TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - Preferred Method: The product comprising biosurfactants, water and carrying hydrocarbon is introduced in the mud or dregs by shaking the content of the tanks through adjustable nozzles and recirculation pumps. After a period of suitable recirculation and a constant monitoring by laboratory tests, the shaking will be interrupted and the content of the tank will be divided into three phases containing layers of regenerated hydrocarbons, water and residual sediments. The hydrocarbons present since the beginning are extracted and regenerated. Oil and water are separately removed according to their respective destinations. A cleaning operation is then performed. The process comprises the following phases: fluidizing, addition, emulsification of hydrocarbons and circulation, separation of the phases or de-emulsification, and final cleaning. The fluid phase includes introducing the hydrocarbons determined for fluid. A first fluid shaking is performed, with the biosurfactants, for a predetermined time. The addition phase includes injecting water mixed with the biosurfactants (through recirculation and/or mixing tanks, and nozzles). The emulsification of the hydrocarbons and circulation phase involves:(a) performing the recirculation for a predetermined time, through the pumps;(b) taking sample in the morning and during the night;(c) regulating the water quantity to obtain the correct relationship for regenerating the hydrocarbons;(d) interrupting the water level determined through sounding or a water revealing paste, for 24 hours or for as long as it has been predetermined;(e) adding or mixing crude oil or gas oil for a predetermined time on a simulation basis; and(f) following to laboratory tests and to the worked out data, using the tools for the treatment of the tank (interface sucking between the hydrocarbon and the water phase).The separation of the phases or de-emulsification phase is performed for at least 24 hours (or for a predetermined time and/or for a period determined in the treatment phase). The separation process takes place, or until the complete separation is obtained and the hydrocarbons are transferred into a tank of appropriate dimensions. The interface is transferred into a tank of appropriate dimension, eventually passing through API-separators. The water (after a COD-test and an oil-content test) is led to a depuration or discharge section.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOTECHNOLOGY - Preferred Component: The ramnolipids are RLL or R1 (alpha-L-ramnopiranosil-alpha-L-ramonopiranosil-beta-hydroxidecanoil-beta-hydrox idecanoate), or RRLL or R2 (2-O-alpha-L-ramnopiranosil-alpha-L-ramnopiranosil-beta-hydroxidecanoil-beta-hydroxidecanoate).