TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Composition: The amount of electroconductive material with respect to water retaining layer is 50-95 wt.%. The water-retention resin retains one or more group selected from carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, quaternary amino group and sulfonic acid group. The water-retention resin retaining hydroxyl group, has hydroxylation degree of 2-50.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Material: The electroconductive material is an electroconductive carbon black.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Resin: The water retention resin is a cellulosic resin which is an alkyl cellulose resin, a phenol resin which is a novolak resin, or a hydroxy styrene resin. The hydroxy styrene resin is copolymer of hydroxy styrene and butadiene, or copolymer of hydroxy styrene, and a butadiene and an acrylonitrile. The water-retention resin is a three-dimensional crosslinking resin which is obtained by using an organo onium compound as a crosslinking agent.Preferred Method: Water repellent processing of inner surface of through-hole of the water-retaining layer is performed.Preferred Properties: The water-retaining layer has thickness of 5-500 microns. The pore size of the through-hole of the water-retaining layer is 0.01-2 mm. The fuel cell has 10-50 volume% of through-hole with respect to a water-retaining layer. The pore size of through-hole of the water-retaining layer in the fuel flow-path side, is larger than the pore size of through-hole of the water-retaining layer in the fuel electrode side, when the water-retaining layer is formed on the fuel electrode. The pore size of through-hole of the water-retaining layer in the oxidizing flow-path side, is larger than the pore size of through-hole of the water-retaining layer in the oxidizing agent electrode side, when the water-retaining layer is formed on the oxidizing agent electrode. EXAMPLE - Solid polymer electrolyte film Nafion 117 having film thickness of 170 microns was compressed with two graphite electrode sheets having film thickness of 400 microns, and hot-pressed at 150 degrees C for 60 seconds under pressure of 200 kg/cm2. A fuel electrode and an oxidizing agent electrode, and the solid polymer electrolyte film, were joined and integrated, and a laminated film was formed. Benzyl cellulose (in wt.%) (45), acetylene black (55) and hexamethylene diisocyanate of ultra low volume, were dissolved in n-methyl pyrrolidone having solid contents (10). The resulting solution was uniformly applied to the oxidizing agent electrode surface, then dried at 150 degrees C for 30 minutes and a water-retaining layer having a thickness of 100 microns was produced. Subsequently, fluorination argon excimer laser was irradiated on the water-retaining layer surface at intervals of 1.5 mm and a through-hole was produced. A laser beam was irradiated as a circular focus of 0.5 mm of aperture diameter using a spherical lens and a hole with internal diameter of 0.4-0.6 mm was produced in the water-retaining layer. The fuel cell containing the water-retaining layer, was fixed on a stage and number of through-holes were produced by moving a stage at fixed interval using micrometer calipers and a solid polymer fuel cell was produced. The cell had gas permeability of 24x10 power -3 ml/cm.seconds at 20 degrees C and 40% relative humidity and 19x10 power -3 ml/cm.seconds at 80 degrees C 90% relative humidity; and porosity of 60% at 20 degrees C and 40% relative humidity and 50% at 80 degrees C and 90% relative humidity.