TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING - Preferred Devices: At least two, preferably at least 7, heat sources provide heat to at least one portion of the formation.Preferred heat sources are electrical heaters (803), e.g. surface burners, flameless distributed combustors and/or natural distributed combustors.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - Preferred Method: The superposition of heat from the heat sources pyrolyzes at least some coal within the selected section of the formation.The heat is provided by heating a selected volume (V) of the coal formation such that a thermal conductivity of at least a portion of the selected section is greater than 0.5 W/(mdegreesC).The heating energy/day (Pwr) provided to the volume is calculated by the equation:Pwr = h x V x Cv x rhob.h = average heating rate of the formation,Cv = average heat capacity of the formation, andrhob = formation bulk density.The heat is allowed to transfer to the selected section of the formation by conduction or by uniformly increasing a permeability of a majority of the selected section to greater than 100 millidarcy.The heat is controlled to maintain a temperature within the selected section within a pyrolysis temperature range (preferably at least 270 degreesC), and such that an average heating rate of the selected section is less than 10 degreesC/day, preferably less than 1 degreesC/day, during pyrolysis.Further, a pressure and a temperature within at least a majority of the selected section of the formation are controlled. Either the pressure is controlled as a function of temperature, or the temperature is controlled as a function of pressure. The pressure is controlled with a valve which is coupled either to the heat sources or to a production well located in the formation. Preferably, the controlled pressure is at least 2 bars absolute (preferably 100 bar).The formation conditions are controlled by recirculating a portion of hydrogen from the mixture into the formation such that the produced mixture has a partial pressure of hydrogen of greater than 0.5 bar. The partial pressure of hydrogen is measured when the mixture is at a production well.A pressure within the formation is altered to inhibit production of hydrocarbons having greater than 25 carbon atoms from the formation.Hydrogen is provided to the heated section to hydrogenate hydrocarbons within the section, and a portion of the section is heated with heat from hydrogenation.The produced mixture is separated into gas and liquid streams, and the liquid stream is separated into aqueous and non-aqueous streams.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Products: The produced mixture comprises condensable and non-condensable hydrocarbons having an American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity of at least 25 degrees.Preferably, a yield of greater than 60 wt.% condensable hydrocarbons is achieved, as measured by Fischer Assay.The condensable hydrocarbons may include 0.1-15 wt.% olefins, 5-30 wt.% oxygen-containing compounds (preferably phenols), greater than 20 wt.% aromatic compounds, less than 5 wt.% multi-ring aromatics, and 5-30 wt.% cycloalkanes.Less than 1 wt.% of the condensable hydrocarbons is nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur, and less than 0.3 wt.% is asphaltenes.The non-condensable hydrocarbons has a molar ratio of ethene to ethane of 0.001-0.15, and greater than 10 volume % but less than 80 volume % hydrogen.Further, the produced mixture comprises greater than 0.05 wt.% ammonia which is used to produce fertilizer.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Products: The produced mixture also comprises hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide which are further separated from the non-condensable hydrocarbons.