NOVELTY - Treatment of a hydrocarbon containing formation comprises providing heat from heat source(s) to at least a portion of the formation, transferring heat to a selected section of the formation, controlling the heat so that the average temperature within at least a majority of the selected section of the formation is less than 375degreesC, and producing a mixture from the formation.    USE - The inventive method is used for treating a hydrocarbon containing formation (e.g. formation containing coal including lignite and sapropelic coal, oil shale, carbonaceous shale, shungites, kerogen and oil in a low permeability matrix, heavy hydrocarbons, asphaltites, natural mineral waxes, and formation where kerogen is blocking production of other hydrocarbons) in situ. The heated formation can be used to produce synthesis gas that can be converted to heavier condensable hydrocarbons, e.g. paraffins for producing other products, e.g. diesel, jet fuel, and naphtha products. The hydrocarbons can be used as energy resources, as feedstocks, and as consumer products. The synthesis gas can be used in a catalytic methanation process to product methane, and in the production of methanol, gasoline, and diesel fuel, ammonia, and middle distillates. It can be used to heat the formation as a combustion fuel, and for synthesizing organic and/or inorganic compounds, e.g. hydrocarbons and ammonia. It can be used to generate electricity to power electrical heater, and in an energy generation unit, e.g. molten carbonate fuel cell, a solid oxide fuel cell, or other type of fuel cell. Hydrogen in produced synthesis gas may be used to upgrade oil. (All claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The invention economically produces hydrocarbons, hydrogen, and/or other products from hydrocarbon containing formations. It reduces energy input costs and yields high quality hydrocarbon products, hydrogen, and other products. It increases production of selected products. It increases the strength of the rock in the formation, and increases absorptive capacity of the formation. Sequestering fluid within formation may result in a reduction or elimination of fluid that is released to the environment due to operation of the in situ conversion process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) an in situ method for producing H2 from a hydrocarbon containing formation comprising:    (1) transferring heat from the heat sources to a portion of the formation; and    (2) producing a mixture from the formation in which a hydrogen partial pressure within the mixture is greater than 0.5 bar;    (2) a method of installing a heater well into a hydrocarbon containing formation comprising:    (1) forming a bore in the ground using a steerable motor and an accelerometer; and    (2) providing a heating mechanism within the bore such that the heating mechanism can transfer heat to a portion of the formation;    (3) a system for heating a hydrocarbon containing formation comprising:    (1) a heater disposed in an opening in the formation;    (2) an oxidizing fluid source; and    (3) a conduit disposed in the opening for providing an oxidizing fluid from the oxidizing fluid source to a reaction zone in the formation during use;    (4) an in situ method for heating a hydrocarbon containing formation comprising:    (1) heating a portion of the formation to a predetermined temperature to support reaction of hydrocarbons within the portion of the formation with an oxidizing fluid;    (2) providing the oxidizing fluid to a reaction zone in the formation;    (3) allowing the oxidizing fluid to react with the portion of the hydrocarbons at the reaction zone to generate heat at the reaction zone; and    (4) transferring the generated heat by conduction from the reaction zone to a pyrolysis zone in the formation;    (5) a composition produced from a portion of a hydrocarbon containing formation, comprising:    (1) less than 10 wt.% olefin; and    (2) less than 35 average carbon number;    (6) a method for in situ production of synthesis gas (823) from a hydrocarbon containing formation comprising:    (1) heating a section of the formation to a certain temperature to allow synthesis gas generation;    (2) providing a synthesis gas generating fluid (821) to the section to generate synthesis gas; and    (3) removing synthesis gas from the formation;    (7) a method for in situ production of energy from a hydrocarbon containing formation comprising:    (1) providing heat from heat sources to a portion of the formation;    (2) allowing the heat to transfer from the heat sources to a selected section of the formation;    (3) producing pyrolysis products from the formation;    (4) providing a portion of the pyrolysis products to a reformer to generate synthesis gas;    (5) producing the synthesis gas from the reformer;    (6) providing a portion of the produced synthesis gas to a fuel cell to produce electricity; and    (7) storing a portion of the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide containing exit stream in a subsurface formation; and    (8) a method of forming a spent portion of formation within a hydrocarbon containing formation, comprising:    (1) heating a first portion of the formation to pyrolyze hydrocarbons within the first portion and to establish a substantially uniform permeability within the first portion; and    (2) cooling the first portion.    (9) a method of sequestering carbon dioxide within a hydrocarbon containing formation comprising heating a portion of the formation to increase permeability and form a uniform permeability within the portion, cooling the portion, and storing carbon dioxide within the portion.    (10) a method for producing ammonia using a carbon containing formation comprising:    (1) separating air to produce an oxygen-rich stream and a nitrogen-rich stream;    (2) heating a selected section of the formation to a predetermined temperature to support reaction of carbon-containing material in the formation to form synthesis gas;    (3) providing synthesis gas generating fluid and a portion of the oxygen rich stream to the selected section;    (4) allowing the synthesis gas generating fluid and oxygen in the oxygen-rich stream to react with a portion of the carbon-containing material in the formation to generate synthesis gas;    (5) producing synthesis gas from the formation, in which the synthesis gas comprises hydrogen and carbon monoxide;    (6) providing a portion of the hydrogen in the synthesis gas to an ammonia synthesis process;    (7) providing nitrogen to the ammonia synthesis process; and    (8) using the ammonia synthesis process to generate ammonia.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the invention using pyrolysis water to generate synthesis gas in a formation.    Heat sources (801)    Electrical heaters (803)    Section of the formation (805, 819)    Pyrolyzed fluids ((807)    Aqueous stream (811)    Gas stream (813)    Liquid stream (815)    Synthesis gas (823)    Production well (825)