TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Components: The photovoltaic element (Gratzel-cell) further comprises layer(s) of substantially heat-resistant substrate (103b) and spacer (104b) structure between electrode layers. It is provided with substantially semi-conducting characteristics laminated in the semi-material.The electrode layer(s) comprises polymeric material applied with transparent conductive oxide (TCO). It consists of screen structure, substantially flexible and heat-resistant material, and wire-screen all applied with semi-conducting material.The semi-conducting material is applied with a dye. Preferred Methods: The layers are supplied continuously before extrusion coating and/or lamination operation.An electrical connection is performed by applying conductive materials on external surface of the cells, thus, electrically connecting the electrodes of separate cells.The production method comprises injection step of electrolyte in the electrolyte carrier layer. The cell structure is cut into smaller cell units.The electrode layers are produced in a second parallel process.The injection step comprises arranging a hole during lamination in bottom sealing film, injecting by an injector under a pressure the electrolyte through the hole, the electrolyte filling a spacer and some of the electrode and substrate due to capillary forces, and arranging a thin film over the hole and melting it together with the film.The substrate is rolled together with the heat-resistant spacer layer which prevents contact between the rolled up substrate layers and allows for hot air to pass between the substrate layers.The roll is exposed to hot air. Drying and sintering of TiO2 is performed. The production method further comprises manufacturing long semi-material connected in series. The substrate is polymer-based and metallized.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The TCO consists of tin oxide (SnO2). The semiconducting material consists of titanium oxide (TiO2). The electrolyte carrier consists of potassium iodine or an iodine solution.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Compounds: The substrate is polymer-based and metallized.The polymeric material consists of polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), or polyamide (PA).The covering layer consists of single- or multi-layer structure comprising PE-layer(s), PP-layer(s), PET-layer(s), tie-layer(s), ionomer layer(s), ethylene acrylic acid (EAA)-layer(s), ethylene methacrylate acrylic acid (EMAA)-layer(s), PA-layer(s), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH)-layer(s), and/or silicon oxide compounds-layer(s).A PET-film comprises the substrate and is coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) on a first side and with 1 part of its surface consisting of layer of semi-conductor, such as TiO2 on the first side and 1 part of the surface consisting of catalyst on the first side, which surface area is perforated.