NOVELTY - An energy supply station comprises: (i) chemical converter(s) to receive fuel and for processing the fuel to form an output medium including carbon dioxide; (ii) a separation stage for separating a chemical component from the output medium; (iii) a collection element in liquid circuit with the separation stage for collecting the carbon dioxide; and (iv) a vehicle interface for interfacing-with the vehicle.    USE - For converting hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and/or electricity for delivery to a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The device has operational efficiency, cost-effectiveness and versatility. It has also environmental advantage-zero emission of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides or carbon dioxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic block diagram illustrating the process flow of the reactants and exhaust in a low emission energy supply station.
NOVELTY - A coiled filament (4) provided with a substrate (7) with catalytic coating (8), is placed in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chamber (1). Air present in the chamber is evacuated and the filament is heated and a bias voltage is applied between the filament and substrate. A reactant gas is introduced into the chamber and pyrolyzed, to deposit carbon nanotubes on the substrate.    USE - For forming carbon nanotubes for use in fuel cells, emission devices, catalysts, filtration and purification, and sensors and microelectro-mechanical manufacturing systems technology.    ADVANTAGE - The method forms densely-packed carbon nanotubes by a batch process. The carbon nanotubes are formed in a high-density, close-packed configuration to enable large-scale production. The carbon nanotubes are densely-packed and can be easily separated from the substrate without damage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for apparatus for forming carbon nanotubes which has a CVD chamber, inlet (2) for reactant gas, substrate holder (6) and heater for pyrolyzing the reactant gas. The heater comprises a coiled filament and the holder is electrically biased to the coiled filament.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of an apparatus used for forming carbon nanotubes on a single substrate.    chemical vapor deposition chamber (1)    gas inlet (2)    coiled filament (4)    substrate holder (6)    substrate (7)    catalytic coating (8)
NOVELTY - The method involves exposing a first stream of fuel (11) to an aqueous fluid (14) to produce a second stream of fuel at a first pressure. The moisture content of second stream is greater than that of first stream. The second stream is pressurized to produce a third stream of fuel at a second pressure higher than the first pressure. The third stream is fed into a reactor to produce a hydrogen-rich stream.    USE - For forming a hydrogen-rich stream for use in fuel cell in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances efficiency of fuel processing system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a hydrogen-rich stream forming system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic block diagram of fuel cell system.    First stream of fuel (11)    Aqueous fluid (14)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack includes unitized planar fuel cells (10) which are juxtaposed to and angularly offset from one another. A manifold assembly disposed below the fuel cells, supplies gas such as an oxidant to the cells.    USE - Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved stacking and manifolding of the fuel cell. Minimizes the footprint of the fuel cell stack by incorporating the unitized fuel cells. Allows easy connection and disconnection of gases to the stack by the suitable design of fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell stacking method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of an unitized fuel cell.    planar fuel cells (10)
NOVELTY - An aerosol solvent weld cement comprises (in weight %); (1) polymer resin(s) (14.5-20); (2) solvent(s) (30-75) in which polymer resin can be dissolved; and (3) aerosol propellant(s) (10-50).    USE - For joining plastic pipes such as polyvinyl chloride and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, commonly used as underground water pipe.    ADVANTAGE - The aerosol solvent weld cement can be stored in an aerosol container which is not open for solvent evaporation, oxidation or physical contamination, without gelling. The cement can be dispensed by the aerosol unit, can be easily and uniformly applied using one hand, and cannot be spilled by the user, thereby contamination of the ground is prevented. The weld cement can be quickly applied and thereby provides additional working time or set up time before the weld cement hardens. The cement also allows the user a longer set up time to complete the joints as compared to the conventional swab application method, and it is not vulnerable to solvent loss and hence gelling, oxidation or physical contamination.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method of making an aerosol solvent weld cement composition which involves combining polymer resin(s), solvent(s) and aerosol propellant(s). The solvent weld cement resists gelling when stored in and dispensed from an aerosol container; and    (2) an aerosol solvent weld cement comprises (in weight %);    (i) at least one polymer resin (14.5-16.0);    (ii) at lest one solvent in which the polymer resin can be dissolved (30-75);    (iii) at least one aerosol propellant (20-40);    (iv) at least one viscosity modifier/flow control agent (2.5-4.5); and    (v) at least one organo tin compound (0.25-1.00).
NOVELTY - A method for producing feed additives for domestic animals is provided, thereby increasing productivity and immunity of domestic animals and improving meat quality of domestic animals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for producing feed additives for domestic animals comprises the steps of: inserting 1 ton of rice bran and 40 to 60 kg of pulverized pine tree leaves into a fermenter, and mixing them for 30 minutes to 1 hour; inserting 8 to 20 liter of liquid type of mineral preparation, 5 to 10 kg of glucose and 2 to 4 kg of microorganisms into a water tank containing 180 liter of water and mixing them; mixing the liquid mixture with the mixture of rice bran and pine tree leaves in the fermenter; and fermenting the mixture at relative humidity of 40 to 60% and 40 to 50 deg. C for 3 to 4 days and maturing it, wherein the liquid type of mineral preparation contains CaOSiO2Al2O3, Na2OAl2O3SiO2, Na2OSiO2, K2OSiO2, NaHCO3, K2CO3, Na2CO3, zinc oxide, selenium and germanium dioxide; and the microorganism includes Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus oryzae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
NOVELTY - A system for treating wastewater and sewage which is not affected by change of temperature and supplies great condition for activation of microorganisms by reclaiming fermentation and storage tanks into the ground is provided to purify wastewater and sewage more easily and quickly and to reduce expenses of building.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises the following steps: storage of wastewater and sewage in storage tank(101) reclaimed into the ground; inflow of water, which overflows from storage tank, into inflow tank(103) reclaimed into the ground passing by guidance pipe(102); inflow of water, which overflows from inflow tank, into fermentation tank(104); activation of microorganisms by dosage of microorganisms to fermentation tank; inflow of water, which overflows from fermentation tank, into storage tank(105); activation of microorganisms by inflow of water into many storage tanks(105).
NOVELTY - A water-vapor mixing apparatus includes a thin-plate laminated structure (300) having several dividing-wall and flow-path plates (330,340) arranged alternately. A reformed gas flow-path and a water flow-path are provided at the flow-path plate. The water flowing in the water flow-path is heated by reformed gas, such that the generated water vapor flows in the reformed-gas path.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The size of the fuel reformer is reduced, since the water-vapor mixing apparatus includes the thin-plate laminated structure. The heat exchange is performed efficiently by the reformed-gas flow-path and water flow-path.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) water-vapor mixing apparatus; and    (2) water-vapor mixing apparatus manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of the thin-plate laminated structure. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    thin-plate laminated structure (300)    dividing-wall plate (330)    flow-path plate (340)
NOVELTY - A carbon packed container (3) is immersed in a coolant container (5) which is surrounded by a heat insulating container (7).    USE - Hydrogen storage container.    ADVANTAGE - Enables storage of large quantity of hydrogen over a long period of time, due to immersing the carbon packed container in the coolant container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen gas storage container.    Carbon packed container (3)    Coolant container (5)    Heat insulating container (7)
NOVELTY - An inlet is provided between a gas-liquid mixing vaporizer (12) and modification catalysts (14,15). A high temperature gas ventilation is arranged adjacent to the modification catalysts, which takes high temperature gas produced by combustion of mixed fuel and ventilates it.    USE - Reformer for producing reformed gas from fuel containing hydrocarbon.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel is reformed efficiently by maintaining temperature of modification catalyst to preset range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the modifier.    gas-liquid mixing vaporizer (12)    modification catalysts (14,15)
NOVELTY - A pair of electrodes are provided on both sides of a solid electrolyte used as an ionic conductor. The transmittance of n-butane gases, provided into an electrolyte is different. The electrodes has predetermined permselectivity for varying the composition of the gases arriving at the solid electrolyte surface.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Large electric power is obtained, even when mixed gas is applied to both electrodes. Gas is efficiently supplied to the electrodes.
NOVELTY - Reformed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide is supplied continuously or intermittently on a selective oxidation catalyst (12) comprising platinum, ruthenium or iridium, supported on a carrier comprising active metal like zeolite. The catalyst is always made to contact the reformed gas in presence of oxygen containing gas.    USE - For removing carbon monoxide in reformed gas from methanol reformer used in fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - High activity of catalyst is maintained for long duration and selective oxidation is performed with high efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of carbon monoxide removal method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst (12)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen comprises thermally decomposing a lower hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst containing nickel supported on zeolite.    USE - For producing hydrogen for use in chemical industries.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacture of hydrogen from hydrocarbon is efficient and involves moderate reaction conditions. The catalytic activity is maintained for a long time and no by-products are produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Zeolite: The zeolite is a USY-type zeolite.
NOVELTY - A natural gas is produced by vaporizing a liquefied natural gas. Hydrogen gas is manufactured from the natural gas. Hydrogen liquefying process uses the vaporization latent heat of a portion of liquefied natural gas for cooling the hydrogen gas and the hydrogen gas is liquefied, to produce a liquid hydrogen.    USE - For manufacturing liquid hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid hydrogen is manufactured effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing system of liquid hydrogen comprising liquefied natural gas vaporizer (12), hydrogen gas manufacturing apparatus and hydrogen liquefier (20). The liquefier has a heat exchange portion (22) which vaporizes the liquefied natural gas by exchanging heat with hydrogen gas, and cools the hydrogen gas. The natural gas produced in the heat exchange portion is introduced to the hydrogen gas manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above liquid hydrogen manufacturing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    liquefied natural gas vaporizer (12)    hydrogen liquefier (20)    heat exchange portion (22)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack (11) is arranged between the vehicle base plate (15) and the floor board (16) of a compartment. A fuel storage unit (12) is arranged behind the fuel cell stack.    USE - For industrial applications, and for use in vehicles such as car, bus, truck, and as power source of satellite and spacecraft.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces height of the fuel cell, and maintains suitable gap between vehicle and ground.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell stack (11)    fuel cell storage unit (12)    vehicle base plate (15)    floor board (16)
NOVELTY - An air introduction duct (25) extends from upper face of an air supply chamber (17) and connects an ejection opening of an air supply fan (26) and an air inlet provided at upper face of the air supply chamber.    USE - For domestic electricity generator, satellite, space craft, vehicles such as passenger car, bus and truck.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents water sprayed from the air supply chamber from entering into the air introduction duct and air supply fan.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of the fuel cell apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    air supply chamber (17)    air introduction duct (25)    air supply fan (26)
NOVELTY - The fuel-cell apparatus has fuel-cells (11) connected to an air supply chamber and air ejection chamber (18). A sump pump (14) is arranged in the middle of a water ejection pipeline which connects a water tank (13) to the air ejection chamber.    USE - Used as power source for satellite, spacecraft, vehicle such as passenger car, bus, truck, etc. Also for industrial and domestic electricity generator.    ADVANTAGE - The water tank is arranged in arbitrary location separated from the fuel-cell, thus the water ejected from the airflow path of the fuel-cell is efficiently suppressed and the rebound of water into the airflow path is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the fuel-cell apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel-cells (11)    water tank (13)    sump pump (14)    air ejection chamber (18)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell apparatus includes an air transduction duct (25) continued with a connection portion (25a), provided between an air supply fan (26) and an air supply chamber (17) of fuel cell stack (11). A connection duct (19) connects the air supply chamber with a fuel storage unit (12). The fuel apparatus is provided along the width of a vehicle and has width of 1/2 or more even if fuel cell stack is small.    USE - Fuel cell apparatus used as power source of satellite, space craft, for industrial use, domestic electricity generator and also for vehicle such as passenger car, bus, truck.    ADVANTAGE - Sufficient amount of air is provided to the fuel cell whose output is increased and stabilized. The pressure loss of air flow within the apparatus is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal portion of the fuel cell apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell stack (11)    fuel storage unit (12)    air supply chamber (17)    connection duct (19)    air transduction duct (25)    connection portion (25a)    air supply fan (26)
NOVELTY - The ratio of the ternary catalyst (5) and the ratio of the hydrocarbon absorbent (7) of the respective two-stage catalytic converters (3,4) serially arranged in the exhaust path are reduced continuously from entrance side to outlet side.    USE - For exhaust gas purification of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves purification capability without increasing the manufacturing cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts an explanatory view of the exhaust gas purifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    two-stage catalytic converters (3,4)    ternary catalyst (5)    hydrocarbon absorbent (7)
NOVELTY - The impurities in hydrogen containing gas from chemical conversion installation is adsorbed and removed. The gas is cooled using several heat exchangers (10a,10b) alternately, and the hydrogen gas is separated and refined.    USE - For purifying hydrogen containing gas from chemical conversion installations such as iron mill and chemical plants.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen containing gas is easily purified without reducing hydrogen purification efficiency. The impurities adhering to the conduction region is decomposed and removed easily without completely suspending hydrogen gas purifier, by using several heat exchangers. The purifier is operated continuously without causing decrease in hydrogen purification efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for purifying hydrogen containing gas, which has adsorption-removal installation, cooling installation (9) equipped with heat exchangers, and refiner for refining, separating and recovering hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart for purifying hydrogen-containing gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    cooling installation (9)    heat exchangers (10a,10b)
NOVELTY - Water (9) and insoluble liquid material (7) are laminated in a pressure container (1). A natural gas (6) is filled in the container and the container is pressurized. Water is sprayed towards the boundary surface of natural gas phase and insoluble liquid material which exist out of natural gas phase and H-shaped clathrate hydrate (8) is obtained. The water circulating density is made small in the container.    USE - For production of H-shaped clathrate hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - The clathrate hydrate is produced efficiently. As storage and transportation of natural gas is easier, production of clathrate hydrate at desired temperature and pressure is enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows typical sectional drawing of apparatus used for producing clathrate hydrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction container (1)    natural gas (6)    insoluble liquid material (7)    clathrate hydrate (8)    water (9)
NOVELTY - The organosulfur-compound-containing liquid oil is processed by an oxidizing agent. The processed liquid oil is then sequentially contacted with absorbents (I,II) which are used as desulfurizing agents (I,II).    USE - For desulfurizing organosulfur-compound-containing liquid oils for hydrogen manufacture (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The desulfurization method efficiently removes the sulfur content in organosulfur-compound-containing liquid oils, by using absorbents having excellent durability. The processed desulfurized organosulfur-compound-containing liquid oil enables effective manufacture of hydrogen used for fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organosulfur-compound-containing liquid oil is natural gas, alcohol, ether, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), naphtha, gasoline, lamp oil, light oil, fuel oil, asphaltene oil, oil-sand oil, coal liquid, petroleum type heavy oil, shale oil, waste-plastic oil and/or biofuel. The oxidizing agent is oxygen, air, nitrogen tetroxide, ozone, chlorine, bromine, metasodium periodide, potassium dichromate, potassium permanganate, chromic acid anhydride and/or hypochlorus acid. The absorbent is silica, alumina, silica-alumina, zeolite, titania, zirconia, magnesia, zinc oxide, clay, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon and/or insoluble synthetic resin. Desulfurizing agent (II) contains nickel, silver, chrome, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, zinc, palladium, iridium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium and/or gold.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacture.
NOVELTY - A sludge drying machine (5) dries a dewatered sludge, forcibly and obtains a dry sludge of predetermined moisture content. A fermenter (11) ferments the dry sludge supplied by the sludge drying machine.    USE - For producing compost for fields of sludges.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to reduce moisture content of sludges to suit fermentation process without using water content adjustment agents such as sawdust and hence it shortens fermentation time and simplifies process of treatment of sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of sludge fermentation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Sludge drying machine (5)    Fermenter (11)
NOVELTY - The hoods (20,20b) are provided to the upper surface of a carriage (5) which is passed through a branch pipe (47) provided with a valve (48). The branch pipe is connected to an exhaust blower. The opening of valve operation is interlocked with the movement of the carriage so that the valve is opened during the passage of hood through the front portion of branch pipe to suck exhaust gas released from the sediment.    USE - For use in fermentation processing device used for organic waste, organic refuse, sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents presence of humidity by performing suction removal gas containing water vapor and odor to ensure a high temperature fermentation process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top view of the exhaust gas removal device.    Carriage (5)    Hoods (20,20b)    Branch pipe (47)    Valve (48)
NOVELTY - Refuse processing apparatus comprises a treatment tank (2) which has a pair of moving blade assemblies (3A,3B). The degree of the setting angle and phase of each pair of composite blades (7a,7b) in blade assembly are shiftable.    USE - Refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces processing time, as the setting angle and phase of blades in each blade assembly, are shiftable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially notched elevation of refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (2)    Moving blade assemblies (3A,3B)    Composite blades (7a,7b)
NOVELTY - A sprinkler system (21) is in the top portion of a filter (20) for exhaust gas from a treatment tank (2). The sprinkler system sprinkles water through the filter and into the treatment tank.    USE - For preventing clogging of exhaust gas filter of organic refuse disposer, which processes organic refuse from e.g. restaurant, food processing industry and home.    ADVANTAGE - Removes the particles adhering to the filter surface, by sprinkling water through the filter and into the treatment tank. Hence, the floating of particles in the treatment tank is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional side view of the above organic refuse disposer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Treatment tank (2)    Filter (20)    Sprinkler system (21)
NOVELTY - Manufacturing L-lactic acid involves producing pyruvic acid from the component contained in foodstuff waste material and subjecting it to enzymatic reaction using lactate dehydrogenase.    USE - For producing L-lactic acid.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively produces the high yield and high purity of L-lactic acid.
NOVELTY - A continuous flexible band (6) which is porous and able to oxidize in the presence of oxygen or be reduced in the presence of hydrogen is driven through a series of vertical compartments which alternately contain oxygen and hydrogen and have a bath (11) of a catalytic solution at the base. The band slides over plates (12) in each compartment which have anodes (4) and cathodes (5).    USE - As fuel cell    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell is of simple efficient design and is compact and light in relation to the power output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the continuous band and electrodes    Anodes and cathodes (4,5)    Continuous flexible band (6)    Catalytic bath (11)    Plates (12)
NOVELTY - The construction unit (1) consists of a distributor (2), a collector (3) and a reactor (4). The distributor and collector include distributing and dividing valves to present and receive input and output material flows (A,B,C) (A',B',C'). At a particular time the input flows may be natural gas, air/oxygen and a rinsing/cooling material to give fuel rich in hydrogen, oxides of carbon and an inert gas but they vary between channels over time to optimize the use of heat    USE - To produce a flow of fuel rich in hydrogen which is suitable for use in static or mobile fuel cells    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen rich fuel is produced continuously and the equipment is compact and hence particularly suitable for mobile applications    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for:    Method of catalytic decomposition of primary material to give an intermediate product and a flow of fuel rich in hydrogen    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the construction unit    Construction unit (1)    Distributor (2)    Collector (3)    Reactor (4)    Input flows (A,B,C)    Output flows (A',B',C')
NOVELTY - The diaphragm pump (70) has a piston (90) over which a rubber diaphragm (92) is attached to divide the inner space into two parts (102,104). Two Hall effect sensors (106,108) are mounted on the top and bottom of the pump and a magnet (110) is mounted on the piston (90). As the piston moves up and down the sensors detect the approach of the magnet and transmit signals to activate a switch (62) which controls the anode gas valve.    USE - To continuously collects hydrogen discharged from the fuel cell    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates conventional hydrogen pump, electrical losses are reduced, efficiency of power generation is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An independent claim is included for an anode stream recirculation system for a fuel cell    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic drawing of gas recirculation system with diaphragm pump    Switch (62)    Pump (70)    Piston (90)    Diaphragm (92)    Inner space (102,104)    Sensors (106,108)    Magnet (110)
NOVELTY - An expandable metal shell (12) is passed through an outer casing (24) to divide a receiving chamber. A quick connector is attached to a gas discharge valve device of a pressurized bottle (22). A seal (29,30) is provided between two ends of outer casing and metal shell. The pressurized bottle is inserted through inner compartment and exert forces to expand metal shell and closely contact the metal shell.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Attains high energy conversion efficiency, clean exhaust, low noise and no consumption of traditional gasoline. Has improved seal that prevent leakage of hot water within the outer compartment. Improves heat conductivity between heat source and hydrogen source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an enhanced heat conductive device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic cross-section of a hydrogen source supply device using the enhanced heat conductive device.    Expandable metal shell (12)    Pressurized bottle (22)    Outer casing (24)    Seal (29,30)
NOVELTY - Reinforced, prefabricated, modular concrete vessel, for horizontal, continuous-flow digester, comprises a trough section (4), supported by the base panel (1) and rests against right- and left walls (3) constrained by tie bars (5). Lower thirds of the walls include a trapezoidal cut-out, such that they terminate in two columns. These are anchored at the strip foundation (2).    USE - As concrete vessel assembly, for a continuous-flow horizontal digester.    ADVANTAGE - The novel digester has known advantages over the vertical cylindrical digester, but until now, could not be prefabricated as modular sections. Its cross section is ideal for the process, and it can be built from sections on site to form vessels with large volume e.g. 500-1000 m3.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Reinforced, prefabricated, modular concrete vessel, for horizontal, continuous-flow digester, comprises a trough section (4), supported by the base panel (1) and rests against right- and left walls (3) constrained by tie bars (5). Lower thirds of the walls include a trapezoidal cut-out, such that they terminate in two columns. These are anchored at the strip foundation (2). Trough section, wall, base panel and strip foundation have identical length. They can be joined together end-to-end, to form a continuous row.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through a modular unit, including the central impeller.    base panel (1)    strip foundation (2)    right- and left walls (3)    trough section (4)    straps and tie bars (5)
NOVELTY - A device (1) generates a flow of steam (4) for wetting a fuel cell unit (2). A first feeder element (15) fits between an outlet opening for the device and an inlet opening for the fuel cell unit in order to feed a flow of steam in. The device maintains a continuous thermally conductive contact with the fuel cell unit in order to generate a flow of steam.    USE - For driving motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Both structural costs and amount of energy/power to be applied are distinctly reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side-view diagram of a section of a fuel cell unit with a wetting device.    Device for generating a flow of steam (1)    Fuel cell unit (2)    First feeder element (15)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell device has a water tank (1) for supplying water as the fuel to a fuel cell (2) performing an electrochemical process for provision of current, heat and exhaust water vapor, with a condenser (4) for the water vapor on the output side of the fuel cell. The condensed water can be collected in a container (5), or directly discharged onto the ground and a heat exchanger can be associated with the condenser.    USE - The fuel cell device is used for current generation, e.g. for an electric propulsion drive.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents discharge of large quantities of water vapor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell device.    Water tank (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Condenser (4)    Container (5)
NOVELTY - Areas (1a) for substances for selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in a gas stream (A) are heated up by a good heat-conductive contact between areas (1b) for coolants and the areas for substances for selective oxidation. This heating-up process occurs because of thermal energy arising near catalytically active substances. After a cold start phase, a second valve (10b) in a bypass (9) for an anode chamber (3b) is shut off while a first valve (10a) is to be opened.    USE - This system may be used for a fuel cell facility in a motor vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The cooling areas are permeated by anode and/or cathode exhaust gas from the fuel cell acting as a cooling substance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows part of a basic flow diagram of the present invention.    Gas stream (A)    Area for a substance for selective oxidation of carbon monoxide (1a)    Area for coolants (1b)    Anode chamber (3b)    Bypass (9)    First valve (10a)    Second valve (10b)
NOVELTY - An air outlet (13) on the periphery of a second tube (10') acts as a device for conducting air out. A side borehole on each individual tube acts as an air outlet. The diameters of the boreholes in the outlet channels are designed so that they form a definite throttling point and achieve an even distribution of air in a high-power density cell. A bottom cap (15) diverts air at the end of the tubes (10,10').    USE - For generating power free from exhaust gas in solid oxide fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - In this fuel cell module with a bundle of tubes, the bottom cap acts as a combined part to divert gas and to form a cutoff with all tubes with an integrated diverting mechanism.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a simplified version of a bundle of high-power-density cells with single tubes for improved air conduction.    First tube(10') Second tube (10)    Air outlet (13)    Bottom cap (15)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to hydrogen preparation. Hydrogen is prepared through the reaction of metal aluminum powder with average size of 10 nm to 10 nm with water solution of sodium hydroxide of concentration 0.1-30 % in a reactor.    ADVANTAGE - The present invention has low material cost, easily controlled reaction speed, stable hydrogen output, no environmental pollution and other advantages and is especially suitable for hydrogen fuel battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen preparing apparatus includes liquid container, reactor, aluminum powder container, hydrogen storing tank and liquid exhaust unit connected via pipeline and valve.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to the preparation of hydrogen.    USE - For preparing hydrogen used in automobile fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The present invented process is low in hydrogen preparation cost, high in safety and the apparatus is simple in structure, and is especially suitable for in automobile with fuel battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In the vehicular hydrogen preparing process, solid matter CaH2 a/o NaBH4, catalyst containing active matter Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Mn and water are subjected to reaction. The hydrogen preparing apparatus includes reactors, liquid tanks, buffering tank, hydrogen purifier, depressing valve, flow rate measuring meter, pressure sensor, cooling tank with temperature sensor, etc. connected together, and the control signal from the circuit is fed to the controller.
NOVELTY - The device for supplying hydrogen to a main fuel cell comprises an auxiliary fuel cell of which the anode is supplied with a mixture including hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a reformer which then passes through a purifier before delivery to the anode of the main fuel cell. Part of the chemical energy of the carbon monoxide is converted to electrical energy.    USE - The invention is used as an electrical power source for the traction of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The system enables the valorization of the CO resulting from the reforming of a hydrogenated fuel such as an alcohol or hydrocarbon. An increased yield of the fuel cell is thus obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the process for supply of the gaseous mixture and its use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a form of the invention    Hydrogen processor (1)    Main fuel cell (2)    Air supply (3)    Reformer (4)    Inlet for hydrogenated fuel (5)    Auxiliary fuel cell (7)    Anode of cell (8)    Cathode of cell (9)    Auxiliary electrical supply (10)    Purifier (12)    Main anode (14)    Main cathode (15)    Main electrical circuit (16)
NOVELTY - Liquid hydrocarbons and a clean gas stream are prepared by catalytically converting a synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons; separating the obtained product stream into a light product stream including carbon dioxide, and a heavy product stream; and separating carbon dioxide from the light product stream by continuous, regenerative absorption process using a liquid absorbent.    USE - For the preparation of liquid hydrocarbons and a clean gas stream as feed and/or fuel gas for the preparation of synthesis gas and/or hydrogen in a steam hydrocarbon reforming reaction (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention produces easily manageable normally liquid and normally solid hydrocarbons. It removes at least90 vol.% of the carbon dioxide. Clean fuel gas is obtained having an increased caloric value, while also removing components which may cause problems such as coke formation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of liquid hydrocarbons and a clean gas stream comprises catalytically converting the synthesis gas at elevated temperature and pressure into liquid hydrocarbons. The product stream is separated into a light product stream comprising carbon dioxide, unconverted synthesis gas, light hydrocarbons, oxygenates, or inerts, and a heavy product stream comprising normally liquid and solid hydrocarbons. Carbon dioxide is separated from the light product stream by a physical absorption process using a liquid absorbent, preferably a continuous, regenerative absorption process.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell having an anode inlet and a cathode inlet to receive a flow of anode gas (a) from an anode inlet conduit (AIC) and cathode gas (b) from an cathode inlet conduit (CIC) respectively, a first heat exchange surface to contact the flow of (a) within (AIC), a second heat exchange surface to contact the flow of (b) within (CIC) and a coolant system to transfer heat from each of the first and second heat exchange surfaces to coolants.    USE - For controlling the temperature and relative humidity of an incoming fuel cell reactant stream.    ADVANTAGE - The system is robust and cost effective. During system warm-up, resistance to flooding in the stack is improved since the cold coolant extracts latent heat from the reactants, lowering their dew points, and sinks at least a portion of that latent heat into the stack. Warming the stack and lowering the dew points of the reactants reduces the tendency for condensate to collect in the stack. On extremely hot days when maximum power is required, the coolant temperature returning from the heat sink may increase. The higher coolant temperature reduces the effectiveness of the condensers in the fuel and oxidant streams causing the dew point of both streams to increase by roughly the same amount as the increase in coolant temperature. Increasing the dew points of the reactants greatly reduces the tendency for the stack membranes to dry out.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for operating the fuel cell system involving cooling a fuel flow having a first dew point temperature to a second temperature below the first dew point temperature, cooling an oxidant flow having a third dew point temperature to a fourth temperature below the third dew point temperature, flowing the fuel through an anode chamber of the fuel cell and flowing the antioxidant through a cathode chamber of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The ends of a metallic membrane and a tubular unit are sealed with the ends of another tubular unit, to form a membrane assembly that is encapsulated in a chamber (10). An input tube (11), connected to the assembly, directs the contaminated hydrogen gas produced by a catalytic reformer to an output tube (12). A side tube (30) connected to the chamber directs the purified hydrogen gas out of the chamber.    USE - For removing CO, CO2 and other impurities from contamination hydrogen gas produced by catalytic reformer used in RV power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Removes a contaminant from the hydrogen gas in the stream from the catalytic reformer to the fuel cell by filtration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the contaminant removal apparatus.    chamber (10)    input tube (11)    output tube (12)    side tube (30)
NOVELTY - The fluid flow plate (30) has a flow channel (34) for distributing reactant in a fuel cell, through-hole (68) fluidly connected to a fluid manifold opening (64) for facilitating transmission of fluid to the flow channel, and groove (43) for receiving a gasket.    USE - For fuel cell such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell used for converting chemical energy of fuel such as hydrogen, methanol reformate, natural gas reformate and oxidant, into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The fluid is easily passed from the fluid manifold to fluid channels directly and the leakage of fuel is prevented by providing an adequate gasket.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell formation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the fluid flow plate.    fluid flow plate (30)    flow channel (34)    groove (43)    fluid manifold opening (64)    through-hole (68)
NOVELTY - A composting device comprising a container having an aeration port (52) in the bottom, and an aeration tube protruding from the aeration port into the interior of the container, is new. The tube has a hollow core (62), and a ventilation opening(s) (64).    USE - For composting an organic material.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is effective at exposing a large mass of material to ambient air, but reduces the undesirable odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composting device for organic material by exposure to ambient air comprising a container having a side (16), a bottom (18), and an interior (14) for receiving the organic material, and having an aeration port in the bottom; and an aeration tube protruding from the aeration port into the interior of the container. The tube has a hollow core that communicates with the ambient air through the aeration port, and a ventilation opening(s). The interior of the container communicates with the ambient air through the ventilation opening and through the core.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the composting device.    Side (16)    Interior (14)    Bottom (18)    Baffles (26)    Axle (32)    Stand (40)    Aeration port (52)    Hollow core (62)    Ventilation opening (64)    Breakup bar (78).
NOVELTY - Invention relates to method of production of methanol.    USE - Organic chemistry, chemical technology.    ADVANTAGE - Improved method of production, enhanced output of process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Method of production of methanol involves stage of synthesis-gas preparing from gaseous hydrocarbons, stage of synthesis-gas compression, stage of catalytic conversion of synthesis-gas to methanol in reactor unit consisting of some catalytic reactors involving stages of heating and conversion of synthesis-gas in each reactor, stage of reaction products cooling and isolation of produced methanol after each reactor, stage of utilization of tail gases. Hydrogen produced after steam conversion of produced methanol part is mixed with synthesis-gas to form the prepared synthesis-gas in the mole ratio of hydrogen to carbon oxide in the range 1.4:1 and 3:1 followed by its feeding in reactor unit of catalytic conversion of synthesis-gas to methanol.
NOVELTY - A food waste treatment system is provided, to separate the food waste collected from a house and a restaurant into a bag, impurities and food waste and to ferment only the food waste for making it into a fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The food waste treatment system a storage tank(10); a pulverizer(20); a bag opener(30); a bag separator(40) which separates the bag from the food waste to discharge only the food waste; a vibrator(50) which separates the impurities from the food waste separated at the bag separator(40) by vibration to supply it into the impurities storage tank(31); a pre-fermentation tank(60); a compression dehydrator(70); a microorganism supply tank(80); and a screen(91), a silo and a fertilizer packaging part. The waste water generated from the storage tank(10), the pre-fermentation tank(60) and the compression dehydrator(70) are treated at a waste water disposal plant.
NOVELTY - A biological carbon dioxide fixation by chlorella sp. HA-1 using semi continuous cultivation method in photobioreactor is provided to remove a large amount of carbon dioxide from flue gas for practical use.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon dioxide fixation method includes the steps of feeding a photosynthetic strain into a tubular photobioreactor internally illuminated; introducing carbon dioxide into the photobioreactor and irradiating light thereto for the cultivation of the photosynthetic strain at constant temperature conditions; and replacing an appropriate volume of cell suspension with fresh cultivation medium when the microalgal growth is in stationary phase after exponential growth phase.
NOVELTY - A housing (14) comprises a rotor (12) which has a central cavity (12a), that is connected to a gas exhaust path through a liquid drain path (13). A trap mechanism (4) for holding a liquid by centrifugal force is formed by connecting an intermediate slanting flow path (13c) to outward and inward nodes (A, B) of inner and outer flow paths (13a, 13b) of the drain path.    USE - Used for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The gas mixed in the gas liquid mixture is separated and exhausted through a gas exhaust path while holding the liquid using the trap mechanism, by the large centrifugal force. A high sealing performance is maintained and the gas-liquid separation is performed continuously with a high efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the gas-liquid centrifugal separator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Trap mechanism (4)    Rotor (12)    Central cavity (12a)    Liquid drain path (13)    Inner flow path (13a)    Outer flow path (13b)    Intermediate slanting flow path (13c)    Housing (14)    Outward node (A)    Inward node (B)
NOVELTY - Capillary transport fuel cell is made up of set of batteries (4) between which capillary channels (6) of 10-1000 microns are formed. Battery is made up of joining two fuel cell boards (1) containing liquid fuel surface (2) and oxygen containing gas surface (3) with liquid isolation layers (5). The liquid isolation layers join the two surfaces (2,3), along the sides.    USE - For cellular phone, notebook personal computer, global position system (GPS) pager, and personal digital assistant (PDA).    ADVANTAGE - Provision of the capillary transportation fuel cell miniaturizes a battery size. Fault of fuel pump transportation and unnecessary fuel transportation pipe are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a manufacture of the capillary transportation fuel cell.    fuel cell boards (1)    liquid fuel surface (2)    gas surface (3)    batteries (4)    liquid isolation layer (5)    capillary channel (6)
NOVELTY - The system has reactors (9,10) filled with a fuel modification catalyst and a CO2 absorber to promote a fuel modification reaction and a CO2 absorption reaction from a carbon content fuel (3) and water vapor (14). The CO2 absorber which has absorbed CO2, is heated by a combustion gas (15) formed by burning a part of a modification fuel or carbon content fuel.    USE - For collecting CO2 produced accompanying combustion of carbon containing fuel such as town gas, LPG or synthetic fuel like methanol, dimethyl ether, etc., in combustion furnace, boiler, gas turbine, fuel cell, etc.    ADVANTAGE - It can be made unnecessary to use excess energy, since a combustion gas formed by burning a part of modification fuel or carbon content fuel can be used for heating CO2 absorber which has absorbed CO2, while collecting the CO2 containing in the combustion exhaust gas. The energy efficiency of a CO2 separation collection system can be improved, as compared to a case of using an amine aqueous solution. The energy efficiency of the energy generation plant using the system can be maintained high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon content fuel and water vapor are introduced into the reactors. The CO2 absorber absorbs the CO2 and generates heat, while a reaction promoter promotes the CO2 absorbing reaction and the fuel modification reaction at the same time, simultaneously to produce CO2 (5) and hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the outline structure of CO2 collection system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    carbon content fuel (3)    CO2 (5)    reactors (9,10)    water vapor (14)    combustion gas (15)
NOVELTY - Gas having methane and water vapor is supplied to layers (1,2) consisting of catalyst used in methane-water vapor modification reaction, and hydrogen, preset ratio of metallic oxide (MO) are produced by water vapor modification reaction. MO is reduced on supplying gas having water vapor, and MO is oxidized and hydrogen is produced when the reaction equilibrium shifts to left and right hand sides, respectively.    USE - For fuel control system used in fuel cells (claimed) of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to produce hydrogen having reduced amount of carbon monoxide from methane and water vapor, at comparatively lower temperature. The method also produces hydrogen by supplying water vapor hence lot of hydrogen can be produced and stored, safely and rapidly by a simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the fuel control system used in fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of fuel control system for fuel cells. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    catalyst layers (1,2)
NOVELTY - The equipment has a reformer (20) which reforms a specified raw material and forms a hydrogen rich reformed gas. A cooler (30) has injectors (33) to inject a liquid cryogen into the outer surface of a flow path (31) of reformed gas from the reformer. A controller (70) controls the temperature of reformed gas by controlling the injection quantity of the liquid cryogen.    USE - For generating hydrogen from specified raw materials containing hydrogen like gasoline, natural gas, other hydrocarbon materials, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, etc., for being used as fuel in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of a hydrogen rich reformed gas produced in a reformer can be controlled to a target temperature by suitably choosing a liquid cryogen and controlling the amount of liquid cryogen injected into the flow path of reformed gas from the reformer. The responsiveness of controlled injection quantity of cryogen can be improved by suitably adopting a feedback or feedforward control. A stabilized hydrogen gas production can be achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline structure of a fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformer (20)    cooler (30)    reformed gas flow path (31)    injector (33)    controller (70)
NOVELTY - A preprocessor (18) removes moisture content and carbon dioxide from hydrogen gas and then passes the hydrogen gas to a scrubbing tower (12). The impurities present in the hydrogen gas is removed by passing liquefied natural gas (LNG) from a tank (10) to the tower.    USE - For purifying hydrogen used as fuel in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient purification of the hydrogen gas is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen gas purification system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen gas purification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    tank (10)    scrubbing tower (12)    preprocessor (18)
NOVELTY - A starting method of gasifier. for gasification of waste material with fluidized bed, involves making gasification furnace interior into a predetermined hot inert gas atmosphere by inert gas fluidization process and changing inert gas to an oxygen-containing gas by gas switching process.    USE - For gasification of waste material, such as municipal solid waste, waste plastic and shredder dust.    ADVANTAGE - The waste material are easily gasified, by a simple and safe method. The method enables effective gasification of partially combusted waste materials.
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide and hydrogen producing burner has a firing unit (16) for firing and carrying out afterfire to the burner, when burner is extinguished. When oxygen ratio with respect to a liquid fuel is less than 1, an oxidizing agent is supplied to the burner and the burner burns liquid fuel.    USE - For producing carbon monoxide and hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Even when the burner is extinguished, the firing unit reliably fires and performs afterfire to the burner. Even when different liquid fuels are used, the burner efficiently produces carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Since, the burner burns the liquid fuel when the oxygen ratio with respect to the liquid fuel is less than 1, partial oxidation of the liquid fuel is performed homogeneously and generation of local hot spot is suppressed. Also, generation of soot and carbon dioxide are suppressed and carbon monoxide and hydrogen are produced efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen producing burner.    combustion furnace (11)    firing unit (16)
NOVELTY - A gas purifier (2) which is arranged in a gas supply path comprises a photocatalyst comprising titanium oxide. A light source (10) which irradiates light at the photocatalyst is energized by electric power of the fuel cell.    USE - Used as a fuel cell vehicle, e.g. a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The impurities in gas supplied to a fuel cell can be removed reliably, and oxygen is produced by action of the photocatalyst, hence operation of the fuel cell is extended and the oxygen supply amount is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas purifier (2)    Light source (10)
NOVELTY - A humidification tank (12) humidifies gas transduced from a gas transduction unit (21) using hot water supplied through a filler (22). The humidified gas is supplied to a fuel cell (1) by mixing with dry gas.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The property of the fuel cell is easily tested by supplying arbitrarily humidified gas to the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for test system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of test system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)    Humidification tank (12)    Gas transduction unit (21)    Filler (22)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen production apparatus (22z), hydrogen storage apparatus (24z) and a hydrogen utilization apparatus (2z,3z) are connected in a pipe network (10). A controller (28z) controls the hydrogen production apparatus based on the hydrogen consumption of the apparatus (2z,3z) and the storage and supplying amount of hydrogen from the apparatus (24z).    USE - For hydrogen fuel car.    ADVANTAGE - Improves efficiency of the vehicle. Cost reduction for producing hydrogen gas is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen utilization apparatus (2z,3z)    Pipe network (10)    Hydrogen production apparatus (22z)    Hydrogen storage apparatus (24z)    Controller (28z)
NOVELTY - A controller controls supply of hydrogen from a hydrogen supply apparatus to a modification reaction device (3), based on output from an oxidation state detector, to recover modification characteristics of a catalyst in the modification reaction device.    USE - Fuel-cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduction in efficiency is prevented, as hydrogen is supplied to the modification catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel-cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification reaction device (3)
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon oil including organic sulfur oxidation compound is treated by an oxidizing agent in a microchannel reactor, to remove the organic sulfur oxidation compound in hydrocarbon oil.    USE - For desulfurizing hydrocarbon oil used for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen for fuel cell is obtained efficiently. Oxidation reaction of sulfur compound is advanced sufficiently and can be de-sulfurized efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - A spiral fin (13) is arranged between the outer wall of inner cylindrical pipe (11) and the outer cylindrical pipe (12). A modification catalyst (14) is filled between the spiral fin. Raw material gas (15) is passed between the spiral fin, according to the flow path.    USE - For manufacture of heating gas used in fuel cell power generators.    ADVANTAGE - As raw material gas is passed according to the flow path, the catalyst is stored in a small space and size of the reformer is compact. The gas flow rate is increased and hence heat transfer is enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the general view of the reformer with spiral fin. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    inner cylindrical pipe (11)    Outer cylindrical pipe (12)    Spiral fin (13)    Modification catalyst (14)    Raw material gas (15)
NOVELTY - Exhaust gas flow control method in pressure-swing-adsorption apparatus, involves opening upstream-side valve of exhaust gas storage tank in steps, during blow-down process in each adsorption tower    USE - For controlling flow of exhaust gas in 4-tower type pressure-swing-adsorption apparatus used e.g. for hydrogen refinement.    ADVANTAGE - Internal pressure variation of exhaust gas storage tank is restrained. Reduction of the property of adsorption apparatus is prevented. Deterioration of modifier burner during combustion, when using exhaust gas as fuel, is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the opening of upstream side valve of exhaust gas storage tank in steps. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A drying machine (5) dries the sludge to form a dried sludge containing 50-60% water contents. The dried sludge is crushed and fermented by a pair of rotating drums (10a,10b) arranged in series.    USE - The system is useful for producing compost by fermenting sludge produced by processing foodstuff residue, sewage.    ADVANTAGE - Forms the compost in short time. Reduces installation space by using two fermenters and controlling the temperature of dried sludge and fermentation space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the sludge fermentation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Drying machine (5)    Rotating drums (10a,10b)
NOVELTY - An organic solid waste being processed, is crushed and the solid substances are solubilized biologically by using a thermophilic bacteria. The methane fermentation process (3) of these solubilized substances, is performed to promote the decomposition and the gasification of these solubilized objects, is carried out subsequently.    USE - For performing decomposition processing of organic solid wastes such as organic refuses including waste materials of foodstuffs, and excrements of livestock.    ADVANTAGE - The decomposition of solid organic wastes can be performed efficiently with a high economical efficiency and a generation of solid residues which affect the environment can be eliminated, by performing the methane fermentation and gasification of solubilized objects obtained, after crushing and solubilizing the organic solid wastes. An excellent energy efficiency can be obtained by recovering the solid wastes as methane gas. A useful effect of earth environment maintenance can be achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing apparatus of organic solid waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram for implementing the processing method of organic solid wastes.    Methane fermentation process (3)
NOVELTY - Several stirring rings (40) having annularly spaced stirring plate (43) arranged in parallel within the mixing tank (11). The rings (40) are supported by its inner surface in contact with periphery of drive rollers (53) which are rotated by a motor (51). The rings are restrained against the drive rollers (53) by restraining rollers (62) in contact with the periphery of the stirring rings.    USE - For mixing organic wastes for bio-degradation processing.    ADVANTAGE - Improves stirring efficiency as the drive roller rotates by tracing the inner periphery of the stirring ring constrained by restraining rollers. The stirring blades do not fail to contact with stirred substances.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the stirring apparatus with the cover opened.    Mixing tank (11)    Stirring rings (40)    Stirring plates (43,43')    Motor (51)    Drive roller (53)    Restraining roller (62)
NOVELTY - Carbon dioxide is absorbed and solidified carbonate species are precipitated by exposing an aqueous composition contained in an artificial lake to the atmosphere. The aqueous composition comprises organic matter which can be degraded by a decomposer and sulfate-reducing microorganisms.    USE - For absorbing carbon dioxide and precipitating solidified carbonate species.    ADVANTAGE - The total amount of carbon sequestered can be readily calculated by measuring the volume of carbonate precipitated periodically. The impact on environment is restricted to the artificial lake ecosystem itself. Hydrogen sulfide given off as by-product of sulfate reduction can be controlled either by fixing with iron or by converting into sulfuric acid. The engineering of process steps involved is inexpensive, and the chemicals and materials used are readily available. By scaling up the invention so that artificial lake covers 1x10 power 5 km2, a minimum of 4.5x10 power 7 tones carbonate equivalent to 1.5% total annual anthropogenic carbon in atmosphere (as carbon dioxide) may be precipitated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Absorption of carbon dioxide and precipitation of solidified carbonate species includes creating a shallow artificial lake, filling the lake with an aqueous composition, and exposing the aqueous composition contained in the artificial lake to the atmosphere. The aqueous composition comprises an anoxic particulate sedimentary layer and an aqueous layer. The sedimentary layer supports a living microbial community or culture with organic matter, decomposer microorganisms and sulfate-reducing microorganisms. The aqueous layer contains sodium chloride, dissolved magnesium ions, dissolved calcium ions, dissolved sulfate ions and dissolved carbonate ions. The aqueous layer has a pH of at least 8, and the organic matter can be degraded by the decomposer and sulfate-reducing microorganisms.
NOVELTY - A reactor (1) generates hydrogen-rich gas (10) from a carbon-based material (9) having an allothermic heated fluidized layer (2). The reactor has a number of horizontal heating tubes (3) extending through the entire width of the fluidized layer.    USE - Used as a fluidized bed reactor for the generation of hydrogen-rich gas from carboniferous materials, e.g. farm organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The allothermic pipes require less surface area than prior art.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the generation of hydrogen-rich gas from carboniferous raw materials.    Preferred Features: The heating pipes are parallel and may also be arranged arrayed in rectangular or triangular patterns. The pipes are heated internally by the combustion of gas (4) with air. The temperature distribution within the fluidized layer is adjusted by the pipe (3) arrangement. The bed (2) is fluidized by the injection of steam (7) with the carbon-based material (9) via jets (8) from below.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the reactor. (Drawing includes non English- language text).    Reactor (1)    Fluidized layer (2)    Heating pipes (3)    Steam (7)    Steam jets (8)    Carboniferous material (9)    Hydrogen gas (10)
NOVELTY - The gas generation system has at least one supply vessel (3,4) for one of the reactants to generate the gas. At least one compressor (6) places the reactants under pressure in their vessels, with a roll membrane (8) in each vessel to separate the reactants from the pressure medium e.g. compressed air or nitrogen. At least one gas generating component (2) is transferred to the reactants through a feed line (5), fitted with dosing pumps (11) for additional pressure on the reactants. The system pressure is at least 10 bar.    USE - The gas generation system is a fuel cell to provide a gas rich in oxygen through a catalyst conversion of liquid hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The operation gives a high pressure gas generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the gas generation system.    Gas generating component (2)    Reactant supply vessels (3,4)    Compressor (6)    Roll membranes (8)    Dosing pumps (11)
NOVELTY - Process for pre-treating a nickel-based alloy reactor comprises passing a super critical aqueous solution of an oxidant through the reactor at a solution temperature of more than 374 degrees Celsius and at a pressure of more than 22.1 MPa for at least 8 hours.    USE - The reactor is used to produce hydrogen which is used in the production of methanol for operating fuel cells in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Post treatment is not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a reactor used for producing hydrogen.
NOVELTY - A closed- circuit organic waste disposal process generates a combustible gas by-product by controlled alternating use of anaerobic and aerobic zones. The zones are created in the waste substrate by controlled gas venting, combined with a continual regulated discharge of effluent combustible gas to a waste gas treatment assembly.    USE - Used to prevent the discharge of noxious gases arising from aerobic and anaerobic treatment of waste organic materials.    ADVANTAGE - The process overcomes the prior art need to introduce additional gas fuel from another source to achieve full combustion of the noxious waste gases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The air circulating within the treatment plant is enriched with methane formed by microbial action, creating the conditions for combustion without the introduction of additional fuel. Following methane enrichment, the mixture of air and methane is continually replaced by oxygen and surrendered to a gas holder. Fresh air is continually admitted to the composting reactor chamber at a controlled rate, displacing microbial methane. Methane formation is further regulated by moisture control. The effluent gas methane content is monitored by sensors and the value measure is used as the prime regulating parameter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block flow chart (top) of prior art, (center) regulation of the anaerobic process and (bottom) regulation of the aerobic treatment process. (Drawing includes non English- language text).
NOVELTY - A process for producing active organic compound fertilizer, belonging to industrial sewage treatment and environmental protection field, includes such technological steps as uniformly proportional mixing of bagasse, waste alcohol liquid, filter mud and sludge, high-temp. fermentation, then fermenting under regulated conditions, putrefaction-heaped fermentation and final fermenting with soil microbes, and features low investment in apparatus and energy consumption and high productivity. Said fertilizer can also serve to modify and activate soil and protect ecotope.
NOVELTY - A fractionating column (1) which purifies a propylene containing raw material (3) is run after controlling the water content concentration in the bottom liquid of column (1) or in the top liquid of a fractionating column (2) to less than a preset value. The column (2) is run after controlling the propane concentration in the top liquid to a preset value and propylene is purified and separated.    USE - For purifying-separating propylene.    ADVANTAGE - The propylene purification-separation process produces propylene having reduced water content and reduces water adsorption load of a dehydrating agent. The propylene is obtained economically and has excellent characteristics for a long time, which performs a steady continuous operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A raw material containing at least propylene, ethane, propane and water is purified by a fractionating column (1). Ethane and at least one portion of water (4) are distilled and separated from the top of the tower. A tower bottom liquid containing at least propylene and propane (5) is obtained from the bottom of the tower. The tower bottom liquid of column (1) is purified by a fractionating column (2). At least propane (6) is separated as bottom product from the bottom of the tower. At least propylene (7) is distilled and obtained from the top of the tower. The fractionating column (1) is run after controlling the water content concentration in the bottom liquid of fractionating column (1) or in the top liquid of column (2) to less than a predetermined value. The fractionating column (2) is run after controlling the propane concentration in the top liquid to a predetermined value. Propylene is purified and separated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart showing the propylene purification-separation process.    Fractionating columns (1,2)    Raw material (3)    Ethane and water (4)    Propylene and propane (5)    Propane (6)    Propylene product (7)
NOVELTY - Waste (1), introduced into a reactor (2), is heated under vacuum to the boiling point of water. It is sheared using an agitator (106). Cell membranes of organics are disrupted and the vapors containing organic components are driven out.    USE - Used as a waste treatment reactor, for organic wastes especially.    ADVANTAGE - Waste residues are treated and stabilized at reduced operational and capital costs. Vacuum operation produces little waste gas. The residual waste is handled as a dry product which is stable and hygienic. In comparison with conventional percolation processes, residence time is considerably reduced. The reactor can be made more compact, being only an estimated 5% the volume of a percolation unit. Because of the low operational temperature under vacuum, plastics do not melt or contaminate the inner walls, hence there is no detraction from heat transfer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a plant for the above process.    Preferred Features: Water (6) or other suitable wash fluid is added to the reactor (2) for extraction with boiling. A fraction of the organic components are washed out, others and/or nitrogen in ammonia form, are driven off as head vapors. The waste may be pre-heated by an aerobic composting process. Vapors pass to a condenser or cooler (66). Air leakage arising during the process is burned (26). Organically-loaded wash fluid is sent to a bio-gas plant. Water released there, is recycled to the reactor. Biogas arising (24), is employed to generate process heat or electrical energy. Following drying, the hot material is further dried and cooled. Drying and extraction by boiling, take place in the same reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic flow diagram of the plant.    Waste (1)    Reactor (2)    Water (6)    Burner (26)    Biogas (24)    Cooler (66)
NOVELTY - The life of a catalyst is extended by selecting a sacrificial metal having a poison affinity at least equal to predetermined poison affinity, providing a catalyst material comprising the sacrificial metal and catalytic metal, and contacting a feed stream comprising the poison with the catalyst material.    USE - For extending the life of a catalyst.    ADVANTAGE - The invention prolongs the catalyst life and reduces reactor down time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a process for producing hydrocarbons comprising contacting a feed stream having hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a catalyst system including a sacrificial metal and catalytic metal in a reaction zone maintained at conversion-promoting conditions to produce an effluent stream of hydrocarbons; and    (b) a catalyst system for sulfur removal in a Fischer-Tropsch feed stream comprising a catalyst system having a sacrificial metal and a catalytic metal.
NOVELTY - A compact fuel processor comprises modules having a shell with an interior space, and a processing core contained in the interior space. The modules comprise an autothermal reforming catalyst bed, heat exchangers, a desulfurization catalyst bed, a water gas shift catalyst bed, and a preferential oxidation catalyst bed.    USE - For producing a hydrogen rich gas stream from a hydrocarbon fuel (e.g. natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, diesel, methane, ethane, butane, propane, naphtha, and alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and propanol) for use in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The invention effectively and efficiently produces hydrogen rich gas stream.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compact fuel processor comprises modules (406, 408, 412, 414, 418, 422) stacked end-to-end along a common axis. Each module comprises a shell having an interior space defining a passageway for the flow of gas stream from a first end of the shell to a second end opposite the first end, and a processing core contained in the interior space for effecting a chemical, thermal, or physical change to the gas stream. The first module comprises an autothermal reforming catalyst bed. The second module is positioned adjacent to the first module comprising a first heat exchanger (410, 420). The third module is positioned to the second module comprising a desulfurization catalyst bed. The fourth module is positioned adjacent the third module comprising a water gas shift catalyst bed. The fifth module is positioned adjacent to the fourth module comprising a second heat exchanger. The sixth module is positioned adjacent the fifth module comprising a preferential oxidation catalyst bed.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for converting a hydrocarbon fuel into a hydrogen rich gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a compact fuel processor apparatus.    Manifold (400)    Modules (406, 408, 412, 414, 418, 422)    Heat exchanger (410, 420)
NOVELTY - A protein or polypeptide (I) in a non-infectious form derived from Erwinia pyrifoliae, which induces a hypersensitive reaction or resistance to pathogens in plants when in contact with plant cells, is new.    USE - (I) is useful in the preparation of biopesticide composition, pesticide, plant growth activator, seed-treating agent, insect repellent, or fertilizer (claimed). (I) is useful for inducing plant resistance, plant growth promotion, insect repellent effect, increase of photosynthesis and chlorophyll and seed treatment effect, and for developing plant hypersensitive reaction eliciting biopesticide.    ADVANTAGE - (I) efficiently induces plant resistance, plant growth promotion, insect repellent effect, increase of photosynthesis and chlorophyll and seed treatment effect than a HrpN (a plant-sensitive protein) from Erwinia amylovora ATCC15580T. (I) also elicits the plant hypersensitive response at a lower dose and faster than HrpN, thus the protein from E.pyrifoliae WT3 (KCCM 10283) is quite suitable for the development of a novel and better plant hypersensitive reaction eliciting biopesticide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) E.pyrifoliae WT3 (KCCM 10283), an Erwinia pathogen effective in controlling plant diseases and activating plant growth;    (2) a gene (II) (KCCM 10282) encoding a protein or a polypeptide in a non-infectious form originated from E.pyrifoliae which induces a hypersensitive reaction or resistance to pests in plants when plant cells are in contact with or treated by the gene;    (3) an expression system, or transformants containing (II);    (4) a biopesticide composition, pesticide, a plant growth activator, seed-treating agent, insect repellent, or fertilizer comprising (I); and    (5) production of (I).
NOVELTY - The bioreactor system, to exploit the heat generated by biochemical reactions, is new.    USE - The system is for the recovery of heat from biochemical reactions, to heat water and generate electricity from organic waste and especially organic domestic waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - The bioreactors can be located centrally or in remote locations, which can be installed in any household, to give a constant supply of heat and hot water, and also generate electricity, fueled by organic domestic waste and with a low water consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The bioreactor system, to exploit the heat generated by biochemical reactions, has a bioreactor (I,II) for an aerobic microbial degrading of organic substrates, and a bioreactor (III) for an anaerobic microbial degrading of organic substrates. The bioreactors are connected in series, for the substrates to be moved through them in succession. At least one heat exchanger (34, 48, 66, 88) takes off heat from the bioreactors. The first bioreactor has a vertical jet array (16), especially for an oxygen supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the bioreactor assembly.    Oxygen jets (16)    Heat exchangers (34,48,66,88)    Bioreactors (I,II,III)
NOVELTY - A make-up helium supply (6) adds contaminants to helium gas obtained from gas source (4) having predetermined purity, and the helium supply is connected to pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system (1) through conduits (8,9,13,15). The PSA system removes the contaminants from the gas to produce purified and waste gases. A gas purity analyzer (100) measures the amount of contaminants in the waste gas, subsequently.    USE - For recovering helium gas used in applications such as metal atomization process, cold spray forming, cooling and shield gas applications. Also for recovering carbon dioxide, hydrogen, argon, neon, krypton, xenon, methane.    ADVANTAGE - The recovery of gas is greater than 95% and purification level is 99.999 vol.%, hence usage rate of helium gas is high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas purification and recycling process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a gas recycling system.    PSA adsorption system (1)    Gas source (4)    Makeup helium supply (6)    Conduits (8,9,13,15)    Gas purity analyzer (100)
NOVELTY - Carrier fluid (1a,1b) containing coating material is passed into cell stack (A) through external connectors (6-9). After filling, the excess coating fluid is removed from external connectors, thereby forming a coating on the inner surface of cell stack.    USE - For fuel cells and electrochemical devices e.g. electrolyzers.    ADVANTAGE - Established electrical contacts between conductive components throughout the stack remain unaffected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell stack.    carrier fluids (1a,1b)    external connectors (6-9)    cell stack (A)
NOVELTY - A pump (6) supplies fuel from a concentrated methanol source (4) through a conduit (22) to anode flow field plate of a direct methanol fuel cell (20). A controller (24) controls valves to allow methanol to flow through a membrane electrode assembly and reach anode flow field when power demand increases.    USE - Direct method fuel cell system for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - By providing fuel through valves and membrane electrode assembly, output power level is increased during demands. By using diffusion layers in the membrane electrode assembly for flow of fuel, response time is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Diffusion layer;    (2) Membrane electrode assembly;    (3) Output power increasing method in direct oxidation fuel cell; and    (4) Direct methanol fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the direct methanol fuel cell system.    Concentrated methanol source (4)    Pump (6)    Direct methanol fuel cell (20)    Conduit (22)    Controller (24)
NOVELTY - The carbon dioxide-containing natural gas is passed within a production string (13) including a downhole asymmetric filamentary carbon membrane system (24) consisting of hollow fibers comprising an aromatic imide polymer material containing at least 90 wt% carbon. The gas is passed at 200 psia to generate CO2-enriched permeate (32) and a CO2-depleted retentate (34).    USE - For separating carbon dioxide from natural gas within wellbore.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon dioxide is separated reliably from the natural gas, even at high pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the above carbon dioxide separation process.    String (13)    Asymmetric filamentary carbon membrane system (24)    Enriched permeate (32)    Depleted retentate (34)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises (weight%): (1) oxide support (50); (2) copper (oxide) dispersed on support (5); (3) platinum group metal (0.5); and (4) reducible metal oxide dispersed on support (10).    USE - As water gas shift catalyst for converting carbon monoxide and steam into hydrogen and carbon dioxide used in apparatus e.g. fuel processors that supply hydrogen to a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The water gas shift reaction catalyst is stable to steam exposure at lower temperature. The catalyst includes low concentrations of platinum group metals, therefore it is more resistant to steam-deactivation at lower temperature. The catalyst has low pyrophoricity, high mechanical strength and high heat capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalyst comprises (weight%):    (1) oxide support (50) of activated silica, alumina, zirconia, titania and/or zeolites;    (2) copper (oxide) dispersed on support (5);    (3) platinum group metal (0.5) e.g. platinum, palladium, rhodium, osmium, iridium and/or ruthenium; and    (4) reducible metal oxide (10) e.g. oxides of chromium, vanadium, molybdenum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, titanium, nickel, manganese and/or cobalt, dispersed on the support.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for apparatus for supplying hydrogen to proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a depiction of fuel processor unit for supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A line (40) leading from an anode (13) to cathode (12) side supplies second exhaust gases to the cathode inlet (42) which, after reaction of the residual hydrogen with oxygen at the cathode side (12) to form water, leave the fuel cell system (10) with the exhaust gases via the cathode outlet (46).    USE - For automotive applications.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system and method of operation of the system permits the proportion of hydrogen in the supplied anode gas to be set, so that an ideal fuel cell efficiency results, and also enables hydrogen emissions to be avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell system (10) has a cathode side (12) with a cathode inlet (42) to receive oxygen or oxygen containing gas and a cathode outlet (46) for exhaust gases, and an anode side (13) with an anode inlet to receive hydrogen or hydrogen containing gas, an anode outlet for second exhaust gases. A feedback loop returns at least a part of the second exhaust gas arriving at the anode outlet back to the anode inlet. The fuel cell system comprise fuel cells in the form of low temperature fuel cells, which are assembled into a stack and are adapted to permit oxygen or an oxygen containing gas to generate electricity and produce exhaust gases containing residual oxygen and second exhaust gases containing residual hydrogen.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of operating a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a variant of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (10)    Cathode side (12)    Anode side (13)    Line leading from anode to cathode side (40)    Cathode inlet (42)    Cathode outlet (46)
NOVELTY - Liquid fuel is dehydrated by heating at a temperature of 100-500degreesC, using desulfurizing agent comprising NaY type zeolites or activated carbon and additive includes copper, potassium and zinc compounds of meta silicate. The desulfurization of liquid fuel is performed at normal temperature, normal pressure and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) ranging from 1-10 h-1.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Sulfur compound is reliably removed from the liquid fuel e.g. kerosene.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph representing characteristics of activated carbon during desulfurization. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Decomposition device (2) decomposes ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen and supplies to the fuel cell (4). The combustor (3) burns the waste gas from the fuel cell. The oxygen concentration of the waste gas is detected and air supply to combustor is adjusted, based on detected oxygen concentration.    USE - For fuel cell in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Long distance of motor vehicle is ensured. Ejection of toxic substance is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    decomposition device (2)    combustor (3)    fuel cell (4)
NOVELTY - The manufacture of dimethyl ether reforming catalyst involves mixing precursor containing copper, zinc and aluminum with activated alumina.    USE - For hydrogen containing gas manufacture (claimed) by reforming of dimethyl ether, used for hydrogenation of ammonia synthesis and various organic compound, petroleum refining, desulfurizing, metallurgy, glass manufacture and as raw material for fuel cells, and as power source of a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Manufacture of dimethyl ether reforming catalyst enables to obtain a high concentration hydrogen. The catalyst has a high low temperature activity, heat-resistance and hydrogen containing gas is obtained easily using simple apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The manufacture of dimethyl ether reforming catalyst involves mixing precursor containing copper, zinc and aluminum with activated alumina. The activated alumina is gamma-alumina, delta-alumina and/or theta-alumina.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) dimethyl ether reforming catalyst; and    (2) hydrogen-containing gas manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - A gas-liquid twin fluid atomizer cylinder (200) which supplies air and fuel, is arranged between the modification catalyst layers (12,13).    USE - For fuel cell such as batteries used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Equalizes reformed gas reaction and temperature reaction of catalyst layer. Provides lightweight and highly reliable reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the reformer for fuel cells. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification catalyst layers (12,13)    gas-liquid twin fluid atomizer cylinder (200)
NOVELTY - A controller (20) controls a modifier selector valve (14a), a CO removal device selector valve (16a), a modifier heater (14b) and a CO removal device heater (16b). At time of low temperature starting, the supply of heating gas is stopped and both the selector valves are changed to the catalyst combustion side. The partial-oxidation modifier (14) and the CO removal device (16) are warmed-up in parallel.    USE - Fuel reformer e.g. methanol reformer for solid polymer fuel cell in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer is started in a short time without heating the condensing gas inside the reformer. Prevents deterioration of the catalyst of the CO removal device and the poisoning of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel reformer starting method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    partial-oxidation modifier (14)    selector valve (14a)    modifier heater (14b)    CO removal device (16)    CO removal device selector valve (16a)    CO removal device heater (16b)    controller (20)
NOVELTY - A water electrolyzer electrolyzes the water to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The store chambers (5,6) store the hydrogen and oxygen received from the water electrolyzer through the feed pipes (10,11) respectively.    USE - For fuel cell of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Installation area for storing hydrogen and oxygen is ensured sufficiently with low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen supply system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of the hydrogen storage system.    Store chambers (5,6)    Feed pipes (10,11)
NOVELTY - The front stage of hydrocarbon gas modifier is equipped with a desulfurizer containing absorbent for removing sulfur-compound in hydrocarbon gas. The lifespan of the absorbent is detected based on color phase change.    USE - For domestic and industrial applications.    ADVANTAGE - Detects lifespan of absorbent of the desulfurizer, easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of steam generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Composting facility has a granular layer comprising several spacers (26), arranged around several branch aeration pipes (24). The spacers are formed larger than the size of several ventilation holes formed on the branch aeration pipes. A compost support resin layer (29) with air permeability and compost material impermeability, is arranged between the granular layer and the compost layer which is livestock excrement.    USE - For composting livestock excrement.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents clogging of ventilation holes by providing compost support layer, resulting in easy maintenance of the facility, requiring maintenance only of compost support layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the composting facility.    Branch aeration pipes (24)    Spacers (26)    Compost support resin layer (29)
NOVELTY - Air bubble micronization equipment, comprises: (i) a blow-off pipe (13) provided at the lower end of a hollow cylinder (11) of a specific diameter and length, that supplies air to the cylinder; and (ii) a guide vane (14) provided within the cylinder, that is rotated spirally to form an air bubble that is micronized using a micronization unit (16).    USE - The equipment is used for purifying a stain of industrial liquid waste, etc.    ADVANTAGE - By effectively micronizing the air bubble, the rotation upflow of oxygen dissolvability is generated at high efficiency. Thus, the breeding of a microorganism in the polluted liquid waste, is realized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the air bubble micronization equipment.    Hollow cylinder (11)    Blow-off pipe (13)    Guide vane (14)    Micronization unit (16)
NOVELTY - An oxygen sensor (21) is connected to a treatment tank (2) through a connector (20), and detects oxygen concentration in the treatment tank. Based on the output of the oxygen sensor, driving of an agitator (11) is controlled by a controller.    USE - Organic refuse disposer, for domestic and business applications.    ADVANTAGE - Since the agitator is controlled according to the oxygen concentration in the treatment tank, power consumption is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the above organic refuse disposer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Treatment tank (2)    Agitator (11)    Connector (20)    Oxygen sensor (21)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse disposer comprises several stirring blades (24 - 26) radially arranged in an agitator (11), which mixes a base material (27) and garbage in an eddy pattern.    USE - The disposer is used for treating domestic or commercial garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The disposer enhances the mixing efficiency of an organic refuse disposer due to provision of several blades which mix a base material and garbage in eddy pattern.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an organic refuse stirring method in the organic refuse disposer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse disposer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Agitator (11)    Stirring blades (24 - 26)    Base material (27)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse decomposition device comprises sweeping boards (26) provided to the ends of respective stirring blades (1 - 5), provided in the longitudinal direction of an organic refuse container (15), so that the corrugated tips of the sweeping boards mutually oppose the internal circumference of the refuse container.    USE - The device is used for decomposing organic refuse using a micro-organism.    ADVANTAGE - Due to provision of the sweeping boards with corrugated tips, the durability of the stirring blade is improved. Due to reduction in size and capacity of the motor that drives the blades, the size and running cost of the device are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse decomposition device.    Stirring blades (1 - 5)    Organic refuse container (15)    Sweeping boards (26)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing material, deodorizing material and soil improvement material, comprising microbes such as Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus, Rhodobacter and/or Rhodospirillum dispersed in coffee bean lees (CBL), is new.    USE - The compositions are useful as an organic refuse processing material, deodorizing material and a soil improvement material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Been lees which are discarded after coffee extraction, are effectively utilized for obtaining the organic-refuse process material, deodorizing material and/or soil improvement material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) an organic refuse processing material;    (2) a deodorizing material containing the microbes dispersed in CBL;    (3) a soil improvement material containing the microbes dispersed in CBL; and    (4) manufacture of the organic-refuse process material by recycling CBL.
NOVELTY - The process medium such as organic solvents (10,19,20), fats, oils such as beef tallow is added to the human waste containing plastics. The human waste is heated indirectly for separating solid residue (12) containing plastics, from the human waste.    USE - For processing human waste containing plastic material such as vinyl bag, paper diaper, etc., using processing apparatus connected to toilet. Also for processing animal waste and other organic refuse from kitchen of home.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates to separate solid residue containing plastics from the human waste using simple technique, thereby allowing harmless human waste processing and reducing environmental pollution. Simplifies maintenance of the processing apparatus by avoiding need for frequent cleaning of the toilets and other components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for human waste processing apparatus connected to toilet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block diagram of the human waste processing apparatus connected to toilet.    Organic solvents (10,19,20)    Solid residue (12)
NOVELTY - A process for removing gas components from technical gases comprises scrubbing the gas components from the technical gases using a gas scrubbing agent at +15 to -60 degrees C; and liberating the scrubbing agent charged with the gas components in a separate regeneration step. The gas scrubbing agent is an ethylene glycol dimethyl ether or a mixture of different ethylene glycol dimethyl ethers.    USE - Used for removing gas components from technical gases such as natural gas, synthesis gas and process gas.    ADVANTAGE - Unwanted components such as water (H2O), hydrogen sulfide, (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbonyl sulfide (OCS), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), carbon disulfide (CS2), ammonia (NH3), mercaptans, thiophenes, carbonyls, naphthalenes, paraffins and organic hydrocarbons can be economically removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for removing gas components from technical gases comprises scrubbing the gas components from the technical gases using a gas scrubbing agent at +15 to -60 degrees C; and liberating the scrubbing agent charged with the gas components in a separate regeneration step. The gas scrubbing agent is an ethylene glycol dimethyl ether or a mixture of different ethylene glycol dimethyl ethers and has a reference point of less then -30 degrees C, a boiling temperature of less than 275 degrees C at normal pressure and a molar mass of less than 230 g/mol.
NOVELTY - The novel method uses nitrate containing La, Ba, Dy and Mn as raw material, dissolves it in water to obtain solution (A) and dissolves Na2CO3 and NaOH in water to obtain solution (B), mixes two solutions and undergo processes of stirring, precipitation and washing, drying precipitate and roasting it to obtain the La(1-x-y)BaxDyyMnO3 perovskite type rare earth compound oxide superfine particles.    USE - As catalyst for oxidation of CO, CH4 and volatile organic substances.    ADVANTAGE - The grain size distribution is narrow, so that it possesses high catalytic activity for complete oxidation of CO, CH4 and volatile organic substances.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for La(1-x-y)BaxDyyMnO3 perovskite-type rare earth compound oxide superfine particles, prepared as above. Their mean grain size is 10-50 nm, and specific area is 15-50 sq.m per g.
NOVELTY - Equipment for converting biomass energy form is composed of four portions of heating system, pyrogenic distillation pyrolysis system, preheating and smoke isolating system and liquid sealing and discharging system. The whole furnace cavity is divided into 2-5 clear temperature zones. The interior of the furnace cavity has a high temperature zone. The equipment also is equipped with a material-shifting device and facilities for fully-utilizing waste heat, so that it is a special-purpose equipment in paper-making industry.
NOVELTY - The method for preparing methane-rice gas from refuse marsh gas includes: collecting refuse marsh gas under the condition of micro-negative-pressure or micro-positive-pressure at normal temp.; filtering collected refuse marsh gas to remove solid impurity and cooling and dewatering; and using solvent absorption method to remove carbon dioxide from the refuse marshgas in which the solid impurity and water content are removed at gauge pressure of 0.1-5.0 MPa so as to obtain the methane-rich gas.
NOVELTY - A microorganism immobilized carrier (12), comprises a porous immobilized microorganism carrier containing a polypropylene resin and polyethylene resin, for adhering the microorganism on the surface of the carrier.    USE - The carrier is used in waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The immobilized carrier having a hollow cylindrical shape, provides a large adherence area for the microbial cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the water treatment unit.    Microorganism immobilized carrier (12)
NOVELTY - A funnel-shaped reactor (10) includes multiple plasma arc torch (42) mounted in lower section having multiple tap holes, for heating carbon catalyst bed and waste carbonaceous material supplied from multiple directions through the feeding chutes (32) in upper section. The oxygen or oxygen enriched air is supplied through the inlets (39,41) from wind drums (38,40).    USE - For generating fuel gas from organic waste material such as municipal solid waste, industrial waste, hazardous waste, biomass and coal ash, for electric power generation (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables generation of fuel gas having specified composition, calorific heating value, purity and pressure efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a carbonaceous waste material conversion method; and    (2) an electrical energy generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the funnel -shaped reactor.    Feeding chutes (100)    Funnel-shaped reactor (32)    Wind drums (38, 40)    Inlets (39, 41)    Plasma arc torch (42)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas is generated by bringing heated hydrogen-depleted solution into (in)direct heat exchange relationship with a metal hydride, thus heating the metal hydride and causing desorption of hydrogen from the metal hydride and producing hydrogen gas and cooling the heated solution and producing a cooled solution. The hydrogen gas is recovered.    USE - For the generation of hydrogen gas used in fuel cell for electric-powered motor vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention can generate hydrogen gas in a safe and cost effective manner. It can generate sufficiently large amounts of hydrogen gas so that hydrogen gas generation/storage is not a factor against the use of hydrogen-powered fuel cells as an alternative to petrol-powered internal combustion engines.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Generation of hydrogen gas comprises:    (a) contacting an aqueous solution of a chemical hydride and a catalyst and producing hydrogen gas and a heated hydrogen-depleted solution;    (b) recovering hydrogen gas;    (c) bringing the heated solution into (in)direct heat exchange relationship with a metal hydride and heating the metal hydride and causing desorption of hydrogen from the metal hydride and producing hydrogen gas and cooling the heated solution and producing a cooled solution; and    (d) recovering hydrogen gas.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a hydrogen gas generator comprising a chemical hydride reactor, a metal hydride reactor, and a mechanism for transferring heated solution from the chemical hydride reactor to the metal hydride reactor;    (2) a system for generating electricity that includes a fuel cell and the hydrogen gas generator; and    (3) an electric-powered motor vehicle which includes the system for generating electricity and a mechanism for controlling the relative amounts of hydrogen gas generated by the chemical hydride reactor and the metal hydride reactor of the system.
NOVELTY - A gas recovery system has an application unit (1) for adding impurities to the gas e.g. helium. An adsorption system (6) has adsorbent beds (A-D) with primary adsorbent layer having water and carbon dioxide, secondary adsorbent layer having carbon monoxide, methane, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and tertiary adsorbent layer having nitrogen and oxygen.    USE - Gas recovery system e.g. for helium, argon, neon, krypton and xenon used in semiconductor device manufacturing processes such as semiconductor integrated circuits, active matrix liquid crystal panels, solar cell panels, magnetic disks, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a highly efficient, low power consumption and low cost gas recovery system by reducing the quantity of recycle gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas recovery process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of gas recovery system.    Application unit (1)    Adsorption system (6)    Adsorbent beds (A-D)
NOVELTY - The power generation system has a fuel processor (110) with a reformer, a self-reducing catalyst bed and a fuel cell stack (130). A recycle loop which circulates gas stream through the fuel processor and the self-reducing catalyst bed during shutdown of the fuel processing system (100), is connected with an oxidant supply that introduces an oxidant into the recycle loop during shutdown.    USE - Self-inerting fuel cell power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Quicker startup of the fuel processor in achieved due to the ability to circulate inert gas stream. Operating cost and size, weight of the overall system are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) self-inerting fuel processing system; and    (2) method of shutting down fuel processing system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the self-inerting fuel cell power generation system.    fuel processing system (100)    fuel processor (110)    fuel cell stack (130)
NOVELTY - A controller controls operation of two pumps that circulate coolants to a fuel cell stack (312) and a fuel processor (302), respectively. The heat exchangers (332,336) respectively remove the heat from the coolants circulating in fuel cell stack and fuel processor, and recirculate them.    USE - For powering residential appliances such as adsorption coolers, water heaters, boilers, furnaces, etc.    ADVANTAGE - By controlling the amount of coolants supplied to the fuel cell stack and the fuel processor, the production of relatively high amounts of waste heat is reduced and hence efficiency of the fuel cell system is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system operation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the integrated fuel cell system.    Fuel processor (302)    Fuel cell stack (312)    Heat exchangers (332,336)
NOVELTY - A controller reduces fuel flow or oxidant flow when there is no heat demand signal and power demand signal. A controller increases fuel flow or oxidant flow during the input of heat demand signal or power demand signal and during the input of both the heat demand signal and the power demand signal.    USE - PEM fuel cell system for supplying electric and heat power to domestic appliances and electrical devices such as pumps and blowers and supplying heat to adsorption coolers, water heaters, boilers and furnaces.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a desired balance between power and heat production of the fuel cell. Operates at temperature outside the normal operating range of the fuel cell, and produces desired amount of power at low voltage and high current.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of operating fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the integrated fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - Method includes hole drilling, seam separation, initiation of methane sorbed by coal and its recovery, subsequent extraction of coal. Coal seam district to be degassed is screened from the remaining coal mass.    USE - Mining industry; applicable in mining of methane-containing coal seams.    ADVANTAGE - Higher efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Seam hydraulic separation is effected by injection of solutions containing low-radioactive wastes with transient period to stable state of not more 50 years. Volumes of injected solutions correspond to sorption capacity of seam. Then seam is conserved. In so doing, contrast range of acid-alkali properties of injected and buried liquids is ensured by introduction of solutions of alkalis and acids. Optimal period of radionuclide storage shall exceed period of their stabilization by 10%, and coal shall be washed with water before extraction. Technical result of the invention consists in complex development of coal-methane deposit, production of methane, utilization of properties and possibilities of coal seam for burial of radionuclides, provision of radionuclides stabilization and coal mining.
NOVELTY - A method for preparing a sawdust compost for a facility house is provided, to obtain a sawdust compost containing no salt and no pine resin harmful to the generation of plants, by using the waste wood.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of pulverizing the waste wood to make sawdust; mixing the sawdust, the excretions of domestic cattle containing ammonia and a small amount of a fermentation enzyme; mixing up the mixture for 2-3 times per a day and repeating the mixing-up process for about a month; and packaging the obtained sawdust compost.
NOVELTY - A heat transfer dividing wall (1a) which forms the side wall of a reformer unit (1) has an fuel inlet (4). A package of reformer catalyst (1b) allows the flow of reformed gas raw material. A combustion unit (2) has a heat resistant porous dividing walls, packed with combustion catalyst (2a) and burns the fuel. Reformer unit and combustion unit are mutually arranged and installed at up-down direction.    USE - Used in fuel cell electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Is compact and manufacturing and operation cost are considerably reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell electric power generation with reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformer unit (1)    heat transfer dividing wall (1a)    reformer catalyst (1b)    combustion unit (2)    combustion catalyst (2a)    fuel inlet (4)
NOVELTY - A gas flow groove (24) of predetermined shape is provided to the electroconductive laminate (22) of the separator (20), so that the laminate is abutted to the electrode.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Thickness of the substrate is reduced, and hence size and weight reduction of the fuel cell are achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective and sectional views of the separator for fuel cells.    separator (20)    electroconductive laminate (22)    gas flow groove (24)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen replenishment unit (50) replenishes hydrogen in a hydrogen cartridge (10). The hydrogen cartridge has a memory that stores identification information corresponding to the cartridge. A transceiver transmits/receives information stored in the memory, when the computer (30) and hydrogen cartridge are connected.    USE - For storing fuel in a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Content of the memory is updated anytime. The amount of active substance supplied to the fuel storage apparatus is controlled based on information received from the memory.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) fuel supply apparatus;    (2) fuel consumption apparatus;    (3) fuel dealing system;    (4) fuel sales method; and    (5) fuel purchasing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of the hydrogen dealing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen cartridge (10)    computer (30)    hydrogen replenishment apparatus (50)
NOVELTY - The dimethyl ether reforming catalyst comprises a catalyst component for dimethyl ether reforming reaction which yields hydrogen by reaction of water and dimethyl ether, and a carbon monoxide shift catalyst component for carbon monoxide shift reaction which removes carbon monoxide formed as a by-product.    USE - For reforming dimethyl ether (claimed) to produce hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The dimethyl ether reforming catalyst is very efficient even when used at low temperature and is used as a single catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reforming catalyst component is platinum supported on (gamma)-alumina, titania, zirconia, zeolite and/or metallosilicate which has a solid acid effect on platinum. The carbon monoxide shift catalyst is a complex oxide of copper, zinc, chromium, iron and/or aluminum. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the dimethyl ether reforming method.
NOVELTY - A combustion unit (13) which heats catalyst of transformation unit (5) by combustion reaction of flammable component in reformed gas and unreacted oxygen in modification unit (4), is provided at the downstream side of modification unit (4).    USE - Fuel cell modifier.    ADVANTAGE - Raises the temperature of transformation unit in short time without providing new power supply wiring and heat carrier piping.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the fuel cell modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification unit (4)    Transformation unit (5)    Combustion unit (13)
NOVELTY - A set of electrodes (4,5) are arranged between electrolyte layer (1) and supports (2,3) made of hydrogen occlusion and non-occlusion alloy. An oxygen supply recess is formed in the electrode (4) and the hydrogen generated by the electrode (5) is supplied towards the support (2) made of hydrogen passing alloy.    USE - For electric power generator using fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables obtaining high output by tracking the load fluctuations quickly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline sectional view of fuel cell.    electrolyte layer (1)    supports (2,3)    electrodes (4,5)
NOVELTY - A molded refuse-derived fuel (RDF) is supplied to a cooler (16) from a molding device (14). The cooled RDF is classified into rough and fine granule RDF by a classifier (18). The fine granule RDF is passed to a hopper (22), and is thrown into a dispensing machine (12) through a cut-out apparatus (20), along with the flammables from another hopper (10).    USE - Used for manufacturing refuse-derived fuel using industrial waste or municipal solid waste e.g. garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The residual of refuse-derived fuel is ejected easily from the molding device. The load of the molding device is reduced and stopping of the molding device is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a refuse-derived fuel manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an out-line block diagram of the refuse-derived fuel manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hoppers (10, 22)    Dispensing device (12)    Molding device (14)    Cooler (16)    Classifier (18)    Cut-out apparatus (20)
NOVELTY - Inorganic raw material powder is spheroidized in a metal furnace (7) using high temperature flame enveloped by a tube (2). A cooling gas is introduced into the furnace at suitable speed for cooling the spheroidized inorganic material which is recovered through a recovery unit (8).    USE - For manufacturing filler such as inorganic spherical powder used for sealing agent for use in semiconductor.    ADVANTAGE - By introducing the cooling gas at suitable speed into the furnace, adhesion amount of the inorganic material on the inner wall of the furnace is stabilized, high melting efficiency is maintained and durable filler material is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the filler manufacturing apparatus.    tube (2)    metal furnace (7)    recovery unit (8)
NOVELTY - A combustor (34) performs combustion of fuel e.g. methane to produce fuel gas which is supplied to a modifier (31). The modifier produces hydrogen by partial oxidation reaction and water vapor modification reaction. An evaporator (36) uses exhaust heat from the modifier to produce water vapor from water and supplies to the modifier for hydrogen generation.    USE - For fuel-cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Since the heat released from the modifier is used in the evaporator to produce water vapor for hydrogen generation, process efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel-cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline sectional view of the modifier unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (31)    combustor (34)    evaporator (36)
NOVELTY - The flow rate of the sealant from a nozzle (33), is controlled by passing the sealant in the nozzle to the sealant return route (46), using suction mechanism (50).    USE - For coating circumference of gas passageway of separator used in fuel cells, with sealant.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the sealing performance by raising the application quality of the sealant. Wasting of excess sealant is prevented by providing sealant branch path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the sealant application apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    nozzle (33)    sealant return route (46)    suction mechanism (50)
NOVELTY - A combustor outlet thermometer (10) controls the amount of fuel supply based on the pressure of waste gas and rise in outlet temperature of the combustor (5) which burns waste gas.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Detects deterioration of hydrogen separation membrane and accordingly controls modifier system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for modifier system control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the modifier system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    combustor (5)    combustor outlet thermometer (10)
NOVELTY - A hole (3) is formed at the bottom of a drum (2) which is covered with a lid (1), for attaching a heat flow tube (4) inside the drum supported by a foundation (7) with fuel hole (8). An end of the exhaust pipe (6) is inserted into the drum through the hole (5) formed in its side wall. Heat insulation layer (9) is formed in the side wall and lid of the drum.    USE - For carbonization of agricultural by-products, such as weeds, stalk of rapeseed, maize, and vegetables, useful as an absorbent or solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Carbonized material is obtained cheaply in a short time. Prevents environmental pollution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial cross-sectional view of the above carbonization apparatus.    lid (1)    drum (2)    holes (3,5)    heat flow tube (4)    exhaust pipe (6)    foundation (7)    fuel hole (8)    heat insulation layer (9)
NOVELTY - A sorting device (2) separates the flammable product and organic waste and supplies them to a gas generation unit (5) and a methane fermentation unit (4) respectively, for obtaining methane gas and hydrogen gas which are used by fuel cell of co-generation unit. The energy generated from the co-generation unit is supplied to units (4,5).    USE - Organic waste disposal system e.g. for livestock excrements, coconut sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents generation of dioxin and carbon dioxide during processing of organic waste. Energy is generated reliably at reduced cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic waste recycling system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart which explains operation of organic waste disposal system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Sorting device (2)    Methane fermentation unit (4)    Gas generation unit (5)
NOVELTY - A CPU (10) controls supply of electric current through the wires (9,16) to the silicon carbide base materials (8,15) supporting denaturation and purification catalysts (7,14) so as to speed up reaction for generating water and removal of carbon monoxide in reformed gas supplied by a gas supply unit respectively.    USE - For solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of the denaturation and purification catalysts are raised simply and effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen refiner. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Denaturation and purification catalysts (7,14)    Silicon carbide base materials (8,15)    Wires (9,16)    CPU (10)
NOVELTY - An aspirator (10) sucks the gas from the undersurface of an organic waste (20) accommodated in a fermenter (1) and controls the gas suction quantity depending on the position of the attitude direction of the fermenter.    USE - The apparatus is used for processing organic waste, sludge, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents reduction of conservativeness (sic) by the fermentation gas so fermentation process is effectively enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the flat-surface formula fermentation processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermenter (1)    Aspirator (10)    Organic waste (20)
NOVELTY - A reaction container (11) which accommodates a ferment is held inside an outer-side container (13) with an air space (AR) in between. Thermometers (30,50) are embedded in the reaction and outer containers respectively. A temperature control heats or cools a reaction chamber. A temperature control circuit in the container (13) adjusts temperature control such that the measurement values of the thermometers are equal.    USE - For livestock excrement compost, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enables correct temperature control for reaction chamber. Provides stable pseudo heat-insulation. Enables discard of worn reaction container and workability is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the detailed structure of the small-sized test device.    Reaction container (11)    Outer-side container (13)    Thermometers (30,50)    Air space (AR)
NOVELTY - Operating a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell system includes determining first and second carbon monoxide concentrations at respective first and second oxygen injection rates, increasing or decreasing oxygen injection rate, and repeating preceding steps at different oxygen rates until an oxygen injection rate that optimizes carbon monoxide consumption and minimizes hydrogen consumption is achieved.    USE - For operating hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Operation of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell system includes:    (i) providing hydrogen-rich fuel gas having first carbon monoxide (CO) content sufficient to poison fuel cell's anode;    (ii) injecting oxygen (O2) into the fuel gas upstream of the fuel cell to oxidize CO with O2 in the presence of hydrogen (H2) to produce a fuel stream having a second CO content which is less than the first content and will not poison the fuel cell;    (iii) determining first CO concentration in the fuel stream at first O2 injection rate;    (iv) increasing O2 injection rate to a second injection rate greater than the first injection rate;    (v) determining a second CO concentration in the fuel stream at the second O2 injection rate;    (vi) increasing O2 injection rate to a third injection rate greater than the second injection rate if the second CO concentration is less than the first CO concentration, or decreasing the O2 injection rate to a fourth injection rate less than the third injection rate if the second CO concentration is greater than the first concentration; and    (vii) repeating steps (iii-vi) at different O2 injection rates until an O2 injection rate that optimizes CO consumption while minimizing H2 consumption is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of a bipolar proton-exchange membrane fuel cell stack and a carbon monoxide sensor.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a new type cutting-welding gas and its gasification additive. It is formed from acetone C3H6O, cumene C9H12, tert-butyl alcohol C4H10O, 1-5 hash aviation kerosene, leadless 97 hash gasoline, ferrocene C5H62F3, industrial iodine I2 and hydrogen peroxide H2O2, and is made up by mixing it with propane C3H8, ethene C3H4 or propylene C3H6 and stirring them.    ADVANTAGE - As compared with existent technology it can save time, save energy source, and possesses high application efficiency and can be completely substituted for acetylene gas.
NOVELTY - The present invention utilizes the condition of high-temp. high-pressure and high-vapor temporarily existed in the method for extracting syngas for synthetic ammonia.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The present invention utilizes the condition of high-temp. high-pressure and high-vapor temporarily existed in the method for extracting syngas for synthetic ammonia by using fixed bed intermittent process to regularly and quantitatively introduce vapor and high methane content gas (tail gas for synthetic ammonia) together to obtain the corrected syngas for synthetic ammonia with low methane content and implement low-cost and high-efficiency recovery of tail gas for synthetic ammonia.
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses a method for industrially-treating organic refuse and culturing maggot and earthworm, including the steps of refuse treatment, maggot cultivation and earthworm cultivation, etc. It is simple in process, can repeatedly utilize organic refuse, and does not pollute space and underground water, etc.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a process of producing heavy oil with natural gas and coal and then olefin, aromatic hydrocarbon and fuel oil. The process is one including rectification, catalytic fractionating and cracking. Gas is first produced, coal and catalyst are then added to synthesized heavy oil and light oil, and light oil is finally decomposed into aromatic hydrocarbon, olefin and raw gasoline while heavy oil is fractionated to obtain heavy oil, which is used as fuel and as raw material for extracting anthracene and other product, and residue.
NOVELTY - A microbial silicon-magnesium-calcium fertilizer is produced by mixing a WH microbial poal (sic) with silica powder and magnesiocalcium stone powder, and then fermenting. The fertilizer can be easily applied, neutralizes soil acidity, strengthens stem tissues, raises chlorophyll levels, promotes growth, strengthens resistance, and increases crop yields and quality.
NOVELTY - The invention relates to a method for charging hydrogen further via return checker and oxygen produced by electrolyzing water to engine as fuel and its relevant method for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is compatible with the engine in existence to work safely and effectively also it is practical and economical, and can prolong the service life of engine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The invention relates to a method for charging hydrogen further via return checker and oxygen produced by electrolyzing water to engine as fuel and its relevant method for generating electricity. The gas produced by electrolyzing water passes through gas collector one-way valve, condenser, water filter, booster pump, pressure controller and into gas holder. Then the gas passes further via return checker, flow controller, electromagnetic valve, return checker, pressure stabilizing tank, to mixing tank, in order to start the engine which drives a generator to generate power.
NOVELTY - A bacteriocide containing a culture of Changchuan variety SPRI 98520 CGMCC No.0638 melanospore, is new.    USE - The bacteriocide is very effective against gray mold on crops, corn pellagra and other diseases.    ADVANTAGE - The bacteriocide is potent, inexpensive, has a broad range, is stable and has low toxicity.
NOVELTY - Producing betamethasone dehydrogenating material comprises biological oxidizing dehydrogenation of betamethasone intermediate as substrate and with Arthrobacter, plate frame filtering, drying the fermented filtration cake to obtain dried cake, separation reaction with chemical reagent in mixed chloroform/methanol solvent, concentration and throwing drying.    ADVANTAGE - The said process has raised quality and yield of Betamethasone dehydrogenating material and thus Betamethasone product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Producing betamethasone dehydrogenating material comprises biological oxidizing dehydrogenation of betamethasone intermediate as substrate and with Arthrobacter, plate frame filtering, drying the fermented filtration cake to obtain dried cake, separation reaction with chemical reagent in mixed chloroform/methanol solvent, concentration and throwing drying. The enzyme activity and fermentation converting rate are raised through induction while increasing the material throwing amount through altering material throwing mode and density.
NOVELTY - A multifunctional microbe flora for preparing compound organic fertilizer from garbage is composed of the flora for degradating life garbage in urban area, the flora for improving fertility and the flora with bio-protecting function. Before used, they are amplified singularly or in combination.
NOVELTY - A microbe-catalytic oxidization-reduction process for extracting valuable metals from manganese oxide ore features that the sulfur ferrous oxide bacillus is used as bacterial strain, the culture medium is used, pyrite is used as reducer, and the bacterial infusion of pyrite is used to regulate pH value. After the bacterial strain is neutralized, it is used for catalytic oxidation-reduction reaction of the manganese oxide ore in acidic environment to directly extract valuable metals.    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages include simple process, less investment, low cost and environment protection.
NOVELTY - Catalyst for nonoxidation catalytic dehydrogenation and aromatization of methane is new.    ADVANTAGE - It has excellent heat resisting property or high temperature stability and it has methane converting rate as high as 23% and benzene selectivity as high as 97%, so that it may be used in industry.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst is carrying H2SO4-WOx-AOr/HZSM-5 catalyst, in which HZSM-5 molecular sieve is carrier, A in AOr is selected from Zn, Nb, Mo and other transition metal or La and other RE elements, and the contents of the components other than HZSM-5 are: 0.2-2. 0% for AOr by the amount of A, 0.5-8% for H2SO4, 0.6-5% for WOx by the amount of W. It is prepared through soaking process.
NOVELTY - The superstrong acid type molecular sieve catalyst is prepared with hydrogen type ZSM -5, ZSM -11 or beta-molecular sieve, adhesive and pore-creating agent and through forming, drying at room temperature to 120 deg.C and roast at 300-700 deg.C.    ADVANTAGE - This kind of catalyst can isomerize n-butane into isobutane at 100-300 deg.C with n-butane converting rate reaching 53% and isobutane selectivity reaching 85%. The reaction course is suitable for application in industry.
NOVELTY - A first supply line is connected to a compressor (11) and a cathode chamber (4). At least one branch line is connected to the first supply line for supplying oxygen-containing gas to at least one component of the gas generation system and a junction point downstream of the fuel cell. The cathode exhaust from the cathode chamber and anode exhaust from an anode chamber (5) of the fuel cell is combined.    USE - For supplying an oxygen-containing gas to a polymer ion exchange membrane fuel cell system e.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - A simple, lightweight, and self-regulating design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for:    (a) a fuel cell system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic representation of one embodiment of an apparatus for supplying an oxygen-containing gas to a fuel cell system.    cathode chamber (4)    anode chamber (5)    compressor (11)
NOVELTY - The method involves operating a fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell with an anode stream passage and a cathode stream passage. An anode supply system supplies a hydrogen-rich gas to the anode stream passage. A cathode supply system supplies an oxidant stream to the cathode stream passage. A controller operates the anode and cathode supply systems. The method involves operating one supply system in dependence on the dynamic response of the other supply system.    USE - For regulating electrical power output of a fuel cell system e.g. in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improved regulating of power supply from fuel cell to load.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows apparatus for regulating the electrical power output of a fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - Apparatus, with heat pipes to control reactor bed (502) temperatures, for conversion of hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen rich gas comprises: (1) hydrocarbon reforming reactor; (2) water gas shift reactor; and (3) selective oxidation reactor.    USE - For converting hydrocarbon fuel into a hydrogen rich gas for use in conjunction with a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is a simple and efficient unit for converting a hydrocarbon fuel to a hydrogen rich gas stream for use in conjunction with a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus, with heat pipes to control reactor bed (502) temperatures, for conversion of hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen rich gas comprises:    (1) hydrocarbon reforming reactor with catalyst for reacting a fuel mixture under reforming conditions, to give a hydrogen-containing gas mixture;    (2) water gas shift reactor containing a catalyst for reacting the hydrogen-containing gas mixture, under water gas shift conditions, to give an intermediate gas mixture with a reduced carbon monoxide content; and    (3) selective oxidation reactor with catalyst for reacting intermediate gas mixture, under selective oxidation conditions, to produce the hydrogen rich gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional top view of a heat pipe.    Reactor beds (502)    Heat pipe (504, 508)
NOVELTY - An imaging composition comprises a mixture of a compressed fluid and a functional material that is dispersed and/or solubilized in the fluid. The mixture is thermodynamically stable and/or thermodynamically metastable.    USE - Imaging composition for ink-jet, organic light emitting diode display, color filter arrays, coating applications, polymer filler, and thin film formation applications.    ADVANTAGE - The composition permits high speed, accurate, precise deposition of a functional material on a receiver. It can be used to create high-resolution patterns on a receiver and has reduced material agglomeration characteristics.
NOVELTY - Providing biphasic compositions useful in the treatment of accidental oil spills in the sea.    USE - As dispersant of oil substance in water for treating oils spills in sea.    ADVANTAGE - The biphasic composition has improved dispersing efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A biphasic dispersing composition comprises a hydrophilic surfactant which is insoluble in oil or organic solvent, and an organic carrier miscible with oil.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) method for preparation of biphasic dispersing composition which involves mixing the surfactant with the organic solvent, and grinding the mixture in a mill until the desired granule-size is obtained;    (2) method for dispersing oil products in the sea which involves treating oil spills with the biphasic composition; and    (3) use of the biphasic composition as dispersants of oil substances in water.
NOVELTY - The organic material and fermented mass are mixed such that density of the organic material is equal to the density of the fermented mass during the expansion of mixture. The mixture is added to the fermentation chamber (1A) containing fermenting mass.    USE - For fermenting biodegradable organic material such as organic material of domestic and industrial waste, slurry from water purification installations and paper industry.    ADVANTAGE - As the mixture added to fermentation chamber sinks faster than the remaining fermenting mass, optimum fermentation is established in the fermentation chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for anaerobic fermentation device of organic material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical cross-sectional view of anaerobic fermentation device.    Fermentation tank (1)    Fermentation chamber (1A)    Transport Device (3)    Mixer (4)    Pump (5)    Expansion vessel (6)    Opened valve (7)    Outlet (8, 22)    Screws (9)    Branch (10)    Valve (11, 14, 16, 18)    Transport Screw (12)    Dewatering device (13)    Press water (13A)    Press cake (13B)    Water Conduit (15)    Conduit (17, 19, 20)    Level of fermenting mass (21)
NOVELTY - Formation of a synthesis gas comprises devolatilizing a feed material in a controlled manner to avoid pyrolysis and to form a char, combining the char with steam and passing the steam through a heated reaction vessel.    USE - For producing a synthesis gas from biomass or other carbonaceous material.    ADVANTAGE - The controlled devolatilization reaction minimizes pyrolysis of the feed material. The invention utilizes the formed synthesis gas to provide energy for the necessary gasification. This provides for a high purity synthesis gas and avoids production of slag.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a synthesis gas-producing apparatus comprising a devolatilization section (14) in communication with a gasification section, wherein the devolatilization section includes a feed material inlet directed towards devolatilization zones leading to the gasification section, and the gasification section is located in a heated compartment; a heater directed to force heated air through the reaction zone; an exhaust directing the heated air from the reaction zone to the devolatilization section; and a feeder adapted to force reactants through the reaction zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a synthesis gas-producing apparatus of the invention.    Feed hopper (12)    Devolatilization section (14)    Cyclone feeder (16)    Reaction coil (18)    Burner (22)    Devolatilization reaction zones (42, 44, 46, 48)    Auger (50)    Eductor (96)
NOVELTY - A heat exchanger jacket (12) that surrounds a fuel injector (14) has a wall which is in mechanical contact with a mounting substrate to form a plenum space (39). An inlet port (48) provided in the jacket admits fuel into plenum space and an outlet port (52) withdraws fuel from the plenum space. A connection is established between inlet and outlet ports to supply heated fuel from heat exchanger to fuel injector.    USE - For preheating fuel supplied to internal combustion engine (claimed) and a fuel cell hydrocarbon reformer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel is maintained at high pressure, thereby prevents premature vaporization of the fuel in the exchanger or the injector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a heat exchanger;    (2) an internal combustion engine; and    (3) a hydrocarbon reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an elevational view of the fuel injector assembly.    heat exchanger jacket (12)    fuel injector (14)    plenum space (39)    inlet port (48)    outlet port (52)
NOVELTY - A production method of liquid fertilizer having low phosphate content and organic fertilizer(compost) using starfish is provided. The resultant fertilizer improves soil acidity and replaces chemical fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid fertilizer is produced by mixing 89-94wt.% of starfish, 1-2wt.% of unrefined sugar, 6-8wt.% of natural organic acid(unhulled vinegar) or pyroligneous liquid and 0.4-0.6wt.% of anaerobic microbes, followed by fermenting and aging. The compost is produced by mixing starfish, sea sand or yellow earth, rice hull, microbes in a ratio of 38-40 : 24.5-25 : 29-30 : 4.5-5, followed by fermenting. The optimum condition for fermentation is as follows: 18-25deg.C temperature, 60-70% humidity and 60-70% cut-off light.
NOVELTY - Provided is a manufacturing method of organic fertilizer containing a large quantity of nitrogen for growth promotion of plants by adding nitrogenous fertilizer and N-fixing bacteria in secondary fermentation unlike conventional manufacturing method of organic fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The manufacturing method of organic fertilizer comprises the steps of: mixing organic raw materials such as animal wastes, ash, sawdust, leaf mold, etc.; adding aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and fermenting at 70-80deg.C for 15days; stirring the mixture at room temperature, fermenting again for 10days, and adding nitrogenous fertilizer such as urea, (NH4)2SO4 and lime nitrogen, and then N-fixing bacteria such as rhizobium, azotobacter and clostridium to increase nitrogen content of the fertilizer mixture; compressing and cutting for making tablets; coating fertilizer tablets with zeolite, yellow earth or charcoal; and drying.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for rapid and efficient fermentation and evaporation of animal wastes is provided, which enables to move animal wastes vertically for sufficient oxygen supply, keep temperature of fermentation vessel and discharge evaporated vapor smoothly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus for fermentation and evaporation is characterized by comprising the parts of: a fermentation vessel(30) containing saw dust and animal wastes; a heating pipe filled with hot water(at least80deg.C) to heat the mixture of saw dust and animal wastes, where water is circulated and cooled water flows into a boiler to keep mixture temperature constant; a base(10) with a first and a second passage for moving the mixture to conveyor belt from fermentation vessel; a first(100) and a second(110) spiral axis, being in the first and the second passage, respectively, rotated by operation of speed-reducing motors(43,240,250,270) when the temperature of the mixture arrives at 75deg.C; a conveyor belt(260), driven by power of the speed-reducing motors for supplying the mixture, moved forwards through the spiral axises to the fermentation vessel; an air-supply(70) and an air-discharge(72) tube with holes where the air is poured into the mixture when the mixture temperature is too high, the oxygen supply into the mixture is needed, and the vapor and gas inside the mixture are discharged.
NOVELTY - Provided are a method and an apparatus for manufacturing compost using wastes such as waste food, sewage waste and animal waste. The manufactured fertilizer prevents environmental pollution, helps growth of plant and enriches acidified soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The good quality compost is manufactured by the following steps of: crushing waste food, sewage waste and animal waste mixed in a ratio of 40 : 30 : 30 in a mixing vessel(11); adding 5-10wt.% of aqueous hardening agent; carrying a mixture into a heating vessel(16) with a belt conveyor(15); crushing the mixture again and heating between 240 and 290deg.C. The compost manufacturing apparatus contains the parts of: a mixing vessel; a pair of screws(13,18) set inside of the heating vessel; a heating vessel with a space(20) filled with a heat catalyst(oil), surrounded with a coil(22), on its body; a gas tank(23) whose one side and the other side are connected to the inside and a burner(25) set on the outside of the heating vessel, respectively.
NOVELTY - Multiple long, slender and asymmetrical convex ridges (42,43,44) are arranged in multiple rows along the linear portion (511) of gas flow-path slot (51).    USE - Fuel cell separator.    ADVANTAGE - Provides fuel cell separator with improved gas diffusion property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of fuel cell separator.    asymmetrical convex ridges (42,43,44)    gas flow-path slot (51)    linear portion (511)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage container (22) contains a hydrogen occlusion object, which is detachedly fixed to a fuel cell electric vehicle (21). A connector connects a hydrogen distribution channel that is opened or closed by a valve mechanism between the hydrogen storage container and fuel cell.    USE - For fuel cell electric vehicle (claimed), service station.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen storage container is transferred simply and easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) fuel cell electric vehicle;    (2) hydrogen storage container;    (3) hydrogen stacker for fuel cell electric vehicle;    (4) hydrogen storage container conveyor; and    (5) exchange device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of the hydrogen supply apparatus.    Fuel cell electric vehicle (21)    Hydrogen storage container (22)
NOVELTY - Water supplied to a fuel cell is treated by an ion exchange resin.    USE - The method treats the water supplied to the fuel cell and also finds its application in treating a heat medium in a cooler.    ADVANTAGE - The method recovers the high-temperature water discharged from the fuel cell and refines a solution to high purity even at 70-90 degrees C.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Water supplied to a fuel cell is treated using a strongly basic anion exchange resin with a structural unit of formula (1).    A = 4-8C alkylene oxymethylene bonded to benzene ring by 3-8C straight chain or branched alkylene or methylene;    R1, R2, R3 = 6C or less alkyl or 6C or less hydroxyalkyl;    X = counter ion.
NOVELTY - A power generation system has a modifier (13) and a fuel cell (1) for generating hydrogen from the hydrocarbon fuel in a storage facility (11). A hydrogen booster (22) increases the pressure of the hydrogen gas refined in a refining unit (21), which is supplied to a hydrogen supply unit (24).    USE - For motor vehicle e.g. car.    ADVANTAGE - Enables supply of hydrogen and hydrocarbon fuel to difference kinds of motor vehicles simultaneously.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)    Storage facility (11)    Modifier (13)    Refining unit (21)    Hydrogen booster (22)    Hydrogen supply unit (24)
NOVELTY - An electromagnetic vibrator or small sized power driven hydraulic vibrator (13) adds a dynamic welding force to a press roller contacting a ring-shaped die (2).    USE - For molding RDF from industrial and domestic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The vibrator reduces the resistance of the waste material while passing through the die hole, and thus reduces the processing difficulty and prevents plugging of the ring-shaped die. Provides effective molding by stable driving operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of RDF molding machine.    Ring-shaped die (2)    Vibrator (13)
NOVELTY - A mixture of hydrogen gas and non-combustible gas is supplied from a gas supply system (4) to a conduit (5). The hydrogen gas is separated from the mixture at several points within the conduit. The remaining gas rich in non-combustible gas is returned to the gas supply system.    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to motor vehicle, using town gas conduit.    ADVANTAGE - By utilizing the existing town gas conduit for supply of hydrogen gas to the fuel cell of the motor vehicle, the cost associated with the hydrogen gas supply is reduced. Also the requirement for natural gas modifier is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the town gas supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas supply system (4)    Conduit (5)
NOVELTY - The servo brake circuit is for a fuel cell motor vehicle which has an electric motor (6) fed by a fuel cell (2) with a motor-compressor group for air-fuel feed to the cell. The servo system has a compressed air brake (9) supplied from the motor-compressor group of the motor. The circuit can have a solenoid control pilot valve (13) connected to the motor compressor group.    USE - For servo-brakes in fuel cell powered vehicle    ADVANTAGE - Allows simple construction with low weight    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Claims include a method of brake assistance using the circuit    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows circuit diagram for servo system    Fuel cell (2)    Electric motor (6)    Compressed air brake (9)    Control pilot valve (13)
NOVELTY - A pressurized bottle (50) supplies hydrogen through a discharge valve device (52) and is contained in a receiving tank (12) with compartments with a closed end (124) and an open end. The bottles are fixed to quick connections (14) including a retaining ring (142) and a slit (146) to accommodate a locking device (54). When a bottle is inserted and rotated, the locking device moves and an urge pin (144) is inserted into the discharge valve to activate gas discharge. Hydrogen gas is generated by heating metal hydride in the bottle using heaters (16).    USE - Supplying hydrogen to fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the device    Quick connections (14)    Heaters (16)    Gas bottle (50)    Valve device (52)    Locking device (54)
NOVELTY - An anode gas supply (60) provides hydrogen gas required for a reaction in the fuel cell (80) and the gas flows through a switch (62) and a regulating device (64) to the fuel cell and the switch is used to control the flow rate, while an anode stream re-circulation system comprises a sensor (66), such as a pressure sensor, to detect gas discharged from the fuel cell. A humidifier (70) is for adjusting the humidity of the gas discharged from the cell and then used to form gas re-circulation.    USE - Hydrogen re-circulation in proton exchange membrane fuel cell gas system.    ADVANTAGE - Improved overall efficiency of electrical power generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the system    Gas supply (60)    Switch (62)    Regulating device (64)    Pressure sensor (66)    Humidifier (70)    Fuel cell (80)
NOVELTY - A bipolar plate of a fuel cell comprises a metal central area (31) and a surrounding plastic area (33) and the metal has continuous corrugations formed on its surface (32) to form plural grooves so that the cathode and anode gases can be individually directed into the grooves. Holes (40,42) are connected to the grooves for input/output of gas and the second surface includes holes (44,46).    USE - Manufacturing bipolar plates of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified manufacturing process with reduced construction costs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a bipolar plate    Metal area (31)    Plastic area (33)    Holes (40,42,44,46)
NOVELTY - Process for decontaminating soil and/or ground water contaminated with methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) comprises aeration with methane-containing air and simultaneous air aspiration.    USE - For decontaminating soil and/or ground water contaminated with methyl t-butyl ether, which is used as an antiknock agent in fuels.    ADVANTAGE - The methane serves as a carbon and energy source for soil microorganisms and thus accelerates biodegradation of the methyl t-butyl ether.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows apparatus for carrying out the aeration part of the process, comprising a series of storage tanks and valves for adding methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and triethyl phosphate to an air stream in a cyclic manner (8 hours on, 36 hours off) in amounts of 0.5-1.5, 0.011 and 0.002 vol.% respectively. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - In a reaction system with single synthesis reactor, the original methane synthesizing reactor is used as the main reactor, and one auxiliary heat-insulated reactor is set before or after the main reactor in serial connects mode and filed with methane synthesizing catalyst and with synthesis temperature controlled in 200-240 deg.C.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a reaction system with single synthesis reactor, the original methane synthesizing reactor is used as the main reactor, and one auxiliary heat-insulated reactor is set before or after the main reactor in serial connects mode and filed with methane synthesizing catalyst and with synthesis temperature controlled in 200-240 deg.C. The secondary reactor is set preferably before the main reactor for a 5-10% higher methane yield.
NOVELTY - A process for biologically treating garbage to obtain active ecological fertilizer and reclaiming it includes separating organic substance from inorganic materials, biological fermentation of organic substance, baking, adding P, K trace elements and mineral to obtain granular active ecological fertilizer, crushing the inorganic materials, sterilizing, mixing with cement, drying accelerator and pigments, and die pressing to obtain colour tiles or building blocks.
NOVELTY - A sheep dung brick fertilizer for soiless cultivation and field cultivation is prepared through putting the said bricks in fermenting pool, adding water, taking them out after they are saturated, drying in air, repeating the said steps 3-5 times, breaking, adding the seeds of artemisia matifeldii, stirring, and baking.
NOVELTY - A microbial organic fertilizer is prepared from the sludge discharged from the sewage treatment plant through drying in air until it becomes loose blocks, adding 2-3% of urea, uniforming mixing, stacking, fermenting under retained temp. for 48-72 hr, then restacking, further fermenting for 48 hr, and drying in air. It has high fertility.
NOVELTY - DNA sequence (I) that encodes an FER protein (II) is: (i) 1789 bp (S1) or 1088 bp (S2), or their fragments; (ii) a sequence that encodes a 297 amino acid (aa) protein (3), or its fragments; (iii) a degenerate variant of (i) and (ii), and its fragments; (iv) a sequence with at least 45, preferably 98% identity with (1) or (2); and (v) a derivative, analog or fragment of (i)-(iv). All sequence information is fully defined in the specification.    USE - (I) is used to produce transgenic plants with increased contents of inorganic materials, specifically iron, e.g. for use as food or for bioremediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals.    ADVANTAGE - Expression of (II) makes it possible to increase the inorganic material content of plants, without the expense of applying additional fertilizers, and the increase improves plant vitality, biomass production and yields. Also FER-expressing plants can be grown of mineral-deficient soils, and since they compete better with weeds and pests for iron, they should have increased resistance, reducing the demand for pesticides and herbicides. The increased iron content also improves the nutritional value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) recombinant nucleic acid (Ia) that comprises (I) linked to the regulatory sequence of a promoter functional in plant cells, optionally also other regulatory sequences;    (2) recombinant FER protein (II) encoded by (I) that is sequence (3) or its fragment, or sequences with at least 45, best 98, % identity;    (3) altering the inorganic metabolism of a plant;    (4) plant cells containing (I) or (Ia), or produced by method (3); and    (5) transgenic plants consisting of cells of (4), or produced by method (3), also their harvested or replicative materials and transgenic progeny.
NOVELTY - Disposing biosolids by providing a supply of biosolids, forming a slurry (A3) of biosolids suitable for injection, selecting an injection formation (A4) below a ground surface, injecting the biosolid slurry into injection formation at a pressure sufficient to create and maintain fractures within the injection formation, and allowing degradation of injected biosolid slurry, is new.    USE - For the disposal of biosolids derived from municipal sewage waste, wastewater treatment waste, animal waste, and/or non-human-non-animal industrial waste (claimed). It can be used to dispose solids other than biosolids, and enables production of useable gases.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method provides less risk for environmental contamination compared to conventional methods of disposal. It does not permit the release of carbon dioxide and other green house gases into atmosphere, and produces usable products, e.g. methane, useful as a clean energy source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic diagram of a biosolid disposal method.    Biosolid slurry (A3)    Injection formation (A4).
NOVELTY - A pair of coolant flow field plates has respective orifices which has corresponding portion of the gas manifolds (247,249). An electrically insulating material is provided between the plates, such that the insulating material extends into the gas manifold.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Since small amount of coolant is exposed to plate material, the corrosion of the plate material is reduced. Reduces the rate of electrolysis reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Fuel cell system operating method; and    (2) Fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan view of the anode flow field plate.    Gas manifolds (247,249)
NOVELTY - An apparatus and a method for vermicomposting organic waste matter using earthworm are provided which automate all processes so that the apparatus is operated by a small number of people, and set an index for confirming whether appropriate level of casting is produced or not so that casting of uniformed quality is produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus for vermicomposting organic waste matter using earthworm comprises a feeding means(200) which is formed on the upper part of a frame, into which the organic waste matter is injected to be crushed, and which is reciprocated along the total length of a chamber(110) to drop the crushed waste matter; a casting separation means(300) which is installed lengthwise at the lower part of the chamber and separately discharges casting as it is being rotated; and an earthworm allurement means which is installed at one side of the upper part of the chamber so that earthworm is gathered to the upper part by spraying a liquid material having a sweet taste onto the inside of the chamber, wherein the apparatus further comprises a switch means(500) that is installed underneath the feeding means to shut off inflow of light into the chamber, the apparatus further comprises a water spray means(600) for spraying water for controlling humidity inside the chamber(110), and a temperature control means, the apparatus further comprises a leachate storage tank(700) that is installed at the lower part of the casting separation means to collect leachate, and the leachate storage tank further comprises a detection means for detecting characteristic values of the leachate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the apparatus.    chamber (110)    feeding means (200)    separation means (300)    switch means (500)    water spray means (600)    leachate storage tank (700)
NOVELTY - The cooling layers (18) cool a hydrogen contained aromatic compound and a chemical hybrid to produce their corresponding vapors. The catalyst layers (21) arranged alternately with the cooling layers, are equipped with a catalyst (21a) for dehydrogenating and liquefying the vapors from the cooling layers.    USE - For generating/storing hydrogen for fuel cell used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - By providing catalyst layers alternately with the cooling layers, the reaction efficiency of dehydrogenation reaction of the catalyst layers is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen generation/storage apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    cooling layers (18)    catalyst layers(21a) catalyst (21)
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas, is passed through a carbon monoxide transformer which is packed with iron-chromium catalyst and platinum catalyst sequentially along the direction of flow of the gas, and the carbon monoxide is reformed.    USE - For reformation of carbon monoxide to produce hydrogen rich reformed gas and the reformed gas is used as fuel for a solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide is reformed efficiently and the reduction of the catalyst activity is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the reformation of carbon monoxide in the reformed gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Hydrogen generation apparatus for a fuel cell comprises a modifier (100) with a catalyst holder, a nozzle (101) to supply material necessary for reaction to the modifier and a discharge mechanism that emits the droplets condensed inside the modifier.    USE - For generating hydrogen used as fuel for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The condensed droplet is emitted using discharge mechanism preventing abnormalities.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the structure of the hydrogen generation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (100)    nozzle (101)    modification catalyst portion (130)
NOVELTY - A fuel high temperature heat exchanger (7) generates high temperature gas by burning a portion of the reformed gas and transfers heat of high temperature gas to heating gas. An air high temperature heat exchanger (3) transfers the heat from the oxygen containing gas emitted from a modifier (1). The reformed gas and the oxygen containing gas are introduced into a combustor (2) for circulation.    USE - Fuel reformation system for fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates compact apparatus and improves electric power generation efficiency during usage of same amount of heating gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline structure of the fuel reformation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (1)    combustor (2)    air high temperature heat exchanger (3)    fuel high temperature heat exchanger (7)
NOVELTY - A combustible-gas processing facility (2) is provided to cool and clean combustible gas from a gasifier (1). The cooled and cleaned combustible gas is supplied as a fuel for a drying apparatus (3).    USE - Used for the thermal decomposition of garbage, e.g. general waste or industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - As the cleaned combustible gas is utilized as fuel for drying apparatus, the economical efficiency of the gasification system is improved. As the exhaust gas amount is reduced, the size of waste-gas processing facility is reduced, thereby achieving reduction in installation cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gasifier is provided for the thermal decomposition gasification of garbage to produce combustible gas which is cooled and cleaned by a combustible gas processing facility. A melting furnace (5) is provided to melt the dust of cleaned combustible gas. A pre-heater (64) exchanges heat of oxygen containing gas with the waste gas from a combustion furnace (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the gasification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gasifier (1)    Combustible-gas processing facility (2)    Drying apparatus (3)    Combustion furnace (4)    Melting furnace (5)    Pre-heater (64)
NOVELTY - A conveyor belt (13) conveys the solid substance (21) and water to a separator (12) which separates the solid substance from the water. A fermentation tank (22) generates a fertilizer raw material by fermenting the separated solid substance using aerobic bacteria.    USE - For manufacturing raw material of fertilizer used in treating garbage ejected from restaurants, hospitals and factories.    ADVANTAGE - The salt and acidity contained in the solid substance are diluted by the water, and hence fertilizer raw material of suitable salt and acidity is produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fertilizer raw material manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the fertilizer raw material manufacturing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Separator (12)    Conveyor belt (13)    Solid substance (21)    Fermentation tank (22)
NOVELTY - A mixing device (1) is provided with multiple screws (5) to mix and grind the auxiliary material (C) to the organic substance (A) based on the water content. The mixture is heated and passed through a construction path so as to form lumps. The lumps are supplied to grinding device (17) where the lumps are ground to form fodder.    USE - For processing organic substance such as excrements, sewage sludge, food residue, to produce fodder, fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Performs reliable processing of the organic substance without generating odor, by mixing auxiliary material to organic substance based on water content. Obtains good quality manure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of the organic substance processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Mixing device (1)    Screws (5)    Grinding device (17)    Organic substance (A)    Water content adjustment material (B)    Auxiliary material (C)
NOVELTY - The separators (21,31) with gas passageways (41,42) are provided respectively for supplying an oxidizing agent gas and heating gas to the electrodes (12,13) containing gaseous diffusion layer and a catalyst layer. A cation exchange resin is provided to the separator surface in contact with gaseous diffusion layer.    USE - Used as portable power supply, electric vehicle, domestic co-generation system, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Metal corrosion in electrode catalyst is prevented. Diffusion of metal ion to an electrolyte film is prevented. Provides stable output for long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for operation method of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of fuel cell units.    Electrodes (12,13)    Separators (21,31)    Gas passageways (41,42)
NOVELTY - Catalyst for reaction of hydrocarbon with steam comprises: (a) Porous composite oxide carrier containing magnesium and aluminum; and (b) Nickel metal in the form of fine particles carried on the porous composite oxide carrier.    USE - Used in the production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high catalytic activity, and exhibits a less deterioration in catalytic activity over time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Catalyst for reaction of hydrocarbon with steam comprises:    (a) Porous composite oxide carrier containing magnesium and aluminum; and    (b) Nickel metal in the form of fine particles carried on the porous composite oxide carrier.    The catalyst comprises 5 - 55%wt magnesium; 5 - 35%wt aluminum; 1.2 - 60%wt nickel; and 50 - 85%wt total amount of magnesium, aluminum and nickel. The catalyst has a specific surface area of 40 - 300 m/g, and the fine nickel metal particles have an average particle diameter of at most 10 nm.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (i) Production of hydrogen from hydrocarbon using the catalyst; and    (ii) Use of the catalyst for producing hydrogen from a hydrocarbon.
NOVELTY - The leak location method has the anode gas space of the fuel cells supplied with a fuel gas and the cathode gas space supplied with an oxidation gas, with interruption of the gas feed to one gas space and rinsing of the latter with an inert gas, the cell voltages of the fuel cells being monitored and evaluated via a computer (17) coupled to an image screen.    USE - The method is used for locating a gas leak in a fuel cell block with a number of fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Rapid location of relatively small gas leaks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell block with a number of fuel cells.    Computer (17)
NOVELTY - The process involves the passage of hydrogen through a membrane selective to hydrogen by contact of the hydrogen-rich effluent with one side of the membrane, and circulating a gaseous flow containing unsaturated compounds at a lower pressure on the other side of the membrane.    USE - The process enables the recovery of hydrogen from cracking effluents which would otherwise be included in the supply to a fuel-gas reservoir of the refinery and used as a fuel. The recovered hydrogen can be used in other refining units such as hydrotreatment of gas oils and petrol.    ADVANTAGE - The process can be coupled to a chemical reaction such as a catalytic hydrogenation. This is favorable in that the membrane allows a separation/reaction synergy with a substantial gain in terms of compactness, operating costs and investment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recovery of hydrogen from a gaseous hydrocarbon effluent is effected by the steps:    (a) passing a gaseous effluent rich in hydrogen in contact with the up-stream face of a hydrogen-selective membrane at a pressure P1;    (b) circulation of a flow containing unsaturated compound(s) in contact with the down-stream face of the membrane at a pressure P2 lower than P1 and in the presence of a catalyst for hydrogenation of the unsaturated compounds by the permeated hydrogen; and    (c) transportation of the flow comprising the hydrogenated compound(s).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a basic outline of the process.    supply of H2-rich gas; (1)    outlet for dehydrogenated gas; (2)    inlet for light hydrocarbon gas containing aromatics; (3)    outlet for hydrogenated naphtha gas; (4)    membrane; (5)    upstream zone; (6)    downstream zone; (7)    separation system. (15)
NOVELTY - Catalyst for separating carbon monoxide from a reform mixture comprises a support of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide or their mixtures or mixed oxides and gold and ruthenium in a wt. ratio of 5:1-1:5.    USE - for removing CO from a gas mixture.    ADVANTAGE - The selectivity and activity are high at temperatures between 80 and 120degreesC and between 120 and 150degreesC.
NOVELTY - Preparing biological diesel oil from waste plant or animal oil includes alcoholysis and esterifying reactions under the existence of an acidic catalyst, separating out the excessive non-product part to obtain coarse product, adding saturated aqueous solution of edible salt containing sodium carbonate (10%), neutralizing reaction, adding industrial sodium carbonate, heating distillation and collecting the gas-phase fraction at 22-320 degrees C to obtain biological diesel oil. Its advantages are high performance no pollution, and simple preparing process.
(CN1382654-A)   NOVELTY - The device comprises shell, mixing apparatus, motor and inlet for organic garbage. A digestion cell, which is covered by oil jacket heating chamber with electric heater, is surrounded by insulating material, is formed inside shell and waste gas deodorization apparatus is arranged on top back corner of shell. The garbage mixing apparatus is installed on support shaft of digestion cell and driven by the motor.    USE - For decomposing organic garbage completely by biochemical treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Organic garbage is decomposed completely and the device discharges no liquid or solid residue.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device comprises shell, mixing apparatus, motor and inlet for organic garbage. A digestion cell, which is covered by oil jacket heating chamber with electric heater, which is surrounded by insulated material, is formed inside shell and waste gas deodorization apparatus is arranged on top back corner of shell. The garbage mixing apparatus is installed on support shaft of digestion cell and driven by motor. The device comprises porous carrier and many kinds of microbes such as phototrophic bacteria, lactic acid, yeast and actinomycetes, which are supported on the porous carrier.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a preparation of liquid bacterial strain fermentation treatment agent for lawn repairing material. Said invention uses (by volume) Lactobacillus plantarum 1-2, Streptococcus themplilus 1-3, Candida tropicalis 1-2 and bacterial liquor of Trichloderma sp. 2-4 to form fermentation agent. Said invention liquor high-efficiency bacterial strain fermentation agent can effectively make lawn repairing material degrade, at the same time the fermentation liquor can be sprayed on lawn to increase nutrient supply for lawn to make lawn grow normally.
NOVELTY - The membrane includes one or more cavities (2) filled with aqueous electrolyte and connected to electrolyte supply and/or return lines (3,4).    USE - For a fuel cell design with particular emphasis on its proton-conducting membrane.    ADVANTAGE - Moisture content of the membrane influences its proton conductivity. To achieve stable, high power output levels, this moisture level must be controlled. The new design improves supply of aqueous electrolyte into the membrane structure. Because contact with the solution is intimate, wetting is constant, unlike the case where wicking is used in the gas distribution structures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the method of fuel cell operation, in which the electrolyte is held under pressure in the cavity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic cross section of the fuel cell.    cavities (2)    electrolyte supply and/or return lines (3,4)
NOVELTY - The method involves feeding combustion agent to A reforming reactor in a first phase of the system start phase, generating fuel from the combustion agent, adding oxygen to the reforming reactor that is partly filled with fuel and is catalytically combusting the fuel in the reforming reactor.    USE - For operating a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - A single dosing point for adding oxygen for catalytic combustion of two different components is sufficient, enabling simplification of the system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves feeding fuel to an anode chamber of a fuel cell unit, removing anode gas, feeding an oxidant to a cathode chamber, removing cathode gas, generating a reformate containing fuel in a reforming reactor (1) of a gas generation system (10) and cleaning it in subsequent components (2,3). Combustion agent is fed to the reforming reactor in a first phase of the system start phase, fuel is generated from the combustion agent, the reforming reactor partly filled with fuel is subjected to oxygen and the fuel is catalytically combusted in the reforming reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an inventive device    reforming reactor (1)    subsequent components (2,3)    gas generation system (10)
NOVELTY - A process for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions involves using an alkali-philic or alkali-tolerant actinomycete PTA 3422.    USE - Recovering metal ions from industrial waste water to control pollution and recover valuable metals such as gold, platinum and silver. The process is used in conjunction with (a) mining and processing of minerals, (b) nuclear and other industrial effluents, (c) brewing and distillery wastes, (d) biocides and preservatives including organometallic compounds, (e) leather industry, (f) metal refining and cleaning, (g) electroplating, metal processing and dyeing industry etc.    ADVANTAGE - The process results in a reduction of pollution due to the recovery of toxic metals from the industrial effluent stream and provides an economical route to recover precious metals such as gold, platinum and silver in good yield.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell comprises an electrical load (16), an anode (14) and a cathode (20) containing catalysts, a proton conducting material, and sources for methanol (12) and hydrogen peroxide (18). The hydrogen peroxide source feeds hydrogen peroxide solution for reaction at the cathode.    USE - For producing electricity (claimed) for submarines and other underwater applications.    ADVANTAGE - The oxygen source for the cathode is hydrogen peroxide solution and hence the cell can be used in submarines and for underwater applications, where air is scarce. The catalyst particles present in the anode are coated with a wetting agent, which improves the wetting property of the anode. The oxygen solvent present in the catalyst layer of the cathode, has high oxygen solubility and hence hydrogen peroxide is utilized effectively. Unreacted methanol and hydrogen peroxide are recycled to respective chambers for maintaining the concentration. Water-vapor produced at the cathode is condensed and conserved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the generation of electricity in a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel cell using hydrogen peroxide solution.    Methanol source (12)    Anode (14)    Electrical load (16)    Hydrogen peroxide source (18)    Cathode (20)
NOVELTY - Waste from poultry and livestock farms is mixed with moisture-absorbing materials and resulting mix is subjected to solid-phase fermentation using stimulator based on microorganisms, in particular consortium based on strains Bacillus subtilis P-1, Clostridium P-2, Micrococcus urea P-3 and fungal strain Sporotrichum pruinosum P-4 in the form of aqueous suspension of cells or in the form of dry powder at biomass concentration 0.05-0.1% of the weight of composted mix. Composting is conducted at 20 to 70 C and moisture 50-60% during 5-7 days.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Intensified composting process and improved quality of product. 2 cl, 6 ex
NOVELTY - Method consists in mixing of sediments of municipal sewage waters with detoxifier in the form of mordenite-containing tuff. Sediments of municipal sewage waters with fractions sizing up to 5 mm are mixed with mordenite-containing tuff in fractions sizing within 2 mm in weight ratio of (1-2):1, respectively.    USE - Agriculture, particularly, methods of production of organomineral fertilizer mixtures.    ADVANTAGE - Higher efficiency of use of organomineral fertilizer mixture based on sediments of municipal sewage waters.
NOVELTY - Proposed method consists in treatment of aqueous solution with strain of alga Chlorella vulgaris ==P NC-III at load of 107-109.    USE - Biological cleaning of aqueous solutions.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced efficiency. 2 tbl
NOVELTY - Texturizer is prepared by means of successive extraction of biomass of Mortierella globulifera micromycete by nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract with hard residue.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified production of texturizer and broadened range of its application.
NOVELTY - Plant has successively communicated units of coagulation-flotation and biofilter. It is additionally provided with sand trap, ozonoflotator, catalytic reactor with charge of solid adsorbent installed between coagulation-flotation unit and biofilter, unit for treatment of salvo ejections of organic compounds consisting of vessels with aluminum sulfate and lime milk, ferment preparation, adsorbent-vermiculite and hydrogen peroxide all provided with respective measuring devices, intermediate vessel, pump and filter with highly porous medium.    USE - Deep purification of sewage waters from difficultly oxidizable organic compounds.    ADVANTAGE - Higher efficiency of sewage water purification from difficultly oxidizable organic compounds. 5 c;, 2 dwg
NOVELTY - After mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives, mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Mortierella jenkinii micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, and pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Technology of producing dry reducible nutritious mixtures.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life.
NOVELTY - After mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives, mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Mortierella pusilla micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, and pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Technology of producing dry reducible nutritious mixtures.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life.
NOVELTY - Ground fat, protein and carbohydrate components are mixed with water and mineral additive. They are heated, homogenized, and pancreatin is introduced. Mixture is divided into two parts, one of which is subjected to fermentolysis. Both parts are dried and crushed. Then at mixing, introduced is a preparation produced by means of successive extraction of biomass of Mortierella lignicola micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water. After it, the first extract is combined with hard residue, and reduced by water before using.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - After grinding of protein, fat and carbohydrate components, their mixing with water and mineral additive, and heating in the process of homogenization, mineral and enzyme additive is introduced. Its composition includes preparation produced by means of successive extraction of biomass of Mortierella hydrophila micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract and hard residue. Then mixture is dried without oxygen access, crushed and reduced by water before using.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased quality of product.
NOVELTY - Ground fat, protein and carbohydrate components are mixed with water and mineral additive, heated and homogenized. After it, pancreatin is introduced, and mixture is divided into two parts, one of which is subjected to fermentolysis. Both parts are dried, crushed, and mixed during introduction of preparation produced by means of successive extraction of biomass of Saprolegnia parasitica micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract with hard residue, and reduced by water before using.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - Ground fat, protein and carbohydrate components are mixed with water and mineral additive, heated and homogenized. After it, pancreatin is introduced, and mixture is divided into two parts, one of which is subjected to fermentolysis. Both parts are dried, crushed, and mixed during introduction of preparation produced by means of successive extraction of biomass of Mortierella spinosa micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water. The first extract is combined with hard residue, and reduced by water before using.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - Dried fat, protein, and carbohydrate components, mineral and enzyme additives are examined. Hard components are ground. Biomass of Mortierella gemmifera micromycete is successively extracted with nonpolar extracting agent, carbon dioxide, for example, under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract and hard residue. After it, receipt mixture of components is prepared and homogenized introducing necessary additives. Prepared mixture is prepacked. Before using, mixture is reduced by water.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Exclusion of syneresis of fats during storage life, and separating into layers after reduction; increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - Dried fat, protein, and carbohydrate components, mineral and enzyme additives are examined. Hard components are ground. Biomass of Mortierella reticulata micromycete is successively extracted with nonpolar extracting agent, carbon dioxide, for example, under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract and hard residue. After it, receipt mixture of components is prepared and homogenized introducing necessary additives. Prepared mixture is prepacked. Before using, mixture is reduced by water.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Exclusion of syneresis of fats during storage life, and separating into layers after reduction; increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - Dried fat, protein, and carbohydrate components, mineral and enzyme additives are examined. Hard components are ground. Biomass of Mortierella parvispora micromycete is successively extracted with nonpolar extracting agent, carbon dioxide, for example, under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract and hard residue. After it, receipt mixture of components is prepared and homogenized introducing necessary additives. Prepared mixture is prepacked. Before using, mixture is reduced by water.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Exclusion of syneresis of fats during storage life, and separating into layers after reduction; increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - Dried fat, protein, and carbohydrate components, mineral and enzyme additives are examined. Hard components are ground. Biomass of Mortierella gamsii micromycete is successively extracted with nonpolar extracting agent, carbon dioxide, for example, under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract and hard residue. After it, receipt mixture of components is prepared and homogenized introducing necessary additives. Prepared mixture is prepacked. Before using, mixture is reduced by water.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Exclusion of syneresis of fats during storage life, and separating into layers after reduction; increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - Dried fat, protein, and carbohydrate components, mineral and enzyme additives are examined. Hard components are ground. Biomass of Mortierella spinosa var. sterilis micromycete is successively extracted with nonpolar extracting agent, carbon dioxide, for example, under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract and hard residue. After it, receipt mixture of components is prepared and homogenized introducing necessary additives. Prepared mixture is prepacked. Before using, mixture is reduced by water.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Exclusion of syneresis of fats during storage life, and separating into layers after reduction; increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - After mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives, mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Mortierella spinosa var. sterilis micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, and pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Technology of producing dry reducible mixtures for functional feeding.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life.
NOVELTY - After mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives, mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Mortierella nantahalensis micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, and pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Technology of producing dry reducible mixtures for functional feeding.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life.
NOVELTY - After mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives, mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Mortierella pulchella micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, and pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Technology of producing dry reducible mixtures for functional feeding.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life. 1 ex
NOVELTY - After mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives, mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Pythium irregulare micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, and pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Technology of producing dry reducible mixtures for functional feeding.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life.
NOVELTY - After mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives, mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Pythium ultimum micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, and pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Technology of producing dry reducible mixtures for functional feeding.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life.
NOVELTY - Method involves mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives. Mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Mortierella strangulata micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life.
NOVELTY - After mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives, mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Mortierella humilis micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, and pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Technology of producing dry reducible mixtures for functional feeding.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life.
NOVELTY - Method involves mixing of dry fat-, protein- and carbohydrate-containing components, mineral and enzyme additives. Mixture is impregnated by miscella in alternating magnetic field under increased pressure. Miscella is prepared during extraction of biomass of Pythium coloratum micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition. After impregnation, pressure is relieved up to atmospheric one.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased stability of final product during storage life.
NOVELTY - After grinding and mixing of fat, protein and carbohydrate components during the process of homogenization, mineral and enzyme additives are introduced. After it, introduced is preparation produced by means of successive extraction of biomass of Saprolegnia parasitica humilis micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract with hard residue. Before using the mixture is reduced by water.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - Method involves grinding of fat, protein and carbohydrate components and their mixing with water and mineral additive. After it, mixture is heated, homogenized, and pancreatin is introduced. The mixture is divided into two parts, one of which is subjected to fermentolysis. Both parts are dried, crushed, and mixed during introduction of preparation produced by means of successive extraction of biomass of Mortierella alliaceae micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract with hard residue, and reduced by water before using.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - Ground fat, protein and carbohydrate components are mixed with water and mineral additive. After it, mixture is heated, homogenized, and pancreatin is introduced. The mixture is divided into two parts, one of which is subjected to fermentolysis. Both parts are dried, crushed, and mixed during introduction of preparation produced by means of successive extraction of biomass of Mortierella humilis micromycete with nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract with hard residue, and reduced by water before using.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increased quality of final product.
NOVELTY - Texturizer contains chitosan and is prepared by means of successive extraction of biomass of Mortierella zychae micromycete by nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract with hard residue.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified production and broadened range of application.
NOVELTY - Texturizer is prepared by means of successive extraction of biomass of Mortierella humilis micromycete by nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract with hard residue.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified production and broadened range of its application.
NOVELTY - Texturizer is prepared by means of successive extraction of biomass of Mortierella pusilla micromycete by nonpolar extracting agent under above-critical condition, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water with the following combination of the first extract with hard residue.    USE - Food industry.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified production and broadened range of its application.
NOVELTY - A water vapor modification reaction device performs steam reforming of raw material, to produce hydrogen. Raw material and water is vaporized in vaporization chamber using heat produced by partial oxidation reaction in the reaction vessel.    USE - Hydrogen production apparatus in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The starting property and operation efficiency of the hydrogen production apparatus are improved. As the arrangement of the device is very simple, size of the apparatus is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A water vapor modification reaction device performs steam reforming of raw material, to produce hydrogen. Raw material and water is vaporized in vaporization chamber (14) by using heat produced by partial oxidation reaction in the reaction vessel. Hydrogen produced from the partial oxidation reaction device (10) and water vapor modification reaction device that are connected in parallel, is emitted from hydrogen discharge pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline structure of the fuel cell system with hydrogen production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    partial oxidation reaction device (10)    vaporization chamber (14)
NOVELTY - A gas comprising carbon dioxide, hydrogen and/or water vapor is continuously introduced into a reaction chamber equipped with microwave plasma generation unit, below 103 Pa. A reaction is established between a catalyst and the gas, and combustible gas comprising at least carbon monoxide is continuously taken out to the exterior.    USE - For converting carbon dioxide to combustible gas such as methane, methanol or formaldehyde.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon dioxide is efficiently converted into combustible gas using plasma gas reaction without utilizing arc discharge, thus eliminating need for regular cleaning of the reaction chamber. Also, the need for expensive super-vacuum pump and the need for introduction of expensive noble gases, are eliminated. Thus, both cost constraints and power consumption constraints are resolved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram explaining the carbon dioxide reduction method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A sake cake is processed by mixing with defatted rice bran, bran and/or gluten feed.    USE - As fuel, fertilizer and fodder (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple, cost effective and the processing capacity is high. The mixture is stable and is easy to handle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a mixture containing sake cake, which is used as fuel, fertilizer and fodder.
NOVELTY - Gas turbine co-generation system, comprising: (1) a fermenter (1), which generates biogas using raw materials, such as livestock excrement and organic waste; (2) a pressurization-type gas holder (4), which stores the generated surplus biogas; and (3) a generator (5), which uses the stored bio gas as fuel for generating turbo-electricity, is new.    USE - The gas turbine co-generation system is useful for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - By storing the generated biogas in a pressurization-type gas holder, the wastage of surplus biogas is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the above gas turbine co-generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermenter (1)    Pressurization-type gas holder (4)    Turbo-electricity generator (5)
NOVELTY - A compost testing equipment, comprising a cylindrical container (1) of height equivalent to the deposition height of the composting material, and a heat insulation unit (2) covering its side section, where the heat insulation unit is equipped with a heater (22) arranged in multistage along the height direction of the container, is new.    USE - The instrument is useful for testing the compost of organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The Compost testing of organic waste is efficiently performed by the heater arrangement in the heat insulation unit of the container, since the temperature distribution, and heat transfer by aeration are performed uniformly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the compost testing equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cylindrical container (1)    Heat insulating unit (2)    Heater (22)
NOVELTY - A compressor (3) is controlled to raise pressure of oxidizer gas, based on output of a detector that detects warmed condition of a fuel cell stack (1).    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of the fuel cell is improved, by promptly warming the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell stack (1)    Compressor (3)
NOVELTY - An electromagnetic plunger (12) with built-in check valve mechanism supported between upper and lower springs, is slidably and reciprocally actuated within stand column cylinder (25). A plunger ring (13) made of fluororesin, is fitted into annular groove at each end of the plunger when magnetic clearance (g) exists between end face of magnetic pole (26) fitted between cylinder and the plunger.    USE - For use as displacement type cross flow pump.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances magnetic efficiency to achieve miniaturization of the pump and reduction of cost. Provides increased durability and enables controlled pressure flow rate in proportion to the amount of power generated by fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the electromagnetic compressor.    Electromagnetic plunger (12)    Plunger ring (13)    Stand column cylinder (25)    Magnetic pole (26)    Magnetic clearance (g)
NOVELTY - Gas production system for a fuel cell comprises a reformer unit (12) for producing a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas and at least one gas purification step (14) with a carbon monoxide-selective oxidation catalyst (18) for purifying the synthesis gas. The gas purification step comprises a heat accumulator (21).    USE - Used for a fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The time required to reach the operating temperature of the catalyst and thus a system start time of the fuel cell system is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a gas production system for a fuel cell having a gas purification step.    Reformer unit (12)    Gas purification step (14)    Oxidation catalyst (18)    Heat accumulator (21)    Storage medium (22)
NOVELTY - A process for treating the dung, droppings and urine of livestock and fowls in centrallized raising farm includes mixing them with lime to extract excess water, fermenting the water and using it as liquid fertilizer, mixing the solid-state material with M drying-cleaning agent, and fermenting to obtain organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A side stream of the desulfurized fuel gas is passed through a reforming catalyst, where it is subjected to a reforming process. The course of the reforming process is monitored, and a reduction is taken as a signal of rising a sulfur content in the fuel gas    USE - Used to control fuel desulfurization for supply to fuel cells, to prevent irreversible damage to the cells by sulfur. The fuel is especially natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple and more dependable than prior art. The danger of irreversible catalyst damage at the fuel cells is largely avoided. Plant operational availability is increased. Filtration material employed, is used optimally.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a corresponding plant which includes a detector (4) in the side stream, coupled to an instrument (3) monitoring the course of reaction. It indicates any reduction in the process, which signals rising sulfur content.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a simplified block flow diagram of the plant, showing the side stream and detector. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Instrument (3)    Detector (4)
NOVELTY - A method for producing gas from herbaceous or wood biomass comprises bringing biomass-containing organic material into contact with a gasification accelerator under heating in the presence of a gasification agent. The gasification agent comprises clay having a catalytic function and/or a heating medium function. Contact is carried out in a fluidized state.    USE - The gases produced by this method are used as fuel and for producing methanol (CH3OH). The waste catalyst and ashes generated are used as soil improvers.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides gases for producing liquid fuels such as methanol.
NOVELTY - A culture container (1) generates a supply of growth-promoting micro-organisms in liquid, is new. The container has a fluid discharge (4) to a culture concentration/enrichment unit (9) with a feed-back tube (17) for micro-organism seed culture refreshment to the container (1).    USE - (1) is useful for process and assembly to produce concentrated supply of growth promotion medium for plant application.    ADVANTAGE - The process facilitates the production of micro-organisms with selected growth-promotion characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The enrichment unit (9) is located outside the container (1) and above the container fluid surface (P). The enrichment unit has a chamber holding an aerobic compost fermentation medium esp. molasses and a sieve preventing compost discharge. A peristaltic radial pump drives the feed-back arrangement for fluid with re-seeding micro-organisms. Effluent heat from the pump helps to maintain the culture temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the process. (Drawing includes non English-language text).    Primary culture tank (1)    culture enrichment tank (9)    fluid surface (P)    culture fluid discharge (4)    feed-back re-seeding tube (17)
NOVELTY - A vessel has composting channels (102,104) between which a water storage tank (106) is provided. Heat pipes (116,118) embedded in the concrete floors, have an evaporator section and condenser section to transfer heat by decomposition of biomass material in vessel from channels to fluid in tank respectively.    USE - The biomass heating system is useful for aerobically decomposing organic materials such as agricultural and foodstuff waste products for production of heat energy and fertilizer with by-products.    ADVANTAGE - Enables producing heat energy in controlled manner by decomposition of biomass material safely so as to heat hygienically a closed interior structure such as greenhouse without the requirement of any external power source or fuel other than biomass material. Promotes and sustains plant growth within a greenhouse. Assists greenhouse and other agricultural, commercial and industrial operations in reducing dependency on natural gas as primary energy source. Enables heating rural and agri-business communities e.g. farm workshops, livestock facilities, military bases, facilities in pulp and paper industry.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for heat energy recovering method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a simplified perspective view of thermal energy plant operable as biomass heating system and air flow system.    Composting channels (102,104)    Water storage tank (106)    Heat pipes (116,118)
NOVELTY - Production of tetrafluorosilane involves heating hexafluorosilicate and reacting resulting tetrafluorosilane gas containing hexafluorodisiloxane with fluorine gas or with a high valent metal fluoxide, or reacting tetrafluorosilane gas with fluorine gas and subsequently with high valent metal fluoxide.    USE - For producing tetrafluorosilane, for optical fibers, semiconductors and solar cells (all claimed), for transistors and semiconductor devices.    ADVANTAGE - Tetrafluorosilane gas which does not contain hexafluorodisiloxane ((SiF3)2O) can be produced. Impurity components can be analyzed to 0.1 ppm or less, and high purity tetrafluorosilane required during production of electronic parts is manufactured efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) A high purity tetrafluorosilane having a hexafluorodisiloxane content of 1 volume ppm or less;    (2) A method for analyzing impurities in a high purity tetrafluorosilane which involves bringing tetrafluorosilane containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and/or carbon dioxide gas, as impurities, into contact with an adsorbent to separate the impurities from tetrafluorosilane, and introducing impurities together with a carrier gas into a gas chromatograph to analyze the impurities;    (3) Gas for production of optical fiber;    (4) Gas for production of semiconductor; and    (5) Gas for production of solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of an apparatus usable for the production process of tetrafluorosilane.
NOVELTY - Synthesis of alcohol(s) involves injecting reactants into an apparatus for reacting chemicals to produce products and for separating products, and removing alcohol products from apparatus. The apparatus comprises a reaction vessel (12) having zone (A) with a reactor (I) and distillation stage (Ia), and a zone (B) with a reactor (II) and a distillation stage (IIa).    USE - For synthesis of at least one alcohol, such as ethanol, for blended gasoline, and methanol (claimed) used as solvent in automobile windshield washer fluid and as co-solvent in various formulations for paint and varnish removers, as anti-freeze, and for sewage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Alcohol(s), such as methanol and ethanol, are produced efficiently with higher yield in a single reactor. At least one alcohol is synthesized from the synthesis gas starting material simultaneously with the separation of alcohol product into various product streams.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Synthesis of at least one alcohol, involves injecting reactants into an apparatus for reacting chemicals to produce products and for separating the products, and removing alcohol products from the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a reaction vessel having a zone (A) with a reactor (I) and a distillation stage (Ia), and a zone (B) with a reactor (II) and a distillation stage (IIa). The reactors (I, II) produces the products, and the distillation stages (Ia, IIa) separates the products.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) Alcohol product, such as methanol and ethanol, prepared as above;    (2) Blended gasoline comprising the alcohol product; and    (3) Method for controlling the synthesis of at least one alcohol.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of catalytic distillation reactor, as used above.    Reaction vessel (12)    Caps (13,14)    Trays (41-45)    Catalyst material (61-65)
NOVELTY - New polymeric particle comprises: (i) a polymer polymerized from an alkylene oxide monomer with weight average molecular weight of 100000-2000000 g/gmole; and (ii) 0-200 ppmw of a formic compound. The particle has center portion and an outer surface, and further has a concentration gradient of formic compound. The center portion has higher concentration of the formic compound than the outer surface.    USE - The polymeric particle is used for industrial applications, such as paper fines retention, waste water treatment, flocculation, lubrication, adhesives manufacture, and underground mining operations, pharmaceutical and personal care applications, such as drug delivery vehicles and in cosmetics, especially shampoos, conditioners, skin creams, lotions and soaps.    ADVANTAGE - The poly(alkylene oxide) polymer particle has reduced amount of formic compounds. The oxidation byproduct containing formic compounds, can impart undesirable characteristics to the poly(alkylene oxide) polymers. The particle has reduced amount of oxidation byproducts resulting from irradiation of the polymers. The polymer particles are prepared using conventional apparatus. The treating method of polymeric particle with the treating acid, is not critical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a composition comprising the particle;    (2) a process for reducing the amount of formic compound on surface of polymer particle, which involves contacting the surface of the particle with a treating acid having pKa lower than the pKa of formic acid (3.75); and    (3) an improved sustained release dosage form adapted to release a secondary amine compound, which comprises a reduced formate poly(alkylene oxide) polymer in contact with the secondary amine. The reduced formate poly(alkylene oxide) has formic acid concentration of 0-200 ppmw, based on the weight of poly(alkylene oxide).
NOVELTY - Butanes are prepared via hydrogenation of butylene-containing fractions with hydrogen-containing gas on platinum-containing catalyst at elevated temperature and pressure.    USE - Petrochemical processes.    ADVANTAGE - Achieved high purity of butanes and increased degree of conversion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In particular, alumino-platinum catalyst is used, which is activated by treatment with nitrogen and hydrogen or with nitrogen and hydrogen-containing fraction. The latter, more particularly, is butane-butylene fraction containing 5.00 to 94.0% butylenes and 5.00-94.95% butanes, the rest being C2-C5-hydrocarbons. As hydrogen- containing fraction, methane-hydrogen fraction from ethylene production process can be used.
NOVELTY - Electric periclase powder employed as insulators in manufacture of tubular electric heating elements is prepared from naturally occurring magnesite, which is fired at 1600-1800 degreesC by burning natural gas with stoichiometric amount of air on rotary kiln, cooled to 500-600 degreesC at a rate of 200-400 degreesC/min without oxygen (oxidant) access, and fractions 0.5-0.05 mm are isolated.    USE - Electric insulators.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced economical efficiency of process due to use of inexpensive naturally occurring starting material and reduced labor- intensiveness of process.
NOVELTY - A connector (8) ejects refuse-derived fuel (RDF) (1) from a furnace (4) to a burner (7) for dry distillation and carbonization of the fuel supplied from a supply portion towards an outlet. A rinse tank (10) stores the ejected carbonized material which is desalted by water wash and conveyed to a storage hopper (16) by a conveyor (15).    USE - For carbonizing combustible garbage such as organic refuse, papers and timber.    ADVANTAGE - Combustible garbage is carbonized stably and quickly. Combustion of carbonization gas is ensured reliably and nitrous oxide formation is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the carbonization apparatus.    refuse-derived fuel (1)    furnace (4)    burner (7)    connector (8)    rinse tank (10)    conveyor (15)    storage hopper (16)
NOVELTY - A water vapor condensation separation unit (3) is arranged between a reformer reaction device (1) and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation reactor (2), so that water vapor contained in the reformed gas from the device (1) is condensed and separated in the unit (3), before supplying to the reactor.    USE - For polymer fuel cell to produce hydrogen rich gas.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces carbon monoxide concentration in the reformed gas reliably, thereby fuel consumption is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel reformer system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification reaction device (1)    carbon monoxide selective oxidation reactor (2)    water vapor condensation separation unit (3)
NOVELTY - A fuel modification system has a starting modifier (2) installed in the upstream of a fuel modifier (1) that generates hydrogen-rich gas using the supplied fuel and air during starting of an engine (5).    USE - Fuel modification system.    ADVANTAGE - The load to a battery is reduced and the engine is started efficiently using the modifier within a short period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel modification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel modifier (1)    Starting modifier (2)    Engine (5)
NOVELTY - The structure includes fuel cell stacks (23) which are stored in an aluminum case (40) mounted on the main portion of a vehicle. The distribution and ensemble portions of the fluid piping (30) are linked to the fuel cell stack and stored in the case.    USE - Piping structure for fuel cell e.g. solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the distribution and ensemble portions of the fluid piping are protected in the aluminum case, safety is ensured. Since the case is made of aluminum, the piping structure is light-weight and heat dissipative.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the aluminum case where fluid piping and fuel cell are held. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell stacks (23)    Fluid piping (30)    Aluminum case (40)
NOVELTY - A mixture of gas is hydrated and preserved in a preservation container. Each component gas preserved after hydration is separated. The mixture of gas is removed and the hydrate is decomposed. Each component gas in the mixture of gas, discharged from the preservation container is adjusted to preset mix ratio.    USE - For adjusting heat amount of hydrates.    ADVANTAGE - The heat amount adjustment method enables to preserve the component gas of town gas under stable conditions. The town gas of predetermined component is discharged comparatively easily, without mixing a gas separately by carrying out component gas emulsion, city gas-hydrate is decomposed efficiently and removed easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the relationship between the time from the discharge start when decomposing and discharging city gas-hydrate and the component of the two gas at that time. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Fine air bubbles are generated by mixing undissolved gas with water, repeatedly. The generated air bubbles are supplied into the water storage tank (3) to promote dissolution of water and gas. Dissolution promoted water is reacted at predetermined pressure and temperature to form gas hydrate.    USE - For manufacturing gas hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - Gas hydrate is manufactured efficiently by performing underwater gaseous diffusion effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process of mixing undissolved gas with water is repeated. The storage tank is cooled to the gas hydrate generation temperature or near any one of freezing point. A line mixer (5) is provided to mix the water and undissolved gas to generate fine air bubbles.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for gas hydrate manufacturing apparatus which has circulation path to supply water and undissolved gas in storage tank to line mixer. A chiller is provided to cool the storage tank according to the pressure of it. Reaction pipe line is cooled while supplying water from the storage tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of the gas hydrate manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    water storage tank (3)    line mixer (5)
NOVELTY - Water and raw material gas are mixed in the middle of line mixer (5) and the gas is dissolved in water. The reaction mixture is cooled in the reaction pipeline (7) and a gas hydrate is produced.    USE - To produce gas hydrate for storing gas molecules such as natural gas and carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - The gas hydrate manufacturing apparatus is simple and compact, and efficiently generates gas hydrate and removes reaction heat.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for gas hydrate manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process drawing explaining the manufacture of gas hydrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Line mixer (5)    Reaction pipeline (7)
NOVELTY - A support (40) supports rotatably a refuse accommodation drum (20) rotated by a drive unit (60). A controller (50) controls the inclination angle of the rotational axis of the refuse accommodation drum with respect to residence time of organic refuse in the drum. A heater (70) heats the refuse accommodation drum to high temperature so as to carbonize the organic refuse accommodated with the drum.    USE - Organic refuse carbonization device e.g. for left over food residues from restaurant, super market.    ADVANTAGE - Organic refuse is carbonized efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of the carbonization device.    Refuse accommodation drum (20)    Support (40)    Controller (50)    Drive unit (60)    Heater (70)
NOVELTY - A screw conveyor (4) arranged in an inclined manner with respect to the earthworm box, has a discharge port at its lower end, for discharging soil processed by earthworm by the operation of wheel attached to one end of the screw shaft of the screw conveyor.    USE - For processing organic waste, vegetable waste, such as waste food from school, home.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains the processing capacity of the organic refuse even in a warm humid environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of the organic refuse processing earthworm box.    Screw conveyor (4)
NOVELTY - The equipment (1) has a stirrer (20) rotatably mounted inside a receptacle (10) which receives an organic refuse containing a micro-organism and a drive unit (30) that rotates the stirrer. An air blowing space (40) is formed among the stirrer at least at the bottom of the receptacle to blow compressed air from an air supply device (50) into the refuse stirred by the stirrer.    USE - For eradicating an organic refuse such as remainder foodstuffs and food processing residues ejected from stores and supermarkets, food processing factory, etc., in order to control an environmental pollution problem caused by the ejection of CO2 or dioxin from the organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse received in a receptacle can be eradicated efficiently through a micro-organism by stirring the organic refuse and micro-organism mixture with a stirrer and the supply of high pressure air in the receptacle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal part top view of an organic refuse eradication equipment.    Organic refuse eradication equipment (1)    Receptacle (10)    Stirrer (10)    Drive unit (30)    Air blowing space (40)    Air supply device (50)
NOVELTY - The dried organic refuse is decomposed and eliminated by feeding the refuse to microorganism by a organic refuse elimination unit (605). The fodder formation is carried out by fermenting the organic refuse using microorganism by a fodder formation unit (606). The organic refuse elimination process and the fodder formation process are performed alternatively.    USE - For recycling organic refuse from food processing factory e.g. restaurant, supermarket, for use as fertilizer in farm, also for soil improvement, used in preventing environmental pollution.    ADVANTAGE - Organic refuse can be recycled effectively without affecting environmental conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic refuse recycle system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the organic refuse recycle system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic refuse elimination unit (605)    Fodder formation unit (606)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse (Wo) is ground with a grinder (4), and the ground organic refuse (Ws) is dried with a warm air drier (10).    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing waste shellfish shell, crab shell, etc (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Efficiently recycles the organic refuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Grinder (4)    Warm air drier (10)    Organic refuse (Wo)    Ground organic refuse (Ws)
NOVELTY - A vertical processing container (21) has a rotary shaft (31) at its center. A scraper (52) of a scraper unit (51) is around the internal circumference of the container. The scraper is rotatable around the axle line of the container.    USE - For producing soil material, used e.g. for engineering work, agricultural field, water treatment, animal breeding, animal culture and small micro-organism culture.    ADVANTAGE - Improves productivity by using scraper which removes deposits on internal circumference surface of the container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the above crushing and mixing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Vertical processing container (21)    Rotary shaft (31)    Scraper unit (51)    Scraper (52)
NOVELTY - Nitrogen monoxide contained in contaminated air is converted to nitrogen dioxide by supplying ozone. The resulting air is purified by passing through soil containing microorganisms. The temperature of the soil is measured and a mean value is calculated. The supply of ozone to contaminated air is controlled according to the calculated mean value of the soil temperature.    USE - For purifying air contaminated with nitrogen dioxide, such as exhaust gas ejected from motor vehicles and factories.    ADVANTAGE - The exhaust gas ejected from motor vehicles and factories is effectively purified. Nitrogen monoxide in the air is removed efficiently and inexpensively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above air purifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A jet nozzle (7) discharges water which is mixed with exhaust gas from a gas suction opening (1) and supplied to a water tank (2) through a tower (8). A treatment tank (18) decomposes microorganism in organic substance included in exhaust gas.    USE - Exhaust gas processing apparatus for use in coating industry.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism in organic substance of exhaust gas is decomposed effectively and bad smell generation is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for exhaust gas processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of the exhaust gas processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas suction opening (1)    Water tank (2)    Jet nozzle (7)    Tower (8)    Treatment tank (18)
NOVELTY - An organic substance decomposing assisting material containing wheat bran, humic acid, heat-resistant microbes including calcium silicate, incineration ashes, alkaline metal compound, is spread over a field containing organic substance. The field is then ploughed for decomposition of the organic substance.    USE - For decomposition of organic substance in field used for cultivating crops such as cabbage, paddy, potato, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents abnormal propagation of microorganism in organic substance containing soil due to usage of the organic substance decomposing assisting material, thereby preventing damage to crops cultivated in field. Rapid consumption of oxygen and nitrogen is prevented, and the amount of harvest of crops is increased, thereby improving quality of crops.
NOVELTY - Biomass electricity generation system contains a storage unit (2) that compresses and stores the exhaust gas (4) and air (8) produced by cultivating microbial cells to generate steam; and a photosynthesis culture equipment (3) removes the nitrogen, phosphorus and microbial cells from a portion of treated water (9). The carbon dioxide in the compressed exhaust gas and methane collected from sludge are burnt to generate electricity.    USE - Biomass electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Electricity is generated in an economical wave while simultaneously treating waste water, by collecting methane from sludge to generate electricity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for biomass electricity generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of biomass electricity generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Storage unit (2)    Photosynthesis culture equipment (3)    Exhaust gas (4)    Air (8)    Water (9)
NOVELTY - Manufacturing compost comprises mixing dehydrated raw material and compost subjected to primary fermentation. The mixed compost is fermented again with a primary fermenter and crushed. The crushed compost is fermented with a secondary fermenter.    USE - Used for manufacturing compost.    ADVANTAGE - The mixed compost is fermented easily, since primary fermentation is already performed, so that the need for sawdust and chaff is avoided, reducing the initial cost and running cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for compost manufacturing apparatus which includes raw material insertion equipment to provide the dehydrated raw material to the mixer. The mixer comprises a sealing cylindrical mold and shovel-like stirring blade at the rotation axis of the center portion of the mixer. A chopper is provided at the bottom portion of the mixer.
NOVELTY - A liquid comprising condensate which is obtained by distillation of shochu liquor dregs, where the condensate is an ethanol free from nitrogen, is new.    USE - The liquid is used in a denitrification adjuvant of water and as a fertilizer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The liquid replenishes the organic carbon in a biological denitrification process of water. The method is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a denitrification adjuvant of water which contains the new liquid;    (2) a liquid fertilizer which contains the new liquid; and    (3) processing shochu liquor dregs comprising:    (a) distillating the shochu liquor dregs in a distillation still;    (b) cooling the vapor from the distillation still; and    (c) collecting the condensate from the distillation process, where the liquid from the dregs which suspends the distillation, when passing the distillation initial stage, makes ethanol a main component in the condensate, in a high concentration excluding a nitrogen content.
NOVELTY - The apparatus includes a melting furnace into which combustible gas and char discharged from the fluidized bed furnace are introduced for melting ash to form molten slag.    USE - Fluidized bed gasification and melt combustion using e.g. waste matter, coal, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Provides high intensity combustion and size of the furnace can be reduced. The greater part of the combustible matter contained in the gas, incombustible matter and char can be effectively utilized in a melt combustion furnace. Refuse treatment can be made harmless, and a high energy utilization factor can be attained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises    (a) a fluidized bed furnace (2) having a fluidizing gas supply (3,4,106) for supplying a fluidizing gas into the furnace and creating a circulating stream (112,118) of a fluidized medium,    (b) means (14,104) for supplying the combustible matter into the fluidized bed furnace for being gasified in the circulating stream, generating combustible gas and char, and    (c) a melting furnace into which the combustible gas and char discharged from the fluidized bed furnace are introduced for melting ash to form molten slag.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic vertical sectional view of the gasification apparatus.    Fluidized bed furnace (2)    Fluidizing gas supply (3,4,106)    Discharge opening (5)    Combustible matter supply (14,104)    Circulating stream (112,118)
NOVELTY - Developing a solid oxide fuel cell running on hydrocarbons, capable of directly being fed with gaseous hydrocarbon particularly primary methane, having a high conversion efficiency and improved lifetime.    USE - For use as an anode material of SOFC (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The twice-substituted lanthanide chromite provides high conversion rates and a low surface degradation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A twice-substituted lanthanide chromite is used as an anode material of a direct hydrocarbon fed, particularly methane fed solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The lanthanide chromite is substituted by strontium on A sites and by nickel or copper on B sites.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of a cell showing the 8YSZ Kerafol electrolyte, the LSM and the platinum-mesh cathode, the platinum reference electrode and, on the opposite side, the lanthanide chromite anode.    Non-sealed (a)    Sealed (b)    Symmetrical cell. (c)
NOVELTY - A process for the biological synthesis of methanol comprises conversion of methane to methanol at temperatures above the boiling point of methanol by fermentation using methanotropic thermophilic microorganisms.    USE - The process is useful for the conversion of methane to methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The process has improved selectivity to methanol.
NOVELTY - Regeneration of molecular sieve (I) used for separating 3-6 carbon (C) alkanes from 3-6 C alkenes, to remove longer chain oligomeric hydrocarbons and/or compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, involves passing a stream of nitrogen (N2) as inert stripping gas at 200-280 degreesC through a (I)-filled column, so that the volume ratio of total N2 (at 1013 mbar and 25 degreesC) to (I) is (1000-20000):1.    USE - The process is used for regenerating molecular sieves used for separating alkanes from alkenes (claimed), especially in adsorber columns for producing highly pure lower alkanes in Olex plants, e.g. for separating n-butenes from n-butane.    ADVANTAGE - The regeneration process makes the separation process more economical, extends the life of the molecular sieve, reduces shut-down times and increases the average product yield. Regeneration takes place under mild conditions, entailing little expenditure on apparatus, especially under conditions allowing direct regeneration in the adsorber column.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a process scheme for regeneration of the molecular sieve. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Process for dosing water comprises feeding water in a cycle through a steam-generating chamber (2) containing the reaction chamber (1); and regulating the amount of steam by acquiring the condition parameters of the water and/or the reaction region.    USE - Steam reforming of hydrocarbons in a gas generating system for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Very small amounts of steam can be dosed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for carrying out the process. Preferred Features: The steam-generating chamber surrounds the reaction chamber in the lower region and is in heat-conducting connection with it. The vapor produced from the lower region of the steam-generating chamber is fed to the reaction zone for superheating. The lower region of the steam-generating chamber is formed as a collecting container (6) for water and provided with a water run-off (7).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the dosing device.    reaction chamber (1)    steam-generating chamber (2)    collecting container (6)    water run-off (7)
NOVELTY - Generating combustible gas from straw and stalks includes cutting, immersing in water for primary softening, anaerobic digestion along with marsh water in an anaerobic digestor at a specific temperature to generate combustible CH4 gas, desulfurizing and drying. Its advantages are dynamic fermentation and low cost.
NOVELTY - The present invention provides a harmlessly domestic refuse treating process capable of utilizing the refuse resource completely. The technological process includes sorting, comprehensive treatment, stoving, magnetic selecting, crushing, producing fertilizer and building material, and recovering harmful material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The present invention provides a harmlessly domestic refuse treating process capable of utilizing the refuse resource completely. The technological process includes sorting, comprehensive treatment, stoving, magnetic selecting, crushing, producing fertilizer and building material, and recovering harmful material. Through digestion of domestic refuse at certain temperature and pressure, the organic matters inside refuse may be decomposed in 3-4 hr. The process can eliminate the pollution of harmful matters in refuse to environment while converting refuse into fertilizer and building material.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell has a fuel cell unit with a membrane electrode unit and a reservoir for a methanol-water mixture. A methanol-permeable diaphragm (2) acts an element for supplying methanol to an anode (12). The diaphragm can be separated mechanically from the reservoir by means of a slide (6). If necessary, the anode and/or a polymer membrane can serve as a diaphragm.    USE - In laptops and mobile telephones.    ADVANTAGE - The reservoir container is designed to be refilled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross section of the present invention.    Methanol-permeable diaphragm (2)    Slide (6)    Anode (12)
NOVELTY - An anode area fits behind an electrode (12) made from carbon fiber (24) and locked in with a smooth bipolar plate (16) on the rear side. Methanol is fed through the bipolar plate laterally or on the rear side. The carbon fiber links to a methanol reservoir (1) via a cord. This link can be a thin capillary (2) and can be separated from a fuel cell (10) mechanically e.g. by a cut-off valve.    USE - This portable direct-methanol fuel cell may form part of a fuel cell battery to supply methanol from a reservoir to an anode area during operation (claimed) for laptop computer and mobile phone.    ADVANTAGE - After switching off the fuel cell battery the fuel cell unit still operates for a short while with the carbon dioxide valve closed, so that methanol left in the anode space is pushed back into the methanol reservoir.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross section of an operating form of the present invention.    Methanol reservoir (1)    Thin capillary (2)    Fuel cell (10)    Electrode (12)    Smooth bipolar plate (16)    Carbon fiber (24)
NOVELTY - The solid oxide fuel cell comprises stacked cell substrates which are supported and tightened at a center portion of a gas passage hole section provided with a center through-hole and peripheral through-holes arranged symmetrically with respect to the center through-hole.    USE - Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).    ADVANTAGE - As the stacked cell substrates are supported and tightened at the center portion of the gas passage hole section, the flow of fuel gas and oxidizer gas is optimized and uniform gas and temperature distributions are attained in radial direction. The occurrences of thermal cycle resistance and thermal stress due to thermal expansion are prevented. The size and weight of SOFC are reduced by reducing number of stacked components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the portion of SOFC.
NOVELTY - Domestic waste is treated by feeding waste to a reaction space (RS) (22) at a controlled rate, concurrently compacting waste to form a stopper preventing leakage of gases from RS, feeding an oxygen-containing gas (14,15) to RS, to effect combustion (40) of waste and produce gases and solid material (SM) (41), filtering gas through SM, and reacting the gases with SM to produce fuel gases and ash.    USE - Treatment of domestic waste, for the purpose of disposing of it in an ecologically sound manner and producing combustible gases particularly carbon monoxide and hydrogen, from the processed waste.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus for the disposal of domestic waste and the production of fuel gas operates continuously. The method is reliable in operation, and permits control of the feed of waste and of the rate of gas production in an adequate, simple and economically convenient manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for the treatment of domestic waste. The apparatus comprises a reaction chamber; a hopper into which the waste is loaded; waste feed unit for advancing the waste from the hopper to the reaction chamber at a controlled rate and for compacting it concurrently; conduits for the waste advanced by the hopper, comprising at least two sections at an angle to one another; unit for feeding an oxygen-containing gas to the reaction chamber; a gas receiving space for receiving the gases produced in the gasification zone of the reaction chamber, provided with an outlet for the gases; and units for discharging the ash formed at the bottom of the reaction chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic cross-section of the thermolysis and gasification portion of the apparatus.    Oxygen-containing gas (14,15)    Reaction space (22)    Combustion (40)    Solid material (41)
NOVELTY - A waste material pyrolyzing-apparatus has pyrolysis and feed chambers, a generator (8) run by gases from the pyrolysis chamber, an afterburner burning exhaust gases from the generator, and a purging device using exhaust gases from the afterburner and/or other gases and feeding the gases to the feed chamber to prevent unwanted oxygen from entering the pyrolysis chamber via the feed chamber.    USE - Used for the pyrolysis of waste material, e.g. domestic, industrial and/or natural waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus gives good control over the required level of oxygen in the pyrolysis chamber to ensure that the level is kept below that which will support the burning of the waste material. It can run cheaply and efficiently without the need for the bulk provision of inert gases, e.g. on-site nitrogen plant when nitrogen is the inert gas. The provision of the afterburner and purging device does not add greatly to the overall expense of the apparatus and is less than providing an on site nitrogen producing plant, or for providing the bulk delivery of carbon dioxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus for the pyrolysis of waste material.    Pyrolysis chamber (4)    Feed chamber (6)    Generator (8)    Afterburner (10)    Conduits (12, 16, 18, 20, 24, 32, 34, 36, 40)    Purging device (14)    First discharge chamber (22)    Second discharge chamber (26)    Drier (38)
NOVELTY - A polymer composite comprises polyvinylidene fluoride; and 0.01-30 wt.% carbon nanotubes having a diameter of less than 100 nm.    USE - For making bipolar plates by making a polymer composite, isolating the composite, extruding the composite, and engraving flow channels on the composite (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composite of the invention has a bulk resistivity of less than 10 (preferably 0.02-0.08) OMEGA-cm. Its bulk resistivity is within the bulk resistivity range of a pure carbon nanotube mat. The lower loadings of nanotubes in PVDF composites result in higher conductivities than similar loadings in other polymer composites. A PVDF composite with 5% nanotube loading has a bulk resistivity of 0.42 OMEGA-cm while a poly(paraphenylene sulfide) composite with 5% nanotube loading has a bulk resistivity of 3.12 OMEGA-cm.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for preparing an electrically conductive composite by dissolving a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and another monomer in a solvent to form a solution; dispersing nanotubes in the solution; and adding a precipitating component into the solution to precipitate a composite comprising the polymer and the nanotubes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph plotting composite resistivity as a function of nanotube loading in a PVDF/HFP composite.
NOVELTY - A method and apparatus for removing odor and VOCs is provided, which can keep removing efficiency of odor and VOCs for an extended time at an enhanced level and cope with variations of concentration and flow load steadily with high efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises a bioreactor(3) in which a hollow fiber membrane bundle(2) is vertically installed from a top end(4) to a bottom end(7) and a culture fluid(1) for microorganism is filled for dissolving odor and VOCs contained in the gas stream passing through the bundle inside by microorganism layer attached to the hollow fiber membrane bundle(2); a gas feed part which consists of gas feed pumps(5,13), and is connected to the bundle top end(4) for feeding gas to the bundle top end(4); a gas discharging part which is connected to the bottom end(7) of the bundle(2) for discharging gas; a nutritive supply tank(8) installed outside the bioreactor(3) for supplying nutritive to the culture fluid(1).
NOVELTY - A method of producing alternative fuel using garbage is provided, which evaporate moisture of garbage by superheated air of 150 to 200 deg.C thus sterilizing harmful bacteria, and forcibly dewater by mechanical solid-liquid separation thus saving energy consumption required to produce alternative fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of heat treatment process to sterilize bacteria by evaporating moisture by contacting with hot air of 150 to 200 deg.C for 20 to 30 minutes during transferring the garbage via conveyor; filtration process to press filter the transferred garbage to diminish the moisture content and to transfer the filtrate liquid to storage tank; methane fermentation process to transfer the filtrate to methane fermentation tank and to control the pH, alkalinity, temperature of the organic of the filtrate, and to decompose into methane gas and carbon dioxide in anaerobic condition of non-free oxygen by acid fermentation bacteria and methane bacteria; and drying process to evaporate moisture of the pressure filtered garbage to 20 to 50 wt.% by using heat generated from methane burning.
NOVELTY - Heating gas (FG) is modified and supplied to an anode (3), and exhaust gas is supplied from combustion chamber of a modifier (10) to a cathode (2). Oxygen and anode waste gas are supplied to combustion chamber, and water is recovered from cathode waste gas in cooling device (30) from which CO2 gas is output. The output CO2 gas is then returned to the cathode.    USE - Molten carbonate fuel cell power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Enables improving efficiency of molten carbonate fuel cell power generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generator.    cathode (2)    anode (3)    modifier (10)    cooling device (30)
NOVELTY - The density of CO2 gas present in outlet of adsorption towers (4,5), is detected by a densitometer (22). The switching period of the adsorption towers containing mixed gas, is automatically changed by a sequencer (23) based on the detected gas density.    USE - For separating gas such as nitrogen from mixed gas, which is used in semiconductor manufacturing process, sewage gas containing methane during sewage fermentation process.    ADVANTAGE - Gas of fixed quality is obtained continuously using simple technique even during fluctuation in flow amount of input raw material gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the mixed gas separation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    adsorption towers (4,5)    densitometer (22)    sequencer (23)
NOVELTY - The composition for hydrogen gas production comprises a liquid of low melting metal (0.1 weight%) with melting point of 100 degrees C or less and aluminum, magnesium and/or zinc.    USE - For hydrogen production in hydrogen production apparatus and generators comprising fuel cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen gas of high purity is produced without using any energy. The production process is efficient and inexpensive since water is an abundant and renewable source. Aluminum used in the process is inexpensive and can be regenerated easily. The alloy of indium and gallium remains unchanged during the process and hence the alloy is recovered easily and recycled. The process is pollution-free since release of toxic substances is prevented. The hydrogen gas production apparatus is simple and lightweight and hence the apparatus is used as a continuous source of hydrogen for fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) production of hydrogen gas;    (2) apparatus for production of hydrogen gas; and    (3) a generator formed by combining the hydrogen gas production apparatus and a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph indicating the variation of composition of the binary alloy of indium and gallium with temperature. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A magnetic field generation unit (8) having magnetic material is provided at outer side of a modification pipe (5) containing catalyst (3) for modification reaction.    USE - Gas reformer for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Since the magnetic-field generation unit is at outer side surface of pipe, the activated energy of the water vapor modification reaction is reduced without increasing the quantity of modification catalyst. Hence hydrogen gas can be produced efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a structure of the gas reformer.    Modification catalyst (3)    Modification pipe (5)    Magnetic field generation unit (8)
NOVELTY - A heating chamber (4) has a double tube structured dry carbonization pipe (1) having an inner rotatable tube (2) for drying and a co-axial fixed outer tube (3) for carbonization. A heater (9) is provided to heat the chamber which is provided with an exhaust port (24) at one side.    USE - For continuous drying and carbonization of organic solid substance such as animal-plant residues, organic sludge, droppings of hen, chaff ejected from sewage works and in industrial drainage-treatment field.    ADVANTAGE - Since a double tube structured is formed, a compact apparatus with high thermal efficiency and reduced installation cost is achieved. Consumes less power. Since temperature control is easy, uniform drying and carbonization process is attained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Processing substance transferring units (5, 6) are provided to the periphery and internal circumference of the rotatable tube respectively. A feed pipe supplies generated gas ejected from the exhaust port of the outer cylinder, as fuel for the heater. A mechanism blows heating gas in the rotatable inner cylinder. A heat exchanger (10) exchanges heat between an air blower (13) and combustion gas ejected from the heating chambers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of horizontal-type continuous dry carbonization apparatus.    dry carbonization pipe (1)    inner rotatable tube (2)    fixed outer tube (3)    heating chamber (4)    transferring units (5,6)    heater (9)    heat exchanger (10)    air blower (13)    exhaust port (24)
NOVELTY - An organo-chlorine compound decomposing activator comprises plant derived material and/or organo-chlorine decomposing microbe-containing material, as active ingredient.    USE - For purifying environments such as contaminated soil, underground water, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The activator effectively and easily decomposes organic chlorine pollutants. The method is economical and effectively recycles bio-degradable waste material. The environmental medium after treatment with the activator effectively serves as compost, soil improvement agent, aggregate for construction and also as raw material for reclaiming soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) decomposition of organo-chlorine compounds using the activator; and    (2) purification of environment degraded with organo-chlorine compounds which involves adding the activator to the environment.
NOVELTY - An electricity generation system carries out anaerobic fermentation of organic waste or organic refuse using methane microbes, to obtain digestion gas. The methane in digestion gas is converted into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, by modification using a fluidized bed reactor, and hydrogen is purified. The purified hydrogen is re-purified using a noble metal or polymeric hydrogen separation membrane.    USE - For generating electricity using organic waste process digestion gas.    ADVANTAGE - The novel electricity generation system effectively uses the digestion gas produced from livestock excrements and organic refuse. Since carbons are not precipitated on the modification catalyst surface, rapid degradation of the modification catalyst is prevented ,and sufficient hydrogen conversion efficiency is achieved. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide are efficiently separated. Since hydrogen, which does not contain carbon monoxide, is supplied to the fuel cell, the platinum electrode of the fuel cell is not poisoned. The durability of the fuel cell is thus improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electricity generation system carries out anaerobic fermentation process of the organic waste containing livestock excrement, or an organic refuse, using methane microbes, to obtain a digestion gas. Harmful substances are removed from the digestion gas, and methane in the eliminated digestion gas is converted into hydrogen and carbon monoxide by a catalytic modification process. The hydrogen gas is purified. A fuel cell (6) carries out electricity-generation using the purified hydrogen gas. A fluidized bed reactor is used for the modification process. The purified hydrogen is re-purified using a noble metal or a polymeric hydrogen separation membrane, between the hydrogen purification process and the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow sheet of the above electricity generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (6)
NOVELTY - A porous ceramic particle obtained by foaming and curing a mixture containing coal ash and calcined lime, is new.    USE - The particle is used as a microorganism fixing material for sewage disposals, lining for stock-raising excrements, water content adjustment material for organic refuse process, deodorizing material, filter medium, soil improvement material and synthetic environmental improvement material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The porous ceramic particle has an excellent water absorptivity and deodorizing property. The method uses coal ash without removing by-product waste material ejected from thermal power stations as raw material for forming the porous ceramic particle. Therefore, the coal ash is recycled at low cost and the method contributes to environmental conservation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the porous ceramic particle.
NOVELTY - An agent for organic waste treatment, containing a microbe having ability to decompose oil component and an adsorption or adjustment material of oil component, is new.    USE - For treating organic waste containing oil components.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste can be decomposed efficiently. The oil component decomposition microbe is stable at high temperature. The oil component is effectively dissolved and absorbed by the adjustment material. The decomposition of organic substance is aerobically accelerated by the microorganism existed in the organic waste. The oil component decomposition microbe is easily contacted with the oil component, thereby turn over rate of the contents after processing is reduced. The processing method does not produce bad odor. The residue after processing, is utilized as a compost for plant, particularly for leafy vegetables. The compost has soil improvement property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing of organic waste which involves adding microbe having decomposition ability of oil component in the presence of adsorption or adjustment material.
NOVELTY - A sludge-treatment tank consists of first and second compartments (2, 3), and a fluid-flow regulator (4) that interconnects the two compartments. The first compartment includes an inlet (8) and a mixing device (7). The second compartment includes an outlet (9).    USE - For use in the treatment of sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive tank allows the initial anaerobic degradation phase of sludge to occur in a small continuously fed tank, and reduces the overall retention time. The provision of two separate compartments reduces contamination of treated sludge with raw or partially-treated sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of treating sludge using the inventive tank, by:    (a) introducing sludge through the inlet opening into the first compartment having preferred growing conditions for microorganisms which participate in hydrolysis and/or acetogenesis reactions;    (b) mixing the sludge for 3-8 hours;    (c) allowing the sludge to flow, at a first rate, into the second compartment having preferred growing conditions for microorganisms which participate in acetogenesis reactions; and    (d) allowing sludge to flow, at a second rate, from the second compartment through the outlet so that the sludge is held in the second compartment for 1-2 hours.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of the inventive tank.    First and second compartments (2, 3)    Fluid-flow regulator (4)    Mixing device (7)    Inlet (8)    Outlet (9)
NOVELTY - A torque calculator (62) operates a current supply limiter (54) and drives a reactive gas supplier (21) when the upper limit values of the generated and charged electric energies of the fuel cell (2) and capacitor (3), are equal to or less than the corresponding threshold values, during vehicle running condition.    USE - For fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Measures the necessary torque based on speed of vehicle to prevent a state in which large regenerative torque is generated in the motor to abruptly brake the fuel cell vehicle. Thus, a change in motion of the fuel cell vehicle is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the controller.    Fuel cell (2)    Capacitor (3)    Reactive gas supplier (21)    Current supply limiter (54)    Torque calculator (62)
NOVELTY - Composite garbage fertilizer, with domestic garbage as main material, comprises nitrogen (N), phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), potassium oxide (K2O), organic matter and water, with the total amount of N, P2O5, and K2O being 25-32%.    USE - Composite garbage fertilizer is used for ecologic environment protection, waste utilization or fertilizer production.    ADVANTAGE - Composite garbage fertilizer is a creation in garbage utilization and fertilizer source development.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparation of the garbage composite fertilizer, comprising sieving, adding organic matter and fungus, bacterination of actinomycete, binding surface heat exchange, drying, crushing, refined material preparation, adding N, P2O5 and K2O, compounding and granulation.
NOVELTY - An operating method of fuel cell and a power supply in which aggregation of moisture obstructing an air channel is suppressed without requiring a complicated system. In the operating method of a fuel cell where an electromotive force is taken out from a fuel cell by supplying air and fuel gas thereto, volume of intake air is controlled while monitoring the relative humidity of exhaust gas.    ADVANTAGE - Volume of intake air is controlled such that the relative humidity of exhaust gas does not exceed a specified level.
NOVELTY - A pressurized anhydrous antiperspirant emulsion comprises an external, hydrophobic phase containing a liquefied propellant and hydrophobic liquid other than and in addition to the liquefied propellant; and an internal, polar phase containing an antiperspirant active solubilized in a polar solvent. It also is packaged within a pressurized container.    USE - The emulsion is used for controlling or inhibiting underarm perspiration and odor. It is used in the form of roll-ons or pressurized aerosols.    ADVANTAGE - The emulsion provides low residue and reduced dustiness or cloudiness during application. New formulation opportunities are available, compared to conventional pressurized antiperspirant products.
NOVELTY - A solid polymer ion exchange membrane sandwiched between anode separator and cathode separator, has anode and cathode mounted on its two surfaces. A circulation passage (48) circulates fuel supplied from a fuel gas pump (46) to a fuel gas passage positioned between the anode electrode and anode separator. An intermediate fuel gas supply mechanism (50) supplies gas of low humidity through a supply port to the fuel gas passage.    USE - None given..    ADVANTAGE - Since low humidity gas is supplied to the fuel gas passage, the relative humidity of the fuel gas in the fuel cell is maintained at an optimum level for generation of electric energy, and water is prevented from being condensed effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell operation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the fuel cell stack.    fuel gas pump (46)    circulation passage (48)    intermediate fuel gas supply mechanism (50)
NOVELTY - A controller monitors a change in an electrical load connected to a fuel cell. The controller varies the reactant flow to the fuel cell, when the change in the electrical load exceeds a predetermined level. The controller delays varying the reactant flow for a predetermined period.    USE - For controlling integrated fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a robust and cheap control network that controls the integrated fuel cell system. Ensures robust load following performance and reduces signal noise.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the integrated fuel cell system control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the integrated fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - Concentration of hydrogen remaining within the anode flow field is reduced and the concentration of hydrogen within the fuel cell (102) is increased, so that and equilibrium gas composition containing 0.0001% hydrogen and the balance consisting of fuel cell inert gases is maintained in the anode and cathode flow fields during shut down.    USE - Operating fuel cell system shutting down method for power plant and motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates performance loss by maintaining an equilibrium gas composition during shut down. Eliminates corrosion and surface oxidation and the need for supplying inert gases separately during shut down and provides a safe and cost-effective shut down procedure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (102)
NOVELTY - The supply of fuel and air at ambient temperature, is heated at a temperature greater than the ambient temperature. The supply of fuel and air, are then combined.    USE - For humidifying supply of fuel and air for use in fuel processor.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the pressure in humidifier and heat required for humidifying the supply of fuel and air.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) electricity generation method;    (2) fuel processor;    (3) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - The device has a tubular shape formed by joining an elongated cloth (1) and an elongated tarpaulin (2) together along their length sides.    USE - For composting (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composting device can be made cheaply and can be conveniently left on a balcony.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A device for converting organic material into compost comprises a flexible body with an inlet (3) and an outlet (7), at least part of the body being formed by an air permeable cloth. The flexible body is tubular shaped and comprises an elongated cloth and an elongated tarpaulin joined together along their length sides.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the composting device.    Compost cloth (1)    Ground tarpaulin (2)    Feed opening (3)    Hook (4)    Loop (6)    Outlet (7)    Supply of organic material and worms (12)
NOVELTY - An air supply chamber (17) supplies air to a fuel cell stack (11) fixed to the vehicle-body frame. Air is ejected from the fuel cell stack by an air ejection chamber (18). An air introduction duct (25) which introduces air from outside the vehicle is fixed to the vehicle front. A detachable, flexible, first interconnecting tube (30) connects the air introduction duct and the air supply chamber.    USE - Used as power source of satellite, spacecraft, passenger car, bus and truck.    ADVANTAGE - Dislocation can be absorbed by simple and compact structure, without causing air or water leak.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An air ejection duct (19) which ejects air from the ejection chamber is fixed to the vehicle back. A detachable, flexible, second interconnecting tube (31) connects the air ejection duct and the air ejection chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a principal-part side view showing fuel-cell apparatus mounted on a vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell stack (11)    Air supply chamber (17)    Air ejection chamber (18)    Air ejection duct (19)    Air introduction duct (25)    First interconnecting tube (30)    Second interconnecting tube (31)
NOVELTY - The amount of air introduced to a combustion portion of the water vapor reformer is set smaller than the amount of air for perfect combustion of heating gas. The partial combustion gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide are supplied in the reformation portion during starting of the reformer, so as to prevent oxidation of a modification catalyst.    USE - For water vapor reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The oxidation of the modification catalyst is prevented during starting and thereby deterioration of the catalyst is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for stopping method of water vapor reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the starting method of the water vapor reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Thin plates (12) having the effect of reflecting a radiant heat, is provided in a cavity (25) of a vacuum vessel, and is arranged parallel to the wall surface of the vessel.    USE - For fuel cell power generating devices.    ADVANTAGE - The thin plates reduce the heat release to the external, thereby thermal efficiency is improved. The size of fuel reformer is simplified by arranging thin plates parallel to the wall surface of the vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Thin plates (12)    Cavity (25)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen amount stored and the positional information of service stations (11,12,..1n) are transmitted to a car (2) through a server (4), based on which an accessible service station is chosen for supplying hydrogen to the car.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to cars.    ADVANTAGE - Replenishment of hydrogen stored in the car is performed reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen supplier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram illustrating the relation between hydrogen fueled car, server and service station. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Car (2)    Server (4)    Service stations (11,12,..1n)
NOVELTY - A pair of gas supply paths (6, 7) connected to a combustion unit (1), is connected to a cylindrical coke oven chamber and a heating chamber, respectively. Combustion gas containing harmful substance, generated in the coke oven chamber, is supplied to the combustion unit through one of the gas supply paths (6). The harmless combustion gas from the combustion unit is supplied to the heating chamber through the other path (7).    USE - Used for the carbonization of organic waste, waste mushrooms, green grass from golf courses and paper diaper, for producing e.g. soil conditioner or deodorant.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus suppresses smoke, bad odor and the ejection of harmful components, by arrangement of the gas supply paths connecting the heating chamber and coke oven chamber, respectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The coke oven chamber has a door, which is surrounded by the heating chamber. The harmless combustion gas after heating the heating chamber is ejected through a discharge pipe (8). The stirring blade rotates along the inner peripheral face of the cylindrical coke oven chamber. A safety valve for explosion prevention is provided at the coke oven chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the carbonization apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Combustion unit (1)    Gas supply paths (6, 7)
NOVELTY - An actuator (130) performs intermittent actuation of a gas composition converter (120) which controls oxidation of combustible gas in a diffusion chamber (12). A calculation unit (30) calculates desired combustible gas concentration, based on output of a sensor (20) which detects the combustible gas concentration upon actuation of the converter.    USE - Combustible gas sensor for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Provides highly reliable and low cost sensor which detects hydrogen gas concentration and other combustible gas concentration measurable simultaneously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for combustible gas concentration measurement method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the combustible gas sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Diffusion chamber (12)    Sensor (20)    Calculation unit (30)    Gas composition converter (120)    Actuator (130)
NOVELTY - An organic-refuse processing apparatus comprises a heat processing chamber (1) that maintains a temperature more than 80 degreesC while stirring organic refuse introduced into the chamber, and a temperature more than 100 degrees Centigrade while processing the organic refuse.    USE - The apparatus is used for processing organic refuse ejected from a food plant.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus decreases the influence of physical property variation while processing organic refuse, without performing a complicated operation of pre-classification, by maintaining specified temperatures during respective processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of the organic refuse disposer.    Heat processing chamber (1)
NOVELTY - Decomposition of environmental pollutant is promoted by white-rot fungi in the presence of a compound having quinone structure.    USE - For decomposing environmental pollutant, (e.g. soil pollutant), such as aromatic organic compound and aromatic organochlorine compound.    ADVANTAGE - The use of white-rot fungi accelerates decomposition of environmental pollution substance, and enables efficient purification of environment. The method increases pollutant processing efficiency in industry, by reducing processing time.
NOVELTY - An agent for treating waste-oil consists of Actinomycetes and/or mold proliferation culture medium, obtained by inoculating and cultivating Actinomycetes and/or mold in culture medium containing livestock dung, is new.    USE - For treating waste-oil from a food-processing factory, hotel, restaurant, home etc. or waste oil containing material.    ADVANTAGE - Prior art treatment of waste oil by hardening and incinerating the oil was expensive due to the high fuel cost and also released malodors. The treating agent, however, effectively treats the waste oil, and removes the malodor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing waste oil, comprising inoculating the Actinomycetes or mold in a culture medium containing livestock dung, organic refuse, sludge, chaff, bean-paste by product, bark and/or paper, and contacting the Actinomycetes or the mold proliferation culture medium with waste oil or a waste oil containing material.
NOVELTY - A microbe for decomposing mineral oil, fats-and-oils and organic compounds which are difficult to decompose, is new.    USE - The microbe is useful for decomposing decomposition-resistance mineral oil (heavy oil), fats-and-oils and organic compounds such as dichloro phenyl dichloroethylene and dichloro phenyl dichloro methane.    ADVANTAGE - The microbes easily decomposes the mineral oil, fats-and-oils and organic compounds which are decomposition resistant and reduces heavy-oil lump, without the need for chemical agents such as an emulsifier. The simple process enables economical decomposition of organic compounds and produces harmless by-products such as water and carbon dioxide gas without polluting the environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for decomposing the mineral oil, fats-and-oils and organic compounds.
NOVELTY - Production of methanol comprises generating a biogas comprising a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide; subjecting the biogas to a process of catalytic conversion where methanol and steam are produced and collecting the methanol and the steam for use.    USE - The method is used for producing methanol. Methanol may be used to heat a compressed mixture of recycled synthesis gas and methanol. It may be used in the denitrification stage of a sewage or wastewater treatment process. Methanol containing gases may be condensed for use as a storable carbon source, e.g. for denitrification process, or they may be subjected to distillation to produce high grade methanol for other uses, such as ingredient of motor engine fuel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The steam produced from the catalytic conversion process may be used to heat the digester when the source of biogas is from the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge, or as a source of heat for other uses when the biogas is derived from other sources such as land fill gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram of a plant used in the method.
NOVELTY - A flow field plate has one or more channels in a surface of the plate which have a wider cross-section in the plate (wv) than at the surface of the plate (wr) and gas diffusion channels which are less than 0.2 mm wide.    USE - For fuel cells and electrolyzers.    ADVANTAGE - The use of flow channels with diminishing cross-section on the hydrogen side of a fuel cell results in a more even pressure drop across the electrochemically active region of the flow field. Progressively widening channels on the oxygen side of the fuel cell allow a more even pressure gain across the cell as more gas leaves the cell than enters it. The channels may also be used for the coolant flow field.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Channels in the plate are optionally interrupted by regions bridging the channel to form a covered channel connecting ports in the face.    The flow field plate is formed by machining a single piece of material or may be formed from two or more parts.    The channels are less than 0.2 mm wide and act as gas diffusion channels, at least one of the channels being formed with an undercut of 20degrees, preferably 30degrees.    The flow field plates are formed by abrasive blast techniques using e.g. multiple headed guns.    With reference to the drawing, the maximum void width for channel formation can be calculated as: wv = wr + 2 x dv x (wr/dr).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a method of under cutting a channel.    Resist (1)    Plate (2)    Resist aperture (3)    Void (4)    Lower surface of void (5)    Void depth (dv)    Void width (wv)    Resist depth (dr)    Resist aperture (wr)    Minimum angle of re-entrant surface (alpha)    Overhang (7)
NOVELTY - A reaction gas like hydrogen is fed to fuel cell system. It flows from a high-pressure area (5) for the reaction gas feed via a reaction gas inlet valve (8) into a low-pressure area (6) for the reaction gas feed designed as a distribution pipe to distribute reaction gas onto single fuel cell stacks and single fuel cells forming stacks (2,2').    USE - For regulating the economy of fuel cell systems in difficult conditions and unforeseen changes in reaction gas volume flows and in the drop in power of electric consumers.    ADVANTAGE - Reaction gas pressure remains constant even when large fluctuations occur in reaction gas flow volume or in the drop in power through an electric consumer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for methods for regulating pressure/volume flow for a reaction gas in a fuel cell system, for dispersing water in a reaction gas in a fuel cell system and for adapting a fuel cell power system with a fuel cell stack, a reaction gas feed with high/low-pressure areas and a reaction gas inlet valve.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of a fuel cell system with a pressure regulator and a low-pressure area for a reaction gas feed designed as a reaction gas distribution pipe.    Fuel cell stacks (2,2')    High-pressure area (5)    Low-pressure area (6)    Reaction gas inlet valve (8)
NOVELTY - Multi-stage shift reactor (140) receives fuel stream from autothermal reactor (120) and allows steam to react with fuel stream to reduce carbon monoxide concentration and increase hydrogen concentration. Fuel cell operating at temperature of 100-200 degrees C receives fuel stream from shift reactor and produces exhaust comprising carbon monoxide which is oxidized in oxidizer (190).    USE - Integrated fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Since the carbon monoxide concentration is reduced in the multi-stage shift reactor, additional cost associated with the fuel cell for reducing carbon monoxide concentration is avoided and hence the fuel cell system is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Integrated fuel cell system comprises:    (1) a first reactor receiving hydrocarbon feed to convert it to a fuel stream containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CO);    (2) a second reactor receiving the fuel stream and reacting it with steam to produce a second fuel stream with a higher hydrogen concentration and a lower CO (1000 parts per million) concentration than the first;    (3) a fuel cell, at 120 degrees C, receiving the fuel stream and reacting a portion of the hydrogen concentration to produce an exhaust; and    (4) an oxidizer to oxidize a portion of CO in exhaust.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system operation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic integrated fuel cell system.    Autothermal reactor (120)    Multi-stage shift reactor (140)    Oxidizer (190)
NOVELTY - Method involves supplying into methane tank outer chamber of diluted organic wastes with following sequential anaerobic fermentation in outer and inner chambers of methane tank; heating and mixing mass under fermentation process; discharging heated fermented sediment from methane tank and withdrawing biogas from its inner and outer chambers; introducing mass fermented in outer or inner chamber of methane tank into newly diluted organic wastes prior to feeding the latter into outer chamber of methane tank; heating mixture in heat-exchanger with heat of fermented heated sediment discharged from methane tank. Apparatus has hermetically sealed reservoir with concentric partition wall, which is attached to its cupola so that it does not reach end of reservoir. Concentric partition wall is contoured in plan similar to reservoir and is adapted for dividing it into outer and inner chambers. Apparatus is further equipped with branch pipes for feeding diluted organic wastes and discharging heated fermented sediment, device for mixing and heating wastes under fermentation process and branch pipes for withdrawal of biogas from inner chamber and outer chamber, with outer chamber being connected through gas pipeline to injector, which is cooperating with pump and is connected to gas and liquid mixture pipeline communicated with flow dispersal device arranged at methane tank bottom. Branch pipe for feeding newly diluted organic wastes into methane tank and branch pipe for discharging from reservoir of heated fermented sediment delivered from overflow pipeline are connected to heat-exchanger inner and outer chambers, respectively. Heat-exchanger inner chamber is connected through pipelines to reservoir inner and outer chambers.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency and enhanced reliability in operation. 5 cl, 2 dwg
NOVELTY - A treatment method of organic wastes using wood chips is provided to ferment the organic wastes by injecting the wood chips and organic wastes such as livestock excrements or garbage into a septic tank in which automatic heat insulation and agitation are possible.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The treatment method of organic wastes using wood chips is characterized in that the wastes are treated by mixing the organic wastes with fine granular wood chips in a septic tank so that the organic wastes are fermented as they are being agitated, wherein size of the fine granular wood chips is 10 (length)x5(width)x2(thickness) mm, an injection ratio of the wood chips and wastes is 1:2-1:3, and agitation time thereof is 1 to 3 minutes per hour, the fermentation is performed to a pH of 7.7 to 8.7 that is the range during titration of high temperature aerobic fermentation at a temperature of 50 to 60 deg.C, the organic wastes are pig excrements, cattle excrements or garbage, the wood chips are made of a tree selected from pine tree, Pinus pentaphylla, Japanese cedar or Populus x albaglandulosa Salicaceae, and a heat insulation unit and an agitator are mounted on the septic tank.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has air and fuel supply units (3,2) for feeding air and fuel to the fuel cell stack (1). A heating system (24) raises the temperature of the fuel before being fed to the fuel cell stack.    USE - For electrically assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - As the fuel is heated before supplying to the fuel cell stack, the time taken for the fuel cell to become operational is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell stack (1)    Fuel supply unit (2)    Air supply unit (3)    Heating system (24)
NOVELTY - A controller (8) controls a rectifier (72), which supplies electric current to an electrolysis cell (1), based on usage quantity of electricity for producing anode or cathode gas of predetermined amount. An electrolyzer temperature regulation mechanism (JT) is controlled by the controller for controlling temperature of electrolyzer within appropriate range.    USE - For producing hydrogen which is supplied to fuel cell of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Produces necessary amount of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, stably in an inexpensive manner without deteriorating electrolysis efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for electrolysis method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a structure of hydrogen and oxygen gas generating system.    Electrolysis cell (1)    Controller (8)    Rectifier (72)    Electrolyzer temperature regulation mechanism (JT)
NOVELTY - Hot gas odorant contains trans-2-butene and/or cis-2-butene.    USE - For natural gas, town gas, industrial gas such as acetylene, gas for fuel cells, hydrogen gas and dimethyl ether (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The odorant prevents generation of sulfur dioxide on heating of hot gas, and hence is eco-friendly. The sensing density of the odorant can be raised by adding mercaptan or sulfide. The odorant is free of problems associated with catalyst degradation when added to natural gas used in fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The electrolyte films (1) of a cathode (2) are distributed between the electroconductive separator boards (4). The oxidizing gas flow path (13) and the heating gas flow path (14) distributed in contact with cathode are connected to respective holes provided in a manifold. An electrical insulating layer (17) encloses the periphery of each film.    USE - For electric vehicle, domestic co-generation system and portable electric power unit.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces occurrence of short circuit condition due to effective insulation of separator boards.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Electrolyte films (1)    Cathode (2)    Electroconductive separator boards (4)    Oxidizing gas flow path (13)    Heating gas flow path (14)    Electrical insulating layer (17)
NOVELTY - A synthetic gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide is generated by the reaction of plasma gas and carbon material in a plasma reactor (PR). The methane rich gas is generated by reacting the synthetic gas with a catalyst, after adjusting the hydrogen/carbon monoxide ratio. The methane-rich gas is cooled to remove water. The water is evaporated, and the gas is guided to plasma reaction route.    USE - For producing substitute natural gas (SNG).    ADVANTAGE - Reduces production cost, since water and carbon are used as raw material for long period. Avoids generation of toxic substances, and thus environmental load is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for substitute natural gas production apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the above substitute natural gas production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Plasma reactor (PR)
NOVELTY - A modifier reforms a hydrocarbon group fuel, and the reformed fuel is passed through a combustion fuel flow path. A combustion fuel feed zone (17) supplies combustion fuel through several supply ports, in different positions along the combustion fuel flow path, to an evaporator, which heats the supplied fuel with oxygen supplied from a blower and a catalyst.    USE - As fuel reformer, for reforming hydrocarbon fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Enables sufficient heat exchange in the heating unit, and improves energy efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell of the above fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Combustion fuel feed zone (17)
NOVELTY - An ultrasonic wave is applied to high temperature reformation chamber filled with fuel, catalyst and water, to generate air bubble by cavitation. The air bubble is crushed by the adiabatic compression and reformed gas is generated.    USE - For reforming liquid fuel e.g. hydrogen fuel for fuel cell used as power source.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces reformation time and improves reformation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for liquid fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of liquid fuel reformer.
NOVELTY - A communication unit (5) transmits the output of a gas concentration detection unit (3) in a gas detector (2), to a communication unit (15) of a ventilator (11). The gas detector is driven by a battery. A processor outputs a warning, if abnormality in communication is detected.    USE - For ventilating room.    ADVANTAGE - A room is ventilated reliably and safety is ensured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the ventilation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas detector (2)    Gas concentration detection unit (3)    Communication units (5,15)    Ventilator (11)
NOVELTY - A total-energy system, for manufacturing cellulose, glucose and alcohol, involves using sea weed and plants as raw materials.    USE - For manufacturing cellulose, glucose and alcohol.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple and does not affect the environment. The total energy system is used in direct existing product and small-scale plant.
NOVELTY - Organic waste treatment equipment (I) comprising a residue discharging device (50) at the bottom of the treatment tank (1), to eject the organic fertilizer generated by processing the organic waste, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for processing organic wastes of hotels, restaurants, supermarkets and the personal dining-room.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitating ejection of organic waste or residue, easily and completely, and avoids the worker to enter into the tank during routine inspection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the abnormal product discharge device provided to the bottom of process tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Treatment tank (1)    Residue discharging device (50)
NOVELTY - The preparation of hydrogen comprises bringing a nickel-cobalt alloy into contact with an alkali-containing aqueous solution which contains a metal-hydrogen complex compound.    USE - For the production of hydrogen, which can be used in fuel cells mounted on automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is produced efficiently at a high rate and the catalyst life of the nickel-cobalt alloy is long.
NOVELTY - A microorganism fixed carrier contains acid modified thermoplastic resin fixed with microorganism. The microorganism fixed carrier is dissolved in a liquid to obtain a solid content of 100 mg/l. 100 ml of above liquid is aerated, such that 80% or more of carrier is circulated in liquid within 5 hours after aerating.    USE - As microorganism fixed carrier for use in waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The carrier has excellent fluidity during initial stages of waste water treatment, thereby waste water treatment is started in a short time after supplying carrier. The carrier has roughened porous structure, in which microorganism adheres firmly.
NOVELTY - A sorter (20) classifies the crushed material to lightweight, heavy weight and granule materials (W5-W7). Drying machines (51,46) enable drying of ground lightweight crushed material (W8) and inflammable solid ground material (W11) and granule object material (W7) using hot air to lower water content to less than 10%. Dried lightweight material and solid ground material are solidified and compressed in a solidification apparatus (55).    USE - Used to produce refuse solid fuel from inflammable bulky waste e.g. home refuse, clothing, furniture and electrical appliances.    ADVANTAGE - By drying the lightweight ground waste and heavy weight ground waste in separate drying machines with hot air, favorable and efficient drying without production of dioxin is obtained. A good solid fuel is obtained. Differentiation of refuse is easily done by grinding in separate grinding machines. After crushing bulky waste, the refuse is unified into general inflammable waste, thus simplifying the process line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart explaining the work process of the refuse solid fuel formation plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Sorter (20)    Drying machines (46,51)    Solidification apparatus (55)    Lightweight material (W5)    Heavy weight material (W6)    Granule material (W7)    Ground lightweight crushed material (W8)    Inflammable solid ground material (W11)
NOVELTY - The device has a housing, a substrate (121) and an electrode (122) on an electrode side (226) of the substrate. The substrate is designed to enable gas to pass from a gas chamber (124) on a gas chamber side of the substrate to the electrode. The substrate has at least one essentially gas-tight zone (224) that extends from one surface of the substrate through to the opposite surface of the substrate.    USE - For combining into a block of fuel cell units.    ADVANTAGE - Enables a gas chamber on a gas chamber side of a substrate to be simply and reliably sealed gas tight against a further gas chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following: a block of fuel cell units.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of part of an inventive device    substrate (121)    electrode (122)    electrode side of substrate (226)    gas chamber (124)    essentially gas-tight zone (224)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell unit (114) has a housing bounding at least one gas chamber (124) and gas passage openings in opposing first and second housing walls (118,120). The fuel cell unit contains at least one annular closed support element (200) with gas passage openings arranged between the first and second housing walls to hold the walls at a distance apart.    USE - For combining into a block of fuel cell units.    ADVANTAGE - The housing has adequate deformation stability relative to the sealing surface pressure required for a flat seal, even at high temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following: a block of fuel cell units.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell unit block    fuel cell units (114)    housing walls (118,120)    gas chamber (124)    support elements (200)
NOVELTY - A system (100) for producing hydrogen and fueling vehicles, has a bulk tank (102) containing liquid natural gas, a heat exchanger (108) connected to the bulk tank for warming liquid natural gas, a reformer (110) connected to the heat exchanger for producing hydrogen from the warmed liquid natural gas, and a dispenser (116) connected to the reformer for dispensing produced hydrogen to the vehicles.    USE - For producing hydrogen and fueling vehicles by using hydrogen to produce power (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The simple and economical system efficiently converts liquid natural gas into pure hydrogen, and reduces waste material generated. The system is provided at a lower cost to the existing and growing infrastructure supplying bulk natural gas. By transporting liquid natural gas by using the tanker truck of the system to the reformer, pure hydrogen is produced efficiently. Since natural gas is 98% efficient, when stripping hydrogen from natural gas, very low amount of carbon dioxide waste is produced. Since the liquid natural gas has ignition energy, the liquid natural gas is safer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of fueling vehicles by using hydrogen to produce power, which involves warming stored liquid natural gas, converting the warmed liquid natural gas to hydrogen gas, and dispensing hydrogen produced to the vehicles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic drawing of the fuel cell refueling station.    Hydrogen producing-and-fueling system (100)    Bulk tank (102)    Sump (104)    Heat exchanger (108)    Reformer (110)    Purifier (111)    Compressor (112)    Gas storage tube (114)    Dispenser (116)
NOVELTY - Lower hydrocarbon (C2) is synthesized using single methane component as a material at normal pressure (101.3 Pa), relatively low temp. (below 200 deg.C) and no addition of primer gas and oxygen for coupling course, in the presence of carried metal or metal oxide catalyst and through AC or DC electric field enhanced plasma catalysis.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Under AC field, the methane converting rate is 6.2-8.6%, and C2 hydrocarbon selectivity is 94.5-97.8%, and under DC field, the methane converting rate is 11.5-22% and C2 hydrocarbon selectivity is 94-96%.
NOVELTY - A gas permeation apparatus comprises a gas permeation module and a permselective membrane. The module has feed gas inlet, outlet for gas stream containing purified methane and outlet for gas stream containing hydrocarbons higher than 1C. The membrane has a permeate side and retentate side. It consists of glassy, amorphous or semi-crystalline polymers.    USE - Separating purified methane from hydrocarbon higher than 1C in a feed gas mixture e.g., natural gas, naphtha, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas or off gas from petrochemical industries.    ADVANTAGE - The membrane has mechanical and thermal characteristics such that the production of the methane-enriched gas mixture can be performed at a wide range of high pressures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Gas permeation apparatus comprises gas permeation module (1) and permselective membrane (1'). The gas permeation module has a feed gas inlet (2), outlet for gas stream (4) containing purified methane, and outlet for gas stream (3) containing hydrocarbons higher than 1C. The permselective membrane has a permeate side (4') and retentate side (3'). The permselective membrane consists of glassy, amorphous or semi-crystalline polymers having a glass-transition temperature above the operating temperature of the gas permeation apparatus. The outlet for the gas stream containing purified methane is arranged on the permeate side of the permselective membrane.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for separating purified methane from hydrocarbons higher than 1C in a gas mixture, and withdrawing, from the permeate side of a membrane, a product gas mixture that is free of hydrocarbons higher than 1C.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows apparatus for separating purified methane as permeate product gas.    Gas permeation module (1)    Permselective membrane (1')    Retentate gas stream (3)    Retentate side (3')    Permeate gas stream (4)    Permeate side (4')
NOVELTY - A thermal treatment apparatus comprises a thermal chamber (1), a conveyor (6, 10), an air inlet (11), a gas outlet, a pressure transducer (15), and a damper (12).    USE - For combustion, gasification, or pyrolysis of waste material, e.g. biomass, household, commercial waste, rubber tires, and mixed plastics, for energy recovery.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is simple, accurate, robust, reliable, and effective in regulating the combustion or gasification without significant manual involvement and without expensive or complex control systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thermal treatment apparatus comprises a thermal chamber for heating the material (3), a conveyor for transporting the material through the chamber at a predetermined rate, an air inlet to the chamber, a gas outlet, a pressure transducer for determining the pressure in the chamber, a damper for automatically controlling the volume of air introduced into the chamber through the air inlet response to the determined pressure. The chamber has a material inlet (4) and a material outlet (7).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a thermal treatment method for the thermal degradation of a material into a gas and a solid residue using a thermal chamber with an air inlet and an exhaust gas outlet having a material inlet and a material outlet; comprising transporting the material through a heated chamber at a predetermined rate from a material inlet to material outlet, determining the pressure in the chamber, and controlling the volume of air introduced into the chamber through the air inlet in response to the determined pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagrammatic representation of the apparatus.    Thermal chamber (1)    Material (3)    Material inlet (4)    Conveyor (6, 10)    Material outlet (7)    Air inlet (11)    Damper (12)    Speed control (14)
NOVELTY - Hair styling composition comprises (in weight%) hair styling polymer (0.001-10), aerosol propellant (0-35) and wax particles (0.01-30), in aqueous dispersion. The wax particle has an average particle size of 1-500 mum and comprise a wax having a melting point of 30-150degreesC.    USE - As foaming composition, aerosol hair mousse (claimed), gel, lotion, cream and tonic, for styling hair.    ADVANTAGE - The composition has good styling (ease of comb/brushing), softness and/or conditioning properties, and reduces the feeling of stickiness on the hands or the wet hair which is associated with corresponding compositions without the wax particles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of styling hair by applying the composition to the hair.
NOVELTY - A separator (18) has the synthetic resin elements (18C,18D). The resin elements have gas passage connecting portion (37) with gas flow adjusting portions (35,36) that direct the gas flow at the connecting portion along direction perpendicular to the direction connecting the opposing portions (30,31). The connecting portion connects the manifold portion (33) and the gas passages (27,28) so as to enable uniform gas flow.    USE - For polymer electrolyte fuel cell apparatus used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables uniform distribution of gas and prevents leakage of gas between the gas flow adjusting portion and the perforation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell.    Separator (18)    Synthetic resin elements (18C,18D)    Gas passages (27,28)    Opposing portions (30,31)    Manifold portion (33)    Gas flow adjusting portions (35,36)    Gas passage connecting portion (37)
NOVELTY - A gas containing water vapor, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide derived from biomass (10A) is contacted with a catalyst for steam reforming, to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The resultant gas containing water vapor and carbon monoxide is contacted with a catalyst for steam shifting, to form hydrogen and carbon dioxide, to produce a gas containing hydrogen derived from biomass.    USE - For producing gas containing hydrogen from biomass, used to operate fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal energy from flue gas is used to supply heat to compensate energy for endothermic reactions. Moisture from the biomass is reduced by a dryer supplied from a flue gas. A gas containing hydrogen derived from biomass is separated from the gas, to produce hydrogen devoid of impurities. The method is continuous, and hydrogen contained in the gas is stored in a medium and separated from the gas for subsequent release.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method to produce hydrogen involves providing a gas containing water vapor and carbon monoxide derived from a biomass; a flue gas (24A) by combustion of the biomass; a catalyst for steam reforming a gas containing hydrocarbons; a catalyst for steam shifting of the gas containing carbon monoxide derived from steam reforming; contacting the gas containing water vapor, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide with the steam reforming catalyst, to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide; and contacting the gas after steam reforming containing water vapor and carbon monoxide, with steam shifting catalyst, to form hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and thus producing a gas containing hydrogen derived from a biomass.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow sheet of the method of producing hydrogen from gas containing water vapor carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons.    Biomass (10A)    Flue gas (24A)
NOVELTY - A reformer system is operated by introducing a gas mixture to the reformer system, increasing a proportion of an oxidant in the gas mixture and controlling a flow rate of the gas mixture, and reacting the gas mixture to form a reformate stream and to increase a temperature in the reformer system. The temperature is effective to remove a contaminant from the reformer system.    USE - For operating a reformer system for removing contaminants for electric vehicle fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention prevents the catalyst degradation caused by build-up of carbon and other particulate matter. It improves the durability and performance of the fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic of a fuel reformer system.
NOVELTY - A carbon layer gas (2) is modified and methane content is reduced. The modified carbon layer gas is supplied to a pressurization-type gasifier (20) by increasing the pressure. Partial oxidation of the modified carbon layer gas and carbon group fuel is carried out. One portion of the carbon monoxide produced by partial oxidation is reacted with water vapor and is converted into hydrogen.    USE - For producing mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide for use in fuel and electric-power joint production plant (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The mixed gas manufacturing method is safe and effectively uses carbon layer gas. The method saves energy and contributes to global-warming prevention.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A carbon layer gas (2), an oxidizing agent and water vapor having a carbon group fuel and methane as main component are supplied and reacted in a pressurization-type gasifier (20). The carbon layer gas is modified and methane content is reduced. The modified carbon layer gas is supplied to the gasifier by increasing the pressure. Partial oxidation of the modified carbon layer gas and carbon group fuel is carried out. One portion of the carbon monoxide produced by partial oxidation is reacted with water vapor and is converted into hydrogen. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Mixed gas manufacturing apparatus; and    (2) Fuel and electric-power joint production plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of the fuel and electric-power joint production plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbon layer gas (2)    Gasifier (20)
NOVELTY - A transformation unit (5) is located between reformation unit (3) and selective-oxidation unit (6) to provide heat conduction. A heater (4) is adjusted to maintain temperature of the reformation unit appropriate for reformation process, and a cooler (10) is adjusted to maintain the selective-oxidation unit temperature appropriate for selective-oxidation process.    USE - For controlling operation of hydrogen gas production apparatus for electric power generation reaction in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains temperature of reformation and selective-oxidation units by simple control.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical side view of the hydrogen gas production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformation unit (3)    Heater (4)    Transformation unit (5)    Selective-oxidation unit (6)    Cooler (10)
NOVELTY - A separator (4) separates the water vapor from reformed heating gas output from a reactor (3). The separated water vapor along with hydrocarbon, is supplied through a recycle pipe (5) and to reformation device (2).    USE - For solid polymer fuel cell used as co-generation system for use in domestic appliance and in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The system recycles and utilizes the produced hydrogen gas and avoids mixing of nitrogen with hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel reformation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Original fuel modification reaction device (2)    Separator (4)    Recycle line (5)
NOVELTY - Supply of water vapor to a modification unit (3) is stopped and desulfurized gas is supplied to the modification unit, when the temperature inside the modification unit and a transformation unit (5), falls to specific temperature at which precipitation of carbon by thermal decomposition of the desulfurized gas is prevented.    USE - For generating hydrogen gas used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The starting time of the hydrogen gas generation apparatus, is reduced and maintenance operation is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen gas generation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification unit (3)    Transformation unit (5)
NOVELTY - A gas separation membrane pipe (9) is installed in an extended area of a mixed gas transduction pipe (10), to isolate the gas from the mixed gas.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Separates the mixed gas efficiently. Suppresses concentration gradient of mixed gas and hence local deterioration of gas separation film is suppressed and permeability is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional views of the gas separation module.    Gas separation membrane pipe (9)    Transduction pipe (10)
NOVELTY - A vertical self-sustained combustion type carbonization furnace has thermometer (T0) arranged in the side wall corresponding to preset operation level calculated from characteristics and throughput of processed material. The portion of organic waste material supplied from the upper portion is burned and carbonized with the heat of combustion to produce charcoal which is removed from lower portion.    USE - For carbonization of organic waste such as paper sludge, sewage sludge and livestock dung.    ADVANTAGE - The carbonization temperature is adjusted and the quality of carbonized substance is stabilized by maintaining the raw material layer upper portion at preset level.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for operation of vertical self-sustained combustion type carbonization furnace which involves adjusting the amount of raw material supply or carbonized article removal based on temperature calculated using the thermometer such that upper level of raw material layer is maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical self-sustained combustion type carbonization furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Thermometer (T0)
NOVELTY - A hydrothermal reaction of organic oxidizing agent and organic material in supercritical state of water, involves supplying an organic compound having dielectric constant of 15 or more and solubility parameter of 11 or less, as supplementary fuel to the reactor.    USE - For decomposing organic substance.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrothermal reaction is performed efficiently and reliably at controlled reaction temperature. The supplementary fuel washes the feed pipe and supply pipe, when it adheres to the feed pipe or port and prevents the adherence of the processed material.
NOVELTY - A deodorizing apparatus (3) has an odor washing apparatus (2) for wet washing of odor produced by organic waste. The deodorizing apparatus carries out bioprocessing of wash water produced after wet washing.    USE - For deodorizing odor generated by organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The deodorizing apparatus is simple and economical, and provides improved deodorizing efficiency. Processing capacity is improved, and running cost is reduced. The effective interfacial area of filter medium is increased. Odor and waste water which are ejected from the apparatus are purified, and made best for environmental conservation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above deodorizing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Odor washing apparatus (2)    Deodorizing apparatus (3)    Filter medium (13)
NOVELTY - Nucleic acid (I) which hybridizes with the DNA of dechlorination bacteria preferentially at the chlorinated ethylene-decomposing gene or at a position upstream of the DNA, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for detecting dechlorination bacteria, by performing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using (I) for the primer and the nucleic acid(s) present in the sample bacterium for the template and detecting the synthesized DNA fragments. (II) is useful for detecting dechlorination bacteria, by bringing (II) into contact with a sample bacterium or with nucleic acid(s) prepared from such sample bacterium to effect an RNA- or DNA-hybridization, and detecting the label of the probe (claimed). (I) or (II) is useful for detecting high performance dechlorination bacteria, especially those exhibiting high activity of decomposing vinyl chloride.    ADVANTAGE - (I) or (II) allows detection of high performance dechlorination bacteria, especially those exhibiting high activity of decomposing vinyl chloride, selectively in an easy manner with specifically high accuracy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a labeled probe (II) for detecting dechlorination bacteria, comprising (I) labeled with radioactive elements, enzymes, fluorescent substances, antigens, antibodies or chemical substances; and    (2) treating earth or underground water polluted by chlorinated ethylene and/or chlorinated ethane using dechlorination bacteria, by detecting dechlorination bacteria using (I) or (II) for samples from various origins to identify soil or underground water containing a dechlorination bacterium; and introducing the so-identified soil or underground water or a cultivation liquor inoculated with the identified soil or underground water into the earth or underground water polluted by chlorinated ethylene and/or chlorinated ethane.
NOVELTY - A reforming apparatus comprising a reformer catalytically producing an H2-enriched gas from a fuel stream, together with a fuel inlet and an air inlet, is such that the reforming catalyst is a noble metal catalyst on a metal oxide carrier, there also being a claimed variant in which the apparatus also has a device which selectively and catalytically oxidizes the CO in the reform gas to CO2, in which case the air supply device can also feed the selective oxidation device.    USE - The reformed gas is used as a feed for fuel cells, e.g. in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Unlike in prior-art (e.g. Cu- and Ru-catalysed) systems, abnormal heat generation, and subsequent catalyst deactivation, is prevented and the system can be easily stopped and catalyst deactivation limited without the need to use an inert gas to effect rinsing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Also included are INDEPENDENT CLAIMS for rinsing processes using the reforming apparatus (or its variant) involving stopping the fuel feed and then commencing feed of the air. In the case of the variant being used, the selective oxidation catalyst is one including Pt.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows results obtained in measuring catalyst temperature against time in the reforming of MeOH following stoppage of the MeOH and water feeds and rinsing the reformer with air, the results being shown for use of both a Pd and a (control) Cu catalyst with the start of the air rinsing step indicated by the upwards-pointing arrow.
NOVELTY - The composite membrane comprises a flexible, porous, substrate membrane with a metallic catalytic layer. It also serves to separate hydrogen produced, from the membrane reactor.    USE - Reforming a hydrocarbon fuel to produce hydrogen for a fuel cell for stationary or mobile use (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The membrane has both high hydrogen permeability and selectivity. At the same time, its stability is high. These factors suit it for use in a reactor where it is subjected to high pressure and/or alternating conditions of pressure, at high temperatures. High purity hydrogen is produced. Conveniently, the membrane may be electrically-heated. No subsequent shift reaction stage is required and no oxygen is involved. Very high temperatures can be reached in the reaction zone, yet no fuel is consumed for heating, and coke formation is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the electrically-heated composite membrane and a membrane reactor. The membrane substrate is effectively perforated, being preferably a fabric and/or fleece made of porous ceramic. Hydrogen is formed in contact with methane and water at 700 degrees C. The membrane separates the hydrogen, whilst retaining other components of the reaction mixture.
NOVELTY - Plant straw processing comprises: (1) hydrolysis and saccharification; and/or (2) fermentation with microbes. Material from steps (1) and (2) are mixed separately with additive to produce several kinds of high protein saccharified feeds suitable for various farm animals. The feeds have comprehensive nutrient components, of international standard.
NOVELTY - A pumping system (105) and a catalyst system (107) are connected in fluid communication with a fuel container (101) and a spent fuel container (102), respectively. A portion of the two containers is shared through a flexible shared partition.    USE - The hydrogen is used for fuel cells, combustion engines and mobile applications etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since the two fuel containers are shared through a flexible shared partition, a portable hydrogen generator that is efficient and compact in configuration is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for hydrogen generating method and apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of portable hydrogen generator.    Fuel container (101)    Spent fuel container (102)    Pumping system (105)    Catalyst system (107)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage battery comprises a negative electrode with an electrochemically active negative material having an active negative material and a negative electrode capacity; and a positive electrode electrochemically coupled with the negative electrode. The positive electrode has an electrochemically active positive material, a precharge, and a positive electrode capacity.    USE - Rechargeable hydrogen storage battery.    ADVANTAGE - The battery has improved cycle life.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) A method for making a hydrogen storage battery comprising electrochemically coupling the negative electrode with the positive electrode in an electrochemical cell.    (2) A method for making active nickel material for a positive electrode of a hydrogen storage battery comprising forming nickel hydroxide particles in the presence of an oxidizing agent.
NOVELTY - Providing a process for pyrolyzing and gasifying organic materials.    USE - The process is especially useful for pyrolyzing and gasifying processed domestic refuse, e.g. Trockenstabilat (TM).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for pyrolyzing and gasifying organic materials by contacting the materials with a heat transfer medium in a pyrolysis reactor, burning the resulting coke in a combustion reactor supplied with air, and cracking condensable components of the pyrolysis off-gas in a cracking reactor, comprises using superheated steam as a fluidizing medium for transporting the heat transfer medium.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for pyrolyzing and gasifying organic materials, comprising a pyrolysis reactor, a combustion reactor, a cracking reactor, and a fluidized siphon (45) supplied with superheated steam (50).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fluidized siphon (45) supplied with superheated steam (50).    Fluidized siphon (45)    Superheated steam. (50)
NOVELTY - The microorganisms are immobilized on elastomeric polymer foam inside separate tubes secured to the reaction vessel via a cover.    USE - For removing hydrogen sulfide from biogas, used e.g. for running motor cars, as well as for treating combustion gases or ventilation air.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor requires little maintenance, has a low cost design and allows oxidation to be carried out in separate cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bioreactor for oxidizing iron from its divalent state (Fe(II)) to its trivalent state (Fe(III)) comprises a reaction vessel, a support for immobilizing microorganisms used to carry out the oxidation process, components for allowing the reactor to be oxygenated, and components for providing a thermostat control of the reactor. The support is formed by independent units, comprising polyurethane foam or another elastomeric polymer foam, inside cylindrical tubes on an internal structure secured to the reaction vessel via a cover. The oxygenation and thermostat components are also on this structure.
NOVELTY - A reforming device (2) generates hydrogen gas necessary for generating electricity in the fuel cell (4) is stored and supplied from a hydrogen buffer (MHB). The electricity necessary for a load (12) is served by electricity supplied from an electric buffer (CAPA) and fuel cell.    USE - For generating electricity used for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to effectively use hydrogen gas and energy efficiently to enhance the response to an output change, thereby the optimizes the efficiency of the fuel cell. Also the weight and size of the fuel cell system are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual view of the fuel cell system.    Reforming device (2)    Fuel cell (4)    Load (12)    Electric buffer (CAPA)    Hydrogen buffer (MHB)
NOVELTY - Method for functionally testing catalytic type explosive gas detectors comprises: (1) providing an aerosol dispenser having an aerosol dispensing nozzle and pressurized with a hydrocarbon propellant for dispensing a spray formulation for actuating smoke detectors of photoelectric and ionization types; and (2) delivering a spray of the formulation from the nozzle to the explosive gas detector under test.    USE - For the functional testing of catalytic type explosive gas detectors.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is safe, convenient, reliable and cost effective.
NOVELTY - A reformer generates hydrogen rich reformed gas from fuel stream using noble metal catalyst carried by a metallic oxide.    USE - For fuel cell system used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Limits abnormal heat generation and heat degradation of catalyst during scavenging process by using noble metal catalyst carried by metallic oxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for scavenging method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of reforming catalyst layer used in the reforming apparatus.
NOVELTY - A method for forming combustible refuse into refuse derived fuel (RDF) is provided, in which waste organic sludge containing 50 to 90 % of protein is used as an adhesive agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves feeding the crushed and dried combustible wastes, such as waste paper, waste vinyl to a hopper (10) together with waste organic sludge containing 50-90 % protein; transferring and mixing the combustible waste to a discharge hole by a screw (30) built in a case (20); and extruding the waste to fabricate RDF at 120-130degreesC at 2-3 kgf/cm2.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for use in the above method.
NOVELTY - A manufacturing method of refuse derived fuel (RDF) is provided, which can produce RDF of homogeneous quality and enhanced heating value by using industrial waste and sludge. In the process, the explosion problem encountered during molding procedure is clearly settled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The manufacturing method comprises the steps of raw material treatment by feeding raw materials of combustible waste, waste paper, and sludge into the raw material treatment facility at a fixed ratio, followed by magnetic separation to remove metals before crushing the raw material; drying the waste by hot air followed by selecting light matter (paper, vinyl) and heavy matter (sludge, glass and porcelain, non-metal, plastics) for transferring the light matter to mixer and the heavy matter to the next molding step; screening for crushing followed by classifying into glass and porcelain, non-metal, plastics, and sludge by two vibrating screens, air classifier, cyclone and bag filter before storing; mixing by mixer; molding into RDF pellet; storing, collecting exhaust gas for using as a combustion air.
NOVELTY - A manufacturing method of refuse derived fuel (RDF) is provided, which can produce various type of RDF using only one of modularized RDF manufacturing plant, by selectively using a facility according to composition and moisture content.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Manufacture of RDF, using industrial waste and waste paper as a main raw material and sludge as a selective auxiliary raw material to manufacture various type of RDF, to produce RDF-2, RDF-3, RDF-5 selectively involves modularizing processes of raw material feeding, magnetic separation, crushing, and natural draft drying as a common process; modularizing selectively more than one process selected from a group comprising hot air drying, crushing, mixing, and molding, the RDF-2 adopting type 1 of the 7 manufacturing type, the RDF-3 adopting type 2, and RDF-5 adopting type 4.
NOVELTY - A refuse treatment method for manufacturing the refuse into powder-type refuse derived fuel having heating value close to coal by crushing, drying and sorting municipal waste including garbage having a high moisture content and carbonizing, cooling and drying the sorted combustible waste is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for manufacturing refuse into powder type refuse derived fuel involves first sorting process of separating iron metals from iron metal from municipal waste by magnetic separation; crushing process of crushing the waste passing the first sorting process by a crusher; first drying process of sorting the waste into light materials and heavy materials by passing the crushed waste through a first dryer using hot air; second drying process of reducing moisture content of the heavy materials by repeatedly passing the heavy materials through a second dryer using hot air; first crushing process of finely crushing the heavy materials passing the second drying process by a crusher; second sorting process of separating the heavy materials passing the first crushing process into plastics, non-ferrous metals, glassware and porcelain and garbage using a sorter; mixing process of mixing light materials sorted in the first drying process with the garbage passing the second sorting process, and stirring the mixture; carbonization process of dry distilling the injected materials by injecting the light materials and the garbage mixed in the mixing process into a carbonization unit; cooling process of cooling carbide dry distilled in the carbonization process; second crushing process of finely crushing the carbide cooled in the cooling process by a crusher; and third drying process of drying the carbide crushed in the second crushing process by a third dryer.
NOVELTY - A process of manufacturing fuel using dyeing wastewater sludge, powdered wastepaper and coal is provided to recycle waste sources, thus prevent environmental pollution due to ocean dumping and landfill leachate of dyeing wastewater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process includes the steps of mixing 100 kg of dyeing wastewater sludge with a moisture content of 60 % with sodium hypochlorite 300 mL, potassium permanganate 200 g and ferrous sulfate 1000g; crushing wastepaper 20 kg; blending the mixture obtained in the first step with crushed wastepaper 20 kg and coal powder 40 kg; and molding the mixture.
NOVELTY - Raw materials like shellfish shells and limestone mining waste are baked, calcined and hydrolyzed to obtain an environmental hardening material and calcium carbonate. Waste materials like lumber waste, thinning wood are subjected to high temperature in a dry distillation furnace such that the exhaust gas contains wood vinegar gas. Sludges, wastepaper, are dry distilled to produce by-product like coal ash, slag, plastics.    USE - For producing water purifying material for lakes, marshes fishery, to manufacture paving-stone, curb-stone blocks for park, promenade, to manufacture interior and exterior clawing tiles, cladding panel, sewage disposal agent, harmful gas adsorption agent, humidity control agent, poisonous gas adsorbent, soil conditioner, horticulture potting soil, wood preservative, enameling the indoor space environmental structure. Used as fuel for sintering tiles, for firing furnaces and for sintering waste material, used as energy source in raw material processing and product manufacturing industries.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces generation of green house gas and protects environment from pollution. Recycling of combustible/non-combustible waste material is possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart for waste searching technique. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A reformed gas flowing up in a path (5) between a medial wall (21) and an intermediate wall (22) of a triple walled ceiling (2), returns through a hole (7) formed in the intermediate wall along a path (6) between the intermediate wall and an outer wall (23). The ceiling wall has a curved surface at least from a limit circumference of the side walls (1) near the top (10).    USE - For producing reformed gas rich in hydrogen by water vapor modification reaction of a raw material gas and water vapor.    ADVANTAGE - The heat energy of a combustion gas formed in a combustion chamber can be utilized efficiently, since the triple walled ceiling of the combustion chamber is formed with a curved surface at least from the limit circumference of the side walls from the top, where a reformed gas flowing upward returns through a hole along a downward path within the triple wall.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reformer has a reformation path (3) containing a reformation catalyst (4) to produce a reformed gas rich in hydrogen, by a water vapor modification reaction of a raw material gas and water vapor flowing along the upward path. A combustion chamber (11) which performs the combustion of a fuel gas and supplies the heat energy for the water vapor modification reaction is formed at the lower part of the reformer. The triple ceiling wall covers the upper part of the combustion chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Side wall (1)    Triple walled ceiling (2)    Reformation path (3)    Reformation catalyst (4)    Paths (5,6)    Hole (7)    Top (10)    Combustion chamber (11)    Medial wall (21)    Intermediate wall (22)    Outer wall (23)
NOVELTY - The water vapor is supplied as a substitute for heating gas, when the temperature of a process chamber (3) raises to the level which prevents carbon precipitation by thermal decomposition of heating gas and dew formation of water vapor. The heating gas and water vapor are supplied when temperature of process chamber raises to reformation temperature.    USE - For starting reformer (claimed) for hydrogen gas generation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the reformer to be started without impairing durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a systematic view of hydrogen gas generation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Process chamber (3)
NOVELTY - Exhaust gas pressure control method involves fluctuating at a predetermined value, the opening of an exhaust gas flow valve on the downstream side of the exhaust gas tank. As a result the pressure of exhaust gas supplied to burner modifier from the tank is controlled    USE - For controlling the pressure of exhaust gas in 4-tower type pressure-swing-adsorption apparatus for hydrogen refinement.    ADVANTAGE - Pressure fluctuation in exhaust gas is restrained. Combustion state of burner is stabilized when supplying exhaust gas as fuel for burner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged characteristic portion of the exhaust gas pressure control method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Compost manufacturing device consists of a stirring unit (2) mounted on a moving mechanism (9) which moves the stirrer along both-way direction and orthogonally inside a fermenter (1) where compost material is stored. The stirring unit stirs and transfers the compost material along longitudinal and lateral directions inside the fermenter, from opening side to other end.    USE - The device is useful for producing compost from compost material such as livestock, excrements, straw, chaff, deciduous, and organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Manufacture is economical as compost can be produced on mass production. Quality of compost is stabilized by performing frequent stirring. Additional fermenters for various types of compost are not required since fermenter is divided into multiple portion by partition plate. Compost is stirred deeply and effectively by stirrer without using expensive scoop. Maintenance is made easy as screw is exposed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial expanded view of fermenter with stirring unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermenter (1)    Stirring unit (2)    Moving mechanism (9)
NOVELTY - The method involves performing odorless processing of organic waste (2) in a primary fermentation facility (3) to form intermediate compost (4). The intermediate compost is transferred and mixed in a secondary fermentation facility (5) where secondary fermentation is carried out.    USE - For manufacturing compost by fermentation processing of organic waste such as excrement of livestock, litter, green grass, vegetable waste, organic refuse and sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Environmental pollution such as contamination of underground water, and spreading of bad smell is prevented by odorless processing of organic waste in the primary fermentation facility. Fine centralized control with respect to user's requirement is performed by secondary fermentation facility. Hence high quality compost is produced stably by varying raw materials in fermentation process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of the manufacturing process of the compost.    Organic waste (2)    Primary fermentation facility (3)    Intermediate compost (4)    Secondary fermentation facility (5)
NOVELTY - The composting device comprises a shaft (4) with spiral blades (2) at its periphery. Multiple shredding blades (3) are attached to stirring blades (5) between the spiral blades.    USE - For composting of bedding used in livestock barn.    ADVANTAGE - Improves stirring efficiency of livestock excrement, by providing both stirring and shredding blades.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the above livestock bedding composting device.    Spiral blade (2)    Shredding blade (3)    Shaft (4)    Stirring blade (5)
NOVELTY - Raw material livestock dung is deposited on an inclined floor surface of a fermentation and ripe chamber (9). The water content from the dung is ejected through a drainage gutter of the chamber during compaction and fermentation of the livestock dung.    USE - Used in stock-raising center and farm house to transform livestock dung into compost.    ADVANTAGE - Time period for transforming livestock dung to compost is shortened by eliminating the need for repeated ploughing and forced aeration. The release of poisonous gases such as methane, ammonia, hydrogen peroxide is controlled to minimum, and environmental pollution is prevented. The fermentation compost safe for soil and crops is produced effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of production plant explaining livestock dung compost method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermentation and ripe chamber (9)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply source generates hydrogen by electrolysis of water. Predetermined amount of hydrogen gas is filled automatically in a user's container (10) made of hydrogen occlusion alloy, based on predetermined price. A cooler cools the container forcibly, while filling the gas in the cooler.    USE - For selling hydrogen gas used as fuel in fuel cell that is used in motor vehicle, robot, note-book personal computer, mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen gas is replenished easily and safely. Required time, effort and maintenance are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the automatic hydrogen gas selling device.    User's container (10)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell control unit detects the operating state of the fuel cell (2) based on the gas pressure, flow rate and temperature of the reactive gases. The upper level of the energy that can be drawn is the calculated based on the readings and compares this with the energy demand characteristics, the depression of the accelerator pedal and the rotational speed of the motor (10).    USE - For controlling the fuel cell stack of an electric vehicle. The fuel stack has an electric double layer capacitor which is connected in parallel to each other and provide the propulsive power for the vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - To prevent the output torque of the propulsive motor from dropping shapely in the event of fuel cell malfunction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for recognizing an open voltage across the electric double layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the a controller arrangement    Fuel stack (2)    Capacitor (3)    Motor (10)
NOVELTY - In a process to make a membrane- electrode unit, separate first and second gas distributor layers incorporate hydrophobic carbon- based substrates. The substrates have selected inks containing a catalyst, dissolved ionomer and solvent.    USE - Fuel cell membrane- electrode.    ADVANTAGE - The process is suitable for the production of low- cost high- integrity thin membranes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The first gas distributor layer has a catalyst coating, which is then presented to a second, still- moist facing catalyst layer on the polymer electrolyte membrane, at raised temperature and pressure. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also include for a commensurate polymer- electrolyte membrane catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view through the membrane- electrode.
NOVELTY - A container-shaped reactor generates biogas from agricultural organic wastes. The reactor has upright sidewalls (2), one end-wall (3) and has a floor (1) that slopes downwards at a gradient of 3% to a drainage gully (19). The sidewalls forming the open end are linked near their top by a beam.    USE - Biogas reactor, for agricultural organic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor is capable of holding and processing large quantities of agricultural wastes. It is further suitable for supply as an assembly kit and for integration with existing agricultural mechanical handling systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The beam supports a pivoting (12) access hatch (11) and lifting jack (13). The gap between the reactor end-face and hatch is closed by a gas- and liquid-tight seal (15). The reactor has a gas-tight cover plate which is hinged on one side and is raised and lowered by a jack. The reactor upper rim has a channel holding liquid for a curtain seal with the cover plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of the above biogas reactor without cover plate (Includes non-English language text).    floor (1)    sidewalls (2)    rear wall (3)    bridge beam (4)    hinge (8)    gate (11)    pivot (12)    jack (13)    pressure hose (15)    drainage gutter (19)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen from biomass and/or waste containing biomass involves removing water produced by composting the biomass; and electrolytically decomposing the water.    USE - The method is useful for recovering energy from waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The products formed by the electrolytic decomposition of the water are used to produce a current and/or heat. Production of the biomass is carried out in open or closed chambers.
NOVELTY - A system for handling organic waste, consists of a movable frame which can be supplied with a number of drive units. Blade units (11) are actuated by a space saving shaft drive, to prevent blockages, and are in the form of a worm pump. The pump mechanical components run in an oil bath and are maintenance free.    USE - The arrangement is used as a system for handling organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The system is simple and effective.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the blade units    blade units (11)
NOVELTY - The solid oxide fuel cell stack (10) comprises a number of modules (12). Each module has an elongate hollow member. Each hollow member has two parallel surfaces upon which are arranged solid oxide fuel cells. The hollow members are porous to allow fuel to flow to the solid oxide fuel cells. Each hollow member has a passage extending longitudinally through the hollow member. The fuel diffuses through the hollow member to the anode electrodes of the fuel cells.    USE - The arrangement of the modules provides compliance in the solid oxide fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - Thermal and mechanical stresses in the solid oxide fuel cell stack are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - At least one end (34) of each module is connected to an end of an adjacent module to allow reactant to flow sequentially through the modules.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a partially cut away perspective view of a solid oxide fuel cell stack.    Solid oxide fuel cell stack (10)    Modules (12)    End of each module (34)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system, comprising a reforming part, a material supply part for reforming part, a water supply part for reforming part, a fuel cell, a burner for the reforming part, an air supply part for the burner, a fuel supply part for the burner, a fuel supply route for supplying the fuel and the off gas from the fuel cell to the burner, a flame-tight part installed in the fuel supply route, and a heating means for heating the flame-tight part to stop a backfire without closing the fuel supply route.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell arrangement (3) has at least a process input gas inlet (9) and a process output gas outlet (10). An internal combustion piston engine unit (2) comprises a process output gas emission reduction system (15) and the fuel cell arrangement (3) comprises a process output water outlet (14) which may be connected with the process output gas emission reduction system (15) of the internal combustion piston engine unit (2).    USE - In combined fuel cell-piston engine plant for producing power particularly for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).    ADVANTAGE - Emissions are minimized with wide range of power load and which also provides a solution compact in space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for:    (a) a method of operating a combined fuel cell-piston engine plant    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows combined fuel cell-piston engine plant according to the present invention.    internal combustion piston engine unit (2)    fuel cell arrangement (3)    process input gas inlet (4)    turbo-charging system (6)    process input gas outlet (7)    process input gas inlet (9)    process output gas outlet (10)    process output water outlet (14)    process output gas emission reduction system (15)
NOVELTY - A diesel reforming strategy comprises supplying diesel fuel to a fractional distillation device, fractionally distilling the diesel fuel to produce a light fuel stream and heavy fuel stream and reforming the light fuel stream in a reformer to produce a reformate.    USE - For utilizing diesel reforming strategy to reform diesel fuel useful in engines to operate a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The method is capable of reforming commercial or military fuels which are difficult to reform because of their tendency to partially decompose prior to full vaporization. It allows the removal of at least some of the sulfur content and utilizes the heavy fuel to heat various system components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (a) A diesel fuel reforming system that comprises fractional distillation device in fluid communication with a supply of diesel fuel, and reformer in fluid communication with the fractional distillation device;    (b) A method of making an apparatus for a diesel reforming strategy comprising disposing a reformer in fluid communication with a fuel cell stack, disposing the reformer in fluid communication with a fractional distillation device and disposing the fractional distillation device in fluid communication with a supply of fuel; and    (c) A fuel cell system for diesel fuel reforming comprising distillation device, reformer and solid oxide fuel cell for producing electricity from the reformate.
NOVELTY - An expander (18) lowers the pressure of gas communicated to a fuel cell (12) from a fuel tank (16) through a conduit (38). The expander drives a compressor (20) to compress the air in the fuel cell through another conduit (48).    USE - For vehicles e.g. electric/hybrid-electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the provision of expander and compressor, the potential energy of compressed gas stored within a vehicle to supply pressurized air to vehicle's fuel cell is utilized efficiently thereby improving the performance and fuel economy of the vehicle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Pressurized hydrogen gas and air supplying system; and    (2) Pressurized gas and air delivering method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the air supply system.    Fuel cell (12)    Fuel tank (16)    Expander (18)    compressor (20)    Conduits (38,48)
NOVELTY - The polyol blend composition, which is phase stable for at least 24 hours after blending the components, comprises (1) sucrose and dipropylene glycol co-initiated propylene oxide polyether polyol (a); (2) polyester polyol (b); (3) compatibilizing agent (c) comprising butanol-initiated propylene oxide polyether surfactant; and (4) hydrocarbon blowing agent (d) comprising 4-6C hydrocarbons/mixture.    USE - For polyurethane foams (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foams obtained using the polyol blend composition, are dimensionally stable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for polyurethane foam comprising reaction product of organic polyisocyanate and polyol blend composition.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a pollution-free treatment method for organic wastes and a device therefor. The method comprises: cracking an organic waste to about 80% coke; removing the coke from the reaction furnace and separately heating the coke to perform a secondary cracking in order to completely remove the volatile compositions remained in the coke and form a pure coke; discharging the cracking gas from the reaction furnace and, after processes of separation, cooling, etc., converting the cracking gas into a completely recycled resource oil and gas. The invented method overcomes the problems existed in a conventional thermal cracking method which has a long cracking time, a high temperature and poor quality of the coke produced. The invented method converts organic wastes into coke, oil, gas, etc. with a good quality at a mass production and fast process without any secondary pollution. The volatile compositions in the coke are even lower than 5%. Furthermore, the invented device uses the hot air generated by the heating furnace to heat up the reaction furnace and the coke secondary treatment tank, and the pre-heating of the front section of the heating furnace. This can increase the cracking efficiency while reducing the energy consumption. Take an example of treating 2000 kg of waste tire per batch, the cracking process takes only 2.5 to 3.5 hours. This pollution-free (free of secondary pollution) device can effectively process organic wastes while achieving the objective of environmental protection. The regenerated energy meets the spirit of the World Climate Doctrine of the United Nations.
NOVELTY - Device has horizontal collector with air supply pipe and bubbling tubes which are connected to this collector and are blanked off at the ends; these tubes are provided with passages for admitting air to liquid. Each tube has slots made diametrically opposite over its length in horizontal plane where plate insert is located. Peripheral parts of this insert are corrugated. Passages admitting air to liquid are formed by corrugations of said insert and edges of slots whose height is equal to height of corrugations. Corrugations may have different form in section, mainly form of triangle. Corrugations of each insert are located in parallel or in pairs forming passages narrowing in way of slots.    USE - Liquid aeration units; microbiological and other industries.    ADVANTAGE - Increased degree of dispersion of gas-and- liquid mixture; enhanced mass-exchange process between air and liquid. 4 cl, 6 dwg
NOVELTY - A method for manufacture of hydrogen, involves irradiating radiation into water and decomposing water.    USE - Used in electric power industry, chemical manufacturing plant, gas manufacturing industry, motor vehicle industry and in nuclear plant which performs processing of nuclear fuel waste material.    ADVANTAGE - By decomposing water using radiation, various types of container can be used for manufacturing of hydrogen. The decomposing ability of water is increased by the coexistence of metal and hydrogen manufacturing efficiency is improved. The metal can be collected and recycled easily.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system (4) comprises a hydrogen occlusion alloy (10) which supplies hydrogen to the catalytic combustor (8a) when the reformer (2) is warming up.    USE - Heating apparatus for reformer of fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables rapid heating of the reformer of the fuel cell system by effective usage of hydrogen and by enabling quick starting of the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the heating apparatus of reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformer (2)    Fuel cell (4)    Catalytic combustor (8)    Hydrogen supply unit (10)
NOVELTY - A pair of hydrogen occlusion materials emit hydrogen by absorbing heat at two different temperatures. One of the occlusion materials emits hydrogen to other occlusion material during warming-up of fuel modifier (1) and receives hydrogen emitted from the other occlusion material during running mode of fuel modifier.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cells such as solid polymer fuel cell (PEFC) used in electric power unit of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Shortens the warming-up time of the hydrogen supply apparatus, as the two hydrogen occlusion materials emit hydrogen in two different conditions of fuel modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel modifier (1)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage and supply system (1) has raw material and hydrogen storage unit (2), reactor (4) comprising a metal supported catalyst (41) for performing hydrogenation of hydrogen storage component and dehydrogenation of hydrogen supply unit (3), heater, vapor-liquid separator (5), and reaction material recovery unit (8). The heater is a high frequency electromagnetic induction system.    USE - Used for storing and supplying hydrogen for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage and supply system supplies hydrogen stably and efficiently, and is cheap.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen storage and supply system has raw material and hydrogen storage unit, reactor comprising a metal supported catalyst for performing hydrogenation of hydrogen storage component and dehydrogenation of hydrogen supply unit, heater for heating the catalyst, vapor-liquid separator for condensing and separating hydrogen produced from reactor, and reaction material recovery unit for recovering units (2,3). The heater is a high frequency electromagnetic induction system. The unit (2) comprises an aromatic compound and unit (3) comprises a hydrogen derivative of the aromatic compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of hydrogen storage and supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen storage and supply system (1)    Raw material storage unit (2)    Raw material supply unit (3)    Reactor (4)    Vapor-liquid separator (5)    Reaction material recovery unit (8)    Controller (10)    Catalyst (41)
NOVELTY - Carbon content of the liquid organic waste is collected by methane fermentation. The ammonia component in the waste material is removed by ammonia stripping, and is reacted with carbon dioxide generated from fermentation to recover ammonium carbonate and/or ammonium hydrogen carbonate, and organic waste is processed.    USE - For processing liquid organic waste such as human waste, livestock excrement and sludge from purification tank and sewage.    ADVANTAGE - Ammonium carbonate solution having high purity is easily obtained and heat recovery is improved. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the biogas is reduced and the heating value is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing system of liquid organic waste which has methane fermenter, ammonia stripper, and reactor (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing system of liquid organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reactor (4)
NOVELTY - A shift catalyst has an oxide porous substance support with a predetermined substance which weakens force of platinum bonded to carbon monoxide and platinum. The porous substances are titanium dioxide, aluminum trioxide, zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide and cerium dioxide. The shift catalyst accelerates the shift reaction to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide from water and carbon monoxide.    USE - Used for accelerating shift reaction to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide from water and carbon monoxide.    ADVANTAGE - The shift catalyst has improved carbon monoxide reduction rate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of the shift catalyst where oxide porous substance is prepared and then supported on a platinum support, then the predetermined substance which weakens the force platinum bonded to the carbon monoxide is formed on the platinum support; and    (2) a fuel reformer which produces hydrogen from a hydrocarbon group fuel using a modification reaction using the modification catalyst which accelerates the modification reaction of a hydrocarbon group fuel.    The fuel reformer has a shift reaction portion which receives the supply of hydrogen rich gas from the modifier. The shift reaction is performed and carbon dioxide concentration in the hydrogen rich gas is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the result of catalyst performance of the shift catalyst with molybdenum compared with that of catalyst which does not have molybdenum. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Manufacture of carbon monoxide removal catalyst involves supporting a ruthenium component on a titania-alumina carrier and heat processing the supported carrier in presence of water vapor.    USE - Used for manufacturing carbon monoxide removal catalyst for removing carbon monoxide in hydrogen-containing gas used as fuel of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide removal catalyst with improved catalytic activity is produced efficiently. Since the ruthenium component is supported by titania-alumina carrier, the content of halogen is effectively reduced. Carbon monoxide concentration in hydrogen-containing gas used as fuel of fuel cell is reduced sufficiently using the catalyst.
NOVELTY - A metal component chosen from platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, nickel, iron, cobalt, copper, gold and/or silver is supported in a carrier and heat processed in presence of water vapor to form a catalyst.    USE - Used for removing carbon monoxide in hydrogen-containing gas used as fuel in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has improved catalyst activity and contains low amount of halogen. The catalyst selectively oxidizes and removes carbon monoxide from hydrogen-containing gas.
NOVELTY - A reactor comprises 50-5000 reaction tubes arranged in parallel and connected to a common degassing processing apparatus (2) e.g. ultrasonic processing or evacuation processing apparatus. The degassing processing apparatus is upstream of the feed zone of the reaction tube with an internal diameter of 10-10000 microm.    USE - For industrial application.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents generation of air bubbles and improves reaction activity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a synthetic reaction method that comprises supplying a solution containing the reaction substrate to the reaction tube, after degassing of the reaction substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the synthetic reactor.    Degassing processing apparatus (2)
NOVELTY - Compost is manufactured by controlling the fermentation temperature of a wooden material and adding an amount of raw material as a source of nitrogen with respect to the amount of wooden material.    USE - For use in manufacturing compost (claimed) for agricultural and horticultural application.    ADVANTAGE - The compost deactivates the harmful microorganism or weeds.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the plant-culture soil prepared using the compost as raw material.
NOVELTY - Process for improving the cold start behavior of selective carbon monoxide oxidation catalysts in gas purification stages of a gas generating system comprises feeding a medium stream over the oxidation catalyst after switching off the gas generating system to flush out start-delaying components.    USE - In the manufacture of a hydrogen-containing reformate gas for a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Coating of the catalyst is reliably reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The medium stream contains oxygen. The medium stream is fed over the catalyst before the catalyst is cooled. The medium stream is fed around an anode chamber of a fuel cell via a by-pass after it has been fed over the catalyst.
NOVELTY - A sensor (31) detects a power generation requirement of a fuel cell stack (8) which receives vaporized material from a vaporizer (5). A programmable controller calculates the liquid fuel supply amount and prediction temperature of the vaporizer, and controls the amount of supply of liquid fuel such that the prediction temperature does not fall below a predetermined temperature.    USE - For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The programmable controller effectively prevents the temperature of the vaporizer of the fuel cell power plant from falling below the temperature require to vaporize the fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a liquid fuel supply controlling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of the fuel cell power plant.    Vaporizer (5)    Fuel cell stack (8)    Sensor (31)
NOVELTY - A continual process to determines the concentration of carbon monoxide in air, within a confined space holding a bulk charge of a biological mass. In the process, air blows through the bulk charge.    USE - The process is employed to monitor the transport, processing or disposal of organic matter that is at risk of spontaneous combustion especially during composting of organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The process minimizes the risk of fire outbreaks especially in refuse disposal facilities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The quantity or concentration of carbon monoxide emerging from the bulk charge is continually monitored by a sensor and compared with a maximum permissible threshold value.    Should the threshold value be exceeded, the supply of fresh air is terminated. The basic quantity of carbon monoxide is 10 liters/min, and the basic concentration is measured in relation to the incoming air of 1 to 400 ppm. Should the ventilation air be terminated and the concentration of carbon monoxide remain constant at 10 liters/min or increase especially beyond 20 liters/min., or the CO concentration in effluent air exceed 2-800 ppm, the surface of the bulk solid material is covered with a layer of fire-fighting foam. The CO measurements are taken at a number of different sensor stations located in the air inlet and air outlet zones. The bulk solid temperature is monitored by thermal infra-red cameras. The presence of dust is measured and compared with maximum threshold values.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an arrangement for the disposal of organic garden waste.    Waste mixing (1)    Receiving station (2)    Conveyer belt (3, 5, 7,12, 17, 19, 20)    Sieve drum (4)    Magnetic separator (6)    Organic materials insertion (8)    Tunnel reactor (9, 10, 11)    Crusher/shredder (13)    Discharge (16)    Sieve drum (18)    CO sensor (21-26, 27, 30, 31)    Effluent air (28, 34)    Exhaust ventilator (29)
NOVELTY - Device for dosing of a fluid medium into a component has one or more pumps and a dosing pipeline between the pump and the component. Within the pipeline or the component, temperatures above the boiling point of the medium may occur and a pressure release valve (12) is accordingly placed in the dosing line (5) which opens into a overflow pipeline (13) above a certain pressure.    USE - Dosing of water or hydrocarbon containing medium into a partial oxidation stage (POX) in a gas generation system of a motor vehicle fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of a pressure relief valve ensures the plant works more reliably and homogeneously and therefore has a longer service life.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematically the partial oxidation step of the gas generation step of a motor vehicle fuel cell.    Pump (3)    Dosing pipeline (5)    Partial oxidation stage (2)    Pressure relief valve (12)    Overflow line (13)
NOVELTY - Regulation of the generation of methane gas in a multi-stage process, involves raising or lowering one of the variable regulating settings in relation to an optimization target parameter.    USE - Process to regulate the generation of methane.    ADVANTAGE - The process maximizes methane yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An increase in the variable regulating setting is taken in pre-determined uniform increases of one unit. The change is taken despite the absolute value e.g. comparison of actual value with target value. The change is made in response to a tendency detected in the optimization-target parameter. The tendency is an increase or decrease in an optimization-target parameter over a given time lapse. The process takes place in two reactors (1, 2). The variable setting is the speed of the output pumps (P1, P2), or the reactor heaters (21, 22), or the oxygen feed (14) to the first-stage. The first process is hydrolysis, and the second stage is methane generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the principle of operation.    First reactor (1)    second reactor (2)    feed container (3)    pipe (4)    return pipe (5)    pipe (6)    return pipe (7)    inlet pipe (8)    settlement basin (9)    gas outlet (10)    first filter (11)    second filter (12)    valve (13)    air feed pipe (14)    air bleed (15)    sludge (16)    first heater (21)    second heater (22)    first pump (P1)    second pump (P2)
NOVELTY - A fermented organic amino acid fertilizer contains agricultural amino acid powder containing K (5-15%), fermented organic substance prepared from mud, animal's droppings, beer dregs, plant cake and peat (60-80%), and inorganic fertilizer contains trace elements (15-40%). Its advantages are high utilization rate, high effect on improving soil and quality of crops and low cost.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to disposable tableware and food package as well as feed and fertilizer. The said product consists of fermented waste residual resulted from wine production, sauce production and antibiotic production and adhesive as well as additive, and is produced through thermopressing, painting waterproof paint on its outer surface and sealing disinfection. After once use, the product is re-used as fertilizer or feed. It has simple production process, low cost and no pollution owing to natural degradation.
NOVELTY - An arrangement in a solid-state polymer type fuel cell stack employing a latent heat cooling system for supplying water to a number fuel gas channels (11) formed on one plate face of each separator (5A) and are substantially linear in the vertical direction, comprising a water manifold (17) penetrating each separator, a water supply passage (18) provided in the horizontal direction on a plane where an oxidizing agent gas channel (19) is formed while being branched from the water manifold, and a hole (14) interconnecting the water supply passage and the fuel gas channels, made in a fuel gas channel introducing section (15) in the horizontal direction, and provided above the lowest part of the water manifold in the vertical direction. According to the arrangement, power can be generated stably without being affected by the installation angle of stack or vibration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - separator (5A)    number fuel gas channels (11)    hole (14)    fuel gas channel introducing section (15)    water manifold (17)    water supply passage (18)    oxidizing agent gas channel (19)
NOVELTY - A monolithic substrate (202) defining a fuel channel and an oxidant channel, has an electrolyte layer which separates the channels and metal interconnect layer.    USE - For powering internal combustion engine in vehicles, machinery and equipment.    ADVANTAGE - As the substrate is monolithic in configuration and is made of different materials i.e. metal and electrolyte materials, the manufacturing process used to create a hybrid fuel cell structure is greatly simplified and the cost of the fuel cell is greatly reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic perspective view of a rear end of the solid oxide fuel cell.    Monolithic substrate (202)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell type reaction device for subjecting to an oxidation reaction a system including a substrate, a reducing substance and an oxidizing substance, electrodes consisting of active substances and being ion or active species conductive. The interior of the casing consists of three chambers: an anode chamber, an intermediate chamber and a cathode chamber.    USE - For fuel cells and producing compounds.    ADVANTAGE - None given.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell type reaction device for subjecting to an oxidation reaction a system including a substrate, a reducing substance and an oxidizing substance, comprising a casing, an anode (4) and cathode (5) each consisting of an electrode active substance and being ion or active species conductive. The interior of the casing consists of an anode chamber (1), an intermediate chamber (2) and a cathode chamber (3). The intermediate chamber has an entrance (8) for an electrolyte solution and a substrate, the anode chamber has an entrance (6) for a reducing substance, and the cathode chamber has an entrance (7) for an oxidizing substance.    And INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for various useful compounds produced by using the above fuel cell type reaction device to subject to an oxidation reaction a system including a substrate, a reducing substance and an oxidizing substance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Fig. 1 represents a diagram of the fuel cell    1 = Anode chamber;    2 = Intermediate chamber;    3 = Cathode chamber;    4 = Anode;    5 = Cathode;    6 = Entrance for reducing substance;    7 = Entrance for oxidizing substance; and    8 = Entrance for an electrolyte solution.
NOVELTY - An aqueous suspension of biological preparation is prepared with a concentration of 0.5 - 10.0 g/l and a biological titer between 1 x 10E8 and 1 x 10E12 col/ml. Oil-oxidizing microorganisms are activated by bubbling suspension for 1.5 - 2.5 hr with air, at 3 - 5 cu.m air per 1 cu.m suspension. The following consortium of oil-oxidizing microorganisms is used: Pseudomonas putida PI Ko-1, Pseudomonas fluorescens PI- 896, Micrococcus sp. PI Ku-1, Burkholderia caryophylli Jap-3, Serratia odorifera Jap-1, 3-12 wt.% each. Preparation suspension is introduced into ground simultaneously with Rizotorfin (RTM) used in amounts of 30 - 120 g/sq.m.    USE - The suspension is used for oil pollution elimination, with an oil-oxidizing bacteria-based controller for oil impurities in ground, especially for oil impurities with high concentration of high-condensed aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of heavy metal salts.    ADVANTAGE - The suspension allows accelerated elimination of oil impurities.
NOVELTY - Separator (36) supplies heating gas and oxidation gas to the formation area of the catalyst electrodes (32,33) as an electrolyte film (31).    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables obtaining desired electric power. Reduces the dimension of the separator. Achieves size reduction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for gas supply method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline structure of the fuel cell.    Electrolyte film (31)    Catalyst electrodes (32,33)    Separator (36)
NOVELTY - The separator (10) has a metal plate (1) and a molybdenum nitriding layer as outermost layer.    USE - For solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The separator has excellent cell voltage-current-density property, sulfuric acid resistance and electroconductivity. The metal separator is inexpensively manufactured. Generation of defects such as pinholes is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The metal plate is a molybdenum board.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of separator for fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the metal separator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Metal plate (1)    Separator (10)
NOVELTY - The separator has a magnetic material, and ensures the electric connection between cells. The separator supplies heating gas and an oxidizing agent gas to the anode and cathode after separation.    USE - For fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The separator provides excellent gas impermeability and thermal conductivity to the fuel cell. High electroconductivity is ensured as the magnetic material is dispersed in the carbon matrix. The separator has excellent corrosion resistance and durability. The fuel cell has high current density. The separator enables production of a fuel cell with small number of cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The magnetic material is a rare earth magnetic powder dispersed into the carbon matrix. The magnetic powder is rare earth magnet powder for bond magnets of samarium-iron-nitrogen group, neodymium-iron-boron group or sintered-magnet powder of neodymium-iron-boron group.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the profile of the manufacturing apparatus of the magnetic powder for samarium iron nitrogen group bond magnets. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The fuel cell with a double-pipe structure includes an inner pipe (22) for supplying gas to the internal space. Manifolds (15,16) for fuels and oxidizing agent are provided to outer tubes (21). Connecting pipes (13,14) connect a surrounding wall (23) of the inner tube through the outer tubes. The wall comprises of porous material with several micropores which pass gas.    USE - Manifold structure of flat-plate laminated fuel cell for electric power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Enables uniform gas supply to each separator. Strength and property is maintained even if inner-pipe is of porous material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the manifold structure.    Connecting pipes (13,14)    Manifolds (15,16)    Outer tube (21)    Inner pipe (22)    Surrounding wall (23)
NOVELTY - A porous metal plate (32) is coiled around a pre-heating pipe (31) which pre-heats the gas that flows through gas feed pipe (30).    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Heat exchange efficiency of the pre-heating pipe is increased efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective and sectional drawing of the porous metal plate.    Gas feed pipe (30)    Pre-heating pipe (31)    Porous metal pipe (32)
NOVELTY - A modification reaction unit (3) produces reformed gas and guides the heating gas through a flow path to a combustor (8). The flow path comprises of channels through which the heating gas is channeled within the modification reaction unit.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Since the flow of heating gas is channeled within modification reaction device, the degree of catalyst temperature is reduced by modification reaction and the heat absorption. Increase in amount of carbon monoxide during reverse shift of reformed gas, is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the profile view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification reaction device (3)    Combustor (8)
NOVELTY - Two fuel exhaust nozzles (16,17) arranged one inside other, are connected to a burner (8). The nozzle (16) ejects fuel supplied from a feed zone (5) and the nozzle (17) ejects unused hydrogen gas received from the other nozzle.    USE - For hydrogen utilization apparatus such as fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel exhaust nozzles arranged one inside other, maintain sharp composition of fuel and air, thereby realizing reliable and highly stable flame formation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the components arrangement in the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Feed zone (5)    Burner (8)    Fuel exhaust nozzles (16,17)
NOVELTY - A modifier modifies the reaction between the evaporated methanol and water which are contacted with a catalyst, using a hydrogen occlusion material. A separator has a membrane, made of palladium or its alloy, for separating the hydrogen from the reaction formation gas after occlusion.    USE - For petroleum refining industry, desulfurization, chemical industry, hydrogenation, etc., and in electronics and, foodstuffs industries, for fuel cells, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen of high purity is obtained efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above hydrogen production equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A pair of heat recovery devices (40,43) are used to heat the input hydrocarbon gas using the hot gas drained from the modifier (31), and an oxidizing agent for combustion using combustion exhaust gas from a combustor (36), respectively.    USE - For fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Increases thermal efficiency of the reformer, by using the heat recovered from the exhaust gases. Hence, it reduces the energy required for manufacturing hydrogen in the reformer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block diagram of the above fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (31)    Combustor (36)    Heat recovery devices (40,43)
NOVELTY - The outer cylinder (11) has a flow path (11a) to circulate liquid towards a heater such that the cross section of path varies gradually. The path area orthogonal to the liquid circulation direction is tapered more than that of path in downstream side.    USE - For gasifying methanol and gasoline used in fuel cell based electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses outflow of liquid from downstream of flow path without enlarging path length, thereby installation space is reduced. Improves heating gas flow rate due to varying cross section of flow path.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell based electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block of a fuel cell based electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Outer cylinder (11)    Flow path (11a)
NOVELTY - A detector detects the start-up of operation of a reformation unit and an evaporator. A water supply unit supplies water to upstream of the reformation unit when detecting start-up of the reformation unit operation, and stops when detecting starting of evaporator operation.    USE - For use in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - By performing a partial oxidation reaction and water vapor modification reaction in reformation unit, excess temperature rise of catalyst combustion and ejection of unburnt components from reformation unit are prevented.
NOVELTY - Methane fermentation by decomposing organic waste with anaerobic microbe group in which the growing condition of the sulfate reducing microbe in the fermentation vessel is monitored and the operation of methane fermentation is controlled by using the monitored result as the index, is new.    USE - The method is used for methane fermentation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a methane fermentation apparatus containing a methane fermentation vessel having microbe group decomposing organic waste.
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide removal catalyst, with halogen content of less than 0.2 wt.%, comprises ruthenium component carried on titania-alumina carrier and has a carbon monoxide adsorption amount of at least 10 micromol/g.    USE - Used for selective removal of carbon monoxide from hydrogen-containing gas used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst effectively and selectively removes carbon monoxide and can elude corrosion of manufacturing apparatus e.g. pipelines. Degradation of catalyst is prevented.
NOVELTY - Fermenter for organic substance, where several ventilation holes (22) are formed in the surrounding wall of the diffusion tubes (12) arranged at preset intervals in fermenter, is new. Each tube has a pair of blast pipes (16) whose poke ends (14) are positioned at different places, so that air is supplied uniformly to the organic substance deposited around the tube.    USE - For organic substance of livestock excrements etc.    ADVANTAGE - Performs reliable fermentation and decomposition of the organic substance by distributing air uniformly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fermentation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the block diagram of a fermenter.    Diffusion tubes (12)    Poke ends (14)    Blast pipes (16)    Ventilation hole (22).
NOVELTY - The fuel cell is constructed with two anodic compartments supplied from a common hydrogen supply line and three way valve. The output from each compartment is connected to the input of the other compartment through separators to eliminate water and valves. The valves are opened and closed when the pressure difference between compartments exceeds or falls below reference values    USE - To purge water from the hydrogen circuit of a fuel cell    ADVANTAGE - Gases present in the hydrogen circuit are efficiently mixed and water is evacuated by simple mechanical means    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for: An installation which uses a fuel cell with two anodic compartments to produce energy
NOVELTY - A mixing and shredding trough (100) for agricultural organic residues has two parallel sidewalls (11.1; 11.2), converging downwards into a central base channel (2). The trough has rotating helical cutter blades at each side (4.1; 4.2). The trough has a rotating hacker blade (3) shaft (5) with an outer diameter 50-120 cm. One or both of the sidewalls is fitted with a supplementary cutting element (10).    USE - Used as a shredding and dosing assembly for compost and natural fertilizer, e.g. straw and poultry droppings prior to use in biogas fermentation process.    ADVANTAGE - The hacking blades minimize the risk of prior art blockage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The horizontal supplementary cutting element (10) is positioned above the hacker blade shaft (5) axis of rotation (A). The notional outer cylinder defined by the hacker blade extremity of rotation defines the position of the supplementary cutting element, from which it is separated by a gap of 0.8-1.6 cm. The base channel (2) is an interchangeable concave panel of perforated sheet metal over a worm conveyer (30) for finely shredded organic substances.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric view of the cutters in the shredding trough.    Base channel (2)    Hacking blades (3)    Worm cutter (4.1; 4.2)    Shaft (5)    Perforated sheet metal gully (8)    Worm conveyer (30)    Side walls (11.1; 11.2)    End-walls (11.3; 11.4)    Shredding trough (100)
NOVELTY - An adhesion laminate has a fluorine resin layer and a thermoplastic resin layer. The fluorine resin layer contains fluororesin containing 60 mol% or more vinylidene fluoride (VDF). The thermoplastic resin contains 4x10 power -5 g eq/g of end amino groups.    USE - For fuel hose (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The adhesion laminate has excellent fuel barrier property, flexibility, weather resistance, wear resistance, oil resistance and adhesion property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel hose having above adhesion laminate so that fluorine resin layer is made into inner layer of fuel hose.
NOVELTY - Process for the preparation of a catalyst comprises activating a catalyst precursor comprising a cobalt compound and a support, with a gas comprising 5 mol.% of hydrocarbon to form a catalyst.    USE - For partial oxidation of hydrocarbon such as methane to synthesis gas and also for Fischer-Tropsch reaction for preparing mixture of hydrocarbons (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is stable over time and does not suffer a decrease in activity. The catalyst is inexpensive. The catalyst prevents the promotion of carbon deposition even after 1000 hours of use.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Use of catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch reaction and partial oxidation of hydrocarbon;    (2) Partial oxidation of hydrocarbon which involves passing hydrocarbon and oxygen over the catalyst; and    (3) Preparation of mixture of hydrocarbons by Fischer-Tropsch reaction which involves passing mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen over the catalyst.
NOVELTY - Hydrogenation formation apparatus has a reforming part for producing hydrogen gas which has a reforming catalyst for reacting raw materials and water, a raw material supply part for supplying raw material to the reforming part and a water supply part for supplying water to the reforming part. The reforming catalyst is a supported body composed by platinum and a metal oxide.    USE - The apparatus forms hydrogen gas by reforming hydrocarbon fuels.    ADVANTAGE - The sulfur resistance of the hydrogen formation device is improved. Long term use of the device is possible.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) a fuel cell system having a hydrogen formation device and a fuel cell which operates with a supply of hydrogen gas;    (2) a control system of a hydrogen formation device which controls the supply amount of raw materials, water and oxidizing gas where the amount of oxidizing gas supplied to the reforming catalyst is estimated based on the sulfur component amount contained in the raw materials;    (3) a program for a computer as all or part of the supply amount control part; and    (4) a medium on which the program is carried which is processable by the computer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 is a hydrogen formation device. (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Reforming Section (1)    Heating Section (2)    Materials Supply Section (4)    Water Supply Section (5)    Carbon Monoxide Removal Section (6)
NOVELTY - Developing a highly absorbent porous sulpha sponge iron compound whose adsorbent capacity may be renewed or controlled to the desired level by repeated processing.    USE - For desulfurizing natural gas, and scavenging sulfur containing contaminants (claimed) and hydrogen sulfide produced in situ during oil well drilling and sewage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The adsorbent capacity (greater than 2500 ppm) of the highly adsorbent porous sulfa sponge iron compound can be renewed or controlled to the desired level by repeated processing. The compound enables to effectively desulfurize natural gas at lower temperature, hence cracking of natural gas can be avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A porous sulfa sponge iron compound is derived from hematite comprising (in %) silicon dioxide (3.28), alumina (3.74), ferric oxide (92.4), calcium oxide (0.42), magnesium oxide (0.19), phosphorus pentoxide (0.08), sulfur trioxide (0.04), chlorine (0.0001) and manganese oxide (0.14), and trace amounts of gold, silver and platinum. The sulfa sponge iron compound is formed by dissolving the hematite in concentrated hydrochloric acid, and treating acidic solution with alcoholic ammonia and glacial acetic acid. The iron compound has several Fe2/Fe3 cores forming interstitially stabilized clusters.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) production of porous sulfa sponge iron which involves magnetically separating hematite, dissolving separated hematite in hydrochloric acid, concentrating and treating acidic solution with ammonium hydroxide, depositing precipitate obtained on hematite, drying and powdering the same;    (2) desulfurizing natural gas which involves adsorbing sulfur containing contaminants in the porous sulfa sponge iron compound at the drilling site or by passing natural gas through a bed of porous sulfa sponge iron compound; and    (3) use of sulfa sponge iron compound for scavenging sulfur containing contaminants.
NOVELTY - A porous hydrophobic conduit (252) has an inlet end (254) for receiving anodic effluent. An outlet end (256) coupled to the conduit has a passage (260) for creating backpressure within the effluent to allow carbon dioxide gas of the effluent to be driven through porous openings of conduit, while unreacted fuel and water mixture exists for recirculation.    USE - Flow through gas separator assembly for direct oxidation fuel cell system used in smaller mobile devices such as mobile phone, handheld and laptop computers as well as in larger applications.    ADVANTAGE - Allows for effective separation of anodically separated CO2 so that it can be used for other purposes within the cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of separating carbon dioxide from anode effluent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the gas separation apparatus.    Hydrophobic conduit (252)    Inlet end (254)    Outlet end (256)    Passage (260)
NOVELTY - A sulfur containing hydrocarbons and steam is mixed to form a reformate which is passed over a sulfur absorber. The carbon monoxide content in the reformate is reduced. The sulfur components absorbed optionally by the catalysts are desorbed by increasing the temperature and by passing the catalysts over the absorber, so that the temperature of the absorber is always kept at optimum level during operation.    USE - Low sulfur reformate gas generation method in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces sulfur content of reformate gas to protect sensitive components such as anode catalyst, low shift catalyst and gas separation membrane from harmful sulfur components. Prevents reaching of sulfur components in fuel cells even during variable operating conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the functional block diagram of low sulfur reformate gas generation system.
NOVELTY - An vehicle engine comprises an electrolysis device that can break up water molecules into hydrogen and water. Hydrogen is used as the main fuel.    USE - As an auto engine.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows excess water to flow out to the ground, and reduces operational cost. Water is available at a reduced cost. It totally eliminates automobile pollutants that can be hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide that can deplete our ozone layer. By using water molecule which is hydrogen, automobiles could be powered and by recycling the end product, water is obtained. Recycled water does not permit constant addition of water in the tank. The vehicle produces its combustible hydrogen so constant fueling is eliminated. Fire risk is reduced as water stations and transporting water has less or no risk. Reduced weight due to re-cycling of water, bulky tanks, may not be necessary. If hydrogen tank is full before the electrolysis device malfunctions, car would be running for days allowing the operator time for maintenance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show hydrogen flows through a non-return valve to a hydrogen tank and pump.
NOVELTY - A switch (62) is connected to anode gas supply (60) which supplies anode gas required for reaction of fuel cell (80). A sensor (66) connected with the switch, detects the pressure of discharged anode gas. Anode gas recirculation is formed by connecting humidifier (70) between anode gas input (82) and anode gas output (84). A regulating device (64) is connected between the switch and anode gas input.    USE - E.g. hydrogen recirculation system in proton exchange membrane fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Overall efficiency of electrical power generation for fuel cell is increased as electrical energy required for running the anode stream recirculation system is less. Simplifies the manufacturing process by improving the design of humidifier, hence attains cost reduction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of gas supply fuel cell.    Anode gas supply (60)    Switch (62)    Regulating device (64)    Sensor (66)    Humidifier (70)    Fuel cell (80)    Anode gas input (82)    Anode gas output (84)
NOVELTY - Gas separation membrane for separating hydrogen from gas stream comprises a transmission member including a porous body of metal particles compacted and bonded, with a chemisorption-dissociation-diffusion coating. The coating is formed on the surface with the lowest porosity.    USE - For separation of hydrogen from gas stream.    ADVANTAGE - The novel metallic membrane has improved selectivity for hydrogen, thus producing a higher purity gas, and improved stability at elevated temperatures, relative to current polymeric membranes. Further, it has improved toughness in use relative to inorganic membranes. The use of a catalytic material increased decomposition of ammonia, and thus increases hydrogen concentration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Gas separation membrane for separating hydrogen from gas stream (8) comprises a transmission member including a porous body of metal particles (12) compacted and bonded, with a chemisorption-dissociation-diffusion coating (16). The body has two opposing surfaces, from one (20) of which the porosity increases to the other (24). The metal particles comprise fibers and/or powder. The coating is formed on the surface with the lowest porosity. The membrane receives the gas stream against either of the surfaces, and permeates an amount of hydrogen (26).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of separating hydrogen gas from a gas stream using the above membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a gas separation membrane as above.    gas stream (8)    metal particles (12)    coating (16)    surface (20,24)    permeate stream (26)
NOVELTY - Bioreactor includes vessel with packing located in its working zone with secured microorganisms whose metabolism provides for destruction of organoiron and other complex compounds. Packing is made in the form of roll from caprone thread net (deli) and bulk net presenting double Archimedean spiral in cross-section with lead equaling thickness of nets. Roll is installed in body for rotation round vertical axis and provided with impeller secured to roll lower part at level of supply of treated water longitudinally connected with body conical part.    USE - Water supply, particularly, purification of natural waters containing dissolved organoiron compounds or other complexoorganic compounds determining higher water cooler.    ADVANTAGE - Improved operating characteristics and treatment efficiency of natural waters containing complexoorganic forms of metals, particularly, iron and manganese. 2 dwg
NOVELTY - Method involves providing biological action upon sawdust by surface solid phase cultivation of lignolic fungus for 2.5-3 days at temperature of 24-26 degreesC; drying; forming mat by cold pressing and hot pressing.    USE - Construction materials.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency and reduced time for manufacture of ligno-carbohydrate wood plastics. 1 tbl, 1 ex
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas (2) is initially added to a hydrocarbon flow to reduce the amount of high molecular weight products formed during heating and then further hydrogen gas (5) is added after heating in order to bring about hydroconversion.    USE - Used for refineries used to convert synthesis gas into a fuel via a Fischer-Tropsch reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Fouling of the heaters used to heat the hydroconversion feed flow is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydroconversion for a flow of hydrocarbons (1) from a Fischer-Tropsch reactor containing oxidized and unsaturated hydrocarbons comprises:    (a) adding a first hydrogen gas to the hydrocarbon flow in an amount sufficient to reduce the amount of products with a high molecular weight formed during heating, in comparison with a heated hydrocarbon flow without added hydrogen, in order to form a mixed flow (3);    (b) heating the mixed flow;    (c) adding a second hydrogen gas to the heated mixed flow (4) in an amount sufficient to bring about hydroconversion, in order to form a hydroconversion feed flow (6);    (d) heating the hydroconversion feed flow to the reaction temperature; and    (e) carrying out hydroconversion of the feed flow.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram representing the process.    Low b. pt. fraction from Fischer-Tropsch reactor (1)    Hydrogen gas (2)    Mixed low b. pt. fraction/hydrogen flow (3)    Heated mixed flow (4)    Hydrogen gas (5)    Hydroconversion feed flow (6)    Heated feed flow (7)    Hydroconversion reaction product (8)    Reactor effluent (9)    Heat exchanger (10)    Heating medium (11)    Reagent feed (12)    Reactor feed/effluent heat exchanger (20)    Oven (30)    Hydroconversion reactor (40)
NOVELTY - A night soil drying apparatus using gas generated from night soil of livestock is provided to forcibly ferment and dry the night soil in a short time while reducing a cost required to operate a boiler.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The night soil drying apparatus using gas generated from night soil of livestock consists of a night soil storage part(a) generating gas from the stored night soil; a gas extracting and storing part(b); and a night soil drying part(c) for fermenting and drying the night soil by using gas supplied from the gas extracting and storing part, thereby a boiler of the apparatus can be actuated by the generated gas.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for supplying a growth agent is provided, thereby nutrients are automatically supplied to facilitate the growth of microorganisms and consequently to absorb organic materials while disposing various organic wastes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus for supplying a growth agent comprises: an aeration tank (700) which transfers waste water from a dissolved air flotation tank (600) to a sedimentation tank (800) where undegradable oils, and COD and BOD (undefined) can be treated; the sedimentation tank (800) which precipitates the solid content of the waste water; a transportation pump (30) which transports the precipitated sludge; a ware box (10) which checks the amount and status of the transferred sludge; an urea-supplying device; an ammonium phosphate-supplying device; a first zone pH meter (20) which detects the hydrogen concentration of the inlet of the aeration tank (700); an eighth zone pH meter which detects the hydrogen concentration of the outlet of the aeration tank (700); a pH meter-controlling apparatus which converts pH values from pH meters into current signals; a calculator which calculates the current difference between two current signals; and an AC inverter which operates motors using the output current from the calculator.
NOVELTY - A non-toxic microbe fertilizer using microbes and humic acid is provided to improve soil, help growth of plants, enhance immunity to disease and increase yields.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The microbe fertilizer is prepared by mixing culture solution or culture power of microbes with humic acid solution or humic acid powder. The humic acid powder is obtained by the following steps of:    (i) preparing primary humic acid powder(250-360mesh) by mixing humus materials from humus, peat and waste food with strong alkali solution more than pH 12 selected from NaOH, KOH and CaCl2 in a weight ratio of 30 : 70, precipitating over 24hrs., filtering, and drying; and    (ii) preparing secondary humic acid powder by adding HCl or HNO3 to the filtrate to be pH 1-2, filtering and drying.    The humic acid solution is obtained by mixing the filtrate from secondary filtering with water to be pH 8-9. The culture solution of microbes is obtained by centrifuging a badge microbes, such as cellulomonas, bacillus, streptomyces, etc., are cultured, and the culture powder is obtained by mixing microbes with SiO2, poly acryl, zeolite, elvan or clay in a volume ratio of 30:70. The fertilizer is produced by mixing a solution having a weight ratio liquid humic acid : nitrogen : phosphate : alkali of 75 : 4-6 : 6-4 : 2-4 with a culture fluid in a weight ratio of 90-98 : 10-2 or mixing primary humic acid powder, secondary humic acid powder, and culture powder in a weight ratio of 62-70 : 30-20 : 8-10.
NOVELTY - A circulation control valve (8) which controls the fuel gas pressure in a fuel cell stack (1), is closed such that heating gas supplied by a heating-gas supply apparatus (2) is sealed in predetermined charging pressure. The generated output is extracted through a controller (21), from the fuel cell stack.    USE - For electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since the circulation control valve is provided, wastage of electric power is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell stack (1)    Heating-gas supply apparatus (2)    Circulation control valve (8)    Controller (21)
NOVELTY - A reformer (43) reforms the fuel, to form a reformation fuel gas containing hydrogen. A hydrogen separator (45) separates the hydrogen content from the gas, and supplies it to the upstream side of the combustion chamber or to the upstream side of exhaust treatment catalyst depending on the engine state.    USE - For vehicle engine.    ADVANTAGE - Stabilizes combustion and prevents misfire that leads to harmful exhaust gas. Raises activity of exhaust catalyst and improves NOx purification efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above engine system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformer (43)    Hydrogen separator (45)
NOVELTY - The combustion product of a hydrocarbon fuel is used as an oxidizing agent, to produce a gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane.    USE - Used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Improves energy efficiency and achieves size reduction, by using the combustion product of hydrocarbon fuel as an oxidizing agent. Suppresses generation of soot, without introducing additional water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the above fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A heating medium route (2) is on the exterior of a hydrogen occlusion tank (1) containing a hydrogen occlusion alloy (1d). A heat exchange fin (1b) is on the lower side of the flow direction of the heating medium, so that the heating surface of hydrogen occlusion alloy and the heating medium is larger at the lower part of the tank.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Uniform heat exchange is performed efficiently throughout the hydrogen occlusion tank, with respect to the flow of heating medium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above hydrogen storage and supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen occlusion tank (1)    Heat exchange fin (1b)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy (1d)    Heating medium route (2)
NOVELTY - A container (1) for transportation of hydrogen comprises a tank (11) with a horizontal cylindrical casing (12) that includes a spiral element (14). A fine powder of hydrogen occlusion alloy (15) is packed into the space between the spiral element and the casing. A thermosensor (19) and a pressure sensor (20) respectively detect the temperature and pressure of hydrogen in the casing.    USE - For transporting hydrogen, for as fuel for fuel cell motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient filling of hydrogen in a container, and the hydrogen occlusion alloy fine powder is tightly packed by rotating the spiral element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire block diagram of the above container for transportation of hydrogen.    Container (1)    Tank (11)    Horizontal cylindrical casing (12)    Spiral element (14)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy (15)    Thermosensor (19)    Pressure sensor (20)
NOVELTY - The chemical potential of hydrogen is changed from adsorption potential of carbon material into unstable condition for occlusion of hydrogen.    USE - For fuel cell for power source used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The cost of the gas occlusion device is reduced by using the carbon material of lightweight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Gas occlusion discharging method; and    (2) Fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the relative position of chemical potential of hydrogen and adsorption potential of carbon material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The equipment stores hydrogen by press-fitting with an aromatic hydrocarbon. The hydrogen is formed by electrolysis of water.    USE - For producing fuel, used in fuel cell of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The electrical power is stored, without performing a large scale engineering works, and is subsequently used to produce fuel. Since hydrogen gas is produced at low temperature from gasoline or natural gas, the size of fuel cell of motor vehicle is reduced. The fuel enables an improvement in the mileage of the vehicle, and thus the fuel cost is reduced.
NOVELTY - New microorganism (I) including a dioxin decomposition gene, has the property of naturally transferring the dioxin degradation enzyme to another microorganism.    USE - Used for decomposing dioxin in pollutant such as soil, waste-water, or underground water by adding (I) to the microorganism containing material to transfer the dioxin degradation enzyme property to the microorganism, propagating the property and contacting the pollutant with the microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - (I) Efficiently transfers the dioxin degradation enzyme property to another microorganism which broadly removes dioxin from the environment and makes the environment more safe.
NOVELTY - Livestock excretions (1) are methane-fermented by direct-heating or diluting. The heat-processed excretions are subjected to solid-liquid separation into supernatant and residue. The supernatant is subjected to methane fermentation after carrying out souring process.    USE - For processing livestock excretions such as cattle feces and pig feces.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to process livestock excretion with less energy and efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a methane fermentation equipment for processing livestock excretions, which comprises a thermal treatment equipment (15) for heating excretion, solid-liquid separator for separating supernatant liquid and residue, an acid fermenter (18) for performing souring process of supernatant and a methane fermentation tank for carrying out fermentation of supernatant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flowchart of methane fermentation processing of livestock excretion.    Excretion (1)    Thermal treatment equipment (15)    Heat processing sludge sedimentation basin (16)    Heat processing supernatant liquid (17)    Acid fermenter (18)    Acid fermented liquor (19)    Reactor (20)    Treated Water (21)    Treated water sedimentation basin (22)    Process water content syneresis (23)    Granule sludge (24)    Dehydrater (26)    Dehydration filtrate (27)
NOVELTY - A methanol reforming catalyst consists of pacified copper and zinc oxide and/or aluminium oxide. The catalyst is produced by precipitating or spray drying a mixture of catalyst precursor components which are dissolved in a solvent or in sludge form, to form a powder or granulate. The solid catalyst precursor is then calcined and reduced. The reduced material is pacified and then formed into layers, pellets, tablets, etc. precipitation occurs using an alkali carbonate or hydroxide solution, with a pH of 5-12 and a temperature of 20-100degreesC. The methanol and water are converted at 0.5-10 bar and at 150-450degreesC.    USE - The process is used to produce a methanol reforming catalyst.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst strength is improved and its volume is reduced.
NOVELTY - Each fuel cell element (15) has a pair of electrode elements (20,30) separated by an electrolyte material (40). Oxygen and hydrogen gases (6,7) are supplied to corresponding electrodes through passage ways (51,52) respectively. Electrode interconnectors (22,32) interconnect corresponding electrode elements of each fuel cell element to form fuel cell electrodes which are connected to electrical load (8).    USE - For generating electric power for cellular telephones, pagers and lap top computers, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reducing size of fuel cell array, hence the fuel cell is suitable for portable electronic device and improves the power to weight ratio of micro fuel cell array.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for micro fuel cell array manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of the micro fuel cell array.    Oxygen gas (6)    Hydrogen gas (7)    Electrical load (8)    Fuel cell element (15)    Electrode elements (20,30)    Electrode interconnectors (22,32)    Electrolyte material (40)    Passage ways (51,52)
NOVELTY - Process waste from abalone food processing operations is used as a source for protein and other natural products.    USE - As source for protein and other natural products e.g. hemocyanine isolated from blood, and collagen-based products derived from meat or muscle tissue pieces. The protein products from abalone processed waste are used as a substitute for existing products isolated from land animals such as collagen and gelatin.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables processing of abalone for food on an industrial scale, without dumping, polluting environment or emitting offensive odor. The abalone waste material is processed effectively, recovered and valuable by-products such as collagen are obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) processing abalone by separating intact abalone muscle tissue from process waste, processing intact muscle tissue for food, and isolating protein or other natural products from the process waste;    (2) hemocyanin isolated from the abalone process waste; and    (3) a collagen-based product derived from the abalone process waste.
NOVELTY - Producing a solid fuel from biomass, comprising preparing biomass from stems of a perennial plant which is Sida hermaphrodita Rusby, chopping the stems into 20-100 mm long pieces, and further chopping to obtain an average ratio of length to thickness of 40-80 and including pieces longer than 10 mm from 2-20 %, while pieces smaller than 0.25 mm should constitute 5-15 %, is new.    USE - For the production of a solid fuel from biomass. The produced solid fuel is mostly used in boiler-rooms for heating up hot-houses or for house fire-places; or used for heating houses and hothouses for boiler-rooms and fire-places.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method ensures stable production conditions. It produces a solid fuel having a chemical composition and a heating efficiency similar to a birch wood. It can satisfactorily substitute coal or wood. The chemical composition of the raw material used in the production allows for low emission of harmful combustion by-products, e.g. sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. There is no danger of emission of harmful by-products of resins and synthetic adhesives combustion which occurs when furniture or briquettes are made from composite board waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Producing a solid fuel from biomass, comprising:    (a) preparing the biomass from stems of a perennial plant which is Sida hermaphrodita Rusby;    (b) chopping the stems into 20-100, preferably 50 mm long pieces; and    (c) further chopping to obtain an average ratio of length to thickness of 40-80, preferably 60 and including pieces longer than 10 mm from 2-20, preferably 10 %, while pieces smaller than 0.25 mm should constitute 5-15, preferably 10 %.    The solid fuel is formed into briquettes having a density of 400-1500 g/dm3.
NOVELTY - A water permeable membrane that is made of organic or inorganic polymer and impervious to organic materials such as glycol is provided between the humidification fluid flow path and fuel and air supply passage of a humidifier (24).    USE - Proton electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell system for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The use of water permeable membrane allows mixture of water and glycol to be used as a coolant, hence the need for pure water channels in the system is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for system for cooling and humidifying proton electrolyte membrane fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the fuel cell system with humidity controller.    Humidifier (24)
NOVELTY - A predetermined area of the inner surface of a horizontal pipe structure of an oxidizing gas passage (4), is subjected to a hydrophilic process in advance. A rotatable valve is provided in the pipe structure for rotation around a shaft arranged in a cross-sectional direction of the pipe structure.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the contact angle between the surface of the pipe structure and the tangential plane of a water drop as the surface tension of each water drop is decreased, prevents blocking of valve due to formation of frozen water drops, allows optimum flow rate control and restarting of fuel cell even during low temperatures and allows a simple and low cost fuel cell structure, by subjecting the predetermined area of the inner surface of the pipe structure to the hydrophilic process in advance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system.    Oxidizing gas passage (4)
NOVELTY - End plates (52a,52b) are arranged outside of a stack with terminal electrodes (34a,34b) interposed between the end plates. The stack and terminal electrodes are accommodated in the case having a detachable surface. The end plates are connected to the open ends of the case by a hinge mechanism. A pair of separators each having gas supply passages that supply fuel gas or oxygen containing gas.    USE - Fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - Increases internal resistance of the fuel cell stack. Attains compact and lightweight fuel cell stack that maintains electric contact between elements. Prevents application of thermal stress to the fuel cell stack and suppress electric leakage to avoid giving electric shock to the operator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the expanded perspective view of a fuel cell stack.    Terminal electrodes (34a,34b)    End plates (52a,52b)
NOVELTY - Several air injectors in a preferential oxidation reactor are positioned along the length of the H2 rich gas flow path. Majority of the air is injected through the injectors positioned near a H2 rich gas inlet and away from the inlet during the normal operating and turndown conditions of a fuel cell stack respectively. The CO concentration exciting the reactor is controlled during the turndown condition.    USE - For operating multistage isothermal preferential oxidation reactor in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The reverse water gas shift reaction is eliminated by injecting the majority of the air through the injector closer to the gas outlet thereby the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen is reduced. The method improves the efficiency of the preferential oxidation of CO to CO2.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side elevational view of the multistage isothermal preferential oxidation reactor.
NOVELTY - A cooling line cools a fuel cell using cooling fluid which circulates between the fuel cell and heat exchanger. The humidification apparatuses respectively humidify the oxidant gas and fuel gas supplied to cathode and anode inlets, by the use of moisture rich gas discharged from cathode outlet and anode or cathode outlet of the fuel cell. A heater heats the oxidant and fuel gases.    USE - For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains the temperature of air supplied to cathode inlet and hydrogen gas supplied to anode inlet approximately same as that of fuel cell, even when the temperature of fuel cell is low. Prevents the decrease in humidification of air and hydrogen by avoiding dew point temperature drop. Prevents degradation of durability and decrease in power generation of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The purification subsystem (300) has a pair of catalyst layers (320) provided in the cathode flowpath, among which one layer promotes electrochemical reaction and other reacts with air pollutants such as carbon monoxide, ozone, respectively. The catalyst layers include platinum or its alloy dispersed in carbon black.    USE - For purifying air in fuel cell used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Heat from fuel cell is used by catalyst layers to react with air pollutants. Hence effective purification is ensured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the air purification subsystem.    Purification subsystem (300)    Catalyst layer (320)
NOVELTY - An autothermal reforming catalyst comprises rhodium on a support comprising cerium oxide, 5-40 mass% of rare earth element oxides having cerium oxide as a main component, and/or 60-95 mass% aluminum oxides, an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal. The atomic ratio of cerium to rhodium is in the range of 1-250.    USE - Auto thermal reforming catalyst for manufacturing heating gas for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has sufficient activity and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for heating gas manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - The catalyst has cerium and ruthenium whose atomic ratio is in the range of 1-250.    USE - Auto-thermal reforming catalyst.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a cheap catalyst with excellent heat-resisting property under oxygen co-existence.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for heating-gas manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - Waste gas is purified by placing catalyst in waste gas atmosphere containing surplus oxidation components than reduction components. The catalyst comprises at least palladium supported on an alumina-zirconia support manufactured by co-precipitation method. Consequently, methane in the waste gas is oxidized and purified.    USE - For oxidation purification of methane.    ADVANTAGE - The waste gas purification method enables effective oxidation purification of methane from low temperature region.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a graph showing the comparison between 50% methane purification temperatures. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Carbon dioxide gas, obtained by conversion of carbon monoxide in a converter, is removed by using a carbon dioxide absorber layer.    USE - For a fuel cell system (claimed) e.g. for solid-state oxide or polymer type fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Damage caused by carbon dioxide inevitably contained in the hydrogen manufacturing system is eliminated, and combustion efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above high-purity hydrogen manufacturing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Preparing a hydrogen-occlusion-alloy electrode.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen-occlusion-alloy electrode used in secondary battery (claimed) such as Ni-MH battery etc..    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the generation of short circuit and heavy current during manufacturing of the hydrogen-occlusion-alloy electrode by setting certain relationship.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The base material of the hydrogen-occlusion-alloy electrode is exposed from an electrode mixture layer (20) such that the width of the exposed portion (12) is set to satisfy a certain relation with thickness (t) of the hydrogen-occlusion-alloy electrode (2) which is less than 0.75, after roll pressurization which is given as 1 at most y at most -5t+4.75.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for secondary battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen-occlusion-alloy electrode. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen-occlusion-alloy electrode (2)    Base material exposed portion (12)    Electrode mixture layer (20)
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide converter (1) has a carbon monoxide conversion catalyst layer (7) which modifies reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water. The conversion catalyst layer contains two or more catalyst layers (7a, 7b) packed with different carbon monoxide conversion catalyst. A cooling pipe (8) is installed in the converter for cooling the catalyst layer.    USE - For producing carbon monoxide low concentration reformed gas for use in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The converter uses reduced amounts of conversion catalyst, and modifies reformed gas effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon monoxide converter (1) has a carbon monoxide conversion catalyst layer (7) which modifies reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water to carbon monoxide low concentration reformed gas. The conversion catalyst layer contains two or more catalyst layers (7a, 7b) packed with different carbon monoxide conversion catalyst. A cooling pipe (8) is installed in the converter for cooling the catalyst layer. The catalyst layer arranged at the downstream portion of flow direction of reformed gas contains noble metal catalyst supported on a carrier. The noble metal catalyst is platinum group catalyst, and the carrier contains a cerium compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of carbon monoxide converter for fuel cells. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbon monoxide converter (1)    Carbon monoxide conversion catalyst layer (7)    Catalyst layers (7a, 7b)    Cooling pipe (8)
NOVELTY - The preprocessor (20) has a hydrogenation unit (22) which treats the byproduct methane gas containing acetylene produced by ethylene generator (10) by catalytic hydrotreatment.    USE - For producing hydrogen used as fuel in boiler, gas turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Since acetylene contained in byproduct methane gas is treated by catalytic hydrotreatment, the coke precipitate by polymerization of acetylene is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model of hydrogen manufacturing plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Ethylene generator (10)    Preprocessor (20)    Hydrogenation unit (22)
NOVELTY - A cooling unit (2) cools reformed gas. An oxidation portion (1) includes a catalyst (7), and oxidizes and removes carbon monoxide in the cooled gas, to obtain a hydrogen-rich gas.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Operativity is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the above reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Oxidation portion (1)    Cooling unit (2)    Catalyst (7)
NOVELTY - The reformer has an air nozzle (4) to supply combustion assistance gas containing oxygen to a supply line (23), for combustion with raw material gas. The specific portion of the catalyst (31) is maintained in a cooled state compared to another portion, by supplying the assistance gas to the catalyst through an auxiliary air nozzle (5).    USE - For fuel cell system, used in electrical power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces activation time of catalyst due to efficient heating of gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline sectional view and partial top sectional view of the above fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Air nozzles (4,5)    Supply line (23)    Catalyst (31)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen permeability film (2) is formed on a temporary support base (1). A base film (4) with apertures is formed on the film (2), such that area of 30-95% or less of the hydrogen permeability film is covered by the film (4). The support base is finally removed.    USE - For forming hydrogen permeation structure (claimed) of fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen permeability film is formed precisely without any pinholes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen permeation structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded view of hydrogen permeation structure.    Base (1)    Hydrogen permeability film (2)    Base film (4)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell reformer (100) has combustion and reformation air chambers (4,5) that supplies reformation fuel and reformation air to a reforming catalyst layer (15).    USE - Reformer for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The size of the reformer is reduced and the degradation of the catalyst is suppressed. Also the fuel consumption of the cell is improved and temperature management of the reforming catalyst layer is performed easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structural diagram of the modifier for fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Combustion air chamber (4)    Reformation air chamber (5)    Modification catalyst layer (15)    Modifier (100)
NOVELTY - An electrode (I) of a solid electrolyte (21) with electrodes (I,II) (22a,22b) is contacted with water vapor. The water vapor is transformed into hydrogen by impressing a voltage among the electrodes, while contacting the electrode (II) with an ion source supplying substance (23). A hydrogen gas is formed.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen gas for secondary battery.    ADVANTAGE - Inexpensive and efficient hydrogen gas is obtained. The ion source supplying substance is regenerated by discharge phenomenon. Chemicals consumption is reduced. The running cost is reduced and liquid spill is prevented. The hydrogen making equipment is compact and inexpensive. Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are treated and removed hence global-warming is prevented. Production of continuous hydrogen gas is performed cost effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Hydrogen gas making equipment (11); and    (2) Hydrogen gas making unit containing the hydrogen gas making equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline explanatory drawing showing hydrogen gas making method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen gas making equipment (11)    Solid electrolyte (21)    Electrodes (22a,22b)    Ion source supplying substance (23)
NOVELTY - A container (2) stores a hydrogen compound. A controller (10) controls the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of the hydrogen compound in three reactors (41-43). It also controls the supply of the hydrogen compound to each reactor, and controls the supply time of hydrogen compound.    USE - For storing and supplying hydrogen for use in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables stable hydrogen supply, by controlling the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of the hydrogen compound, and controlling the hydrogen supply amount and hydrogen supply time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the above hydrogen storage and supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Container (2)    Controller (10)    Reactors (41-43)
NOVELTY - An aerosol washing agent comprises a gas composition comprising isobutane and propane in the ratio of 50:50-80:20, and a non-ionic surfactant.    USE - For washing pores, sensitive skin, cleaning brushes and beauty treatment (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The aerosol washing agent is creamy, and has mild durability, excellent stability and elasticity.
NOVELTY - 1-7 mass% of a caking material is added to a mixture of coal and 3 mass% or less of waste plastic, depending on the kind of waste plastic and mixed uniformly at predetermined rate. The mixture is inserted as layers into a coke oven chamber (12) at specific height so that the mixture is dispersed throughout the chamber, to manufacture coke.    USE - For producing coke from waste plastic.    ADVANTAGE - The waste plastic is effectively utilized by thermal decomposition. The strength and quality reduction of the coke is reduced by adding a caking material before the waste plastic and coal are inserted into the coke oven chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the main process flow of the manufacture of coke using waste plastic.    Coke oven chamber (12)
NOVELTY - A temperature detector detects the fuel cell temperature based on the heat amount of fuel cell and cooling performance of cooling system. A calculating unit calculates water amount supplied from a water circulation system (WS) to fuel cell based on detected fuel cell temperature. A controller (1) controls the discharge amount of water from the fuel cell (20), based on the calculation result.    USE - Fuel cell system used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of water collected from the fuel cell is accurately predicted and the water and heat balance of the fuel cell system is maintained by controlling the amount of collected water, thereby the operation efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an overall structural view of the fuel cell system.    Controller (1)    Fuel cell (20)    Water circulation system (WS)
NOVELTY - Granular structure, comprises granules coated with a polyhydroxyalkanoate derived from 3-hydroxypropionic acid, 3-hydorxy-n-butyric acid, and/or 3-hydroxy-n-valeric acid.    USE - Used for e.g. paints, inks, coatings, adhesives, fire extinguishants, cosmetics, building materials, pesticides, medicines, diagnostic agents, and fertilizers. Especially for electrophotographic toners.    ADVANTAGE - The capsular structure encloses the core at high concentration with few limitations of core materials, and does not use an additive such as surfactant, polymerization reagent, or organic solvent, which would contaminate the microcapsule.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) Production of the granules, comprising dispersing granules in an aqueous medium, immobilizing a polyhydroxyalkanoate-synthesizing enzyme on the surface of the granules dispersed in the aqueous medium; and synthesizing the polyhydroxyalkanoate by polymerizing coenzyme selected from 3-hydroxypropionyl coenzyme A, 3-hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A, and 3-hydroxyvaleryl coenzyme A to coat the granules;    (2) Electrophotographic toner comprising the granules; and    (3) Production of electrophotographic toner.
NOVELTY - A double acting piston pump (10) delivers water from a tank (35) or reforming unit (37)to a fuel cell (11). Surplus fluid is passed through return lines (13B,C).The pump has a valve arrangement (26)that tips from one position to another as the piston reciprocates and so changes the flow direction.    USE - Fuel cells    ADVANTAGE - Improved design    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic of pump design    Piston pump (10)    Tank (35)    Fuel cell (37 Reforming unit(11)    Return lines (13B,C)    Valve (26)
NOVELTY - Process for operating hydrocarbon reformers in fuel cell systems comprises carrying out a high temperature shift stage and/or a low temperature shift stage in converter reactors. Further cooling stages are arranged between the shift stages to lower the temperature of the reformate gas. To optimize the conversion of carbon monoxide, a region is provided for the maximum reaction speed of the carbon monoxide conversion. The volume of the shift stages is provided so that the carbon monoxide conversion decreases with the reaction speed within the prescribed region.    USE - Used in fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - A high amount of carbon monoxide can be converted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The region provided for the maximum reaction speed of the carbon monoxide conversion is different in individual shift stages. The heat produced in the cooling stage is used in fuel cell systems.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the process. (Drawing includes non-English language text.)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a gas generator box (1) that has atmosphere drawn through a suction line (2). Built into the line is a hydrogen sensor (5). The line with a low pressure pump (6), a water jet pump that produces suction due to the action of a high pressure water jet. The high pressure side has a needle valve regulator (8) and a non return valve (9).    USE - Fuel cells    ADVANTAGE - Prevents build up of critical level of hydrogen    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Schematic of system    Gas generator (1)    Suction line (2)    Hydrogen sensor (5)    Low pressure pump (6)    Regulator (8)    Non return valve (9)
NOVELTY - The air supply device has a number of air compressors for supplying functional units. At least one air compressor has a switching arrangement (29) for efficiency optimization that interacts with a number of functional units (12,13). The functional units have different available volumetric flows and /or pressure levels. The switching arrangement is used to connect the air compressors functionally in parallel with the functional units.    USE - For supplying air to functional units of a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Optimal efficiency of air supply can be achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following: a method of supplying air to functional units of a fuel cell system, especially in a vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram representation of an inventive device    switching arrangement (29)    functional units (12,13)
NOVELTY - The blind fire smoldering treatment method of refuse includes the following steps: providing a field waste yard to refuse, mixing fermenting agent or fermenting bacterial in the refuse, turning them once at least every five days until the refuse is fermented and become thoroughly decomposed, placing an inflammable material as fire-starting hole at the edge of fermented refuse dump, providing a hollow material body as exhaust ball with hollowed-out grid communicated to internal cavity, and embedding said exhaust ball in the depths of the refuse dump which is at least one meter from fire-starting hole, and lighting the inflammable material to make strenuous combustion.
NOVELTY - The present invention provides triphase treatment method of city refuse as resource. Refuse is sorted, crushed and fermenting treated with anaerobic bacteria in a reactor tower so as to produce inflammable gas with methane as main component to be exhausted from the top of the tower, solid biological fertilizer to be drained from the bottom and heavy metal ion dissolved in liquid phase to be discharged. The liquid phase is separated into sludge and liquid, the sludge is cultured in a pot before being reused and the liquid is regulated to pH 9-10 and deposited to eliminate harmful heavy metal ion before being reused. The present invention can utilize city refuse resource and eliminate secondary pollution in low investment and run cost.
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon-containing material is converted to fuel gas. The fuel gas is subjected to methanization and a methane-containing gas flow containing hydrogen and carbon dioxide is obtained. At least a portion of hydrogen is separated from the methane containing gas flow to form a methane-rich product and hydrogen-rich gas flow.    USE - For production of methane-rich gas from hydrocarbon containing material (claimed) such as biomass, used as fuel for WKK units with gas engines.    ADVANTAGE - The conversion of hydrocarbon containing material such as biomass to methane containing gas is performed efficiently by using existing and new high efficiency apparatus such as central heating installations combined with heat and energy plans, gas engines. The released heat and/or the heat is released in the methanization process is usefully employed for the production of high pressure steam. The heat recovered upon cooling, is used for driving a heat pump. The methanization step is performed in a simple reactor without using complex cooling system. The hydrogen rich gas with desired purity is obtained by simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrocarbon-containing material is converted to fuel gas. The fuel gas is subjected to methanization and a methane-containing gas flow containing hydrogen and carbon dioxide is obtained. At least a portion of hydrogen is separated from the methane containing gas flow to form a methane-rich product and hydrogen-rich gas flow. The hydrogen-rich gas flow is recirculated to the methanization step or prior to methanization step.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a process diagram of production of methane-rich gas.
NOVELTY - A proton conducting structure electrolyte (26) separates an anode chamber (22) and a cathode chamber (24) that is in fluid communication with an oxidizing agent. A valve controls the flow of effluent gas from the anode chamber to a effluent gas plenum and another valve controls the flow of effluent gas from the effluent gas plenum to the cathode chamber.    USE - For portable computer and mobile phone.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces amount of water stored in cathode chamber effectively, to maintain optimum fuel concentration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Water amount reduction method;    (2) Water management system; and    (3) Water removal method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the water management system.    Anode chamber (22)    Cathode chamber (24)    Proton conducting structure electrolyte (26)
NOVELTY - A micro-component system for producing syn-gas comprises: (1) mixer (26) for producing a feed stock of vaporized hydrocarbon and water vapor; (2) steam reformer for receiving the feed stock; (3) combustor for generating heat energy from fuel cell off gas and vaporized hydrocarbons to heat the reformer; (4) exit for the product syn-gas; and (5) laminar flow unit for effecting energy exchange between fluids.    USE - For producing hydrogen-enriched gas to power a fuel cell adapted for motor vehicle use and other systems having incremental and/or scalable energy requirements.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive microcomponent system allows the use of steam reforming process for automotive and other predetermined power requirement applications. It achieves improved operating efficiencies and is volumetrically scalable with respect to flow rates as determined by power requirements for a specific situation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a micro-component power source using an interconnected cycle that comprises:    (1) combusting a gas mixture containing hydrogen component to heat vaporizer(s) (14, 18, 22) and steam reformer;    (2) providing a vaporized hydrocarbon/water mixture and introducing the mixture into the steam reformer to produce a feed gas;    (3) cooling the feed gas and introducing the feed gas into a hydrogen fuel cell; and    (4) combusting the off gas from fuel cell to heat the vaporizer and steam reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram of the microcomponent system and cycle.    Vaporizers (14, 18, 22)    Mixer (26)    Water-gas shift reactors (42, 50)    Preferential oxidation reactor (60)
NOVELTY - Removal of sulfur compounds from a gas stream involves removing an odorous component of a gas in a first step by contacting the gas with a first material, and removing hydrogen sulfide from the gas in a second step by contacting the gas with a second material different from the first material.    USE - For removing sulfur compounds from a gas stream. It is used by fuel processor systems, to convert natural gas into reformate for subsequent use in fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method allows for the segregation of the odorant removal function from the general removal of H2S, thus enabling the size and make-up of each stage to be tailored to a specific application.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for removing sulfur compounds from a gas stream, which comprises a first stage and a second stage; and a conduit having an inlet and an outlet and providing fluid communication from the inlet to the first stage, from the first stage to the second stage, and from the second stage to the outlet. The first stage comprises a zeolite material, and the second stage comprises a material including hydrogen sulfide (H2S) absorbents and carbonyl sulfide (COS) hydrolysis catalysts.
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon fuel is reacted with steam in the presence of a reforming catalyst and a carbon dioxide fixing material, to produce a hydrogen gas. Carbon monoxide is removed from this gas, by methanation or selective oxidation, to produce a hydrogen-rich gas.    USE - Converting hydrocarbon fuel to hydrogen-rich gas, used for fuel cell (claimed) such as proton exchange membrane or alkaline fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - A high hydrogen, low carbon monoxide, low carbon dioxide reformate is produced, by steam reforming in the presence of carbon dioxide fixing material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Method for operating a fuel cell (45).    (2) An apparatus for producing electricity from hydrocarbon fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the method for converting a hydrocarbon fuel to a hydrogen-rich gas.    Fuel cell (45)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system for a car is provided, to smooth the exhaust to prevent the back flow of air, thereby improving the stability and the performance of a stack of fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell system(21) comprises a fuel cell stack which is set in one side of a car(20) and has an entrance/exit manifold of hydrogen, air and cooling water and where separator sheets and electrodes are laminated alternatively; an air supply system for supplying air for the fuel cell stack; a hydrogen supply system for supplying hydrogen; a cooling system for cooling the fuel cell stack; and exhaust ports for exhausting the gases separated from hydrogen, air and cooling water from the fuel cell system. The exhaust port is installed according to the characteristic of pressure of a car. The exhaust port for air(31) is installed under the rear bumper; the exhaust port for hydrogen(32) is installed above the rear light; and the exhaust port for cooling water(33) is installed at the front filler.
NOVELTY - Provided is an automatic experimental and performance-estimating apparatus for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which can estimate the long and short operation performance of a power generation system of the fuel cell and find the most suitable operation condition automatically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The automatic experimental and performance-estimating apparatus comprises: a gas supply system(100) comprising main pipes(150,160) connected to a fuel cell stack(1) and exhaust pipes(170,180) exhausting the reacted gas from the fuel cell stack(1); a hydrogen recovering system(200) diverged from the exhaust pipe(170) and connected to the main pipe(150); a cooling system(300) containing a cooling water storing tank(301) connected to the fuel cell stack(1) through liquid-gas separators(173,183) mounted to the exhaust pipes(170,180) and connected to humidifiers(153,163) mounted to the main pipes(150,160) through the fuel cell stack(1); a water recovering system(400) connected to the cooling water storing tank(301) from the liquid-gas separators(154,164,173,183) through solenoid valves(401,402,403,404); a control system(500) comprising an automatic control and measure system(501), a signal converter(502), and an electric load controlling system of the fuel cell stack(1).
NOVELTY - The semiconductor gas detection element (10) comprising metal oxide semiconductor is equipped with detected gas and a gas sensitive portion (12). The diameter of the sphere of gas sensitive portion is less than or equal to 0.5mm. The sensitive portion contains 1-20% of metal selected from Ca, Sr, Co, Ni or Pd.    USE - Semiconductor type gas detection element.    ADVANTAGE - Provides high detection sensitivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the semiconductor type gas detection element.    Semiconductor gas detection element (10)    Gas sensitive portion (12)
NOVELTY - The steam of heat medium oil is used as a heat source, when heating methanol and water for producing hydrogen gas.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas, used in petroleum refining industry, foodstuff industry, chemical and electronic industry, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enables use of just a small amount of heat medium oil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the above methanol modification reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An auxiliary heat exchanger (5) is provided to recover heat from a catalyst (2) in a reaction chamber (3), that is heated by a burner (1).    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Operativity of the reformer is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Burner (1)    Catalyst (2)    Reaction chamber (3)    Auxiliary heat exchanger (5)
NOVELTY - A flow control valve (22) is in a hydrogen gas supply line (18), to limit flow of purified gas to a stack (16), when the reformed gas or hydrocarbon concentration in the purified gas is higher than a predetermined value. The purified gas is returned to a modifier (10) through a circulation gas line (24a) upstream of the flow control valve.    USE - For use with fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the supply of impure gas to the stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of starting the fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the above fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (10)    Stack (16)    Hydrogen gas supply line (18)    Flow control valve (22)    Circulation gas line (24a)
NOVELTY - Zinc and copper are immersed in an aqueous solution of strongly acidic sulfuric acid containing deuterium (D2SO4) of pH 0.5-2, to generate hydrogen. Zinc weight forms 2-10 times of that of copper. Zinc and copper are used as granules, porous substance, tabular substance, network or fibrous substance.    USE - To generate hydrogen for motor vehicles, and for emergency power supply to fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is generated reliably and efficiently, for a long period of time. Electricity is not needed for generating hydrogen. Generation of carbon dioxide is prevented, and hence the method is eco-friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the above hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The heating gas, containing hydrogen, water vapor and unreacted oxygen required for water vapor modification and partial oxidation, is supplied from the cathode side of the fuel cell (10) to a modification unit (20) through a connecting pipe (14). The combustion gas from a combustor (26) is supplied to the modification unit through a heat exchanger (25), to heat the modification unit.    USE - As fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - By supplying the heating gas from the fuel cell to the modification unit, the need for an extra pipe to supply oxygen to the modification unit is eliminated. By heating the modification unit, the level of partial oxidation reaction, which is exothermic, is controlled effectively, without reducing the hydrogen concentration of the heating gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the above fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (10)    Connecting pipe (14)    Modification unit (20)    Heat exchanger (25)    Combustor (26)
NOVELTY - A 2-propanol is heated to above its boiling point, and steam reformed using a catalyst, to manufacture hydrogen.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen, used as fuel in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is manufactured efficiently and stably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst is rhodium supported on a carrier chosen from alumina, ceria and/or oxidized zirconia.
NOVELTY - A honeycombed gas passageway comprises intermingled catalytic and non-catalytic gas passageways (5a,5b) with and without active points of catalyst, respectively.    USE - Used in carbon monoxide removal reactor (claimed), for production of hydrogen-rich gas used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves CO removal ratio efficiently, by passing the gas through gas passageway with intermingled catalytic and non-catalytic gas passageways.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) Carbon monoxide removal method; and    (2) Carbon monoxide removal reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the above carbon-monoxide removal reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Catalytic gas passageways (5a,5b)
NOVELTY - Combustion adjuvant contains metallic oxide coated with polar polymer, in aromatic solvent. The metallic oxide is titanium oxide, iron oxide or zinc oxide. The polar polymer has carbonyl group.    USE - Used in waste material incinerators, and shot-peening (sic) for anti-oxidation of steel plate.    ADVANTAGE - The adjuvant effectively inhibits generation of dioxin or carbon monoxide. The adjuvant generates high heating value at a low temperature range. The adjuvant also enables effective use of scrap iron generated as industrial waste.
NOVELTY - Manufacture of vanadium-phosphorus complex oxide, involves intercalating 4-8C aliphatic secondary alcohol to the interlayer of stratified compound formed from composition comprising vanadium, phosphorus and oxygen, in inert gas atmosphere containing 2-50 volume% of oxygen; and heating intercalated compound at 150-420 degrees C.    USE - As catalyst or catalyst precursor for producing butane.    ADVANTAGE - The method enable to easily manufacture vanadium-phosphorus complex oxide having high surface area.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for vanadium-phosphorus complex oxide having Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) surface area of 80 m2/g or more.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of intercalated compound.
NOVELTY - Apparatus for production of fatty acid alkyl esters, especially Me esters of rapeseed oil, has inlets for starting and intermediate materials and also an arrangement (44, 46, 48, 60, 64) which includes a heater for the materials in the reactor (12) and a device producing reduced pressure in the reactor, the heater and pressure-reducing device operating at least phase-wise and simultaneously to evaporate the by products, residues and impurities.    USE - The esters thus produced can be used as a biofuel for agricultural vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus can be used for decentralized (ie in-situ 'on the farm') production of biofuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus for production of fatty acid alkyl esters, especially Me esters of rapeseed oil, comprises (A) an inlet (54, 48, 46, 44) introducing starting materials into a reactor (12); (B) an inlet (54, 48, 46, 44, 82, 92) introducing reaction intermediates during at least one reaction cycle; (C) a device (44, 46, 48, 60, 64, 14, 22) for removing by-products, residues and impurities; and (D) a device ((44, 46, 48, 60, 64) for removing the final ester product and is such that the device (C) includes a heater for the materials in the reactor (12) and a device producing reduced pressure in reactor (12) which operate at least phase-wise and simultaneously to evaporate the by products etc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the apparatus with    reactor (12)    heater (14)    optional heater (16)    condenser (30)    vegetable oil feed tank (40)    alcohol and/or caustic storage tank (42)    alkyl ester storage tank (68)    alcohol or caustic tank (72)    acid and/or water storage tank (80)    inlet for starting materials (54, 48, 46, 44)    by-product removal device (44, 46, 48, 60, 64, 14, 22)    valve arrangement (46, 48, 54, 64)
NOVELTY - Waste, including carcasses, is comminuted to a wet slurry and mixed with dry material. Transported in a closed system, it is stored, then supplied under pressure to a combustion process.    USE - Used to dispose of animal wastes and carcasses, by converting them to a fuel for e.g. power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Disposal of animal wastes and carcasses is greatly simplified. 100% reliable destruction of all forms of harmful microbiological agents including prions is achieved. Far fewer processing stages are required. Existing very large quantities of material which have accumulated, can be removed in safety.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for plant carrying out the above process and for the fuel produced. Formation of the mixed, pumped fuel, is effected in a closed system, from raw materials basin to transport silo storage. Metering and introduction into combustion, employs a high pressure pump connected to a pressure line in a closed system.    Preferred Features: Cadaver processing requirements at TBA (Tierkorper Beseitigungs Anstalten - animal cadaver disposal establishments) are simplified and changed to suit only the requirements of a product for combustion. These requirements no longer focus on optimum separation into animal meal, fat etc, but on the required combustion properties. The feedstock is a mixture of animal meal and meat slurry. There is no requirement to produce a very dry animal meal, and separately other products such as animal fat, which are then burned. Current rising quantities of stored, contaminated animal meal are removed with prion-contaminated hazardous material and animal carcasses, economically, in complete safety and in a controlled manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plant implementation shown schematically.    Raw wastes (1, 2, 3)    Shredder (35)    High pressure atomization (55)    Fluidized combustion bed (56)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon, e.g. lower alkane, is produced from mercaptan (preferably methanethiol), by reacting mercaptan-containing gas with a silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) catalyst to convert a portion of the mercaptan to hydrocarbon, and recovering the hydrocarbon.    USE - Producing hydrocarbon, e.g. lower alkane, from mercaptan, preferably methanethiol (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The use of SAPO catalyst effectively converts mercaptans to hydrocarbons.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for producing hydrocarbons by reacting a gas mixture containing carbon oxide and hydrogen sulfide with a catalyst containing supported metal oxide of vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, chromium, rhenium, tungsten, manganese, titanium, zirconium and/or tantalum, and contacting the resulting mercaptan with a SAPO catalyst.
NOVELTY - Cosmetic composition packaged in an aerosol device comprises a propellant, a fixing and/or thickening polymer, and solid particles comprising at least 10 wt.% of a silicate and less than 1 wt.% aluminum    USE - The composition is useful for cosmetic hair treatment, especially hair styling.    ADVANTAGE - The composition has good cosmetic properties and allows hair to be styled without matting or overloading.
NOVELTY - A chamber (10) containing hydrogen peroxide solution (20) is separated from the chamber (40) containing water (30), by a membrane (50) that is permeable to hydrogen ions. A stainless steel electrode and a gas cathode electrode of cobalt and nickel are immersed in hydrogen peroxide solution and water, respectively. A conduit directs oxygen collected from the chamber (10) by decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen and oxygen are produced by decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, hence the need for additional substances in the fuel cell is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the fuel cell.    Chambers (10,40)    Hydrogen peroxide solution (20)    Water (30)    Membrane (50)
NOVELTY - Palladium (26) is selectively deposited on copper (14) provided in a substrate material (16) consisting of an inconel mesh.    USE - Filter for gasoline and hydrogen reformation process in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The structural degradation is prevented by depositing palladium on copper, and deposition of copper and palladium are carried out selectively and efficiently, therefore cost of filter is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for filter manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagrammatic illustration of a step involved in filter formation method.    Copper (14)    Substrate material (16)    Palladium (26)
NOVELTY - A particulate promoted skeleton iron catalyst comprises 70-90 weight% (wt.%) of iron, 0-5 wt.% of copper, 0.1-5 wt.% of manganese, 0.1-3 wt.% of potassium with a balance of aluminum, and has a surface area of 20-80 m2/g and a particle size of 10-10000 microns.    USE - The catalyst is used in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, for converting carbon monoxide and hydrogen in synthesis gas feeds to desired hydrocarbon products.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is prepared by a simple method using large metal chips to form a molten metal alloy which is rapidly cooled to room temperature and pulverized to desired particle size, to obtain a catalyst precursor material, and using an improved method for loading potassium promoter to the catalyst precursor. The catalyst is effectively activated in either fixed bed or in situ reactors. The promoted catalyst provides good syngas conversion, comparable to precipitated iron catalyst under industrial conditions, and has stable activity and excellent selectivity for liquid transportation fuels and alpha-olefins, particularly in slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The catalyst provides good attrition resistance and sedimentation separation of used catalyst from liquid hydrocarbon slurries withdrawn from slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch reactors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Preparation of the catalyst.    (2) Catalytic Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, which involves feeding hydrogen and carbon monoxide-containing synthesis gas having hydrogen to carbon monoxide molar ratio of 0.5-5:1 into a reactor containing a reaction medium and the promoted skeletal iron catalyst. The reactor is maintained at 200-350 degrees C, pressure of 1-3 MPa and gas hourly space velocity of 0.5-5 NL/g-iron/hour. A hydrocarbon gas/vapor and hydrocarbon liquid product containing fine used catalyst particles are withdrawn from the reactor.
NOVELTY - Trade or domestic waste waters are cleaned by means of floating plants, for example a specimen of higher aquatic plants. Floating plant is placed in nutrition solution at positive ambient air and solution temperature. Ambient air temperature is maintained at the level of at least +16 C and temperature of nutrition solution within a range of +15 to +36 C. Nutrition solution is constituted by polluted water with pH 5-9 and the following initial contents of pollutants, mg/l: ammonia nitrogen 200, phosphates 18, iron 22, alkali 17, surfactant 14, sulfides 21, petroleum derivatives 25, phenols 340, suspended substances 1500, biochemical oxygen demand no higher than 1000 mg O2/l and chemical oxygen demand no higher than 2000 mg O2/l. Plants are subjected to additional artificial illumination by green-red spectrum lamps with power at least 300 W/sq.m for at most 14 h a day, preferably between 5 and 19 o'clock. During a cold season, plants are covered with light-transparent f ilm enhancing red spectrum constituent. One performs periodically non-draught aeration in the space under film. Air under film is additionally warmed, e.g. by the aid of heating fans. Temperature conditions under film are maintained by forming moistening layer in the form of artificial irrigation or air-sol blanket. Polluted waters are additionally warmed or cooled.    USE - Waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Created conditions for year-round adaptation of plants and optimized conditions for effectively cleaning polluted water. 11 cl
NOVELTY - Invention relates to novel strain of unicellular green alga Chlorella vulgaris BIN designated for preparing biomass and treatment of sewage. Strain shows broad spectrum of culturing temperature (20-40 C), its multiplication does not depend of seasonal factor. Strain has no demanding to nutrient medium but shows high degree of purification of waste of different kinds. Strain Chlorella vulgaris BIN shows the more antagonistic properties with respect to alga flora, microorganisms, fungi, yeast and infusoria and immunity to phages.    USE - Biotechnology.    ADVANTAGE - Valuable properties of strain. 2 tbl
NOVELTY - Provided are a single-staged reactor type of BOD sensor using a capsule containing immobilized microorganism and a method for measuring BOD within a short period of time by using the same.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The BOD sensor is characterized by consisting of a reactor including a capsule having an immobilized microorganism which degrades organic materials in a sample solution with a buffer by oxidation, and a cathode.
NOVELTY - A manufacturing equipment of RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel) using as raw material synthetic resin waste or mixture of the resin waste and combustible waste is provided, which can produce solid fuel having high strength by using heating extruding molding machine that use almost same level of pressure in large capacity continuously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises a heating tank(100), a screw conveyor(200) and an extruding tank(300). At the horizontal heating tank that has a horizontal mixer(120) driven by a driving device(130), waste is fed through the inlet(111) at the top, heated by hot air and is discharged through the outlet at the bottom to screw conveyor. Waste being fed into the vertical extruding molding tank that has a vertical compacting device(330) at the center and discharge block(310) at the bottom is compacted and molded by up and downward motion of the compacting device(330) and discharged through the discharge hole(320).
NOVELTY - A microorganism Monascus sp., a microorganism preparation containing the same microorganism, and a producing method thereof are provided, therefore the formation of bad smell can be effectively inhibited during organic waste fermentation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A mixed microorganism preparation for removing bad smell of domestic animal feces and urine contains 10 to 30 wt.% of the microorganism preparation containing Monascus purpureus, 20 to 40 wt.% of the microorganism preparation containing Rhodobacter capsulatus, and 40 to 60 wt.% of a microorganism-stabilizing diluent, in which Monascus purpureus is Monascus purpureus(KFCC-11238), Rhodobacter capsulatus is Rhodobacter capsulatus(ATCC 33303), the microorganism-stabilizing diluent contains soybean powder, soybean waste, jade powder, vermiculite or diatomite. The method for producing the mixed microorganism preparation comprises the steps of: inoculating Monascus purpureus into a medium containing 1 to 3 wt.% of glucose and 0.1 to 0.5 wt.% of potato powder and culturing it at 25 to 37 deg. C with agitation; pulverizing the grown cell beads; mixing the pulverized cell beads with the microorganism-stabilizing diluent in the ratio of 1:1; drying the mixture and pulverizing it to produce the microorganism preparation containing Monascus purpureus; culturing Rhodobacter capsulatus and mixing the cultured medium with the microorganism-stabilizing diluent in the ratio of 1:1; drying and pulverizing the mixture to produce the microorganism preparation containing Rhodobacter capsulatus; and mixing the microorganism preparation containing Monascus purpureus with the microorganism preparation containing Rhodobacter capsulatus in the weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:3.
NOVELTY - A process of preparing soy sauce by fermenting steamed soybeans on dried horse manure, mixing a mixture of snow-melted water, loess water and bamboo salt, an extract of crude drug and vegetable and then aging is provided. Whereby, the soy sauce has a good taste and anticancer function.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Steamed soybeans are fermented on dried horse manure that is came from a horse having fed soybean, bean chaff, beanstalk and rice straw. Snow fallen on the winter solstice is melted, mixed with loess water and bamboo salt, added with the fermented soybean fermented with horse manure and then aged at 18deg.C for 30 to 45 days. Thereafter, the fermented soybean is removed, the remaining concentrate is heated with an extract of marsh snail, garlic, ginger and Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. at 100deg.C for 12hr and aged for 1 year.
NOVELTY - A tablet type byproduct fertilizer using sesame dregs, shell powder, saw dust, dried chicken droppings, rice germ and microbes is provided to help growth of plants and enrich acidified soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The preparation method of byproduct fertilizer is as follows: mixing 30-50wt.% of sesame dregs, 10-30wt.% of shell powder, 10-30wt.% of saw dust, 20-40wt.% of dried chicken droppings, 5-15wt.% of rice germ, 1-2wt.% of microbes, and optionally zeolite or perlite to form a coating layer; fermenting the mixture naturally for 10-20days; re-fermenting in a mixer for 5-20days to contain 30-50wt.% of water; crushing fermented mixture; extruding and cutting for tablets of 1-10mm size.
NOVELTY - The manifold (28) has a laminate formed by stacked layers which are coupled through flanges (34). The size of flange is set such that the flange extends along the elastic curvature surface of each layer during deformation and fastening.    USE - For fuel cell e.g. solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids generation of gap between ends of manifold irrespective of deformation thereby the need for sealed ring is eliminated and hence space saving is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of manifold type in fuel cell.    Manifold (28)    Flange (34)
NOVELTY - A reactive gas is supplied through the primary side route to fuel cell (1) when the fuel cell is shutdown. The moisture content in the secondary side route and the fuel cell is removed after which the supply of reactive gas is stopped.    USE - For vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Moisture content in fuel cell is removed in a short time at the time of shutdown of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell has: (a) a hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte film; (b) catalyst layers kept into contact with the electrolyte film; (c) a pair of electrodes, each formed by laying up a gas diffusion layer on the catalyst layer; and (d) a pair of conductive separators, each having gas passages.    USE - The method produces the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell optimizes humidification in the electrodes, controls water repellency in the catalyst layers and the gas diffusion layers, and inhibits aged deterioration. High gas diffusion and drainage are retained for a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gas passages supply and discharge a fuel gas to and from one electrode and supplying and discharging an oxidant gas to and from the other electrode. At least one catalyst layer contains carbon powder, a surface active agent, and a polymer electrolyte.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell (11) has an air suction system (28) arranged in the fuel feeding pipe supplying fuel to the fuel chamber. Fuel drainage pump (36) is arranged in the fuel ejection pipeline ejecting fuel from the fuel chamber.    USE - Fuel cell for satellite, space craft, domestic electricity generator and vehicle such as passenger car, bus and truck.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the sintering of the catalyst and the reduction of the effective area of the catalyst and enables to maintain property of catalyst for long period of time even at time of starting and stopping operation repeatedly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the fuel cell control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (11)    Air suction system (28)    Fuel drainage pump (36)
NOVELTY - A container contains CO removal catalysts (15,17). The oxidizing gas and heating gas containing CO flow along peripheral direction of the container.    USE - For modifier which produces LPG and raw material gas.    ADVANTAGE - Enables removing CO effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the single pipe cylindrical modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    CO removal catalysts (15,17)
NOVELTY - Degradation of a semiconductor gas detection element is judged when the difference between the measured response time of the semiconductor gas detection element for methane, and reference standard response time for detecting methane is more than an allowable value.    USE - For inflammable gas detector, used in general home and industry, e.g. chemical processing plant.    ADVANTAGE - Enables on-spot testing of gas detector simply and easily, and reliable judgment of degradation of gas detector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for testing equipment used as above.
NOVELTY - Heating is stopped during the start of filling hydrogen gas into a magnesium group hydrogen alloy filling container. A hydrogen occlusion process is carried out using the heat generated during the hydrogen occlusion reaction.    USE - For filling hydrogen gas, useful in e.g. electrode material of heat pump of hydrogen storage equipment and exhaust heat use, chemical engine and nickel-hydrogen battery, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enables increase in speed of hydrogen occlusion at initial stage during filling. Avoids use of external heat source, since the heat generated by hydrogen occlusion reaction is used for hydrogen occlusion.
NOVELTY - A cooling unit (106) cools the exhaust gas emitted from the processing container (1) in which organic waste is heated. An ozone gas generator generates ozone gas of predetermined concentration, which is mixed with cooled exhaust gas.    USE - For processing organic waste from home or restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - The processing efficiency is improved, since the exhaust gas is cooled and mixed with ozone gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top view of the above organic waste processing apparatus.    Processing container (1)    Cooling unit (106)
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon gas with specific air ratio is supplied to modifier burner (46) which heats modifier (42). The reformed hydrogen gas is supplied from modifier to a pilot burner (54), until the hydrogen component is stabilized by heating the modifier.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Achieves efficient heating of the modifier using modifier burner and supplies reformed hydrogen gas to pilot burner, until hydrogen component is stabilized by heating modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for modifier heating apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (42)    Modifier burner (46)    Pilot burner (54)
NOVELTY - The prevention of bad odors in livestock barns using refuse solid fuel, involves mixing the carbonaceous material with excrement in a livestock barn. The carbonaceous material is obtained by the dry distillation of refuse solid fuel processed by crushing the solid fuel to a defined shape, drying and molding.    USE - For preventing the generation of bad odors in livestock barns.    ADVANTAGE - The process effectively prevents the generation of bad odors in livestock barns.
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises palladium supported on strong acid-processed tin oxide.    USE - For purification of hydrocarbons containing methane and oxygen in combustion exhaust gas.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrocarbon in the exhaust gas is effectively purified, and the catalyst has high catalytic activity, even under low temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for purification of exhaust gas using the above catalyst.
NOVELTY - A computer of a card identification system confirms the identification of a person, enabling him to insert a container holding the waste edible oil into an opening of an edible oil collection/recovery stand.    USE - Installed in supermarket, convenience store, etc., for collecting waste edible oil generated from cooking oil like tempura oil at home and use it as liquid fuel for air-conditioners of hospital, retirement home, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Recovers waste edible oil stably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A computer of a card identification system confirms the identification of a person, enabling him to insert a sealed container holding the waste edible oil into a recovery stand. The person is rewarded with an incentive and the waste edible oil is used as a fuel for air-conditioners of hospitals, retirement homes, etc. When a fixed quantity of waste oil is collected in the stand, a person from the recovery enterprises recovers the collected waste edible oil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the waste edible oil collection system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The desulfurizer comprises metal components that are supported on a carrier having hydrogen absorption rate of 0.4 mmol/g.    USE - For desulfurizing petroleum and resultant desulfurized petroleum is made to contact with steam reforming catalyst to produce hydrogen for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the sulfur component in petroleum hydrocarbon and increases life.
NOVELTY - The desulfurizer comprises metal components that are placed on a support with surface area of at least 100m2/g and fine pores of at most 3nm diameter.    USE - For desulfurizing petroleum and resultant desulfurized petroleum is made to contact with steam reforming catalyst to produce hydrogen for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Efficiently reduces the sulfur component in the petroleum and increases the life activity of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system (10) comprises an adsorption dryer (22) for drying reformer gas arranged between a fuel gas preparation unit (12) for preparing a hydrogen-rich reformer gas and a fuel cell stack (14).    USE - Used for converting chemical energy into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - Damage to the fuel cell by condensation water is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for reducing the water content of a hydrogen-rich reformer gas in the fuel cell system.    Preferred Features: The adsorption dryer contains silica gel or molecular sieve as the drying agent. The adsorption dryer and the fuel cell stack form one unit. The reformer gas is fed through the adsorption dryer in the cold start operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (10)    Fuel gas preparation unit (12)    Fuel cell stack (14)
NOVELTY - The present invention belongs to environment protection technology and solves the technological problem of using plant enzyme to enzymolyze various animal and plant protein and bacteria to produce organic fertilizer. Garbage, after being sorted and classified, is mixed with human excrement, one of pineapple peel, fig and papaya root, stem and leaf, and chinaberry leaf or Chinese ash leaf, and the mixture is crushed, ground and piled naturally for over 10 days to produce the organic fertilizer. The present invention can eliminate environment pollution in the source.
NOVELTY - A distribution channel (3) distributes an operating substance like gas under even pressure via an electrode. A feeder channel (1) and a discharge channel (2) run into the distribution channel. Also an additional feeder channel (4) runs directly into the distribution channel.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The operating substance has improved flow guidance. The area for the distribution channel is regularly reduced, where an adjoining membrane runs the risk of drying out because of low humidity from the operating gas, and water that forms is significantly increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for operating a fuel cell with a methanol-water mixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a bipolar plate.    Feeder channel (1)    Discharge channel (2)    Distribution channel (3)    Additional feeder channel (4)
NOVELTY - In order to distribute all reactands like O2/H2 equally in individual fuel cell units, inertial forces are used together with viscous forces in a distribution flow and transferred in matching geometrical sizes for distribution/reaction channels (12-14). An operating substance moves in a C-shape (115) over the length of fuel cell stacks.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Loss of pressure in a component matches loss of pressure in a split flow between two fuel cell units in order to provide uniform distribution of mass flow rates in a coolant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top view of a bipolar plate with two different conceptions for a flow of reactand.    Distribution/reaction channels (12-14)    C-shape flow (115)
NOVELTY - The reactor module has a chamber block with a longitudinal cavities accommodating catalyst, extending from inlet and outlet of the block. The heat exchangers aligned with the chamber block, has micro channel pathways for fluid flow. A platform securing the heat exchangers and the chamber block in alignment, has a closed interior pathway to communicate with the longitudinal cavities.    USE - Microcomponent reactor module e.g. water gas shift (WGS) reactor module for use with hydrogen fuel cell system provided in motor vehicle, mobile and personal use application and other predetermined discrete power requirement applications.    ADVANTAGE - The compact size of the reactor module enables the fuel cell system to be placed within the engine compartment of the motor vehicle so the size and cost of the fuel cell are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the microcomponent reactor module.
NOVELTY - The micro-component (1) comprises a separator (7) forming on opposite sides thereof adjacent and longitudinally extending micro-channels for laminar fluid flow. The separator being a middle element in a sealed enclosure having inlet (61) and outlet opening (62) transverse to the channels allowing the flow of fluid through the channels.    USE - Multi-purpose micro-channel micro-component heat exchanger, vaporizer and micro-chamber for the promotion of chemical reactions, and in the sequential processing or reforming of reactants involved in the production of hydrogen gas used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a micro-component heat exchanger assembly that facilitates the flow of gas phase and liquid phase fluids on either side of an intermediate separator or wave-plate having micro-channels formed on opposite sides thereof such that energy transfer of gas phase fluids on the opposite sides of the separator is principally effected by diffusion and energy is conducted through the separator. Provides a device in which the intermediate separator between alternate flows may include a catalyst to promote a chemical operation on the fluid passing through the device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cut away plan view of the micro-channel device.    Micro-component (1)    Separator (7)    Inlet opening (61)    Outlet opening (62)
NOVELTY - A heat transfer gas is passed through the flow paths provided in a fuel cell apparatus to accept the waste heat from each components located in the flow paths. The temperature of the external surface and the exhausted gas from the apparatus, is maintained below 70degreesC.    USE - For regulating thermal characteristic of self-contained fuel cell apparatus such as hybrid power supply apparatus used in non-road electric vehicles e.g. lift trucks for battery replacement application.    ADVANTAGE - Safely maintains the various heat generating components of fuel cell apparatus within a preferred operating temperature ranges.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for thermal characteristics regulation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The layer comprises a perforated graphite foil having an active region (230) and a fluid impermeable sealing region (240). An electro-catalyst, reactant flow field channel (225) and several openings (260) partially filled with a conductive filler are formed in the major surface of the layer.    USE - In solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - By combining the sealing and fluid distribution functions into one fluid distribution layer, the number of components are simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced and the reliability is improved and also reduces or eliminates the need for separate sealing components in a fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel cell with the fluid distribution layer.    Reactant flow field channel (225)    Active region (230)    Fluid impermeable sealing region (240)    Opening (260)
NOVELTY - The inlet and outlet of a humidifier (54) are connected to a gas supply (60) and a humidity sensor (78) whose output is connected to a fuel cell stack (56) and a controller (90). A bypass line (80) containing a valve (84), bypasses the humidifier. The controller receives a signal indicating the relative humidity of gas exiting the humidifier from the sensor and controls the valve accordingly.    USE - For controlling humidity of individual fuel cell or stack of fuel cells used in vehicles as a replacement for internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE - By bypassing the gas around the humidifier, the relative humidity levels of the gases are controlled efficiently, amount of make-up water that is required throughout the fuel cell system is reduced and the fuel cell is operated efficiently to produce maximum amount of electricity. Also allows lower flow rates through the humidifier and increases the flexibility in humidifier design, thereby facilitating production of smaller and inexpensive humidifiers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the humidity control system.    Humidifier (54)    Fuel cell stack (56)    Gas supply (60)    Humidity sensor (78)    Bypass line (80)    Valve (84)    Controller (90)
NOVELTY - A gas flowrate sensor (78), a humidifier (54) and a fuel cell stack (56) are connected in series between a gas supply (60) and a combustor (58). A bypass line (80) containing a valve (84) bypasses the sensor, humidifier and the fuel cell stack. A controller receives a signal indicating the flowrate of gas entering the humidifier, from the sensor and controls the valve accordingly.    USE - Gas flow control system for controlling flow of gas such as air or oxygen to individual fuel cell or stack of fuel cells used in vehicles as replacement for internal combustion engine. Also used to control combustor temperature.    ADVANTAGE - By bypassing gas around the humidifier and the fuel cell, the humidity of gas entering the combustor and the fuel cell system component requirements are reduced. The fuel cell is operated efficiently to produce maximum amount of electricity. The bypassing also enables the system to have lower pressure drop and to provide failsafe operation of the combustor while allowing the use of a smaller humidifier and reducing thermal load in the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the gas flow control system.    Humidifier (54)    Fuel cell stack (56)    Combustor (58)    Gas supply (60)    Gas flowrate sensor (78)    Bypass line (80)    Valve (84)
NOVELTY - An air conditioner for a vehicle using a metallic hydrogen storage alloy is provided to simplify its structure, and to stabilize cooling and heating performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An air conditioner includes two evaporators (1,1') facing each other in a cooling device; a damper (3) between the evaporators to rotate within a fixed angle centering on a central hinge (2); an indoor blowing port (4) and an outdoor outlet (4') above and under the damper, respectively to supply only selected air into a car; hydrogen delivery pipes (7a,7b,7c,7d,7a') connected to the evaporators, such that hydrogen is moved by a compressor (5) in a direction determined by three-way valves (6,6'); and an oil separator (8) on one side of the compressor.
NOVELTY - A high content, biodegradable, steam exploded biomass block-graft copolymer matrix compound and its preparation method are provided. The compound is processed to be a three layered composite sheet and can replace the pulp paper and board and Styrofoam.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high content, biodegradable, steam exploded biomass block-graft copolymer matrix compound comprises 10-90 parts by weight of steam exploded biomass; 0-90 parts by weight of a binder comprising starch, a water-soluble or water-dispersive thermoplastic resin and a water-soluble or water-dispersive heat-gelling agent; 0-50 parts by weight of a functional additive; and 1-900 parts by weight of water. The composition is water-dispersed uniformly in slurry state. Preferably the length of fiber of the biomass is 0.1-5.0 mm and the density is 0.1-1.5 g/cm3. The heat explosion of biomass is carried out at a temperature of 100-250 degreesC and at a pressure of 5-25 atm for 1-10 min.
NOVELTY - A bioreactor having a separable filter is provided, therefore the filter can be easily separated from the bioreactor to be washed or exchanged.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The bioreactor having a separable filter comprises a reactor main body containing a bolt element(1) in its end; a cap(20) being combined with the bolt element(1) and having a connecting element(22) in its lower part; a filter(30) being installed between the bolt element(1) and the cap(20); and a cover(50) being installed on the top of the main body, in which the cover(50) has a female bolt element(51) being combined with a bolt element(4) in the upper part of the main body; the cap(20) has a groove(23) made from silicone in the outer circumference; and the filter(30) consists of a ring and a glass filter being installed within the ring.
NOVELTY - High efficiency wastewater treatment apparatus using both fixed and fluidizing microorganism media is provided. Fluidizing microorganism media is tied with nylon string, and sinker is connected to the end of the nylon string for fixation of the fluidizing microorganism media. Therefore, concentration of microorganism is maintained regularly, thereby stable treatment efficiency is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus includes the parts of a sedimentation tank(1) for storing wastewater; a reservoir(2) for controlling wastewater flow rate; a primary contact aeration tank(3) which is packed with a fixed microorganism media(7) for pre-treating wastewater aerobically; a secondary contact aeration tank(4) which is packed with the fixed microorganism media(7) for post-treating wastewater aerobically; a sedimentation tank(5) for settling sludge of wastewater; and an activated carbon filter(6) for removing organics remaining after biological treatment.
NOVELTY - Provided is a preparation method of polyhydroxy alkanoate (PHA) using fermentation liquid of food waste as a fermentation medium, thereby producing PHA such as poly-3-hydroxy butyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHB/V) cost effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The preparation method of PHA comprises the steps of: culturing a microorganism such as recombinant E. coli, or Alcaligenes sp. at 25-45 degreesC. and at pH 5.0-8.0 by fed-batch culture or batch culture, using a culture medium containing fermentation liquid of food waste; and obtaining PHA from the culture.
NOVELTY - Provided is a carbon dioxide absorber containing sodium carbonate as an active ingredient for controlling carbon dioxide absorption rate, which is suitable to a packing pouch for fermented food such as Kimchi, thick soybean paste mixed with red peppers, and teonjang.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon dioxide absorber comprises 20-99wt.% of sodium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, and zeolite. For the application as carbon dioxide adsorber in a packing pouch, the mixture of sodium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and zeolite is either packed in a film pouch or thermally molded into the shape or plate being mixed with plastics such as polystyrene, poly chlorinated vinyl or polyolefin wherein the total amount of the mixture of sodium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and zeolite is 5-30wt.% based on the weight of plastics used.
NOVELTY - Several cell units (24) comprising separators (21,22), oxidizing agent electrodes (9) and fuel electrodes (10) are laminated in order. The elastic repulsive force is produced in the lamination direction of cell units, by inserting an elastic element (23).    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Generates electricity efficiently, since the cell units are laminated effectively by using the elastic element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front and sectional views of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Oxidizing agent electrode (9)    Fuel electrode (10)    Separators (21,22)    Elastic element (23)    Cell unit (24)
NOVELTY - A spray nozzle (10) provided in a humidification container (3), sprays water to reformed gas passing inside the humidification container, and the reformed gas is supplied to a fuel cell stack.    USE - For solid polymer fuel cell (PEFC).    ADVANTAGE - Obtains humidified reformed gas satisfactorily without any pressure loss, by spraying water to the reformed gas. Improves waste-heat-recovery efficiency and electricity-generation efficiency at reduced power consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the reformed gas humidification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Humidification container (3)    Spray nozzle (10)
NOVELTY - A combustion chamber (4) provided adjacent to a fuel cell module (3) burns the remaining fuel (5) and oxidizing agent (6) received from fuel cell module. A reformer (1) installed inside combustion chamber outputs reformed gas of burnt fuel and oxidizing agent to fuel cell module.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables effective usage of the remainder fuel and oxidizing agent by installing the combustion chamber having reformer adjacent to fuel cell module, hence increases the energy efficiency of the fuel cell system. Provides a compact and inexpensive reformer and suppresses the carbon precipitate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformer (1)    Fuel cell module (3)    Combustion chamber (4)    Remainder fuel (5)    Oxidizing agent (6)
NOVELTY - The combustible gas processing system has dilute combustion equipment (16) for fuel gas which burns low concentration of combustible gas, electrical power generating gas (18) for generating electricity using the heat of combustion of equipment (16), and control unit (30) which acquires value relevant to amount of combustible gas.    USE - For processing the combustible gas such as biogas and biomass.    ADVANTAGE - A low concentration combustible gas generated from small gas combustible gas source is effectively processed and the global warming is effectively prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composition of combustible gas processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Supply apparatus (10)    Dilution combustion equipment (16)    Electric power generating device (18)    Gas sensors (20,22)    Control unit (30)    Storage battery (32)    Wind power generator (34)    Solar power generation equipment (36)
NOVELTY - An outerwall (4) of a combustion chamber (3) encloses the innerwall (2A) of a dry distillation chamber (2). An outer door (310) enables opening and closing of a window (300) of the outer wall.    USE - For carbonization of raw material e.g. organic waste, such as plant seed, waste paper, foodstuff residue, fiber waste, plastic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The operating conditions of the combustion chamber is checked, cleaned and repaired easily, by opening the outer door.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the carbonization furnace.    Dry distillation chamber (2)    Innerwall (2A)    Combustion chamber (3)    Outerwall (4)    Outer door (310)
NOVELTY - The carbonization gas formed in the dry distillation chamber (2) is passed through a gas pipe (5) to a combustion chamber (3) where the gas is burnt. The exhaust gas from combustion chamber is ejected through an exhaust port (8). The tip (W) of gas pipe has variable diameter.    USE - For carbonization of organic waste, such as plant seeds.    ADVANTAGE - Since the diameter of the tip of gas pipe is variable, the tip is enlargeable for larger amount of gas and reduceable for smaller amount of gas depending on the kind of raw material, and suitable combustion is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for carbonization furnace equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the carbonization furnace.    Dry distillation chamber (2)    Combustion chamber (3)    Gas pipe (5)    Exhaust port (8)    Tip (W)
NOVELTY - A process for preparing the functional foam plastic as immobilizing carrier for microbes used to treat sewage uses the polyurethane foam plastics/interpenetrating polyurethane foam plastics as mother boy and includes such steps as successively or respectively through cyanoethylation, amination, ammonolysis, condensation, and hydrolysis. Its advantages include reactivity, hydrophilicity, penetrability and high specific surface area, and carrier with space cantilever structure.
NOVELTY - Providing more efficient and cost-effective means for producing large quantities of hydrogen without the disadvantages of conventional technologies such as cost and high energy intensive processes.    USE - For producing hydrogen from fossil fuels such as natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is produced easily and inexpensively in large amounts, at low temperature. The water which is used as starting material, reduces cost of starting material. The generation of undesirable by-products during the production of hydrogen, is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A feed stream comprising water is contacted with at least one proton conducting membrane. The proton conducting membrane is adapted to catalyze the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, and to separate hydrogen from oxygen. The water is split into hydrogen and oxygen at preset temperature, and the hydrogen is separated from the oxygen.
NOVELTY - The piping structure of the fuel cell is arranged such that the height position of penetration manifold (29) is higher than that of anode and cathode gas pipelines (31).    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents transfer of piping from the gas passage and flooding.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of case piping of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Penetration manifold (29)    Gas pipeline (31)
NOVELTY - A porous bead (1) is mixed with organic waste liquid (2) and aerated. Oxidation of the organic substance is performed and the organic substance is decomposed by microorganisms to produce treated water (3). The beads are separated from treated water and are made to support a fertilizer component and used as culture medium for plant cultivation.    USE - For processing organic waste liquid such as domestic waste, livestock excrement, and methane digestive waste liquor using the process liquid for cultivation of fungi (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The surplus sludge is effectively used as fertilizer after processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process drawing of the processing method of organic waste liquid. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Bead (1)    Organic waste liquid (2)    Treated water (3)
NOVELTY - An inorganic porous substance (3) is mixed with organic waste (1). The formed mixture is supplied to a methane fermentation tank (6) in which dry-type methane fermentation is carried out.    USE - For fermentation of organic waste generated from stock raising industry, foodstuff industry and paper industry.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively performs methane fermentation of organic waste for prolonged period, and prevents methane fermentation inhibition by ammonia.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows dry-type methane fermentation method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic waste (1)    Inorganic porous substance (3)    Steam (4)    Dry-type methane fermentation tank (6)    Surplus sludge (8)    Return sludge (9)
NOVELTY - Providing a CO concentration reducing device.    USE - The CO concentration reducing device is used for the reformed gas supplying device for the fuel cell and finds its application in reducing CO concentration in the fuel reformed gas supplied to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Gradually elevating the active temperature as the CO concentration catalyst is kept away from the adjacent coolant passing portion does not reduce the effectiveness of the CO concentration reducing catalyst. The CO concentration reducing device selectively oxidizes and removes CO in hydrogen gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The active temperature of the CO concentration-reducing catalyst is gradually elevated as the CO concentration reducing catalyst is kept away from the adjacent coolant passing portion.
NOVELTY - A waterproof degradation prevention layer containing electroconductive carbon material, is formed between a gaseous diffusion layer and a catalyst layer after performing water-repellent processing of diffusion layer of any one of the electrodes.    USE - Polyelectrolyte type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Durable fuel cell with excellent performance is obtained, as the deterioration of waterproof property is prevented.
NOVELTY - The carbonization time of a furnace (7) comprising a cylindrical rotary kiln (32) is set depending on the number of turns of spiral trap (38) and revolution of the rotary kiln. A vertical trap is between the spiral traps, to reverse the stirring of raw material along kiln axis through a ramp at the end of the vertical trap.    USE - For carbonizing organic waste, such as from poultry, beer production, coffee and tea leaves processing plant.    ADVANTAGE - Uniform carbonization time can be managed, due to constant speed rotation of kiln and effective reversed stirring of raw material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for carbonization processing facility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline of the above carbonization equipment.    Furnace (7)    Rotary kiln (32)    Spiral trap (38)
NOVELTY - A catalyst container (3a) of a denaturation unit (3) comprises a catalyst and metallic oxide of noble metal group. Hydrogen gas which contains carbon monoxide and water vapor is supplied to the denaturation unit from a reformation unit (1) along with oxidizing gas supplied from an air feed zone (8).    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen with low concentration carbon monoxide is supplied stably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the blocks of hydrogen generation equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformation unit (1)    Denaturation unit (3)    Catalyst container (3a)    Air feed zone (8)
NOVELTY - A gas-making equipment has a reactor (1) having flow path (2) for gas reacting substance, a catalyst (4) arranged in the flow path, an electrode (I) (3) and an electrode (II) (5). A voltage is impressed between the electrodes (I) and (II) and a low-temperature plasma is produced in the surface vicinity of the catalyst. The plasma produced excites the gas reacting substance.    USE - For synthesizing methane, paraffin, olefin, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, hydrogen and ammonia. The gas making equipment forms a main component of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The energy supplied to the gas-making equipment for advancing reacting during production of product, is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a gas-making method which involves exciting the gas reacting substance using low-temperature plasma, reacting the catalyst and the gas reacting substance and producing a product.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the gas-making device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reactor (1)    Flow path (2)    Electrode (I) (3)    Catalyst (4)    Electrode (II) (5)
NOVELTY - A microorganism contains filamentous fungi belonging to Penicillium of LM12 (FERM P-18194) strain.    USE - For treating low waste water from home and industries containing human waste, sewage and dye which are difficult to decompose.    ADVANTAGE - The novel microbe effectively treats the difficult to decompose substance in the waste water. The waste water treatment method is inexpensive and reliable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for lower waste water treatment method which involves cultivating filamentous fungi belonging to Penicillium of LM12 (FERM P-18194) strain in a reaction vessel, introducing lower waste water into the vessel and decomposing substance which are resistant to decomposition.
NOVELTY - Soil purification process using microorganism, comprising removing organic substances from soil (1), is new. Interstitial water is removed from the soil. Substances that inhibit the removal of organic substances from the soil are absorbed from the soil using an absorbent (52), during the absorption of water. The water absorbed by the absorbent is again supplied to the soil for purification.    USE - For soil purification (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The purification process is uniform. Activity of the soil purification microorganism is activated as the organic substances are removed from the soil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows soil purification process.    Soil for purification (1)    Absorbent (52).
NOVELTY - Composition packaged in an aerosol device comprises a propellant and a liquid phase containing solid particles with a barium sulfate content of at least 10 wt.% and a number-average particle size of 2 nm to 1 mum.    USE - The composition is useful for hair treatment, especially styling.    ADVANTAGE - Hair treated with the composition is easy to style and restyle without being sticky.
NOVELTY - The vessel (10) has a lower closure section (16). At the base, a grate (14) supports a bed of burning fuel, e.g. coal. A gas outlet (24) is connected to the space between grate and base.    USE - For gasification of organic materials, especially horse manure.    ADVANTAGE - Low cost, environmentally-friendly disposal is achieved, thus replacing use on the ground as fertilizer. Manure is fed into the top of the vessel, effectively sealing the material below and preventing emissions. The hot bed carbonizes the manure, as a result of the restricted and localized air supply, which only burns the coal. Useful gas is produced for heating, or to drive an engine. The plate closure is subsequently opened to remove ashes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: Below the grate there is an air supply (26) with a horizontal inlet pipe (28). This branches off at right angles into a number of horizontal pipe sections (32) with air outlet openings. The inlet pipe extends diagonally through the vessel cross section and has pipes extending away from both sides. The pipe sections are evenly-spaced and end close to the wall, for uniform air distribution over the vessel cross section. The vessel is polygonal or cylindrical. The base is hopper-sided, and has an opening (18) sealed by a plate (20). The hopper is surrounded by the lower part of the wall (12), the opening (18) being in the plane of its (12) lower edge. The container stands on supports at the lower edge of the wall    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A vertical cross section of the above gasifier is shown.    vessel (10)    wall (12)    grate (14)    lower closure section (16)    opening (18)    plate (20)    gas outlet (24)    air supply (26)    horizontal inlet pipe (28)    horizontal pipe sections (32)
NOVELTY - Reformer (10) is divided into a pre-mixing chamber (12) with a fuel inlet (16) and an oxidant inlet (17) and a reaction chamber (13) with a gas outlet (20).    USE - Reformer for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer has safe operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: A flame guard (18) protrudes into the pre-mixing chamber. A further flame guard (19) protrudes into the reaction chamber. Both chambers are surrounded by a common housing (14). The flame guards are NiCr-Ni thermocouples or type-K thermocouples.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal section through the reformer.    reformer (10)    pre-mixing chamber (12)    reaction chamber (13)    housing (14)    fuel inlet (16)    oxidant inlet (17)    flame guards (18, 19)
NOVELTY - A pulping technology features that a lignin-degrading microbe is used to properly degrade the lignin contained in raw material for making paper in order to retain cellulose components and the pulp is ground mechanically. Its advantages include no need of chemical reagent (such as sodium hydroxide, sulfates, or sulfites), black liquid treatment and recovering alkali.
NOVELTY - Under the case of MAPD concentration higher than 2.5%, the novel process uses mode of propane circulation to one-stage reactor inlet inside propylene rectifying tower.    USE - Selective liquid-phase carbon-3 hydrogenation and de-alkylation process with propane circulation.    ADVANTAGE - Compared with available one-stage bed product circulation mode, the present invention has higher propylene yield.
NOVELTY - Apparatus for biodegrading biomass, e.g. grass, has shafts (6, 15) fitted with swiveling plates (7) or rakes for adding or removing the material. A mat (4) at the base absorbs liquid and distributes recycled gas.    USE - Biodegrading biomass, e.g. grass.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the apparatus, in cross-section.    Mat (4)    Shafts (6, 15)    Swiveling plate (7)    Stirrer (9, 10)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system (100) for generating electrical power comprises an open-ended tubular solid oxide fuel cell, a first fuel injector tube extending from a first fuel plenum chamber through one open end of the fuel cell, and a second fuel injector tube extending from a second fuel plenum chamber through another open end of the fuel cell. The first and second fuel injector tubes form a gap within the fuel cell from which a hydrogen-containing fuel gas may flow towards the open ends of the fuel cell. Further related systems and methods are also disclosed.    USE - Horizontal fuel cell stack designs for tubular solid oxide fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Solid oxide fuel cells can be made less expensively than other kinds of fuel cells, and thus have particular potential for facilitating distributed power generation. They are also easy to fabricate, reliable and are able to form series and parallel electrical connections.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is made for the method of forming a seal around a tubular solid oxide fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a dual injector tubular fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (100)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell assembly (31) includes a membrane electrode assembly (33), an anode plate (37), a cathode plate (38), a removable fuel cartridge (39), and a fuel delivery system (40). The assembly further includes an anode (49), cathode (50), and a polymer electrolyte membrane (53) having a fuel side and an oxygen side.    USE - Removable fuel cartridge for a direct methanol fuel cell assembly for portable electronic devices and interface, control, and regulator circuit for fuel-cell powered electronic devices, such as mobile phones, ;ersonal digital assistant (PDA).    ADVANTAGE - Provides a compact fuel cell for mobile telephones which can be quickly refuelled thus alleviating the need of lengthy periods of time required to recharge batteries. The fuel cell assembly can also be refuelled with replaceable fuel cartridges which maintain a positive pressure of fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cartridge includes an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel, an expandable pressure member in contact with the bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on the bladder, and a sealable exit port in fluid communication with the bladder. The fuel delivery system delivers fuel from the cartridge to the fuel side of the membrane. An Interface, Control, and Regulator Circuit for Fuel Cell Powered Electronic Device. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are made for: a) fuel cell assembly for a portable electronic device; b) a power pack specifically adapted to replace a battery for a cellular phone; c) a direct methanol fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded front perspective view of the fuel cell assembly.    Fuel cell assembly (31)    Membrane electrode assembly (33)    Anode plate (37)    Cathode plate (38)    Removable fuel cartridge (39)    Fuel delivery system (40)    Anode (49)    Cathode (50)    Polymer electrolyte membrane (53)
NOVELTY - Cylindrical water vapor reforming unit comprises first, second and third cylinders in increasing diameters arranged concentrically, a radiation cylinder in the first cylinder, a burner inside the radiation cylinder in the central part along the diameter direction of the radiation cylinder, and modifying catalyst between the first and second cylinders.    USE - Used for solid polymer fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The device is small in size and has shortened start up time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Cylindrical water vapor reforming unit comprises first, second and third cylinders in increasing diameters arranged concentrically, a radiation cylinder in the first cylinder, a burner inside the radiation cylinder in the central part along the diameter direction of the radiation cylinder, and modifying catalyst between the first and second cylinders. Catalysts producing carbon monoxide and removing carbon monoxide are located between the second and the third cylinders and outside the periphery of the modifying catalyst. Carbon monoxide forming catalyst layer is rotating at the opposite direction of the passage along the axis of the modifying catalyst layer.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a similar modifier wherein the carbon monoxide forming catalyst is formed via a layer of heat recycling layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the water vapor reforming unit (drawing contains non-English language text).    First cylinder (1)    Second cylinder (2)    Third cylinder (3)    Radiation cylinder (4)    Pre-heating device (14)    Modifying catalyst (15)    CO-forming catalyst layer (16)    CO-removing catalyst layer (19)    Heat conducting pipe (26)    Heat insulating material (34)
NOVELTY - Synthesis gas is contacted with catalyst suspended in a liquid medium in a reactor system comprising high shear mixing zone(s) and reactor vessel. The synthesis gas is broken into bubbles and/or irregularly shaped voids by passing the suspension and synthesis gas through the mixing zone. The suspension is discharged into a reactor vessel, liquid coolant is added and hydrocarbon is produced.    USE - Converting synthesis gas to hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature in the reactor vessel is precisely controlled by the addition of liquid coolant, and hence the product selectivity is controlled effectively and production of gaseous byproduct is minimized. The heat transfer and mass transfer of gas into the liquid phase of the suspension are improved due to the transient nature of the irregularly shaped voids.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A synthesis gas and suspension are contacted, at elevated temperature and pressure, in a reactor system comprising high shear mixing zone(s) and a reactor vessel. The suspension comprises a particulate Fischer-Tropsch catalyst suspended in a liquid medium. The synthesis gas is broken into gas bubbles and/or irregularly shaped voids by passing the suspension and the synthesis gas through the mixing zone. The suspension is discharged into the reactor vessel, liquid coolant is added and hydrocarbon is produced. A portion of the hydrocarbon is liquid at ambient temperature and pressure.
NOVELTY - A synthesis gas feed stream comprising 0.1-50 volume% of carbon dioxide is continuously introduced into a stirred reaction system. The reaction system comprises a vessel containing a solid particulate Fischer-Tropsch catalyst suspended in a liquid medium. The catalyst is stable in presence of carbon dioxide.    USE - Converting synthesis gas to higher hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - A hydrocarbon mixture having broad molecular weight distribution is obtained easily and efficiently. The hydrocarbon in liquid form is continuously withdrawn from the reactor system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A synthesis gas feed stream comprising 0.1-50 volume% of carbon dioxide is continuously introduced into a continuously stirred reaction system. The reaction system comprises a reactor vessel containing a suspension of solid particulate Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, suspended in a liquid medium. The solid particulate Fischer-Tropsch catalyst is stable in the presence of carbon dioxide. The synthesis gas is converted to higher hydrocarbon at elevated temperature and pressure.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for conversion of natural gas into higher hydrocarbons, involving reacting natural gas with steam and optionally oxygen in at least one reforming zone to produce synthesis gas comprising carbon dioxide. The gas stream is fed into the reactor system without separating the carbon dioxide.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen-enriched reformate generating reactor (10) preheats hydrocarbon feedstock and the gas containing oxygen by conductively traversing heat through the corresponding coaxially arranged zones (28,48).    USE - Generating hydrogen-enriched reformate used in vehicle (fuel cell), stationary facility e.g. home or business, for portable electric power supply etc.    ADVANTAGE - As the zones are coaxially arranged, the reactants and the processed streams flow cooperatively. The hydrocarbon feedstock and the gas are preheated with improved efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the hydrocarbon reforming method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side cross-sectional view of the reactor.    Reactor (10)    Heating zones (28, 48)
NOVELTY - A composter includes a bottom having elevations with specified heights and openings with specified surface areas surrounded by a sealing rim. The walls comprise protrusions (25), and the composter comprises an inner container (15) having an inner cover and a sieve portion (2).    USE - Used for composting organic waste (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows a rapid composting of organic waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composter comprises a bottom (12), a wall (1), and a cover (6). The bottom has openings for passage of composting air and separated water, and the cover and/or the wall has openings for passage of composting air (30). The bottom comprises elevations with heights of 10-50 mm and openings with surface areas of 50-500 mm2 to pass composting air. The bottom of these elevations and openings are surrounded by a sealing rim. The walls comprise protrusions and recesses with depths of 10-50 mm. The composter comprises an inner container having an inner cover and a sieve portion which extends to the bottom portion (14) and wall portion (17) of the inner container. The inner container is adjusted within the composter to be supported by the upper surfaces (25y) of the protrusions of the walls and the sealing rim of the bottom to pass composting air via the sieve portion of the inner container to the recesses of the wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a three-dimensional explosion view of the composter.    Wall (1)    Inner surface (1s)    Sieve portion (2)    Lower container (3)    Cover (6)    Filter (8)    Drainage opening(s) (9)    Orifice(s) (11)    Bottom (12)    Bottom portion (14)    Inner container (15)    Wall portion (17)    Protrusions (25)    Upper surfaces (25y)    Composting air (30)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises particles obtained by dispersing metal and promoter on a support. The metal is an efficient carbon monoxide adsorber. The catalyst particles have smooth, homogeneous surface morphology, and BET surface area of 100-250 m2/g. The crystallite size of the metal oxide is 40-200 Angstrom.    USE - Catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch process.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high surface area, smooth, homogeneous surface morphology, uniform distribution of cobalt throughout the support and a small metal crystallite size.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparation of the cobalt catalyst.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (10) comprises an anode (20), a cathode (14) and a liquid fuel composition (24). The liquid fuel composition comprises a primary fuel containing surface active compound(s) and an auxiliary fuel containing compound(s) with a standard reduction potential more negative than the reduction potential of hydrogen gas.    USE - For generating electricity (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell has stable fuel composition and improved performance. The presence of the auxiliary fuel increases the rate of catalytic oxidation of the primary fuel. The primary fuel oxidation products such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are effectively removed from the anode catalytic sites by the oxidation of the auxiliary fuel. Thus the combination of primary and auxiliary fuel has a synergistic effect on catalytic oxidation in the fuel cell using the fuel composition. The addition of the electrolytic liquid has a positive effect on ion mobility within the anolyte fuel and helps to ensure the stability of the auxiliary fuel component.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method for generating electricity which involves providing a fuel cell containing cathode and anode, providing the fuel composition, providing a circuit connecting the cathode and anode, and contacting the fuel composition with the anode to oxidize the composition; and    (2) a liquid fuel composition for use in electrochemical fuel cell, comprises the primary fuel and the auxiliary fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell where the fuel composition is supplied as an anolyte.    Fuel cell (10)    Cathode (14)    Anode (20)    Liquid fuel composition (24)
NOVELTY - Producing hydrogen from a gas containing carbon monoxide derived from reforming without employing a hydrogen permeable membrane.    USE - Used in the internal combustion engines of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The process enables the separation of hydrogen from a gas mixture containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide by catalytic reforming without employing a hydrogen permeable membrane, reducing the cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A vapor containing heterocyclic compounds and water vapor is catalytically reformed to obtain a gas mixture containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which is steam shifted to convert the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The heterocyclic compounds and water are vaporized, after which the gas containing hydrogen and remaining carbon monoxide is dissolved in a suitable solvent to separate hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram explaining hydrogen production.
NOVELTY - The cell has a solid electrolyte placed between a cathode and an anode. A separator (6) contacts the surface of one of the electrodes, opposing the electrolyte. The electrodes have variable cross-section micro-channel patterns (26) to control the flow distribution and pressure drop of a reactant gas.    USE - Used as a solid electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The reactant flow and pressure distribution are customized and controlled through the micro-channel design, thus reactant distribution to the cell is improved. The overall cell reactant balance improves volumetric power density and efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the plan view of the enhanced flow micro-channel pattern.    Separator (6)    Micro-channel patterns (26)
NOVELTY - A biological deodorizing system for treating odor and volatile organic compounds is provided, which is characterized in that one biological reactor is divided into several chambers, and each chamber is packed with various type of media, thus can control resident time without channeling and partial moisture depletion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises an inlet(1) through which contaminated gas is introduced into biological deodorizing system; an outlet(2) through which biologically deodorized gas is vented to atmosphere; plural panels(3) which divide reactor into several chambers so that retention time of introduced gas is controlled according to flow rate and concentration; plural sample ports(4) installed at upper side of the system for sampling; a device for supplying water to microorganism; plural drain valve(6) through which water sprayed from above water supplying device is drained; plural chambers(8) in which various media are packed. This biological deodorizing system is characterized in that it is possible to meet with fluctuations in flow rate and concentration of contaminated gas by control of screen height.
NOVELTY - A method for removing gases containing hydrogen sulfide using aqueous catalysts of Fe-chelate is provided, in which catalyst degradation is solved by introducing regeneration technology of reduced aqueous catalysts of Fe-chelate using iron oxidizing microorganism, a grafting of chemical reaction and biological reaction, thus enabling the catalyst to be used almost semi-permanently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises a following steps: (i) remove hydrogen sulfide by feeding aqueous catalysts of Fe-chelate to absorbing tower to which hydrogen sulfide containing gas is fed thus being brought into contact with the hydrogen sulfide containing gas to oxidize hydrogen sulfide to elementary sulfur slurry and to reduce iron oxide ion of aqueous catalysts of Fe-chelate to reduced iron; (ii) separate elementary sulfur slurry and reduced iron solution by a separator before discharging mixture of elementary sulfur and reduced iron from absorber; and (iii) regenerate the separated aqueous catalysts of Fe-chelate into iron oxide solution by using such iron oxidizing microorganisms as Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (ATCC 198591), Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (ATCC 232070) and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (ATCC 13728) and feed again it to absorber into which hydrogen sulfide containing gas is introduced.
NOVELTY - Provided is a fuel cell system for automobile, which allows the storage of high pressure hydrogen when it is unused, and thus has increased fuel efficiency and stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell system for automobile comprises a tank(21) for liquefied hydrogen which is installed in automobile and has stored, liquefied hydrogen therein; a fuel cell stack(23) which receives hydrogen through fuel line connected with the tank for liquefied hydrogen and generates an electricity; and a metallic alloy for hydrogen storage(24), which is installed on either side of the fuel line, stores high pressure hydrogen discharged from the tank for liquefied hydrogen, and supplies hydrogen by the fuel line.
NOVELTY - The flow control valve has a hole (25) connecting the side walls of the valve section (21) provided at the end of shaft (20). A valve seat (40) blocks the circumference of valve hole (10) in the closed condition of valve by the rectilinear movement of shaft. A gas of constant flow rate is passed through the hole (25), when the valve section is raised to a predetermined distance from the closed position.    USE - For table stove, fuel cell, etc., using LPG, natural gas, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The flow control of gaseous fuel is stabilized using a simple and cheap valve structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the flow control valve. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Valve hole (10)    Shaft (20)    Valve section (21)    Hole (25)    Valve seat (40)
NOVELTY - The vaporization heat exchanger (31) has a partition plate that divides the inside of a header (33) into number of dens having small-diametral pipe outlet holes (41). The header is filled with a liquid fuel (46) without the reduction of a high internal pressure. The liquid fuel in the header is supplied to the vaporization flow paths (35) of a heat-exchanger core via the pipe outlet holes.    USE - For fuel-cell electric power generation system of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents abnormal overheating causing burning of fuel-cell electric power generation system of vehicle when vehicle inclines during running.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of vaporization heat exchanger. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Vaporization heat exchanger (31)    Header (33)    Vaporization flow paths (35)    Pipe outlet holes (41)    Liquid fuel (46)
NOVELTY - A vehicle-mounted navigation device (7) displays the route to nearest hydrogen station (1) where hydrogen is manufactured and stored for transmitting hydrogen request to respective hydrogen station through mobile communication apparatus (6) after grasping usage situation of hydrogen station. A reformer (2) at the hydrogen station is driven based on the received request.    USE - Motor vehicle which uses hydrogen as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy supply of hydrogen to vehicle within short period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the entire structure of hydrogen station usage management apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen station (1)    Reformer (2)    Mobile communication apparatus (6)    Vehicle-mounted navigation device (7)
NOVELTY - A biogas feed pipe (9) is connected to an inlet pipe (8) of a diesel engine (1), to supply mixture of air and biogas to combustion chamber of the diesel engine.    USE - For operating generator, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids need for a separate biogas spraying apparatus by using feed pipe connected to inlet pipe of the engine. Improves running efficiency of engine by providing dual fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram a dual fuel engine.    Diesel engine (1)    Inlet pipe (8)    Biogas feed pipe (9)
NOVELTY - The humidification module (12) has several hollow fiber membranes (P) set around an internal pipe (16) which has a flow path to pass warm fluid fed from an inlet of one end into the membranes from an outlet (27) to exchange the water between the warm fluid and another fluid fed from an inlet (23) of one end to an outlet of the other end outside the internal pipe.    USE - For humidifying fluid of low humidity by promoting exchange of water content between two fluids in fluid cell system, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The heat calories contained in warm fluid which is at a relatively high temperature between two fluids can be retained and utilized effectively, since the warm fluid is fed from the interior of internal pipe into several hollow fiber membranes set around the internal pipe while the other fluid is passed through the membranes from outside the internal pipe. The humidification efficiency can be improved, since humidification module can be maintained at high temperature. The electricity generation efficiency can be improved, when applying to fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the humidification module.    Humidification module (12)    Internal pipe (16)    Inlet (23)    Outlet (27)    Hollow fiber membranes (P)
NOVELTY - A partition (17) separates hollow-fiber membranes (P1,P2). Humidification gas (MG) supplied from center of the module passes through holes (31) in partition. Air (Ad) and hydrogen gas (Hd) flowing through the respective hollow fiber membrane are humidified by exchanging water content between air, hydrogen gas and humidification gas.    USE - Humidification module for solid electrolyte fuel cell is electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the humidification efficiency by reducing the calorie released from the module, thereby improving the electricity-generation efficiency of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the humidification device.    Air (Ad)    Hollow-fiber membranes (P1,P2)    Hydrogen gas (Hd)    Humidification gas (MG)    Partition (17)    Hole (31)
NOVELTY - Mercaptans in natural gas are converted to hydrogen sulfide. Subsequently, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide gas in natural gas are absorbed and thus removed, by chemical absorption using aqueous amine solution. Steam or water is injected into absorbed hydrogen sulfide at ratio of 0.1-5 mol% at 260-350 degreesC under a pressure of 4-10 MPa in the presence of a catalyst, to recover sulfur.    USE - For removing sulfur from natural gas produced from a subterranean gas field.    ADVANTAGE - Total sulfur compound in the natural gas is removed simply and inexpensively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the typical example of process flow of a method of removal of sulfur compounds from natural gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A humidifier (40) supplies water vapor contained in an exhaust gas ejected from a fuel cell, to an original fuel so as to generate a raw material gas. A modifier (31) generates hydrogen by performing water vapor modification reaction on the raw material gas. A combustor (34) supplies necessary heat for the reaction in the modifier.    USE - In fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Since the humidifier supplies water vapor contained in the exhaust gas to the modifier, the need for supplying heat to the modifier is eliminated, hence the energy consumption is reduced, thereby enhancing processing efficiency of the reformer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (31)    Combustor (34)    Humidifier (40)
NOVELTY - A wire net (9) supported by a heat conductor is between a gas filter (8) and a semiconductor-type detector (5) placed over a heater (6) on a substrate (4). A void (G) is between the gas filter and the wire net.    USE - Gas sensor, such as semiconductor-type/contact-combustion type gas sensor, used in domestic gas leakage alarm unit for methane detection.    ADVANTAGE - By using a gas filter, poisoning objects, such as hydrogen sulfide can be easily absorbed. Hence, the presence of gas is detected at high speed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the gas filter used as above.    Substrate (4)    Semiconductor-type detector (5)    Heater (6)    Gas filter (8)    Wire net (9)    Void (G)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen rich reformed gas obtained after reforming hydrocarbon gas is passed through a carbon monoxide transformer to remove carbon monoxide. A carbon dioxide absorber is arranged in the front stage of the transformer to remove carbon dioxide.    USE - For removing carbon monoxide in high purity hydrogen producing system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - By removing carbon dioxide before the gas is passed through the carbon monoxide transformer, the carbon monoxide can be removed effectively. Hence hydrogen gas with increased purity is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for high purity hydrogen producing system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow process illustrating the carbon monoxide rejection procedure. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Water vapor is added to a de-sulfured heavy hydrocarbon fuel e.g. kerosene, and a steam reforming process is performed to decompose the hydrocarbon fuel. The gases decomposed from the fuel undergo oxidation and hydrogen, is extracted.    USE - For producing high purity hydrogen used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Easily and reliably produces high purity hydrogen by oxidizing the gases decomposed from the fuel. Controls cost of fuel cell's electrode, as impurities such as carbon monoxide are not contained in the hydrogen produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for high purity hydrogen producing equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hydrogen producing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The equipment (300a) heats a modifier (200) by burning an unreacted hydrogen rich exhaust gas emitted from a fuel cell as a part or all of a heating gas. The heat transfer structures (2,5) are provided to heat the heating gas before burning with the combustion heat of a flame formed by burning the heating gas by carrying out a heat transfer.    USE - For performing the combustion of unreacted hydrogen rich exhaust gas from a fuel cell to heat the modifier of an electricity generation system, a cogeneration thermoelectric joint supply system, etc. using a fuel cell in order to heat the modification catalyst of the modified.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of dewing formation inside a burner device can be prevented and the fear of a route occlusion can be eliminated even if a heating gas introduced into the burner device contains a lot of water-vapor, since the heating gas before burning is heated by the combustion heat of a flame formed by burning the heating gas. A fixed combustion condition can be maintained and the variation of combustion with respect to a modification catalyst of a modifier can be eliminated. An uniform combustion can be maintained and the supply of a reformed gas with respect to a fuel cell can be maintained uniformly. The running condition of a fuel cell system can be maintained in a preset condition uniformly. Saves energy and an obtains increase in heat usage efficiency by using the combustion heat of the burner equipment itself to produce such an effect.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the burner equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat transfer structures (2,5)    Modifier (200)    Burner equipment (300a)
NOVELTY - Several through holes (49) are formed between the boards (46) provided in the concave portion (44) of the lower metal plate (42) so that the lower end of through holes is connected to the upper portion of the flow path in the heat exchanger tubes. The fluid distribution path (50) is formed between the upper metal plate (41) and lower metal plate.    USE - Used for heating and evaporating liquid mixture such as methanol and water in the fuel reformer including fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables favorable heat exchanging performance in a short time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of fluid distributing unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Upper metal plate (41)    Lower metal plate (42)    Concave portion (44)    Boards (46)    Holes (49)    Fluid distribution path (50)
NOVELTY - The burner (300) has an air chamber (12) between an outer cylinder (23) and a cover (4). A heating gas is supplied to a shunt pipe (8) from a fuel cell. A space where heating gas and air are premixed is divided into light and dark mixing chambers (10a,10b and 11). The light and the dark mixed gas are supplied respectively to internal circumference and periphery side parts of a burner port.    USE - Used for heating catalyst in modifier of fuel cell type electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures heating of modification catalyst to more extensive temperature range. Improves heating efficiency by increasing combustion efficiency. Avoids adherence of soot in case the system is of a diffusive burning type. Avoids overheating of burner elements such as burner port by quickly transferring heat from burner plate to case by the cooling effect of air in air chamber or by a burner case which serves as a heat transfer member.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section of the burner for modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cover (4)    Shunt pipe (8)    Light (10a,10b)    Dark (11)    Air chamber (12)    Outer cylinder (23)    Burner (300)
NOVELTY - A fluid distribution plate (19a) is inserted and welded to an upper opening of a side plate (34a) of a core (15a). The both sides of the core is attached with several heat exchanger tube elements (13) and side plates (34a,34b).    USE - For heating liquid mixture of methanol and water in fuel cell for production of hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The structure is inexpensive. The core is easily attached with a fluid distribution plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat exchanger tube elements with outer fins, are joined by brazing. A dispersion flow path is provided in the lower portion of the fluid distribution plate. A main case with protrusion, is provided on the periphery of the core and another secondary case is provided to the reverse side of the core. The cases are coupled through protrusion. A shock absorbent with heat resistance, is provided between the inner face of secondary case and outside face of the core, in elastically compressed condition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the core before connecting the fluid distribution plate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat exchanger tube elements (13)    Core (15a)    Fluid distribution plate (19)    Side plates (34a,34b)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion-discharging equipment (1) has a pressure container (2) made of iron-type metal, aluminum group metal, titanium group metal, polyimide resin, fluororesin, polycarbonate resin, pressure-withstanding glass, carbon fiber, and/or ceramic.    USE - For releasing hydrogen while making hydrogen occlusion material, such as hydrogen occlusion alloy and carbonaceous material.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occlusion-discharging equipment efficiently releases hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of a hydrogen occlusion-discharging apparatus.    Hydrogen occlusion-discharging equipment (1)    Pressure container (2)    Inner surface (2a)    Base (2b)    Cartridge (3)    Leg portion (6)    Change valve (I) (13)    Hydrogen gas supply source (14)    Change valve (II) (15)
NOVELTY - A current limiter compares target and upper limit currents calculated based on requested load current and cell operating state respectively. The limiter limits the cell output current and corrects target current to be equal to or smaller than upper limit, when a malfunction is detected in cell operating state and the target current exceeds upper limit. The supply of reactive gases is increased to discharge the water trapped in cell.    USE - Fuel cell power supply device for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables quick discharge of water trapped in fuel cell, thereby recovers the fuel cell back to normal state.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell power supply device controller.
NOVELTY - An alpha-alumina formed body is produced by calcining a gibbsite-phase aluminum hydroxide controlled in median particle size and in packed bulk density to obtain partially rehydratable alumina powder; forming the alumina powder in the presence of water to obtain a formed body, which is maintained in the presence of water at 100-200 degreesC; and calcining the obtained rehydrated body at at least 1200 degreesC.    USE - The method is for producing alpha-alumina formed body used as carrier supporting catalyst, chemicals, or microbes for leftover disposal (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method provides a high-strength alpha-alumina formed body with controlled pore distribution, in an easy and inexpensive manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a carrier for supporting catalysts, chemicals or microbes for food leftover disposal comprising the above alpha-alumina formed body.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows pore distributions of alpha-alumina formed bodies.
NOVELTY - An anode side has an inlet (3.2) into a fuel cell unit for a hydrogen-rich gas and an outlet (3.1) for anode exhaust gas. A cathode side has an inlet (4.1) into the fuel cell unit for oxygen-rich gas and an outlet (4.2). A pressure regulator (1) has a membrane (5) to separate the pressure regulator into anode (6) and cathode (7) areas while affected by pressure from both sides.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The membrane links to adjusting devices (8,9) for adjusting a preset pressure on the anode and/or cathode sides.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a basic cross-section diagram of the present invention.    Inlet for a hydrogen-rich gas (3.2)    Outlet for anode exhaust gas (3.1)    Inlet for oxygen-rich gas (4.1)    Outlet for cathode (4.2)    Pressure regulator (1)    Membrane (5)    Anode area (6)    Cathode area (7)    Adjusting devices (8,9)
NOVELTY - Providing a process for rejecting nitrogen from a feed gas stream.    USE - For rejecting nitrogen from a feed gas stream comprising methane and nitrogen to form a methane product.    ADVANTAGE - The invention separates feed gas mixture with reduced thermodynamic efficiency and has no reboiling of this fraction in the higher pressure rectification column. It also improves product recovery and/or revives the pressure at which the product is taken.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Rejection of nitrogen from a feed gas stream comprising methane and nitrogen to form a methane product, involves cooling the feed gas stream in a main heat exchanger (4); rectifying the cooled feed gas stream in a double rectification column (12) comprising higher and lower pressure rectification columns (14, 16), and a condenser-reboiler; placing the higher pressure rectification column in heat exchange relationship with the lower pressure rectification column; recycling a flow of gas from the lower pressure rectification column; withdrawing a product methane stream; and vaporizing the liquid product methane stream at least partly in the main heat exchanger. A first part of the recycled gas flow is compressed, cooled, liquefied in the condenser-reboiler and introduced at least in part into the higher pressure rectification column. A second part of the recycled gas flow is compressed, cooled, and introduced into the double rectification column in liquid state. It is liquefied in the main heat exchanger or by expansion. At least part of the cooling of both parts of the recycled gas is performed in the main heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the method of rejecting nitrogen from feed gas stream.    Main heat exchanger (4)    Double rectification column (12)    Higher and lower pressure rectification columns (14, 16)    Compressor (48)
NOVELTY - A gas supply control unit compares a target amount of electric energy generated by a fuel cell depending on the electric energy requested by a load connected to the cell with actual amount of energy generated by the cell, and performs gas supply control process using the actual amount of electric energy as target amount when the actual amount is greater than the target amount.    USE - Fuel cell power supply device for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the gas supply control unit performs gas supply control process using the actual amount of electric energy as the target amount when the actual amount is greater than target amount, the amount of reactive gases supplied to the fuel cell is quickly increased, thus preventing the fuel cell from running short of reactive gases.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell power supply device.
NOVELTY - Device for allothermic steam reforming comprises an allothermic reformer (1) operating at a temperature of 400-600 degreesC to convert hydrocarbon gas and water into hydrogen and further reformer products, such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; and a gas burner (6) for reducing the carbon monoxide amount connected to the reformer. The burner has a gas connection (7) which is connected to the burner for recycling non-converted hydrocarbon gas to the reformer and non-converted hydrogen to the burner.    USE - Used for operating a PEM fuel cell to supply current and heat in buildings.    ADVANTAGE - The device is compact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for allothermic steam reforming.    Preferred Features: A gas fine cleaning stage (5) is connected to a catalyst stage (23) for further conversion of carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device.    Reformer (1)    Gas fine cleaning stage (5)    Gas burner (6)    Gas connection (7)    Catalyst stage (23)
NOVELTY - The turbo-braking and air supply device has a displacement compressor (11) coupled to a drive shaft (24) preceded by a flow machine compressor (14), coupled via a shaft to a vario-turbine (9), with a short-circuit connection between the output of the displacement compressor and the input (3) of the vario-turbine via the environment of the fuel cell (10).    USE - The turbo-braking and air supply device is used for a fuel cell system combined with an electrical machine for providing mechanical work for mobile or stationary applications, e.g. for a commercial vehicle drive.    ADVANTAGE - The turbo-braking method provides a high braking load.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for a turbo-braking and air supply method for a fuel cell system for an electrical machine providing mechanical work is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a turbo-braking and air supply device for a fiuel cell system.    Input of vario-turbine (3)    Vario-turbine (9)    Fuel cell (10)    Displacement compressor (11)    Flow machine compressor (14)    Drive shaft (24)
NOVELTY - The system has a reformer, a fuel cell and a water recovery device (13) with an absorption refrigeration machine (14). The absorption refrigeration machine works in conjunction with a condensation cooler (15) while heat is fed into the absorption refrigeration machine. The condensation cooler is a heat exchanger for exhaust gas cooling connected on the output side to a water separator (16).    USE - For generating electricity, especially for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reliable and adequate water recovery in all operating states.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following: a water recovery method for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram representation of an inventive system    water recovery device (13)    absorption refrigeration machine (14)    condensation cooler (15)    water separator (16)
NOVELTY - An arrangement to regenerate a fuel cell sulfur filter, a fuel cell receives gaseous fuel via a chain of sulfur-tolerant components (2), a sulfur filter (4) and reformer unit (7). The sulfur filter (4) is immediately preceded by a diversion valve (3) to an exhaust pipe (8).    USE - Fuel cell gaseous fuel cell supply with regenerable sulfur filter.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement reduces the time taken for sulfur filter regeneration and minimizes sulfur emissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In an arrangement to regenerate a fuel cell sulfur filter, a fuel cell receives gaseous fuel via a chain of sulfur-tolerant components (2), a sulfur filter (4) and reformer unit (7). The sulfur filter (4) is immediately preceded by a diversion valve (3) to an exhaust pipe (8). A further diversion valve (8) is located immediately behind the sulfur filter (4) and linked to a regenerative oxygen supply (5).    The oxygen supply (5) incorporates a heater (13) burner. In a preferred embodiment the sulfur filter regeneration gas is heated by burner gas effluent    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a bock flow chart of the fuel supply and sulfur filter arrangement.    Process gas blower (1)    sulfur resistant components (2)    switch valve (3)    sulfur filter (4)    pipe (5)    switch valve (6)    reformer parts (7)    exhaust pipe (8)    fuel cell (9)    afterburner (10)    heat exchanger (11)    exhaust pipe (12)
NOVELTY - In a two-part process to remove nitrogen from liquid natural gas, hydrocarbon cooling and especially partial condensation (E4, E5) takes place in contra-flow with the liquefaction coolant circuit (x, y).    USE - The process minimizes the nitrogen content in natural gas which is used as fuel for gas-turbine powered gas pumps.    ADVANTAGE - The process limits nitrogen (NOx) exhaust emissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A combined two-part process removes nitrogen from a hydrocarbon fraction containing nitrogen e.g. natural gas. In one process, the natural gas is liquefied by indirect heat exchange with a flowing coolant in a cascade consisting of three different stages. The first stage is pre-cooling, the second stage is liquefaction, and the third stage is further cooling. Compression and partial condensation of the hydrocarbon-rich with nitrogen fraction (6, 8) takes place in contra-flow to the pre-cooling (x) and further cooling (y) flows. In the other process, the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (6, 8) is compressed in one or more stages and then cooled, partially condensed, and is surrendered to a dual-column nitrogen separation process (K). During this process (K) a nitrogen-rich (maximum 5% vol.) liquid methane fraction is pumped from the upper column (b) sump and discharged (18) for use in e.g. a nitrogen stripping process. The nitrogen-rich fraction (15, 16) is pre -heated in a heat exchanger (E4, E5) by the nitrogen-rich hydrocarbon fraction (8, 8).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows one possible variant of the dual-column separation process.    Compressor stages (V1-3)    natural gas supply (2)    hydrocarbon rich fraction (1)    pipes (3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15,16, 17)    cooling (E1, E2, E3)    plate heat exchanger (E4 - E7)    dual column (K)    expansion valve (13')    lower column (a)    upper column (b)    methane rich fraction (18)
NOVELTY - New process for continuous extraction of organic monomers from a reaction mixture, which apart from monomers, comprises corresponding oligomers and/or polymers, where the monomers have higher polarity than the oligomers and/or polymers.    USE - Useful in extraction of isocyanates, aldehydes, dioxane, ring type esters, glycols, acryl esters, and methacryl esters.    ADVANTAGE - Surprisingly, monomers can be extracted extremely efficiently from a mixture of carbon dioxide 1-4C hydrocarbons in a high viscosity reaction mixture. The method requires only a small amount of extraction agent or mixture in order to completely remove the monomers, and to separate them selectively, and is cost effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New process for continuous extraction of organic monomers from a reaction mixture, which apart from monomers, comprises corresponding oligomers and/or polymers, where the monomers have higher polarity than the oligomers and/or polymers. The extraction agent is a mixture of carbon dioxide and one or more 1-4C hydrocarbons in the supercritical state, and the weight ratio of carbon dioxide to the 1-4C hydrocarbons is in the region of 99:1 and 99:10.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a flow diagram of the extraction setup (includes non-English language text).    receiver, (10)    flow meter, (12)    heat exchanger, (14)    drainage valve, (16)    metering pump, (18)    separation column, (20)    pressure control valve, (22)    trap, (24)    pressure control valve, (26)    extraction agent collector, (28)    circuit valve, (30)    extraction agent liquefier, (32)    liquid extraction agent pump, (34)    heat exchanger, (38)    feed valve (44)    molecular sieve, (46)
NOVELTY - A fractionation equipment for preparing fuel oil from waste or used plastics and rubber is composed of 4-stage filler-type fractionating tower and corresponding coolers, processing tanks, settling tanks, water pool and elevated water tank. Its fractionating process includes such steps as fractionating the oil-gas mixture from the cracking reactor in 4-stage fractionating towers to obtain heavy diesel oil, light diesel oil, kerosene and gasoline, cooling, pickling, neutralizing and settling to obtain corresponding products. Its advantages are simple process, high quality of oil products, and low cost.
NOVELTY - The flex circuit consists of a fuel side flexible circuit and an air/water side flexible circuit, arranged in parallel with a center section in between. Each flexible circuit has an electrode, porous layer with catalyst coating and has a flex substrate that is conformable to non-planar shapes.    USE - Flex circuit of fuel cell, e.g. of PEM type, (claimed) for portable power applications.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst coating provides a large surface area for chemical reactions, hence increases power production. The pores in the porous layer delivers liquid fuel to the catalyst through capillary force. Hence, fuel is distributed uniformly, without requiring microchannels, plumbing, pumps, valves and piping, thereby making the fuel cell lighter and more desirable for portable power application.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for flex-based fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flex-based cylindrical fuel cell assembly.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system comprises a reformer which generates a reformate gas, and a fuel cell which generates power from an oxidizing agent and the reformate gas supplied from the reformer.    USE - Fuel cell system for providing control of the time until warm-up of a fuel reformer is completed.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies control processes during start-up of the fuel cell system and simplifies the structure of the fuel cell system. When power generated in the fuel cell exceeds the required power generation, it is possible to charge the second battery with the excess power by connecting the switch, and as a result, improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell system is provided with a temperature sensor which performs a detection at one position of the temperature immediately before starting or re-starting the reformer and a controller estimating the time to warm-up the reformer based on the detected temperature of the reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart describing control performed by the controller according to the first embodiment.
NOVELTY - The compartments (12,13) in a fuel storage tank (11), separated by a movable partition (11a), store fuel supplied from a fuel infrastructure. When the partition moves, the volume of the compartments are changed accordingly.    USE - For electric vehicle, motor vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The storage amount of fuel is ensured efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel storage tank (11)    Movable partition (11a)    Compartments (12,13)
NOVELTY - The recycling apparatus has an electrolyzer which electrolyzes waste water and generates hydrogen, and an oxidation apparatus which oxidizes hydrogen from the electrolyzer and generates water.    USE - For recycling waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The recycling apparatus stably utilizes the natural energy of a solar power apparatus and a wind power apparatus and provides very pure water. The apparatus electrolyzes waste water and generates hydrogen which is stored. Electric power is also produced by the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the recycling apparatus of waste water. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Waste materials such as plastic, paper, fiber or water absorptive polymers, are placed in a heating chamber. The water from the waste materials is removed by electromagnetic heating, radiation convection heating or gas heating. The waste materials are then compressed manually or mechanically, to reduce the volume of the waste materials.    USE - For processing waste material, such as organic refuse, medical waste material, paper, plastic, fiber or water absorbing polymers. The processed waste material is used as a fuel in residential electric devices, industrial apparatus, tourist resorts, ground purification, horticulture and soil for agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Handling and transportation of the waste material is performed hygienically and inexpensively by reducing the volume of the waste materials. The waste material processing equipment is easy to use and maintain, and is inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for waste material processing equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the waste material volume reduction device.
NOVELTY - The fuel for modification is mixed with water vapor. The mixture is sent into a modification chamber (2) containing a piezoelectric element (3), which expands the element using adiabatic compression. The high temperature necessary for modification is set, and modified gas is thus produced.    USE - For producing modified fuel, used in fuel cell as power source for motor vehicle and domestic power supply, such as steam reforming system, partial oxidation system and auto thermal system.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel modification is performed in reduced time with excellent efficiency. Adiabatic compression is performed reliably and effectively. The amount of reformed gas is continuously adjusted, by adjusting the frequency of expansion shrinkage of piezoelectric element.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification chamber (2)    Piezoelectric element (3)
NOVELTY - An acid is added to a metal alkoxide to form a sol. The sol is dried by evaporation, to form a gel which is again dried and baked. The baked product is reduced, to form dimethyl ether water vapor modification catalyst.    USE - For steam reforming reaction, useful in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method forms dimethyl ether water vapor modification catalyst with excellent dispersion, homogeneity and steam reformation ability. Since the modification catalyst contains gamma-alumina with increased specific surface area, the dimethyl ether decomposition property and steam reforming performance are excellent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for dimethyl ether water vapor modification catalyst formed as above.
NOVELTY - The methanol modification catalyst contains palladium, copper and silica.    USE - For generating hydrogen gas, used in fuel cell of motor vehicles, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances production of hydrogen at low temperature, due to use of palladium, copper and silica.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for methanol modification catalyst manufacturing method, used for generation of hydrogen gas.
NOVELTY - The catalyst comprises copper/cerium complex oxide, in which a portion of copper is dispersed in cerium.    USE - For production of hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The reformation of methanol and water is efficiently performed at low temperature to manufacture hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of hydrogen using the above catalyst.
NOVELTY - The method involves controlling the operation of water vapor modifier at the time of starting, by estimating the modification composition based on the outlet temperature (Tc1) of the modification unit (2), catalyst temperature (Tc2) of CO shift unit (5) and the catalyst temperature (Tc3) of CO selective-oxidation unit (6).    USE - For controlling modifier used for fuel cells e.g. solid polymer fuel cell used for electricity generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids need for expensive CO sensor, and prevents aggravation of partial-load efficiency and reduction in catalytic activity, thus reliable supposition and guarantee of CO concentration at the time of starting are achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of natural gas fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification unit (2)    CO shift unit (5)    CO selective-oxidation unit (6)
NOVELTY - An electrolysis unit (1) produces hydrogen by electrolysis reaction of methanol. A fuel cell (2) connected to the electrolysis unit, generates electric power from the hydrogen and oxygen.    USE - For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Generates electricity efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the methanol fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Electrolysis unit (1)    Fuel cell (2)
NOVELTY - Mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and hydrocarbon group gas is supplied to a consumer (4a) through a pipe network (3). Hydrogen is separated from the mixed gas and used. The separated gas rich in hydrocarbon is supplied to another consumer group (4b) through pipes, and hydrogen gas is separated. The separated hydrogen gas is returned to pipe network by isolated blasting fumes.    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to supply hydrogen to fuel cells without use of the reformers. Therefore fuel cell size can be reduced, and fuel cells can be quickly started. The method enables to smoothly transfer hydrogen gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Town gas supply system comprising a first consumer equipped with hydrogen separation unit for separating hydrogen gas and isolated blasting fumes return unit for returning isolated blasting fumes to pipe network, and second consumer equipped with units for hydrogen gas separation and hydrogen gas return; and    (2) Hydrogen gas separation device equipped with isolation control unit to control the Wobbe index and rate of combustion of an isolated blasting fumes to preset value, respectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the town gas supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pipe network (3)    Consumers (4a,4b)
NOVELTY - A carbon-monoxide reducing equipment has a porous component (100) through which hydrogen rich gas is passed, and a shift catalyst (120) arranged on inner wall of pores (110) of porous component. The pores have diameter same as diameter of a glass molecule performing Knudsen diffusion such as glass molecule of carbon monoxide and water.    USE - Used in modifier (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The carbon-monoxide reducing equipment effectively reduces the concentration of the carbon monoxide in the hydrogen rich gas by increasing rate of shift reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A carbon-monoxide reducing equipment has a porous component through which hydrogen rich gas is passed and a shift catalyst arranged on inner wall of pores of pores of porous component. The pores have diameter same as diameter of a glass molecule performing Knudsen diffusion such as glass molecule of carbon monoxide and water. The shift catalyst accelerates shift reaction of water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen and a hydrogen rich gas is obtained. The carbon-monoxide reducing equipment reduces concentration of carbon-monoxide in the hydrogen rich gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a modifier which has a modification portion for producing hydrogen rich gas, a shift portion for reducing carbon monoxide concentration in hydrogen rich gas and the carbon-monoxide reducing equipment. The modifier produces hydrogen rich gas from the fuel supplied.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the porous component of the carbon-monoxide reducing equipment.    Porous component (100)    Hydrogen-rich gas supply surface (102)    Hydrogen-rich gas release surface(110) Pores (104)    Shift catalyst (120)
NOVELTY - A chain (30) arranged inside an endless process pipe line (2), is actuated by a drive unit. Process material supplied through an inlet port (3) is conveyed by a conveying disk (31) provided at predetermined interval to the chain. The processed material is discharged through an exhaust port (5). Microorganism is added to the process material through the inlet.    USE - For processing organic refuse such as agricultural waste e.g. stalk of paddy, livestock waste.    ADVANTAGE - Compost is produced automatically as the length and the conveyance speed of a device are maintained uniformly. The waste treatment equipment functions as a methane gas generator by adding fungi to the process material by which the organic substance is decomposed and methane gas is produced. The processed material is decomposed and treated easily by supplying air. Prevents the leakage of odor to the external by providing an endless process pipe line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of organic waste treatment equipment.    Pipe line (2)    Inlet port (3)    Exhaust port (5)    Chain (30)    Conveying disk (31)
NOVELTY - A mixed refrigerant contains 90 weight% (wt.%) or more, preferably 95 wt.% or more of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons of high azeotrope property.    USE - For apparatus with refrigerating cycle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The mixed refrigerant does not cause global warming and does not affect stratosphere ozone layer, and is non-flammable. Discharge temperature of the compressor using mixed refrigerant of the equipment with refrigeration cycle, is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for equipment with refrigerating cycle, using the mixed refrigerant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus with refrigerating cycle, using the mixed refrigerant.    Compressor (11)    Heat radiator (12)    Pressure reduction device (13)    Auxiliary heat exchanger (16)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processed to generate dry resources that are used to produce fertilizer and fodder which are used to form an agricultural product, is new.    USE - Food residue resource recycle system such as organic refuse recycle system for home, restaurant, supermarket, food supply center and dining room.    ADVANTAGE - Controls output of refuse to environment and generation of dioxin due to combustion of refuse. Enables recycling organic refuse effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of food residue resource recycle system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A natural gas inflow port (9) and a natural gas discharge port (11) are provided at the upper and lower end of a stirring shaft (5) of a stirring apparatus (7). The natural gas supplied through the inflow port, flow towards the discharge port through a gas path (8) which is provided axially in the stirring shaft, so as to stir the water (12) in a reaction vessel (1).    USE - Natural gas hydrate manufacturing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - By improving the natural gas water contact efficiency, the natural gas hydrate is produced efficiently within short time without a need for separate pump to circulate the natural gas or water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the natural gas hydrate manufacturing device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reaction vessel (1)    Stirring shaft (5)    Stirring apparatus (7)    Gas path (8)    Natural gas inflow port (9)    Natural gas discharge port (11)    Water (12)
NOVELTY - A reactor (3) receives and retains liquor in contact with bacterial population to digest organic material. An aerator provides oxygen levels to maintain bacterial population growth in reactor. A denitrification tank (5) receives liquor from reactor and retains it in contact with denitrifying microorganisms. A clarifier (6) settles sludge which is then returned to the reactor.    USE - Waste water treatment plant used for biological treatment of organic material in waste water using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of treatment process is improved with reduced overall plant size and need for sludge storage or treatment is eliminated. Thereby, produces zero or very low levels of waste sludge. As the sludge is returned to the reactor, complete sludge digestion and organics removal is achieved within the reactor system. The effluent from the clarifier meets the required regulatory limits for biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids and nitrate levels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for process for biological treatment of organic material in waste water using microorganisms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic representation of waste water treatment plant.    Reactor (3)    Denitrification tank (5)    Clarifier (6)
NOVELTY - An anode (3) for oxidizing liquid fuel such as aqueous methanol solution, an electrolyte membrane (2) and a cathode (4), are placed on the outer peripheral surface of a hollow support (1) to form a generator section. The liquid fuel is brought into contact with the inside of the support and oxygen is brought into contact with outside of the generator section.    USE - For telephone sets, book-type personal computers, audio and video equipment, portable video cameras, mobile information terminals and small-sized portable electronic equipment (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The power generation is continued for longer time period by the replenishment of fuel, without any need for charging each time a fixed amount of power is consumed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Portable power source;    (2) Portable electronic equipment; and    (3) Fuel cell generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show the sectional views of the fuel cell.    Hollow support (1)    Electrolyte membrane (2)    Anode (3)    Cathode (4)
NOVELTY - A catalyst combustor (11) receives fuel and air for catalytic combustion and transfers generated heat to a vaporizer (12). The vaporizer vaporizes liquid raw fuel received through an input port, using the transferred heat. A controller (CU) increases the amount of heat transferred to the vaporizer, when the amount of vapor generated in the vaporizer is increased.    USE - For vaporizing liquid raw fuel such as alcohol and hydrocarbon including methanol and gasoline for fuel cell system (claimed) used in fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The raw fuel vapor is stably produced in good response even when the output is varied from low power output drive to high power output drive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Raw fuel vaporizing method; and    (2) Fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the raw fuel vaporizing apparatus.    Catalyst combustor (11)    Vaporizer (12)    Controller (CU)
NOVELTY - The effluent gas is over-expanded in a machine (26) operating in accordance with the cold gas principle, and is then recompressed (30) by it.    USE - To recover water from effluent gases leaving e.g. a low temperature PEMFC fuel cell stack in vehicular use.    ADVANTAGE - The method improves water condensation from the effluent gases, hence improving its recovery. Over-expansion takes place to a pressure below ambient. Partial recompression reaches ambient pressure. This ensures that water shall be condensed from the fuel cell effluent gases, even when ambient temperature is high. The need for make-up water is reduced or eliminated. Water is recycled as a feed to the reformer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the corresponding method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The schematic flow diagram shows the reformer and fuel cell; followed by stages of cooling, over-expansion and partial re-compression, with intermediate water separation stages.    fuel processor (12)    fuel (e.g. HC, CH4) (14)    fuel cell stack (16)    air compressors (18)    cooler (22)    first water separator (24)    expansion machine (26)    second water separator (28)    (re-) compressor (30)
(CN1372343-A)   NOVELTY - A modifier (6) heats and modifies power generating fuel (7) of solid oxide fuel cell (1), using the exhaust gas (13) ejected after performing an industrial process. The exhaust gas from the cell (1), is used as oxidant for performing industrial process.    USE - For industrial process.    ADVANTAGE - Enables effective use of exhaust gas with efficient solid oxide fuel cell reforming and simplifies solid oxide fuel module and increases efficiency of the solid oxide fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the solid oxide fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    solid oxide fuel cell (1)    industrial process (3)    exhaust gas (5)    modifier (6)    power generating fuel (7)
NOVELTY - The unit cells (1) coupled in series consist of an electrolyte film (2), gas leading channel plates (8,10) and electrolyte plates (3,4). The electrolyte plates consist of areas (11,12) outside the cell, diffusion areas (5,6) permeable for gas and/or liquid and tightening surfaces (15,16) restricting a diffusion space.    USE - Used as fuel cell and for production of gas.    ADVANTAGE - Number of interfaces causing electricity losses is decreased to minimum. Heat transfer from electrolyte film and away from cell becomes more effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The external areas (11,12) are in immediate contact with the electrolyte film and in that the unit cells are coupled in series directly with a coupling between the electrolyte plates outside the cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure presents the unit cell solution of the electrolyte cell configuration.    Unit cells (1)    Electrolyte film (2)    Electrolyte plates (3,4)    Diffusion areas (5,6)    Gas leading channel plates (8,10)    External areas (11,12)    Tightening surfaces (15,16)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a housing (4) defining an anode chamber (6) and a cathode chamber (8) and including a catalyst, a protonically conductive but electronically non-conductive membrane (10) positioned between the anode and cathode chambers and a vent in the anode chamber. A fuel chamber is in gaseous communication with the anode chamber via a first valve.    USE - Fuel cell system e.g. direct methanol fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures that consistent supply of fuel mixture is provided to an anode chamber of a fuel cell to enable electricity generating reactions to continue. Allows fuel cell system to operate in a variety of orientations. Ensures that proper amounts of constituents that comprise the fuel mixture are supplied to mixing chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A water chamber is in gaseous communication with the anode chamber via a second valve. A mixing chamber (12) with a vent is in gaseous communication with the anode chamber via a third valve. The mixing chamber receives fuel from the fuel chamber through a fuel valve, water from the water chamber via a water valve, and liquid effluent from the anode chamber via a liquid effluent valve. The mixing chamber provides a fuel mixture to the anode chamber via a fuel mixture valve. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a method for moving a liquid between chambers of a fuel cell system;    (b) a method for agitating a liquid stored in a chamber of a fuel cell system;    (c) a method for controlling concentration of fuel in fuel-water mixture for a direct oxidation fuel cell system;    (d) and a system for controlling concentration of fuel in fuel-waterr mixture for a direct oxidation fuel cell system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates a schematic of a fuel cell system.    Housing (4)    Anode chamber (6)    Cathode chamber (8)    Membrane (10)    Mixing chamber (12)
NOVELTY - Flow channels for a reactant gas are provided on the front side of the flow field plate. At least two slots extend from the front to the rear side. On the rear side, at least two apertures are provided for the reactant gas. An aperture extension provides a flow path from each aperture to a respective slot.    USE - For proton exchange membrane fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables sealing surfaces on two sides to be offset so as to be fully supported. Avoids having to provide seal or gasket portions crossing flow channels and ensures that all portions of each gasket are properly supported.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of an enlarged scale showing in detail one supply aperture of the flow field plate.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a pump (16) for pumping methanol into the cell. The pump is driven by carbon dioxide produced by electrochemical reaction at the anode of the fuel cell.    USE - For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon dioxide used to drive pump is produced naturally as part of the fuel cell's operation, thus there is no parasitic power loss caused by the pump's operation, and fuel cell system's operating time is not decreased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the pump of the direct methanol fuel cell system.    Pump (16)
NOVELTY - The apparent hydrogen concentration (A) in untreated nitrogen to be analyzed is measured. The nitrogen is purified from all impurities, except methane. Real methane concentration in nitrogen is deduced indirectly. The apparent hydrogen concentration (B) in obtained nitrogen is measured. Hydrogen concentration (B) is subtracted from hydrogen concentration (A), to thus deduce the real hydrogen concentration in the nitrogen.    USE - For measuring concentration of hydrogen and methane in nitrogen, used as reacting medium or carrier gas in integrated circuit industry.    ADVANTAGE - The concentration of hydrogen and methane contained in nitrogen are measured easily and accurately.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the system of gas lines comprising a purifier.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen formation apparatus (I) comprises a bypass provided in a raw material feeding path between a raw material feeding section and a hydrogen forming section via a path switching section, and connected to a catalytic burning section, so that a combustion gas can be fed to the hydrogen forming section.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus (I) allows the decrease of the time required for the start-up of the apparatus and the avoidance of the danger of the presence of a combustible gas during the stop operation of the apparatus. The apparatus (II) allows the prevention of dew condensation due to the lowering of the dew point of the gas in the apparatus, which leads to the prevention of the corrosion of the apparatus and the deterioration of the catalyst present therein.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a hydrogen formation apparatus (II), comprising a reforming section, a burner heating the reforming section, a modification section for modifying a gas from the reforming section and a CO oxidation section for the CO oxidation of a gas from the modification section, so that when the apparatus is stopped, a gas from the CO oxidation section can be fed to the burner at the same time that the feed of a raw material and a fuel for the burner is stopped and air is fed.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen purification apparatus for reducing carbon monoxide in hydrogen gas comprises purification catalyst element comprising first and second catalysts. The apparatus has two purification sections each containing the purification catalyst element. The feed of oxidizing gas is controlled by the detection of the temperature values of the purification catalyst elements and the hydrogen gas.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus allows the achievement of satisfactory clarification catalyst activity over a wide temperature range, the stable reduction of a carbon monoxide concentration in changes of load, and the suppression of consumption of hydrogen by oxidation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen purification apparatus for reducing carbon monoxide in a hydrogen gas uses a first catalyst selected from Pt, Pd, Ru and Rh and a second catalyst selected from Pd, Ru, Rh and Ni are mixed or combined in one piece. The resultant mixture or combination is used in a purification catalyst element, wherein an alumina or a zeolite ion-exchanged with a first period transition metal is used as a heat-resistant catalyst carrier substrate of the purification catalyst element in a form of pellets or a honeycomb structure. The apparatus has two purification sections each containing the purification catalyst element. The feed of an oxidizing gas is controlled through the detection of the temperature values of the purification catalyst elements and the hydrogen gas.
NOVELTY - The machining method includes the steps of forming a pattern of apertures in a mask (504) and placing the mask on an article (506). Abrasive materials (503) are then directed against the mask to remove material from the article, the blasting gun forming a conical abrasive blast that converges towards the aperture.    USE - For manufacture of flow field plates for fuel cells and electrolysers.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents uneven formation of channels and variations in channel profiles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an abrasive blasting gun.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram showing the machining method.    Abrasive material (503)    Mask (504)    Article (506)
NOVELTY - The fuel conversion process is catalysed by a plasma formed by streaming pseudo-corona pulsed-periodic microwave discharge.    USE - For use in the petrochemical industry, the chemical industry, vehicles with internal combustion engines, fuel cells or gas turbines, or fixed energy generators utilizing electrogenic arrangements, fuel cells or gas turbines, in order to produce synthesis gas for use as a fuel in the aforementioned vehicles or generators.    ADVANTAGE - The conversion process is catalysed using a relatively simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for converting motor fuel into synthesis gas comprises subjecting hydrocarbons in the fuel to a vapor-air or air conversion reaction using pre-heated air. Part of the fuel is burnt in the combustion chamber (1) and the rest is mixed with the combustion products and optionally steam. The reactive components are supplied to a plasma-catalytic reactor in which a streaming pseudo-corona pulsed-periodic microwave discharge with given energetic and temperature parameters is initiated, forming a plasma which acts as a catalyst for the conversion process.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a plasma-catalytic converter for engine fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a length section of the plasma-catalytic converter.    Combustion chamber (1)    Nozzle (2)    Cylindrical microwave resonator (3)    Exit system for reaction products (4)    Entrance system for microwave radiation (5)    Communication element (6)    Waveguide (7)    Action region of plasma-catalytic reactor (8)    End tube (9)    Side tubes (10, 11)    Resonator diameter (D)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen production apparatus comprises a first input for mixing a liquid water stream with a feed gas stream, a heating mechanism, a second input for mixing the humidified stream with a hydrocarbon fuel, and a steam-methane reforming component to react the hydrocarbon fuel and the steam in the reformer reactant mixture.    USE - For generating hydrogen used in industrial and fuel cell applications.    ADVANTAGE - The invention operates at a lower temperature, consumes less parasitic fuel, does not require boiler generated steam, and can be operated without the use of skilled personnel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen production apparatus comprises a first input (85) for mixing a liquid water stream (17) with a feed gas stream (21) to produce a feed-gas-water mixture stream (19); a heating mechanism (66) for heating the feed gas-water mixture stream to produce a humidified feed-gas stream (84); a second input (68) for mixing the humidified feed-gas stream with a hydrocarbon fuel (11) to produce a reformer reactant mixture of fuel, oxidant, and steam; and a steam-methane reforming component (70) for reacting the hydrocarbon fuel and the steam in the reformer reactant mixture (69) in a steam-methane reforming reaction to reform the hydrocarbon fuel and produce a hydrogen enriched reformer product gas (72).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow-diagram of an improved hydrogen generation system.    Hydrocarbon fuel (11)    Liquid water stream (17)    Feed-gas-water mixture stream (19)    Feed gas stream (21)    Heating mechanism (66)    Second input (68)    Reformer reactant mixture (69)    Steam-methane reforming component (70)    Product gas (72)    Humidified feed-gas stream (84)    First input (85)
NOVELTY - A compact fuel processor comprises a cylinder (226) having a feed and manifold (224) ends; predefined reaction zones (202, 204, 206, 208, 210) within the cylinder; and a cooling coil (218, 220, 222) having an inlet end and an outlet end connected to the manifold end.    USE - For converting a hydrocarbon fuel (F, F') feed to hydrogen rich gas (H).    ADVANTAGE - The invention produces hydrogen rich gas having high volumetric energy density and is easy to store and transport.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compact fuel processor comprises a cylinder having a feed end and a manifold end; predefined reaction zones within the cylinder; and a cooling coil(s) having an inlet end and an outlet end connected to the manifold end. The cylinder has a removable manifold. Each reaction zone employs a chemical reaction that takes place within the reaction zone. Each of the cooling coil is internally positioned to remove heat from a reaction zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts a compact fuel processor apparatus.    Reaction zones (202, 204, 206, 208, 210)    Heat exchanger (214)    Catalyst bed; (216)    Cooling coil (218, 220, 222)    Manifold (224)    Cylinder (226)    Hydrocarbon fuel (F, F')    Hydrogen rich gas (H)    Tail gas (T)
NOVELTY - A grass plant is harvested and dried to produce harvested material. The harvested material is collected and the size is reduced. The material is densified and transported to a pulp mill to produce fibrous pulp, or to an energy plant to produce energy.    USE - For producing energy, electricity, syngas (all claimed), for producing forage or grain and for making paper.    ADVANTAGE - The method of producing fibrous pulp increases the compatibility of the raw material with coal in electricity plants and wood chips at pulp mills, and reduces the losses during storage. The size reduction of the harvested material increases the bulk density and reduces transportation cost. The need for storage is reduced since a better year-round supply of raw material is provided. A grassland cropping system including perennial grasses established on large area is provided, which eliminates the need and cost to plant them, and the delay in obtaining a return on these crops. Since the leaves of the grasses are not removed from the raw material and annual or perennial grasses which are familiar to growers are used in the cropping system, the reluctance in investing in such enterprises is reduced.
NOVELTY - Preparation of biologically activated powder material (A) with plant growth-stimulating activity comprises: (a) mixing clay and/or crushed stone (TGM) with well rotted compost and/or sludge obtained by washing compost; and (b) storing mixture in heaps with controlled aeration for an activation period while monitoring increase in temperature (the result of biological activity) and limiting it to less than 60 degrees C.    USE - (A) is used as a plant growth medium (or additive) or fertilizer; to reduce odor during composting; as base material for plant protection agents, nutrients and/or active compounds; as active agent and nutrient concentrates for growing plants or feeding animals; as accelerator (or additive) in biological decomposition processes (waste water purification or composting); as soil activator; to inhibit leaching of nutrients from soil; for 'greening' of roofs or waste areas; for preparing compost; for recultivation of soil; for plant protection; in veterinary medicine and for processing liquid manure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for (A) obtained using the above method.
NOVELTY - An aquaculture wastewater treatment system (10) includes fish species-based particulates removal system (20) comprising a separate fish raceway; suspended media biofilter reactor ammonia removal subsystem (30) including suspended media mechanism; and constructed wetlands subsystem (40) for further treating effluents from the ammonia removal subsystem.    USE - The inventive system is for removing water contaminants in aquaculture operation.    ADVANTAGE - The subsystems are efficient, economical, and readily scalable and adaptable to any wastewater treatment application. They provide a flexible, easily expandable and affordable treatment of wastewater that would be of quality for use in other applications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An aquaculture wastewater treatment system includes the following:    (a) a fish species-based particulates removal system including a separate fish raceway for holding a secondary crop fish, in which the secondary crop fish feed on, thus removing particulates from the wastewater prior to further wastewater treatment subsystems;    (b) a suspended media biofilter reactor ammonia removal subsystem including suspended media mechanism for supporting the growth of microorganisms active in nitrification and denitrification, thus removing ammonia contaminants;and    (c) a constructed wetlands subsystem for further treating effluent wastewater from the ammonia removal subsystem.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for making the above aquaculture treatment system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic and diagrammatic view of semi-open wastewater treatment system.    Wastewater treatment system (10);    Particulates removal system (20);    Solids removal channel (22);    Ammonia removal subsystem (30);    Paddlewheel assembly (38);    Wetlands subsystem (40);    Injector blower (48);    Piping network (52); and    Aeration head (54).
NOVELTY - Manufacture of refuse derived fuel (RDF), in which fuel is produced by crushing after classified according to physical properties. Hence, the qualified product is used as non-polluting, fuel and can save fuel used for drying the fuel mixture by burning the fuel product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves crushing combustible waste according to physical properties using a crusher (10); drying the crushed combustible waste in a drier (11); mixing the dried waste at a suitable ratio according to heat capacity, and adding dioxin-reducing agent and corrosion inhibitor in the mixer (12); compression molding at high temperature to give maximum combustion efficiency; and cooling the molded fuel and pack, where a part of the produced fuel is used as fuel for drying the mixture.
NOVELTY - Provided are a novel lactic acid bacterium, Pediococcus acidilactici which is excellent in salt resistance and thermal resistance and grows well in food wastes, and its use as a fermenting agent for food wastes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Pediococcus acidilactici(KFCC-11097) is obtained by the steps of: diluting kimchi, pickles or silage which has high salt concentration, with a saline solution; firstly separating strains having excellent productivity by using BCP(Bromo-Cresol purple agar) medium; culturing the separated strains in MRS(deMan Rogosa and Sharpe broth) broth containing sodium chloride; secondarily separating 5 of strains having excellent growth rate; sterilizing a medium containing 30 wt.% of food wastes and 2 wt.% of molasses, at 121 deg.C under 1.5 atm for 15 minutes followed by inoculating the each 5 strains and shacking culturing them at 37 deg.C with 150 rpm respectively; smearing the culture solution on BCP medium then obtaining Pediococcus acidilactici(KFCC-11097) showing the most excellent growth.
NOVELTY - Provided is a fuel retreating apparatus of a fuel cell system, which refines the non-reacted fuel discharged from a stack and re-supplies the refined fuel to a fuel tank, therefore, increases the fuel efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel retreating apparatus of the fuel cell system contains: a filtering means(210) for filtering impurities from the fuel which is supplied from the stack(100) after an electrochemical reaction; a distilling means(220) for separating pure fuel from water by heating the filtered fuel; guide lines(230)(240) for guiding the pure fuel and the water to the fuel tank(130) and a water storing tank(140).
NOVELTY - Provided is an electricity generator using liquor, which can generate electricity for a fixed time by using the common liquor when fuel is burnt out without warning.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electricity generator contains: a modifier(1) refining hydrogen gas by modifying a hydrocarbon fuel; a stack(2) generating the electricity by an electrochemical reaction of the hydrogen gas, supplied from the modifier(1), and air supplied from the outside; a distillation column(3) for supplying alcohol to the modifier(1) by distilling the liquor.
NOVELTY - Provided is an electricity generating system for home use, which can recycle carbon dioxide, exhausted from a modifier and a stack of a fuel cell, as a detergent of a washing machine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electricity generating system contains a detergent supply means(5) for supplying the carbon dioxide, generated from the modifier(1) and the stack(2), as a detergent to a washing machine(4), wherein the detergent supply means(5) comprises a liquefying device(41) for liquefying the gas-state carbon dioxide by reducing pressure and temperature and a mixer(42) for making micelle by mixing the liquefied carbon dioxide with a dispersing agent and a surface active agent.
NOVELTY - Provided is a fuel supply device in fuel cell which can easily extract hydrogen, and efficiently use waste heat occurring in driving of fuel cell to improve energy efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In the fuel supply device, a pair of electrodes and electrolyte are positioned, and an electricity generator is positioned so that either of the electrodes contacts with hydrogen or a fuel material containing hydrogen, and the rest electrode contacts with oxides containing oxygen. In the electricity generator, ionized hydrogen and oxygen is electrochemically reacted with each other to generate electricity and heat together. In the fuel supply device, a hydrogen storage part(in which a metallic alloy for hydrogen storage containing hydrogen is stored) is positioned on either side of the electricity generator; hydrogen is isolated from the metallic alloy for hydrogen storage; and the hydrogen is supplied to any one electrode of the electricity generator so as to generate electricity and heat in the electricity generator.
NOVELTY - Provided are a thermostat device for fuel in fuel cell, which is suitable to prevent the freezing of fuel in stack owing to external temperature change, and a method therefor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thermostat device comprises a temperature sensor(51) for detecting a temperature of liquid fuel in stack; a circulation means(52) for liquid fuel, which is for circulating the liquid fuel; and a controller(53) for preventing a freezing of liquid fuel by operating the circulation means(52) when a temperature detected in the sensor(51) is below set value. The circulation means(52) consists of a circulation line(61) for connecting inlet/outlet sides of flow path grooves of stack; and a circulation pump(62) for pumping the liquid fuel.
NOVELTY - Provided is a fuel supply device in fuel cell, which is suitable to allow the fuel cell to generate an electricity without separate reforming unit, by using a hydrogen occurred in Ni-MH based secondary cell as a fuel of fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device comprises a stack(10) which comprises a cathode and an anode, in which hydrogen gas supplied to the anode is electrochemically reacted with air supplied to the cathode to form an electromotive force; and a secondary cell(11) for starting of the stack. The secondary cell is a secondary cell based on Ni-MH(which is a metallic alloy for hydrogen storage), in which the cathode stores a hydrogen when charged, and discharges a hydrogen when discharged. The secondary cell has means(13) for hydrogen extraction and supply, which is to extract a hydrogen discharged from the secondary cell and supply the hydrogen as raw material of the stack(10).
NOVELTY - Provided is a fuel supply device in fuel cell which has a fuel drum so as to minimize driving time of the fuel cell when the fuel cell is driven.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device comprises a reforming unit(12) for forming a hydrogen from a fuel containing hydrogen; a stack(13), in which hydrogen supplied from the unit(12) is electrochemically reacted with oxygen(supplied independently of the hydrogen) to form an electricity and heat; a hydrogen-storage container(16) which temporarily stores a hydrogen formed in the unit(12) and supplies to the stack(13) where necessary; control valves(17A,17B,17C) for hydrogen supply which determine a supply route of hydrogen supplied to the stack; and a controller(18) which controls the switching of the control valves(17A,17B,17C).
NOVELTY - A metal or synthetic resin made float (3) provided inside the tank (2), covers the shochu waste liquid (S) and moves up and down the liquid. An exhaust gas device (4) equipped with the activated charcoal filled layer, is provided at the upper portion of the tank.    USE - For storing and processing of shochu waste liquid.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the surface oxidation of the waste liquid under storage, and reduces the dissipation of the odor to the outside of the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the internal structure of the shochu waste liquid storage tank.    Tank (2)    Float (3)    Exhaust device (4)    Shochu waste liquid (S)
NOVELTY - A pressure chamber which includes a working space (10), has air blowers and a fastener (3). The working space is provided with air supply and exhaust port (21) having filters, connected with a jet pipe. A negative pressure is maintained in the space surrounding the pressure chamber.    USE - For use in pharmaceutical industries. Also, for medical treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances safety and improves productivity without increasing the cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional side view of the clean workbench.    Fastener (3)    Working space (10)    Air Supply and exhaust port (21)
NOVELTY - The gear motor rotates the liquid transparent tube (15), such that the tube contacts the non-rotating brush (22) provided outside the tube, for removing the solid particles adhered to the punch holes (18) of the tube.    USE - For sewage disposal.    ADVANTAGE - The solid particles blocking the punch holes of the tube, are efficiently removed, by rotating the tube so as to contact the brush provided externally to the brush.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The non-rotating brush is made to perpendicularly or spirally contact the liquid transparent tube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of sewage disposal apparatus.    Liquid transparent tube (15)    Punch holes (18)    Non-rotating brush (22)
NOVELTY - A deodorizer (14) arranged in an exhaust path (5) is controlled by comparing the detected value of a smell sensor and a preset value. A manual operation switch is provided for selecting the preset value.    USE - For treating organic refuse garbage from homes and industries.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse are deodorized with improved efficiency within short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An exhaust path (5) exhausts gas produced from a treatment tank that treats decomposed organic refuse. A fan (7) and deodorizer (14) comprising a heater and oxidation catalyst are provided in the exhaust path for ventilation and deodorizing exhaust gas respectively. A smell sensor (16) detects smell of the exhausting gas. A controller controls stirrer of organic refuse and deodorization, by comparing mean value and predetermined value of the sensor. During deodorization the temperature correction of the sensor is performed based on the ambient temperature of the sensor. A detector detects decomposition state of the organic refuse based on which stir frequency of the refuse is selected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the exhaust path of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Exhaust path (5)    Fan (7)    Deodorizer (14)    Smell sensor (16)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse is crushed and stirred by rotating a rotary cutter (9) by a drive source (2). The rotation stop of the cutter is monitored. The crushing and stirring of the organic refuse is continued without stopping rotation of the cutter, by reversing the cutter when rotation stops.    USE - For processing organic refuse, such as garbage disposal.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method maintains the rotation of the rotary cutter and performs continuous crushing and stirring of organic refuse. A necessary environment is maintained by disassembling the organic refuse. Elimination and decomposition of organic refuse is promoted. The state of microbial bed is maintained at an optimal state. A high bacterial active degree is maintained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic refuse processing apparatus equipped with a rotary cutter which is rotate-driven by a drive source and which crushes and stirs the organic refuse, a monitoring unit to monitor the rotation stop of the rotary cutter, and a rotation switching unit which reverses the rotary cutter when rotation stop is monitored. The apparatus performs continuous crushing and stirring of the organic refuse, without stopping the rotation of the rotary cutter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the disassembled isometric view of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Drive source (2)    Rotary cutter (9)
NOVELTY - The processing apparatus (2) is provided for decomposing and treating the crushed foodstuffs, using the microbe, in the presence of oxygen or air. The circulation apparatus (3) feds back the waste gas generated during foodstuff decomposition process, to the processing apparatus, after the removal of CO2 from the waste gas.    USE - For decomposing and treating raw or packed foodstuffs from restaurant, home, supermarket, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Waste gas can be reused for processing organic refuse after the removal of CO2 from gas, hence the problem of environmental pollution is avoided. Enables to suppress the generation of bad smell and toxic substance from organic refuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The automatic separation and grinding apparatus (1) crushes the foodstuffs after separating them from the packaging materials. The crushed foodstuffs are transmitted from the automatic separation and grinding apparatus to the organic refuse processing apparatus, by the conveyor (43). The waste gas obtained by decomposing and treating the foodstuff is transmitted from the processing apparatus to the waste gas circulation mechanism equipped with dust removal apparatus (51), dehumidifier (52) and CO2 removal apparatus (59).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of organic refuse process mechanism mounting vehicle.    Automatic separation and grinding apparatus (1)    Processing apparatus (2)    Circulation apparatus(43) Conveyor (3)    Dust removal apparatus (51)    Dehumidifier (52)    CO2 removal apparatus (59)
NOVELTY - A storage tank (4) provided with an infrared heater (5) receives solution from a solution discharge port (2a) at the lower side of the receptacle (2). A separation tank (8) separates oil and water from the heated solution from another solution discharge port (4a) of the tank (4). A waste water port (12) and the oil component discharge port of the tank (8) discharge the waste water and oil component, respectively.    USE - For separating oil component from refuse from dining room and kitchen of restaurant, hotel, drive-in, home, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Oil component can be separated and collected from the refuse. Thereby preventing clogging of drain pipe and reducing waste water purification cost while simplifying recycling of oil component. The quantity of solution sucked in by the suction port pipe is maintained uniformly even if the level of the solution in storage tank changes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A container (3) storing the refuse is arranged at the upper portion of the housing (1). The storage tank (4) receives the solution from the solution discharge port of the receptacle, provided below the container. A float (7) maintains suction opening (6a) of an expandable and contractable suction port pipe (6) connected to the upper portion of the solution discharge port (4a) of the storage tank at predetermined position lower than the solution level of the storage tank. The separation tank separates the solution heated by the infrared heater into water and oil component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a general view of oil component separation and collection equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Housing (1)    Receptacle (2)    Solution discharge ports (2a,4a)    Container (3)    Storage tank (4)    Heater (5)    Suction port pipe (6)    Suction opening (6a)    Float (7)    Separation tank (8)    Waste water port (12)
NOVELTY - A de-sulfurizing agent contains silver carried on a support.    USE - For de-sulfurizing fuel oil containing organosulfur compound, used for manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The de-sulfurizing agent absorbs and removes the sulfur content in the fuel oil, efficiently. The de-sulfurizing agent has high durability. The hydrogen is manufactured efficiently using the de-sulfurizing agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells.
NOVELTY - A humidifier (30) and a dehumidifier (70) humidifies and dehumidifies the reactive gas supplied to the fuel cell (1). A switching valve switches the reactive-gas supply path to the dehumidifier, at the time of shutdown of the fuel cell.    USE - Gas supply apparatus for fuel cell used as drive source of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables drying the moisture content in reactive gas flow path of fuel cell, during shutdown of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of gas supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)    Humidifier (30)    Dehumidifier (70)
NOVELTY - A compressor (21) and a valve (32) control the amount of oxygen and hydrogen supplied to a fuel cell (10),respectively. The detectors (23,24,34-36) detect the flow rate of hydrogen and oxygen from the fuel cell. The output of the detectors is fed back to the compressor and the valve so as to control the supply amount.    USE - In vehicle and portable electricity generation device.    ADVANTAGE - Unconverted gas emission is reduced. The supply of gas is controlled reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (10)    Compressor (21)    Detectors (23,24,34-36)    Valve (32)
NOVELTY - A reformed gas removing layer (3) removes reformed gas on heat insulating material (2). A modified layer (4) injects fuel, and heating layer which heats modified layer are formed in the shape of concentric circle, so that the heating layer is made into core side and heat insulating material is positioned outside.    USE - Fuel modifier for supplying hydrogen fuel to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Changes the heating range of reforming portion depending on output, and prevents the increase in the ratio of relative thermal radiation in the time of low output so that efficiency of exhaust heat recovery is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view when output is small and cross-sectional view when output is enlarged. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat insulating material (2)    Reformed gas removing layer (3)    Modified layer (4)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage container (4) incorporates the mesoporous silicate to detach the absorbed hydrogen while heating.    USE - For mounting fuel cell in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The vehicle is compact and light weight. The hydrogen quantity to be stored is adjusted suitably, and the consumption of fuel is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above fuel cell driving system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen storage container (4)
NOVELTY - The temperature of carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation unit (24) of the modifier (2) is controlled by controlling the supply of the gas supplied to the CO oxidation unit, depending on the driving condition of the modifier.    USE - For controlling temperature of modifier which produces hydrogen from fuels, such as alcohol and hydrocarbon, supplied to fuel cell stack of fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables temperature control of the CO oxidation unit, without using an external electric power and a heater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for modifier temperature control equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above modifier temperature controller. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (2)    Oxidation unit (24)
NOVELTY - Two pieces of hydrogen generation equipment (3,4) are provided to generate hydrogen from gasoline, an alcohol fuel or liquefied natural gas (LNG) stored in a gas tank (1). Hydrogen packing machine (7) measures and supplies the hydrogen stored in the high pressure hydrogen cylinders (6) to a motor vehicle.    USE - For supplying hydrogen fuel produced from alcohol fuel, liquefied natural gas (LNG), gasoline to motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is supplied stably as hydrogen is generated easily in hydrogen production equipment and is stored in high pressure hydrogen cylinders. The filling pressure of hydrogen is altered suitably. The maintenance of replenishment infrastructure of hydrogen is cheap.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a system flowchart showing the composition of gasoline station. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas tank (1)    Desulfurizing apparatus (2)    Hydrogen generation equipment (3,4)    Hydrogen cylinder (6)    Hydrogen packing machine (7)    Pressure-reduction valve (74)
NOVELTY - A mixer (2) which mixes high temperature gas, methanol and air, is provided between a start combustor (1) and a modifier (3). A control apparatus (30) switches a directional control valve between the start combustor and exhaust hydrogen combustors (6).    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the adherence of soot to the modifier at the time of starting.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for starting device for fuel cell modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an entire block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Start combustor (1)    Mixer (2)    Modifier (3)    Exhaust hydrogen combustors (6)    Control apparatus (30)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide removal apparatus has a water feed zone (3) containing a porous component. A catalyst portion (5) comprising a carbon monoxide reduction catalyst reduces carbon monoxide in the gas. A water supply apparatus (4) supplies water to the gas introduced into the catalyst portion. The zone (3) receives water from the apparatus by the upstream side of the catalyst portion.    USE - For reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide in reformed gas of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide removal apparatus of reduced size removes carbon monoxide effectively, and has stable performance over a longer period of run.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus.    Water feed zone (3)    Water supply apparatus (4)    Catalyst portion (5)
NOVELTY - An electric heater heats a mixture of organic refuse, air and basic material. A measurement unit measures the switching time of power supply ON/OFF state of the heater. When the measured switching time is lower than a predetermined value, the organic refuse is decomposed.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus in e.g. residence, enterprise, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since the heating is stopped when the value of power supply switching time is reduced, the organic waste is decomposed using less electrical power. By adjusting the water control of a basic material, the decomposition can be performed efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A stainless steel rotary drum (B) is covered with IR ray emitting carbon element (1) connected with a sensor to maintain automatic IR ray control. The drum contains a porous ceramic support bearing acid resistant microbes. Partition plates (H) with impeller blades (G) are on the inner wall of the drum to supply oxygen to microbes and disperse water content of refuse. The drum has an exhaust tower (2) with suction fan (3) and a deodorizing filter (4).    USE - For decomposing organic refuse using acid resistant microbes carried in porous ceramic support.    ADVANTAGE - Activity of the acid resistant microbes is enhanced due to supply of adequate oxygen to the microbes resulting in complete decomposition of organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side sectional views of the organic refuse decomposition equipment.    Infrared ray emitting carbon element (1)    Exhaust tower (2)    Suction fan (3)    Deodorizing filter (4)    Stainless steel rotary drum (B)    Impeller blades (G)    Partition plates (H)
NOVELTY - A horizontal tank (1) at an inclination, with an inlet opening (12) at the lower side and discharge opening (13) at the higher side. The stirring blades (26) are held by a motor driven hollow shaft (2) which also acts as a vent pipe, for blasting air from a blower (22) connected to one of its ends. Perpendicular vent pipes extend along with blades from the shaft for aeration.    USE - For organic waste treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces number of additional accessory machines required, and prevents the anaerobiosis formation by microorganism. Provides high efficiency, and occupies less space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for waste treatment method using above apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the horizontal stirrer.    Motor driven hollow shaft (1)    Horizontal tank (2)    Inlet opening (12)    Discharge opening (13)    Blower (22)    Stirring blades (26)
NOVELTY - An aerosol has propellant which contains propane gas (LPG) mixed with dimethyl ether gas (DME) in a proper ratio.    USE - For removing dust for cleaning electronic device or precision instruments.    ADVANTAGE - The aerosol removes the dust efficiently and safely and is used at high temperature apparatus or outdoor environment by changing the ratio of propane gas and dimethyl ether.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the aerosol for removing dust.
NOVELTY - The infectious organic waste and organic waste, such as garbage and saw dust, are mixed at a ratio at which an entire water content becomes 30-60%. A fermentation promoter seeded with a microorganism is add-mixed with the mixture. A fermentation process of the mixture is then carried out using the microorganism.    USE - For processing infectious organic waste such as waste blood, waste serum, waste plasma and other body fluids.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method comprises fermentation using a microorganism. Therefore, expensive incineration installation is eliminated and environmental pollution is reduced. The fermentation processed material is recycled in the form of compost. Since the sterilization process of the infectious organic waste is carried out, hygienic problems caused by virus and bacteria are eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fermentation processing apparatus which has a container accommodated in the top portion of a treatment tank having two or more protruding acceptance openings. The acceptance opening is equipped with a movable slide cover which covers the circumference near the connection portion with the tube inserted in the opening. After moving the slide cover, the leakage of waste blood is prevented by accommodating the waste blood in the treatment tank through the tube. The fermentation processing apparatus receives a transfusion bag and/or waste blood, waste serum and waste plasma.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (10) comprises liquid pump (1) for pressurizing a liquid mixture of liquid fuel and water, indirect evaporator (2), reformer (4) for reforming the liquid mixture to reformed gas, hydrogen separation apparatus (5), combustor (6) and recycle line (12) for recycling a portion of non-permeated gas to upstream side of reformation chamber.    USE - For producing hydrogen by reforming the liquid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - By recycling the portion of water vapor in non-permeated gas for reformation reaction, the amount of feed water vapor and necessary power for pumping liquid mixture are reduced and the system efficiency is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (10) comprises liquid pump (1) for pressurizing a liquid mixture of liquid fuel and water, indirect evaporator (2), reformer (4), hydrogen separation apparatus (5), combustor (6) and recycle line (12) which by-passes the combustor. The pressurized liquid mixture is reformed to reformed gas comprising hydrogen in the reformation chamber (Re) of the modifier. Shift reaction of reformed gas is carried out in the shift chamber (S) of apparatus (5) and hydrogen is separated using hydrogen separation membrane. The non-permeated gas is burned in the combustor and combusted gas is supplied to the heating chamber (H) of reformer. A portion of non-permeated gas is recycled to upstream side of reformation chamber through the recycle line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Liquid pump (1)    Indirect evaporator (2)    Reformer (4)    Hydrogen separation apparatus (5)    Combustor (6)    Recycle line (12)    Ejector (14)    Direct evaporator (16)    Liquid mixture branch line (16)    Heating chamber (H)    Reformation chamber (Re)    Shift chamber (S)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack (1) comprises laminated polymer electrolyte fuel cells each with an anode and cathode (1B,1A) and power is generated using hydrogen-rich gas and air respectively supplied to the anode and cathode, while the exhausts are supplied by flow control valves (20,19) to a mixer (8) with a catalytic combustor (9). After activation, the controller (50) stops supply of air and fuel to an injector (15) to prevent increase of combustion gas and overheating of the catalyst.    USE - Warming up a reformer of a fuel cell power plant.    ADVANTAGE - Preventing excessive heat generation when fuel injection stops.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a control method for a fuel cell power plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the plant    Fuel cell stack (1)    Anode and cathode (1B,1A)    Mixer (8)    Combustor (9)    Controller (50)
NOVELTY - Device for reducing the carbon monoxide amount in a gas stream comprises a gas purification unit (2) for selectively oxidizing the carbon monoxide on an oxidation catalyst made from platinum, palladium and/or ruthenium and a redox catalyst.    USE - Used in a gas generating system for supplying a fuel cell in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Carbon monoxide conversion is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The redox catalyst is made from copper. A region of the gas purification unit is made from copper in the flow direction of the gas stream before the oxidation catalyst. The copper in the gas purification unit is uniformly mixed with the oxidation catalyst. The copper is applied on a charge of support material. The gas purification unit is electrically heated in the region of the redox catalyst using a heating coil (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of gas generating system.    gas purification unit (2)    heating coil (4)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a mixture of several kinds of bacterial spawns, especially bacterial spawn mixture capable of treating domestic organic garbage. The mixture consists of Bacillus megaterium Bacillus cereus, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus lichen formis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus thermophilus and Bacillus subtilis generating proteinanse, lipase, amylase, chitinase, cellulase, oxidase, etc. separately to decompose macromolecular matter into low molecular matters and to convert the low molecular matters into CO2, H2O and small amount of NH3 of exhaust while releasing energy and eliminating bad smell and pollution. The product invention is used to reduce amount of garbage.
NOVELTY - The garbage recovering apparatus has a fermentation chamber in the upper part for fermenting garbage with aerobic microbes and a drying chamber in the lower part for drying fermented intermediate material from the fermentation chamber. Both the fermentation chamber and the drying chamber are cylindrical and vertical in the same axle line. A driving rotating shaft in the axle line penetrates the fermentation chamber and the drying chamber. From the driving shaft, are extended one rotating stirrer to stir garbage in the fermentation chamber and a rotating stirrer to stir intermediate material in the drying chamber.
NOVELTY - A composite membrane for separating CO2 gas is prepared from the hollow or flat membrane of polysulfone, polyacrylonitrile, or polyether sulfone through dipping in polyvinylamine solution for 5-60 min, crosslinking with 5-50 % glutaraldehyde solution for 5-40 min and the solution of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid for 5-30 min, drying and washing with water.    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages include easy operation, low cost, and high separating and penetrating power to CO2/CH4.
NOVELTY - The interconnector has at least 2 gas inlets (4,4a; 6,6a) in a gas distribution chamber (2o,2u) and at least one outlet (5,7) in a gas collection chamber (3o,3u), coupled to the gas distribution chamber via a number of parallel flow channels (8o) providing a homogemous gas flow.    USE - The interconnector is used for a compact high-temperature fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The interconnector provides a homogenous gas flow in the parallel channels for improved efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for an operating method for a high-temperature fuel cell stack is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of an interconnector for a high-temperature fuel cell stack.    Gas distribution chamber (2o,2u)    Gas collection chamber (3o,3u)    Gas inlets (4,4a; 6,6a)    Gas outlets (5,7)    Parallel flow channels (8o)
NOVELTY - Wastewater (14) is treated by introducing an alkane into the wastewater.    USE - The method is for treating municipal, agricultural, or industrial wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The use of butane which rapidly dissolves in the wastewater increases the heterogeneous microbial community and heterotrophic microbial population. This enhanced microbial population rapidly absorbs and mineralizes materials in the waste stream. It thus decreases the organic matter available in the wastewater effluent, thus reducing the biological oxygen demand, total dissolve solid, total organic carbon, sludge, or other pollutants. It also reduces noxious odors associated with municipal wastewater sludges.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus (10) for treating wastewater comprising a wastewater containment vessel (12), and an alkane injector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic side view of an alkane aerobic digester.    Apparatus (10)    Vessel (12)    Wastewater (14)
NOVELTY - A roller (12) having an embossing pattern (24) and a raised stabilization area adjacent to the periphery of the embossing pattern, is provided. A stabilizing force is applied to the stabilization area, to limit egress of the graphite material away from the embossing pattern.    USE - For embossing sheets of flexible graphite material to be used as components such as electrode or flow field plate in electrochemical fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - By forming the raised stabilization areas, the egress of the materials laterally away from the embossing pattern is prevented when the sheet is rolled between the embossing rollers. Thereby, undesired warping of the graphite sheet as it is embossed into desired shape is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for flexible graphite sheet embossing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic and elevational view of the rollers with the embossing pattern.    Roller (12)    Embossing pattern (24)
NOVELTY - Catalytic conversion of methane to higher (C2+) hydrocarbons comprises adding at least 5% of a C2+ hydrocarbon material to methane and contacting it with a catalyst comprising (wt.%): an acidic component (at least 3), a hydrogenation component (at least 0.1) and a support (to 100).    USE - Depending on the C2+ hydrocarbon material and the reaction conditions, the process is useful for producing either C3-C5 unsaturated hydrocarbons; products ranging from C2-C4 hydrocarbon gases to components of motor fuels, e.g. gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fuel; C2-C4 hydrocarbon gases and a 40-180 degrees C gasoline fraction; or C2-C4 hydrocarbon gases and a 30-150 degrees C light gasoline fraction.
NOVELTY - A mixing vessel (10) has a pair of inlets (14) including several tubes. The discharge ends of one of the inlet is placed downstream to the discharge ends of other inlet for mixing the fuel and oxidant close to a partial oxidation (POX) reactor, so as to preclude premature combustion of the fuel-oxidant mixture in the vessel.    USE - Gaseous fuel mixing apparatus for autothermal reformer, fuel processor for e.g. vehicle,    ADVANTAGE - The size of the tubes varies widely as desired depending upon the flow of oxidant and the fuel as well as the amount of mixing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of supplying mixture of fuel and air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of mixing vessel.    Mixing vessel (10)    Inlets (14)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen gas comprises generating reducing gas and steam and reducing metal oxides and oxidizing metals to produce hydrogen gas streams that can be extracted form the specific reaction zones.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas useful as a component of a combustion gas, in hydrogenation processes, in semiconductor fabrication, and as a fuel in a fuel cell, e.g. proton exchange membrane fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention enables the economical production of hydrogen gas in large volumes, can stand-alone and generate large volumes of hydrogen gas at low cost, and does not require separation from another gas species, e.g. carbon monoxide. The non-gaseous reactants are not physically moved during the process, heated, cooled, and reheated, which wastes valuable process energy. No transport of the non-gaseous reactants is required, thus simplifying the apparatus and reducing the overall cost of the hydrogen production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of hydrogen gas comprises:    (1) generation of a reducing gas;    (2) generating steam;    (3) contacting gas with first metal oxide in first reaction zone to reduce to the first metal;    (4) contacting steam with second metal in second reaction zone to oxidize to second metal oxide and a first hydrogen gas stream;    (5) extracting the hydrogen gas stream from second reaction zone;    (6) contacting gas with second metal oxide in second reaction zone to reduce to the second metal;    (7) contacting steam with first metal in first reaction zone to oxidize to first metal oxide and a second hydrogen gas stream; and    (8) extracting the hydrogen gas stream fro second reaction zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow sheet of a method for hydrogen production using iron and iron oxide.
NOVELTY - The wood waste based compost comprises pulp with or without addition of bark, with addition of 100-150 kg of waste vegetable ash and waste liquid cleaning sludge and incorporation of 50-100 kg of pulp and 0.01-0.02 per cent of selected microbial culture bio preparation. Also claimed is a process for making the compost.    USE - In agricultural chemistry.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The wood waste based compost comprises pulp with or without addition of bark, with addition of 100-150 kg of waste vegetable ash and waste liquid cleaning sludge and incorporation of 50-100 kg of pulp and 0.01-0.02 per cent of selected microbial culture bio preparation. Also claimed is a process for making the compost.    The process involves at least four months fermentation, giving organic matter 75-90 and total nitrogen 0.5-10 per cent respectively. Mechanical mixing gives compost of pH 6.5-7.5.
NOVELTY - In a drying furnace for manufacturing refuse derived fuel (RDF), waste is crushed after being classified according to physical properties and is then dried at different drying cylinders, and waste supply is controlled by regulating the rotation per minute of a screw conveyor according to the moisture content, mixing ratio and physical property by control part, producing a qualified product useful as a non-pollutant fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A drying furnace comprises drying cylinders, a mixer, a transferring conveyer (20), a discharge conveyer (39), a ventilation line (24), a main body (50) and a control part. In the main body, three dying cylinders are set at the top level, two drying cylinders are set at the middle level and a mixer is set at the bottom level, all of which are set horizontally to be driven by sprockets rotating by motors on supporting rollers. At the drying furnace cylinders, a transferring screw is provided to rotate independently by the driving motor. Dried waste is fed to the mixer of the cylindrical drum, in which screw plates (32) are radially installed. Combustible waste is fed through a screw conveyor (18) set at the fore end of the drying cylinders, fed to the mixer by the transferring conveyor at the opposite side and discharged through the discharge conveyor at the bottom. Hot air is supplied from a burner or incinerator to the drying cylinders and mixer.
NOVELTY - Feeding and composting methods of food waste using high speed vacuum fermentation drier are provided, which makes disposal of food wastes smoothly, prevents bad smell, and yields good quality animal feed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composting method is as follows: pouring food waste into a hopper(1) and carrying it to a screw conveyor belt to crush waste; dehydrating; vacuum drying in high speed from low speed; storing dried waste temporarily in a tank(6); fermenting for 12-13days in a fermentor(7), wherein fermentation is processed by decomposing saccharide and amino aid at 40deg.C, decomposing undegradable materials such as cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, etc. continuously at 50-60deg.C, and discharging left undegradable organics and aging at less than 40deg.C.; removing impurities from fermented waste. The feeding method includes the following steps in addition to the above composting method: crushing fermented food waste removing impurities; separating metal impurities(iron powder) from waste by magnetic separator; mixing with assorted feed; pelletizing; cooling and packing.
NOVELTY - A continuous feeding method of intermittent aeration de-watered filtrate for advanced treatment of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus and equipment thereof is provided, which remove phosphorus without any additional feeding of coagulants by biochemical treatment, so that can expect an improved treatment efficiency and stabilized treatment of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus. The system can be adopted to existing facility without changing of facilities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The continuous feeding is carried out as follows: (i) aerate at a condition of 3000-62000 mg/liter of microorganism concentration at aeration tank(1,2), 15-24 hours of hydraulic retention time, 100-140 min. of intermittent non-aeration and 100-140 min. of intermittent aeration at front reactor, 100-140 min. of non-aeration and 40-80 min. of aeration at post reactor; (ii) recycle 0.3-0.7 Q of sludge; (iii) withdraw excess sludge continuously, feed coagulant of Fe, Al, dewater and feed quantitatively de-watered filtrate to the front of the intermittent aeration tank(1,2) to remove bio-chemical phosphorus.
NOVELTY - A vertical self-sustained combustion-type carbonization furnace (1) comprises brightness detection meters (Cds-1,Cds-2) for the side wall portion corresponding to the operation level which decides processed material characteristics and throughput. A portion of organic waste raw material thrown from the upper portion is burned and carbonized with combustion heat. Charcoal is obtained and is cut down from the lower portion.    USE - For organic waste, such as paper sludge and livestock dung.    ADVANTAGE - The combustion furnace produces a carbonized product with improved quality by maintaining the raw material layer upper face level at a suitable position.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the operation of a vertical self-sustained combustion-type carbonization furnace. The upper limit level and lower limit level are set up centering on an operation level, such that a raw material layer upper-face level is positioned in the operation level. A brightness detection meter is provided to each setting level. When the raw material layer upper face level is detected in the upper limit level, the amount of supply of raw material is reduced. The cut-out amount of charcoal is increased and the raw material layer upper face level is reduced. When the raw material layer upper face level is in the lower limit level the cut-out amount of charcoal is increased to decrease the amount of supply of raw material. Hence the raw material level is raised and is operated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical self-sustained combustion-type carbonization furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbonization furnace (1)    Detection meters (Cds-1, Cds-2)
NOVELTY - A closed-type fuel cell has a generator (10) which generates brown gas, which is separated into hydrogen and oxygen using a separator (13). The separated hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to the negative and positive electrodes of the fuel cell (15), respectively.    USE - Closed cycle-type fuel cell for car.    ADVANTAGE - Durability of the fuel cell is improved. Cost is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a hydrogen and oxygen supplying method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of the closed cycle-type fuel cell.    (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Generator (10)    Separator (13)    Fuel cell (15)
NOVELTY - Waste gas containing carbon dioxide is passed through liming drainage liquid generated in a gelatin manufacturing process. The drainage liquid is then fed into an activated sludge tank for further treatment.    USE - For pretreatment of liming drainage liquid generated during gelatin manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - The pretreatment method stabilizes activated sludge treatment of liming drainage liquid, and prevents environmental problems such as global warming.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for carbon dioxide fixation method which involves reacting waste gas containing carbon dioxide with liming drainage liquid.
NOVELTY - The exhausted gas ejected from the treatment tank (2) is passed through the gap between the fillers arranged in the exhaust tube (8). Water from a tap is sprinkled on the filler through several nozzles (13) to cool the exhaust gas fed into the exhaust tube (8).    USE - Used in hotels, food processing factory for decomposition of foodstuff wastes and garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The selection range of a system which deodorizes the exhaust gas is extended by reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas emitted from apparatus and thus deodorizing effect is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The water sprinkling mechanism controls the sprinkling of water, based on temperature, ammonia concentration and pressure of the exhaust gas detected by respective detectors. A water storage tank receives the sprinkled water which is recirculated by a recirculating unit. The waste water controlling valve controls drain of water from the storage tank. A controller controls the waste water controlling valve and water supply controlling valve, based on the detected pH and temperature of the water in storage tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (2)    Exhaust tube (8)    Nozzles (13)
NOVELTY - The machine has several stirring blades (15) that are provided between the partition plates (12) which are arranged in a mutually different position in a treatment tank (10), along the moving direction of the processed material.    USE - Organic refuse fermentation machine.    ADVANTAGE - Enables adjustment of the moving speed of the processed material and obtains residence time suitable for the fermentation of processed material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each partition plate is adjustably provided at the installation position with respect to the inner wall of the treatment tank, and shape of each partition plates is changed by changing the coupling state of the adjusting units.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the organic refuse fermentation machine.    Treatment tank (10)    Partition plates (12)    Stirring blades (15)
NOVELTY - The organic substance processing apparatus comprises a processing chamber (1) which decompose-treats organic substances. Carrier of microorganisms are accommodated and a stirrer is installed. The processing chamber forms an outer side thin portion which is thinner than other portions, and contains a thermal-capacity-type moisture content sensor (15) which detects the moisture content in the chamber.    USE - For processing organic substances such as organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus prevents dropping off by the load while stirring and failure by leak from an attachment portion. Since the moisture content sensor easily detects the heat generation in the processing chamber, the temperature in the processing chamber is easily determined. Hence, the moisture content detection accuracy is improved. The moisture content in the processing chamber is accurately determined even from the outside of the processing chamber. The apparatus contains a moisture content adjusting component which adjusts the moisture content in the processing chamber based on the detection result of moisture content sensor. Hence, the moisture content in the processing chamber is set to an appropriate value automatically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic substance processing apparatus comprises a processing chamber (1) which decompose-treats organic substances, such as an organic refuse put in the processing chamber. A carrier of microorganisms which disassembles an organic substance are accommodated and a stirrer which stir-mixes a carrier is installed. The processing chamber forms an outer side thin portion which is thinner than other portions and contains a thermal-capacity-type moisture content sensor (15) which detects the moisture content in the processing chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of organic substance processing apparatus.    Processing chamber (1)    Moisture content sensor (15)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is supplied from raw material supply tank (1) to a methane-fermentation tank (3) and a de-sulfurizing agent consisting of liquid inorganic iron compound is added to the organic waste to de-sulfurize the organic waste in methane-fermentation tank. The organic waste is stored in tank (1) positioned front of the methane-fermentation tank.    USE - For methane fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - The de-sulfurization method is inexpensive and has high reaction efficiency. The iron sulfide generated is removed from the fermented liquor out of the methane-fermentation tank. Corrosion of a boiler or gas generator is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a flowsheet showing the de-sulfurization method of methane-fermentation process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Raw material supply tank (1)    Methane-fermentation tank (3)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of catalyst that selectively oxidizes carbon monoxide, involves sequentially supporting platinum and transition metal(s) on support. The catalyst promotes oxidation of carbon monoxide prior to hydrogen.    USE - For selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide present in a hydrogen rich gas, in fuel reformers of fuel-cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst enables to selectively oxidize carbon monoxide at low temperature of 100-200degreesC, hence start up time can be shortened and carbon monoxide concentration in hydrogen rich gas can be stably reduced irrespective of the temperature fluctuations that occur during oxidation. The catalyst is highly active, and enables to efficiently generate hydrogen for fuel cells in higher yield. Due to the high activity of the catalyst the oxidation portion is minimized and hence the size of entire apparatus is reduced. The catalyst prevents deterioration of fuel cell properties due to poisoning by carbon monoxide.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for manufacturing a plant culture medium from dewatered sludge, comprises fermenter (4) which promotes fermentation until it fulfills prescribed conditions for dewatered sludge, granulator for crushing dewatered sludge. The fermentation in fermenter is finalized and performs a granulation.    USE - For preparing plant culture medium from dewatered sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The culture medium can be prepared stably without producing the problem of stage variation of bad effect by the organic substance and physics and chemistry property, an odor and a generation amount.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for manufacturing a plant culture medium from dewatered sludge which involves fermenting the dewatered sludge until it fermented and granulating the fermented dewatered sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the plant-cultivation culture medium manufacturing apparatus.    Fermenter (4)    Drying machine (12)
NOVELTY - a non-flammable carbonized material is extracted from a rotary kiln (2) and is supplied to a cage mill (3). The brittle carbonized material is pulverized into a fine carbonized material in the cage and fine materials are separated to extract high purity carbonized material.    USE - For producing a fine carbonized material from combustible waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The process separates fine materials easily using a simple technique.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical front view of the carbonized material manufacturing device.    Rotary kiln (2)    Cage mill (3)
NOVELTY - A honeycomb structure (1) has inner and outer honeycomb segments (2a, 2b) with circulation holes (6) and partitions (10). The average wall thickness of the inner honeycomb segment is greater than the average wall thickness of the outer honeycomb segment with a honeycomb surface (23).    USE - For conveying catalysts used in IC engines, boilers, chemical reaction apparatus, modifiers for fuel cells and microparticle collection filters used in exhausts.    ADVANTAGE - The maximum temperature of the honeycomb structure is reduced, hence thermal stress failure of the honeycomb structure is avoided and regeneration efficiency and durability of the honeycomb structure are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a honeycomb assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the honeycomb structure and enlarged views of inner and outer segments.    Honeycomb structure (1)    Inner honeycomb segment (2a)    Outer honeycomb segment (2b)    Circulation holes (6)    Partition (10)    Honey-comb surface (23)
NOVELTY - The apparatus includes a screw feeder (2) for conveying particulate material and a fluid bed conveyance device (4). A cap (9) of funnel shape is provided at top of the conveyance device. An air intake mouth (13) is provided at bottom of the conveyance device. A stirring blade (26) for stirring the particulate materials is provided at the center of the conveyance device.    USE - For supplying particulate material such as biomass, e.g. plants, waste paper, weeds and thin wood to a gasifier.    ADVANTAGE - The need for special sealing by the cap is eliminated. The operativity is improved by the stirring blade.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical side view of the particulate material supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Screw feeder (2)    Fluid bed conveyance device (4)    Cap (9)    Air intake mouth (13)    Stirring blade (26)
NOVELTY - A compressor (3) and fuel tank (6) supplies air and hot gas respectively to the fuel cell stack (1). A controller (13) controls the air pressure and flow rate of gas supplied to the fuel cell stack.    USE - For controlling fuel cell used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the air pressure and flow rate of gas is controlled, the power consumption of the compressor is controlled efficiently and the energy conservation is enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell stack (1)    Compressor (3)    Fuel tank (6)    Controller (13)
NOVELTY - The austenitic alloy consists of (in mass%) carbon (0.01-0.1), manganese (0.05-2), chromium (19-26), and nickel (10-35), and has silicon content satisfying a specific relation.    USE - As steel material of modifier (claimed), such as a domestic fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The austenitic alloy comprises an oxide film which does not peel, even repeated heating-cooling cycle is performed, and is not carburized by corrosive gas. The austenitic alloy for steel materials has high heat resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The austenitic alloy contains (in mass%) carbon (0.01-0.1), manganese (0.05-2), chromium (19-26), and nickel (10-35), and has silicon content satisfying a relation 0.01 less than Si less than (Cr+0.15xNi-18)/10.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Steel materials; and    (2) Modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the relation between silicon content of the alloy and value (Cr+0.15xNi-18)/10. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A switching equipment (8) changes the flow direction of hydrogen purified by a purifier (6), for storage in a high pressure vessel (12) or for re-purification by another purifier (15). The re-purified hydrogen is stored in another pressure vessel (16).    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prolongs life of auxiliary purifier to obtain high purity hydrogen. Since the compressor for re-purification of hydrogen is not necessary, the facility cost is reduced, and hence an economical hydrogen station is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The purifier (6) purifies the hydrogen produced by a water electrolyzer (4). A compressor (7) compresses the purified hydrogen between the purifier and switching equipment which reduces the pressure of purified hydrogen flowing towards the re-purification side. The pressure vessel (16) storing the re-purified hydrogen has hydrogen occlusion material (MH) which occludes re-purified hydrogen under reduced pressure. Activated alumina (17) and silica gel and molecular sieve (18) are used as adsorbent in the purifiers (6,15) respectively. A regeneration facility (3) performs regeneration of purifier (6) during regeneration of purifier (15) used as auxiliary purifier. The regeneration temperature of molecular sieve is higher than the regeneration temperature of activated alumina and silica gel. The remaining regeneration heat of molecular sieve is used for regeneration of gel. The vortex tube is used as dehumidifier in purifier (6).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above hydrogen station. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Regeneration facility (3)    Water electrolysis equipment (4)    Purifiers (6,15)    Compressor (7)    Switching equipment (8)    Pressure vessels (12,16)    Activated alumina (17)    Molecular sieve (18)    Hydrogen occlusion material (MH)
NOVELTY - An ion supply source substance which may be a sodium compound or lithium compound and reformed gas are supplied to positive and negative electrodes (11b,11a) of a fuel-cell. The carbon dioxide in the reformed gas is converted to carbonate by impressing a voltage between the electrodes from a power supply.    USE - Fuel-cell electricity generation system for generating electricity using gas exhausted from sewage works, foodstuff industry, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the electricity generation efficiency of the system as fixation and extraction of CO2 are continuously performed. Reduces the running cost of the facility such as sewage works and foodstuff industry, as the curtailment of greenhouse gas is effectively performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A methane thickener tank (20) carries out fixed removal of carbon dioxide from sewage gas generated by anaerobic process of organic sludge which is rich in methane. A reformation unit (10) reforms the gas rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The fixing units (1,2) carries out removal of carbon dioxide from the reformed gas. The fixing units are arranged along the circulation path of the reformed gas in the air hole side of the fuel-cell. The fixing unit and methane thickener tank have suspending supports fixed to the carbon dioxide circulation pipe. The fuel-cell (11) introduces hydrogen in the reformed gas and performs electricity generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel-cell electricity generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fixing units (1,2)    Reformation unit (10)    Fuel-cell (11)    Negative and positive electrodes (11a,11b)    Methane thickener tank (20)
NOVELTY - The output value of a metallic oxide semiconductor gas sensor, specifying the detection level of combustible gas, is obtained and detected whether the value increases or remains constant in a high temperature range. The high temperature range is extended so as to continue the detection of combustible gas by the sensor in a predetermined time.    USE - For detecting the combustible gas such as methane, isobutane using metallic oxide semiconductor gas sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the detection time lag with respect to rapid generation of high concentration combustible gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas detection apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit diagram of the gas detection apparatus.    (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The controller (401) controls the quantity of gas supplied to a fuel modifier, based on the output of a concentration sensor (600) which detects the concentration of water vapor in fuel vapor exhausted from an evaporator (102), and a flow rate sensor (601) which detects the quantity of the exhausted fuel vapor.    USE - For fuel cell used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Even when the vapor component supplied to fuel modifier changes greatly from that of the evaporator, the quantity of gas supplied to the fuel modifier is effectively controlled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel reformation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Evaporator (102)    Controller (401)    Water vapor concentration sensor (600)    Flow rate sensor (601)
NOVELTY - An auger (14) is mounted to a traveling truck (13), so that the auger is moved inside the tank (1) to stir the fermenting waste (2). A roll off (4B) is provided in the side wall (3H) of the casing (3), expanding from it so as to put back the waste depositing to the side walls of the treatment tank.    USE - For treatment of organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids deposition of waste in side walls and promotes uniform stirring.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded view of the treatment tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Tank (1)    Fermenting waste (2)    Casing (3)    Side wall of casing (3H)    Roll off (4B)    Traveling truck (13)
NOVELTY - An electrical or mechanical actuator actuates a deposition prevention tool provided on a shooter (32), such that deposition of organic refuse on concerned shooter is suppressed forcedly.    USE - For discharging organic refuse in organic refuse disposer used in home.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse is discharged effectively, by preventing the deposition of organic refuse on concerned shooter. The operation noise and running cost are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the organic refuse discharging apparatus.    Shooter (32)
NOVELTY - A vibrator (12) is attached at the backside of a base material water content sensor (2) that is supported on the wall surface of a reaction container through an elastic material (10). The wall surface of the reaction container is also vibrated along with the sensor so that base material adhered onto the wall surface fall into the reaction container.    USE - For processing organic refuse from store, home, etc., using microorganism microbe group.    ADVANTAGE - Degradation of detection accuracy of water content of the base material due to adhesion of base material onto wall surface of reaction container is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Base material water content sensor (2)    Elastic material (10)    Vibrator (12)
NOVELTY - The organic-reuse processing system includes a treatment tank (1) which decomposes the organic refuse. A deodorizing apparatus (3) deodorizes exhaust gas from the tank. A flow path switching valve (5) switches exhaust gas from the deodorizing apparatus to exhaust tubes (6,7) and then to another deodorizing apparatus (8).    USE - Organic-refuse processing system.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse processing system suitably processes the organic waste so that the odor, which is generated by the garbage disposal is minimized and a high processing efficiency is realized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the organic-refuse processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Treatment tank (1)    Deodorizing apparatus (3)    Flow path switching valve (5)    Exhaust tubes (6,7)    Deodorizing apparatus (8)
NOVELTY - A stirring blade (9) provided inside to treatment tank, stirs and mixes the organic refuse and carrier of micro-organism in the tank (1). A Stocker (34) detachedly mounted to external case (2), accumulates processed material outflowing through upper discharge port (30). A stocker is supported at the bottom by a support (26), so that the center of gravity of stocker is situated in front.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents leakage of processed material, as the stocker supported at the bottom to eliminates inappropriate installation, and thereby prevents entry of water, insects, etc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Tank (1)    External case (2)    Stirring blade (9)    Support (26)    Discharge port (30)    Stocker (34)
NOVELTY - Soil microbe adhering to an organic-refuse is activated in an air sealed fermentation tank (3) during lactic acid fermentation utilizing brown sugar. A liquid is separated from the tank (3) and poured to a bath (8) for aerobic fermentation. The pressure of the bath is made into a batch pressure level. The organic-refuse is supplied and the solid matter is taken out from top of the tank.    USE - For recycling organic-refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to produce compost by aerobic and anaerobic processing of refuse. Organic-refuse with high moisture content is fermented smoothly. Enables hygienic processing by separately processing organic refuse in the fermenter and the bath subsequently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Organic-refuse recycling equipment; and    (2) Organic-refuse recycling product.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front view of the fermenter.    Fermentation tank (3)    Bath (8)
NOVELTY - The worn tatami mat ground material has CEC of less than 55 meq/100g. The ground material is added with specific amounts of organic refuse and livestock excrements for compost manufacture.    USE - Worn tatami mat ground material used in compost manufacture (claimed). Also used as buffer filler of box stuffing for earthenware, fruits, domestic electrical appliances. Also used as soil improvement material, water retaining material for horticulture application. Also used as livestock excrement treating agent. Also used as floor covering material for livestock shed.    ADVANTAGE - The worn tatami mat is fermented in its early stages, since the ground material has superior characteristics such as high elasticity, specific surface area, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for compost manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - A crushing unit (50) is arranged facing the raising path (1) of a gathering plate (21) of a stir mechanism (20) to break the compost lump (45a) conveyed by the plate.    USE - For processing compost such as sludges, food waste, excrements of pig, horse, cow, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies structure of crushing unit that crushes compost lump reliably. Enables utilizing power of stir mechanism for operating crushing unit. Simplifies compost processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial sectional side view of compost processing device.    Stir mechanism (20)    Gathering up plate (21)    Compost lump (45a)    Crushing unit (50)
NOVELTY - A fermenter (3) is mounted with a diesel engine drive type stirring apparatus (1), for carrying out fermentation of organic-refuse at high temperature, to obtain a compost at high speed.    USE - For producing compost for use in organic-refuse collection vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - As the structure of the organic-refuse processing apparatus is simplified, cost reduction is attained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) An organic-refuse collection vehicle;    (2) A compost production facility; and    (3) A compost processing facility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the compost processing facility.    Stirring apparatus (1)    Fermenter (3)
NOVELTY - A stirring frame (30) comprising stirring blade (33) supported across pair of legs (34a,34b) rotates in reaction chamber (R) having a semicircular bottom. The organic waste and ceramic balls impregnated with micro-organisms are flowed through the space between the legs as the stirring frame rotates.    USE - For decomposing organic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Improves decomposition efficiency, as micro-organism in ceramic balls react with organic matter by mixing by stirring frame.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view cross-section diagram of organic waste processing apparatus.    Stirring frame (30)    Stirring blade (33)    Legs (34a,34b)
NOVELTY - A heater (7) heats the exhaust gas in a heat treatment tank. The heated exhausted gas is passed to a deodorizing device (6). The deodorized air is then preheated, and sent to the heat treatment tank.    USE - For decomposing and processing of organic substances, such as garbage.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reduction of the running cost greatly, and maintains the high deodorization property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic substance processing apparatus.    Deodorizing device (6)    Heater (7)
NOVELTY - A treatment tank accommodates organic waste that is ground slowly. Water content produced during grinding is absorbed. Oxygen is supplied to the organic waste decomposed by microorganisms, through a ventilator and carbon dioxide gas generated during the decomposition is ejected through an exhaust port.    USE - For decomposing organic waste output from kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Processes large amount of organic waste, without generating odor. The organic fertilizer obtained by the decomposition is transported to farmland easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an organic waste processing apparatus.
NOVELTY - An oxygen manufacturing apparatus (10) produces high-purity oxygen that is compressed, by electrically driven compressors (12,13) and stored in an oxygen storage tank (15). A pressure-governing apparatus (3) adjusts the pressure of oxygen from the storage tank, and a power generating plant (16) uses the high-purity oxygen for electricity generation.    USE - For use in power generation plant.    ADVANTAGE - The volume and installation space of the storage tank, and the scale of electrically driven compressors are reduced. Thus expenses with respect to compressors, storage tank construction and energy storage, is compressed and oxygen of high-purity is utilized as fuel effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the compressed-oxygen energy storage system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pressure-governing apparatus (3)    Oxygen manufacturing apparatus (10)    Electrically driven compressors (12,13)    Oxygen storage tank (15)    Power generating plant (16)
NOVELTY - Production of a catalytic component on a metallic or ceramic support comprises applying the catalytic component in at least one layer containing a water-repelling component on the metallic or ceramic support. The water-repelling component is applied together or alternately with a catalytically active component in one process step. The layer containing the water-repelling component has a porosity permeable for gas and/or gaseous media.    USE - Used in a catalytic burner for selective carbon monoxide oxidation, in a reformer and in a catalytic heat exchanger in a fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The component is insensitive to condensate formation and mechanical and/or thermal stress.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preferred Features: The layer containing the water-repelling component is produced by applying a material mixture containing the catalytically active and water-repelling components, in which the concentration of both materials is constant in the direction of the layer thickness. The layer is applied by spraying, printing, painting or rinsing. Pore formers are added to the material mixture.
NOVELTY - The general-purpose waste macro-recycling system has a wet organic waste receptacle and a dry waste receptacle. The wet and dry waste materials are collected separately but simultaneously, and are treated in e.g. anaerobic composters and thermoelectric energy and biogas processors.    USE - In mechanical engineering.
NOVELTY - Fermenting intermittently produced biomass (A) comprises: (a) aerobic hydrolysis of homogenized (A) in a fermenter; (b) dewatering the product to 10-20% solids and/or altering pH to inactivate it; (c) intermediate storage; (d) preparation of anaerobic bacteria, and (e) the inactivated biomass is treated anaerobically in a fermenter by direct addition of the cultured bacteria from (d).    USE - The method is used to produce biogas for use as motor fuel, e.g. in combined heat and power systems.    ADVANTAGE - When applied to seasonally produced biomass, the method permits continuous production of biogas having a methane content over 50 (up to 78)%, the inactivated material can be stored, and the final process residues can be disposed of without additional treatment. The use of precultured bacteria means that the anaerobic stage is much quicker than in conventional processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fermenting intermittently produced biomass (A) comprises:    (a) aerobic hydrolysis of homogenized (A) in a fermenter;    (b) dewatering the product to 10-20% solids and/or altering pH to inactivate it;    (c) intermediate storage;    (d) preparation of anaerobic bacteria, and    (e) the inactivated biomass is treated anaerobically in a fermenter by direct addition of the cultured bacteria from (d).    (A) is particularly marc from grapes, used for production of methane. The required number and type of anaerobic bacteria are produced in parallel, and maintained, in a second fermenter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Diagram of the fermentation system.    Collection tank (1)    Aerobic fermenter (2)    Storage container for aerobic bacteria (3)    Anaerobic fermentor (5)    Fermentor for growing Methanobacter and Acetobacter (6)    Filter to remove carbon dioxide and nitrogen from the biogas (9)    Intermediate storage for inactivated biomass from (2) (11)
NOVELTY - Producing a ferrihydrite humus complex comprises a mineral addition and fermentation step by composting a mixture of organic compounds through fermentation while maintaining within a defined condition with addition of an aqueous mineral solution simultaneously, and a post-composting mineral-addition step.    USE - The method is useful for the production of ferrihydrite humus complex from organic waste while carrying out waste treatment. Such complex is for promoting recovery of soil resources including catalytic ability, aggregation, microbial and enzyme activities, and improving microbial environment. Such method is particularly applicable in waste management and agriculture, and for the industrial production of ferrihydrite.    ADVANTAGE - The method is useful for the full utilization of waste, and protection of the environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for producing a ferrihydrite humus complex comprises a mineral addition and fermentation step by composting a mixture of organic compounds through fermentation while maintaining within a defined condition with addition of an aqueous mineral solution simultaneously which is an inorganic acid extract of a sedimentary rock soil and contains iron(III) hydroxide (ferric hydroxide; Fe(OH)3), and a post-composting mineral-addition step of adding such aqueous mineral solution to the mixture of organic compounds composted previously while maintaining within the defined condition.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a ferrihydrite humus complex made by fermenting organic compounds in the presence of an aqueous solution of an inorganic acid extract from sedimentary rock soil with iron being the most abundant metal.
NOVELTY - Each gas reactant distributor (14) is a reticulated porous three-dimensional structure with 80% porosity. The distributor has a ductile basic skeleton of nickel metal or alloy used under compression in its elastic domain and a conductive top layer of chromium corrosion resistance metal or alloy.    USE - Electrochemical fuel cell for e.g. cells using hydrogen, methanol, oxygen, etc., as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The ductile and elastic basic skeleton allows the gas distributor to support its compression in a compartment of the fuel cell with no degradation of its porous structure and the top layer of the corrosion resistant material protects the nickel metal against corrosion without seriously affecting its ductility and elasticity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a simplified structure of the electrochemical cell.    Gas reactant distributors (14)
NOVELTY - The fuel or oxidant gas for a fuel cell (2) is passed through several liquid-permeable tubes (11). The hot humidified gas is then passed over the liquid-permeable tubes such that the fuel or oxidant gas is humidified and heated by the humidified gas.    USE - For humidifying fuel or oxidant gas for fuel cell used for stationary power generation in remote locations and also used as backup power for hospitals and other facilities.    ADVANTAGE - The humidification apparatus is highly efficient so that the cost of the fuel cell is reduced. The humidification apparatus in fuel cell has high corrosion resistance, so that it is unaffected by de-ionized water or fuel and exhaust gases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Combination assembly;    (2) Fuel cell humidification method;    (3) Fuel cell humidification apparatus; and    (4) Fuel cell input humidification method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagrammatic view of the dehumidification apparatus to the fuel cell used for gas-to-gas moisture exchange.    Fuel cell (2)    Liquid-permeable tubes (11)
NOVELTY - Adding low concentrations of platinum group metals to copper-based catalysts to reduce or prevent the deactivation of the catalyts that would otherwise occur upon exposure to steam at temperatures above 220 degreesC.    USE - For producing hydrogen for fuel cells, particularly proton exchange membrane fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has improved stability on exposure to high steam concentrations at reduced temperatures. The catalytic deactivity and degradation are prevented by adding platinum group metal in reduced concentration. The addition of copper produces inexpensive catalysts compared with conventional catalyst. The catalyst has improved mechanical strength and heat capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of hydrogen involves contacting an input gas stream containing steam and carbon monoxide with a water-gas shift catalyst below 350degrees C. The water gas shift catalyst comprises at least 50 weight% of an oxide support selected from activated alumina, zirconia, titania, silica and/or zeolites. The catalyst further comprises copper or its oxide, 0.01-0.5 weight% of a platinum group metal and a reducible metal oxide dispersed on the oxide support. The platinum group metal is selected from platinum, palladium, rhodium, osmium, iridium and/or ruthenium. The reducible metal oxide is selected from oxides of chromium, vanadium, molybdenum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, titanium, nickel, manganese and cobalt.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel processor unit for supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A modifying portion (2) surrounding a burner (1), has a gas exhaust port (22). A heat exchanger (4) has a high temperature portion which is connected directly with the gas exhaust port.    USE - For solid state polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Heat from the burner is transmitted efficiently to the modifying portion, thereby operativity of modifier is enhanced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of fuel modifier.    Burner (1)    Modifying portion (2)    Heat exchanger (4)    Gas exhaust port (22)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises a reactor that produces a hydrogen-rich gas stream with carbon monoxide and an apparatus, for removing carbon monoxide from the hydrogen-rich gas stream, that comprises: (1) a housing; (2) a catalyst that performs a water gas shift reaction; and (3) an adsorbent that is adapted to adsorb carbon dioxide to shift equilibrium toward carbon monoxide consumption.    USE - For generating carbon monoxide-free hydrogen to be fed to an automotive fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system provides quick carbon monoxide uptake during start-up, allowing for shortened start-up duration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for removing carbon monoxide from a hydrogen-rich gas stream produced in a reactor comprising passing the hydrogen-rich gas stream from the reactor through a vessel which houses a catalyst that performs a water gas shift reaction, and an adsorbent that adsorbs carbon monoxide to shift equilibrium toward carbon monoxide consumption.
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen from a reformer by dissolving carbon monoxide contained in a gas derived from fuel reforming in a solvent to produce hydrogen devoid of carbon monoxide.    USE - For producing hydrogen to power a fuel cell in a motor vehicle to generate electrical power.    ADVANTAGE - The invention does not contain toxic carbon monoxide and provides hydrogen from a gas containing carbon monoxide derived from fuel reforming without employing a hydrogen permeable membrane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of hydrogen from a reformer comprises:    (1) producing a vapor containing a solvent capable of dissolving carbon monoxide and water;    (2) subjecting the vapor to an electrically heated reformer catalyst to produce a gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide;    (3) subjecting carbon monoxide to an electrically heated steam shifting catalyst to create a gas containing hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide remaining from steam shifting;    (4) scrubbing the gas containing remaining carbon monoxide in the solvent;    (5) separating the scrubbed gas containing hydrogen devoid of carbon monoxide from the solvent containing dissolved carbon monoxide;    (6) vaporizing the solvent containing dissolved carbon monoxide from sensible heat of the gas containing remaining carbon monoxide; and    (7) combining vapor containing water vapor to the solvent vapor containing carbon monoxide to provide vapor containing the solvent and water vapor to produce a gas containing hydrogen devoid of carbon monoxide.
NOVELTY - Heater (13) arranged on a substrate (12), has electrodes (17a,17b) formed on it and a resistor (14) provided adjacent to it. An insulating film (15) formed on the heater has a lamination of solid-electrolyte membrane (16). A battery supplies power to the heater which heats the solid-electrolyte membrane to predetermined temperature, based on resistance value of the resistor and electrode output.    USE - Gas sensor used in gas combustion apparatus for gas leak alarm, coalarm, stinking sensor application.    ADVANTAGE - Allows correct setting of the temperature of the solid-electrolyte membrane by supplying power based on the resistance value of resistor and electrodes of the heater. Therefore stable output from the gas sensor is achieved and power consumption is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of the gas sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrate (12)    Heater (13)    Resistor (14)    Insulating film (15)    Solid-electrolyte membrane (16)    Electrodes (17a,17b)
NOVELTY - Anaerobic digester (1) has supply unit for supplying raw water containing organic drainage liquid, flocculent supply unit, solid-liquid separation unit (3) for separating effluent into solid and liquid, sludge return unit for returning separated sludge to digester, modification unit for modifying biodegradable portion from effluent, and modified liquid return unit.    USE - For processing raw water containing organic drainage liquids such as organic sludge and human waste.    ADVANTAGE - The volume of the sludge is reduced efficiently in anaerobic digester.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for anaerobic digesting method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram showing the anaerobic digester. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Anaerobic digester (1)    Solid-liquid separation unit (3)
NOVELTY - Ammonia of a waste water containing high-boiling-point organic compound and ammonia is dissipated from liquid phase to obtain ammonia gas, for purifying the waste water. The high-boiling-point organic compound is concentrated and the concentrated liquid is gasified. The gas obtained from the gasification process and the ammonia gas are decomposed in the presence of a catalyst.    USE - For purifying waste water containing high-boiling-point organic compound, such as tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide and ammonia.    ADVANTAGE - The waste water containing ammonia and high-boiling-point organic compound is efficiently processed to harmless nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water. The purifier is simple in application and it efficiently processes the waste water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a purifier. The purifier comprises an ammonia dissipation portion (11), a condensation portion (16), a gasification portion (18) and a decomposition portion (22). The ammonia dissipation portion dissipates ammonia from liquid phase. The condensation portion concentrates the high-boiling-point organic compound. The gasification portion gasifies the concentrated liquid ejected from the condensation portion. The decomposition portion decomposes the gas emitted from the gasification portion and the ammonia gas, in the presence of a catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model of the purifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Ammonia dissipation portion (11)    Condensation portion (16)    Gasification portion (18)    Decomposition portion (22)
NOVELTY - The water stored in a water tank (11) is used to decompose the organic refuse by microorganisms in a decomposing apparatus (12). A post-processing equipment (13) connected to the decomposing apparatus, drains waste water from the water tank after decomposition and recirculates the treated water to the water tank for decomposing another organic refuse.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse using microorganism.    ADVANTAGE - Enables decomposition of organic refuse using the treated water when water is not available from the water works. Thereby eliminates the need for fresh water. Enables to supplement the variation of water quantity in the water tank during unseasonable weather, as the overflow pipe is provided to the water tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The water tank has a feed pipe (17) which replenishes water from the water works, and an overflow pipe through which the overflown water of the tank flows. The post-processing apparatus has a splitting unit to decompose the water from the decomposition apparatus into fat and oil and an eutrophication preventing unit to remove phosphorus, ammonia and nitrogen from the treated water. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic refuse decomposing method, which involves recirculating treated water, after decomposing organic refuse, to the storage tank, for decomposing another organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the organic refuse decomposing system.    Water tank (11)    Decomposing apparatus (12)    Post-processing equipment (13)    Feed pipe (17)
NOVELTY - The organic waste material containing halogen is heat processed inside a carbonization equipment (1), and supplied with an inert gas, such as helium, argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, containing oxygen of 0.5 vol% or less, to produce a volatile substance.    USE - For processing of domestic organic waste material, in incineration plant.    ADVANTAGE - Improves heat processing efficiency by the introduction of inert gas with oxygen. Prevents environmental pollution by suppressing generation of dioxins.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front sectional view of twin-drum type horizontal carbonization equipment.    Carbonizing equipment (1)
NOVELTY - The primary refuse material crushed, dried and separated into lightweight material and heavy weight material. The lightweight material is subjected to secondary crushing, and heavy weight material is subjected to third order crushing.    USE - For classifying refuse for manufacture of solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the rate of recycling by use of second order and third order crushing of refuse material.
NOVELTY - Exhaust ports (20,22) are on the upstream side of heating chamber (21) of dry distillation chamber (18). Catalyst layer (23) is in the high temperature gas exhaust port (22).    USE - For carbonization of waste materials and other flammables.    ADVANTAGE - Enables performance of a carbonization process stably. Reaction of residual oxygen in carbonization combustion gas is accelerated more by maintaining a catalyst at high temperature, and hence provides odorless gas emissions. Air supply for aiding combustion is suppressed when amount of combustible gas is reduced, and also the decomposition reaction of the carbonization reaction is accelerated by increasing this air supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the above carbonization process equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Dry distillation chamber (18)    Exhaust ports (20,22)    Heating chamber (21)    Catalyst layer (23)
NOVELTY - Waste material is melted and maintained at a temperature above its melting point, for about 3 minutes or more, to remove the gasified contaminants.    USE - For gasification of waste substances, such as domestic and industrial wastes.    ADVANTAGE - Residual carbon and contaminants are removed simultaneously during separation of slag and metal, thus enabling production of a metal of high quality. Damage of refractory lining in homogenization furnace is reduced to less than 50%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a gasification melting furnace.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply stand has hydrogen formation units (2,3,4) which differ in energy source used for forming hydrogen, hydrogen storage unit (6) for storing formed hydrogen, hydrogen formation controller (1) which individually controls implementation of hydrogen supply for storage unit from formation unit, and hydrogen measurement supply unit (7) to measure and supply stored hydrogen to hydrogen motor vehicle.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to hydrogen motor vehicles which use hydrogen as power fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen supply stand produces and supplies hydrogen economically and stably. The hydrogen supply stand produces hydrogen from gasoline, alcohol fuel and/or LNG, thus eliminating the need for gasoline station facility. The output of carbon dioxide is reduced. When the electrical power is not obtained by wind power, a conventional power-transmission electrical power source can be used in emergency to produce hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composition of the hydrogen supply stand. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen formation controller (1)    Hydrogen formation units (2,3,4)    Hydrogen storage unit (6)    Hydrogen measurement supply unit (7)    Wind-power unit (8)
NOVELTY - The fuel supply pipe (2) which supplies fuel from a movable type butane cylinder (1) to a modifier (3), is branched and connected to a drain tank (5). The branched pipe transfers drain from fuel supply pipe to the tank.    USE - Fuel cell generator for domestic purposes.    ADVANTAGE - As reformed gas is used for electricity generation and liquid fuel is collected in the drain tank, mixing of liquid fuel with heating gas is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifier (3) generates reformed gas which is utilized by the fuel cell (4) for electricity generation. The drain tank (5) is heated by a heater attached to its outer wall. The heater uses exhaust heat from modifier and fuel cell by providing a thermally conductive metal arrangement between the fuel cell and the modifier. The flow of fuel from cylinder is controlled by a switching valve (7). On closing of the switching valve, another switching valve connected in parallel to the valve is left open.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Movable type butane cylinder (1)    Fuel supply pipe (2)    Modifier (3)    Fuel cell (4)    Drain tank (5)    Switching valve (7)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell reformer has a modifier (22) for producing a heating gas containing hydrogen, a starting combustor (20) for producing a combustion gas, a mixing vessel (21) for supplying fuel and air to the modifier and a temperature detector (51) for detecting temperature of the modifier. When the temperature of the modifier reaches a preset value, the supply of air and fuel from the mixing vessel is stopped.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The threshold of the modifier in the reformer during starting, is accelerated by additionally supplying fuel and air. A modification catalyst present in the reformer is activated in its earlier stages. The degradation of the modification catalyst by oxidation, is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel-cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Starting combustor (20)    Mixing vessel (21)    Modifier (22)    Temperature detector (51)
NOVELTY - Timber is heated at 300-1000 degrees C and an oxygen concentration of 10% or less in a rotary kiln or drier. The gas generated by heating is burnt in a combustion furnace connected to the kiln and the timber is carbonized.    USE - For fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Timber carbonization is carried out efficiently. Timber is carbonized inexpensively by using the kiln or drier used for cement production. The deterioration of quality of the carbonized material is prevented.
NOVELTY - The metal borate, an alkaline earth metal and another metal which is alloyed with alkaline earth metal, are reacted at more than 500 degrees C, under reduced gas atmosphere with a pressure of 1 MPa or more and a metal borohydride containing a hydrogen atom is obtained. The another metal has a melting point of more than 1000 degrees C.    USE - For manufacture of metal borohydride from metal borate, used as hydrogen source of release for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The conversion ratio of metal borate to metal borohydride is increased easily and reliably. The metal borohydride which produces hydrogen gas, is suitable for use as hydrogen source of release in fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A throttle valve (14) is provided between a carbon-monoxide removal device (5) and a water vapor generator (2). A feed water preheating line (20) is introduced into the water vapor generator, after supplying the feed water to cool the catalyst in carbon-monoxide removal device.    USE - In fuel cell power generating device (claimed) for reforming water vapor.    ADVANTAGE - Provides reformed gas of stable composition by generating stable vapor without pulsation using the throttle valve. Improves the life span of fuel cell power generating device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell power generating device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Water vapor generator (2)    Carbon-monoxide removal device (5)    Throttle valve (14)    Feed water preheating line (20)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen generation method involves heating a metal hydride in the presence of a transition metal oxide catalyst. The transition metal in the catalyst has lower oxidation number.    USE - For fuel cells of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The method performs hydrolysis of a metal hydride without adding water, thereby reducing the size of hydrogen generator. The reaction is controlled easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The transition metal atom contained in the transition metal oxide is a metal of lanthanoid or 6-11 group. The metal hydride is alkali metal hydride, alkaline earth metal hydride, 13 group metal hydride and/or a complex metal hydride.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the hydrogen generator.
NOVELTY - The gasifier housing (16) has supply tanks (15,13A) which supply water vapor (14) and biomass (12) to the gasifier. A fluid-bed furnace (19) with the biomass and an oxidizing agent supply tanks (13B,19), surrounds the gasifier housing.    USE - For producing biogas from agricultural product, or by-product, timber, plant, etc., for use as energy, industrial raw material, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The fluid-bed furnace surrounding the house maintains uniform temperature in the housing. The combustion reaction in the gas boiler imparts uniform heat. The water vapor can be heated efficiently to produce biogas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sidewall along the inner surface of the housing has holes through which high temperature water vapor is supplied to the housing. Additional gasifier housings with side walls, comprising heat sinks, have biomass and oxidizing agent. The biomass is heated by the combustion reaction. The water vapor is heated by the heat sinks in the housing, for gasifying the biomass. The rotating regenerators interposed between the inner surface of the combustion furnace and a gas boiler housing at the periphery of vertical shaft, transfer heat generated due to combustion in one furnace to another furnace.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) Biomass gasification system which purifies the biogas and the gas in the turbine using refined gas as a fuel; and    (2) Methanol synthesis system which purifies H2 in refined gas and synthesizes methanol from CO.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the biomass gasifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Biomass (12)    Supply tanks (13A,15)    Oxidizing agent supply tanks (13B,19)    Supply water vapor (14)    Gasifier housing (16)    Fluid-bed furnace (19)
NOVELTY - A treatment tank (10) is formed of a material such as plastic or glass fiber which is same as the material used for forming a coating layer on the water supply and sewerage pipes (2,3).    USE - In foodstuff industry, agricultural and forestry product processing factory, home, etc.    ADVANTAGE - As the treatment tank is made of material such as plastic or glass fiber, sound-insulation effect is improved and durability of the apparatus is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Floor plate (1)    Water supply and sewerage pipes (2, 3)    Heat-insulation air space (4)    Upper-board (5)    Stirring blade (6)    Stirring gear motor (7)    Air blower (8)    Electric heater (9)    Treatment tank (10)    Drive unit chamber (11)    Top plate (12)    Stir shaft (18)
NOVELTY - Exhaust gas supplied to a heater (7) from a treatment tank is pre-heated by passing the high temperature exhaust gas through a deodorizing device with an oxidation catalyst. Pre-heated exhaust gas is again heated by the heater, and used for heating the air supplied inside the treatment tank.    USE - Organic substance processing apparatus, for treatment of organic substances e.g. garbage.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the load of the heater and driving cost, and exhibits high deodorizing property. Uses heat of the high temperature exhaust gas effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic substance processing apparatus.    Stir body (3)    Air supply air path (4)    Exhaust air path (5)    Deodorizing vehicle (6)    Heater (7)    Air supply opening (13)    Exhaust port (14)    Temperature sensor (15, 16)    By-pass line (50, 51)    Electromagnetic shut-off valve (52, 53)    Heat exchanger (E1, E2, E3)
NOVELTY - The organic material inserted into the decomposition and mixing vessel through an inlet (9) is constantly stirred by several stirring bars (22) provided to rotation shaft. The microorganisms stored in the granular stirring medium decomposes the organic waste and the final product is removed through the discharge port (15) which opposes the inlet.    USE - For decomposing organic waste and biomass containing agriculture and fishery byproducts.    ADVANTAGE - Large volume of organic wastes are treated simply and harmful substances are easily removed from soil, refuse on fish, etc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory front view of the decompose-treating equipment of organic waste.    Inlet (9)    Discharge port (15)    Network sieve (16)    Stirring medium return pipe (17)    Housing (18)    Electrically driven sieve machine (20)    Stirring medium blade (21)    Stirring bars (22)    Stirring element (23)    Driver (26)
NOVELTY - The apparatus is separated into two sections (1A,1B) for storing compostable material and for accommodating pair of conic milling discs (10,11) for metering stored compostable material, respectively.    USE - E.g. for milled cellulose wood, different mixtures of lignocellulosic and organic materials.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus has high storage capability and performs constant flow rate metering of compostable materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the compostable material storing and metering apparatus.    Apparatus section (1A,1B)    Conic milling discs ((10,11)
NOVELTY - A new bioreactor stimulates the growth of micro-organisms present in waste water using a high-frequency oscillator (16). Waste water flows around the oscillator stimulating micro-organisms. Also micro-organism biochemical processes trigger high frequency oscillations which stimulate micro-organism activity.    USE - Piezo-electric waste water treatment process.    ADVANTAGE - The process operates efficiently in the presence of toxic wastes and in drains which exclude natural light.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a bioreactor with a permanent magnet layer and a piezo-electric layer.    Packing material colony (1)    waste water passage (2)    filter (4)    piezo-electric packing material (6)    piezo-electric ceramic body (8)    coating (10)    pole (12)    pole (14)    piezo-electric field (16)    field lines (18)    permanent magnetic packing material (20)
NOVELTY - The catalyst for preparing C2 hydrocarbon by multicomponent methane oxidation coupling reaction comprises two transition metals (Zr and Mn) as main component, S, P and W as co-catalyst and alkali metal ions for modification, all loaded on a SiO2 carrier.    USE - For preparing C2 hydrocarbon.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst enables use of lower temperatures, and with no diluting gas, it can obtain a higher methane conversion rate and C2 hydrocarbon (mainly including ethylene and ethane) selectivity. The yield rate of C2 hydrocarbon can be up to above 25%, and maximally can be up to 26.83%    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of using the above catalyst in a methane oxidation coupling reaction.
NOVELTY - Catalytic cracking catalyst for producing gasoline richly-containing isoparaffin, propylene and isobutane is formed from clay, inorganic oxide and zeolite, in which the zeolite is a zeolite mixture containing supersiliceous Y zeolite whose silicon-aluminum ratio is 5-15 and rare earth content (RE2O3) is 8-20 wt%; and beta-zeolite or floccite or ZRP zeolite.    USE - For producing gasoline richly-containing paraffinic hydrocarbon, propylene and isobutane.    ADVANTAGE - The use of the novel catalyst can raise isoparaffin content in the gasoline, and increase yield of propylene and isobutane simultaneously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Catalytic cracking catalyst for producing gasoline richly-containing isoparaffin, propylene and isobutane is formed from (wt%) 0-70% of clay, 5-90% of inorganic oxide and 1-50% of zeolite, in which the zeolite is a zeolite mixture containing (by using zeolite weight as reference) (1) 20-75 wt% of supersiliceous Y zeolite whose silicon-aluminum ratio is 5-15 and rare earth content (by RE2O3) is 8-20 wt%; (2) 20-75 wt% of supersiliceous Y zeolite whose silicon-aluminum ratio is 16-50 and rare earth content (by RE2O3) is 2-7 wt%; and (3) 1-50 wt% of beta-zeolite or floccite or ZRP zeolite.
NOVELTY - Biofiltration of volatile organic compounds includes delivering contaminated effluent gas to a biofilter inlet at biofilter throughput rate, and removing filtered gas through biofilter outlet at the same rate; and recirculating the contaminated effluent gas within the biofilter. The rate when gas passes through filter media exceeds the biofilter throughput rate at inlet and outlet.    USE - For biofiltering volatile organic compounds.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive process is effective in removing high levels of VOCs from effluent gas streams.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a biofiltration system comprising a biofilter housing (2), a gas inlet (20) for receiving contaminated effluent gas, a gas outlet (15) for delivering de-contaminated gas from the biofilter, a microbe-carrying packing (3) containing randomly arranged elements of calcarous material having a liquid retention portion. The elements are oriented to form an individual and liquid retaining reservoir within the packing. Gas recirculation devices are provided for capturing some of the gas adjacent the gas outlet for delivery back into the biofilter housing adjacent the gas inlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic elevational view of a biofilter.    Biofilter housing (2)    Microbe-carrying packing (3)    Gas outlet (15)    Gas inlet (20)
NOVELTY - A circular anoxic space (5) is provided around the tank casing (2) enclosing the oxic space (6). A drive source is provided in the circular anoxic space (5) for circulation streaming of activation mixture in it.    USE - For sewage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The annular shape of the anoxic space and the circular shape of the central anoxic space are ideal form for establishing and maintaining a circular flow retaining the activating sludge in suspended state. The flow within the shapes can be easily induced and maintained within minimum energy requirement. Ensures simple and cost saving design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A circular anoxic space (5) is provided around the tank casing (2) enclosing the oxic space (6). A mechanical agitating device (12) in the circular anoxic space circulates an activation mixture in the anoxic space. The outlet of the discharge tube (16) is connected to the outlet tube (14) of separated activated sludge in the direction of desirable circular stream of activation mixture. The circular anoxic space is separated from the oxic space by a separation space (9) with a partition wall (4) extending from the bottom (3) of the tank. An inlet opening (10) is provided to the separation space (9). The separation space is in the form of a prism. A connecting tube is provided to the bottom of the tank (1) for removal of activation mixture. The connecting tube is connected to central anoxic space in the direction opposite to the circular stream.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical axial sectional view of reactor.    Tank (1)    Tank casing (2)    Tank bottom (3)    Partition wall (4)    Circular anoxic space (5)    oxic space (6)    Separation space (9)    Inlet opening (10)    Mechanical agitating device (12)    Outlet tube (14)    Discharge tube (16)
NOVELTY - An azeotrope-like composition comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, water and n-butane and/or isobutane.    USE - Refrigerant, aerosol propellant, metered dose inhaler, blowing agent for polymer foam, heat transfer medium and gaseous dielectric.    ADVANTAGE - The composition can be manufactured economically and provides improved chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) substitutes. When used as blowing agent, it can provide a rigid foam of good quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) An azeotrope-like composition comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and isobutane (less than 30 wt.%) or propane    (b) A blowing agent comprising the compositions.    (c) A sprayable composition comprising a material to be sprayed and a propellant comprising the compositions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a graph of the vapor pressure curve for mixtures of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and isobutane at 32 degrees F, 70 degrees F and 130 degrees F.
NOVELTY - A pair of electrodes (3) made in the form of the shell is immersed into a molten carbonates (2) provided in a chamber (1). The electrodes are connected to the device that supplies working gas. Pores are provided in the electrodes such that the working gas is maintained in the shell with capillary force.    USE - For use as electric power source in power engineering and mechanical engineering industries.    ADVANTAGE - The structure of electrode is simplified and thereby fuel cell with high electric efficiency is obtained at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the electrode in fuel cell.    Chamber (1)    Molten carbonates (2)    Electrodes (3)
NOVELTY - The manifold (6) has convex sealing surfaces (13) of the longer sides, which provide uniform sealing pressure throughout the length of the side, when the manifold distorts due to the bolting of the shorter ends to a fuel cell stack (17) by bolts (20).    USE - Reactant gas manifold for fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the need for obtuse manifold load retention system since uniform seal pressure is obtained and hence reduces cost, weight and difficulty of stack assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side elevational view of the manifold and the fuel cell stack.    Manifold (6)    Convex sealing surfaces (13)    Fuel cell stack (17)    Bolts (20)
NOVELTY - A reformer (12) converts hydrocarbon fuel into reformed gas which is converted into hydrogen and carbon dioxide by a shift converter (22). A precooler (18) has high surface area material for cooling the hot reformed gas using the water received through a water inlet, before supplying the reformed gas into the shift converter.    USE - Used for producing electricity in power plant, vehicular application.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a compact precooler which effectively reduces temperature of the reformed gas and ensures minimal pressure drop.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for reformed gas cooling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    Reformer (12)    Precooler (18)    Shift converter (22)
NOVELTY - Organic waste material processing system for the anaerobic digestion of high-solids waste comprises a closed container for holding high solids waste material. The closed container has a first passage in which the waste material flows in a first direction, and a second passage in which the waste material flows in a direction opposite the first direction.    USE - The invention is used for processing organic waste material, i.e. for the anaerobic digestion of high-solids waste, e.g. manure.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive system controls total process flows, thus minimizing end waste products and maximizes energy efficiency. It allows for recycling of activated sludge to improve the efficiency of the process. Resource use is optimized to preclude the need to purchase outside energy and to minimize the outflow of water than is unusable without further processing. Efficiency is also improved through a sludge heating design that creates a current in the digester and efficiently heats the sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic waste material processing system for the anaerobic digestion of high-solids waste comprises a closed container for holding high solids waste material. The closed container has a first passage in which the waste material flows in a first direction, and a second passage in which the waste material flows in a direction opposite the first direction. The first end of the first passage includes an inlet for waste material. The second end of the second passage includes an outlet. The first passage is separated from the second passage by a divider. The second end of the first passage is adjacent the first end of the second passage, and the first end of the first passage is adjacent the second end of the second passage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of a waste-processing system.    Mixing chamber (30)    Digester (40)    Clarifier (50)
NOVELTY - A composting accelerator comprises wheat bran and/or low-grade flour powder (a) having an arabinoxylan content of greater than 10 (preferably 60) wt.%; heat-resistant bacteria (b) (at least 105 CFU/g) for assimilating an organic material; and calcium silicate (c). The accelerator has a pH of 6 - 8.5.    USE - For preparing organic fertilizers (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The accelerator reduces an emission amount and time of ammonia and thus produces good quality organic fertilizers having excellent fertilizing efficiency in a short period. The accelerator is highly safe for animals and persons working in the barn because it does not contain any harmful component.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Producing an organic fertilizer (P1) involving (parts by weight) adding (a) (0.2 - 25) to a dry raw material (100) and composting the raw material; and    (2) Producing an organic fertilizer (P2) involving (parts by weight) adding (a) and (c) to a raw material at a wt. ratio of 50:50 - 95:5 and composting the raw material.
NOVELTY - Reference and desired pH values are chosen for the sludge being subjected to anaerobic degradation. The sludge pH is altered by adding a non-oxidizing, poorly degradable acid in order to obtain the desired pH and the sludge is stirred to generate biogas.    USE - For producing biogas from abattoir waste from the pig, cattle, poultry or fish processing industries.    ADVANTAGE - Biogas can be produced in large quantities at low operating costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The preparation of biogas by anaerobic degradation of a protein-containing sludge comprises bringing the sludge into contact with biogas-generating bacteria for carrying out degradation under anaerobic conditions. A reference value representing the pH of the sludge during degradation without the addition of acid is obtained, this value being in the range of 8-8.5. An desired value which is 0.01-2 pH units less than the reference value and lies within the range of 6.5-8 is chosen. Sludge pH is altered by adding a non-oxidizing, poorly degradable acid in order to obtain the desired value and the sludge is stirred to generate biogas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a biogas production installation for treating biological waste.    Biogas production installation (1)    Pipe (2)    Waste storage plant (3)    Pipe (4)    Mixing tank (5)    Pipes (6-8)    Tank for killing pathogenic bacteria (9)    Pipe (10)    Compost chamber (11)    Stirrer (12)    Pipes (13, 14)    pH-measuring device (15)    Control unit (16)    Acid tank (17)    Pipes (18-19)
NOVELTY - Device to remove inert impurities from at least one working gas of battery of fuel cells has inlet line with controllable valve to feed working gas into battery of fuel cells and one outlet line with controllable valve to release working gas from battery of fuel cells and at least two fuel cells with working gas connected in series and positioned upstream from outlet line for release of working gas from battery of fuel cells. Salient feature of invention lies in that section of inlet line feeding working gas between valve and battery of fuel cells is linked through controllable valve to proper inlet of at least one fuel cell connected in series and positioned upstream from outlet line releasing working gas from battery of fuel cells.    USE - Fuel cells with gaseous reagents.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency of removal of inert impurities from battery of fuel cells by blasting. 4 cl, 1 dwg
NOVELTY - Provided is a novel strain, Pseudozyma tsukubaensis, which is separated from the fermented sludge generated from the manufacturing of xylitol, and produces erythritol in high yield and productivity. Also, provided is a method for manufacturing erythritol from glucose by using the above strain.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The novel strain, Pseudozyma tsukubaensis(KCCM-10356) is separated from the fermented sludge which is generated from the manufacturing of xylitol. The method for manufacturing erythritol in high yield and productivity comprises the steps of: seed culture of Pseudozyma tsukubaensis(KCCM-10356); fermentative culture of the seed cultured strain in a medium containing glucose and nitrogen source; then separation and purification of erythritol. In the fermentative culture, the fermentation medium contains 300-500g/L of glucose and 15-25 g/L of yeast extract and cultivation conditions are as follows; 30-34 deg.C of temperature, pH5.5, 0.3vvm of aeration and 500-800 rpm of stirring speed.
NOVELTY - Provided are a composition of a fermentation medium and a method for manufacturing Cephalosporin C in high concentration. Particularly, the medium contains dextrin compounds as a carbon source to increase Cephalosporin C productivity and to cut production cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composition of fermentation medium for producing Cephalosporin C characteristically contains dextrin compounds as a carbon source besides glucose or sugar. It maintains dextrin content to 4-8%. It further contains sodium chloride and betain in a concentration of 1.0% respectively. Cephalosporin C is manufactured by using Cephalosporium acremonium(KFCC 10805) or its metabolic mutant strain in the prepared fermentation medium with adding dextrin compounds in a concentration of 4-8%.
NOVELTY - Provided is a manufacturing method of organic fertilizer by inputting soil microbes to organic waste water(urine) and fermenting, which eliminates bad smell, reduces environmental pollutants, and can be used it as a soil improver.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The manufacturing method comprises the steps of: (i) mixing organic waste water, urine of animal and human, with water controller; (ii) culturing and activating soil microbes for a culture fluid of soil microbes; (iii) inputting the activated culture fluid to the organic waste water; fermenting and aging, which results in that organic materials are agglomerated, condensed and polymerized to macro molecules, fertilizer, caused by phenolic metabolism of soil microbes; curing; separating fermented materials and impurities. Accordingly, the method gives the effects of waste disposal, fertilizer production and removal of bad smell.
NOVELTY - A method and an apparatus for composting food waste are provided to produce organic fertilizer supplying essential nutrients for growth of plants by using biological energy, byproduct, generated from aerobic fermentation of food waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composting method is as follows: pouring food waste in a reaction vessel(10) with adding water controller, such as saw dust and returned compost, and Bio-Compo to increase activity of microbes; mixing the mixture homogeneously with a rotary wing(14) in the reactor; supplying air through an air-inlet(36a) on the bottom of the reactor, and an air-inlet(36b) on the surface of a rotary axis(12), and optionally operating a heater(20) on the bottom of the reactor in winter, thereby resulting in aerobic fermentation of food waste, water evaporation due to the heat, byproduct, generated from waste decomposition, and promotion of composting. Also, water and gas formed in fermentation is discharged through a gas-outlet(46) on the upper part of the reactor; discharging fermented waste, organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - Provided is a composting method of animal wastes which is characterized in that animal waste is converted to good quality organic fertilizer and to be discharged liquid by reaction with mineral powders and dehydration,    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composting method is as follows: adding excess sludge, being generated from biological process, as a seed sludge to animal wastes, and aerating to rotten organic pollutant materials in water by humus microbes and microbes in a symbiotic relationship with humus microbes, which results in removal of bad smell; supplying 2-10%(based on the amount of poured organic materials) of mineral powders containing lots of active mineral components(clay minerals), such as phyillite, loess, zeolite, illite, etc., with aeration to generate insoluble and non- volatile humus soil; adding alkaline earth metals such as sintered dolomite, CaO, and Ca(OH)2 to adjust the pH of the animal wastes over 12; stripping free NH3-N; neutralizing with H2SO4 to be pH7, resulting in flocculation; dehydrating for cakes and liquids, where the cakes are mixed with naturals acids containing peroxyfulvic acid mineral complex, activated humic substances and bulking agent(saw dust, hull rice, peat, etc.) for high quality organic fertilizer, and the liquids are discharged by coupling oxidation and passage of catalytic oxidation tower.
NOVELTY - The furnace (1) has core (12) of cone trapezoid shape. A ring-shaped filled layer (13) of a processed object is between side of core and inner side wall of the furnace.    USE - Vertical self-sustained combustion type carbonization furnace, for combustion of organic waste, such as dregs, paper sludge, sewage sludge, juice, tea, livestock dung, for manufacturing carbonized material e.g. charcoal.    ADVANTAGE - Improves combustion efficiency of the furnace without exchanging the inner ring.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A supply port supplies primary combustion air to ring-shaped space filled layer of processed object between inner face of inclined side wall of the carbonization furnace (1) and core side. A level detection meter (20c) is at the level setting positions which are pre-reset.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the combustion type carbonization furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbonization furnace (1)    Core (12)    Ring-shaped filled layer (13)    Level detection water (20c)
NOVELTY - A refuse insertion opening (3) is provided at the side wall of a furnace (1). When refuse is inserted through an opening, thermal decomposition gas is generated in the decombustion zone. Feed pipes (13) in the furnace blow air from the lower side of the feed pipes (11) and nitrogen gas is blown from the lower portion of the decomposition zone. The velocity at which nitrogen gas is blown into the decomposition zone, is lower than the velocity at which air is blown in the combustion zone.    USE - Used as a fluidized bed gasifier for processing e.g. municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of the gasification process is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the gasifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Furnace (1)    Refuse insertion opening (3)    Gas feed pipes (11,13)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse and waste oil are mixed and crushed to form a slurry. The slurry is heated to evaporate the water content. Waste oil is separated from the mixture, and a fuel comprising a waste-oil containing mixture is manufactured.    USE - For producing fuel from organic refuse such as left-over food, bean curd lees discarded during bean-curd manufacture, food residue, and food grains, discarded from dining room restaurants.    ADVANTAGE - Organic refuse is processed easily using a simple apparatus, and organic fuel is produced easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow of manufacture of fuel from organic refuse. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The hydrogen manufacturing apparatus has hydrodesulfurization device (1), vapor modifier (2), hydrogen separation membrane device (3) and gas compression circulation apparatus (4). The raw hydrocarbon is hydrogenated, desulfurized, vapor is added and modified. The hydrogen containing gas separated in permeation side of device (3) is pressurized by the pressure of off-gas in unit (4) and hydrogen is produced.    USE - To produce hydrogen for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The power expense of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus is reduced by using the high purity hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen manufacturing apparatus has hydrodesulfurization device, vapor modifier, hydrogen separation membrane device and gas compression circulation apparatus. The raw hydrocarbon is hydrogenated and desulfurized by contacting with catalysts, in device (1). A vapor is added to the hydrocarbon and is modified in modifier. The hydrogen containing gas is separated in permeation side of device (3) and off-gas in non-transparent side. The high purity hydrogen is pressurized by the pressure of off-gas in unit (4) and hydrogen is produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrodesulfurization device (1)    Vapor modifier (2)    Hydrogen separation membrane device (3)    Gas compression circulation apparatus (4)
NOVELTY - Flow field plate (5) has integrally-formed protrusions (11) on at least one surface to enable joining of the plate to an adjacent plate in use.    USE - Particularly for proton exchange membrane fuel cells or electrolyzers.    ADVANTAGE - Metal flow field plates suffer from corrosion, due to the chemicals used in the fuel cell, and particulate carbon/fluorocarbon polymer composite structures have reduced strength. Further, use of compressible graphite result in structures with low conductivity, low strength and low dimensional stability. The novel method enables formation of a dimensionally stable, highly conductive, mechanically strong material that can be processed conventionally, and forms a gas impermeable seal without requiring a gasket and in a reduced number of processing stages.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) A method of forming a seal between two flow field plates as above, by stacking the plates and welding them together;    (2) A fuel cell sub-assembly comprising a flow field plate as above, at least one gas diffusion layer and at least one membrane electrode assembly (12); and    (3) A fuel call stack comprising at least two sub-assemblies.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow field plate as above.    flow field plate (5)    flow field (6)    sealing ridges (7,8,9)    protrusions (11)    membrane electrode assembly (12)
NOVELTY - The addition of oils to organic waste being treated with molds, results in the oils being transformed by the molds into fuel and efficiently converted. This results in increased decomposition of the waste and drying speed.    USE - The process is useful for forming a crude fiber feed from sake lees, food scraps and other organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Waste is efficiently recycled into a useful product, without the need for alternative disposal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic wastes are treated to produce feed comprises:    (A) mixing wastes with a mold, and    (B) allowing the mixture to ferment and dry.    The oil content of the mixture is at least 3 (more preferably especially 10) wt.% relative to the water content.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for a similar process where a matrix material is added to the organic wastes, and the oil content adjusted, then adding the mold, fermenting and drying.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A graph shows the body weight of pigs fed with a mixture of feed with standard feed compared to those fed with a standard feed only.
NOVELTY - Tube line comprises two tubular pieces (1, 2) joined together; and a particle filter (3) between the pieces. The filter is held between the opposite lying ends of the pieces with both ends connected to the filter.    USE - Used in coolant, condensate and fuel circulating lines and/or in circulating lines of gaseous media of fuel cell systems (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The tube line has improved wear resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of a tube line, by melting the ends of two tubular pieces, inserting the filter between the ends and pressing the pieces together, applying a layer of sealing material along the peripheral edge of the connecting region of the pieces, and anchoring the material so that the sealing material is connected to the material of the housing, housing part and/or tube line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the particle filter between two tubular pieces.    tubular pieces (1, 2)    particle filter (3)
NOVELTY - A gasification furnace (2) produces combustible gas by gasifying the waste. The combustible gas is introduced into a high temperature combustor (3) for producing combustion gas and melting ash content to produce molten slag. A waste heat boiler (7) recovers heat of combustion gas. A cooling device cools the combustion gas before sending combustion gas to waste heat boiler.    USE - For treating municipal wastes, industrial waste, biomass wastes, medical wastes, automobile wastes such as waste tire or shredder dust.    ADVANTAGE - High temperature combustor produces combustible gas and melts the ash content so the amount of ash discharged is reduced. Harmful substances such as dioxins contained in the exhaust gas are decomposed. The heat recovered from the combustible gas is utilized to produce steam. Cooling device prevents the dust from being adhered or attached to parsing regions by which corroding by molten salt is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for gasification and slugging combustion method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of gasification and slugging combustion system.    Gasification furnace (2)    High temperature combustor (3)    Waste heat boiler (7)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack (1) generates electric power by the reaction of hydrogen and air, and discharges hydrogen containing the anode effluent, which is recirculated by a passage (5B). An ejector (6) promotes recitation of the effluent by exerting suction force on the effluent based on hydrogen flow velocity in a hydrogen supply passage (12). A recirculation pump (11) installed in the effluent recirculation passage, pressurizes the effluent.    USE - For vehicle drive system.    ADVANTAGE - Minimizes wastage of hydrogen by forcibly recirculating anode effluent using the recirculation pump.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the fuel cell power plant.    Fuel cell stack (1)    Passage (5B)    Ejector (6)    Recirculation pump (11)    Hydrogen supply passage (12)
NOVELTY - A fuel processor (12) generates pure hydrogen gas stream (14) from a feed stream. The hydrogen stream is fed to a hydrogen storage system (58). The hydrogen storage system includes a mechanical compressor which produces and stores compressed gas stream from the received hydrogen stream. The compressed gas stream as well as hydrogen stream are then fed to fuel cell stack (22) to produce an electric current.    USE - Hybrid fuel cell system used in motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, boat, household appliance, microwave relay station, lighting fixture, transmitters, remote signaling and communication equipment, etc., used in residential building, apartments, office complex, store, etc..    ADVANTAGE - Since the hydrogen storage system stores compressed hydrogen gas which is supplied to fuel cell stack along with generated pure hydrogen gas, the fuel processor operates efficiently during times of increased load, thereby improving the transient response of the processor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the hybrid fuel cell system.    Fuel processor (12)    Pure hydrogen gas stream (14)    Fuel cell stack (22)    Hydrogen storage system (58)
NOVELTY - The inner and outer sleeves (102,104) are sealed mutually using retainers (116) and a Parker O-ring that are retained within the grooves and slots of the sleeves. The retaining arms (122) of the retainer are formed with bulged ends (124). The outer sleeve has tapered inner edge to retain the O-ring.    USE - For sealing pipe, tubes, valves in plumbing work, for reactant gas flow pipeline in fuel cell system, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The tapered end of the outer sleeve prevents damage of the O-ring during fitting of the two sleeves. The bulged ends of the retaining arms provide sufficient resistance to prevent accidental disengagement. The O-ring prevents substantial leakage of fluid to a pressure of upto forty pounds per square inch, reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional end view of the flexible connector.    Inner and outer sleeves (102,104)    Retainer (116)    Retaining arms (122)    Bulged end of arms (124)
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (10) comprising a high density section (12) with large surface area of catalyst and a low density section (14), utilizes the heat generated by oxidation of hydrocarbon group fuel, water vapor and air supplied through a heating gas supply path (64), for water vapor modification in high density section.    USE - Used in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Since heat generated by oxidation is utilized for modification, reduction of modification reaction of reformer is prevented, hence efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the reformer.    Fuel reformer (10)    High density section (12)    Low density section (14)    Gas supply path (64)
NOVELTY - The additive consists of mineral powder (5), husk (3) of the oil palm seed, trihalose, allophane compounds and peroxides, is added for decomposition of organic refuse by bacteria.    USE - For use in organic-refuse process machine.    ADVANTAGE - Proliferation of bacteria and a decomposition action are maintained healthfully when bacteria decomposing an organic refuse. Also provides high deodorizing effect.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of organic-refuse process machine.    Husk(5) Mineral powder (3)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse is decomposed with enzyme such as carbohydrase, protease in enzyme treated tank (20a) and sterilized.    USE - For foodstuff processing industry.    ADVANTAGE - Treated organic refuse can be effectively used as product raw material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded perspective view of organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Enzyme treated tank (20a)
NOVELTY - A contaminant level reducing system for reducing contaminant level in an environment, comprises planting biomass in a land mass; supplying a waste stream/slurry to the land mass to facilitate growth of biomass, and decontaminating the land mass and the waste stream/slurry by take-up of contaminants in the biomass, producing an upgraded effluent; and harvesting biomass from land mass.    USE - For reducing the level of contaminants (i.e., heavy metals, pathogens and nutrients) in an environment (e.g. sewage treatment plants, municipal landfills, and mine tailings), and for recovering valuable constituents from the environment comprising a waste stream/slurry that contains contaminants and a contaminated land mass (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The system effectively and cost efficiently removes contaminants from incoming waste stream/slurries, reduces the overall levels of contaminants in the land mass (including stockpiled biosolids) and the incoming sewage, reduces emissions of greenhouse gases, and allows valuable constituents to be recovered.
NOVELTY - The flow field plate (702) is hexagonal and has a fuel supply aperture (703). Branching flow field patterns (704) connect the fuel supply aperture (703) to a fuel drain (705) that leads to a drainage port (708). A land (706) is configured to receive seals. The oxidant flow on the adjacent plate is inward to an to an oxidant drain port (709). A coolant inlet port (711) communicates via a coolant track to a coolant outlet port (712)    USE - To improve operation of fuel cell and provide a more uniform generation of electricity across the membrane electrode.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents asymmetric distribution of pressure within the cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Plan view showing flow field plate    Plate (702)    Fuel supply (703)    Flow pattern (704)    Fuel drain (705)    Land (706)    Fuel drainage port (708)    Oxidant drain port (709)    Coolant inlet (711)    Coolant outlet (712)
NOVELTY - The ignition of the pyrotechnic elements is sequentially controlled, by use of a circuit (13) controlling an electrical or light energy source (11). This supplies an ignition control signal to be applied to the input of a series of connecting members (12) linked to pyrotechnic elements.    USE - Extended supply of hydrogen to electrical mini-cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables controlled release of hydrogen without expensive system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system for supplying hydrogen to a fuel mini-cell operates by the combustion of elements made of pyrotechnic material, after ignition. A device sequentially controls the ignition of the pyrotechnic elements and comprises a circuit (13) controlling an electrical or light energy source (11) which supplies an ignition control signal to be applied to the input of a series of connecting members (12). The connecting members are each associated with one pyrotechnic element (Ei) Each time, only one pyrotechnic element (E2) is connected to the energy source, the elements (E1) preceding it having already been used. The connecting members can be sensitive to temperature or pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the energy supply and pyrotechnic elements for sequential operation.    energy source (11)    connecting members (12)    sequential circuit (13)    pyrotechnic elements (Ei)
NOVELTY - A mixed potential electrochemical sensor for the detection of gases comprises a ceria-based electrolyte having a surface for exposing to the gases to be detected; a reference wire electrode and a sensing wire electrode extending through the surface of the electrolyte and fixed within the electrolyte as the electrolyte is compressed and sintered.    USE - The sensor is used for the detection of gases, such as carbon monoxide and non-methane hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The sensor responses and sensor baseline are stable over time. The sensor response is easily reproducible from sensor to sensor, and the variation is less than 10% of signal level. The sensor preparation consists only of standard solid-state synthesis and is very cheap. The electrodes and electrolytes are co-sintered and hence there is only one heat treatment step involved in the entire sensor preparation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for fabricating a mixed potential electrochemical sensor for the detection of gases comprising:    (1) forming a wire reference electrode and a wire sensing electrode, each electrode having a first compressed planar section and a second section depending from the first section;    (2) placing the wire electrodes in a die with the second section of each electrode extending axially within the die;    (3) filling the die with an oxide-electrolyte powder;    (4) pressing the powder with the wire electrodes;    (5) removing excess oxide-electrolyte powder to expose the first compressed planar portion of the electrodes;    (6) extending the first portion of the electrodes axially from the pressed oxide-electrolyte powder; and    (7) sintering the wire-electrodes and the pressed oxide-electrolyte powder to form a ceramic electrolyte base with a reference wire electrode and a sensing wire electrode depending therefrom.
NOVELTY - A vapor accumulation canister (28) has an activated carbon bed providing vapor flow path from vapor inlet to an overflow vapor outlet from which a vent line (38) extends to a vapor inlet of an EVAP canister (40). A vapor purge line extends from purge vapor outlet for delivering air and gasoline vapor mixture to on-vehicle reactor for starting partial oxidation.    USE - Gasoline vapor storage system for vehicles such as internal combustion engine powered vehicle or fuel cell powered vehicle, e.g. cars and trucks.    ADVANTAGE - The presence of gasoline absorbent bed provides an accessible and controllable source of readily burned hydrocarbon vapor for the start-up of the POx reactor at low and ambient temperatures, thereby facilitating cold starting of the reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for partial oxidation (POx) starting method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the gasoline vapor storage system of vehicles.    Vapor accumulation canister (28)    Vent line (38)    EVAP canister (40)
NOVELTY - A tightening device provided between the periphery regions of two end plates (12,13), positions a fuel stack (10) between the central regions of the end plates. A uniform compression device, including at least one pressure bellows, is positioned between the fuel stack and one of the end plates.    USE - Used as energy source.    ADVANTAGE - Provides uniform compression device that is able to constantly apply consistent pressure towards fuel stack and which can be adapted to adjust pressure variation caused by thermal expansion and to compensate for height deviation due to stacking of cell units into fuel stack, thereby enhancing operative efficiency of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the perspective view of the fuel cell.    Fuel stack (10)    End plate (12,13)
NOVELTY - Sealing pair(s) of fluid distribution layers in a fuel cell comprises compressing a preformed sheet material of a fluid distribution layer by urging a pair of fluid-impermeable separator plates of a fuel cell towards each other. The fluid distribution layer is rendered fluid-impermeable in a direction parallel to the major planar surfaces in the sealing region.    USE - For sealing pair(s) of fluid distribution layers in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention reduces or eliminates the need for separate gaskets or sealing components and integrates several functions, e.g., sealing, fluid distribution, and current collection in a single layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Sealing pair(s) of fluid distribution layers in a fuel cell comprises compressing a preformed sheet material of a fluid distribution layer by urging a pair of fluid-impermeable separator plates of a fuel cell towards each other. The fluid distribution layer is rendered fluid-impermeable in a direction parallel to the major planar surfaces in the sealing region. The fuel cell comprises a pair of fluid-impermeable separator plates having a compressive mechanism for urging the plates towards each other; a pair of fluid distribution layers interposed between the separator plates; an ion-exchange membrane interposed between at least a portion of the fluid distribution layers; and electrocatalyst interposed between at least a portion of each fluid distribution layer and at least a portion of the membrane to define an active region. Each fluid distribution layer has two major planar surfaces. At least one of the fluid distribution layers comprises a sealing region and an electrically conductive, fluid-permeable active region. The fluid distribution layer comprises a preformed sheet material extending into each sealing region and active region.
NOVELTY - A rotating disc having inlet and outlet slots, is arranged adjacent to a cylinder head (9) which has inlet ports (101) and discharge ports (102). The rotating disc moves to different positions. In a position, the slots block ports and in other position the slots open either the inlet ports or the discharge ports. A movable timing edge plate positioned to adjacent to block position of inlet and discharge ports.    USE - Variable timing valve for fluid supply apparatus used in fuel cell system of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the pressure loading is minimized by the design of the valve, the friction generated by the disc operation is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fluid supply apparatus efficiency controlling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the variable timing valve.    Cylinder head (9)    Inlet port (101)    Discharge port (102)
NOVELTY - Feeding additive contains partially hydrolyzed yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and zeolite. Biomass of yeast is a paste with nucleic acids extracted from it. The paste is the waste from a production of medicinal preparations on base of nucleic acids. Proposed feeding additive avoids effects connected with disturbances of animal's nuclein metabolism.    USE - Applicable in animal and poultry breeding for increasing productivity.    ADVANTAGE - Increased productivity and resistance of poultry.
NOVELTY - Apparatus useful for controlling microbiological fermentation of organic wastes at composting stations and for reducing loss of organic substance.    USE - Apparatus is used for producing agricultural vermicomposts in animal houses.    ADVANTAGE - Intensified controllable microbiological fermentation at composting stations and reduced loss of organic substance.
NOVELTY - New method for obtaining straw-dung compost of prolonged action comprises mixing bird dung with straw and providing composting. Straw used for composting has moisture content of about 64% and is ground to 7-10 mm sized particles. The bird dung has a moisture content of 76%. The weight ratio of straw and bird dung is 1: 2 and composting is performed for 30 days.    USE - For preparing straw-dung compost used to activate microbiological processes in soil.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides an increased yield of compost and uses poultry waste.
NOVELTY - Device is designed to measure concentration of gas components, it can be used in systems of control over boiler rooms of thermal power stations to monitor environmental conditions.    USE - Measurement technology.    ADVANTAGE - Improved selectivity and authenticity of determination of concentration of components in gas mixture. 1 cl, 6 dwg    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Device includes silicon substrate with first layer of dielectric of silicon dioxide deposited on its face surface, heating resistor from doped polycrystalline silicon formed on it, second layer of silicon dioxide formed above it and third layer of silicon nitride put on it. Two gas-sensitive thin-film resistors made of tin dioxide are formed on third dielectric layer within bounds of area of heating resistor. Catalytic layer of silicon dioxide with uniformly distributed palladium oxide is formed on surface of the first resistor and catalytic layer of silicon dioxide with uniformly distributed manganese dioxide is formed on surface of second resistor. Content of palladium oxide in catalytic layer on surface of first gas-sensitive resistor amounts to 1.0-5.0 per cent by volume and content of manganese dioxide in catalytic layer on surface of second gas-sensitive resistor is 5.0-10.0 per cent by volume. Technical result consists in provision of selectivity and authenticity of determination of concentration of each component in oxido-reduction gas mixture, for instance, O2-CO, O2-CO2, O2-CH4, NOx-CH4 and so on.
NOVELTY - A byproduct fertilizer(compost) manufactured by woodchip fermentation method using chicken droppings and saw dust is provided. Also, the resultant fertilizer including bacillus subtilis has resistance to phytophthora blight of peppers and anthracnose so that it improves soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The byproduct fertilizer is manufactured by the following steps: mixing 100pts.wt. of chicken droppings, 65-75wt.% of saw dust, and 25-35wt.% of wood chip offering pores for activation of aerobic bacteria; piling up out in the open(for 15days at room temperature) for the primary fermentation; fermenting at 70-75deg.C for 15days in a fermenting room for the secondary fermentation; supplying water to be a mixture with 65% water; aging over 6months; separating woodchip from mixture; adding bacillus subtilis with resistance to phytophthora blight of peppers and anthracnose; standizing for fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A method for composting food wastes is provided to produce good quality compost by using humus microbes, culture solution for soil microbes, activated humic substances and active minerals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of: spreading humus microbes and a culture solution for soil microbes, being in a symbiotic relationship with humus microbes, that is, excess sludge, over food wastes for decay prevention resulting in removal of bad smell; sorting out impurities and metallic magnetic materials, and crushing; fermenting food wastes firstly in a storing vessel, and removing salt; reacting with mineral powders containing lots of active mineral components(Min.), such as dacite, elvan, zeolite, vermiculite, loess, illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, which is expressed by the following formula, organic materials(Org.) + Min.n+ --more than Org. - Min.(n-1)+, 2Org.Min.(n-1)+ + Xn- --more than(Org.Min.)2X chelate compound, where Min. is a cationic mineral, such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, etc., X is an anionic material, such as SO42-, CO32-, etc.; neutralizing with H2SO4, and de-watering to generate filtrate(waste solution) and dehydrated cake; mixing with naturals acids containing peroxyfulvic acid mineral complex, activated humic substances and bulking agent(saw dust, hull rice, peat, etc.), and aerobic fermenting; sorting out impurities, and packing.
NOVELTY - The deceleration mechanism (21) decelerates the rotation power of a motor which is mounted at the bottom of a treatment tank (12) holding the organic refuse, in order to rotate an agitator (22) provided in the tank. A suspension mechanism (23) having oscillation attenuation mechanism, suspends the tank in a case (1) to which a level vial is provided.    USE - For decomposing and treating organic refuse such as sawdust, wooden chip, peat-moss, perm peat obtained from home, commercial kitchen in restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - Improves assembly property, since vibration is eliminated by having provided slidable oscillation attenuation mechanism. Reduction in cost is achieved, since organic refuse disposer with simple structure is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The oscillation attenuation mechanism which attenuates the vibration transmitted from the treatment tank to the case, is slidably provided between case and suspension mechanism or between suspension mechanism and tank, along the rotation direction of the treatment tank. An adjustment mechanism is also provided for adjusting the level of the case.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical side view of the organic refuse disposer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Case (1)    Treatment tank (12)    Deceleration mechanism (21)    Agitator (22)    Suspension mechanism (23)
NOVELTY - Multiple fine holes (12) formed in a carrier (10), have active catalyst layer (14a) in their internal circumference.    USE - For reformer (claimed) of hydrocarbon group fuel or methanol, for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The structure of carrier enables achieving miniaturization of reformer, reduces the required amount of active catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded sectional view of catalyst.    Carrier (10)    Fine hole (12)    Active catalyst layer (14a)
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide shift-reaction catalyst (11) comprises lithium transition-metal complex oxide, in which the transition metal exists in a different valency.    USE - For advancing carbon monoxide shift-reaction.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide shift-reaction is performed at room temperature efficiently. The apparatus used for performing the shift-reaction is inexpensive and simple. The gas conversion method of carbon monoxide shift-reaction, is performed easily using the carbon monoxide shift-reaction catalyst with high thermal efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The transition-metal complex oxide is represented by Li1-x MO2, where M is chosen from cobalt, nickel and manganese, and x is 0-1, preferably less than or equal to 0.7. The complex oxide is preferably represented by Li1-y MnO4, where y is 0-1, preferably less than or equal to 0.7.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Carbon monoxide shift-reaction apparatus (1); and    (2) Gas conversion method of advancing carbon monoxide shift-reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual diagram of carbon monoxide shift-reaction apparatus.    Carbon monoxide shift-reaction apparatus (1)    Carbon monoxide shift-reaction catalyst (11)
NOVELTY - The exhaust gas line (6) of a refuse drying device (4) is connected to the intake side of a gas turbine (16) of a co-generation system (15). A waste heat boiler (17) is installed at the exhaust line (23) of a gas turbine (16), so that the gas extraction line (29) branched from the exhaust line (23) is connected to the inlet (4a) of the drying device (4).    USE - For deodorizing the exhaust gas from a refuse drying device in refuse solid-fuel manufacturing equipment.    ADVANTAGE - The process enables the cost of the apparatus to be reduced. Refuse solid-fuel is produced reliably at reduced cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the deodorizing apparatus.    Refuse drying machine (4)    Inlet of drying machine (4a)    Exhaust gas line (6)    Co-generation system (15)    Gas turbine (16)    Waste heat boiler (17)    Exhaust line (23)    Gas extraction line (29)
NOVELTY - A supplementary pump (26) is connected to a ring gear (24) of planetary gear device. A pump motor (22) is connected to a sun gear (20). A portion of the power generated by a drive motor (12) is input into the pinion gear (18), thus ensuring proper utilization of the pump motor.    USE - Driving mechanism for an accessory system for driving a power source, such as a fuel cell system in an electric vehicle. Can also be applied to any system equipped with an accessory system for driving a power source.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces operating costs. Ensures that supplementary pump is actuated efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the auxiliary driving gear control system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Drive motor (12)    Pinion gear (18)    Sun gear (20)    Pump motor (22)    Ring gear (24)    Supplementary pump (26)
NOVELTY - A fan (33) and a deodorizer ejection device (32) are operated for sucking air and deodorizing the raw-material receiving chamber (29) respectively, when a shutter (31) of a pretreatment chamber (2) is closed. A shutter (30) is opened by a control apparatus (39) to allow exit of a raw-material carrier-vehicle (34).    USE - For compost produced from agricultural waste and animal excrements.    ADVANTAGE - As deodorizing of the raw material is performed in a sealed state, the release of bad odor to outside is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the raw-material receipt-of-goods chamber and a pretreatment chamber.    Pretreatment chamber (2)    Raw-material receiving chamber (29)    Shutters (30,31)    Deodorizer ejection device (32)    Fan (33)    Carrier-vehicle (34)    Control apparatus (39)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of fuel reforming catalyst involves forming amorphous complex oxide or hydroxide containing at least 2 or more catalytic active components, obtained from mixed solution of two or more metal compounds.    USE - For manufacturing fuel reforming catalyst, used in solid polymer fuel cells, for reforming methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The method produces fuel reforming catalyst with active metal component and demonstrates uniform catalytic activity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The one of catalytic active component is copper, and other catalytic component is zinc, aluminum, magnesium, gallium, iron, chromium, nickel, cobalt vanadium, manganese, cesium, cerium, zirconium and/or lanthanum.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel reforming catalyst, prepared as above.
NOVELTY - An arc plasma reactor (APR) is filled with solid carbon material with gap to form micro arc path (MAP). Raw material water or water vapor is passed through MAP. Water vapor and carbon material are reacted in the presence of arc plasma to form synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is contacted with catalyst, to form methanol which is contacted with a dehydration catalyst to form dimethyl ether.    USE - For manufacturing dimethyl ether, used as low-pollution fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Dimethyl ether is manufactured using inexpensive raw material. The ejection of toxic substance is prevented, and thus the method is environmentally friendly. The manufacturing process is performed for longer duration. The manufacturing apparatus is compact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An arc plasma reactor with insulated casing has electrode. The chamber is filled with solid carbon material with gap to form micro arc path. Electric power is supplied to arc electrode and micro arc plasma is generated in the micro arc path. Raw material water or water vapor is passed through micro arc path from inlet and is contacted with carbon material to form synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is removed from reaction chamber and cooled. The synthesis gas is supplied to a methanol synthesis reaction vessel and is contacted with methanol catalyst to form methanol. The formed methanol is contacted with methanol dehydration catalyst to form dimethyl ether.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for dimethyl ether manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic drawing of dimethyl ether manufacturing apparatus.    Arc plasma reactor (APR)    Fractionating column (DT)
NOVELTY - A reformed gas production system has hot air introduction unit using cylinder chamber (2) which accommodates cylinder (1) which supplies original fuel, and reformer which forms hydrogen-rich reformed gas by steam-reforming the fuel. The heat generated by the reformer is passed to the chamber. A guide plate (5), provided to the chamber, allows the hot air to flow along the peripheral edge of the cylinder.    USE - For producing hydrogen-rich reformed gas used for electricity generation of fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The reformed gas production system efficiently uses the heat produced by the reformer, by providing a guide plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flat-surface sectional drawing of the reformed gas production system.    Cylinder (1)    Cylinder chamber (2)    Guide plate (5)
NOVELTY - A raw material comprising a normal temperature hydrocarbon liquid or methanol is reacted with oxygen or air and water vapor in presence of rhodium modified nickel-cerium oxide-platinum catalyst, to manufacture hydrogen.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen supplied to fuel cell in vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Manufacture of hydrogen is performed in a simple single tube small-sized reactor.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell power generating device includes a carbon-monoxide removal portion which eliminates a carbon monoxide in a liquid gas containing hydrogen and coal. A hydrogen gas is supplied to a fuel-cell electricity generator (10) through the carbon-monoxide removal portion.    USE - Applicable for electricity generation using hydrogen gas.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures stable electricity generation with high efficiency using hydrogen gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell power generating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel-cell electricity generator (10)
NOVELTY - The fuel-cell apparatus includes a burner exhaust-gas piping (24) connected between a modifier (2) and a recuperator (5). The burner exhaust-gas piping inclines at a height position from the burner exhaust-gas outlet (23) of the modifier to the burner exhaust-gas inlet (25) of the recuperator.    USE - For electricity generation.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures safe driving of fuel-cell apparatus without reduction of modification property. Ensures efficient utilization of heat energy produced from steam condensed water from modifier or fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of fuel-cell apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (2)    Recuperator (5)    Burner exhaust-gas outlet (23)    Burner exhaust-gas piping (24)    Burner exhaust-gas inlet (25)
NOVELTY - A combustor (25) is upstream of the heat exchanger (20) which exchanges the heat between the gas and cooling water flowing through a heating-gas supply path (34). The combustor supplies combustion gas for preheating the cooling water, when the temperature of the cooling water is less than predetermined temperature.    USE - For modifying hydrocarbon group, to produce hydrogen rich gas for supplying heated air for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Supplies directly and rapidly the heated air to the heat exchanger and heat carrier circuit. Performs preheating of the modification reaction vessel, prevents the wastage of fuel and maintains the property of the heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the heating-gas formation equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat exchanger (20)    Combustor (25)    Gas supply path (34)
NOVELTY - The flow path pipe (34,36) of the two kinds of gas is independently connected to a mixing chamber (24).    USE - Burner.    ADVANTAGE - Offers operation cost reduction due to the formation of the flow path pipe of two kinds of gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the burner. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Mixing chamber (24)    Flow path pipe (34,36)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen production system has a chemical-reaction portion for performing chemical reaction of a raw material, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting thermal capacity and volume of the chemical-reaction portion and a control portion for controlling the adjustment mechanism, based on the driving condition of the hydrogen production system.    USE - For forming hydrogen-rich gas by reformation of raw materials, such as gasoline.    ADVANTAGE - The reformation portion in the hydrogen production system has reduced size, improved starting property and is operated over a wide range. Quick warming-up is obtained by suppressing thermal capacity of the chemical portion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of operating the hydrogen production system, which involves controlling the thermal capacity and volume of the chemical-reaction portion, based on the driving conditions of the hydrogen production system during hydrogen formation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the reformation portion of the hydrogen production system.    Reformation portion (100)    Shift-reaction portion (115,117)    oxidation-reaction portion (118)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen formation device has a raw material supplying unit (6) which supplies raw material, a water feed zone (7) which supplies water, mixed heating unit (3,4) which heats the mixture and obtains heated mixed air while raw material and water are mixed to obtain a mixture, and a hydrogen gas formation unit which reforms the heated mixed air supplied from the mixed heating unit, and forms hydrogen-rich gas.    USE - For forming hydrogen-rich gas by steam reforming.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen formation device allows simultaneous supply of raw material and water. Since the variation of pressure by dilation during water vaporization is eliminated, and raw material flow rate is stabilized by fixing the evaporating rate of water, the hydrogen formation device provides a stable supply of reformed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the composition of the above hydrogen formation device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heating unit (3,4)    Raw material supply unit (6)    Water feed zone (7)
NOVELTY - Several soil layers (5) are laminated in a microorganism process layer (6) of a sealing container (3). A gas inlet (1) and a gas outlet (2) are provided in the lower and upper portions of the container. An adsorption oxidizing agent is provided in the upper portion of the container to which ultraviolet rays are radiated and through which water is supplied to the microorganism process layer.    USE - Deodorizing apparatus for organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Removes the offensive odor from the water efficiently. The apparatus is simple and inexpensive, as only microorganism process layer and adsorption agent are used.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the deodorizing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas inlet (1)    Gas outlet (2)    Sealing container (3)    Soil layers (5)    Microorganism process layer (6)
NOVELTY - The water is flowed through a circulation pipe of a raw-fish container (14) and filtered by a cylindrical hydraulic pressure filter (1). Pressure is applied to the filter through nest-like partition plate (4) comprising filter medium (7), so that water is filtered and flowed out from filter holes (6).    USE - For filtering water from raw-fish container, using hydraulic pressure.    ADVANTAGE - The partition plate effectively filters microorganism, through the filter medium.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydraulic pressure filtration device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of raw-fish container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydraulic pressure filter (1)    Nest-like partition plate (4)    Filter hole (6)    Filter media (7,17)    Raw-fish container (14)
NOVELTY - The deluge systems (6,7) respectively circulate water to the front and post stages of carrier filling layers (4,5) in a packed tower (1), to remove toxic substances in air.    USE - For biologically processing toxic substances in air.    ADVANTAGE - The toxic substances contained in air are removed efficiently, and the installation and operating costs are reduced greatly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline longitudinal cross sectional view of the air purifier.    Packed tower (1)    Carrier filling layers (4,5)    Deluge systems (6,7)
NOVELTY - The organic substance processing apparatus has treatment tank which is heated by exhaust stream line and deodorizing vessel incorporating oxidation catalyst. The substance is decomposed in the tank using air, and the exhaust gas formed is heated in a heater and deodorized in the deodorizing vessel. The exhaust gas is pre-heated by the gas passing through deodorizing vessel, before being heated in heater.    USE - For processing organic substances, such as garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The exhaust gas and the deodorizing vessel are heated by passing the exhaust gas through the deodorizing device, thus reducing the load of heater. Therefore, the running cost of the processing apparatus is reduced, and the deodorizing property is maintained.
NOVELTY - An auxiliary stirring shaft (33) is connected to a stirring blade rotation shaft (31) in mutually parallel relationship.    USE - For processing organic kitchen waste from home, commercial food processing center, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents entanglement of long fibers with stirring blade rotating shaft due to provision of the auxiliary stirring shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic waste treatment tank.    Stirring blade rotation shaft (31)    Auxiliary stirring shaft (33)
NOVELTY - A soldering material layer (95) is between a flat heat exchanger tube (91) and a corrugated fin (92). An alumite layer (96) and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst layer (97), which removes carbon monoxide from reformed gas used for fuel cell, are formed sequentially on the soldering material layer.    USE - For fuel cell power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Provision of the alumite layer prevents dropping-off of the catalyst, and hence the reliability of the heat exchanger is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded sectional view of the heat exchanger.    Flat heat exchanger tube (91)    Corrugated fin (92)    Soldering material layer (95)    Alumite layer (96)    Carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst layer (97)
NOVELTY - A sample drawn from an organic refuse processing device is dissolved in a solvent. A methylene blue pigment is added to the solution and amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by microorganism is detected by color change of the pigment. Based on the color change, maturation of compost is adjusted.    USE - In organic waste processing machine.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for carbon dioxide gas densitometer, oximeter, ammonia densitometer, thermometer, hydrometer and computing unit, since the compost maturation is identified by change of color of the methylene blue pigment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the compost maturation measuring method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Isolation and decomposition device (I) comprising aerobes treats oil-based waste from separation modules (4,7), used to isolate water content and oil based waste, by stirring where the pungent gas released by the aerobic process is forcibly released through an exhaust line (12), is new.    USE - (I) is useful for processing leftover food and oil in foodstuff manufacture and marketing.    ADVANTAGE - (I) maintains temperature necessary for aerobic reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the grease trap.    Separation modules (4,7)    Decomposition module (9)
NOVELTY - Compost production system (I) comprising a detector which determines the weight and capacity of the organic waste loaded in a container (20) mounted on a truck (11) where the estimated value is transmitted to (I) and the quantity of additives to be added to the waste is estimated based on the moisture content of waste and estimated weight capacity values, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for producing compost using organic waste produced by poultry farm or pig farm.    ADVANTAGE - Since the measurements are performed automatically, burden of operator is reduced. Ensures effective utilization of livestock excrements due to precise calculation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline of compost production system.    Truck (11)    Container (20)
NOVELTY - A composting apparatus comprising a control unit that operates the operating switch to adjust the degree of opening of a gate depending upon the load quantity detected by a torque sensor, is new.    USE - For composting processing apparatus of foodstuff waste, droppings of hen, pig feces urine, putrefactive waste material, sewage sludge, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Provides controlled pressure condition by friction stirrer in a treatment tank and dispersion in the quality of processed material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composting apparatus comprising a control unit that operates the operating switch to adjust the degree of opening of a gate depending upon the load quantity detected by a torque sensor, is new. A screw conveyor is provided to transfer the processed object in the process tube from the insertion opening to the discharge port. The drain unit is provided at the bottom portion of the process tube. Friction stirrer consisting of multiple blades carries out pressurized transfer of the processed object. A gate is provided to open/close the discharge port. An operating switch operates the gate to open/close stepwise using a control unit. A torque sensor detects the torque of a rotation shaft and multiple proximity switches are provided to detect the opening/closing position of the gate. The control unit is operated based on the signal from the proximity switch.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Process tube (1)    Insertion opening (2)    Discharge port (3)    Gate (3a)    Screw conveyor (6)    Torque sensor (9)    Control unit (10)    Operating switch (11)    Proximity switch (12)
NOVELTY - The purification of polluted water involves mixing air and water passing through an electromagnetic field, diffusing fine air bubbles (10) in the water, and purifying water and reducing the sludge layer (12) simultaneously.    USE - For the purification of polluted water from rivers, lakes, marshes, dams and reservoirs, and for sludge reduction.    ADVANTAGE - Water purification and sludge layer reduction are enabled with a simple apparatus having low installation and running costs.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual view of the water purification system.    Fine air bubbles (10)    Sludge layer (12)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse processing apparatus has treatment tank for decomposing organic waste, an exhaust gas from treatment tank, ventilating fan (11), deodorizing portion (12), smell sensor (17) and gas introduction port for a sensor correction all over the exhaust line.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The smell in the exhaust gas is detected with high precision by performing a zero point correction automatically and hence the concentration of odor is controlled to less than threshold value. Air is used as a gas for sensor correction and there is no need to prepare the gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the exhaust line of embodiment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The organic refuse is decomposed by microorganism after irradiating with microwave.    USE - For processing the organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The decomposition of organic refuse is carried out in a short time, by increasing the activity of microorganism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side sectional drawing of the garbage disposer.
NOVELTY - Decomposing bacteria is mixed with the organic waste in the decomposition tank and the various environmental conditions are controlled to decompose a large quantity of organic waste safely so as to reduce the waste weight.    USE - For rapidly and stably decomposing organic waste by using microorganism preparation.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces weight of waste by decomposing large quantity of organic waste safely and effectively in an extremely sanitary manner over a long period of time.
NOVELTY - An agitation tank has upper and lower plate-shaped agitation blades rotated by an electric motor. A microbe for decomposing the garbage, is impregnated in spherical ceramic which has 8-50 mm diameter and is filled in the tank. The garbage is crushed and decomposed simultaneously by impact motion of ceramic and microbes.    USE - For crushing garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The garbage are crushed into small pieces at low expense. As the garbage is crushed and decomposed simultaneously, the crushing process is done quickly without generation of bad smell.
NOVELTY - The device has an air inflow port in the center of a horizontal pipe (10). A magnetic field generating unit (14) generates axial magnetic field extending between ends (10b,10c) of the pipe. Oxygen having positive magnetic susceptibility due to paramagnetism flow towards the end (10c) of the pipe and nitrogen having negative magnetic susceptibility due to diamagnetism flow towards end (10b) of the pipe.    USE - Used in internal combustion engine, fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Gas having high oxygen concentration is supplied to internal combustion engine or fuel cell efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic sectional drawing of oxygen supplying device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Horizontal pipe (10)    Ends of pipe (10b,10c)    Magnetic field generating unit (14)
NOVELTY - The treatment tanks (4) installs treatment apparatuses (21-23) for decomposing organic wastes where the adjacent treatment apparatuses are connected by organic waste connection passage (60) and water connection passage (70) such that the organic waste, saw dust passes to the next stage through the upper side and excess water is passed through the lower side.    USE - For decomposition of organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the lowering of the decomposition treatment capacity due to excess water, thereby easily increasing the decomposition treatment capacity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the decomposition treatment system.    Treatment tanks (4)    Treatment apparatuses (21-23)    Organic waste connection passage (60)    Water connection passage (70)
NOVELTY - Polylactic acid resin is decomposed with actinomycetal microorganism and Saccharomonospora azurea belonging to a genus of Saccharomonospora.    USE - For decomposing polylactic acid resin and plastics containing polylactic acids.    ADVANTAGE - The method directly and biologically decomposes polylactic acid resins.
NOVELTY - The vehicle has a reformer (4) which produces hydrogen from a fuel (6) and supplies it to a fuel cell (1). The fuel cell generates electricity to drive a motor (2) and vehicle traction (3). During a reference period the times of the vehicle stops and their duration are recorded and the data is used to restart a reformer heater (13,14) early provided that the temperature is below a threshold.    USE - To control the operation of a vehicle fuel cell reformer heating. Particularly suited to commercial vehicles operating to a repeated pattern of use.    ADVANTAGE - Delay in restarting a fuel cell vehicle is avoided by using recorded information to commence reformer heating early if the temperature has fallen below a threshold.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for implementing the reforming heating control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the reformer and heater.    Fuel cell (1)    Electric motor (2)    Traction (3)    Reformer (4)    Fuel supply (6)    Reformer heater (13,14)
NOVELTY - The device has a mixing chamber (9) to which the gases are fed under pressure via feed lines (2,3) and from which the mixed gas phases are drawn via a tapping line. Spin nozzle units (D1,2) connected to first and second feed lines convert the flows of hydrogen and water vapor into spinning flows. The second nozzle unit, especially for water vapor, is arranged downstream of the first.    USE - Especially for mixing hydrogen fed to a fuel cell and water vapor.    ADVANTAGE - Enables homogeneous mixing of the hydrogen and water vapor suitable for high efficiency of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of an inventive device    mixing chamber (9)    feed lines (2,3)    spin nozzle units (D1,D2)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical cell stack comprises alternately arranged membrane electrode units and separator plates (1) with channel regions (3) for the supply and removal of reactant or oxidant fluid at the membrane electrode unit. The separator plates have on one side a surface structure of channels (5) and intermediate webs (4) and on the other side a negative structure of this.    USE - Used as a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - Destruction of the membrane electrode assembly due to the egg carton effect is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separator plates have a channel region offset from the geometric center (M) so that on stacking the separator plates with adjacent plates rotated by 180 degrees to the normal (F) the separator plates lie on top of each other so that external forces referred to the membrane electrode assembly between the separator plates are transferred free of bending moments. The channel region is offset perpendicular to at least one channel direction. The distance by which the channel region is offset corresponds to half the distance between the center of the channel and the center of the web or a whole number multiple of the distance. The channel region has the same number of channel and webs. The cross-sections of the channels and webs are different.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell stack.    Separator plate (1)    Channel region (3)    Web (4)    Channel (5)    Normal (F)    Geometric center (M)
NOVELTY - Porous gas-permeable sub-structure has a smooth surface formed by a sealed edge zone. The edge zone and a support structure surrounding the zone is produced from a uniform material mixture of sinterable particles. The porosity of the support structure is more than 30 vol.%. The pore size of the edge zone is less than 10 microns.    USE - Used as a support for an electrode layer in high temperature fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The sub-structure is effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electrochemically active element containing the sub-structure.
NOVELTY - Combined power-heating device comprises a reactor system for removing carbon monoxide from a reformate gas stream and contains a low temperature shift reactor and a methanization reactor connected to it. A first heat exchanger is arranged between the steam reformer and the shift reactor for cooling the reformate gas stream leaving a steam reformer to the starting temperature of the shift reactor. A second heat exchanger for decreasing the temperature of the reformate to the operating temperature of the fuel cell.    USE - Used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The air feed can be precisely controlled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for operating a combined power-heating device.    Preferred Features: The low temperature shift reactor contains a Cu/ZnO shift catalyst. The methanization reactor contains a catalyst containing ruthenium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the power-heating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text.)
NOVELTY - A fluid-tight container (1) holds a quantity of fermenting animal slurry under a gas-tight membrane (2). The membrane is a weather-resistant foil supported on a float (5) frame (6) by the slurry surface. Together, the container and foil form a methane gas tank.    USE - Used for gas fermentation and as a gas holder for farm animal slurry. The container and membrane inner volume adapt both to the varying volume of slurry and gas, minimizing the mechanical wear on the membrane arising from prior art folding.    ADVANTAGE - The membrane has an extended service life.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Together the floats, frame and membrane form a gas-tight seal between the slurry surface and the membrane. The frame outer dimensions are essentially identical with those of the container inner face. The container floor is heated and the sidewalls are heat-insulated. The container inner face has upright rails that engage with matching upright slots in the floats. The top of each rail has an end-stop limiting float travel. The frame is anchored by two or more cables. The frame is fabricated in chrome-nickel hot galvanized steel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional side-view of the assembly filled with slurry and gas.    Container (1)    Membrane (2)    Fermenting slurry (3)    Methane (4)    Float (5)    Membrane support pillar (6)
NOVELTY - A continual process converts animal cadaver wastes into a fluid phase and the wastes are suspended in water with a carrier for immobilized micro-organisms and are circulated in an aerobic and then an anaerobic reactor, a portion of the suspended mixture is passed continually through a particle separator which returns the separated particles and substrate material to the loop, is new.    USE - For disposal of animal cadaver wastes, e.g. containing prion BSE infected tissue, to produce e.g. biomass or fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The animal residues are converted almost entirely to mineral form. Pathogenic germs are almost all killed. The process is suitable for almost all biological wastes. The loop process achieves high biomass concentration and throughput. No heat exchanger is required. The end-product is almost totally sterilized, and can be used as liquid fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separated fluid is removed from the circuit, subjected to aerobic treatment, and then thermal sanitization or micro-filtration. The animal residues are sent through a process loop comprising an aerobic and anaerobic reactor. Some of the liquid is removed mechanically from the solids and is evaporated, with the solid residues incinerated. The mechanically separated solids are returned to the process loop. The organic substances are broken down almost completely and at a high rate by the alternating aerobic and anaerobic processes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a block diagram of the process. (Drawing includes non English-language text).
NOVELTY - Energy generation system, biogas and ammonia generated by fermentation of organic wastes from agriculture, sewage processing, food processing or fermentation of plants grown for this purpose where the biogas is especially converted to electrical energy by an MCFC carbonate fusion fuel cell, is new.    USE - Fuel supply and power generation system, for combined heat and power station, e.g. district heating.    ADVANTAGE - The system increases energy yield. Methane energy yield is almost 100 per cent. Useful energy is extracted from the ammonia. Ammonia is converted to atmospheric nitrogen without formation of NOx. The MCFC fuel cell is unaffected by gas quality and requires no ignition oil. The system is suitable for retro-fitting to existing biogas generation installations, especially in food processing industry. The system minimizes greenhouse gas emissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an energy generation system with a fermenting tank, gas holder, integrated reformer, gas filter, gas mixer, heat exchanger and fuel cell. The heat exchanger surrenders heat to the fermentation tank.    Preferred Features: In addition to containing trace elements, the biogas comprises methane and carbon dioxide. The CO2 content is preferably 25-50% by volume. The ammonia content is preferably 10-30% by volume and is derived from biogas generation residues. The ammonia gas is generated by stripping biogas foul sludge. Prior to its use in the fuel cell, harmful trace elements, especially hydrogen sulfide, are removed from the gas which then passes through an integrated reformer unit.