NOVELTY - Treating waste water comprising: (a) passing waste material comprising an insoluble component through an anaerobic bioreactor system, where the pH is maintained below 4.9 for period of at least 24 hours; (b) aerating the waste material; and (c) removing the insoluble component from the waste material before or after the aeration of the waste material, is new.    USE - For treating waste water, e.g. biological waste, i.e. faeces, sewage and household waste and commercial and industrial waste, i.e. greasetrap waste (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method is more efficient in the disposal or elimination of bacterial pathogens, to maintain the pH of the waste material below 4.9 for at least 24 hours when the waste material is being passed through the bioreactor system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Treatment of waste water comprising:    (a) passing waste material comprising an insoluble component through an anaerobic bioreactor system including bioreactors in series and maintaining the insoluble component as a suspension in the waste material, where the pH is maintained below 4.9 for period of at least 24 hours;    (b) aerating the waste material; and    (c) removing the insoluble component from the waste material before or after the aeration of the waste material, is new.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the faeces from an animal feedlot, or commercial or industrial waste, i.e. greasetrap waste, are delivered and converted to holding tanks.    Bioreactor (19, 21, 23, 25, 27)    Tank (14A, 14B, 14C)
NOVELTY - The abatement of gaseous fluorocompounds in a gas comprises injecting a fluorocompound abatement medium into the fluorocompound-containing gas. The fluorocompound abatement medium comprises steam, methane and/or hydrogen, optionally in combination with a catalyst. When the medium contains methane and/or hydrogen, the injection is conducted under non-combustion conditions.    USE - The method abates semiconductor manufacturing effluents containing fluorine and fluorine-containing gas. It also abates pyrophorics and flammable constituents, e.g. silanes and phosphine, in the gas.    ADVANTAGE - The injection of steam, hydrogen, and/or methane efficiently abates fluorine and fluorine-containing compounds from gases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a steam injection fluorocompound abatement apparatus comprising an elongate flow passage (24) for the introduction of fluorocompound-containing gas (12) at a first end for flow through passage to a second discharge end; a heat source heating the gas during flow through the passage to a reaction zone between first and second ends; and a steam source to inject steam into the reaction zone of the elongate flow passage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side elevational view of a steam injection fluorocompound abatement apparatus.    Fluorocompound-containing gas (12)    Cartridge heater (20)    Flow passage (24)    Fluorocompound abatement medium (26)    Steam entrance (30)    Cooler (32)
NOVELTY - A heat conductive separator (1) which conducts heat to a heating chamber, comprises projections and depressions provided on a portion (10) of the separator surface opposite to a combustion chamber. An oxidation catalyst is supported on the portion (10) of the projections and depressions.    USE - Catalytic combustor for heating fuel reformer for fuel cell used in motor vehicle. Also for use in other heating devices.    ADVANTAGE - The projections and depressions of the separator ensure stable combustion even at widely ranged flow rates and reduce the diffusion range of the combustion blocking materials. Reduces the risk flame failure. The pressure loss is less even with reduced size and weight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the catalytic combustor.    Heat conductive separator (1)    Portion of separator (10)
NOVELTY - A reformer unit (1) generates a reformate whose quality is monitored by sensors (5-7). A valve unit (12) connects the storage unit (15) to the fuel cell unit (4) and permits supply of fuel from the storage unit to the fuel cell unit, based on quality of the reformate.    USE - For motor vehicles (claimed). Storage unit used in fuel cell system is also used in other vehicles such as powered bicycle, ship, aircraft, train, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Supply of high quality fuel is realized, hence damage of the fuel cell unit is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Motor vehicle comprising fuel cell system;    (b) Generator unit comprising fuel cell system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Reformer unit (1)    Fuel cell unit (4)    Sensors (5-7)    Valve unit (12)    Storage unit (15)
NOVELTY - The use of hot bed of carbon based and/or containing material for the purpose of decomposing oxygen containing organic compounds, high molecular weight organic compounds, steam, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, and other undesirable compounds and/or gases.    USE - The gas producers and water gas sets are used to process trash, waste tires, rendering plant waste and other types of waste. The ash is useful as fertilizer (claimed). The fuel gas produced by the process can be burned to generate electricity, such as to power a ship, it allows for the recovery of liquid hydrocarbons. The hot slag can be molded into useful shapes for making patio blocks, frying pans,etc.    ADVANTAGE - The process is economical to operate because it generates value at the beginning of and throughout the process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for    (1) the addition of alkali carbonates, silicates, oxides, and/or hydroxides to fuels to lower the fusion point of the ash, and/or increase the usefulness of the ash for various uses such as fertilizer;    (2) casting of molten slag, molten ash, etc. into useful shapes such as patio blocks, construction blocks, frying pans etc.;    (3) a gas producer for the gasification/liquefication of trash, other wastes, where in, at or near its bottom, only air/oxygen and/or powdered, gaseous, and/or liquid fuels and/or their hot products are admitted so as to keep its bottom hot enough to keep the ash, etc. in a molten state;    (4) a water gas generator, drawing run gases off the top and blow gases approximately mid-height off the side of the water gas generator;
NOVELTY - Lanthanum is added to tin oxide outer layer. A noble metal catalyst is added to inner and outer layers.    USE - For gas detector (claimed), for detecting methane or LPG.    ADVANTAGE - A false report on detection of combustible gas and carbon monoxide (CO) is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas detector.
NOVELTY - The purification method of methane fermentation gas is new.    USE - For purifying fermentation gas containing methane from organic waste digesters.    ADVANTAGE - Methane gas is obtained at high purity. The process liquid can be easily regenerated in the regeneration tower enabling its re-circulation. The operating cost of fermentation gas purification is lowered.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Methane-containing fermentation gas (16) produced in a fermentation tank (14) is supplied to an absorption tower (20). The gas contacts an alkaline process liquid (22) containing an oxidation catalyst, in the absorption tower, and carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are absorbed in the liquid. Purified methane gas (24) is obtained from the absorption tower. The process liquid from the tower (27) is supplied to a regeneration tower (32), where the liquid is regenerated by oxidizing the sulfide, by aeration. Carbon dioxide is released from the process liquid, and the regenerated liquid (38) is returned to absorption tower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow diagram of purification of methane fermentation gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic waste (10)    Fermentation tank (14)    Fermentation gas containing methane (16)    Absorption tower (20)    Process liquid (22)    Purified gas (24)    Methane storage tank (26)    Used process liquid (27)    Regenerating tower (32)    Regenerated process liquid (38)
NOVELTY - A catalyst for carbon monoxide shift reactions comprises noble metals supported by a support which contains rutile-type titanium, zirconia and/or ceria.    USE - For carbon monoxide shift reactions, for use in exhaust gas purification of fuel cells for motor vehicles, and internal combustion engines.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst, even in a low-temperature region, can perform conversion to hydrogen (H2) from carbon monoxide (CO) with high efficiency in theory of equilibrium. The catalyst enables very high carbon monoxide shift reaction activity and space velocity which can convert CO into H2 with high efficiency even in high reaction condition. The grain growth of the catalyst metal exposed to high-temperature atmosphere, is effectively inhibited. Hence, removal of CO in the fuel reformation system of an internal modification-type fuel cell, is easy. Exhaust gas purification system reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) which converted CO in exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine into H2, utilized the catalyst for efficiently occluding H2.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a reactor (1) to form a gas hydrate slurry from raw material gas, and a water-removal device (30) to dehydrate the slurry. The water removal device has a physical dehydration unit to physically dehydrate the slurry. The apparatus has a chemical dehydration unit to hydrate raw material gas by reacting the water component in the gas hydrate with raw material gas, after or during physical dehydration.    USE - For forming a gas hydrate from raw material gas such as natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The number of high pressure vessels used in the apparatus is reduced, thereby reducing installation and production cost of gas hydrate. The handling of the apparatus is easy. The amount of formation of gas hydrate is increased and water content in gas hydrate is reduced. Gas hydrate with high rate of dehydration is obtained. Volume of gas hydrate compact obtained is increased. Storage and transportation costs of the gas hydrate are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas hydrate water removal device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the gas hydrate manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reactor (1)    Water-removal device (30)
NOVELTY - Water (SP) is sprayed into a gas hydrate formation reactor (1) containing a gas hydrate forming substance. The water and the gas hydrate forming substance reacts within the gas hydrate formation reactor to manufacture a gas hydrate (MH).    USE - For the manufacture of gas hydrate, such as a methane hydrate, by the hydration of methane with water.    ADVANTAGE - Gas hydrate of high concentration is manufactured efficiently at high speed. When the water is sprayed from the right and left within the gas hydrate formation reactor containing gas hydrate forming substance, a gas hydrate layer formed on the surface is separated. Spraying of water is continued, until unreacted gas hydrate forming substance reacts with water to form gas hydrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas hydrate manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus for the production of gas hydrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas hydrate formation reactor (1)    Water (SP)    Methane hydrate (MH)
NOVELTY - A bio gas such as methane ejected from liquid fertilizer production method, involves heating the liquid fertilizer in a fermenter (5) using the heat produced when maturing a compost (2).    USE - For bio gas production such as methane from organic substances such as sludge, organic refuse, livestock waste and agricultural residue.    ADVANTAGE - The bio gas is produced efficiently within a short period of time, by utilizing the natural fermentation heat produced when maturing the compost, and from organic substances such as livestock waste and agricultural residue. The bio gas production method does not require an electric power for heating, and hence the method is energy and resources conserving. The bio gas produced by the method is inexpensive, and is effectively utilized for house cultivation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for bio gas production apparatus which consists of a compost fermentation field (3) which ferments the compost, the fermenter which has a mouth portion for acceptance (4) of liquid fertilizer such as supernatant liquor from the compost fermentation field and waste, a heat conduction wall (12) which conducts an incoming radiation from the compost under maturation by the compost fermentation field, and heats the liquid fertilizer in the fermenter, and a collector (16) for collecting bio gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of A-A line of bio gas production apparatus.    compost (2)    Compost fermentation field (3)    Mouth portion for acceptance (4)    Fermenter (5)    Heat conduction wall (12)    Collector (16)
NOVELTY - The original heating gas is converted into hydrogen heating gas. The hydrogen flow rate in the fuel cell main chamber (34), is calculated from original heating gas and steam flow rates. The ratio of number of moles of steam and carbon atom in heating gas is calculated. The calculated values are corrected to preset values.    USE - For controlling fuel cell power generating device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen gas supply is controlled and hence operational efficiency is improved and operation is stabilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell power generating device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of fuel cell power generating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell main chamber (34)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is reacted with an oxidizing agent (I) and carbon dioxide. Carbon monoxide is formed and the unoxidized and unreacted waste is recovered. The recovered waste is oxidized with another oxidizing agent (II). Reserve oxidation is performed to form carbon dioxide, which is used for modification.    USE - For processing organic waste. Carbon monoxide obtained during processing is used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste is efficiently modified. Carbon monoxide is efficiently formed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste processing apparatus. Organic waste is modified to carbon monoxide in a modification container (3). Carbon dioxide is contained in a reserve oxidation container during the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing apparatus of organic waste.    Modification container (3)
NOVELTY - The drainage treatment comprises: (a) introducing drainage in an aerator holding active sludge; (b) applying mixing aeration to the drainage; (c) introducing the resulting mixed solution in a sedimentation tank; (d) applying sedimentation separation to the mixed solution; and (e) returning part of the separated sludge to the aerator.    USE - The drainage treatment is applied to organic matter-containing drainage and is used in sewage, excrement, process marine product drainage, drainage from food factories.    ADVANTAGE - The water-soluble cationic polymer has superior sedimentation performance with respect to active sludge in applying biological treatment to the drainage. The method promptly efficiently prevents the active sludge from flowing to treatment water. The amount of chemicals is reduced to allow treatment at lower costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A water-soluble cationic polymer polymerized by seed polymerization or emulsion polymerization and used as a precipitating medium is added to a path running from the aerator to the sedimentation tank.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell arrangement comprises devices (9, 10) for producing hydrogen and a fuel cell (15) for producing electrical energy by bombarding the anode side of the cell with the hydrogen produced and the cathode side with oxygen and/or air. The devices for producing hydrogen have means for chemically converting dimethylether into hydrogen.    USE - Used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Corrosion problems are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for operating a fuel cell arrangement.    Preferred Features: The devices for producing hydrogen steam reform and/or partially oxidize the dimethylether. The arrangement further comprises a fuel cell coolant circulation (30, 31, 32) by which the dimethylether used is vaporized before being converted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell arrangement. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Devices for producing hydrogen (9, 10)    Fuel cell (15)    Fuel cell coolant circulation (30, 31, 32)
NOVELTY - The motor has a fuel processor that processes liquid fuel into reformed hydrogen gas, a fuel cell stack for forming electricity from the gas and generating a steam byproduct and a water management system with a condenser, a tank for recovered water, a pump for circulating water to the fuel processor, a freezing tank and an outlet valve for outputting water from the water tank to the freezing tank to prevent freezing of water in the water tank.    USE - For an electric motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - A considerable level of efficiency is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The motor has a fuel processor (14) that processes a liquid fuel into a reformed hydrogen gas, a fuel cell stack (24) for forming electricity from the reformed gas and generating a steam byproduct and a water management system (20). The water management system has a condenser, a water tank (18) for recovered water, a water pump for circulating water from the tank to the fuel processor, a freezing tank and an outlet valve for outputting water from the water tank to the freezing tank to prevent water in the water tank from freezing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an electrochemical motor (Drawing includes non-English text)    fuel processor (14)    fuel cell stack (24)    water management system (20)    water tank (18)    air compressor (16)    burner (22)
NOVELTY - A gas processing plant comprises: (a) a refluxed absorber (103) operating at a first pressure, producing a bottoms product stream and receiving a feedstock and an absorber reflux stream; and (b) a distillation column (106) fluidly coupled to the absorber, receiving a distillation column feed stream, producing a distillation column overhead stream, and operating at a pressure at least 10 psi lower than the first.    USE - Recovery of a gas fraction, particularly propane, from a feed gas.    ADVANTAGE - High propane recovery (e.g. 99%) can be achieved. Energy efficiencies are very high. Ethane recovery from relatively high pressure gas can be significantly increased, with significant removal of CO2.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gas processing plant comprises:    (a) a refluxed absorber (103) operating at a first pressure, producing a bottoms product stream and receiving a feedstock and an absorber reflux stream; and    (b) a distillation column (106) fluidly coupled to the absorber, receiving a distillation column feed stream, producing a distillation column overhead stream, and operating at a pressure at least 10 psi lower than the first.    At least part of the bottoms product stream is expanded and provides cooling for the absorber reflux stream and/or the distillation column feed stream. The distillation column overhead stream is separated into a fluid portion that provides reflux for the distillation column and a gaseous portion that is liquefied and provides the absorber reflux stream.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic of a propane recovery plant.    Heat exchanger (100, 105)    Separator (101, 107)    Turboexpander (102)    Absorber (103)    De-ethanizer (106)    Pump (108)    Compressor (111)    Recompressor (112)    Residue gas compressor (113)
NOVELTY - The multiple of plate shaped fuel cells are connected mechanically and electrically with bipolar discs (4). Each fuel cell has an anode (1), a cathode (3) and an electrolyte layer (2) lying between the cathode and anode. A cathode chamber (8) is defined at each cathode and an anode chamber (7) at each anode. The bipolar discs (4) have recesses arranged in such a manner, that these form ducts (5,6) for the supply of operating material to the fuel cells or for leading away of the depleted material. Each bipolar disc has a further recess (11), in which a fuel cell is located. The dimensions of the further recess are essentially matched to the dimensions of the fuel cell. Sealing material (10) is provided which covers layer or strip shaped at least one butting edge between the fuel cell and the adjoining surface of the bipolar disc, in which the fuel cell is located. The cathode and/or the anode have such a thickness, that the cathode or the anode is self supporting. The anode is at least 0.5 mm thick.    USE - Fuel cells e.g. Producing electric current.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel cell stack type in which the sealing of the gases is ensured in an improved manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 shows a fuel cell stack which includes two fuel cells.    Self supporting anode (1)    Electrolyte layer (2)    Cathode (3)    Recesses (5,6)    Anode chamber (7)    Cathode chamber (8)    Strip type sealing material (9,10)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical cell, especially fuel cell, has a polymeric electrolyte membrane (3), at least one gas diffusion electrode (2) located nearby and at least one gas-carrying channel (6) which is bounded on one side by the gas diffusion electrode. At least one channel is provided for the gas supply and one further channel for the gas discharge, being bounded by the gas diffusion electrode and separate from one another. Numerous channels are formed for the gas supply and discharge, distributed over the gas diffusion electrode and located adjoining this so that a channel supplying gas lies near to a channel discharging gas.    USE - not given    ADVANTAGE - inexpensive, with uniform gas distribution in the gas diffusion electrode
NOVELTY - Fungicide and bactericide agent comprises amino acids and/or peptides obtained from waste or products of animal, vegetal or synthetic origin, having effective quantity of copper.    USE - In soil treatment, direct or pre-transplant bulb dipping (all claimed); for direct foliar use in agriculture; also in the field of integrated and biological fight to pests.    ADVANTAGE - The agent enables an optimum transfer of copper to the treated varieties with an extremely low environmental impact. The easy, greater and quicker penetration reduces copper dose. Also enables a copper activity not merely against the traditionally controlled diseases, but also against fungal and/or bacterial diseases usually not copper controllable. The application techniques like direct pre-transplant bulb dipping, not viable with the traditional cupric products, are also applicable. The drawbacks of known copper-based products such as pollution of soils underlying cultures, soil accumulation with possible injurious effects towards the soil microflora and fauna, danger of polluting potable waters and negative effect on agricultural product and treatment processes are also reduced. The agent provides novel alternative in the control of the fungal and bacterial diseases in crops with copper resistance phenomena.
NOVELTY - Cooled by a coolant circuit with a heat exchanger (10), a fuel cell unit (1) as a single cell with an anode (2), a matrix (3) and a cathode (4) is fed with operating gases via a pipe (21) on the anode side by a fuel gas feeder with a reformer burner (24), a reformer (23) and a gas purifier (22) and via a pipe (21) on the cathode side by an air feeder (19). Residual gases are drawn off via an anode outlet (5) on the gas side into a catalytic burner (25) and on the air side via a cathode outlet.    USE - In block-type thermal power stations.    ADVANTAGE - Constant forward temperature can be adjusted as heat reduction changes. Power and heat generation can be extensively separated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of a control process in a fuel cell block-type thermal power station. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat exchanger (10)    Fuel cell unit (1)    Anode (2)    Matrix (3)    Cathode (4)    Pipe on anode side (21)    Reformer burner (24)    Reformer (25)    Gas purifier (22)    Pipe on cathode side (21)    Air feeder (19)    Anode outlet (5)    Catalytic burner (25)
NOVELTY - A multi-stage preferential oxidation (PROX) reactor includes a flow-control element which pulsates flow of product-gas stream into the PROX reactor stage. A second inlet introduces an oxidant to the PROX reactor stage. An outlet removes the treated product-gas stream from the PROX reactor stage.    USE - The PROX reactor is used to provide CO free fuel-gas for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor consumes a minimized amount of hydrogen by the side reaction, and minimizes the quantity of unoxidized CO.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A PROX reactor for removing carbon-monoxide (CO) from a product-gas comprises PROX reactor stage(s) having a product-gas stream inlet end and a product-gas stream outlet end. A first inlet introduces the product-gas stream to the PROX reactor stage, and is located at the product-gas stream inlet end of the PROX reactor. A flow-control element pulsates the flow of the product-gas stream into the PROX reactor stage. A second inlet introduces an oxidant to the PROX reactor stage, and is located at the product-gas stream inlet of the oxidizer PROX reactor stage. An outlet removes the treated product-gas stream from the PROX reactor stage, and is located at the outlet end of the reactor.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a PROX reactor comprising introducing a product-gas into the reactor, introducing an oxidant into the reactor, pulsing the flow of the product gas, and removing the treated product-gas from the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagrammatic representation of the simple single-stage PROX reactor.
NOVELTY - A drying fermentation equipment is provided, which can treat livestock excrement by drying fermenting evenly and rapidly in an internal and external drying drum in only one drum. The process is conducted by transferring the excrement in shaft direction and by heating with burner flame at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the parts of a horizontal rotational cylinder set on two supporting frame (1) and made of three cylinders of an internal drying drum (4) set inner-mostly, an external drying drum (5) set at the middle and a fermentation drum (6) set outer-mostly; an internal drying drum (4) in which transferring impellers (4a) and distributing impellers (4b) are installed continuously; an external drying drum (5) in which transferring impellers (5a) and distributing impellers (5b) are installed continuously; a fermentation drum (6); a transferring screw (15) set at the center part at one end and is inserted into the internal drying drum (4); and a burner (14) set at the other end for heating the other end of internal drying drum (4), the whole cylinder being driven by two supporting rollers (2) and two driving motors (3) set at the bottom.
NOVELTY - A temperature control method of a vacuum drier and a device thereof are provided to vacuum-dry fermentable leftovers, and culture microorganisms conveniently by keeping constant internal temperature and vacuum pressure in a vacuum drier tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A temperature detecting sensor measures the internal temperature of a drier tank(S101). A comparator of a control box compares the detected temperature from the temperature detecting sensor with the set temperature(S102). The vacuum pressure of the tank is decreased with supplying air to a vacuum pump in case of the detected temperature to be less than the set value, and an air supply valve connected to a suction pipe is automatically opened with the control box to increase the temperature(S103). The suction force from the vacuum pump is applied to the tank in reaching the internal temperature of the tank to the set value, and the air supply valve is automatically closed for vacuum with the command of the control box.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for removing methane as impurities from hydrogen used for eliminating oxygen in argon is provided to prepare high purity argon, which can produce high quality steel by using the difference of melting points between methane and hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus is characterized by comprising the parts of: a thermal exchanger(1) with an individual flow way for H2 purified by coke oven gas-adsorption method and Ar(-186deg.C); a H2-thermal exchange plate(30) which is bent to have a slope on which many holes form and set inside thermal exchanger; an Ar-thermal exchange plate(40) facing the H2-thermal exchange plate and installed alternately; a store vessel(42) which is connected to the H2-thermal exchange plate and has a drain valve(44). The inflow gas, H2, is thermally exchanged with Ar(-186deg.C) through the H2-thermal exchange plate to be H2 gas of -186deg.C and is discharged, wherein the methane gas in H2 is completely liquefied at -186deg.C and is collected in a store vessel along the slope of H2-thermal exchange plate.
NOVELTY - Helium and air are circulated around the periphery of a fuel cell (2) through respective inlet paths (3,5). A detection probe (6) detects the amount of helium leaking from a permeable film (1) laminated on the cell.    USE - For detecting defects in the permeable film of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The existence of defects in the permeable film is detected precisely within a short period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of a helium leakage detector. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Permeable film (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Inlet paths (3,5)    Detection probe (6)
NOVELTY - Heating-cooling unit (30) is connected to hydrogen occlusion tank through couplings (15,21) to heat until internal pressure of hydrogen alloy tank is higher than atmospheric pressure. A switching valve (23) and an ejection valve (25) are located in the packed tube (22) to remove the gas in the tube by tank internal pressure. Then hydrogen is filled in the tank.    USE - For filling hydrogen in hydrogen occlusion alloy tank.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents mixing of air with hydrogen kept in the hydrogen occlusion alloy tank, as hydrogen is filled after removal of gas in the tube using internal pressure of tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen filling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the block diagram of outline of hydrogen filling apparatus. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    connecting couplings (15,21)    packed tube (22)    switching valve (23)    ejection valve (25)    heating-cooling unit (30)
NOVELTY - The device has a pipeline (31) to introduce hydrate forming gas into a device main body (30). A surface movement unit with hydrophilic surface is rotated within the device main body. A water film layer formation unit forms a water film layer on the surface of surface movement unit, and a gas hydrate removal unit (36) removes gas hydrate and water film layer formed on the surface of surface movement unit.    USE - For manufacturing gas hydrate such as methane hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - A gas hydrate of low moisture content is produced. The post-process such as dehydration can be simplified. Production, storage and transportation efficiencies of gas hydrate are improved. Running cost of the device can be inhibited. The gas hydrate manufacturing device has simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of gas hydrate manufacturing device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas hydrate manufacturing device (3)    Device main body (30)    Pipeline (31)    Surface movement unit (32)    Hydrophilic surface (32a)    Temperature control unit (33)    Water film layer forming unit (34)    Water spraying nozzle (34a)    Slit (34b)    Gas hydrate removal unit (36)
NOVELTY - The amount of metallic oxide catalyst is varied, such that the injection amount of heating gas is more than the ejection amount of reformed gas.    USE - For producing hydrogen-rich reformed gas from fuels such as hydrocarbon and methanol in the polymer fuel cells and phosphoric acid fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Delays partial oxidation reaction. Reduces temperature rise and reduces the concentration of carbon monoxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the fuel reforming process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A tumbling barrel (1) is divided into drying chamber (A), front stage fermentation chamber (B1) and post-stage fermentation chamber (B2). Rotation shafts (25a,25b) which are joined, are installed with stirring blades (31,32a,32b,33) separately in each process zone and their rotation is controlled independently.    USE - For fermentation of organic refuse such as livestock excreta, food processing residue and sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient fermentation of organic refuse with high moisture content. Improves overall process efficiency with high speed fermentation and quick drying of organic refuse with high moisture content.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fermentation processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the fermentation processing apparatus.    Tumbling barrel (1)    Rotation shafts (25a,25b)    Stirring blades (31,32a,32b,33)    Drying chamber (A)    Front stage fermentation chamber (B1)    Post-stage fermentation chamber (B2)
NOVELTY - An oligomer for microorganisms fixing supports comprises a main frame of polyalkylene glycol and with polymerizable double bond groups positioned at the ends of the main frame. Between the main frame and polymerizable double bond groups, a supplement structure consisting of a urethane bond, ethylene-oxy and/or propylene-oxy bonds, is formed.    USE - For forming microorganism support for biological waste treatment, sewage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The oligomer forms support that has improved holding capacity of microorganisms and high mechanical strength. The microorganism fixed on the support do not change or decompose. The oligomer is safe and does not discharge ammoniacal nitrogen, organo-chlorine compounds, dioxin or other environmental polluting agents and can be biologically degraded efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for oligomer-polymerized hydration gel microorganism support.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows graph of relation between molecular weight of main frame of oligomer and support volume ratio. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A collection unit collects temperature of an object, atmospheric temperature, pH, electric conductivity and data of moisture content so as to prepare a compost efficiently. A recording unit records the data continuously for transmitting a predetermined portion of data to the management system.    USE - Compost management system.    ADVANTAGE - High quality compost is produced cheaply by continuously monitoring and measuring compost maturation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a compost management system.
NOVELTY - A fuel modifier has a container (52) in which a heat insulation tube (4), a catalyst tube (56) and a combustion tube (58) are provided. Combustion gas from a burner (60) passes through the combustion tube. A spiral spacer (10) is provided spirally in the gap between the combustion tube and catalyst tube and the gap between the catalyst tube and heat insulation tube, so that the axial flow of combustion gas is changed to a rotational flow.    USE - For a fuel cell system such as a phosphoric acid fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell or a solid electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the difference in temperature distribution in the peripheral direction, as spiral spacers are provided in the gaps between the combustion tube and catalyst tube and between the catalyst tube and heat insulation tube to change an axial flow of combustion gas into a rotational flow and reduce deformation of the combustion tube. Improves reliability, as excess stress due to thermal elongation is prevented. Improves maintenance property, as exchange time of catalyst is long. Increases the modification efficiency, as a primary porous portion is provided in the combustion gas flow path and a secondary porous portion is provided in the reformed gas flow path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal section of the fuel modifier.    Heat insulation tube (4)    Spiral spacers (10)    Container (52)    Catalyst tube (56)    Combustion tube (58)    Burner (60)
NOVELTY - A stirring blade (2) stirs the organic refuse inside a treatment tank (11), and the organic refuse is degraded. A belt type spiral blade (23) is attached to blade (2) by a support arm (22) and rotated axially along the rotation axis (21) of blade (2).    USE - For processing fibrous and aggregated form organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Since organic refuse is stirred reliably and uniformly, organic refuse processing speed and efficiency are improved reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the principal portion of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Stirring blade (2)    Treatment tank (11)    Rotation axis (21)    Support arm (22)    Spiral blade (23)
NOVELTY - The carrier (12) for bioreactors comprises water swellable thermoplastic resin and another resin compatible with the thermoplastic resin. The degree of swelling of the carrier is controlled to 120-3000%.    USE - The carrier is used for bioreactors that are used for denitrification of organic waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Degree of swelling and specific gravity of the carrier are controlled within limits. Microorganism and enzyme denitrification reaction can be performed effectively using the bioreactor carrier. The carrier is cost effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (a) a method of manufacture of the bioreactor carrier of the claim; and (b) denitrification of organic waste water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic drawing of the nitrification denitrification apparatus containing the carrier.    Biological treatment tank (1)    Carrier (12)
NOVELTY - The water extraction and circulation path (2) of gas, gas heating deodorizing path (3), exhaust heat exchange path and cooling and heat insulation path surrounding deodorizing path, are provided in the processor filled with organic refuse. The organic refuse is decomposed by aerobic bacteria.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces energy consumption by utilizing waste heat from deodorant unit, and prevents influence of heat released from deodorant unit, on other apparatus, as it is surrounded by cooling and heat insulation path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow in water circulation path in organic refuse processor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Water extraction and circulation path (2)    Deodorizing path (3)
NOVELTY - Concentrated organic waste water such as livestock manure, is processed by biologically treating waste water in a fermenter (3), to decompose waste water and to isolate solid sludge such as excrement, and solid humus, from the waste water.    USE - For processing concentrated organic waste water, such as livestock manure.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively separates solid sludge from waste water. The microbial bed of spawn inoculated into the waste water decomposes and deodorizes waste water and effectively extinguishes organic substance into carbon dioxide and water. The method reduces sludge separation and prevents pollution of waste water. The fermentation ejects very minimal amount of compost with rich humus content with large soil fertilizing property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for concentrated organic waste water processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of concentrated organic waste water processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermenter (3)
NOVELTY - Waste water or material containing fats and oils, is purified by anaerobic treatment. The waste water is pre-treated with lipolysis enzyme derived from a microorganism to decompose fats and oils. The pre-treated waste is anaerobically treated. The higher fatty acid concentration is monitored and controlled in the anaerobic reaction system.    USE - For purifying waste water or waste material containing fats and oils.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables purification of waste water containing fats and oils with high efficiency by adjusting the temperature and the concentration of higher fatty acid. The organic substance in the waste is decomposed by the anaerobic organism in the reaction vessel. The decomposed product is recovered as biogas such as methane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing apparatus for purifying fats and oils containing waste water or material. The apparatus comprises a substance added with microorganism which produces a lipolysis enzyme or an enzyme which decomposes fats and oil, a pre-treatment tank in which the pre-processed waste is thrown, and an anaerobic reaction vessel. The apparatus further comprises a measuring unit to measure higher fatty acid concentration of sample collected from anaerobic vessel and a unit for adjusting the additional amount of microorganism substance. The value of higher fatty acid concentration of the measured sample is fed back.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of summary of anaerobic treatment process of waste water containing fats and oils. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Bio-gas processing involves performing aromatization of bio-gas containing lower hydrocarbon, in presence of catalyst, and producing aromatic compound and hydrogen.    USE - For processing bio-gas generated by fermentation of agricultural and marine product waste material or organic refuse, for recycling environmental organic resources such as organic refuse and livestock waste, and for producing both aromatic compound and hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently processes the bio-gas, removes sulfide in bio-gas, and simultaneously produces hydrogen and aromatic compound having high added value, such as benzene, with high purity. The method produces hydrogen with high value which is obtained as an expected source of energy, in the petrochemical industry from the bio-gas. The method is eco-friendly, does not output carbon dioxide, and hence efficiently prevents environmental problems such as global warming, when compared conventionally. The method also enables ideal and efficient recycling of environmental organic resources such as organic refuse and livestock waste.
NOVELTY - The oxidation gas supply apparatus which supplies oxidation gas to oxidation gas chamber of a fuel cell is stopped after stopping water supply apparatus which supplies water to oxidation gas chamber. The water supply apparatus is stopped after stopping heating gas supply apparatus which supplies heating gas to fuel chamber of fuel cell, during stoppage of operation of fuel cell apparatus.    USE - Fuel cell apparatus of photoelectromagnetic (PEM) type.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of hydrogen gas by electrolysis of water is prevented reliably, thus safe fuel cell apparatus is provided. Prevents accumulation of hydrogen gas in fuel cell after a shutdown.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operation stoppage method of fuel cell apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of control during stoppage of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A reformer (30) generates reformed gas containing hydrogen. Air and reformed gas are supplied to fuel cell housing (10) to generate electricity. Exhaust gas of the fuel cell housing is recirculated in gas flow path (40).    USE - Fuel cell system provided with reformer.    ADVANTAGE - As the waste heat of reformer is recovered, temperature conditions of reformer or fuel cell housing are adequately maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell housing (10)    Reformer (30)    Gas flow path (40)
NOVELTY - An automatic turning-over apparatus (5) turns over the compost to start fermentation, after supply of organic waste by the supply apparatus (3) to the fermenter (2), within 2 to 30 days, the compost is subjected to a primary fermentation period in which turning over is not done, a secondary fermentation period without turning up is set, and the compost is ejected by the discharger (6).    USE - The apparatus is used for manufacturing compost e.g. fertilizer using putrefactive, general and industrial organic waste, human waste, agricultural waste, livestock dung, domestic fowl excrement, food residue, sludge, processing residue of stock raising fish and shell fish, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Mature compost is produced automatically and easily within a short time using a fermenter, raw material supply apparatus, automatic turning-over apparatus and discharger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model showing the process of compost manufacture. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermenter (2)    Supply apparatus (3)    Automatic turning-over apparatus (5)    Discharger (6)
NOVELTY - Manufacturing compost comprises that wastes permeated material is supplied to a bark layer, under stirring, and the material is fermented and set as a compost, which is retrieved from the other side of the bark layer.    USE - The method is used to manufacture compost like livestock dung.    ADVANTAGE - The wastes permeated material is stirred along with fossils and sawdust. Hence fermentation is accelerated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing apparatus of compost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of compost manufacture. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The fuel cell comprises cathode side electroconductive separator provided with oxidizing gas flow path, and anode side electroconductive separator provided with heating gas flow path. The anode or cathode side electroconductive separator consists of a metal plate whose surface is provided with film of noble metal (such as gold, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, palladium, iridium or platinum) or its oxide.    USE - For use as power supply for electric vehicles and domestic co-generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The separator comprises metal plate made of stainless steel, therefore the cost of fuel cell is reduced. The thickness of separator plate is reduced, thus reducing the size of fuel cell. By forming film of noble metal or its oxide on the separator plate, the corrosion resistance of separator plate is improved, thereby improving the durability of fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The polyelectrolyte-type fuel cell comprises a hydrogen ion conductive polymeric electrolyte film provided between anode and cathode. The thickness of the film of noble metal or its oxide, is 30-500 Angstrom .    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the output characteristics of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The line (24) additionally includes an anion and cation exchanger (23). The ion exchanger (11) is implemented a cation exchanger.    USE - Equipment forming recirculated fuel - coolant mixture in a direct methanol fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - It is ensured that the ion concentration of the recirculating fuel/coolant mixture is kept below a level which is critical with respect to the membrane in an anode chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic flow diagram is presented.    ion exchanger (11)    anion and cation exchanger (23)    line (24)
NOVELTY - Ink contains a catalyst material, an ionomer, water and an organic solvent consisting of a compound of linear dialcohols having a flash point above 100 degrees C in a concentration of 1-50 wt.%.    USE - Used for the production of membranes coated with catalyst, membrane-electrode units and gas distributor substrates in PEM fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solvent is non-toxic.
NOVELTY - The storage unit (1), in particular, in the form of a silo serving for composting organic waste or sewage sludge comprises several vertical walls which are built up of wall elements (12) positioned in layers over a base element (10), and are supported on a socle (2) with several walls.    USE - In particular, for composting organic waste or sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Composting process is speeded up in comparison with known practices. The amount of labor involved is also reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the proposed storage unit.    Socle (2)    Base element (10)    Wall elements (12)
NOVELTY - Sub fuel cell comprises anode unit cells and cathode unit cells separated by a proton conducting polymer membrane with thin polymer films either side with openings for the unit cells and electrical leads, and two fuel-feed plates with spaces corresponding to the unit cells and interconnecting channels for supplying fuel to the unit cells.    USE - Used in scalable, all polymer methanol-air fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell is more efficient and lightweight than conventional fuel cells, and is a high energy, high power fuel cell that has a sufficiently low internal operating temperature that external cooling devices are not required. The fuel cell is an easily scalable design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell comprising the sub fuel cells stacked together.
NOVELTY - A process for preparing functional beverage and food containing menthol and astragali radix extract as main material in a specified ratio is provided. Whereby, the product has improved taste and flavor and the refuses are used for stock feed or fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Leaves of menthol and root of astragali radix are washed, dried for 72hr in a drier, pulverized, mixed in a ratio of 12:1, extracted with distilled water at 80deg.C and heated with distilled water 5 times by volume at 100deg.C for 3 to 5hr to produce a concentrated liquid. which is added with fructose liquid, carbon dioxide, citric acid or the like to produce a final product.
NOVELTY - A manufacturing method of a biodegradable disposable bowl is provided to minimize air pollution by not exhausting toxic substances in a process of incinerating food waste and to recycle the food waste for fertilizers or feed stuff by mixing the food waste with agricultural products having high bonding property such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, rice hulls and rice bran.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Raw material of a bowl including sweet potatoes, potatoes, rice hulls and rice bran are crushed and fermented in water. Herein, fermenting the raw material is for swelling a bowl well. The fermented material is picked up from the water and dried. After that, the dried material is mixed each other regularly and mixed with edible oil. The dried material contains about 10-19% of moisture content. The raw material is manufactured into a bowl in a specific die(A). The bowl die completes the bowl by raising the temperature up to 140-250deg.C. The bowl is pressed between the die frame and a press(B) and completed in a desired shape by the rising temperature. The completed bowl(C) is heated at a high temperature of 220-300deg.C and coated by vegetable property of oil. Finally, the bowl is pressed again. The bowl is made by cheap raw material and rotten out without causing any environmental pollution. In addition, the bowl has a high intensity for the bowl is coated by oil.
NOVELTY - A method for fabricating a porous surface protecting layer of a gas sensor is provided to be usefully used for warning and detecting the leakage of a methane gas for home and various industries by forming a porous surface protecting layer on a sensing film surface of the gas sensor and improving a gas selectivity of the gas sensor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A sol solution is fabricated using a sol-method, and then the sol solution is poured into a vessel to which an ultrasonic vibrator with 1.5 MHz is attached for generating an aerosol. The aerosol is conveyed from an aerosol generating device to a torch by a conveying gas such as an argon or a nitrogen, and an organic composition, solvent, and water of the aerosol is spread or evaporated when the aerosol passes the flame of the torch. A porous surface protecting layer is deposited, and the deposited porous surface protecting layer is processed by heat in a range of 500-1000 degreesC.
NOVELTY - A gasifier for carbon group fossil fuel and biomass comprises a biomass gasifier (122) downstream of a carbon group fossil fuel gasifier (100). A recuperator (132) is installed downstream of the carbon group fossil fuel.    USE - For producing fuel for a power generating plant, which carries out electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - High calorie gasified biomass gas can be mixed with low calorie gasified carbon group fossil fuel gas, producing gas of sufficient calories for stable combustion of a gas turbine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Heat accompanied by gasification of carbon group fossil fuel is recovered as water vapor, in the recuperator. The obtained water vapor is then supplied to the biomass gasifier for gasification. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) gasification of carbon group fossil fuel and biomass;    (b) a power generating plant; and    (c) an electricity generation plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a power generating plant using fuel obtained from the gasification of carbon group fossil fuel and biomass. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbon group fossil fuel gasifier (100)    Biomass gasifier (122)    Recuperator (132)
NOVELTY - A membrane unit (2) comprising a cylindrical hydrogen separation membrane (4) selectively transmitting hydrogen passing through void of honeycomb catalyst (3), is provided inside the reaction chamber (5).    USE - For reforming hydrocarbons, e.g. methane and methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The cylindrical hydrogen separation membrane and catalyst do not contact, and are mounted and removed easily, without forming pin holes in the membrane. Hydrogen separation property and durability are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the membrane reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Membrane unit (2)    Honeycomb catalyst (3)    Hydrogen separation membrane (4)    Reaction chamber (5)
NOVELTY - Aqueous ethanol solution formed by mixing ethanol and water in molar ratio of 1:6, is vaporized. Ethanol vapors are mixed with hot hydrocarbon gas in a molar ratio of 1:8, and the resulting gaseous mixture is subjected to water vapor modification in the presence of a modification catalyst and hydrogen-rich reformed gas is obtained.    USE - For reforming fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables the effective use of aqueous ethanol solution obtained from the fermentation of biomass. The method enables formation of reformed gas having high overall efficiency and high concentration of hydrogen gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the fuel reformer.(Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Gas concentration is detected from the resistance of a metal oxide semiconductor whose temperature is changed periodically, during initial resistance measurement, when the detected value of gas is greater than a predetermined value, the gas concentration is detected by measuring the resistance of the oxide semiconductor.    USE - For detecting carbon monoxide, methane, ozone, chlorine, ammonia or LPG.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved detection accuracy, independent of the gas concentration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart for gas detection. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The concentration of various organic substrates and micro-organisms in the sewage are calculated based on the change in oxygen utilization rate (OUR) before and after processing, also considering proliferation rate and survival ingestion energy rate constant of the micro-organisms.    USE - The method is useful for evaluating the sewage water quality for designing and operating bio-gas plants.    ADVANTAGE - Improves predictability of the amount of hydrogen sulfide formation in the bio-gas plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a composition chart of the organic substances in the sewage. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Moisture content is removed from organic waste (A) after crushing. Organic waste is supplied to stir chamber (7) of a stir unit (6) where organic waste is mixed with biodegradation microorganism (B). The microorganism performs biodegradation (H) of the waste material.    USE - For collection and treatment of domestic refuse containing various kinds of wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The metal has excellent biodegradation efficiency and domestic waste treatment is accelerated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Organic waste treatment equipment;    (b) Organic waste collecting motor vehicle; and    (c) Organic waste collection method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial sectional drawing of organic waste treatment equipment installed in organic waste collecting motor vehicle.    Stir unit (6)    Stir chamber (7)    Organic waste (A)    Biodegradation microorganism (B)    Biodegradation process (H)
NOVELTY - Fermentation processing apparatus comprising a decomposition tank containing liquefied organic substances which are aerated, where aerated organic substances are stirred by a stirring blade to carry out fermentation in the presence of aerobic bacteria, is new.    USE - To perform fermentation of organic substances such as food residuum, organic refuse, livestock dung, etc for producing liquid fertilizers.    ADVANTAGE - By aerating the organic substances, aerobic bacteria are activated. Hence liquid fertilizer is produced efficiently in less time. Effective usage of organic waste is enabled and liquid fertilizer with high value is produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of decomposition tank.    Decomposition tank (1)    Stirring blade (10)
NOVELTY - A honeycomb copper-zinc group carbon monoxide conversion catalyst is obtained by forming a precipitate by mixing a mixed solution of copper formate and zinc formate, and an aqueous solution of an alkali substance, followed by baking obtained precipitate.    USE - For a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The honeycomb carbon monoxide conversion catalyst has high activity than granular copper-zinc carbon monoxide conversion catalyst. Size reduction of carbon monoxide converter and reduction of pressure loss are attained by using catalyst for the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of a copper-zinc group carbon monoxide conversion catalyst.
NOVELTY - The refuse processing apparatus comprises a fine granule heat processing tank (10) and a decompose treating tank (20). Organic refuse is mixed with a particulate base material (17), and is subjected to stirring, drying and grain refining in the heat processing tank. The refuse is then decomposed using microorganisms in the decompose treating tank.    USE - For volume reduction of organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - High and stabilized volume reduction of organic refuse is carried out, without need for expanding the apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The refuse processing apparatus comprises a fine granule heat processing tank (10), where heat is supplied to the heat processing tank (10), through a heating apparatus (15) for drying organic refuse in the tank (10), and a decompose treating tank (20). Organic refuse is mixed with a particulate base material (17), and is subjected to stirring, drying and grain refining in the heat processing tank. The refuse is then decomposed using microorganisms in the decompose treating tank. Refuse from the heat processing tank is transferred to the decompose treating tank (20), through a refuse transfer opening (16).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a refuse processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory diagram of refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fine granule heat processing tank (10)    Heating apparatus (15)    Refuse transfer opening (16)    Particulate base material (17)    Decompose treating tank (20)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a carbonization unit (50) for carbonizing organic refuse output from drier (30). The carbonized refuse is cooled.    USE - For continuously carbonizing organic refuse of combustion gas to produce charcoal.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces contamination of atmospheric air or soil by carbonizing organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of organic refuse carbonization apparatus.    Drier (30)    Carbonization unit (50)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system comprises a gas production device for catalysis of a water vapor/fuel mixture and/or for the partial oxidation of an oxygen/fuel mixture to produce a hydrogen-rich medium, and a gas purification stage for removing carbon monoxide from the product gas of the gas production device with the aid of selective CO oxidation. The main flow path (1) of the medium (7) is split over the length into a first and a second parallel flow path (3, 2) and combining again. A flow deviating device (4) is provided in the first flow path to free or block the first flow path depending on temperature.    USE - Used as a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The system has improved cold start properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Operation: At temperatures below the prescribed temperature the first flow path is blocked and the second flow path is released and at temperatures of at least the prescribed temperature the first flow path is released.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the fuel cell system at low temperatures.    Main flow path (1)    Second flow path (2)    First flow path (3)    Flow deviating device (4)
NOVELTY - Cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical formulations contain (a) dialkyl carbonate (I) and (b) propellant, in which (I) has two optionally ethoxylated 6-22 carbon (C) alk(en)yl, 2-ethylhexyl, isotridecyl, isostearyl or 2-15 C (poly)hydroxyalkyl groups or one of these groups and one optionally ethoxylated 1-5 C alkyl group.    USE - The formulation is used as aerosol, especially cosmetic aerosol (claimed), e.g. deodorant, sun protection spray or hair gloss spray.    ADVANTAGE - Only a few oil bodies, e.g. isopropyl myristate and cyclomethicone, have been used in aerosol formulations. Dialkyl carbonates (I) are oil bodies also suitable for aerosols, in which they are dissolved or solubilized very well and homogeneously. In contrast to existing oil bodies, (I), especially dioctyl and dihexyl carbonates, feel very dry on the skin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical formulations contain (a) dialkyl carbonate of formula (I) and (b) propellant, in which (I) has two optionally ethoxylated 6-22 carbon (C) alk(en)yl, 2-ethylhexyl, isotridecyl, isostearyl or 2-15 C (poly)hydroxyalkyl groups or one of these groups and one optionally ethoxylated 1-5 C alkyl group:    R1 = 6-22 C linear alkyl and/or alkenyl, 2-ethylhexyl, isotridecyl, isostearyl or a group derived from a 2-15 C polyol with not less than 2 hydroxyl (OH) groups;    R2 = R1 or 1-5 C alkyl;    n, m = 0-100
NOVELTY - Fuel cell fluid flow plates are made by: (i) providing a continuous press with a movable belt; (ii) dispensing a sifted material on the belt; (iii) leveling the material; (iv) subjecting the material to pressure and heat; and (v) indenting the material with a predetermined pattern.    USE - For making fuel cell fluid flow plates.    ADVANTAGE - The method increases manufacture efficiency, improves quality, and lowers cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) an apparatus for making fuel cell plates comprising a press including upper and lower rollers (42, 44, 46, 48), upper and lower belt (50, 52) mounted to upper and lower rollers, respectively, and mechanism for applying pressure and heat; a hopper mounted to the press above the lower belt for holding and dispensing a material onto the belt to be formed into a product; a sifter mounted to the hopper and it includes a mesh screen for passing the material; leveler mounted to the press downstream of the sifter for determining the initial thickness of the material; and mechanism connected to the press for removing air from material; and    (B) a process for making a tool for embossing fuel cell plates comprising:    (a) forming a master element on a metal piece;    (b) forming thin copies of the plate;    (c) trimming the thin copies;    (d) welding the thin copies into an elongated strip;    (e) forming the strip into a cylindrical shape;    (f) forming a copy of the cylinder; and    (g) forming an embossing tool within the copied cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagrammatic isometric view of a double band press for making fuel cell plates.    Upper and lower rollers (42, 44, 46, 48)    Belt (50, 52)
NOVELTY - Light hydrocarbons are converted into heavier hydrocarbons and contaminated water is treated by converting a synthesis gas to heavier hydrocarbons; removing heat generated when preparing synthesis gas; and treating a water stream to remove contaminants using thermal energy provided by the steam generated in the heat removal.    USE - For converting light hydrocarbons into heavier hydrocarbons and for treating contaminated water, fuel for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method allows for greatly improved thermal efficiency of the combined system. It generates more steam than co-generation systems, and allows better economic performance when compared to a separate hydrocarbon conversion plant and a separate water treatment plant. It is able to utilize the large volume of low-pressure steam produced by a Fischer-Tropsch conversion system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Conversion of light hydrocarbons into heavier hydrocarbons and treatment of contaminated water comprise    (1) preparing a synthesis gas;    (2) converting the synthesis gas to heavier hydrocarbons having at least 5 carbon atoms per molecule;    (3) removing heat generated when preparing synthesis gas by generating steam;    (4) treating a water stream to remove contaminants with a unit using thermal energy; and    (5) using the steam generated in the heat removal to provide thermal energy for treating the water.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a process for converting light hydrocarbons into heavier hydrocarbons, treating water, and producing electricity; and    (B) a system for converting light hydrocarbons into heavier hydrocarbons and for treating water, comprising:    (a) a synthesis gas subsystem;    (b) a synthesis subsystem; and    (c) a water treatment subsystem hydrocarbon conversion system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram of a system of the inventive method.
NOVELTY - Preparation of a potential energy bioreactor comprising: (a) providing a flow pathway in the bioreactor having surface(s); and (b) feeding to the flow pathway, reactant particles and initial reagent(s) reactable with the particles during their passage through the flow pathway such that an energy potential difference is generated between the beginning of the flow pathway and its end, is new.    USE - For preparing a potential energy bioreactor for reacting feedstock with reactant particles immobilized in the flow pathway (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive process provides proper adjustment of actual spacing in the bioreactor and utilization of an appropriate flow rate. The reactant particles can be immobilized within the flow pathway without a locking mechanism of the prior art.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of a potential energy bioreactor for processing a reagent in non-aqueous or aqueous feedstocks with adsorbed reactant particles, comprising:    (a) providing a flow pathway in the bioreactor having surface(s); and    (b) feeding to the flow pathway, reactant particles and initial reagent(s) reactable with the particles during their passage through the flow pathway;    where an energy potential difference is generated between the beginning of the flow pathway and its end, the reactant particles become polarized and the polarized particles adhere to each other and become immobilized within the flow pathway, is new.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing one or more components of a feedstock to remove phenolic components from aqueous feedstock, comprising feeding the feedstock to the bioreactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a reaction system utilizing a spiral cartridge of a potential energy bioreactor.
NOVELTY - A growth substrate for microbial biodegradation of ether-based compounds comprising a fatty acid, is new.    USE - For microbial biodegradation of ether-based compounds.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive growth substrate is capable of producing rapid growth of bacteria in the aqueous system, thus facilitating the degradation of a methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) to innocuous products, e.g. water and carbon dioxide. It is non-toxic and water soluble, and can be used to manufacture the MTBE degrading microorganisms and to isolate the produced MTBE enzymes. The low cost and wide availability of lactate makes it an ideal growth substrate for use in large purification processes common to municipalities. The fatty acid results in rapid colonization and growth of a biomass incorporated in the bio-reactors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a bioreactor, comprising a vessel disposed for flowing a fluid; a fixed film contained within the vessel; a microorganism attached to the fixed film; and the growth substrate contained within the vessel; and    (2) a process for the microbial biodegradation of ether-based compounds in an aqueous system, comprising contacting the microorganism with the fatty acid to promote rapid growth of the microorganism and contacting the microorganism with the ether-based compound to biodegrade the ether-based compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the effectiveness in the biodegradation of methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) using fatty acid as a growth substrate as compared to other conventional growth substrates.
NOVELTY - Composting manure (a) comprising: (1) collecting (a) produced by animals; (2) piling (a) into rows, which are wide, deep and long enough to generate heat of at least 100 degrees F; (3) periodically turning the rows over so that a substantial portion of the manure on the outside of the pile is turned into the inside of a newly formed pile; and (4) adding sawdust to the rows on an intermittent basis, is new.    USE - For composting manure obtained from animals e.g. chickens (claimed) to produce an organic fertilizer, useful also as an insecticide.    ADVANTAGE - The heat generated in the pile, the periodic turning of the pile and the adding of sawdust disrupts the life cycle of insects attempting to breed in the pile, dries the pile out and reduces odors generated by the pile. The method also reduces flies generated by such activity and reduces insects breeding inside. The method is efficient, effective, economical, clean and easily implementable into a large farming operation. The method also produces an environmentally acceptable organic fertilizer with significant amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Composting manure (a) comprising:    (1) collecting (a) produced by animals in a structure housing animals;    (2) piling (a) into rows, which are wide, deep and long enough to generate heat of at least 100 degrees F;    (3) periodically turning the rows over so that a substantial portion of the manure on the outside of the pile is turned into the inside of a newly formed pile; and    (4) adding sawdust to the rows on an intermittent basis, where the animals are located in the structure, is new.
NOVELTY - Provided are a liquid and a solid fertilizer using organic living waste which have low production costs, help growth of crops and enrich acidified soil by reacting organic waste with calcined lime or dolomite.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production method of liquid fertilizer using organic waste liquid involves mixing ground organic waste with 30 wt.% (based on organics) or less of calcined lime (CaO), dolomite or mixture of CaO and dolomite for anaerobic digestion and distilling. The solid fertilizer is produced by mixing the remains after distillation with charcoal, clay, shell and herbal medicine and then fermenting.
NOVELTY - A food waste treatment equipment is provided, which can enhance fermentation efficiency by rapid separation of condensate from food waste and shorten the working time. The separated condensate drops to effluent chamber (7) easily through holes on the chamber (7) and the holes are cleaned by brush attached at the end of agitating impellers (4b). Air forced from rotation of transfer screw (8) is fed to fermentation chamber (1) through air supply line (11) without any additional air feed system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the followings: a round bottomed horizontal fermentation chamber (1) made of fermentation chamber body (2) that has an effluent chamber (7) at the bottom, a gate (2) at the side top and a water spraying line (12) at the side top; a horizontal rotational shaft (3) installed at the center part of the fermentation chamber (1) which has four agitating shafts (4a) and agitating impellers (4b), at the end of which brushes (5) are attached for cleaning holes (6a) above the effluent chamber (7) at the bottom of the chamber (1); an effluent chamber (7) in which a transfer screw (8) is installed and to which water supply line (9) and air supply line (11) are connected; and a load cell (13) that is installed at one side of the bottom of the body (2) for checking weight of food waste.
NOVELTY - A compost using inorganic and organic fertilizer, minerals and organic waste sludge as raw materials is provided to prevent environmental pollution, help growth of plants and enrich acidified soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The manufacturing method of compost is as follows: mixing 50-70wt.% of organic materials and organic waste sludge, 10-15wt.% of a promoter such as ferric sulfide, lime and polymer flocculant to be water content of 75%; adding 10-15wt.% of polymerizing catalyst and unslaked lime at 70-250 degreesC and mixing for 5min. to be water content of 35%; adding siliceous clay minerals such as yellow earth, dolomite, bentonite and zeolite and mixing for 5min to be water content of 20%; forming to granules and drying to be water content less than 15%; packing. The raw materials organic waste sludge, and organic materials and siliceous clay minerals are pre-prepared 1mm and more than 200 mesh in size, respectively.
NOVELTY - A fuel electrode layer (12), an electrolyte layer (13) and an air electrode layer (14), are sequentially formed on outer surface of a cylindrical collector (11) to form a cell (1). The methanol (21) in a fuel container (2) is supplied to the inner side of the collector through a fuel feeding pipe (3).    USE - The cell is used as a power supply for portable electronic machines such as mobile telephone and a notebook type personal computer.    ADVANTAGE - The cell provides a simple mechanism for pressurizing inert gas, so that the fuel is filled in a fuel container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective and sectional views of direct methanol fuel cells.    Fuel cell (1)    Fuel container (2)    Fuel feeding pipe (3)    Cylindrical collector (11)    Fuel electrode layer (12)    Electrolyte layer (13)    Air electrode layer (14)    Methanol (21)
NOVELTY - An air electrode layer (12), an electrolyte layer (13) and a fuel electrode layer (14) are sequentially formed on the surface of the cylindrical cell (1). The methanol (21) in fuel container (2) is supplied to the surface of fuel electrode layer, through a fuel feeding pipe (3).    USE - The fuel cell is used as a power supply for portable electronic machines such as mobile telephone and a notebook type personal computer.    ADVANTAGE - The cell provides a simple mechanism for pressurizing inert gas, so that fuel is filled in a fuel container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective and sectional views of direct methanol fluid cell.    Cylindrical cell (1)    Fuel container (2)    Fuel feeding pipe (3)    Electrode layer (12)    Electrolyte layer (13)    Fuel electrode layer (14)    Methanol (21)
NOVELTY - The methanol reformer comprises a methanol reforming unit (5) containing electro-conductive catalyst layers (38-42), and produces hydrogen gas by water-vapor reformation reaction of methanol.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas from methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The increase in temperature is achieved without using electric heater. The reformer produces hydrogen gas quickly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Catalyzed combustion units (14,15) burn methanol and/or hydrogen gas, and carbon monoxide selective oxidizing units (7,9) oxidize carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide by selective oxidation reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of methanol reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Methanol reforming unit (5)    Carbon monoxide selective oxidizing units (7,9)    Catalyzed combustion units (14-15)    Electro-conductive catalyst layers (38-42)
(FI200001342-A)   NOVELTY - An external oil or solvent (4) is used as a washing liquid (3) for dissolving the pyrolysis products in a condensation unit (2), forming a pyrolysis oil product which is insoluble in the washing liquid and a washing liquid product containing dissolved product compounds.    USE - Used for treating pyrolysis liquids obtained by burning e.g. bark, peat, certain grades of wood chip or waste wood or mixed fuel, especially burnable peat with a Post scale value of H6-H10 or mixed fuel containing a significant amount of plastic waste. The oily product phase which is insoluble in the washing liquid can be used in a fuel for a lime kiln in a sulfate bleaching plant. The aqueous product phase which is insoluble in the washing liquid can be supplied to the soda oven in an evaporation installation in a sulfate bleaching plant.    ADVANTAGE - A single oily phase is obtained, making the process particularly suitable for the recovery of pyrolysis products obtained by burning relatively high moisture content raw materials. The process is highly flexible since it can be adapted for use in conjunction with many different types of raw material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Treating pyrolysis liquids comprises the use of an external oil or solvent as a washing liquid for dissolving a significant part of the pyrolysis products in the condensation unit, forming a pyrolysis oil product which is insoluble in the washing liquid and a washing liquid product containing dissolved product compounds.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the treatment apparatus.    Hot pyrolysis gas (1)    Scrubber (2)    Washing liquid (3)    External oil or solvent (4)    Washing liquid removed from circulation (9)    Aqueous phase (13)    Oily product (14)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell separator (1) consists of a conducting material (A) and a binder (B). The separator is structured so that after applying 3.5 g of a sample piece cut from the fuel cell separator in 305 ml water and heating the water at 90degrees C for 500 hours, the electrical conductivity of the water is 50 muS/cm or less.    USE - Used for polymer electrolyte fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The separator has high quality and good dimensional stability. The elution of ions and organic materials is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising a number of elementary cells each having a pair of electrodes (3) with a polymer electrolyte membrane (2) arranged between them and a pair of separators (1) with gas feed/removal passages (4) and electrodes arranged between them.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the fuel cell.    separator (1)    polymer electrolyte membrane (2)    electrodes (3)    gas feed/removal passages (4)
NOVELTY - A system for recovering drinking water and hydrogen comprises using a part of the electrical current for supplying a household or commercial business and the remainder for recovering hydrogen by means of electrolysis; and further storing and converting into electrical energy if required.    USE - Used for supplying electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The system is operated with wind power and water can be supplied to areas having a lack of clean drinking water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A system for recovering drinking water and hydrogen comprises using a part of the electrical current for supplying a household or commercial business and the remainder for recovering hydrogen by means of electrolysis; and further storing and converting into electrical energy if required. The process water or cooling water necessary for the electrolysis is introduced in the form of seawater, brackish water, gray water or black water and is processed to drinking water in a cascade-like water treatment plant. The process water is processed in a second processing stage so that the electrolysis can be operated with it.    Preferred Features: The system can be connected to an electric current as well as a stand alone variant t guarantee a supply t the consumer. The hydrogen is stored at 30-300 bar pressure. The hydrogen is re-converted into electricity using a fuel cell or an IC engine.
NOVELTY - An organic fuel comprises a dried organic material ground to a particulate size of less than 300 mum.    USE - For jet turbines to produce electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is a non-oil fuel that can be produced with relatively minimal cost and without the loss of any British Thermal Unit (BTU). The burning efficiency of such non-oil fuel approximates 98%, which compares favorably to the burning efficiency of bone-dry wood at 80%. Although the non-oil fuel may of course be combined with petroleum products in a slurry, the inventive fuel is not combined with any other fuel to produce combustion. Such non-oil fuel may be ignited by a spark or by a natural gas pilot flame. The combustion of non-oil fuel does not produce harmful emissions in the manner of fossil fuel combustion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of producing organic fuel comprising (i) drying organic material and (ii) grinding the organic material into particulate form having a particulate size of at most300 mum.
NOVELTY - The method involves rotating the fuel cell about a rotation axis (5) perpendicular to the layered electrode-electrolyte unit at a revolution rate between 20 and 2000 revolutions per minute, especially between 50 and 500 revolutions per minute. At least one operating medium is fed via the rotation axis.    USE - For operating a fuel cell with a layered electrode-electrolyte unit.    ADVANTAGE - Enables an improved distribution of operating medium and an orderly increase in efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a low temperature fuel cell and a fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a fuel cell    rotation axis (5)    anode collection channels (6)    cathode collection channels (7)    fuel cell stacks (8)
NOVELTY - Syntrophic relations between bacterial consortium in a process fluid is monitored by adding acid to a sample of process fluid to bring volatile fatty acids to free acid forms, filtering the acidified sample, determining volatile fatty acids in the sample, and monitoring the syntrophic relations by evaluating the volatile fatty acids in the process fluid, is new.    USE - For monitoring syntrophic relations between different parts of a bacterial consortium in a process fluid in biological process plant, e.g. biological gas plant or waste water treatment plant (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method is reliable, time saving, and eliminates clogging problems. It provides on-line determination of individual volatile fatty acids in consecutive samples of process fluid without any manual sampling, centrifugation, or sedimentation. Thus, it enables unambiguous data interpretation and efficient control, with the shortest possible delay between process failure and operator response.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Monitoring of syntrophic relations in a process fluid in biological process plant, comprising:    (a) withdrawing a sample of process fluid from the plant;    (b) adding acid to the sample to bring volatile fatty acids to free acid forms;    (c) passing the acidified sample through filter to remove oversized particles for chromatographic separation;    (d) determining the content of volatile fatty acids in the sample using an analytical procedure based on chromatographic separation; and    (e) monitoring the syntrophic relations between different parts of the bacterial consortium in the process fluid, by evaluating the volatile fatty acids in the process fluid.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an equipment for carrying out the novel method comprising mechanism for withdrawing a sample process fluid from the plant, a mechanism for adding acid to the sample, filter for particles, and gas chromatograph.
NOVELTY - A reforming reactor (120) reforms hydrocarbon such as methanol to generate hydrogen-rich gas, used by a fuel-cell stack (200) to generate electricity using the hydrogen and oxygen as fuel, while a reactor (130) removes carbon monoxide and a combustor (140) burns excess hydrogen from the stack to obtain thermal energy.    USE - Generating electrical energy for a moving vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced generating efficiency of system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compressor (400) supplies air to the reactor (130), to the combustor and to the stack and an evaporator (150) vaporizes methanol and water. The generated electrical power is supplied to a motor through a power manager (210) and is also accumulated in a secondary battery (220).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the system.    Reforming reactor (120)    Fuel-cell stack (200)    Carbon monoxide reactor (130)    Combustor (140)    Evaporator (150)    Power manager (210)
NOVELTY - Waste is processed by pre-treating it to remove undesirable matter, and separating fiber waste and plastics containing matter from other wastes. The fiber waste is processed to a raw material for paper or board while the plastics-containing matter is processed to plastic oil by pyrolysis. Each process uses its by-products and remaining waste fraction as energy sources.    USE - For processing wastes e.g. source-separated dry waste from commerce, industry, and municipality, and unsorted mixed waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method maximizes the reclamation of materials within economic limits, and is self-sufficient in its energy consumption. It utilizes the recyclable components in an efficient and economically profitable manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste processing plant comprising devices for separating undesirable matter, fiber fraction, and plastics fraction; devices for processing fiber fraction to raw material for paper or board, and processing plastics fraction to plastic oil; and devices for producing energy using the by-products and remaining waste fraction from the processes.
NOVELTY - Waste containing fibers and combustible materials is utilized by: (a) slushing it in a continuous-operation high-consistency pulper to suspend the fibers in water; (b) continuously discharging fiber suspension and non-defibrable material from the pulper through a screen plate and a screw conveyor, respectively; and (c) sorting and cleaning the fiber suspension.    USE - For utilizing waste that contains fibers and combustible materials, e.g. recovered fuel processed from source-separated combustible waste (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method recovers a larger and higher quality portion than before of those fibers contained in waste, which, until now, has been either passed to incineration or taken to a landfill site.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Utilization of waste that contains fibers and combustible materials comprises:    (a) slushing the waste in a continuous-operation high-consistency pulper to suspend the fibers in water;    (b) continuously discharging fiber suspension and non-defibrable material from the pulper through a screen plate and a screw conveyor, respectively;    (c) sorting and cleaning the fiber suspension for use as a raw material in paper or board; and    (d) using the separated non-defibrable material and the rejects as fuel in energy production and/or as raw material.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for the above method.
NOVELTY - A plasmatron (10) receives exhaust gas from an engine or a fuel cell. A catalyst (22) is located at a position downstream from the plasmatron so that the catalyst is activated by hydrogen and radicals produced by the plasmatron.    USE - For use with fuel cells, diesel engines or internal combustion engines for generating hydrogen-rich gas to be used for hydrogenation in food processing application, in metallurgy and chemical applications and also for fuel upgrading in vehicular applications.    ADVANTAGE - By providing the active catalyst downstream from the plasmatron, electrical energy consumption in the plasmatron is reduced substantially with increased hydrogen yields and with relatively small CO concentration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of plasmatron catalyst system with several catalyst sections.    Plasmatron (10)    Catalyst (22)
NOVELTY - A process for preparing an organic material decomposing agent capable of producing digested feed and compost by decomposing within a short period of time is provided. Whereby, the agent can be used for treating food waste, human waste, foul water or the like.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - This organic material decomposing agent is prepared by the process consisting of: adding cultured soil bacteria and cultured intestinal bacteria of a domestic animal to a nutriment composed of cereal flour and vegetable fiber; mixed with supernatant liquid obtained by aerating pig excretions for a long period of time and granite powder; and fermenting. The intestinal bacteria of a domestic animal are obtained by inoculation of pig excretions into a thioglycolate broth.
NOVELTY - A microorganism having decomposability of organic materials and deodorizability and a method for treating food wastes using the same are provided, thereby easily decomposing the food wastes without smelling foul odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A microorganism Candida sp. 1220 strain (KCTC 8979p) is capable of decomposing organic materials with smelling foul odor. The method for treating food wastes comprises the steps of: sampling the feces and urine of domestic animals; suspending the feces and urine in tap water and growing the microorganisms in the suspension with providing air and maintaining the temperature to 30 to 50 deg. C for a week; filtering the solution containing grown microorganisms and adjusting the hydrogen concentration of filtrate to pH 8 to 9; separating microorganisms by cultivating the filtrate in nutrient agar medium; incubating the separated microorganisms in separate medium; adding the microorganisms into feed-stuff and feeding the feed-stuff to domestic animals; and sampling the feces and urine from the domestic animals and determining reduction of foul odor to select a microorganism having deodorizability.
NOVELTY - A method for composting organic wastes by using earthworm castings that have excellent cationic ion exchange function and specific surface area is provided to manufacture high-quality organic fertilizer without odor generation, and further this method does not need microbial-seeding because fixed microbe at earthworm castings is directly used in the composting process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for composting organic wastes by using earthworm castings that have excellent cationic ion exchange function and specific surface area is provided to manufacture high-quality organic fertilizer without odor generation, and further this method does not need microbial-seeding because fixed microbe at earthworm castings is directly used in the composting process. This method is characterized by mixing 30-70 wt.% of earthworm castings having moisture content of 10 to 30% with 30-70 wt.% of organic wastes.
NOVELTY - Provided is a method for producing high molecule polymer pullulan cost effectively using food by-products comprising high sugar contents.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for producing high molecule polymer pullulan comprises the steps of: inoculating Aerobasidium pullulans in a medium containing food by-products comprising high sugar contents and seed incubating them at 20 to 40 degreesC for 55 to 85 hours with agitating at 150 to 200 rpm; incubating the first fermented culture at 20 to 40 degreesC for 3 to 7 days with agitating at 150 to 200 rpm; centrifuging the fermented culture to obtain the supernatant, adding organic solvent into the supernatant, and centrifuging the supernatant to collect the precipitates; and dissolving the precipitates in distilled water, dialyzing the solution, and freeze-drying the dialyzed fraction under vacuum.
NOVELTY - Provided is a method for producing high molecule polymer gellan cost effectively using food by-products comprising high sugar contents.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for producing high molecule polymer gellan comprises the steps of: inoculating Pseudomonas elodea in a medium containing food by-products comprising high sugar contents and incubating them at 20 to 40 degreesC for 55 to 85 hours with agitating at 150 to 200 rpm; incubating the first fermented culture at 20 to 40 degreesC for 3 to 7 days with agitating at 150 to 200 rpm; centrifuging the fermented culture to obtain the supernatant, adding organic solvent into the supernatant, and centrifuging the supernatant to collect the precipitates; and dissolving the precipitates in distilled water, dialyzing the solution, and freeze-drying the dialyzed fraction under vacuum.
NOVELTY - A purification method of soil polluted by oils is provided to improve pollutant removing efficiency and reduce the time by adsorbing oil-decomposing bacteria and de nitrification bacteria on fibrous bacteria adsorbent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bioreactor filled with oil-decomposing bacteria and a fibrous bacteria adsorbent, which can be used at both high and low temperatures, is used to purify oil-polluted soil. For the fibrous bacteria adsorbent filled in the bioreactor, can be a synthetic fiber selected from nylon or polypropylene. The purification period is reduced greatly and the treatment period can be reduced even at low temperature below 10 degreesC.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generator (13) receiving steam from a steam generator (9) generates hydrogen by oxidation reaction. The practical and theoretical oxidation reaction conditions in a hydrogen generator are detected and compared to estimate the hydrogen generation condition. Based on the estimation, a controller (27) controls a raw material feed valve (7) and heater (11) of the steam generator to optimize hydrogen generation.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - By controlling the feeding of raw material, and heating of the steam generator, hydrogen is generated efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the modification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Raw material feed valve (7)    Steam generator (9)    Healing (11)    Hydrogen generator (13)    Controller (27)
NOVELTY - The process container (1) has a vertical heat conduction block (2). A spiral blade (5) is rotated inside the container by a drive unit (6) to stir the solid material. Thermal storage capsules (10) packed with thermal storage material are distributed around the blade    USE - For drying moist solid material such as inorganic material, coal chemical product, organic sludge and kitchen dust.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces exhaust process cost, due to uniform heating and minimized exhaust generation. Raises thermal efficiency, even under low drive power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block diagram of the thermal transfer type dryer.    Process container (1)    Heat conduction block (2)    Spiral blade (5)    Drive unit (6)    Capsules (10)
NOVELTY - The absorption material storage unit (1) comprises a hollow material with penetrating pores on wall surface, in which absorption material, which absorbs moisture content generated with carbon dioxide by decomposition of organic refuse by microbial cells, is accommodated.    USE - For storing absorption materials.    ADVANTAGE - Power consumption reduction and cost reduction are realized. Since the absorption material releases moisture content, dormancy prevention of microbial cells is attempted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of absorption material storage unit.    Absorption material storage unit (1)
NOVELTY - Nanoparticles (2) contain noble metals only or noble metals in combination with base metals. They are embedded in an aqueous solution of a temporary stabilizer based on a polysaccharide.    USE - The nanoparticles are used to prepare catalyzed ionomer membranes, gas diffusion electrodes and membrane electrode assemblies having a total platinum (Pt) loading of less than 0.5 mg Pt/cm2 for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. They are also used for the preparation of supported electrocatalysts on a conductive carbon support with a noble metal content of 10-80 wt.% with respect to the total weight of the supported electrocatalyst. (All claimed.)    ADVANTAGE - The noble metal-containing nanoparticles form stable solutions over a long time because of the temporary stabilizer and contain only marginal amounts of impurities (halogen ions, alkali metal ions, or borate), which are insignificant for use in fuel cells. They can be prepared in aqueous medium without the addition of organic solvents. The temporary stabilizer can be completely removed without damaging the PEM (1).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a process for preparing nanoparticles comprising reducing, using a reducing agent, the precursor compounds for the desired noble metals and optionally the base metals with a total chlorine concentration of less than 500 ppm in an aqueous solution in the presence of the polysaccharide; and (B) a process for the catalytic coating of ionomer membranes or preparation of carbon-supported electrocatalysts using noble metal nanoparticles comprising after application of the noble metal nanoparticles, removal of the polysaccharide by breaking the glycosidic bonds in the presence of acids or alkalis.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a polymer electrolyte membrane directly catalyzed with nanoparticles.    Polymer electrolyte membrane (1)    Nanoparticles (2)
NOVELTY - Operating a device for reacting a hydrocarbon fuel with water and air comprises using a reactor having a reaction chamber with an inlet and an outlet and catalyst beds; feeding a first stream comprising a lean mixture of fuel and air through the reactor; reacting the mixture to heat the catalyst beds; feeding a second stream comprising a fuel-rich mixture of fuel, air and vapor through the reactor; and reacting the rich mixture to produce hydrogen.    USE - Used for operating a fuel processor, partial oxidation processes and steam reforming processes.    ADVANTAGE - The formation of carbon in the reactor is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: Before introducing the second stream the delivery of the lean mixture is stopped and the reactor rinsed with vapor. The delivery of the second stream further comprises adjusting the amount of fuel and air relative to each other in the first stream and adding vapor to the first stream to form the second stream. The catalyst beds are arranged between the inlet and outlet of the reaction chamber. Air is introduced to the reactor and the first stream is delivered by adding fuel to the air.
NOVELTY - A high temperature cell (30) for synthesis gas production has a chamber (31) with an air inlet (2) and a chamber (33) with a synthesis gas outlet (4), with an ion- and electron-conductive ITM ceramic separator wall (12) for oxidizing the fuel feed to chamber (33) with O2 separated from the air so as to yield synthesis gas. There is an additional chamber (32) which has an additional separator wall (131) and also an O2 outlet (2').    USE - Joint production of synthesis gas and O2 allowing feed to a SOFC fuel cell for electricity production (see also DE10035425.    ADVANTAGE - A single unit is provided which can produce O2 in addition to the synthesis gas, thus making more efficient use of fuels such as natural gas and allowing electricity production in a high-temperature unit. Further, the H2 : CO ratio of the synthesis as obtained is at an optimal value for methanol synthesis.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cell for synthesis gas production along with separate O2 recovery.    Cell (30)    Concentric cells (31,32,33)    Cell outer wall (130)    Separating walls (131,132)    Gas-permeable electrodes (A,K)
NOVELTY - Reactor comprises packed bed of supported catalyst (precursor) with a catalytically active metal (precursor) surface. The packed bed has a void content of more than 50%, and a specific surface area of more than 10 cm2/cm3, calculated as the total external surface area of the particles relative to the bed volume.    USE - For chemical conversion, preferably for preparation of hydrocarbons from syngas by contacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - In currently used shell catalyst, the catalytically active metal is only present on the outside of the particles, which results in a low catalyst loading in the reactor. This causes low productivity, although use of smaller particles increases the pressure drop through the catalyst bed. The novel reactor uses a shell catalyst in a packed bed with attractive economics and improved activity and selectivity, with minimized formation of low value methane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a packed bed of catalyst or supported catalyst precursor for use in a reactor as above.
NOVELTY - Procedure for selecting copolymers having a specific affinity for a specified protist and the copolymers so selected.    USE - The copolymers are used to bind to and capture the given protist, for detection, elimination or extraction for exploitation. The most preferred composition is specifically selective for Alexandrium minutum.    ADVANTAGE - The copolymers provide a cost effective method of detection of protists and a means of selectively removing them from water, especially sea water without adverse environmental effects.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises the steps of (a) synthesis of a library of insoluble copolymers by random substitution of a synthetic polymer with aminated acids or their derivatives to produce mimetic of peptides or peptide derivatives, (b) preparation of a culture of the given protist, (c) contacting the polymers with a fraction of the cell culture and (d) selecting and identifying those copolymers which show a specific affinity for the protist. The copolymers may be used as fibers or a membrane in a water filtration device for the selective removal of the protist.
NOVELTY - A relatively less volatile component from a multi component feed gas is recovered by generating a top reflux through processing the side draw obtained from a cryogenic distillation column.    USE - For recovering relatively less volatile components, e.g. ethane, propane, propylene and heavier liquids, from multicomponent hydrocarbon feed gas.    ADVANTAGE - The process is efficient and economical. It provides additional flexibility to the plant operator to adjust to market conditions without requiring major process scheme changes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recovery of relatively less volatile components from a multi component feed gas, while rejecting relatively more volatile components as a residue gas via a cryogenic distillation column, involves generating a reflux to the distillation column by:    (i) obtaining a first liquid stream from the column via a side liquid draw;    (ii) processing the first liquid stream to generate a first vapor stream; and    (iii) cooling the first vapor stream and then directing the cool first vapor stream to the upper portion of the distillation column as a reflux.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for recovering relatively less volatile components from a multi-component feed gas comprising:    (i) a distillation column having feed and recovery trays;    (ii) apparatus for introducing a cooled feed gas condensate into the distillation column at the feed trays; and    (iii) apparatus for processing the side liquid or vapor draw from the distillation column to generate reflux stream for the distillation column.
NOVELTY - A methane gas sensor is provided to maintain a methane detecting characteristic regardless of change in temperature and moisture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A detecting material powder and an organic binder are mixed at a ratio of 1:1 to form a detect unit (20). The mixture is printed on an alumina substrate (10) at a thickness of 50 microns. The printed pattern is dried at 100degreesC for 24 hours. Then, the pattern is heat-treated at a temperature of 600degreesC for 30 minutes. On the other surface of the alumina substrate, RuO2 heater (50) is printed for a thickness of 20 microns. After forming an electrode (30), a lead (40) is withdrawn from the electrode. A filter material powder is mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1:1 to form a filter unit (60). The mixture is painted on the detect unit for a thickness of 1 mm by using a brush. The detection unit is completely covered by the filter material for other gases than methane gas to pass the filter material.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen filling velocity varying unit provided in the connection passage between hydrogen supply source and hydrogen tank, detects the pressure inside the tank and controls pressure of the tank and increases the speed of hydrogen filling process, accordingly.    USE - For hydrogen motor vehicle, fuel battery electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Heat generation in the hydrogen tank can be eliminated and rapid filling of hydrogen can be performed easily, by suppressing temperature rise.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view illustrating the component of hydrogen filling velocity variable unit.
NOVELTY - Non-flammable materials are classified, and removed from waste containing garbage, cloth, paper and plastics. The flammable materials are crushed, sprayed with cold water, kneaded and compression molded to obtain a solid fuel.    USE - For the formation of refuse solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of dioxins and unpleasant odors during refuse solid fuel combustion is controlled by spraying a deodorizer or an insect repellent with the water. The fuel composition is simple. Kneading is performed without excessive rise in temperature and dust accumulation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus.    Kneading machine (1)    Sprinkler nozzle (2)    Water supply pipe (3)
NOVELTY - An insulation tube (4), a catalyst tube (56) and a combustion tube (58) are provided in a container (52). The gap between the combustion tube and the catalyst tube and the gap between the catalyst tube and insulation tube are connected. Combustion gas from a burner (60) passes through the combustion tube. The upper portion of the insulation tube, catalyst tube and combustion tube are supported by the container. Fuel introduced into the catalyst tube is reformed.    USE - For reforming fuel used in fuel cells, e.g. phosphoric acid type fuel cells, molten carbonate type fuel cells or solid electrolyte fuel cells, in electricity generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - Improves thermal durability, as deformation and damage by thermal stress are prevented because the container supports the upper portion of the insulation tube and catalyst tube. Prevents leakage of combustion gas and maintains reforming property as the lower portion of the insulation tube and bottom portion upper face of the container are sealed with an expansion joint.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal section of the fuel reformer.    Insulation tube (4)    Container (52)    Catalyst tube (56)    Combustion tube (58)    Burner (60)
NOVELTY - The injector (A) includes a pressure vessel (3) provided with a cylinder (1) and an end plate (2). A fine powder coal supply nozzle (2) is attached to center of end plate. Several hydrogen and oxygen burners (50) are detachedly fixed around fine powder coal supply nozzle.    USE - For coal hydrogenation gasifier.    ADVANTAGE - Improves durability by providing burners and supply nozzle to pressure vessel, thereby continuous and stable operation is attained. Since hydrogen and oxygen burners which are detachedly fixed around fine powder coal supply nozzle, maintenance operation is made simple. Exact flow control for each burner is performed, thereby operation efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of coal hydrogenation gasifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of injector apparatus.    Cylinder (1)    End plate (2)    Pressure vessel (3)    Burners (50)    Injector (A)
NOVELTY - The waste plastic (3) mixed with coal is inserted to the lower part of coke oven chamber (6). Then, coal (4) is added and dry distilled to form coke.    USE - For manufacturing coke using waste plastic ejected for industries.    ADVANTAGE - The raw gas pressure is reduced during initial stage of coke dry distillation. The waste plastic is recycled effectively and the environmental pollution is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows summary of insertion method of coke and waste plastic to coke oven.    Waste plastic (3)    Coal (4)    Coke oven chamber (6)
NOVELTY - A fertilizer production system (10) comprises an EM fermented organic refuse collector-grinder unit (11), a pre-drier (12) for drying ground organic refuse using hydraulic pressure from a dam, a carbonizer-drier (13) for carbonizing pre-dried organic refuse, and a blender (16) for blending carbonized organic refuse with EM microbe.    USE - For production of fertilizer for improving soil fertility, in farm houses.    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer production system is simple, and effectively and economically produces fertilizer mixed with EM microbe. The carbonizer effectively carbonizes organic refuse by utilizing hydraulic pressure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (i) fertilizer production, which involves grinding EM fermented organic refuse, pre-drying ground refuse using hydraulic pressure, carbonizing and blending refuse with EM microbe;    (ii) a carbonizer, which comprises a container containing a fertilizer raw material is sealed with a seal gas, maintained at high pressure atmosphere using hydraulic pressure and heated; and    (iii) a carbonization method, which involves utilizing the carbonizer to carbonize the fertilizer raw material contained in sealed container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram showing the fertilizer production system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fertilizer production system (10)    Collector-grinder unit (11)    Pre-drier (12)    Carbonizer-drier (13)    Blender (16)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is fermented in an anaerobic fermenter (16). The liquid and solid contents from the fermented organic waste is separated by a solid-liquid separator (26). The solid contents are oxidized in an oxidation tank (32) which is then heated in a heater (50). Then, flash vaporization process is performed on the heated solid for removing moisture content.    USE - For processing organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains fertilizer of good quality with reduced moisture content. Continuous processing of the organic waste becomes easier. Eliminates the need of external energy for processing. Prevents loss of nitrogen in the fertilizer by adding phosphoric acid, during fermentation process or liquid-solid separation process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of the organic waste processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Anaerobic fermenter (16)    Solid-liquid separator (26)    Oxidation tank (32)    Heater (50)
NOVELTY - Fermented additive is manufactured by adding moisture content regulator to dry organic substance, for regulating and adjusting moisture content of organic waste to 30% or 60%. Then, 0.5% or more of microorganism raw material are added to the obtained organic waste, and the total mixture is set to 100%.    USE - For manufacturing fermented additive from organic waste such as food waste material and livestock waste material, for use as fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient manufacture of fermented additive, with fermentation process performed by shielding from irradiation of direct rays, without requiring special fermentation plant or special installation/apparatus. The fermented additive is obtained by a very simple process within a short time in a simple fermentation environment, by utilizing organic decomposing microbes and simple plant which can increase the concentration of the additive to a higher level. The effect and ability of the viable cell ratio of the additive is maintained highly. The rice bran utilized as moisture content regulator, efficiently performs the moisture content regulation process. The food waste material and rice bran mixture will effect multiplicatively as microorganism culture medium. The method enables effective acceleration of fermentation process, within a short time. The method even utilizes scum, such as soybean boiled liquid, vegetable, fruits and fish, for the fermentation process. The fermentation additive contains only natural substances/materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fermented additive is manufactured by adding moisture content regulator to dry organic substance, for regulating and adjusting moisture content of organic waste to 30% or 60%. Then, 0.5% or more of microorganism raw material are added to the obtained organic waste, and the total mixture is set to 100%. Further, the organic waste is fermented for preset time, by shielding from irradiation of direct rays.
NOVELTY - Rhodococcus type microorganisms decomposes an aromatic compound containing a carbon source.    USE - For decomposing aromatic compounds, in waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The novel Rhodococcus microbe effectively decompose aromatic compounds, during waste water treatment. The Rhodococcus has high industrial utility, especially in waste water treatments. The decomposition/bio-treatment of aromatic compounds utilizing Rhodococcus is simple and economical, and has improved processing velocity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for decomposition of aromatic compound, which involves contacting a solution containing the aromatic compound, with Rhodococcus.
NOVELTY - The injection velocity of organic waste into the furnace is controlled, such that the primary amount of combustion air is fixed. The ejection velocity of carbonized material from the furnace is controlled, such that the internal pressure of the air supply duct (8) of the primary combustion air is fixed.    USE - For operating a vertical self-sustained combustion-type carbonization furnace which is used for carbonizing organic waste, e.g. paper sludge, livestock dung, dregs, sewage sludge, juice or tea.    ADVANTAGE - The combustion condition of refinement zone is stabilized. Good quality carbonized material can be manufactured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical self-sustained combustion-type carbonization furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Air supply duct (8)
NOVELTY - The use of bacteria in the preparation of a foliar composition (I) based on vegetable material and algal cream, is new.    USE - (I) is applied to cultured plants, to improve the production yield of the plants (claimed). Typically (I) is used in forestry, horticulture, viniculture, market gardening, maize or cereal growing, grazing land or green spaces. (I) is classified as NPK foliar fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - (I) has beneficial effects on the leaves, the soil and the roots, while minimizing the effects on the environment. The triple action on the leaves, soil and roots is not obtainable in analogous bacteria-free compositions. In particular the bacteria promote the conversion of energy from fertilizing components in the soil by the roots, and reduce the need for addition of fertilizer to the soil. In the leaves (I) has wetting, surfactant, cell wall opening, penetrating and fertilizing actions. In the soil (I) adjusts the calcium oxide-magnesium oxide-trace element ratios and the surface pH, 'biodynamizes' the soil with bacteria, improves fixing of nutrients by clay-humus complex (dispersant effect), prevents erosion and leaching of active components and improves the porosity. In the roots (I) 'dynamizes' the rhizosphere with respect to bacterial, aminoacids and growth hormones, provides NPK fertilization and improves drought resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a foliar composition (I) based on vegetable material, algal cream and bacteria.
NOVELTY - A bipolar current collector separator comprises a metal plate having flow channels and contact faces that come into contact with electrodes or collectors. A corrosion-resistant layer is disposed on each flow channel.    USE - Fuel cell e.g., on-vehicle fuel cell for an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The metal bipolar current collector separator is excellent in corrosion resistance. A fuel cell using the separator has high stability of electric generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fragment of a fuel cell using the separator.    Separator (51)    Anodized aluminum layer (61)    Conductive film (71)    Flow channel (81)
NOVELTY - The contact creation device has a membrane electrode device to make contact with two counter-posed bent metal sheets, by applying even pressure.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - This device can take on the distribution function of working resources. The number of components is reduced together with the costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Two counter-posed metal sheets (B) fit either side of a membrane electrode device (4-6). A contact link (7) forms a current tap at the ends of the sheets. After the sheets are pressed together at the ends, they contact a cathode (5) or anode (6). When inserted into a frame (A), the position of the electrodes (5,6) and the membrane (4) is fixed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross section of two counter-posed bent metal sheets, between which a membrane electrode device is fitted.    Frame (A)    Counter-posed metal sheet (B)    Membrane electrode device (4-6)    Cathode (5)    Anode (6)    Contact link (7)
NOVELTY - The multi-components gas infrared monitoring system for simultaneously and continuously monitoring the content of one or several kinds of gas components of CO, CO2, SO2, NOx, CH4 and O2, etc. in the mixed gases of flue gas, kiln gas, furnace gas and semi-water gas, etc., comprises anti-clogging gas-collecting probe, multi-channel fast-freezing gas water-removing portion, multi-components heteronuclear gas infrared analyzer and PLC program logic and communication module (controller).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anti-clogging gas-collecting probe includes high-temperature wear-resistant corundum ceramics air-pumping tube and high fine silicon carbide filter, and the multi-channel fast-freezing gas water-removing portion includes several heat-exchanges, electromagnetic valve, refrigeration compressor, vacuum generator and air pump.
NOVELTY - Production of a hydrogen and nitrogen mixture involves the dissociation of gaseous ammonia in the dissociation unit of a cracker (4). The dissociation unit comprises a catalyst bed containing aluminum oxide pellets deposited with an active catalyst metal chosen from nickel, ruthenium, or platinum. The hydrogen and nitrogen mixture formed is supplied to a fuel cell (6).    USE - For the production of a hydrogen and nitrogen mixture from gaseous ammonia. The produced hydrogen is used as a fuel in a fuel cell, especially an alkaline fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen as fuel for a fuel cell, is produced efficiently from an ammonia source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of a hydrogen and nitrogen mixture from gaseous ammonia, involves bypassing a gaseous ammonia stream to a dissociation unit of an ammonia cracker (4) to dissociate the stream to a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen at 500-750 degrees C. The dissociation unit comprises a catalyst bed containing aluminum oxide pellets deposited with an active catalyst metal chosen from nickel, ruthenium, or platinum. The hydrogen and nitrogen mixture is supplied to a fuel cell (6), and a portion of off gas of hydrogen electrode (6b) is fed into a heating unit (5) of cracker (4) to supply heat for further dissociation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram for production of hydrogen and nitrogen from ammonia, used as fuel for a fuel cell.    Ammonia cracker (4)    Heating unit (5)    Fuel cell (6)    Hydrogen electrode (6b)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen membrane reactor comprises (a) a reforming zone (3) where a feed (1) is reformed to produce hydrogen; (b) a combustion zone (5) where the hydrogen is combusted to produce heat and energy; and (c) a membrane (4) between the reforming zone and the combustion zone, which permits permeance of hydrogen and transmission of heat.    USE - For use in electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor is highly exothermic.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen membrane reactor comprises a reforming zone and a combustion zone, which are separated by a membrane. The reforming zone is where a feed containing at least steam and hydrocarbon undergoes a reforming reaction to produce hydrogen. The combustion zone is where the hydrogen produced from the reforming zone is combusted to produce heat and energy. The membrane permits permeance of hydrogen and transmissions of heat. The reactor utilizes at least a portion of the heat of the hydrogen combustion in the reforming reaction and at least a portion of the energy to produce electricity.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for generating power using a heat exchanged hydrogen membrane reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of the inventive hydrogen membrane reactor.    Feed (1)    Reforming zone (3)    Membrane (4)    Combustion zone (5)    Catalysts (41, 48)    Porous support (42)    Diffusion layer (43)
NOVELTY - An aerosol spray container containing an aerosol solvent weld cement composition under pressure greater than ambient pressure, consists of: (a) at least one polymer capable of welding ends of plastic pipes to each other; (b) at least one solvent for the polymer; and (c) at least one propellant for the polymer/solvent mixture.    USE - The aerosol solvent weld cement composition is used for joining ends of plastic pipe.    ADVANTAGE - The composition has superior holding properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of welding two sections of plastic pipe at a junction by an aerosol solvent weld cement composition, comprising:    (a) obtaining a solvent weld cement composition in an aerosol container having an omnidirectional valve;    (b) opening the omnidirectional valve of the container so as to cause the pressurized aerosol solvent weld cement composition to be released from the container onto at least one of the two sections of plastic pipe at the prospective location of the junction; and    (c) joining the two sections of plastic pipe so as to form the junction by welding action.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side cross-sectional view of the omnidirectional valve attached to a dip tube.    Container (12)    Omnidirectional valve(20) actuator (14)    Outlet orifice (22)    Dip tube (26)    Valve body (28)    Valve plunger(34) omnidirectional valve attachment (30)    Internal passageway (46)    Stem(66) passageway (58)    Check valve container (90)    Lateral passageway (96)    Lower end (100)    Lateral opening (104)    Valve ball (106)    Upper end (108)
NOVELTY - Polymerizable sulfur compounds are removed from a hydrocarbon feed by an electrochemical process that includes passing a mixture of non-aqueous solvent and electrolyte, and hydrocarbon feed into an electrochemical reactor to oxidize polymerizable sulfur compounds. A desulfurized hydrocarbon feed and a mixture of sulfur oligomers, solvent and electrolyte are recovered by separation.    USE - For removing polymerizable sulfur compounds (e.g. thiophene, alkylthiophene, benzothiophene and alkylbenzothiophene) from a hydrocarbon feed (e.g. naphtha).    ADVANTAGE - The process effectively removes polymerizable sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon feed while preserving the octane number.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Removal of polymerizable sulfur compounds (e.g. thiophene) from a hydrocarbon feed (e.g. naphtha) by electrochemical process includes mixing non-aqueous solvent and electrolyte with a feed containing hydrocarbon and polymerizable sulfur compounds to form a first mixture (1). The first mixture is passed in an electrochemical reactor (2) to oxidize the polymerizable sulfur compounds under specific conditions capable of producing sulfur oligomers. The oxidized first mixture (3) is separated, and a desulfurized hydrocarbon feed (5) and a second mixture (6) containing sulfur oligomers, solvent and electrolyte are recovered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electrochemical process.    First mixture (1)    Electrochemical reactor (2)    Oxidized first mixture (3)    Desulfurized hydrocarbon feed (5)    Second mixture (6)
NOVELTY - A composting process of organic waste is provided, which reduces bad smell and production cost of bulking agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic bulking agent such as sawdust and chaff is mixed with inorganic bulking agent such as artificial zeolite, coal ash, incinerating ash and allophane to reduce bad smell and to improve corrosion and fermentation. The allophane and artificial zeolite is made from coal ash. To make compost, water content is controlled 60% by mixing bulking agent with organic waste.
NOVELTY - A sewage and wastewater treatment system using microorganism Bacillus M1, M2, M3 is provided, which can purify 92 ppm of BOD and 83 ppm of COD to 3 ppm and 8 ppm respectively after 10 hours treatment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the followings: (i) an air blower (1) for blowing air to a bio chamber (3); (ii) a bio chamber (3) for mixing oxygen in air and microorganism of Bacillus spec. M1, M2, M3 and for spraying into a space; and (iii) an aeration tank (5) in which air nozzles are installed at the bottom for distributing mixture of microorganism and air into sewage or wastewater to purify.
NOVELTY - Refuse (1) is dried in a drier (3) and decomposed by burning in a decomposition furnace (4), to generate a fuel gas for driving a gas engine (16). A portion of the fuel gas generated is mixed with exhaust gas from the gas engine and used as combustion gas to provide a heat source for burning the refuse.    USE - Used for generating power using fuel gas generated by refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Disposal of refuse and electricity generation are managed efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the power generation installation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Refuse (1)    Drier (3)    Decomposition furnace (4)    Gas engine (16)
NOVELTY - Purification of nitrogen comprises: (a) reacting a zirconium (Zr) getter alloy containing minor amounts of iron (Fe) and optionally vanadium (V) with nitrogen at atmospheric pressure or under vacuum; (b) introducing the nitrogen-saturated getter into a lower column or column zone; (c) contacting crude nitrogen with a palladium/alumina (Pd/Al2O3) catalyst at 200-450 degrees C in an upper column or column zone to oxidize methane; and (d) removing impurities with the nitrogen-saturated getter.    USE - Purified nitrogen is used in the electronics, chemical and steel industries and in naval construction.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane impurities can be completely removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for nitrogen purification apparatus comprising a lower column or column zone containing the nitrogen-saturated getter and an upper column or column zone containing the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst.
NOVELTY - A refrigerant comprises a 1-4-carbon atom hydrocarbon or a flammable hydrocarbon fluoride derived by substituting hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon with fluorine atoms as a main component; and a tetrahydrothiophene as an odorant.    USE - For a refrigerating device.    ADVANTAGE - Tetrahydrothiophene (THT) has a unique offensive smell. It does not solidify when used in refrigerants. THT has good compatibility with the hydrocarbon or flammable hydrocarbon fluoride and refrigerating device oils. It does not react with materials, e.g., copper, which form the refrigerating circuit. Clogging of the refrigerating circuit due to insoluble products will not occur even after operation for a long period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a refrigerating device comprising:    (a) a compressor, a heat-releasing device, an expansion mechanism, and an evaporator connected to form a refrigeration circuit, and    (b) a refrigerant disposed in the refrigeration circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a refrigerating circuit of the invention.
NOVELTY - A hair-spray composition (A) for an aerosol container equipped with a tubular extension comprises: (a) film former(s), (b) solvent(s) of boiling point 30-95 degreesC under normal pressure, (c) propellant(s) selected from hydrocarbons, 1,2-difluoroethane, dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide and/or nitrogen and optionally (d) water.    USE - (A) is a hair-spray composition having a low volatiles content, i.e. a 'low VOC product'.    ADVANTAGE - By using this specific type of dispenser, environmentally friendly low VOC hair-sprays can be applied without the usual disadvantages of being 'wet', having long drying times and providing poor hair-care properties. (A) applied using the present dispensers has good use and styling properties, especially regarding accurate application to the hair, low mist formation and effective utilization of the film-former.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hair-spray composition (A) comprises:    (a) 1-15 wt. % film former(s),    (b) 25-80 wt. % solvent(s) of boiling point 30-95 degreesC under normal pressure,    (c) propellant(s) selected from hydrocarbons, 1,2-difluoroethane, dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide and/or nitrogen and optionally    (d) water.    (A) is placed in an aerosol container equipped with a tubular extension, having an opening diameter of 0.2-1.5 mm and a length of 3-100 mm, providing a spray jet having an angle of emergence of 10-25 degrees.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram of an aerosol dispenser.    Monoblock aerosol dispenser (1)    Spray nozzle (2)    Tubular extension (3)
NOVELTY - A method for preparing beverage from waste fermented liquid includes such technological steps as separation to extract mycelium, removing harmful components by sulfate radical method or chloride radical removing method, to obtain clean liquid, and proportioning granulated sugar, sodium benzoate, sodium saccharin, caramel and said clean liquid. Said sulfate radical method includes addition of calcium oxide, alkalizing, filtering with activated carbon, strong anionic resin exchange and filtering with sand rod. Said chloride radical removing method includes spraying clean liquid to water pool through water curtain, weak anionic phenolic resin exchange, filtering and ultraviolet disinfecting. Said beverage features rich nutrients and safety.
NOVELTY - Generally the artificial soil is prepared from mixing of particulate of textile fiber, organic matter and poriferous stone as base material, among them the textile fiber is suitable to cut the filament of textile waste (scrape, remain, mixed woven fabric) into short fiber and work by machine forming ventilated particulate; the organic matter is suitable by crushing pitmoss, cane scrape, coconut husk fiber into powder and decomposed by microorganism into compost; and the poriferous stone is artificial stone filled with a hole all round; the above stated three base materials should be mixed by proportion best fit the characteristic of the plant forming moisture retention, good ventilation and fixation, formed artificial soil possess stable pH value, hygiene, it is easy to work with and improves the drawback of traditional natural soil.
NOVELTY - A process for manufacturing refuse derived fuel (RDF) is provided to produce the fuel having improved heat efficiency and convenient management property by utilizing sticky wet sludge in a simple manner with no intermediate drying and/or compression processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises several steps of crushing and selecting waste paper and plastic raw materials in a powder state; adding wet sludge and lime to the waste material and blending together; forming the mixture into a spherical shape material; and drying the material into the final RDF product. The process is performed by an apparatus comprising hoppers(11a, 11b), a belt conveyor, first and second crushers(12), a magnetic selector and a wind blowing selector(15), a collector(17) and an air transporting device(18). The apparatus includes providers(21a, 21b, 21c), first and second mixers(22, 23), several molding devices(24a,24b,24c...), a dryer(25) and a hot-air provider(26).
NOVELTY - A treater of food waste is provided, which can achieve a greater weight loss in a short time than conventional treater by activating metabolism of fermentation microorganism, the activation of metabolism being due to vibration of the fermentation tank caused by the vibrator (100) set at the fermentation tank (1).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the followings: (i) a treater main body (1) that has a feed hole (2) at the top, a top cover (3) and a cover (4) on the body (1), in which a fermentation tank (5) that has an agitator with three agitation impellers in it is installed, at the bottom of which a heater (9) is attached; (ii) a top cover (3) that is set on the main body (1) under the cover (4) and has a communicating hole (11) and a ventilating hole (12) equipped with an exhaust fan (13); and (iii) a vibrator (100) that is installed at the top side of fermentation tank (5).
NOVELTY - A microorganism surfactant composition for remediation of contaminated soil which can enhance desorption of contaminants from soil and movement of contaminants into water solution, so that can increase decomposing rate of contaminants by soil microorganism thereby shorten the remediation period of soil, where the system uses microorganism surfactant that has little toxicity thus preventing secondary environmental pollution, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composition comprises as follows: 5-10 wt. part of alcohol for 100 wt. part of cultured liquid containing surfactant produced from microorganism, 10-20 wt. part of nitrogen fertilizer on the basis of nitrogen and 1-5 wt. part of phosphorus fertilizer on the basis of phosphorus.
NOVELTY - A methanation treatment equipment is provided, which can agitate organic matter using pressure generated from the methanator itself rather than any mechanical agitation, so that the system is simple and easy to operate. The system also can maximize the treatment efficiency by blocking influent air which is enabled by feeding the organic matter inlet (15) through a rotary valve (20) and produce deodorized methane gas by passing the methanated gas through a desulfurizer (61).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the followings: (i) a tank (10) the bottom of which is inclined by an inclined plate (14) and which is partitioned into an acid fermentation tank (11), methane fermentation tank (12) and an alkali fermentation tank (13) and is laid underground; (ii) an acid fermentation tank (11) that has an organic matter inlet (15) at the top and an opening at the bottom of a partition wall (18) that is hung from top, in which gas ejectors (30) are installed at the base; (ii) a methane fermentation tank (12) that is set at the center and has a gas discharge duct (16) at the top center and two openings at the both partition walls (18), the discharge duct (16) being connected to the methane gas storage tank (60) and the pressure of which being controlled by a pressure switch (50); (iii) an alkali fermentation tank (13) set at the end which has a discharge line (17) at the side bottom; and (iv) a methane gas storage tank (60) that is set on the ground and has a desulfurizer (61) installed in it (60).
NOVELTY - Provided is a high speed fermenting machine for organic material disposal which is characterized by having a sealed box type fermenting tank constructed with H-beams and wooden wall supplying heat and space required for increase of microbes. Accordingly, the machine occupies small area and decreases fermenting time and operating costs greatly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fermenting machine comprises a hopper(2) throwing organic materials(leftovers, animal waste, etc.), a fermenting tank(3) where organics are fermented with microbes, and a belt conveyor(5). The machine is characterized in that organic materials and microbes lived with a ceramic ball(16) are into the fermenting tank constructed with an H-beam(9) and block structure(10) using wood after regulating water content with fertilizer produced in fermentation, followed by producing compost through a belt conveyor under a discharge screw(13) and gathering it.
NOVELTY - A compost producing equipment is provided to ferment leftovers and animal waste due to microbes and mixing in a vinyl house. The equipment installed at a low cost is very effective for treating leftovers, resulting in production of compost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The equipment is characterized by having a fermenting space, being molded with concrete(14) over vinyl(12) spread on the ground(100) in a vinyl house(10). The compost is produced by mixing 100pts.wt. of leftovers and animal waste, 7-13pts.wt of rice straw, 27-33pts.wt. of rice hull and 2-8pts.wt of at least one selected from saw dust, barks, fallen leaves and lime, and fermenting for 2-3months with spreading mixture of 40-50% of dropwort, 40-50% of mugwort and 5-10% of brown sugar at 5-10day intervals or microbes obtained from fermenting rice.
NOVELTY - The fermentation mixture has 100 weight parts of carbonization material, 10-100 times of phosphoric acid and 20-200 weight parts of acid fiber material. The mixture is uniformly stirred to obtain the pH value of 6-9, and the amount of phosphoric acid and potassium per liter, are set to greater than or equal to 2g and greater than or equal to 1g, respectively.    USE - For garbage disposer.    ADVANTAGE - Optimum environment for proliferation of microorganism is ensured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for potting soil using fermentation supplement material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the procedure of fermentation decomposition device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A hopper-like ramp (5) is provided to the bottom of a heating chamber (1). A discharge port of the ramp, has an opening-closing apparatus at the bottom.    USE - Carbonization apparatus for carbonization of refuse solid fuel from general waste such as waste from home.    ADVANTAGE - The hopper-like ramp provides easy regulation of the condition set-up within the heating chamber, and also reduces the size of the heating chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the carbonization apparatus.    Heating chamber (1)    Hopper-like ramp (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell apparatus (20) has a fuel cell for generating electricity in response to the supply of heating gas containing hydrocarbon group fuel (HGF), and an oxidation catalyst for oxidizing the HGF. The apparatus has an exhaust gas purification unit to receive a supply of exhaust gas from an anode (32) to the fuel cell. The purification unit oxidizes the HGF in exhaust gas, and purifies the exhaust gas.    USE - For the generation of electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Size reduction and simplification of the fuel cell apparatus reduction are obtained during exhaust gas purification.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a moving unit equipped with the above fuel cell apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell apparatus (20)    Anode (32)    Exhaust gas purifier (40)    Catalyst (42)
NOVELTY - The human waste processing system is used for treating the waste water containing human waste and/or purification tank sludge, by pretreatment process such that water ejected from pretreatment process satisfies injection reference standard for injecting to sewage line. The water is further treated such that water satisfies sewage treatment water effluent standard.    USE - For processing human waste.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of bad smell and eutrophication by the treated water are prevented, by effectively treating the waste water containing human waste such that treated water satisfies specific water effluent standards.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The water containing human waste is treated in presence of soil bacteria. The human waste processing system has a culture tank filled with porous substance containing silicic acid salt.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart of pretreatment process performed in human waste processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises a fermentation tank enclosed in an outer casing for fermentation using aerobic fermentation microbe. Heating apparatus is arranged surrounding the tank for high temperature fermentation. Stirring vanes driven by an external motor performs continuous stirring of the fermented liquid.    USE - For waste spirit disposal in small scale spirit plant.    ADVANTAGE - Enables continuous processing for long time without need for exchange of spares, as heater and slurry apparatus drive motor are external to fermentation tank. Improves fermentation efficiency as high temperature fermentation using aerobic microbes is performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective sectional drawing of portable fermentation apparatus.
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte fuel cell structure includes an anode side gas distribution layer which is a flat, porous structure having water channels. The anode side gas distribution layer is enclosed by a coplanar, sealing plate with water inlet channels coupled to the water channels.    USE - As a polymer electrolyte fuel cell structure.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer electrolyte fuel cell structure provides a better humidification, at low cost and low cell complexity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polymer electrolyte fuel cell structure comprises an anode catalyst layer (1) on one side of a proton exchange membrane (4). A cathode catalyst layer (7) is on the opposite side of the membrane. A gas distribution layer is on each side of the proton exchange membrane. An anode side gas distribution layer (3) is a flat, porous structure having water channels (3a) formed on the surface facing the membrane. It is enclosed by a coplanar, sealing plate (2) with water inlet channels coupled to the water channels.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a polymer electrolyte fuel cell in which a cooling and humidification liquid is fed to the anode side of the fuel cell, comprising adding an oxygen evolving compound to the liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plane view of the polymer fuel structure.    Anode catalyst layer (1)    Sealing plate (2, 6)    Anode side gas distribution layer (3)    Water channels (3a)    Proton exchange membrane (4)    Cathode side gas distribution layer (5)    Cathode catalyst layer (7)
NOVELTY - Pyrolyzing and gasifying material mixtures containing organic components comprises contacting the organic materials (4) or material mixture containing the organic components with a heat transfer medium (5) in a pyrolysis reactor (1); pyrolyzing; combusting the pyrolysis coke (7) produced by pyrolysis in a combustion reactor (2) with the introduction of air; and purifying the crude gas (6) produced in a cracking reactor (3).    USE - Used in the treatment of household waste.    ADVANTAGE - A heat exchanger is not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for pyrolyzing and gasifying material mixtures containing organic components.    Preferred Features: The heat transfer medium consists of ash from the combustion reactor. The cracking reactor contains a catalyst. Purification is carried out with the addition of water vapor (8). The pyrolysis coke produced from the pyrolysis reactor is used as the catalyst. A fine fraction is removed from the organic materials before pyrolysis. Synthesis gas is produced by purifying the crude gas and used to drive a gas turbine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the device for pyrolyzing and gasifying material mixtures containing organic components. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pyrolysis reactor (1)    Combustion reactor (2)    Cracking reactor (3)    Organic materials (4)    Heat transfer medium (5)    Crude gas (6)    Pyrolysis coke (7)    Water vapor (8)
NOVELTY - A device for treating an organic exhaust by combining an ultraviolet (UV) oxidation method with a biological filter bed, the device comprising: an UV oxidation reactor having an UV light source for providing an UV light to irradiate an organic exhaust, the UV oxidation reactor having a first inlet and a first outlet and capable of housing an oxidation agent; a wetting device for wetting the organic exhaust, the wetting device having a second inlet and a second outlet, in which the second inlet is connected to the first outlet; an acid neutralization device for neutralizing the acidity of the organic exhaust, the acid neutralization device having a third inlet and a third outlet, in which the third inlet is connected to the second outlet; a biological filter bed containing a mixture of a carrier and a microbiological sludge, the microbiological sludge comprising at least one kind of microorganism capable of decomposing the organic exhaust, the biological filter bed having a fourth inlet and a fourth outlet, in which the fourth inlet is connected to the third outlet; and an organic contaminant detector connecting to the first outlet for detecting the concentration of the organic contaminant.
NOVELTY - A container (13) stores hydrogen occlusion alloy (3). A distributor (18) distributes a heating gas uniformly to catalyzed combustion object (4) placed inside a heat insulation container (2) to release hydrogen from the hydrogen occlusion alloy. Flow paths (29,30) guide the released hydrogen to the exterior of the container.    USE - For fuel cell of hydrogen powered motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since heating gas is distributed uniformly, the combustion object is burnt uniformly, and hence, occlusion alloy is heated uniformly to improve the hydrogen release efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage container.    Heat insulation container (2)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy (3)    Catalyzed combustion object (4)    Container (13)    Distributor (18)    Flow paths (29,30)
NOVELTY - A pit (3) in which felled wood chips (8) is accumulated, is formed by excavating ground of timber felling field, and a water barrier material (4) is laid to the base and sides. Humidity and temperature sensors for detecting humidity and temperature of felled material chips, are provided in the pit. A water supply pipe supplies water to the wood chips in the pit. An air supply and suctioning pipe is also provided.    USE - For composting (claimed) wood material from felled trees in lumber felling field.    ADVANTAGE - The composting pit has favorable external appearance and minimizes bad odors. By the presence of water barrier on the pit, underground water is not contaminated by leachates. Humidity and temperature management can be performed reliably, without need for turning over the wood material with heavy tools such as a back hoe. Cost of operation is reduced. Composting efficiency is improved by maintaining aerobic environment for degradation by microorganisms, and a good quality compost is obtained. The devices can be easily removed from the pit, by the provision of the winder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for composting method of felled tress in felling fields. Ground (2) on a lumber felling field is excavated and a water-barrier process is given to the bottom of the pit. A pit for accommodating felled wood chips is formed. Livestock waste is mixed with the wood material in the pit, and the material is wetted. Humidity and temperature sensors, water supply pipe and air supply and suctioning pipe, are laid on the pit at regular intervals, intervening with the wood material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows longitudinal cross-sectional view of composting unit.    Composting unit (1)    Ground (2)    Pit (3)    Water-barrier sheet (4)    Sensing devices and air/water pipes (6)    Wood chips (8)
NOVELTY - A raw liquefied gas stored in a cylinder (1) is supplied to a reformer (3) through a gas pressure regulator (2) after vaporization. A heating controller (5) controls a heating unit (7) which heats the cylinder, based on a measurement signal from a pressure sensor (4) which measures the pressure of the vaporized gas supplied to the pressure regulator.    USE - For supplying raw liquefied gas in vaporized state to reformers of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Performs stable and efficient vaporized raw gas supply to reformer, by heating the cylinder efficiently. Enables to achieve total size-reduction of system by using raw gas supply apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the raw liquefied gas supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cylinder (1)    Gas pressure regulator (2)    Reformer (3)    Pressure sensor (4)    Heating controller (5)    Heating unit (7)
NOVELTY - Serially arranged reaction stages (32,34,36) of a reformation unit (30) include catalyst which reforms hydrocarbon containing fuel to a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases due to water vaporization and oxidation. An electronic control unit (ECU) (70) controls supply of the mixture gas to a shift reaction unit (60), based on oxygen concentration of the mixture gases from the reaction stages (32,34).    USE - Fuel reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrocarbon content fuel is efficiently reformed to hydrogen rich heating gas, while tracking the load fluctuation. Also, the catalyst property is maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformation unit (30)    Reaction stages of reformation unit (32,34,36)    Shift reaction unit (60)    ECU (70)
NOVELTY - A gas purifier (5) purifies the gas output from a transformation unit (4) for converting the reformed gas output from a reformation portion (3). The effluent gas output from the gas purifier is supplied to a burner (8) as fuel, during starting of the hydrogen generator and the amount of raw material fed to the burner is decreased.    USE - For starting hydrogen generator, used for supplying hydrogen to fuel cell in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - As the effluent gas from the hydrogen generator is supplied as a fuel to a burner at the time of starting, effective usage of the effluent gas and high starting efficiency are achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block diagram of hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformation portion (3)    Transformation unit (4)    Gas purifier (5)    Burner (8)
NOVELTY - The fuel reformer (30) comprises a selective oxidation unit (33) which performs selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in reformed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. A solenoid valve (SV4) is in an air line (L4) which connects selective oxidation unit and a blower (B). A control unit controls the solenoid valve, based on internal temperature of a modification unit (32).    USE - For fuel cell apparatus (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide concentration in the reformed gas is reduced efficiently and accurately to a desired threshold value. Cost of the fuel reformer and the fuel cell apparatus is reduced. Operation of the fuel reformer is performed economically. Size of the fuel reformer is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel reformer comprises a selective oxidation unit which introduces the modification unit which forms the reformed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The reformed gas is obtained from a fluid for modification which contains a fuel and water, by water vapor modification reaction. The blower is provided for supplying gas to the selective oxidation unit. A temperature measuring unit is provided for measuring the internal temperature of the modification unit.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Operating method of the fuel reformer; and    (b) Fuel cell apparatus (1)    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of the fuel cell apparatus equipped with the fuel reformer.    Fuel cell apparatus (1)    Fuel reformer (30)    Modification unit (32)    Selective oxidation unit (33)    Air line (L4)    Blower (B)    Solenoid valve (SV4)
NOVELTY - Organic waste raw material subjected to primary treatment of grinding is mixed uniformly with micro-organisms and microbes. Fermentation-decomposition is performed, without diffusing bad smell externally, by using air-conditioning machine. Also claimed is organic waste processing apparatus.    USE - For treating organic waste like domestic waste, organic feed, vegetables, fruits, flowers, papers, livestock waste, poultry and dairy waste, animal remains and incineration disposal. The recycled organic waste is used as organic fertilizer in farms.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste is effectively recycled. Emission of carbon dioxide during incineration is reduced. The recycled organic waste is used as organic fertilizer in farms. Hence, use of agrochemicals is reduced, which reduces chemical hazardness in agricultural products.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart of organic waste recycling. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Animal and plant residue (organic waste) (1) is ground and kneaded with sewage sludge (3). The organic waste is processed and circulation recycling of microbial bed material (5), which is porous ceramic is enabled. The breeding of microorganisms, separation by treatment tank, washing, sterilization and drying of the microbial bed material, are performed serially.    USE - For sewage sludge, organic refuse and stock waste material. The processed materials are used as artificial rocks, construction material for roads and outer walls.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste is decomposed easily and inexpensively. The decomposing process does not pollute the environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows is a process diagram of organic waste decomposition and volume reduction processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic waste (1)    Sewage sludge (3)    Microbial bed material (5)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse is processed by mixing with porous base material containing porous ceramic particles, and subsequently decomposing using putrefying bacteria.    USE - For decomposing organic refuses, such as vegetable waste.    ADVANTAGE - The porous ceramic material accelerates proliferation of putrefying bacteria. Hence, organic waste is effectively decomposed in short period.
NOVELTY - Foodstuff industry waste material containing organic compound and inorganic material is processed by decomposition fermentation by heating at 650 degrees C to obtain an ignition residue of 90-99% or more of total solid. A microorganism group is introduced into fermented waste and aerated. Then, the waste is subjected to oxidative degradation, solid-liquid separation and dried to obtain cake.    USE - For processing waste material from foodstuff industry containing organic compound and inorganic material such as zeolite, diatomaceous earth, shell fish, crab shell and bone (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to process food stuff industry waste material like crab shell, at low cost. The unwanted smell is reduced effectively.
NOVELTY - The methanol modification catalyst (1) contains a base material comprising copper and zinc (3) supported on oxide (4).    USE - For forming hydrogen by steam reforming of methanol.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient and compact methanol modification catalyst, is provided. Methanol modification is carried out safely and economically, in short period of time using the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of methanol modification catalyst. An oxide is added to the aqueous solution of copper and zinc, to form a slurry. The base material is then immersed in the slurry to form methanol modification catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of methanol modification catalyst.    Methanol modification catalyst (1)    Copper and zinc (3)    Oxide (4)
NOVELTY - Mixture comprising charcoal (of size 1-10 mm) obtained by carbonizing waste wood, oxidizing agent, acid, alkali, or nitrogen gas as medium, water and binder such as mineral or sodium alginate, is molded in molding tank under high temperature and high pressure, after adjusting pH. The molded product is thermally processed under pressure and dried to obtain porous filter.    USE - For separating isobutane and butane powders.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective recycle of utilized waste activated carbon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of porous filter production process.
NOVELTY - A medium for processing refuse contains Bacillus sphaericus.    USE - For processing refuse such as organic refuse, corrugated board, milk cover, newspaper, tea bag, coffee filter, orange peel, outer skin of apple, banana, core of maize, welsh onion, cabbage, waste foodstuff, film, food containers, vegetable fruit pack, disposable cups, used chopsticks, refuse container bag and biodegradable plastics.    ADVANTAGE - A large amount organic refuse is extinguished completely in a short time, without any secondary pollution. The medium absorbs heavy metals contained in the internal organs of waste for a long period of time. The Bacillus sphaericus effectively disassembles the pathogenic microbes such as Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli etc. The refuse is processed at a low running cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) Manufacture of refuse process medium which involves making Bacillus sphaericus and a photosynthetic bacteria to grow together by irradiating a fluorescence, into a ceramic piece having hole; (ii) Method for processing refuse which involves contacting refuse with the medium; and (iii) Refuse process machine which comprises a means to contact the medium with the refuse.
NOVELTY - Lignan containing sesame seed processed material is prepared by cultivating degreased sesame seed lees with microorganisms such as Absidia ramosa, and extracting the microorganism processed material containing lignan with a solvent.    USE - As an antioxidant in feed and fertilizers.    ADVANTAGE - The preparation of lignan containing sesame seed processed material utilizing microbes is simple and does not involve pre-treatment process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph of lignan formed by microbial process using high power liquid chromatographic analysis. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A compost for regulating moisture content of livestock waste, is manufactured by using paper obtained after separating plaster or waste material of plaster board.    USE - For regulating moisture content of livestock waste, such as faeces and urine.    ADVANTAGE - The paper which is recovered from plaster or paper board waste material (which was discarded conventionally) is effectively recycled to manufacture compost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow-chart showing separation process and compost manufacturing process of plaster from plaster board waste material and paper. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Compost manufacture, involves supplying waste such as livestock dung on bark layer, and stirring, fermenting waste on bark layer. The bark layer contains saw dust or straw.    USE - For manufacturing compost from waste such as livestock dung and urine.    ADVANTAGE - The shell fossil in bark layer improves air circulation, reduces odor of saw dust, and accelerates fermentation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compost manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of compost manufacturing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A methane modifier (7) generates hydrogen and carbon dioxide from town gas and natural gas obtained by processing excreta of livestock. The fuel cell (6) generates electrical and heat energies, based on reaction of hydrogen from the modifier with the oxygen. A control apparatus (15) supplies the generated energies to the barn.    USE - For supplying power to livestock barn.    ADVANTAGE - The power is generated efficiently using town gas and natural gas, without depending on main supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the power supply system for livestock barn. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (6)    Methane modifier (7)    Control apparatus (15)
NOVELTY - A biodegradation promoter contains polyamino acid as an active ingredient.    USE - For biodegradation of target object such as waste material in food and pharmaceutical manufacture, general waste e.g. natural fiber, paper diaper, waste paper, pulp, cotton, sheep wool, etc., industrial waste containing solid animal/plant residue, waste of animals organic refuse, and compost.    ADVANTAGE - The promoter not only accelerates biodegradation of organic substance by microorganism in target object but also has self biodegradability, hence the promoter is harmless to the environment and reduces the waste material processing time. Even high molecular components are decomposed into safe low molecular weight components, effectively. The degradation method enables reduction of amount and volume of waste material, and thereby facilitates incineration of waste material by embedding process, easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for biodegradation of organic substance in decomposition target substance using the promoter.
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide (CO) concentration reduction apparatus (20) comprises primary and secondary oxidation reaction zones (32,42) which oxidize CO present in hydrogen rich gas using primary and secondary oxidation catalysts in presence of hydrogen. Temperature control unit is provided to adjust temperature, such that temperature of reaction zone (32) is higher than that of reaction zone (42).    USE - For reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide present in hydrogen rich gas.    ADVANTAGE - The concentration of carbon monoxide present in hydrogen rich gas is effectively reduced using simple and compact apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for CO concentration reduction method from hydrogen rich gas. The CO present in hydrogen rich gas is oxidized using primary oxidation catalyst in presence of hydrogen at predetermined temperature (A). Subsequently, the CO present in hydrogen rich gas is further oxidized using secondary oxidation catalyst in presence of hydrogen at predetermined temperature which is lower than temperature (A). Thus, the concentration of CO in the hydrogen rich gas is removed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the outline of structure of fuel modification system equipped with carbon monoxide reduction apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text.)    Carbon monoxide concentration reduction apparatus (20)    Oxidation reaction zones (32,42)
NOVELTY - Purifying soil containing an organic substance comprises reducing the moisture content of soil and supplying ozone.    USE - Used for soil purification.    ADVANTAGE - The soil is purified economically by reducing the ozone supplying amount, in a short period of time.
NOVELTY - The fermentation production method of microorganism biochemical organic fertilizer uses poultry and animal dung, sludge etc. as raw material. The raw materials are mixed according to their water content, adjust pH to 7.0-7.4, add microorganism and mix to uniform, control water content to 50-60 %, transfer to fermenter, regulate temperature to 25-30 degrees C, start fermentation, total fermentation period is 8-10 days. After for mentation, lower temperature, drain water to about 20% to obtain the microorganism biochemical organic fertilizer. The fermentation equipment includes fermentation tank with multihole dummy plate on its bottom surface.
NOVELTY - A natural, environmental protection organic fertilizer is prepared by using equal ratio of dry sweet potato, sea weeds, crop bran and husk, silk worm excrement through soaking, fermenting and distilling to obtain a concentrated liquid which is further mixed with equal ratio of red orchidacean mother liquor and glucose to obtain a product. Its processing procedure includes weighing, mixing, grinding, putting it tank, soaking, raise temperature and fermenting, distilling and concentrating, mixing the three liquids in tank, raising and lowering temperature, vacuumizing etc. Advantages are simple formulation technology, pure natural substances, rich nutrition etc.
NOVELTY - A method of treating refuse by soil circulation includes the following flow path: (1). blending refuse and soil is agitator; (2). transfer the mixture of refuse and soil to fermentation shed to proceed natural fermentation; (3). transfer the natural fermented organic mixture to refuse sorting and recovery machine to proceed screening sorting and recovery.
NOVELTY - Preparation of viscous water-maintaining fertilizer using dewatered sludge with excellent water maintaining property, great viscosity and high fertilizer effect as main material and through mixing with certain amount of azophoska while stirring and bagging. The fertilizer with high fertilizer effect and fixation of sandy soil, is favorable to planting sweet root weed into hedge in relatively low amount of water and at a low cost.
NOVELTY - A treatment method of compost composed of solid waste. During compost treatment, sawdust and fly-ash are added to reduce effectively the density of heavy metals in the biological effective state in compost.
NOVELTY - Organic mixture with farm animal excrements, bran and bean dregs is mixed with compound microbial preparation liquid while controlling the effective live bacteria number not less than 6X10 to the power 8 gram and through fermentation for 10-15 days and low temperature drying, is obtained organic fermented material, which is further mixed with inorganic azophoska and trace elements to obtain the powder fertilizer product. The fertilizer product of the present invention is multifunctional and complementary and can produce multiple bacterial colony in soil.
NOVELTY - A fuel reforming system includes a temperature detector for vapors of gas or liquid fuel and gas containing an oxygen, which to be supplied in a fuel reformer. The ratio of first flow rate of vapor to the second flow rate of gas is corrected depending on the output of temperature detector. The gas containing oxygen is supplied depending on the corrected ratio.    USE - Used in mobile fuel cell system, e.g. a fuel cell automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive system and method obtain reformed gas composition usable in fuel cell even if temperature supplied from an evaporator into the fuel reformer varies significantly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel reforming system comprises a vapor detector of a first flow rate, gas detector of a second flow rate, and a temperature detector for vapors of gas or liquid fuel and gas containing an oxygen, which to be supplied in a fuel reformer. The fuel reformer generates a reformed gas containing hydrogen and oxygen. The ratio of first flow rate of vapor to the second flow rate of gas is corrected depending on the output of temperature detector. The gas containing oxygen is supplied depending on the corrected ratio.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel reforming comprising supplying the liquid fuel into a first supplier of the system and detecting the temperature of the vapors in the gas or liquid fuel supplied in the fuel reformer. A first correction coefficient is determined according to the detected temperature. The correction coefficient is a ratio between a first flow rate of vapors to a second flow rate of the gas containing oxygen. The second flow rate to be supplied to second supplier of the system is determined according to the detected first flow rate and determined first correction coefficient. A flow rate of gas containing the oxygen is adjusted according to the determined second flow rate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the inventive fuel reforming system.
NOVELTY - Electrically conductive plate in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a resin selected from a thermoplastic type, fluorinated resin type, thermosetting resin type and liquid crystalline type resins and carbon nano-tubular fibers in amount 10-85 wt. % having average diameter 1 nm-300 nm.    USE - Proton exchange membrane fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The bipolar plate has improved electrically conductivity while maintaining mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and low manufacturing cost, good mechanical strength and impermeability to hydrogen and air in fuel cell operating conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon nano-tubular fibers comprise multiwalled graphitic tubes containing multiple coaxial cylinders of increasing diameters, the cylinders being separated from one another by about 0.34 nm. Alternatively, the nano-tubular fibers comprise single walled graphitic tubes bundled together in the form of a rope.    The conductive plate is a bipolar plate.
NOVELTY - Conversion of biomass involves continuously feeding into a reaction chamber at least 1400 degreesC, a biomass material and an exogenous metal oxide or metal oxide precursor. The metal oxide is capable of forming a hydrolyzable metal carbide, to form reaction products including the metal carbide, and quenching the reaction products to at most 800degreesC.    USE - For converting biomass, e.g. wood, municipal waste, trees or their parts, forest product residues, energy crops, straw, grass, animal, agricultural and human wastes, sewage sludge, or living or dead plants (claimed) to valuable fuels, chemical feedstocks and chemicals, particularly, to metal carbides, carbon monoxide and hydroxide.    ADVANTAGE - The process converts organic substances in pulping residues to value-added products and recovers pulping chemicals, and converts biomass to high quality fuels, chemical feedstocks and chemicals.
NOVELTY - A tire arranging a composite body (2) comprises a continuous phase made of a resin and many closed cells in an inside of a hollow doughnut-shaped tire. The composite body has a cell content of 80-98.75 vol.% and an internal pressure at 25 degreesC in the closed cell of not less than 150 kPa as an absolute pressure.    USE - For passenger car.    ADVANTAGE - The invention has excellent durability and ride comfort in the running after the tire is subjected to an external injury.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section view of the tire.    Composite body (2)
NOVELTY - A blowing agent for expanding an extrudable, expandable polyolefin foam product comprises a specific blend of isobutane (40-60 wt.%) and n-butane (40-60 wt.%). The composition is based on total weight of isobutane and n-butane in blowing agent.    USE - For producing an extruded polyolefin foam product (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention produces polyolefin foams having greater dimensional stability and higher compression strength. It also allows production of foam planks thicker than 1.5 inches with fewer chances of coalescence and other irregularities in cell structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A blowing agent for expanding an extrudable, expandable polyolefin foam product comprises a specific blend of isobutane (40-60 wt.%) and n-butane (40-60 wt.%). The composition is based on total weight of isobutane and n-butane in blowing agent.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for producing an extruded polyolefin foam product by:    (1) mixing blowing agent with molten polyolefin; and    (2) extruding the foamable mixture so that blowing agent expands to produce a foam.
NOVELTY - A microorganism suitable for fermenting silage having a low sugar content and a method for producing silage using the same are provided. The microorganism can grow at low sugar concentration and produce lots of lactic acid and is thus effectively used as an inoculant for producing silage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The microorganism Lactobacillus plantarum NLRI-101 (KFCC-11101) which is suitable for fermenting silage having a low sugar content is isolated by the steps of: inserting high quality silage extract into an MRS broth containing 0.02% of sodium azide(NaN2) and incubating them at 37 deg. C for 24 hours; spreading the fermented culture of silage extract on MRS agar medium containing 0.02% of sodium azide and incubating them at 37 deg. C for 48 hours; and selecting colonies and identifying the strain as Lactobacillus plantarum NLRI-101 (KFCC-1101).
NOVELTY - A fermentation controlling apparatus of a microwave oven and a method thereof are provided to ferment food by controlling the generation of microwaves without the use of a thermistor and a heater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fermentation controlling apparatus of a microwave oven comprises: a power source(200) for supplying power; a key input part(300) for set-up of fermentation mode and time; a sensing part(400) sensing the surface temperature of food; a control unit(100) controlling the generation of microwaves by comparing the surface temperature of the food to a reference temperature; and a display part(600) displaying the operating state corresponding to the control signal outputted from the control unit. Upon the selection of the fermentation mode and the set-up of the fermentation time, the surface temperature of the food is sensed by an infrared sensor as a sensing part. If the fermentation time elapses, a corresponding cooking procedure is progressed. If the surface temperature of the food is higher than the reference temperature, the generation of microwaves is stopped to keep a proper fermentation temperature. Therefore, the food is properly fermented.
NOVELTY - Provided is an automatic incubator for microbes which is useful for the biological treatment of waste-water, by providing the optimum condition for cultivating and increasing microbes. The incubator treats wastewater at low cost without additional equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An automatic incubator for microbes used for biological treatment of waste-water is composed of an infrared ray lamp for activating cell and controlling temperature of cultivation jar, porous contact microbiomedia for cultivating and increasing microbes such as black oak and bamboo and apparatus for supplying oxygen for inducing aerobic microbes.
NOVELTY - A heater (32) heats the waste material accommodated in the housing (30). The gas generated from the heated material enters combustion chamber (26) through flow path (50). The pressure of gas which flows from the upstream to downstream side of flow path, is reduced gradually.    USE - For burning waste material.    ADVANTAGE - Since the pressure of gas is effectively reduced, temperature of the gas is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical front view of the waste material treatment equipment.    Combustion chamber (26)    Housing (30)    Heater (32)    Flow path (50)
NOVELTY - A coke oven chamber (2) having insertion and an extraction openings (6,7), is arranged in a combustion chamber (3) having a gas burner (11). The spacers (8) are provided between the chambers (2,3) and the coke chamber (2) and the combustion chamber (4), respectively. An inflow opening (14) passes gases from the coke chamber, to an exhaust port (15) in the chamber (4) through the partition plates (16).    USE - For carbonizing inflammable waste materials such as organic refuse from timber, paper, synthetic resin, kitchen, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The waste material is heated uniformly to obtain favorable carbonization. The smokeless, odorless exhaust gas is ejected during the carbonization process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of inflammable waste material carbonization apparatus.    Coke oven chamber (2)    Combustion chambers (3,4)    Insertion opening (6)    Extraction opening (7)    Spacers (8)    Gas burner (11)    Inflow opening (14)    Exhaust port (15)    Partition plates (16)
NOVELTY - A carbon-containing substance is reacted with water at high temperature and pressure, and water is reduced. The carbon-containing substance is thermochemically disassembled at 600-900 degrees C and 30 or more atmospheric pressure without the use of an oxidizing agent. The carbon dioxide formed is absorbed by a carbon dioxide absorber.    USE - For generating hydrogen by reducing water.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables the inexpensive generation of hydrogen using carbon in dry conditions without the formation of slurry. Generation also eliminates the need for supercritical conditions and recycles calcium carbonate at a very high rate. The hydrogen generated has a quality similar to the quality of hydrogen generated from raw materials under supercritical conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the variation in experimental results with change in conditions.
NOVELTY - The method involves modifying methanol in an atmosphere containing water vapor, in the presence of a catalyst material (4). The catalyst material comprises an aluminum base material (1) on which an alumina layer (2) is formed by anodic oxidation. The alumina layer contains a catalytic substance (3).    USE - For the production of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The modification of methanol is performed easily and continuously. The obtained reaction product contains hydrogen of high purity. Industrial utilization value of the catalyst is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the catalyst material, involving forming an alumina layer on the aluminum base material, by anodic oxidation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the modification of methanol. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Aluminum base material (1)    Alumina layer (2)    Catalyst substance (3)    Catalyst material (4)
NOVELTY - The refuse (D) which is contained in the lower portion of the refuse process chamber (1), is carbonized on heating by superheated steam (S) flowing from top to the bottom of the process chamber. The superheated steam which carbonizes the refuse has a temperature of 300-600degreesC.    USE - For processing flammable refuse such as driftwood and other flammable refuse washed out from factory, office, residence, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since the refuse is carbonized without burning, generation of dioxin is prevented. The heat energy of the superheated steam is effectively utilized, as the superheated steam flows from top to the bottom of the process chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for flammable refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Refuse process chamber (1)    Refuse (D)    Superheated steam (S)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen occlusion alloy storage container has a hydrogen gas entrance (3) and is accommodated with a laminate of hydrogen occlusion alloy sheet (2, 2a) and metal porous sheet (1, 2b). The laminate is filled with hydrogen occlusion alloy powder and low melting alloy powder. Hydrogen which enters the container through the entrance is occluded by the hydrogen occlusion alloy.    USE - For purifying and supplying hydrogen to motor vehicles and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The combination of hydrogen occlusion alloy powder and low melting alloy powder sharply improves thermal conductivity of the container. Hydrogen supply to vehicles and fuel cells is accelerated from the storage container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the wound laminate of the hydrogen occlusion alloy accommodated in the container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Metal porous sheet (1,2b)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy sheet (2,2a)    Gas entrance (3)    Gas outlet (3')
NOVELTY - A fuel oil for fuel cells contains less than 15 weight ppm of alkyl dibenzothiophene.    USE - For manufacture of liquid raw material for fuel cells by reforming process, and hydrogen used in fuel cells (claimed) used for consumer applications, industrial use and motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the sulfur content of fuel oil is reduced by desulfurization, poisoning of reforming catalyst by sulfur in bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contained in fuel oil during production of hydrogen is prevented. Thereby, durability of the reforming catalyst is enhanced. Amount of desulfurizing agent used for desulfurization of the bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contained in fuel oil, is reduced. Liquid raw material and hydrogen are manufactured effectively using the fuel oil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) Desulfurization of fuel oil; and (ii) Manufacture of liquid raw material for fuel cells which involves contacting fuel oil with a reforming catalyst after desulfurization of fuel oil.
NOVELTY - A fuel oil for kerosene group fuel cells contains 2 volume% (vol.%) or less of bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds.    USE - For manufacture of liquid raw material by reforming process and hydrogen, used in fuel cells (claimed) used for consumer applications, industrial use and motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the sulfur content of the fuel oil is reduced by desulfurization, poisoning of the reforming catalyst by sulfur contained in bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fuel oil during production of hydrogen is prevented. Durability of the reforming catalyst is enhanced. The amount of desulfurizing agent used for desulfurization of the bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is reduced. Liquid raw material for fuel cells and hydrogen are manufactured effectively using the fuel oil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Desulfurization of fuel oil.    (2) Manufacture of liquid raw material for fuel cells by contacting fuel oil with a reforming catalyst, after desulfurization of the oil.
NOVELTY - The organic waste mixed with biodegradable plastic product in a treatment tank of organic waste treatment equipment, is fermentation decomposed by blowing air to the treatment tank, heating inner side of the treatment tank using a heating apparatus and disintegrating the biodegradable plastic product.    USE - For processing organic waste such as organic refuse sludge and waste mixed with plastic products.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste is fermented efficiently and favorable compost is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph explaining molecular weight change in disintegrated process (at 80degreesC and relative humidity of 100%) of a biodegradable film.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical pipeline (46) having multiple rows of gas outlets (54a-54e) on its periphery, is fixed integrally at the center section of modification catalyst layers (44a-44e). The reformer has several flow paths (48a-48e) one end of which is connected to cylindrical pipeline and the other to periphery of modification catalyst layer, to guide fuel for reforming.    USE - For forming reformed gas containing hydrogen in fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel for reforming is supplied smoothly and reliably to each modification catalyst layer, by provision of flow paths.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory diagram of modifier with the fuel reformer.    Modification catalyst layers (44a-44e)    Pipeline (46)    Flow paths (48a-48e)    Gas outlets (54a-54e)
NOVELTY - A decarboxylation unit (2) carries out decarbonization acid treatment for condensed water collected from the fuel cell. An electric deionization apparatus (7) carries out desalting process by water permeation of treated water and reverses osmosis membrane apparatus (6). The valves (V2,V3) changes the discharge rate of concentrated water from the electric deionization apparatus and supplied to decarboxylation unit.    USE - Treating water supplied to the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since valves are arranged in the water treatment unit, load to the apparatus for deionization and decarbonization process is reduced so purified water is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the water treatment unit of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Decarboxylation unit (2)    Osmosis membrane apparatus (6)    Electric deionization apparatus (7)    Valves (V2,V3)
NOVELTY - A furnace (1) includes an outer cylinder (6) surrounding a plasma torch (2) which protrudes from the furnace. A gap (7) is maintained between the torch and the inner surfaces of the cylinder which contains a heat insulating material. A denitration agent is circulated in the gap.    USE - For the production of ashes, e.g. refuse incineration ashes or coal incineration ashes.    ADVANTAGE - High temperature dust in the furnace is cooled by the denitration agent and the surface temperature of the ashes is maintained. The furnace has Increased heat input efficiency and reduced operating cost. Damage to the torch is prevented by the outer cylinder which surrounds the torch. A high concentration of nitrogen oxide in the furnace exhaust gas is reduced by circulating the denitration agent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic sectional view of a plasma-type melting furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Plasma type melting furnace (1)    Plasma torch (2)    Outer cylinder (6)    Gap (7)
NOVELTY - Solid fuel comprises meat meal and one or more additives.    USE - For use in industrial combustion units, e.g. power stations, kilns or furnaces, preferably in the form of pellets or briquettes.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel provides a safe way of disposing of meat meal that cannot be used in animal feeds on health and safety grounds, since burning the fuel destroys all proteins, including allergens and infective agents.
NOVELTY - A power generator comprises a high heat source and an oxygen concentration cell pile. A high temperature heat source produces heat to cause the oxygen concentration cells to be in a high temperature working state, and the oxygen concentration cell pile, comprising oxygen concentration cells connected serially and in parallel, is located inside the oxygen chamber. An oxygen supplying device, connected to an oxygen chamber, supplies oxygen for the oxygen chamber. The inner cavity of the oxygen concentration cell has a lower oxygen pressure in the inner cavity than in the outer cavity.    ADVANTAGE - The power generator has high power generating efficiency, reduced high speed rotating parts, and reduced environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - A fuel for use in fuel cells comprises a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds, which is in a gaseous state at ordinary temperatures, and 60 mole % or more of saturated components, 40 mole% or less of olefin, 0.5 mole% or less of butadiene and 0.1 mole% or more of a saturated iso-paraffin having 4 or more carbon atoms.    USE - The fuel is for fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel generates increased energy output for its weight and for the amount of CO2 generated, it has an improved fuel consumption, a decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as storage stability and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating.
NOVELTY - The bipolar plate has electrical contact surfaces, and fluid conducting channels. Each of the contact surfaces has contact enhancing microstructures that have pitch less than 100 microns, and aspect ratio greater than 0.5.    USE - In dual layer construction (claimed) with diffuser/current collector (DCC) for hydrogen fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances the electrical contact between the bipolar plate and the diffuser/current collector, as the electrical contact surfaces have microstructures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for dual layer construction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graphical representation of resistance and pressure characteristics of bipolar plate-DCC interface.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system consists of multiple cells (310,320,330)and common supply lines are provided for fuel (351) and oxidant (352). A common product purging mechanism (340) is coupled to the outlets for purging unused oxidant and side products. The outlets of a given cell are selectively opened to purge fuel and oxidant products from the cell while the outlets of other cells are kept closed.    USE - To improve operation of fuel cell by using a common supply line and a purging mechanism.    ADVANTAGE - All fluid feeds to each cell have the same composition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for a method of operating a fuel cell system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic drawing of fuel cell stack    Cells (310,321,33)    Purge valves (340)    Fuel (351)    Oxidant (352)
NOVELTY - The cells (100) are mounted on a supporting manifold (102) with connections (104,106,108,110) for circulating electrolyte fluid through the manifold and cells. Electrical terminals (112,114) are connected to the cells so that an electrical potential is created between the terminals. One way valves in the manifold open or close when a cell is engaged or disengaged from the manifold.    USE - To provide a battery architecture that facilitates the replacement of failed cells.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen fuel cell can be incorporated for removal of any hydrogen gas built up by the electrochemical cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for an electrochemical cell system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Battery with cells mounted on a manifold    Cell (100)    Manifold (102)    Fluid connections (104,106,108,110)    Terminals (112,114)
NOVELTY - A preferential oxidation catalyst is prepared by impregnating an alumina carrier having a low density and a high porosity with a source of ruthenium to provide ruthenium-containing composition having a ruthenium of 0.5-3 wt.%. The ruthenium-containing composition is reduced.    USE - The inventive method is for preparation of preferential oxidation catalyst used in preparing fuel gas stream for fuel cells, particularly for polymer electrode membrane fuel cells. The fuel cell is used in vehicle industry, i.e. for providing electro-fraction in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst of the invention can reduce the carbon monoxide in the prefox effluent to less than 50 ppm-vol at below 180 degrees C, particularly 160 degrees C.
NOVELTY - Dry granulated composition, (A), for treating sewage slurry at the bottom of a sewage digestion chamber comprising: (i) saprophytic waste-digesting bacteria (B), viable or dormant; and (ii) waste-degrading hydrolytic enzymes (I), dispersed in a matrix (C) that slowly and continuously releases (B) and (I) in water, over 1-14 days, is new.    USE - (A) are used to digest solids (including greases) in sewage digestors, or lagoons and pits containing human or animal waste.    ADVANTAGE - (A) prevents (B) and (I) being released into grey water, and thus loss of their activity and discharge from the system, so improve economics and reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Dry granulated composition, (A), for treating sewage slurry at the bottom of a sewage digestion chamber comprising:    (i) saprophytic waste-digesting bacteria (B), viable or dormant; and    (ii) waste-degrading hydrolytic enzymes (I), dispersed in a matrix (C) that slowly and continuously releases (B) and (I) in water, over 1-14 days.    (A) is denser than water so sinks, disperses in the bottom sludge and releases its ingredients there. It does not contain significant amounts of oxygen-generating compounds that would carry (B) and (I) away from the sludge. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) granules (A') comprising (B) dispersed in a matrix of surfactant (III) that forms 1-99wt.% of the total (B) + (III), where (III) dissolves in water at 20degreesC over 1-14 days;    (b) granules (A'') comprising (I) dispersed in a matrix of (III), at 1-80wt.% of total, and enough of a relatively dense material (D) to ensure that it sinks;    (c) method for treating sewage in a digestion chamber, or lagoons or pits containing human or animal waste, by adding (A); and    (d) producing a composition for treating waste water by incorporating (B) and (I) into a polyether heated to at least its softening point.
NOVELTY - An Aspergillus sp. strain mass-producing a thermostable phytase and decomposing phytic acid using the strain, are new. Therefore, the microorganism can be effectively used for foods and animal feed-stuff.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The Aspergillus sp. 5990 (KCTC 8939P) strain is isolated from the soil and mass-produces a thermostable phytase. It maintains its activity under conditions of high acidic and high temperature. The thermostable phytase is produced by incubating Aspergillus sp. 5990 (KCTC 8939P) in a medium containing 0.1 mM of calcium chloride and 0.05 % of inorganic phosphate at 35 degrees C and pH 7.0 for 4 days. The phytic acid in soybean wastes is decomposed by incubating Aspergillus sp. 5990 (KCTC 8939P) in a medium containing 50% of soybean wastes at 30 degrees C and pH 6.7 for 5 days.
NOVELTY - A microorganism, Rhodococcus pyridinovorans PDB9, decomposing aromatic compounds useful for purifying polluted environments without causing second pollution, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A microorganism, Rhodococcus pyridinovorans PDB9 (KCTC 0647BP), having the fully defined base sequence of 16S rRNA as given in the specification decomposes aromatic compounds comprising pyridine, 2-ethylpyridine, 2-methylpyridine, 2,4-dimethylpyridine, 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, phenol, aniline, benzene, o-chloroaniline, o-cresol, cyclohexanol, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2-nitrobenzoic acid, quinoline, and 4-quinoline, where the aromatic compounds are decomposed by incubating Rhodococcus pyridinovorans PDB9 (KCTC 0647BP) at 30 to 37 degrees C and pH 7.5 to 8.5, is new.
NOVELTY - A refrigerant composition is provided which shows the similar performance to HCFC-22 that is currently used by additionally mixing one constituent from RC-270, HFC-227ea, HFC-245cb, HFC-236ea, R-600, HFE-134 or HFE-245 to a mixture of HFC-32 and HFC-143a.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a composition of a refrigerant mixture which can be used instead of HCFC-22, the refrigerant mixture comprises 20 to 70 wt.% of difluoromethane (CH3F2, HFC-32) as a first constituent, 10 to 70 wt.% of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CH3CF3, CFC-143a) as a second constituent, and 45 wt.% or less of cyclopropane (C3H6, RC-270) or butane (C4H10, R-600) as a third constituent, wherein each of the HFC-32, HFC-143a and RC-270 comprise 20 to 40 wt.%, 30 to 70 wt.% and 30 wt.% or less respectively, and wherein each of the HFC-32, HFC-143a and R-600 comprise 30 to 50 wt.%, 38 to 70 wt.% and 12 wt.% or less respectively.
NOVELTY - Sludge and mineral salt of flocculant for dehydration, are added in a fermentation tank (10). Air is supplied and aerobic fermentation is performed. Ground shellfish shell (4) is added to dehydrated cake (1). The pH of the mixture is regulated and crushed used paper (7) is added. Air is supplied to the above mixture (9) and fermented. Organic substance is decomposed by microorganism and deodorized.    USE - For fermenting sludge generator by human waste process plant and sewage works.    ADVANTAGE - The favorable composed product without bad smell which rich in fiber content is formed by the method. Decomposition and deodorization of organic substance is carried out simultaneously. Complete fermentation is performed without leaving any non-fermented material inside the tank. The pH and acidity of the dehydrated cake is regulated by adding shellfish shell containing high amount of calcium and minerals. The waste oyster shell is effectively utilized. The filamentous fungi in the compost cake inhibits the pathogenic microbe in the soil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of composed method of dehydrated cake. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Dehydrated cake (1)    Oyster shell (2)    Ground shellfish shell (4)    Crushed used paper (7)    Mixture (9)    Fermentation tank (10)
NOVELTY - Sludge disposal involves concentrating, performing optional anaerobic digesting, dehydrating and drying of liquid sewage sludge in a fuel-formation process, to obtain a solid fuel. The fuel is burnt, and the electric power and the waste heat generated are reused for the fuel-formation of sewage sludge.    USE - For the disposal of co-generation sludge obtained in a fuel-formation process.    ADVANTAGE - Energy efficiency of the whole sludge disposal system is improved. Energy conservation of sewage works is achieved. Environmental pollution is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of co-generation sludge disposal. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A heat exchanger (8) connected to an exhaust port (24) increases the temperature of exhaust gas from a combustion-deodorization furnace (9). The hot gas is supplied to a jet pipe (10) connected to the exhaust port, for preventing the formation of dew in the air supply flow path (R1), especially within the jet pipe.    USE - Dew formation prevention mechanism in a drier for recycling home refuse or industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - As the formation of dew in the air supply flow path is prevented by supplying hot gas to the jet pipe, bad influence due to formation of dew is eliminated during refuse recycling, at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for dew formation prevention.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a drier for recycling solid refuse. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat exchanger (8)    Combustion-deodorization furnace (9)    Jet pipe (10)    Exhaust port (24)    Air supply flow path (R1)
NOVELTY - The de-sulfurizing apparatus has a tank (1) for supplying raw material oil. A preheater (2) heats the oil and a de-sulfurizer (3) de-sulfurizes the oil. The de-sulfurized oil is vaporized by a vaporizer (4) and is supplied to a modifier. The raw material oil is kerosene.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - De-sulfurization is effectively performed and the de-sulfurized oil is used for long duration. The vaporized gas is supplied to a modifier and hydrogen production is efficiently performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for de-sulfurizing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the de-sulfurizing apparatus for fuel cells. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Tank (1)    Preheater (2)    De-sulfurizer (3)    Vaporizer (4)
NOVELTY - A catalyst (7) for accelerating gas combustion is placed in the gas passageway (5) through which uncombusted gas is guided from an enclosed oven chamber (3) to a burner (8).    USE - For carbonizing inflammable organic substances such as organic refuse, paper diapers, paper refuse, timber and plastics.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a simple apparatus by reducing the number of parts, hence reduces the manufacturing cost. Reduces fuel consumption, as the catalyst speeds up gas combustion. Also, prevents the generation of smoke, exhaust gas and any other odor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a single burner-type carbonization apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Oven chamber (3)    Gas passageway (5)    Catalyst (7)    Burner (8)
NOVELTY - A heater heats a target object (3) which is input to a heating furnace (1) through an injection unit (7). A gas treatment unit (8) performs combustion or oxidation of gas which is output to a ventilating fan (6) which removes gas produced from the target object, by suction.    USE - For dry distillation of waste material containing inflammable organic substances from houses, plants, food processing factories, vehicles and electrical appliances, to obtain carbonized material.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient dry distillation of waste material containing inflammable organic substances.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the waste material dry distillation processing apparatus.    Heating furnace (1)    Target object (3)    Ventilating fan (6)    Injection unit (7)    Gas treatment unit (8)
NOVELTY - A porous material having hexagonal or cubic pore sequence structure is made to absorb a gas, under high pressure and above super-critical temperature of the gas. The mean pore diameter in the material is 1.5-50 nm. The density of gas inside the pores is made higher than the density of the gas outside the pores. The gas for densification is preferably methane.    USE - For concentration of gases especially methane.    ADVANTAGE - The density of the gas that is concentrated can be enlarged to a wide range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graphical representation of relationship between methane gas pressure during densification and methane density, for different porous materials. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - Vinyl house (1) has plant cultivation space (PCS), electrolyzer (14) for electrolyzing water to oxygen and hydrogen, and modifier (11) to produce natural gas, hydrogen and carbon dioxide (CO2). Fuel cell (10) forms electrical and heat energy by reacting hydrogen produced in modifier, and oxygen. CO2 generated in modifier, and energy generated by cell are supplied to PCS, to adjust cultivation environment.    USE - For agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Effective consumption of energy is enabled by using together the fuel cell, solar battery and wind power apparatus. The cultivation environment for plant growth is adjusted effectively, in vinyl house.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vinyl house comprises a plant cultivation space surrounded by vinyl film, solar battery, electrolyzer which carries out electrolysis of water to oxygen and hydrogen, using the electrical energy generated by the solar battery. The modifier produces natural gas, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and fuel cell forms electrical energy and heat energy by reacting hydrogen produced in the modifier, and oxygen. The hydrogen reservoir stores the hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer and modifier. The carbon dioxide generated in the modifier and the electrical energy and heat energy generated by the fuel cell are supplied to plant cultivation space to adjust the cultivation environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of vinyl house for agriculture. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Vinyl house (1)    Main power supply (8)    Fuel cell (10)    Modifier (11)    Electrolyzer (14)    Oxygen reservoir (22)    Wind power apparatus (26)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen is produced by heating hydrogen-producing material containing a mixture of at least two types of hydrides.    USE - In synthetic chemical industry, petroleum refining and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Thermolysis is accelerated by the synergistic effect of hydride combination and large quantity of hydrogen is produced efficiently, at low temperature in short time without use of a catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen-producing material containing mixture of at least two types of hydrides.
NOVELTY - The oxidation catalyst contains ruthenium, platinum and at least one compound of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or rare earth metal. The amount of alkali, alkaline earth or rare earth metal (obtained by conversion of their respective compound in the catalyst) is 0.1-3 wt.%.    USE - For selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in methanol reformed gas, used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The oxidation catalyst selectively oxidizes carbon monoxide in large temperature range. The oxygen transfer capability in the catalyst is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of carbon monoxide (CO) removal which involves contacting mixed gas of methanol reformed gas and oxidation gas containing oxygen with the selective oxidation catalyst. CO is selectively oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO2), therefore the CO in methanol is selectively removed.
NOVELTY - A chamber has a rotary stirrer (2) attached with agitators (13a-13c) for agitating the waste materials. A heating device (4) with multiple heating zones (21) is located at the outer periphery of the furnace, to heat and carbonize the waste materials. A pressure reduction device (3) comprising a pump (19) is connected to the chamber to achieve a reduced pressure inside the chamber.    USE - For carbonizing organic refuse, e.g. waste foodstuff, waste bones of fish, plastics, papers etc., obtained from supermarkets, restaurants, schools, houses and industries.    ADVANTAGE - Energy conservation is achieved due to the combination of stirring effect and heating of waste material at reduced pressure condition inside the furnace, so that carbonization is carried out at the low temperature. Since the carbonized waste material is returned to soil, environmental conservation is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An insertion opening (6) for feeding waste material and a vertical exhaust pipe (8) are attached to the furnace. An extraction chute is connected to the chamber to convey the carbonized waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front view of the carbonization furnace.    Rotary stirrer (2)    pressure reduction device (3)    Heating device (4)    Insertion opening (6)    Vertical exhaust pipe (8)    Agitators (13a-13c)    Pump (19)    Heating zones (21)
NOVELTY - Stages of rotary kiln units (10,20,30) have rotary kilns (11,21,31). A gas passage (12) with many ventilation holes is formed in each rotary kiln. A wind box (15) for air supply and a wind box (16) for exhaust gas are respectively provided at lower and upper surface sides of the outer barrel. The exhaust wind box of each rotary kiln is connected to the supply wind box of the adjacent rotary kiln to a combustor (42,43).    USE - For the continuous carbonization of solid waste or construction waste material.    ADVANTAGE - Improves contact of solid waste with air, by providing a gas passage in each rotary kiln of multi-stage kiln units. The carbonization gas is effectively used by providing multiple stage of rotary kiln units and thereby solid moisture with high moisture content can be effectively carbonized with less fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a continuous solid waste carbonization apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Rotary kiln units (10,20,30)    Rotary kilo (11,21,31)    Gas passage (12)    Wind boxes (15,16)
NOVELTY - Use of aerosol composition of cosmetic or dermatological type comprising propulsion agent of boiling point (-40)-(+5)degreesC and fluorine compound of boiling point 20-80 degreesC, to produce effect of freshness upon application onto keratinic matter, especially skin, and/or refreshing aerosol composition.    USE - As deodorant, hair spray, skin care or make-up product, solar product, skin perfume product, or make-up removal product.    ADVANTAGE - Freshening effect is produced without burning sensation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) use of the propulsion agent of boiling point (-40)-(+5)degreesC and fluorine compound of boiling point 20-80 degreesC in a cosmetic or dermatological composition producing effect of freshness upon application onto keratin matter, especially skin, and/or refreshing aerosol composition;    (2) a cosmetic or dermatological aerosol composition comprising, in acceptable medium, propulsion agent of boiling point (-40)-(+5)degreesC, with exclusion of hydrofluorocarbons, or hydrofluorocarbon propulsion agent of same boiling point, and also at least one fluorine compound of boiling point 10-80 degreesC;    (3) a process of make-up or skin care comprising application of composition as claimed; and    (4) an aerosol product comprising container with composition as claimed, and distribution means.
NOVELTY - Isopentane is disproportionated by contacting a hydrocarbon feed comprising isopentane and a lower paraffin with an acidic disproportionation catalyst in a reaction zone under disproportionation reaction conditions.    USE - For disproportionating isopentane.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method increases the conversion of isopentane in an isopentane disproportionation process by adding a lower paraffin to the isopentane feed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for upgrading an alkylation reaction product comprising:    (a) alkylating an isoparaffin with an olefin in the presence of an alkylation catalyst to form an alkylation reaction mixture comprising an alkylation reaction product and the alkylation catalyst;    (b) combining the alkylation reaction mixture with a disproportionation reaction mixture comprising a disproportionation reaction product and an acidic disproportionation catalyst to form a combined mixture;    (c) separating the hydrocarbon phase from the combined mixture;    (d) separating the hydrocarbon phase into at least an n-butane/i-pentane mixture stream comprising n-butane and isopentane; and    (e) charging the n-butane mixture stream mixture to a disproportionation reaction zone for contact, under disproportionation reaction conditions with the acidic disproportionation catalyst, and optionally, in the presence of an initiator to form the disproportionation reaction mixture.
NOVELTY - The present invention provides a liquid mixed gas fuel-new energy power gas, the raw material for preparing said new energy power gas includes limestone, coke, water and catalyst, it utilizes the processes of roasting, electrolysis and hydrolysis so as to obtain gas mixture of four gases of CO, CH4, H2 and C2H2. Said invented power gas possesses extensive application range, can be used in the fields of motor-driven vehicle, power plant, civil boiler and domestic cooking, etc. It is simple in production process, has no pollution, its by-product industrial waste slag can be reused to produce brick.
NOVELTY - An active organophosphorus fertilizer is prepared from tobacco leftover, plant stalk or stem, grain husk, powdered phosphorus ore, and a bacterial strain through brewing fermentation. Its advantages are a simple process, rich organophosphorus, and more functions of increasing crop yield, improving quality of crops, increasing fertility of soil and improving soil.
NOVELTY - A reactor comprises a shell assembly with an inlet (1) and an outlet (8), a flow path having a steam reformer section with a first catalyst and a water gas shift reactor section with a second catalyst, a heating section for heating the reformer section, and a cooling section for cooling the shift reactor section. The reformer section is located upstream of the water gas shift reactor section.    USE - The reactor is used for the production of hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. natural gas, propane, liquefied petroleum gas, alcohol, naphtha and other hydrocarbon fuels. It is used where less than 15000 standard ft3/hour of hydrogen are required. The hydrogen can be used in industrial applications including feedstock for ammonia synthesis and other chemical processes, in the metal processing industry for semiconductor manufacture and in other industrial applications, petroleum desulfurization, and hydrogen production plant for the merchant gas market. It can also be used in building fuel cell power stations, fuel vehicle refueling stations, and fuel cell mobile power plant hydrogen generation.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor offers lower heat loss, lower parts count, lower thermal mass, and greater safety than the many separate components employed in a conventional system. It is less complex and more space-sensitive than conventional systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of hydrogen comprising feeding at least one fuel from natural gas, propane, liquefied petroleum gas, alcohols, naphtha, and/or hydrocarbon fuels, into the above reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the reactor.    Inlet (1)    Tubes (3)    Inlet tube header (4)    First catalyst (5)    Outlet tube header (6)    Outlet (8)    Shell assembly (10)    Second catalyst (50)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell stack has at least one interconnector disposed among a number of juxtaposed, flat solid-oxide fuel cells. The interconnector can provide electrical connection between at least two of the cells and is configured to provide fuel and oxidant channels integrally formed with one another on opposing surfaces of the interconnector.    USE - Connection of solid oxide fuel cells to achieve higher voltages.    ADVANTAGE - The interconnector provides a stack that is simple in design, has reduced overall thickness, and allows flexibility in flow of a fuel and oxidant such that it permits cross-flow, co-flow, counterflow and radial flow of fuel and oxidant without having to alter stack design for any one particular flow pattern. Moreover, the interconnector requires less material and fewer processing steps for its manufacture than in the prior art.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The stack can comprise alternating cells and interconnectors. The interconnector (20) has a number of first extensions (13a) on a first surface (20) of the interconnector and a number of depressions (22b) on a second surface of the interconnector. The extensions and depressions are integrally formed with one another to provide a number of oxidant pathways and fuel pathways. The connected fuel cells have an anode layer (19), an electrolyte layer (18) and a cathode layer (17).    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are given for solid oxide fuel stacks and an improved interconnector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side, cross-sectional view of an interconnector disposed between two solid oxide fuel cells according to an embodiment of the invention.    Interconnector (12)    First extensions (13a)    Oxidant pathway (14)    Cathode layer (17)    Electrolyte layer (18)    Anode layer of fuel cell (19)    First surface of interconnector (20)    Second depressions (22b)    Fuel pathway (23)
NOVELTY - A method for treating enzyme by reacting cellulose with cellulase to give glucose in a reaction at higher pressure.    USE - The method is particularly for decomposing cellulose in waste to protect environment and reuse resources.    ADVANTAGE - Such method is efficient in the decomposition of difficult to handle materials on large scale quickly, at normal or higher temperature.
NOVELTY - Butane and hexane product streams are prepared by contacting a pentane containing paraffinic feedstock with a catalyst including (de)hydrogenation catalyst and an olefin metathesis catalyst to give a product stream, and isolating butane and hexane fractions from the stream leaving a fractions including unconverted pentanes.    USE - The method is used for preparing hexane and butane product streams (claimed) from a feedstock including pentanes. The butane fraction can be used in, e.g. in an alkylation reaction to provide compounds useful in gasoline compositions or used to form other compounds, e.g. butanol and butadiene. The hexane fraction can be used, e.g. as solvents and also gasoline compositions.    ADVANTAGE - The does not require a Flexi-cracker or capital intensive equipment. It is effective and has inexpensive processing cost.
NOVELTY - A gas diffusion layer (84) that is usable with a fuel cell includes a material that is adapted to permit a reactant fuel cell to diffuse through the material. The material includes flow channels for communicating the reactant so that a portion of the reactant diffuses through the material to a membrane of a fuel cell. The gas diffusion layer may be received by a recessed portion of a plate (62).    USE - As fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Minimizes number of components that are handled in assembly of stack. Increased structural integrity of fuel cell stack and increased fuel cell performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a gas diffusion layer and a method usable with a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded bottom perspective view of an anode cooler plate assembly of the fuel cell stack.    plate (62)    gas diffusion layer (84)
NOVELTY - A channel has protrusions (8) and recesses (7) which provide different flow paths for gases on the front surface and the back surface of a central portion. Each channel has a tilted end portion.    USE - For solid polymer fuel cells used in electrically-driven automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains durable and cost-effective solid polymer fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a solid polymer fuel cell;    (b) and a solid polymer fuel cell separator production.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isometric view of the stack structure of a separator.    Recesses (7)    Protrusions (8)
NOVELTY - Sludge, cellulosic material and binder are mixed in a specific weight ratio depending on their moisture contents, forming dry granules which are coated with a layer of a mixture of binder and sludge.    USE - Biofuel particles comprising sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The biofuel can be added to the oven directly or can be stored prior to burning without any special provisions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for burning sewage sludge comprises mixing the sludge with particulate combustible cellulosic material (e.g. sawdust) and a binder comprising biofuel ash and/or unslaked lime, and using the mixture as a fuel for a biofuel-burning oven. The sludge, which contains 65-85 wt.% water, cellulosic material and binder are mixed using a screw in an approximate weight ratio of 30:60:10 when the moisture contents are 75, 50 and 0 % respectively. The resulting dry, granular material predominantly comprising individual cellulosic particles is coated with a layer of a mixture of binder and sludge. The resulting biofuel can be added directly to the oven or it can be stored prior to burning. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the biofuel obtained by this method.
NOVELTY - The granule components are mixed using a rotating drum (1) or plate with inwards-facing semispherical bowls (2) on the inside.    USE - For mixing sludge from a sewage works or effluent treatment plant with a combustible material to form a fuel product.    ADVANTAGE - A more uniform granule size is obtained and the method is less sensitive to the moisture content of the granule materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for preparing granules that contain one or more materials chosen from sludge, sawdust, peat, fibre resin, pitch, tallow oil, wax, paraffin, rapeseed oil, whey, paper pulp or lignin, is carried out using an continuously operating rotating drum or plate. The material is rotated around the inside of the drum or plate, which is provided with inwards-facing semispherical bowls with concave cavities.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the device, in the form of a continuously operating drum.    Drum (1)    Bowls (2)    Outer diameter of drum (3)    Drum length (4)    Sieve (5)    Mixing and homogenisation device (6)    Screw conveyor (7)
NOVELTY - Preparation of the biopreparation used for increase of soil productivity and recovery of broken soils. The novel strain Azotobacter chroococcum 2E-16 is obtained by analytical selection of natural isolates by principle of selection of high productive producers eliciting sufficiently high nitrogenase activity, antibiotic activity with respect to microorganism-phytopathogens and high adaptability in soil and grounds. Strain is deposited in collection of microorganisms AOZT Bioflora at N B-05. The Strain is used as a producer for preparing the biopreparation used in agriculture for recovery of broken soils and for increase of soil productivity. The preparation comprises a bacterial culture of Azotobacter chroococcum 2E-16 grown in nitrogen free nutrient medium, substrate-carrier as turf or biohumus, sodium benzoate as a stabilizing agent, calcium propionate, ascorbate taken in the total amount 0.001-0.03% and trace elements as chelates of Zn, Mg, Mn, Fe, Co and Mo taken in the amount 0.0001-0.002%, potassium humate taken in the amount 0.1-3% and growth regulating agent as derivatives of arachidonic acid taken in the amount 10-3-10-5 %. Addition of calculated amount of bacterial culture Azotobacter chrococcum 2E-16 or the preparation based on results to the soil sanitation, enhances its productivity.    USE - Biotechnology, agriculture microbiology.    ADVANTAGE - The novel strain Azotobacter chroococcum 2E-16 has valuable agriculture properties, decreased consumption of mineral nitrogen fertilizers, increased yield and enhanced quality of crops.
NOVELTY - Load of a pressure fluctuation suction type separation apparatus is calculated based on calculated mean pressure value of a product gas holder. Based on mean pressure and weight coefficient, amount of load fluctuation of apparatus is calculated. Load of apparatus is estimated based on calculated load and amount of load fluctuation, based on which duration of each process and quantity of raw material gas supply are controlled.    USE - For manufacturing industrial gas e.g. hydrogen, town gas, liquefied petroleum gas, naphtha, hydrocarbon gas.    ADVANTAGE - Since the amount of raw material gas introduced into the apparatus and the duration of each process are controlled based on estimated load of the apparatus, there is no load variation in the apparatus. Hence the need for a huge product gas holder is avoided and size of the gas separation installation is reduced. The recovery of gas is enhanced.
NOVELTY - The raw material oil containing desulfurized naphtha, alcohol, town gas or liquefied petroleum gas, is contacted with nickel group desulfurizing agent containing 30 weight% or more of metal nickel. Desulfurization is carried out such that sulfur content is maintained less than 20 weight ppb.    USE - For fuel cells in motor vehicles and for consumer applications and industrial use.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient manufacture of fuel oil with minimum sulfur concentration utilized for hydrogen formation for fuel cells mounted in motor vehicles. The manufactured fuel oil can be efficiently utilized in the continuous operation of modification processing apparatus for fuel cells, for prolonged period.
NOVELTY - A porous ceramic hydrogen column (3) having silver-palladium (Ag-Pd) alloy layer (3a) of thickness 10-30 microns in its internal circumference is fixed to a metal fixing unit (6) through a metallic layer (8) with Ag-Cu-Ti alloy of thickness 5-60 microns and a brazing material layer (9) in a furnace. The melting point of the brazing material layer is less than that of the Ag-Pd alloy and more than 700 degreesC.    USE - For generating hydrogen from methanol etc for hydrogen fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Bonding strength degradation of hydrogen column is prevented even in high temperature environments (more than 500 degreesC). Avoids damage caused to the reformer due to vibration, thereby improving life span.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view of the fixing unit and hydrogen column.    Porous ceramic hydrogen column (3)    Ag-Pd alloy layer (3a)    Metal fixing unit (6)    Metallic layer (8)    Brazing material layer (9)
NOVELTY - The de-sulfurizing agent has a ratio (A/B) of 1 or less, by X-ray diffraction measurement (Cu-K alpha-rays, 1.5418 Angstrom ), A and B are strength of diffraction line appearing at 2theta = 7-15degrees, and 2theta = 40-50degrees, respectively.    USE - For fuel cells used in consumer applications, industries and motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Sulfur content in petroleum group hydrocarbons used in fuel cells is effectively absorbed and removed. De-sulfurized property of the hydrocarbon is maintained for long duration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen manufacture used for fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen gas separation unit (A) consists of a hydrogen gas separation property material (13), laminated on one or more sides of a metal support (11) using a clad processing method, to obtain a clad plate. The clad plate is cut, and is subjected to punching by etching the metal support. The material having hydrogen gas separation property is palladium or palladium alloy foil.    USE - For separating hydrogen gas from mixed gas containing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Sufficient adhesion is maintained between the metal support and the hydrogen gas separation property material. A hydrogen gas separation property material without a pinhole, is used efficiently. Hydrogen gas of high purity is separated efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the hydrogen gas separation unit.    Hydrogen gas separation unit (A)    Metal support (11)    Hydrogen gas separation property material (13)
NOVELTY - A modifier (3) converts original fuel supplied from an original fuel tank (2) into a hydrogen rich reformed gas. A fuel cell (4) uses hydrogen in converted reformed gas as the fuel, for power generation. The waste heat delivered from the fuel cell and modifier are collected and stored in the original fuel tank itself.    USE - For fuel cell electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Since separate arrangement of thermal storage tank is eliminated, size of co-generation system is reduced, thus installation of co-generation system in residence of city area is possible. Since waste heat is stored in original fuel tank, kerosene is pre-heated in original fuel tank itself. Thus, thermal efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell co-generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel tank (2)    Modifier (3)    Fuel cell (4)
NOVELTY - An evaporator (22), a modifier (26), a combustor and carbon monoxide (CO) selective oxidation device are integrally accommodated in a casing (44). The casing also has fuel reforming chamber (40) and gas passageway (42) between each component.    USE - Fuel reformer for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Since fuel reforming chamber and gas passageway between each component are provided in the casing, the structure of the whole fuel reformer is simplified. As the evaporator, modifier, combustor and CO selective oxidation device are integrally accommodated in the casing, size reduction is attained easily. Fuel reformer can be manufactured economically. Installation space is made narrow, so that effective utilization of space is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded isometric view of the fuel reformer.    Evaporator (22)    Modifier (26)    Fuel reforming chamber (40)    Gas passage way (42)    Casing (44)
NOVELTY - Continuous composting comprises using tunnels (1) filled with organic waste. Each tunnel has a floor (11) and two walls (13) supporting guide rails (12). A fermenter (16) with a spiral mixer formed by paddles along a shaft slides along the guide rails to stir the material in each tunnel in turn. Each tunnel has devices (24) collecting gas produced by the fermenting waste.    USE - Used for composting poultry manure, vegetable waste and sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a composting apparatus.    Composting tunnels (1)    Ends of tunnels (2,3)    Connecting tunnel (6)    Vertical walls (7,13,15)    Transfer device (8)    Transfer rails (10)    Floor (11)    Guide rails (12)    Fermenter (16)    Door (20)    Door (21)    Film (22,23)    Manifold (24)
NOVELTY - Processing of a 4C cut from the fractionation of crude oil comprises: (A) extractive distillation; (B) selective hydrogenation by heterogeneous catalysis; and (C) distillation to obtain 1,3-butadiene whereby steps (A) and (B) are carried out in individual columns or thermally coupled columns and step (C) is carried out in a second column.    USE - The process is useful for the recovery of 1,4-butadiene from a carbon four distillation fraction.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple and has a reduced capital cost in comparison to prior art processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus to carry out the process comprising a separating wall column (TK) in which the separating wall lies in the longitudinal axis of the column to form a common upper column section (1), a common lower column section (6), inlet sections (2a, 2b, 4) and outlets sections (3a, 3b, 5a, 5b) whereby hydrogen (H) is added to the lower section (6); unreacted hydrogen is separated from the vapor stream of condensable light boiling components from (TK) in a condenser (K) with recycle via a compressor (V) to the lower section (6); with passage of the 1,3-butadiene containing stream (B) from the outlet sections (3a, 3b, 5a, 5b) of (TK) at a position beneath the inlet (F) for sections (2a, 2b, 4); and passage of the stream (B) for purification by distillation (step (C)).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic diagram of the apparatus.    Separating wall column (TK)    Low boiling components outlet (A)    1,3-butadiene stream (B)    High boiling components (C)    Extraction agent (E)    4C inlet stream (F)    Hydrogen stream (H)    Condenser (K)    Sump evaporator (S)    Separator (T)    Upper section (1)    Inlet section (2a, 2b, 4)    Outlet section (3a, 3b, 5a, 5b)    Lower section (6)
NOVELTY - A method for raising yield of phosphoric bacteria of biological fertilizer, it is characterized by that in the liquid culture medium for fermentation of phosphoric bacteria it not only contains carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salt, but also it increase oxygenation agent. The method can promptly supplement lots of oxygen gas required for thalline being in logarithmic growth phase, and can raise utilization rate of nutrient source so as to raise yield of phosphoric bacteria by 1-5 times, reduce cost and raise fertilizer efficiency.
NOVELTY - An amino acid biological fertilizer consists of potassium containing amino acid solution 1-15 weight%. Fermented animal manure comprising 40-60 weight% of animal manure, beer residue, rape dregs, tung seed dregs, cotton dregs and bean dregs, and 35-45 weight% of inorganic fertilizer containing trace elements. It has the advantages of high fertilizer utilization, proper acting speed, and the capacity to improve soil and crop quality.
NOVELTY - Following pre-comminution, screening separates raw materials. A further screening takes place after the first of two stages which turn the compost over.    USE - A composting unit for e.g. organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Greater composting throughput is achieved for the same plant size, than in prior art. Composting requires a smaller residence time. Little odor is emitted. Air introduced by the fan, provides oxygen and cooling; control assures that overheating with adverse effects, does not occur.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for equipment carrying out the process. Mechanical equipment (B, D, E, G) breaking down and turning the composting materials, is followed by screens (C, F) and a further unit (H) for final composting. Preferred features: During the first turning, the moisture content is adjusted to the optimum value, for which sewage sludge and/or water, or aqueous materials are added. During the second turning, and/or during composting, air is supplied in accordance with the temperature of the material. After first and/or second turning, the composted material is granulated. In the equipment, a chamber includes the rollers with cutters. One roller which can be moved axially is surrounded by several others. A screw conveyor recycles the product. A blower assists composting in the turning unit (D). Temperature is measured at the turning unit and is used to control the blower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic side elevation of the composting equipment appears.    mechanical equipment breaking down and turning compost (B, D, E, G)    screens (C, F)    turning unit (D)    final composting unit (H)
NOVELTY - A biofilm is prevented or removed from a surface by contacting it with a composition comprising acylase(s) and a carrier to degrade a lactone produced by microorganism(s).    USE - For preventing or removing biofilm on hard, soft or porous surfaces. Hard surfaces include metal, plastic, rubber, board, glass, wood, paper, concrete, rock, marble, gypsum and ceramic materials, which can be coated with e.g. paint or enamel. Soft surfaces include fibers e.g. yarn, textile, vegetable fiber, rock wool and hair. Porous surfaces include human or animal skin, keratinous materials e.g. nails and internal organs e.g. lungs. The hard surfaces can be part of a cooling tower, water treatment plant, water tank, dairy, food processing plant, chemical or pharmaceutical plant, medical devices e.g. catheter, orthopedic devices or implants. The porous surface can be part of a filter e.g. filter membrane.
NOVELTY - In carrying exothermic reaction(s) and endothermic reaction(s) in a single reactor housing, the reactions are carried out (partly) in separate zones in the same fluid stream, which passes along a plate-type partition (partly) coated with catalyst, where it (partly) reacts, then turns at least at one end of the partition and reacts further along the other side of the partition, such that the total heat change in reactions occurring on the front is balanced by that on the back.    USE - The process is used for reforming methanol and/or producing hydrogen (H2) by exothermic oxidation on one side and steam reforming on the back of the plate; the reactor is used for recovering H2 and/or producing synthesis gas from methanol or hydrocarbons; and the process and reactor are used for recovering H2 in mobile reactor systems for providing fuel cells with H2 (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method of carrying out exothermic and endothermic catalytic reactions makes it possible to optimize thermal control by thermal coupling of the 2 types of reaction. It uses a very simple reactor with very efficient heat exchange between the 2 reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the reactor used in the above process, comprising plate-type partition(s), coated with catalyst(s), at least in some zones and consisting of a material with good heat conductance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective and schematic view of the catalytic plate reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reactor housing (1)    Plates (3)    Reaction gases (5)    Reaction zones (7, 11)    Fluid stream turned at end of plate (9)    Outlet (13)    Heat flow (15)
NOVELTY - The solid polymer fuel cell (6) comprises a water tank (21) where processed water used for cooling the fuel cell (6) is collected. Cooling water supply, reaction air supply and fuel gas supply apparatus are provided for supplying fuel gas for electrode reaction. The reaction air supply apparatus humidifies the fuel gas by passing the reaction air through the water tank.    USE - None given    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell system.    Solid polymer fuel cell (6)    Water tank (21)
NOVELTY - A hot box chamber (102) accommodates a waste energy recovery assembly (126) and a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack (124). A pressure regulator (134) in the hot box chamber exhausts the purge gas (116) from the chamber through the waste energy recovery assembly, based on the internal gas pressure.    USE - Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system used as auxiliary power source for on-board electrical equipment in transportation vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The efficient operation of the SOFC system permits electrical power to be generated on-board a vehicle even when the primary internal combustion engine is not operating. The pressure regulator prevents back flow of SOFC gas into the hot box chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for pressure regulation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exemplary system mechanization of a transportation industry SOFC system.    Hot box chamber (102)    Purge gas (116)    SOFC stack (124)    Waste energy recovery assembly (126)    Pressure regulator (134)
NOVELTY - A power switching device (9) connects a charging resistor (10) which consumes high current, to output of the fuel cell when fuel system is halted, and connects another resistor (11) which consumes low current when output of fuel cell becomes less than a predetermined value.    USE - Fuel cell system for vehicles using hydrogen as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Even if high power is consumed in the discharging resistor of low ohmic value, the resistor does not become red hot and humidified hydrogen does not catch fire resulting in safety. Residual hydrogen is consumed until output voltage becomes 0 volts without causing damage to the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell system for vehicles.    Power switching device (9)    Charging resistors (10,11)
NOVELTY - A reversible physiological process (M) for temporal separation of oxygen evolution and hydrogen production in a microorganism (I), involves growing culture of (I) in medium under illuminated conditions to accumulate endogenous substrate, depleting from medium a nutrient such as sulfur, iron and/or manganese, sealing culture from atmospheric oxygen, incubating culture in light, and collecting evolved gas.    USE - (M) is useful for the temporal separation of oxygen evolution and hydrogen production in a microorganism (claimed). (M) is useful for sustained photobiological hydrogen gas production in cultures of microorganisms, such as C.reinhardtii.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reversible physiological process (M) for temporal separation of oxygen evolution and hydrogen production in a microorganism (I), involves growing culture of (I) in medium under illuminated conditions to accumulate endogenous substrate, depleting from medium a nutrient such as sulfur, iron and/or manganese, sealing culture from atmospheric oxygen, incubating culture in light, where a rate of light-induced oxygen production is equal to or less than a rate of respiration and collecting evolved gas.
NOVELTY - Reducing the symptoms of intestinal distress caused by hydrogen gas trapped in the intestines. Hydrogen-consuming microbes (A) are introduced into the large intestines and allowed to grow for long enough to eliminate excess accumulations of hydrogen. (A) metabolize hydrogen, at normal atmospheric pressure, so accelerate its elimination without significant side, toxic or immunological effects.    USE - The method is used to alleviate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, spastic colon and flatulence.    ADVANTAGE - (A) are naturally present in the human gut.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for fermenting and drying compost material is provided to activate microorganisms in the compost material to accelerate the fermentation process and to reduce water content therein, to shorten the operation time and to enable mass production of compost product by utilizing organic wastes from food, fish and shellfish, livestock by-product and so on.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises a tank (110) equipped with a hoper (112) and a fan (114) at top portion whereas a discharging port (113) at bottom portion of the apparatus; agitating rollers (120) moved by respective motors and having blades (121) rotating at gradually high speed from the hopper toward the port (113); a hot wind providing plate (131) to supply the hot wind from the hot blowing device (130) into the tank (110). The plate (131) is equipped to internal top portion of the tank (110) and having spraying nozzles (132) between the rollers (120) to regularly distribute the supplied hot air. The blades (121) are installed in a zig-zag path within the tank (110).
NOVELTY - Fuel reformer comprises a modifier (26) having a catalyst portion (CP) (114a-114e) whose surface direction is set orthogonal to flow direction of reforming fuel. A cylindrical pipeline (116) having gas introduction ports (122) on its periphery, is inserted in center section of CP. A filter is arranged at gas introduction side of CP, to supply reforming fuel introduced from gas introduction ports to CP.    USE - For reforming hydrocarbon fuel to form a reformed gas containing hydrogen for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Effective usage of catalyst portion can be planned. The fuel reformer has simple structure, and reduced size. The reforming fuel is supplied uniformly to the surface of catalyst portion, and reformed efficiently and reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of modifier mounted with the filter.    Modifier (26)    Catalyst portion (114a-114e)    Cylindrical pipeline (116)    Filter (120)    Gas introduction ports (122)
NOVELTY - Processing of waste vegetables involves crushing waste vegetables, squeeze-filtrating the crushed material, drying squeeze-filtrated residuum, and utilizing the obtained product as fodder for animals.    USE - For processing waste vegetables, such as harvested leaf vegetables, phosphorus-containing stem vegetables, root crops, cereals and fruit vegetables, for forming charcoal, and feed for animals.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient processing of waste vegetables which are conventionally discarded as disposal or utilized for compost. The processed waste vegetables can be efficiently utilized as charcoal or feed (for animals) with reduced amount of eutrophy, as the eutrophy portion of the vegetables are effectively separated by heating. Hence, the charcoal or feed, easily dilutes in water.
NOVELTY - The joining method of a cylindrical support involves joining porous metal cylindrical pipe(s) support and a fine non-porous metallic component, by friction welding. The porous metal cylindrical pipe support has relative density of 60-95%.    USE - For joining cylindrical support for hydrogen permeation.    ADVANTAGE - Crack defects and void produced during welding of porous metal cylindrical pipe(s) and fine non-porous metallic component, are prevented. The porous metal cylindrical pipe(s) and fine non-porous metallic component are joined easily and efficiently. Hydrogen is permeated efficiently through the pipes. Hydrogen gas manufacturing apparatus utilizing the cylindrical support produces hydrogen gas of high purity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cylindrical pipe support for joining.
NOVELTY - The heat exchanger (42) has the reforming raw material flow tube and catalyst holder, welding fixed partially.    USE - For fuel reformer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Simplification of the manufacturing of heat exchanger is attained. The heat exchange property is maintained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat exchanger has corrugated partition plate and the contact plate welding fixed partially. The corrugated partition plate partitions the fluid flow route. The length of the welding fixation portion from the fluid outlet end and from the fluid inlet end is set as a predetermined length. The partition route formed by the partition plate and the contact plate in the catalyst holder causes an exothermic reaction within the surface. The temperature of heat exchange is less than or equal to 600 degreesC.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel reformer which forms hydrogen rich gas by reforming the raw material containing hydrocarbon type fuel. The reformer arranges the raw material flow tube and the heat carrier to facilitate heat exchange.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of vaporizer of fuel reformer.    Heat exchanger (42)
NOVELTY - Regeneration of a desulfurizing agent involves washing the agent using organic solvent such that desulfurizing property is restored.    USE - For regenerating desulfurizing agent used for absorption-removal of sulfur in a petroleum group hydrocarbon oil such as paraffin oil. The oil is used for production of hydrogen for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple and inexpensive.
NOVELTY - A mixture of aqueous nitrates of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and aluminum (Al) is reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate. The precipitate consists of CuZnAl stratified double hydroxide. After aging, a catalyst precursor is obtained by filtering, washing and drying. The dried precipitate is thermolyzed in air and CuZnAl oxide catalyst is obtained.    USE - The novel copper-zinc-aluminum oxide catalyst is used for manufacturing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen can be manufactured without generating carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (i) CuZnAl oxide catalyst for hydrogen production by part oxidation reaction of methanol.    (ii) Manufacture of hydrogen by converting methanol (by partial oxidation) in the presence of air using the CuZnAl oxide catalyst.
NOVELTY - A fuel gas generation system (20) comprises a reactor (23) that generates hydrogen by a reaction mode of a hydrolysis and a pyrolysis of metal hydride, and an injector (3) that supplies water and heat to the reactor. The water and heat are generated by a fuel cell (1) in accordance with the reaction mode in the reactor.    USE - For use in generating a hydrogen-rich fuel gas for fuel cell using metal hydride.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive system allows for the size reduction of water tank for hydrolysis and for the efficient supply of heat.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a material cassette used in the fuel gas generation system comprising a connecting opening portion connected to a piping that communicates with the reactor, a first storage portion that stores the metal hydride, a second storage portion that stores water to be supplied during hydrolysis, a piping structure that mixes water and metal hydride and causes the mixed liquid to flow out via the connecting portion, and a housing case that houses the first and second storage portions and the piping structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a diagram schematically illustrating a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (1)    Injector (3)    Fuel gas generation system (20)    Reactor (23)
NOVELTY - The solid polymer fuel cell has a number of stacked elementary cells with adjacent but not touching electrodes of an anion exchange membrane (2) and a cation exchange membrane (1), diffusion layers (3) normally arranged on both sides of the electrodes to enable the passage of electrons formed on the catalysers and intermediate connectors arranged outside the gas diffusion layers and acting as flow guides with a gas channel.    USE - Self-moistening solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Can supply a reactant gas with water without the use of an auxiliary fitting such as a moistening device and controls a sharp rise in water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective representation of an elementary cell    anion exchange membrane (2)    cation exchange membrane (1)    gas diffusion layers (3)    fuel gas channel (4)    oxidation gas channel (5)    separating zone (6)
NOVELTY - Graphitization of carbonized sheet comprises heating to 1,200-3,200 degrees C in rows or columns with a laser ray in the presence of air.    USE - The carbonized fleece produced in this way is used as a gas distributor layer in fuel cells, as a base material for electrodes in supercapacitors, as a conductive lining for electrical connections to electronic equipment in articles of clothing, as antenna for electronic equipment and/or as a heat conductor in clothing (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Existing methods of producing graphitized sheets comprise heating a carbon fiber fleece in an inert atmosphere or heating precursor fibers to 180-550 degrees C in an oxidizing atmosphere and then heating with a carbon dioxide laser, first to 700-1200 degrees C and then to 1200-3600 degrees C in an inert atmosphere. The present process is much simpler, as no inert atmosphere is needed. The sheet by is not destroyed by combustion of the fibers and the process is suitable for continuous operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the dependence of conductivity on the laser energy in the process described in the example.
NOVELTY - A combustible natural gas ice boosted rocket and armor piercing shell is disclosed, which features that the frozen methoane crystal (CH4.H2O) is used as its principal propellant to increase the boosting force of rocket and the power of shell.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell comprises molten carbonates (2) and a pair of electrodes (3, 4) connected to a working gas supply device. Each electrode is in the form of a shell (5) whose internal space is filled with working gas (8). The electrode shell is immersed in the carbonate, and is made of a metal wire or grid to maintain the working gas inside the shell and molten carbonate outside the shell, by capillary force.    USE - For electrical and mechanical engineering fields.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cells have high efficiency, since the process of transformation of chemical energy to electric power do not have any intermediate stage of heat generation. Cost of the fuel cell, and hence the whole power unit, is decreased. Structure of the fuel cell is simple. The fuel cell operates at a temperature not lower than the melting temperature of the carbonate. The chemical reaction is directly transformed into electric power. Usage of complicated matrices for electrolyte, is eliminated. Expensive microporous electrodes are substituted with electrodes made of metal wire or grid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The molten carbonate is present at a temperature less than its melting temperature, and a portion of the electrode shell is immersed in the carbonate. The working gas of the anode is fuel gas and that of cathode is an oxidizing gas. The fuel cell has a surface adjoining the molten carbonates, and containing catalyst for the chemical reaction. The molten carbonate is present in a housing chamber (1). Each electrode is connected separately to a working gas supply device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of the fuel cell.    Housing chamber (1)    Molten carbonate (2)    Electrodes (3,4)    Shell (5)    Working gas (8)
NOVELTY - Pyrolysis oil is produced by separating extractive based compounds from a pyrolysis liquid obtained via the pyrolysis to produce a pyrolysis oil of improved quality. At least part of the fraction containing extractives is recovered, processed further and/or utilized.    USE - The inventive method is used in the production of pyrolysis oil and chemicals or in a chemical pulp production plant in processing of raw soap or pine oil.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method produces pyrolysis oil having an improved quality, e.g. in regard of its properties as a fuel. By using the pyrolysis oil, the formation of carbon deposits in the atomizers of boilers and motors can be reduced because especially resinoic acids produce carbon deposits. No significant amounts of glutinous compounds are generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis oil. The invention improves the thermal value of the pyrolysis oil produced. The solid matter content of the pyrolysis oil and the dust emissions arising from its combustion can be reduced. A homogeneous pyrolysis oil is achieved by separating extractive based compounds or possibly a separate phase from the pyrolysis liquid and that the fraction or phase containing extractives separated is utilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for the production of pyrolysis oil comprising decanter, sedimentation basin, centrifuge, or extraction apparatus for separating extractive based compounds from the pyrolysis liquid obtained via pyrolysis to produce a pyrolysis oil of improved quality; and extraction pipe, distiller, feed pipe, or mixer for the recovery, further processing and/or utilization of the separated fraction containing extractives.
NOVELTY - Solid matter is separated from a pyrolysis liquid, which is produced from solid raw material via flash pyrolysis, by separating a desired surface fraction (6) of the pyrolysis liquid having a high solid matter content. The separation is performed in a solid matter separator (3) after a predetermined time delay.    USE - For separating solid matter from a pyrolysis liquid produced from solid raw material (e.g., wood, bark, forest waste and/or chips, peat or solid biomass) via flash pyrolysis.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method provides effective solid matter separation, is easy and economical to implement, and improves the quality of the pyrolysis liquid/oil produced in the pyrolysis process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a separator device employed in the above method. The device includes the solid matter separator(s) and control device(s) (9). The control device sets a predetermined time delay and/or controls the separation of the desired surface fraction of the pyrolysis liquid. The separator device is disposed in conjunction with a flash pyrolysis apparatus. The pyrolysis apparatus comprises a pyrolyzer (1) for producing pyrolysis steam, and a condenser (2) for condensing the pyrolysis steam into a pyrolysis liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a diagram illustrating the separator device employed in the separation of the solid matter from the pyrolysis liquid.    Pyrolyzer (1)    Condenser (2)    Solid matter separators (3, 5)    Separated surface fraction (6)    Control device (9)    Extraction pipe (10)
NOVELTY - Room air, especially in livestock buildings, is cleaned by conveying the air through a reactor element of the cooling-pad type, i.e. a cross-channel element of porous material which can be moistened, and which retains both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.    USE - For cleaning room air in e.g. livestock buildings such as pigsties.    ADVANTAGE - The method eliminates obnoxious odor in a simple and inexpensive manner. It achieves proper ventilation of the buildings, converts ammonia to nitrite and nitrate at higher concentrations, and reduces the emission of air to the surroundings.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cleaning of room air, especially in livestock buildings, e.g. pigsties, by the circulation of air through a cleaning aggregate, comprises conveying the air through a reactor element of the cooling-pad type, i.e. a cross-channel element of porous material which can be moistened, and which retains both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The pad is continuously held moistened with down-running water over the whole area. The discharge water from the pad is collected in an underlying container from which it is recirculated to the top of the reactor element.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an aggregate comprising a reactor element of the cooling-pad type, a mechanism for circulation of the room air through the element, mechanism for moistening the element with running water, and a container for collecting discharge water from the element for recirculation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cooling pad mounted in a steel frame.
NOVELTY - A fuel battery comprising a hydrogen gas channel forming plate (6) formed with a plurality of openings (9,12,13), a hydrogen electric plate (1) formed with a plurality of opening (2,3), a proton conduction film (45), an oxygen electrode plate (21) formed with a plurality of openings (22,23), and an air channel forming plate (26) formed with a plurality of openings (21), these components being laminated in the order mentioned to constitute a unit fuel cell.    USE - None given.
NOVELTY - Alkenes are oligomerized by contacting a feedstock with a catalyst under conditions to obtain on oligomeric product. The feedstock comprises alkene(s) having different numbers of carbon.    USE - The method is used for oligomerizing 3-6C alkenes to produce oligomeric product, e.g. octene composition. The oligomeric product may be hydroformylized or hydrogenized to form higher alcohol. The higher alcohol is used for preparing an ester of polycarboxylic acid.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive process provides 65-95 wt.% alkene conversion based on feedstock. It provides oligomer product containing high proportion of certain oligomer species and very high conversion rates together with very high selectivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Oligomerizing of 3-6C alkenes involves contacting a feedstock with a catalyst under conditions to obtain on oligomeric product. The feedstock comprises alkene(s) having x carbon atoms and optionally alkene(s) having y carbon atom. The x and y are different. When the feedstock contains only alkenes having x carbon, the oligomeric product contains at least 60 wt.% oligomers having 2x or 3x carbon. When the feedstock contains alkenes having x carbon, the oligomeric product contains a mixture of oligomers with x + y carbon and with 2x or 3x carbon. The process is performed at 125-175degreesC when the feedstock has alkenes with 3 carbon and at 140-240degreesC (preferably 140-200degreesC) when the feedstock has alkene(s) with at least 4 carbon. The catalyst contains a zeolite of MFS (sic) structure.
NOVELTY - The catalyst has formula M1AM2BZC, where M1 and M2 are transition metals, A,B and C are integers and Z is carbon, nitrogen and/or boron. B is 0 or an integer greater than 0. The transition metal comprising M1 does not comprise the transition metal comprising M2. M1 is molybdenum and/or tungsten. M2 is iron, nickel, cobalt and/or copper. The catalyst is substantially sulfur tolerant.    USE - For water gas shift reaction in proton exchange membrane type fuel cell (claimed) used for powered vehicles. For producing hydrogen for chemical processing and petroleum refining, and reducing carbon monoxide content of feeds to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst increases rate of the water gas shift reaction with time and facilitates reduction of carbon monoxide levels in a hydrogen-containing stream. Reduction of carbon monoxide levels occur upstream of the fuel cell. The catalyst exhibits good reactivity, stability and sulfur tolerance, as compared to conventional catalysts. Size and cost of the fuel cell processor are reduced. Durability of the fuel cell is increased.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell includes at least two membrane electrode assemblies and a bipolar plate (12) between the membrane electrode assemblies. The plate has a fuel side (22) including an alternating series of fuel channels (24) defining respective fuel paths, and an oxidant side (16) including an alternating series of oxidant channels (18) defining respective oxidant paths. At least some of the fuel channels are offset from adjacent oxidant channels in a direction transverse to the fuel and oxidant paths.    USE - As fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel cell and bipolar plate are smaller and lighter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the bipolar plate assembly.    bipolar plate (21)    oxidant side (16)    oxidant channels (18)    fuel side (22)    fuel channels (24)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell bipolar plate includes a number of reactant channels (18) defining respective inlets and outlets and at least two flow restrictors (54, 56) respectively associated with at least two adjacent reactant channels.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Has improved condensation and reaction product management capabilities.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of the bipolar plate assembly.    reactant channels (18)    flow restrictors (54,56)
NOVELTY - Preparing fertilizer with food garbage is provided to solve the problem of food waste and/or garbage and to use the produced fertilizer (compost) as a soil conditioner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing fertilizer comprises:    (a) separating food garbage by manual labor or magnet force;    (b) grinding the separated garbage;    (c) combining garbage 60 wt.%, pigstry excrements 10 wt.%, brewery sludge 20 wt.%, process residue 10 wt.% and agitating the mixture in a stabilization reactor operating at 10-15 ton/hour, thus 100-120 ton/day compared with 30 ton/day for a conventional process; and    (d) drying the obtained material in a fine paste form to produce a powder form of final product as a weak-alkali organic fertilizer suitable to condition acid soil.
NOVELTY - A metal honeycomb structure (1) which generates heat by supplying electricity is divided into two pieces or more along the longitudinal direction, and connected serially and electrically, to improve the electrical resistance of the structure. The structure comprises a catalyst for forming carbon dioxide and hydrogen from hydrocarbon.    USE - For use in producing gas such as hydrogen and carbon dioxide from hydrocarbons which is used as fuel in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the self-heating property of the metal honeycomb structure is improved, hydrogen and carbon dioxide are effectively produced from the hydrocarbon, reducing the processing time. The efficiency of the metal honeycomb structure is improved by increasing its electrical resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the metal honeycomb structure.    Metal honey-comb structure (1)
NOVELTY - A catalyst contains compound(s) containing metal, e.g. lead, bismuth and thallium, and lead, bismuth or thallium, and ruthenium. The catalyst oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in hydrogen gas in which gas containing oxygen is added, and removes carbon monoxide from the hydrogen gas.    USE - For refining hydrogen in fuel cells, particularly solid polymer electrolyte type-fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in the hydrogen gas and removes carbon dioxide efficiently. By-production of methane at high temperature is prevented. Operation of the fuel cell is stabilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a vehicle-mounted fuel cell power generating device in which a catalyst for refining hydrogen in fuel cell is used.
NOVELTY - An assembly-type integrated biogas plant is constructed using precast concrete board (PC board). The biogas plant comprises fermenter (11), storage tank (12) and mid feather walls (923) containing liquid fertilizer extraction opening (15) and biogas extraction opening (16).    USE - For liquid fertilizer from organic substance waste methane by anaerobic fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - Biogas plant of high quality and long life is built in an inexpensive way. Work period is shortened and construction cost is reduced. The longevity of the plant is increased by forming a strong adhesion of the foundation and PC board, which leads to high water and air resistance. Prevention of external gas leakage and resistance against earthquake etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the construction method of assembly-type integrated biogas plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of assembly-type biogas plant constructed from PC board. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermenter (11)    Storage tank (12)    Liquid fertilizer extraction opening (15)    Biogas extraction opening (16)    PC board for mid feather walls (23)
NOVELTY - A fermentation promoter comprises rice bran which contains aleuron layer cell and endosperm of the sublayer.    USE - For fertilizer (claimed), soil conditioner (claimed) for use during vegetable harvesting, for fermentation of organic waste like wood, pruned branch leaf waste, chaff, mowed grass or residuum.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation of organic waste is carried out for a short period of time, without adding microorganism as a fermentation agent. The processed material is then used effectively as a fertilizer, soil conditioner etc., and corrosion of soil is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) intermediate fermented material manufacturing method;    (b) fertilizer;    (c) soil conditioner; and    (d) intermediate fermented material
NOVELTY - Moist organic waste is subjected to methane fermentation and solid organic waste is subjected to thermolytic gasification. The produced methane and gas are used as fuel for generators. The inner system of apparatus is run using electric power generated from the generators. The moist organic waste is dried by a drier (22) using waste heat of gas produced from generator (18) and sets as a dried product.    USE - For processing organic waste such as livestock manure and food residue, and generating electricity using the waste gas produced from the process. The dried product is used as fertilizer, fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The running cost of the process is reduced. Whole quantity of moist organic waste can be dried easily without using any external fuel. Costly installations for waste water treatment is not needed and the operating cost is very less. The dried product has very low moisture content, does not produce any odor and is stable for a long period of time, hence convenient for storage and transportation. The dried product can be used as fertilizers and fuels. The waste heat generated from the generator is effectively used for drying the moist organic waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the synthetic organic waste processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows systemic outline block diagram showing the synthetic organic waste processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Generator (18)    Drier (22)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen supply apparatus (1) has hydrogen reservoir (47) with two storage units (48,50). The hydrogen generated by modifier (3) is stored in storage unit (48) equipped with hydrogen accumulator (MH2). When the hydrogen supplied by modifier (3) is insufficient to fuel cell, the storage unit (50) releases the hydrogen from the accumulator to the fuel cell.    USE - For fuel cell mounted in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Water ingredient to the fuel cell is supplied rapidly and sufficiently, by determining the required hydrogen supply to fuel cell and according to the driving mode of the vehicle or the gear shift condition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The driving mode switching unit (65) determines the amount of hydrogen necessary for fuel cell and the residual amount detector (66) detects electrical energy of fuel cell (2).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen supply unit (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Modifier (3)    Hydrogen reservoir (47)    Storage units (48,50)    Driving mode switching unit (65)    Residual amount detector (66)    Hydrogen accumulator (MH2)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen gas supply unit supplies hydrogen gas to fuel cell stack (10). A fan drive circulates air from outside to the fuel stack. The fuel stack generates electric current by reaction of air and hydrogen. The gas ejected from stack (10) is supplied to the hydrogen supply unit, so that the release of hydrogen gas is accelerated.    USE - Fuel cell mounting vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of electric current and pipes of supplying air and gas are simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of fuel cell mounting vehicle.    Fuel cell stack (10)
NOVELTY - The solid electrolyte-type fuel cell system has a water vapor modifier, arranged closed to fuel cell accommodated in a heat insulation container (W). The heat generated from fuel cell is utilized for heating the water vapor modifier, which generates reformed gas comprising hydrogen, as principal component, from hydrocarbon gas.    USE - For hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of electricity generated is increased. The remaining heat generated by fuel cell is effectively utilized by the modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows hydrogen generation by solid polymer-type fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat insulation container (W)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon raw material is modified by modification process which produces reformed gas containing hydrogen as main component. Hydrogen is recovered from the reformed gas by pressure swing adsorption (PSA) method and carbon monoxide in the reformed gas is removed by selective oxidation and/or methanation process.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen using hydrocarbon.    ADVANTAGE - The PSA apparatus has reduced size having carbon monoxide removal device which removes carbon monoxide selectively from the reformed gas. Hydrogen gas with high purity is recovered efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flowchart of hydrogen manufacture. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Adsorbing and storing hydrogen sulfide generated during biological waste treatment of sewage gas and moisture content is new.    USE - To store treated sewage gas is used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Treated sewage gas is efficiently stored. Moisture content, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in the gas are effectively removed.
NOVELTY - A modifier (1) has a heating tube (3) which heats the modification catalyst. The heating tube has a U-shaped superstructure material (21) with convex-shaped curved surface in the inlet side of raw material gas to be modified.    USE - For modification of hydrocarbon gas to obtain hydrogen used for fuel cell system for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing cost of modifier is reduced, since the superstructure material is made of stainless steel. The superstructure material has excellent carborization-resistant property. Therefore, the modifier has improved durability, mechanical strength, thermal efficiency and reliability. Since the temperature distribution of raw material gas inside the heating tube is uniform, the amount of stress applied to the superstructure material is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of modifier explaining the flow of raw material gas.    Modifier (1)    Heating tube (3)    U-shaped superstructure material (21)
NOVELTY - A methanol modification catalyst contains aggregate of powder of carrier supporting activated metal copper or cupric oxide. A cuprous oxide layer is formed on the surface of the activated metal copper or cupric oxide contained in surface layer part of the aggregate.    USE - As methanol modification catalyst for solid polymer fuel cell used in internal combustion of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The activated methanol modification catalyst is stable in oxygen atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for stabilization of the methanol modification catalyst which involves activating the non-active catalyst by performing reduction to metal copper or cupric oxide contained in the catalyst. The surface of the activated metal copper or cupric oxide is oxidized.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas is produced by oxidative steam reforming of methanol in the presence air and steam using copper-zinc-aluminum-zirconium oxide, copper-zinc-zirconium-cerium oxide, or cobalt-copper-zinc-aluminum oxide as catalyst.    USE - The production of hydrogen gas for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method is able to produce hydrogen gas at high conversion rate and selectivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for methods of producing:    (1) the copper-zinc-aluminum-zirconium (CuZnAlZr) oxide,    (2) the copper-zinc-zirconium-cerium (CuZnZrCe) oxide, and    (3) the cobalt-copper-zinc-aluminum (CoCuZnAl) oxide catalyst.    The CuZnAlZr oxide catalyst is produced by reacting a mixture of aqueous solutions of each nitrate of Cu, Zn, Al, and Zr with an aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and aqueous sodium carbonate (NaCO 3) solution; performing co-precipitation; aging, filtering, washing and drying the precipitate to obtain a catalyst precursor consisting of CuZnAlZr layered double hydroxide; and calcining the catalyst precursor to obtain the CuZnAlZr oxide.    The CuZnZrCe and CoCuZnAl oxide catalysts are each produced by preparing a catalyst precursor consisting of aurichalcite, and calcining the catalyst precursor in an air ambient atmosphere.
NOVELTY - Gas distributor for polymer electrolyte fuel cells contains 4 layers, comprising a coarsely porous carbon carrier sheet with a porous hydrophobic layer on each side and a contact layer on one of these.    USE - The products are gas distributors and gas diffusion electrodes and membrane electrode units containing these for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Existing gas diffusion electrodes have only a small fraction of open pore volume in the carrier layer. This leads to low capacity when operating with diluted gases, e.g. air and reformate gas, especially at low stoichiometry, i.e. high gas utilization. Also, metal mesh structures are subject to corrosion under the operating conditions of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The present 4-layer structure avoids these drawbacks. It gives good access of reactive gas to the catalytically active centers of the membrane electrode unit and effective moistening of the ionomer in the catalyst layer and membrane. It also avoids problems in the transport from the cathode side of water formed as reaction product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) gas diffusion electrodes for fuel cells, comprising the gas distributor structure and an electrolyte layer on the contact layer;    (b) membrane electrode units for fuel cells comprising a polymer electrolyte membrane and gas diffusion electrodes on both sides; at least one of which is the cited gas diffusion electrode;    (c) polymer electrolyte fuel cells with the specified membrane electrode unit;    (d) five methods of producing the gas distributor structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the gas distributor structure.    coarsely porous carbon sheet (1)    hydrophobic layer (2)    contact layer (3)
NOVELTY - Gaseous fuel and, if required, steam and/or oxygen are fed in through a first flow channel (11a) connected to a fuel tank and a vaporizer. Fuel feeds through a first hole (12a) into a gas-generating device (2), and hydrogenous gas is fed into a second flow channel (11b) via a delivery mechanism and a second hole (12b). Two or more sub-units in the fuel cell system can interlink mechanically and fluidically by using a connecting plate.    USE - In liquid fuel systems, including methanol e.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - This system is structured as compactly as possible and suitable for machine mounting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a basic design for a fuel cell system.    First flow channel (11a)    First hole (12a)    Gas-generating device (2)    Second flow channel (11b)    Second hole (12b)
NOVELTY - Device for producing combustion ash from cellulose-containing waste from the paper making industry comprises a kneading machine (3) for kneading the waste with liquid heating oil; a fuel tank (4) for storing and feeding the heating oil to the kneading machine; a molding machine (5) for molding the mixture; a combustion furnace (7) for burning the molded pieces; and a moisture regulating furnace (6) arranged between the molding machine and the combustion furnace for regulating the water content of the molded pieces to 30-50 wt.%.    USE - Used for soil in constructing gardens.    ADVANTAGE - High quality ash is produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The solid amount of the cellulose-containing waste is 35-97 wt.% of cellulose and 3-65 wt.% inorganic materials. The water content of the waste is 50-75 wt.%. The heating oil has a kinematic viscosity of 50-170 cSt at 50degrees C. The weight ratio of heating oil to cellulose-containing waste is 1: 1.5-9.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a process diagram of the device for producing combustion ash.    kneading machine (3)    fuel tank (4)    molding machine (5)    moisture regulating furnace (6)    combustion furnace (7)
NOVELTY - Gasifying waste comprises using a fixed bed gasifier unit, an entrained bed pressure gasifier unit (5), a GuD power station (11) and a synthesis gas evaluator. The solid bed gasifier unit consists of gasifiers (1, 2) with solid ash or liquid slag outlets. The entrained bed gasifier unit operates at more than 1400 degrees C to quench the hot splitting gases with water and saturate with water vapor.    USE - Used for gasifying waste, such as clarified sludge and refuse.    ADVANTAGE - A high quality gas is produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Gasifying waste comprises using a fixed bed gasifier unit, an entrained bed pressure gasifier unit (5), a GuD power station (11) and a synthesis gas evaluator. The solid bed gasifier unit consists of gasifiers (1, 2) with solid ash or liquid slag outlets. The entrained bed gasifier unit operates at more than 1400 degrees C to quench the hot splitting gases with water and saturate with water vapor. A carbon monoxide (CO) conversion stage is also included for moving the gas from the entrained bed gasifier unit. All pressurized gases produced are mixed and scrubbed at -50 to -60 degrees C and the synthesis gas produced is fed to the evaluator to convert H2, CO and CO2 into the synthetic products, the excess gas being fed to a gas turbine unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the gasification process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gasifiers (1, 2)    Entrained bed pressure gasifier unit (5)    GuD power station (11)
NOVELTY - The method involves feeding a circular volumetric flow (dv2/dt) from a reservoir tank (3) to a branch region (6) and back by a pump. The flow (dv1/dt) passes from the branch region to the system or component (1) into which it is dosed in a quantity predetermined for each point in time. The flow is selected as much smaller than the circular flow.    USE - For dosed introduction of liquid volume flows into a system or component, especially an evaporator, of a gas generation system of a fuel cell system that reacts with pressure pulsation on the liquid flow.    ADVANTAGE - Simple, inexpensive construction with low weight and small volume, enables very accurate maintenance of a dose at all times.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a device for dosed introduction of liquid volume flows into a system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an example arrangement for dosed introduction of liquid volume flows into a system or component    circular volumetric flow (dv2/dt)    reservoir tank (3)    branch region (6)    flow from branch region to system or component (dv1/dt)
NOVELTY - An aggregate, especially a drive aggregate for a vehicle, which requires hydrogen for the drive, has a membrane separating the hydrogen from a gas mixture.    USE - The aggregate preferably is a vehicle drive aggregate (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Supplying fuel cells with pure oxygen and hydrogen, rather than a hydrogen-rich mixture from a methanol-steam reformer, increases their efficiency and power density. However, the gases must be kept in separate containers or produced by electrolysis in a lithium high-energy cell of the lithium/water or lithium/hydrogen peroxide type. As these increase the load, they do not increase the efficiency or power density. Using a membrane to separate hydrogen from a hydrogen-rich mixture increases the power density and efficiency and saves energy. The aggregate is very reliable, compact and lightweight and reduces emissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the use of a membrane in an aggregate, especially the above aggregate, for separating hydrogen from a gas mixture, associated with a reformer or fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of an aggregate with suction system and feed pipes.    Aggregate (1)    Reformer (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Supply pipes (5)    Ambient air feed pipe (7)    Feed pipe system (9)    Feed pipe for hydrogen mixture (11)    Hydrogen supply pipe (13)    Membrane (15)    Exhaust gas pipe (17)    Fuel pipe (19)
NOVELTY - The gas feed device has at least one inlet line (2) for the gas feed (A) and at least one annular collection space (4), coupled to the inlet line and provided with a number of openings (5) communicating with the interior of the pipeline section (1). The annular collection space is contained within the pipeline section through which a further axial gas flow (B) is passed.    USE - The gas feed device is used for mixing and homogenizing at least 2 different gases, e.g. for gas generation system for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The location of the annular collection space within the pipeline section provides a simple construction and ensures that only the inlet line projects from the outside of the pipeline section.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a gas feed device acting as a gas mixer.    Pipeline section (1)    Inlet line (2)    Annular collection space (4)    Openings (5)    Gas feed (A)    Axial gas flow (B)
NOVELTY - A process for preparing compost in static barn features that in said ventilation-forced static barn, the temp sensor, temperature controller, centrifugal blower and time controller are logically connected, the mud and amendment are mixed in volume ratio of (1-3):(1-3) and stacked in said barn, and the temp of stack body is controlled to 55-60 degrees C by natural or forced ventilation.
NOVELTY - Magnet activated bacteria, full element, and multi-effect fertilizer is composed of micro elements Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn B, Mo, Co and macro elements N, P, K and Ca, Mg, S. It has undergone the organic large molecules complexation and zeolite exchange absorption to activate the micro elements, and assisted by fungus and magnet to increase the effect, and further combined with rare earth elements, humic acid, growth regulating agent, pesticide, herbicide, silicon preparation and dried plant powder to form the complete element fertilizer series.
NOVELTY - Reducing the ammonia level of landfill leachate comprising withdrawing ammonia-containing leachate from a landfill, directing leachate to an attached growth nitrification unit where at least 50% of the ammonia in leachate is nitrified to form nitrified aqueous product including nitrite and nitrate and returning the nitrified leachate to landfill where it is denitrified, is new.    USE - For reducing the ammonia level of landfill leachate.    ADVANTAGE - Oxygen does not need to be added to the landfill in order to denitrify the nitrified leachate. Consequently, risk of landfill fires caused by oxygen injection into a landfill is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reducing the ammonia level of landfill leachate comprising withdrawing ammonia containing leachate from a landfill, directing the leachate to an attached growth nitrification unit, maintaining the leachate in the unit to nitrify at least 50% of the ammonia in the leachate to form a nitrified aqueous product including nitrite and nitrate and denitrifying the nitrified aqueous product by applying the nitrified aqueous product to a landfill, is new.
NOVELTY - Handling machine for compost heap processing comprises a group of left hand tools and the group of right hand tools mutually counter rotating, are arranged along vertical axis on opposite sides, relative to the machine longitudinal axis. Left hand and right hand conveyors (9,8) are arranged behind respective group of tools. A longitudinal conveyor (11) arranged in machine longitudinal axis, receives the material from left and right conveyors.    USE - The machine is useful for processing a compost heap.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of conveyors enables operating the machine in forward and return stroke without idle return cycles and repositioning time is eliminated. The machine becomes more reliable, economic and simple with minimum maintenance requirement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of handling machine.    Right and left hand conveyors (8,9)    Longitudinal conveyor (11)
NOVELTY - A novel catalyst (A) for the conversion of methanol into hydrogen consists of copper (II) oxide, zinc (II) oxide, aluminum (III) oxide and copper (II) aluminum (III) spinel, the molar percentages (based on total metals) being 15-75% copper, 5-60% zinc and 53-50% aluminum.    USE - (A) is used in the production of hydrogen by partial oxidation of methanol. Conversion of methanol into hydrogen is useful in the automotive sector, especially for use with fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - (A) provides high conversion of methanol, high selectivity to hydrogen and a hydrogen product having a low carbon monoxide content (as required for use in fuel cells). Typically (A) gives hydrogen containing 0.5 % or less carbon monoxide in a single stage, whereas prior art catalysts give carbon monoxide contents of 5% or more and require an additional catalytic stage to oxidize the monoxide to carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the preparation of (A) by:    (a) contacting urea with an aqueous solution of water-soluble copper (II), zinc (II) and aluminum (III) salts and heating to more than 60 degreesC;    (b) separating the obtained precipitate and washing with water until the washings have pH of ca. 6; and    (c) drying then calcining the precipitate; and (b) the production of hydrogen by partial oxidation of methanol, involving contacting methanol, oxygen and optionally water with (A).
NOVELTY - An electric vehicle (10) mounted with a fuel cell (30) has a fuel tank (20) where fuel is stored and a connector receptacle part (40) communicating with the fuel cell (20) and having an opening at the surface of the vehicle body. A connector of a predetermined hydrogen supply is connected to the connector receptacle part (40) thereby to supply fuel to the electric vehicle (10) from the hydrogen supply.    USE - Fuel cell fuel supply system and mobile body for electric vehicles to supply fuel to vehicle    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The connector receptacle part (40) has a fuel lid covering the part (40). When a command to open a fuel lid for fuel supply is input, it is judged whether or not the fuel cell (30) is operating. If the fuel cell (30) is judged to be operating, the fuel lid cannot be opened. When a command to actuate the fuel cell (30) is input, it is judged whether or not the fuel lid is open. If it is open, the fuel cell (30) is not actuated. With this structure, the safety of when the fuel is supplied to an apparatus having a fuel cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Electric vehicle (10)    Fuel cell (30)    Fuel tank (20)    Connector receptacle part (40)
NOVELTY - Generating hydrogen from metal hydride involves reacting metal hydride with alcohol(s).    USE - For generating hydrogen used for fuel cell systems used in vehicular applications.    ADVANTAGE - The process is an efficient, safe and reliable source of hydrogen for fuel cells. Control of the supply of alcohol, mixture of alcohol and water enables control over the rate of reaction and the release of hydrogen. The amount of produced hydrogen can be regulated by gradual feeding of reactive liquid. The reaction can be stopped or increased based on the demand for hydrogen. Hydrogen production is maximized since both reactions contribute to hydrogen generation. The reaction rate and path are fully controllable through adjustable contribution of the reactions. Hydrides such as borohydrides does not undergo hydrolysis without special catalysis, but the addition of alcohol can change their activity or reaction path such that hydrogen generation proceed effectively, without the loss of hydrogen capacity. The use of combined alcoholysis and hydrolysis extends the temperature range of hydrogen production towards temperatures below freezing temperature of water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a hydrogen generator (10) comprising a container (12) for a metal hydride, a container (14) for alcohol, a flow unit for the delivery of alcohol to the container (12) and a hydrogen gas outlet conduit (18) for the delivery of generated hydrogen gas from the container (12).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of the hydrogen generator.    Generator (10)    Container for metal hydride (12)    Container for alcohol (14)    Hydrogen outlet conduit (18)
NOVELTY - Isomerizing hydrocarbons comprises contacting an isomerizable hydrocarbon feedstock with an isomerization catalyst in a hydrogenation-isomerization zone at isomerization conditions including the presence of added chloride promoter to obtain an isoparaffin-containing product.    USE - Used for the conversion of hydrocarbons, particularly for the isomerization of alkanes, preferably 4-7C alkanes.    ADVANTAGE - A balance in hydrogenation-dehydrogenation and cracking functions achieves the desired conversion over a prolonged period of time, while effectively utilizing the expensive platinum group metal component.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Isomerizing isomerizable hydrocarbons comprises contacting an isomerizable hydrocarbon feedstock with an isomerization catalyst having an average pore diameter of 35-60 Angstroms and a pore-acidity index of at least 7.0, and comprising an alumina support consisting essentially of eta and gamma alumina in an eta:gamma ratio on a mass basis of 4:1 to 99:1, 1-15 mass % of a Friedel-Crafts metal halide and 0.01 - 2 mass% of platinum-group metal in a hydrogenation-isomerization zone at isomerization conditions including the presence of added chloride promoter to obtain an isoparaffin-containing product.
NOVELTY - A novel Bacillus sp. strain having improved decomposability of organic materials and a method for treating food wastes using the same are provided, therefore, the food wastes can be effectively and easily treated and reused.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The novel Bacillus sp. strain GENO-200 (KCCM-10,263) decomposing organic materials is isolated from soil by the steps of: collecting soil, inoculating in an NB broth and incubating them at 37 deg. C for 5 days; determining and comparing the productabilities of amylase and protease for the fermented culture; and selecting a strain and identifying the strain as Bacillus sp. GENO-200. The method for treating food wastes using the novel strain comprises the steps of: mixing Bacillus sp. GENO-200 or its fermented culture with wood chip; fermenting the mixture at 30 to 40 deg. C for 1 to 5 hours; removing water and adding food wastes into the water removed mixture; fermenting the mixture for 1 day and continuously adding food wastes and Bacillus sp. GENO-200 or its fermented culture for 1 month to decrease the weight of food wastes and reuse the remnant as an organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A manufacturing method of contact media for organic matter and nitrogen treatment using mutant microorganism is provided, which can select high quality inoculum that is excellent in the treatment of organic matter and nitrogen by mutation of nitrogen decomposing bacteria and soil bacteria collected. The inoculum is scaled up and fed to a settling tank in which contact media of fine porous are set, to which microorganisms are attached and cultured. The contact media are dried to be made as a product and are used at an aeration tank and a denitrification tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method is as follows: (i) seed nitrogen decomposing bacteria and soil bacteria to L-liquid media and culture at 31-35deg.C (S21); (ii) stop the growth of nitrogen decomposing bacteria and soil bacteria by cooling and separate by centrifuge (S22); (iii) add 0.09-0.15M of MgSO4 to the separated nitrogen decomposing bacteria and soil bacteria to make suspension (S23); (iv) pour the bacteria suspension to Petri dish and irradiate ultraviolet ray for 10-15min. (S24); (v) feed L-liquid media to ultraviolet ray irradiated bacteria suspension to make suspension again (S25); and (vi) dilute the resuspended bacteria suspension to 3-10 times (S26).
NOVELTY - A fermentation dryer is provided to devise the saving of energy by improving the heat conductivity of a fermentation vessel, and to prevent the loss of energy due to the phenomenon of inordinate condensation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fermentation dryer of energy saving type comprises a fermentation vessel, a cooling vessel(35), and a working vessel(36). The fermentation vessel has a center rotating shaft(4), and an agitating paddle. The cooling vessel has an air-cooling condenser formed with a cooling fan, a wet air discharge fan(13), a condensate water discharge port, and a temperature sensor. The working vessel has a motor, a speed reducer, a pulley connected with a sprocket formed on the end of the rotating shaft of the fermentation vessel, and a micom for controlling the actuation of each component. The wet air generated from the fermentation vessel is transferred to the air-cooling condenser by the discharge fan to remove the water contained in the wet air. After that, the wet air as much as fresh air required to a fermentation process is discharged by a deodorization device, and the remaining wet air is mixed with the fresh air entered through a fresh air suction hole after being warmed by a heat exchanger. The wet air mixed with the fresh air is circulated in the fermentation vessel, thereby the heat reduction of energy is devised.
NOVELTY - A wastewater treatment method using steel making waste slag as yeast media is provided to reduce treatment cost of sewage and wastewater by removing non-degradable materials, nitrogen and phosphorus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Pre-treated wastewater is passed through a tower filled with media slag to effectively reduce BOD(biological oxygen demand) and COD(chemical oxygen demand) and pollutants like SS(suspended solids) and P(phosphorus) and lower chromaticity. Various furnace slags generated in steel making process are crushed and inserted into a tank. Then, yeast and water are added to the tank under an optimum aeration condition. Then, the yeast corrodes into micropores of the slag. Chemical reaction is activated on top of the slag layer by a stirrer. The wastewater passes through the slag layer for biological degradation.
NOVELTY - Anaerobic biosulfur removal apparatus has desulfurization columns (2A,2B) filled with iron oxide pellets (desulfurizing agent) and provided with thermometers (3A,3B). The apparatus has an inlet for oxygen-containing gas which performs oxidation regeneration of used desulfurizing agent and a flow meter (4) to control flow rate of oxygen-containing gas so as to maintain temperature of the columns below specific limit.    USE - For removing hydrogen sulfide generated from anaerobic waste water treatment apparatus, anaerobic sludge digestion apparatus, and during regeneration of desulfurizing agent from anaerobic biogas comprising methane and carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - Effective utilization of used desulfurizing agent is enabled, by regeneration. Since regeneration is performed within desulfurizing column, sampling of desulfurizing agent for regeneration, transport and reuse are eliminated. Since temperature of desulfurizing agent is controlled, danger of desulfurization and accident by ignition are prevented. Automatic termination of regeneration is enabled. By performing regeneration and desulfurization alternately, regeneration process is carried out without interrupting desulfurization process. High industrial utility is offered.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for regeneration of used desulfurizing agent. The temperature difference between desulfurization columns during regeneration and external temperature, temperature of oxygen-containing gas or internal temperature of desulfurization column during desulfurization, is made below specific value, to finish regeneration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows systematic diagram of anaerobic biosulfur removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Desulfurization columns (2A,2B)    Thermometers (3A,3B)    Flow meter (4)
NOVELTY - A gas reformer comprises hydrogen separators each having a substrate made of a ferritic stainless steel containing chromium (16-25 mass% for hydrogen separator to be driven at 600-900degreesC and up to 15 mass% for hydrogen separator to be driven at 450-600degreesC), perforated with holes for passage of gas, and coated with a hydrogen-permeating membrane at its external surface.    USE - For recovering hydrogen gas generated by thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gas.    ADVANTAGE - The gas reformer of the invention can be driven with higher performance even in case of long-term driving at a high-temperature atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gas reformer comprises hydrogen separators (3) each having a substrate made of a ferritic stainless steel containing chromium, titanium and/or niobium at a ratio not less than eight times the sum of carbon and nitrogen ((C+N)x8) and perforated with holes for passage of gas, and coated with a hydrogen-permeating membrane (3b) at its external surface. A double pipe (2) having inner and outer walls is between the hydrogen separators. A catalyst (4) for decomposition of hydrocarbon gas is in a cavity defined by the inner and outer walls of the double pipe. Hydrocarbon gas (G) is decomposed with a combustion heat of a fuel (F) fed to an inner space of the double pipe and hydrogen gas as a decomposition product selectively passes through the hydrogen-permeating membranes to an outside. For a gas reformer driven at 600-900degreesC, the ferritic stainless steel contains 16-25 mass% chromium and optionally up to 0.1 mass% rare earth metal(s). For a gas reformer driven at 450-600degreesC, the ferritic stainless steel contains up to 15 mass% chromium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an inner structure of a gas reformer.    Double pipe (2)    Hydrogen separators (3)    Hydrogen-permeating membrane (3b)    Catalyst (4)    Fuel (F)    Hydrocarbon gas (G)
NOVELTY - Upstream from a fuel cell unit (2) there are devices for adjusting pressure in a gas generation system (5) and/or a mass flow rate through the fuel cell unit, so that pressure can be reduced at least short term during change-over from a partial load area to a full load area and so that pressure can be increased at least short term during change-over from a full load area to a partial load area.    USE - In fuel cell vehicles run on hydrogenous fluids.    ADVANTAGE - This system offers improved dynamics for operating a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a basic diagram of a fuel cell system with a pressure regulator.    Fuel cell unit (2)    Gas generation system (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system has a feeder device (7) to feed a supplementary hydrogenous substance to a catalytic burner (6) and a control device (9) to control the feeder device in respect time and temperature. A memory communicates with the feeder device. The supplementary hydrogenous substance contains hydrogen recovered in an operating cycle run first.    USE - For fuel cell handling.    ADVANTAGE - A liquid separator fits between the feeder device and the catalytic burner where a device (12) is fitted to raise the burner's temperature. This system improves starting behavior, especially of its catalytic burner, and reduces its emissions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a simple flow diagram of the present invention.    Feeder device (7)    Catalytic burner (6)    Control device (9)    Device for raising burner's temperature (12)
NOVELTY - A platinum selective oxidation catalyst comprises a substrate with a mixed crystal of two or more oxides. It has a boehmite- or hydrotalcite structure.    USE - To remove carbon dioxide from a mixture containing hydrogen, by selective catalytic oxidation. The method is applied especially in electric vehicles operating from fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst improves selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in the hydrogen-containing gas. At the same time, reversion to carbon monoxide through the reverse water gas shift reaction, is reduced. Suitable mixed oxides are commercially available.
NOVELTY - The electrical recovery of energy, comprising using a fuel cell by reforming an organic fuel, removing carbon monoxide from the reformate and converting the hydrogen in the reformate and the oxygen into electrical energy, where the reformate is treated in a bioreactor containing a thermophilic microorganism strain to remove carbon monoxide, is new.    USE - Used for obtaining energy from an organic fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The process is energetically efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell containing a polymer electrolyte membrane having one side coated with an anode catalyst and the other side coated with a cathode catalyst. Both catalysts are covered with a gas distributor structure for electrically contacting and introducing and removing the reaction media. The microorganisms are immobilized on the gas distributor structure for the anode.
NOVELTY - Production method of spore bacteria powder for compounding biological fertilizer by utilizing commercial nitrogen fixing bacillus, phosphate decomposing spore bacteria and potash decomposing spore bacteria. Through design of one set of production equipment and technological process matching the features of biological spawn, the present invention can produce spore bacteria powder with high survival rate of spawn, high and stable alive bacteria content, long storage period and easy to transport.
NOVELTY - Preparation of phosphorus amino acid liquid fertilizer through fermentation, includes compounding fermented material, control of fermentation stages, determination of fermentation terminal and compounding of the fertilizer. During the production and use, amino acid in the fertilizer produces no polymerization and failure, and the fertilizer contains sufficient phosphate component. The preparation process needs no special equipment and the fertilizer has low production cost and obvious yield-increasing effect.
NOVELTY - The product comprises, by weight 95 to 99.5% clinkers with a particle size less than or equal to 40mm and a humidity of 10 to 30%, preferably 15 to 20% by weight and 0.5 to 5% coke. The product is used in one or more layers to cover a landfill before revegetating. Purification of biogas from a landfill by passing the biogas through one or more layers of the product.    USE - Use of clinkers from household waste to cover a landfill site before revegetating and to purify biogas from the landfill    ADVANTAGE - This use of a waste product allows landfill sites to be rehabilitated without having to monitor and burn off biogas for thirty years. The purified methane resulting from the purification is less corrosive and more valuable than the raw biogas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The product is preferably 98 to 99% clinkers and 1 to 2% coke, and the coke is lignite or thermolysis coke. The clinkers are category V or M using standard NF X31-210. One or more layers of product are spread over a landfill, compacted to 30 to 40cm thickness. For a waste layer 5m thick or for biogas purification, one to three strata of product with a height of 40cm to 1m are used. One layer is the final layer before revegetation.
NOVELTY - A sprayable organic fertilizer (I) comprises denatured soybean particles (a) having a total protein content of at least 50 wt.% and are dispersed in liquid carrier such that the particles may be evenly sprayed onto the plant or soil through a liquid applicator. (a) have a particle size of no greater than 250 microns.    USE - To provide growth nutrient to the plant or plant soil.    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer cannot be leached from the soil, cannot burn target plants, enhances the healthy, stable ecosystem of the root zone of the target plants, and provides a high nitrogen analysis. The fertilizer also diminishes a survival capacity of the invasive pathogens that could attack the target plants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fertilizing the plant or soil involving: mixing in the liquid carrier and (I); dispersing the fertilizer within the liquid carrier; and spraying through the liquid applicator the dispersed fertilizer onto the plant or the soil.
NOVELTY - A measuring system has a traversable housing, a guide extending the well from a fixed location, a spectrometer, and a signal processor to calculate a substance concentration in the sample. The spectrometer has a radiation source, a sample interface to transmit radiation, and a detector to detect a characteristic radiation emitted, reflected or scattered from the sample and to output a signal.    USE - For measuring methane in coal bed methane well.    ADVANTAGE - The invention accurately measures a concentration of methane in coal bed methane well and calculates a concentration versus depth for a single well and for other wells to predict a potential production of a coal bed methane field.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for measuring methane in a coal bed methane well with a borehole involving lowering a housing in the well to a depth down the well; positioning the sample interface to a sample; irradiating the sample from the irradiation source; detecting a characteristic radiation of the methane from the sample with the detector; and processing a signal from the detector to calculate the methane concentration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side plan view of the invention.    Borehole (3)    Spectrometer (4)    Radiation source (5)    Detector (6)    Optical pathway (7)    Optical fiber (8)    Side surface (11)    Filter (14)    Probe (15)
NOVELTY - A controller (4) controls a three-way valve (26) to switch between a circular position in which exhaust gas is supplied to supply gas depending on warm up conditions of a fuel cell and a discharge position in which the exhaust gas is discharged out the fuel cell, based on temperature of the exhaust gas.    USE - For warming up a fuel cell in fuel cell system (FCS) used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Heat generated by adiabatic compression of a compressor is used without wasting it to warm up the fuel cell. Hence the fuel cell is warmed up rapidly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel cell system.    Controller (4)    Three-way valve (26)
NOVELTY - The anodes and cathodes are interconnected by connector plates. A wicking structure provides fuel from a fuel reservoir to anodes by capillary action.    USE - For use in portable computer, cell phone, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids recharging of batteries by providing fuel reservoir. Miniaturizes fuel cell by avoiding biplates which add weight, complexity, cost to fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell assembly method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of the flat pack fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system having a preferential oxidizer stage is operated by calibrating the fuel cell system at different operating parameters by determining a target rate for injecting an oxidant into the preferential oxidizer stage. While running the fuel system, the oxidant is injected into the oxidizer stage at a rate determined by the stored calibrated results.    USE - Operating a fuel cell system having preferential oxidizer stage.    ADVANTAGE - The process reduces the level of CO in the reformed fuel stream to an acceptable level that does not poison the fuel cell catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Operation of a fuel cell system having a preferential oxidizer stage, involves calibrating the fuel cell system at different operating parameters by determining a target rate for injecting an oxidant into the preferential oxidizer stage. The results of the calibrating step is stored in a memory. While running the fuel system to produce power, the oxidant is injected into the preferential oxidizer stage at a rate determined by the stored results, and the fuel cell is periodically recalibrated to update the stored results.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell generator system comprising a fuel cell stack, a conditioning system, a gas flow path, and a controller. The fuel cell stack provides electricity to a load. The conditioning system includes catalytic reactors and flow regulators for providing a reformed fuel gas stream at a fuel flow rate to the fuel cell. The gas flow path is provided from a fuel source through the conditioning system and to the fuel cell stack. The controller monitors the output parameters of the fuel cell stack, and includes a calibrating routine to calibrate the fuel cell generator system at different operating parameters.
NOVELTY - The cabin is assembled from pre-fabricated nesting top and bottom cabin sections (1, 2), the top section (1) for the toilet bowls and access doors (5) being lifted onto the bottom section (2) for housing the removable composting vessel (10).    USE - Used in e.g. refugee camps, areas hit by natural disasters, temporary workplaces or in connection with military operations or sports events.    ADVANTAGE - The toilet is easily assembled and takes up less space during transport and storage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A toilet cabin for at least one compost toilet of the type comprising a toilet bowl and a vessel beneath it for collecting the waste and carrying away the fully or partially degraded waste has a pre-fabricated construction assembled from top and bottom sections. The top section for housing the toilet bowl and optionally a sink and shower is provided with an outer cover (3), outer walls (4) and at least one access door. The bottom section for housing the waste collection vessel and optionally a hot water boiler and a water pump is provided with a flat cover (6) and with outer walls (8) containing at least one door opening (9) for removing and introducing the vessel. The top section can be lowered over the bottom section during transport and storage of these sections, and can then be raised relative to the bottom section at the intended cabin site, where it is fixed into position so that the bottom section cover forms the floor in the top section. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a similar toilet cabin, in which the floor of the top section forms the roof for the bottom section.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the two pre-fabricated cabin sections.    Top cabin section (1)    Bottom cabin section (2)    Cover (3)    Outer walls (4)    Doors (5)    Cover (6)    Openings for toilet bowls (7)    Outer walls (8)    Door (9)    Compost vessel (10)    Wheels (11)    Holes (12-14)
NOVELTY - Provided is an apparatus for fermenting food wastes by using aerobic microbes, which can reproduce the food wastes into compost or feed by fermenting the wastes evenly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises a cylindrical body(1) with an inlet port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom, at least one or more of two axes of vertical screw conveyors(20) including screws and stirring blades(21) fastened to the axis at least every two screw to be rotated in a fixed turning radius to mix the food wastes well and transferring the wastes downward, a hot jacket or heating device(10) at the top of the body, a heat insulating device(11) at the bottom body, a two stage air or oxygen inflow hole(31) placed below the insulating device for keeping the food wastes in aerobic state, and a discharge device including a horizontal screw conveyor(22) for discharging fermented food wastes to the outside.
NOVELTY - A fuel oil containing waste edible oil is stored in a tank (2). The oil is atomized by spraying air through an ultrasonic atomizer (1). The atomized oil is burnt in a chamber (R).    USE - For stoves (claimed) using waste edible oil as fuel in houses or restaurants, and also for lamps (claimed) for indoor illumination.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures safe combustion by preventing the generation of combustion odor and soot. Protects the environment by minimizing oil consumption and the generation of carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a stove; and    (b) a lamp.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the combustion equipment.    Ultrasonic atomizer (1)    Tank (2)    Chamber (R)
NOVELTY - Medical waste ejected from hospitals is ground inside a grinding vessel, and is mixed with a processing oil inside a conditioning tank. The waste material is then powdered, de-oiled by pressure reduction-dehydration, and is heated in a cooker.    USE - For processing protein-containing waste such as medical waste ejected from hospitals, or animal waste such as chicken ejected from meat processing factories, using oil, for use as a coal substitute, a high quality fertilizer or a high quality feed.    ADVANTAGE - By grinding the waste, the homogeneity of the waste is improved. Thereby, uniform post-processing are enabled and the need for special cooking apparatus can be avoided, giving an economical process. The waste can be recycled into a high quality fertilizer. As the number of apparatus are reduced, the inspection process of the apparatus can be reduced, reducing the cost. The generation of hydrogen sulfide is prevented, hence the processing environment can be maintained with high purity. By supplying bean curd lees, the decomposition rate of the waste is improved. The bean curd lees can be recycled, and the processed waste is recycled into an efficient coal substitute, fertilizer or feed. By performing dehydration in three steps, dehydration can be performed rapidly, in a short time.
NOVELTY - Carbonized material (1) obtained from plant wastes such as soybean cake, and waste paper material (3) obtained from industrial waste paper and corrugated-cardboard paper are mixed, molded and heat dried, to form a solidified fuel of predetermined form. The solidified fuel is heat dried and the ash content obtained by burning the fuel is used as a soil conditioner.    USE - As a domestic fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Waste plant products are economically recycled as fuel, without causing environmental hazards. By using the wash water of metallic mold for mixing waste paper and carbonized material, water quantity used is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solidified fuel used as domestic fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus for manufacturing solidified fuel.    Carbonized material (1)    Mixer (2)    Waste paper material (3)
NOVELTY - Primary and secondary injection apparatus (10,20) with a shutter between them are serially connected to a thermal decomposition furnace (32). The supply of accumulated waste from the primary to the secondary injection apparatus is controlled. The injection of waste from the secondary injection apparatus to the furnace is performed smoothly. A height sensor detects the height of accumulated waste in the primary injection apparatus.    USE - For processing municipal solid waste, industrial waste and special waste material including unclassified materials, by thermolysis.    ADVANTAGE - As controlled injection and smooth injection of waste are carried out, occlusion is prevented and stable injection is performed for reliable processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline diagram of thermal decomposition furnace installation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Injection apparatus (10,20)    Thermal decomposition furnace (32)
NOVELTY - Water and a gas hydrate formation substance are reacted in a gas hydrate formation container (21), to obtain a gas hydrate. A water supply unit (WS) is provided for supplying the reaction water to be sprayed, in a gas hydrate formation container. The container is inclined vertically in the gas hydrate formation reactor (20). A gas hydrate formation substance supply unit (25) is connected to the container.    USE - For manufacturing gas hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - A highly concentrated gas hydrate is obtained efficiently. The amount of water and gas hydrate formation substance which are sprayed, is increased, hence large amount of gas hydrate is obtained economically. Usage of mechanical extraction apparatus such as scraper which is costly and difficult to be maintained, is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Water and a gas hydrate formation substance, are sprayed within a gas hydrate formation container, using spray nozzles (24), to obtain a gas hydrate. A water supply unit is provided for supplying the reaction water to be sprayed, in a gas hydrate formation container. The container is inclined vertically in the gas hydrate formation reactor. A gas hydrate formation substance supply unit is connected to the container, for supplying the gas hydrate formation substance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded view and sectional drawing of the gas hydrate formation reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas hydrate formation reactor (20)    Gas hydrate formation container (21)    Spray nozzles (24)    Gas hydrate formation substance supply unit (25)    Screening unit (26)    Drainage pipe (27)    Communication tubes (28)    Water supply unit (WS)
NOVELTY - The ends (15a1,16a1) of a pair of screw shafts (15a,16a) arranged in parallel in a supply path (12), are bent. The bent ends of both shaft are eccentrically rotated so that distance between the shafts is changed gradually towards conveying side. Rotation phase difference is provided between the both bent ends.    USE - For supplying refuse to incinerator.    ADVANTAGE - The bent ends of both shafts provide rotation phase difference, hence supply material is forcedly stirred by relieving compact condition at the conveying side of screw feeder. The waste material is quantitatively supplied to incinerator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of waste material supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Supply path (12)    Screw shafts (15a,16a)    Ends of screw shafts (15a1,16a1)
NOVELTY - Primary combustible gas (8) and primary residuum (9) are formed by decomposing refuse (1) at 700-950degreesC and maintaining the pressure within 0-4 atmospheres. Secondary combustible gas (11) is obtained by cooling the primary gas. Toxic compounds in the secondary gas are removed by treatment with an appropriate treating agent (13) so that a tertiary combustible gas (16) is obtained.    USE - For gasification of refuse including general and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the possibility of hazardous gas leakage, as secondary gas obtained from the primary gas is treated to remove toxic components. Installation cost is reduced as the gasifier is inexpensive. Heating process is economized and dew formation on the inner face of the apparatus is prevented, preventing generation of strong acid so as to make components durable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fluid bed gasifier for refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram explaining gasification.    Decomposing refuse (1)    Primary combustible gas (8)    Primary residuum (9)    Secondary combustible gas (11)    Treating agent (13)    Tertiary combustible gas (16)
NOVELTY - A catalyst contains a ruthenium component, a zirconium component and an alkali metal component on an alumina support.    USE - For water vapor modification (claimed) of hydrocarbons such as kerosene. The processed hydrocarbon is used for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high catalytic activity. The degradation of catalyst under high temperature during baking or reaction is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for water vapor modification of a hydrocarbon using the above catalyst.
NOVELTY - The catalyst supports a ruthenium component on a support. The cross-sectional cross direction distance (r) and X-ray intensity (I) obtained by carrying out line analysis measurement of ruthenium atoms along one direction in the cross-section of the catalyst using an electron probe and a micro-analysis apparatus satisfies a specific relationship.    USE - For the modification of hydrocarbons such as kerosene oil for the manufacture of fuel cell water.    ADVANTAGE - The catalytic activity of ruthenium is good. High activity can be maintained under high temperature during baking or reacting.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalyst supports a ruthenium component on a support. The cross-sectional cross direction distance (r) and X-ray intensity (I) obtained by carrying out line analysis measurement of ruthenium atoms along one direction in the cross-section of the catalyst using an electron probe and a micro-analysis apparatus satisfies the relation S = (N/N0) x 100, which is 50 or more, where N is a value obtained by subtracting N1 from N0 (N0 is the integral value of I(r) in the interval between one side of catalyst cross section r0 and other side -r0 and N1 is the integral value of I(r) in the interval between -2/3r0 and 2/3r0).    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) the manufacture of a catalyst for hydrocarbon modification;    (b) a water vapor modification method;    (c) a partial oxidation modification method; and    (d) an auto-thermal reformation method.
NOVELTY - A molding mixture containing 100 weight parts of alumina powder and 1-50 wt.pts of clay mineral having high swelling property, is baked to form porous alumina substance.    USE - As catalyst support in fuel reformer used for reforming raw materials such as hydrocarbon and water in hydrogen-rich gas.    ADVANTAGE - The porous alumina substance has excellent collapsible strength, collapsible shapeability and pore volume rate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - 1-5 wt.pts of organic substance is contained in porous alumina substance for 100 wt.pts of total of alumina powder and clay mineral.
NOVELTY - A novel solid denitrification agent consists of organic compounds such as higher fatty acid, higher alcohol and/or paraffin, an iron salt and/or an aluminum salt, and a dephosphorus promoter.    USE - the solid denitrification agent is useful for the circulation process of high density fish culture.    ADVANTAGE - Denitrification and dephosphorization are performed simultaneously in an aerator single tank. The decomposition-resistant organic compound such as nitrogen, phosphorus and tetrachloroethylene, is removed from underground water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model figure of the solid denitrification agent.    Polychlorinated aluminum (12)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus for compost manufacture, comprising peripheral walls of tumbling fermentation bag housings formed of polyethylene terephthalate bottles, is new.    USE - For composting organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Enables quick composting, as solar light penetrates through the transparent bottles providing heat, and the empty bottles providing a gaseous heat retention barrier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises:    (a) a pair of triangular cross-section fermentation bag housings (A) on top and bottom of a tumbling frame (B);    (b) peripheral walls of the housings (A), formed of transparent rectangular polyethylene terephthalate bottles (2) abridging opposing side support plates (1); and    (c) organic refuse filled fermentation bags that are placed in the housings (A) exposed to sunlight and tumbled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Support plates (1)    Transparent rectangular polyethylene terephthalate bottles (2)    Fermentation bag housings (A)    Tumbling frame (B)
NOVELTY - The waste plastic decomposition apparatus performs thermolysis of waste plastic by alpha-rays generated by heating a mica stone (4). The dust mixed with plastic is separated using dust collector (7) and a blow off pipe (6).    USE - For recycling waste plastics.    ADVANTAGE - The decomposition process reduces environmental pollution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of waste plastic decomposition apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Mica stone (4)    Blow off pipe (6)    Dust collector (7)
NOVELTY - Oxygen-containing gas is added to hydrogen containing carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide (CO) in each stage of serial multi-stage catalytic reaction device with step(s), in presence of ruthenium catalyst supported on metallic oxide. The hydrogen is oxidized in presence of ruthenium catalyst and CO is removed from hydrogen. The load of ruthenium catalyst is increased from forefront stage to final stage.    USE - For purification of hydrogen used as fuel for fuel cell electrode.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide contained in the hydrogen is removed without extensive consumption of hydrogen.
NOVELTY - A box-shaped or tubular device comprises spacers arranged inside a frame (11), which is made of stainless steel and has a takeout pipe. Perforated metal plates are fixed to both surfaces of the frame. A hydrogen-permeating membrane clad with member holder is fixed on each metal plate. The hydrogen gas passes through the membrane and flows through the pipe to the outside.    USE - For use in recovering hydrogen gas generated by decomposition of hydrocarbon.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive device is light and strong, such that it can be installed win a gas-reforming plant without using a fixing jig.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a bird eye's view of the inventive hydrogen-recovering device.    Frame (11)    Takeout pipe (12)    Spacers (13)    Hydrogen-permeating membrane (16)
NOVELTY - A process for the production of hydrogen-rich synthesis gas for use in fuel cells, involves the reaction of hydrocarbon liquids, vapors or gases with water (or water vapor) and air (or O2). The reaction takes effect on the surface of a material which is electrically conductive and so can be heated by an applied voltage.    USE - Production of synthesis gas for use in e.g. PEM fuel cells to be used in vehicles (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen-rich synthesis gas is obtained and the problems of slow cold starts and cold spots are overcome.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the apparatus used in the process of production of hydrogen-rich synthesis gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an electrocatalytic reformer with a catalyst-coated porous inner tube and a gas-tight tubular mantle optionally having an internal or external catalyst coating. (Drawing has non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Recovery of a C2+-rich fraction from a hydrocarbon-rich feed comprises cooling and at least partially liquefying the feed and separating it into a C1-rich fraction and a C2+-rich fraction in a column (K1) in which the reflux stream is a C3+-, C3/C4- or C3/C4/C5-rich fraction.    USE - The process is especially useful for recovering a C2+-rich fraction from natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - Compared with prior art processes in which part of the C1 fraction is used to scrub the C2+ fraction (see US4889545 and US5568737), the process gives equally high C2+ yields while reducing the energy required to compress the C1 product (sales gas).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the process in which the reflux stream comes from a downstream deethanizer column (K2).    Feed stream (1)    C1-rich fraction (4)    C2+-rich fraction (5)    Reflux stream. (11')
NOVELTY - The antioxidant preparing process includes anaerobic fermentation of plant materials, separation of fermented liquid and collection of precipitated solid slag, extraction of the precipitated solid slag with proper solvent and drying of the extracted matter.
NOVELTY - A tubular reactor (50) for catalyzing reaction of hydrogen and a gaseous oxidant comprises an elongated housing, a porous catalyst filling the housing, inlets (52, 54) for gaseous fuel and oxidant, and outlet (56) through which a heated and humidified gas (fuel for fuel cell) exits. The catalyst promotes combustion between fuel and oxidant to generate heat and moisture.    USE - The tubular reactor is used for supplying heated and humidified fuel to fuel cells (claimed), which employ hydrogen as fuel and proton exchange membrane (PEM) as solid electrolyte.    ADVANTAGE - Both humidity and heat are imparted to the stream (fuel) through the reactor, prior to the admission to the fuel cell stack, whereas in previous systems humidification through membrane stacks provided humidification only, without imparting a significant temperature shift to fuel for fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) fuel cell system (10); and    (b) method of operating fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (10)    Fuel stack (14)    Fuel supply line (16)    Catalytic reactor (50)    Hydrogen and air inlets (52, 54)    Tubular outlets (56)
NOVELTY - Thermally expandable microspheres comprise a thermoplastic polymer shell and a propellant. The polymer shell is made of a homo- or co-polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising more than 85 wt.% nitrile-containing monomers. The propellant comprises at least 50 wt.% isooctane.    USE - As foaming agent (claimed) for making articles, e.g. rubber tires or soles for shoes.    ADVANTAGE - The thermally expandable microspheres have high values of temperature at which the expansion starts (T-start) and temperature at which maximum expansion is reached (T-maximum), and high expansion capability at high temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a process for producing the microspheres comprising polymerizing the ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an aqueous suspension in the presence of the propellant;    (B) an expandable composition comprising polymeric substance(s) and the microspheres; and    (C) a foamed article obtained by heating the polymeric material containing the microspheres.
NOVELTY - A power cut-off unit cuts off one of power lines of a propulsion motor (13) of vehicle and power line accessory such as air compressor drive system. A cut-off valve (20) cuts off fuel supplied from fuel supply device (16) to a fuel cell (11). A cut-off controller (21) operates power supply cut-off unit after operating cut-off valve based on detected acceleration of vehicle.    USE - For cutting off supply of fuel to fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel supply cut-off operation and power supply cut-off operation can be appropriately controlled in accordance with magnitude of the shock at the time of vehicle collision. Hence the inter electrode pressure of fuel cell can be precisely controlled corresponding to collision conditions. As the solid polymer electrolyte layer of battery is protected reliably, life span of fuel cell is improved efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel supply cut-off method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of apparatus for cutting off fuel of fuel cell vehicle.    Fuel cell (11)    Propulsion motor (13)    Fuel supply device (16)    Cut-off valve (20)    Cut-off controller (21)
NOVELTY - Preparation of a pattern for metal castings, comprises adding hexabromocyclododecane to a vinyl aromatic monomer, suspending in water, adding a blowing agent, heating, separating impregnated beads from aqueous suspension and washing and drying the beads. The process completely eliminates carbon defects in lost foam castings.    USE - Used for producing metal castings.    ADVANTAGE - Produces castings having smooth surfaces with significantly less signs of carbon deposit. The molten metal exactly reproduces the plastic pattern to provide the ultimate casting.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of a pattern for use in making metal castings which have significantly less residual carbon on the surface comprises:    (a) adding a hexabromocyclododecane or tetrabromocyclooctane flame retardant to a vinyl aromatic monomer;    (b) suspending the monomer in water using a suspending agent system;    (c) adding a blowing agent to the partially polymerized suspension and heating the particles; and    (d) separating the impregnated beads from the aqueous suspension, washing and drying the beads, the surface being selected from bronze, brass, ductile, modular or grey iron, magnesium and steel.
NOVELTY - A refrigerant mixture for HCFC-22 substitute is provided. HCFC-22 is one of CFC's which are found to destroy the ozone layer and their production and usage are regulated by Montreal Protocol. Now HFC-407C and HFC-410A are mostly used as the substitutes. The refrigerant substitute in this invention, in various tests, shows identical quality with above HFC-407C and HFC-410A.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mixture composition consists of difluoromethane (CH3F2, HFC-32) as no. 1 component and no. 2 and no. 3 components such as perfluroropropane (C3F8, PFC-218), 1,1-difluoroethane (CH3CHF2, HFC-152a), cyclopropane (C3H6, RC0270), 1,1,1,2,2,-penta-flurorpropane (CH3CF2CF3, HFC-245cb), butane (C4H10, R-600) and bis(diflurormethyl)-ether (CHF2OCHF2, HFE-134). Three kinds of formulations are exampled; 40-70wt.% HFC-32, 5-40wt.% PFC-218 and 10-40wt.% HFC-152a; 50-70wt.% of HFC-32, 5-28wt.% RC-270 and 20-40wt.% HFC-245cb, and the last one with 80-96wt.% HFC-32, 1-12wt% R-600 and 20-40wt% HFC-134.
NOVELTY - A method for manufacturing a nickel-manganese-alumina based catalyst is provided which has superior activity and stability for methane reforming using carbon dioxide, a nickel-manganese-alumina based catalyst for methane reforming is provided which is manufactured by the method and has superior activity and stability, and a method for reforming methane using the nickel-manganese-alumina based catalyst is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for manufacturing a nickel-manganese-alumina catalyst comprises the steps of forming a precipitate by dissolving nickel salt, manganese salt and alumina salt into water and coprecipitating the dissolved material so that nickel-manganese-alumina exists in a weight ratio of 1:1:6 in a manufactured catalyst; drying the formed precipitate, and calcining the dried precipitate to a temperature ranging from 700 to 1000 deg.C; and reducing the calcined precipitate in a temperature of 700 to 1000 deg.C, wherein the salts of nickel, manganese and alumina are selected from the group consisting of nitrates, acetate and hydrochloride of nickel, manganese and alumina. The method for reforming methane comprises the process of reacting the mixed gas using the nickel-manganese-alumina catalyst by infusing a gas in which methane and carbon dioxide are mixed in a ratio of 1:1 into a reactor in a rate of 100 ml/min.
NOVELTY - New methane-absorbing carbon materials consist of substances of composition formula of MCx (M = cesium or rubidium, x is greater than 7 and less than or equal to 60) and absorb methane at temperatures not lower than 0 degrees C.    USE - For absorbing methane (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Methane gas is absorbed under mild conditions. Also methane gas can be absorbed and desorbed reversibly and repeatedly.
NOVELTY - The machine has a stand (1) which is moved on a rail (PR) at top of a pit (P). A conveyor mechanism (2) which includes a rotatable chain (3) with several claws (4) at predetermined pitch, stirs the waste material in pit.    USE - For processing industrial wastes, waste from livestocks.    ADVANTAGE - Improves conveying efficiency and processing capacity by providing claws at predetermined pitch to conveyor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of fermentation machine. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Stand (1)    Conveyor mechanism (2)    Rotatable chain (3)    Claws (4)    Pit (P)    Rail (PR)
NOVELTY - A compost tank (2) has an air circulation pipe joined to the wall pipes (8) and fitted in holes (9) of the side walls (5,5a). A chute is provided for guiding the matured compost formed on lower portion of tank. A scratch pawl is provided near outlet of compost tank lower section, to remove the matured compost.    USE - For treating agricultural waste material, stock raising material, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enables ejecting matured compost easily, as the scratch pawl is provided near outlet of compost tank lower section. Improves operation efficiency by chute which guide the matured compost towards lower portion of tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory diagram of the compost tank.    Compost tank (2)    Side walls (5,5a)    Wall pipes (8)    Holes (9)    Outlet (11)    Scratch pawl (27)
NOVELTY - Waste liquid (F) for fermentation is stored in a vertical tank (1), after solid-liquid separation. The waste liquid is aerated, heated and a portion of processed liquid after fermentation is ejected. The stored liquid is replenished with new waste liquid, so that specified ratio of stored liquid and new waste liquid is maintained. The waste liquid is heated only for predetermined time after replenishing.    USE - For processing waste liquid such as livestock waste by fermentation to form organic fertilizer, particularly in cold places.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables temperature elevation of replenishing waste liquid, when new waste liquid is mixed with stored waste liquid. The mixed liquid needs heating only for a specified lesser time duration and thereby attains optimal temperature for activating microorganisms, quickly. Hence, effective biological treatment is performed. The heated stored liquid enables quick thermal diffusion and heat conduction to the replenishing liquid and reduces heat consumption for the process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fermentation processing apparatus of waste liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of fermentation processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Treatment tank (1)    Fermentation processing apparatus (A)    Heat exchange unit (11)    Aerating unit (13)    Waste liquid (F)
NOVELTY - Food-use algae is propagated in a cultivation tank (1). The liquid containing proliferated algae is circulated into a harvest tank (2) and over-flow tank (3). A filter is positioned in the harvest tank for collecting the proliferated algae and concentrated liquid is recovered automatically in a recovery tank (4).    USE - For production of food-use algae, such as chlorella euglena, spirullina etc., used as food protein, livestock feed etc.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables excellent production of food-use algae, hence provides high yield. The recovery of algae is enabled by unattended operation. Most suitable proliferation conditions are maintained with simple installation. The proliferated algae is recovered efficiently without reducing the proliferation rate of euglena which has motility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: (i) An apparatus for production of food-use algae, comprising cultivation tank which cultivates algae, harvest tank which pumps and stores the proliferated liquid from cultivation tank. Further comprises the overflow tank which stores the proliferated liquid flown from harvest tank and recirculates to cultivation tank. The filter is runnably tensioned between recovery tank which has parallel arrangement established at least on one side of harvest tank. The apparatus further comprises the harvest tank and rollers for operating filter at fixed period. The proliferated liquid of harvest tank is collected in a recovery tank; and (ii) A filter comprising a network-like reinforcement cloth formed by integrally-adhering synthetic and/or natural fiber in under surface of non-woven fabric having fabric weight of 50-800 g/m2.
NOVELTY - Organic or ammoniacal nitrogen in drainage liquid is oxidized, biologically nitrated to nitrous acid or nitrate followed by denitrification and solid-liquid separation. At least part of separated sludge is nitrated and/or denitrated, and the other part is biodegraded and denitrated.    USE - For nitrogen containing drainage liquid.    ADVANTAGE - The method has high denitrification efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic or ammoniacal nitrogen in a drainage liquid is oxidized and biologically nitrated to nitrous acid or nitrate. Denitrification is then performed and the nitrous acid or nitrate is biologically reduced to nitrogen gas. The reaction solution is then subjected to solid-liquid separation. At least one part of the separated sludge from solid-liquid separation process is returned to nitration and/or denitration process. Other part of the sludge is biodegraded and subjected to denitrification process. The method includes a control process to control the amount of non-degraded sludge introduced into the nitrification process so that a nitrification activity of 0.05 g-N/g-VSS/d or more is maintained and dissolved oxygen concentration of the nitrification tank is maintained to 2 mg/L or more.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a flowchart showing the processing method of the nitrogen-containing drainage liquid. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic substance decomposing tank (1)    Nitrification tank (2)    Denitrification tank (3)    Ozone treatment tank (6)    Detector (8)    Control apparatus (9)
NOVELTY - Waste water in an activated sludge tank (1) provided with a stirrer (2), is subjected to aerobic process by an aerator. The amount of aeration is controlled by a control unit (7), so that amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) content is fixed. When the measured DO value becomes less than target value, the control unit switches aerobic process to anaerobic process.    USE - For biological processing of waste water containing organic nitrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The method detects completion of aerobic process reliably. Since the method prevents excessive aeration during aerobic process, the process quickly transfers from aerobic to anaerobic process. The nitrogen content in waste water is effectively removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Waste water is biologically treated by alternately performing aerobic and anaerobic processes.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste water treatment apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows entire schematic view of waste water treatment apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Activated sludge tank (1)    Stirrer (2)    Dissolved oxygen sensor (3)    Control unit (7)
NOVELTY - Upper and lower gas collectors (6,5) having collection hoods are arranged in upper section of tank and a sludge separator (3), is provided adjacent to gas collector having gas collection pipe. Partition walls (7) are arranged above water surface, and treated water emission pipe is arranged above upper section of gas collection pipe. Scum outlet is provided between the sludge floor and separator.    USE - For anaerobic treatment of organic industrial waste water and organic sewage such as food processing waste water, fermentation industrial liquid waste, chemical plant waste water, paper pulp industrial liquid waste, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of separator ensures efficient separation of gas and granulation of sludge, hence an improvement in treated water quality is obtained and gas is prevented from mixing with treated water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of upper counterflow anaerobic treatment apparatus.    Separator (3)    Gas collectors (5,6)    Partition walls (7)
NOVELTY - A stirring apparatus (8) is arranged inside a treatment tank. A positioning device (32) arranges the stirring apparatus in predetermined depth from water surface.    USE - For treating sewage water, human waste, industrial waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Since stirring apparatus is positioned at predetermined depth from water surface by positioning device, the flow rate near water surface is enlarged during anaerobic treatment process, adherence of floating scum on inner wall of treatment tank is prevented by which generation of bad smell is prevented and scum removal process is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial cross-sectional front elevation of positioning device.    Stirring apparatus (8)    Positioning device (32)
NOVELTY - Air is blown from bottom of casing (11) of aeration apparatus immersed in waste water. The casing is connected with two vertical inlet pipes whose upper ends are kept immersed at oil concentration region below surface of waste water. Aerated water is made to collide with obstructing plate (25) at upper end of casing, so that colliding water deflects towards drain holes at upper portion of casing.    USE - For removal of oil component from waste water generated from kitchen of hotels, restaurants, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The method prevents downflow inside the casing and ensures unobstructed intake of oil from the waste water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for aeration apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional elevation of the aeration apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Casing (11)    Obstructing plate (25)
NOVELTY - Waste water purifier (20) consists of a non-woven cloth (3) hung from a plastic foam. A floating object (2) comprising a center of gravity material (4) such as metal provided to lower portion of the non-woven fabric, is floated in the waste water contained in a purification tank (10). Microorganism decomposition reaction is accelerated by supplying air into the tank using an aeration apparatus.    USE - For purifying waste water ejected from industries.    ADVANTAGE - Organic compounds such as oil film is settled on the fibers of non-woven fabric, since a center of gravity material is provided to the lower portion of the non-woven fabric. The waste water purifier can be easily installed at an inexpensive installation cost. Decomposition ability of the aerobic microorganisms living under water is accelerated by supplying air into the purification tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the floating contact object contained in a purification tank.    Floating object (2)    Non-woven cloth (3)    Center of gravity material (4)    Purification tank (10)    Purifier (20)
NOVELTY - A combined apparatus comprises two processing purifiers (1, 15) which are combined by connecting the contact aeration chambers (22, 16) and the precipitation chambers (21, 17), respectively. The anaerobic process is performed in (1) by stopping the air supply. The waste water from the precipitation chamber of (15), is returned to a disinfection chamber of (1) through a return pipe (27).    USE - For processing waste water and treating human waste, kitchen waste, etc.    ADVANTAGE - As the primary processing purifier is operated as anaerobic treatment tank by stopping air supply, anaerobic process is possible thereby sludge storage capability is improved. The flow rate can be adjusted with the flow rate adjusting unit provided between processing purifiers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the combined processing apparatus.    Processing purifiers (1,15)    Aeration chambers (16,22)    Precipitation chambers (17,21)    Return pipe (27)
NOVELTY - Processing purifier (1) (PP) has precipitation tank (22), contact aerator (23) performing anaerobic process when air supply is stopped. Inflow opening (11) is provided at upstream side of tank (22). The PP (15) has contact aerator (16) and precipitation tank (17). Outlet hole (14) is provided at downstream side of tank (17). The purifiers are combined by connecting the aerators through pipes.    USE - For processing waste water from kitchen, bathroom and human waste, etc.    ADVANTAGE - As the primary processing purifier performs anaerobic process when air supply is stopped, sludge storage capability is improved. Disposal of the primary processing purifier becomes unnecessary. By combining another purifier, combined process of human waste is also made possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of combined processing apparatus.    Processing purifiers (1,15)    Inflow opening (11)    Outlet hole (14)    Contact aerators (16,23)    Precipitation tanks (17,22)
NOVELTY - A raw water quality management unit (1) monitors raw water (W). A water purifier (2) purifies water based on the data output from raw water quality management unit. A water supply unit (3) supplies purified water to water supply area. An implementation management unit (4) performs entire plan for development of water implementation.    USE - In water purification.    ADVANTAGE - Enables quality purification of raw water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process flow diagram of water quality management system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Raw water quality management unit (1)    Water purifier (2)    Water supply unit (3)    Implementation management unit (4)    Raw water (W)
NOVELTY - Food waste material is crushed finely and processed using bacteria in the absence of protozoa. Organic substance contained in the material is oxidatively degraded and the bacteria is converted into non-cohesion bacteria. Then processed liquid containing non-cohesion bacteria is introduced into treatment tank-II containing activated sludge and two-phase activated sludge processing is performed.    USE - For treating food waste material ejected from food processing factory using an activated sludge system.    ADVANTAGE - The food waste material is treated efficiently without producing harm to the environment, as production of new waste material such as exhaust gas, processing waste liquid, surplus sludge and incineration ashes, is suppressed. The process is simple and economical, hence applicable to small-scale plants for treating food waste material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Food waste material is processed by finely crushing the waste material. The obtained macerated material is introduced into a treatment tank-I and processed with bacteria in the absence of protozoa. Organic substance contained in the macerated material is oxidatively degraded and the bacteria is converted into non-cohesion bacteria. Then processed liquid containing non-cohesion bacteria is introduced into treatment tank-II containing activated sludge and two-phase activated sludge processing is performed in the presence of protozoa having adherence capacity and in the absence of protozoa without adherence capacity. The protozoa with adherence capacity performs predation removal of non-cohesion bacteria.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of food waste material processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A stir mechanism is provided in a mixing vessel (1). A rotation shaft (21) of the stir mechanism rotates a stirring blade. A hot air supply structure heats the mixing vessel. An air-scoop (61) and a suction mouth (62) are formed on a sealing cover (6). The hot air supply structure heats the air sucked by suction mouth.    USE - For converting organic waste e.g. vegetable waste, waste from food processing industry, into fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Flowing out of air due to leakage is avoided, by sending air to mixing vessel through hot air supply system. Energy saving of heater is attained, since air is introduced from air-scoop to heater through flow path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially notched isometric view of sealing cover of rotation shaft. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Mixing vessel (1)    Sealing cover (6)    Rotation shaft (21)    Air-scoop (61)    Suction mouth (62)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is stored in several interconnected mixing vessels (1). Stirring blades (22) which mix the organic waste stored in the mixing vessel, are rotated by a stirring mechanism. The stirring blades of adjacent vessels rotate in opposite direction. A hot air supply device supplies hot air for heating the organic waste.    USE - For processing organic waste obtained from factory producing foodstuffs, agricultural products, marine products and from houses, for producing compost.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to exchange organic waste between adjacent mixing vessels, thus efficiency of stirring of organic waste is improved. Hence organic waste is fermented easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the mixing vessel and the stirring blade.    Mixing vessels (1)    Stirring blades (22)
NOVELTY - Inflammable refuse (1) is mixed with at least calcium oxide or calcium oxide and silica and the resulting mixture is compacted. The compact formed is hydrothermally treated and solidified by hydrothermal processing to manufacture a solid fuel.    USE - For manufacturing a solid fuel from inflammable refuse, such as municipal refuse.    ADVANTAGE - A solid fuel is manufactured effectively by recycling inflammable refuse at reduced energy consumption. Environmental pollution is minimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacture of solid fuel. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Inflammable refuse (1)
NOVELTY - Biomass is collected and ground. Water is added to the ground biomass to form a slurry. The polysaccharide contained in the biomass is decomposed and saccharified by maintaining the slurry at subcritical or super-critical state of water. The obtained liquid is fermented after an appropriate time to obtain fuel.    USE - For manufacturing fuel such as ethanol and methane, from biomass.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to manufacture fuel from biomass. The extraction-separation of fuel is made easy with less residue and there is no need for heat-processing for gelatinization.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow chart of ethanol production process.
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (20) reforms a hydrocarbon group fuel to a hydrogen-rich heating gas. The fuel reformer has a poisonous substance reduction unit (28) to reduce the poisoning substances contained in raw material and a reforming unit (30) to reform raw material with which the poisoning substances are reduced, to a heating gas using a modification catalyst.    USE - For reforming a hydrocarbon group fuel to a hydrogen-rich heating gas.    ADVANTAGE - The poisoning substance, w.r.t the modification catalyst contained in the reforming raw material, is reduced or removed and reduction in the quality improvement rate with passage of time is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram showing the outline of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel reformer (20)    Poisoning substance reduction unit (28)    Reforming unit (30)
NOVELTY - The waste material aggregate comprises a water soluble polymer and particles of waste material.    USE - For cement auxiliary materials and as supplementary fuel for cement baking kiln and iron manufacture blast furnace (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The aggregate is easily obtained by simple operation. The waste material particles are effectively recycled and used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM in included for a manufacturing method of waste material aggregate which involves stirring of waste material particles with an aqueous water soluble polymer solution, to form the aggregate.
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises hot air ejection holes (11) in stirring vanes (5) attached in a hollow rotary shaft (4) in the process tank (1). Air supplied from blower (6) and heated by heater (7), is discharged through the holes (11) into the process tank (1) charged with organic refuse and microbes.    USE - For domestic and commercial kitchens.    ADVANTAGE - Improves operational safety, as fire prevention dampers which close at abnormality detection are provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises hot air ejection holes (11) in stirring vanes (5) attached in a hollow rotary shaft (4) in the process tank (1). Air supplied from blower (6) and heated by heater (7), is discharged through the holes (11) into the process tank (1) charged with organic refuse and microbes. Fire prevention dampers (15) are provided at inlet and outlet paths of heating air and closed by abnormality detector (18).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual schematic drawing of organic wastes processing apparatus.    Process tank (1)    Hollow rotary shaft (4)    Stirring vanes (5)    Blower (6)    heater (7)    Hot air ejection holes (11)    Fire prevention dampers (15)    Abnormality detector (18)
NOVELTY - Catalyst for the fluid bed gasification of biomass contains a dispersed active metal phase containing nickel on a support of magnesium, iron, silicon oxide compound to give good yield and stability.    USE - In fluid bed reactions, particularly during the synthesis of hydrogen and/or synthesis gas from methane using CO2 or water (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The yield is improved and the stability is good without forming solid residues.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Catalyst for the fluid bed gasification of biomass contains a dispersed active metal phase containing nickel on a support of (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 to give good yield and stability.
NOVELTY - Apparatus for fermenting organic materials has a vertical tank with a mixer (3) which: (i) has mixing elements (3a,3b and 3c) rotatable about and radially-spaced from a vertical axis (4); and (ii) has a driving force radially spaced from the axis (4) on the mixer (3).    USE - The apparatus is used for treating agricultural waste such as straw, hay or liquid manure to give biogas for thermal use with or without thermoelectric energy conversion.    ADVANTAGE - This is an improvement on the apparatus of DE19756485, giving improved biogas removal and accelerated fermentation without the need for an expensive construction to guarantee break-up of the tough, gas-inhibiting cover layers on the organic material but with an easily-operated process which can be automated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the apparatus.    fermentation tank (1)    fermentation space (2)    mixer (3)    mixing elements (3a,b,c)    vertical axis (4)    heater (5a)    insulation (5b)    mixer arms (10a,b,c,d)    reinforcing elements (15a,b,c,d)    drive (26)
NOVELTY - Composition for waste water treatment comprises a polymer flocculant or precipitant and a macrobiotic mixed culture.    USE - For waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The composition provides waste water treatment that is largely independent of variations in the biosphere of the waste water.
NOVELTY - Composting plant storing and releasing biogenic heat and moisture for optimum biofilter efficiency, controls effluent air temperature and humidity.    USE - To store and release heat generated in a composting plant. To exploit this method to assure maximum biological efficiency in the subsequent treatment of effluent air from the plant.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of air in the composting installation, varies much more widely than that of the compost, in accordance with variation of air temperature external to the plant. Efficiency of biological filters used to remove odor from effluent air, reacts markedly to changes in temperature of the air passed through. The new method optimizes temperature and humidity of air from the plant, ahead of the biological filters, hence assuring efficient treatment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The schematic perspective drawing shows airflows and temperatures by day and night. The air is passed first through the composting mass, then through the biofilter.(Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - Process for gasifying large pieces of solid fuel, especially biomass comprises introducing the material to be gasified into a gasification chamber (1); and introducing combustion air to carry out a partial combustion releasing heat to effect the gasification of the remaining material. Gas present in the gasification chamber is drawn off using a ventilator unit (13) and then blown into the chamber against the material to be gasified.    USE - Used for gasifying large bales of straw or hay.    ADVANTAGE - Scale is prevented from forming on the surfaces of the heat exchanger.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for carrying out the gasification process. Preferred Features: The gas is introduced to the sites in the gasification chamber. The gasification process is controlled by changing the power of the ventilator unit. The fuel gas produced is cooled after the combustion to less than 600degrees C in a region of a heat exchanger, whose wall surfaces are coated with a ceramic.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the apparatus.    gasification chamber (1)    ventilator unit (13)
NOVELTY - A membrane electrode assembly (6) comprises a pair of electrodes separated by an ion exchange membrane (550). At least one of the electrodes is formed of a sheet of compressed mass of expanded graphite particles with several fluid channels (20) passing through the sheet between the two opposite surfaces. One of the surfaces touches the membrane when used in a membrane electrode assembly (6). Some of the channels are interconnected to enable flow of the fluid between them.    USE - In electrochemical fuel cells    ADVANTAGE - Uniform thermal conductivity, fluid permeable, enhanced isotropy with respect to thermal and electrical conductivity    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a graphite article    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fluid permeable electrode assembly which includes a transversely permeable article according to the invention.    Electrode assembly (6)    Fluid channels (20)    Ion exchange membrane (550)
NOVELTY - Reformer controller comprises reformer with catalyst unit containing catalysts for steam reforming and partial oxidation reactions, and suppliers for raw fuel gas and oxidizing gas to catalyst unit. Correctors adjust the amount of gas fed to the catalyst unit, and/or its feed timing based on reaction state detectors.    USE - In fuel cell power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Conventionally, the concentration of oxygen in an oxidizing gas is controlled without changing the quantity of oxygen depending on the temperature of the reformer. Errors in the amounts of feed gas thus cause abnormality in the temperature distribution in the reformer. The novel apparatus allows for more stable control of reaction rates, by monitoring reaction rates within the catalyst unit as well as upstream of this unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reformer controller comprises reformer with catalyst unit containing catalysts for steam reforming and partial oxidation reactions, and suppliers for raw fuel gas, containing hydrocarbon and steam, and oxidizing gas, containing oxygen, to catalyst unit. Correctors adjust the amounts of fuel and oxidizing gases fed to the catalyst unit, and oxidizing gas and/or its feed timing based on reaction state detectors within the catalyst unit and upstream of fuel gas and oxidizing gas flows into catalyst unit, respectively.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of controlling a reformer using the abovementioned apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a fuel cell power generation system loading a reformer controlling apparatus.
NOVELTY - Processing method of comprises mixing town sewage sediments with cellulose- containing materials in amount 95% per dry matter and subsequently triturating the resulting till homogeneous mixture is formed. Said mixture is alhydrated and gasified in gas generator plants at not higher than 950 C and the resulting generator gases are then burned out separately or in combination with other fuels at least 1100 C. Invention makes it possible to utilize town sewage sediments and to process high calorie gas which is burned out in electric power stations separately or in combination with main fuel.    USE - Utilization of town sewage sediments at heat electric stations and heat electric generation plants of various power.    ADVANTAGE - Improved ecology and saving in mineral resources.
NOVELTY - Butane fraction is separated by adsorption on synthetic zeolites such as straight CaA hydrocarbons followed by desorption thereof with hydrocarbon. CaA zeolite is zeolite containing at least 11 wt % of calcium oxide, and hydrocarbon for desorption purposes is methane fraction having temperature between 180 and 250 C.    USE - Gas-conversion and petrochemical industry more particularly separation of straight and isomeric hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - Higher purity of the resulting n-butane and isobutane no need of regenerating periodically zeolite since n-butane desorption and zeolite regeneration processes and combined. 1 dwg, 2 tbl
NOVELTY - Method involves treatment of soil with biopreparations and trace elements. Treated soil is sown with legumes and cereal crops. Biopreparations based on Actinomyces sp. 1-96A AOZT Bioflora N B-05, Azotobacter chroococcum VKPM B-3721, Bacillus mucilaginosus VKPM B-5987 and consortium of lactic acid bacterium VKPM 5972 are used as biopreparations for soil treatment. Before sowing seeds are soaked in solution containing 1-4 parts of biopreparation based on Actinomyces sp. 1-96A AOZT Bioflora N B-5 and 1-6 parts of Azotobacter chroococcum VKPM B-3721 per 1000 parts of water. In the process of plant growth leaf-feeding is carried out with mineral fertilizers. Invention is designated for soil recovery polluted with crude oil and petroleum products of its processing. Proposed method provides to decrease asphalt content in soil by 31.6% of its initial level for 3 months.    USE - Biotechnology, soil science, land using.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced effectiveness of method. 5 cl, 4 tbl
NOVELTY - Provided are a method for deodorizing leftover food by zeolite and application method to organic fertilizer by mixing the leftovers with zeolite and aerobic fermenting.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The odor of leftovers is removed by spreading 10-30%(based on the leftovers) of zeolite(less than 0.5mm) as a water controller over the leftover food. The mixture of leftovers and zeolite is fermented with a fan running for 14days, wherein the water content is to be 60-70% by zeolite, and fermentation temperature is 30-80deg.C.
NOVELTY - Provided is a PAH decomposing microorganism for the bioremediation of PAH contamination in soil. And its producing method and oil decomposing compositions containing the same are also provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The microorganism Mycobacterium sp. C2-3 (KCTC 9875P) is capable of decomposing polyring aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) which has 3 or more rings and is selected from the group consisting of pyrene, phenanthrene and fluoranthene. The microorganism, Mycobacterium sp. C2-3 (KCTC 9875P) is isolated by the steps of: sampling samples from the soil contaminated by oils; inserting samples in a minimal medium containing pyrene as a sole carbon source and incubating them for 1 week; transferring the fermented culture into a fresh medium same as the minimal medium above, incubating them and isolating C2-3 strain from the fermented culture; spreading the isolated C2-3 strain on minimal agar medium containing pyrene for 1 week; and identifying colonies as Mycobacterium sp. The oil decomposing compositions contains an effective amount of Mycobacterium sp. C2-3 KCTC 9875P.
NOVELTY - A catalyst supported on an active ingredient chosen from a metal or metal compound is provided to the gas-liquid mixture phase, obtained from solid-liquid separation process of organic waste. De-carbonization acid treatment is performed by an alkali liquid, and gas-liquid mixture is released. Gas containing methane as main component is regenerated from the mixture and the alkali liquid is recirculated.    USE - To manufacture heating gas from various organic waste, to be used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Solid organic waste is converted to heating gas, with high energy conversion efficiency. Generation of toxic substances like dioxin is effectively prevented. Manufacture of the heating gas reduces the usage of fossil fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic waste sludge is subjected to activated sludge treatment and concentrated, to obtain surplus sludge. The surplus sludge and remaining sludge are mixed to obtain a liquid organic mixture. The obtained mixture is maintained at 100 degrees C or more, at preset pressure. Gas containing oxygen in a level of 0.5 times or less of theoretical oxygen level is provided and vapor liquid separation of gas-liquid mixture phase is performed. A catalyst supported on an active ingredient chosen from a metal or metal compound is provided to the gas liquid mixture phase. De-carbonization acid treatment is performed by an alkali liquid, and gas-liquid mixture is released. Gas containing methane as main component is regenerated from the mixture and the alkali liquid is recirculated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow sheet of heating gas manufacture.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing fertilizer. comprising lactic acid fermentation of organic refuse, esterifying fermentation liquid, separating liquid phase containing lactate, increasing pH of fermentation residue, and recovering the pH controlled fermentation residue and esterified residue, is new.    USE - For manufacturing fertilizer from organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The method is economical, simple and effectively manufactures fertilizers from organic refuse. The method enables effective utilization of fermentation residue as byproduct, manufactures lactic acid and enables recycling of organic refuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Manufacturing fertilizer, comprising:    (i) performing lactic acid fermentation of organic refuse;    (ii) separating fermentation liquid containing lactic acid from fermentation residue;    (iii) esterifying fermentation liquid to perform esterification of lactic acid;    (iv) separating liquid phase containing lactate formed by esterification and esterified residue;    (v) increasing pH of fermentation residue, if the pH of fermentation residue is below specific value, to form pH controlled fermentation residue for use as fertilizer; and    (vi) recovering at least one of fermentation residue, pH controlled fermentation residue and esterified residue.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of manufacturing of fertilizer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The fuel reformer comprises a reforming chamber (40) accommodating reformer (26) for reforming fuel containing hydrocarbon into reformed gas containing hydrogen. The chamber is enclosed by an inner casing (44) which is further surrounded by an outer casing (45). The space (52) for heat insulation, between inner and outer casings, is maintained at a predetermined degree of vacuum.    USE - For installation in fuel cell, for reforming fuel containing hydrocarbon into reformed gas containing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - By forming the space for heat insulation with predetermined degree of vacuum between the outer and inner casing, the internal temperature of the inner casing can be maintained to constant temperature, reliably. Hence the fluctuation of reformed gas flow rate due to temperature change is minimized and reliable supply of reformed gas can be attained. The apparatus is simple and compact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A pipeline for detecting the degree of vacuum of the space for heat insulation, is sealed in the outer casing, after detecting the degree of vacuum. An evaporator (22) for evaporating the fuel into gaseous state, and a combustor for warming are arranged in the outer casing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial cross-sectional drawing of fuel reformer.    Evaporator (22)    Reformer (26)    Reforming chamber (40)    Inner casing (44)    Outer casing (45)    Space (52)
NOVELTY - Organic waste disposal system, comprising a waste treatment equipment (1) and carbon dioxide fixing unit (2), where the CO2 produced in treatment tank (3) is supplied to the CO2 fixing apparatus, through supply pipe (13) connected to air pump (12), and treated gas is returned to treatment tank through exhaust tube (18), is new.    USE - For processing organic refuse, livestock waste, food processing residue.    ADVANTAGE - Ejection of CO2 to air during the fermentation and decomposition process, is inhibited. Odor component is simultaneously removed by the CO2 fixing unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing method of organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of organic waste disposal system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic waste treatment equipment (1)    CO2 fixing unit (2)    Treatment tank (3)    Air pump (12)    Supply pipe (13)    Exhaust tube (18)
NOVELTY - Electric power generating device, comprising modifying (3) the exhaust gas received from a garbage treatment tank (1) into a natural gas, where a fuel cell (2) supplies the mixture of the natural gas, the hydrogen received from a hydrogen cylinder (9) and the air received from a blower (6) to an electrical power converter (10), is new.    USE - For supplying electrical power to micro-organism using garbage disposing machine.    ADVANTAGE - Makes use of exhaust gas from the treatment tank for generating electricity, thereby reduces environmental pollution by the exhaust gas. Saves energy by using the natural gas obtained from the garbage treatment process. Facilitates use of wind mill/solar energy for generating electricity in addition for power for garbage disposal machine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electric power generating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Garbage treatment tank (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Modifier (3)    Blower (6)    Hydrogen cylinder (9)    Electrical power converter (10)
NOVELTY - Garbage processing machine, comprising stirring the garbage with a culture base in a treatment tank by blades (3) attached individually to stirring rods (2),where the free-end of each blade opens out, a cover (18) is provided between open ends (17) of the blade, and the stirring rods are attached to a stirring shaft, is new.    USE - For processing garbage generated from kitchen/home to reduce mass and volume of garbage.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents pushing of garbage and the cultural medium charged in the treatment tank into the open space of the blade, thereby reduces the load on the gear motor. Prevents the solids and fibers in the garbage damaging the treatment tank while stirring.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stirring shaft rotates the blade attached to stirring rods and stirs the garbage mixed with a culture medium, and decomposes the garbage by fermentation by the action of an aerobe. The blades open out forming the open ends parallel to the plane of rotation of the blades.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of the blade attached to the stirring rod with the cover.    Stirring rod (2)    Blade (3)    Open end (17)    Cover (18)
NOVELTY - A cylindrical drum (104), rotatably arranged between an injection end board (102) and an ejection end board (103), where a drive unit (107) rotates the cylindrical drum in which a refuse is injected by hopper (109), is new.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Offers organic refuse processing apparatus with high processing efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The injection and ejection end boards are fixed on a base (101). The hopper is provided to injection end board. An ejection slope (110) is provided to the ejection end board for ejecting the treated refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Base (101)    Injection end board (102)    Ejection end board (103)    Cylindrical drum (104)    Drive unit (107)    Hopper (109)    Ejection slope (110)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse processing apparatus (1) has an organic refuse treatment tank (2) provided with a lid (3). A photocatalyst apparatus (7) having photocatalyst layer (10) is detachably mounted on the inner surface of lid. The lid has a window (5) through which light is irradiated to photocatalyst apparatus.    USE - For deodorizing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The processing apparatus efficiently decomposes bad odor generated from organic refuse and improves decomposition capacity of photocatalyst. Since the apparatus uses photocatalyst, installation place is not restricted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photocatalyst layer thus activated by UV rays decomposes odor generated from organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse processing apparatus (1)    Organic refuse treatment tank (2)    Lid (3)    window (5)    Photocatalyst apparatus (7)    Photocatalyst layer (10)
NOVELTY - An U-shaped heater (22a) heats the catalyst. The electrode terminals (25a) and the heater are set in the same side.    USE - For deodorizing exhaust generated by organic refuse processing device.    ADVANTAGE - Extends life span, as expansion and contraction of heater is reduced by making it to U-shape.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of U-shaped heater.    U-shaped heater (22a)    Electrode terminals (25a)
NOVELTY - A carbonized material of agriculture and marine products-type raw materials, comprises copper, iron, manganese and/or zinc ions, attached to a charcoal material which carbonized agriculture and marine products type raw material at 400-800degreesC, by absorption from a corresponding aqueous metal sulfate solution, and then dried.    USE - As a carbonized material of agriculture and marine products type resources, for use as a fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The agricultural and marine products raw materials, ejected as waste, are efficiently recycled by carbonizing the material, producing effective and valuable resources, inexpensively. The recycled raw materials are eco-friendly, and have high economical value. The recycled resources are efficiently utilized as fertilizer containing health minerals, such as iron, copper, manganese and zinc. The method efficiently concentrate-fixes liquid fertilizer component which is obtained by effectively recycling livestock waste and human waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of a carbonized material of agriculture and marine products type raw materials, which involves drying agriculture and marine products type resources, at 400-800degreesC, carbonizing in reducing environment, and setting as charcoal material. The charcoal material is attached with aqueous solution of sulfates of copper, iron, manganese and/or zinc ion, and dried. Further, water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol and/or calcined gypsum, is added as a binder, ground to a powder form, molded, and dry-hardened.
NOVELTY - Temporary heat processing and storage units (1,2) each installed with inlet valves (1a,2a) and outlet valves (1b,2b) store raw material waste. The temporary heat processing units supply the stored wastes to heat processing reactors (10,20). The inlet valves and outlet valves are controlled in such a manner that both the valves are not in simultaneous open state.    USE - For processing city refuse, industrial waste, shredder dust, vinyl chloride, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the residuum from igniting and efficiently processes waste material due to the provision of temporary heat processing and storage units.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a processing device for waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model diagram of heat processing equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Temporary heat processing and storage units (1,2)    Inlet valves (1a,2a)    Outlet valves (1b,2b)    Heat processing reactors (10,20)
NOVELTY - Upper filling portions of mutually juxtaposed packed columns (1,2) are coupled through steam path (4). Top sections of respective columns (1,2) are inserted into shell of condenser (3). Feed openings of columns are connected to boilers (51,52).    USE - For separation and superfractionation of raw methane.    ADVANTAGE - Installation cost, maintenance are reduced because only one condenser is required. The installation space required is less because column is compact. Moreover, energy consumption is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for pure methane manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section of distilling column.    Packed columns (1,2)    Condenser (3)    Steam path (4)    Boilers (51,52)
NOVELTY - Production of a fuel gas from biomass, especially wood used in engines, comprises the use of a solid bed gasifier.    USE - Used in engines.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple and economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of a fuel gas from biomass, especially wood, comprises reacting the biomass with an inorganic mixed catalyst; conditioning the doped biomass inside and outside of the reactor to give a residual water content of 18-32 wt.% and preheating to temperatures up to 120 degrees C; heating in the upper part of the reactor with hot vapor and/or other hot media to 125-195 degrees C and adjusting the water content to 18-32 wt.%; further heating the biomass either with the hot gas media to 250-480 degrees C or feeding a part of the crude gas removed in the lower part of the reactor to the upper part of the reactor and heating the biomass to 250-580 degrees C; heating the biomass remaining as coke in the lower part of the reactor to at least 900 degrees C by adding 5-25 vol.% hot air; and purifying the part of the crude gas removed in the reactor to fuel gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solid bed gasifier for producing fuel gas from biomass comprising a material feed (2), hot vapor nozzles (3) in the upper part, lower hot air nozzles (5) in the central part, a gas outlet in the central part, and an ash collector (8) and outlet in the lowest part and optionally further hot air nozzles (7) in the lower part between the gas outlet and ash outlet.    Preferred Features: The doped biomass is heated to 150-180 degrees C in the upper part of the reactor by adding super heated water vapor and adjusting the water content to 22-28 wt.%.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the gasifier.    Material feed (2)    Hot vapor nozzles (3)    Lower hot air nozzles (5)    Further hot air nozzles (7)    Ash collector (8)
NOVELTY - A sample gas is analyzed for the presence of at least one impurity by combining the sample gas and a carrier gas to form a gas combination. The sample gas from the gas combination is separated to provide a mixture of the carrier gas and the impurity. The mixture of the carrier gas and the impurity is analyzed by emission spectroscopy.    USE - For analyzing a sample gas, e.g. hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, or air for the presence of impurities, e.g. nitrogen, methane, water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and/or oxygen.    ADVANTAGE - The method is continuous, simple, and reliable. It does not require the sample gas to be of higher ionization potential than the gaseous impurity.
NOVELTY - Porous fuel diffusers (21a,21b) and air contact layers (22a,22b) contact plates of anode and cathode (11,12) respectively. A stopper (16) which is arranged in the hollow portion of cathode, stops fuel-flow towards hollow portion of anode. A sealing layer seals the anode to stop fuel-flow.    USE - For wide range of equipment e.g. electric vehicle..    ADVANTAGE - Prevents flowing out of fuel effectively with a simple structure and hence efficient and uniform circulation of fuel within the cell is enabled. Also improves oxidation and reduction of fuel due to fuel diffusion into anode and accomplishes spontaneous cooling due to the structural characteristics, without including a separate cooling device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of fuel cell-pack.    Anode (11)    Cathode (12)    Porous fuel diffusers (21a,21b)    Air contact layers (22a,22b)
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a mixture delivery arrangement (27) with a gas-conducting part (11) and a dispensing unit (37) that interacts with it for applying at least one constituent of the fuel mixture to the mixture delivery arrangement. The dispensing unit interacts with the gas-conducting part of the mixture delivery arrangement. The dispensing unit interacts with the mixture delivery arrangement upstream of a condenser (12)    USE - For delivering a fuel mixture to a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Is of simple construction and guarantees operationally satisfactory preparation of a fuel mixture to be fed into a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an arrangement for delivering a fuel mixture to a fuel cell    mixture delivery arrangement (27)    gas-conducting part (11)    dispensing unit (37)    condenser (12)
NOVELTY - The method involves storing and/or delivering water in the form of a mixture with another fuel constituent that lowers the freezing point relative to that of water. The second fuel constituent is methanol and the mixture is the anode output gas of the fuel cell (10). The mixture of water and another constituent is added to the fuel mixture by injection upstream of the condenser (12).    USE - For loading a fuel mixture for a fuel cell with fuel constituents, whereby a first fuel constituent is water.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the danger of frost forming from water used to load fuel with fuel constituents to be prevented or reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: an arrangement for loading a fuel mixture for a fuel cell with fuel constituents.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional perspective exploded block diagram representation of an arrangement for loading a fuel mixture for a fuel cell with fuel constituents    fuel cell (10)    condenser (12)
NOVELTY - The device has a mixture feed arrangement and a dispensing unit (37) that interacts with it to apply at least one constituent of the fuel mixture to the mixture feed arrangement. A measurement arrangement (28,29) that interacts with a control unit (31) determines the mixture ratio of the fuel mixture and is used for regulated setting of the ratio by the dispensing unit interacting with the control unit.    USE - For delivering a fuel mixture to a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Guarantees delivery of a defined fuel mixture to a fuel cell in a reliable manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional perspective exploded block diagram representation of a device for delivering a fuel mixture to a fuel cell    dispensing unit (37)    measurement arrangement (28,29)    control unit (31)
NOVELTY - The system has at least one fuel cell with an anode part (1a) and a cathode part (1b) and a CO absorber (8), whose absorber region (8a) is associated with a fuel delivery side of the anode part and a desorption arrangement corresponding to a desorption region (8b) with an arrangement for feeding in a desorption flow containing oxygen. The desorption arrangement contains a desorption flow feed connected to the desorption flow entry side of the desorption region, which branches off from a cathode gas feed line and/or is connected to a cathode gas outlet of the cathode part.    USE - For fuel cell vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Good removal of carbon monoxide from the flow of fuel into the cell(s) is achieved with one or more CO absorbers from which the CO can be desorbed relatively well and inexpensively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a method of operating a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system with a CO absorber and a desorption arrangement on the cathode feed side    anode part (1a)    cathode part (1b)    CO absorber (8)    absorber region (8a)    desorption region (8b)
NOVELTY - Reformate fuel treatment system for fuel cell power plant comprises at least one fuel cell to generate electricity from reformate fuel and process oxidant streams with electrolyte, reformer to process hydrocarbon fuel into reformate and disposable ammonia scrubber in fluid communication with reformer.    USE - Fuel cell for use in vehicles, or portable or stationary power plants.    ADVANTAGE - Reformation of hydrocarbon fuels generates ammonia that reduces the efficiency of a fuel cell. The novel system effectively reduces ammonia levels in the fuel cell to below 1 ppm using an ammonia scrubbing arrangement that may be either disposable or regenerable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reformate fuel treatment system for fuel cell power plant comprises at least one fuel cell (12) to generate electricity from reformate fuel and process oxidant streams with electrolyte (30) secured between anode (32) and cathode (34) catalysts, component to process hydrocarbon fuel into reformate including reformer (48), and disposable ammonia scrubber (86) in fluid communication with reformer, secured with fuel inlet that directs reformate fuel from scrubber to pass the anode catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematically a reformate fuel treatment system for a fuel cell power plant including a disposable ammonia scrubber.    fuel cell (12)    electrolyte (30)    anode (32)    cathode (34)    oxidant blower (36)    water transport plate (40)    reformer (48)    ammonia scrubber (86)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide is selectively oxidized in a hydrogen-rich gas stream by contacting a mixture of the hydrogen-rich gas stream and a molecular oxygen-containing gas with a monolithic structure material, at a gas velocity such that flow through the monolithic structure is laminar. The monolithic structure material has a conductivity of at least 30 W/m-K, and is provided with a catalyst.    USE - For the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich gas stream.    ADVANTAGE - The method minimizes the temperature gradients in a catalyst bed without applying internal cooling, and results in higher carbon monoxide conversion.
NOVELTY - A distribution manifold which integrally connects fuel cell stack portion (88) of the fuel cell (24) and waste energy recovery portion (26), has supply and exhaust passages. The supply and exhaust passages interconnect respective supply and exhaust openings of the stack portion (88) and recovery portion (26).    USE - Fuel cell e.g. solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) for gasoline and diesel engine systems in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since fuel cell stack portion and waste energy recovery portion are interconnected, manufacturing cost, package size and mass are reduced. Reliability is improved by eliminating pipes and connections between sub-systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of directing flow in fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of fuel cell.    Fuel cell (24)    Waste energy recovery portion (26)    Fuel cell stack portion (88)
NOVELTY - Liquid fuel is obtained by catalytic polymerization of synthesis gas prepared by conversion of methane. The latter process is carried out in plasma tube at 1175-1225 C and pressure 3-5 atm in presence of oxygen-containing gas, oxygen content constituting 150-200 wt.% of the methane content. Polymerization is carried out by consecutively passing synthesis gas over chromium-nickel catalyst and zeolite catalyst at 140-160 C and 65-78 atm. Product is processed to isolate mixture of saturated hydrocarbons.    USE - Petrochemical processes.    ADVANTAGE - Enlarged fuel resource.
NOVELTY - Apparatus and method for treating food waste biologically to preserve ecosystem by feeding fermented food waste to earthworm and by using excrement of earthworm and earthworm egg being contained in earthworm's excrement as fertilizer, to neutralize acid soil by earthworm's excrement(organic fertilizer, high-quality seedbed soil).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for treating food waste biologically using earthworm comprises the steps of:    (1) adding ferment agent after taking food waste;    (2) filtering and dehydrating foreign matter as transferring food being added with the ferment agent;    (3) mixing filtered and dehydrated food;    (4) adding ferment agent which is mixed with maturity material like sawdust, rice hulls and microbial ferment agent into the mixed food;    (5) making mixture by mixing food with ferment agent having maturity material, fermenting and ripening the mixture in fermentation tank(210);    (6) providing the earthworm food which is manufactured by fermenting and ripening mixture into breeding tank(330) of earthworm with fixed thickness; and    (7) discharging earthworm's excrement and earthworm egg to the lower side of breeding tank(330).
NOVELTY - Large non-flammable materials (5a) and metals are removed from thermolyzed char (5) of waste material. 10-30% water is added to the char, followed by compression molding. The char is hardened and is subjected to forced draft cooling drying, to obtain solidified waste (RDF).    USE - To process waste material, e.g. municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - Since the solidified material has high specific gravity, the need for removal of small sized non-flammable materials and grinding before molding are avoided. The fine char does not disperse during transportation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solidified waste manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the RDF manufacture.    Thermolyzed char (5)    Non-flammable material (5a)
NOVELTY - An environmental purification material comprises a binder (31) mixed with a carbonaceous powder (30). The carbonaceous powder is obtained by dry distillation of a solid fuel which is obtained by crushing, drying and molding a refuse.    USE - As an environmental purification material.    ADVANTAGE - Consumption of the solid fuel is accelerated so as to utilize the solid fuel effectively as an environmental purification material. The refuse is disposed of safely without causing environmental problems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of an environmental purification material, comprising crushing, drying and molding refuse in a predetermined form to obtain a solid fuel, dry distilling the solid fuel to form the carbonaceous powder, and granulating and solidifying powder by drying.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the production of an environmental purification material from carbonaceous powder. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbonaceous powder (30)    Binder (31)
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (20) comprises an reforming unit (50) to reform a raw material containing hydrocarbon fuel and water to a hydrogen-rich reformed gas, a carbon monoxide reducer to reduce carbon monoxide in the reformed gas and to produce heating gas, and a pressure regulator (62) to adjust the pressure differential of the reforming unit w.r.t the carbon monoxide reducer (70).    USE - For reforming hydrocarbon fuel to a hydrogen-rich heating gas using water.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer has high energy efficiency, and reduced size.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel reformer (20)    Reforming unit (50)    Pressure regulator (62)    Carbon monoxide reducer (70)
NOVELTY - A screw (4) with a spiral vane, arranged rotatably in a casing (1), sends the waste material from an insertion opening (2) to a discharge port. A plate (11) with penetrating pores (11a,11b) is provided downstream of the water extraction portion (B). A cutter (12) is provided in the holed plate to cut the waste material passing through the penetrating pore.    USE - For water extraction of waste material, e.g. organic refuse supplied to incinerators e.g. gasifiers.    ADVANTAGE - Water is extracted from the waste material efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of a waste material water removal water removal device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Casing (1)    Insertion opening (2)    Screw (4)    Plate (11)    Penetrating pores (11a,11b)    Cutter (12)    Water extraction portion (B)
NOVELTY - An inflammable organic substance is carbonized in a coke oven chamber (1) by heating. After carbonization, water is supplied to the carbonization interior chamber, so that the carbonized material is cooled.    USE - For the carbonization of inflammable organic substances such as organic refuse, papers, timber and paper diapers.    ADVANTAGE - The water is supplied to the carbonization interior chamber, so that the carbonized material is quickly cooled to 100 degrees C. Hence the duration of cooling operation is reduced, thereby the duration of whole carbonization process and fuel consumption are reduced. Ignition of carbonized material is prevented, since the carbonized material in carbonization interior chamber is cooled immediately by pouring water automatically inside the chamber after carbonization by water pouring unit. The water pouring unit is easily provided in the carbonization apparatus. Freezing of pipeline is prevented by operating electric heater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a water pouring structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the carbonization process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Coke oven chamber (1)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse, e.g. garbage, is ground and mixed with waste water (19). The mixture is subjected to solid-liquid separation in a separation tank (2) to separate waste water from the solid ground material (21). The supernatant liquid (28) separated is treated with microorganisms in an anaerobic tank (4) and the solid material is treated in a fermentation tank (7).    USE - For the simultaneous processing of organic refuse and waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively processes organic refuse and waste water, and reduces energy consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the simultaneous processing of organic refuse and waste water. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Separation tank (2)    Anaerobic tank (4)    Fermentation tank (7)    Waste water (19)    Solid ground material (21)    Supernatant liquid (28)
NOVELTY - A porous ceramic for carrying microorganisms comprising silicon oxide, ferrous oxide, magnesium oxide and titanium oxide, and exhibits acidic property, is new.    USE - As carrier for carrying acid resistant microbes in soil (claimed) and for annihilation disposal of organic substance such as organic refuse, carbohydrate, starch, fat, protein, blood, nitrogen compound, waste, pulp, small cut pieces of corrugated-cardboard, polystyrene foam, half-split chopsticks, cigarettes and plastics which do not contain chlorine.    ADVANTAGE - The porous ceramic serves as effective carrier for acid-resistant microorganisms in soil and enables efficient annihilation disposal of organic substance such as organic refuse, hardly producing bad smell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the porous ceramic microorganism carrier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An organic waste/refuse is crushed and fermented with Lactobacillus, to obtain a lactic acid fermentation processed material. The processed material is subjected to primary boiling to obtain a liquid-I containing lactic acid and residuum-I. The obtained residuum-I is then subjected to secondary boiling, to obtain a liquid-II containing lactic acid and residuum-II.    USE - For purifying lactic acid.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively improved purification and recovery of lactic acid in short period. The method is simple and produces highly pure lactic acid with high productivity. The method does not require cleaning of filter or waste water treatment, thereby prevents environmental pollution. The residuum obtained by the method is effectively utilized as feed for livestock and as fertilizer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a solid-liquid separator used for separating and purifying lactic acid fermentation processed material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Solid-liquid separator (10)    Centrifuge (11)    High pressure dehydrator (13)    Crusher (14)    Fermenter (15)
NOVELTY - Lactic acid present in organic refuse is reduced and the reduced lactic acid is fermented to obtain high optical purity lactic acid.    USE - As raw material (in form of polylactic acid) for manufacturing bags.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables manufacture of lactic acid with high optical purity. The method is simple and easy. Bags manufactured using high optical purity lactic acid is transparent and has excellent strength. No odor is generated during recycling of bag made of the lactic acid as raw material.
NOVELTY - The method involves supplying oxygen of specified volume to a melting and heat retention reactor (16) connected to the side wall of a pyrogenetic reaction tower (5) in which a carbonized product (11n) is subjected to partial oxidation gasification and melting.    USE - For performing carbonization gasification and melting of industrial or domestic waste material for the formation of slag used as an aggregate for concrete.    ADVANTAGE - Since the concentration of oxygen gas supplied to the reactor is specified, the content of iron contained in the slag formed in the reactor is reduced and hence the slag is suitable for use as an aggregate for concrete. Since the amount of oxygen gas supplied to the reactor is controlled, accurate combination of fuel supplied to the reactor is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste material processing installation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the waste material processing installation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pyrogenetic reaction tower (5)    Carbonized product (11n)    Heat retention reactor (16)
NOVELTY - A gasifier (2) is provided to form combustible gas (5) from waste material (1). A pair of dust removal units (7,8) are serially connected to the gasifier.    USE - For waste treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The serial arrangement of the pair of dust removal units ensures the efficient removal of trace amounts of substance in combustible gas. Heat recovery at high temperature is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the waste disposal system.    Waste material (1)    Gasifier (2)    Combustible gas (5)    Dust removal units (7,8)
NOVELTY - Decomposing plant waste, comprising integrating it and adjusting amount of waste material fermented and water content rate to 1.0 cm2 and 70 % or less, respectively, is new. A control sets a temperature management and moisture content injection program based on moisture content rate and input amount of fermentation material. The fermented material is subjected to primary and secondary fermentation reduction.    USE - For decomposition of plant waste material such as pruning twig, fallen leaves, strained skin and branch of grapes, weeds etc, food processing plant, abandoned vegetables, in soil.    ADVANTAGE - Rapid amount reduction is enabled by continuous primary fermentation. Accumulation of large amount of waste is prevented. Mixing of other material such as chaff for adjusting the water content rate, is not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Decomposing plant waste material, by integrating it and adjusting the input amount of waste material fermented material and water content rate to 1.0 cm2 and 70% or less, respectively, is new. A control program sets temperature management program and moisture content injection program based on moisture content rate and input amount of fermentation material. A primary fermentation amount reduction method involves charging fermented material into a primary fermenter equipped with water content supply unit, fermentation promoter supply unit, stirring unit and temperature control unit. Fermentation promoter is supplied and primary fermentation is carried out by injecting water, temperature control and stirring. Secondary fermentation reduction involves extraction of primary fermented material and carrying out fermentation. The control program resetting step resets temperature management program and water content injection program.
NOVELTY - An extermination agent for larva of fly, contains bacterial of Bacillus especially Bacillus subtilis.    USE - For extermination of larva of fly in poultry farm, pig-farm, pasture, areas deposited with excrement of live-stocks, fertilizer production areas etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since chemical substances are not used for eradication of flies, the agent is highly safe for human and animals. The agent is highly effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of extermination of larva of fly in livestock dung, which involves spraying Bacillus subtilis on the dung.
NOVELTY - A binder is added to a hydrogen absorbing alloy powder and a paste is made. The paste is then applied to porous metallic sheet and compressed laminatingly. The laminated sheet is then housed in a container (8) provided with a gas inlet opening (9) and gas outlet opening (9').    USE - In fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents isolation of hydrogen absorbing alloy powder by using the binder. Releases hydrogen quickly due to specific laminated structural feature of sheet containing hydrogen absorbing alloy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of hydrogen absorption and releasing container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Container (8)    Gas inlet opening (9)    Gas outlet opening (9')
NOVELTY - Heat transfer plates are arranged in piles to accelerate the heat transfer of each gas in main housing of heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a molded construction in the periphery. A raw material heater (16) is arranged between each transfer plate without brazing a fin. The heater is attached in a modifier (6) through a heat insulating material (20).    USE - For modifying raw material gas such as natural gas in carbonate type fuel cell power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces manufacturing cost by eliminating brazing operation of fins and thereby facilitates mass production having the same manufacturing method as that of raw material pre-heater. Obtains a compact apparatus with increased structural strength in high temperature area of a raw material pre-heater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modification chamber and a combustion chamber are arranged vertically in alternate piles. The heat exchanger carries out heat exchange between a raw material gas and a modified gas whose piping (5,8) protrude horizontally from the side of the raw material pre-heater.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of raw material pre-heater and the integrated plate type modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Piping (5,8)    Modifier (6)    Raw material heater (16)    Heat insulating material (20)
NOVELTY - A heat reclaimer (150) heats methanol mixed solution before supplying to hydrogen production device (100), using exhaust gas from a burner (111). A heat insulation container (151) stores heated methanol solution which is supplied to the hydrogen production device.    USE - For vehicle, vessel and portable electricity generation device.    ADVANTAGE - Heated methanol solution is stably supplied to the hydrogen production device, thereby operation of the fuel cell is stabilized immediately after the start-up.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of a fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen production device (100)    Burner (111)    Heat reclaimer (150)    Heat insulation container (151)
NOVELTY - Discharge resistance circuit (400) reduces residual hydrogen (H2) in H2 circulatory system including H2 separation membrane (106) by impressing a voltage from battery (401) to fuel cell (100). Residual H2 is electrochemically conveyed from fuel electrode to air pole during system stoppage. Circulatory system is allowed to circulate water vapor after power generation using residual H2.    USE - Fuel cell system for moving bodies.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces residual hydrogen concentration in a hydrogen circulator system within a short time before the temperature of hydrogen separation membrane reaches hydrogen embrittlement temperature, by electrochemically conveying residual hydrogen. The energy efficiency is increased at the time of system stop as the electricity is generated using the residual hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (100)    Hydrogen separation membrane (106)    Discharge resistance circuit (400)    Battery (401)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (200) generates electricity by chemical processing of hydrogen and oxygen. Another fuel cell (210) generates electricity by chemical processing of unreacted hydrogen and oxygen that are output from the fuel cell (200). A valve (505) closes or opens the exhaust route which outputs unreacted hydrogen ejected from fuel cell (200) to fuel cell (210).    USE - For vehicles, vessels and portable electricity generation device.    ADVANTAGE - Effective usage of unreacted hydrogen is performed by the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cells (200,210)    Valve (505)
NOVELTY - A composite layer having predetermined length, comprises internal and external catalyst layers (14a,14b) on both sides of an electrolyte layer (13). The composite layer is between the internal electrodes (12a,12b) of predetermined length, such that gas passageways (15a,15b) are formed between the electrodes.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies structure and production process of fuel cell. Improves yield and production cost is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory and sectional views of fuel cell.    Internal electrodes (12a,12b)    Electrolyte layer (13)    Catalyst layers (14a,14b)    Gas passageways (15a,15b)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse gas (G) from an organic refuse processing unit (12) is collected in process chamber (21). A cooling system (25) cools and liquefies the gas. A titanium oxide photocatalytic reaction layer (30) is formed in process chamber to adhere liquefied gas. An ultraviolet light unit (35) in the organic refuse gas treatment unit (20), irradiates ultraviolet rays to the photocatalytic reaction layer.    USE - For processing organic refuse to manufacture organic fertilizer and special fertilizer for soil improvement.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the environmental pollution due to the discharge of waste water by collecting and processing it as a harmless gas. Bad odor or harmful bacteria are eliminated by processing and process efficiency of the apparatus is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Organic refuse processing unit (12)    Organic refuse gas treatment unit (20)    Process chamber (21)    Cooling system (25)    photocatalytic reaction layer (30)    Ultraviolet light unit (35)    Organic refuse gas (G)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system consists of a gas production unit for hydrogen rich synthesis gas preconnected to fuel cell with desulfurizing unit for supplied fuel or synthesis gas. The desulfurizing unit (3) is provided with a heating unit (4). The heating unit is to be driven electrically and independent of the following connected gas production unit (2) or the fuel cell (1). The heating unit is operated with the heat of the exhaust gas or a part flow of the synthesis gas from the gas production unit.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The construction and the function of the fuel cell system is optimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure 1 shows a fuel cell system with a desulfurizing unit for the supplied fuel.    Fuel cell (1)    Fuel (B)    Gas production unit (2)    Desulfurizing unit (3)    Heating unit (4)
NOVELTY - A laminated (multilayer) film comprises polyaniline and one or more polymer layers whereby a porous base layer consisting of ethylcellulose polyetheramide/-imide, polyvinylidene difluoride, cellulose acetate or polyacrylonitrile is applied onto a polyaniline film from the liquid phase.    USE - The laminated film is useful for gas separation, pervaporation or liquid separations. The film is useful for screening electromagnetic radiation, IR radiation, certain spectral regions of the visible spectrum, as a conductive medium for protons and/or electrons (polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cells), for sensors; or for separation processes whereby the properties of the film may be altered by applied electromagnetic or electrical fields (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The laminated film is stable and defect free and has enhanced gas permeability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) Process for the pretreatment and cross-linking and/or combination of a polyaniline film with polymer compounds by preparation of a polyaniline film having a solvent content of 1-30 wt.%; and    (2) Process for the removal of a laminated film from the surface of a substrate support material by use of mixtures of alkanes/alkanones and alcohols with water.
NOVELTY - Use is claimed of vegetable oils in (i) the catalytic production (plant oil reformation) of H2 which is then used as a starting material for 'cold combustion' in a stationary or mobile fuel cell to produce electrical energy or (ii) direct 'cold combustion' in fuel cells for formation of H2 and its oxidation to H2O and CO2 with the production of electrical energy (e.g. direct methanol fuel cells).    USE - Production of electrical power in automobiles, e.g. in 'new electric cars'.
NOVELTY - A combined miniature float cover for marsh gas features that the gas delivering pipe linked to marsh gas pool is divided into two ways, one consists of automatic valve, miniature float cover and gas stove and another is composed of regulatable pressure-limiting valve, gas bag, gas pump, miniature float cover and gas stove. Its advantages include high output rate of marsh gas for marsh gas pool, high gas storage volume, less leakage rate, and simultaneous use of multiple stoves for a single marsh gas pool.
NOVELTY - A complete set of machines for preparing biological organic compound fertilizer from solid wastes such as life garbage, slurry, drug or droppings, powdered coal ash, dregs, etc is composed of solar concentrating and fermenting unit, baker, crusher, electronic proportioning system, mixer, granulating unit, low-temp baking and cooling unit, sieving unit, etc. Its advantages are environment protection, and high fertility.
NOVELTY - A process for preparing biological organic compound fertilizer from solid wastes includes 9 steps i.e. fermenting, baking, crushing, proportioning, etc. The useful bacteria such as azotobacterium, phosphorus bacterium, potassium bacterium are inoculated to organic carrier by biologic engineering and physical process. Its advantages include environment protection, fast effectiveness, and balancing the nutrients in plant.
NOVELTY - Reduction of carbon monoxide from hydrocarbon reformate involves channeling reformate-oxidizing gas mixture into reactors comprising bifunctional material, chemisorbing the carbon monoxide by the bifunctional material, converting the chemisorbed carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, and regenerating the chemisorption capacity of the bifunctional material in the reactors.    USE - For reducing CO from hydrocarbon reformate used in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, particularly PEM fuel stack.    ADVANTAGE - The method eliminates parasitic consumption of hydrogen and the reverse shift effect. It also optimizes the speed, robustness and thoroughness of CO removal even when the CO level in the reformate fuel input changes significantly. It fully utilizes a packed bed adsorbent with minimum volume and weight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reduction of carbon monoxide (CO) from hydrocarbon reformate involves mixing an oxidizing gas with the reformate to form a reformate-oxidizing gas mixture, channeling the mixture into reactors comprising bifunctional material, preferentially chemisorbing the CO by the bifunctional material, converting the chemisorbed CO to carbon dioxide, and regenerating the chemisorption capacity of the bifunctional material in the reactors. The reactors are capable of positional change.
NOVELTY - Composition contains 1-2% of oil-oxidizing microorganisms, 25-35% of fertilizer (manure), and 63-74% of adsorbent. As microorganisms, activated sludge is used obtained from drainage-type waste disposal plants belonging to petroleum refinery. Sludge is picked from distributing chamber of secondary settlers 0-8 h after withdrawal from system for regeneration. Soil cleaning method includes treatment of the latter by indicated composition in combination with a monthly loosening of polluted soil to a depth of 50-55 cm. Optimal contents of adsorbent and activated sludge in composition are found from formulas describing dependence of the degree of biodegradation of petroleum products on content of adsorbent in polluted soil and on activated sludge dose.    USE - Oil pollution removal.    ADVANTAGE - Improved environmental property of composition and improved economical efficiency of soil cleaning process. 2 cl, 5 dwg, 3 tbl
NOVELTY - Manufacturing organic composite liquid fertilizer comprising using wastes of herb medicine, farm and livestock and fish and shellfishes to improve acid soil in existing organism of liquid fertilizer and many element nourishment in soil for long time, to increase harvesting quantity by growing plant in health by increasing fertility of soil, to reduce environmental pollution due to agricultural chemicals and livestock wastes, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Manufacturing organic composite liquid fertilizer comprising using wastes of herb medicine, farm and livestock and fish and shellfishes by:    (1) extracting herb invigorant component through selection and mixing process, rot process, fermentation process, extraction process of herb invigorant dregs using rice straw fermentation liquid being fermented rice straw with fermentation agent;    (2) extracting stock breeding excretion liquid through mixing process to mix rice hulls, sawdust with stock breeding excretion, rot process, fermentation process, extraction process of farm and livestock wastes;    (3) extracting conchoidal calcic liquid through washing process, burning process, dissolution process of conchoidal kind of fish and shellfishes;    (4) extracting peat organic liquid through crush process, rot process, fermentation process, extraction process of peat;    (5) extracting ocher mineral liquid through crush process, mixing process, filtration process of ocher; and    (6) manufacturing organic composite liquid fertilizer through mixing process, deodorization process, aeration process of extraction liquid of five sorts.
NOVELTY - A method for producing the fermented fodder using food wastes is provided, thereby the leachate can be effectively treated during the production of fermented fodder, so that the production cost can be lowered.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for producing fermented fodder comprises the steps of: dehydrating the food wastes by using a spin dryer; adding agricultural and livestock fodder into the dried food wastes; continuously drying the mixture; primarily selecting and adding organic additives into the mixture; fermenting the mixture under vacuum condition; crashing the fermented fodder; secondly selecting, pellet processing and cooling; and drying the fermented feed, in which the leachate produced by the dehydration step is dried in a dryer, the condensed water from the dehydration step is exhausted and sludge from the dehydration step is recycled into the dehydration step.
NOVELTY - Disclosed is a method for treating organic waste to produce high-quality compost with high CEC(Cation Exchange Capacity) and humification grade using alkaline earth metal mineral powder, inorganic acid, bulking agent etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for treating organic waste is characterized by injecting mineral powder containing alkaline earth metal, plastic powder thereof, dried organic matter like peat, sawdust, rice hulls as bulking agent into organic waste like food garbage, livestock excretions, agricultural and marine products waste, sewage and waste water sludge, slaughter place waste, food processing factory waste; neutralizing to the pH7 by providing inorganic acid like sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrogen chloride as stirring in the blender(6) with blender-stirrer(7); maturing in maturity tank(11).
NOVELTY - A method for producing feed, compost and salt from food waste is provided to prevent environmental pollution caused by food waste and serve high-quality feed, compost and salt simply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method is characterized by the following steps of: (i) compressing food waste and separating the pressed waste into feed materials and water and compost materials; (ii) getting high quality compost by pulverizing the dehydrated food waste and mixing with by-products of saw dust and livestock excretions before fermenting, drying and stirring the mixture; (iii) separating the feed materials and the water by repressing the rest materials and getting high quality feed by storing the feed materials with powdered bread or ham and forming the mixture into a pellet shape before sterilizing and dehydrating the pellet; and (iv) mixing the rest water separated from the waste with a fixed amount of seawater and producing high quality industrial salt.
NOVELTY - Decomposition of water is carried out by reacting water with metal zinc and magnetite and generating hydrogen as reaction product.    USE - For decomposing water.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is generated at a comparatively low temperature and oxygen is generated during the decomposition of zinc ferrite within solar furnace, at high temperature. The zinc and magnetite used as raw materials can be recycled, thereby reducing the wastage of raw materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the situation of hydrogen generation measured with mass spectrometry in hydrogen generation reaction by water splitting reaction using zinc powder and iron oxide. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A filter (8) is immersed in bioreaction tank (5) through partition plate (6). Mean velocity of sludge mixed liquor on the filter surface is more than the sludge sedimentation velocity. Sludge sedimentation velocity is less than 0.05 m/s.    USE - For processing industrial waste water, or organic daily use waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Uniform dynamic filter layer is formed. Enables obtaining stable filtration water quality, by setting velocity of sludge at filter surface more than sludge sedimentation velocity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a filtration apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows filtration apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Bioreaction tank (5)    Partition plate (6)    Filter (8)
NOVELTY - An hydraulic pump (43) of an industrial machine and a gear pump (44) are connected to an output shaft of a motor (40). The hydraulic pump and the gear pump supply oil pressure to two boom cylinders (4L,4R) and a bucket cylinder (5) and to two hydraulic motors (36,37) of two band conveyors (7,8), and another hydraulic motor (28) which operates a stirring rotor (9).    USE - For stirring compost formed from cattle dung and straw.    ADVANTAGE - Accelerates fermentation of compost by stirring. Enables to convey compost with band conveyor. Improves operability of operator and durability of wheel loader. Avoids requirement of separate hydraulic unit for band conveyor by using the oil pressure from gear pump which also supplies oil to the stirring rotor motor. Facilitates obtaining large force for operating industrial machine by changing inclination of HST pump.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An hydraulic pump (43) of an industrial machine and a gear pump (44) are connected to an output shaft of a motor (40). The hydraulic pump and the gear pump supply oil pressure to two boom cylinders (4L,4R) and a bucket cylinder (5) and to two hydraulic motors (36,37) of two band conveyors (7,8), and another hydraulic motor (28) which operates a stirring rotor (9). The oil pressure supplied from the pump (43), is supplied to the hydraulic motor (28) and to all the cylinders through a flow dividing wall (64). The gear pump (44) supplies oil pressure to the band conveyor and the stirring rotor through another flow dividing valve (65). An inching pedal reduces the inclination angle of a HST pump.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a portion of an hydraulic circuit for compost stirring machine of an industrial machine. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Boom cylinders (4L,4R)    Bucket cylinder (5)    Band conveyors (7,8)    Stirring rotor (9)    Hydraulic motors (28,36,37)    Hydraulic pump (43)    Gear pump (44)    Flow dividing walls (64,65)
NOVELTY - Food waste material is ground finely and mixed with coal ash and calcined lime. The lime reacts with the food waste and generates heat which evaporates moisture content from the mixture. Coal ash adheres and solidifies on surface of solid content in the mixture which is hardened to manufacture organic fertilizer.    USE - The method is useful for manufacturing organic fertilizer from food waste material.    ADVANTAGE - Fertilizer is manufactured from food waste material by a simple process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Distilled spirit residue processing, involves heating distilled spirit residue in rotating heating coiled type depressurizer-concentrator (1) at 30-90 degrees C under reduced pressure. The moisture content of the resulting spirit residue is set to 15-75%.    USE - The concentrated product obtained from processing of distilled spirit residue is used in fertilizers and livestock feeds.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently processes distilled spirit residue. The processing method enables effective usage of distilled spirit residue, thereby eliminating problems associated with spirit residue disposal. The processing method reduces moisture content of distilled spirit residue, hence the resulting product excels in preservability. The processed residue can be easily transported.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a concentrated product obtained from processing of distilled spirit residue.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of opening-closing switching type concentrator.    Concentrator (1)
NOVELTY - An electricity generation system (22) has a plasma-type gasification melting furnace (1) which gasifies a combustible material (23) containing carbon and hydrogen at preset temperature. Harmful substances are removed (26) from the obtained gas (25) to form a purified gas, which is supplied to an electrical power generator (30).    USE - For generating electricity by gas turbine and fuel cell using combustible material, such as refuse and coal.    ADVANTAGE - The combustible material is gasified easily at high temperatures without generating dioxin. A pure gas free of harmful substance is used for electricity generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of electricity generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Melting furnace (1)    Electricity generation system (22)    Combustible target component (23)    Gasification gas (25)    Gas purification device (26)    Purified gas (27)    Electrical power generating device (30)
NOVELTY - A waste treatment apparatus has a thermolysis unit (1) for thermolyzing waste material comprising organic substances and cooling thermolyzed gas. A thermolyzed gas treatment unit (2) separates and recovers condensed high molecular hydrocarbon components in the thermolyzed gas.    USE - For recovering valuable high molecular hydrocarbon components from waste material comprising organic substances.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus effectively recovers hydrocarbon components and reduces energy consumption and running cost. The size of the apparatus is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste treatment method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the waste treatment apparatus.    Thermolysis unit (1)    Thermolyzed gas treatment unit (2)
NOVELTY - Food residue (ejected from school dinning room) and a ferment microbe are introduced into a tank-type fermentation processing apparatus. Fermentation is performed for 1-2 days. Microbe elimination or moisture content removal of fermented product is performed in a high temperature sterilizer, after removing water.    USE - For decomposing general waste, industrial waste, and food residue ejected from dining-rooms of schools, factories and hospitals, for use as feed, such as livestock feed, and as fertilizer and soil improver.    ADVANTAGE - The method is efficiently utilized for fermenting food residue discharged from dining rooms of schools, industries and hospitals. The fermented product is efficiently utilized as feed for livestock, when compared conventionally.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Also claimed are fermentation apparatus and system.
NOVELTY - A carbonization furnace (1) carbonizes a waste wood to obtain primary charcoal. An activation reactor (2) converts the primary charcoal into activated carbon which is used as a fuel by a waste heat boiler (3) to generate steam. A turbo generator (4) is driven with the steam, to drive a generator for electricity generation.    USE - For incineration of construction waste such as waste wood and inflammable big and coarse refuse.    ADVANTAGE - There is no reduction of large amount of electricity generation and activated carbon can be recovered. Enables low cost treatment of wood type waste construction materials. The gas combustion boiler can be used as a steam boiler. Reduces the amount of exhaust gases by burning with comparatively low air ratio and simplifies exhaust gas processing facility. Performs material and energy recycling effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of the wooden waste incineration plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbonization furnace (1)    Activation reactor (2)    Waste heat boiler (3)    Turbo generator (4)
NOVELTY - The container comprises an insulated casing with three rows of cylindrical storage units (U) in line contact (8) with adjacent unit. Hydrogen path (9) and heating water path (10) are formed alternately between adjacent units. Each cylindrical unit contains hydrogen absorption/release element (12) with cooling water path (19) along axial centerline and hydrogen entrance (E) on one side facing hydrogen path (9).    USE - For storage of hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The container with a simple structure consisting of hydrogen path, cooling/heating liquid path formed among space enclosed by the walls of cylindrical storage units, increases storage of hydrogen per unit volume.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top sectional view of hydrogen storage container.    Line contact (8)    Hydrogen path (9)    Heating water path (10)    Hydrogen absorption/release element (12)    Cooling water path (19)    Hydrogen entrance (E)    Cylindrical storage units (U)
NOVELTY - An internal combustion engine system comprises a fuel reformer (6) to reform a fuel using reforming catalyst and water and to supply a reformed gas to the engine (1), units (11,19) to supply fuel and water to the reformer when stoppage of engine is detected, and a unit to store the reformed gas formed by the reformer after stoppage of engine.    USE - As internal combustion engine system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The internal combustion engine can be restarted easily. The temperature of the fuel reformer after engine stoppage is reduced. Increase in pressure within the reformed gas storage unit is prevented, and reliability of fuel supply system is improved. Partial oxidation which is an exothermic reaction, is prevented during stoppage of engine. The amount of storage of reformed gas is increased reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the internal combustion engine system with fuel reformer.    Engine (1)    Intake passage (2)    Fuel reformer (6)    Fuel valve (11)    Air pump (13)    Air valve (15)    Water valve (19)    Reservoir (20)    Gas valve (23)    Temperature sensor (32)    Pressure sensor (33)
NOVELTY - A heating gas or oxidizing agent flow path (4) is formed in a support material (3) of a laminate (10) composed of electrolyte layer (1) and electrode layers (2). A hydrophilic photocatalyst layer (5) is formed on the flow path (4).    USE - Fuel battery with heating gas or oxidizing agent flow path occlusion prevention structure.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids occlusion of flow path by water droplet and facilitates smooth flow of heating gas and oxidizing agent by forming hydrophilic photocatalyst layer, thereby improving operation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of principal portion of fuel battery.    Electrolyte layer (1)    Electrode layers (2)    Support material (3)    Flow path (4)    Hydrophilic photocatalyst layer (5)    Laminate (10)
NOVELTY - An organic fertilizer processing apparatus consists of a head conveyor (12) to supply organic fertilizer to the fermentation conveyors (21-24) arranged to transfer the compost continuously. The fermentation conveyors are adhered with the fermentation microbe and the fertilizer is fermented during transfer.    USE - For manufacturing organic fertilizer from livestock waste.    ADVANTAGE - Organic fertilizer is produced efficiently and continuously with in a short period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flat surface diagram of the summary of organic fertilizer processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic fertilizer yard (11)    Supply conveyor (12)    Fermentation conveyors (21-24)    Drying tank (32)    Fragmentation machine (33)    Sieving machine (34)
NOVELTY - The organic waste recycle system has a microbial bed production unit (12) to ferment organic waste. An organic refuse process unit (14) reduces the amount of organic waste. The waste is then recovered and matured. A compost production unit (15) produces compost from the waste, by further fermentation.    USE - To ferment and produce compost from trees, pruned branches, grass, fruits and food waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - Generation and spreading of bad odor is prevented and sanitary conditions are maintained during process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of organic waste recycle system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Microbial bed production unit (12)    Organic refuse process unit (14)    Compost production unit (15)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus has a treatment tank (2) mounted inside a casing (1) fitted with front cover (1b) and upper face cover (1f). A rotary shaft (3) fitted with stirring blades (3a) and connected to supports (2e), is fitted onto the inner walls of tank. Circular arc surfaces of support guides (1j) are fitted over the supports and input gear wheels (5a,5b) are connected to the rotary shaft.    USE - The organic refuse processing apparatus is used to compost kitchen organic refuse using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Withdrawing the treatment tank from inside the casing is achieved smoothly due to upper face cover and front cover at lower side fitted to the casing. The processed exhaust is removed easily by unsealing the casing. The support guides facilitate easy removal of tank. The organic refuse sticking to inner walls of treatment tank is peeled off by removing the treatment tank outside and cleaned properly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for implementation method of organic refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Casing (1)    Front cover (1b)    Upper face cover (1f)    Support guide (1j)    Treatment tank (2)    Supports (2e)    Rotary shaft (3)    Stirring blade (3a)    Input gear wheels (5a,5b)
NOVELTY - The on-board fuel reformer system has several diaphragm hydrogen separation systems.    USE - For fuel cells on vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell power production system is more compact than systems currently available, and has improved efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel reformer system includes two hydrogen cleaning units connected with each other. The first hydrogen cleaning unit (12) produces a first hydrogen flow with a first pressure. The second hydrogen cleaning unit (14) produces a second hydrogen flow with a second pressure. The first hydrogen flow is supplied to a metal hydride storage bed (16), in order to charge this. The hydrogen in this bed reacts in combination with the supply of a fuel cell to the second hydrogen flow. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for supplying a fuel cell with hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of the fuel reformer system for fuel cells.    Diaphragm separators (1,2)    Reformer system (10)    First and second hydrogen cleaning units (12,14)    Storage bed (16)    Fuel cell (18)    High pressure reformat (20)    Relief valve (38)    Pressure reducer (42)    Non-return valve (48)
NOVELTY - A composite microbial bacterial fertilizer comprising photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphoric bacteria, potassic bacteria, phosphateor apatite, feldpar, mica, culture medium for bacteria comprising flour or wheat bran and trace element, is new. The bacterial fertilizer can supplement beneficial microorganism in the soil, and at the same time can supplement nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
NOVELTY - A biological bacterial fertilizer formed from photosynthetic bacteria, inorganic salt and water according to a certain proportion, is new. It is a microbial bacterial fertilizer which can be produced at normal temperature of 15-40 degrees C, and can be stored for above 2 years without high-temperature sterilization. The bacterial fertilizer can be used to increase yield of crops, prolong ripening stage and improve soil quality.
NOVELTY - A foam blowing agent composition comprises 5-50 mole% chlorodifluoromethane and 95-50 mole% pentane. The pentane can be n-pentane, i-pentane and cyclopentane.    USE - For foam premix or polyurethane foam composition useful for refrigerators, freezers, and cold storage facilities.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive foam blowing agent overcomes the deficiencies of hydrochlorofluorocarbon-22 (HCFC-22) or pentanes alone in terms of properties of ozone depletion potential, global warming potential, cost and k-factor performance. It provides foams with good thermal insulating properties, and it has enhanced thermal insulating properties. It has improved solubility in raw materials e.g., polyester polyols, and has less volatile organic compound content than pure hydrocarbon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a foam premix composition comprising polyol and foam blowing agent; and    (B) a polyurethane foam composition comprising isocyanate, polyol, and foam blowing agent. The foam composition has A-side and B-side. The A-side contains isocyanate and optionally a portion of foam blowing agent composition. The B-side contains the polyol and a balance of foam blowing agent composition.
NOVELTY - Producing a fuel or chemical from a biomass hydrolyzate, comprising selective removal of fermentation inhibitors, such as lignin-derived compounds, is new.    USE - For producing fuels or chemicals from biomass hydrolyzate.    ADVANTAGE - The absorption step is highly selective, to provide an efficient method for the fractionation of the hydrolyzate, 90 % of the hydrolyzate's dissolved lignin-derived compounds being removed without a measurable decrease in the hydrolyzate's dissolved sugar concentration. The invention improves the product yield for making fuels and chemicals from an undiluted biomass substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Producing a fuel or chemical from a biomass hydrolyzate, comprising:    (a) providing a biomass hydrolyzate;    (b) adjusting pH of the hydrolyzate;    (c) contacting a metal oxide, having an affinity for guaiacyl or syringyl functional groups or both, and the hydrolyzate for a time sufficient to form an adsorption complex;    (d) removing the complex in which a dissolved sugar fraction is provided; and    (e) converting the sugar into a fuel or chemical using a microorganism.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fermentable medium comprising the undiluted sugar fraction.
NOVELTY - A combinational deodorizer and compost maturing place which supplies odor for the lower part of deodorizing place, purifies air there and exhausts so that it doesn't generate odor outside, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A combinational deodorizer and compost maturing place is characterized by production process of compost. The production process of compost comprises the steps of:    (1) crushing and mixing food dregs (20) and water adjuster at a combination drum (2);    (2) transferring the mixture to a fermentation place (3) and fermenting for about 20 days to produce immature compost (21);    (3) separating adulteration and tree piece at a separator (4) and sending tree piece to a hoffer (1);    (4) stirring immature compost in a mature place (11) with supplying water to lower salinity and maturing for about 21-40 days to pack in a set unit; and    (5) exhausting odor in the fermentation place into the upper mature place through a deodorization place (5).
NOVELTY - Urine along with other wastes from the barn are poured into upstream side tank (2) and subsequently guided to a downstream side tank (3) through a channel (11). The channel base has an aerobic upper layer formed by filters (13) with an anaerobic sub-layer formed below the filters.    USE - For treatment of urine or waste water from livestock barn such as dairy cow shed.    ADVANTAGE - The water sprinkling mechanism used in the equipment ensures sufficient oxidation leading effective purification. The aerobic and anaerobic layers improve the treatment facility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Urine along with other wastes from the barn are poured into upstream side tank (2) and subsequently guided to a downstream side tank (3) through a channel (11). The channel base has an aerobic upper layer formed by filters (13) with an anaerobic sub-layer formed below the filters. At the downstream side tank, the waste water is made to flow on a stepped structure along with a water sprinkling mechanism (5) provided inside the tank.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste water treatment equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of waste water treatment equipment.    Upstream side tank (2)    Downstream side tank (3)    Water sprinkling mechanism (5)    Channel (11)    Filters (13)
NOVELTY - A tank (1) is filled with granular filter medium. An aeration device (3) is provided between filter medium (2a) of denitrification layer (6) and filter medium (2b) of nitrification layer (7). The filter medium of denitrification layer has large grain size and higher specific gravity than that of filter medium of nitrification layer.    USE - Waste water purifier.    ADVANTAGE - Since the filter medium of denitrification layer has large grain size and specific gravity, frequency of the backwashing is reduced, and hence reduction of the biological activity of denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of waste water purifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Tank (1)    Filter mediums (2a,2b)    Aeration device (3)    Denitrification layer (6)    Nitrification layer (7)
NOVELTY - Carriers (12) are provided in the waste water treatment tank (2) to adhere the microorganism or self granulation sludge. The diffusion tubes (4) are arranged at the bottom of the treatment tank. Flow rate detectors (24a-24c) are arranged on the side wall surface (2a) of the treatment tank to detect the flow rate. The screen is installed in the largest flow rate direction of waste water.    USE - Used in waste water treatment apparatus (claimed) which is used for treating sewage or industrial drain.    ADVANTAGE - As the screen is installed at the largest flow rate direction where climbing speed of carriers is large, cleaning effect with respect to screen is improved. Prevents clogging of microorganisms or self granulation in screen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste water treatment apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of waste water treatment apparatus.    Waste water treatment tank (2)    Side wall surface (2a)    Diffusion tubes (4)    Carriers (12)    Flow rate detectors (24a-24c)
NOVELTY - Air which is supplied to the decomposing tank (11), is dehumidified by guiding through an evaporator (51) cooled by a heat pump (50). Subsequently, the dehumidified air is heated by using heating portion (58) of the same heat pump which is used for cooling.    USE - For processing organic waste by using micro-organism.    ADVANTAGE - An efficient dehumidification operation is achieved by effectively utilizing the heat pump.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of the organic waste processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Tank (11)    Heat pump (50)    Evaporator (51)    Heating portion (58)
NOVELTY - Obtaining processed soil in which microorganism which is capable of purifying soil is activated, and the processed soil is mixed with a contaminated soil, for purification, is new.    USE - For purification of soil by removing pollutants.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism effectively purifies soil and the method is highly economical. Environmental pollution is prevented effectively.
NOVELTY - A combustor (5) burns the off-gas discharged from the anode of fuel cell and a condenser condenses the water content in the off-gas. Reservoirs (36,44) accumulate the condensed content.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen for use in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Unstable combustion and pulsation and accidental fire due to combustion by the condensed water content are prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    Combustor (5)    Reservoirs (36,44)
NOVELTY - A portion of waste material is burnt in a gasifier (1) and the remainder of the waste material is dry distilled in a combustion furnace (3) using combustible gas generated in the gasifier. Air for injecting into the gasifier is heated in a heat exchanger (36) installed in the combustion furnace using the heat of the exhaust gas of the combustion furnace.    USE - For incinerating waste material.    ADVANTAGE - Treats incineration residue of the gasifier completely due to preheating of oxygen supplied to the gasifier by providing a heat exchanger in the combustion furnace.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a functional block diagram of the incineration processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gasifier (1)    Combustion furnace (3)    Heat exchanger (36)
NOVELTY - The integral utilisation of industrial refuse comprises biogas, humus, electricity and e.g. paper production without waste formation. The production processes of independent mini-factories, including producers also of plastics, concrete castings, aluminium and special steels are integrated, with application of materials separated from the processes.    USE - In industry in general.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell arrangement comprises catalytic reactor units (3, 10, 12, 13) for converting a fuel which is used to operate the cell. A heating fuel different from the fuel is used to heat the reactor units. A catalyst for converting the heating fuel to heat the units is also provided.    USE - Used as a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cold start behavior of the arrangement is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a reformer for converting a fuel; and    (b) a process for treating fuel with the reformer.    Preferred Features: The catalytic material of the reformer is the same material as the catalytic material of the catalyst for converting the heating fuel. The reactor units contain the catalyst for converting the heating fuel. The reformed fuel corresponds to the heating fuel. At least one storage unit (20) is provided for storing the reformed fuel. A valve or dosing unit is arranged between the reactor unit and the storage unit. A pressure producing unit (21) is arranged between the reactor unit and the storage unit. A control unit regulates the conversion of the heating fuel. The catalytic units comprise a reformer (10), an oxidation unit (13), a shift unit (12) and a catalytic burner (3).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell arrangement.    Catalytic burner (3)    Reformer (10)    Shift unit (12)    Oxidation unit (13)    Storage unit (20)    Pressure producing unit (21)
NOVELTY - An aqueous foaming composition comprises foam promoting non-ionic or amphoteric surfactant(s), foam controlling amphoteric surfactant(s), and propellant(s).    USE - The composition is used for temporarily marking and delimiting regulation distances on a court or sports field, particularly in soccer fields (claimed). It can also be used in writing messages and homages on walls, grasses, woods, cars, pavements, and asphalts.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive composition includes foam promoter/controller combination, which provides effective volatile foam that remains active and stable for 40 seconds to 3 minutes. It is biodegradable, non-toxic, non-inflammable, residue-free, and does not damage skin, grasses, or other floors.
NOVELTY - A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack has multiple solid fuel oxide cells (11) juxtaposed to one another. Interconnects (12) provide electrical connection between the cells. The fuel and oxidant channels are integrally formed in opposing surfaces of the interconnects.    USE - For generating direct current.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the overall thickness of the stack by using interconnects designed with integrally provided fuel and oxidant channels, and thereby simplifies the design. Allows flexibility in fuel and oxidant flow by enabling multiple flow directions such as co-flow, cross-flow, counterflow and radial flow while the fuel and oxidant remain physically separated from each other. Reduces the steps involved in the manufacture of interconnects. Increases the overall voltage obtained by combined usage of several fuel cell stacks. Allows external and internal manifolding of the stack, thereby achieving flexibility in manifolding.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of multiple solid oxide fuel cell stacks, electrically connected with one another.    Solid fuel oxide cells (11)    Interconnects (12)
NOVELTY - A device comprising a decomposition tank (2) heated by electric heater (5), air supply fan (3) and ventilation fan (4). The organic refuse charged with micro-organism carriers is gelatinized and fed into the decomposition tank (2) by a gelatinization device (11) provided near the upper end of the tank (2).    USE - The device is used for organic refuse decomposition.    ADVANTAGE - The device improves decomposition efficiency by enabling quick decomposition of great volumes of refuse as refuse charged with microorganism carrier, is gelatinized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) gelatinization apparatus; and    (b) micro-organism carrier manufacturing method for organic refuse decomposition apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of organic refuse decomposition device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Decomposition tank (2)    Air supply fan (3)    Ventilation fan (4)    Heater (5)    Gelatinization device (11)
NOVELTY - A fermentation apparatus comprising a fermentation box and wire mesh to support organic refuse within the box, where the mesh is made of thermally non-conductive polymeric material such as polyvinylidine chloride, is new.    USE - For composting organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents dew formation and promotes quick fermentation, as refuse support mesh is made of thermally non-conductive material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of fermentation apparatus.    Fermentation box (2)    Refuse support mesh (3)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse decomposition apparatus comprising a fermentation tank which ferments organic refuse by microbes, where the organic refuse is conveyed to the fermentation tank by a screw conveyor from a refuse infeed hopper, where drain holes are provided with the conveyor to drain moisture content in the refuse, is new.    USE - For decomposition of organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Improves fermentation condition, as moisture in refuse is removed in conveyance route by drain holes in the screw conveyor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view sectional drawing of entire organic refuse decomposition treatment apparatus.    Fermentation tank (10)    Refuse infeed hopper (30)    Screw conveyor (40)    Drain holes (44)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprising directional control valves to change the operation of the pumps to circulate the ground process liquid within a decomposition tank or between the decomposition tanks, is new.    USE - For processing organic refuse ejected from home, restaurant, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The failure caused by the blocking of pump used for circulating the liquid to be processed within or between the decomposition tanks is prevented, and the organic refuse processing apparatus which can decompose an organic refuse without maintenance, is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Decomposition tanks (7-9)    Pumps (11-13)    Directional control valves (14-16)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus comprising a ventilation fan to supply air into a process tank and radiator to heat the supplied air, where the exhaust gas from the exhaust port is guided around air supply pipe for heat exchange between supplied air and exhaust gas, is new.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse e.g. domestic and commercial kitchen refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents warming up of surroundings of apparatus and helps heating ventilation fan air supplied into process tank, as exhaust gas heat exchanges with ventilation air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a transverse plane sectional view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Air supply pipe (40)    Radiator (41)    Ventilation fan (42)    Exhaust port (61)
NOVELTY - An organic waste disposal system comprising aerobic treatment section which treats supernatant water separated in the separation section and treated water from aerobic solubilized section, where the separation section separates suspended solid and supernatant water from waste water treated in the aerobic treatment portion and the strip shaped filter medium is hanged in the aerobic treatment section, is new.    USE - Disposal system of organic waste e.g. garbage from flats, hospital, etc.    ADVANTAGE - As the water disposal system is a small recycle system an excessive capital investment and energy investment is not needed. The contacting efficiency of the filter medium with waste water is improved. Energy conservation and process efficiency are improved. Generation of surplus sludge is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic waste treatment flow in the system.    Separation sections (5,8)    Aerobic solubilized section (6)
NOVELTY - Mounting a filter cloth housing to the filtration housing through a rail supported in the filtration housing such that the filtration cloth unit is connected to the filtration housing, is new.    USE - In activated sludge filtration equipment which is used for removing activated sludge from waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Enables exchange of filter cloth made of non-woven fabric by sliding the frame without dismantling the filtration unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a filtration object of the filter cloth unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of filtration unit of activated sludge filtration equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Filtration housing (12)    Filter cloth housing (14)    Rail (15)
NOVELTY - Fermentation processing apparatus comprising a raw material injection tank, a moisture content equalizing tank, a divided fermenter and a wood piece separation tank which has vibration strainer machine arranged sequentially, where the separated wood pieces are taken out by a wood piece circulation transfer unit, is new.    USE - For fermentation of organic sludge e.g. sewage sludge and livestock waste to produce compost for farmland and agricultural colony.    ADVANTAGE - Since a wood piece separation tank with a vibration strainer machine is arranged, wood pieces can be separated out after fermentation, thereby cheap organic waste fermentation process is attained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic waste fermentation processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Raw material injection tank (1)    Moisture content equalizing tank (2)    Fermenter (6)    Vibration strainer machine (10)
NOVELTY - Organic waste treatment system, comprising processing units (B1-B6) comprising treatment tanks connected by interconnecting passageway (20), a transfer unit (21) which performs forced transfer of processed object and saw dust in predetermined direction within interconnecting passageway, is new.    USE - For decomposition treatment of organic waste ejected from livestock huts, such as dairy cow shed. The processed material after treatment is used as fertilizer or soil improvement material.    ADVANTAGE - Saw dust and processed object can be efficiently transferred to processing apparatus. Decomposition capability is improved by increasing the number of processing units. Increased quantity of processed objects can be treated efficiently since processed object is quickly transferred to other treatment tanks by the transfer unit. Reduction of decomposition capability by excess of water content is prevented. The processed object after treatment can be used efficiently as quality fertilizer or soil improvement material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top elevation view of treatment system of organic waste.    Interconnecting passageway (20)    Transfer unit (21)    Processing units (B1-B6)
NOVELTY - The bed material circulation apparatus conveys a bed material (5) up from the bottom of a fluidized bed-type gasifier (1), using a blower (7). Separation of bed material occurs in the upper part of the furnace. Bed material is recirculated through a sealing device (3). Chute (13) is passed through the bed material which is recirculated to the feed zone, along with refuse (2).    USE - For waste material gasification.    ADVANTAGE - Combustion of combustible gas in the interior of gasification furnace is prevented. Ejection of toxic gas from the interior of gasification furnace is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the bed material circulation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fluidized bed-type gasifier (1)    Refuse (2)    Sealing device (3)    Bed material (5)    Blower (7)    Chute (13)
NOVELTY - A microorganism support comprising a porous resin and a covering material which covers a portion of porous resin surface, is new.    USE - As a microorganism support for septic tank (claimed) of organic waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism support fixed to the septic tank, is hard to deform, therefore large quantities of microorganism is made to adhere. Waste water can be treated stably for a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of a microorganism support comprising forming cylindrical porous resin and covering outer side curved surface of the resin. The circumference of the resin is adhered to the covering material and extrusion-foaming of resin material containing thermoplastic resin, foaming agent and foam regulator, is carried out using an extruder. The cylindrical resin obtained is cut into predetermined length.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline of manufacture of microorganism support.    Microorganism support (1)    Porous resin (2)    Covering material (3)
NOVELTY - An integrated reactor comprises a waste gas oxidizer assembly (14) comprising a chamber (62), an inlet, an outlet (80) and a flow path for exothermic gases produced in the chamber; and an autothermal reactor assembly (12) comprising process gas inlet and outlet (36, 42) and a catalyst bed between the inlet and the outlet. Part of process gas inlet is located in waste gas oxidizer flow path.    USE - The integrated reactor is used to produce fuel gas for a fuel cell, which is an alternative way of producing electricity for use in commercial and industrial establishments, electric vehicles, and homes.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement of the integrated reactor allows for operation of the ATR assembly using lower amounts of oxidant or air compared with the state-of-the-art system, thus achieving higher efficiencies because less fuel is directly processed with oxygen and more fuel is directly processed with steam. The arrangement facilitates heat transfer within the reactor, thus high quality heat generated in the combustor of WGO assembly can be used to preheat the process gas entering the ATR.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) a method of controlling the integrated reactor; and    (B) a method of providing thermal energy to the process gases in an autothermal reactor assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of the integrated reactor.    ATR assembly (12)    WGO assembly (14)    Partial oxidation catalyst (30)    Steam methane reformer catalysts (32, 34)    Process gas inlet and outlet (36, 42)    WGO annular space (56)    WGO chamber (62)    Ignition mechanism (68)    WGO outlet (80)
NOVELTY - Fuel for a fuel cell system comprises at least 5 vol.% hydrocarbon oil as fuel total amount, 0.5-20 vol.% oxygen-containing compound based on fuel total amount, at most 15 vol.% 4C hydrocarbon compound, at least 5 vol.% 5C hydrocarbon compound, at least 10 vol.% 6C hydrocarbon compound, at least 20 vol.% 7C and 8C hydrocarbon compound and at most 20 vol.% at least 10C hydrocarbon compound.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of fuel cell system (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Fuel (1)    Water (2)    Fuel preheater (3)    Steam generator (4)    Vaporized fuel (5)    Steam (6)    Reformer (7)    Reformed gas (8)    Carbon monoxide treating device (9)    Solid polymer fuel cell (10)    Air (11)    Electric energy (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel for a fuel cell system contains at most 15 wt.% 4C hydrocarbon compounds, at least 5 vol.% 5C hydrocarbon compounds and at least 10 vol.% 6C hydrocarbon compounds.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of the fuel cell system (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Fuel (1)    Water (2)    Fuel pre-heater (3)    Steam generator (4)    Vaporized fuel (5)    Steam (6)    Reformer (7)    Reformed gas (8)    Carbon monoxide treating device (9)    Solid polymer fuel cell (10)    Air (11)    Electric energy (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel for a fuel cell system contains at least 20 vol.% of 7C + 8C hydrocarbon compounds and at most 20 vol.% at least 10C hydrocarbon compounds.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of the fuel cell system (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Fuel pre-heater (3)    Steam generator (4)    Reformer (7)    Carbon monoxide treating device (9)    Solid polymer fuel cell (10)
NOVELTY - A fuel for a fuel cell system contains at least 5 vol.% hydrocarbon oil based on fuel total weight, 0.5-40 mass% oxygen-containing compounds relative to the total amount of fuel, at least 20 vol.% 7C + 8C hydrocarbon compounds based on total amount of hydrocarbon oil and at most 20 vol.% at least 10C hydrocarbon compounds based on hydrocarbon oil total amount.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of the fuel cell system (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Fuel (a)    Water (b)    Fuel pre-heater (c)    Steam generator (d)    Vaporized fuel (e)    Steam (f)    Reformer (g)    Reformed gas (h)    Carbon monoxide treating device (i)    Solid polymer fuel cell (j)    Air (k)    Electric energy (l)
NOVELTY - A fuel for a fuel cell system contains 0.5-40 mass% oxygen-containing compounds relative to the total amount of fuel.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of the fuel cell system (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Fuel (1)    Water (2)    Fuel pre-heater (3)    Steam generator (4)    Vaporized fuel (5)    Steam (6)    Reformer (7)    Reformed gas (8)    Carbon monoxide treating device (9)    Solid polymer fuel cell (10)    Air (11)    Electric energy (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel for a fuel cell system comprises hydrocarbon compounds which have an initial temperature of distillation of 24-50 degrees C, a 10 vol.% distillation temperature of 35-70 degrees C, a 90 ol.% distillation temperature of 100-180 degrees C and a final distillation temperature of 130-210 degrees C.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of the fuel cell system (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Fuel (1)    Water (2)    Fuel Preheater (3)    Steam Generator (4)    Vaporized Fuel (5)    Steam (6)    Reformer (7)    Reformed Gas (8)    Carbon Monoxide Treating Device (9)    Solid Polymer Fuel Cell (10)    Air (11)    Electric Energy (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel for a fuel cell system comprises hydrocarbon compounds which have an initial temperature of distillation of 24-40 degrees C, a 10 vol.% distillation temperature of 25-50 degrees C, a 90 vol.% distillation temperature of 45-130 degrees C and a final distillation temperature of 55-150 degrees C.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of the fuel cell system (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Fuel (1)    Water (2)    Fuel pre-heater (3)    Steam generator (4)    Vaporized fuel (5)    Steam (6)    Reformer (7)    Reformed gas (8)    Carbon monoxide treating device (9)    Solid polymer fuel cell (10)    Air (11)    Electric energy (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel for a fuel cell system comprises hydrocarbon compounds which have an initial temperature of distillation of 40-100 degrees C, a 10 vol.% distillation temperature of 50-120 degrees C, a 90 vol.% distillation temperature of 110-180 degrees C and a final distillation temperature of 130-210 degrees C.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of a fuel cell system (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Fuel (1)    Water (2)    Fuel pre-heater (3)    Steam generator (4)    Vaporized fuel (5)    Steam (6)    Reformer (7)    Reformed gas (8)    Carbon monoxide treating device (9)    Solid polymer fuel cell (10)    Air (11)    Electric energy (12)
NOVELTY - Fuel for a fuel cell system comprises at most 15 vol.% 4C hydrocarbon compound, at least 5 vol.% 5C hydrocarbon compound, at least 10 vol.% 6C hydrocarbon compound, at least 20 vol.% 7C and 8C hydrocarbon compound and at most 20 vol.% at least 10C hydrocarbon compound.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of the fuel cell system (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Fuel (1)    Water (2)    Fuel pre-heater (3)    Steam generator (4)    Vaporized fuel (5)    Steam (6)    Reformer (7)    Reformed gas (8)    Carbon monoxide treating device (9)    Solid polymer fuel cell (10)    Air (11)    Electric energy (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel for a fuel cell system comprises a hydrocarbon compound having at least 30 vol.% saturated components, at most 35 vol.% olefin components and at most 50 vol.% aromatic components.    USE - The fuel cell system is used in electrical vehicles, hybrid vehicles using engines and fuel cells, portable power sources, dispersion-type power sources and domestic power sources co-generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhibits an increased output generated per its weight and per amount of CO2 formed, improved fuel consumption, decreased evaporative emission, good handling properties such as good storage stability, and suitable flash point, and reduced calories required for preheating. The fuel allows the system to keep its initial performance for a long period of time, since deterioration of system is reduced.
NOVELTY - Several reactant channels (204) through which fuel is supplied to proton exchange membrane (PEM) type fuel cell in serpentine pattern, are provided with lands (314) on anode face (202). The humidification channels (206) are formed on specified portion of lands.    USE - For solid polymer ion exchange membrane-type fuel cell (claimed) such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The coolant distribution channels increases the evenness of hydrogen-water distribution within the PEM effective area, by physically supplying water over the entire PEM active area. More uniform temperature distribution is attained in the stack, by the uniform cooling of the fluid flow field. The fuel assembly cooling load is reduced, by providing the hydration water which provides evaporative cooling. The volume of the liquid water causing flooding in channels is reduced, hence the stack performance is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Fluid flow element;    (b) Solid polymer fuel cell    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of single PEM-type fuel cell of the fuel cell assembly.    Anode face (202)    Reactant channels (204)    Humidification channels (206)    Lands (314)
NOVELTY - A grain spawn generator is provided, thereby the grain spawn can be easily and cheaply incubated in large quantity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The grain spawn generator consists of: an incubator that comprises a water containing vessel and a silicone stopper connected with an air inlet pipe(119), an air outlet pipe(118) and inoculating pipe(111) having filters(114), in the upper part of the main body(112), wherein air is supplied into and discharged from the incubator through the air inlet pipe(119) and the air outlet pipe(118), and the grain spawn is inoculated through the inoculating pipe(111); and moisture and oxygen supplier(120) which supplies moisture produced by distilled water producing apparatus(130) according to operation of electric temperature controller(128), and air provided by air compressor(134), to the incubator.
NOVELTY - Provided is an apparatus for removing offensive odor generated from a fermentation process of food wastes and discharging it to the air, which can be mass-produced easily at low cost and maintain a kitchen clean.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises a body(2) storing water(1), an inflow tube(3) letting offensive odor generated from fermented food wastes in to the top part of the surface of the water, an odor removing nozzle(6) connected to a line end part pumping the water into the body for removing odors by spraying the water in the body and mixing with the odors come into the body to be soaked in the water and an ammonia gas removing device formed in the upper part of the body for removing ammonia smells passing through the spray water. The ammonia gas removing device is composed of a perforated plate(8) formed at the upper part of the nozzle, a zeolite layer(9) set on the perforated plate for removing odors passing through the plate, and an activated carbon layer(10) on the zeolite layer for absorbing the ammonia ingredients of odor passing through the zeolite layer. An ozone discharge device formed at the lower part of the nozzle for mixing ozone with the odor in the body for removing the odor is also included in the apparatus.
NOVELTY - Provided is a mixed feed containing a large amount of high quality lactic acid bacteria by high temperature anaerobic fermentation, which promotes digestion and growth of livestock and prevents environmental pollution due to organic discharge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The feed is manufactured by the steps of: (i) mixing raw materials of feed to keep the balance of nutrition; (ii) raising the density of the material to 2.5-5times of the original density and adjusting the water content to 25-40%; (iii) airtight packing the adjusted material in a light interrupted vinyl bag; and (iv) leaving the vinyl bag at room temperature for 12hrs-7days to ferment high temperature anaerobic lactic acid bacteria at 40-70deg.C. The airtight packed feed is supplied to a consumer to be fed in the wet state.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing bio-gas, comprising crushing and fermenting various wastes of organic waste and excretions, is new.    USE - This bio-gas can be used as household heating energy or electricity, and the fermented residue can be used as composite that is sterilized and rich in nutrient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the following:    (i) a first collecting tank (1) for collecting excrement and for storing;    (ii) a second collecting tank (3) for crushing solid organic matters such as food waste to a definite particles and for storing;    (iii) a low temperature sterilizing tank (4) which is connected to the second collecting tank (3) and in which a heater is installed for agitating and sterilizing solid of the primarily crushed;    (iv) a first and a second fermentation tanks (5,6) in which heater and agitator are installed for agitating excrement and crushed solid and heating to a fixed temperature to ferment serially;    (v) a residue storage tank (7) for storing the fermented residue; and    (vi) a gas storage tank (8) of synthesized resin material for collecting bio-gas.
NOVELTY - Moisture content regulation material (C) is stirred with the organic waste (A) and the microorganism carrier (B) in stirring mechanism (4) to absorb the moisture content produced during biodegradation. Hot air (D) is supplied for drying the stirring mechanism, to proliferate microorganism carrier. Water vapor (E) is ejected from the stir mechanism.    USE - For treatment of organic waste, e.g., paper diapers.    ADVANTAGE - Accelerates organic waste treatment processed by proliferating microorganism carrier, by supply of hot air to the stir mechanism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Organic waste treatment device;    (b) Organic waste collection vehicle;    (c) Organic waste collection method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective cross sectional view of organic waste treatment device which uses the organic waste treatment method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Stirring mechanism(A) Organic waste (4)    Microorganism carrier (B)    Moisture content regulation material (C)    Hot air (D)    Water vapor (E)
NOVELTY - Stirring blades (8) are installed in the stir shaft (9) which is supported horizontally between walls of treatment tank (1). A guide (82) to extract the processed material is attached at the bottom of a discharge port (80) in the front wall of cladding case (2). A reinforcement frame (85) is formed on the guide to reinforce the front wall side opening edge of the discharge.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Uses guide for extraction, effectively by providing a frame to reinforce the opening edge of the discharge port. Heating efficiency of the treatment tank is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the right hand side partial sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Cladding case (2)    Stirring blade (8)    Air shaft (9)    Discharge port (80)    Guide (82)    Reinforcement frame (85)
NOVELTY - A recycle system for kitchen waste obtains compost from organic refuse discharged from a kitchen (3) in a composting plant (9). Decomposition of the organic refuse is performed in the composting plant and a steam processing unit carries out steam sterilization and drying of the waste. A fermenting unit (71) performs aerobic fermentation of the refuse.    USE - For recycling organic waste generated from kitchen in houses, hotels or hospitals, as compost, in a limited area.    ADVANTAGE - Sludge separated from waste water treating plant can be recycled along with the organic waste from kitchen for conversion to compost. The heat stored in the accumulator of a co-generation plant of a waste heat boiler can be used as heat source for the sterilizing and fermenting units, and thereby a separate heat source is not required, and cost can be minimized. The waste water generated from the system can be recycled to the waste water treatment plant. A separate water treatment installation is not required. The compost can be used for plant cultivation and the plant waste can be used for generating compost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the recycle method of kitchen waste. The organic refuse from kitchen is sterilized and subjected to aerobic fermentation to form compost. The compost can be used for plant cultivation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing for recycling system for kitchen wastes. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Area covering the recycling system (1)    Kitchen (3)    Co-generation plant (5)    Water treatment plant (7)    Composting plant (9)    Steam accumulator (11)    Hopper (45)    Crusher (55)    Stirrer (59)    Steam drying unit (65)    Fermenter (71)
NOVELTY - A water vapor generation unit of heating gas generator generates water vapor using sensible heat of gas formed during chemical reaction, sensible heat and combustion heat of exhaust gas of a fuel cell, waste heat of the fuel cell and combustion heat of hydrogen separated non-permeable gas.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Water vapor is generated efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic structure of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The device has a thermochemical conversion reactor (22) in the form of a turbulence layer reactor for converting the carbon containing material into a combustion gas suitable for a fuel cell, at least one high temperature fuel cell (2) for generating electrical current and waste heat and at least one heat conducting pipe (36) for transferring the waste heat to the conversion reactor.    USE - For energetic use of materials containing carbon, especially in high temperature fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Has lower requirements on gas quality and has better thermal integration characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an example device for energetic use of materials containing carbon    thermochemical conversion reactor (22)    high temperature fuel cell (2)    heat conducting pipe (236)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a fuel cell unit and an air supply for supplying the cathode side of the fuel cell unit, using a compressor with a variable internal compression ratio, which is varied continuously in dependence on the operating parameters of the fuel cell unit.    USE - The fuel cell system can be used for powering an electrically-driven automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The variable compression ratio allows the energy requirement for cold-starting of the fuel cell system to be reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for an operating method for a fuel cell system is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a pressure-volume diagram for a compressor compression ratio in a fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - The current generation device has a fuel cell unit (1,1a,1b) with one or more solid oxide fuel cells, a reformer unit (6,6a,6b) and an afterburner (14), with the fuel cells and the reformer units connected in alternation and the last fuel cell unit coupled to the afterburner .The reformer units may be fully or partially integrated in the fuel cells.    USE - The fuel cell current generation device is used for providing electrical power in an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The insertion of the reformer units between the serial fuel cells reduces the emission of carbon monoxide by using it as a component of the fuel gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a solid oxide fuel cell current generation device.    Fuel cell units (1,1a,1b)    Reformer units (6,6a,6b)    Afterburner (14)
NOVELTY - Composite membrane comprises a support layer (2) made from a first material and a permeation layer (1) made from a second material arranged on the support layer. The second material is selectively permeable for a predetermined substance. The support layer has a mechanical support structure with through-holes (4) through which the predetermined substance can move orthogonally and optionally also laterally to the plane of the permeation layer through the support layer. The support layer exposes surfaces of the permeation layer which are connected to the through-holes.    USE - Used for selectively diffusing materials, especially for purifying hydrogen for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The membrane has high selectivity and high strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a diffusion membrane system comprising at least two of the above composite membranes connected to each other in a stack; and    (b) a process for producing the composite membrane comprising applying a permeation layer to a support layer; and molding a support structure in the support layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the composite membrane.    permeation layer (1)    support layer (2)    through-holes (4)
NOVELTY - The system has a device for switching the system between first and second modes. In the first a fuel cell(s) is isolated from a hydrogen generating unit. In the second the fuel cell(s) are connected to the hydrogen generating unit so that reformed material only passes to the fuel cell(s) in the second mode.    USE - For use in mobile and static applications for generating current supplies.    ADVANTAGE - Can be operated in simple manner to achieve the required cold starting characteristics for a vehicle powered by fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system has a hydrogen generating unit (1) and at least one fuel cell (2), an arrangement for heating up a catalyser element (3) to a pre-set operating temperature, an arrangement for adding liquid fuel and air to the catalyser element to form a synthesized gas mixture containing hydrogen and an arrangement for feeding it to the other components (4-9), especially for forming a reformed substance containing a greater proportion of hydrogen. There is a device (10) for switching the system between first and second modes. In the first the fuel cell(s) is isolated from the hydrogen generating unit. In the second they are connected so that the reformed material only passes to the fuel cell(s) in the second mode. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a method of operating a multi-fuel fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a multi-fuel fuel cell system    hydrogen generating unit (1)    fuel cell (2)    catalyser element (3)    other components (4-9)    mode switching device (10)
NOVELTY - Production process of amino acid chelate fertilizer is characterized by that the chelate fertilizer is prepared by using the sludge from production of brewing beer as raw material, and the combination of yeast autolysis with compound enzyme hydrolysis to prepare amino acid liquor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production process of amino acid chelate fertilizer is characterized by that the chelate fertilizer is prepared by using the sludge from production of brewing beer as raw material, and the combination of yeast autolysis with compound enzyme hydrolysis to prepare amino acid liquor, then chelating the amino acid liquor with trace elements, and its process flow is as follows: enzyme mother sludge, press filtering, autolysis, hydrolysis by adding enzyme, filtering, batching, chelating, cooling, filtering, compounding and packaging finished product. It contains 18 amino acids and several trace elements necessary for growth of plant, can be used as high-efficiency foliage fertilizer, and can raise the yield of crops.
NOVELTY - An aqueous or hydro-alcoholic, aerosol or non-aerosol hair spray composition includes a hydrocarbon based surfactant (0.01-5 wt.%) and an organic and/or inorganic salt (0.01-10 wt.%).    USE - For treating and styling hair.    ADVANTAGE - The composition has enhanced styling benefits and lower volatile organic compounds (VOC) but still has comparable spraying and holding properties to conventional compositions. It also maintains and improves the performance characteristics of the VOC system and product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An aqueous or hydro-alcoholic, aerosol or non-aerosol hair spray composition comprises (wt.%) a water-soluble or -dispersible fixative polymer (1-40), a neutralizing agent (0.1-10), a hydrocarbon based surfactant (0.01-5), an organic and/or inorganic salt (0.01-10), an alcohol (0-90), a volatile ester (0-90), a volatile ketone (0-90), water (10-98), and optionally a liquefied propellant gas (5-60) when the composition is an aerosol.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of treating hair comprising contacting the hair with the composition.
NOVELTY - The cell includes planar interconnects (11,12) for allowing the gas flow and a ceramic cell (13). Gas inlets (18,20) are connected to respective planar interconnects (11,12) and gas outlets (19,21) are in communication with the inlets (18,20).    USE - Solid oxide fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves stacking and manifolding and allows easy connection/disconnection of gases to the stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of solid oxide fuel cell.    Planar interconnects(13) Ceramic cell (11,12)    Gas inlets (18,20)    Gas outlets (19,21)
NOVELTY - Fertilizer is composed, weight parts: peat 50-150, 2-3 years old cattle manure 25-400, dry poultry dung 300-500, hydrolysis lignin 50- 100, maternal ground layer 59-100, 4-25% aqueous ammonia solution 1-10, mineral additives 1-100, stimulant 0.5-5.0, and binding agent 0.1-0.5.    USE - Fertilizers.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified production process and improved balance of components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fertilizer is prepared by crushing organic components, mixing them with mineral additives, granulation, drying at 35-60 C, and separating granules into fractions. Before mixing, maternal ground layer is added to organic components and crushing is carried out until particles 80-129 mcm in size are obtained. Thereafter, mixture is disinfected, fermented at 60-89 C in presence of 4-25% ammonia solution at continuous stirring during 2 to 4 h, and fractionated to give mass with particle size up to 5 mm. After adding stimulant and binder, mass is forced through screw extrusion machine provided with knife.
NOVELTY - The fuel reformer is equipped with fuel feed zone (2) which atomizes and supplies fuel, evaporation part (3) and reforming part (4). Both evaporation part and reforming part compose metal honey-comb (5) integrally. The surface of a part of metal honey-comb in reforming part, is coated with modified catalyst (C).    USE - For reforming fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The evaporation part and reforming part are instantly heated by direct electrification of metal honey-comb, therefore the reformed gas can be supplied from the time of start-up. The reformation property is improved by equalizing the local temperature distribution in the reformer part.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel feed zone (2)    Evaporation part (3)    Reforming part (4)    Metal honey-comb (5)    Fuel injection nozzle (8)    Pinhole (11)
NOVELTY - A methanol modification catalyst comprises amphoteric oxide or complex oxide of amphoteric oxide carried on a support and an active palladium component    USE - Used for methanol modification (claimed), and obtained gas is used in solid polymer fuel cells (SPFC) for replacement of an internal combustion engines in an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst having high heat resistance, performs methanol water vapor modification reaction and methanol oxidation reaction at high temperature (300 degrees C or more), simultaneously. The hydrogen gas formed comprises very low amount of carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methanol modification which involves contacting catalyst with raw material gas containing methanol and water, and heating. Hydrogen is formed from the raw material gas.
NOVELTY - The hybrid type carbide material is obtained by dispersing the mixture of inorganic caking material and flammable material (starting material) in water, and casting the obtained mixture into predetermined shape followed by baking. The flammable material comprises wooden fiber which is obtained by crushing the wooden material.    USE - For use as composting promoter, water purification material, absorbent, hydroscopic agent, heat absorber, far infrared radiation generation material and soil improvement material.    ADVANTAGE - The hybrid type carbide material is light weight, and has excellent functional property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of hybrid type carbide material which involves crushing the wooden material between a pair of rotators in a crushing apparatus.
NOVELTY - Conveyors (9,10) are arranged between dryer (3) and molding device (4) to convey the dehydrated waste material. The moisture detector (12) detects moisture content in waste material. The controller (14) reverses the conveyer (10) and returns the waste material to dryer or crusher (2), when moisture content is detected to be more than predetermined value.    USE - For conveying inflammable waste material for solidification device.    ADVANTAGE - Performs solidification of waste material reliably and prevents its decay, as the waste material is returned to dryer or crusher if its moisture content is more than a predetermined value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of solidification processing device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Crusher (2)    Dryer (3)    Molding device (4)    Conveyors (9,10)    Moisture detector (12)    Controller (14)
NOVELTY - Reformer, comprises burner; main body (304); combustion tube (CT) for introducing combustion gas into (304); route (305), field fuel route having catalytic layer (CL) and route (308) sequentially formed on CT; and route (309). Route (305) contacts CT at its end. Route (309) communicates with routes (308,305) at rear end of CT. Route (309) covers CT inner wall, and contacts with heat insulating member, CL.    USE - For solid polymeric fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The reformer has improved fuel reforming efficiency. The heat insulating member close to rear end of catalyst layer efficiently transmits heat to catalytic layer, and thereby heat loss is reduced and reforming efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reformer (3), comprises main body (304) provided with burner (12) along periphery; combustion tube (CT) (303) for introducing gas to be combusted into (304); route (305), field fuel route (307) having catalytic layer (CL) which reforms fuel supplied and route (308), sequentially formed on CT periphery; and route (309). Route (305) communicates with CT at its end. Route (309) communicates with route (308) and (305) at rear end of CT. Route (309) covers inner wall of CT, and prolongs such that it contacts with heat insulating member and CL.    INDEPENDENT CLAIM are also included for solid polymeric fuel cell electricity generation system comprising modifier for chemically reacting hot gas such as natural gas, town gas and methanol; carbon monoxide transformer for transforming carbon monoxide and a carbon monoxide removal device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformer (3)    Burner (12)    Combustion tube (303)    Modifier main body (304)    Routes (305,308,309)    Field fuel route (307)    Heat insulating member (310)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has at least one fuel cell (12), a compressor for supplying air to the fuel cell(s) and a noise insulation arrangement for damping noise in the air path of the fuel cell system. The noise insulating arrangement (10,11,13,14,16) is essentially mounted on areas of the air path (7,7.1-7.3) in which noise emissions are generated.    USE - For a fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Noise emissions are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: the use of a fuel cell system in a fuel cell vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an example fuel cell system with sound dampers.    fuel cell (12)    noise insulating arrangement (10,11,13,14,16)    air path (7,7.1-7.3)
NOVELTY - The method involves detecting pressures at the anode inlet and outlet for a normal switch-off and generating a first difference pressure value, detecting the pressures during normal switch-off with the anode bypass valve closed and forming a second difference pressure value, comparing the values and switching from normal mode to a fast switch-off mode if the first difference does not exceed he second by a defined amount.    USE - For detecting a deviation from a normal cut-off mode while switching off a fuel cell system with a stack of fuel cells with an anode inlet and an anode outlet.    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional arrangements, e.g. the failure of a bypass valve leading to fuel cell stack damage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves providing an anode bypass valve and a controller that can determine the pressure at the anode inlet and outlet, detecting these pressures for a normal switch-off and generating a first difference pressure value, detecting the pressures during normal switch-off with the anode bypass valve closed an forming a second difference pressure value, comparing the values and switching from normal mode to a fast switch-off mode if the first difference does not exceed he second by a defined amount.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system (Drawing includes non-English text)    fuel processor (2)    fuel cell (22)    compressor (30)    burner (48)    controller (150)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a device containing at least one reactor (1-4) for processing the process gas for the fuel cell (7) with an air outlet line (8) from the cathode side (9) of the fuel cell with a process gas feed line (10,14) to the reactor(s), whereby the water and/or oxygen demand for gas processing is at least partly satisfied from the air outlet flow from the cathode side of the fuel cell.    USE - For use as a vehicle battery, especially in an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional arrangements, e.g. high costs and complexity of additional equipment for process gas cleaning and removal of generated water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: the use of a fuel cell as a vehicle battery, especially in an electric vehicle and a method of processing process gas for a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram representation of an arrangement for generating and fine cleaning fuel gas for a fuel cell    reactors (1-4)    fuel cell (7)    air outlet line (8)    cathode side of fuel cell (9)    process gas feed lines (10,14)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has an anode part (14) with fuel feed (15) and output (16) lines, a cathode part (11) with oxidant feed (12) and output (13) lines and a membrane (17) between the anode and cathode parts. At least one transport device (19) is provided to support the delivery and passage of fuel and/or oxidant through the fuel cell. The transport device(s) is a pump arranged in the feed line for the fuel and/or the feed line for the oxidant.    USE - For a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional arrangements, e.g. the lack of flow to the rear of the fuel cell, to produce a powerful fuel cell in which adequate flow in all parts and suitable supply of the membrane with fuel or oxidant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a vehicle with a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an example fuel cell    anode part (14)    fuel feed and output lines (15, 16)    cathode part (11)    oxidant feed and output lines (12, 13)    membrane (17)    transport device (19)
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel cell (1), conducting and valve devices for delivering fuel, a fuel reservoir (2) and a compressor (4) on the feed side of the reservoir. An expansion device (5) is arranged on the output side of the fuel reservoir. A second compressor (6) for compressing the combustion air for the fuel cell is driven at least in part by the expansion device. The expansion device and the second compressor have a common drive arrangement (17).    USE - For use in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The simple, compact system has improved energy efficiency during starting and during load peaks and reduced emissions during starting    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a method off operating a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an example fuel cell system    fuel cell (1)    fuel reservoir (2)    compressor/expansion device unit (4/5)    second compressor (6)    common drive arrangement (17)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to the method of producing straw protein feed by utilizing different agricultural straws and other agricultural by-products through solid fermentation. Advantages include: low cost, available raw material, short fermentation period, easy operation, strong adaptability etc.
NOVELTY - Carbon dioxide gas fertilizer has components including carbon source, nitrogen source, inorganic salt, trace elements, oxygen donor, sulfur as adhesive and solid microbe powder produced by using saccharomycete as strain and through culture in liquid medium and freeze drying. Its production process includes solid microbe powder preparation, mixed inoculation, coating, pelletizing and packing.
NOVELTY - Thermal gasification of solid fuel involves providing a layer of solid fuel forming a fixed bed, which is heated to form volatile fuel components by pyrolysis; causing volatile components to move upwards into a reactor chamber; and supplying at least one reactant into the reactor chamber to partly react components with the reactant.    USE - For the thermal gasification of solid fuel, e.g. biomass fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The chemical reaction taking place is an exothermic process, generating hot gaseous products and decomposing tar components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Thermal gasification of solid fuel involves providing a layer of solid fuel forming a fixed bed (13). The fuel is heated in the bed to form volatile fuel components by pyrolysis, causing at least part of the volatile components to move upwardly into a reactor chamber (15) defined above the layer of solid fuel. At least one reactant is supplied into the reactor chamber, and the reactant is contacted with the volatile components in the reactor chamber to cause the components to at least partly react chemically with the reactant. The gaseous products are discharged from the reactor chamber through the layer of solid fuel.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an installation for thermal gasification of solid fuel comprising a reactor chamber, a fuel inlet formed in the upper part of the chamber, a mechanism for heating the fuel in the bed, a mechanism for causing the volatile components to move upwards into the reactor chamber, a reactant supply mechanism, and a gaseous product discharge mechanism.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagrammatic axial sectional view of an installation.    Fixed bed (13)    Reactor chamber (15)
NOVELTY - A method of refining propylene oxide comprises distilling propylene oxide containing impurities in the presence of 5C or less hydrocarbon.    USE - The method is used for refining propylene oxide to remove oxygen atoms    ADVANTAGE - The method has good efficiency.
NOVELTY - Catalyst for partial oxidation of hydrocarbon feedstock comprises metal cloth including bulk rhodium.    USE - For oxidizing methane to produce syngas.    ADVANTAGE - Partial oxidation of hydrocarbons is more energy efficient than the conventional steam reforming reaction used to form syngas since it releases more heat during the process. The novel catalyst has sufficiently high selectivity for desired reaction products at high hourly space velocities, by using a gauze structure, which allows successful commercialization of the partial oxidation approach. Further, the catalyst has a long service life.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a process of cataleptic partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon feedstock by contacting a hydrocarbon feed stream and an oxygen containing gas with a porous bulk metal catalyst at conversion promoting conditions to produce an effluent stream comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded view of a gauze catalyst.    gauze layer (15)    wire (18)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generator comprises gaseous mixture layer, hydrogen separation layer, and porous hydrogen extraction layer. A hydrogen rich gas-containing hydrogen selectively permeating the separation layer passes through the extraction layer. The respective layers form a laminate structure, with the separation layer interposed between the gaseous mixture layer and the extraction layer.    USE - For generating hydrogen from e.g., methanol or natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement of the inventive hydrogen generator enhances the strength of the laminate structure and reduces the whole size of the generator. It effectively relieves the adverse effects of contamination of resulting hydrogen with carbon monoxide, due to a pinhole or partial damage of the layers. The provided laminate structure is easily manufactured, thus reducing the manufacturing cost of the hydrogen generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the hydrogen generator structure.    Gas-tight casing (100)    Manifolds (101, 103)    Hydrogen separation layer (200)
NOVELTY - A heatable end plate is associated with fuel cell stack. Temperature sensor and resistive thermal device heat the end plate.    USE - Fuel cell e.g. PEM or solid polymer electrolyte type, assembly.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains temperature of cell stack at desired level. Thus, minimizes condensation of water and cell tripping. Hence, drying out of solid electrolyte is prevented and performance and life of cell assembly are enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side elevational view of fuel cell assembly.
NOVELTY - The combustion heater (36) burns a portion of fuel which is supplied by fuel tank (22) through fuel pump (24) and vaporizes a remaining portion of fuel using heat generated during combustion. The vaporized fuel is mixed with air in a mixing chamber (38) and supplied to heat exchanger (52) which burns the fuel. Air blowers (32,40) supply air to mixing chambers (30,38) respectively.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves combustion efficiency by mixing vaporized fuel with air supplied by respective air blowers before it is supplied to heat exchanger.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) Fuel reforming apparatus;    (b) Fuel cell system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the combustion heating device.    Fuel tank (22)    Fuel pump (24)    Air blowers (32,40)    Mixing chambers (30,38)    Combustion heater (36)    Heat exchanger (52)
NOVELTY - A control valve having different pressure flow control characteristics is arranged in parallel with another control valve. The control valve (28) controls the flow rate of the discharged reactant gas until the flow rate exceeds the predetermined value. The control valves (27,28) of control unit (19) controls the flow rate of gas, when flow rate of the discharged reactant gas exceeds the predetermined value.    USE - For controlling pressure flow characteristic of reactant gas in fuel cell provided with reforming device.    ADVANTAGE - Enables controlling the pressure flow characteristic of the reactant gas accurately over a wide output range of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the control system for fuel cell.    Control unit (19)    Control valves (27,28)
NOVELTY - Decomposition of an organic and aromatic chlorine compounds using Coriolus hirsutus (Fr.) Quel, in which the activity or the productivity of lignin decomposing enzyme is enhanced by artificial mutation or gene recombination or its treated product containing lignin decomposing enzyme, is new.    USE - The microbe can be used for treating an environment and waste water contaminated by organic chlorine compounds.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The decomposition of an organic chlorine compound comprises decomposing an aromatic organic chlorine compound by using a microbe containing lignin decomposing enzyme gene, expressed under the control of a controlling sequence containing ras gene promoter or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter or its treated product containing lignin decomposing enzyme.
NOVELTY - Operation of vertical self-sustained combustion type carbonization furnace, involves injecting organic waste in the furnace, and combusting partially in refinement zone (RZ) by supplying primary combustion air. The temperature of RZ is maintained at a fixed value by mixing carbon dioxide, water mist, vapor and nitrogen, or exhaust gases ejected from furnace with primary combustion air supplied to RZ.    USE - For operating vertical self-sustained combustion type carbonization furnace, (claimed) to carbonize organic wastes, such as paper sludge and livestock dung.    ADVANTAGE - The carbonization furnace can be operated stably for longer period of time. Production of melt of carbonization raw material can be prevented, by maintaining the temperature of refinement zone at a fixed value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic waste is injected in a vertical self-sustained combustion type carbonization furnace, partially combusted in refinement zone (RZ) by supplying primary combustion air, and completely combusted in non-flammable zone with a heat of combustion to obtain carbonized material. The temperature of RZ is maintained at fixed value by mixing carbon dioxide, water mist, vapor and nitrogen, or cooled and cleaned exhaust gases ejected from furnace with primary combustion air supplied to RZ.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of vertical self-sustained combustion type carbonization furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Primary air blowing line (8a)
NOVELTY - The inflammable waste material is contacted with hot powder bed material of zeolite and thermolyzed. The zeolite contains silica and aluminum in a molar ratio of 3.0-100 and has specific surface area of 400-800 m2/l.    USE - For thermolysis of inflammable waste material such as industrial waste, waste plastic, waste oil, solid refuse waste and sewage sludge, by a fluid bed-type gasifier.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of coal tar fractions during thermolysis of inflammable waste material is suppressed. Gas formed by thermolysis is effectively recycled for heating waste material. Adherence of tar to the piping of thermolysis apparatus is prevented. Operation of thermolysis apparatus is stably performed.
NOVELTY - The dosing method uses a common dosing jet (D) for supplying a hydrocarbon (K) and water (W) to a gas generation device, with pulsed dosing of each in alternation via a regulation device controlling a central 3-way magnetic valve (M) for supplying the hydrocarbon and the water to the dosing jet.    USE - The fluid dosing method is used for supplying a hydrocarbon and water to a gas generation device, providing the synthesis gas for a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides accurate mixing of the dosed hydrocarbon and water supplied to the gas generation device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for a fluid dosing device is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a fluid dosing device with a central 3-way magnetic valve.    Common dosing valve (D)    Hydrocarbon (K)    Central 3-way magnetic valve (M)    Water (W)
NOVELTY - Microbiological purification of water uses fixed microorganisms in a tank with two chambers, allowing alternate submerged and non-submerged operation.    USE - Microbiological purification of water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for apparatus for microbiological purification of water comprising a tank (5) divided into two chambers (1, 2) by a partition (6). The chambers contain fixed microorganisms and a pipe (3) allows liquid to be transferred between them using a suction or compression pump (4), allowing alternate submerged and non-submerged operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the tank.    Separate chambers (1, 2)    Connecting pipe (3)    Pump (4)    Tank (5)    Partition (6)
NOVELTY - The flow field comprises one or more fluid distribution channels (16,18) having an average channel width W and separated by landings. The fluid diffusion electrode comprises a fluid diffusion layer (7,8), and the landings in the flow field mechanically support the fluid distribution layer. The one or more channels are configured such that any unsupported rectangular surface of length L and width W on the fluid diffusion layer has a ratio L/W less than about 3.    USE - For supporting fluid diffusion layers in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved mechanical support from adjacent flow field plates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for a fuel cell and a method of supporting fluid diffusion layer in fuel cell with flow field.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack.    fluid diffusion layer (7,8)    fluid distribution channels (16,18)
NOVELTY - Production of an organic compost composition by using pulp sludge and ocher is provided, which recycles waste resources. The organic compost composition does not cause any soil contamination and environmental pollution and has self-cleanability and decomposability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of an organic compost composition comprises steps (1-5):    (1) forming pure ocher powder having a particle size of less than 2 millimeters;    (2) mixing the pure ocher powder obtained from the step (1) with pulp sludge;    (3) spraying an adequate amount of water to the mixture obtained from the step (2); and    (4) mixing them to have a water content of about 20%;    (5) secondarily mixing the mixture obtained from the step (3) to uniformly mix it; and    (6) fermenting the mixture obtained from the step (4) by covering the mixture with a vinyl to keep the temperature at over 30 degrees C for about 60 days.
NOVELTY - Preparation of a fertilizer for agricultural crops from medicinal herbs is provided, which is useful for producing safe agricultural crops.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of a fertilizer for agricultural crops from medicinal herbs comprises steps (1-3):    (1) extracting medicinal ingredients from medicinal herbs by applying heat to it or precipitating the medicinal herbs in water to obtain a medicinal liquid;    (2) after putting aerobic microbes or anaerobic microbes, or common anaerobic microbes in the extract or the obtained medicinal liquid of the step (1), fermenting it for a certain period of time; and    (3) filtering the fermented solution of step (2).
NOVELTY - Gasification of polymer organic material vaporizes carbon monoxide and hydrogen from polymer organic material such as waste coal or petroleum oil by utilizing a specific gasification apparatus serving to control temperature and increase hydrogen content from the generated gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Gasification comprises pre-heating the gasification apparatus to a desired temperature sufficient to vaporize the polymer organic material; generating water and carbon dioxide by supplying fuel and oxygen into the apparatus; providing the polymer material within the apparatus to react it with water and carbon dioxide to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas; discharging the generated carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas out of the apparatus; supplying a portion of the discharged gas to react it with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide with heat; and reacting the produced water and carbon dioxide with the polymer material to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.
NOVELTY - A method and an apparatus for fermenting and drying food wastes by using a plurality of mixing, crushing and sending parts connected with each other in zigzag in a fermenting and drying chamber are provided to maximize the processing amount of the wastes and produce high-quality livestock feed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method is characterized by the steps of: (i) falling food wastes to the bottom by mixing, pulverizing and sending the wastes toward one side; (ii) mixing and pulverizing up and down and zigzag and sending the wastes with falling the wastes to the bottom by mixing, pulverizing and sending the wastes backward; and (iii) conveying the lowest part of the fallen food wastes to the top part and then falling and remixing and crushing the wastes. The apparatus comprises a fermenting and drying chamber of fixed area, a forward mixing, pulverizing and sending part(20) having a falling hole at one end and sending the wastes to one side and a backward mixing, pulverizing and sending part(20') having a falling hole at the other end and sending the wastes to the other side and the forward and the backward mixing, pulverizing and sending parts are continuously installed up and down and zigzag and a conveying and supplying part(30) connected to the bottom of the falling hole and the top of the forward and the backward mixing, pulverizing and sending parts respectively is also included in the apparatus for conveying the food wastes from the bottom part to one side of the top.
NOVELTY - Decomposition of phenol group environmental hormone (endocrine disruptor), comprising using laccase, and a culture solution of microorganism which produces laccase mediator, where the laccase mediator mediates phenol group derivative decomposition effect of laccase, is new.    USE - For decomposing phenol group environmental hormone (endocrine disruptor) which causes miscarriage, abnormality of testis, and oligospermia.    ADVANTAGE - The laccase mediator efficiently suppress the deactivation of the decomposition effect of laccase. Hence, the method enables efficient decomposition of phenol group environmental hormone (endocrine disruptor).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for phenol group environmental hormone (endocrine disruptor) decomposition agent.
NOVELTY - Waste material reclamation structure has waste material layer (10) comprising disposed waste material, whose uneven surface is leveled by providing a surface leveling layer (12). A pollution substance capturing layer (14) is formed on the surface leveling layer.    USE - For processing waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The reclamation structure effectively purifies waste material using pollution substance capturing layer, prevents formation of void within waste material layer by providing a surface leveling layer, reduces installation and operating costs, and improves safety during waste material processing. Permeability of water through the reclamation structure is made easier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste material processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory view of reclamation structure of waste material.    Waste material layer (10)    Surface leveling layer (12)    Pollution substance capturing layer (14)
NOVELTY - The plate (22) has a gas circulating area (22a) made from electroconductive member and provided with ribs (37) that form gas passageways. An insulating resin peripheral material (22b) is formed around the gas circulating area, and is formed with an anode gas supply hole (25), an anode gas exit hole (26), a cathode gas supply hole (27) and a cathode gas exit hole (28).    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures sufficient insulating performance. Simplifies manufacture of fuel cell, at reduced cost. Reduces weight of fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the plate.    Plate (22)    Gas circulating area (22a)    Insulating resin peripheral material (22b)    Anode gas supply hole (25)    Anode gas exit hole (26)    Cathode gas supply hole (27)    Cathode gas exit hole (28)    Ribs (37)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse containing kitchen waste water, human waste, garbage slurry pulverized by disposer and other waste water, is collected and concentrated, and methane is generated by fermentation, and the methane is converted into hydrogen rich gas which is supplied as a heating gas to the solid polymer fuel cell to recover the electric power and heat, is new.    USE - For generating electricity by recovering electric power and heat from organic refuses such as dust, human waste, general waste discharged from buildings such as home, residential buildings.    ADVANTAGE - The electric power and heat are excellently recovered from the organic refuse, hence cost for electricity generation is saved. Since destroying of organic refuse by fire becomes unnecessary, CO2 reduction and dioxin generation prevention are attained. Since discharge of organic refuse out of the building is avoided, contamination of city area is eliminated. Since organic pollutant is not discharged in sewer line, load of sewer line treatment facility is mitigable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electricity generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The fuel reformer (1) has a shift reaction device (13) and a membrane separation unit (14), provided to outlet of modifier (12) containing hydrogen gas by juxtaposition. The shift reaction device removes carbon monoxide by the shift reaction and the polymeric separation membrane unit separates hydrogen gas selectively.    USE - The fuel reformer is used for fuel cell system (claimed) used as electric power unit for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen gas of high purity is obtained without any increase in shift catalyst and the membrane separation unit is operated at optimum conditions. Impurities like carbon monoxide, methanol, etc., are removed by providing a selective oxidation reactor to the downstream side of shift reaction device and membrane separation unit. Exhaust gas is recycled as heating gas of combustor and the amount of fuel used for combustion is reduced. The thermal efficiency of the fuel cell system is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Flow control valve (18) controls the flow rate of hydrogen gas based on the substantial amount of system loads. When the flow rate of hydrogen gas from the modifier is less than the flow rate of the membrane separation unit, the valve is placed in full closure position. When the flow rate from the modifier is more than the flow rate of membrane separation unit, the valve is fully opened.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system using fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel reformer (1)    Modifier (12)    Shift reaction device (13)    Membrane separation unit (14)    Flow control valve (18)
(IT1298306-B)   NOVELTY - A method for converting organic solid waste (W) into humic products via preliminary aerobic fermentation (F1) of W, followed by a second aerobic fermentation (F2) in the presence of specific microorganisms to give a basic precursor, on which selective metabolization occurs to give the humic product.    USE - For decomposing solid waste such as hospital waste, municipal solid waste, organic waste of fruit and vegetable markets, waste of slaughter houses, solid waste from intensive livestock rearing and solid residues from dairies, sludge from waste water, for pedological conversion and restoration of agricultural soils, zootechnical farms, agri-foodstuff industries.    ADVANTAGE - The conversion process of organic solid waste is performed continuously in shorter time and lower energy costs, thereby minimizing use of land fills and incinerators.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic solid waste decomposition apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram illustrating the conversion of organic solid waste into humic products.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell unit (1) with an anode (2) and a cathode (3); a media feeding path for the anode; a media feeding path for the cathode; and a cathode waste gas flow path (4). A compressor (5) for supplying air to the cathode is arranged in the feed path of the cathode. A catalytic burner (8) is arranged in the cathode waste gas flow path. The anode waste gas flow path opens into the burner and/or upstream of the burner in the cathode gas flow path. The combined catalytically converted fuel cell waste gas stream is fed into an expansion machine (7).    USE - Used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The cathode waste gas is utilized better to increase the power of the system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for operating a fuel cell system. Preferred Features: The expansion machine is a waste gas turbocharger or turbogenerator. The compressor is coupled to the expansion machine via a common shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    fuel cell unit (1)    anode (2)    cathode (3)    cathode waste gas flow path (4)    compressor (5)    expansion machine (7)    catalytic burner (8)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen is utilize as a fuel for an internal combustion (IC) engine to produce work repeatedly without continuous fuel supply. An internal combustion engine is produced to burn hydrogen, and partial of the produced heat energy is converted into electric energy for electrolyzing water obtained by burning hydrogen into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is then burnt to obtain water and water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen again. In the repeated process, the internal combustion engine produces work circularly.
NOVELTY - Novel multicomponent organic fertilizer includes fermented organic matter comprising straw, feces, wheat bran, red sugar, calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer and ferment, urea, potassium sulfate and calcium superphosphate. It is prepared through the processes of preparing fermented organic matter, mixing the fermented organic matter with other components and pelletizing. It has low cost and obvious yield increasing effect.
NOVELTY - A solid sorbent composition comprises particulate herbivore dung.    USE - For absorbing acids and petroleum-based pollutants, e.g. engine oil, transmission oil, hydraulic oil, paraffin, crude oil, petroleum, methanol, spirits, chloroform, benzene, brake fluid, cutting oil, caustic soda, paint, oil based paint and varnish, vegetables, or thinners. The particulate dung is used as a solid sorbent composition (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composition has low bulk density and can easily be spread or blown over a contaminated area. It selectively absorbs hydrocarbon-based pollutants. It is harmless to human, plant, aquatic and animal life and inert substrates, e.g. cement, metal or soil. It will absorb at most 6 times its own weight of the oil; and is an organic product which sometimes contains microorganisms or enzymes, allowing the composition to be worked into polluted soil and left in the polluted soil to biodegrade the pollutant while adding nutrition to the soil for plants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (A) a method of producing the solid sorbent composition comprising comminuting dung of a herbivore having a moisture content of at most 8 % mass; and    (B) a method of treating or combating a liquid pollutant comprising contacting the pollutant with a solid sorbent composition to absorb the pollutant.
NOVELTY - Diffusion substrate consists of a base that is capable of conducting electrical charge and porous to be able to transport reaction constituents, and a bed that is operatively attached to the base. The bed includes micro elements and channels.    USE - For use in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention has a base and bed structure that has relatively low-cross plane resistance, relatively stable porosity for reactant flow, mechanical characteristics that promote low cross-plane resistance and stable porosity, and resistance to degrading influences.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Diffusion substrate includes:    (a) a base (32) that is capable of conducting electrical charge and porous to be able to transport reaction constituents; and    (b) a bed (33) that is operatively attached to the base.    The bed includes micro elements that are capable of conducting electrical charge and extend between a first surface and a second surface. The bed further includes channels that extend between the first and second surfaces and are capable of transporting reaction constituents.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fragment of the diffusion substrate.    base (32)    bed (33)    micro-studs (34)
NOVELTY - A gas-recovering apparatus consists of a flexible cover (10), steerable pods (12) secured to the cover, and a steerable mining module (14) for cooperating with the cover. Two air sources (22) are provided to maintain proper and arcuate inflation of the cover. A gas-retrieval conduit (20) extends upwardly from the cover.    USE - The apparatus is used to mine, extract and recover gas, e.g. methane gas from methane gas hydrate formations located on the ocean floor. The recovered methane gas is used as fuel or energy source in industries.    ADVANTAGE - Gas, e.g. methane gas, is recovered from gas hydrate formation with a minimum environmental damage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of recovering gas from gas hydrate located on the ocean floor utilizing the inventive apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the inventive apparatus.    Cover (10)    Pods (12)    Mining module (14)    Control cable (18)    Gas-retrieval conduit (20)    Air sources (22)    Gas detector (24)    Inflation sensor (26)
NOVELTY - Number of heat exchangers (2) are arranged to a burner outlet from a burner tip (8) which burns a gaseous fuel (5) with an air factor of 1.0 or less at the outlet section of a flame-holding portion (11a). A liquefied fuel for burner combustion (4) flows to one side of the heat exchangers, while a cooling water (4') flows to the other side of the heat exchangers.    USE - For hydrogen generation fuel reformer of fuel-battery system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables producing combustion gas of low temperature and anoxia without expansion of burner. Attains space saving since device for vaporization of liquefied fuel is not provided separately. Enables adjusting temperature of combustion using simple component. Has improved durability since fins of heat exchanger are manufactured using stainless steel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of burner arranged in fuel-battery system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat exchangers (2)    Cooling water (4')    Liquefied fuel for burner combustion (4)    Gaseous fuel (5)    Burner tip (8)    Flame-holding portion (11a)
NOVELTY - An air-supply apparatus of a composting plant (10) has an air chamber (27) formed on longitudinal direction along an outer surface of sidewall of channel form fermentation tank of the composting plant. The air chamber is connected to the atmosphere, and has an air supply pipe (23) whose other end which passes to the lower part of fermentation tank, is opened inside the air chamber.    USE - For composting plant.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation of charged organic substance is increased easily. Since air is preheated with the fermentation heat, fermentation of organic substance is performed without using exceptional heating units. Air supplied to the bottom portion of the fermenter is heated to high temperature. Since the organic gas released from an initial stage fermentation is recycled and passed to the bottom portion of the fermenter, odor produced by leakage in the composting plant, is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An air-supply apparatus of a composting plant has an air chamber formed on longitudinal direction along an outer surface of side wall of channel form fermentation tank of the composting plant. The air chamber is connected to the atmosphere, and has an air supply pipe whose other end which passes to the lower part of fermentation tank, is opened inside the air chamber. The composting plant has the channel form fermentation tank with two parallel side walls and an open surface, and has organic material composts. Air is supplied from bottom portion of a fermenter (20) to an organic substance material (13) which is piled up in the middle of the fermentation tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of composting apparatus.    Composting plant (10)    Organic substance (13)    Fermenter (20)    Air pipe (23)    Air chamber (27)
NOVELTY - A biologic organic fertilizer is prepared through pulverizing mushroom dregs and dregs of a decoction, sieving using 15-40 meshes, mixing animal dungs, fowl droppings, mushroom dregs, dregs of the decoction, mixed microbes, mixed inorganic fertilizer and binder proportionally, adding water, fermenting at 40-70 degrees C for 5-15 days while aerating and stirring, pre-drying, granulating and baking. Its advantages are rich raw materials and a simple process.
NOVELTY - Preparing inorganic-organic fertilizer from the livestock dung and fowl droppings. The process includes collecting dung and droppings, dewatering, culturing a bacterial strain, fully enclosed continuous high-temp aerobic fermentation, baking tail gas, deodorizing, adding high-molecular binder and granulating. The preparation is low cost, simple and gives high fertility.
NOVELTY - The system has a main reforming unit (10) for providing a reformed gas rich in hydrogen, a fuel cell (12) for generating electrical energy from it and an oxidation material, a reformed gas storage device (4) and a second reforming unit (2) for providing a hydrogen-rich reformed gas for the storage device.    USE - Especially for use in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Cold start properties are improved and emissions are reduced in an inexpensive and reliable manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following: a method of operating a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system with a reformed gas store and active dosing for the second reforming unit    main reforming unit (10)    fuel cell (12)    reformed gas storage device (4)    second reforming unit (2)
NOVELTY - Reduction of the dielectric constant of chemical vapor deposited films which are useful for the production of microelectronic devices.    USE - For forming dielectric layer useful for the production of microelectronic devices (claimed), silicon chips, integrated circuits, and for interconnect applications.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides reduced dielectric constant of chemical vapor deposited films, thus providing a cost advantage to device manufacturers because they can extend their existing equipment with minimal cost. It achieves the reduction in both peak process temperature and total process time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dielectric layer is formed on a substrate by chemical vapor depositing a monomeric or oligomeric dielectric precursor in a chemical vapor deposition apparatus or a reaction product formed from the precursor into a substrate to form a layer on the substrate surface, optionally heating the layer, and exposing the layer to electron beam radiation.
NOVELTY - A blowing agent composition comprises 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124) and a co-blowing agent selected from 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) and 4-6C hydrocarbon .    USE - In preparation of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foam compositions (claimed) which are useful in insulating industry including roofing system, building panels, refrigerators and freezers and as pour-in-place molded foams.    ADVANTAGE - Foams prepared with the blowing agent possess improved cell nucleation and thermal performance. The blowing agent elevates k-factor of the foam produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a closed cell foam composition prepared from a polymer foam formulation containing the blowing agent;    (2) a mixture of a polyol and a blowing agent; and    (3) Preparation of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foam compositions comprising reacting and foaming a mixture of materials in the presence of the blowing agent as described above.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell uses a hydrocarbon reaction to produce energy. The present cell has a solid polymer electrolyte, produces heat or electrical energy, uses gas reformer and operates at atmospheric pressure Uses special capillary structure which removes waste water produced by the reaction in the cell and utilizes more than 90 per cent of the hydrogen in the fuel fed to the cell.    USE - Fuel cell with solid polymer electrolyte    ADVANTAGE - Requires no gas compressor
NOVELTY - Provided is a moisture sensor installation structure of food waste processor, which reduces contacting and rubbing of a mixture and a screw to a minimum to prevent the screw from coming untied.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The food waste processor comprised i) a fermenter that is installed at the inside of a main body; ii) impellers that are installed at the fermenter; and iii) a moisture sensor that is installed at the one side of the fermenter, is characterized by containing partitions that is installed at around the screws connecting with the fermenter.
NOVELTY - A mobile fermenter of livestock excretions, which ferments a large amount of the excretions of livestock to reproduce high quality organic fertilizer therefrom, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mobile fermenter of livestock comprises:    (i) a stirring shaft (7) which is mounted on the inside center of a main body (2) horizontally;    (ii) T shaped outside stirring wings (16a) which are installed on the side of the stirring shaft in three-directions formed by dividing the side of the stirring shaft into each 60 degrees;    (iii) inside stirring wings (16b) which are installed between the T shaped outside stirring wings horizontally;    (iv) a screw conveyor (8) which is installed on a transferring discharge chamber (5);    (v) an opening and shutting plate (11) which is installed by inserting a compression coil spring (12) into its rear side to automatically open and shut a fermented excretions outlet (9) located on a discharge end part of the transferring discharge chamber;    (vi) an air injection hole (17) which is formed on the center of the stirring shaft to inject the air from the outside;    (vii) air ejection holes which are formed between space parts of the stirring wings to communicate with the air injection hole;    (viii) wheel driving motors (19) which are installed on four points at the lower side of a base board (3); and    (ix) wheels (20) which are respectively mounted on the wheel driving motors to move along a guide rail (21).
NOVELTY - The refuse processing device comprises a decomposition tank (1) with built-in medium (2) containing micro-organism to decompose organic refuse (8), an air supply inlet line provided to entrance side of tank, an exhaust gas outlet line provided to outlet side of tank, and a fan (7) provided to inlet or outlet lines. A heating device with coil type gas volume measurement meter (4), is provided to inlet line.    USE - For treating organic refuse using micro-organism.    ADVANTAGE - The structure of organic refuse processing device can be simplified. The amount of air supplied to the decomposition tank can be measured easily by the coil type gas volume measurement meter provided to the heating device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of organic refuse processing device.    Decomposition tank (1)    Medium (2)    Coil type gas volume measurement meter (4)    Fan (7)    Organic refuse (8)
NOVELTY - Filter medium for waste water, made by mixing dredging soil of river and pond containing loam as main component, and extrusion-molding in desired form, is new. The molded material is placed into a container having small holes and baked at 1150-1200 degrees C for 4-6 hours in a firing furnace, to obtain a filter medium.    USE - For waste water purification using microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - A porous filter medium with rough surface is obtained. The filter medium effectively removes floated particles, fats and oils in the waste water. The filter medium can be manufactured inexpensively using soil and vegetable fibers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Filter medium for waste water, made by mixing dredging soil of river and pond containing loam as main component, and extrusion-molding in desired form, is new. The molded material is placed into a container having small holes and baked at 1150-1200 degrees C for 4-6 hours in a firing furnace, to obtain a filter medium. Dried fragments of vegetable fiber at an amount of 0.5-4 %, by weight, is added to form filter medium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective diagram of a filter medium for waste water purification.
NOVELTY - A cylindrical microorganism carrier comprising a cylinder (tubing) (1) with core (2) having several vane-like fins (3), provided towards the medial wall surface of the cylinder, is new. The outer surface of the cylinder is provided with several protrusions.    USE - In purification tank for treating waste drain ejected from industries, domestic waste water and biological waste water of septic tank.    ADVANTAGE - The carrier is resistant to long term use and has increased water flow-resistance. The carrier has large surface area, and enables adherence of large amount of microorganisms. The fins present in the cylinder protects the carrier from collision and abrasion. The carrier effectively adheres microorganisms, hence large amounts of forced waste water can be treated stably for long period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a purification tank equipped with a microorganism carrier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective diagram and front elevation of a microorganism carrier.    Cylinder (tubing) (1)    Core (2)    Vane-like fins (3).
NOVELTY - Granular microorganism carriers (12) having a specific gravity higher than water, are filled along with treated water in the aerobic tank (10) divided by a partition plate (14).    USE - For water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents deposition of sediment to the bottom portion of tank by improving the contacting efficiency of granular carrier and treated water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Granular microorganism carriers (12) having a specific gravity higher than water, are filled along with treated water in the aerobic tank (10) divided by a partition plate (14). Air is blown in the area (16) through a diffuser (20) to circulate the water and carrier between the areas by the airlift effect. A guide plate (30) in the downflow area (18) leads the water and carrier along the sidewall of aerobic tank to the tank bottom.    A screen (24) for separating the treated water and granular carrier is provided in the area (18) maintaining a predetermined interval to the guide plate approximately parallel to the guide plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the aerobic treatment tank.    Aerobic tank (10)    Granular microorganism carriers (12)    Partition plate (14)    Area (16)    Downflow area (18)    Diffuser (20)    Screen (24)    Guide plate (30)
NOVELTY - An aeration chamber of an existing single process purification tank (1) is converted into an additional anaerobic treatment chamber (13). A precipitate chamber (5) and a disinfection tank (6) is installed in the existing process purification tank.    USE - For purifying human waste, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances sludge storage capability of the existing single process purification tank by converting existing aeration chamber into additional anaerobic process chamber. Eliminates need for providing disinfection chamber in the combined processing device, since it is incorporated in the existing single process purification tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An aeration chamber of an existing single process purification tank (1) is converted into an additional anaerobic treatment chamber (13). A precipitate chamber (5) and a disinfection tank (6) is installed in the existing process purification tank. A combined processing device (20) installed with a bioreaction portion (26), a filtration portion (27), is coupled to the existing single process purification tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top and vertical side views of combined process purification tank.    Existing single process purification tank (1)    Precipitate chamber (5)    Disinfection tank (6)    Anaerobic treatment chamber (13)    Combined processing device (20)    Bioreaction portion (26)    Filtration portion (27)
NOVELTY - Combined process purification tank (20) has a bio-reaction section (26) for aerobic treatment and a filtration section (27). Treated water from the purification tank is passed to a disinfection chamber (6) of the single process tank. Disinfected water is used for backwashing the filtration section.    USE - Used for treatment of biological waste.    ADVANTAGE - By adding a combined process purification tank with a single process purification tank, the need for disposal of existing single process purification tank is eliminated. Waste processing efficiency is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Combined process purification tank (20) has a bio-reaction section (26) for aerobic treatment and a filtration section (27). Treated water from the purification tank is passed to a disinfection chamber (6) of the single process tank. Disinfected water is used for backwashing the filtration section. Wash water from the filter section is passed to the anaerobic process chamber (3) or precipitation chamber (5) of a single process tank.    The upstream side of the bio-reaction section is equipped with a flow rate adjustment tank. Treated water from the single process purification tank flows into the bio-reaction tank through the flow rate adjustment tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures respectively show a top view and vertical sectional view of the waste treatment apparatus.    Anaerobic process chamber (3)    Precipitation chamber (5)    Disinfection chamber (6)    Combined process purification tank (20)    Bio-reaction section (26)    Filtration section (27)
NOVELTY - A combined process purification apparatus (20) has an organism filtration tank (23) whose outlet is connected to disinfection chamber (6) of the single process purification tank (1) having two anaerobic process chambers (12,13). The piping for inflow mouth (2) of single process purification, is connected to the waste water drain.    USE - For sewage treatment such as human and kitchen waste.    ADVANTAGE - By adding a combined process purification tank to an existing single process purification tank, disposal of single process purification tank is eliminated. A separate disinfection process tank is not required to be provided to the combined process purification tank and a compact set-up is obtained. The sludge storage capacity is increased by converting the contact aeration chamber of single process purification tank into anaerobic process chamber and frequency of drawing out of sludge is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bio-reaction portion (21) and a filtration portion (22) are provided on the bottom portion of organic filtration tank. A diffusion tube is provided to return the wash water drain of filtration portion to the anaerobic process chambers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flat surface view with piping and a vertical side view with piping of the combined process purification tank.    Purification tank (1)    Inflow mouth (2)    Disinfection chamber (6)    Anaerobic process chambers (12,13)    Combined process purification apparatus (20)    Bio-reaction portion (21)    Filtration portion (22)    Organism filtration tank (23)
NOVELTY - Existing aerobic treatment portion of an existing single process purification tank (1) is converted to another anaerobic process chamber (13) with existing anaerobic process chamber (12). A combined processing portion (20) with an aerator (21), a precipitate tank (22) and a disinfection tank (23) is coupled to the existing single process purification tank at its downstream side through pipings.    USE - For purifying human waste, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for discarding existing single process purification tank, since the combined processing portion is coupled to existing tank. Enhances capacity of the existing single process purification tank by converting aerobic process chamber of the existing tank to additional anaerobic process chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective plan view and a perspective elevational view of the combined process purification tank.    Single process purification tank (1)    Anaerobic process chambers (12,13)    Combined processing portion (20)    Aerator (21)    Precipitate tank (22)    Disinfection tank (23)
NOVELTY - Outlet of combined processing tank (20) which has aeration chamber (21) and precipitation chamber (22) is connected to a disinfection chamber (6). A piping supplies waste water from kitchen to the inflow mouth (2) of a single process purification tank which has two anaerobic treatment chambers (12,13) and a purification chamber and is connected to the outlet of disinfection chamber.    USE - For purification of human waste and waste water from kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Since a combined processing tank is formed using the existing single process purification tank, disposal of single process purification tank is eliminated and so the treatment plant is made compact. The sludge storage capability improves by converting aerobic treatment portion of single process purification tank into anaerobic process tank and the frequency of removal of sludge is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flat surface view and vertical sectional view of the combined processing time.    Inflow mouth (2)    Disinfection chamber (6)    Processing tank (20)    Aeration chamber (21)    Precipitation chamber (22)
NOVELTY - Single process purification tank (1) treats waste water in an anaerobic treatment section (13). The treated water is supplied to a bioreactor (29) which performs aerobic treatment and treated water passes through a filter (30) and disinfection tank (24) for sterilization. The water from the disinfection tank is transferred to the anaerobic treatment section.    USE - Used for purification treatment of human waste and waste water from kitchens.    ADVANTAGE - Combined process purification tank enables stabilization of waste water treatment, and flow rate adjustment at low construction cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of combined processing apparatus.    Single process purification tank (1)    Anaerobic treatment section (13)    Disinfection tank (24)    Bioreactor (29)    Filter (30)
NOVELTY - A water flow board (4) divides the space (1) into water flow space in which water to be treated flows and the fixed bed portion (2) which has a micro-organism adherence carrier. The clear water treated after a solid-liquid separation is passed to a catchment portion (3) through an inner water flow board (5). The space and fixed bed portion adjoin each other horizontally in the filtration tank.    USE - For treating organic pollutant material in waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The fixed bed portion and the space are arranged horizontally adjoining each other. The clear treated water after a solid-liquid separation passes through effective upright surface portion of fixed bed portion to the catchment portion, effective filtration is secured with a compact setup. Since the backwashed drain water is collected in the catchment portion, aggravation of water quality is prevented in the initial stage of effusion of treated water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A water flow board (4) divides the space (1) into water flow space in which water to be treated flows and the fixed bed portion (2) which has a micro-organism adherence carrier. The clear water treated after a solid-liquid separation is passed to a catchment portion (3) through an inner water flow board (5). The space and fixed bed portion adjoin each other horizontally in the filtration tank. An aeration mouth (7) for backwashing is provided for the bottom portion of fixed bed portion. A pump (8) for drawing-out backwashed waste water is connected to the catchment portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical front view of the micro-organic membrane filtration tank.    Space (1)    Bed portion (2)    Catchment portion (3)    Water flow boards (4,5)    Aeration mouth (7)    Pump (8)
NOVELTY - A single process purification tank performs anaerobic treatment of waste water using an anaerobic process chamber and contact aeration chamber. The treated water is conveyed through piping to a bioreaction unit at downstream side of the purification tank. The bioreaction unit consists of an organism filter tank and a disinfection tank at its downstream.    USE - For purification treatment of human waste, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for discarding the single process purification tank, since the bioreaction portion is attached to the single process purification tank through piping at its downstream side. Enhances purification efficiency while keeping the cost low due to utilizing the existing single process purification tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A single process purification tank (1) performs anaerobic treatment of waste water using an anaerobic process chamber (12) and contact aeration chamber (4). The treated water is conveyed through piping to a bioreaction unit at downstream side of the purification tank. The bioreaction unit consists of an organism filter tank (22) and a disinfection tank (24) at its downstream. The filtered water is recycled to the aeration chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective plan view and a perspective elevational view of the combined processing device.    Single process purification tank (1)    Contact aeration chamber (4)    Anaerobic process chamber (12)    Organism filter tank (22)    Disinfection tank (24)
NOVELTY - Human waste processing apparatus has a treatment tank (1) divided into an upper chamber (2) and a liquid chamber (3), with a permeable partition (4). The liquid chamber is connected to a liquid tank (22) through a circulation path (23) with a pump (24).    USE - Used for a toilet fixture.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus enables usage in combination with various kinds of toilets, with sufficient water content processing capability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Human waste processing apparatus has a treatment tank (1) divided into an upper chamber (2) and a liquid chamber (3), with a permeable partition (4). The liquid chamber is connected to a liquid tank (22) through a circulation path (23) with a pump (24). The liquid chamber is heated by a heater (5) and a tap (25) opens an inlet to allow liquid to flow from liquid tank to liquid chamber, when the liquid level falls to a fixed height in the chamber.    A stirrer (8) is arranged in the interior of upper chamber. An exhaust tube (17) is provided above the liquid chamber. An air supply pipe (15) supplies outer air to the liquid chamber. A humidity sensor (20) measures the humidity of the upper chamber and a water level sensor (11) detects the water level in the liquid chamber. Based on the humidity level in the upper chamber, a damper (21) of an exhaust tube is operated and the humidity is adjusted. The waste water from a toilet fixture (28) flows to the liquid chamber through a solid liquid separator and waste water flow pipe (32d).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the human waste processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Upper chamber (2)    Liquid chamber (3)    Partition (4)    Heater (5)    Stirrer (8)    Sensors (11,20)    Air supply pipe (15)    Exhaust tube (17)    Damper (21)    Liquid tank (22)    Circulation path (23)    Pump (24)    Tap (25)    Toilet fixture (28)    Waste water flow pipe (32d)
NOVELTY - Organism decomposition-resistant organic substance containing waste water, is degraded by oxidation treatment. The oxidation treatment is performed by respectively adding 0.1 mg/l or more of hydrogen peroxide and 0.5 mg/l or less of ozone.    USE - For processing organism decomposition-resistant organic substance containing waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective treatment of organism decomposition-resistant organic substance containing waste water, by generating hydroxy radicals from hydrogen peroxide and ozone.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing apparatus of organism decomposition-resistant organic substance containing waste water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of processing apparatus of organism decomposition-resistant organic substance containing waste water. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The fermentation apparatus (14) has an insertion opening (24) to supply organic waste and a discharge port (28) to discharge the processed material. A controller regulates gas ejected from the front and back exhaust openings (26, 30) which are arranged near the insertion opening and discharge port respectively, based on humidity of gas measured by hydrometer.    USE - For organic waste processing.    ADVANTAGE - Flow rate of gas ejected from exhaust opening is adjusted by controller of front and back exhaust openings arranged near the insertion opening and discharge port and so required humidity is maintained in the processing apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste fermentation processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic waste processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Apparatus (14)    Insertion opening (24)    Exhaust openings (26,30)    Discharge port (28)
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises a decomposition tank (10) in which aerobic fermentation and facultative anaerobic fermentation of organic matter contained in waste water is carried out by aeration of waste water and by stirring waste water with a stirrer (19). A heater is provided in the decomposition tank to maintain the tank at the optimum temperature suitable for the thermophilic bacteria.    USE - For processing organic waste contained in sludge ejected from waste water treatment plant, organic refuse obtained from hotels, food processing plants, houses.    ADVANTAGE - Since the sludge is heated to the optimum temperature suitable for thermophilic bacteria, the source of nutrition in the organic waste is digested by the aerobic bacteria and the facultative anaerobic microorganism which live in a porous medium. The decomposition of organic waste is accelerated and improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Decomposed organic waste under goes fermentation in a tank (32), sedimentation in a sedimentation tank (40) and anaerobic fermentation in a last reaction vessel (60). In the sedimentation tank, the sedimentation of solids and suspended solids is carried out.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top view of the organic waste processing apparatus.    Decomposition tank (10)    Stirrer (19)    Tank (32)    Sedimentation tank (40)    Last reaction vessel (60)
NOVELTY - A deodorizing apparatus, comprising a low-temperature plasma discharge device (5), discharge reaction part (8) and catalyst (9), is new. The discharge device has inlet for introducing raw gas containing odor components and discharge reaction part provides low-temperature plasma discharge to introduced gas. The catalyst decomposes odor components and discharges odor removed gas through an exhaust (6).    USE - For deodorizing odor component containing raw gas generated from hospitals, food industries etc.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus effectively deodorizes odor components present in raw gas and process can be performed economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) organic refuse processing machine equipped with an organic refuse treatment tank (3) and the deodorizing apparatus; and    (b) deodorization method of odor component containing raw gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of an organic refuse processing machine equipped with a deodorizing apparatus.    Organic refuse treatment tank (3)    Low-temperature plasma discharge device (5)    Exhaust gas device (6)    Discharge reaction part (8)    Catalyst (9)    Reset units (10)    Frequency controller (11).
NOVELTY - Organic substance processing apparatus has a treatment tank (1) with an agitator (15) which is operated based on the opening-closing detection of a cover (32) of the opening (31) of the tank by a detector. A controller (22) performs extra stirring control which is a fixed time drive of the agitator apart from the routine stir control, when the opening-closing of cover is detected.    USE - Used for treating organic substance such as garbage.    ADVANTAGE - Since the extra stirring control is carried out whenever a new charge is thrown in the tank, generation of malodor is prevented. Process efficiency is improved. Pulverization of carrier accompanied by stirring is suppressed and lifespan of the carrier is not reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic substance processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Agitator (15)    Controller (22)    Opening (31)    Cover (32)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus, comprising a treatment tank (1) having an agitator (15), heater (3) and a ventilation fan, is new. Based on the output of a moisture content sensor (5), the operation of the agitator, heater and ventilation fan is controlled. A selector switch is provided to select the moisture content display mode and operation display mode of automatic operation condition.    USE - For processing organic refuse such as garbage, using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Enables confirming moisture content by simple structure and failure of moisture content sensor is judged quickly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of an organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Heater (3)    Moisture current sensor (5)    Agitator (15).
NOVELTY - Aeromonas hydrophila KHU capable of metabolizing fats, oils, protein and starch in greasy water, is new.    USE - The bacteria is useful for metabolizing fat and oil in the waste water of a grease trap installed in restaurant kitchens and fast food center.    ADVANTAGE - Pollutants in waste water such as fat and oil are effectively metabolized by the bacteria. The rate of purification by the bacteria is 97% or more and biological oxygen demand (BOD) is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) liquid culture medium of the oil metabolizing bacteria, containing peptone and yeast extract as main components; and    (b) culturing of the oil metabolizing bacteria in the above culture medium for 1 month in normal temperature
NOVELTY - Biodegradation of fats and oils comprising mixing lipolysis material on a contact support with fats and oils, and organic sludge, and subjecting to high temperature decomposition, is new.    USE - For biodegradation of fats and oils.    ADVANTAGE - Fats and oils are effectively degraded, without using expensive yeast extract.
NOVELTY - Purification of the waste material with total organic carbon (TOC) value of about 100000 parts per million (ppm) (biological oxygen demand value of 200000 ppm or more) using photosynthetic bacteria culture solution, without dilution, by flowing through 3 tanks sequentially, is new.    USE - For processing ultra-high concentration liquid food processing waste material like fermented lactic drink, fruit juices and processed foods.    ADVANTAGE - Processing is performed without incineration disposal and hence is harmless and safe to perform.
NOVELTY - Vegetable oil waste liquid comprising organic acid is treated with microorganisms for forming a suspension. The suspension is separated into solid and liquid layers containing at least 5 wt.% organic acid, by a freeze-separation method. The liquid layer is concentrated and the organic acid is vaporized.    USE - For processing organic acid (lower fatty acid) containing vegetable oil waste liquid, such as palm oil waste liquid used as raw material for manufacturing chemical substances, such as ketone, aldehyde, alcohol, hydrocarbon compounds, plastics, methane or hydrogen (claimed). The liquid containing organic acid is used for manufacturing chemical substances.    ADVANTAGE - The organic acid of waste liquid generated from vegetable oil manufacture is effectively recycled for making useful raw materials. The solid substance separated from waste liquid effectively used as source of combustion energy. The processed waste liquid seldom contaminates environment, even when discharged into river, due to less chemical-oxygen demand. The freeze-separation method prevents deposition of solid particles in processing container, hence the concentration process can be performed effectively.
NOVELTY - A fuel containing a hydrocarbon compound, water and hydrogen peroxide as essential raw material is converted into heating gas by vaporization. The heating gas is modified to reformed gas at a modification temperature in the presence of a catalyst.    USE - For a fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The heating apparatus and cooling system are compact. Oxidizing agent is replaced by air. Since raw material of fuel is mixed uniformly, the rate of hydrogen extraction is improved. The provision of hydrogen peroxide removal unit prevents degradation of the catalyst. The excess vaporization of water is prevented. Energy efficiency is increased. The heat evolved during exothermic reaction of hydrogen peroxide is used for heating fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heating gas satisfies an autothermal condition so that heat evolved in exothermic reaction and heat absorbed in endothermic reaction are balanced.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a fuel reformer; and    (b) a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A method for purifying environmental polluting substance involves allowing the polluting substance and a microorganism to coexist under comprehensive condition with a polymer produced by microorganism, is new.    USE - For purification of environmental polluting substance such as polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxin, dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, mercury or its compound and selenium or its compound (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The environmental polluting substance is biodegraded efficiency without inhibiting the biological activity of the microorganism. The environmental polluting substance is efficiently concentrated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a treating agent comprising a polymer (produced by microorganism) carrying a microorganism.
NOVELTY - Treatment of sewage comprising adding fermentation product of an algae to the anaerobic tank of a sewage treatment plant, is new.    USE - For processing sewage.    ADVANTAGE - Phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal are performed efficiently. The sewage treatment method is performed economically and effectively. Environmental pollution is prevented. Large quantities of sewage is treated effectively. Quality of water in lakes, marshes and storage reservoir, is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model figure of the sewage treatment method using organic substance formed by self aversion fermentation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Anaerobic tank (3)    Denitrification tank (4)
NOVELTY - Waste water is biologically treated in a biological treatment tank, where the sludge generated by the treatment tank is solubilized and surplus sludge is solubilized in apparatus at 50-300 degrees C, at a pressure of 0.1-10 MPa and is returned to the tank, is new.    USE - For processing sewage water and sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Waste water processing is effectively and efficiently performed, at low cost, without the need for high pressure gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste water processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic structure of waste water processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Biological treatment tank (1)    Concentration regulator (3)    Solubilization apparatus (4)
NOVELTY - Processing of organic drainage liquid comprising introducing liquid into an aerator, performing aerobic organism processing on the activated sludge, and subjecting to repeated solid-liquid separation to form sludge and supernatant liquid which are separately removed, is new.    USE - To process organic drainage liquid.    ADVANTAGE - Volume reduction of surplus sludge is performed and aggravation in process water quality is prevented. Waste water is efficiently and effectively treated, at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Processing of organic drainage liquid comprising introducing liquid into an aerator, performing aerobic organism processing on the activated sludge, subjecting to repeated solid-liquid separation to form sludge and supernatant liquid which are separately removed, returning at least a part of the sludge to the aerator and supernatant liquid is discharged as treated water, is new. The sludge is biodegradable and is subjected to second solid-liquid separation process. The supernatant liquid is discharged and the modified sludge formed is separated.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a processing apparatus of organic drainage liquid comprising an aerator, aerobic organism processing apparatus, solid-liquid separator, ozone treatment tank and membrane separation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of a processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Aerator (1)    Solid-liquid separator (2)    Ozone treatment tank (3a)    Membrane separation apparatus (4)    Drainage liquid (11)
NOVELTY - Pseudomonas which utilizes organic solvent, aldehydes or carboxylic acid as carbon source and decomposes organic solvent, aldehydes or carboxylic acids, is new.    USE - For decomposing organic solvent, aldehydes or carboxylic acids, contained in waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The microbes effectively decomposes organic solvent, aldehydes or carboxylic acids, and enables excellent waste water treatment. The biotreatment process not only enables improvement in isopropanol processing velocity but also enables cost reduction, and enables complete decomposition of isopropanol contained in waste water, industrially.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for decomposition of organic solvent, aldehyde or carboxylic acids contained in solution, by contacting with the Pseudomonas microorganism.
NOVELTY - The method involves crushing biodegradable plastic bag (13) containing organic refuse (12) and sorting the bag from the organic refuse. Primary and secondary fermentation tanks (4,5) are provided for performing fermentation of the material which composes the bag and thereby decomposing the bag.    USE - For processing biodegradable plastic bags used for collecting organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - A good quality compost is produced. Quantity of residue generated in the process and output outside the composting plant is made minimum. Two types of compost are obtained by processing the bag containing organic refuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing apparatus of biodegradable plastic bags containing organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the biodegradable plastic bag processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Primary and secondary fermentation tanks (4,5)    Organic refuse (12)    Biodegradable plastic bag (13)
NOVELTY - Cylindrical combustion space wall (2) of main section (1), consists of flame holding tube (21), heat insulation multilayer board (22) and water cooled layer (23) arranged sequentially from inner side to outer side. A heat exchanger (5) which is used to vaporize liquid fuel, is located at downstream side of combustion space (11) of main section.    USE - For performing partial combustion of liquid fuel such as methanol, ammonia in order to generate combustible gas for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The flame is stably generated because inner side of space wall, is maintained at high temperature and outer side of space wall is maintained at low temperature. The burner is simple and compact, since heat exchanger is integrally formed. The rating of heat exchanger is increased because temperature of waste gas is reduced by mixing waste gas with water vapor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross section of burner. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Main section (1)    Cylindrical combustion space wall (2)    Heat exchanger (5)    Combustion space (11)    Flame holding tube (21)    Heat insulation multilayer board (22)    Water cooled layer (23)
NOVELTY - Each cell has electrodes that are formed on both sides of the electrolyte film. The cells are supported between the separators that have gas supply grooves (241,251). Oxidizing agent gas and fuel gas are supplied to electrodes through respective grooves. A long slot is formed in separator corresponding to lower end of groove in gas flow direction.    USE - For regulating water jam of gas passageway in fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Improves characteristic of fuel battery, by enabling uniform flow of gas to electrodes. Prevents water jam in gas passageway.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The cells are sealed by the sealants arranged between cells and separators. The absorption material is arranged in long slot.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of separator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Oxidizing agent gas (241)    Fuel gas (251)
NOVELTY - The analytical technique is based on the difference in protonic affinity between, on the one hand, the molecules of a discharge gas and molecules of the gas to be analyzed, and on the other hand, between the impurities and the gas molecules to be analyzed.    USE - The method is particularly useful for the detection of impurities present in oxygen.    ADVANTAGE - The installation provides a more efficient ionization of the impurities to be analyzed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The installation comprises an ionization chamber supplied with a discharge gas and equipped with a discharge electrode at a discharge voltage suitable for ionization of the discharge gas. The electrode comprises a hollow metallic needle defining a channel for the supply of the gas to be analyzed.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the ionization process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 illustrates the system, comprising an ionization chamber and an expansion chamber.    Continuous supply of discharge gas and purge (22, 24)    Metallic tungsten electrode (26)    High voltage source (28)    Insulating sleeve (29)    Calibrated orifice (30)    Baffle for stifling flow (32)    Electrodes connected to a variable potential to separate the ionic species produced in the ionization chamber (38)    Vacuum pump (20)
NOVELTY - A large-scale composting container has a floor with air inlets and a removable cover (7). Air is forced through the compost either by pump action from below, or suction (24) action from above, with air emerging through upper outlets (22). The removable cover has a surrounding air-tight seal.    USE - Municipal composting container bank. The rigid cover minimizes the formation of air passages within the composting mass as a consequence of sudden expansion/compression.    ADVANTAGE - The rigid cover promotes uniform composting throughout the organic mass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The removable cover is especially fabricated with no ability to change shape by upward inflation as a result of an increase in internal air pressure, or depress inwards as a result of a reduction in container internal pressure. The containers are assembled in adjacent banks or batteries. The air may be forced through the composting residues either from the top down, or from the bottom up. The air pressure above the compost is regulated to be approx. equal to atmospheric pressure. The removable cover is fitted with air pipes and snap-fit unions. Prior to removal of the cover, the air pressure inside the container is raised slightly. The cover corners are positioned by corner guides (27). The cover is lifted and replaced using a lift-lock fitting (30) with grab (31), and cleaned by a revolving brush unit (34).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric sketch of a container battery with a cutaway view of one container.    Container (1)    composting mass (11)    perforated floor (9)    chamber (22)    air outlet (22)    pump (23)    brush (34)    grab (31)    lifting unit (30)
NOVELTY - Biostabilization system for treating the humid component of an organic portion of waste comprises biostabilizing the waste through an exothermic oxidation reaction which comprises insufflating external ambient air rich in gases, i.e. oxygen and nitrogen, into a trapezoidally shaped heap of wastes.    USE - Used for treating the organic portion of solid wastes to produce a compost of high quality (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The system provides good results both at the level of release of smells, bacteria, fungus hyphae and percolates, and in terms of processing speed, volumes of materials to be treated and volumes of compost material. The system is effective with all wastes that presents even a minimum portion of organic component (i.e., urban solid wastes, sludge, algae, agroindustrial wastes or dung), and can process high quantities of materials. It is ecologically compatible and tolerable because it fully complies with the requirements of the law on waste disposal and environment. The system produces compost of high quality in a limited production time. It favors the user in terms of plant management, costs, volumes of material processes, and quality achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows wastes arranged in trapezoidal heaps with a maximum height of 3 meters, an optimum width of 7 meters and a maximum depth of 50 meters on a waterproof concrete bed having ducts embedded on the surface.
NOVELTY - A process for simultaneously producing: (1) a syngas product having a H2/CO (hydrogen/carbon monoxide) ratio of less than 2.5; and, (2) an H2 gas product comprises increasing the amount of CO2 (carbon dioxide) being fed to a secondary reformer with CO2 extracted from: (a) an effluent from a primary reformer; and, (b) an effluent from the secondary reformer.    USE - Simultaneous production of syngas and H2.    ADVANTAGE - The integrated process produces CO-rich syngas and pure H2 by processing the partial (i.e. side) stream from the primary reformer effluent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus to perform the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic flow chart of the syngas/H2 production process.    Primary reformer (22)    Pressure swing absorption vessel (38)    Secondary reformer (42)
NOVELTY - A process for preparing mycose from fermented waste, including the yeast mud from production of beer and spirit, and dried active yeast dust from production of bread or brewing wine, includes such steps as reasonable extraction, purifying and crystallizing. Obtained mycose has high purity up to 98.5% or more and can be used in vaccine, medicine and biological test reagent fields.
(CN1302810-A)   NOVELTY - Obtaining DNA from fish spermatogonium comprises disrupting the spermatogonium and adding ethanol solution to precipitate the DNA.    USE - The method is used for obtaining DNA from fish, preferably squid or pollack, spermatogonium (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method allows DNA to be obtained in a large scale because the spermatogonium contains a larger amount of DNA than any other materials do. The new method allows DNA to be obtained, avoiding the environmental and other problems of conventional techniques.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Obtaining DNA from fish spermatogonium comprises:    (a) disrupting the spermatogonium in an alkaline solution of pH 8 - 12 that contains more than 1 mol of salts, to produce a milky-white colloid and separate DNA from protamines; and    (b) adding ethanol solution to the mixture of (a) to precipitate DNA.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a liquid manure comprising the residual by-product solution after separation of DNA from the solution obtained by disrupting fish spermatogonium and then treating with the alkaline solution of pH8 - 12.