waste, is conducted by controlling a space of an inside wall(35) and a blade of agitator as moving a disk(43) of the blade.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus consists of a fermentation tank(30), the blade of agitator equipped with an axis of agitator(33) therein for mixing food waste, a blower inputting air for controlling temperature and supplying oxygen therein, an open-close driving means for operating a discharge cover controlling a discharge hole(37) when discharging fermented wastes. The blade of agitator comprises that a fixing bar(42) equipped with a bar(41) is installed in the center of the axis of agitator(33) at shape of cross, and the moving disk(43) is put into the bar(41), and at both ends of the bar(41), plates is installed in order to prevent separation of the disk(43) from the bar(41).
NOVELTY - Provided is an apparatus for fermenting organic wastes, especially livestock excrement, which does not generate leachate by spraying collected leachate on livestock excrement under fermentation, and optimal fermentation is conducted by blowing air through pipes installed at the bottom part of the apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - At the bottom of the fermentation tank(1), several perpendicular trenches(2) and several horizontal trenches(2a) are formed. A plurality of manholes(3) which are connected to perpendicular trenches(2) are connected to one another with transfer pipes(4). Leachate collected in the manhole travels through pipe to a sedimentation tank(5), and a storage tank(6). A plurality of main pipes(10) being equipped with valves(12) at the end of the main pipes and blowers(13) between the valve(12) and wall are laid in perpendicular trenches. A plurality of branch pipes(11) having several air holes(11a) at the upper part of the pipe are laid in the horizontal trenches(2a).
NOVELTY - A compost apparatus (1) has drying apparatus (2) which evaporates the moisture contained in the raw material (5) of compost, heat supply apparatus (6) which circulates warm air for drying the raw material, and fermentation apparatus (4) which ferments the dried raw material.    USE - For regenerating organic waste such as sludge, organic refuse and livestock waste.    ADVANTAGE - The organic substance in the waste is efficiently and effectively decomposed, using closed type or opening type fermenter of compost apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fermenter which has a chain-like member inside the rotary kiln which stores the raw material of compost. The chain-like member extends radially or in the shape of cobweb inside the rotary kiln. A relative target with respect to raw material rotates the chain-like member, and the raw material is stirred by the chain-like member.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic system of compost apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Compost apparatus (1)    Drying apparatus (2)    Fermentation apparatus (4)    Raw material (5)    Heat supply apparatus (6)
NOVELTY - The fermenter (21) with air supply opening (22) and exhaust port (24), ferments the charged organic-refuse using aerobic bacteria. The deodorizing apparatus (2) connected with the exhaust port of fermenter, deodorizes the exhaust gas from the fermenter. The dust collector (4) provided between fermenter and deodorizing apparatus, removes the floating matter while sending the exhaust gas.    USE - Organic-refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The quantity of airflow in the fermenter is maintained sufficient by removing the floating matter using dust collector. The surroundings of organic-refuse processing apparatus is not spoilt, by effecting favorable decomposition of organic-refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic-refuse processing apparatus.    Deodorizing apparatus (2)    Dust collector (4)    Fermenter (21)    Air supply opening (22)    Exhaust port (24)
NOVELTY - A deodorizing device (21) purifies odor generated from organic refuse. A heater (8) and a fan (9) are provided in the upper portion of the container to produce hot air, to stir and dry the organic refuse.    USE - Domestic garbage processing machine.    ADVANTAGE - The volume of ground organic refuse is reduced because the organic refuse is dried and moisture content is reduced. Hence even when the organic refuse is stored for a long time inside the container, the refuse does not decompose or generate fungi. The rate of drying is sped up and refuse is easily dried because heated air is made to be blown inside the container. Stationary knife and cutter and the drying process of organic refuse is carried out until the container fills.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lid openably covers the upper portion of a organic refuse storage container (2) which has a stationary knife (4) and a rotary cutter (5) for grinding and stirring the organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the garbage processing machine. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic refuse storage container (2)    Stationary knife (4)    Rotary cutter (5)    Heater (8)    Fan (9)    Deodorizing device (21)
NOVELTY - Garbage process machine has a rotary cutter (4) provided among stationary knives, at the bottom of an organic refuse storage container (2) and a stir fan (12) for guiding and stirring the organic refuse. A deodorizing apparatus (21) removes odor from refuse. The rotary cutter is intermittently operated and has blades arranged in vertical two steps.    USE - For treating garbage e.g. organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces volume of organic refuse ground and dried remaining in the organic refuse container. Moreover, moisture content activity is suppressed by drying, and container getting decomposed due to fungi generation is avoided. Quickens drying and shortens drying processing time while grinding and stirring of organic refuse are effectively carried out due to the heat existing inside organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the garbage process machine. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic refuse storage container (2)    Rotary cutter (4)    Stir fan (12)    Deodorizing apparatus (21)
NOVELTY - A pair of water cooled drums supplies molten slag such that the molten slag adheres on the outer circumference of drums. A flow regulation gate (14) is provided in the molten slag cooling system. The drums rotate, such that the contact portion goes up. A secondary cooling system cools the molten slag discharged from the cooling system to a temperature range less than the glass transition point.    USE - For molten slag ejected from melting furnace of waste material incineration residue e.g. solid municipal waste.    ADVANTAGE - Enables peeling-off of slag adhering to rotators easily, as the slag is cooled and held in plastic state on rotation. Obtains large processing capacity on cooling is done in two stages. Obtains continuous stable operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the example of the installation of molten slag processing plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Flow regulation gate (14)
NOVELTY - Deodorizer inorganic refuse processing apparatus, comprises a heater, which heats the gas to a predetermined temperature. The heated gas is lead to a deodorant catalyst which removes odor component.    USE - In refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of heater enhances the deodorizing capabilities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the organic refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of the deodorizing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A grinding portion (2) mixes water with organic refuse and grinds the mixture and conveys to a decomposition tanks (7-9). The decomposition tanks decompose the mixture by using micro-organism based on the mixture. The decomposed mixture is conveyed to a filter bed portion (10) provided with water tanks (14-16). The filter bed is provided with ribs and rotates in the water tank.    USE - For processing organic refuse generated from home, restaurant, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents clogging of device and carries out decomposition of organic refuse effectively due to provision of the filter bed rotating in water tank portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective cross-sectional view of the organic refuse processing device.    Grinding portion (2)    Decomposition tanks (7-9)    Filter bed portion (10)    Water tanks (14-16)
NOVELTY - Support (6) which is provided between two flat plate layers (2), consists of multiple protrusions formed on either side surfaces of board. Catalytic agents (5) are adhered to the support. Methanol or water flow path extends through plate layers. Heat generated on support, is transmitted to plate layers.    USE - As heat exchanger for catalytic combustion of hydrogen gas, in order to vaporize methanol or water, in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The evaporator is miniaturized. The combustion heat is effectively transmitted from support to plate layers. Efficiency of fuel cell system, is enhanced because pressure loss is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of evaporator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Flat plate layers (2)    Catalytic agents (5)    Support (6)
NOVELTY - Fermentation apparatus consists of a fermenter (1) containing organic sludge (4), provided with an air supply port (7) and an exhaust port (8). A ventilator is connected to the air supply port and an acidic water injection unit (14) is connected to the exhaust port. The acidic water (17) is injected into the exhaust gas from the fermenter, using the acidic water injection unit.    USE - For fermentation of organic sludge used for sewage works and agricultural waste water treatment. Used for manufacturing organic fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Fermentation of organic sludge is performed efficiently in short period of time. Odor component from the organic sludge is removed. Environmental pollution is prevented during manufacture of organic fertilizer. Operation of the apparatus is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the operating method of the fermentation processing apparatus, which involves two steps. In the first step, ozone generation amount is reduced and fermentation of the organic sludge is performed with less amount of ozone. In the second step the ozone generation amount is increased by operating the ozone generator (3).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fermentation processing apparatus.    Fermenter (1)    Ozone generator (3)    Organic sludge (4)    Air supply port (7)    Exhaust port (8)    Acidic water injection unit (14)    Acidic water (17)
NOVELTY - Heat exchanger (8) cools the carbon monoxide (CO) contained in the raw gas. The high and low temperature transformers (7,9) are provided integrally with heat exchanger for transforming carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide (CO2) by water gas shift reaction, respectively.    USE - Carbon monoxide transformation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is simplified by providing low and high temperature transformers and heat exchanger integrally in one container. Heat loss is reduced. The carbon monoxide is reduced reliably by using honeycomb catalyst. Hydrogen is generated effectively. Heat is recovered reliably by utilizing waste gas, raw material gas. The efficiency of fuel cell system is improved. Thermal deterioration of catalyst is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The transformers (7,9) are provided to container (25). The honeycomb catalyst makes honeycomb carrier to carry filled layer of low temperature transformation catalyst (28) to high temperature transformation catalyst and also from high temperature transformation catalyst (27) to low temperature transformation catalyst. Heat is recovered by heat exchange with waste gas of water vapor, raw material gas or electrode of fuel cell and high temperature settled raw gas. A high temperature transformer is provided in the inner cylinder (26). Heat exchanger is provided by the cyclic space between inner cylinder and container. The pipe connected with heat exchanger penetrates the low temperature transformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of carbon monoxide transformation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Transformers (7,9)    Heat exchanger (8)    Container (25)    Inner cylinder (26)    High and low temperature transformation catalysts (27,28)
NOVELTY - A container comprising spacers adapted to support a gas permeable bag, is new.    USE - As storage for materials, particularly for household, domestic, or industrial waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - The increased depth of the spacers assists the removal of the bag from the outer receptacle, and provides increased air gap which in turn can increase the air flow and drying rate of the bag. The rounded inner edges of the spacers can prevent rupture of the bag, particularly when the bag is wet.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A container comprises an outer receptacle (2) into which an inner receptacle is disposed in the form of a gas permeable bag (6). The outer receptacle has spacers (8) extending inwardly from the inside surface (9), and is provided with vents (10) in the side walls and/or base. (10) allows air to circulate between (6) and (2). (8) are adapted to support the inner bag and separate it from the inner surface of (2). The depth increases towards the lower end of (2), and hole(s) permit air to flow in a lateral direction around the bag, and/or rounded inner edges. They can be formed separately with respect to the outer receptacle and then attached to the outer receptacle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cut-away diagram of the container.    Outer receptacle (2)    Gas permeable bag (6)    Spacers (8)    Inner surface (9)    Vents (10)
NOVELTY - Bacteria and other microorganisms which degrade organometallic compounds and which are used in the anaerobic treatment of contaminated materials are made available (i.e. adapted) by adding the organometallic compound-contaminated material to a rotting slurry containing the bacteria.    USE - The bacteria are used in a 3-stage process for anaerobic degradation of (especially toxic) impurities, especially from contaminated ground water materials such as sediments, mud or sludges in harbor basins, bays, lakes, rivers, rinsing plant or slurries. They are especially useful in degrading organotin compounds (especially tributyltin) which have been used in ships paint while also removing polycyclic aromatics, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides and heavy metals.    ADVANTAGE - The process is temperature-controlled and accelerates the remediation of a variety of contaminated materials.
NOVELTY - The polymer garbage treating pool consists of several small pools which have top net and a common cover and bottom canals for mutual communication. It has canal around it and separates it from outside. It needs only low construction cost and no special environment conditions and has large polymer garbage treating capacity.
NOVELTY - Compost tumbler drum and mulch maker for domestic environments or industrial plants, comprising a grill located on the wall of the drum, is new.    USE - For decomposing refuse produced in the kitchen or garden in order to produce a fertilizer for the garden, or for industrial plant where compost and mulch are produced on a commercial scale.    ADVANTAGE - The compost tumbler and/or mulch maker produces either mulch or compost depending on the length of time organic material is retained in the drum. The incorporation of grill allows broken down compost or mulch material to pass in the influence of gravity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compost tumbler and/or mulch maker consists of a drum (3) with a wall that incorporates a grill (6). (6) retains un composted material in (3) and allows broken down material to pass. The material is broken down to a predetermined size, depending on the size of the openings of (6).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of the compost tumbler and/or mulch maker.    Stand (2)    Drum (3)    Drawer (4)    Grill (6)
NOVELTY - A pre-mixed monopropellant comprises nitrous oxide and fuel.    USE - As propellant for rocket.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive pre-mixed monopropellant has a higher impulse than prior art's monopropellants, approaching that of highly toxic bipropellants. It can be adapted in a self-pressuring mode by allowing the nitrous oxide to boil off and maintain ullage pressure. This eliminates the need for a separate pressurization system, resulting in less inert weight (higher performance), lower complexity (higher reliability), and lower cost. Further, the pre-mixed monopropellant is cheaper as compared to other monopropellants, due to its high content of nitrous oxide that is inherently cheap.
NOVELTY - Two stacked fuel cell units (200,300) are cascaded. Outlet (290) of upper fuel cell unit is connected to upper port (330) of the lower fuel cell unit. Reactant gas supply conduit (400) is connected to inlet of upper fuel cell unit and lower port (310) of the lower fuel cell unit. A valve (500) is provided in the conduit to regulate the gas flow to lower fuel cell unit.    USE - Cascaded fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Provides high system power output or low system power output, by regulating the reactant gas flow into fuel cell units. Reduces wastage of reactant gas during low system power output. Reduces minimum stable system power output level relatively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of cascaded fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic representation of fuel cell system.    Stacked fuel cell units (200,300)    Outlet (290)    Lower port (310)    Upper port (330)    Reactant gas supply conduit (400)    Valve (500)
NOVELTY - Organic waste degradation at a site involves innoculation of the waste material with microorganisms grown at the treatment site.    USE - For degradation of waste material in a treatment plant, a lagoon, a tank, soil or an outdoor waste pond (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Since the culture is grown on site, the need of shipping large amounts of culture is not required. This makes the method relatively inexpensive and easy to use.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Treatment of an organic industrial waste for degradation comprises:    (a) mixing dried cells of microorganisms (preferably anaerobic) with a dried growth medium in a sealed disposable bag having a closeable opening. The dried growth medium contains alkali metal nitrate (preferably sodium nitrate) (15-45) weight% while the sealed bag has folds that are horizontally opposite each other and which collapse the sealed bag allowing multiple bags to be shipped in a single container;    (b) shipping the collapsed sealed bag near the treatment site;    (c) mounting the sealed bag in a container so that the folds are below the closeable opening and engage the container as the bag is filled;    (d) filling the bag through the opening with water to unfold the bag and form a liquid growth medium;    (e) allowing the microorganisms to grow for a period of about 32 hours. The alkali metal nitrate and the microorganisms together inhibit the growth of any contaminant microorganism in the liquid medium; and    (f) adding the liquid growth medium containing the multiplied microorganism to the treatment site.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for manufacturing refuse derived fuel (RDF) recycles wastes in the form of pellets for fuel, preventing environmental pollution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises a spring cylinder (2) for dehydrating by centrifugal force, a compressor (7) for forming dehydrated refuse in the form of a pellet as extruding refuse through a port (9), and a dryer for drying/deodorizing.
NOVELTY - Fermentation of organic waste like foodstuff waste where used paper is mixed along with organic waste in a closed fermenter equipped with a ventilation blower, and the moisture content of organic waste is regulated, where air is supplied to the fermenter for predetermined time, and aerobic fermentation is carried out so as to adjust the viscosity of organic waste suitable for its compaction, is new.    USE - For fermentation of organic waste such as foodstuff waste, and sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation of organic waste is carried out in a short period of time. A compost of predetermined shape is molded by drying compaction of fermentation processed material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for articles which are obtained by compaction drying of fermentation processed material into defined shape.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fermentation apparatus used for fermentation of organic waste.    Fermenter (1)    Ventilation blower (4)    Cover (7)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse processing apparatus has treatment tank (4) to the side of which a discharge port (11) is provided. Stirring blades (6b) are mounted in the rotation shaft (6a). Sensor provided in the discharge port detects the ejection of processed material. Rotation of the stir machine (6) is suspended depending on the output of the sensor.    USE - Processing apparatus for treating organic refuse ejected from home, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Processed material is ejected easily by detecting the ejection of processed material through the discharge port.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stir machine (6) is rotated such that the processed material is discharged through the discharge port, by opening the lid (28) provided opposite to the discharge port. Organic refuse insertion opening (8) is provided at the top of the treatment tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional diagram of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (4)    Stir machine (6)    Rotation shaft (6a)    Stirring blades (6b)    Organic refuse insertion opening (8)    Discharge port (11)    Lid (28)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse processing apparatus has stirrer (11) to stir the processed object in the treatment tank (2). The jet nozzles in the stirrer ejects fluid to the inner wall of the treatment tank so as to clean the tank.    USE - Processing apparatus of organic refuse from home, office, restaurant, etc., by microbe or microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - Cleaning of organic refuse processing apparatus is made easy by supplying water uniformly through jet nozzles. Fermentation decomposition of organic refuse is advanced effectively and the burden of garbage collectors is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The jet nozzles are provided in the stirrer facing the inner wall. The liquid blows from jet nozzle is stored in the storage tank. Air warmed up with the fermentation heat of decomposition of the processed object in the treatment tank is exhausted through the exhaust tube. The liquid in the storage tank warms up by the heat of the exhaust air. The valve which prevents penetration of processed object is provided to the jet nozzle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (2)    Stirrer (11)
NOVELTY - A vane spindle (20) provided inside the treatment tank (5) supports the stirring blade (25). The motor (10) rotates the spindle driving shaft (12) at a low speed. An air blower (16) supplies air through the vane spindle. Internal temperature and moisture content is regulated for the proliferation of microorganism.    USE - For fermenting organic refuse from home.    ADVANTAGE - Organic refuse processing period is reduced by regulating the internal temperature for the proliferation of microorganism. Fermentation process of organic refuse received in the treatment tank is performed easily by managing the moisture content of the air sent by air blower.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Protrusions (6) are fixed to the inner face of the treatment tank in the position not abutting the stirring blade. The organic refuse is stirred between the stirring blade and the protrusion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of structure of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (5)    Protrusions (6)    Motor (10)    Spindle driving shaft (12)    Air blower (16)    Vane spindle (20)    Stirring blade (25)
NOVELTY - A group of microorganisms having agrochemical decomposing ability, selected from gram negative bacillus of SIID174-1 strain with non-motile, catalase and oxidase activity such as Microbacterium keratanolyticum SIID174-2 strain, Sphingobacterium multivorum SIID174-3 strain, Brevibacterium spp SIID174-4 strain and/or Cladosporim carrioinii SIID174-5 strain, is new.    USE - For decomposing agrochemicals such as metribuzin, trifluralin and vinclozolin.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism group has excellent agrochemical decomposing ability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a compost which contains a group of microorganism having agrochemical decomposing ability, are gram negative bacillus of SIID174-1 strain with non-motile, catalase and oxidase activity, Microbacterium keratanolyticum SIID174-2 strain, Sphingobacterium multivorum SIID174-3 strain, Brevibacterium spp SIID174-4 strain and/or Cladosporim carrioinii SIID174-5 strain;    (2) a compost manufacturing apparatus which comprises a fermented for fermenting compost; and    (3) manufacture of compost containing microorganism group, comprising fermenting compost raw material and microorganism species at aerobic condition.
NOVELTY - Manufacture of fermented animal feed, involves throwing kitchen refuse into a decompression chamber (T) of a rotary drum and stirring and boiling it under low pressure. The boiled product is heated/stirred and fermented using microbes in the fermentation chambers (8,9). The fermented product is dried in a drying chamber (10).    USE - The process is useful for manufacturing fermented animal feed using organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables easy decomposition of organic waste, as the boiling point is reduced by boiling/stirring in the decompression chamber, it also enables continuous processing, as the different process chambers are in one rotary drum and refuse fed into the decompression chamber is transferred in sequence to the process chambers. The process also saves time and labor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus used for fermenting animal feed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partially notched front elevation drawing of fermented animal feed processing apparatus.    Fermentation chambers (8,9)    Drying chamber (10)
NOVELTY - Battery stack part containing a pair of output terminal, is contacted with a manifold injection hole which supplies heating gas (A), oxidizing agent gas (B) and cooling water (C), into the collector board. A manifold discharge port is provided for ejecting (A-C). One of the output terminal, manifold injection hole and the manifold discharge port are arranged in the same surface.    USE - For portable electric power unit, electric vehicles, generator etc.    ADVANTAGE - Freedom of apparatus mounting property is improved. Water content which is generated during reaction, is driven off efficiently from each single battery. Reliability of the fuel cell is maintained for long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell consists of a polymer electrolyte film between a pair of electrodes, laminated through an electroconductive separator. A pair of collector board is provided at the ends of the laminate part. A heating gas supply unit is provided for supplying heating gas containing hydrogen, to one side of the electrolyte film. An oxidizing agent gas supply unit is provided for supplying gas containing oxygen, to another side of the electrolyte film. A battery stack part comprising a pair of output terminal, is physically contacted with the manifold
NOVELTY - The fuel cell consists of unit cells, of which each unit cell has an electromotive member formed on both sides of an electrolyte film. A fuel permeating board is adjoined to the fuel electrode of the electromotive member via a fuel vaporizing layer, and is also adjoined with a common absorber at one end side of the corresponding unit cell.    USE - For small-sized apparatuses.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures improved starting characteristics since liquid fuel can be directly and stably supplied to a fuel electrode, thereby preventing output fluctuations.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Production of a methane-containing gas comprises aerobically digesting organic materials, carbonizing the residue to produce char, and anaerobically fermenting the carbonization off-gas with thermophilic methanogenic microorganisms.    USE - The process is useful for converting waste materials, e.g. wood, food and agricultural waste, into a gas containing at least 80% (especially at least 90%) methane.    ADVANTAGE - The process gives high methane yields (no data given).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of a methane-containing gas (12) from organic materials (1) comprises:    (a) subjecting the materials to aerobic digestion (4) with microorganisms to produce a solid and/or liquid residue (5) and a waste gas (6) containing carbon dioxide (CO2);    (b) subjecting the residue to low-temperature carbonization (7) to produce char (8) and off-gas (9); and    (c) subjecting the off-gas to anaerobic fermentation (11) with thermophilic methanogenic microorganisms.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for carrying out the process, comprising an aerobic digester, a carbonization reactor and a methanogenic fermenter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the process.    Organic material (1)    Aerobic digester (4)    Digester residue (5)    CO2-containing waste gas (6)    Carbonization reactor (7)    Char (8)    Carbonization off-gas (9)    Methanogenic fermenter (11)    Product gas (12)
NOVELTY - The city garbage treating method includes the first selection and the subsequent separated cracking, sieving, fermentation in marsh gas tank, feed production, burying, burning and marketing. The method can treat garbage timely through manual selection and mechanical and chemical treatment, and this can avoid the pollution of garbage to environment and is favorable to creation of beautiful environment.
NOVELTY - An anaerobically decomposed organic material is treated by generating an electric current within the material to enhance hydrogen-producing microorganismal activity and to reduce methane-producing microorganismal activity.    USE - For treating anaerobically decomposed organic material, e.g. landfill material or sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method produces hydrogen which does not require the use of fossil fuels, does not depend on the random appearance of sunlight, and provide communities having other energy infrastructures with a system that provides useful energy from collected wastes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for separating carbon dioxide from other gaseous material produced by decomposition of organic material comprising container (402) for containing a pressurized fluid, feed tube (404) for introducing a mixture of the carbon dioxide and other gaseous material into a lower part of the container, collection tube (408) for collecting undissolved gaseous material from an intermediate part of the container, and fluid withdrawal tube (410) for withdrawing carbon dioxide-containing fluid and optionally also carbon dioxide from an upper part of the container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic illustration of the apparatus.    Container (402)    Feed tube (404)    Helical fins (406)    Collection tube (408)    Fluid withdrawal tube (410)    Expansion engines (430, 432, 434, 436, 438, 440)    Heat exchangers (414, 416, 418, 420, 422, 424)    Pump (454)    Counter current heat exchanger (456)
NOVELTY - A system providing at least 2 components (1,2) of a gas-producing system in a fuel cell installation, especially for multi-stage reformation processes, using an evaporated and/or superheated hydrocarbon or a hydrocarbon/water mixture, comprises either (A) at least 2 heat-exchangers with the zones (3b,4b) for heat energy supply connected in tandem; or (B) one or more heat-exchangers connected to a valve distributor.    USE - For fuel cells used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides the dynamic reaction capabilities required in the operation of fuel cell installations in vehicles and is flexible in terms of providing the amounts of gas required at different operating temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A system providing at least 2 components (1,2) of a gas-producing system in a fuel cell installation, especially for multi-stage reformation processes, using an evaporated and/or superheated hydrocarbon or a hydrocarbon/water mixture, comprises at least 2 heat-exchangers (3,4), each having a zone (3a,4a) for the medium and a zone (3b,4b) for heat energy supply, the exchangers each being associated with one of the components (1,2) and the zones (3b,4b) for heat energy supply being connected in tandem.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a variant in which there is at least one heat-exchanger with a zone for the medium and a heat energy supply zone, there also being a valve device in which the evaporated and/or superheated hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon/water mixture is distributed via pipe or to at least one of the components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the system.    Components of gas-producing system (1,2)    Heat-exchangers (3,4)    Zones for the medium (3a,4a)    Heat energy supply zones (3b,4b)    Dosing device (5)    Pre-combustion device (10)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack (23) is supplied with a pressurized reactant stream from a supply (24). In part of the cycle the pressurized reactant is directed from the supply by a valve (25) to an adsorbent chamber (21). The pressurized reactant enriched stream is directed by a valve (27) to the fuel cell.    USE - Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells operating on oxygen enriched air or hydrogen enriched reformate.    ADVANTAGE - Combines periodic reversal of reactant flows through the fuel cell with use of an integrated pressure swing adsorption system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - During the initial adsorption phase in an adsorbent chamber (22), the pressure may be reduced by venting to ambient using a valve (26). This adsorbent chamber may be purged using a portion of the exhaust reactant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of an integrated solid polymer fuel cell stack and pressure swing adsorption system.    Adsorbent chambers (21,22)    Fuel cell stack (23)    Valves (25,26,27)
NOVELTY - A fuel modification unit obtains the fuel of hydrocarbons or alcohol in gas containing hydrogen, enabling the fuel cell main body to generate electricity. An off gas burner burns gas discharged from a fuel electrode. The fuel modification unit has a modifier that forms reformed gas containing hydrogen through an exothermic reaction, without being supplied with combustion heat from the off gas burner.    USE - Used as electricity generator.    ADVANTAGE - Eases electric power load tracking of fuel cell co-generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the block diagrams of the fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - A solid polymer electrolyte film (11) has an anode (12) and a cathode (13). A water content regulating component adjusts water content in an organic fuel and oxidizing agent gas supply to the anode and cathode respectively so that water content concentration in the cathode side is larger than the anode side.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Has simple structure which suppress crossover of organic fuel to the cathode side.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell.    Solid polymer electrolyte film (11)    Anode (12)    Cathode (13)
NOVELTY - An organic waste water processing apparatus comprising: (a) a shredding apparatus for shredding the organic waste, which is supplied to the hopper with calcined lime; and (b) a mixing apparatus to mix and granulate the organic waste and calcined lime supplied from the hopper and shredding the waste, to manufacture fertilizer from the organic waste, is new.    USE - For processing of organic waste ejected from agriculture and fruits, for the manufacture of fertilizer from organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste processing apparatus can be mounted in a motor vehicle. Time required for the operation of the organic waste processing apparatus, is shortened. Fertilizer can be manufactured from the organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the general view of organic waste processing apparatus.    Shredding apparatus (2)    Hopper (11)    Chutes (13a,13b)    Mixing apparatus (14)    Shaft (17)    Screws (18a,18b)    Vanes (19)
NOVELTY - Multiple screw conveyors (2) penetrate into the heating furnace horizontally. A burner (3) heats the conveyor and is cooled by spraying the vapor or water. Thermolysis is carried out under low oxygen atmosphere and carbonized material taken out from lower conveyor, is fed to upper conveyor.    USE - For processing foodstuff residues like sewage sludge, bean curd lees, starch dregs in foodstuff.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reducing fuel cost and construction cost, due to water vapor cooling.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Screw conveyor (2)    Burner (3)
NOVELTY - The organic waste is taken in a net-like bag which is permeable to water and air, and fermented (primary fermentation) within the bag. Then, the organic waste is dehydrated and ground within the bag. Subsequently, the organic waste is subjected to aerobic fermentation (secondary fermentation) in the bag. Then, waste is removed from bag, and matured (tertiary fermentation), to form a compost.    USE - For processing domestic organic waste into a compost.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation of organic waste is carried out effectively and economically within the bag using simple and compact apparatus. Thus, effective processing of organic waste is carried out. The waste liquid produced during dehydration of organic waste is recycled effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste processing apparatus. The apparatus consists of a fermenter filled with net-like bag containing organic waste, for carrying out primary fermentation of organic waste. Then, the organic waste is dehydrated, ground and subjected to secondary fermentation within the fermenter. Subsequently, the organic waste is removed from the bag and accumulated in a deposition tank through a flow path. An intake fan for introducing air to fermenter and deposition tank, is provided in the flow path.
NOVELTY - A new decompose treating chamber (4) has its base shaped as a circular arc. Vents are drilled on the circular base for supplying air to the chamber containing the aerobic microorganism, residue of animals and plants and water absorbent material.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse from kitchen and residue of animals and plants, using aerobic bacteria.    ADVANTAGE - The air supply efficiency during curing is improved and the decomposing time is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The decompose treating chamber consists of stir drums (14,15) provided horizontally. The semicircular cylindrical base of the chamber is aligned with the rotation tracing of the stir drum. The cylinder base consists of semicircular bases and a stir drum is provided to each semicircular base. The stir drums are arranged in parallel and composed so that the rotation axis opposes axially and the mixture of the decomposition product is mutually transferred to a reverse direction. Vents are provided in the hollow portion formed on the base such that they are deviated to the rotation direction superior side of the stir drum.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial cross-section of decompose treating apparatus.    Decompose treating chamber (4)    Stir drums (14,15)
NOVELTY - A waste material solidifying fuel comprises phosphorus group compound, aluminum group compound and/or calcium group compound.    USE - For use in the incineration of plastic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The waste material solidifying fuel when utilized in plastic waste disposal does not generate dioxin, prevents accumulation of dioxin in ashes after combustion, and effectively decompose waste material, hence prevent decay. The fuel effectively and safely disposes plastic waste, thereby prevents environmental problems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of waste material solidifying fuel.
NOVELTY - A fermentation processing apparatus comprises fermenter (1) for fermenting organic sludge (4). The fermenter is provided with air supply port (7) and exhaust port (8). A ventilator (2) for supplying air into the fermenter, is connected with the air supply port. An ozone generator (3) for injecting ozone to fermenter is arranged at the outlet or outside the ventilator.    USE - For treatment of organic sludge (formed from sewage works, purification tank and agricultural waste water treatment plant) into organic fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The organic sludge is decomposed efficiently in short time. Generation of odor is suppressed by supplying air into the fermenter. The apparatus is compact and release of exhaust gas to the surroundings is prevented hence, aggravation of environment is prevented reliably and useful organic fertilizer can be manufactured efficiently without affecting environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fermentation processing apparatus.    Fermenter (1)    Ventilator (2)    Ozone generator (3)    Organic sludge (4)    Air supply port (7)    Exhaust port (8)    Stirring apparatus (11)    Circulation path (17)    Water injection mechanism (21)    Bypass path (30)
NOVELTY - Waste solid fuel is heated in a boiler (50). The evolved vapor is supplied as a part of a heating source to a feed water heater (54) and/or fuel conservation device (56) of a power generating plant and electricity is generated.    USE - For the combustion of waste solid fuel such as industrial and domestic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The combusted fuel is used as a part of fuel for generation of electricity, improving electricity generating efficiency of the power plant. Generation of dioxin is suppressed and corrosion of the heat exchanger tube is reduced due to combustion at high temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste solid fuel combustion apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the combustion processing apparatus for waste solid fuel. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Boiler (50)    Feed water heater (54)    Fuel conservation device (56)
NOVELTY - An original fuel comprising alcohol or hydrocarbon is introduced to one edge portion of a modifier along the horizontal direction. The introduced fuel is modified to heating gas which is rich in hydrogen and is removed from the other edge portion. Baffle plates (6,7) are arranged alternately in lower and upper portions of a catalyst layer (3) of the modifier.    USE - For modifying original fuel such as methanol and natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The internal temperature of the modifier is maintained and hence modification of heating gas is performed effectively. The fuel cell power generating device with a modifier prevents generation of short-circuit path of gas by subsidence of catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell power generating device having a modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the horizontal type modifier.    Catalyst layer (3)    Lower baffle plate (6)    Upper baffle plate (7)
NOVELTY - One among two bearing tubes (8) provided to ventilators (7) attached to both end plates (6,6') of a horizontal rotary drum (3) is connected to one ventilator while the other is connected to the inner tube (2) of the rotary drum. Several stir blades (12) are formed in inner surface of the inner tube to stir a microbial bed and an organic refuse.    USE - For performing the decomposition of organic refuses with the microorganism of a microbial bed.    ADVANTAGE - A high speed decomposition of organic refuses can be performed in a home or a kitchen by circulating warm air into the inner tube of a rotary drum while stirring the microbial bed and organic refuse with many stir blades formed on the inner surface of the inner tube. The temperature inside the inner tube can be satisfactorily maintained at about 30degreesC to secure safety of a microorganism contained in the microbial bed. The structure of the equipment can be simplified and the size made compact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An outer tube (2') is fixed around the inner tube. A heat insulating material (4) is filled in each of the inner and outer tubes. Both ends of several vent pipes (5) set between the inner and outer tubes are connected to both the ventilators. Both the bearing tubes are fitted to a pair of fixed shaft tubes (9,9') of which one is connected to a warm air blower (10) while the other is connected to a chimney (11). The drum is rotatably mounted in a frame (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows vertical side view of an organic refuse processing equipment.    Frame (1)    Inner tube (2)    Outer tube (2')    Rotary drum (3)    Heat insulating material (4)    Vent pipe (5)    End plates (6,6')    Bearing tubes (8,8')    Fixed shaft tubes (9,9')    Warm air blower (10)    Chimney (11)    Stir blade (12)
NOVELTY - A pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process comprises using a PSA apparatus having 10 beds and equalizing a pressure of each of the ten beds in four steps    USE - For e.g. high purity hydrogen production by PSA.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A pressure swing adsorption apparatus process comprises:    (1) using an adsorption apparatus having a number of beds;    (2) one or more adsorption step by feeding a feed mixture to a feed end of a first bed, adsorbing impurities onto an adsorbent in the first bed and permitting a product gas to exit a product end of the first bed;    (3) one or more depressurizing equalization step which comprises reducing a pressure in the first bed by closing a feed valve and sequentially releasing gas form a product end of the first bed to other beds or to at least one other bed and a tank;    (4) at least one pressure reduction step which comprises further reducing the pressure of the first bed co-currently and/or counter-currently;    (5) at least one counter-current purging step, comprising counter-currently purging the first bed with gas form another bed for a duration so that two or more of the beds of the apparatus are being purged simultaneously throughout the process;    (6) at least one repressurizing equalization step which comprises increasing the pressure of the first bed from at least one other bed and/or tank undergoing the pressure reducing step; and    (7) at least one pressure augmentation step which comprises further increasing the pressure of the first bed at least one of a counter-current stream of product gas and a co-current stream of feed gas.
NOVELTY - Steam reforming reactor comprises an alternating sequence of layers, each comprising a reforming zone (4) filled with an endothermic reforming catalyst, a heat-conducting partition (1) and a heating zone (2) containing an exothermic reaction catalyst in the form of a coating (3), where the volume of the reforming zone is greater than that of the heating zone.    USE - The reactor is especially useful for converting hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon derivatives (e.g. methanol) to hydrogen for use in fuel cells, e.g. for motor vehicles    ADVANTAGE - Incorporating the exothermic reaction catalyst in the form of a coating reduces the volume of the heating zone, thus providing a more compact reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the reactor.    Partition (1)    Heating zone (2)    Catalyst coating (3)    Reforming zone. (4)
NOVELTY - An apparatus for the selective catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide in a water containing gaseous mixture has catalytic material containing carbon monoxide oxidation stage (3) with an inlet (6) for transporting the oxidized gas to the gas mixture.    USE - The apparatus is suitable for combustible elements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In the carbon monoxide-oxidation stage (3) a catalyst containing flow body (10) is found.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates a preferred carbon monoxide-oxidation stage.    Carbon monoxide-oxidation stage (3)    Inlet for oxidized gas (6)    Catalyst flow body (10)
NOVELTY - A biological additive of feed is prepared through screening to obtain green lactobacterium, coprophilous lactobacterium, yeast and hay bacillus, the first culture, the second culture, adsorbing the bacterial liquid by rice or wheat bran, stacking fermentation and baking. It can improve the function of digestive system and quality of animal products, increase the being assimilated and transform rate of feed, and reduce feed cost.
NOVELTY - An energy generating system comprises incinerating and/or gasifying a biomass in an incineration and/or gasification reactor.    USE - For generating energy from biomass from livestock farms using a Torbed reactor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive system: (a) saves the cost for disposing manure; (b) reduces instances to possible disease infections because transport of manure becomes unnecessary; (c) considerably reduces ammonia emission by further drying the manure to 85% using the processing heat released; and (d) generates energy that can fully cover the energy demand with a possible surplus of electricity that can be sold as green energy to a utility company.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for generating energy from biomass using the system above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the dry flue gas purification line with selective non catalytic reduction.    Manure dryer (1)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell block has stacked fuel cell elements (1) provided with aligned axial channels (2,3,4,5), communicating with an intermediate space (7), provided between at least 2 adjacent fuel cell elements, via radial channels (8a,8b,8c) for flow of a gas or liquid medium between the axial channels and the intermediate space or vice versa. Selected radial channels are provided as blind radial channels (9a,9b) which do not communicate with the axial channel.    USE - The fuel cell block is used for providing electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell block accommodates different fuel cell elements.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell element for a fuel cell block.    Fuel cell element (1)    Axial channels (2,3,4,5)    Intermediate space (7)    Radial channels (8a,8b,8c)    Blind radial channels (9a,9b)
NOVELTY - Biodegradation of dinitrotoluene involves addition of a mixed culture of bacteria to a sample containing dinitrotoluene and producing and maintaining aerobic condition in the sample. The mixed culture consists of bacterial strains of either JS872 and JS922; or JS872, JS863 and JS922.    USE - The method is useful for biodegrading dinitrotoluene (DNT) contaminant in a sample such as DNT-contaminated soil, groundwater and industrial waste treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The mixed culture of bacteria degrade both the 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrotoluene isomer under aerobic condition and use as a carbon and nitrogen source.
NOVELTY - A manufacturing equipment of compost by mixing sawdust and excretions of livestock and by fermentation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A manufacturing equipment of compost by mixing sawdust and excretions of livestock and by fermentation. Excretions of livestock and sawdust are stored at a primary tank (10) and a second storage tank (20) respectively. When excretions of livestock and sawdust are mixed and conveyed by a primary screw (34), an admixture of water and microorganisms is injected thereto from a supply port (50) of microorganisms. And hot wind and heat are supplied thereto by a primary supply part (60) of hot wind and a primary heater (35) respectively. Also, when the mixture (sawdust, excretions, and microorganisms) is conveyed by a second screw (40), hot wind and heat are supplied to the mixture by a second supply part (70) of hot wind and a second heater (45) respectively. Therefore, by above sequential steps, the mixture of excretions of livestock and sawdust is produced as compost.    The shown equipment is characterized by comprising following parts: the (10, 20) for storage of excretions of livestock and sawdust respectively; a (31)(41) for transferring of above mixture; a (60, 70) of hot wind; and the (35, 45).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - primary and the second storage tanks (10, 20)    primary and a second conveyers (31, 41)    primary and a second supply parts (60, 70)    primary and the second heaters (35, 45)
NOVELTY - A non-effluent treatment process for composting livestock wastewater is provided, which can produce a composite soil conditioner containing soil microorganism, organic matter, a fertilizer component such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, soil conditioner (silicic acid, lime, magnesium) and microelements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the following:    (i) separating solid-liquid from the livestock wastewater for 2-3 days in a storage tank;    (ii) discharging the liquid waste after treatment; and    (iii) composting the solid waste by aerobic fermentation using the following composting method:    (a) mixing 40-60 weight% of livestock wastewater and 40-60 weight% of a swelling agent such as paper sludge and a moisture controller such as wood chip and fly ash to control the initial moisture to 60-79 weight%;    (b) feeding the mixture to an agitating fermentation tank after adjusting carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N); and    (c) fermenting at a high temperature of 70-85 degrees C for 10-15 days while spraying livestock wastewater for oxidation, evaporation, fermentation and decomposing.
NOVELTY - A suction blower (6) is connected to one flow path of an air pole (13) to suck air from the air pole of a fuel cell (1).    USE - Electrical power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains favorable electricity generation condition since water is prevented from blocking air pole.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of an electrical power generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)    Suction blower (6)    Air pole (13)
NOVELTY - The airtight structure has a pair of inclined rings (16,17) provided with the sliding bars (14,15) whose inner periphery is pressurized by the polymer annular seals (18,19). The inclined rings are supported by the fixture (13), through the mounting ring (21).    USE - For large-diameter rotor of rotary kiln and installation of manufacturing equipment such as industrial waste treatment equipment, cement, coke, alumina, limestone treatment equipment.    ADVANTAGE - The leakage from the inside is prevented by double sealing arrangement during working, and hence prevents ejection of internal gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the airtight structure.    Fixture (13)    Sliding bars (14,15)    Inclined rings (16,17)    Polymer annular seals (18,19)    Mounting ring (21)
NOVELTY - The melting furnace has rectangular slag collection chamber (6) with rhombus-shaped long and slender slag discharge port (5). The slag (8) is discharged without touching the side wall, through the port.    USE - For burning solid substance obtained by thermolysis of municipal waste, sewage sludge and coal.    ADVANTAGE - The structure of slag collection chamber and discharge port prevents adherence and solidification of slag in the inner surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cylindrical combustion chamber (1) melts the waste and converts the ash into slag which is discharged into the slag collection chamber, by the air blown through the air nozzles (3) along vortex pattern.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the melting furnace.    Cylindrical combustion chamber (1)    Air nozzles (3)    Slag discharge port (5)    Rectangular slag collection chamber (6)    Slag (8)
NOVELTY - Phthalic ester is decomposed by inoculating Aspergillus repens of strain MA 0197 (FERM P-14833) in a processed substance containing phthalic ester.    USE - For decomposition of phthalic ester.    ADVANTAGE - The process enables effective decomposition of phthalic ester completely within a short period and hence has excellent industrial value.
NOVELTY - Producing compost, comprising mixing dehydrated sludge from paper manufacture with sludge ejected from waste water or industrial waste treatment, fermenting with stock raising of livestock wastes, dehydrating and stirring intermittently, is new. The obtained compost or greening base material has pH of 5.0-7.5 and electrical conductivity of less than 3.0 dS/m.    USE - For accelerating plant growth.    ADVANTAGE - The compost or fertilizer can be effectively manufactured using simple apparatus and raw materials. The compost enhances and accelerates plant growth, does not pollute environment, effectively recycles disposed waste materials and thereby prevents environmental contamination.
NOVELTY - The PEM fuel cell has serpentine flow field channels (66a-j) comprising a number of serially-linked serpentine segments extending between inlet and exhaust manifolds (72,74) . Each segment has an inlet leg, an exit leg, at least one medial leg between them and hairpin curved ends connecting the medial leg(s) to other legs of the segment. A bridging section of each flow channel connects adjacent segments of the same channel one to the next. The hairpin-curved ends of the medial legs are spaced from bridging sections by different distances depending on the difference in pressure in the bridging section and the hairpin-curved ends.    USE - As PEM (proton exchange membrane) fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Flow channel configuration has low pressure drop between adjacent legs of same channel and between ends of legs and adjacent supply/exhaust manifolds.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of the bipolar plate.    flow field channels (66a-j)    inlet and exhaust manifolds (72,74)
NOVELTY - A methanol reforming catalyst (I) comprises a metal oxide support impregnated with a palladium-zinc alloy.    USE - The catalyst is useful for the gas-phase reaction of methanol with steam and oxygen to produce a hydrogen-containing gas for use in a fuel cell, e.g. for use as an energy source in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high activity and good stability in a hot oxidizing atmosphere, with low carbon monoxide production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) a methanol reforming catalyst (II) comprising at least one component selected from palladium-zinc-cerium-, palladium-zinc-zirconium- and palladium-zinc-cerium-zirconium-based compounds;    (ii) the production of (I) or (II) comprising impregnating a metal oxide with a palladium- and zinc-containing solution, or with a zinc-containing solution and then a palladium-containing solution, and calcining the product;    (iii) a methanol reforming reactor comprising a vessel that contains (I) or (II) and has a feed gas inlet and a product gas outlet;    (iv) a methanol reforming apparatus comprising methanol, oxygen and steam supplies and the reactor of (iii); and    (v) a fuel cell system comprising the methanol reforming apparatus of (iv), a fuel cell and pipework for introducing the reformed gas and an oxygen-containing gas into the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The present invention uses the fibrous material as raw material, and utilizes the introduction of different microorganisms in different stages to make saccharification in sequence, alcohol fermentation, acetic acid fermentation and acetic acid oxidation to obtain carbon dioxide gas fertilizer. The above-mentioned alcohol fermentation is anaerobic fermentation, and the acetic acid fermentation and acetic acid oxidation are aerobic fermentation. Said invention uses the rice straw, wheat straw, crops stalk and weed as raw materials, does not result in environmental pollution, and its cost is low, gas-forming time is long and gas-forming quantity is large.
NOVELTY - Cottonseed husk, rice straw (or wheat straw) and corn stalk are crushed separately, mixed in a certain proportion and produced into mixture grains, which are then mixed with rice bran, phosphate fertilizer, wheat bran and gypsum as supplementary material, stirred in a stirrer and pressed in a moulding machine into cottonseed husk mixture balls of various shapes. The cottonseed husk balls are used as culture medium of edible fungus. The present invention solves the problems of available technology, which has the difficulty of transporting straw and stalk of large volume and the demerit of low biological converting rate.
NOVELTY - Creating Streptomyces lividans cloned with salmon calcitonin (SCT) gene uses gene engineering technique, where plasmid p(IJ680) is vector. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification technique is used to obtain SCT gene and secretory signal peptide melc1 gene.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Creating Streptomyces lividans cloned with salmon calcitonin (SCT) gene uses gene engineering technique, where plasmid p(IJ680) is vector. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification technique is used to obtain SCT gene and secretory signal peptide melc1 gene. Using T1DNA ligase can connect CT gene, melc1 gene and p(UC19) plasmid DNA, and after transforming to colibacillus, SCT-mele1 DNA fragment is obtained. After the fragment is connected to plasmid p(IJ680) as Streptomyces lividans' vector, it is transformed and cloned to the Streptomyces lividans TK54. By selecting the transformatant resisting thiostrepton and extracting recombined plasmid p(MS680), the Streptomyces lividans cloned with salmon calcitonin TK54-MS680 is obtained. After fermentation culture, efficient secretory expressed salmon calcitonin is obtained with stable inheritance.
NOVELTY - In a process to treat and dispose of municipal organic waste, a fraction of waste with a high calorific value is subjected to mechanical and biological processing by aerobic hydrolysis. The hydrolysis is followed especially by a drying stage (12) in which the drying air is heated by the energy released from metabolic products arising from the biological processing stage.    USE - The process is useful for disposing of municipal organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The process combines maximum effective drying capacity with minimum process complexity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a suitable assembly in which the drying air is recirculated passing through a heater (26) to a drier (12) unit with the organic fraction. The moist drying air is then de-humidified and cooled in a condenser (20) before being returned to the heater (26). The biological treatment stage drives aerobic hydrolysis in the presence of a washing fluid and process air. The organically-laden washing fluid and/or process air are treated in a biogas generator unit which feeds methane as fuel to the heater. Condensate is captured and mixed into washing fluid to promote hydrolysis. Following the drying process the treated fraction is compacted and further dried. Following hydrolysis the organically-laden washing fluid is surrendered to a gas washer (68) for cleaning before being used to cool the moist drying air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram flow chart of the process.    refuse fraction (4)    drier (12)    heater (26)    condenser (20)    blower (24)    heater control (30)    methane (28)
NOVELTY - One-pack type post-foaming oxidation hair dye composition contains uricase, uric acid, oxidative dyestuff and post-foaming agent.    USE - For hair dye.    ADVANTAGE - The post-foaming improves the dyeing effect. The one-pack dye composition feels good and convenient to use
NOVELTY - Fertilizer (I) comprises at least one biodegradable or soil-compatible base structure carrying ion exchanger and/or chelating functional groups and/or structures, on which ions which directly or indirectly promote plant growth (preferably nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, magnesium and/or potassium) are stored, provided that the ions are anions if the base is soil-compatible rather than biodegradable.    USE - The use of (I) for fertilizing plants is claimed. (II) Is useful as a base material for production of (I).    ADVANTAGE - (I) has a high active agent content and can be produced easily and cheaply. The base materials (especially after treatment as for (II)) generally have a binding capacity of more than 50 milliequivalents/g. The ion components of (I) (especially nitrate) can be absorbed from waste materials, e.g. effluents from food production, clarification or biogas plants. The biodegradability and ion release properties of (I) are controllable, e.g. to provide slow release over a long period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) preparation of a fertilizer by contacting an ion-absorbing biodegradable and/or soil compatible material with an ion-containing liquid, absorbing plant growth promoting ions from the liquid and recovering the ion-charged product;    (2) an ion exchanger (II) having ion exchange and/or ion binding functional groups and/or structures, where the number of active groups/structures is increased by chemical reaction and/or radiochemical treatment; and    (3) preparation of (II) by treating a starting material as in (2).
NOVELTY - A treatment system is provided to treat organic waste using earthworm and aerobic bacteria without odor and water discharge. In the system, odor is trapped through several openings (6a)(12a)(18a), and is removed in a deodorization plant (60).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A treatment system is provided to treat organic waste using earthworm and aerobic bacteria without odor and water discharge. In the system, odor is trapped through several openings (6a)(12a)(18a), and is removed in a deodorization plant (60). Aerobic bacteria is seeded in a fermentation tank (28) being airtight, so moisture of organic waste is evaporated by interior heat, generated by activity of aerobic bacteria, of the fermentation tank (28). Castings of earthworm are collected in once per two or three months, and collected castings are used as fertilizer.    The system comprises the following processes:    (i) a primary process for odor removal and fermentation of organic waste;    (ii) a second process for injection of fermented organic waste into a breeding farm of earthworm;    (iii) a third process for breeding of earthworm by supply of water into the breeding farm of earthworm; and    (iv) a fourth process for collection of castings of earthworm.    Optionally, before the primary process, a pre-treatment process such as crush of organic waste, or disinfection, is adopted.
NOVELTY - The organic substance waste material is heated in the waste material fermentation treatment tank (1). The agitators (22-26) consisting of stirring paddles (22a-26a) are rotated by the rotation shafts (20, 21) in clockwise and anti-clockwise directions to transfer the waste material through the front, middle and post process chambers (6-10).    USE - For organic substance waste materials e.g. organic refuse, sludge, livestock excrement.    ADVANTAGE - The waste materials are processed effectively by transferring through the process chambers by the stirring of stirring paddles and agitator. Processing operation is continuous and fast.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The overflowing waste material is transferred through the holes (5a1, 5b2, 5c2, 5d2) provided in the partition walls (5a-5d) of process chamber.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the organic substance waste material processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial front elevation of processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Waste material fermentation treatment tank (1)    Partition walls (5a-5d)    Holes (5a1, 5b2, 5c2, 5d2)    Process chambers (6-10)    Rotation shafts (20,21)    Agitators (22-26)    Stirring paddles (22a-26a)
NOVELTY - The decomposition volume reduction of the wastes is inserted from an inlet (8) and conveyed within an endless pipeline (1) with an endless feeder (6) by heating with heat process sections (4,5). A treating agent conveyed along with the waste is made to react with the cracked gas generated when heating to make the cracked gas harmless. The residue is ejected from an outlet (9).    USE - For processing wastes like various waste materials which generate gases containing toxic substance like dioxine and organochlorine compounds and residue or sludge containing similar toxic substance, contamination soil.    ADVANTAGE - The decomposition precipitation of cracked gas generated during heat decomposition of the wastes can be performed by making a treating agent containing a dechlorination agent to react with the cracked gas. An airtight reservation can be easily performed by conveying the wastes within a stationary endless pipeline during the heating process. A dry distillation can be performed easily and reliably. A carbonization process can be performed with stability. The safety including prevention of contamination and bad smell in the plant due to the leakage of carbonization gas can be secured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Waste product processing apparatus;    (b) Heat processing plant of waste products    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of plant for processing wastes. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Endless pipeline (1)    Heat process sections (4,5)    Endless feeder (6)    Inlet (8)    Outlet (9)
NOVELTY - Sludge returned after methane fermentation process is mixed with solid organic waste, in a mixing tank (2). The formed mixture is subjected to methane fermentation process at 35(+/-)5 degreesC.    USE - For processing organic waste, the processed waste is used as solid fuel and fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Since the sludge returned after methane fermentation process is mixed with solid organic waste, the dilution of organic waste is eliminated and the efficiency of methane fermentation of mixture of sludge and organic waste is improved. Therefore the quantity of waste water ejected is reduced, and the environmental pollution is controlled. Since the methane fermentation process is carried out at 35+/-5 degreesC, the reduction of microorganism activity by mass generation of organic acid is suppressed and the formation amount of methane is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic waste processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Mixing tank (2)
NOVELTY - An activator comprising an alkali metal compound is mixed with carbon material and heated to obtain activated carbon. The mixing process involves dry blending and cleaning. The pore structure of the activated carbon is controlled by selecting lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium compounds as alkali metal compound.    USE - For manufacture of activated carbon used as gas adsorbing material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Activated carbon with controlled pore structure such as micropore specific surface area, total pore capacitance, micropore capacitance and average micropore diameter is obtained. Suitable activated carbon is manufactured depending on the type of the gas to be adsorbed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas adsorption material comprising activated carbon.
NOVELTY - A reformer comprises a modification catalyst layer (32) in which reformed gas is formed by reacting a reforming raw material. A part (23) of the reformer which heats heating gas, also heats raw material and catalyst layer. The reformed gas obtained by reacting raw material is supplied to a fuel cell. The outflow side of the catalyst layer has a carbon monoxide removal catalyst layer (34a).    USE - For supplying reformed gas to fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell reformer reduces carbon monoxide contained in exhaust gas. The reformer is compact, lightweight and has good power performance. The responsiveness of the reformer for supplying reformed gas to the fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell reformer comprises a modification catalyst layer (32) in which a reformed gas is formed by reacting a reforming raw material. A heating gas which heats the catalyst layer (32), is circulated in the heating gas circulation layer (54). A part (23) of the reformer which heats heating gas, also heats the raw material and catalyst layer. The reformed gas obtained by reacting reforming raw material in the catalyst layer, is supplied to a fuel cell. The outflow side of the catalyst layer has a carbon monoxide removal catalyst layer (34a).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of a fuel cell reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heating part of reformer (23)    Modification catalyst layer (32)    Carbon monoxide removal catalyst layer (34a)    Heating gas circulation layer (54)
NOVELTY - Cylinder-shaped fuel stack (1) with fuel cells (10) is rotatable along its peripheral direction. Linear grooves (13a) on circumference of each plate (P1-P6) are wide opened externally for supplying air to positive electrodes. Vanes (T) are formed protruding near the linear grooves, to pass air into the groove.    USE - Electric power source system in motor vehicle, electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Water produced in positive electrode of fuel cell is removed effectively. Required amount of hydrogen and oxygen gases are supplied efficiently to fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for usage method of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire perspective diagram of fuel cell stack.    Cylindrical-shaped fuel stack (1)    Fuel cells (10)    Linear grooves (13a)    Plates (P1-P6)    Vanes (T)
NOVELTY - The sensors (6,41) respectively determine temperature of reformer and outlet of combustion exhaust gas in reformer burner. The difference in detected temperature is computed. The degradation diagnostic unit determines degradation in state of reformer by comparing detected temperature difference with predetermined collation data.    USE - Fuel cell power generating device with reformer degradation determining function.    ADVANTAGE - Since degradation state of reformer is diagnosed accurately, replacement time of catalyst is capable of being determined in simple and in inexpensive manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) recording medium that stores degradation diagnostic program; and    (b) reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of fuel cell power generating device.    Sensors (6,41)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell apparatus (1) has reformer (2) with downstream side which obtains hydrogen rich reformed gas by reforming hydrogen containing compound. Hydrogen separation apparatus (3) forming heating gas from reformed gas ejected from reformer, by separation of components except hydrogen by selective adsorption, is provided to upper stream side of fuel cell (4). Heating gas formed is supplied to fuel cell.    USE - fuel cell apparatus for supplying heating gas to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Heating gas with very high hydrogen concentration is supplied to a fuel cell. Thereby electricity is efficiently generated. Since the components in the reformed gas is separated by adsorption, the fuel cell apparatus is inexpensive and simple. Since selective adsorption of components such as carbondioxide and carbon monoxide is performed efficiently, poisoning of catalyst of anode is prevented. Reduction in hydrogen concentration of the heating gas by circulation, is prevented. Since selective adsorption and separation of nitrogen are not required, it is not necessary to provide a separate apparatus for separating nitrogen in hydrogen separation apparatus. Since the hydrogen separation apparatus comprises adsorption tubes with high adsorption capability, adsorption and separation of reformed gas is carried out continuously. Thereby, heating gas with very high hydrogen concentration is continuously supplied to fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell apparatus (1)    Reformer (2)    Hydrogen separation apparatus (3)    Fuel cell (4)
NOVELTY - Electricity generation films (10), having oxidizing electrode (12) and fuel electrode (13), and interconnectors (20) are laminated alternately. The oxidizing gas and heating gas supplied towards oxidizing electrode and fuel electrode are reacted to generate electricity. The length between supply port (33) and receptacle (34) is less than the length between supply port (31) and receptacle (32).    USE - For power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The size and cost of the fuel cell are reduced. The reduction in electricity generation capacity suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An oxidizing electrode, a solid electrolyte film (10) and a fuel electrode are sequentially arranged to form an electricity generation film (10). An oxidizing gas (1) is passed towards oxidizing gas receptacle (32) from supply ports (31) and a heating gas (2) is passed towards fuel gas receptacle (34) from supply ports (33).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of fuel cell.    Oxidizing gas (1)    Heating gas (2)    Electricity generation film (10)    Solid electrolyte film (11)    Oxidizing electrode (12)    Fuel electrode (13)    Interconnector (20)    Supply ports (31,33)    Oxidizing gas receptacle (32)    Fuel gas receptacle (34)
NOVELTY - The device has parallel flow layers defined by heat exchanger channels carrying a first medium flow, second layers between and in thermal contact with each two first layers and at least one second heat exchanger channel carrying a second medium flow. Each second layer has two parallel sub-layers defining associated second heat exchanger channels. There is controlled delivery of the second medium to each sub-layer and/or each other sub-lay.    USE - E.g. for use as an evaporator in a reforming system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables different temperature control of one medium controllable by a first or second part of the heat exchanger or with controllable components in parallel in both parts of the heat exchanger.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device has several flow layers (1a,1b) in parallel defined by a first set of heat exchanger channels (5) carrying a first medium flow and second layers (2a,2b) between and in thermal contact with each two first layers and at least one second heat exchanger channel (14a,14b) carrying a second medium flow. Each second layer has two parallel flow sub-layers (9a,9b) of which each defines an associated second heat exchanger channel. There is an arrangement for controlled delivery of the second medium to each sub-layer and/or each other sub-layer. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: the use of a heat exchanger as an evaporator in a reforming system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional exploded representation of a heat exchanger    flow layers (1a,1b)    first set of heat exchanger channels (5)    second layers (2a,2b)    second heat exchanger channels (14a,14b)    flow sub-layers (9a,9b)
NOVELTY - Reflecting the environment of a pressurized fluid system in a sampling container comprises causing fluid flowing through sampling container to sweep one or more substrate bodies having representative material substrate surfaces of a configuration and nature adapted to simulate the environment of the pressurized fluid system.    USE - The method is used for reflecting, in a sampling container, the environment of a pressurized fluid system. It is also suited for studying other environments or conditions that may cause problems in pressurized fluid systems, e.g. corrosion. It is applicable in industrial and medical fields.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple and permits analysis of the environment of fluid systems, while improving the possibility of precluding bacterial growth and bio-film formation in such fluid systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reflecting, in a sampling container, the environment of a pressurized fluid system comprises causing fluid flowing through sampling container to sweep one or more substrate bodies having representative material substrate surfaces of a configuration and nature adapted to simulate the environment of the pressurized fluid system. The pressurized fluid from the fluid system is caused to flow through the sampling container and back to the fluid system during a predetermined time interval.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a device for reflecting, in a sampling container, the environment of a pressurized fluid system comprising a removable assembly adapted to be placed in the sampling container and including one or more substrate bodies having representative material substrate surfaces of a configuration and nature adapted to simulate the environment of the fluid system; and    (2) a sampling container to be used for sampling a representative fluid sample from a pressurized fluid system comprising containing one or more substrate bodies.
NOVELTY - The shift reaction part is formed so that the shift reaction is performed while heat exchanging with raw material gas by introducing reformed gas from the reforming reaction part into the reformed gas passage directly.    USE - Used to produce hydrogen for use in fuel cells and hydrogen engines.    ADVANTAGE - The modifying reaction can be carried out over a wide temperature range from a high temperature condition where the rate of reaction is high to a low temperature condition where equilibrium is advantageous for the reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Modifying device has a shift reaction part which modifies by an aqueous gas shift reaction of a hydrogen-rich reformed gas formed by a reaction including partial oxidation from a raw material gas including hydrocarbon gas, oxidizing gas and water vapor with a modifying catalyst in a reforming part where hydrogenation is not performed from the outer part.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the modifying device.    Modifying Device Housing (1)    Partition Wall (2)    Raw Material Gas Passage (3)    Raw Material Gas Inlet (4)    Reforming Reaction Part (6)    Inlet Part (6a)    Outlet Part (6b)    Heat Insulation Material (7)    Shift Reaction Part (10)    Reformed Gas Passage (11)    Catalyst Support (12)    Central Hole (13)    Heat Exchanger (15)    Heat Conduction Line (16)    Reformed Gas Outlet (18)    Heat Insulation Material (19)
NOVELTY - Electrode reactions are performed in catalyst regions provided in porous electrodes. The reaction products are continuously removed in circulating gas streams which provide new gas supply. The speed of electrolyte (24) circulation determines the build-up of the fuel (16) or reactant cross-over gradient in the cell. The removed methanol is reclaimed in a distillation loop.    USE - For generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Undesired flow of unreacted fuel from the anode to the cathode is prevented. The unreacted fuel is recycled back to the cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell system generates electricity electrochemically from liquid and gaseous fuels on the anodic side and, oxygen and air on the cathodic side. The electrode reactions are performed in catalyst regions provided in porous electrodes. The reaction products are continuously removed in circulating gas streams which provide new gas supply. The circulating electrolyte serves as a heat exchanger, and the speed of electrolyte circulation determines the build-up of the fuel or reactant cross-over gradient in the cell. The removed methanol is reclaimed in a distillation loop.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded cross-sectional view of a direct methanol fuel cell.    Fuel (16)    Electrolyte (24)
NOVELTY - The humidifying system takes in outside air through an inlet (11) and gathers moisture from the exhaust gas released by the fuel cell (1). Highly wet air is formed in the humidifier (4) which communicates with both the piping (5) for air, and the piping (6) for exhaust gas. The highly wet air together with hydrogen is then supplied to the fuel cell (1) for the generation of electrical power. The wet air also supplies moisture to the membrane to maintain the water saturated condition.    USE - To maintain good ionic conduction by applying moisture to the solid polymer membrane.    ADVANTAGE - Improved efficiency with reduced size of humidifier and supercharger.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a process for humidifying a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Block diagram of humidifying system    Air inlet (1)    Humidifier (4)    Piping (5,6)    Air inlet (11)
NOVELTY - The polyethylene composition consists of a low density polyethylene, 200 g or less of nucleating agent per 800 pounds of polyethylene, 1-4 weight% (wt.%) of glycerol monostearate and a blowing agent (A) containing 50-95 mol% of ethane and 5-50 mol% of isobutane.    USE - For manufacture of foamed polyethylene sheet used as packing material.    ADVANTAGE - Polyethylene sheet of reduced thickness is obtained efficiently. Extrusion of the polyethylene composition, is performed easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The polyethylene composition consists of a low density polyethylene, 200 g or less of nucleating agent per 800 pounds of polyethylene, 1-4 weight% (wt.%) of glycerol monostearate and a blowing agent (A) containing 50-95 mol% of ethane and 5-50 mol% of isobutane.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a foamable polyester composition containing polyethylene, polyethylene copolymer and/or ionomer, 50-95 mol% ethane and 5-50 mol% of a blowing agent (B) other than carbon dioxide.
NOVELTY - Components of a hydrocarbon-containing feed gas are recovered by utilizing lean reflux process via cryogenic distillation procedures.    USE - For recovering ethane, ethylene, and heavier hydrocarbons from natural gases and refinery gases.    ADVANTAGE - The invention simple, efficient, cost effective and which maximizes ethane recovery but does not require appreciable increases in capital and operating costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recovering components of a hydrocarbon-containing fed gas via cryogenic distillation column, comprises deriving a top feed portion and a bottom feed portion to a lead reflux absorber by dividing a feed gas stream into a top feed portion, a bottom feed portion, and a first gas portion. The first gas portion is cooled and separated into a first liquid phase comprising condensed components and a main vapor portion. The top feed portion is condensed and introduced to the top of the lean reflux absorber. The bottom feed portion is introduced to the lean reflux absorber at a location below the condensed top feed portion. The lean reflux absorber is rectified to produce a lean vapor phase from an upper region of the lean reflux absorber, and a bottom fluid stream comprising a remaining components from the bottom of the lean reflux absorber. The lean vapor phase is condensed to form a lean reflux stream for top feed to the cryogenic distillation column. The pressures of the lean reflux stream, the bottom fluid stream, the main vapor portion, and the first liquid phase are expanded and lowered. Natural gas liquid product is then recovered from the bottom of the cryogenic distillation column.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for carrying out the process.
NOVELTY - Apparatus has bioreactor connected through controllable valve to air blower. Bioreactor is connected through controllable valve to charging auger-type mixer.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency and improved controllability of organic waste reprocessing operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus has bioreactor connected through controllable valve to air blower. Bioreactor is connected through controllable valve to charging auger-type mixer. Construction of apparatus allows methane produced in the process of fermentation in bioreactor to be collected. Apparatus is equipped with device for controlling microorganism activity. Apparatus may be used for producing fertilizers from agricultural wastes.
NOVELTY - Provided is a decomposing agent for organic waste, which has excellent decomposing ability without odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The decomposing agent comprises KCCM-10167 (Gloephylluon Sp, Candida Sp, Bacillus Sp, Leuconostoc Mesentroides Subpcremoris), casting from earthworm, and others.
NOVELTY - A sequential process for treating waste food is provided by an apparatus using earthworms and a microorganism and comprising a storage tank, an earthworm breeding tank, a waste water treating device, and a rancidity removing device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus for treating the waste food comprises: the storage tank(10) for separating, grinding, dewatering, fermenting the waste food; the earthworm breeding tank(20) keeping a temperature of 15-25 deg. C and connected to the storage tank(10), in which the earthworms ingest the waste food from the storage tank(10); the waste water treating device(30), connected to the storage tank(10), for purifying the waste water generated from the storage tank(10) by using the microorganism, thereby, the purified waste water is supplied to the earthworm breeding tank(20) in order to control humidity and to use precipitates as feed for the earthworms; the rancidity removing device(40) connected to the waste water treating device(30).
NOVELTY - An organic waste fermenting agent and a method of fermenting the organic waste using the same are provided, thereby the generation of odor is drastically reduced and the amount of subsidiary materials added during fermenting waste is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic waste fermenting agent contains a mixed strain(KCCM-10167) consisting of Gloephylluon sp., Candida sp., Bacillus sp., and Leuconostoc mesentroides subp. cremoris. The method of fermenting the organic waste comprises the steps of: cooking rice, inserting the cooked rice into an air-permeable vessel, and storing it in bamboo forests for 5 to 10 days; transferring the rice into ceramic vessel, adding sugar and incubating it with supplying air for 7 to 15 days; mixing the fermented rice with rice bran to prepare the organic waste fermenting agent; adding the agent into waste and fermenting them at 45 to 50deg.C.
NOVELTY - Provided is a disposal method of organic waste using earthworm that can maximize the uptake rate of organic waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Before feeding organic waste to earthworm, organic waste is adjusted as follows: dehydration right arrow fermentation (seeding fermenting agent) right arrow addition of bulking agent (for adjusting salt/moisture content) right arrow adding onion (2-3kg/ton-organic waste) for about 8 days right arrow adding fructose (2-3 kg/ton-organic waste) for about 8 days.
NOVELTY - Compost manufacturing apparatus for treating waste material such as domestic organic refuse, comprising an encapsulated rotating screw conveyer located at one side of the injection hole, is new.    USE - For treating organic refuse in home.    ADVANTAGE - The screw conveyor enables the treatment of waste material effectively without pollution, at low running cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An encapsulated screw conveyor (17) which rotates is located at one side of the injection hole (20). (20) supplies waste material in continuous compost manufacturing apparatus. The apparatus comprises two or more arms which are attached to a rotating shaft which is installed inside the encasement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the compost manufacturing apparatus.    Screw conveyor (17)    Injection hole (20)
NOVELTY - The temperature of organic waste is measured during composting of organic waste by aerated fermentation in a composting tank (1). When the temperature of organic waste is more than 60 degrees Centigrade, the temperature is reduced to 60- 55 degrees Centigrade, and water is added to organic waste.    USE - For composting organic waste such as food waste, by aerated fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - Effective usage of organic waste is enabled, and the ejecting amount of waste material is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The amount of rehydration of organic waste is 2-10 mass% of the dried organic waste mass.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of organic waste composting apparatus.    Composting tank (1)
NOVELTY - Material with high calorific value such as plastic, paper and other similar waste, is crushed to a powder form a fuel (F). The powdered fuel is placed between two strip-shaped materials (3) and strip-shaped fuel is formed which is wound on a spool (2).    USE - For strip-shaped fuel comprising e.g. powdered plastic obtained from crushed materials possessing high calorific value.    ADVANTAGE - Makes handling and storage of the fuel easy since a spool is used for winding the strip-shaped fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a winding method for strip-shaped fuel; and    (b) an unwinding method of strip-shaped fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the storage structure.    Spool (2)    Strip-shaped material (3)    Fuel (F)
NOVELTY - A steam generator (1) has U-shaped pipes (2) arranged in rows. A liquid supply pipe (4) with a nozzle and a steam emission pipe (5) are connected to the respective ends of the U-shaped pipe.    USE - In a fuel cell system for methanol modifier mounting motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The steam generator is compact in size. Steam generating capacity is increased. Heat conducting characteristic and durability are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A liquid supply pipe is coaxially provided inside an inlet pipe (6). An emission pipe (5) has a diameter more than the diameter of the U-shaped pipes. Parallel tubes (9) are fixed in a tube plate (8). The U-shaped pipes are inserted between the rows of juxtaposed parallel tubes. A thermal storage agent is filled between both the tanks (7). Liquid fuel is supplied to one end of the U-shaped pipe through a supply pipe. High temperature gas is passed through entrance pipes (10) connected to the tanks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the steam generator.    Steam generator (1)    Pipes (2)    Liquid supply pipe (4)    Steam emission pipe (5)    Inlet pipe (6)    Tanks (7)    Tube plate (8)    Tubes (9)    Entrance pipes (10)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of compost involves adding cement and wood pulp to organic raw material and fermenting.    USE - For manufacturing compost.    ADVANTAGE - Organic raw material is fermented efficiently and smoothly. The compost is produced in short time, as raw material mixture is set to suitable alkalinity and air content for propagating microbes during fermentation. The quantity of air contained is increased and aerobic fermentation is accelerated.
NOVELTY - Volatilization of arsenide from soil, involves volatilizing arsenide from soil at low-temperature by mixing a reducer with the soil, and heating the soil, or heating the soil in presence of reducing gas.    USE - For purifying soil contaminated with arsenide, such as soil in military fields.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient volatilization of arsenide from soil by low-temperature heating.
NOVELTY - The modification catalyst for dimethyl ether comprises a solid acid carrying a transition metal (except copper), copper and/or copper compound.    USE - As raw material heating gas for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst enables formation of mixed gas containing high concentration of hydrogen content, thereby effectively generating electricity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell apparatus.
NOVELTY - A refrigerant composition comprises : (a) at least 35 wt.% pentafluoroethane, octafluoropropane, hexafluoro-cyclopropane, and/or trifluoromethoxydifluoromethane; (b) at least 30 wt.% 1,1,1,2- or 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, trifluoromethoxypentafluoroethane, and/or 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane; and (c) 1 to less than 2.3 wt.% n-butane or isobutane.    USE - As a refrigerant in a refrigeration apparatus (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composition is highly compatible with mineral oil lubricants which have been conventionally used with chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following :    (1) use of a composition of the refrigerant in a refrigeration apparatus;    (2) the process for producing refrigeration; and    (3) a refrigeration apparatus containing the composition as a refrigerant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows graphically the amount of refrigerant used with each corresponding performance index, where y-axes represent the performance index, negative z-axis represents % w/w R600, and positive z-axis represents the %w/w R134a.
NOVELTY - Transformation of organic products comprises mixing products with conductive bodies (k) and then heating by subjecting the mixture of products and conductive bodies to variable electromagnetic induction flux of very high frequency. The products to be processed are heated without contact with air and in the presence of water vapor.    USE - For transforming organic products into gaseous or liquid combustibles, in particular, refuse and waste, e.g. polyethylene and polypropylene, printed circuit board scrap, paper, wood, biomass, sanitary refuse, medicines, rubber, paints, oils, grease, resins.    ADVANTAGE - The system allows the best possible recovery of useful substances to be achieved from the transformation. It permits rapid heating of the material to be processed. Heating takes place directly inside the refuse mass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for transformation equipment including a reactor (28), mixing device (12) before the reactor, and induction device (58) capable of generating variable electromagnetic induction flux of very high frequency inside the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially sectioned view of the equipment.    Conductive bodies (k)    Mixing device (12)    Reactor (28)    Induction device (58)
NOVELTY - A method for producing granular built-up fertilizer includes such steps as preparing multi-bacterial biofertilizer and building-up with organic, inorganic and trace elements, all of which are synergistic with each other to fully use biological bacterial group and accelerate the decomposition of inorganic P and K, benefiting crops to suck and increasing Yield.    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages include simple production process and low cost. It is suitable as base fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A composting system comprises a composting vessel, a mixer, and an aerator. The vessel comprises parallel air injection pipes (1) on the floor; a drainage (2) at the lowest point; overhead sprinklers (3) around the top of the vessel; test holes (4) around the vessel for introducing probes for temperature and pH testing; and air outlets (5) on the top of the vessel.    USE - For composting difficult and noxious materials, e.g. sewage biosolids.    ADVANTAGE - The vessel isolates the correct materials in a mixture or by themselves and in a prepared state. Thus, previously unusable materials are turned into useable compost or worm food in commercial quantities. The inventive composting system is environmentally friendly, and destroys dangerous anaerobic pathogens efficiently and economically.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a shipping container used as a composting vessel.    Air injection pipes (1)    Drainage (2)    Overhead sprinklers (3)    Test holes (4)    Air outlets (5)
NOVELTY - One possible simple design of an integrated manifold reformer (5) may be used when it is desired to have all the reforming heat taken from the hot chamber (16). Insulation (23) is placed between the catalyst (13) and the fuel-cell stack (103) to eliminate most of the heat (Q) from the stack. Insulation is also placed outside the manifold enclosure (10) to reduce initial heating rate of the fuel gas (14). The flow passage is a simple one-pass configuration where gas flows from the inlet through the bed of catalyst to provide reformed fuel gas for the stack, it flows towards the end (18) of the manifold enclosure and then into the plenum region (21).    USE - Provides an improved integrated manifold arrangement for fuel-cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - Enables simple plumbing, performs all the functions of a prior manifold and the functions of the reformer, and gives a compact power system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a fuel cell manifold arrangement.    Reformer (5)    Heat (Q)    Enclosure (10)    Catalyst (13)    Fuel gas (14)    Hot chamber (16)    End (18)    Plenum region (21)    Insulation (23)    Stack (103)
NOVELTY - The mechanical and biological treatment of household waste comprises covering a heap of waste (9) with a layer of 25-80 mm particles. The covering is then coated with a layer of material (12), not exceeding 2.80m in height of the heap.    USE - In industry in general.
NOVELTY - Organic waste with water content of predetermined amount is granulated to form an aggregate which is introduced into a fermenter. Gas passage spaces are formed between the adjoining particulate material and fermentation processing is carried out.    USE - For fermentation processing of organic waste such as livestock dung, sewage treatment sludge and organic refuses.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction of fermentation processing time is attained. Primary and secondary fermentation are carried out using a simple apparatus and hence labor and installation cost are reduced. Need for cutting back operation during primary and secondary fermentation is avoided. Generation of bad smell is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fermentation processing apparatus of organic waste comprising dispersion apparatus for supply of warm water uniformly to base side of fermentation chamber in a charging air housing. Warm air is supplied to the fermenter through ventilation floor.
NOVELTY - Apparatus has aeration tank (AT) (a1) carrying microorganism culture filtration layer (1) into which crushed polyethylene terephthalate bottles (1') are added. Waste water stored in (a1) passes through layer (1) and is circulated to other AT lying on downstream side through circulation unit (3). Sensor (4) to detect quality of treated water is provided in (a1) at position higher than (1).    USE - For processing waste water ejected from foodstuff processing industry.    ADVANTAGE - The organic substances contained in waste water are decomposed by aerobic bacteria and the treated water is safely recycled. The water level in the tank is detected by the sensing unit and the tank can be maintained accordingly to prevent clogging. Installation cost of the processing apparatus is less. Pollution of rivers, lakes, marshes and oceans is prevented. Reliable treatment of the waste water is carried out by the processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of outline of waste water processing apparatus.    Microorganism filtration layer (1)    Crushed PET pieces (1')    Natural water supply pipe (2)    Circulation unit (3)    Sensor unit (4)    Electromagnetic selector valve (5)    Alarm unit (8)    Accommodation units (11,21)    Processing apparatus (A)    Aeration tank (a1)
NOVELTY - Decomposition of chlorinated dioxin contained in soil, ashes or water, involves adding surfactant to the soil, maintaining the moisture content of the soil, to more than 15 weight%, and decomposing the chlorinated dioxin in the soil using microorganism having decomposability of chlorinated dioxin, under aerobic condition.    USE - The process is useful for decomposing chlorinated dioxin in soil, ashes or water, ejected from city refuse and incineration of industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The chlorinated dioxin contained in the soil, ashes and water is efficiently and inexpensively decomposed by the effect of microorganism and addition of surfactant. The decomposability of chlorinated dioxin by microorganism production enzyme or titanium oxide, is improved.
NOVELTY - Waste water is processed in a reaction vessel (2) by microorganism. A portion of sludge (D) and sludge (E) are respectively passed into a solubilizing tank (4) and an anaerobic fermenter (5). After solubilization, the sludge is returned to the vessel (2). A coagulant (I) is added to fermented sludge and solubilized supernatant liquid (J) is returned to vessel (2) after precipitation process.    USE - For removing organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus from waste water, particularly sewage water.    ADVANTAGE - The decomposition of organic substances, denitrification and dephosphorization are effectively performed. The amount of surplus sludge generated is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic substance particularly nitrogen component in waste water is decomposed by microorganism and activated sludge is generated. The sludge (K) precipitated after anaerobic fermentation followed by precipitation is disposed as surplus sludge (L). The coagulant added is preferably an oxidizing agent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows process flowchart of waste water.    Reaction vessel (2)    Solubilizing tank (4)    Anaerobic fermenter (5)
NOVELTY - The biological treatment of organic waste water is performed in a bio-reaction tank (1) by microorganism and the sludge generated is solubilized. The solubilized sludge is supplied to sludge concentration tank (14) where it is concentrated and disposed. The water separated from the concentrated sludge, and a part of the solubilized sludge are returned to the bio-reaction tank.    USE - For biological treatment of sewage.    ADVANTAGE - Surplus sludge is solubilized and concentrated. Thus decay of sludge and generation of bad smell/odor are prevented. By returning the separated water, the healthy sludge is maintained (retained) the bio-reaction tank. Stable sludge disposal is enabled. By adding the coagulant to the solubilized sludge, phosphorus is removed from waste water, by concentrating it with sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process flow diagram of processing method of waste water and sludge. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Bio-reaction tank (1)    Sludge concentration tank (14)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has an aluminum casing (2a) which is provided with a wooden base (4). An aluminum copper section (2b) is attached to the casing which is provided with a viewing hole (5). A motor is attached through a bearing and a mounting plate, to the casing, which is inserted with hydrometer (10) and thermometer (9). An exhaust port (11) is attached to the upper section which includes an extraction mouth.    USE - For processing domestic organic refuse e.g. rice straw, rice bran, leaves.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of aluminum casing reduces the weight of the apparatus. The processing is performed with microorganisms without producing any bad smell and the product becomes simple to transfer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The casing comprises an aluminum drum containing guide attaching hole with a fastening hole. A cylindrical container is provided at the center of the drum. The drum shaft is attached to a fixed hole. A hole is provided at the base of a PET bottle, which is accommodated in the drum. The housing is provided with a water supply tank to regulate temperature and humidity of the process. A net cover closes the hole of the PET bottle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of the casing. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Aluminum casing (2a)    Aluminum copper section (2b)    Wooden base (4)    Viewing hole (5)    Thermometer (9)    Hydrometer (10)    Exhaust port (11)
NOVELTY - A nozzle arm (1) having injection nozzles (3) with a downward slanting opening is rotated to make the injection fluid collide with the liquid surface for defoaming.    USE - The method is useful for chemical treatment, sewage treatment, fermentation and evaporative concentration applications.    ADVANTAGE - Defoaming of a broad surface is carried out reliably. Contamination owing to chemical solutions is not caused since mechanical defoaming is used, thus electric power is not consumed, and the operation cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the defoaming apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Nozzle arm (1)    Injection nozzle (3)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell which generates electricity using reformed gas containing hydrogen. Hydrocarbon-type fuel is supplied to a fuel reformer (5) and reformed gas containing hydrogen is formed by oxidation, which is then passed through a carbon monoxide (CO) convertor (60). Heat recovery units (65) for exchange of heat between waste gas ejected from the fuel cell, and reformed gas from the CO convertor, is provided.    USE - For the generation of electricity using reformed gas containing hydrogen as a fuel source.    ADVANTAGE - Use of a heat tracing unit is prevented hence the apparatus is made compact. The heat from the CO convertor is recovered using a recovery unit hence effective use of energy is made possible. By controlling the reaction temperature of the CO convertor based on the rate of flow of waste gas, and by controlling the burning temperature of the combustor by fuel utilization factor of the fuel cell, temperature control is simplified. The heating gas of the fuel modifier is preheated by town gas hence preheating is controlled easily. By installing the heating unit during initiation of operation of the fuel cell, simplification of cell structure is enabled. The water supply unit and recuperator enable cooling of the reformed gas, reliably controlling the temperature of the reformed gas. By arranging the fuel modifier, combustor and recuperator integrally, size reduction of entire apparatus is attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Film modifier (5)    Recuperator (6)    Converting units (7,8)    Combustor (19)    Heating unit (26)    CO convertor (60)    Heat recovery unit (65)    Water supply unit (90)
NOVELTY - An outer reactor (200) and an internal furnace (100) are arranged at predetermined interval. One end of furnace is closed and another end is provided with a lid (107). The reactor has opened and closed ends (202,204). The reactor is moved to the furnace along longitudinal direction, such that the furnace is introduced inside open end of reactor, to constitute a carbonization furnace.    USE - For carbonization of waste materials such as waste tire, plastic waste material and organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The carbonization of waste material is carried out effectively, using the carbonization furnace comprising a furnace covered with a reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbonization method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of carbonization furnace.    Internal furnace (100)    Lid (107)    Outer reactor (200)    Opened end (202)    Closed end (204)
NOVELTY - Waste gas processing method involves decomposing organic substances dissolved in process solution obtained by gas-liquid contact of an exhaust gas containing organic compounds, with gas treatment liquid, in a gas treatment tower (3). The process solution does not contain organic material or is mixed with some of the treatment liquid obtained from the tower, after gas-liquid contact.    USE - The method is useful for processing waste gas containing organic substances such as activated sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables the waste gas to be treated stably and efficiently with a high process rate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the waste gas processing method.    Gas treatment tower (3)
NOVELTY - Bacillus genus bacteria has benzophenone or oxy benzophenone decomposing ability.    USE - The method is useful for decomposing benzophenone or oxy benzophenone contained in waste water and biological saline.    ADVANTAGE - Benzophenone or oxy benzophenone in waste water can be processed inexpensively, quickly and efficiently by using the Bacillus bacteria, without using special techniques.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) decomposition method of benzophenone which involves treating benzophenone or oxy benzophenone with Bacillus bacteria or Bacillus bacteria treated substance having benzophenone or oxy benzophenone decomposing ability; and    (2) processing method of benzophenone or oxy benzophenone contained in waste water which involves adding culture of Bacillus bacteria.
NOVELTY - Communication fermenter (4') connects fermenters (4) (vertically provided in two rows). Shaft (5) in each fermenter has stirring blades (6) to mix organic raw material. Vane (7) in board (7') of each fermenter circulates compost. Injection fermenter (9) and retention fermenter (11) are provided to feed and extraction openings (8,10) respectively at upstream and downstream ends of circulation line.    USE - For composting organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The rate of volume reduction is high as fermenter is of circulation type. Fine natural compost is obtained and the apparatus can be used for long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flat surface explanatory drawing of compost apparatus.    Communication fermenter (4')    Shaft (5)    Stirring blades (6)    Vane (7)    Vane board (7')    Injection fermenter (9)    Retention fermenter (11)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse process machine comprises a box-type treatment tank. The treatment tank (12) has two screws provided at the bottom, an insertion opening (18) provided above the back part of screw (14), a discharge port (20) provided at the end of the screw, and a tilted plate (22) provided above the leading end part of screw.    USE - For fermenting and composting organic refuses such as pruning waste of garden trees.    ADVANTAGE - Large and hard organic refuses such as pruning waste of trees, can be fermented efficiently, and uniformly. The organic refuse process machine has simple structure, reduced size, and is inexpensive. The treated organic refuse is ejected quickly within short time. The convection state of organic refuse is controlled optimally. The fermentation of organic refuse is accelerated by supplying oxygen via fresh air blowing hole.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic refuse process machine comprises a box-type treatment tank. The treatment tank (12) has two screws provided at the bottom, an insertion opening (18) provided above the back part of screw (14), a discharge port (20) provided at the end of the screw, and a tilted plate (22) provided above the leading end part of screw. The two screws are rotated mutually and facing inwardly at reverse direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of organic refuse process machine in transverse plane.    Treatment tank (12)    Screw (14)    Insertion opening (18)    Discharge port (20)    Plate (22)    Screw vane (24)    Grinding, stirring and conveyance blade (26)    Fresh air blowing hole (30)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen fuel manufacturing apparatus comprises inlet (32) for introducing mixture of water and hydrocarbon-type liquid fuel and housings (14,16,18) containing outlet (34) for fuel elimination. An arc reaction chamber (76) is connected to inlet and outlet. An arc is generated by electrical supply unit in arc reaction chamber. An injector (24) is provided to supply raw material mixture to electrode unit (B).    USE - For hydrogen-rich fuel manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen fuel is manufactured economically with mass production using inexpensive raw materials such as water (industrial, sea water, distilled, pure and drinking water), and liquid fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogen-rich fuel manufacturing apparatus consists of inlet for introducing raw material mixture of water and hydrocarbon-type liquid fuel and a housing provided with an outlet for hydrogen-rich fuel elimination. An electrode unit (A) is supported in housing units. An electrode unit (B) spaced axially from electrode unit (A) is supported by the housing units and an electrode holder. An arc reaction chamber (76) containing electrode units (A,B) is connected to raw material mixture inlet and outlet units. Electric supply units supply electric power to the electrodes resulting in generation of an arc in arc reaction chamber. Injector is provided in the apparatus to supply raw material mixture to electrode (B) housing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of hydrogen rich fuel manufacturing apparatus.    Electrode units (A,B)    Housings (14,16,18)    Injector (24)    Anode (26)    Cathode assembly (42)    Inlet (32)    Outlet (34)    Cooling route (38,40)    Steam generation unit (50)    Micro arc formation unit (76)    Arc reaction chamber (78)    Three-phase alternate current electric power (106)    Three-phase alternator (108)    Rapid cooling unit (110)    Inlets (I,II)
NOVELTY - A gas detector comprises a contact combustion-type sensor element and a degree variable device for providing heat and to change the heating temperature.    USE - For detecting a gas mixture containing, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane.    ADVANTAGE - The detector effectively detects the components of a gas mixture.
NOVELTY - Growth of a microbe (M1), involves introducing the microbe to a mixture containing 0.5-30 parts by weight (pbw) of wheat bran and further preferably 0.5-20 pbw of a growth assistant in 100 pbw of a substrate containing 30-70 weight % of water and having a pH of 6.0-9.0.    USE - The microbial material can be used for the control of plant pathogenic microbes, preparation of compost from organic materials, water purification and decomposition of waste plastics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A microbial material prepared by (M1).
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has an anode (1), a cathode (3) and an intermediate electrolyte (2), with introduction and discharge of an oxidizing agent to and from the cathode space (5), which forms part of an oxidizing agent circuit (8), around which the oxidizing agent can be circulated by a fan (9) and in which a water separator (10) can be incorporated.    USE - The fuel cell is used for converting chemical energy into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell does not require a high pressure pump for providing a relatively high pressure in the cathode space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for a fuel cell operating method is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell.    Anode (1)    Electrolyte (2)    Cathode (3)    Cathode space (5)    Oxidizing agent circuit (8)    Fan (9)    Water separator (10)
NOVELTY - An integrated manifold is in fluid communication with the two stacks of a fuel cell power plant. The manifold includes a plenum for diverting a first reactant to each of the stacks with a second plenum accepting the first reactant exhausted from each of the fuel cell stacks.    USE - Integrated manifold for a fuel cell power plant e.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Uniformly delivers reactants while reducing the overall weight and volume.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell power plant (100) has two fuel cell stacks (102,104) which share a common, integrated fuel inlet and exhaust manifold (106). The manifold is positioned to be in gaseous communication with each of the stacks. An inner separator baffle (108) is gas impermeable to ensure that inputted and exhausted fuel flows are separated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional plan view of the two fuel cell stacks making up the power plant.    Fuel cell power plant (100)    Fuel cell stacks (102,104)    Integrated manifold (106)
NOVELTY - A household composting container, comprising an opening (6), through which materials such as food scraps to be composted, are deposited in a container case (2), is new. A closure (13) is coupled to the case. Air from an aerator (18) enters the composting material through an inlet (10) for aerobic decomposition. A blanket layer prevents water build up on the composting material surface.    USE - For households to compost food scraps and vegetative matter.    ADVANTAGE - By preventing build up of water layer, free flow of gases through composting material is enabled and proper aerobic decomposition of the material takes place to form compost within the compost container. Allows good flow of air into the composting material at appropriate points to optimize aerobic composting and minimizes the compaction of composting material. Prevents entry of insects into container by providing filters over all air inlets to container.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method of forming structural panel; and    (2) an aerator for a composting container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a composting container.    Container case (2)    Opening (6)    Internal space (7)    Air inlet (10)    Closure (13)    Aerator (18).
NOVELTY - This invention relates to biodegradable sludge cake pretreatment process. In this process, the biodegradable sludge cake is mixed with selected space makers and rotten compost, then evenly broken into smaller pieces. During or after the breakage, aqueous solution, which contained hydro-peroxide and surfactant, is evenly sprayed on the composting.
NOVELTY - Complex system has fermentation vessel with light-transmitting roof, air heating device positioned in fermentation vessel, grab, charging device and vehicles. Slurry collector is positioned outside fermentation vessel, and longitudinal central aerating and slurry discharge channel are made in fermentation vessel bottom. Slurry discharge channel is extending in inclined position with respect to slurry collector and is provided at its outlet end with lock gate. Slurry discharge channel is separated from fermentation vessel with air and liquid-permeable cover. Air heating device has fan, air intake positioned under light-transmitting roof and communicated with fan suction branch pipe, and slurry discharge channel whose inlet end is connected via air discharge pipe to fan delivery pipe. Light-transmitting roof is formed from folding-back sections provided with air excessive moisture condensers, condensate collectors and balancing and fixing devices. Grab and charging device are mounted on separate mobile platforms positioned outside fermentation vessel. Charging device is equipped with vessel for accumulating compost mixture components, which has coarse inclusions separator, grinding-mixing and transporting rotors and telescopic discharge conveyor. Complex system of such construction provides intensified reprocessing of manure, bird dung and other organic wastes for producing compost under large-scale production conditions.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced process time and power consumption, improved quality of end product. 5 cl, 3 dwg
NOVELTY - A novel composting apparatus consists of several air feed pipes (3) arranged at a lower part of the fermenter (2) containing organic waste which is fermented to form compost. Air blower (14) is provided for uniform distribution of temperature in the fermenter.    USE - The apparatus is useful for composting organic waste such as waste of cattle, pig or chicken.    ADVANTAGE - Fertilizer of good quality is obtained from organic waste, by controlling the temperature distribution of fermenter using air blower provided in the fermenter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fermenter.    Fermenter (2)    Air feed pipe (3)    Air blower (14)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of hydrogen involves injection of organic material and Clostridium microorganism, and stirring so that the microorganism reacts with organic material and decomposes the organic material.    USE - The process is useful for manufacturing hydrogen, using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The decomposition of organic material is efficiently performed by injecting microorganism and stirring. The hydrogen is generated efficiently and inexpensively. Industrial utilization is achieved.
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus (2) stirs the organic refuse and carries out fermentation-degradation of refuse. A heater (4) heating the air in the upper portion of organic refuse treatment tank (1) is provided. Another heater for garbage (3) heats the garbage inside the treatment tank.    USE - The apparatus is useful for fermentation-decomposition of organic refuse using microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus prevents dew/mist formation by moisture, on upper portion of refuse treatment tank by heating air in upper portion of the tank. Activity of microorganism which process the organic refuse is not reduced, and process efficiency is improved. Moisture content removal capability is not reduced and the need for a ventilation fan or a deodorizing apparatus is eliminated, the top portion of the tank is heated, and hence operating cost is reduced. The treatment process is run by detecting moisture content in garbage being processed, and ensures completion of successful process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A moisture detection mechanism (5) detects the moisture content of the garbage material in the treatment tank. A control mechanism controls the operation of the heaters and based on the output from the moisture detection mechanism. A pH detection mechanism detects the pH value of the organic refuse inside the treatment tank and provides input to the control mechanism to regulate the operation of the heaters.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of an organic refuse treatment apparatus. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic refuse tank (1)    Organic refuse processing apparatus (2)    Heater for garbage disposal (3)    Air heater (4)    Moisture content detection mechanism (5)
NOVELTY - Garbage material is added to an organic refuse processing chamber (1). The temperature of the garbage material in the chamber is detected by a temperature detector (3). If the temperature is more than a predetermined value, a warning unit (4) produces a warning, to stop the addition of garbage. Fermentation decomposition of organic refuse takes place in the processing chamber.    USE - The apparatus is useful for garbage disposal.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces pH value of garbage slurry and prevents acidification of the slurry, when decomposition of carbohydrates is performed actively because supply of garbage is stopped when process chamber temperature is more than fixed value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse processing chamber (1)    Temperature detector (3)    Warning unit (4)
NOVELTY - A novel organic refuse processing device has a control unit to control stirring frequency of a stirring unit (9) based on detected value of moisture content of a charged organic refuse, temperature of the organic refuse and temperature of exhaust gas. The stirring unit stirs the organic refuse charged into a processing chamber. The exhaust unit ejects exhaust gas generated in the processing chamber.    USE - The device is useful for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The device controls exhaust gas emission and processing simultaneously based on moisture content of charged organic refuse by controlling stirring frequency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of organic refuse processing device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Stirring unit (9)
NOVELTY - Heater temperature control unit for organic refuse processing device, when a moisture content detecting sensor detects moisture content in an organic refuse charged in a process chamber, temperature of a heater is enhanced from its normal heating temperature. The heater is installed in the process chamber which processes the organic refuse.    USE - The heater temperature control unit can be used In organic refuse processing devices.    ADVANTAGE - The device reduces processing time of organic refuse due to enhancement of heating temperature, when moisture is detected in charged organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the timing chart of organic refuse processing device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Stirring pattern of stirring unit is changed depending on moisture content of charged organic waste. The organic waste is charged into a processing chamber of organic refuse processing device. Limiting value of moisture content of the charged organic waste, is set beforehand based on which moisture content of the charged material is compared for changing the stirring pattern.    USE - The method is useful for processing organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Processing of organic waste is performed stably due to changing of stirring pattern based on moisture content of organic refuse charged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the timing chart of organic refuse processing device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The equipment has a container (2) formed with a fermentation processing chamber (3) where an organic refuse scum is processed by an agitator (13) rotated with a drive shaft (12). The fermentation processing chamber is divided by curtain plates (12) attached at several places of the drive shaft into several fermentation chambers (15).    USE - For performing the fermentation process of an organic refuse scum.    ADVANTAGE - A number of fermentation chambers can be easily formed since the number of curtain plates attached to the drive shaft of an agitator can be set depending on the conditions such as the variety of organic refuse scum. The number of fermentation chambers can be easily changed by changing the number of curtain plates. The organic refuse scum in the final fermentation chamber can be easily returned to the first with a conveyor (14) provided in the drive shaft.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic refuse scum which is being processed is sequentially transferred from an initial stage fermentation chamber (15A) to a final stage fermentation chamber (15E) among the several fermentation chambers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is the sectional side view showing the structure of a continuous system organic refuse scum fermentation processing equipment.    Container (2)    Fermentation process chamber (3)    Drive shaft (11)    Curtain plate (12)    Agitator (13)    Conveyor (14)    Fermentation chamber (15)    Initial stage fermentation chamber (15A)    Final stage fermentation chamber (15E)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus, comprises a heater (2) for raising temperature in a processing chamber (1). A stirrer (3) stirs and pulverizes the organic refuse within the processing chamber. When a detector provided in the processing chamber detects activation of microorganisms, the apparatus operating in garbage insertion mode is switched to usual running mode by a controller.    USE - The apparatus is useful for decomposing organic refuse such as waste generated in a domestic kitchen, using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus prevents energy loss and performs satisfactory garbage disposal, because the device is switched from garbage insertion mode to usual running mode only when activation of microorganism is detected. Detects activation of microorganism using simple components, because rate of electricity supply to heater or temperature of supplied garbage is used to detect activation. Reduces number of components and simplifies the structure of the apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic refuse processing apparatus, comprises a heater (2) for raising temperature in a processing chamber (1). A stirrer (3) stirs and pulverizes the organic refuse within the processing chamber. When a detector provided in the processing chamber detects activation of microorganisms, the apparatus operating in garbage insertion mode is switched to usual running mode by a controller. An exhaust fan (4) removes moisture from the organic refuse. A moisture content measurement device (5) measures moisture content of supplied garbage. The activation of microorganism is detected by detecting rate of electricity supply to the heater or by detecting the temperature of supplied garbage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Processing chamber (1)    Heater (2)    Stirrer (3)    Exhaust fan (4)    Moisture content measurement device (5)
NOVELTY - A control unit prohibits functioning of stirring unit if it finds input lid of chamber is in open state, even when moisture content detection sensor detects moisture free condition of organic waste material charged in an organic refuse processing chamber. The input lid is automatically opened and closed in a preset time interval.    USE - In organic refuse processing device.    ADVANTAGE - Performs complete processing of organic refuse efficiently due to provision of the control unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows timing chart of organic refuse processing device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - In an organic refuse processor, when a predetermined time opening and closing of input lid is not performed continuously, an overflow control is restricted. The overflow control transfers organic waste from an organic refuse processing section to a recovery portion after completion of processing of the organic waste in the organic refuse processing section.    USE - The device is useful for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The overflow control device prevents transfer of unprocessed organic refuse to the recovery section.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the timing chart of organic refuse processing device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The organic refuse is injected into a carbonization furnace (4), heated to a temperature at which removal of moisture content from the organic refuse, and volume reduction of organic refuse, are performed. The volume reduced organic refuse is further heated for predetermined time, and carbonized.    USE - For using organic refuse carbonization device to carbonize organic refuse (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The processing capacity of organic refuse is improved sharply, without changing the capacity of existing carbonization furnace. The necessary heating time of organic refuse can be calculated based on the input of organic refuse, and moisture content in the organic refuse. Hence, the heating unit can be controlled manually or automatically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse carbonization device (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of carbonization device.    Carbonization device (1)    Carbonization furnace (4)
NOVELTY - Heavy metals from unused organic resources such as fishery waste material, containing heavy metals, organic acids and mineral acids, are removed by adding an enzyme secreted from a microorganism, which dissociates the heavy metal. A medium capable of absorbing the heavy metal is then used to release the heavy metal.    USE - For removing heavy metals from unused organic resources.    ADVANTAGE - Organic resources can be recycled, hence effective use is made possible. The process is economical and sludge highly concentrated with heavy metal is easily processed. Re-elution is not required and process cost can be reduced.
NOVELTY - Incineration of waste slurry is carried out in a incinerator (10) which utilizes combustible gas, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen generated from storage tank (40) containing chemical by-products, as fuel. The chemical by-products include tar, coke oven gas or ammonia liquor obtained from the manufacture of coke.    USE - For incinerating activated sludge.    ADVANTAGE - By utilizing combustible gas generated from the storage tank of chemicals as incineration fuel, the cost required for incineration is reduced. Incineration is carried out efficiently, without utilizing coke oven.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the incineration of waste slurry.    Incinerator (10)    Storage tank (40)
NOVELTY - Making compost, comprising mixing a source of nitrogen, source of carbon (wood containing organic substance), water and coal ash, is new. The resulting mixture is fermented in air and humidified to manufacture wooden raw material compost.    USE - For manufacturing wooden raw material compost used as fertilizer or soil improvement material.    ADVANTAGE - The compost used as fertilizer can be manufactured reliably within a short period of time. Clinker or fly ash generated as byproduct from thermal power station is used effectively. The use of hen droppings increases the nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium content of the compost.
NOVELTY - Fuel reformer (60) consists of combustor (19) integrated with fuel modifier (5). Gas containing oxygen and water vapor, or hydrocarbon fuel is combusted in combustor and then directly passed to fuel modifier which generates hydrogen.    USE - For reforming hydrocarbon or methanol to generate hydrogen, used for fuel cells and hydrogen engines.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer is simple, prevents formation of nitrogen oxide (NOx), and can be smoothly started. The reformer and combustor provided within single container enables to reduce heat loss, and the catalyst filled within combustor reduces reformer size.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of fuel reformer (Includes non-English language text).    Fuel modifier (5)    Combustor (19)    Container (25)    Electric heater (26)    Combustion catalyst (28)    Inner tube (29)    Fuel reformer (60)
NOVELTY - A reformer (10) has modification catalyst to accelerate modification of hydrocarbon (HC), catalyst part (16) with oxidation catalyst to accelerate oxidation of HC, supply unit to supply heated gas containing HC and oxygen to (16) through surface of oxidation catalyst and ejection unit to eject waste gas from (16). The supply unit has in-flow unit to enable flow of specific area of gas into (16).    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The release of unreacted hydrocarbon from reformer during warm-up is restrained, by shortening warming-up time of reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of reformer.    Reformer (10)    Heating part (14)    Catalyst part (16)    Thermocouples (18a-18c)
NOVELTY - The composite material has oxide porous body (1) which consists of magnesium, having strontium, iron and cobalt as principle components on the surface. A coating layer (2) and sealing part (3) which consists of precise mixed conductivity oxide satisfying the relation Sr:Fe:Co = 4:x:y (3.5 at most x at most 5.0 and 1.0 at most y at most 2.5) is formed.    USE - For solid electrolyte reactors, deoxygenation apparatus (claimed) and for diaphragm reactor for oxidation and partial oxidation of hydrocarbons (methane, natural gas, ethane, etc.).    ADVANTAGE - The ceramic composite material efficiently conveys oxygen in air or mixed gas selectively by inexpensive and reliable method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of ceramic composite material.    Oxide porous body (1)    Coating layer (2)    Sealing part (3)
NOVELTY - Hot gas containing vapors of liquid hydrocarbon and water are supplied to an upper catalyst layer (100) along with an oxidizing agent initially and reacted at normal temperature. Hot gas formed in the upper catalyst layer is supplied to a lower catalyst layer (110) and the temperature is increased. The supply of hot gas and oxidizing agent is stopped to the upper catalyst layer after a preset temperature and supply is carried out to a lower catalyst layer.    USE - For operating a fuel reformer used as fuel cell power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen-rich reformed gas is formed by water vapor modification and partial oxidation reaction in a short period of time with low CO concentration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel reformer comprising a container comprising the catalyst layers at the upstream and downstream sides. An inlet manifold is provided to the inlet part of the upper catalyst layer (100). Supply switching unit of hot gas and oxidizing agent are arranged. A temperature sensor is arranged at fixed position of the lower catalyst layer (110) and a control unit (32) which controls supply switching of hot gas and oxidizing agent, when the lower catalyst layer reaches preset temperature based on the output signal of the sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic structure of a fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Control unit (32)    Catalyst layers (100, 110)
NOVELTY - Raw material supply pipes for the continuous and unsteady supply of raw material are respectively connected opposing the reforming path which passes along a vaporization part (2), hot spot (3) and catalyst layer (4). At least one part of the path of the reforming unit is formed as a path for unsteady supply. The paths for continuous and unsteady supply are heated besides the time of usage.    USE - As electric power unit for driving electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - A sufficient quantity of hydrogen can be formed with favorable responsiveness depending on the amount of supply of raw material. Output responsiveness of the fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell comprises a reforming unit (1A) which forms hydrogen from raw material and an electricity generation unit (1B) which reacts hydrogen with oxygen and converts to water and electricity. Raw material supply pipes for continuous and unsteady supply of raw material are respectively connected opposing to the reforming path along a vaporization part (2), a hot spot (3) and a catalyst layer (4). At least one part of the path of the reforming unit is formed as a path for unsteady supply. The paths for continuous and unsteady supply are heated besides the time of usage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)    Reformer (1A)    Vaporization part (2)    Hot spot (3)    Catalyst layer (4)    Raw material supply pipe for continuous supply (9a)    Raw material supply pipe for unsteady supply (9b)
NOVELTY - An apparatus (1) for manufacturing fertilizer, comprising an encasement (2) which receives raw material of fertilizer and through-holes (10) formed on a tubular objects on a portion of surface of the encasement, is new.    USE - For manufacturing fertilizer for agricultural products.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is simple and is handled easily. Effective fermentation is carried out in a fixed time inside the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective diagram of a fertilizer manufacturing apparatus.    Apparatus (1)    Encasement (2)    Tubular object (3)    Through-holes (10).
NOVELTY - System for the production of biogas is inserted as a constructional part of a shut down industrial plant for the fermentation of organic materials, is new.    USE - For use in cooling towers, closed reactors, shut-down reactors, for shut down industrial plant around a shut down nuclear installation in particular atomic power plants and reprocessing plants for nuclear fuels, the shut down industrial plant for the chemical industry, particularly the petrochemical industry and coal mines. The process is also useful for gas collection, gas use, energy conversion, energy distribution, residual substance placing and/or to raw material logistics in desulfurization. The system can be used to produce energy.
NOVELTY - Environment protection, particularly the treatment of domestic garbage containing abandoned food and food material. Food and food material in domestic garbage is first separated and then crushed, treated and fermented in special fermenter to produce marsh gas and residue. It is used as feed or fertilizer or further dried and transformed into easy-to-store and-transport powered or granular feed or fertilizer.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a grain-saving fodder, preparation method of biologicals used for making said fodder and its application. The invented biologicals composition is composed of (wt%) saccharifying enzyme 2%-5%, sodium chloride 0.6-2%, caustic soda 0.6-5%, living yeast 0.1-1%, emulsifying agent 1-15%, lactic acid bacteria 1%-5%, catalyst 20-10% and softening agent 2-10%. Its preparation method is as follows: the above-mentioned raw materials are added according to the above proportion, stirred by adding water, and passed through the process of anaerobic fermentation so as to obtain the invented straw type fodder.
NOVELTY - Sanitation of produce including fruits and/or vegetables involves applying at least one bacteriophage to the produce.    USE - The method is used for sanitation of produce including fruits and/or vegetables. The produce comprises at least one of freshly-cut, damaged, diseased, and contaminated produce (claimed). The bacteriophage therapy is preferable for prophylactic treatment where alteration of normal microflora should be minimized.    ADVANTAGE - Bacteriophages are highly specific and effective in lysing targeted pathogenic bacteria; are absolutely specific for prokaryotes, and do not affect humans or animals; and are safe. Phage preparations can rapidly be modified to combat the emergence of newly arising bacterial threats, and phage production is seen to be cost-effective for large-scale applications in a various medical settings. Bacteriophage does not kill non-pathogenic, normal flora bacteria, thus retaining the colonization resistance of reservoirs, e.g. human intestinal tract, nose, and the posterior pharynx. The use of lytic phages eliminates various bacteria capable of causing diseases of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and respiratory tracts; and skin, oral cavity, and bloodstream.
NOVELTY - A bipolar plate comprises foil sheet(s) (31,33) made of electrically conductive material. The sheet has at least two separate flow fields forming two separate flow passages.    USE - For electrochemical cell such as fuel cell or electrolysis cell.    ADVANTAGE - The bipolar plate assembly having high structural integrity, is ductile, light weight, less costly and can be manufactured readily. By forming flow fields in singular metal foils, each flow field acts to maintain uniform compression against cell membrane and electrode surface, thereby maintaining uniform contact across all component faces even as cell components creep over time. The use of metallic foil sheets produce bipolar plate having better thermal conductivity than graphite and therefore better heat rejection or cooling of cell, less porous than graphite and therefore reduced losses due to diffusion, better electrical conductivity than graphite and improved structural integrity thereby enabling use of thinner plates having better electrical and heat conductivity and fewer losses. An inexpensive electrochemical cell is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electrochemical cell stack comprising at least one membrane assembly having anode and cathode disposed on opposite sides of electrolyte membrane, and bipolar plate. One side of bipolar plate is disposed adjacent to anode of membrane assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded cross-sectional view of bipolar plate assembly.    Foil sheets (31,33)    Electrode supports (32)    Non-metallic gaskets (38)    Flow passages (41,43,45)
NOVELTY - Catalysts are simultaneously tested by containing the catalysts in an array of parallel reactors containing a bed of catalyst, simultaneously contacting the catalyst beds at reaction conditions with a reactant to form an effluent of each reactor, and analyzing each effluent. The reactant or an inert fluid is at a space velocity to fluidize the catalyst beds.    USE - For simultaneous testing of catalysts.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides rapid, economical, accurate and consistent simultaneous evaluation of catalysts. Similarly, the temperature of each catalyst bed can be accurately set, measured, and/or controlled providing valid comparisons of catalyst performance among multiple catalysts.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for determining a range of superficial velocities of a fluid stream sufficient to fluidize the catalyst bed by ramping the superficial velocity flowing through the catalyst bed while monitoring the conversion achieved by the catalyst; plotting the superficial velocity versus conversion; and graphically analyzing the plot to define a range of superficial velocities.
NOVELTY - The separator plate (1) has regular projections and two plates are bonded together and disposed between a pair of unit cells (12). Each cell consists of a polymer electrolyte film (9) sandwiched between an anode (10) and a cathode (11). Hydrogen fuel gas flow passages (13) are formed on the sides of the electrodes. Projections (2,3) on the plates form spaces (14) separated from the gas flow passages and are designed for the flow of coolant.    USE - To ensure good contact between plate and electrode, and to minimize internal resistance of the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Produces plates with high dimensional accuracy and precision.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a forming device for forming the plates.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Cross sectional view of the plate    Plate (1)    Projections (2,3)    Polymer film (9)    Anode (10)    Cathode (11)    Cells (12)    Gas passages(14) Coolant passages (13)
NOVELTY - An odor control system, comprises a reservoir inoculated with aerobic microbes, in air communication with an animal house, means for providing oxygenated air to the water bath, means for creating negative pressure over the bath to prevent escape of odor, and means for delivering waste to the bath.    USE - For treating farm animal waste (claimed), such as hog and poultry waste, to remove volatile organic compounds from wastewater treatment pits.    ADVANTAGE - The invention effectively bioremediates a wide range of gases and volatile organic compounds to reduce animal waste effluvia and the amount of solid material in the animal waste pits, at a lower cost. The reduction in the quantity of solid waste material and any change in the nutritional composition of the waste solids reduces the open lagoon space required, and in smaller farms may eliminate the need for lagoons altogether. It is useable in varying geographical regions and in animal farming establishments of varying size and sophistication.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An odor control system using bioremediation, comprises:    (a) a reservoir (14), located beneath and in air communication with an animal house, with a water bath inoculated with aerobic microbes;    (b) means for providing oxygenated air to the water bath;    (c) means for creating negative pressure over the bath, to prevent odorous air escaping the bath; and    (d) means for delivering the waste to the bath.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side overall view of an odor control system.    First piping system (12)    Reservoir (14)    Second piping system (16)    Compressor (20)    Aeration holes (22)    Air suction mechanisms (26)
NOVELTY - Sedimentation in a first chamber (1) is used to separate the effluent into faeces and liquid fractions, then liquid fraction is supplied to a second chamber (2), and then the pH in the first chamber is increased so that ammonia is expelled into the second chamber.    USE - For hygienically recycling toilet or latrine effluent in order to convert it into fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The spread of stomach or intestinal bacteria or viruses via the effluent is prevented and effective separation is carried out, yielding a fraction rich in nutrient salts such as calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, and a nitrogen-rich fraction containing e.g. urea, ammonia and nitrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for recycling effluent from a toilet comprises supplying the effluent to a device with two chambers linked via a sealable connection (3), in order to separate the effluent into two fractions. Sedimentation in a first closed chamber is used to separate a first fraction containing faeces and a second fraction containing surplus liquid, then the second fraction is supplied to a second chamber, and then the pH in the first chamber is increased to a pH of 12 or more as it is filled with faeces and the connection between the two chambers is sealed so that ammonia liberated due to the pH increase is forced over into the second chamber.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the recycling device used to carry out this method, comprising a tank that contains the two chambers and the connection between them.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1a shows the recycling device with the tank full and the chamber empty.    Tank chambers (1, 2)    Sealable connecting pipe (3)    Partition wall (4)    Flow of ammonia originating from urine (5)    Filter (6)    Flow of pumped faecal sludge (7)
NOVELTY - The processing system (1) uses microorganisms to decompose organic waste in water. The amount of dissolved oxygen is adjusted depending on activity of microorganism.    USE - For decomposing organic waste or refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The total amount of dissolved oxygen is reduced without influencing the activity of microorganism. The running cost of the processing system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire block diagram of decomposable organic waste processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Processing system (1)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus comprises garbage disposal chamber (10) accommodating a microbial bed (3) carrying microorganism (2). Storing blade (4) arranged inside the chamber stores the organic refuse (1) in the chamber and is made to react with microorganism so that degradation of moisture content and volatile component occurs. A vent is provided on trunk of chamber (10), through which air is passed to microbial bed.    USE - The organic refuse processing apparatus is useful for processing domestic organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Dioxin generation which occurs during incineration disposal of organic refuse is restrained as incineration is not carried out. The air supplied accelerates decomposition of moisture content and volatile components and prevents jumping of microbial from microbial bed. The processing is efficiently carried out at low temperature and obnoxious odor or noise is not generated while processing the organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic cross section of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse (1)    Microorganism (2)    Microbial bed (3)    Storing blade (4)    Garbage disposal chamber (10)
NOVELTY - Manufacturing compost, by mixing a suitable amount of organic substance to be treated with a base material used as moisture content adjustment material and accumulating the resulting mixture in the shape of cone of height 20-40 cm or in the shape of a pyramid having height of 20-40 cm and distance between two bottom edges of 1-2 m, is new.    USE - For manufacturing compost from organic substance.    ADVANTAGE - Organic substance is composted quickly without carrying out the turn over operation. Handling and storage of the compost is easy, as the size of the compost is made small, and is accumulated on a pallet.
NOVELTY - The method involves performing heat drying of biologically treated sludge, followed by heat treating.    USE - For maturation compost type material.    ADVANTAGE - A stable maturation compost type material is manufactured efficiently and economically, at short period of time and at low process temperature. Moisture content of the compost is reduced. Handling property of the compost type material is enhanced. Bad smell of the product is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing apparatus for maturation compost type material. The apparatus consists of a heating container (1) into which biologically treated sludge is introduced and heat treated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the manufacturing apparatus of the maturation compost type material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heating container (1)
NOVELTY - A fermentation promotion apparatus for decomposing waste material, organic refuse and sludge, is equipped with a mixer, a stirrer and a screw conveyor fixed at the lower part of stirrer. The mixer mixes waste material with chaff and saw dust, and the stirrer stirs mixed feed. The apparatus performs deodorization, promotes fermentation, and forms compost and fertilizer, in a short period.    USE - For decomposing waste material, organic refuse and sludge from foodstuff industry.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus efficiently deodorizes and decomposes waste material, and forms compost and fertilizer within short period (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Also claimed are manufacturing method of fertilizer and system for manufacturing fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing fertilizer from wastes, comprising adding sulfuric acid to waste to form a mixture, adding calcined lime to the mixture, powdering and subsequently releasing organic gas from the powder, is new.    USE - As fertilizer obtained by treating organic waste such as feces of cattle, pig, human and droppings of hen, for improving soil fertility.    ADVANTAGE - The batch process is simple, requires minimal machinery and effectively removes odor of waste in short period. The fertilizer effectively uses wastes, prevents concentration and transport of raw waste from towns. The addition of lime to the organic fertilizer effectively neutralizes the acidity of soil and the ammonium sulfate contained in the fertilizer effectively improves the fertility of soil.
NOVELTY - Colored fermentation waste water is added with activated clay and fermented to obtain an organic fertilizer.    USE - For manufacture of organic fertilizer from colored fermentation waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The color of fermentation waste water is effectively absorbed by activated clay, thereby reducing environmental pollution. The method is inexpensive and simple, compared to conventional method which uses complicated devices and deleterious substances sulfuric acid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic fertilizer obtained by using the method.
NOVELTY - Synthetic gas manufacturing device comprises a housing with inlet for water supply, and outlet for synthetic gas emission, an arc reaction chamber (ARC) (76) filled with carbon containing material, a rod shaped arc electrode (AE) contained in ARC and supported by holder, an electrical supply unit to supply electric power to AE, in order to generate arc in ARC, and an injection unit to supply water to AE.    USE - As fuel for motor vehicles or generator, and as a raw material for synthesis of methanol and methane.    ADVANTAGE - The synthetic gas is mass produced economically by using cheap raw material such as water, and carbon containing material. The synthetic gas is largely utilized as sources of energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Synthetic gas manufacturing device comprises a housing with inlet (32) for water supply, and outlet (34) for synthetic gas emission, an arc reaction chamber (ARC) filled with carbon containing material and connected to inlet and outlet of housing, a rod shaped arc electrode (48) contained in ARC and supported by holder (22) provided in housing unit, an electrical supply unit to supply electrical power to arc electrode, in order to generate arc in ARC, and an injection unit (24) to supply water to arc electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of synthetic gas manufacturing device.    Front cover (12)    Electrode holder (22)    Neutral electrode (23)    Injection unit (24)    Inlet (32)    Outlet (34)    Cooling lines (38,40)    Arc electrode (48)    Flow rate adjustment unit (66)    Arc reaction chamber (76)    Rapid cooling chamber (82,88)
NOVELTY - The apparatus consists of a housing (16) provided with an inlet (32) for introducing water, an outlet (34) for ejecting the formed synthetic gas, electrodes A and B (26,48), and cooling units (38,40) for cooling electrodes. An arc reaction chamber (76) formed between electrodes, is filled with granular carbon-containing material (78). The inlet and cooling units are connected to the arc reaction chamber.    USE - For forming synthetic gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide used as fuel for motor vehicle and generator, and as raw material for synthesis of methane and methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The synthetic gas containing water and carbon monoxide is obtained in high yield using inexpensive raw material such as water and carbon-containing material. Large industrial value is secured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus consists of housing provided with inlet for introducing water, outlet for ejecting the formed synthetic gas, electrodes A and B, and cooling units for cooling electrodes. Arc reaction chamber formed between electrodes is filled with granular carbon-containing material. The inlet for introducing water and cooling units are connected to the arc reaction chamber. Arc is made to generate in chamber by supplying electricity between electrodes using electric supply unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of synthesis gas formation apparatus.    Front cover (12)    Housing (16)    Holder (22)    Injector ring (24)    Anode (26)    Inlet (32)    Outlet (34)    Cooling units (38,40)    Cathode (48)    Steam generation unit (50)    Arc reaction chamber (76)    Granular carbon-containing material (78)    Rapid cooling chamber (88)
NOVELTY - Waste water treatment method involves contacting microorganism to waste water containing selenic acid, anaerobically in presence of yeast extract.    USE - For treating waste water containing selenic acid, such as waste water from refining industry, chemical industry, glass industry, coal, and petroleum combustion exhaust gas process.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently reduces highly concentrated selenic acid and nitrate in waste water. Thereby, inhibition of bioreaction of microorganisms by selenic acid is efficiently prevented.
NOVELTY - The catalyst which decomposes nitrogen oxide in the presence of methane and oxygen atmosphere, during waste gas purification, contains platinum or ruthenium, as active metal, fixed on a zirconium sulfate support.    USE - For purifying waste gas containing nitrogen oxide.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst effectively purifies waste gas for a long period, thereby prevents environmental contamination. The catalyst maintains high conversion ratio of methane, thereby lowers residual methane concentration in process gas. The activity of catalyst is stable for long time, due to presence of methane reducer. The catalytic activity of catalyst is maintained even sulfur oxide coexist in the process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste gas purification method.
NOVELTY - Solid fuel waste material is thermolyzed in a carbonization furnace and temperature increase rate of the furnace is set to less than a fixed value during carbonization to form carbide. Acid treatment of carbide is carried out followed by performing gas activation to manufacture activated carbon from waste material.    USE - For manufacturing activated carbon from solid fuel waste material such as inflammable refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Effective activated carbon with dioxin absorption removal property is manufactured from the solid fuel waste material with reduced ash formation. As the carbonization furnace is an indirect-type heating furnace, temperature control is made easier and volatilization of carbon from carbide is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of activated carbon production. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbonization furnace (4)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen-rich reformed gas is formed in a modification catalyst layer, by the combined use of predefined reactions (I,II). The ratio of raw material heating gas which is modified by reaction (I), to raw material heating gas which is modified by reactions (I,II) is defined as the rate of partial oxidation which, when initiating fuel modifier, is higher than the rate of partial oxidation during regular operation.    USE - For initiating fuel modifier.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel modifier can be initiated within a short time. The quick temperature rise of catalyst layer, at the time of initiation, is made possible.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A raw material heating gas which vaporizes a mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and liquid water, such as methane, methanol, ethanol and gasoline, flows into a modification catalyst layer with an oxidizing agent gas. A hydrogen-rich reformed gas is formed by the combined use of a water vapor modification reaction and a partial oxidation modification reaction. The ratio of raw material heating gas which is modified by partial oxidation modification reaction to raw material heating gas which is modified by the above two modification reactions is defined as the rate of partial oxidation. The rate of partial oxidation at the time of initiating the fuel modifier, is higher than the rate of partial oxidation at the time of regular operation.
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer has a modification reaction unit (2) to modify fuel, an evaporation unit to evaporate water from the modified fuel, a carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation unit (3) to oxidize CO contained in the modified gas to carbon dioxide and a heat supplying unit for the modification reaction unit and evaporation unit. The reformer has a catalyst for modification (57) arranged in the upstream side and an air-tight divided container.    USE - For reforming fuels such as natural gas or alcohols.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel modifier excels in safety, has improved temperature control in each separation unit and reduced number of components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel reformer has a modification reaction unit to modify fuel, an evaporation unit to evaporate water from the modified fuel, a carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation unit to oxidize CO contained in the modified gas to carbon dioxide and a heat supplying unit for the modification reaction unit and evaporation unit. The reformer has a catalyst for modification arranged in the upstream of the reactor and a flat air-tight divided container. The catalyst for CO oxidation (60) is arranged in the downstream side along the flow direction of the modified fuel. The evaporation unit is arranged on the same flat surface of the container. Fuel (1) comprising alcohol, ether or hydrocarbon group fuel and fuel (2) containing hydrogen gas as main flammable component is modified by circulating burnt combustion gas. The combustion gas passes at least along one main surface of the air-tight container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the air tight containers. (drawing includes non-English language text)    Air tight container (1,4)    Catalyst for combustion (16b)    Fuel supply port (20a,20b)    Plate fin type heat exchanger (37)    Heat insulating material (38)    Catalyst for modification (57)    Catalyst for carbon monoxide oxidation (60)
NOVELTY - A catalyst for combustion (30) is provided in an inner combustion chamber (6) and a modification catalyst (35) is provided in a modification portion (5), between the inner and outer combustion chambers (6,7). Modification raw material piping (21) and fuel piping (15) are arranged inside heat exchanger chambers (4,3). Hot reformed gas or hot combustion gas ejected from the modification portion is supplied to a heat exchanger.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen used in the heating gas of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - As the modification raw material and the fuel is preheated, the modification reaction is advanced efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifier has a vacuum vessel which receives the combustion gas heat exchange chamber. A carbon monoxide removal catalyst is provided inside the reformed gas heat exchange chamber. The hydrogen and carbon dioxide are formed as reformed gas using methanol and water as modification raw material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the methanol modifier.    Heat exchange chambers (3,4)    Modification portion (5)    Combustion chambers (6,7)    Fuel piping (15)    Raw material piping (21)    Catalyst for combustion (30)    Modification catalyst (35)
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (3) comprises catalyst layers (31,32) containing copper-zinc group catalysts and the catalyst layer (31) includes 0.02-5% noble metals. The catalyst layers are arranged in a container (33) to which methanol is introduced and heating is carried out. Fuel is reformed by water vapor modification reaction and a gas of high hydrogen concentration is obtained.    USE - For fuel cell power generator of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer is compact, inexpensive and enables the formation of reformed gas of appropriate composition with low CO concentration. Modification reaction advances quickly when the temperature of catalyst is low.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel reformer (3)    Catalyst layers (31,32)    Container (33)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas containing carbon monoxide (CO) is contacted with mixed gas containing oxygen in the presence of a CO selective oxidation catalyst which carries ruthenium (Ru) on a support containing cerium (Ce).    USE - For the selective removal of carbon monoxide from hydrogen gas obtained by modifying methanol supplied to the fuel electrode of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improvement in air pollution prevention effect is obtained. Selective oxidation of CO is carried out efficiently within a predetermined temperature range. Side reactions such as methanation are prevented.
NOVELTY - A support for a methanol modification catalyst or a carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation removal catalyst has a porous skin layer on a metal support.    USE - As carriers for a methanol modification catalyst or a CO oxidation removal catalyst.    ADVANTAGE - Since both the catalysts are carried by a single support the manufacturing cost of the catalyst is reduced and miniaturization of the catalyst structure can be attained. The catalyst support comprises zirconia and silica which are homogeneously distributed in the skin layer. The zirconia component increases the catalytic activity of the catalyst in both high and low temperature ranges. Also, it does not produce any adverse effects on the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of a catalyst.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell reformer comprises at least three reactors such as modifier (13), transformer(s) (14,15) and selective oxidator (16). The reactors are covered individually with a heat insulating material (9) and the unit as a whole is covered by a second heat insulating material (29).    USE - For use in fuel cells utilized as source of electric power in power plants, installed in hospitals, schools and buildings.    ADVANTAGE - The heat insulating materials effectively prevent heat loss from reactors. The space between the two insulating materials can be effectively used for installation of various apparatus such as waste heat recovery unit and for water storage tank. The exhaust heat between the insulating materials can be effectively recovered by a heat recovery exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial block diagram of a fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Inner heat insulating material (9)    Modifier (13)    Transformers (14,15)    Selective oxidation unit (16)    Outer heat insulating material (29)
NOVELTY - Biological treatment of polluting or odoriferous gases produced by a plant treating waste water containing grease, sulfur compounds, fatty acid derivatives and ammonia compounds comprises collecting the gas in containers at below atmospheric pressure and delivering to a reactor where it contacts a circulating liquor having a high concentration of activated sludge. The contact zone is aerated to maintain aerobic conditions. Greasy material is introduced into the zone. The mixture of gas, liquor and greasy material passes to an aerobic reaction zone of the reactor where the grease and gas are transformed.    USE - Odor control in waste water treatment plant.    ADVANTAGE - The gas is treated within the waste water treatment process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for performing the above includes the reactor with an impermeable skirt delimiting the contact zone, a mixer, an impermeable wall and an air injector maintaining aerobic conditions.    Preferred Features: A system of sealing flaps enable foam produced in the contact zone to pass into the reaction zone. The grease -gas mixture depends upon the amount of greasy material to be treated. The circulation of the liquor depends upon the reactor volume and the amount of gas to be treated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a waste water treatment plant    Reactor (1)    Mixer (2)    Impermeable skirt (3)    Air compressor (4)    Channel (5,5')    Containers (6)    Pump (7)    Bubble forming devices (8)    Discharge bed (10)    Watertight flap (11)    Wall (12)    Contact zone (Z1)    Reaction zone (Z2)
NOVELTY - A ketone is added to the blowing agent and/or the melt as solubilizer for the water component of alternative blowing agents used in a process for the production of plastic foam from plastic material consisting of at least 50 wt.% polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polymethyl methacrylate or polyethylene terephthalate.    USE - For the production of extruded plastic foam, especially e.g. polystyrene or polyolefin foam sheet.    ADVANTAGE - The use of a ketone as solubilizer enables the amount of water in the blowing agent or the plastic to be increased and simplifies the use of alternative (non-CFC) blowing agents for the production of thick foam sheet with a fine, uniform cell structure.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has at least two electrodes (2'), each with at least one gas feed (8) for a reaction gas and a liquid electrolyte (6). The gas feeds of the electrodes each have an inlet and are arranged perpendicularly to the direction of travel of the ions under load traveling through the electrode arrangement. The cell is an undivided fuel cell and the gas feeds have at least one outlet each.    USE - Especially an undivided fuel cell with electrodes filled with electrolyte.    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional fuel cells, e.g. difficulties with heat management.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell    electrodes (2')    gas feeds (8)    liquid electrolyte (6)    gas supply (7)
NOVELTY - A sewage pre-treatment is introduced into a pipeline infrastructure of a sewage treatment system by introducing a biological activity enhancing agent to convert the untreated sewage from an untreated state to a pre-treated state.    USE - In municipal sewage treatment systems.    ADVANTAGE - The invention increases the capacity of the sewage treatment facility without major capital investment and attains higher biological efficiencies.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Introduction of sewage pre-treatment in a pipeline infrastructure upstream of a sewage treatment facility of a sewage treatment system, involves:    (a) selecting a site (20) in the pipeline infrastructure between a source of untreated sewage and the sewage treatment facility;    (b) providing a source (34) of biological activity enhancing agent at the selected site; and    (c) introducing the agent into a flow of untreated sewage (S) at the selected site so as to convert the sewage from an untreated state to a pre-treated state.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an arrangement for introducing sewage pre-treatment in a pipeline infrastructure upstream of a sewage treatment facility of a sewage treatment system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagrammatic view of a sewage pre-treatment arrangement incorporated in the sewage treatment system.    Site (20)    Agent source (34)    Untreated sewage (S)
NOVELTY - A low-temperature fuel cell assembly has sweeping gas circuit for fuel gas. The sweeping gas circuit is connected to the inlet and outlet of the anode, and is provided with a sweeping gas discharge. A receiving section is connected to the sweeping gas circuit via a semi-permeable wall. Mechanism device is arranged in the sweeping gas circuit and comprises a chemical reactor.    USE - As low-temperature fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention removes small amount of sweeping gas during operation of the fuel cell, thus preventing accumulation of undesired gases. It does need separate supply of sweeping gas, thus it can be of simpler construction. The result of which is a decrease in operating cost, and increase in efficiency of the assembly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A low-temperature fuel cell assembly comprises a fuel cell (1) with sweeping gas circuit (2) for fuel gas. The sweeping gas circuit is connected to the inlet (6) and outlet (7) of the anode. It is provided with a sweeping gas discharge. A receiving section (4) is provided for fuel that is connected to the sweeping gas circuit via a semi-permeable wall (5). Mechanism device is arranged in the sweeping gas circuit for producing sweeping gas. It comprises chemical reactor having an inlet for one component. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating a low-temperature fuel cell assembly by accommodating the anode and the mechanism for introducing a fuel gas; and introducing the fuel gas, which has been physically separated, to the sweeping gas circuit; and such that the sweeping gas is produced by a chemical reaction and is discharged during the operation of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram of a low-temperature fuel cell assembly.    Fuel cell (1)    Sweeping gas circuit (2)    Receiving section (4)    Semi-permeable wall (5)    Inlet (6)    Outlet (7)    Burner (9)    Air feed (8)
NOVELTY - A plasma reactor comprises a first dielectric (705) having a capillary, and a segmented electrode having electrode segments (700). Each segment is disposed proximate an associated capillary (710).    USE - For destroying pollutants in a fluid, generating ozone, pre-treating air for modifying or improving combustion, destroying organic compounds, or surface cleaning of objects.    ADVANTAGE - The device promotes chemical reaction and do not heat up the bulk gases. It is more energy efficient, and does not require a carrier gas to remain stable at atmospheric pressure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for treating a fluid in a plasma reactor by passing the fluid through an electrode segment(s) and capillary, and exposing in the capillary the fluid to the plasma discharge prior to exiting from the capillary.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of the solid pin electrode segment.    Electrode segments (700)    First dielectric (705)    Capillary (710)
NOVELTY - A water purificant comprises a mixed solution that includes bittern, and acids and/or salts. The bittern concentration is 1 ppm-100 wt.%, and is made from deep marine water that exists at more than 200 meters below the sea level.    USE - For the uses of aquaculture, aquaculture, horticulture, floriculture, and wastewater treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The invention increases the diversity of microorganisms in water and soils, and activates microorganisms, plants, animals, and fishes.
NOVELTY - Method of entomopathogenic nematode biomass preparation involves the use of artificial nutrient medium that is applied on solid inert carrier. Nutrient medium consists of the following componentsm (%): soybean flour, 16; vegetable oil, 5; beer yeast, 1; water, 50; porolon crumbles, 8. Inoculation of pure culture of symbiotic bacteria and monoxenous culture of nematode to nutrient medium is carried simultaneously and with additional addition of dibazol (2- benzylbenzimidazole) as an adaptogen taken in concentration 1 x 10-9 g/ml of artificial nutrient medium. Tanks with nutrient medium are incubated at 20-28 C for 20-30 days and nematode culture is isolated by its washing out from porolon crumbles. The yield of nematode biomass is 920 000 of invasion larvae from 1 g of nutrient medium. Index of entomopathogenic activity of nematodes LD50 = 22.0 +/- 2.7. Addition of dibazol to nutrient medium promotes to increase organisms resistance to unfavorable culturing conditions at combined inoculation.    USE - Microbiological industry, helminthology.    ADVANTAGE - Improved method of nematode biomass preparing, increased yield. 2 tbl, 1 ex
NOVELTY - Provided are an apparatus and process for disposing waste food, which operates a whole system for 24hrs, and increases treatment efficiency and can save water by recovering partial liquid. The decomposition is completed in a hydrolysis chamber and a fermentation chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises the steps of: i) hydrolyzing the waste food thrown with water in the hydrolysis chamber; ii) fermenting the decomposed solution treated in the hydrolysis chamber, in the fermentation chamber; and then iii) decomposing the fermented solution in an organic matter-decomposing chamber(M) using a microbe. The apparatus contains i) a hydrolysis chamber(P) that is installed a stirring wing(4) at the inside(3); ii) a fermentation chamber(T) that is connected with the hydrolysis chamber(P) by an inlet pipe(13) and is installed a stirring wing(15) at the inside(12); and then iii) an organic matter-decomposing chamber(M) that is connected with the fermentation chamber(T) by an inlet pipe(25) that is connected with a nozzle(24) installed at the center of the inside, and is installed a stirring wing(23) at the inside(22).
NOVELTY - Provided is a process for preparing food compost, which is done natural ripening by using mixture of food garbage and a fully ripened fermentation and bad small is removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process contains; i) forming a base compost layer(2) by laminating the fully ripened fermentation on the bottom of a covered container(1) to a thickness of 5cm or more; ii) forming a waste food layer(3) by dispersing to laminate evenly the waste food on the base compost layer(2); iii) laminating the fully ripened compost(4) on the food garbage layer(3) with the same amount, continuously laminating repeatedly the waste food layer(3) and the fully ripened compost(4) by turns and fermenting it.
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing machine has treatment tank (2) provided with discharge port (5) and overflow opening (23) respectively in the lower and upper portions. Contents collected on the tank wall (8) in predetermined amount are eliminated from the overflow opening. The port is opened by pulling an emission shutter (12).    USE - For processing organic refuse from especially domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse processing machine serves as a batch type and a continuous system, thereby the fermentation product is taken out continuously from the machine. The garbage is fermented effectively using microorganism. The presence of closed position confirmation switch eliminates the need for a manual switch.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial cross-sectional side view of the organic refuse processing machine.    Treatment tank (2)    Discharge port (5)    Tank wall (8)    Emission shutter (12)    Overflow opening (23)
NOVELTY - The scraper (30) is pushed and abutted to the elimination shutter (12) by the spring (33), so as to regulate the collection of fermented product from the tank (2) when opening the shutter.    USE - For fermenting garbage coming out of domestic kitchen, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The content does not spill out when the elimination shutter is opened, as the scraper abuts the shutter by the spring. The discharge of the fermented product is regulated, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The bottom portion of the treatment tank is tubular. The side wall (31) protrudes from the treatment tank outside the scraper. The elimination tray (3) provided underneath the discharge port (5) secures the fermented product. The fermented product overflows through the opening when the product in the tank exceeds the predetermined rate. The discharge plate (24) leads the overflown product to the elimination tray.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial cross-sectional side view of organic refuse process machine.    Tank (2)    Elimination tray (3)    Discharge port (5)    Elimination shutter (12)    Scraper (30)    Side wall (31)    Spring (33)
NOVELTY - Organic waste slurry (3) comprising organic refuse (1) is subjected to anaerobic digestive process by a digester (14), and methane is recovered, in order to obtain a compost.    USE - For processing organic refuse like garbage, sewage sludge and livestock waste.    ADVANTAGE - The ignition loss component proportion is kept comparatively high and auto-fermentation during composting is enabled. Abundant compost is obtained with high safety. The compost is sterilized and has low moisture content. Microplastic pieces are degraded and removed. Surplus methane is recovered which is used for electricity generation or for domestic uses.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow sheet of the organic refuse processing. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Refuse (1)    Organic waste slurry (3)    Digester (14)    Digestive process slurry (21)    Dehydrator (37)
NOVELTY - Waste treatment equipment comprises a processing container (10) for containing waste material and microorganisms, and a stirrer (12) attached to internal circumference surface of container (10). The container is rotated along a predetermined axial center as rotational central line (10b). The stirrer stirs by raising and dropping the mixture of microorganisms and waste material.    USE - For faeces and urine using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The waste material and microorganisms are mixed efficiently. Air is mixed into the mixture efficiently, thereby accelerating the role of microorganisms. The waste material is treated more effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the base treatment equipment.    Processing container (10)    Rotational central line (10b)    Stirrer (12)
NOVELTY - Stirrer for mixing organic refuse and microbial bed such as saw dust comprising protrusion pieces, is new.    USE - For mixing organic refuse and microbial bed such as saw dust, in order to perform fermentation and decomposition of refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The provision of protrusion pieces enables crushing of organic refuse inside container.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Container (2) is attached via springs (3) to support the stand (4). The base of the container consists of multiple semicircular arc shaped sections extending along radial direction. Protrusion pieces (11) are provided to base of container. Vibration generator (5) vibrates the container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows section of stirrer.    Container (2)    Spring (3)    Support stand (4)    Vibration generator (5)    Protrusion pieces (11)
NOVELTY - The organic waste gas containing odorous component is decomposed by microorganism in a fermentation portion (22) in presence of persimmon fruit juice.    USE - For organic waste gas processing.    ADVANTAGE - Aerobic fermentation of waste gas is effectively performed. Offensive smell of waste gas is reduced, by microorganism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for deodorizer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of deodorizer.    Fermentation portion (22)
NOVELTY - The organic substance processing apparatus has a treatment tank (1) which contains carrier of microorganism to decompose the organic substance such as organic refuse by stirring the mixture with the blade (6). The sensor (15) to detect the moisture content in the tank, is provided at the outside bottom of the tank.    USE - For processing organic substances such as organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Detects the moisture content in the tank without providing sensor inside the tank but providing outside the tank in exposed position and hence prevents damage of sensor and enables accurate detection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of organic substance processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Blade (6)    Sensor (15)
NOVELTY - Production of a compost comprises storing a mixture of nitrogenous effluent and carbonaceous materials and a support in the absence of air.    USE - For producing compost from pig manure and wood chippings (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The storage time is shorter and there is less odor than in the prior art.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the obtained compost.
NOVELTY - A container comprising an upper chamber, a lower chamber, and a planar divider wall dividing the chambers, where the divider wall is movable to permit a decomposing material to fall from the upper chamber to the lower chamber, is new.    USE - The invention is used for composting a material, e.g., waste vegetable, to produce an end-product suitable for incorporation with the soil or for surface application to the soil as a mulch in which plants are to be grown.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows easy removal of fully decomposed material without contaminating the fully decomposed material with fresher partially decomposed material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for composting a material using the container, comprising retaining a first material to be composted in the upper chamber, permitting the first material to fall into the lower chamber, retaining a second material to be composted in the upper chamber until the first material has been removed from the lower chamber, and permitting the second material to fall into the lower chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view of the container.    Planar divider wall (15)    Upper chamber (17)    Lower chamber (18)
NOVELTY - A solvent sucking process for separating hydrocarbon mixture features that a solvent is chosen and the methane and the component which has a solubility in said solvent lower than that of C2 and a weight higher than that of C2 but lower than that of methane are separated from each other by sucking and releasing. Its advantages are less investment and high safety.
NOVELTY - Provided is a manufacturing method of good quality of compost using saw dust as a main material by lowering C/N ratio greatly, resulting from treating saw dust with ammonia water or gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The manufacturing method comprises the steps of:    (i) collecting saw dust;    (ii) supplying ammonia gas or ammonia water in a reaction vessel keeping saw dust at 60-80;    (iii) spraying water to contain 50-70% of water;    (iv) sealing and standing 0.5-2 month; and    (v) adding soil microbes and/or waste shells, then decomposing for 1-4 month.    The manufactured compost has no smell due to complete fermentation, and brown or dark brown color.
NOVELTY - The subject fuel prepared by mixing animal manure, agricultural side products, waste wood, waste vinyl or the like and molding system for producing the same are provided, which can be used as an alternative energy source for heating in stock raising houses and generate no harmful gas such as bad smell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Dry animal manure having a moisture content of less than 80%, agricultural side products with a size of 0.5 to 5mm, waste vinyl or the like are mixed, dried at a dryer and molded to give animal manure fuel exhibiting a calorific value of more than 4,000 kcal/kg. The produced fuel can be as heating fuel for vinyl house and animal house.
NOVELTY - A method for treating organic waste such as food waste or dung and an apparatus thereof are provided, to prevent the pollution due to the leakage of leachate and to recycle methane gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of pulverizing organic waste; injecting the pulverized organic waste into an organic waste store tank; injecting another dunk which is mixed with the organic waste, into a dunk store tank; injecting the mixture into an organic acid generation bath(10) to generate organic acids; injecting the mixture into a heating tank to sterilizing it; injecting the mixture into a bioreactor to carry out methanation; storing the methane gas produced by the methanation into a methane gas store tank; delivering the treated organic waste from the bioreactor to a precipitation bath and injecting complex microorganisms into the bath to remove the odor; supplying the methane gas for an apparatus which uses methane gas as a power source; and using the treated organic waste as a fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Organic substance compost apparatus (1) has a cyclone type dust collector (5) provided in the middle of the waste gas route (4) through which waste gas is sent from the fermenter (2) to deodorizer (3).    USE - Organic substance compost apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The deodorant function is remarkably improved by releasing waste gas in the atmosphere after performing dehydration, deodorizing, dust collection and heat exchange. Running cost of the deodorizer is reduced by simultaneously unloading the deodorizer. The dehydration dewing formation is accelerated by heat exchange and the efficiency of deodorizing is increased. Since the apparatus is vacuumed, the outer air penetration is prevented and water seal function is ensured. The necessity of float needle valve is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A heat exchanger (6) is provided along the periphery of the dust collector. Vacuum dust collector (7) which sucks the moisture content is provided in the lower end of the dust collector. Air supplied to the fermenter or water is used as heat exchange medium of the cyclone type dust collector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of organic substance compost apparatus.    Organic substance compost apparatus (1)    Fermenter (2)    Deodorizer (3)    Waste gas route (4)    Cyclone type dust collector (5)    Heat exchanger (6)    Vacuum dust collector (7)
NOVELTY - The electro-chemical catalyst comprises a mixture containing catalyst (A), catalyst (B) (2) and a solid electrolyte having ionic conductivity, coated on surface of a metal honey-comb structure (7). Catalyst A contains nitrogen oxide (NOx) absorber (1) and NOx reducer, catalyst (B) (2) contains hydrocarbon (HC) adsorbent and HC oxidizing catalyst.    USE - For purifying waste gas ejected from internal combustion engine of motor vehicles and diesel vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Oxidation and reduction reactions are simultaneously performed by using the same catalyst. Hydrocarbon present in gas is adsorbed on adsorbent present in catalyst and nitrogen oxide is reduced effectively, regardless of atmosphere (lean or rich atmosphere).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of an electro-chemical catalyst. (The drawing includes non-English text).    Nitrogen oxide (1)    Catalyst (B) (2)    Metal honey-comb structure (7)
NOVELTY - Cleaving organic carbon-nitrogen bonds by contacting a nitrogen-containing organic carbonaceous material with a microorganism in a growth medium under metabolic conditions, is new. The microorganism is, e.g. Pseudomonas ayucida strain ATCC PTA-806, Aneurinibacillus sp., Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas nitroreducens, Yokenella sp..    USE - For cleavage of organic C-N bonds.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism used in the inventive method is capable of selective cleavage of organic C-N bonds while leaving C-C bonds intact. The inventive method results to nitrogen-containing organic carbonaceous materials with reduced nitrogen content.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cleaving organic carbon-nitrogen bonds by contacting a nitrogen-containing organic carbonaceous material with a microorganism in a growth medium under metabolic conditions, is new. The microorganism is, e.g. Pseudomonas ayucida strain ATCC PTA-806, Aneurinibacillus sp., Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas nitroreducens, Yokenella sp.. The growth medium comprises mineral nutrients and an assimilable source of carbon in the absence of a nitrogen-containing compound, except the organic carbonaceous material, and in the presence of oxygen. The carbonaceous material is crude oil, petroleum distillate, hydrocarbon-based liquid, slurry or emulsion fuel and/or feedstock, coal, or pure or mixed organonitrogen chemical.
NOVELTY - A multi-stage unit for selective catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) in a stream of hydrogen (H2)-rich gas mixture, in which each stage has CO oxidation zone(s), can be cooled and can be supplied with oxidant on the inlet side, has not less than 3 cooled CO oxidation stages. The first two have a common cooling cycle; and the third has an independent cooler and is a combination reactor, in which the cooler is used for reforming a H2-rich medium.    USE - The unit is especially useful for removing CO from H2-rich reformate from a mobile gas generator in fuel cell-operated vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The unit allows optimum utilization of the thermal energy in the system, e.g. in the vaporizer and/or reformer, and is suitable for dynamic installation. The individual stages are very compact and hence can be installed cost-effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a preferred 4-stage gas purification system.    First stage (1)    Second stage (2)    Third stage (3)    Fourth stage (4)    CO oxidation units (1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1)    Coolers (1.2, 2.2, 3.2)    Oxidant dosing units (1.3, 2.3, 3.3, 4.3)    Heat exchanger (5)    Pipe feeding reformate from reformer (6)    Common cooling cycle for stages 1 and 2 (12, 2.2, 13, 1.2, 14)
NOVELTY - The shaker screen for a pushcart for compost production allows the compost being produced to be directly loaded into the pushcart.    USE - For production and transport of compost.    ADVANTAGE - Additional operations between producing and transporting compost are eliminated. Unwanted constituents of the original material can be transferred into a container by appropriate inclination of the shaker screen.
NOVELTY - Method for determining the silaging capacity of a material (A) by dissolving soluble carbohydrates (I) from a sample of (A), adding fermentative microorganisms to the solution of (I), and measuring the pH value after a predetermined fermentation time.    USE - The method, which measures the capacity of (I) to generate acid, is used to determine if any (and how much) additional (I) needs to be added to the material to ensure production of enough acid for proper preservation of the silage.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides a quick and reasonably accurate value for the (I) content and is suitable for use on the farm (contrast the known anthrone method which is performed in a laboratory).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a kit for performing the process comprising device for comminuting the sample, reaction vessel and fermentation unit.
NOVELTY - Composting reactor in which the process is controlled by microprocessors, sensors and specially developed eco-technology control and measurement electronics. It is supplied with comminuted material that has already, during comminution, been adjusted to optimal moisture content (about 30%), using an absorption or moisturizing unit controlled by a personal computer (PC).    USE - The reactor is suitable for composting domestic, commercial, horticultural and agricultural wastes, producing a material suitable as humus (plant-growth medium) or organic fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor has optimized activity; is easy and safe to operate, without release of odors; is inexpensive and compact, and can be autonomous (or connected to an electricity supply). It can rot all domestic/biodegradable wastes, eliminating the need for intermediate storage, and compost is produced in 2-3 weeks, with reduction in the material to 10-20% of its initial volume. Pathogenic microorganisms and weed seeds are killed and the resulting compost is odorless, storage stable and hygienic.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Section through the composter.    Feed port (2)    Comminuter (3)    Air distributor (4)    Compost store (5)    Rotting material (6)    Sensor (8)    Optional press (11)
NOVELTY - An improved garbage compost treating system consists of hot water boiler, pipeline, pump and valve. The hot water boiler is connected to fermenting tank via pump, valve, pipeline, hot water hood and hot wind hood, and to rotating shaft in the center of fermenting tank via valve and pipeline. The fermenting tank has outside blower, two rotating shafts driven by engine inside the fermenting tank. The rotating shafts are connected to hot water hood and the boiler via a pipeline. Compared with available technology, the present invention has reduced cost and raised temperature stability.
NOVELTY - Producing compound granular organic fertilizer comprises crushing straw and stalk of crops, add to excrement and human, animal and fowls urine, in fermentation pit to obtain dregs and liquid, mixing the straw and stalk with the liquid and dregs, stacking them up for natural fermentation, stirring at 50-60 degreesC, mixing with urea, potassium chloride and calcium superphosphate and squeeze shaping.    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages are simple process, low cost and quick taking its effect.
NOVELTY - An annular after reactor (AAR) (26), which is aligned axially with the exhaust flow from an exhaust port (15) of a jet engine (12), includes first and second sets of spoke-like injectors (40, 42) for injecting natural gas and ammonia, respectively, to the exhaust stream.    USE - For use with jet engine test cell, for removing particulate matter and NOx from the exhaust of a jet engine.    ADVANTAGE - The AAR is simple, cost effective and highly efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An AAR, which is aligned axially with a direction of exhaust flow from an exhaust port of a jet engine, comprises cylindrical outer casing (46), interior (44), first and second sets of spoke-like injectors within the interior, and ignitor adjacent the first set of injectors. The first set of injectors injects natural gas into the exhaust stream. The ignitor ignites the natural gas and raises the exhaust stream to a first temperature to remove particulate matter from the exhaust stream. The second set of injectors injects ammonia into the exhaust stream to remove nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the exhaust stream when the exhaust stream is within a second temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a plain view, in partial section, of the AAR.    Jet engine (12)    Exhaust port (15)    AAR (26)    First set of injectors (40)    Second set of injectors (42)    Interior (44)    Outer casing (46)    Ceramic layer (48)
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) consists of an aerobic treatment tank (11) filled with porous support (15) to which waste water containing organic solid substance is supplied and treated. The treated waste water is then supplied to a solid-liquid separation tank (12), and the separated solid substance is biologically treated in a treatment tank (13).    USE - For processing waste water containing organic solid substance.    ADVANTAGE - The waste water containing organic solid substance is treated effectively in short period of time without generation of bad smell. The size of the processing apparatus is reduced, and the performance of the processing apparatus is improved since jamming of waste water transfer pipes is prevented. Since, the waste water is introduced into settling tank before supplying it to the aerobic treatment tank, the difficulty decomposable substance such as inorganic solid substance is removed. Therefore, the generation amount of sediment of sludge in aerobic treatment tank is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing of waste water containing organic solid substance which involves mixing the water separated by solid-liquid separation tank and the processed material obtained by aerobically treating the solid substance, followed by discharging it.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart showing the processing of waste water containing organic solid substance.    Processing apparatus (1)    Aerobic treatment tank (11)    Solid-liquid separation tank (12)    Solid substance treatment tank (13)    Porous support (15)
NOVELTY - Waste such as plastic and metals are introduced into a crusher and pulverized. The plastic waste is collected from the pulverized material from impurities and processed.    USE - For resourcing waste plastic useful as blast furnace raw material for fuel production.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to process waste plastic efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for use of waste plastic as blast furnace raw material.
NOVELTY - Modifier which forms hydrogen rich gas has cylindrical modification catalyst (1) consisting of porous ceramics inserted into the cylindrical case (8). Modification raw material gas is introduced from the inner peripheral wall surface which is modified and ejected from the outer peripheral wall surface.    USE - Modifier for fuel cells which forms hydrogen rich gas used as fuel source of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Crack of catalyst and inclination are prevented. Performance reduction is prevented and cost is reduced by decreasing the labor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Modifier has modification catalyst consisting of porous ceramics. The magnitude of the holes in the ceramics is 20 mum. A copper system catalyst and noble metals catalyst which accelerate partial oxidation modification is carried by the porous ceramics in the inner side. Copper system catalyst which accelerates steam reforming and shift reaction is carried by the porous ceramics in the outer side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the modifier for fuel cells. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cylindrical modification catalyst (1)    Cylindrical case (8)
NOVELTY - Process for the production of a motor fuel comprising a petrol of determined octane index involves pre-heating a charge comprising a petrol obtained by a direct distillation; catalytic reforming to increase the octane index; separation of the hydrogen produced by the reforming process;and storage of the high octane petrol and/or hydrogen.    USE - The system can be used to fuel an internal combustion engine using a mixture of high octane fuel and hydrogen, or in mixed fuel vehicles fitted with a combustion engine and electric motor, the electricity for the latter being obtained from a hydrogen fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The use of hydrogen mixed with other hydrocarbons results in a fuel with improved combustion properties and a reduction in the emission of unburnt hydrocarbons and absence of CO2 emissions. The use of a primary petrol from direct distillation, or a Fischer-Tropsch petrol, results in a low benzene content. The hydrogen may be the source for other electricity generators, such as fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an installation for conducting the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates a regenerative version of the system in which the reforming catalyst is continuously regenerated.    storage of H2 for possible alternative uses; (4)    H2 purifier; (11)    H2 distributor; (12)    reactor unit; (19)    reaction sector; (20)    regenerative sectors; (21, 22, 23)    axis of rotation; (24)    injection of vaporized charge; (25)    outlet for effluent; (26)    inlet and outlet for exhaust gases from the engine for thermal exchange; (27, 28)    injection of pre-dried air; (29)    entry for purified H2 via recycling line 17; (32)    I.C. engine. (33)
NOVELTY - The production of methanol from ethanol and sugar preparation waste comprises grinding of sugar cane to mix sugar (2) with other biodegradable material (3) for formation of methane (5). The methane, together with bagasse (8), yields in a fluidized bed synthesis gas CO + H2 (12). EMBODIMENT - The resulting mixture with catalysts, yields methanol (16) for use as fuel.    USE - In applied chemistry.
NOVELTY - Refrigerant blends free of Refrigerant-22 comprises (in mol fraction) Refrigerant-123 (0.01-0.45), Refrigerant-23 (0-0.40), Refrigerant-170 (0.00-0.30), Refrigerant-14 (0.10-0.35), Argon (0-0.35), Refrigerant-124 (0-0.25) and Refrigerant-125 (0-0.25).    USE - For use in ultra low temperature refrigeration.    ADVANTAGE - No hardware or oil composition changes are required to maintain temperatures, pressures and capacity of a refrigeration system. Refrigerant blend free of Refrigerant-22 exhibits same refrigeration performance without compressor, compressor oil, refrigerant liquid-vapor phase separators or heat exchanger.
NOVELTY - A landfill gas extraction system for controlling the extraction of gas from a number of gas well cells (each including one or more gas wells and a vacuum source) comprises a computer and a number of control valves. Each control valve is in fluid communication with a cell, and is controllable by the computer for controlling gas extraction from the cell.    USE - Landfill monitoring and control. The recovered methane can be used as a source of energy.    ADVANTAGE - The remote system is easy to use and cost-effective and can control gas flow through a number of wells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) A computer program storage device readable by a digital processing system; with a program including instructions for performing steps for controlling valve(s) in a landfill cell gas extraction pipe, the steps comprising: receiving a feedback signal representative of gas pressure, gas flow rate and/or oxygen concentration in the pipe; and moving the valve in response.    (2) A digital processing apparatus for controlling a valve in a landfill to regulate the flow of gas comprising: code for receiving a feedback signal representative of gas pressure, gas flow rate and/or oxygen concentration of gas in the pipe; and code for causing the valve to move in response to the signal.    (3) A landfill, comprising a piping system for extracting gas through landfill cells, comprising: a computer and, for each cell, a pneumatic control valve for selectively blocking gas communication; an enclosure; a source of air for pressurizing the enclosure to prevent gas from leaking into the enclosure; sensor(s) for generating a feedback signal representative of an attribute of gas in the cell; and solenoid valve(s) disposed in the enclosure and configured for selectively establishing fluid communication between the cell and the sensor.
NOVELTY - A fuel inlet manifold (29) receives a non-oxygen treated fuel (50) through a fuel inlet conduit (52) and injects the fuel to a fuel cell stack assembly (26). An oxygen containing stream (55) is injected at a discrete point along the fuel inlet conduit before the supplied fuel enters the fuel inlet manifold. A fuel exhaust manifold (30) exhausts the fuel from fuel cells in fuel cell stack assembly.    USE - For use in electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Mixing of fuel supply and oxidizing gas chemically react to reduce harmful contaminants within the fuel supply, since high velocity turbulent gas flow zones are produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of manifold feed system.    Fuel cell stack assembly (26)    Fuel inlet manifold (29)    Fuel exhaust manifold (30)    Non-oxygen treated fuel (50)    Fuel inlet conduit (52)    Oxygen containing stream (55)
NOVELTY - The sunflower stalks and roots dissociator has an autoclave, and a reactor filtering the liquid from the autoclave. A cooler is also fitted. The product is a non-conventional liquid fuel.    USE - In the fuel industry, to form a liquid fuel.
NOVELTY - Waste material is collected and then dumped in an existing natural underground cavity (H).    USE - For the disposal and storage of cattle, pig or chicken manure.    ADVANTAGE - Manure can be safely stored and disposed of, being used to generate biogas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for storing waste material, especially for the disposal and storage of manure, comprises collecting the material and dumping it in an existing natural underground cavity, where it is stored.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) the waste material storage system (1), comprising a waste collection station (2) connected to a pipe (4) that leads into the cavity, and    (b) the use of an underground cavity, especially a natural deposit, for storing waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a manure storage system.    Manure storage system (1)    Manure collection station (2)    Manure pipe (4)    Bottom end of pipe (6)    Natural gas station (8)    Natural gas pipe (10)    Bottom end of natural gas pipe (12)    Natural gas deposit (H)
NOVELTY - Deodorizing sludge comprises that an organic activated sludge (1), dry grass compost, charcoal (carbon produced by burning chaff), viscous soil and adhesive are stirred and mixed to form a sludge admixture (2) which is molded (3) to a granular and pellet shape, where the surface of the molded material is coated by a lime layer (5) and paint of earth and sand (7), and dried (8).    USE - The method is used for deodorizing industrial waste of organic activated sludge such as sewer line sludge and human waste sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The bad odor of organic activated sludge is removed and deodorized. The deodorization of the sludge is maintained for a long period of time. The sludge composted granular soil is efficiently produced by deodorizing the organic activated sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for sludge composted granular soil (9) which is formed by stirring and mixing 80 weight % (wt.%) of organic activated sludge, 5 wt.% of dry grass component, 5 wt.% of charcoal (carbon produced by burning chaff), 10 wt.% of viscous soil and proper adhesive, using mixer to form a sludge admixture. The sludge admixture is molded to a shape of granule and pellet of diameter 2-5 mm. The molded material is coated by a lime layer and paint of earth and sand, and dried.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process diagram of deodorization of sludge. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Sludge raw material (1)    Sludge admixture (2)    Molding (3)    Lime molding (5)    Earth and sand molding (7)    Drying process (8)    Sludge composted granular soil (9)
NOVELTY - A paddle-type stirring apparatus (2) moves in a zig-zag path from an insertion opening (1a) to a discharge port of a fermenter (1), where a driving control system enables the movement of the stirring apparatus in a to and fro direction within the width of the apparatus, and reciprocates to the opposite direction, when the apparatus reaches near the fermenter side wall (1c or 1d) at one end.    USE - The apparatus is used for fermenting organic substances e.g. refuse, sludge, livestock waste sludge, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The strength required for forcing raw material during the traverse of stirring apparatus is reduced. The driving power is reduced and the movement of the stirrer is stabilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating the fermentation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view, partial top view and explanatory diagram of motion of a stirrer of the paddle-type horizontal fermentation apparatus.    Fermenter (1)    Opening (1a)    Side walls (1c,1d)    Paddle-type stirring apparatus (2)
NOVELTY - A heating deodorizing unit (13) which has a deodorant heater, is installed in the exhaust gas line (12) of the refuse treatment tank (1). When the rate of supplying electricity to the heater falls below a fixed value, clogging of filter (19) is judged, and a clogging warning unit sounds an alarm.    USE - For organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - By measuring the rate of supplying electricity to deodorant heater, a reduction in the amount of draft is detected and the user is informed about the need for cleaning the filter, and poor degradation of organic refuse is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic perspective view of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    Refuse treatment tank (1)    Exhaust gas line (12)    Heating deodorizing unit (13)    Filter (19)
NOVELTY - Electromotive unit (4) comprises an electrolyte board (1) with fuel electrode (2) and oxidation agent electrode (3), on either sides. An oxidizing agent gas flow route (6) is provided on surface of electrode. A manifold with a pressure reducer, connects the edge of route.    USE - For portable device like notebook type personal computers.    ADVANTAGE - Oxygen supply is efficiently performed and a stable high output is obtained. Small size fuel cells are efficiently obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of a unit battery.    electrolyte board (1)    fuel electrode (2)    oxidation agent electrode (3)    electromotive unit (4)    oxidizing agent gas flow route (6)
NOVELTY - Thermal sensors (T1,T2) are respectively arranged to catalyst layers (41,42) of reforming unit at several positions. The difference of temperature change of each position is detected as inclination of fuel cell based on which amount of supply of raw material is changed.    USE - Operation of fuel cell used as electric power unit for drive of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction of reaction efficiency and reaction selectivity occurring in reforming unit and degradation of catalyst are prevented. Temperature indifference in specific areas of catalyst layer is restrained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell comprises reforming unit which forms hydrogen from supplied raw material and electricity generation unit which enables the reaction of formed hydrogen with oxygen to form water and electricity. Thermal sensors (T1,T2) are respectively arranged to catalyst layers (41,42) of reforming unit at several positions. The difference of temperature change of each position is detected as inclination of fuel cell, based on which amount of supply of raw material is changed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing showing the distribution state of thermal sensor in the reformer.    Catalyst layers (41,42)    Thermal sensors (T1,T2)
NOVELTY - The high temperature fuel cell installation (10) carries out electrochemical oxidation of fuel and converts chemical energy into electrical energy. The installation has an air compressor (13) which presses and supplies reaction gas for oxidation and a cooling system (15) for cooling the gas supplied into compressor.    USE - As power generating device such as solid polymer type fuel cell, solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell and molten carbonate type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Power consumed by the compressor for pressing the reaction gas to preset pressure is less. Discharge temperature of the reaction gas supplied from compressor is less. Electricity generating efficiency of the fuel cell can be increased using the cold heat from liquefied natural gas. The cold heat from liquefied natural gas is recovered as power and can be used for driving turbines.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process flow figure of the rough structure of a high temperature fuel cell installation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    High temperature fuel cell installation (10)    Air compressor (13)    Air cooler (15)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system (10) comprises fuel cell (20) which generates electricity using pure hydrogen gas generated from hydrogen releasing alloy system (30). A recycling unit recycles the pure hydrogen gas which remains unreacted during the cell reaction in fuel cell, as heating gas to hydrogen release alloy.    USE - For use as power source in vehicles and as small electricity generating device in industry.    ADVANTAGE - By recycling the unreacted gas as heating gas to the hydrogen releasing alloy, effective usage of fuel energy is achieved and electricity generating efficiency is improved. Occlusion and flooding of gas passage way of cell is prevented. Hence running of cell stably is enabled and stable output can be obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of fuel cell system.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell system (10)    Hydrogen releasing alloy system (30)
NOVELTY - Liquid fuel is supplied to a single cell containing support electrolyte film, fuel electrode and oxidizing electrode. The oxidizing agent is supplied parallel to the fuel flow path and oxidizing electrode. The fuel cell is a laminate of separator board (2) and oxidizing agent. The laminate are arranged parallel to form a groove such that width of ridge (44) between groove and fuel flow path (43) is large.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The effective operation of vehicle is achieved while using the fuel cell. The fuel cell with high voltage and high output characteristics is achieved. The slipping of gas from the fuel cell is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of flow path surface of separator in fuel cell (Drawing includes non English text).    Separator board (2)    Fuel flow path (43)    Ridge (44)
NOVELTY - The alloy for hydrogen permeation films comprises 3-15 a t % of samarium, cerium and ytterbium, and remaining quantity of palladium.    USE - For hydrogen permeation films used for purification and isolation of hydrogen for hydrogen fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen permeation film obtained by using the alloy allows permeation of hydrogen gas at high rate. Thereby, hydrogen gas at high temperature and operability, for hydrogen fuel cell can be obtained.
NOVELTY - The PEM (proton exchange membrane) fuel cell has serpentine flow field channels (86,88,90,92), and each channel has an inlet leg, an exit leg, at least one medial leg between them and hairpin curves connecting the legs to each other. The legs all extend in the same general direction between a gas supply (72) and gas exhaust manifold (74). One of the inlet and exit legs is longer than the other while the medial leg is shorter than the shortest of the inlet/exit leg. The land(s) defining the medial leg(s) of adjacent channels are generally aligned lengthwise.    USE - As PEM fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides serpentine flow channels whose length can be varied at will, without regard for distance between manifolds and without having any unused space in flow field.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of the flow field face of a bipolar plate.    gas supply (72)    gas exhaust manifold (74)    serpentine flow field channels (86,88,90,92)
NOVELTY - A procedure for recovering a non-converted water-soluble fuel from at least one anode- or cathode-side waste gas stream of a direct-fuel fuel cell (1) is described. The cell has on the anode side a liquid water-fuel mixture and on the cathode side, oxygen and/or air supplied. The waste gas stream(s) is acted upon with water for the solution of its content of non-converted fuel and a thus created water/fuel mixture is added to the water/fuel mixture on the anode side of the fuel cell. The anode-side waste gas stream and the cathode-side waste gas stream are combined and the combined waste gas stream is acted upon with water.    USE - For recovering non-converted water-soluble fuel from at least one anode- or cathode-side waste gas stream of direct-fuel fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improved efficiency of direct-fuel fuel cells    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an arrangement for recovering fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block circuit diagram of the arrangement.    fuel cell (1)
NOVELTY - The comprehensive utilization and processing technology of sandy soil plant, including raw material and organic solvent, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The comprehensive utilization and processing technology of sandy soil plant, including raw material and organic solvent, is characterized by the following steps:    (i) separating leaf and branch;    (ii) making leaf portion of plant undergo processes of grinding to make paste;    (iii) filtering and concentrating to directly prepare finished product;    (iv) feeding waste residue produced by extracting fibrous portions of stem, etc. of plant into bio-gas production process;    (v) mixing the waste dregs produced by biogas production with zymophyte; and    (vi) adding forming agent to make treatment to obtain biological compound fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Antibiotic fertilizer with humic acid combines the advantages of both compound antibiotic fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer, has no problem of antagonism between compound untibiotic fertilizer andmicrobes and can increase the yield of crop stably. The fertilizer is prepared through combined liquid fermentation and solid fermentation as well as low temperature drying, and its dormant microbes can survive for 1-2 years. The fertilizer has live bacteria number several times higher than available bacterial fertilizer and is suitable for commercial production.
NOVELTY - A nutritive activated peptide additive for feed is prepared from Bacillus subtilis as strain and, low-value seafish or leftover of sea products through surface solid fermentation, enzymolysis, adsorption by the cultured substance and low-temp drying. Its product contains rich free amino acids and active short peptide and has both nutritive and health-care functions. The content of active short peptide is higher than 20%. The total number of useful bacilli is greater than 10 to the power 9 /g. The number of yeasts is greater than 5X10 to the power 5.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a new-type catalyst for sweetening crude butane and refining high-purity butane. Said catalyst is a solid acid catalyst made up by using upgraded or non-upgraded hydrogen-type five-membered ring molecular sieve, beta molecular sieve or Y molecular sieve, in which, in particular, using ZSM-5 or ZSM-5 and ZSM-11 eutectic molecular sieve as main body. Said catalyst possesses the property reducing about 15000 ppm of alkene contained in crude butane to tens to below 500ppm under the condition of low temp. (room temp. to 150 deg.C). Said invented catalyst features large treatment quantity, low operation temp., easy regeneration and good repeated regeneration property.
NOVELTY - Water-based composition consists of solution of exopolysaccharide, 2-5% produced by strain Azotobacter vinelandi (Lipman) in the form of culture broth and filler. The latter, in particular, is wood flour, 2-5%, whereas exopolysaccharide is used in combination with mixture of lauric and palmitic acids, 10-15%. Composition selectively increased filtration resistance to water flow in high-permeability watered interbeds.    USE - Biotechnological methods in oil and gas production.    ADVANTAGE - Increased oil recovery. 2 tbl, 2 ex
NOVELTY - Disintegrator has housing with inlet and outlet branch pipes, rotor positioned axially of housing and having blind openings in its cylindrical surface. Blind openings of rotor are communicated via annular slot with housing openings made in perforated ring mounted between annular slot and housing. Perforated ring defines with housing cavity separated from inlet and outlet branch pipes and communicated with deuterium and protium water molecule associate collector and with subsequent stages of disintegrators with collectors. End collector is communicated with feeding chamber of electrolysis unit. Inlet branch pipe of first stage disintegrator is communicated with disintegrator collector of belt press filter communicated with chlorella generator whose feeding section is communicated via mash pipe and discharge section via biogas pipe with bioreactor methane fermentation chamber which is communicated with alkali, neutral and acid fermentation chambers. The latter are connected with dispersers. Acid fermentation chamber is communicated with human activity product collector.    USE - Equipment for processing of human activity products.    ADVANTAGE - Increased water molecule associate disintegration extent and increased efficiency in separating deuterium water from protium water. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Biogas unit has methane tank provided with acid fermentation chamber communicated to liquid manure collector, and with methane fermentation chamber communicated via slurry channel with belt press filter for slurry dehydration, via biogas pipe with gas collector, and via mash and biogas pipes with fermentholysis chamber. Transverse perforated walls are mounted in fermentholysis chamber for dividing it into sections communicated one with the other via overflow pipes. Lower section of fermentholysis chamber is communicated with centrifugal microfilter and belt press filter, and is communicated via excessive biomass and squeezed water channels of belt press filter collector with dynamic disintegrator. Rotor with blind openings is axially aligned with dynamic disintegrator. Blind openings are communicated via annular channel with openings of perforated ring, which defines with housing closed cavity communicated with sequential stages of dynamic disintegrator and with heavy water collector. Dynamic disintegrator outlet branch pipe is communicated with upper section of fermentholysis chamber. Unit of such construction allows agricultural sewage and solid wastes to be effectively processed and by-products such as methane, protein-vitamin additives, heavy water, biofertilizers to be obtained.    USE - Equipment for processing animal wastes of pig breeding farms.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency by increased concentration of methane in biogas and wider range of by-products obtained by means of this unit. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Invention provides method for concentration of biogas by way of exhausting carbon dioxide by protococcus algae and hydrogen sulfide by photosynthesizing sulfurobacteria on sewage disposal plants belonging to agroindustrial complex. Method involves production of biogas and transporting it from production source to transparent chlorella-generator for treatment by protococcus algae and sulfurobacteria, which is effected by bubbling biogas through clarified mash bed. Clarified water from chlorella-generator is subjected to dynamic and static disintegration of biomass and associates of heavy and light water. Disintegrate is then compacted and subjected to dynamic and static disintegration of associates of heavy and light water. Residual mixture of associates is subjected to electrolysis and alkaline solution after electrolysis is added to mash to increase alkalinity of medium for culturing of protococcus algae and photosynthesizing sulfurobacteria. Integrated utilization o f manure and dung using present invention reduces expenses on production of commercial product at agroindustrial complex enterprises improves environmental condition.    USE - Biogas production.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced biogas production cost. 1 dwg
NOVELTY - The evaporation chamber in the fuel evaporator (1) is equipped with the original fuel injection equipment (40) which injects the liquid fuel. The injection quantity adjustment portion which sets the original fuel injection quantity using injection weight mark set point signal is provided to injection quantity adjusting device (42) in the fuel injection equipment.    USE - For fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Liquid pool in an evaporation chamber is prevented and the supplied liquid field fuel is evaporated efficiently by injecting a suitable amount of liquid field fuel depending on the requirement of fuel cell and fuel to fuel cell is supplied quickly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the entire structure of fuel cell system equipped with fuel injection equipment for evaporation machines. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel evaporator (1)    Evaporation chamber (11)    Fuel injection equipment (40)    Injection quantity adjusting device (42)
NOVELTY - The organic waste gasification processing system has a waste heat recovery boiler which is connected to downstream side of a gasifier. A hydrothermal reaction tube is provided to the boiler so that hydrothermal reaction of organic waste is carried out at sub-critical pressure of water. Then, the decomposed product of organic waste is supplied to the gasifier as a fuel.    USE - For recycling organic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Effective usage of organic waste is carried out by hydrothermal reaction of organic waste using hydrothermal reaction tube connected to exhaust heat boiler of gasification combined cycle power generation system.
NOVELTY - The apparatus (2) has a feed pipe (8) for providing heating gas to a nozzle (6) along the side wall of a furnace (1) which has a discharge port (3) at the bottom. A gas outlet (9) with a gas extraction pipe (10) is provided at the upper portion of the furnace. The base material injected into the furnace is thermolyzed by contacting with heating gas and the carbonized material is separated within the furnace.    USE - For processing waste material, e.g. municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - The installation area of the apparatus is minimized and the processing of waste material is economical.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the thermolysis processing apparatus.    Furnace (1)    Apparatus (2)    Discharge port (3)    Nozzle (6)    Feed pipe (8)    Gas outlet (9)    Gas extraction pipe (10)
NOVELTY - The carbonization device has a fan (11a) in a burner (11) of a heating chamber (2) around a coke oven chamber. A fan (12a) is provided in a burner (12) of a combustion chamber (3). Continuous cooling is carried out while baking inflammable organic substances. During the second half of the cooling process, one burner (12) is stopped. Fans (11a,12a) are made to run continuously, successively for a preset time.    USE - For carbonizing inflammable organic substances, e.g. organic refuse, paper, timber or paper diapers.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces failure of the carbonization device by avoiding exposure of the electrical components at the circumference of both the fans to abnormal temperature. The life span of the carbonization device is prolonged.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the operating condition of each appliance of the device during a run as per the inventive method.    Heating chamber (2)    Combustion chamber (3)    Burners (11,12)    Fans (11a,12a)
NOVELTY - Exhaust chamber (10) is installed along outer wall of treatment tank (1). Exhaust tube (11a) is provided to supply hot exhaust air from deodorant vessel (7) to the exhaust chamber, and assists heating in treatment tank. Deodorant vessel is heated by hot air from a heater (8).    USE - For decomposing organic refuse into water and carbon dioxide by zymosis of aerobic bacteria.    ADVANTAGE - The hot exhaust air from deodorant vessel is used to assist heating the treatment tank, thereby improving processing efficiency. The deodorant vessel is heated by heater to improve deodorizing efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Deodorant vessel (7)    Heater (8)    Exhaust chamber (10)    Exhaust tube (11a)
NOVELTY - Slaked lime feeder (S) ejects slaked lime through dispersion nozzle (14) to the waste material (W) e.g. dust which is dropped from the discharge portion (1o) of conveyor (C) to the molding machine (M). The waste material is changed into pellet in the molding machine.    USE - For solidification of waste material such as inflammable dust.    ADVANTAGE - Since slaked lime is used, absorption and removal of moisture-content in waste material is reliably performed. Slaked lime does not stain and so cleaning becomes easy. Solidified waste material does not rot during storage and hence can be recycled as fuel for a long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire side view of solidification processing apparatus.    Discharge portion of conveyor (1o)    Dispersion nozzle (14)    Conveyor (C)    Molding machine (M)    Slaked lime feeder (S)    Waste material (W)
NOVELTY - The fuel processing system comprises supply unit (13) which supplies slurry-like fuel, reactor (4) which converts the slurry into gas fuel by performing hydrothermal reaction and a separation unit (5) which isolates formed gas from solid content and residual water.    USE - For treating stock raising waste material, such as livestock excrement, sewage sludge, organic refuse or food manufacture waste material, waste materials, such as waste plastic, and low quality fuels, such as coal.    ADVANTAGE - The system effectively treats low quality fossil fuels, such as coal, with high efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of fuel processing system. (Includes non-English language text).    Reactor (4)    Separation unit (5)    Supply unit (13)
NOVELTY - Microorganism carrier for microbial degradation of organic refuse, consisting of bamboo chips, is new.    USE - The carrier is useful for assisting microbial degradation of organic refuse degradation.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism carrier has excellent wear resistance, efficiently degrades organic refuse, and is safe. The bamboo chip is obtained easily and is available in desired shapes. The carrier is effective as the microorganisms are secured within pores present on bamboo.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an organic refuse processing apparatus comprising the microorganism carrier.
NOVELTY - The waste vegetable and fruits are crushed, carbonized and molded into a rectangular object.    USE - For discarding process.    ADVANTAGE - Discarding of waste vegetables and fruits, is easy and is performed in short period of time. Environmental pollution is prevented. Bad smell of the compost is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the processing apparatus of the waste vegetables and fruits. The apparatus consists of a crusher (1) provided with cutting blade or through-hole, which crushes the fruits and vegetables which are passed through the cutting blade or through-hole. A screw conveyor (3) is provided which conveys material between the outlet of the crusher and the inlet of a rotary kiln (2).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional front elevation diagram of the processing apparatus.    Crusher (1)    Rotary kiln (2)    Screw conveyor (3)    Slaked lime supply unit (4)
NOVELTY - The apparatus consists of a gas diffusion part (201-204) by which a gas is uniformly introduced into the gas inlet side of a catalyst layer cell (101-104). The catalyst layer cell reduces carbon monoxide from the gas.    USE - For reformer used in fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Size and weight of the fuel cell are reduced. Reduction of carbon monoxide is performed efficiently. Reliability of the fuel cell is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) reformer which consists of a carbon monoxide reduction apparatus which reduces carbon monoxide from reformed gas, and a reforming part (23) which converts hydrocarbon group fuel into the reformed gas (ii) fuel cell system which generates electricity using the reformed gas obtained from the reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional drawing of the carbon monoxide reduction apparatus.    Reforming part (23)    Catalyst layer cell (101-104)    Gas diffusion part (201-204)
NOVELTY - Production of synthetic natural gas involves supplying electric power to counter electrode arranged in reaction zones (12,14) filled with hydrogen formation catalyst (HFC) and carbon containing material (CM), in plasma reactor (10), supplying water to zone (12), contacting water with HFC in plasma to form hydrogen (H2), introducing H2 into zone (14), and contacting H2 with CM plasma to form methane.    USE - For production of synthetic natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The synthetic natural gas is produced easily and efficiently at a low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of synthetic natural gas involves arranging counter electrode and sequentially forming reaction zones (12,14) in plasma reaction chamber (10), filling hydrogen formation catalyst and carbon containing material in reaction zones, supplying electric power to counter electrode, to generate plasma in reaction zones, supplying water to reaction zone (12), contacting water with hydrogen formation catalyst in presence of plasma to form hydrogen, introducing the hydrogen into reaction zone (14), and contacting the hydrogen with carbon containing material in presence of plasma to form methane. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for forming synthetic natural gas which comprises counter electrode, inlet to supply water to reaction zone (12), plasma reactor having outlet which ejects methane from reaction zone (14), and electric power unit which supplies electric power to the counter electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of process of synthetic natural gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Plasma reactor (10)    Reaction zones (12,14)    Polyphase alternator (16)    Directional control valve (18)    Collector chamber (20)    Rapid cooling chamber (22)
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises a reactor (1) provided with supply port through which gaseous mixture with water is fed, and discharge port through which separated gas is ejected. The apparatus is provided with units (6,3) for respectively adjusting the internal pressure and temperature of the reactor, so as to selectively precipitate one of the gaseous components as hydrate.    USE - For separating hydrate forming gases such as argon, krypton, nitrogen, oxygen, methane, xenon, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, ethane, cyclopropane, trimethylene oxide and isobutane from gaseous mixture. The apparatus may also be used to separate non-hydrate forming gases such as helium, hydrogen from gaseous mixture.    ADVANTAGE - Components present in gaseous mixture are separated based on hydrate formation, without the use of gas permeable membranes, adsorbers, etc. The separation is efficiently performed and can also be used for separation of gaseous components which do not form the respective hydrates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the separation of components in gaseous mixture using the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the gas separating apparatus.    Reactor (1)    Temperature control unit (3)    Pressure control unit (6)
NOVELTY - The modifier has a cylindrical burner (21) surrounded by a doughnut shaped modification cylinder (26). A combustion space (24) is provided on the flame side of the burner. A spiral pipe (23) is arranged near the combustion space to supply liquid fuel.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Since the fuel modification cylinder forms combustion space at flame side of cylindrical burner by supply of liquid fuel from holes of spiral pipe, soot covered to spiral pipe is prevented and hence cooling capacity is increased and flame temperature is lowered.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The spiral pipe has several holes (23a) arranged along the main axial direction of the combustion space. The holes in the spiral pipe are provided at an angle of 60degrees or less with respect to the mainstream of combustion exhaust gas. A cylindrical shape is arranged inside the pipe for spiral form. The liquid fuel used is a mixed liquor of methanol and water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of modifier.    Cylindrical burner (21)    Spiral pipe (23)    Hole (23a)    Combustion space (24)    Modification cylinder (26)
NOVELTY - An autothermal reaction is initiated in a primary zone between the hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing fluid to heat the reformer to the required temperature, followed by an injection of water. A reforming process is then effected in a secondary zone in the presence of a catalyst.    USE - The system can be used for the generation of gas for fuel cells, possible for use in automobiles to generate electrical current.    ADVANTAGE - The automatic reformer, once initiated, rapidly attains the required temperature, and minimizes the production of undesirable by-products such as soot.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for the autothermal reforming of a hydrocarbon, particularly diesel fuel, is claimed. To start the reaction, a combustible mixture comprising the hydrocarbon to reform and an O2-containing fluid are introduced in a primary reaction zone and fired by an energy supply. After attaining the temperature necessary for the autothermal reaction, water (or a water-containing fluid) is injected in an amount necessary for the reforming process which takes place in a secondary reaction zone.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the installation to effect the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The attached drawing, figure 1, illustrates an installation of the process.    Reactor casing (2)    Primary reaction zone (3)    Secondary reaction zone (4)    Intermediate element (5)    Distribution nozzles for admission of hydrocarbons, oxygen and water (6,7)    Electrical plug initiator (8)    Catalyst (10)    Exhaust outlet (11)    Strangler valve (12)
NOVELTY - A mechanical device (111) e.g., compressor supplying oxidant stream to the cathode of fuel cell, is controlled to reduce parasitic power consumption by reducing oxidant stoichiometry until dV/d(OS) is greater than predetermined value, where dV is change in voltage and d(OS) is change in oxidant stoichiometry.    USE - For electrochemical fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of oxidant supplied to fuel cell stack is controlled and system efficiency is improved. Oxidant delivery sub-system is controlled to increase oxidant stoichiometry to avert oxidant starvation condition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) an oxidant delivery sub-system calibration method; and    (b) a fuel cell system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of fuel cell system.    Fuel cell stack (100)    End plates (102, 103)    Sensor (104)    Controller (105)    Fuel supply (106)    Fuel supply passage (107)    Oxidant supply (110)    Mechanical device (111)    Electric motor (112)    Cathode exhaust package (116)
NOVELTY - A chimney structure connects to a combustion chamber at its base end, and has porous stacks in a pipe for combustion gases having a gas discharge opening at the other end.    USE - Used in rubbish burning furnaces.    ADVANTAGE - The structure halves the height of chimney and is capable of removing carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a similar structure in which an inner pipe is connected to the combustion chamber at one end, and an external pipe having a gas discharging opening in the middle of the pipe is sealed at the upper end. The inner and external pipes form a ring flowing route.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a chimney system.
NOVELTY - A catalyst for exothermic or endothermic reaction comprises an aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel or copper plate having a porous oxide film on the surface, and a metal substrate having tubes optionally with fins or corrugated plates, all of which are impregnated in a weak electrolyte having a small degree of dissociation. After impregnation, the plates are sintered and a metal or a metal catalyst is supported in the oxide film.    USE - For exothermic reaction, e.g. burning, or an endothermic reaction, e.g. steam reforming, or for a water-gas-shift reaction or for the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high activity and less CO as byproduct.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) a similar catalyst in which the metal plate is impregnated in an organic solvent;    (ii) a similar catalyst in which the metal plate is treated with water before with the weak electrolyte;    (iii) a similar catalyst in which the treatment includes that in (i) and (ii); and    (iv) a heat exchanger using the catalyst.
NOVELTY - A compound is reduced by contacting it with a lanthanide catalyst containing a metal other than europium, ytterbium or samarium.    USE - The catalyst is used in reduction reactions such as the preparation of alkylated hydrocarbons (including pharmaceuticals) and/or organic polymers. The reducible compound contains e.g. carbon-carbon double or triple bond(s) or carbonyl group(s) in a cyclic or acyclic structure.    ADVANTAGE - The new lanthanide reducing agents are more reactive than Eu(II), Yb(II) and Sm(II) which often had to be enhanced by the addition of e.g. hexamethylphosphoramide (a highly carcinogenic compound). Inorganic lanthanide compounds are generally classified as nontoxic when introduced orally.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compound is reduced by contacting it with a lanthanide catalyst of formula (I).    G1-M-G2 (I)    M = a lanthanide other than europium, ytterbium or samarium;    G1, G2 = halogen, alkyl, aryl, NR2, OR, PR2 or SR; and    R = 1-20C alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) The reduction product of the process.    (2) A method of making a dihalogenated lanthanide (other than Eu, Yb or Sm) compound comprising:    (a) combining a lanthanide metal with a halogen,    (b) reacting to form an initial mixture and    (c) heating for about 1-60 (2-30) minutes.    (3) A method of making a dihalogenated lanthanide (other than Eu, Yb or Sm) complex comprising:    (a) combining a lanthanide metal with a halogen and a solvent molecule and    (b) refluxing the mixture under inert gas for 15-90 minutes without substantial use of repeated vacuum transfers.
NOVELTY - Depositing metal having high corrosion resistance and low contact resistance against carbon on a separator for a fuel cell, comprises: projecting a solid plating material of core particles having higher hardness than the separator, and coated with high corrosion resistant metal having low contact resistance against carbon, to compulsorily deposit metal coated on the solid plating material to the separator.    USE - For treating fuel cell separators.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces separator costs and weight by reducing thickness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The core particles of the solid plating material have a particle size of 30 - 300 microns; a true specific gravity of 2-15 and a hardness of 400/2000 Hv.
NOVELTY - Invention relates to chemical processing organic industrial and domestic polymeric wastes to motor fuel and chemical raw. Method involves thermic liquefaction of wastes at temperature above 270 degreesC under increased pressure in at least one solvent, alkylbenzene, followed by separation of liquid fraction and its distilling off. In the process of thermic liquefaction of wastes increased pressure is 6.1 MPa, not less, and after distillation liquid fraction of boiling point 210 degreesC, not less, is added to solvent in the mass ratio of additional component to solvent = 1:1, not less, in the process of thermic liquefaction of newly added wastes to be processed.    USE - Chemical technology.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified technology, decreased solvent consumption, increased yield of benzene fraction and technical carbon of improved quality. 3 cl, 1 tbl
NOVELTY - A composition for an anti-foaming agent consists of a compound (A) formed by adding and polymerizing a 2-4C alkylene oxide, 10-60 mol, to and with an ester consisting of a 16C or more (in average) aliphatic monocarboxylic acid containing ricinolic acid, 30 percent by mol or more, and a polyhydric alcohol.    USE - The composition is used as anti-foaming agent for use in bubbles generated in waste water treatment and finds its applications in various industries, including paper pulp, paper making, building, dye, fermentation, synthetic resin, synthetic rubber, ink, paint, fiber finishing fields.    ADVANTAGE - The anti-foaming agent exhibits superior initial antifoaming and its retention with respect to the bubbles generated in the waste water treatment. The use of the anti-foaming agent for a paper making process in manufacturing paper pulp provides resulting paper with superior water resistance retention.
NOVELTY - Waste material, such as organic refuse generated from house, restaurant, foodstuff industries, old tires, waste wood materials, paper diaper, organic sludge, human and animal excrements or waste plastics, is de-oxygenated, moisture content is removed. It is then carbonized by exposing to high temperature steaming.    USE - For processing waste material, such as organic refuse generated from home, restaurant, foodstuff industries, old tires, waste wood material, paper diaper, organic sludge, human and animal excrements or waste plastic. Also for processing organic refuse generated during production dairy products, such as yoghurt or cow's milk.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables prevention of toxic substances such as dioxin and effectively processes organic refuse safely and effectively. The carbonized material can be effectively used as source of fuel. The method enables prevention of pollution in environment.
NOVELTY - A culture apparatus comprises liquid waste supply unit, odor treatment unit for organic acid formation and culture tank, organic acid supply and dilution units, oxygen supply unit and bacteria supply unit. The organic formation tank produces volatile lower fatty acid (VLFA) from organic liquid. The culture tank forms a substrate of VLFA and cultivates purple non-sulfur bacteria in high concentration.    USE - For waste water treatment ejected from foodstuff industry.    ADVANTAGE - The low odor waste water treatment apparatus effectively suppresses bad smell, safely and inexpensively. The culture apparatus effectively cultivates purple non-sulfur bacteria.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A culture apparatus (A) of purple non-sulfur bacteria comprises liquid waste supply unit (alpha) to supply organic aqueous liquid to organic acid formation tank (beta) in high concentration, odor treatment units (gamma,theta) for deodorizing organic acid formation tank and culture tank (epsilon), organic acid supply unit (delta) to supply aqueous liquid containing VLFA to culture tank, dilution unit (zeta) to dilute VLFA, oxygen supply unit (eta) to maintain aerobic atmosphere and a bacteria supply unit (iota) to aqueous liquid containing purple non-sulfur bacteria increased by culture tank to demand side. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for low odor waste water treatment apparatus which comprises the culture apparatus equipped with an aerator or sludge storage tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flowchart of low odor waste water treatment apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Culture apparatus (A)    Waste liquid supply unit (alpha)    Organic acid formation tank (beta)    Organic acid formation tank odor treatment unit (gamma)    Organic acid supply unit (delta)    Culture tank (epsilon)    Organic acid dilution unit (zeta)    Oxygen supply unit (eta)    Culture tank odor treatment unit (theta)    Bacteria supply unit (iota)
NOVELTY - The floor material is composed of fermentation product containing high temperature bacteria. The temperature of bacteria is 85 degrees centigrade or more. The floor material is molded in the form of pellets, chips or granules.    USE - For livestock shed e.g. cows, pigs, horses, sheep, duck, chicken, dogs, cats, rabbits, squirrels, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation product performs rapid fermentation of animal excrement and removes bad smell. The fermented animal excrements are used as good quality organic fertilizer. Mites and fleas are also exterminated by the fermentation product.
NOVELTY - A desulfurizer (1) removes sulfur from original fuel supplied to it, in presence of a catalyst. A reformer (2) forms a hydrogen-rich reformed gas from the desulfurized fuel. The desulfurizer has a regeneration unit with gas inlet for heating (1) to a temperature more than that of the fuel or for cooling (1). An outlet to eject external gas for regeneration is also provided.    USE - For fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer has longer life. Catalyst function is accelerated with increased deodorant effect on sulfur components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of an apparatus with reformer.    Desulfurizer (1)    Reformer (2)    Waste gas line (6)    Combustion unit (11)
NOVELTY - Production of Burkholderia cepacia CIP-I-2052 comprises introducing the bacterium to a medium containing a cobalt salt(s) in air or oxygen and recovering an inoculum, is new.    USE - For treating effluent contaminated by bacteria.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of B. cepacia CIP-I-2052 comprises introducing the bacterium to a medium containing a nitrogen source(s), tert. butanol (TBA) and/or tert. amylic acid (TAA) and a cobalt salt(s) in air or oxygen and recovering an inoculum.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) an inoculum comprising B. cepacia CIP-I-2052 prepared as above; and    (2) the degradation of TBA and/or TAA containing aqueous effluent.
NOVELTY - An assembly (10, 20) of parallel tubes (14) projects into the reaction chamber of the fermenter (2), carrying nozzles.    USE - A bioreactor for solids, including insoluble wastes and low grade feedstocks. Solids cited in claims include solubilized brown coal, wood and contaminated ground. Nothing restricts processing of more conventional bio-feedstocks.    ADVANTAGE - The method opens the way for fermentation of less soluble materials and particulates. In particular, it promotes the thorough mixing required when attempting to ferment such materials. Any conventional feedstock can be supplied, including both municipal and industrial wastes. Contaminated earth containing chemical and biological species are treated. In addition, raw materials of the chemical industry are pre-treated. Solubilization of lignite and its treatment are further discussed in the disclosure. A quantified, laboratory-scale example of lignite fermentation is described, with references.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the method of operation. Solids in the reaction medium are thoroughly mixed together by the gas under pressure, supplied from above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic cross section through the plant is presented.    Reaction chamber (2)    Pressure cover (8)    Assembly of parallel tubes (10, 20)    First vertical nozzle assembly (10)    Parallel tubes (14)    Horizontal nozzle arrangement (20)    Halve (40)    Pressure vessel (44)    Bioreactive liquid (50)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises platinum supported on an aluminum oxide hydrate carrier.    USE - For selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-containing gas.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high selectivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) the production of carbon monoxide from a hydrogen-containing gas comprising adding oxygen to the gas in an amount required to oxidize at least one part of the carbon monoxide; and contacting the resulting mixture with a catalyst to selectively oxidize carbon monoxide or with a structure having the catalyst coated with an integral carrier element, the catalyst comprising platinum supported on an aluminum oxide hydrate carrier; and    (B) a fuel cell system of the solid polymer electrolyte type consisting of a reactor for selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide.
NOVELTY - Compost strain is cultivated through multiplication in table with culture medium comprising corn powder, bean dregs powder and wheat bran as carrier, peptone, NaCI, beef paste, glucose, etc as nutritious matter, culture in culture pot, carrier mixing, drying and packing.    ADVANTAGE - It can speed the dissolution of crop straw and waste, has long preservation period, and is harmless to people, animal and plant.
NOVELTY - Determination of a concentration of living microorganisms in a sample involves measuring the concentration of a substance secreted by the microorganism in the sample, subjecting the sample to a treatment killing the micro-organism and determining the concentration of the substance. The relation between the first and the second concentration is used as a measure of the concentration of living microorganisms in the sample.    USE - For the determination of the concentration of living microorganisms in a sample (preferably a liquid sample) taken from a process flow without prior filtration (claimed). Also useful in the determination of biological activity in a sample.    ADVANTAGE - The method is rapid, reliable and simple, suitable for automatization, independent of the constitution of the process solution, requires minimal work effort and maintenance of the equipment.
NOVELTY - The method comprises contacting the carbon monoxide with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising platinum and at least one metal selected from cobalt, nickel, copper and manganese.    USE - For reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-containing gas prepared by reforming hydrocarbons, methanol, etc., useful as a hydrogen source in fuel cells such as those used in automobiles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the catalyst comprising the active components on a support.
NOVELTY - A multicomponent fluid is distilled by providing partitioned section (125) having vertical (129) and end separating elements (131) to isolate the partitioned section from the intermediate distillation section.    USE - For distillation of a multicomponent fluid containing at least three components.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive process minimizes vapor and liquid maldistribution in any partitioned section used to recover a component enriched in an intermediate-volatility component.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Distillation of a multicomponent fluid containing at least three components involves providing an intermediate distillation section (127) between the first and second distillation sections. A partitioned section is provided adjacent the intermediate distillation section. The partitioned section has a vertical and end separating elements adjacent the vertical separating element. The vertical and end separating elements isolate the partitioned section from the intermediate distillation section and the equivalent diameter (De) of the partitioned section is at least 60% of the ideal diameter of the partitioned section. The multicomponent fluid is fed to the distillation column system, where a first portion (135) of a fluid stream (133) flows into the intermediate distillation section and a second portion (137) of the fluid stream flows into the partitioned section. A side stream is withdrawn from the partitioned section and enriched in a component having an intermediate volatility between highest and lowest volatilities.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a cryogenic air separation unit for carrying out the inventive method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic isometric view of a partitioned section in a distillation column.    Partitioned section (125)    Intermediate distillation section (127)    Vertical separating element (129)    End separating element (131)    Fluid stream (133)    First and second portions (135, 137)
NOVELTY - A new poly beta-hydroxybutyric acid producing microorganism Paracoccus kawasakiensis (FERM P-17644, BP-7059).    USE - The microorganism is used for production of poly beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) and treatment of waste water and reduction of nitrate and removal of nitrogen in waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Treatment of waste water and production of poly beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) is expected.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A microorganism having properties of Paracoccus sp., unable to grow in a medium containing 0.3% or more of sodium chloride (NaCl), unable to assimilate potassium nitrate or glutamic acid, and able to assimilate ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen source, having urease activity, unable to assimilate xylose, mannitol, maltose or lactose, and able to assimilate arabinose and sucrose as sole carbon sources, and named Paracoccus kawasakiensis (FERM P-17644, BP-7059), is new.
NOVELTY - A solid fuel comprising biomass and/or waste plastic is dissolved in caustic soda and gasified using a gasifier (12). After cooling, the waste gas is introduced into a gas purifier (16) so that a part of the sodium and sulfur are removed from the gas. The refined waste gas is heated, a gas turbine (20) is made to drive and electricity is generated.    USE - For generating electricity from solid fuels such as biomass, waste timber, waste bamboo materials and waste plastic.    ADVANTAGE - Electricity can be generated from solid fuel by dissolving solid fuel in caustic soda, without crushing it mechanically. The method is inexpensive and the chemical agent (caustic soda) can be recovered and reused.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid fuel comprising biomass and/or waste plastic is dissolved in caustic soda and gasified using a gasifier (12). After cooling, the waste gas is introduced into a gas purifier (16) so that a part of the sodium and sulfur are removed from the gas. The refined waste gas is heated, a gas turbine (20) is made to drive and electricity is generated. The waste gas from the gas turbine is then introduced into an exhaust heat boiler (28) and vapor is generated which is used for electricity generation in steal turbine (30).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electrical power generating device comprising a combustor (18) for heating the purified gas obtained from the gas purifier, and a dissolution pot (10). A generator is coaxially connected to the gas turbine and a causticizing plant (38) is connected through a sodium compound extract line to the gasifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the electrical power generating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Dissolution pot (10)    Gasifier (12)    Gas purifier (16)    Combustor (18)    Exhaust heat boiler (28)    Steel turbine (30)    Causticizer plant (38)
NOVELTY - The processing apparatus has a fermentation tank (1) equipped with several stirring blades (4) arranged on a rotation axis (3), which are axially rotated by a driving source (5). The blades stir the processed material contained in the fermentation tank.    USE - For processing domestic kitchen wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The position of the stirring blades can be changed along the rotation axis and the stirring blade uniformly touches the processed material, thereby preventing non-uniform mixing of the materials. Solidification of the processed material is prevented and generation of bad odor is reliably prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principle structure of stirring mechanism in organic refuse processing apparatus.    Fermentation tank (1)    Rotation axis (3)    Stirring blade (4)    Driving source (5)
NOVELTY - New microorganisms for decomposition of hydrocarbon pollutants in sea water.    USE - Decomposition of hydrocarbon pollutants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Microorganisms belonging to Proteobacteria alpha subdivision having properties of:    (1) exhibition of a base sequence of 165 rRNA gene with homogeneity of 90% to a fully defined 1388 base pairs given in the specification;    (2) exhibition of a base sequence of gyrB gene with homogeneity of 73% to a fully defined 1176 base pairs sequence given in the specification; and    (3) having resolving power to aromatic hydrocarbons, used for treatment of polluted sea water.
NOVELTY - The method involves controlling amount of raw material gas supply, based on increase or decrease in demand of reformed gas. Raw material supply is corrected, based on deviation of temperature from target value. Time lag for temperature change in reformer from the raw material demand time is calculated. Based on time lag, extraction of reformed gas and supply of heating gas are controlled.    USE - For reformer of hydrogen generator in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Since supply of heating gas and extraction of reformed gas are performed, based on time lag, supply is maintained relative to demand fluctuation and so temperature of reformed gas and apparatus are stabilized. Size of reformer is reduced, by the compact arrangement of controller in modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the temperature control apparatus which includes a judging circuit (25A) to judge increase or decrease in demand of raw material gas. A controller (20) controls the supply of raw material based on demand. A correction unit (23) corrects the amount of raw material gas supply, based on deviation of temperature from target value. Time lag temperature change in reformer is estimated from the demand time by an estimation unit. The controller limits the amount of extraction of reformed gas and controls supply of heating gas to reformer, based on time lag.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of temperature control apparatus of reformer.    Reformer (10)    Controller (20)    Judging circuit (25A)
NOVELTY - Final breakdown of fresh compost is accelerated by an earthworm colony moving through a steady incoming compost supply on a moving conveyor in a continual process.    USE - Process and assembly to accelerate the final decomposition of rotting vegetable matter with the aid of earthworms.    ADVANTAGE - The process achieves good control of the composting advancement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - As in DE 3812518-A1, freshly composted material (9) is finally composted by earthworms (19) which feed and migrate progressively to further incoming supplies of fresh compost. Worms migrate horizontally towards fresh compost which is preceded by further fresh incoming compost, maintained as a continual supply in an elongated pile (3) of more than two meters length by a conveyor-fed supply moving towards the worms. The fresh compost and worm-assisted compost heap are positioned on a moving surface e.g. circular, oval or linear conveyor, the speed of which is determined by the current position of the feeding worm colony. The position of the feeding worms is determined by sensors (23, 24). The composting material passes over a hot zone (7), under a mechanical hoe (12) and heap inverter (17). The finally composted material is discharged (5) prior to the fresh compost inlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of a ring-shaped composting assembly.    fresh composting material (9)    earthworms (19)    hot zone (7)    earthworm sensors (23,24)    hoe (12)    heap inverter/mixer (17)    discharge (5)    elongated heap (3)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system comprises a reforming unit (2) for the production of a hydrogen-rich gas mixture by reforming a compound containing hydrogen; a fuel cell for the production of an electromotive force by a reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen; and a hydrogen separating unit (3) between the reforming unit and the fuel cell comprising a hydrogen-permeable device for obtaining a fuel gas by separating the hydrogen gas from the gas mixture.    USE - For producing electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - Lowering of the degree of the energy conversion is minimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for an electric car; and a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system.    reforming unit (2)    hydrogen separating unit (3)
NOVELTY - A biologic organic fertilizer is prepared from fertilizer-type organic substances including crop wastes, animal and fowl dung or droppings, fermented industrial wastes and household garbage, Ca-Mg-Si powder ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, souring promoter, trace elements, deodorizing agent and microbes. Its advantages include loosening soil, long living period (more than 20 months at -30-60 degrees C), durable fertility and pH 4-9.
NOVELTY - The light hydrocarbon separation method for raising ethylene recovery includes the following steps: the gas and liquid obtained after compression, cooling and flash distillation of light hydrocarbon are respectively fed into high-pressure deethanizer to make non-clearity cutting of C2-fraction; the bottom product of the high-pressure deethanizer is fed into low-pressure deethanizer to implement the separation of C2-fraction and C3-fraction, and the top product of the high-pressure deethanizer is passed through the processes of step-by-step cooling and flash distillation so as to obtain the liquid as feeding material of demethanizer, and the gas discharged from outlet of gas-liquid separating tank is cooled, and fed into methane absorption tower, and 99.5% ethylene in the gas can be absorbed.
(AT200000887-A)   NOVELTY - An apparatus for intermittent gasification of fermenting organic waste in a container comprises a tank (8) whose pressure chamber (9) is fitted with a gas inlet (10) and outlet (11), is new.    USE - For intermittent gasification of fermenting organic waste in a container.    ADVANTAGE - The tank can be moved from a horizontal to a vertical position and its connections are separate from the pressure-operated components, allowing blockages to be easily cleared.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cross-section of the outlet is at least six times that of the inlet and it is connected to the pressure chamber via a valve (14) when the pressure inside it reaches a predetermined value. A second connector (16) which is separate from the valve is positioned outside the pressure chamber, but activated by the pressure in it.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the apparatus.    Tank (8)    Pressure chamber (9)    Gas inlet (10)    outlet (11)    Flow regulating valve (12)    Outlet valve (14)    Pressure operated connector (16)    Venturi nozzle (22)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell power plant that includes a fuel cell having a membrane electrode assembly which is positioned between an anode support plate and a cathode support plate, and porous water transport plates adjacent the anode and cathode support plate.    USE - Fuel cells having current densities of about 1.6 A m-2 are achieved with air stoichiometries of less than 2.50.    ADVANTAGE - Incorporating the interdigitated flow channels into the porous water transport plates and operating the fuel cell at a pressure differential allows the coolant water to saturate the water transport plates forcing the reactant gases into the anode and cathode support plate. This increases the mass transfer of the gases into the support plates, thereby increasing the electrical performance of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The porous water transport plates have interdigitated flow channels for the reactant gas streams to pass through and conventional flow channels for a coolant stream to pass through.    The fuel cell power plant also has a device for creating a pressure differential between the reactant gas streams and the coolant stream where the pressure of the reactant gas streams is greater than the coolant stream.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows fuel cell power plant that includes PEM fuel cell and device for controlling pressure of reactant gas and coolant streams.    PEM fuel cell power plant (10)    fuel cell (12)    support plate (14)    membrane electrolyte assembly (16)    cathode support plate (18)    water transport plate (20)    fuel reactant gas stream (22)    oxidant reactant gas stream (24)    coolant stream (26)    heat exchanger (28)    pump (30)    pump/compressor (32)    variable valve (34, 36, 38,)    pressure transducer (40, 42)    valve (44)    system controller (46)    line (48, 50, 52, 58, 60)
NOVELTY - A primary coolant loop (48) directs a circulating primary coolant stream through the reaction zone of the fuel cell (12), and into a primary heat exchanger (54) to remove heat from the reaction zone. A secondary coolant loop (76) directs a circulating secondary coolant stream through the condensation zone of the fuel cell, and into a secondary heat exchanger (82) to remove heat from the condensation zone, and to condense water vapor in the oxidant stream and reduce fluid passing through the condensation zone. An air conditioning unit (102) directs a refrigerant to the secondary heat exchanger to cool the circulating secondary coolant stream.    USE - For use in transportation vehicles as portable power plants or as stationary power plants.    ADVANTAGE - Minimizes reliance upon ambient air cooled condensing heat exchangers to maintain plant in water balance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of operating dual coolant loop fuel cell power plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell power plant.    fuel cell (12)    coolant loop (48,76)    heat exchanger (54,82)    air conditioning unit (102)
NOVELTY - A small-sized composite fermentation container comprising a permeable pocket which carries out piled deposition, is new.    USE - The container is used for performing aerobic fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation container has excellent efficiency and is easy to handle. The container effectively performs aerobic fermentation, without the generation of bad odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of composting a small-sized compost fermentation container.
NOVELTY - The fermentation aiding material (2) of three dimensional shape and sharp edge is provided in treatment tank (8). The fermentation aiding material crushes organic refuse during stirring by stirring blades (1).    USE - For biological processing of domestic organic refuse from homes, restaurants.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of garbage processing is increased by crushing organic refuse with fermentation aiding material during stirring. Favorable environment is provided by supplying warm air. The discarded fermentation material can be used as fertilizer. The warm air is supplied uniformly. The temperature and humidity in treatment tank are controlled uniformly. Thereby decomposition efficiency is improved. The extinction of microorganism is prevented by providing bypass air path. The abnormality in operation is informed to user immediately and easily by indicator lamp. The operating cost of apparatus is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The rhombus shape fermentation material is provided in the tank. The air is supplied from ventilating holes provided in the bottom board of stirrer. The quantity of warm air, temperature of tank, humidity of tank are controlled by sensors. A bypass air path and an abnormal operation indicating lamp with alarm buzzer are provided in the apparatus. The timber chip crushed with timber crusher is used as fermentation aiding material. The timber chip is also biodegradable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Stirring blade (1)    Fermentation aiding material (2)    Treatment tank (8)
NOVELTY - The aerobic treatment tank (10) is divided into two chambers (14,16) by a partition (18). A diffuser (20) which blows air (19) to the middle portion of (16) is provided. A guide apparatus (28) and grain-like carrier (12) carries the microorganisms upward, and is provided at the bottom portion of (16).    USE - For aerobic treatment of water.    ADVANTAGE - The guide apparatus prevents the sedimentation of microorganism carriers at the bottom of the tank. The contact of the carrier and the water is increased, improving the efficiency of the system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the aerobic treatment tank.    Aerobic treatment tank (10)    Support (12)    Chambers (14,16)    Partition (18)    Air (19)    Diffuser (20)    Guide apparatus (28)
NOVELTY - The aerobic microorganism (AM) carrier and refuse are supplied into drum (1) whose atmosphere is adjusted suitable for activity of AM. The mixture (MI) containing carrier and refuse is moved from one end to other end of drum by stirring, and movement of MI is stopped for predetermined time. The process of stirring and moving the MI, and stopping the movement of MI are repeatedly carried out.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse is processed effectively by stirring the mixture of aerobic microorganism carrier and refuse inside the drum, without rotating the drum. Therefore, the dispersion of the carrier and refuse is carried out uniformly in short period of time, compared with the conventional processing method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration inside the drum are adjusted suitable for activity of aerobic microorganism. The internal circumference of the drum is equipped with an impeller blade (12).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional chart of drum in the refuse processing apparatus.    Drum (1)    Impeller blade (12)