NOVELTY - Liquid phase mixture comprises polymer blend, aprotic solvent system to dissolve the blend, anionic surfactant to stabilize gel phase, surfactant solvent system to dissolve anionic surfactant and phase separation liquid miscible with aprotic solvent. Phase separation liquid promotes formation of solid and gel phases and precipitation of anionic surfactant at interface between solid and gel phases.    USE - For use in preparing microcomposite structure composed of continuous solid phase reticulated membrane loaded with a formed in situ continuous gel phase, and a solid phase anionic surfactant at the interface between solid and gel phases, used as anode, separator and the cathode of battery such as rechargeable lithium secondary battery (all claimed) used in medical devices, communication devices, laptop computers, microelectronic devices, aerospace and defense applications, solar energy applications, electrical vehicles uses and battery clothing such as battery vests.    ADVANTAGE - The mechanical, electrochemical and safety of the battery are improved. The solid phase surfactant powder is physically bound to the surface of solid phase structure, and causes the gel phase electrolyte to thoroughly wet the surface of reticulated foam. As a result, the gel electrolyte stays in the foam, even when the foam is punctured, hence continuous operation of battery is enabled. The rechargeable batteries has improved energy density and cycle life. The battery has very high gravimetric and volumetric energy densities and can be configured into any geometric configuration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The microcomposite structure is composed of continuous solid phase reticulated membrane loaded with a formed in situ continuous gel phase, and a solid phase anionic surfactant at the interface between solid and gel phases. The polymer blend is insoluble in phase separation liquid, and comprises polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene in the ratio of 1:0.05-1:0.6.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) preparation of microcomposite structure;    (b) microcomposite structure;    (c) battery;    (d) formation of battery; and    (e) separator system for rechargeable lithium battery.