TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Method: The anode is oxidized with oxidizing agent and is stabilized with alkoxides. The cathode is oxidized in situ with oxidizing agent. The cathode is prepared with electrochemically active material partially oxidized with oxidizing agent. Both the anode and the cathode having the base of magnesium are prepared by chemical or thermal vapor deposition, electrolytic deposition or electro chemical deposition of the magnesium on inorganic or organic material. Both the anode and the cathode with the base of magnesium in the intercalation or embedding material is prepared either by (i) homogenization and pelletization of the intercalation and/or the embedding material, ground up to complete structural disorder and magnesium carbonates or oxides brought upto a temperature between 100 - 400degreesC for 1 - 3 hours, (ii) heating the mixture at 800 - 1200degreesC in an inert atmosphere, and (iii) finally keeping the mixture at 800 - 1200degreesC for 1 - 5 days in vacuum; by solvent-casting of a solvent to complete homogenization with Mg; or by plasma spraying or sputtering of the magnesium into the intercalation or embedding material. The electrolyte is prepared: by direct dissolution of the magnesium salt or complex in the liquid solvent or molten polymer; by solvent-casting of the common solvent of the polymer and of the magnesium salt or complex; or by dissolution of the magnesium salt or complex in at least one monomer and by subsequent polymerization. The electrolyte is acidified with a compounds selected acid or is alkanized with compounds selected from a base or nitrogen such as amines and ammonia or with basic derivatives of sulfur or phosphorus. The anode comprising magnesium intercalated or embedded in highly conductive organic or inorganic materials which intercalate or embedded magnesium crystallites of reduced dimensions or magnesium monocrystals in their own matrices. The dielectric spacers are treated to eliminate any polar groups present on their surfaces.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The magnesium is also in the form of metallic magnesium, which is laminated or sintered. The current collators are metallic or non-metallic with a resistivity not exceeding 10 ohm.m. The metallic current collectors are metals, oxides, alloys or their fabrics. The dielectric spacers consists of ion-permeable inorganic or organic materials having high dielectric characteristics and are glass fiber fabrics. The intercalation or embedding inorganic materials are oxides, sulfides, phosphates or phosphides of transition metals, alkaline metals, alkaline-earth metals or non-metal compounds. The oxidizing agent is oxygen gas or hydrogen peroxide. The electrolyte comprises an ionic species of magnesium, magnesium salts or complexes of formula Mg(R)yX2-y having lattice energy lower than 500 kcal/mol.y = 0 - 2;R = 1-7C alkyls;X = halides, ClO4, (CF3)1+xSO3-x, SCN-, PO43- or chlorides in delta form;x = 0 - 2.The solvent (1) capable of producing electrolyte is any liquid material having polar groups containing O, N and S which co-ordinate and dissociate the magnesium salts or complex.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The highly conductive inorganic or organic substrate materials are carbon fiber, carbon fiber fabrics, graphite or graphite-based composites. The intercalation or embedding organic materials have a base of carbons with a highly crystalline or irregular structure. The oxidizing agents are organic peroxides. The alkoxide is tetra-alkoxy silanes, trialkoxy aluminum, tetra-alkoxy zirconium or magnesium dialkoxides. (1) is any liquid material having polar groups containing carbon which co-ordinate and dissociate the magnesium salts or complexes. (1) is ether, alcohol, dialcohol, ester, amine, amide, thioether, thioalcohol, thioester, alkyl carbonate or alkyl thiocarbonate. The non-metallic current collectors are made of carbon or carbon-fiber fabrics. The dielectric spacers are organic membrane. The solvent for solvent casting method is benzene, toluene, N,N-dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl formamide or tetrahydrofuran containing a homogenous mixture (2) of polymers.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The intercalation or embedding organic material are carbon-based polymer. The polymeric solvent is selected from: polymers (3) and/or copolymers (4) with different molecular weights of polyalkylene oxides, polyalkylene glycols, polycarbonates, polyalkyl siloxanes, polyethylene diaminotetra-acetate and their derivatives in which at least one atom in the chains are substituted by at least one hetero-atom selected from O, N, S and P; or polyphosphazene polymers functionalized with (3) or (4). The polyalkylene oxides are polymethylene oxide, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or their copolymers. The polyalkylene glycols are polymethylene glycols, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols their copolymers or their fluorinated derivatives. The polycarbonates are polymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene carbonates or their copolymers. The polyalkyl siloxanes are selected from polymethyl-, polyethyl-, polypropylsiloxane or their copolymers. The copo lymer with different molecular weights are: between the polyalkylene oxides and the polyalkylene glycols; between the polyalkylene oxides and the polyalkyl siloxanes; between the polyalkylene oxides and the polycarbonate; between the polyalkylene oxides and the polyethylene diaminotetra-acetate; between the polyalkylene glycols and the polycarbonates; between the polyalkylene glycols and the polysiloxanes; between the polyalkylene glycols and the polyethylene diaminotetraacetate; between the polycarbonates and the polyethylene diaminotetraacetate; or between the polyalkyl siloxanes and polyethylene diaminotetraacetate. (3) and/or (4) with different molecular weights are functionalized with bonding or co-ordinating magnesium salts or complexes. The dielectric spacers are cellulose. (2) of polymers are polyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylamide or similar polymers. EXAMPLE - Anode was prepared starting from metallic magnesium which was finely ground and sintered applying a pressure of 1400 MPa, thus a metallic film was obtained having the desired thickness. A cathode was prepared by suspending an intercalated graphite in a xylene solution containing dissolved polyethylene (10 wt.%), the solvent was removed from the obtained mixture to obtain a black, slightly gummy film, and subsequently converting into a sintered cathode at a pressure of 1400 MPa. An aliquot of dimethyl dichlorosilane (3 g) was reacted with polyethylene glycol (50 mol.% having molecular weight 400) in toluene for 10 hours in nitrogen to obtain a transparent polymer. After eliminating the toluene and the residue of dimethyl dichlorosilane in vacuum (10-3 bar) at 120degreesC, a thick liquid polyethylene glycol polydimethyl polysiloxane copolymer (A) was obtained for an electrolyte. (A) was dissolved in ethyl alcohol perfectly anhydrous. Separately in the same solvent a solution of delta magnesium chloride was prepared. The solution of (A) and the solution of delta magnesium chloride were mixed, the solvent was removed under vacuum at 80 - 100degreesC to obtain a magnesium-based polymeric electrolyte. The liquid polymeric electrolyte was used for impregnating a glass-fiber fabric. Practical tests were carried out on prototypes. The obtained polymeric electrolyte was acidified in the battery by P2O5 which enabled a voltage of approximately 2.2V to be obtained together with excellent reversibility, a high specific energy density and a considerable charge capacity. Thus when the magnesium-based battery (C) was compared with the lithium-based battery, it was found that (C) showed better workability, together with a good reactivity and oxide-reducing voltage, thus enabling efficiency of exchanging two electrons of 100%.