NOVELTY - Hydrogen production apparatus has opposed positive electrode and negative electrode, and proton conductor composed which contains fullerene, carbon cluster and/or linear carbon structure and carbon material into which proton-liberating groups are introduced to at least part of carbon atoms, provided between electrodes.    USE - The apparatus is used for producing hydrogen and is used in electrochemical devices used to give electrochemical energy generating methods.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows production of hydrogen with good efficiency under low humidity atmosphere without use of humidifier or dehumidifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) Electrochemical device which uses a reversible reaction of decomposition-production of hydrogen and water;    (2) Hydrogen production method using device where water is supplied in vapor or gas state from at least 1 side of positive electrode, protons are generated by electrolytic decomposition of water at positive electrode, positive electrode protons are transferred from positive electrode via proton conductor and protons are converted to water at negative electrode; and    (3) Electrochemical energy production method using electrochemical device where water is supplied in vapor or gas state from at least 1 side of positive electrode, protons are generated by electrolytic decomposition of water at positive electrode, positive electrode protons are transferred from positive electrode and protons are converted to water at negative electrode, and protons are formed by decomposing hydrogen at negative electrode, protons are transferred to positive electrode from negative electrode via proton conductor and water is formed from protons at the positive electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the hydrogen production device. (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Positive Electrode (1)    Negative Electrode (2)    Proton Conductor (3)    Catalyst Layer (4)    Porous Separator (5)    Hydrogen Storage Tank (6)    Outer Frame (7A)    Nitrogen Supply Port (8)    Nitrogen Exhaust Port (9)    Hydrogen Production Device (10)