NOVELTY - Heat is provided from heat source(s) (801) to portion(s) of a coal formation. The heat is transferred from the heat source(s) to a selected section (805) of the formation. Then heat from heat source(s) is controlled, such that average temperature within majority of the selected section of formation is less than 375 degrees C, and a mixture is produced from the formation.    USE - Used for in situ treating of a coal formation to produce hydrocarbons, hydrogen and/or novel product streams from underground coal formations, for production of synthesis gas used as fuel, for synthesizing a wide range of organic and/or inorganic compounds such as hydrocarbons and ammonia, for generating electricity by reducing pressure of synthesis gas in turbines and/or using temperature of synthesis gas to form steam, used in energy generation units such as molten carbonate fuel cell, solid oxide fuel cell or other type of fuel cell, for production of branched and unbranched paraffins, for catalytic methanation to produce methane, for production of methanol, gasoline and diesel fuel, ammonia and middle distillates and for upgrading oils, and for production of carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - The coal formation treatment yields relatively high quality hydrocarbon products, hydrogen and other products, inexpensively. Sequestering fluid formed within the formation significantly reduces or eliminates fluid which is released to the environment due to operation of the in situ conversion process. Superposition of heat varies depending on spacing between heat sources, and tends to increase the uniformity of distribution in the section of formation selected for treatment. The spacing is selected to increase the effectiveness of the heat sources, thereby increasing the economic viability of a selected in situ conversion process. Carbon deposition is effectively inhibited by utilizing an oxidizing fluid. Energy input cost is reduced by heating a portion of formation by oxidation in combination with heating the portion of formation by electric heater. The oxidation reaction is propagated slowly through a greater portion of formation, so that fuel heat sources are required to heat greater portion of formation. Controlling pressure, heat and/or heating rates of selected section in the formation increases production of selected formation fluids.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an in situ method for heating a coal formation;    (2) an in situ method for producing hydrogen from a coal formation;    (3) forming heater wells in a coal formation;    (4) installing a heater well into a coal formation;    (5) a system configured to heat a coal formation;    (6) a mixture produced from a portion of a coal formation;    (7) the in situ production of synthesis gas (823) from a coal formation;    (8) forming a spent portion of the formation within a coal formation;    (9) sequestering carbon dioxide within a coal formation;    (10) the in situ production of energy from a coal formation;    (11) the production of ammonia using a coal formation; and    (12) treating hydrocarbons in at least a portion of coal formation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the use of water recovered from pyrolysis fluid production, for generating synthesis gas in a formation.    Heat source (801)    Electrical heater (803)    Section (805)    Synthesis gas (823)