US6789625-B2  On the Mechanism of Kerogen Pyrolysis, Alan K. Burnham & James A. Happe, Jan. 10, 1984 (17 pages).;  On-line, Mass Spectrometric Determination of Ammonia From Oil Shale Pyrolysis Using Isobutane Chemical Ionization, Crawford et al., Mar. 1988 (16 pages).;  Operating Laboratory Oil Shale Retorts In An In-Situ Mode, W. A. Sandholtz et al., Aug. 18, 1977 (16 pages).;  Pilot Test Demonstrates How Carbon Dioxide Enhances Coal Bed Methane Recovery, Lanny Schoeling and Michael McGovern, Petroleum Technology Digest, Sep. 2000, p. 14-15.;  Proposed Field Test of the Lins Method Thermal Oil Recovery Process in Athabasca McMurray Tar Sand, Husky Oil Company.;  Pyrolysis Kinetics and Maturation of Coals from the San Juan Basin, John G. Reynolds & Alan K. Burnham, Dec. 1992, (30 pages).;  Identification by &lt;13&gt;C NMR of Carbon Types in Shale Oil and their Relationship to Pyrolysis Conditions, Raymond L. Ward & Alan K. Burnham, Sep. 1983 (27 pages).;  In Situ Measurement of Some Thermoporoelastic Parameters of a Granite, Berchenko et al., Poromechanics, A Tribute to Maurice Biot, 1998, p. 545-550.;  Investigation of the Temperature Variation of the Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Coal, Badzioch et al., Fuel, vol. 43, No. 4, Jul. 1964, pp. 267-280.;  Kinetic Analysis of California Oil Shale By Programmed Temperature Microphyrolysis, John G. Reynolds & Alan K. Burnham, Dec. 9, 1991 (14 pages).;  Kinetic Studies of Gas Evolution During Pyrolysis of Subbituminous Coal, J. H. Campbell et al., May 11, 1976, (14 pages).;  Kinetics of Low-Temperature Pyrolysis of Oil Shale by the IITRI RF Process, Sresty et al.; 15&lt;th &gt;Oil Shale Symposium Colorado School of Mines, Apr. 1982 pp. 1-13.;  LLL In-Situ Coal Gasification Program, Stephens et al., Jun, 14, 1976 (12 pages).;  Laboratory Measurements of Groundwater Leaching and Transport of Pollutants Produced During Underground Coal Gasification, V.A Dalton & J.H. Campbell, Mar. 1, 1978 (21 pages).;  Mild Coal Gasification-Product Separation, Pilot-Unit Support, Twin Screw Heat Transfer, and H2S Evolution, Camp et al., Aug. 9, 1991 (12 pages).;  Molecular Mechanism of Oil Shale Pyrolysis in Nitrogen and Hydrogen Atmospheres, Hershkowitz et al.; Geochemistry and Chemistry of Oil Shales, American Chemical Society, May 1983 pp. 301-316.;  Monitoring Oil Shale Retorts by Off-Gas Alkene/Alkane Ratios, John H. Raley, Fuel, vol. 59, Jun. 1980, pp. 419-442.;  Underground Coal Gasification Site Selection and Characterization in Washington State and Gasification Test Designs, Randolph Stone & R.W. Hill, Sep. 10, 1980 (62 pages).;  &lt;13&gt;C NMR Studies of Shale Oil, Raymond L. Ward & Alan K. Burnham, Aug. 1982 (22 pages).;  Coproduction of Oil and Electric Power from Colorado Oil Shale, P. Henrik Wallman, Sep. 24, 1991 (20 pages).;  Developments in Technology for Green River Oil Shale, G.U. Dinneen, United Nations Symposium on the Development and Utilization of Oil Shale Resources, Laramie Petroleum Research Center, Bureau of Mines, 1968, pp. 1-20.;  Direct Production Of A Low Pour Point High Gravity Shale Oil; Hill et al., I & EC Product Research and Development, 6(1), Mar. 1967; pp. 52-59.;  Environmental Controls for Underground Coal Gasification: Ground-Water Effects and Control Technologies, Warren Mead & Ellen Raber, Mar. 14, 1980 (19 pages).;  Evaluation of Downhole Electric Impedance Heating Systems for Paraffin Control in Oil Wells: Industry Applications Society 37&lt;th &gt;Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Enginee Inc. Bosch et al., Sep. 1990, pp. 223-227.;  Evolution of Sulfur Gases During Coal Pyrolysis, Oh et al., Feb. 3, 1988, (11 pages).;  Excavation of the Partial Seam Crip Underground Coal Gasification Test Site, Cena et al., Aug. 14, 1987 (11 pages).;  Excavation of the Partial Seam Crip Underground Coal Gasification Test Site, Robert J. Cena, Aug. 14, 1987 (11 pages).;  Fluidized-Bed Pyrolysis of Oil Shale. J.H. Richardson & E.B. Huss, Oct. 1981 (27 pages).;  Further Comparison of Methods for Measuring Kerogen Pyrolysis Rates and Fitting Kinetic Parameters, Burham et al., Sep. 1987, (16 pages).;  Geochemistry and Pyrolysis of Oil Shales, Tissot et al., Geochemistry and Chemistry of Oil Shales, American Chemic Society, 1983, pp. 1-11.;  Geotechnical Instrumentation Applied to In Situ Coal Gasification Induced Subsidence, Ganow et al. Jun. 21, 1978 (16 pages).;  Ground-Water and Subsidence Investigations of the LLL In Situ Coal Gasification Experiments, Mead et al, Jul. 17-20, 1978 (31 pages).;  High-BTU Gas Via In Situ Coal Gasification, Stephens et al., Oct., 1978 (41 pages).;  High-Pressure Pyrolysis of Green River Oil Shale, Burnham et al., Geochemistry and Chemistry of Oil Shales, American Chemical Society, 1983, pp. 335-351.;  A Laboratory Apparatus for Controlled Time/Temperature Retorting of Oil Shale, Stout et al., Nov. 1, 1976 (19 pages).;  Underground Gasification of Rocky Mountain Coal, D.R. Stephens and R.W. Hill, Jul. 18, 1978 (15 pages).;  Underground Shale Oil Pyrolysis According to the Ljunstroem Method; Svenska Skifferolje Aktiebolaget (Swedish Shale Oil Corp.), IVA, vol. 24, 1953, No. 3, pp. 118-123.;  The Lawrence Livermore Laboratory Oil Shale Retorts, Sandholtz et al. Sep. 18, 1978 (30 pages).;  The Ljungstroem In-Situ Method of Shale Oil Recovery, G. Salomonsson, Oil Shale and Cannel Coal, vol. 2, Proceedings of the Second Oil Shale and Cannel Coal Conference, Institute of Petroleum, 1951, London, pp. 260-280.;  The Permittivity and Electrical Conductivity of Oil Shale, A.J. Piwinskii & A. Duba, Apr. 28, 1975 (12 pages).;  The Potential For In Situ Retorting of Oil Shale In the Piceance Creek Basin of Northwestern Colorado; Dougan et al Quarterly of the Colorado School of Mines, pp. 57-72.;  The Pros and Cons of Carbon Dioxide Dumping Global Warming Concerns Have Stimulated a Search for Carbon Sequestration Technologies; C. Hanisch, Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society, Easton, PA.;  The Shale Oil Question, Old and New Viewpoints, A Lecture in the Engineering Science Academy, Dr. Fredrick Ljungstrom, Feb. 23, 1950, published in Teknisk Trdskrift, Jan. 1951 p. 33-40.;  The Thermal and Structural Properties of a Hanna Basin Coal, R.E. Glass, Transactions of the ASME, vol. 106, Jun. 1984, pp. 266-271.;  The Thermal and Structural Properties of the Coal in the Big Coal Seam, R.E. Glass, In Situ, 8(2), 1984, pp. 193-205.;  The Use of Tracers in Laboratory and Field Tests of Underground Coal Gasification and Oil Shale Retorting, Lyczkowski et al., Jun. 16, 1978 (19 pages).;  Thermal Degradation of Green River Kerogen at 150 to 350 C. Rate of Production Formation, J.J. Cummins & W.E. Robinson, 1972 (18 pages).;  Pyrolysis of Subbituminous Coal as it Relates to In-Situ Coal Gasification, J.H. Campbell, Jan. 17, 1977 (20 pages).;  Quantitative Analysis & Kinetics of Trace Sulfur Gas Species from Oil Shale Pyrolysis by Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (TQMS), Wong et al., Jul. 5-7, 1983 (34 pages).;  Quantitative Analysis and Evolution of Sulfur-Containing Gases from Oil Shale Pyrolysis by Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry, Wong et al., Nov. 1983 (34 pages).;  Recent Experimental Developments in Retorting Oil Shale at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Albert J. Rothman, Aug. 1978 (32 pages).;  Refining Of Swedish Shale Oil, L. Lundquist, pp. 621-627.;  Results from the Hoe Creek No. 3 Underground Coal Gasification Experiment, Thorsness et al., May 1980, (11 pages).;  A Laboratory Study of Green River Oil Shale Retorting Under Pressure In a Nitrogen Atmosphere, Wise et al., Sep. 1976 (24 pages).;  A One-Dimensional Model for In Situ Coal Gasification, Thorsness et al., Aug. 25, 1978 (76 pages).;  A Possible Mechanism of Alkene/Alkane Production, Burnham et al., Oil Shale, Tar Sands, adn Related Materials, American Chemical Society, 1981, pp. 79-92.;  An Evaluation of Triple Quadrupole MS/MS for On-Line Gas Analyses of Trace Sulfur Compounds from Oil Shale Processing, Wong et al., Jan. 1985 (30 pages).;  An Instrumentation Proposal for Retorts in the Demonstration Phase of Oil Shale Development, Clyde J. Sisemore, Apr. 19, 1977, (34 pages).;  Analysis of Oil Shale and Petroleum Source Rock Pyrolysis by Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry: Comparisons of Gas Evolution at the Heating Rate of 10C./Min., Reynolds et al. Oct. 5, 1990 (57 pages).;  Appalachian Coals: Potential Reservoirs for Sequestering Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Power Plants While Enhancing CBM Production; C.W. Byer, et al., Proceedings of the International Coalbed Methane Symposium.;  Application of Self-Adaptive Detector System on a Triple Quadrupole MS/NS to High Explosives and Sulfur-Containing Pyrolysis Gases from Oil Shale, Carla M. Wong & Richard W. Crawford, Oct. 1983 (17 pages).;  Application of a Microretort to Problems in Shale Pyrolysis, A. W. Weitkamp & L.C. Gutberlet, Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Develop. vol. 9, No. 3, 1970, pp. 386-395.;  Assay Products from Green River Oil Shale, Singleton et al., Feb. 18, 1986 (213 pages).;  Assessment of the CRIP Process for Underground Coal Gasification: The Rocky Mountain I Test, Cena et al., Aug. 1, 1988 (22 pages).;  Biomarkers in Oil Shale: Occurrence and Applications, Singleton et al., Oct. 1982 (28 pages).;  Bureau of Mines Oil-Shale Research, H.M. Thorne, Quarterly of the Colorado School of Mines, pp. 77-90.;  Catalytic Activity of Oxidized (Combusted) Oil Shale for Removal of Nitrogen Oxides with Ammonia as a Reductant in Combustion Gas Streams, Part II, Reynolds et al., Jan. 4, 1993 (9 pages).;  Coal Pyrolysis and Methane Decomposition In the Presence of a Hot Char Bed, Peters et al., Aug. 1983, (21 pages).;  Comparison of Methods for Measuring Kerogen Pyrolysis Rates and Fitting Kinetic Parameters, Burnham et al., Mar. 23, 1987, (29 pages).;  Computer Models to Support Investigations of Surface Subsidence and Associated Ground Motion Induced by Underground Coal Gasification, R.T. Langland & B.C. Trent, Jul. 1981, (16 pages).;  Control Aspects of Underground Coal Gasification: LLL Investigations of Ground-Water and Subsidence Effects, Mead et al., Nov. 10, 1978 (21 pages).;  Results from the Third LLL Underground Coal Gasification Experiment at Hoe Creek, Hill et al., May 20, 1980 (12 pages).;  Results of the Centralia Underground Coal Gasification Field Test, Hill et al., Aug. 1984 (18 pages).;  Retorting Kinetics for Oil Shale From Fluidized-Bed Pyrolysis, Richardson et al., Dec. 1981 (30 pages).;  Retorting Oil Shale Underground-Problems & Possibilities; B.F. Grant, Qtly of Colorado School of Mines, pp. 39-46.;  Retorting and Combustion Processes In Surface Oil-Shale Retorts, A.E. Lewis & R.L. Braun, May 2, 1980 (12 pages).;  Retorting of Green River Oil Shale Under High-Pressure Hydrogen Atmospheres, LaRue et al., Jun. 1977 (38 pages).;  So2 Emissions from the Oxidation of Retorted Oil Shale, Taylor et al., Nov. 1981 (9 pages).;  Some Effects of Pressure on Oil-Shale Retorting, Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal, J.H. Bae, Sep., 196 pp. 287-292.;  Some Relationships of Thermal Effects to Rubble-Bed Structure and Gas-Flow Patterns in Oil Shale Retorts, W. A. Sandholtz, Mar. 1980 (19 pages).;  Source and Kinetics of Sulfur Species in Oil Shale Pyrolysis Gas by Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry, Wong et al., Oct. 1983 (14 pages).;  Steam Tracer Experiment at the Hoe Creek No. 3 Underground Coal Gasification Field Test, C.B. Thorsness, Nov. 26, 1980 (51 pages).;  Study of Gas Evolution During Oil Shale Pyrolysis by TQMS, Oh et al., Feb. 1988 (10 pages).;  Tests of a Mechanism for H2S Release During Coal Pyrolysis, Coburn et al., May 31, 1991, (6 pages).;  The Benefits of In Situ Upgrading Reactions to the Integrated Operations of the Orinoco Heavy-Oil Fields and Downstream Facilities, Myron Kuhlman, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Jun. 2000; pp. 1-14.;  The Centralia Partial Seam CRIP Underground Coal Gasification Experiment, Cena et al., Jun. 1984 (38 pages).;  The Characteristics of a Low Temperature in Situ Shale Oil; George Richard Hill & Paul Dougan, Quarterly of the Colorado School of Mines, 1967; pp. 75-90.;  The Composition of Green River Shale Oils, Glenn L. Cook, et al., United Nations Symposium on the Development and Utilization of Oil Shale Resources, 1968, pp. 1-23.;  The Historical Development of Underground Coal Gasification, D. Olness & D.W. Gregg, Jun. 30, 1977 (60 pages).;  The Hoe Creek II Field Experiment of Underground Coal Gasification, Preliminary Results, Aiman et al., Feb. 27, 1978 (26 pages).;  New System Stops Paraffin Build-up; Petroleum Engineer, Eastlund et al., Jan. 1989, (3 pages).;  New in situ shale-oil recovery process uses hot natural gas; The Oil & Gas Journal; May 16, 1966, p. 151.;  Nitric Oxide (NO) Reduction by Retorted Oil Shale, R.W. Taylor & C.J. Morris, Oct. 1983 (16 pages).;  Numerical Model of Coal Gasification in a Packed Bed, A.M. Winslow, Apr. 1976 (27 pages).;  Occurrence of Biomarkers in Green River Shale Oil, Singleton et al., Mar. 1983 (29 pages).;  Oil Degradation During Oil Shale Retorting, J.H. Raley & R.L. Braun, May 24, 1976 (14 pages).;  Oil Shale Retorting Processes: A Technical Overview, Lewis et al., Mar. 1984 (18 pages).;  Oil Shale Retorting: Effects of Particle Size and Heating Rate on Oil Evolution and Intraparticle Oil Degradation; Campbell et al. In Situ 2(1), 1978, pp. 1-47.;  Oil Shale, Yen Developments in Petroleum Science 5, 1976, pp. 187-189, 197-198.