TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Device: The electrochemical device also comprises a fuel source to chemically recharge the anode, and solid-state electrolyte (15) in ionic connection with the anode. It has also a solid-state cathode (16). The fuel source comprises reservoir of fuel.Preferred Component: The anode comprises metal having standard reduction potential greater than -0.7 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode. It also comprises sealant precursor for sealing flaw in the electrolyte.Preferred Property: The device is operated at 1500, especially 300-1300degreesC. The interconnect and the cathode have thermal expansion coefficients that differ by less than 30%, preferably 10% at temperature of less than 1500degreesC. The anode liquefies at 100degreesC. The tubular device is capable of an electrical output of at least 10, especially 200 mWatt/cm2.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Material: The anode comprises metal oxide or mixed metal oxide. The cathode comprises metal consisting of platinum, palladium, gold, silver, copper, and/or rhodium.Preferred Component: The solid-state electrolyte has a formula of (ZrO2)(HfO2)a(TiO2)b(AlO3)c(Y2O3)d(MxOy)e. It is preferably zirconium (II) oxide, (ZrO2)(Y2O3)0.08, (ZrO2)(HfO2)0.02(Y2O3)0.08, (ZrO2)(HfO2)0.02(Y2O3)0.05, (ZrO2)(HfO2)0.02(Y2O3)0.08(TiO2)0.1, (ZrO2)(HfO2)0.02(Y2O3)0.08(Al2O3)0.1, (ZrO2)(Y2O3)0.08(Fe2O3)0.05, (ZrO2)(Y2O3)0.08(CoO)0.05, (ZrO2)(Y2O3)0.08(ZnO)0.05, (ZrO2)(Y2O3)0.08(NiO2)0.05, (ZrO2)(Y2O3)0.08(CuO)0.05, (ZrO2)(Y2O3)0.08(MnO)0.05, or ZrO2CaO.The solid state cathode comprises tin-doped indium (III) oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, or zirconium-doped zinc oxide, preferably a perovskite-type oxide of formula Lax'Mny'Aa'Bb'Cc'Od'. The perovskite-type oxide comprises LaMnO3, La0.84Sr0.16MnO3, La0.84Ca0.16MnO3, La0.84Ba0.16MnO3, La0.65Sr0.35Mn0.8Co0.2O3, La0.79Sr0.16Mn0.85Co0.15O3, La0.84Sr0.16Mn0.8Ni0.2O3, La0.84Sr0.16Mn0.8Fe0.2O3, La0.84Sr0.16Mn0.8Ce0.2O3, La0.84Sr0.16Mn0.8Mg0.2O3, La0.84Sr0.16Mn0.8Cr0.2O3, La0.84Sr0.35Mn0.8Al0.2O3, La084Sr0.16MnO3, La0.84Y0.16MnO3, La0.7Sr0.3CoO3, LaCoO3, La0.7Sr0.3FeO3, or La0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3.a = 0-0.2;b-e = 0-0.5;x = greater than or at most 2;y = greater than 0 or at most 3;M = Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Zn;x' = 0-1.05;y' = 0-1;a'-c' = 0-0.5; andd = 1-5.At least one of the x', y' and a'-c' is greater than 0.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - Preferred Component: The anode may also comprise copper, molybdenum, mercury, iridium, palladium, antimony, rhenium, bismuth, platinum, silver, arsenic, rhodium, tellurium, selenium, osmium, gold, lead, germanium, tin, indium, thallium, cadmium, gadolinium, chromium, nickel, iron, tungsten, vanadium, manganese, cobalt, and/or zinc, and their alloy.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Fuel: The fuel comprises carbonaceous material, sulfur, sulfur-containing organic compound, a nitrogen-containing organic compound, ammonia, and/or hydrogen. The carbonaceous material comprises conductive carbon, graphite, quasi-graphite, coal, charcoal, fullerene, buckminsterfullerene, carbon black, activated carbon, decolorizing carbon, a hydrocarbon, an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, fats, oils, wood product, and/or biomass. The hydrocarbon material is gasoline, diesel, kerosene, methane, propane, butane, and/or natural gas. The oxygen-containing hydrocarbon is alcohol, preferably methanol, ethanol, propanol, and/or butanol.